annotate man/faq.texi @ 71501:021c1400e746

[!TARGET_API_MAC_CARBON]: Don't include FixMath.h or Scrap.h.
author YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
date Wed, 28 Jun 2006 08:29:54 +0000
parents a453a1e7a2ba
children 77266daa9ec9 4094c5298ae1
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
rev   line source
68950
85f92eabec4d Remove the coding cookie, it's not needed anymore.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 68842
diff changeset
1 \input texinfo @c -*- mode: texinfo; -*-
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2 @c %**start of header
27177
6b960a7c7ca7 Rename emacs-faq to efaq in @setfilename and in @direntry.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 27113
diff changeset
3 @setfilename ../info/efaq
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4 @settitle GNU Emacs FAQ
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5 @c %**end of header
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
6
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
7 @setchapternewpage odd
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
8
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
9 @c This is used in many places
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
10 @set VER 22.1
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
11
68657
e0aafc27ed28 (VM): VM now at version 7.19.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68639
diff changeset
12 @c This file is maintained by Romain Francoise <rfrancoise@gnu.org>.
e0aafc27ed28 (VM): VM now at version 7.19.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68639
diff changeset
13 @c Feel free to install changes without prior permission (but I'd
e0aafc27ed28 (VM): VM now at version 7.19.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68639
diff changeset
14 @c appreciate a notice if you do).
e0aafc27ed28 (VM): VM now at version 7.19.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68639
diff changeset
15
47737
0a70200bde27 use @copying instead of @ifinfo.
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents: 47614
diff changeset
16 @copying
69681
11b616eddda4 @copyright{}, no indentation in @copying{}
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents: 69133
diff changeset
17 Copyright @copyright{} 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 Free
11b616eddda4 @copyright{}, no indentation in @copying{}
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents: 69133
diff changeset
18 Software Foundation, Inc.@*
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
19 Copyright 1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000 Reuven M. Lerner@*
28127
ce57565effde Fix copyright lines.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27352
diff changeset
20 Copyright 1992,1993 Steven Byrnes@*
ce57565effde Fix copyright lines.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27352
diff changeset
21 Copyright 1990,1991,1992 Joseph Brian Wells@*
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
22
47737
0a70200bde27 use @copying instead of @ifinfo.
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents: 47614
diff changeset
23 @quotation
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
24 This list of frequently asked questions about GNU Emacs with answers
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
25 (``FAQ'') may be translated into other languages, transformed into other
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
26 formats (e.g. Texinfo, Info, WWW, WAIS), and updated with new information.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
27
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
28 The same conditions apply to any derivative of the FAQ as apply to the FAQ
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
29 itself. Every copy of the FAQ must include this notice or an approved
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
30 translation, information on who is currently maintaining the FAQ and how to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
31 contact them (including their e-mail address), and information on where the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
32 latest version of the FAQ is archived (including FTP information).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
33
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
34 The FAQ may be copied and redistributed under these conditions, except that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
35 the FAQ may not be embedded in a larger literary work unless that work
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
36 itself allows free copying and redistribution.
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
37
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
38 [This version has been heavily edited since it was included in the Emacs
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
39 distribution.]
47737
0a70200bde27 use @copying instead of @ifinfo.
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents: 47614
diff changeset
40 @end quotation
0a70200bde27 use @copying instead of @ifinfo.
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents: 47614
diff changeset
41 @end copying
0a70200bde27 use @copying instead of @ifinfo.
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents: 47614
diff changeset
42
0a70200bde27 use @copying instead of @ifinfo.
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents: 47614
diff changeset
43 @dircategory Emacs
0a70200bde27 use @copying instead of @ifinfo.
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents: 47614
diff changeset
44 @direntry
0a70200bde27 use @copying instead of @ifinfo.
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents: 47614
diff changeset
45 * Emacs FAQ: (efaq). Frequently Asked Questions about Emacs.
0a70200bde27 use @copying instead of @ifinfo.
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents: 47614
diff changeset
46 @end direntry
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
47
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
48 @c The @titlepage stuff only appears in the printed version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
49 @titlepage
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
50 @sp 10
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
51 @center @titlefont{GNU Emacs FAQ}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
52
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
53 @c The following two commands start the copyright page.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
54 @page
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
55 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll
47737
0a70200bde27 use @copying instead of @ifinfo.
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents: 47614
diff changeset
56 @insertcopying
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
57 @end titlepage
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
58
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
59 @node Top, FAQ notation, (dir), (dir)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
60
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
61 This is the GNU Emacs FAQ, last updated on @today{}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
62
68735
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
63 This FAQ is maintained as a part of GNU Emacs. If you find any errors,
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
64 or have any suggestions, please use @kbd{M-x report-emacs-bug} to report
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
65 them.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
66
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
67 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
68 * FAQ notation::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
69 * General questions::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
70 * Getting help::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
71 * Status of Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
72 * Common requests::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
73 * Bugs and problems::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
74 * Compiling and installing Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
75 * Finding Emacs and related packages::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
76 * Major packages and programs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
77 * Key bindings::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
78 * Alternate character sets::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
79 * Mail and news::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
80 * Concept index::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
81 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
82
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
83 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
84 @node FAQ notation, General questions, Top, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
85 @chapter FAQ notation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
86 @cindex FAQ notation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
87
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
88 This chapter describes notation used in the GNU Emacs FAQ, as well as in
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
89 the Emacs documentation. Consult this section if this is the first time
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
90 you are reading the FAQ, or if you are confused by notation or terms
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
91 used in the FAQ.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
92
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
93 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
94 * Basic keys::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
95 * Extended commands::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
96 * On-line manual::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
97 * File-name conventions::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
98 * Common acronyms::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
99 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
100
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
101 @node Basic keys, Extended commands, FAQ notation, FAQ notation
40705
421e0a91a1d1 Replace M-C- with C-M-
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40014
diff changeset
102 @section What do these mean: @kbd{C-h}, @kbd{C-M-a}, @key{RET}, @kbd{@key{ESC} a}, etc.?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
103 @cindex Basic keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
104 @cindex Control key, notation for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
105 @cindex @key{Meta} key, notation for
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
106 @cindex Control-Meta characters, notation for
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
107 @cindex @kbd{C-h}, definition of
40705
421e0a91a1d1 Replace M-C- with C-M-
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40014
diff changeset
108 @cindex @kbd{C-M-h}, definition of
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
109 @cindex @key{DEL}, definition of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
110 @cindex @key{ESC}, definition of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
111 @cindex @key{LFD}, definition of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
112 @cindex @key{RET}, definition of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
113 @cindex @key{SPC}, definition of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
114 @cindex @key{TAB}, definition of
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
115 @cindex Notation for keys
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
116
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
117 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
118
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
119 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
120 @kbd{C-x}: press the @key{x} key while holding down the @key{Control} key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
121
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
122 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
123 @kbd{M-x}: press the @key{x} key while holding down the @key{Meta} key
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
124 (if your computer doesn't have a @key{Meta} key, @pxref{No Meta key})
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
125
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
126 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
127 @kbd{M-C-x}: press the @key{x} key while holding down both @key{Control}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
128 and @key{Meta}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
129
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
130 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
131 @kbd{C-M-x}: a synonym for the above
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
132
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
133 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
134 @key{LFD}: Linefeed or Newline; same as @kbd{C-j}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
135
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
136 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
137 @key{RET}: @key{Return}, sometimes marked @key{Enter}; same as @kbd{C-m}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
138
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
139 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
140 @key{DEL}: @key{Delete}, usually @strong{not} the same as
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
141 @key{Backspace}; same as @kbd{C-?} (see @ref{Backspace invokes help}, if
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
142 deleting invokes Emacs help)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
143
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
144 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
145 @key{ESC}: Escape; same as @kbd{C-[}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
146
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
147 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
148 @key{TAB}: Tab; same as @kbd{C-i}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
149
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
150 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
151 @key{SPC}: Space bar
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
152
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
153 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
154
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
155 Key sequences longer than one key (and some single-key sequences) are
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
156 written inside quotes or on lines by themselves, like this:
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
157
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
158 @display
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
159 @kbd{M-x frobnicate-while-foo RET}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
160 @end display
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
161
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
162 @noindent
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
163 Any real spaces in such a key sequence should be ignored; only @key{SPC}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
164 really means press the space key.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
165
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
166 The @acronym{ASCII} code sent by @kbd{C-x} (except for @kbd{C-?}) is the value
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
167 that would be sent by pressing just @key{x} minus 96 (or 64 for
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
168 upper-case @key{X}) and will be from 0 to 31. On Unix and GNU/Linux
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
169 terminals, the @acronym{ASCII} code sent by @kbd{M-x} is the sum of 128 and the
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
170 @acronym{ASCII} code that would be sent by pressing just @key{x}. Essentially,
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
171 @key{Control} turns off bits 5 and 6 and @key{Meta} turns on bit
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
172 7@footnote{
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
173 DOS and Windows terminals don't set bit 7 when the @key{Meta} key is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
174 pressed.}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
175
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
176 @kbd{C-?} (aka @key{DEL}) is @acronym{ASCII} code 127. It is a misnomer to call
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
177 @kbd{C-?} a ``control'' key, since 127 has both bits 5 and 6 turned ON.
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
178 Also, on very few keyboards does @kbd{C-?} generate @acronym{ASCII} code 127.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
179
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
180 @inforef{Text Characters, Text Characters, emacs}, and @inforef{Keys,
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
181 Keys, emacs}, for more information. (@xref{On-line manual}, for more
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
182 information about Info.)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
183
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
184 @node Extended commands, On-line manual, Basic keys, FAQ notation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
185 @section What does @file{M-x @var{command}} mean?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
186 @cindex Extended commands
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
187 @cindex Commands, extended
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
188 @cindex M-x, meaning of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
189
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
190 @kbd{M-x @var{command}} means type @kbd{M-x}, then type the name of the
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
191 command, then type @key{RET}. (@xref{Basic keys}, if you're not sure
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
192 what @kbd{M-x} and @key{RET} mean.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
193
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
194 @kbd{M-x} (by default) invokes the command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
195 @code{execute-extended-command}. This command allows you to run any
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
196 Emacs command if you can remember the command's name. If you can't
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
197 remember the command's name, you can type @key{TAB} and @key{SPC} for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
198 completion, @key{?} for a list of possibilities, and @kbd{M-p} and
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
199 @kbd{M-n} (or up-arrow and down-arrow on terminals that have these
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
200 editing keys) to see previous commands entered. An Emacs @dfn{command}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
201 is an @dfn{interactive} Emacs function.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
202
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
203 @cindex @key{Do} key
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
204 Your system administrator may have bound other key sequences to invoke
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
205 @code{execute-extended-command}. A function key labeled @kbd{Do} is a
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
206 good candidate for this, on keyboards that have such a key.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
207
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
208 If you need to run non-interactive Emacs functions, see @ref{Evaluating
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
209 Emacs Lisp code}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
210
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
211 @node On-line manual, File-name conventions, Extended commands, FAQ notation
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
212 @section How do I read topic XXX in the on-line manual?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
213 @cindex On-line manual, reading topics in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
214 @cindex Reading topics in the on-line manual
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
215 @cindex Finding topics in the on-line manual
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
216 @cindex Info, finding topics in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
217
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
218 When we refer you to some @var{topic} in the on-line manual, you can
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
219 read this manual node inside Emacs (assuming nothing is broken) by
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
220 typing @kbd{C-h i m emacs @key{RET} m @var{topic} @key{RET}}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
221
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
222 This invokes Info, the GNU hypertext documentation browser. If you don't
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
223 already know how to use Info, type @key{?} from within Info.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
224
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
225 If we refer to @var{topic}:@var{subtopic}, type @kbd{C-h i m emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
226 @key{RET} m @var{topic} @key{RET} m @var{subtopic} @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
227
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
228 If these commands don't work as expected, your system administrator may
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
229 not have installed the Info files, or may have installed them
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
230 improperly. In this case you should complain.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
231
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
232 @xref{Getting a printed manual}, if you would like a paper copy of the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
233 Emacs manual.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
234
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
235 @node File-name conventions, Common acronyms, On-line manual, FAQ notation
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
236 @section What are @file{etc/SERVICE}, @file{src/config.h}, and @file{lisp/default.el}?
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
237 @cindex File-name conventions
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
238 @cindex Conventions for file names
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
239 @cindex Directories and files that come with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
240
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
241 These are files that come with Emacs. The Emacs distribution is divided
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
242 into subdirectories; the important ones are @file{etc}, @file{lisp}, and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
243 @file{src}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
244
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
245 If you use Emacs, but don't know where it is kept on your system, start
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
246 Emacs, then type @kbd{C-h v data-directory @key{RET}}. The directory
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
247 name displayed by this will be the full pathname of the installed
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
248 @file{etc} directory. (This full path is recorded in the Emacs variable
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
249 @code{data-directory}, and @kbd{C-h v} displays the value and the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
250 documentation of a variable.)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
251
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
252 The location of your Info directory (i.e., where on-line documentation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
253 is stored) is kept in the variable @code{Info-default-directory-list}. Use
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
254 @kbd{C-h v Info-default-directory-list @key{RET}} to see the value of
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
255 this variable, which will be a list of directory names. The last
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
256 directory in that list is probably where most Info files are stored. By
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
257 default, Info documentation is placed in @file{/usr/local/info}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
258
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
259 Some of these files are available individually via FTP or e-mail; see
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
260 @ref{Informational files for Emacs}. They all are available in the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
261 source distribution. Many of the files in the @file{etc} directory are
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
262 also available via the Emacs @samp{Help} menu, or by typing @kbd{C-h ?}
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
263 (@kbd{M-x help-for-help}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
264
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
265 Your system administrator may have removed the @file{src} directory and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
266 many files from the @file{etc} directory.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
267
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
268 @node Common acronyms, , File-name conventions, FAQ notation
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
269 @section What are FSF, LPF, OSF, GNU, RMS, FTP, and GPL?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
270 @cindex FSF, definition of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
271 @cindex LPF, definition of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
272 @cindex OSF, definition of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
273 @cindex GNU, definition of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
274 @cindex RMS, definition of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
275 @cindex Stallman, Richard, acronym for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
276 @cindex Richard Stallman, acronym for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
277 @cindex FTP, definition of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
278 @cindex GPL, definition of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
279 @cindex Acronyms, definitions for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
280 @cindex Common acronyms, definitions for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
281
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
282 @table @asis
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
283
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
284 @item FSF
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
285 Free Software Foundation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
286
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
287 @item LPF
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
288 League for Programming Freedom
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
289
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
290 @item OSF
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
291 Open Software Foundation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
292
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
293 @item GNU
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
294 GNU's Not Unix
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
295
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
296 @item RMS
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
297 Richard Matthew Stallman
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
298
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
299 @item FTP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
300 File Transfer Protocol
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
301
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
302 @item GPL
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
303 GNU General Public License
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
304
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
305 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
306
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
307 Avoid confusing the FSF, the LPF, and the OSF. The LPF opposes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
308 look-and-feel copyrights and software patents. The FSF aims to make
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
309 high quality free software available for everyone. The OSF is a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
310 consortium of computer vendors which develops commercial software for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
311 Unix systems.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
312
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
313 The word ``free'' in the title of the Free Software Foundation refers to
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
314 ``freedom,'' not ``zero cost.'' Anyone can charge any price for
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
315 GPL-covered software that they want to. However, in practice, the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
316 freedom enforced by the GPL leads to low prices, because you can always
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
317 get the software for less money from someone else, since everyone has
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
318 the right to resell or give away GPL-covered software.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
319
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
320 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
321 @node General questions, Getting help, FAQ notation, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
322 @chapter General questions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
323 @cindex General questions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
324
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
325 This chapter contains general questions having to do with Emacs, the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
326 Free Software Foundation, and related organizations.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
327
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
328 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
329 * The LPF::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
330 * Real meaning of copyleft::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
331 * Guidelines for newsgroup postings::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
332 * Newsgroup archives::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
333 * Reporting bugs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
334 * Unsubscribing from Emacs lists::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
335 * Contacting the FSF::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
336 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
337
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
338 @node The LPF, Real meaning of copyleft, General questions, General questions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
339 @section What is the LPF?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
340 @cindex LPF, description of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
341 @cindex League for Programming Freedom
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
342 @cindex Software patents, opposition to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
343 @cindex Patents for software, opposition to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
344
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
345 The LPF opposes the expanding danger of software patents and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
346 look-and-feel copyrights. To get more information, feel free to contact
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
347 the LPF via e-mail or otherwise. You may also contact
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
348 @email{jbw@@cs.bu.edu, Joe Wells}; he will be happy to talk to you
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
349 about the LPF.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
350
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
351 You can find more information about the LPF in the file @file{etc/LPF}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
352 More papers describing the LPF's views are available on the Internet and
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
353 also from @uref{http://lpf.ai.mit.edu/, the LPF home page}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
354
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
355 @node Real meaning of copyleft, Guidelines for newsgroup postings, The LPF, General questions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
356 @section What is the real legal meaning of the GNU copyleft?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
357 @cindex Copyleft, real meaning of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
358 @cindex GPL, real meaning of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
359 @cindex General Public License, real meaning of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
360 @cindex Discussion of the GPL
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
361
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
362 The real legal meaning of the GNU General Public License (copyleft) will
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
363 only be known if and when a judge rules on its validity and scope.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
364 There has never been a copyright infringement case involving the GPL to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
365 set any precedents. Please take any discussion regarding this issue to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
366 the newsgroup @uref{news:gnu.misc.discuss}, which was created to hold the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
367 extensive flame wars on the subject.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
368
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
369 RMS writes:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
370
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
371 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
372 The legal meaning of the GNU copyleft is less important than the spirit,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
373 which is that Emacs is a free software project and that work pertaining
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
374 to Emacs should also be free software. ``Free'' means that all users
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
375 have the freedom to study, share, change and improve Emacs. To make
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
376 sure everyone has this freedom, pass along source code when you
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
377 distribute any version of Emacs or a related program, and give the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
378 recipients the same freedom that you enjoyed.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
379 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
380
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
381 @node Guidelines for newsgroup postings, Newsgroup archives, Real meaning of copyleft, General questions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
382 @section What are appropriate messages for @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help}, @uref{news:gnu.emacs.bug}, @uref{news:comp.emacs}, etc.?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
383 @cindex Newsgroups, appropriate messages for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
384 @cindex GNU newsgroups, appropriate messages for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
385 @cindex Usenet groups, appropriate messages for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
386 @cindex Mailing lists, appropriate messages for
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
387 @cindex Posting messages to newsgroups
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
388
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
389 @cindex GNU mailing lists
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
390 The file @file{etc/MAILINGLISTS} describes the purpose of each GNU
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
391 mailing list. (@xref{Informational files for Emacs}, if you want a copy
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
392 of the file.) For those lists which are gatewayed with newsgroups, it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
393 lists both the newsgroup name and the mailing list address.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
394
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
395 The newsgroup @uref{news:comp.emacs} is for discussion of Emacs programs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
396 in general. This includes Emacs along with various other
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
397 implementations, such as XEmacs, JOVE, MicroEmacs, Freemacs, MG,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
398 Unipress, CCA, and Epsilon.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
399
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
400 Many people post Emacs questions to @uref{news:comp.emacs} because they
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
401 don't receive any of the @code{gnu.*} newsgroups. Arguments have been
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
402 made both for and against posting GNU-Emacs-specific material to
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
403 @uref{news:comp.emacs}. You have to decide for yourself.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
404
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
405 Messages advocating ``non-free'' software are considered unacceptable on
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
406 any of the @code{gnu.*} newsgroups except for @uref{news:gnu.misc.discuss},
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
407 which was created to hold the extensive flame-wars on the subject.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
408 ``Non-free'' software includes any software for which the end user can't
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
409 freely modify the source code and exchange enhancements. Be careful to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
410 remove the @code{gnu.*} groups from the @samp{Newsgroups:} line when
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
411 posting a followup that recommends such software.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
412
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
413 @uref{news:gnu.emacs.bug} is a place where bug reports appear, but avoid
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
414 posting bug reports to this newsgroup directly (@pxref{Reporting bugs}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
415
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
416 @node Newsgroup archives, Reporting bugs, Guidelines for newsgroup postings, General questions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
417 @section Where can I get old postings to @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help} and other GNU groups?
43966
998074d579cf Avoid a warning from makeinfo due to a colon in an index entry.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 43960
diff changeset
418 @cindex Archived postings from @code{gnu.emacs.help}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
419 @cindex Usenet archives for GNU groups
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
420 @cindex Old Usenet postings for GNU groups
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
421
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
422 The FSF has maintained archives of all of the GNU mailing lists for many
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
423 years, although there may be some unintentional gaps in coverage. The
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
424 archive is not particularly well organized or easy to retrieve
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
425 individual postings from, but pretty much everything is there.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
426
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
427 The archive is at @uref{ftp://lists.gnu.org/}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
428
59996
aac0a33f5772 Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59713
diff changeset
429 The archive can be browsed over the web at
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
430 @uref{http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/, the GNU mail archive}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
431
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
432 Web-based Usenet search services, such as
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
433 @uref{http://groups.google.com/groups/dir?sel=33592484, Google}, also
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
434 archive the @code{gnu.*} groups.
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
435
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
436 You can read the archives of the @code{gnu.*} groups and post new
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
437 messages at @uref{http://gmane.org/, Gmane}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
438
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
439 @node Reporting bugs, Unsubscribing from Emacs lists, Newsgroup archives, General questions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
440 @section Where should I report bugs and other problems with Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
441 @cindex Bug reporting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
442 @cindex Good bug reports
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
443 @cindex How to submit a bug report
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
444 @cindex Reporting bugs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
445
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
446 The correct way to report Emacs bugs is to use the command
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
447 @kbd{M-x report-emacs-bug}. It sets up a mail buffer with the
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
448 essential information and the correct e-mail address which is
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
449 @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} for the released versions of Emacs.
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
450 Anything sent to @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} also appears in the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
451 newsgroup @uref{news:gnu.emacs.bug}, but please use e-mail instead of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
452 news to submit the bug report. This ensures a reliable return address
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
453 so you can be contacted for further details.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
454
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
455 Be sure to read the ``Bugs'' section of the Emacs manual before reporting
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
456 a bug! The manual describes in detail how to submit a useful bug
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
457 report (@pxref{Bugs, , Reporting Bugs, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}).
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
458 (@xref{On-line manual}, if you don't know how to read the manual.)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
459
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
460 RMS says:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
461
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
462 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
463 Sending bug reports to @email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} (which has the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
464 effect of posting on @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help}) is undesirable because
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
465 it takes the time of an unnecessarily large group of people, most of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
466 whom are just users and have no idea how to fix these problem.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
467 @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} reaches a much smaller group of people
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
468 who are more likely to know what to do and have expressed a wish to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
469 receive more messages about Emacs than the others.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
470 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
471
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
472 RMS says it is sometimes fine to post to @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
473
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
474 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
475 If you have reported a bug and you don't hear about a possible fix,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
476 then after a suitable delay (such as a week) it is okay to post on
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
477 @code{gnu.emacs.help} asking if anyone can help you.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
478 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
479
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
480 If you are unsure whether you have found a bug, consider the following
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
481 non-exhaustive list, courtesy of RMS:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
482
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
483 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
484 If Emacs crashes, that is a bug. If Emacs gets compilation errors
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
485 while building, that is a bug. If Emacs crashes while building, that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
486 is a bug. If Lisp code does not do what the documentation says it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
487 does, that is a bug.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
488 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
489
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
490 @node Unsubscribing from Emacs lists, Contacting the FSF, Reporting bugs, General questions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
491 @section How do I unsubscribe from this mailing list?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
492 @cindex Unsubscribing from GNU mailing lists
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
493 @cindex Removing yourself from GNU mailing lists
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
494
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
495 If you are receiving a GNU mailing list named @var{list}, you might be
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
496 able to unsubscribe from it by sending a request to the address
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
497 @email{@var{list}-request@@gnu.org}. However, this will not work if you are
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
498 not listed on the main mailing list, but instead receive the mail from a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
499 distribution point. In that case, you will have to track down at which
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
500 distribution point you are listed. Inspecting the @samp{Received} headers
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
501 on the mail messages may help, along with liberal use of the @samp{EXPN} or
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
502 @samp{VRFY} sendmail commands through @samp{telnet @var{site-address}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
503 smtp}. Ask your postmaster for help, if you cannot figure out these
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
504 details.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
505
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
506 @node Contacting the FSF, , Unsubscribing from Emacs lists, General questions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
507 @section What is the current address of the FSF?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
508 @cindex Snail mail address of the FSF
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
509 @cindex Postal address of the FSF
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
510 @cindex Contracting the FSF
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
511 @cindex Free Software Foundation, contacting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
512
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
513 @table @asis
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
514
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
515 @item E-mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
516 gnu@@gnu.org
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
517
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
518 @item Telephone
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
519 +1-617-542-5942
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
520
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
521 @item Fax
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
522 +1-617-542-2652
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
523
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
524 @item World Wide Web
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
525 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
526
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
527 @item Postal address
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
528 Free Software Foundation@*
64083
23a17af379b1 Update FSF's address.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61816
diff changeset
529 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor@*
23a17af379b1 Update FSF's address.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61816
diff changeset
530 Boston, MA 02110-1301@*
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
531 USA@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
532
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
533 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
534
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
535 @cindex Ordering GNU software
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
536 For details on how to order items directly from the FSF, see the
51449
352a8000c437 Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 50954
diff changeset
537 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html, GNU Web site}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
538
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
539 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
540 @node Getting help, Status of Emacs, General questions, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
541 @chapter Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
542 @cindex Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
543
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
544 This chapter tells you how to get help with Emacs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
545
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
546 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
547 * Basic editing::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
548 * Learning how to do something::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
549 * Getting a printed manual::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
550 * Emacs Lisp documentation::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
551 * Installing Texinfo documentation::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
552 * Printing a Texinfo file::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
553 * Viewing Info files outside of Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
554 * Informational files for Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
555 * Help installing Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
556 * Obtaining the FAQ::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
557 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
558
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
559 @node Basic editing, Learning how to do something, Getting help, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
560 @section I'm just starting Emacs; how do I do basic editing?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
561 @cindex Basic editing with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
562 @cindex Beginning editing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
563 @cindex Tutorial, invoking the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
564 @cindex Self-paced tutorial, invoking the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
565 @cindex Help system, entering the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
566
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
567 Type @kbd{C-h t} to invoke the self-paced tutorial. Just typing
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
568 @kbd{C-h} enters the help system. Starting with Emacs 22, the tutorial
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
569 is available in many foreign languages such as French, German, Japanese,
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
570 Russian, etc. Use @kbd{M-x help-with-tutorial-spec-language @key{RET}}
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
571 to choose your language and start the tutorial.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
572
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
573 Your system administrator may have changed @kbd{C-h} to act like
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
574 @key{DEL} to deal with local keyboards. You can use @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
575 help-for-help} instead to invoke help. To discover what key (if any)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
576 invokes help on your system, type @kbd{M-x where-is @key{RET}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
577 help-for-help @key{RET}}. This will print a comma-separated list of key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
578 sequences in the echo area. Ignore the last character in each key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
579 sequence listed. Each of the resulting key sequences invokes help.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
580
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
581 Emacs help works best if it is invoked by a single key whose value
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
582 should be stored in the variable @code{help-char}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
583
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
584 @node Learning how to do something, Getting a printed manual, Basic editing, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
585 @section How do I find out how to do something in Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
586 @cindex Help for Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
587 @cindex Learning to do something in Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
588 @cindex Reference card for Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
589 @cindex Overview of help systems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
590
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
591 There are several methods for finding out how to do things in Emacs.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
592
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
593 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
594
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
595 @cindex Reading the Emacs manual
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
596 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
597 The complete text of the Emacs manual is available on-line via the Info
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
598 hypertext reader. Type @kbd{C-h r} to display the manual in Info mode.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
599 Typing @key{h} immediately after entering Info will provide a short
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
600 tutorial on how to use it.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
601
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
602 @cindex Lookup a subject in a manual
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
603 @cindex Index search in a manual
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
604 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
605 To quickly locate the section of the manual which discusses a certain
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
606 issue, or describes a command or a variable, type @kbd{C-h i m emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
607 @key{RET} i @var{topic} @key{RET}}, where @var{topic} is the name of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
608 topic, the command, or the variable which you are looking for. If this
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
609 does not land you on the right place in the manual, press @kbd{,}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
610 (comma) repeatedly until you find what you need. (The @kbd{i} and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
611 @kbd{,} keys invoke the index-searching functions, which look for the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
612 @var{topic} you type in all the indices of the Emacs manual.)
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
613
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
614 @cindex Apropos
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
615 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
616 You can list all of the commands whose names contain a certain word
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
617 (actually which match a regular expression) using @kbd{C-h a} (@kbd{M-x
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
618 command-apropos}).
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
619
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
620 @cindex Command description in the manual
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
621 @item
54478
c0b7b601058f Fix help key bindings.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 52979
diff changeset
622 The command @kbd{C-h F} (@code{Info-goto-emacs-command-node}) prompts
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
623 for the name of a command, and then attempts to find the section in the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
624 Emacs manual where that command is described.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
625
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
626 @cindex Finding commands and variables
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
627 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
628 You can list all of the functions and variables whose names contain a
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
629 certain word using @kbd{M-x apropos}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
630
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
631 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
632 You can list all of the functions and variables whose documentation
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
633 matches a regular expression or a string, using @kbd{M-x
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
634 apropos-documentation}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
635
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
636 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
637 You can order a hardcopy of the manual from the FSF. @xref{Getting a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
638 printed manual}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
639
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
640 @cindex Reference cards, in other languages
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
641 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
642 You can get a printed reference card listing commands and keys to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
643 invoke them. You can order one from the FSF for $1 (or 10 for $5),
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
644 or you can print your own from the @file{etc/refcard.tex} or
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
645 @file{etc/refcard.ps} files in the Emacs distribution. Beginning with
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
646 version 21.1, the Emacs distribution comes with translations of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
647 reference card into several languages; look for files named
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
648 @file{etc/@var{lang}-refcard.*}, where @var{lang} is a two-letter code
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
649 of the language. For example, the German version of the reference card
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
650 is in the files @file{etc/de-refcard.tex} and @file{etc/de-refcard.ps}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
651
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
652 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
653 There are many other commands in Emacs for getting help and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
654 information. To get a list of these commands, type @samp{?} after
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
655 @kbd{C-h}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
656
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
657 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
658
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
659 @node Getting a printed manual, Emacs Lisp documentation, Learning how to do something, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
660 @section How do I get a printed copy of the Emacs manual?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
661 @cindex Printed Emacs manual, obtaining
40014
79d5f2aed303 (Getting a printed manual): Add an index entry for HTML version
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39551
diff changeset
662 @cindex Manual, obtaining a printed or HTML copy of
79d5f2aed303 (Getting a printed manual): Add an index entry for HTML version
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39551
diff changeset
663 @cindex Emacs manual, obtaining a printed or HTML copy of
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
664
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
665 You can order a printed copy of the Emacs manual from the FSF. For
51449
352a8000c437 Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 50954
diff changeset
666 details see the @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html, GNU Web site}.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
667
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
668 @c The number 620 below is version-dependent!
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
669 The full Texinfo source for the manual also comes in the @file{man}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
670 directory of the Emacs distribution, if you're daring enough to try to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
671 print out this 620-page manual yourself (@pxref{Printing a Texinfo
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
672 file}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
673
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
674 If you absolutely have to print your own copy, and you don't have @TeX{},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
675 you can get a PostScript version from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
676
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
677 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/emacs.ps.gz}
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
678
40014
79d5f2aed303 (Getting a printed manual): Add an index entry for HTML version
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39551
diff changeset
679 @cindex HTML version of Emacs manual, obtaining
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
680 An HTML version of the manual is at
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
681
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
682 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/emacs.html}
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
683
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
684 The manual is available in other formats at
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
685
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
686 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/}
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
687
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
688 @xref{Learning how to do something}, for how to view the manual on-line.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
689
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
690 @node Emacs Lisp documentation, Installing Texinfo documentation, Getting a printed manual, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
691 @section Where can I get documentation on Emacs Lisp?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
692 @cindex Documentation on Emacs Lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
693 @cindex Function documentation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
694 @cindex Variable documentation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
695 @cindex Emacs Lisp Reference Manual
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
696 @cindex Reference manual for Emacs Lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
697
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
698 Within Emacs, you can type @kbd{C-h f} to get the documentation for a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
699 function, @kbd{C-h v} for a variable.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
700
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
701 For more information, the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual is available
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
702 on-line, in Info format. @xref{Top, Emacs Lisp,, elisp, The
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
703 Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
704
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
705 You can also order a hardcopy of the manual, details on ordering it from
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
706 FSF are on the @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html, GNU Web site}.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
707
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
708 An HTML version of the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual is available at
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
709
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
710 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/elisp-manual/elisp.html}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
711
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
712 @node Installing Texinfo documentation, Printing a Texinfo file, Emacs Lisp documentation, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
713 @section How do I install a piece of Texinfo documentation?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
714 @cindex Texinfo documentation, installing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
715 @cindex Installing Texinfo documentation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
716 @cindex New Texinfo files, installing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
717 @cindex Documentation, installing new Texinfo files
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
718 @cindex Info files, how to install
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
719
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
720 First, you must turn the Texinfo files into Info files. You may do this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
721 using the stand-alone @file{makeinfo} program, available as part of the latest
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
722 Texinfo package at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
723
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
724 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/texinfo/texinfo-4.8.tar.gz}
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
725
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
726 and all mirrors of @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (for a list, @pxref{Current GNU
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
727 distributions}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
728
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
729 For information about the Texinfo format, read the Texinfo manual which
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
730 comes with the Texinfo package. This manual also comes installed in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
731 Info format, so you can read it on-line; type @kbd{C-h i m texinfo
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
732 @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
733
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
734 Alternatively, you could use the Emacs command @kbd{M-x
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
735 texinfo-format-buffer}, after visiting the Texinfo source file of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
736 manual you want to convert.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
737
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
738 Neither @code{texinfo-format-buffer} nor @file{makeinfo} installs the
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
739 resulting Info files in Emacs's Info tree. To install Info files,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
740 perform these steps:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
741
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
742 @enumerate
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
743 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
744 Move the files to the @file{info} directory in the installed Emacs
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
745 distribution. @xref{File-name conventions}, if you don't know where that
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
746 is.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
747
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
748 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
749 Run the @code{install-info} command, which is part of the Texinfo
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
750 distribution, to update the main Info directory menu, like this:
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
751
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
752 @example
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
753 install-info --info-dir=@var{dir-path} @var{dir-path}/@var{file}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
754 @end example
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
755
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
756 @noindent
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
757 where @var{dir-path} is the full path to the directory where you copied
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
758 the produced Info file(s), and @var{file} is the name of the Info file
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
759 you produced and want to install.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
760
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
761 If you don't have the @code{install-info} command installed, you can
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
762 edit the file @file{info/dir} in the installed Emacs distribution, and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
763 add a line for the top level node in the Info package that you are
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
764 installing. Follow the examples already in this file. The format is:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
765
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
766 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
767 * Topic: (relative-pathname). Short description of topic.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
768 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
769
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
770 @end enumerate
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
771
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
772 If you want to install Info files and you don't have the necessary
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
773 privileges, you have several options:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
774
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
775 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
776 @item
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
777 Info files don't actually need to be installed before being used.
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
778 You can use a prefix argument for the @code{info} command and specify
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
779 the name of the Info file in the minibuffer. This goes to the node
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
780 named @samp{Top} in that file. For example, to view a Info file named
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
781 @file{@var{info-file}} in your home directory, you can type this:
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
782
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
783 @example
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
784 @kbd{C-u C-h i ~/@var{info-file} @key{RET}}
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
785 @end example
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
786
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
787 Alternatively, you can feed a file name to the @code{Info-goto-node}
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
788 command (invoked by pressing @key{g} in Info mode) by typing the name
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
789 of the file in parentheses, like this:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
790
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
791 @example
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
792 @kbd{C-h i g (~/@var{info-file}) @key{RET}}
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
793 @end example
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
794
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
795 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
796 You can create your own Info directory. You can tell Emacs where that
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
797 Info directory is by adding its pathname to the value of the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
798 @code{Info-default-directory-list}. For example, to use a private Info
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
799 directory which is a subdirectory of your home directory named @file{Info},
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
800 you could put this in your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
801
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
802 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
803 (setq Info-default-directory-list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
804 (cons "~/Info" Info-default-directory-list))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
805 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
806
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
807 You will need a top-level Info file named @file{dir} in this directory
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
808 which has everything the system @file{dir} file has in it, except it should
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
809 list only entries for Info files in that directory. You might not need
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
810 it if all files in this directory were referenced by other @file{dir}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
811 files. The node lists from all @file{dir} files in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
812 @code{Info-default-directory-list} are merged by the Info system.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
813
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
814 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
815
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
816 @node Printing a Texinfo file, Viewing Info files outside of Emacs, Installing Texinfo documentation, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
817 @section How do I print a Texinfo file?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
818 @cindex Printing a Texinfo file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
819 @cindex Texinfo file, printing
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
820 @cindex Printing documentation
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
821
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
822 You can't get nicely printed output from Info files; you must still have
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
823 the original Texinfo source file for the manual you want to print.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
824
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
825 Assuming you have @TeX{} installed on your system, follow these steps:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
826
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
827 @enumerate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
828
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
829 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
830 Make sure the first line of the Texinfo file looks like this:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
831
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
832 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
833 \input texinfo
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
834 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
835
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
836 You may need to change @samp{texinfo} to the full pathname of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
837 @file{texinfo.tex} file, which comes with Emacs as
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
838 @file{man/texinfo.tex} (or copy or link it into the current directory).
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
839
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
840 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
841 Type @kbd{texi2dvi @var{texinfo-source}}, where @var{texinfo-source} is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
842 the name of the Texinfo source file for which you want to produce a
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
843 printed copy.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
844
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
845 The @samp{texi2dvi} script is part of the GNU Texinfo distribution
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
846 (@pxref{Installing Texinfo documentation}).
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
847
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
848 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
849 Print the DVI file @file{@var{texinfo-source}.dvi} in the normal way for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
850 printing DVI files at your site. For example, if you have a PostScript
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
851 printer, run the @code{dvips} program to print the DVI file on that
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
852 printer.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
853
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
854 @end enumerate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
855
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
856 To get more general instructions, retrieve the latest Texinfo package
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
857 (@pxref{Installing Texinfo documentation}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
858
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
859 @node Viewing Info files outside of Emacs, Informational files for Emacs, Printing a Texinfo file, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
860 @section Can I view Info files without using Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
861 @cindex Viewing Info files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
862 @cindex Info file viewers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
863 @cindex Alternative Info file viewers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
864
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
865 Yes. Here are some alternative programs:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
866
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
867 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
868
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
869 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
870 @code{info}, a stand-alone version of the Info program, comes as part of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
871 the Texinfo package. @xref{Installing Texinfo documentation}, for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
872 details.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
873
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
874 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
875 Xinfo, a stand-alone version of the Info program that runs under X
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
876 Window system. You can get it at
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
877 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/xinfo/xinfo-1.01.01.tar.gz} and all
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
878 mirrors of @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (see @ref{Current GNU distributions}, for a
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
879 list of mirrors).
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
880
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
881 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
882 Tkinfo, an Info viewer that runs under X Window system and uses Tcl/Tk.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
883 You can get Tkinfo at
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
884 @uref{http://math-www.uni-paderborn.de/~axel/tkinfo/}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
885
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
886 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
887
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
888 @node Informational files for Emacs, Help installing Emacs, Viewing Info files outside of Emacs, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
889 @section What informational files are available for Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
890 @cindex Informational files included with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
891 @cindex Files included with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
892 @cindex @file{COPYING}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
893 @cindex @file{DISTRIB}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
894 @cindex @file{FTP}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
895 @cindex @file{GNU}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
896 @cindex @file{INTERVIEW}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
897 @cindex @file{LPF}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
898 @cindex @file{MACHINES}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
899 @cindex @file{MAILINGLISTS}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
900 @cindex @file{NEWS}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
901 @cindex @file{SERVICE}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
902 @cindex @file{SUN-SUPPORT}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
903
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
904 This isn't a frequently asked question, but it should be! A variety of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
905 informational files about Emacs and relevant aspects of the GNU project
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
906 are available for you to read.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
907
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
908 The following files are available in the @file{etc} directory of the
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
909 Emacs distribution (see @ref{File-name conventions}, if you're not sure
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
910 where that is).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
911
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
912 @table @file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
913
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
914 @item COPYING
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
915 GNU General Public License
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
916
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
917 @item DISTRIB
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
918 Emacs Availability Information, including the popular Free Software
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
919 Foundation Order Form
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
920
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
921 @item FTP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
922 How to get GNU Software by Internet FTP or by UUCP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
923
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
924 @item GNU
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
925 The GNU Manifesto
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
926
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
927 @item INTERVIEW
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
928 Richard Stallman discusses his public-domain UNIX-compatible software
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
929 system with BYTE editors
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
930
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
931 @item LPF
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
932 Why you should join the League for Programming Freedom
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
933
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
934 @item MACHINES
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
935 Status of Emacs on Various Machines and Systems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
936
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
937 @item MAILINGLISTS
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
938 GNU Project Electronic Mailing Lists
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
939
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
940 @item NEWS
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
941 Emacs news, a history of recent user-visible changes
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
942
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
943 @item SERVICE
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
944 GNU Service Directory
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
945
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
946 @item SUN-SUPPORT
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
947 including ``Using Emacstool with GNU Emacs''
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
948
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
949 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
950
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
951 More GNU information, including back issues of the @cite{GNU's
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
952 Bulletin}, are at
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
953
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
954 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/bulletins/bulletins.html} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
955
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
956 @uref{http://www.cs.pdx.edu/~trent/gnu/gnu.html}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
957
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
958 @node Help installing Emacs, Obtaining the FAQ, Informational files for Emacs, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
959 @section Where can I get help in installing Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
960 @cindex Installation help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
961 @cindex Help installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
962
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
963 @xref{Installing Emacs}, for some basic installation hints, and see
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
964 @ref{Problems building Emacs}, or @ref{Linking with -lX11 fails}, if you
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
965 have problems with the installation.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
966
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
967 The file @file{etc/SERVICE} (see @ref{File-name conventions}, if you're
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
968 not sure where that is) lists companies and individuals willing to sell
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
969 you help in installing or using Emacs. An up-to-date version this file
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
970 is available on @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (@pxref{Informational files for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
971 Emacs}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
972
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
973 @node Obtaining the FAQ, , Help installing Emacs, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
974 @section Where can I get the latest version of this FAQ?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
975 @cindex FAQ, obtaining the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
976 @cindex Latest FAQ version, obtaining the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
977 @cindex Retrieving the latest FAQ version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
978 @cindex E-mail, retrieving the FAQ via
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
979 @cindex Web, reading the FAQ on the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
980
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
981 The Emacs FAQ is available in several ways:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
982
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
983 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
984
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
985 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
986 Inside of Emacs itself. You can get it from selecting the @samp{Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
987 FAQ} option from the @samp{Help} menu of the Emacs menu bar at the top
54478
c0b7b601058f Fix help key bindings.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 52979
diff changeset
988 of any Emacs frame, or by typing @kbd{C-h C-f} (@kbd{M-x view-emacs-FAQ}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
989
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
990 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
991 Via USENET. If you can read news, the FAQ should be available in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
992 news spool, in both the @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
993 @uref{news:comp.emacs} newsgroups. Every news reader should allow you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
994 to read any news article that is still in the news spool, even if you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
995 have read the article before. You may need to read the instructions for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
996 your news reader to discover how to do this. In @file{rn}, this command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
997 will do this for you at the article selection level:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
998
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
999 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1000 ?GNU Emacs Frequently Asked Questions?rc:m
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1001 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1002
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1003 In Gnus, you should type @kbd{C-u C-x C-s} from the @file{*Summary*}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1004 buffer or @kbd{C-u @key{SPC}} from the @file{*Newsgroup*} buffer to view
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1005 all articles in a newsgroup.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1006
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1007 If the FAQ articles have expired and have been deleted from your news
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1008 spool, it might (or might not) do some good to complain to your news
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1009 administrator, because the most recent FAQ should not expire for a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1010 while.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1011
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1012 @item
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1013 In the Emacs distribution. Since Emacs 18.56, the FAQ at the time
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1014 of release has been part of the Emacs distribution as either
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1015 @file{etc/FAQ} or @file{man/faq.texi} (@pxref{File-name conventions}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1016
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1017 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1018 Via anonymous ftp and e-mail from @file{rtfm.mit.edu} (and its mirror in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1019 Europe), the main repository for FAQs and other items posted to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1020 news.answers. The Emacs FAQs are available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1021
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1022 @uref{ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.emacs/} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1023
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1024 @uref{ftp://ftp.uni-paderborn.de/pub/doc/FAQ/comp/emacs/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1025
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1026 If you do not have access to anonymous FTP, you can access the archives
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1027 using the @file{rtfm.mit.edu} mail server. The Emacs FAQ can be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1028 retrieved by sending mail to @email{mail-server@@rtfm.mit.edu} with a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1029 blank subject and containing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1030
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1031 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1032 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/diffs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1033 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part1
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1034 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part2
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1035 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part3
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1036 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part4
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1037 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part5
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1038 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1039
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1040 For more information, send email to @email{mail-server@@rtfm.mit.edu}
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
1041 with @samp{help} and @samp{index} in the body on separate lines.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1042 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1043
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1044 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1045 @node Status of Emacs, Common requests, Getting help, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1046 @chapter Status of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1047 @cindex Status of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1048
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1049 This chapter gives you basic information about Emacs, including its
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1050 latest version status.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1051
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1052 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1053 * Origin of the term Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1054 * Latest version of Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1055 * New in Emacs 20::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1056 * New in Emacs 21::
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1057 * New in Emacs 22::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1058 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1059
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1060 @node Origin of the term Emacs, Latest version of Emacs, Status of Emacs, Status of Emacs
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1061 @section Where does the name ``Emacs'' come from?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1062 @cindex Origin of the term ``Emacs''
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1063 @cindex Emacs name origin
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1064 @cindex TECO
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1065 @cindex Original version of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1066
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1067 Emacs originally was an acronym for Editor MACroS. RMS says he ``picked
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1068 the name Emacs because @key{E} was not in use as an abbreviation on ITS at
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1069 the time.'' The first Emacs was a set of macros written in 1976 at MIT
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1070 by RMS for the editor TECO (Text Editor and COrrector, originally Tape
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1071 Editor and COrrector) under ITS on a PDP-10. RMS had already extended
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1072 TECO with a ``real-time'' full-screen mode with reprogrammable keys.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1073 Emacs was started by @email{gls@@east.sun.com, Guy Steele} as a project
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1074 to unify the many divergent TECO command sets and key bindings at MIT,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1075 and completed by RMS.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1076
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1077 Many people have said that TECO code looks a lot like line noise; you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1078 can read more at @uref{news:alt.lang.teco}. Someone has written a TECO
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1079 implementation in Emacs Lisp (to find it, see @ref{Packages that do not
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1080 come with Emacs}); it would be an interesting project to run the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1081 original TECO Emacs inside of Emacs.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1082
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1083 @cindex Why Emacs?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1084 For some not-so-serious alternative reasons for Emacs to have that
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1085 name, check out the file @file{etc/JOKES} (@pxref{File-name
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1086 conventions}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1087
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1088 @node Latest version of Emacs, New in Emacs 20, Origin of the term Emacs, Status of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1089 @section What is the latest version of Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1090 @cindex Version, latest
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1091 @cindex Latest version of Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1092
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1093 Emacs @value{VER} is the current version as of this writing.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1094
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
1095 @node New in Emacs 20, New in Emacs 21, Latest version of Emacs, Status of Emacs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1096 @section What is different about Emacs 20?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1097 @cindex Differences between Emacs 19 and Emacs 20
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1098 @cindex Emacs 20, new features in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1099
54478
c0b7b601058f Fix help key bindings.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 52979
diff changeset
1100 To find out what has changed in recent versions, type @kbd{C-h C-n}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1101 (@kbd{M-x view-emacs-news}). The oldest changes are at the bottom of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1102 the file, so you might want to read it starting there, rather than at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1103 the top.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1104
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1105 The differences between Emacs versions 18 and 19 was rather dramatic;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1106 the introduction of frames, faces, and colors on windowing systems was
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1107 obvious to even the most casual user.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1108
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1109 There are differences between Emacs versions 19 and 20 as well, but many
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1110 are more subtle or harder to find. Among the changes are the inclusion
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1111 of MULE code for languages that use non-Latin characters and for mixing
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1112 several languages in the same document; the ``Customize'' facility for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1113 modifying variables without having to use Lisp; and automatic conversion
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1114 of files from Macintosh, Microsoft, and Unix platforms.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1115
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1116 A number of older Lisp packages, such as Gnus, Supercite and the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1117 calendar/diary, have been updated and enhanced to work with Emacs 20,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1118 and are now included with the standard distribution.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1119
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1120
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1121 @node New in Emacs 21, New in Emacs 22, New in Emacs 20, Status of Emacs
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1122 @section What is different about Emacs 21?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1123 @cindex Differences between Emacs 20 and Emacs 21
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1124 @cindex Emacs 21, new features in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1125 @cindex Recently introduced features
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1126
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1127 @cindex Variable-size fonts
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1128 @cindex Toolbar support
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1129 Emacs 21 features a thorough rewrite of the display engine. The new
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1130 display engine supports variable-size fonts, images, and can play sounds
46918
82d113655734 Minor spelling and grammar corrections.
Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>
parents: 46655
diff changeset
1131 on platforms which support that. As a result, the visual appearance of
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1132 Emacs, when it runs on a windowed display, is much more reminiscent of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1133 modern GUI programs, and includes 3D widgets (used for the mode line and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1134 the scroll bars), a configurable and extensible toolbar, tooltips
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1135 (a.k.a.@: balloon help), and other niceties.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1136
36842
654b53bab583 Change "character terminal" to "text-only terminal".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36515
diff changeset
1137 @cindex Colors on text-only terminals
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1138 @cindex TTY colors
36842
654b53bab583 Change "character terminal" to "text-only terminal".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36515
diff changeset
1139 In addition, Emacs 21 supports faces on text-only terminals. This means
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1140 that you can now have colors when you run Emacs on a GNU/Linux console
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1141 and on @code{xterm} with @kbd{emacs -nw}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1142
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
1143 @node New in Emacs 22, , New in Emacs 21, Status of Emacs
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1144 @section What is different about Emacs 22?
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1145 @cindex Differences between Emacs 21 and Emacs 22
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1146 @cindex Emacs 22, new features in
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1147 @cindex Recently introduced features
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1148
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1149 @c FIXME: Improve this node before the 22.1 release.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1150 @cindex Default features
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1151 Font-lock mode, auto-compression mode, and file name shadow mode are now
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1152 enabled by default. It is now possible to follow links with
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1153 @kbd{mouse-1}.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1154
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1155 @cindex Supported systems
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1156 Emacs 22 features support for GNU/Linux systems on S390 and X86-64
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1157 machines, as well as support for the Mac OS X and Cygwin operating
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1158 systems.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1159
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1160 @cindex GTK+ Toolkit
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1161 @cindex Drag-and-drop
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1162 @cindex Mouse wheel
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1163 Emacs can now be built with GTK+ widgets, and supports drag-and-drop
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1164 operation on X. Mouse wheel support is now enabled by default.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1165
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1166 @cindex New modes
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1167 Many new modes and packages have been included in Emacs, such as Leim,
68451
fc745b05e928 Revision: emacs@sv.gnu.org/emacs--devo--0--patch-22
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 67892
diff changeset
1168 Calc, Tramp and URL, as well as IDO, CUA, rcirc, ERC, conf-mode,
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
1169 python-mode, table, tumme, SES, ruler, Flymake, Org, PGG, etc.
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1170
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1171 @cindex Documentation
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1172 @cindex Emacs Lisp Manual
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1173 In addition, Emacs 22 now includes the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1174 (@pxref{Emacs Lisp documentation}) and the Emacs Lisp Intro.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1175
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1176 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1177 @node Common requests, Bugs and problems, Status of Emacs, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1178 @chapter Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1179 @cindex Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1180
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1181 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1182 * Setting up a customization file::
67892
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1183 * Using Customize::
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
1184 * Colors on a TTY::
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1185 * Debugging a customization file::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1186 * Displaying the current line or column::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1187 * Displaying the current file name in the titlebar::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1188 * Turning on abbrevs by default::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1189 * Associating modes with files::
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1190 * Highlighting a region::
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1191 * Replacing highlighted text::
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1192 * Controlling case sensitivity::
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1193 * Working with unprintable characters::
68735
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1194 * Searching for/replacing newlines::
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1195 * Yanking text in isearch::
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
1196 * Wrapping words automatically::
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1197 * Turning on auto-fill by default::
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1198 * Spell-checkers::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1199 * Checking TeX and *roff documents::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1200 * Changing load-path::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1201 * Using an already running Emacs process::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1202 * Compiler error messages::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1203 * Indenting switch statements::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1204 * Customizing C and C++ indentation::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1205 * Horizontal scrolling::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1206 * Overwrite mode::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1207 * Turning off beeping::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1208 * Turning the volume down::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1209 * Automatic indentation::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1210 * Matching parentheses::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1211 * Hiding #ifdef lines::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1212 * Repeating commands::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1213 * Valid X resources::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1214 * Evaluating Emacs Lisp code::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1215 * Changing the length of a Tab::
68735
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1216 * Inserting text at the beginning of each line::
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1217 * Underlining paragraphs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1218 * Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1219 * Forcing Emacs to iconify itself::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1220 * Using regular expressions::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1221 * Replacing text across multiple files::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1222 * Documentation for etags::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1223 * Disabling backups::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1224 * Disabling auto-save-mode::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1225 * Going to a line by number::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1226 * Modifying pull-down menus::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1227 * Deleting menus and menu options::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1228 * Turning on syntax highlighting::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1229 * Scrolling only one line::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1230 * Editing MS-DOS files::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1231 * Filling paragraphs with a single space::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1232 * Escape sequences in shell output::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1233 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1234
67892
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1235 @node Setting up a customization file, Using Customize, Common requests, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1236 @section How do I set up a @file{.emacs} file properly?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1237 @cindex @file{.emacs} file, setting up
50791
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
1238 @cindex @file{.emacs} file, locating
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1239 @cindex Init file, setting up
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1240 @cindex Customization file, setting up
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1241
50475
b65aa1d740eb Fix cross references.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 49429
diff changeset
1242 @inforef{Init File, Init File, emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1243
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1244 In general, new Emacs users should not have @file{.emacs} files, because
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1245 it causes confusing non-standard behavior. Then they send questions to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1246 @email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} asking why Emacs isn't behaving as
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1247 documented.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1248
67892
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1249 Beginning with version 20.1, Emacs includes the new Customize facility
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1250 (@pxref{Using Customize}). This allows users who are unfamiliar with
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1251 Emacs Lisp to modify their @file{.emacs} files in a relatively
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1252 straightforward way, using menus rather than Lisp code. Most packages
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1253 support Customize as of this writing.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1254
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1255 While Customize might indeed make it easier to configure Emacs,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1256 consider taking a bit of time to learn Emacs Lisp and modifying your
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1257 @file{.emacs} directly. Simple configuration options are described
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1258 rather completely in @inforef{Init File, Init File, emacs}, for users
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1259 interested in performing frequently requested, basic tasks.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1260
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1261 Sometimes users are unsure as to where their @file{.emacs} file should
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1262 be found. Visiting the file as @file{~/.emacs} from Emacs will find
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1263 the correct file.
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1264
67892
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1265 @node Using Customize, Colors on a TTY, Setting up a customization file, Common requests
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1266 @section How do I start using Customize?
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1267 @cindex Customize groups
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1268 @cindex Customizing variables
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1269 @cindex Customizing faces
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1270
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1271 The main Customize entry point is @kbd{M-x customize @key{RET}}. This
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1272 command takes you to a buffer listing all the available Customize
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1273 groups. From there, you can access all customizable options and faces,
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1274 change their values, and save your changes to your init file.
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1275 @inforef{Easy Customization, Easy Customization, emacs}.
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1276
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1277 If you know the name of the group in advance (e.g. ``shell''), use
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1278 @kbd{M-x customize-group @key{RET}}.
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1279
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1280 If you wish to customize a single option, use @kbd{M-x customize-option
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1281 @key{RET}}. This command prompts you for the name of the option to
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1282 customize, with completion.
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1283
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1284 @node Colors on a TTY, Debugging a customization file, Using Customize, Common requests
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1285 @section How do I get colors and syntax highlighting on a TTY?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1286 @cindex Colors on a TTY
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1287 @cindex Syntax highlighting on a TTY
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1288 @cindex Console, colors
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1289
43960
397a4490dc38 Fix some URLs, the Copyright years, and the Emacs version.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 42674
diff changeset
1290 In Emacs 21.1 and later, colors and faces are supported in non-windowed mode,
36842
654b53bab583 Change "character terminal" to "text-only terminal".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36515
diff changeset
1291 i.e.@: on Unix and GNU/Linux text-only terminals and consoles, and when
68842
7b3e08c6ecc2 (Colors on a TTY): Mention Mac OS port.
YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
parents: 68836
diff changeset
1292 invoked as @samp{emacs -nw} on X, MS-Windows, and Mac. (Colors and faces were
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1293 supported in the MS-DOS port since Emacs 19.29.) Emacs automatically
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1294 detects color support at startup and uses it if available. If you think
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1295 that your terminal supports colors, but Emacs won't use them, check the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1296 @code{termcap} entry for your display type for color-related
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1297 capabilities.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1298
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1299 The command @kbd{M-x list-colors-display} pops up a window which
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1300 exhibits all the colors Emacs knows about on the current display.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1301
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1302 Syntax highlighting is on by default since version 22.1.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1303
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1304 @node Debugging a customization file, Displaying the current line or column, Colors on a TTY, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1305 @section How do I debug a @file{.emacs} file?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1306 @cindex Debugging @file{.emacs} file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1307 @cindex @file{.emacs} debugging
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1308 @cindex Init file debugging
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1309 @cindex @samp{-debug-init} option
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1310
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1311 Start Emacs with the @samp{-debug-init} command-line option. This
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1312 enables the Emacs Lisp debugger before evaluating your @file{.emacs}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1313 file, and places you in the debugger if something goes wrong. The top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1314 line in the @file{trace-back} buffer will be the error message, and the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1315 second or third line of that buffer will display the Lisp code from your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1316 @file{.emacs} file that caused the problem.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1317
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1318 You can also evaluate an individual function or argument to a function
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1319 in your @file{.emacs} file by moving the cursor to the end of the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1320 function or argument and typing @kbd{C-x C-e} (@kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1321 eval-last-sexp}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1322
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1323 Use @kbd{C-h v} (@kbd{M-x describe-variable}) to check the value of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1324 variables which you are trying to set or use.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1325
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1326 @node Displaying the current line or column, Displaying the current file name in the titlebar, Debugging a customization file, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1327 @section How do I make Emacs display the current line (or column) number?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1328 @cindex @code{line-number-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1329 @cindex Displaying the current line or column
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1330 @cindex Line number, displaying the current
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1331 @cindex Column, displaying the current
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1332 @cindex @code{mode-line-format}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1333
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1334 To have Emacs automatically display the current line number of the point
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1335 in the mode line, do @kbd{M-x line-number-mode}. You can also put the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1336 form
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1337
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1338 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1339 (setq line-number-mode t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1340 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1341
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1342 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1343 in your @file{.emacs} file to achieve this whenever you start Emacs.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1344 (Line number display is on by default, unless your site-specific
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1345 initialization disables it.) Note that Emacs will not display the line
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1346 number if the buffer's size in bytes is larger than the value of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1347 variable @code{line-number-display-limit}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1348
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1349 As of Emacs 20, you can similarly display the current column with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1350 @kbd{M-x column-number-mode}, or by putting the form
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1351
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1352 @lisp
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1353 (setq column-number-mode t)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1354 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1355
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1356 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1357 in your @file{.emacs} file.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1358
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1359 The @code{"%c"} format specifier in the variable @code{mode-line-format}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1360 will insert the current column's value into the mode line. See the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1361 documentation for @code{mode-line-format} (using @kbd{C-h v
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1362 mode-line-format @key{RET}}) for more information on how to set and use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1363 this variable.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1364
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1365 Users of all Emacs versions can display the current column using the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1366 @samp{column} package written by @email{abraham@@dina.kvl.dk, Per
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1367 Abrahamsen}. @xref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}, for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1368 instructions on how to get it.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1369
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1370 @cindex Set number capability in @code{vi} emulators
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1371 None of the @code{vi} emulation modes provide the ``set number''
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1372 capability of @code{vi} (as far as we know). The @samp{setnu} package
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1373 written by @email{kyle@@wonderworks.com, Kyle Jones} provides this
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1374 feature. So too does @samp{wb-line-number}, written by
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1375 @email{naoki.y.nakamura@@nifty.com, Naoki Nakamura}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1376
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1377 @node Displaying the current file name in the titlebar, Turning on abbrevs by default, Displaying the current line or column, Common requests
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1378 @section How can I modify the titlebar to contain the current file name?
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1379 @cindex Titlebar, displaying the current file name in
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1380 @cindex File name, displaying in the titlebar
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1381 @cindex @code{frame-title-format}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1382
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1383 The contents of an Emacs frame's titlebar is controlled by the variable
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1384 @code{frame-title-format}, which has the same structure as the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1385 @code{mode-line-format}. (Use @kbd{C-h v} or @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1386 describe-variable} to get information about one or both of these
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1387 variables.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1388
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1389 By default, the titlebar for a frame does contain the name of the buffer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1390 currently being visited, except if there is a single frame. In such a
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1391 case, the titlebar contains Emacs invocation name and the name of the
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1392 machine at which Emacs was invoked. This is done by setting
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1393 @code{frame-title-format} to the default value of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1394
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1395 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1396 (multiple-frames "%b" ("" invocation-name "@@" system-name))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1397 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1398
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1399 To modify the behavior such that frame titlebars contain the buffer's
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1400 name regardless of the number of existing frames, include the following
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1401 in your @file{.emacs}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1402
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1403 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1404 (setq frame-title-format "%b")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1405 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1406
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1407 @node Turning on abbrevs by default, Associating modes with files, Displaying the current file name in the titlebar, Common requests
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1408 @section How do I turn on abbrevs by default just in mode @var{mymode}?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1409 @cindex Abbrevs, turning on by default
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1410
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1411 Put this in your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1412
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1413 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1414 (condition-case ()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1415 (quietly-read-abbrev-file)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1416 (file-error nil))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1417
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1418 (add-hook '@var{mymode}-mode-hook
28344
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
1419 (lambda ()
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
1420 (setq abbrev-mode t)))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1421 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1422
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1423 Starting with Emacs 22, the standard abbrevs file is read automatically
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1424 at startup, so the first of these two forms becomes unnecessary.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1425
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1426 @node Associating modes with files, Highlighting a region, Turning on abbrevs by default, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1427 @section How do I make Emacs use a certain major mode for certain files?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1428 @cindex Associating modes with files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1429 @cindex File extensions and modes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1430 @cindex @code{auto-mode-alist}, modifying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1431 @cindex Modes, associating with file extensions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1432
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1433 If you want to use a certain mode @var{foo} for all files whose names end
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1434 with the extension @file{.@var{bar}}, this will do it for you:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1435
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1436 @lisp
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1437 (setq auto-mode-alist (cons '("\\.@var{bar}\\'" . @var{foo}-mode) auto-mode-alist))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1438 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1439
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1440 Otherwise put this somewhere in the first line of any file you want to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1441 edit in the mode @var{foo} (in the second line, if the first line begins
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1442 with @samp{#!}):
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1443
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1444 @example
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1445 -*- @var{foo} -*-
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1446 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1447
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1448 @cindex Major mode for shell scripts
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1449 Beginning with Emacs 19, the variable @code{interpreter-mode-alist}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1450 specifies which mode to use when loading a shell script. (Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1451 determines which interpreter you're using by examining the first line of
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1452 the script.) This feature only applies when the file name doesn't
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1453 indicate which mode to use. Use @kbd{C-h v} (or @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1454 describe-variable}) on @code{interpreter-mode-alist} to learn more.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1455
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1456 @node Highlighting a region, Replacing highlighted text, Associating modes with files, Common requests
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1457 @section How can I highlight a region of text in Emacs?
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1458 @cindex Highlighting text
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1459 @cindex Text, highlighting
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1460 @cindex @code{transient-mark-mode}
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1461 @cindex Region, highlighting a
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1462
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1463 You can cause the region to be highlighted when the mark is active by
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1464 including
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1465
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1466 @lisp
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1467 (transient-mark-mode t)
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1468 @end lisp
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1469
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1470 @noindent
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1471 in your @file{.emacs} file.
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1472
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1473 @node Replacing highlighted text, Controlling case sensitivity, Highlighting a region, Common requests
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1474 @section How can I replace highlighted text with what I type?
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1475 @cindex @code{delete-selection-mode}
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1476 @cindex Replacing highlighted text
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1477 @cindex Highlighting and replacing text
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1478
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1479 Use @code{delete-selection-mode}, which you can start automatically by
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1480 placing the following Lisp form in your @file{.emacs} file:
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1481
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1482 @lisp
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1483 (delete-selection-mode 1)
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1484 @end lisp
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1485
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1486 According to the documentation string for @code{delete-selection-mode}
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1487 (which you can read using @kbd{M-x describe-function @key{RET}
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1488 delete-selection-mode @key{RET}}):
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1489
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1490 @quotation
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1491 When ON, typed text replaces the selection if the selection is active.
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1492 When OFF, typed text is just inserted at point.
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1493 @end quotation
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1494
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1495 This mode also allows you to delete (not kill) the highlighted region by
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1496 pressing @key{DEL}.
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1497
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1498 @node Controlling case sensitivity, Working with unprintable characters, Replacing highlighted text, Common requests
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1499 @section How do I control Emacs's case-sensitivity when searching/replacing?
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1500 @cindex @code{case-fold-search}
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1501 @cindex Case sensitivity of searches
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1502 @cindex Searching without case sensitivity
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1503 @cindex Ignoring case in searches
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1504
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1505 For searching, the value of the variable @code{case-fold-search}
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1506 determines whether they are case sensitive:
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1507
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1508 @lisp
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1509 (setq case-fold-search nil) ; make searches case sensitive
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1510 (setq case-fold-search t) ; make searches case insensitive
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1511 @end lisp
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1512
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1513 @cindex Case sensitivity in replacements
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1514 @cindex Replacing, and case sensitivity
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1515 @cindex @code{case-replace}
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1516 Similarly, for replacing, the variable @code{case-replace} determines
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1517 whether replacements preserve case.
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1518
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1519 You can also toggle case sensitivity at will in isearch with @kbd{M-c}.
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1520
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1521 To change the case sensitivity just for one major mode, use the major
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1522 mode's hook. For example:
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1523
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1524 @lisp
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1525 (add-hook '@var{foo}-mode-hook
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1526 (lambda ()
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1527 (setq case-fold-search nil)))
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1528 @end lisp
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1529
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1530 @node Working with unprintable characters, Searching for/replacing newlines, Controlling case sensitivity, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1531 @section How do I search for, delete, or replace unprintable (eight-bit or control) characters?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1532 @cindex Unprintable characters, working with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1533 @cindex Working with unprintable characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1534 @cindex Control characters, working with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1535 @cindex Eight-bit characters, working with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1536 @cindex Searching for unprintable characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1537 @cindex Regexps and unprintable characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1538
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1539 To search for a single character that appears in the buffer as, for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1540 example, @samp{\237}, you can type @kbd{C-s C-q 2 3 7}. (This assumes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1541 the value of @code{search-quote-char} is 17 (i.e., @kbd{C-q}).)
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1542 Searching for @strong{all} unprintable characters is best done with a
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1543 regular expression (@dfn{regexp}) search. The easiest regexp to use for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1544 the unprintable chars is the complement of the regexp for the printable
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1545 chars.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1546
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1547 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1548
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1549 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1550 Regexp for the printable chars: @samp{[\t\n\r\f -~]}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1551
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1552 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1553 Regexp for the unprintable chars: @samp{[^\t\n\r\f -~]}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1554
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1555 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1556
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1557 To type these special characters in an interactive argument to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1558 @code{isearch-forward-regexp} or @code{re-search-forward}, you need to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1559 use @kbd{C-q}. (@samp{\t}, @samp{\n}, @samp{\r}, and @samp{\f} stand
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1560 respectively for @key{TAB}, @key{LFD}, @key{RET}, and @kbd{C-l}.) So,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1561 to search for unprintable characters using @code{re-search-forward}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1562
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1563 @kbd{M-x re-search-forward @key{RET} [^ @key{TAB} C-q @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~] @key{RET}}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1564
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1565 Using @code{isearch-forward-regexp}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1566
40705
421e0a91a1d1 Replace M-C- with C-M-
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40014
diff changeset
1567 @kbd{C-M-s [^ @key{TAB} @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~]}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1568
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1569 To delete all unprintable characters, simply use replace-regexp:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1570
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1571 @kbd{M-x replace-regexp @key{RET} [^ @key{TAB} C-q @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~] @key{RET} @key{RET}}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1572
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1573 Replacing is similar to the above. To replace all unprintable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1574 characters with a colon, use:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1575
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1576 M-x replace-regexp @key{RET} [^ @key{TAB} C-q @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~] @key{RET} : @key{RET}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1577
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1578 @node Searching for/replacing newlines, Yanking text in isearch, Working with unprintable characters, Common requests
68735
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1579 @section How do I input a newline character in isearch or query-replace?
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1580 @cindex Searching for newlines
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1581 @cindex Replacing newlines
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1582
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1583 Use @kbd{C-q C-j}. For more information, see @inforef{Special Isearch,
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1584 Special Input for Incremental Search, emacs}.
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1585
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1586
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1587 @node Yanking text in isearch, Wrapping words automatically, Searching for/replacing newlines, Common requests
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1588 @section How do I copy text from the kill ring into the search string?
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1589 @cindex Yanking text into the search string
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1590 @cindex isearch yanking
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1591
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1592 Use @kbd{M-y}. @inforef{Isearch Yank, Isearch Yanking, emacs}.
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1593
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1594 @node Wrapping words automatically, Turning on auto-fill by default, Yanking text in isearch, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1595 @section How do I make Emacs wrap words for me?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1596 @cindex Wrapping word automatically
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1597 @cindex Wrapping lines
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1598 @cindex Line wrap
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1599 @cindex @code{auto-fill-mode}, introduction to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1600 @cindex Maximum line width, default value
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1601 @cindex @code{fill-column}, default value
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1602
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1603 Use @code{auto-fill-mode}, activated by typing @kbd{M-x auto-fill-mode}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1604 The default maximum line width is 70, determined by the variable
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1605 @code{fill-column}. To learn how to turn this on automatically, see
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1606 @ref{Turning on auto-fill by default}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1607
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1608 @node Turning on auto-fill by default, Spell-checkers, Wrapping words automatically, Common requests
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1609 @section How do I turn on @code{auto-fill-mode} by default?
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1610 @cindex @code{auto-fill-mode}, activating automatically
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1611 @cindex Filling automatically
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1612 @cindex Automatic entry to @code{auto-fill-mode}
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1613
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1614 To turn on @code{auto-fill-mode} just once for one buffer, use @kbd{M-x
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1615 auto-fill-mode}.
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1616
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1617 To turn it on for every buffer in a certain mode, you must use the hook
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1618 for that mode. For example, to turn on @code{auto-fill} mode for all
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1619 text buffers, including the following in your @file{.emacs} file:
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1620
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1621 @lisp
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1622 (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-auto-fill)
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1623 @end lisp
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1624
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1625 If you want @code{auto-fill} mode on in all major modes, do this:
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1626
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1627 @lisp
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1628 (setq-default auto-fill-function 'do-auto-fill)
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1629 @end lisp
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1630
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1631 @node Spell-checkers, Checking TeX and *roff documents, Turning on auto-fill by default, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1632 @section Where can I get a better spelling checker for Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1633 @cindex Checking spelling
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1634 @cindex Spelling, checking text documents
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1635
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1636 Use Ispell. @xref{Ispell}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1637
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1638 @node Checking TeX and *roff documents, Changing load-path, Spell-checkers, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1639 @section How can I spell-check @TeX{} or *roff documents?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1640 @cindex Spelling, checking @TeX{} documents
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1641 @cindex @TeX{} documents, checking spelling in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1642
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1643 Use Ispell. Ispell can handle @TeX{} and *roff documents.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1644 @xref{Ispell}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1645
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1646 @node Changing load-path, Using an already running Emacs process, Checking TeX and *roff documents, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1647 @section How do I change @code{load-path}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1648 @cindex @code{load-path}, modifying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1649 @cindex Modifying @code{load-path}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1650 @cindex Adding to @code{load-path}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1651
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1652 In general, you should only add to the @code{load-path}. You can add
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1653 directory @var{/dir/subdir} to the load path like this:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1654
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1655 @lisp
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1656 (setq load-path (cons "/dir/subdir/" load-path))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1657 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1658
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1659 To do this relative to your home directory:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1660
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1661 @lisp
59402
7497bd0e03ee (Changing load-path): Fix typo.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56833
diff changeset
1662 (setq load-path (cons "~/mysubdir/" load-path))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1663 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1664
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1665 @node Using an already running Emacs process, Compiler error messages, Changing load-path, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1666 @section How do I use an already running Emacs from another window?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1667 @cindex @code{emacsclient}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1668 @cindex Emacs server functions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1669 @cindex Using an existing Emacs process
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1670
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1671 @code{emacsclient}, which comes with Emacs, is for editing a file using
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1672 an already running Emacs rather than starting up a new Emacs. It does
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1673 this by sending a request to the already running Emacs, which must be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1674 expecting the request.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1675
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1676 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1677
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1678 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1679 Setup:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1680
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1681 Emacs must have executed the @code{server-start} function for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1682 @samp{emacsclient} to work. This can be done either by a command line
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1683 option:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1684
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1685 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1686 emacs -f server-start
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1687 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1688
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1689 or by invoking @code{server-start} from @file{.emacs}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1690
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1691 @lisp
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1692 (if (@var{some conditions are met}) (server-start))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1693 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1694
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1695 When this is done, Emacs creates a Unix domain socket named
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1696 @file{server} in @file{/tmp/emacs@var{userid}}. See
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1697 @code{server-socket-dir}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1698
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1699 To get your news reader, mail reader, etc., to invoke
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1700 @samp{emacsclient}, try setting the environment variable @code{EDITOR}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1701 (or sometimes @code{VISUAL}) to the value @samp{emacsclient}. You may
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1702 have to specify the full pathname of the @samp{emacsclient} program
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1703 instead. Examples:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1704
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1705 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1706 # csh commands:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1707 setenv EDITOR emacsclient
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1708
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1709 # using full pathname
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1710 setenv EDITOR /usr/local/emacs/etc/emacsclient
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1711
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1712 # sh command:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1713 EDITOR=emacsclient ; export EDITOR
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1714 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1715
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1716 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1717 Normal use:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1718
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1719 When @samp{emacsclient} is run, it connects to the socket and passes its
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1720 command line options to Emacs, which at the next opportunity will visit
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1721 the files specified. (Line numbers can be specified just like with
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1722 Emacs.) The user will have to switch to the Emacs window by hand. When
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1723 the user is done editing a file, the user can type @kbd{C-x #} (or
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1724 @kbd{M-x server-edit}) to indicate this. If there is another buffer
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1725 requested by @code{emacsclient}, Emacs will switch to it; otherwise
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1726 @code{emacsclient} will exit, signaling the calling program to continue.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1727
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1728 @cindex @code{gnuserv}
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1729 There is an enhanced version of @samp{emacsclient} called
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1730 @samp{gnuserv}, written by @email{ange@@hplb.hpl.hp.com, Andy Norman}
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1731 (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). @samp{gnuserv} uses
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1732 Internet domain sockets, so it can work across most network connections.
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1733
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1734 The most recent @samp{gnuserv} package is available at
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1735
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1736 @uref{http://meltin.net/hacks/emacs/}
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1737
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1738 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1739
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1740 @node Compiler error messages, Indenting switch statements, Using an already running Emacs process, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1741 @section How do I make Emacs recognize my compiler's funny error messages?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1742 @cindex Compiler error messages, recognizing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1743 @cindex Recognizing non-standard compiler errors
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1744 @cindex Regexps for recognizing compiler errors
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1745 @cindex Errors, recognizing compiler
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1746
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1747 Customize the @code{compilation-error-regexp-alist} variable.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1748
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1749 @node Indenting switch statements, Customizing C and C++ indentation, Compiler error messages, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1750 @section How do I change the indentation for @code{switch}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1751 @cindex @code{switch}, indenting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1752 @cindex Indenting of @code{switch}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1753
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1754 Many people want to indent their @code{switch} statements like this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1755
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1756 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1757 f()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1758 @{
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1759 switch(x) @{
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1760 case A:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1761 x1;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1762 break;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1763 case B:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1764 x2;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1765 break;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1766 default:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1767 x3;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1768 @}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1769 @}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1770 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1771
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1772 The solution at first appears to be: set @code{c-indent-level} to 4 and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1773 @code{c-label-offset} to -2. However, this will give you an indentation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1774 spacing of four instead of two.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1775
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1776 The @emph{real} solution is to use @code{cc-mode} (the default mode for
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1777 C programming in Emacs 20 and later) and add the following line to your
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1778 @file{.emacs}:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1779
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1780 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1781 (c-set-offset 'case-label '+)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1782 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1783
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1784 There appears to be no way to do this with the old @code{c-mode}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1785
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1786 @node Customizing C and C++ indentation, Horizontal scrolling, Indenting switch statements, Common requests
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1787 @section How to customize indentation in C, C@t{++}, and Java buffers?
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1788 @cindex Indentation, how to customize
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1789 @cindex Customize indentation
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1790
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1791 The Emacs @code{cc-mode} features an interactive procedure for
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1792 customizing the indentation style, which is fully explained in the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1793 @cite{CC Mode} manual that is part of the Emacs distribution, see
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1794 @ref{Customizing Indentation, , Customization Indentation, ccmode,
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1795 The CC Mode Manual}. Here's a short summary of the procedure:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1796
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1797 @enumerate
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1798 @item
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1799 Go to the beginning of the first line where you don't like the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1800 indentation and type @kbd{C-c C-o}. Emacs will prompt you for the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1801 syntactic symbol; type @key{RET} to accept the default it suggests.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1802
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1803 @item
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1804 Emacs now prompts for the offset of this syntactic symbol, showing the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1805 default (the current definition) inside parentheses. You can choose
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1806 one of these:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1807
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1808 @table @code
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1809 @item 0
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1810 No extra indentation.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1811 @item +
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1812 Indent one basic offset.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1813 @item -
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1814 Outdent one basic offset.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1815 @item ++
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1816 Indent two basic offsets
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1817 @item --
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1818 Outdent two basic offsets.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1819 @item *
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1820 Indent half basic offset.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1821 @item /
37079
dc7cb733ffc7 Fix a typo in the last change.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36977
diff changeset
1822 Outdent half basic offset.
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1823 @end table
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1824
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1825 @item
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1826 After choosing one of these symbols, type @kbd{C-c C-q} to reindent
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1827 the line or the block according to what you just specified.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1828
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1829 @item
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1830 If you don't like the result, go back to step 1. Otherwise, add the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1831 following line to your @file{.emacs}:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1832
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1833 @lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1834 (c-set-offset '@var{syntactic-symbol} @var{offset})
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1835 @end lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1836
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1837 @noindent
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1838 where @var{syntactic-symbol} is the name Emacs shows in the minibuffer
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1839 when you type @kbd{C-c C-o} at the beginning of the line, and
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1840 @var{offset} is one of the indentation symbols listed above (@code{+},
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1841 @code{/}, @code{0}, etc.) that you've chosen during the interactive
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1842 procedure.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1843
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1844 @item
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1845 Go to the next line whose indentation is not to your liking and repeat
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1846 the process there.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1847 @end enumerate
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1848
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1849 It is recommended to put all the resulting @code{(c-set-offset ...)}
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1850 customizations inside a C mode hook, like this:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1851
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1852 @lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1853 (defun my-c-mode-hook ()
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1854 (c-set-offset ...)
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1855 (c-set-offset ...))
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1856 (add-hook 'c-mode-hook 'my-c-mode-hook)
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1857 @end lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1858
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1859 @noindent
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1860 Using @code{c-mode-hook} avoids the need to put a @w{@code{(require
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1861 'cc-mode)}} into your @file{.emacs} file, because @code{c-set-offset}
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1862 might be unavailable when @code{cc-mode} is not loaded.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1863
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1864 Note that @code{c-mode-hook} runs for C source files only; use
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1865 @code{c++-mode-hook} for C@t{++} sources, @code{java-mode-hook} for
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1866 Java sources, etc. If you want the same customizations to be in
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1867 effect in @emph{all} languages supported by @code{cc-mode}, use
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1868 @code{c-mode-common-hook}.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1869
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1870 @node Horizontal scrolling, Overwrite mode, Customizing C and C++ indentation, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1871 @section How can I make Emacs automatically scroll horizontally?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1872 @cindex @code{hscroll-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1873 @cindex Horizontal scrolling
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1874 @cindex Scrolling horizontally
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1875
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1876 In Emacs 21 and later, this is on by default: if the variable
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1877 @code{truncate-lines} is non-@code{nil} in the current buffer, Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1878 automatically scrolls the display horizontally when point moves off the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1879 left or right edge of the window.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1880
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
1881 Note that this is overridden by the variable
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
1882 @code{truncate-partial-width-windows} if that variable is non-nil
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
1883 and the current buffer is not full-frame width.
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
1884
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1885 In Emacs 20, use the @code{hscroll-mode}. Here is some information from
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1886 the documentation, available by typing @kbd{C-h f hscroll-mode @key{RET}}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1887
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1888 Automatically scroll horizontally when the point moves off the
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1889 left or right edge of the window.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1890
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1891 @itemize @minus
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1892 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1893 Type @kbd{M-x hscroll-mode} to enable it in the current buffer.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1894
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1895 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1896 Type @kbd{M-x hscroll-global-mode} to enable it in every buffer.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1897
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1898 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1899 @code{turn-on-hscroll} is useful in mode hooks as in:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1900
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1901 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1902 (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-hscroll)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1903 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1904
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1905 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1906 @code{hscroll-margin} controls how close the cursor can get to the
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1907 edge of the window.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1908
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1909 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1910 @code{hscroll-step-percent} controls how far to jump once we decide to do so.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1911 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1912
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1913 @node Overwrite mode, Turning off beeping, Horizontal scrolling, Common requests
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
1914 @section How do I make Emacs ``typeover'' or ``overwrite'' instead of inserting?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1915 @cindex @key{Insert}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1916 @cindex @code{overwrite-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1917 @cindex Overwriting existing text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1918 @cindex Toggling @code{overwrite-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1919
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1920 @kbd{M-x overwrite-mode} (a minor mode). This toggles
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1921 @code{overwrite-mode} on and off, so exiting from @code{overwrite-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1922 is as easy as another @kbd{M-x overwrite-mode}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1923
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1924 On some systems, @key{Insert} toggles @code{overwrite-mode} on and off.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1925
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1926 @node Turning off beeping, Turning the volume down, Overwrite mode, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1927 @section How do I stop Emacs from beeping on a terminal?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1928 @cindex Beeping, turning off
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1929 @cindex Visible bell
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1930 @cindex Bell, visible
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1931
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1932 @email{martin@@cc.gatech.edu, Martin R. Frank} writes:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1933
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1934 Tell Emacs to use the @dfn{visible bell} instead of the audible bell,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1935 and set the visible bell to nothing.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1936
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1937 That is, put the following in your @code{TERMCAP} environment variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1938 (assuming you have one):
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1939
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1940 @example
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1941 ... :vb=: ...
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1942 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1943
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1944 And evaluate the following Lisp form:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1945
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1946 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1947 (setq visible-bell t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1948 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1949
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1950 @node Turning the volume down, Automatic indentation, Turning off beeping, Common requests
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
1951 @section How do I turn down the bell volume in Emacs running under X?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1952 @cindex Bell, volume of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1953 @cindex Volume of bell
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1954
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1955 On X Window system, you can adjust the bell volume and duration for all
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1956 programs with the shell command @code{xset}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1957
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1958 Invoking @code{xset} without any arguments produces some basic
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1959 information, including the following:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1960
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1961 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1962 usage: xset [-display host:dpy] option ...
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1963 To turn bell off:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1964 -b b off b 0
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1965 To set bell volume, pitch and duration:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1966 b [vol [pitch [dur]]] b on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1967 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1968
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1969 @node Automatic indentation, Matching parentheses, Turning the volume down, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1970 @section How do I tell Emacs to automatically indent a new line to the indentation of the previous line?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1971 @cindex Indenting new lines
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1972 @cindex New lines, indenting of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1973 @cindex Previous line, indenting according to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1974 @cindex Text indentation
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1975
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1976 Such behavior is automatic in Emacs 20 and later. From the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1977 @file{etc/NEWS} file for Emacs 20.2:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1978
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1979 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1980 ** In Text mode, now only blank lines separate paragraphs. This makes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1981 it possible to get the full benefit of Adaptive Fill mode in Text mode,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1982 and other modes derived from it (such as Mail mode). @key{TAB} in Text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1983 mode now runs the command @code{indent-relative}; this makes a practical
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1984 difference only when you use indented paragraphs.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1985
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1986 As a result, the old Indented Text mode is now identical to Text mode,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1987 and is an alias for it.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1988
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1989 If you want spaces at the beginning of a line to start a paragraph, use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1990 the new mode, Paragraph Indent Text mode.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1991 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1992
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1993 @cindex Prefixing lines
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1994 @cindex Fill prefix
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1995 If you have @code{auto-fill-mode} turned on (@pxref{Turning on auto-fill
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1996 by default}), you can tell Emacs to prefix every line with a certain
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1997 character sequence, the @dfn{fill prefix}. Type the prefix at the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1998 beginning of a line, position point after it, and then type @kbd{C-x .}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1999 (@code{set-fill-prefix}) to set the fill prefix. Thereafter,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2000 auto-filling will automatically put the fill prefix at the beginning of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2001 new lines, and @kbd{M-q} (@code{fill-paragraph}) will maintain any fill
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2002 prefix when refilling the paragraph.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2003
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2004 If you have paragraphs with different levels of indentation, you will
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2005 have to set the fill prefix to the correct value each time you move to a
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
2006 new paragraph. There are many packages available to deal with this
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
2007 (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). Look for ``fill'' and
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
2008 ``indent'' keywords for guidance.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2009
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2010 @node Matching parentheses, Hiding #ifdef lines, Automatic indentation, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2011 @section How do I show which parenthesis matches the one I'm looking at?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2012 @cindex Parentheses, matching
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2013 @cindex @file{paren.el}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2014 @cindex Highlighting matching parentheses
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2015 @cindex Pairs of parentheses, highlighting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2016 @cindex Matching parentheses
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2017
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2018 Call @code{show-paren-mode} in your @file{.emacs} file:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2019
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2020 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2021 (show-paren-mode 1)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2022 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2023
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2024 You can also enable this mode by selecting the @samp{Paren Match
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2025 Highlighting} option from the @samp{Options} menu of the Emacs menu bar
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2026 at the top of any Emacs frame.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2027
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2028 Alternatives to this mode include:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2029
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2030 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2031
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2032 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2033 If you're looking at a right parenthesis (or brace or bracket) you can
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2034 delete it and reinsert it. Emacs will momentarily move the cursor to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2035 the matching parenthesis.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2036
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2037 @item
40705
421e0a91a1d1 Replace M-C- with C-M-
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40014
diff changeset
2038 @kbd{C-M-f} (@code{forward-sexp}) and @kbd{C-M-b} (@code{backward-sexp})
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2039 will skip over one set of balanced parentheses, so you can see which
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2040 parentheses match. (You can train it to skip over balanced brackets
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2041 and braces at the same time by modifying the syntax table.)
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2042
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2043 @cindex Show matching paren as in @code{vi}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2044 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2045 Here is some Emacs Lisp that will make the @key{%} key show the matching
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2046 parenthesis, like in @code{vi}. In addition, if the cursor isn't over a
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2047 parenthesis, it simply inserts a % like normal.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2048
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2049 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2050 ;; By an unknown contributor
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2051
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2052 (global-set-key "%" 'match-paren)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2053
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2054 (defun match-paren (arg)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2055 "Go to the matching paren if on a paren; otherwise insert %."
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2056 (interactive "p")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2057 (cond ((looking-at "\\s\(") (forward-list 1) (backward-char 1))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2058 ((looking-at "\\s\)") (forward-char 1) (backward-list 1))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2059 (t (self-insert-command (or arg 1)))))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2060 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2061
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2062 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2063
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2064 @node Hiding #ifdef lines, Repeating commands, Matching parentheses, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2065 @section In C mode, can I show just the lines that will be left after @code{#ifdef} commands are handled by the compiler?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2066 @cindex @code{#ifdef}, selective display of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2067 @cindex @code{hide-ifdef-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2068 @cindex Hiding @code{#ifdef} text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2069 @cindex Selectively displaying @code{#ifdef} code
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2070
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2071 @kbd{M-x hide-ifdef-mode}. (This is a minor mode.) You might also want
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
2072 to investigate @file{cpp.el}, which is distributed with Emacs.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2073
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2074 @node Repeating commands, Valid X resources, Hiding #ifdef lines, Common requests
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2075 @section How do I repeat a command as many times as possible?
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2076 @cindex Repeating commands many times
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2077 @cindex Commands, repeating many times
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2078 @cindex @code{.}, equivalent to @code{vi} command
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2079
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2080 As of Emacs 20.3, there is indeed a @code{repeat} command (@kbd{C-x z})
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2081 that repeats the last command. If you preface it with a prefix
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2082 argument, the prefix arg is applied to the command.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2083
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2084 You can also type @kbd{C-x @key{ESC} @key{ESC}}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2085 (@code{repeat-complex-command}) to reinvoke commands that used the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2086 minibuffer to get arguments. In @code{repeat-complex-command} you can
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2087 type @kbd{M-p} and @kbd{M-n} (and also up-arrow and down-arrow, if your
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2088 keyboard has these keys) to scan through all the different complex
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2089 commands you've typed.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2090
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2091 To repeat a set of commands, use keyboard macros. Use @kbd{C-x (} and
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2092 @kbd{C-x )} to make a keyboard macro that invokes the command and then
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2093 type @kbd{C-x e}. (@inforef{Keyboard Macros, Keyboard Macros, emacs}.)
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2094
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2095 If you're really desperate for the @code{.} command in @code{vi} that
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2096 redoes the last insertion/deletion, use VIPER, a @code{vi} emulation
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2097 mode which comes with Emacs, and which appears to support it.
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2098 (@xref{VIPER}.)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2099
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2100 @node Valid X resources, Evaluating Emacs Lisp code, Repeating commands, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2101 @section What are the valid X resource settings (i.e., stuff in .Xdefaults)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2102 @cindex Resources, X
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2103 @cindex X resources
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2104 @cindex Setting X resources
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2105
50475
b65aa1d740eb Fix cross references.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 49429
diff changeset
2106 @inforef{X Resources, X Resources, emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2107
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2108 You can also use a resource editor, such as editres (for X11R5 and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2109 onwards), to look at the resource names for the menu bar, assuming Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2110 was compiled with the X toolkit.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2111
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2112 @node Evaluating Emacs Lisp code, Changing the length of a Tab, Valid X resources, Common requests
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
2113 @section How do I execute (``evaluate'') a piece of Emacs Lisp code?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2114 @cindex Evaluating Lisp code
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2115 @cindex Lisp forms, evaluating
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2116
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2117 There are a number of ways to execute (@dfn{evaluate}, in Lisp lingo) an
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2118 Emacs Lisp @dfn{form}:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2119
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2120 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2121
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2122 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2123 If you want it evaluated every time you run Emacs, put it in a file
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2124 named @file{.emacs} in your home directory. This is known as ``your
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2125 @file{.emacs} file,'' and contains all of your personal customizations.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2126
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2127 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2128 You can type the form in the @file{*scratch*} buffer, and then type
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2129 @key{LFD} (or @kbd{C-j}) after it. The result of evaluating the form
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2130 will be inserted in the buffer.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2131
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2132 @item
40705
421e0a91a1d1 Replace M-C- with C-M-
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40014
diff changeset
2133 In @code{emacs-lisp-mode}, typing @kbd{C-M-x} evaluates a top-level form
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2134 before or around point.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2135
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2136 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2137 Typing @kbd{C-x C-e} in any buffer evaluates the Lisp form immediately
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2138 before point and prints its value in the echo area.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2139
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2140 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2141 Typing @kbd{M-:} or @kbd{M-x eval-expression} allows you to type a Lisp
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2142 form in the minibuffer which will be evaluated once you press @key{RET}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2143
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2144 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2145 You can use @kbd{M-x load-file} to have Emacs evaluate all the Lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2146 forms in a file. (To do this from Lisp use the function @code{load}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2147 instead.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2148
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2149 The functions @code{load-library}, @code{eval-region},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2150 @code{eval-current-buffer}, @code{require}, and @code{autoload} are also
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2151 useful; see @ref{Emacs Lisp documentation}, if you want to learn more
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2152 about them.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2153
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2154 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2155
68735
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
2156 @node Changing the length of a Tab, Inserting text at the beginning of each line, Evaluating Emacs Lisp code, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2157 @section How do I change Emacs's idea of the @key{TAB} character's length?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2158 @cindex Tab length
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2159 @cindex Length of tab character
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2160 @cindex @code{default-tab-width}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2161
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2162 Set the variable @code{default-tab-width}. For example, to set
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2163 @key{TAB} stops every 10 characters, insert the following in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2164 @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2165
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2166 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2167 (setq default-tab-width 10)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2168 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2169
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2170 Do not confuse variable @code{tab-width} with variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2171 @code{tab-stop-list}. The former is used for the display of literal
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2172 @key{TAB} characters. The latter controls what characters are inserted
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2173 when you press the @key{TAB} character in certain modes.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2174
68735
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
2175 @node Inserting text at the beginning of each line, Underlining paragraphs, Changing the length of a Tab, Common requests
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
2176 @section How do I insert <some text> at the beginning of every line?
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
2177 @cindex Prefixing a region with some text
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2178 @cindex Prefix character, inserting in mail/news replies
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2179 @cindex Replies to mail/news, inserting a prefix character
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2180 @cindex @code{mail-yank-prefix}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2181 @cindex Mail replies, inserting a prefix character
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2182 @cindex News replies, inserting a prefix character
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2183
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2184 To do this to an entire buffer, type @kbd{M-< M-x replace-regexp
68735
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
2185 @key{RET} ^ @key{RET} your text @key{RET}}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2186
37447
0bc52782144f Adapt to the change of string-rectangle back to 20.x behaviour.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37079
diff changeset
2187 To do this to a region, use @code{string-insert-rectangle}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2188 Set the mark (@kbd{C-@key{SPC}}) at the beginning of the first line you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2189 want to prefix, move the cursor to last line to be prefixed, and type
37447
0bc52782144f Adapt to the change of string-rectangle back to 20.x behaviour.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37079
diff changeset
2190 @kbd{M-x string-insert-rectangle @key{RET}}. To do this for the whole
0bc52782144f Adapt to the change of string-rectangle back to 20.x behaviour.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37079
diff changeset
2191 buffer, type @kbd{C-x h M-x string-insert-rectangle @key{RET}}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2192
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2193 If you are trying to prefix a yanked mail message with @samp{>}, you
68735
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
2194 might want to set the variable @code{mail-yank-prefix}. In Message
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
2195 buffers, you can even use @kbd{M-;} to cite yanked messages (@kbd{M-;}
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
2196 runs the function @code{comment-region}, it is a general-purpose
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
2197 mechanism to comment regions) (@pxref{Changing the included text prefix}).
68735
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
2198
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2199 @node Underlining paragraphs, Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column, Inserting text at the beginning of each line, Common requests
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
2200 @section How do I insert @samp{_^H} before each character in a region to get an underlined paragraph?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2201 @cindex Underlining a region of text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2202 @cindex @code{underline-region}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2203
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2204 Mark the region and then type @kbd{M-x underline-region @key{RET}}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2205
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2206 @node Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column, Forcing Emacs to iconify itself, Underlining paragraphs, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2207 @section How do I make Emacs behave like this: when I go up or down, the cursor should stay in the same column even if the line is too short?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2208 @cindex @code{picture-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2209 @cindex Remaining in the same column, regardless of contents
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2210 @cindex Vertical movement in empty documents
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2211
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
2212 Use @kbd{M-x picture-mode}.
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
2213
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
2214 See also the variable @code{track-eol} and the command
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
2215 @code{set-goal-column} bound to @kbd{C-x C-n}
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
2216 (@pxref{Moving Point, , , emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2217
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2218 @node Forcing Emacs to iconify itself, Using regular expressions, Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2219 @section How do I tell Emacs to iconify itself?
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
2220 @cindex Iconification under the X Window System
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
2221 @cindex X Window System and iconification
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2222 @cindex Suspending Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2223
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
2224 @kbd{C-z} iconifies Emacs when running under X and suspends Emacs
50475
b65aa1d740eb Fix cross references.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 49429
diff changeset
2225 otherwise. @inforef{Frame Commands, Frame Commands, emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2226
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2227 @node Using regular expressions, Replacing text across multiple files, Forcing Emacs to iconify itself, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2228 @section How do I use regexps (regular expressions) in Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2229 @cindex Regexps
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2230 @cindex Regular expressions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2231 @cindex Differences between Unix and Emacs regexps
70501
b31d4dcfe813 (Using regular expressions): Fix typo.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69693
diff changeset
2232 @cindex Unix regexps, differences from Emacs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2233 @cindex Text strings, putting regexps in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2234
64917
f9b024cc4772 (Using regular expressions): Fix xref.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64890
diff changeset
2235 @inforef{Regexp Backslash, Regexp Backslash, emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2236
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2237 The @code{or} operator is @samp{\|}, not @samp{|}, and the grouping operators
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2238 are @samp{\(} and @samp{\)}. Also, the string syntax for a backslash is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2239 @samp{\\}. To specify a regular expression like @samp{xxx\(foo\|bar\)}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2240 in a Lisp string, use @samp{xxx\\(foo\\|bar\\)}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2241
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2242 Note the doubled backslashes!
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2243
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2244 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2245
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2246 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2247 Unlike in Unix @file{grep}, @file{sed}, etc., a complement character set
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2248 (@samp{[^...]}) can match a newline character (@key{LFD} a.k.a.@:
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2249 @kbd{C-j} a.k.a.@: @samp{\n}), unless newline is mentioned as one of the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2250 characters not to match.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2251
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2252 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2253 The character syntax regexps (e.g., @samp{\sw}) are not
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2254 meaningful inside character set regexps (e.g., @samp{[aeiou]}). (This
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2255 is actually typical for regexp syntax.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2256
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2257 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2258
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2259 @node Replacing text across multiple files, Documentation for etags, Using regular expressions, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2260 @section How do I perform a replace operation across more than one file?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2261 @cindex Replacing strings across files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2262 @cindex Multiple files, replacing across
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2263 @cindex Files, replacing strings across multiple
70507
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2264 @cindex Recursive search/replace operations
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2265
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2266 As of Emacs 19.29, Dired mode (@kbd{M-x dired @key{RET}}, or @kbd{C-x
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2267 d}) supports the command @code{dired-do-query-replace} (@kbd{Q}), which
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2268 allows users to replace regular expressions in multiple files.
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2269
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2270 You can use this command to perform search/replace operations on
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2271 multiple files by following the following steps:
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2272
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2273 @itemize @bullet
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2274 @item
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2275 Assemble a list of files you want to operate on with either
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2276 @code{find-dired}, @code{find-name-dired} or @code{find-grep-dired}.
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2277
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2278 @item
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2279 Mark all files in the resulting Dired buffer using @kbd{t}.
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2280
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2281 @item
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2282 Use @kbd{Q} to start a @code{query-replace-regexp} session on the marked
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2283 files.
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2284
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2285 @item
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2286 To accept all replacements in each file, hit @kbd{!}.
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2287 @end itemize
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2288
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2289 Another way to do the same thing is to use the ``tags'' feature of
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2290 Emacs: it includes the command @code{tags-query-replace} which performs
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2291 a query-replace across all the files mentioned in the @file{TAGS} file.
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2292 @inforef{Tags Search, Tags Search, emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2293
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2294 @node Documentation for etags, Disabling backups, Replacing text across multiple files, Common requests
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2295 @section Where is the documentation for @code{etags}?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2296 @cindex Documentation for @code{etags}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2297 @cindex @code{etags}, documentation for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2298
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2299 The @code{etags} man page should be in the same place as the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2300 @code{emacs} man page.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2301
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2302 Quick command-line switch descriptions are also available. For example,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2303 @samp{etags -H}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2304
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2305 @node Disabling backups, Disabling auto-save-mode, Documentation for etags, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2306 @section How do I disable backup files?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2307 @cindex Backups, disabling
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2308 @cindex Disabling backups
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2309
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2310 You probably don't want to do this, since backups are useful, especially
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2311 when something goes wrong.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2312
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
2313 To avoid seeing backup files (and other ``uninteresting'' files) in Dired,
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2314 load @code{dired-x} by adding the following to your @file{.emacs} file:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2315
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2316 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2317 (add-hook 'dired-load-hook
28344
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
2318 (lambda ()
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
2319 (load "dired-x")))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2320 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2321
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2322 With @code{dired-x} loaded, @kbd{M-o} toggles omitting in each dired buffer.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2323 You can make omitting the default for new dired buffers by putting the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2324 following in your @file{.emacs}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2325
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2326 @lisp
30692
b2cc8b3e837e (Disabling backups): Replace reference to
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 30009
diff changeset
2327 (add-hook 'dired-mode-hook 'dired-omit-toggle)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2328 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2329
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2330 If you're tired of seeing backup files whenever you do an @samp{ls} at
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2331 the Unix shell, try GNU @code{ls} with the @samp{-B} option. GNU
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2332 @code{ls} is part of the GNU Fileutils package, available from
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2333 @samp{ftp.gnu.org} and its mirrors (@pxref{Current GNU distributions}).
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2334
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2335 To disable or change the way backups are made, @inforef{Backup Names, ,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2336 emacs}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2337
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2338 @cindex Backup files in a single directory
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2339 Beginning with Emacs 21.1, you can control where Emacs puts backup files
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2340 by customizing the variable @code{backup-directory-alist}. This
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2341 variable's value specifies that files whose names match specific patters
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2342 should have their backups put in certain directories. A typical use is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2343 to add the element @code{("." . @var{dir})} to force Emacs to put
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2344 @strong{all} backup files in the directory @file{dir}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2345
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2346 @node Disabling auto-save-mode, Going to a line by number, Disabling backups, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2347 @section How do I disable @code{auto-save-mode}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2348 @cindex Disabling @code{auto-save-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2349 @cindex Auto-saving
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2350 @cindex Saving at frequent intervals
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2351
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2352 You probably don't want to do this, since auto-saving is useful,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2353 especially when Emacs or your computer crashes while you are editing a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2354 document.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2355
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2356 Instead, you might want to change the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2357 @code{auto-save-interval}, which specifies how many keystrokes Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2358 waits before auto-saving. Increasing this value forces Emacs to wait
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2359 longer between auto-saves, which might annoy you less.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2360
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2361 You might also want to look into Sebastian Kremer's @code{auto-save}
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
2362 package (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). This
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2363 package also allows you to place all auto-save files in one directory,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2364 such as @file{/tmp}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2365
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2366 To disable or change how @code{auto-save-mode} works, @inforef{Auto
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2367 Save, , emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2368
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2369 @node Going to a line by number, Modifying pull-down menus, Disabling auto-save-mode, Common requests
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2370 @section How can I go to a certain line given its number?
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2371 @cindex Going to a line by number
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2372 @cindex Compilation error messages
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2373 @cindex Recompilation
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2374
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2375 Are you sure you indeed need to go to a line by its number? Perhaps all
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2376 you want is to display a line in your source file for which a compiler
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2377 printed an error message? If so, compiling from within Emacs using the
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2378 @kbd{M-x compile} and @kbd{M-x recompile} commands is a much more
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2379 effective way of doing that. Emacs automatically intercepts the compile
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2380 error messages, inserts them into a special buffer called
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2381 @code{*compilation*}, and lets you visit the locus of each message in
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2382 the source. Type @kbd{C-x `} to step through the offending lines one by
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2383 one (starting with Emacs 22, you can also use @kbd{M-g M-p} and
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2384 @kbd{M-g M-n} to go to the previous and next matches directly). Click
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2385 @kbd{Mouse-2} or press @key{RET} on a message text in the
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2386 @code{*compilation*} buffer to go to the line whose number is mentioned
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2387 in that message.
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2388
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2389 But if you indeed need to go to a certain text line, type @kbd{M-g M-g}
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2390 (which is the default binding of the @code{goto-line} function starting
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2391 with Emacs 22). Emacs will prompt you for the number of the line and go
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2392 to that line.
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2393
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2394 You can do this faster by invoking @code{goto-line} with a numeric
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2395 argument that is the line's number. For example, @kbd{C-u 286 M-g M-g}
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2396 will jump to line number 286 in the current buffer.
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2397
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2398 @node Modifying pull-down menus, Deleting menus and menu options, Going to a line by number, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2399 @section How can I create or modify new pull-down menu options?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2400 @cindex Pull-down menus, creating or modifying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2401 @cindex Menus, creating or modifying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2402 @cindex Creating new menu options
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2403 @cindex Modifying pull-down menus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2404 @cindex Menus and keymaps
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2405 @cindex Keymaps and menus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2406
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2407 Each menu title (e.g., @samp{File}, @samp{Edit}, @samp{Buffers})
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2408 represents a local or global keymap. Selecting a menu title with the
56279
b1ae5333057a * ses.texi, viper.texi, search.texi, flymake.texi, faq.texi:
Jesper Harder <harder@ifa.au.dk>
parents: 55201
diff changeset
2409 mouse displays that keymap's non-@code{nil} contents in the form of a menu.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2410
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2411 So to add a menu option to an existing menu, all you have to do is add a
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2412 new definition to the appropriate keymap. Adding a @samp{Forward Word}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2413 item to the @samp{Edit} menu thus requires the following Lisp code:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2414
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2415 @lisp
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2416 (define-key global-map
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2417 [menu-bar edit forward]
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2418 '("Forward word" . forward-word))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2419 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2420
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2421 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2422 The first line adds the entry to the global keymap, which includes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2423 global menu bar entries. Replacing the reference to @code{global-map}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2424 with a local keymap would add this menu option only within a particular
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2425 mode.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2426
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2427 The second line describes the path from the menu-bar to the new entry.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2428 Placing this menu entry underneath the @samp{File} menu would mean
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2429 changing the word @code{edit} in the second line to @code{file}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2430
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2431 The third line is a cons cell whose first element is the title that will
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2432 be displayed, and whose second element is the function that will be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2433 called when that menu option is invoked.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2434
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2435 To add a new menu, rather than a new option to an existing menu, we must
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2436 define an entirely new keymap:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2437
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2438 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2439 (define-key global-map [menu-bar words]
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2440 (cons "Words" (make-sparse-keymap "Words")))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2441 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2442
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2443 The above code creates a new sparse keymap, gives it the name
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2444 @samp{Words}, and attaches it to the global menu bar. Adding the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2445 @samp{Forward Word} item to this new menu would thus require the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2446 following code:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2447
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2448 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2449 (define-key global-map
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2450 [menu-bar words forward]
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2451 '("Forward word" . forward-word))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2452 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2453
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2454 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2455 Note that because of the way keymaps work, menu options are displayed
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2456 with the more recently defined items at the top. Thus if you were to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2457 define menu options @samp{foo}, @samp{bar}, and @samp{baz} (in that
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2458 order), the menu option @samp{baz} would appear at the top, and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2459 @samp{foo} would be at the bottom.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2460
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2461 One way to avoid this problem is to use the function @code{define-key-after},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2462 which works the same as @code{define-key}, but lets you modify where items
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2463 appear. The following Lisp code would insert the @samp{Forward Word}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2464 item in the @samp{Edit} menu immediately following the @samp{Undo} item:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2465
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2466 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2467 (define-key-after
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2468 (lookup-key global-map [menu-bar edit])
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2469 [forward]
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2470 '("Forward word" . forward-word)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2471 'undo)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2472 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2473
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2474 Note how the second and third arguments to @code{define-key-after} are
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2475 different from those of @code{define-key}, and that we have added a new
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2476 (final) argument, the function after which our new key should be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2477 defined.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2478
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2479 To move a menu option from one position to another, simply evaluate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2480 @code{define-key-after} with the appropriate final argument.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2481
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2482 More detailed information---and more examples of how to create and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2483 modify menu options---are in the @cite{Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}, under
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
2484 ``Menu Keymaps''. (@xref{Emacs Lisp documentation}, for information on
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
2485 this manual.)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2486
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2487 @node Deleting menus and menu options, Turning on syntax highlighting, Modifying pull-down menus, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2488 @section How do I delete menus and menu options?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2489 @cindex Deleting menus and menu options
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2490 @cindex Menus, deleting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2491
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2492 The simplest way to remove a menu is to set its keymap to @samp{nil}.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2493 For example, to delete the @samp{Words} menu (@pxref{Modifying pull-down
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2494 menus}), use:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2495
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2496 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2497 (define-key global-map [menu-bar words] nil)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2498 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2499
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2500 Similarly, removing a menu option requires redefining a keymap entry to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2501 @code{nil}. For example, to delete the @samp{Forward word} menu option
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2502 from the @samp{Edit} menu (we added it in @ref{Modifying pull-down
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2503 menus}), use:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2504
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2505 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2506 (define-key global-map [menu-bar edit forward] nil)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2507 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2508
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2509 @node Turning on syntax highlighting, Scrolling only one line, Deleting menus and menu options, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2510 @section How do I turn on syntax highlighting?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2511 @cindex Syntax highlighting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2512 @cindex @code{font-lock-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2513 @cindex Highlighting based on syntax
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2514 @cindex Colorizing text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2515 @cindex FAQ, @code{font-lock-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2516
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2517 @code{font-lock-mode} is the standard way to have Emacs perform syntax
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2518 highlighting in the current buffer. It is enabled by default in Emacs
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2519 22.1 and later.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2520
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2521 With @code{font-lock-mode} turned on, different types of text will
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2522 appear in different colors. For instance, in a programming mode,
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2523 variables will appear in one face, keywords in a second, and comments in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2524 a third.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2525
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2526 @cindex hilit19 is deprecated
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2527 Earlier versions of Emacs supported hilit19, a similar package. Use of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2528 hilit19 is now considered non-standard, although @file{hilit19.el} comes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2529 with the stock Emacs distribution. It is no longer maintained.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2530
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2531 To turn @code{font-lock-mode} off within an existing buffer, use
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2532 @kbd{M-x font-lock-mode @key{RET}}.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2533
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2534 In Emacs 21 and earlier versions, you could use the following code in
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2535 your @file{.emacs} file to turn on @code{font-lock-mode} globally:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2536
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2537 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2538 (global-font-lock-mode 1)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2539 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2540
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2541 Highlighting a buffer with @code{font-lock-mode} can take quite a while,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2542 and cause an annoying delay in display, so several features exist to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2543 work around this.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2544
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2545 @cindex Just-In-Time syntax highlighting
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2546 In Emacs 21 and later, turning on @code{font-lock-mode} automatically
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2547 activates the new @dfn{Just-In-Time fontification} provided by
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2548 @code{jit-lock-mode}. @code{jit-lock-mode} defers the fontification of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2549 portions of buffer until you actually need to see them, and can also
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2550 fontify while Emacs is idle. This makes display of the visible portion
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2551 of a buffer almost instantaneous. For details about customizing
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2552 @code{jit-lock-mode}, type @kbd{C-h f jit-lock-mode @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2553
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2554 @cindex Levels of syntax highlighting
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2555 @cindex Decoration level, in @code{font-lock-mode}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2556 In versions of Emacs before 21, different levels of decoration are
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2557 available, from slight to gaudy. More decoration means you need to wait
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2558 more time for a buffer to be fontified (or a faster machine). To
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2559 control how decorated your buffers should become, set the value of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2560 @code{font-lock-maximum-decoration} in your @file{.emacs} file, with a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2561 @code{nil} value indicating default (usually minimum) decoration, and a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2562 @code{t} value indicating the maximum decoration. For the gaudiest
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2563 possible look, then, include the line
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2564
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2565 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2566 (setq font-lock-maximum-decoration t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2567 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2568
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2569 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2570 in your @file{.emacs} file. You can also set this variable such that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2571 different modes are highlighted in a different ways; for more
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2572 information, see the documentation for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2573 @code{font-lock-maximum-decoration} with @kbd{C-h v} (or @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2574 describe-variable @key{RET}}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2575
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2576 Also see the documentation for the function @code{font-lock-mode},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2577 available by typing @kbd{C-h f font-lock-mode} (@kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2578 describe-function @key{RET} font-lock-mode @key{RET}}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2579
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2580 To print buffers with the faces (i.e., colors and fonts) intact, use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2581 @kbd{M-x ps-print-buffer-with-faces} or @kbd{M-x
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2582 ps-print-region-with-faces}. You will need a way to send text to a
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2583 PostScript printer, or a PostScript interpreter such as Ghostscript;
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2584 consult the documentation of the variables @code{ps-printer-name},
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2585 @code{ps-lpr-command}, and @code{ps-lpr-switches} for more details.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2586
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2587 @node Scrolling only one line, Editing MS-DOS files, Turning on syntax highlighting, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2588 @section How can I force Emacs to scroll only one line when I move past the bottom of the screen?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2589 @cindex Scrolling only one line
46918
82d113655734 Minor spelling and grammar corrections.
Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>
parents: 46655
diff changeset
2590 @cindex Reducing the increment when scrolling
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2591
67551
fe8f45a3c8a7 (Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67543
diff changeset
2592 Customize the @code{scroll-conservatively} variable with @kbd{M-x
fe8f45a3c8a7 (Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67543
diff changeset
2593 customize-variable @key{RET} scroll-conservatively @key{RET}} and set it
fe8f45a3c8a7 (Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67543
diff changeset
2594 to a large value like, say, 10000. For an explanation of what this
fe8f45a3c8a7 (Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67543
diff changeset
2595 means, @inforef{Scrolling, Scrolling, emacs}.
fe8f45a3c8a7 (Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67543
diff changeset
2596
fe8f45a3c8a7 (Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67543
diff changeset
2597 Alternatively, use the following Lisp form in your @file{.emacs}:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2598
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2599 @lisp
67551
fe8f45a3c8a7 (Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67543
diff changeset
2600 (setq scroll-conservatively most-positive-fixnum)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2601 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2602
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2603 @node Editing MS-DOS files, Filling paragraphs with a single space, Scrolling only one line, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2604 @section How can I edit MS-DOS files using Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2605 @cindex Editing MS-DOS files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2606 @cindex MS-DOS files, editing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2607 @cindex Microsoft files, editing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2608 @cindex Windows files, editing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2609
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2610 As of Emacs 20, detection and handling of MS-DOS (and Windows) files is
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2611 performed transparently. You can open MS-DOS files on a Unix system,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2612 edit it, and save it without having to worry about the file format.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2613
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2614 When editing an MS-DOS style file, the mode line will indicate that it
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2615 is a DOS file. On Unix and GNU/Linux systems, and also on a Macintosh,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2616 the string @samp{(DOS)} will appear near the left edge of the mode line;
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2617 on DOS and Windows, where the DOS end-of-line (EOL) format is the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2618 default, a backslash (@samp{\}) will appear in the mode line.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2619
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2620 If you are running a version of Emacs before 20.1, get @code{crypt++}
59996
aac0a33f5772 Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59713
diff changeset
2621 (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). Among other things,
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
2622 @code{crypt++} transparently modifies MS-DOS files as they are loaded
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
2623 and saved, allowing you to ignore the different conventions that Unix
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
2624 and MS-DOS have for delineating the end of a line.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2625
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
2626 @node Filling paragraphs with a single space, Escape sequences in shell output, Editing MS-DOS files, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2627 @section How can I tell Emacs to fill paragraphs with a single space after each period?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2628 @cindex One space following periods
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2629 @cindex Single space following periods
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2630 @cindex Periods, one space following
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2631
67576
79100dce8a85 * faq.texi (Filling paragraphs with a single space): No need to
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 67551
diff changeset
2632 Add the following line to your @file{.emacs} file:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2633
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2634 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2635 (setq sentence-end-double-space nil)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2636 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2637
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
2638 @node Escape sequences in shell output, , Filling paragraphs with a single space, Common requests
46655
05bd4743e434 Remove bad line break.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43966
diff changeset
2639 @section Why these strange escape sequences from @code{ls} from the Shell mode?
35651
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2640 @cindex Escape sequences in @code{ls} output
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2641 @cindex @code{ls} in Shell mode
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2642
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2643 This happens because @code{ls} is aliased to @samp{ls --color} in your
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2644 shell init file. You have two alternatives to solve this:
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2645
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2646 @itemize @bullet
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2647 @item
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2648 Make the alias conditioned on the @code{EMACS} variable in the
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2649 environment. When Emacs runs a subsidiary shell, it exports the
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2650 @code{EMACS} variable with the value @code{t} to that shell. You can
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2651 unalias @code{ls} when that happens, thus limiting the alias to your
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2652 interactive sessions.
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2653
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2654 @item
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2655 Install the @code{ansi-color} package (bundled with Emacs 21.1 and
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2656 later), which converts these ANSI escape sequences into colors.
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2657 @end itemize
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2658
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2659 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2660 @node Bugs and problems, Compiling and installing Emacs, Common requests, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2661 @chapter Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2662 @cindex Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2663
38687
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2664 The Emacs manual lists some common kinds of trouble users could get
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2665 into, see @ref{Lossage, , Dealing with Emacs Trouble, emacs, The GNU
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2666 Emacs Manual}, so you might look there if the problem you encounter
38770
4cbe0f799a15 (Bugs and problems): Fix wording.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38687
diff changeset
2667 isn't described in this chapter. If you decide you've discovered a bug,
4cbe0f799a15 (Bugs and problems): Fix wording.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38687
diff changeset
2668 see @ref{Bugs, , Reporting Bugs, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}, for
38687
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2669 instructions how to do that.
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2670
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2671 The file @file{etc/PROBLEMS} in the Emacs distribution lists various
38770
4cbe0f799a15 (Bugs and problems): Fix wording.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38687
diff changeset
2672 known problems with building and using Emacs on specific platforms;
54478
c0b7b601058f Fix help key bindings.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 52979
diff changeset
2673 type @kbd{C-h C-e} to read it.
38687
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2674
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2675 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2676 * Problems with very large files::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2677 * ^M in the shell buffer::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2678 * Shell process exits abnormally::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2679 * Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2680 * Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2681 * Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2682 * Problems talking to certain hosts::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2683 * Errors with init files::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2684 * Emacs ignores X resources::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2685 * Emacs ignores frame parameters::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2686 * Emacs takes a long time to visit files::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2687 * Editing files with $ in the name::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2688 * Shell mode loses the current directory::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2689 * Security risks with Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2690 * Dired claims that no file is on this line::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2691 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2692
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2693 @node Problems with very large files, ^M in the shell buffer, Bugs and problems, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2694 @section Does Emacs have problems with files larger than 8 megabytes?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2695 @cindex Very large files, opening
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2696 @cindex Large files, opening
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2697 @cindex Opening very large files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2698 @cindex Maximum file size
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2699 @cindex Files, maximum size
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2700
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2701 Old versions (i.e., anything before 19.29) of Emacs had problems editing
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2702 files larger than 8 megabytes. In versions 19.29 and later, the maximum
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2703 buffer size is at least 2^27-1, or 134,217,727 bytes, or 132 MBytes.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2704 And in Emacs 22, the maximum buffer size has been increased to
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2705 268,435,455 bytes (or 256 MBytes) on 32-bit machines.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2706
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2707 @node ^M in the shell buffer, Shell process exits abnormally, Problems with very large files, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2708 @section How do I get rid of @samp{^M} or echoed commands in my shell buffer?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2709 @cindex Shell buffer, echoed commands and @samp{^M} in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2710 @cindex Echoed commands in @code{shell-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2711
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2712 Try typing @kbd{M-x shell-strip-ctrl-m @key{RET}} while in @code{shell-mode} to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2713 make them go away. If that doesn't work, you have several options:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2714
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2715 For @code{tcsh}, put this in your @file{.cshrc} (or @file{.tcshrc})
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2716 file:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2717
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2718 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2719 if ($?EMACS) then
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2720 if ("$EMACS" == t) then
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2721 if ($?tcsh) unset edit
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2722 stty nl
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2723 endif
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2724 endif
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2725 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2726
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2727 Or put this in your @file{.emacs_tcsh} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2728
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2729 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2730 unset edit
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2731 stty nl
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2732 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2733
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2734 Alternatively, use @code{csh} in your shell buffers instead of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2735 @code{tcsh}. One way is:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2736
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2737 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2738 (setq explicit-shell-file-name "/bin/csh")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2739 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2740
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2741 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2742 and another is to do this in your @file{.cshrc} (or @file{.tcshrc})
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2743 file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2744
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2745 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2746 setenv ESHELL /bin/csh
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2747 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2748
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2749 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2750 (You must start Emacs over again with the environment variable properly
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2751 set for this to take effect.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2752
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2753 You can also set the @code{ESHELL} environment variable in Emacs Lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2754 with the following Lisp form,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2755
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2756 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2757 (setenv "ESHELL" "/bin/csh")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2758 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2759
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2760 The above solutions try to prevent the shell from producing the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2761 @samp{^M} characters in the first place. If this is not possible
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2762 (e.g., if you use a Windows shell), you can get Emacs to remove these
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2763 characters from the buffer by adding this to your @file{.emacs} init
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2764 file:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2765
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2766 @smalllisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2767 (add-hook 'comint-output-filter-functions 'shell-strip-ctrl-m)
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2768 @end smalllisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2769
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2770 On a related note: if your shell is echoing your input line in the shell
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2771 buffer, you might want to customize the @code{comint-process-echoes}
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2772 variable in your shell buffers, or try the following command in your
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2773 shell start-up file:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2774
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2775 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2776 stty -icrnl -onlcr -echo susp ^Z
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2777 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2778
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2779 @node Shell process exits abnormally, Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows, ^M in the shell buffer, Bugs and problems
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
2780 @section Why do I get ``Process shell exited abnormally with code 1''?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2781 @cindex Abnormal exits from @code{shell-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2782 @cindex @code{shell-mode} exits
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2783 @cindex Process shell exited
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2784
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2785 The most likely reason for this message is that the @samp{env} program
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2786 is not properly installed. Compile this program for your architecture,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2787 and install it with @samp{a+x} permission in the architecture-dependent
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2788 Emacs program directory. (You can find what this directory is at your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2789 site by inspecting the value of the variable @code{exec-directory} by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2790 typing @kbd{C-h v exec-directory @key{RET}}.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2791
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2792 You should also check for other programs named @samp{env} in your path
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2793 (e.g., SunOS has a program named @file{/usr/bin/env}). We don't
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2794 understand why this can cause a failure and don't know a general
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2795 solution for working around the problem in this case.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2796
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2797 The @samp{make clean} command will remove @samp{env} and other vital
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2798 programs, so be careful when using it.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2799
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2800 It has been reported that this sometimes happened when Emacs was started
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2801 as an X client from an xterm window (i.e., had a controlling tty) but the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2802 xterm was later terminated.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2803
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2804 See also @samp{PROBLEMS} (in the @file{etc} subdirectory of the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2805 top-level directory when you unpack the Emacs source) for other
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2806 possible causes of this message.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2807
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2808 @node Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows, Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs, Shell process exits abnormally, Bugs and problems
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2809 @section Why do I get an error message when I try to run @kbd{M-x shell}?
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2810
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2811 @cindex Shell Mode, and MS-Windows
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2812 @cindex @code{explicit-shell-file-name}
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2813 On MS-Windows, this might happen because Emacs tries to look for the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2814 shell in a wrong place. The default file name @file{/bin/sh} is
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2815 usually incorrect for non-Unix systems. If you know where your shell
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2816 executable is, set the variable @code{explicit-shell-file-name} in
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2817 your @file{.emacs} file to point to its full file name, like this:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2818
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2819 @lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2820 (setq explicit-shell-file-name "d:/shells/bash.exe")
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2821 @end lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2822
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2823 If you don't know what shell does Emacs use, try the @kbd{M-!}
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2824 command; if that works, put the following line into your
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2825 @file{.emacs}:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2826
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2827 @lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2828 (setq explicit-shell-file-name shell-file-name)
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2829 @end lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2830
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2831 @cindex Antivirus programs, and Shell Mode
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2832 Some people have trouble with Shell Mode because of intrusive
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2833 antivirus software; disabling the resident antivirus program solves
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2834 the problems in those cases.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2835
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2836 @node Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs, Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode, Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows, Bugs and problems
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
2837 @section Where is the termcap/terminfo entry for terminal type @samp{emacs}?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2838 @cindex Termcap
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2839 @cindex Terminfo
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2840 @cindex Emacs entries for termcap/terminfo
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2841
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2842 The termcap entry for terminal type @samp{emacs} is ordinarily put in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2843 the @samp{TERMCAP} environment variable of subshells. It may help in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2844 certain situations (e.g., using rlogin from shell buffer) to add an
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2845 entry for @samp{emacs} to the system-wide termcap file. Here is a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2846 correct termcap entry for @samp{emacs}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2847
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2848 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2849 emacs:tc=unknown:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2850 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2851
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2852 To make a terminfo entry for @samp{emacs}, use @code{tic} or
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2853 @code{captoinfo}. You need to generate
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2854 @file{/usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs}. It may work to simply copy
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2855 @file{/usr/lib/terminfo/d/dumb} to @file{/usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2856
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2857 Having a termcap/terminfo entry will not enable the use of full screen
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2858 programs in shell buffers. Use @kbd{M-x terminal-emulator} for that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2859 instead.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2860
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2861 A workaround to the problem of missing termcap/terminfo entries is to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2862 change terminal type @samp{emacs} to type @samp{dumb} or @samp{unknown}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2863 in your shell start up file. @code{csh} users could put this in their
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2864 @file{.cshrc} files:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2865
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2866 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2867 if ("$term" == emacs) set term=dumb
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2868 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2869
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2870 @node Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode, Problems talking to certain hosts, Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs, Bugs and problems
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
2871 @section Why does Emacs spontaneously start displaying @samp{I-search:} and beeping?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2872 @cindex Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2873 @cindex isearch-mode, spontaneous entry into
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2874 @cindex Beeping without obvious reason
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2875
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2876 Your terminal (or something between your terminal and the computer) is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2877 sending @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} for flow control, and Emacs is receiving
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2878 these characters and interpreting them as commands. (The @kbd{C-s}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2879 character normally invokes the @code{isearch-forward} command.) For
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2880 possible solutions, see @ref{Handling C-s and C-q with flow control}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2881
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2882 @node Problems talking to certain hosts, Errors with init files, Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2883 @section Why can't Emacs talk to certain hosts (or certain hostnames)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2884 @cindex Hosts, Emacs cannot talk to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2885 @cindex @code{gethostbyname}, problematic version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2886
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2887 The problem may be that Emacs is linked with a wimpier version of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2888 @code{gethostbyname} than the rest of the programs on the machine. This
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2889 is often manifested as a message on startup of ``X server not responding.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2890 Check your @samp{DISPLAY} environment variable.'' or a message of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2891 ``Unknown host'' from @code{open-network-stream}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2892
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2893 On a Sun, this may be because Emacs had to be linked with the static C
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2894 library. The version of @code{gethostbyname} in the static C library
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2895 may only look in @file{/etc/hosts} and the NIS (YP) maps, while the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2896 version in the dynamic C library may be smart enough to check DNS in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2897 addition to or instead of NIS. On a Motorola Delta running System V
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2898 R3.6, the version of @code{gethostbyname} in the standard library works,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2899 but the one that works with NIS doesn't (the one you get with -linet).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2900 Other operating systems have similar problems.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2901
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2902 Try these options:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2903
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2904 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2905
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2906 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2907 Explicitly add the host you want to communicate with to @file{/etc/hosts}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2908
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2909 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2910 Relink Emacs with this line in @file{src/config.h}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2911
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2912 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2913 #define LIBS_SYSTEM -lresolv
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2914 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2915
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2916 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2917 Replace @code{gethostbyname} and friends in @file{libc.a} with more
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2918 useful versions such as the ones in @file{libresolv.a}. Then relink
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2919 Emacs.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2920
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2921 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2922 If you are actually running NIS, make sure that @code{ypbind} is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2923 properly told to do DNS lookups with the correct command line switch.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2924
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2925 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2926
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2927 @node Errors with init files, Emacs ignores X resources, Problems talking to certain hosts, Bugs and problems
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
2928 @section Why does Emacs say @samp{Error in init file}?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2929 @cindex Error in @file{.emacs}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2930 @cindex Error in init file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2931 @cindex Init file, errors in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2932 @cindex @file{.emacs} file, errors in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2933 @cindex Debugging @file{.emacs} file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2934
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2935 An error occurred while loading either your @file{.emacs} file or the
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2936 system-wide file @file{lisp/default.el}. Emacs 21.1 and later pops the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2937 @file{*Messages*} buffer, and puts there some additional information
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2938 about the error, to provide some hints for debugging.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2939
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2940 For information on how to debug your @file{.emacs} file, see
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2941 @ref{Debugging a customization file}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2942
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2943 It may be the case that you need to load some package first, or use a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2944 hook that will be evaluated after the package is loaded. A common case
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2945 of this is explained in @ref{Terminal setup code works after Emacs has
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2946 begun}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2947
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2948 @node Emacs ignores X resources, Emacs ignores frame parameters, Errors with init files, Bugs and problems
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2949 @section Why does Emacs ignore my X resources (my .Xdefaults file)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2950 @cindex X resources being ignored
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2951 @cindex Ignored X resources
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2952 @cindex @file{.Xdefaults}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2953
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2954 As of version 19, Emacs searches for X resources in the files specified
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2955 by the following environment variables:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2956
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2957 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2958
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2959 @item @code{XFILESEARCHPATH}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2960 @item @code{XUSERFILESEARCHPATH}
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2961 @item @code{XAPPLRESDIR}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2962
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2963 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2964
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2965 This emulates the functionality provided by programs written using the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2966 Xt toolkit.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2967
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2968 @code{XFILESEARCHPATH} and @code{XUSERFILESEARCHPATH} should be a list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2969 of file names separated by colons. @code{XAPPLRESDIR} should be a list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2970 of directory names separated by colons.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2971
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2972 Emacs searches for X resources:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2973
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2974 @enumerate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2975
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2976 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2977 specified on the command line, with the @samp{-xrm RESOURCESTRING} option,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2978
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2979 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2980 then in the value of the @samp{XENVIRONMENT} environment variable,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2981
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2982 @itemize @minus
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2983
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2984 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2985 or if that is unset, in the file named
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2986 @file{~/.Xdefaults-@var{hostname}} if it exists (where @var{hostname} is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2987 the name of the machine Emacs is running on),
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2988
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2989 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2990
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2991 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2992 then in the screen-specific and server-wide resource properties provided
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2993 by the server,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2994
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2995 @itemize @minus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2996
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2997 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2998 or if those properties are unset, in the file named @file{~/.Xdefaults}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2999 if it exists,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3000
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3001 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3002
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3003 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3004 then in the files listed in @samp{XUSERFILESEARCHPATH},
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3005
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3006 @itemize @minus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3007
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3008 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3009 or in files named @file{@var{lang}/Emacs} in directories listed in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3010 @samp{XAPPLRESDIR} (where @var{lang} is the value of the @code{LANG}
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3011 environment variable), if the @samp{LANG} environment variable is set,
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3012 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3013 or in files named Emacs in the directories listed in @samp{XAPPLRESDIR}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3014 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3015 or in @file{~/@var{lang}/Emacs} (if the @code{LANG} environment variable
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3016 is set),
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3017 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3018 or in @file{~/Emacs},
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3019
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3020 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3021
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3022 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3023 then in the files listed in @code{XFILESEARCHPATH}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3024
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3025 @end enumerate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3026
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3027 @node Emacs ignores frame parameters, Emacs takes a long time to visit files, Emacs ignores X resources, Bugs and problems
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3028 @section Why don't my customizations of the frame parameters work?
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3029 @cindex Frame parameters
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3030
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3031 This probably happens because you have set the frame parameters in the
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3032 variable @code{initial-frame-alist}. That variable holds parameters
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3033 used only for the first frame created when Emacs starts. To customize
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3034 the parameters of all frames, change the variable
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3035 @code{default-frame-alist} instead.
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3036
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3037 These two variables exist because many users customize the initial frame
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3038 in a special way. For example, you could determine the position and
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3039 size of the initial frame, but would like to control the geometry of the
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3040 other frames by individually positioning each one of them.
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3041
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3042
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3043 @node Emacs takes a long time to visit files, Editing files with $ in the name, Emacs ignores frame parameters, Bugs and problems
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3044 @section Why does Emacs take 20 seconds to visit a file?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3045 @cindex Visiting files takes a long time
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3046 @cindex Delay when visiting files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3047 @cindex Files, take a long time to visit
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3048
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3049 Old versions of Emacs (i.e., versions before Emacs 20.x) often
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3050 encountered this when the master lock file, @file{!!!SuperLock!!!}, has
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3051 been left in the lock directory somehow. Delete it.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3052
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3053 @email{meuer@@geom.umn.edu, Mark Meuer} says that NeXT NFS has a bug
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3054 where an exclusive create succeeds but returns an error status. This
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3055 can cause the same problem. Since Emacs's file locking doesn't work
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3056 over NFS anyway, the best solution is to recompile Emacs with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3057 @code{CLASH_DETECTION} undefined.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3058
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3059 @node Editing files with $ in the name, Shell mode loses the current directory, Emacs takes a long time to visit files, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3060 @section How do I edit a file with a @samp{$} in its name?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3061 @cindex Editing files with @samp{$} in the name
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3062 @cindex @samp{$} in file names
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3063 @cindex File names containing @samp{$}, editing
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3064
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3065 When entering a file name in the minibuffer, Emacs will attempt to expand
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3066 a @samp{$} followed by a word as an environment variable. To suppress
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3067 this behavior, type @kbd{$$} instead.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3068
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3069 @node Shell mode loses the current directory, Security risks with Emacs, Editing files with $ in the name, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3070 @section Why does shell mode lose track of the shell's current directory?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3071 @cindex Current directory and @code{shell-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3072 @cindex @code{shell-mode} and current directory
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3073 @cindex Directory, current in @code{shell-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3074
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3075 Emacs has no way of knowing when the shell actually changes its
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3076 directory. This is an intrinsic limitation of Unix. So it tries to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3077 guess by recognizing @samp{cd} commands. If you type @kbd{cd} followed
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3078 by a directory name with a variable reference (@kbd{cd $HOME/bin}) or
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3079 with a shell metacharacter (@kbd{cd ../lib*}), Emacs will fail to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3080 correctly guess the shell's new current directory. A huge variety of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3081 fixes and enhancements to shell mode for this problem have been written
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3082 to handle this problem (@pxref{Finding a package with particular
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3083 functionality}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3084
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3085 You can tell Emacs the shell's current directory with the command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3086 @kbd{M-x dirs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3087
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3088 @node Security risks with Emacs, Dired claims that no file is on this line, Shell mode loses the current directory, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3089 @section Are there any security risks in Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3090 @cindex Security with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3091 @cindex @samp{movemail} and security
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3092 @cindex @code{file-local-variable} and security
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3093 @cindex Synthetic X events and security
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3094 @cindex X events and security
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3095
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3096 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3097
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3098 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3099 The @file{movemail} incident. (No, this is not a risk.)
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3100
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3101 In his book @cite{The Cuckoo's Egg}, Cliff Stoll describes this in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3102 chapter 4. The site at LBL had installed the @file{/etc/movemail}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3103 program setuid root. (As of version 19, @file{movemail} is in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3104 architecture-specific directory; type @kbd{C-h v exec-directory
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3105 @key{RET}} to see what it is.) Since @code{movemail} had not been
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3106 designed for this situation, a security hole was created and users could
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3107 get root privileges.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3108
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3109 @code{movemail} has since been changed so that this security hole will
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3110 not exist, even if it is installed setuid root. However,
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3111 @code{movemail} no longer needs to be installed setuid root, which
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3112 should eliminate this particular risk.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3113
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3114 We have heard unverified reports that the 1988 Internet worm took
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3115 advantage of this configuration problem.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3116
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3117 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3118 The @code{file-local-variable} feature. (Yes, a risk, but easy to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3119 change.)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3120
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3121 There is an Emacs feature that allows the setting of local values for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3122 variables when editing a file by including specially formatted text near
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3123 the end of the file. This feature also includes the ability to have
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3124 arbitrary Emacs Lisp code evaluated when the file is visited.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3125 Obviously, there is a potential for Trojan horses to exploit this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3126 feature.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3127
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3128 Emacs 18 allowed this feature by default; users could disable it by
56279
b1ae5333057a * ses.texi, viper.texi, search.texi, flymake.texi, faq.texi:
Jesper Harder <harder@ifa.au.dk>
parents: 55201
diff changeset
3129 setting the variable @code{inhibit-local-variables} to a non-@code{nil} value.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3130
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3131 As of Emacs 19, Emacs has a list of local variables that create a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3132 security risk. If a file tries to set one of them, it asks the user to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3133 confirm whether the variables should be set. You can also tell Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3134 whether to allow the evaluation of Emacs Lisp code found at the bottom
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3135 of files by setting the variable @code{enable-local-eval}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3136
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3137 For more information, @inforef{File Variables, File Variables, emacs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3138
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3139 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3140 Synthetic X events. (Yes, a risk; use @samp{MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1} or
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3141 better.)
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3142
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3143 Emacs accepts synthetic X events generated by the @code{SendEvent}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3144 request as though they were regular events. As a result, if you are
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3145 using the trivial host-based authentication, other users who can open X
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3146 connections to your X workstation can make your Emacs process do
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3147 anything, including run other processes with your privileges.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3148
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3149 The only fix for this is to prevent other users from being able to open
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3150 X connections. The standard way to prevent this is to use a real
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3151 authentication mechanism, such as @samp{MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1}. If using
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3152 the @code{xauth} program has any effect, then you are probably using
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3153 @samp{MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1}. Your site may be using a superior
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3154 authentication method; ask your system administrator.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3155
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3156 If real authentication is not a possibility, you may be satisfied by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3157 just allowing hosts access for brief intervals while you start your X
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3158 programs, then removing the access. This reduces the risk somewhat by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3159 narrowing the time window when hostile users would have access, but
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3160 @emph{does not eliminate the risk}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3161
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
3162 On most computers running Unix and X, you enable and disable
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3163 access using the @code{xhost} command. To allow all hosts access to
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3164 your X server, use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3165
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3166 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3167 xhost +
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3168 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3169
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3170 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3171 at the shell prompt, which (on an HP machine, at least) produces the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3172 following message:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3173
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3174 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3175 access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3176 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3177
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3178 To deny all hosts access to your X server (except those explicitly
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3179 allowed by name), use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3180
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3181 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3182 xhost -
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3183 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3184
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3185 On the test HP computer, this command generated the following message:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3186
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3187 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3188 access control enabled, only authorized clients can connect
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3189 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3190
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3191 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3192
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3193 @node Dired claims that no file is on this line, , Security risks with Emacs, Bugs and problems
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3194 @section Dired says, @samp{no file on this line} when I try to do something.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3195 @cindex Dired does not see a file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3196
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3197 @c FIXME: I think this is fixed in Emacs 21, but I didn't have time to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3198 @c check.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3199 Chances are you're using a localized version of Unix that doesn't use US
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3200 date format in dired listings. You can check this by looking at dired
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3201 listings or by typing @kbd{ls -l} to a shell and looking at the dates that
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3202 come out.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3203
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3204 Dired uses a regular expression to find the beginning of a file name.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3205 In a long Unix-style directory listing (@samp{ls -l}), the file name
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3206 starts after the date. The regexp has thus been written to look for the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3207 date, the format of which can vary on non-US systems.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3208
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3209 There are two approaches to solving this. The first one involves
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3210 setting things up so that @samp{ls -l} outputs US date format. This can
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3211 be done by setting the locale. See your OS manual for more information.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3212
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3213 The second approach involves changing the regular expression used by
66325
fda96ff4c7e5 * files.el (directory-listing-before-filename-regexp): New
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents: 65041
diff changeset
3214 dired, @code{directory-listing-before-filename-regexp}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3215
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3216 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3217 @node Compiling and installing Emacs, Finding Emacs and related packages, Bugs and problems, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3218 @chapter Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3219 @cindex Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3220
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3221 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3222 * Installing Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3223 * Updating Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3224 * Problems building Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3225 * Linking with -lX11 fails::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3226 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3227
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3228 @node Installing Emacs, Updating Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3229 @section How do I install Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3230 @cindex Installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3231 @cindex Unix systems, installing Emacs on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3232 @cindex Downloading and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3233 @cindex Retrieving and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3234 @cindex Building Emacs from source
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3235 @cindex Source code, building Emacs from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3236 @cindex Unpacking and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3237
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3238 This answer is meant for users of Unix and Unix-like systems. Users of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3239 other operating systems should see the series of questions beginning
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3240 with @ref{Emacs for MS-DOS}, which describe where to get non-Unix source
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3241 and binaries, and how to install Emacs on those systems.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3242
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3243 For Unix and Unix-like systems, the easiest way is often to compile it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3244 from scratch. You will need:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3245
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3246 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3247
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3248 @item
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3249 Emacs sources. @xref{Current GNU distributions}, for a list of ftp sites
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3250 that make them available. On @file{ftp.gnu.org}, the main GNU
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3251 distribution site, sources are available as
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3252
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3253 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/emacs-@value{VER}.tar.gz}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3254
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3255 The above will obviously change as new versions of Emacs come out. For
59996
aac0a33f5772 Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59713
diff changeset
3256 instance, when Emacs 22.42 is released, it will most probably be
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3257 available as
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3258
59996
aac0a33f5772 Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59713
diff changeset
3259 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/emacs-22.42.tar.gz}
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3260
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3261 Again, you should use one of the GNU mirror sites (see @ref{Current GNU
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3262 distributions}, and adjust the URL accordingly) so as to reduce load on
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3263 @file{ftp.gnu.org}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3264
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3265 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3266 @code{gzip}, the GNU compression utility. You can get @code{gzip} via
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3267 anonymous ftp at mirrors of @file{ftp.gnu.org} sites; it should compile
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3268 and install without much trouble on most systems. Once you have
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3269 retrieved the Emacs sources, you will probably be able to uncompress
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3270 them with the command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3271
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3272 @example
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3273 gunzip --verbose emacs-@value{VER}.tar.gz
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3274 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3275
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3276 @noindent
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3277 changing the Emacs version (@value{VER}), as necessary. Once
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3278 @code{gunzip} has finished doing its job, a file by the name of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3279 @file{emacs-@value{VER}.tar} should be in your build directory.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3280
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3281 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3282 @code{tar}, the @dfn{tape archiving} program, which moves multiple files
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3283 into and out of archive files, or @dfn{tarfiles}. All of the files
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3284 comprising the Emacs source come in a single tarfile, and must be
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3285 extracted using @code{tar} before you can build Emacs. Typically, the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3286 extraction command would look like
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3287
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3288 @example
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3289 tar -xvvf emacs-@value{VER}.tar
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3290 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3291
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3292 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3293 The @samp{x} indicates that we want to extract files from this tarfile,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3294 the two @samp{v}s force verbose output, and the @samp{f} tells
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3295 @code{tar} to use a disk file, rather than one on the tape drive.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3296
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3297 If you're using GNU @code{tar} (available at mirrors of
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3298 @file{ftp.gnu.org}), you can combine this step and the previous one by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3299 using the command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3300
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3301 @example
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3302 tar -zxvvf emacs-@value{VER}.tar.gz
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3303 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3304
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3305 @noindent
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3306 The additional @samp{z} at the beginning of the options list tells GNU
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3307 @code{tar} to uncompress the file with @code{gunzip} before extracting
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3308 the tarfile's components.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3309
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3310 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3311
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3312 At this point, the Emacs sources (all 70+ megabytes of them) should be
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3313 sitting in a directory called @file{emacs-@value{VER}}. On most common
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3314 Unix and Unix-like systems, you should be able to compile Emacs (with X
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3315 Window system support) with the following commands:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3316
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3317 @example
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3318 cd emacs-@value{VER} # change directory to emacs-@value{VER}
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3319 ./configure # configure Emacs for your particular system
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3320 make # use Makefile to build components, then Emacs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3321 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3322
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3323 If the @code{make} completes successfully, the odds are fairly good that
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3324 the build has gone well. (@xref{Problems building Emacs}, if you weren't
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3325 successful.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3326
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3327 By default, Emacs is installed in the following directories:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3328
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3329 @table @file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3330 @item /usr/local/bin
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3331 binaries.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3332
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3333 @item /usr/local/share/emacs/@value{VER}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3334 Lisp code and support files.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3335
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3336 @item /usr/local/info
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3337 Info documentation.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3338 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3339
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3340 To install files in those default directories, become the superuser and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3341 type
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3342
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3343 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3344 make install
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3345 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3346
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3347 Note that @samp{make install} will overwrite @file{/usr/local/bin/emacs}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3348 and any Emacs Info files that might be in @file{/usr/local/info}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3349
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3350 Much more verbose instructions (with many more hints and suggestions)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3351 come with the Emacs sources, in the file @file{INSTALL}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3352
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3353 @node Updating Emacs, Problems building Emacs, Installing Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3354 @section How do I update Emacs to the latest version?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3355 @cindex Updating Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3356
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3357 @xref{Installing Emacs}, and follow the instructions there for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3358 installation.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3359
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3360 Most files are placed in version-specific directories. Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3361 @value{VER}, for instance, places files in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3362 @file{/usr/local/share/emacs/@value{VER}}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3363
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3364 Upgrading should overwrite only, @file{/usr/local/bin/emacs} (the Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3365 binary) and documentation in @file{/usr/local/info}. Back up these
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3366 files before you upgrade, and you shouldn't have too much trouble.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3367
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3368 @node Problems building Emacs, Linking with -lX11 fails, Updating Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3369 @section What should I do if I have trouble building Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3370 @cindex Problems building Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3371 @cindex Errors when building Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3372
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3373 First look in the file @file{etc/PROBLEMS} (where you unpack the Emacs
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3374 source) to see if there is already a solution for your problem. Next,
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3375 look for other questions in this FAQ that have to do with Emacs
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3376 installation and compilation problems.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3377
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3378 If you'd like to have someone look at your problem and help solve it,
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3379 see @ref{Help installing Emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3380
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3381 If you cannot find a solution in the documentation, send a message to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3382 @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3383
37806
8da84c32ff29 Avoid overfull hboxes.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37597
diff changeset
3384 Please don't post it to @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help} or send e-mail to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3385 @email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org}. For further guidelines, see
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3386 @ref{Guidelines for newsgroup postings} and @ref{Reporting bugs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3387
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3388 @node Linking with -lX11 fails, , Problems building Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3389 @section Why does linking Emacs with -lX11 fail?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3390 @cindex Linking with -lX11 fails
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3391 @cindex lX11, linking fails with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3392
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3393 Emacs needs to be linked with the static version of the X11 library,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3394 @file{libX11.a}. This may be missing.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3395
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3396 On OpenWindows, you may need to use @code{add_services} to add the
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3397 ``OpenWindows Programmers'' optional software category from the CD-ROM.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3398
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3399 On HP-UX 8.0, you may need to run @code{update} again to load the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3400 X11-PRG ``fileset''. This may be missing even if you specified ``all
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3401 filesets'' the first time. If @file{libcurses.a} is missing, you may
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3402 need to load the ``Berkeley Development Option.''
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3403
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3404 @email{zoo@@armadillo.com, David Zuhn} says that MIT X builds shared
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3405 libraries by default, and only shared libraries, on those platforms that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3406 support them. These shared libraries can't be used when undumping
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3407 @code{temacs} (the last stage of the Emacs build process). To get
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3408 regular libraries in addition to shared libraries, add this to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3409 @file{site.cf}:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3410
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3411 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3412 #define ForceNormalLib YES
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3413 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3414
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3415 Other systems may have similar problems. You can always define
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3416 @code{CANNOT_DUMP} and link with the shared libraries instead.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3417
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3418 @cindex X Menus don't work
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3419 To get the Xmenu stuff to work, you need to find a copy of MIT's
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3420 @file{liboldX.a}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3421
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3422 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3423 @node Finding Emacs and related packages, Major packages and programs, Compiling and installing Emacs, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3424 @chapter Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3425 @cindex Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3426
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3427 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3428 * Finding Emacs on the Internet::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3429 * Finding a package with particular functionality::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3430 * Packages that do not come with Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3431 * Current GNU distributions::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3432 * Difference between Emacs and XEmacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3433 * Emacs for MS-DOS::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3434 * Emacs for Windows::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3435 * Emacs for OS/2::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3436 * Emacs for Atari ST::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3437 * Emacs for the Amiga ::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3438 * Emacs for NeXTSTEP::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3439 * Emacs for Apple computers::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3440 * Emacs for VMS and DECwindows::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3441 * Modes for various languages::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3442 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3443
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3444 @node Finding Emacs on the Internet, Finding a package with particular functionality, Finding Emacs and related packages, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3445 @section Where can I get Emacs on the net (or by snail mail)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3446 @cindex Finding Emacs on the Internet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3447 @cindex Snail mail, ordering Emacs via
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3448 @cindex Postal service, ordering Emacs via
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3449 @cindex Distribution, retrieving Emacs
46918
82d113655734 Minor spelling and grammar corrections.
Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>
parents: 46655
diff changeset
3450 @cindex Internet, retrieving from
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3451
51449
352a8000c437 Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 50954
diff changeset
3452 Look in the files @file{etc/DISTRIB} and @file{etc/FTP} for
352a8000c437 Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 50954
diff changeset
3453 information on nearby archive sites. If you don't already have Emacs,
352a8000c437 Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 50954
diff changeset
3454 see @ref{Informational files for Emacs}, for how to get these files.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3455
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3456 @xref{Installing Emacs}, for information on how to obtain and build the latest
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3457 version of Emacs, and see @ref{Current GNU distributions}, for a list of
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3458 archive sites that make GNU software available.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3459
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3460 @node Finding a package with particular functionality, Packages that do not come with Emacs, Finding Emacs on the Internet, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3461 @section How do I find a Emacs Lisp package that does XXX?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3462 @cindex Package, finding
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3463 @cindex Finding an Emacs Lisp package
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3464 @cindex Functionality, finding a particular package
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3465
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3466 First of all, you should check to make sure that the package isn't
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3467 already available. For example, typing @kbd{M-x apropos @key{RET}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3468 wordstar @key{RET}} lists all functions and variables containing the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3469 string @samp{wordstar}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3470
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3471 It is also possible that the package is on your system, but has not been
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3472 loaded. To see which packages are available for loading, look through
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3473 your computer's lisp directory (@pxref{File-name conventions}). The Lisp
36344
6c3540ec3c12 (Finding a package with particular functionality):
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36301
diff changeset
3474 source to most packages contains a short description of how they
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3475 should be loaded, invoked, and configured---so before you use or
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3476 modify a Lisp package, see if the author has provided any hints in the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3477 source code.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3478
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3479 The command @kbd{C-h p} (@code{finder-by-keyword}) allows you to browse
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3480 the constituent Emacs packages.
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3481
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3482 For advice on how to find extra packages that are not part of Emacs,
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3483 see @ref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}.
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3484
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3485 @node Packages that do not come with Emacs, Current GNU distributions, Finding a package with particular functionality, Finding Emacs and related packages
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3486 @section Where can I get Emacs Lisp packages that don't come with Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3487 @cindex Unbundled packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3488 @cindex Finding other packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3489 @cindex Lisp packages that do not come with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3490 @cindex Packages, those that do not come with Emacs
50791
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3491 @cindex Emacs Lisp List
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3492 @cindex Emacs Lisp Archive
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3493
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3494 @uref{http://www.anc.ed.ac.uk/~stephen/emacs/ell.html, The Emacs Lisp
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3495 List (ELL)}, maintained by @email{stephen@@anc.ed.ac.uk, Stephen Eglen},
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3496 aims to provide one compact list with links to all of the current Emacs
70501
b31d4dcfe813 (Using regular expressions): Fix typo.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69693
diff changeset
3497 Lisp files on the Internet. The ELL can be browsed over the web, or
59996
aac0a33f5772 Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59713
diff changeset
3498 from Emacs with @uref{http://www.anc.ed.ac.uk/~stephen/emacs/ell.el,
50791
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3499 the @file{ell} package}.
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3500
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3501 Many authors post their packages to the @uref{news:gnu.emacs.sources,
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3502 Emacs sources newsgroup}. You can search the archives of this
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
3503 group with @uref{http://groups.google.com/group/gnu.emacs.sources, Google},
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
3504 or @uref{http://dir.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.sources, Gmane}, for example.
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3505
50791
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3506 Several packages are stored in
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3507 @uref{http://emacswiki.org/elisp/, the Lisp area of the Emacs Wiki}.
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3508
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3509 For a long time, the Emacs Lisp Archive provided a central repository
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3510 for Emacs packages. Sadly, it has not been active for some time,
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3511 although you can still access the old files at
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3512
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
3513 @uref{http://www.club.cc.cmu.edu/pub/gnu/elisp-archive/}
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3514
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
3515 Read the file @file{etc/MORE.STUFF} for more information about
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
3516 external packages.
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
3517
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3518 @node Current GNU distributions, Difference between Emacs and XEmacs, Packages that do not come with Emacs, Finding Emacs and related packages
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3519 @section Where can I get other up-to-date GNU stuff?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3520 @cindex Current GNU distributions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3521 @cindex Sources for current GNU distributions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3522 @cindex Stuff, current GNU
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3523 @cindex Up-to-date GNU stuff
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3524 @cindex Finding current GNU software
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3525 @cindex Official GNU software sites
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3526
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3527 The most up-to-date official GNU software is normally kept at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3528
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3529 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3530
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3531 Read the files @file{etc/DISTRIB} and @file{etc/FTP} for more
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3532 information.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3533
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3534 A list of sites mirroring @samp{ftp.gnu.org} can be found at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3535
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3536 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/ftp.html}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3537
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3538 @node Difference between Emacs and XEmacs, Emacs for MS-DOS, Current GNU distributions, Finding Emacs and related packages
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3539 @section What is the difference between Emacs and XEmacs (formerly Lucid Emacs)?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3540 @cindex XEmacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3541 @cindex Difference Emacs and XEmacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3542 @cindex Lucid Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3543 @cindex Epoch
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3544
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3545 XEmacs is a branch version of Emacs. It was first called Lucid Emacs,
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3546 and was initially derived from a prerelease version of Emacs 19. In
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3547 this FAQ, we use the name ``Emacs'' only for the official version.
56795
8dc694fe14f2 (Difference between Emacs and XEmacs): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56757
diff changeset
3548
8dc694fe14f2 (Difference between Emacs and XEmacs): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56757
diff changeset
3549 Emacs and XEmacs each come with Lisp packages that are lacking in the
8dc694fe14f2 (Difference between Emacs and XEmacs): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56757
diff changeset
3550 other. The two versions have some significant differences at the Lisp
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3551 programming level. Their current features are roughly comparable,
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3552 though the support for some operating systems, character sets and
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3553 specific packages might be quite different.
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3554
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3555 Some XEmacs code has been contributed to Emacs, and we would like to
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3556 use other parts, but the earlier XEmacs maintainers did not always
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3557 keep track of the authors of contributed code, which makes it
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3558 impossible for the FSF to get copyright papers signed for that code.
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3559 (The FSF requires these papers for all the code included in the Emacs
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3560 release, aside from generic C support packages that retain their
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3561 separate identity and are not integrated into the code of Emacs
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3562 proper.)
56802
f306b2e60578 (Difference between Emacs and XEmacs):
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56795
diff changeset
3563
f306b2e60578 (Difference between Emacs and XEmacs):
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56795
diff changeset
3564 If you want to talk about these two versions and distinguish them,
f306b2e60578 (Difference between Emacs and XEmacs):
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56795
diff changeset
3565 please call them ``Emacs'' and ``XEmacs.'' To contrast ``XEmacs''
f306b2e60578 (Difference between Emacs and XEmacs):
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56795
diff changeset
3566 with ``GNU Emacs'' would be misleading, since XEmacs too has its
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3567 origin in the work of the GNU Project. Terms such as ``Emacsen'' and
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3568 ``(X)Emacs'' are not wrong, but they are not very clear, so it
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3569 is better to write ``Emacs and XEmacs.''
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3570
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3571 @node Emacs for MS-DOS, Emacs for Windows, Difference between Emacs and XEmacs, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3572 @section Where can I get Emacs for my PC running MS-DOS?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3573 @cindex MS-DOS, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3574 @cindex DOS, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3575 @cindex Compiling Emacs for DOS
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3576 @cindex Emacs for MS-DOS
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3577 @cindex Tools needed to compile Emacs under DOS
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3578
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3579 A pre-built binary distribution of Emacs is available from the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3580 SimTel.NET archives. This version apparently works under MS-DOS and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3581 Windows (3.X, 9X, ME, NT, and 2000) and supports long file names under
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3582 Windows 9X, Windows ME, and Windows 2000. More information is available
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3583 from
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3584
56833
3e8b1ce2675a (Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 56817
diff changeset
3585 @uref{ftp://ftp.delorie.com/pub/djgpp/current/v2gnu/emacs.README}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3586
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3587 The binary itself is available in the files @file{em*.zip} in the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3588 directory
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3589
56833
3e8b1ce2675a (Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 56817
diff changeset
3590 @uref{ftp://ftp.delorie.com/pub/djgpp/current/v2gnu/}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3591
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3592 If you prefer to compile Emacs for yourself, you can do so with the
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3593 current distribution directly. You will need a 386 (or
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3594 better) processor, and to be running MS-DOS 3.0 or later. According to
56833
3e8b1ce2675a (Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 56817
diff changeset
3595 @email{eliz@@gnu.org, Eli Zaretskii} and
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3596 @email{hankedr@@dms.auburn.edu, Darrel Hankerson}, you will need the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3597 following:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3598
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3599 @table @emph
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3600
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3601 @item Compiler
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3602 DJGPP version 1.12 maint 1 or later. Djgpp 2.0 or later is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3603 recommended, since 1.x is very old an unmaintained. Djgpp 2 supports
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3604 long file names on Windows 9X/ME/2K.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3605
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3606 You can get the latest release of DJGPP by retrieving all of
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3607 the files in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3608
56833
3e8b1ce2675a (Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 56817
diff changeset
3609 @uref{ftp://ftp.delorie.com/pub/djgpp/current/v2*}
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3610
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3611 @item Unpacking program
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3612 The easiest way is to use @code{djtar} which comes with DJGPP v2.x,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3613 because it can open gzip'ed tarfiles (i.e., those ending with
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3614 @file{.tar.gz}) in one step. @code{Djtar} comes in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3615 @file{djdev@var{nnn}.zip} archive (where @var{nnn} is the DJGPP version
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3616 number), from the URL mentioned above.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3617
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3618 @strong{Warning!} Do @strong{not} use the popular WinZip program to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3619 unpack the Emacs distribution! WinZip is known to corrupt some of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3620 files by converting them to the DOS CR-LF format, it doesn't always
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3621 preserve the directory structure recorded in the compressed Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3622 archive, and commits other atrocities. Some of these problems could
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3623 actually prevent Emacs from building successfully!
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3624
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3625 @item make, mv, sed, and rm
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3626 All of these utilities are available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3627
56833
3e8b1ce2675a (Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 56817
diff changeset
3628 @uref{ftp://ftp.delorie.com/pub/djgpp/current/v2gnu}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3629
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3630 16-bit utilities can be found in GNUish, at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3631
48785
08b94ecd1d08 Fix URLs.
Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz>
parents: 47737
diff changeset
3632 @uref{http://www.simtel.net/pub/gnuish/}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3633
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3634 @noindent
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3635 (@code{mv} and @code{rm} are in the Fileutils package, @code{sed} and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3636 @code{make} are each one in a separate package named after them.)
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3637
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3638 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3639
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3640 The files @file{INSTALL} (near its end) and @file{etc/PROBLEMS} in the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3641 directory of the Emacs sources contains some additional information
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3642 regarding Emacs under MS-DOS.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3643
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3644 For a list of other MS-DOS implementations of Emacs (and Emacs
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3645 look-alikes), consult the list of ``Emacs implementations and literature,''
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3646 available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3647
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3648 @uref{ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.emacs/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3649
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3650 Note that while many of these programs look similar to Emacs, they often
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3651 lack certain features, such as the Emacs Lisp extension language.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3652
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3653 @node Emacs for Windows, Emacs for OS/2, Emacs for MS-DOS, Finding Emacs and related packages
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
3654 @section Where can I get Emacs for Microsoft Windows?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3655 @cindex FAQ for NT Emacs
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3656 @cindex Emacs for MS-Windows
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3657 @cindex Microsoft Windows, Emacs for
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3658 @cindex Windows 9X, ME, NT, 2K, and CE, Emacs for
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3659
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3660 For information on Emacs for Windows 95 and NT, read the FAQ produced by
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
3661 @email{voelker@@cs.washington.edu, Geoff Voelker} and currently maintained
71381
a453a1e7a2ba changed my email-id
Ramprasad B <ramprasad_i82@yahoo.com>
parents: 70507
diff changeset
3662 by @email{ramprasad@@gnu.org, Ramprasad B}, available at
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3663
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3664 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/windows/ntemacs.html}
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3665
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3666 @xref{Emacs for MS-DOS}, for Windows 3.1.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3667
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3668 A port of Emacs 20.7 for Windows CE, based on NTEmacs, is available at
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3669
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3670 @uref{http://www.rainer-keuchel.de/software.html}
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3671
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3672 @noindent
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3673 This port was done by @email{coyxc@@rainer-keuchel.de, Rainer Keuchel},
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3674 and supports all Emacs features except async subprocesses and menus.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3675 You will need MSVC 6.0 and a Windows CE SDK to build this port.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3676
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3677 @node Emacs for OS/2, Emacs for Atari ST, Emacs for Windows, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3678 @section Where can I get Emacs for my PC running OS/2?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3679 @cindex OS/2, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3680
35061
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3681 Emacs 20.6 is ported for emx on OS/2 2.0 or 2.1, and is available at
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3682
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
3683 @uref{ftp://hobbes.nmsu.edu/pub/os2/apps/editors/emacs/}
35061
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3684
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3685 @noindent
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3686 and also at
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3687
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
3688 @uref{http://www.dotemacs.de/os2/emacs.html}
35061
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3689
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3690 Instructions for installation, basic setup, and other useful information
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3691 for OS/2 users of Emacs can be found at
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3692
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
3693 @uref{http://home.snafu.de/ohei/emacs/emacs206-os2.html}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3694
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3695 @node Emacs for Atari ST, Emacs for the Amiga , Emacs for OS/2, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3696 @section Where can I get Emacs for my Atari ST?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3697 @cindex Atari ST, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3698 @cindex TOS, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3699
68836
f410cdb3c7e1 (Emacs for Atari ST): use Sch@"auble instead of
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents: 68735
diff changeset
3700 Roland Sch@"auble reports that Emacs 18.58 running on plain TOS and MiNT
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3701 is available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3702 @uref{ftp://atari.archive.umich.edu/Editors/Emacs-18-58/1858b-d3.zoo}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3703
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3704 @node Emacs for the Amiga , Emacs for NeXTSTEP, Emacs for Atari ST, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3705 @section Where can I get Emacs for my Amiga?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3706 @cindex Amiga, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3707
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3708 The files you need are available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3709
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3710 @uref{ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/pub/aminet/util/gnu/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3711
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3712 @email{dgilbert@@gamiga.guelphnet.dweomer.org, David Gilbert} has released a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3713 beta version of Emacs 19.25 for the Amiga. You can get the binary at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3714
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3715 @uref{ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/pub/aminet/util/gnu/a2.0bEmacs-bin.lha}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3716
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3717 @node Emacs for NeXTSTEP, Emacs for Apple computers, Emacs for the Amiga , Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3718 @section Where can I get Emacs for NeXTSTEP?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3719 @cindex NeXTSTEP, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3720
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3721 Emacs.app is a NeXTSTEP version of Emacs 19.34 which supports colors,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3722 menus, and multiple frames. You can get it from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3723
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
3724 @uref{ftp://next-ftp.peak.org/pub/next-ftp/next/apps/emacs/Emacs_for_NeXTstep.4.20a1.NIHS.b.tar.gz}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3725
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3726 @node Emacs for Apple computers, Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Emacs for NeXTSTEP, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3727 @section Where can I get Emacs for my Apple computer?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3728 @cindex Apple computers, Emacs for
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3729 @cindex Macintosh, Emacs for
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3730
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3731 Beginning with version 21.1, the Macintosh is supported in the official
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3732 Emacs distribution; see the files @file{mac/README} and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3733 @file{mac/INSTALL} in the Emacs distribution for build instructions.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3734
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
3735 Beginning with version 22.1, Emacs supports Mac OS X natively.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3736
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3737 @node Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Modes for various languages, Emacs for Apple computers, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3738 @section Where do I get Emacs that runs on VMS under DECwindows?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3739 @cindex DECwindows, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3740 @cindex VMS, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3741
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3742 Up-to-date information about GNU software (including Emacs) for VMS is
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
3743 available at @uref{http://www.lp.se/gnu-vms/}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3744
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
3745 @node Modes for various languages, , Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Finding Emacs and related packages
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3746 @section Where can I get modes for Lex, Yacc/Bison, Bourne shell, csh, C@t{++}, Objective-C, Pascal, Java, and Awk?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3747 @cindex Awk, mode for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3748 @cindex @code{awk-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3749 @cindex Bison, mode for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3750 @cindex Bourne Shell, mode for
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3751 @cindex C@t{++}, mode for
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3752 @cindex Java, mode for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3753 @cindex Lex mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3754 @cindex Objective-C, mode for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3755 @cindex @code{pascal-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3756 @cindex Shell mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3757 @cindex Yacc mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3758 @cindex @file{csh} mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3759 @cindex @code{sh-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3760 @cindex @code{cc-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3761
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3762 Most of these modes are now available in standard Emacs distribution.
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3763 To get additional modes, see @ref{Finding a package with particular
59996
aac0a33f5772 Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59713
diff changeset
3764 functionality}.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3765
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3766 Barry Warsaw's @code{cc-mode} now works for C, C@t{++}, Objective-C, and
50791
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3767 Java code. It is distributed with Emacs, but has
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3768 @uref{http://cc-mode.sourceforge.net/, its own homepage}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3769
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3770 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3771 @node Major packages and programs, Key bindings, Finding Emacs and related packages, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3772 @chapter Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3773 @cindex Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3774
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3775 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3776 * VM::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3777 * Supercite::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3778 * Calc::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3779 * VIPER::
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3780 * AUCTeX::
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3781 * BBDB::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3782 * Ispell::
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
3783 * Emacs/W3::
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3784 * EDB::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3785 * Mailcrypt::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3786 * JDE::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3787 * Patch::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3788 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3789
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3790 @node VM, Supercite, Major packages and programs, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3791 @section VM (View Mail) --- another mail reader within Emacs, with MIME support
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3792 @cindex VM
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3793 @cindex Alternative mail software
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3794 @cindex View Mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3795 @cindex E-mail reader, VM
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3796
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3797 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3798
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3799 @item Author
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3800 @email{kyle_jones@@wonderworks.com, Kyle Jones}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3801
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3802 @item Latest version
68657
e0aafc27ed28 (VM): VM now at version 7.19.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68639
diff changeset
3803 7.19
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3804
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3805 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3806 @uref{ftp://ftp.wonderworks.com/pub/vm/vm.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3807
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3808 @item Informational newsgroup
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3809 @uref{news:gnu.emacs.vm.info}@*
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3810
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3811 @item Bug reports newsgroup
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3812 @uref{news:gnu.emacs.vm.bug}@*
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3813 Or send reports to @email{bug-vm@@wonderworks.com}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3814 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3815
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3816 VM 7 works well with Emacs 21. Older versions of VM suitable for use
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3817 with older versions of Emacs are available from
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3818 @uref{ftp://ftp.wonderworks.com/pub/vm/, the same FTP site}.
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3819
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3820
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3821 @node Supercite, Calc, VM, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3822 @section Supercite --- mail and news citation package within Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3823 @cindex Supercite
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3824 @cindex Superyank
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3825 @cindex Mail and news citations
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3826 @cindex News and mail citations
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3827 @cindex Citations in mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3828
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3829 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3830
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3831 @item Author
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3832 @email{barry@@python.org, Barry Warsaw}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3833
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3834 @item Latest version
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3835 3.54 (comes bundled with Emacs since version 20)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3836
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3837 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3838 @uref{http://www.python.org/emacs/supercite.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3839
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3840 @item Mailing list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3841 Subscription requests to @email{supercite-request@@python.org}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3842 Submissions @email{supercite@@python.org}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3843
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3844 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3845
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3846 Superyank is an old version of Supercite.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3847
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3848 @node Calc, VIPER, Supercite, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3849 @section Calc --- poor man's Mathematica within Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3850 @cindex Programmable calculator
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3851 @cindex Calc
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3852 @cindex Mathematical package
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3853
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3854 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3855
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3856 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3857 @email{daveg@@csvax.cs.caltech.edu, Dave Gillespie}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3858
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3859 @item Latest version
67543
afe4c3f8dfeb (Calc): Update the version number.
Jay Belanger <jay.p.belanger@gmail.com>
parents: 67483
diff changeset
3860 2.1 (part of Emacs since version 22.1)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3861
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3862 @item Distribution
56757
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3863 No separate distribution outside of Emacs. Older versions
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3864 are available at @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/calc/}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3865
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3866 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3867
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3868 Note that Calc 2.02f needs patching to work with Emacs 21 and later.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3869
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3870 @cindex @code{calculator}, a package
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3871 Emacs 21.1 and later comes with a package called @file{calculator.el}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3872 It doesn't support all the mathematical wizardry offered by Calc, such
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3873 as matrices, special functions, and statistics, but is more than
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3874 adequate as a replacement for @code{xcalc} and similar programs.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3875
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3876 @node VIPER, AUCTeX, Calc, Major packages and programs
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3877 @section VIPER --- @code{vi} emulation for Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3878 @cindex @code{vi} emulation
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3879 @cindex VIPER
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3880 @cindex Emulation of @code{vi}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3881
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3882 Since Emacs 19.29, the preferred @code{vi} emulation in Emacs is VIPER
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3883 (@kbd{M-x viper-mode @key{RET}}), which comes with Emacs. It extends
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3884 and supersedes VIP (including VIP 4.3) and provides @code{vi} emulation
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3885 at several levels, from one that closely follows @code{vi} to one that
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3886 departs from @code{vi} in several significant ways.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3887
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3888 For Emacs 19.28 and earlier, the following version of VIP is generally
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3889 better than the one distributed with Emacs:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3890
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3891 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3892 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3893 @email{sane@@cs.uiuc.edu, Aamod Sane}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3894
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3895 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3896 4.3
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3897
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3898 @item Distribution
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
3899 @uref{ftp://www.club.cc.cmu.edu/pub/gnu/elisp-archive/modes/vip-mode.tar.Z}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3900
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3901 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3902
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3903 @node AUCTeX, BBDB, VIPER, Major packages and programs
56757
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3904 @section AUC@TeX{} --- enhanced @TeX{} modes with debugging facilities
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3905 @cindex Mode for @TeX{}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3906 @cindex @TeX{} mode
56757
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3907 @cindex AUC@TeX{} mode for editing @TeX{}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3908 @cindex Writing and debugging @TeX{}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3909
56757
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3910 AUC@TeX{} is a set of sophisticated major modes for @TeX{}, LaTeX,
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3911 ConTeXt, and Texinfo offering context-sensitive syntax highlighting,
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3912 indentation, formatting and folding, macro completion, @TeX{} shell
67691
5e3db5999d74 (AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 67576
diff changeset
3913 functionality, and debugging. Be also sure to check out
5e3db5999d74 (AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 67576
diff changeset
3914 @ref{Introduction, RefTeX, Introduction, reftex, Ref@TeX{} User Manual}.
5e3db5999d74 (AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 67576
diff changeset
3915 Current versions of AUC@TeX{} include the
5e3db5999d74 (AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 67576
diff changeset
3916 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/auctex/preview-latex,preview-latex}
5e3db5999d74 (AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 67576
diff changeset
3917 package for WYSIWYG previews of various LaTeX constructs in the Emacs
5e3db5999d74 (AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 67576
diff changeset
3918 source buffer.
56757
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3919
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3920 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3921
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3922 @item Authors
56757
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3923 @email{krab@@iesd.auc.dk, Kresten Krab Thorup}, @*
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3924 @email{abraham@@dina.kvl.dk, Per Abrahamsen}, @* and others.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3925
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3926 @item Maintainer
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3927 @email{dak@@gnu.org, David Kastrup}
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3928
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3929 @item Latest version
67691
5e3db5999d74 (AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 67576
diff changeset
3930 11.82
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3931
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3932 @item Distribution
56757
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3933 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/auctex/}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3934
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3935 @item Web site
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3936 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/auctex/}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3937
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3938 @item Mailing list:
67691
5e3db5999d74 (AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 67576
diff changeset
3939 Subscription requests to @email{auctex-request@@gnu.org}@*
5e3db5999d74 (AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 67576
diff changeset
3940 Submissions to @email{auctex@@gnu.org}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3941
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3942 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3943
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3944 @node BBDB, Ispell, AUCTeX, Major packages and programs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3945 @section BBDB --- personal Info Rolodex integrated with mail/news readers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3946 @cindex BBDB
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3947 @cindex Rolodex-like functionality
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3948 @cindex Integrated contact database
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3949 @cindex Contact database
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3950 @cindex Big Brother Database
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3951 @cindex Address book
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3952
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3953 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3954
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3955 @item Maintainer
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3956 @email{waider@@waider.ie, Ronan Waide}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3957
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3958 @item Latest version
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3959 2.34
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3960
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3961 @item Distribution
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3962 @uref{http://bbdb.sourceforge.net/}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3963
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3964 @item Mailing lists
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3965 Subscription requests to @email{bbdb-info-request@@lists.sourceforge.net}@*
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3966 Submissions to @email{bbdb-info@@lists.sourceforge.net}@*
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3967 Release announcements: @email{bbdb-announce-request@@lists.sourceforge.net}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3968
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3969 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3970
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
3971 @node Ispell, Emacs/W3, BBDB, Major packages and programs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3972 @section Ispell --- spell checker in C with interface for Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3973 @cindex Spell-checker
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3974 @cindex Checking spelling
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3975 @cindex Ispell
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3976
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3977 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3978
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3979 @item Author
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
3980 @email{geoff@@cs.hmc.edu, Geoff Kuenning}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3981
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3982 @item Latest version
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
3983 3.3.02
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3984
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3985 @item Distribution
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
3986 @uref{http://fmg-www.cs.ucla.edu/geoff/tars/ispell-3.3.02.tar.gz}@*
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3987
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3988 @item Web site
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3989 @uref{http://fmg-www.cs.ucla.edu/geoff/ispell.html}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3990
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3991 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3992
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3993 This Ispell program is distinct from GNU Ispell 4.0. GNU Ispell 4.0 is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3994 no longer a supported product.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3995
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
3996 @node Emacs/W3, EDB, Ispell, Major packages and programs
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
3997 @section Emacs/W3 --- A World Wide Web browser inside of Emacs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3998 @cindex WWW browser
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3999 @cindex Web browser
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4000 @cindex HTML browser in Emacs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4001 @cindex @code{w3-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4002
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4003 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4004
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4005 @item Author
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4006 @email{wmperry@@gnu.org, Bill Perry}
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4007
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4008 @item Maintainer
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4009 Emacs/W3 needs a maintainer. It has lain dormant for several years. If
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4010 you would like to take over the project, please contact
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4011 @email{maintainers@@gnu.org}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4012
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4013 @item Latest version
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4014 4.0pre.47
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4015
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4016 @item Distribution
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4017 @uref{http://savannah.gnu.org/projects/w3}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4018
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4019 @item Mailing lists
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4020 Receive announcements from @email{w3-announce@@gnu.org}@*
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4021 Help to develop Emacs/W3 at @email{w3-dev@@gnu.org}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4022
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4023 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4024
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4025 @node EDB, Mailcrypt, Emacs/W3, Major packages and programs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4026 @section EDB --- Database program for Emacs; replaces forms editing modes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4027 @cindex EDB
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4028 @cindex Database
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4029 @cindex Forms mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4030
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4031 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4032 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4033 @email{mernst@@theory.lcs.mit.edu, Michael Ernst}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4034
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4035 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4036 1.21
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4037
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4038 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4039 @uref{ftp://theory.lcs.mit.edu/pub/emacs/edb}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4040
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4041 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4042
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4043 @node Mailcrypt, JDE, EDB, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4044 @section Mailcrypt --- PGP interface within Emacs mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4045 @cindex PGP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4046 @cindex GPG
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4047 @cindex Interface to PGP from Emacs mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4048 @cindex News, interface to PGP from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4049 @cindex Mail, interface to PGP from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4050 @cindex Encryption software, interface to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4051
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4052 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4053
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4054 @item Authors
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4055 @email{patl@@lcs.mit.edu, Patrick J. LoPresti} and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4056 @email{jin@@atype.com, Jin S. Choi}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4057
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4058 @item Maintainer
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4059 @email{warner-mailcrypt@@lothar.com, Brian Warner}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4060
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4061 @item Latest version
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4062 3.5.8
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4063
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4064 @item Distribution
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4065 @uref{http://dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/mailcrypt/mailcrypt-3.5.8.tar.gz}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4066
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4067 @item Web site
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4068 @uref{http://mailcrypt.sourceforge.net/}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4069
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4070 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4071
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4072 Note that a new package called PGG is bundled with Emacs starting with
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4073 version 22.1. It is a modern interface to various PGP implementations,
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4074 including @uref{http://www.gnupg.org/, The GNU Privacy Guard} and
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4075 supports symmetric encryption.
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4076
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4077 @node JDE, Patch, Mailcrypt, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4078 @section JDE --- Integrated development environment for Java
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4079 @cindex Java development environment
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4080 @cindex Integrated Java development environment
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4081 @cindex JDE
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4082
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4083 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4084
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4085 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4086 @email{paulk@@mathworks.com, Paul Kinnucan}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4087
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4088 @item Latest version
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4089 2.3.5
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4090
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4091 @item Web site
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4092 @uref{http://jdee.sunsite.dk/}
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4093
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4094 @item Mailing lists
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4095 Subscription requests to @email{jde-subscribe@@sunsite.dk}@*
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4096 Receive announcements from @email{jde-announce-subscribe@@sunsite.dk}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4097
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4098 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4099
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4100 @node Patch, , JDE, Major packages and programs
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
4101 @section Patch --- program to apply ``diffs'' for updating files
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4102 @cindex Updating files with diffs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4103 @cindex Patching source files with diffs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4104 @cindex Diffs and patching
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4105 @cindex @file{patch}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4106
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4107 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4108
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4109 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4110 @email{lwall@@wall.org, Larry Wall} (with GNU modifications)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4111
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4112 @item Latest version
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4113 2.5.4
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4114
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4115 @item Distribution
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
4116 @xref{Current GNU distributions}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4117
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4118 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4119
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4120 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4121 @node Key bindings, Alternate character sets, Major packages and programs, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4122 @chapter Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4123 @cindex Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4124
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4125 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4126 * Binding keys to commands::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4127 * Invalid prefix characters::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4128 * Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4129 * Using function keys under X::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4130 * Working with function and arrow keys::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4131 * X key translations for Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4132 * Handling C-s and C-q with flow control::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4133 * Binding C-s and C-q::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4134 * Backspace invokes help::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4135 * stty and Backspace key::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4136 * Swapping keys::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4137 * Producing C-XXX with the keyboard::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4138 * No Meta key::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4139 * No Escape key::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4140 * Compose Character::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4141 * Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4142 * Meta key does not work in xterm::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4143 * ExtendChar key does not work as Meta::
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4144 * SPC no longer completes file names::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4145 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4146
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4147 @node Binding keys to commands, Invalid prefix characters, Key bindings, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4148 @section How do I bind keys (including function keys) to commands?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4149 @cindex Binding keys to commands
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4150 @cindex Keys, binding to commands
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4151 @cindex Commands, binding keys to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4152
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4153 Keys can be bound to commands either interactively or in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4154 @file{.emacs} file. To interactively bind keys for all modes, type
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4155 @kbd{M-x global-set-key @key{RET} @var{key} @var{cmd} @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4156
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4157 To bind a key just in the current major mode, type @kbd{M-x
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4158 local-set-key @key{RET} @var{key} @var{cmd} @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4159
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4160 @inforef{Key Bindings, Key Bindings, emacs}, for further details.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4161
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4162 To make the process of binding keys interactively easier, use the
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4163 following ``trick'': First bind the key interactively, then immediately
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4164 type @kbd{C-x @key{ESC} @key{ESC} C-a C-k C-g}. Now, the command needed
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4165 to bind the key is in the kill ring, and can be yanked into your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4166 @file{.emacs} file. If the key binding is global, no changes to the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4167 command are required. For example,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4168
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4169 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4170 (global-set-key (quote [f1]) (quote help-for-help))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4171 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4172
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4173 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4174 can be placed directly into the @file{.emacs} file. If the key binding is
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
4175 local, the command is used in conjunction with the @samp{add-hook} function.
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
4176 For example, in TeX mode, a local binding might be
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4177
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4178 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4179 (add-hook 'tex-mode-hook
28344
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4180 (lambda ()
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4181 (local-set-key (quote [f1]) (quote help-for-help))))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4182 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4183
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4184
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4185 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4186
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4187 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4188 Control characters in key sequences, in the form yanked from the kill
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4189 ring are given in their graphic form---i.e., @key{CTRL} is shown as
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4190 @samp{^}, @key{TAB} as a set of spaces (usually 8), etc. You may want
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4191 to convert these into their vector or string forms.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4192
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4193 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4194 If a prefix key of the character sequence to be bound is already
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4195 bound as a complete key, then you must unbind it before the new
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4196 binding. For example, if @kbd{ESC @{} is previously bound:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4197
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4198 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4199 (global-unset-key [?\e ?@{]) ;; or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4200 (local-unset-key [?\e ?@{])
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4201 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4202
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4203 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4204 Aside from commands and ``lambda lists,'' a vector or string also
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4205 can be bound to a key and thus treated as a macro. For example:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4206
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4207 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4208 (global-set-key [f10] [?\C-x?\e?\e?\C-a?\C-k?\C-g]) ;; or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4209 (global-set-key [f10] "\C-x\e\e\C-a\C-k\C-g")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4210 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4211
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4212 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4213
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4214 @node Invalid prefix characters, Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun, Binding keys to commands, Key bindings
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
4215 @section Why does Emacs say @samp{Key sequence XXX uses invalid prefix characters}?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4216 @cindex Prefix characters, invalid
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4217 @cindex Invalid prefix characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4218 @cindex Misspecified key sequences
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4219
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4220 Usually, one of two things has happened. In one case, the control
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4221 character in the key sequence has been misspecified (e.g. @samp{C-f}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4222 used instead of @samp{\C-f} within a Lisp expression). In the other
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4223 case, a @dfn{prefix key} in the keystroke sequence you were trying to bind
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4224 was already bound as a @dfn{complete key}. Historically, the @samp{ESC [}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4225 prefix was usually the problem, in which case you should evaluate either
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4226 of these forms before attempting to bind the key sequence:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4227
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4228 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4229 (global-unset-key [?\e ?[]) ;; or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4230 (global-unset-key "\e[")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4231 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4232
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4233 @node Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun, Using function keys under X, Invalid prefix characters, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4234 @section Why doesn't this [terminal or window-system setup] code work in my @file{.emacs} file, but it works just fine after Emacs starts up?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4235 @cindex Terminal setup code in @file{.emacs}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4236
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4237 During startup, Emacs initializes itself according to a given code/file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4238 order. If some of the code executed in your @file{.emacs} file needs to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4239 be postponed until the initial terminal or window-system setup code has
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4240 been executed but is not, then you will experience this problem (this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4241 code/file execution order is not enforced after startup).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4242
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4243 To postpone the execution of Emacs Lisp code until after terminal or
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4244 window-system setup, treat the code as a @dfn{lambda list} and set the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4245 value of either the @code{term-setup-hook} or @code{window-setup-hook}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4246 variable to this lambda function. For example,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4247
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4248 @lisp
28344
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4249 (add-hook 'term-setup-hook
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4250 (lambda ()
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4251 (when (string-match "\\`vt220" (or (getenv "TERM") ""))
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4252 ;; Make vt220's "Do" key behave like M-x:
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4253 (global-set-key [do] 'execute-extended-command))))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4254 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4255
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4256 For information on what Emacs does every time it is started, see the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4257 @file{lisp/startup.el} file.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4258
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4259 @node Using function keys under X, Working with function and arrow keys, Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun, Key bindings
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
4260 @section How do I use function keys under X?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4261 @cindex Function keys
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
4262 @cindex X Window System and function keys
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4263 @cindex Binding function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4264
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
4265 With Emacs 19, functions keys under X are bound like any other key. @xref{Binding keys to commands}, for details.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4266
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4267 @node Working with function and arrow keys, X key translations for Emacs, Using function keys under X, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4268 @section How do I tell what characters or symbols my function or arrow keys emit?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4269 @cindex Working with arrow keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4270 @cindex Arrow keys, symbols generated by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4271 @cindex Working with function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4272 @cindex Function keys, symbols generated by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4273 @cindex Symbols generated by function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4274
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4275 Type @kbd{C-h c} then the function or arrow keys. The command will
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4276 return either a function key symbol or character sequence (see the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4277 Emacs on-line documentation for an explanation). This works for other
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4278 keys as well.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4279
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4280 @node X key translations for Emacs, Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Working with function and arrow keys, Key bindings
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4281 @section How do I set the X key ``translations'' for Emacs?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4282 @cindex X key translations
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4283 @cindex Key translations under X
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4284 @cindex Translations for keys under X
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4285
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4286 Emacs is not written using the Xt library by default, so there are no
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4287 ``translations'' to be set. (We aren't sure how to set such translations
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4288 if you do build Emacs with Xt; please let us know if you've done this!)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4289
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4290 The only way to affect the behavior of keys within Emacs is through
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4291 @code{xmodmap} (outside Emacs) or @code{define-key} (inside Emacs). The
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4292 @code{define-key} command should be used in conjunction with the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4293 @code{function-key-map} map. For instance,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4294
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4295 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4296 (define-key function-key-map [M-@key{TAB}] [?\M-\t])
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4297 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4298
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4299 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4300 defines the @kbd{M-@key{TAB}} key sequence.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4301
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4302 @node Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q, X key translations for Emacs, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4303 @section How do I handle @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} being used for flow control?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4304 @cindex Flow control, @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4305 @cindex @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} with flow control
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4306
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4307 @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} are used in the XON/XOFF flow control protocol.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4308 This messes things up when you're using Emacs over a serial line,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4309 because Emacs binds these keys to commands by default. Because Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4310 won't honor them as flow control characters, too many of these
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4311 characters are not passed on and overwhelm output buffers. Sometimes,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4312 intermediate software using XON/XOFF flow control will prevent Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4313 from ever seeing @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4314
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4315 Possible solutions:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4316
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4317 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4318
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4319 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4320 Disable the use of @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} for flow control.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4321
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4322 You need to determine the cause of the flow control.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4323
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4324 @itemize @minus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4325
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4326 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4327 your terminal
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4328
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4329 Your terminal may use XON/XOFF flow control to have time to display
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4330 all the characters it receives. For example, VT series terminals do
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4331 this. It may be possible to turn this off from a setup menu. For
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4332 example, on a VT220 you may select ``No XOFF'' in the setup menu. This
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4333 is also true for some terminal emulation programs on PCs.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4334
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4335 When you turn off flow control at the terminal, you will also need to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4336 turn it off at the other end, which might be at the computer you are
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4337 logged in to or at some terminal server in between.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4338
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4339 If you turn off flow control, characters may be lost; using a printer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4340 connected to the terminal may fail. You may be able to get around
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4341 this problem by modifying the @samp{termcap} entry for your terminal to
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4342 include extra NUL padding characters.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4343
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4344 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4345 a modem
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4346
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4347 If you are using a dialup connection, the modems may be using
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4348 XON/XOFF flow control. It's not clear how to get around this.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4349
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4350 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4351 a router or terminal server
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4352
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4353 Some network box between the terminal and your computer may be using
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4354 XON/XOFF flow control. It may be possible to make it use some other
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4355 kind of flow control. You will probably have to ask your local
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4356 network experts for help with this.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4357
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4358 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4359 @code{tty} and/or @code{pty} devices
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4360
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4361 If your connection to Emacs goes through multiple @code{tty} and/or
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4362 @code{pty} devices, they may be using XON/XOFF flow control even when it
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4363 is not necessary.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4364
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4365 @email{eirik@@theory.tn.cornell.edu, Eirik Fuller} writes:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4366
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4367 @quotation
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4368 Some versions of @code{rlogin} (and possibly @code{telnet}) do not pass
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4369 flow control characters to the remote system to which they connect. On
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4370 such systems, Emacs on the remote system cannot disable flow control on
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4371 the local system. Sometimes @samp{rlogin -8} will avoid this problem.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4372
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4373 One way to cure this is to disable flow control on the local host (the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4374 one running @code{rlogin}, not the one running @code{rlogind}) using the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4375 @code{stty} command, before starting the @code{rlogin} process. On many
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4376 systems, @samp{stty start u stop u} will do this.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4377
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4378 Some versions of @samp{tcsh} will prevent even this from working. One
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4379 way around this is to start another shell before starting rlogin,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4380 and issue the @samp{stty} command to disable flow control from that shell.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4381 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4382
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4383 Use @samp{stty -ixon} instead of @samp{stty start u stop u} on some systems.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4384
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4385 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4386
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4387 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4388 Make Emacs speak the XON/XOFF flow control protocol.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4389
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4390 You can make Emacs treat @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} as flow control characters by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4391 evaluating the form
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4392
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4393 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4394 (enable-flow-control)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4395 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4396
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4397 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4398 to unconditionally enable flow control or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4399
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4400 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4401 (enable-flow-control-on "vt100" "h19")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4402 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4403
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4404 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4405 (using your terminal names instead of @samp{vt100} or @samp{h19}) to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4406 enable selectively. These commands will automatically swap @kbd{C-s}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4407 and @kbd{C-q} to @kbd{C-\} and @kbd{C-^}. Variables can be used to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4408 change the default swap keys (@code{flow-control-c-s-replacement} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4409 @code{flow-control-c-q-replacement}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4410
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4411 If you are fixing this for yourself, simply put the form in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4412 @file{.emacs} file. If you are fixing this for your entire site, the
37597
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4413 best place to put it is in the @file{site-lisp/site-start.el} file.
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4414 (Here @file{site-lisp} is actually a subdirectory of your Emacs
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4415 installation directory, typically @file{/usr/local/share/emacs}.)
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4416 Putting this form in @file{site-lisp/default.el} has the problem that
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4417 if the user's @file{.emacs} file has an error, this will prevent
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4418 @file{default.el} from being loaded and Emacs may be unusable for the
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4419 user, even for correcting their @file{.emacs} file (unless they're
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4420 smart enough to move it to another name).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4421
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4422 @code{enable-flow-control} can be invoked interactively as well:
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4423 @kbd{M-x enable-flow-control @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4424
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4425 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4426
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4427 For further discussion of this issue, read the file @file{etc/PROBLEMS}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4428 (in the Emacs source directory when you unpack the Emacs distribution).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4429
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4430 @node Binding C-s and C-q, Backspace invokes help, Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4431 @section How do I bind @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} (or any key) if these keys are filtered out?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4432 @cindex Binding @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4433 @cindex @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}, binding
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4434
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4435 To bind @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}, use either @code{enable-flow-control}
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4436 or @code{enable-flow-control-on}. @xref{Handling C-s and C-q with flow
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
4437 control}, for usage and implementation details.
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
4438
37597
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4439 To bind other keys, use @code{keyboard-translate}. @xref{Swapping
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4440 keys}, for usage details. To do this for an entire site, you should
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4441 swap the keys in @file{site-lisp/site-start.el}. @xref{Handling C-s
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4442 and C-q with flow control}, for an explanation of why
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4443 @file{site-lisp/default.el} should not be used.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4444
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4445 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4446
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4447 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4448 If you do this for an entire site, the users will be confused by
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4449 the disparity between what the documentation says and how Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4450 actually behaves.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4451
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4452 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4453
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4454 @node Backspace invokes help, stty and Backspace key, Binding C-s and C-q, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4455 @section Why does the @key{Backspace} key invoke help?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4456 @cindex Backspace key invokes help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4457 @cindex Help invoked by Backspace
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4458 @cindex DEL key does not delete
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4459
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
4460 The @key{Backspace} key (on most keyboards) generates @acronym{ASCII} code 8.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4461 @kbd{C-h} sends the same code. In Emacs by default @kbd{C-h} invokes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4462 help-command. This is intended to be easy to remember since the first
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4463 letter of @samp{help} is @samp{h}. The easiest solution to this problem
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4464 is to use @kbd{C-h} (and @key{Backspace}) for help and @key{DEL} (the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4465 @key{Delete} key) for deleting the previous character.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4466
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4467 For many people this solution may be problematic:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4468
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4469 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4470
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4471 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4472 They normally use @key{Backspace} outside of Emacs for deleting the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4473 previous character. This can be solved by making @key{DEL} the command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4474 for deleting the previous character outside of Emacs. On many Unix
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4475 systems, this command will remap @key{DEL}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4476
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4477 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4478 stty erase `^?'
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4479 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4480
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4481 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4482 The user may prefer the @key{Backspace} key for deleting the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4483 previous character because it is more conveniently located on their
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4484 keyboard or because they don't even have a separate @key{Delete} key.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4485 In this case, the @key{Backspace} key should be made to behave like
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4486 @key{Delete}. There are several methods.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4487
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4488 @itemize @minus
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4489 @item
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4490 Some terminals (e.g., VT3## terminals) and terminal emulators (e.g.,
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4491 TeraTerm) allow the character generated by the @key{Backspace} key to be
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4492 changed from a setup menu.
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4493
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4494 @item
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4495 You may be able to get a keyboard that is completely programmable, or a
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4496 terminal emulator that supports remapping of any key to any other key.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4497
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4498 @item
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4499 With Emacs 21.1 and later, you can control the effect of the
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4500 @key{Backspace} and @key{Delete} keys, on both dumb terminals and a
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4501 windowed displays, by customizing the option
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4502 @code{normal-erase-is-backspace-mode}, or by invoking @kbd{M-x
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4503 normal-erase-is-backspace}. See the documentation of these symbols
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4504 (@pxref{Emacs Lisp documentation}) for more info.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4505
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4506 @item
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4507 It is possible to swap the @key{Backspace} and @key{DEL} keys inside
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4508 Emacs:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4509
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4510 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4511 (keyboard-translate ?\C-h ?\C-?)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4512 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4513
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4514 @noindent
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4515 This is the recommended method of forcing @key{Backspace} to act as
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4516 @key{DEL}, because it works even in modes which bind @key{DEL} to
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4517 something other than @code{delete-backward-char}.
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4518
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4519 Similarly, you could remap @key{DEL} to act as @kbd{C-d}, which by
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4520 default deletes forward:
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4521
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4522 @lisp
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4523 (keyboard-translate ?\C-? ?\C-d)
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4524 @end lisp
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4525
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4526 @xref{Swapping keys}, for further details about @code{keyboard-translate}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4527
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4528 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4529 Another approach is to switch key bindings and put help on @kbd{C-x h}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4530 instead:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4531
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4532 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4533 (global-set-key "\C-h" 'delete-backward-char)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4534
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4535 ;;; overrides mark-whole-buffer
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4536 (global-set-key "\C-xh" 'help-command)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4537 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4538
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4539 @noindent
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4540 This method is not recommended, though: it only solves the problem for
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4541 those modes which bind @key{DEL} to @code{delete-backward-char}. Modes
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4542 which bind @key{DEL} to something else, such as @code{view-mode}, will
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4543 not work as you expect when you press the @key{Backspace} key. For this
42674
19880a4faa73 Fix typo.
Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz>
parents: 40705
diff changeset
4544 reason, we recommend the @code{keyboard-translate} method, shown
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4545 above.
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4546
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4547 Other popular key bindings for help are @kbd{M-?} and @kbd{C-x ?}.
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4548 @end itemize
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4549
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4550 Don't try to bind @key{DEL} to @code{help-command}, because there are
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4551 many modes that have local bindings of @key{DEL} that will interfere.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4552
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4553 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4554
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4555 When Emacs 21 or later runs on a windowed display, it binds the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4556 @key{Delete} key to a command which deletes the character at point, to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4557 make Emacs more consistent with keyboard operation on these systems.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4558
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4559 For more information about troubleshooting this problem, see @ref{DEL
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4560 Does Not Delete, , If @key{DEL} Fails to Delete, emacs, The GNU Emacs
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4561 Manual}.
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4562
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4563 @node stty and Backspace key, Swapping keys, Backspace invokes help, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4564 @section Why doesn't Emacs look at the @file{stty} settings for @key{Backspace} vs. @key{Delete}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4565 @cindex @file{stty} and Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4566 @cindex Backspace and @file{stty}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4567 @cindex Delete and @file{stty}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4568
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4569 Good question!
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4570
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4571 @c FIXME: RMS explained the reasons for this on emacs-hackers. It's
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4572 @c probably worth putting that explanation here.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4573
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4574 @node Swapping keys, Producing C-XXX with the keyboard, stty and Backspace key, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4575 @section How do I swap two keys?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4576 @cindex Swapping keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4577 @cindex Keys, swapping
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4578 @cindex @code{keyboard-translate}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4579
65032
863e660c91bd (Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64917
diff changeset
4580 You can swap two keys (or key sequences) by using the
863e660c91bd (Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64917
diff changeset
4581 @code{keyboard-translate} function. For example, to turn @kbd{C-h}
863e660c91bd (Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64917
diff changeset
4582 into @key{DEL} and @key{DEL} to @kbd{C-h}, use
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4583
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4584 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4585 (keyboard-translate ?\C-h ?\C-?) ; translate `C-h' to DEL
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4586 (keyboard-translate ?\C-? ?\C-h) ; translate DEL to `C-h'.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4587 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4588
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4589 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4590 The first key sequence of the pair after the function identifies what is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4591 produced by the keyboard; the second, what is matched for in the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4592 keymaps.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4593
65032
863e660c91bd (Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64917
diff changeset
4594 However, in the specific case of @kbd{C-h} and @key{DEL}, you should
863e660c91bd (Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64917
diff changeset
4595 toggle @code{normal-erase-is-backspace-mode} instead of calling
66325
fda96ff4c7e5 * files.el (directory-listing-before-filename-regexp): New
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents: 65041
diff changeset
4596 @code{keyboard-translate}. @inforef{DEL Does Not Delete, DEL Does Not Delete,
65032
863e660c91bd (Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64917
diff changeset
4597 emacs}.
863e660c91bd (Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64917
diff changeset
4598
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4599 Keyboard translations are not the same as key bindings in keymaps.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4600 Emacs contains numerous keymaps that apply in different situations, but
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4601 there is only one set of keyboard translations, and it applies to every
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4602 character that Emacs reads from the terminal. Keyboard translations
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4603 take place at the lowest level of input processing; the keys that are
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4604 looked up in keymaps contain the characters that result from keyboard
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4605 translation.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4606
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4607 @node Producing C-XXX with the keyboard, No Meta key, Swapping keys, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4608 @section How do I produce C-XXX with my keyboard?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4609 @cindex Producing control characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4610 @cindex Generating control characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4611 @cindex Control characters, generating
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4612
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
4613 On terminals (but not under X), some common ``aliases'' are:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4614
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4615 @table @asis
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4616
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4617 @item @kbd{C-2} or @kbd{C-@key{SPC}}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4618 @kbd{C-@@}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4619
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4620 @item @kbd{C-6}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4621 @kbd{C-^}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4622
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4623 @item @kbd{C-7} or @kbd{C-S--}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4624 @kbd{C-_}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4625
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4626 @item @kbd{C-4}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4627 @kbd{C-\}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4628
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4629 @item @kbd{C-5}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4630 @kbd{C-]}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4631
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4632 @item @kbd{C-/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4633 @kbd{C-?}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4634
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4635 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4636
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4637 Often other aliases exist; use the @kbd{C-h c} command and try
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4638 @key{CTRL} with all of the digits on your keyboard to see what gets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4639 generated. You can also try the @kbd{C-h w} command if you know the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4640 name of the command.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4641
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4642 @node No Meta key, No Escape key, Producing C-XXX with the keyboard, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4643 @section What if I don't have a @key{Meta} key?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4644 @cindex No @key{Meta} key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4645 @cindex @key{Meta} key, what to do if you lack it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4646
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4647 On many keyboards, the @key{Alt} key acts as @key{Meta}, so try it.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4648
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4649 Instead of typing @kbd{M-a}, you can type @kbd{@key{ESC} a}. In fact,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4650 Emacs converts @kbd{M-a} internally into @kbd{@key{ESC} a} anyway
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4651 (depending on the value of @code{meta-prefix-char}). Note that you
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4652 press @key{Meta} and @key{a} together, but with @key{ESC}, you press
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4653 @key{ESC}, release it, and then press @key{a}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4654
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4655 @node No Escape key, Compose Character, No Meta key, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4656 @section What if I don't have an @key{Escape} key?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4657 @cindex No Escape key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4658 @cindex Lacking an Escape key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4659 @cindex Escape key, lacking
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4660
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
4661 Type @kbd{C-[} instead. This should send @acronym{ASCII} code 27 just like an
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4662 Escape key would. @kbd{C-3} may also work on some terminal (but not
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4663 under X). For many terminals (notably DEC terminals) @key{F11}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4664 generates @key{ESC}. If not, the following form can be used to bind it:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4665
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4666 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4667 ;;; F11 is the documented ESC replacement on DEC terminals.
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4668 (define-key function-key-map [f11] [?\e])
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4669 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4670
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4671 @node Compose Character, Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys, No Escape key, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4672 @section Can I make my @key{Compose Character} key behave like a @key{Meta} key?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4673 @cindex @key{Compose Character} key, using as @key{Meta}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4674 @cindex @key{Meta}, using @key{Compose Character} for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4675
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4676 On a dumb terminal such as a VT220, no. It is rumored that certain
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4677 VT220 clones could have their @key{Compose} key configured this way. If
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4678 you're using X, you might be able to do this with the @code{xmodmap}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4679 command.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4680
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4681 @node Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys, Meta key does not work in xterm, Compose Character, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4682 @section How do I bind a combination of modifier key and function key?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4683 @cindex Modifiers and function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4684 @cindex Function keys and modifiers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4685 @cindex Binding modifiers and function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4686
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4687 With Emacs 19 and later, you can represent modified function keys in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4688 vector format by adding prefixes to the function key symbol. For
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4689 example (from the on-line documentation):
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4690
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4691 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4692 (global-set-key [?\C-x right] 'forward-page)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4693 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4694
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4695 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4696 where @samp{?\C-x} is the Lisp character constant for the character @kbd{C-x}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4697
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4698 You can use the modifier keys @key{Control}, @key{Meta}, @key{Hyper},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4699 @key{Super}, @key{Alt}, and @key{Shift} with function keys. To
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4700 represent these modifiers, prepend the strings @samp{C-}, @samp{M-},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4701 @samp{H-}, @samp{s-}, @samp{A-}, and @samp{S-} to the symbol name. Here
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4702 is how to make @kbd{H-M-RIGHT} move forward a word:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4703
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4704 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4705 (global-set-key [H-M-right] 'forward-word)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4706 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4707
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4708 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4709
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4710 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4711 Not all modifiers are permitted in all situations. @key{Hyper},
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4712 @key{Super}, and @key{Alt} are not available on Unix character
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
4713 terminals. Non-@acronym{ASCII} keys and mouse events (e.g. @kbd{C-=} and
36515
9df3f07f2643 Fix case convention for mouse click.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36383
diff changeset
4714 @kbd{Mouse-1}) also fall under this category.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4715
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4716 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4717
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
4718 @xref{Binding keys to commands}, for general key binding instructions.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4719
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4720 @node Meta key does not work in xterm, ExtendChar key does not work as Meta, Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys, Key bindings
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4721 @section Why doesn't my @key{Meta} key work in an @code{xterm} window?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4722 @cindex @key{Meta} key and @code{xterm}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4723 @cindex Xterm and @key{Meta} key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4724
68712
06cc8b33cde0 * faq.texi (Meta key does not work in xterm)
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 68657
diff changeset
4725 @inforef{Unibyte Mode, Single-Byte Character Set Support, emacs}.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4726
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4727 If the advice in the Emacs manual fails, try all of these methods before
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4728 asking for further help:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4729
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4730 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4731
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4732 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4733 You may have big problems using @code{mwm} as your window manager.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4734 (Does anyone know a good generic solution to allow the use of the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4735 @key{Meta} key in Emacs with @file{mwm}?)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4736
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4737 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4738 For X11: Make sure it really is a @key{Meta} key. Use @code{xev} to
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4739 find out what keysym your @key{Meta} key generates. It should be either
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
4740 @code{Meta_L} or @code{Meta_R}. If it isn't, use @file{xmodmap} to fix
39551
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4741 the situation. If @key{Meta} does generate @code{Meta_L} or
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
4742 @code{Meta_R}, but @kbd{M-x} produces a non-@acronym{ASCII} character, put this in
39551
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4743 your @file{~/.Xdefaults} file:
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4744
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4745 @example
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4746 XTerm*eightBitInput: false
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4747 XTerm*eightBitOutput: true
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4748 @end example
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4749
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4750 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4751 Make sure the @code{pty} the @code{xterm} is using is passing 8 bit
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4752 characters. @samp{stty -a} (or @samp{stty everything}) should show
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4753 @samp{cs8} somewhere. If it shows @samp{cs7} instead, use @samp{stty
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4754 cs8 -istrip} (or @samp{stty pass8}) to fix it.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4755
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4756 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4757 If there is an @code{rlogin} connection between @code{xterm} and Emacs, the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4758 @samp{-8} argument may need to be given to rlogin to make it pass all 8 bits
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4759 of every character.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4760
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4761 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4762 If Emacs is running on Ultrix, it is reported that evaluating
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4763 @code{(set-input-mode t nil)} helps.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4764
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4765 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4766 If all else fails, you can make @code{xterm} generate @kbd{@key{ESC} W} when
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4767 you type @kbd{M-W}, which is the same conversion Emacs would make if it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4768 got the @kbd{M-W} anyway. In X11R4, the following resource
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4769 specification will do this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4770
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4771 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4772 XTerm.VT100.EightBitInput: false
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4773 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4774
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4775 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4776 (This changes the behavior of the @code{insert-eight-bit} action.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4777
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4778 With older @code{xterm}s, you can specify this behavior with a translation:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4779
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4780 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4781 XTerm.VT100.Translations: #override \
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4782 Meta<KeyPress>: string(0x1b) insert()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4783 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4784
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4785 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4786 You might have to replace @samp{Meta} with @samp{Alt}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4787
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4788 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4789
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4790 @node ExtendChar key does not work as Meta, SPC no longer completes file names, Meta key does not work in xterm, Key bindings
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4791 @section Why doesn't my @key{ExtendChar} key work as a @key{Meta} key under HP-UX 8.0 and 9.x?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4792 @cindex @key{ExtendChar} key as @key{Meta}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4793 @cindex @key{Meta}, using @key{ExtendChar} for
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4794 @cindex HP-UX, the @key{ExtendChar} key
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4795
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4796 This is a result of an internationalization extension in X11R4 and the
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4797 fact that HP is now using this extension. Emacs assumes that the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4798 @code{XLookupString} function returns the same result regardless of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4799 @key{Meta} key state which is no longer necessarily true. Until Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4800 is fixed, the temporary kludge is to run this command after each time
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4801 the X server is started but preferably before any xterm clients are:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4802
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4803 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4804 xmodmap -e 'remove mod1 = Mode_switch'
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4805 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4806
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4807 @c FIXME: Emacs 21 supports I18N in X11; does that mean that this bug is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4808 @c solved?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4809
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4810 This will disable the use of the extra keysyms systemwide, which may be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4811 undesirable if you actually intend to use them.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4812
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
4813 @node SPC no longer completes file names, , ExtendChar key does not work as Meta, Key bindings
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4814 @section Why doesn't SPC complete file names anymore?
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4815 @cindex @kbd{SPC} file name completion
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4816
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4817 Starting with Emacs 22.1, @kbd{SPC} no longer completes file names in
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4818 the minibuffer, so that file names with embedded spaces could be typed
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4819 without the need to quote the spaces.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4820
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4821 You can get the old behavior by binding @kbd{SPC} to
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4822 @code{minibuffer-complete-word} in the minibuffer, as follows:
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4823
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4824 @lisp
68712
06cc8b33cde0 * faq.texi (Meta key does not work in xterm)
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 68657
diff changeset
4825 (define-key minibuffer-local-filename-completion-map (kbd "SPC")
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4826 'minibuffer-complete-word)
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4827
68712
06cc8b33cde0 * faq.texi (Meta key does not work in xterm)
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 68657
diff changeset
4828 (define-key minibuffer-local-must-match-filename-map (kbd "SPC")
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4829 'minibuffer-complete-word)
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4830 @end lisp
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4831
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4832 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4833 @node Alternate character sets, Mail and news, Key bindings, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4834 @chapter Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4835 @cindex Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4836
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4837 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4838 * Emacs does not display 8-bit characters::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4839 * Inputting eight-bit characters::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4840 * Kanji and Chinese characters::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4841 * Right-to-left alphabets::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4842 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4843
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4844 @node Emacs does not display 8-bit characters, Inputting eight-bit characters, Alternate character sets, Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4845 @section How do I make Emacs display 8-bit characters?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4846 @cindex Displaying eight-bit characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4847 @cindex Eight-bit characters, displaying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4848
68712
06cc8b33cde0 * faq.texi (Meta key does not work in xterm)
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 68657
diff changeset
4849 @inforef{Unibyte Mode, Single-byte Character Set
36842
654b53bab583 Change "character terminal" to "text-only terminal".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36515
diff changeset
4850 Support, emacs}. On a Unix, when Emacs runs on a text-only terminal
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4851 display or is invoked with @samp{emacs -nw}, you typically need to use
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4852 @code{set-terminal-coding-system} to tell Emacs what the terminal can
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4853 display, even after setting the language environment; otherwise
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
4854 non-@acronym{ASCII} characters will display as @samp{?}. On other operating
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4855 systems, such as MS-DOS and MS-Windows, Emacs queries the OS about the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4856 character set supported by the display, and sets up the required
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4857 terminal coding system automatically.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4858
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4859 @node Inputting eight-bit characters, Kanji and Chinese characters, Emacs does not display 8-bit characters, Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4860 @section How do I input eight-bit characters?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4861 @cindex Entering eight-bit characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4862 @cindex Eight-bit characters, entering
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4863 @cindex Input, 8-bit characters
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4864
28127
ce57565effde Fix copyright lines.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27352
diff changeset
4865 Various methods are available for input of eight-bit characters. See
68712
06cc8b33cde0 * faq.texi (Meta key does not work in xterm)
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 68657
diff changeset
4866 @inforef{Unibyte Mode, Single-byte Character Set
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4867 Support, emacs}. For more sophisticated methods, @inforef{Input
28127
ce57565effde Fix copyright lines.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27352
diff changeset
4868 Methods, Input Methods, emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4869
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4870 @node Kanji and Chinese characters, Right-to-left alphabets, Inputting eight-bit characters, Alternate character sets
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4871 @section Where can I get an Emacs that handles kanji, Chinese, or other Far-Eastern character sets?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4872 @cindex Kanji, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4873 @cindex Chinese, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4874 @cindex Japanese, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4875 @cindex Korean, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4876
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4877 Emacs 20 and later includes many of the features of MULE, the MULtilingual
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4878 Enhancement to Emacs. @xref{Installing Emacs}, for information on where
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4879 to find and download the latest version of Emacs.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4880
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4881 @node Right-to-left alphabets, , Kanji and Chinese characters, Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4882 @section Where is an Emacs that can handle Semitic (right-to-left) alphabets?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4883 @cindex Right-to-left alphabets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4884 @cindex Hebrew, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4885 @cindex Semitic alphabets
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4886 @cindex Arabic alphabets
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4887
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4888 Emacs 20 and later supports Hebrew characters (ISO 8859-8), but does not
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4889 yet support right-to-left character entry and display.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4890
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4891 @email{joel@@exc.com, Joel M. Hoffman} has written a Lisp package called
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4892 @file{hebrew.el} that allows right-to-left editing of Hebrew. It
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4893 reportedly works out of the box with Emacs 19, but requires patches for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4894 Emacs 18. Write to Joel if you want the patches or package.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4895
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4896 @c FIXME: Should we mention Ehud Karni's package?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4897
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4898 @file{hebrew.el} requires a Hebrew screen font, but no other hardware support.
36515
9df3f07f2643 Fix case convention for mouse click.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36383
diff changeset
4899 Joel has a screen font for PCs running MS-DOS or GNU/Linux.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4900
70507
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
4901 You might also try to query archie for files named with @file{hebrew};
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4902 several ftp sites in Israel may also have the necessary files.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4903
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4904 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4905 @node Mail and news, Concept index, Alternate character sets, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4906 @chapter Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4907 @cindex Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4908
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4909 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4910 * Changing the included text prefix::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4911 * Saving a copy of outgoing mail::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4912 * Expanding aliases when sending mail::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4913 * Rmail thinks all messages are one big one::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4914 * Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4915 * Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4916 * Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4917 * Replying to the sender of a message::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4918 * MIME with Emacs mail packages::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4919 * Automatically starting a mail or news reader::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4920 * Reading news with Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4921 * Gnus does not work with NNTP::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4922 * Viewing articles with embedded underlining::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4923 * Saving a multi-part Gnus posting::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4924 * Starting Gnus faster::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4925 * Catching up in all newsgroups::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4926 * Killing based on nonstandard headers::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4927 * Removing flashing messages::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4928 * Catch-up is slow in Gnus::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4929 * Gnus hangs for a long time::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4930 * Learning more about Gnus::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4931 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4932
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4933 @node Changing the included text prefix, Saving a copy of outgoing mail, Mail and news, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4934 @section How do I change the included text prefix in mail/news followups?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4935 @cindex Prefix in mail/news followups, changing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4936 @cindex Included text prefix, changing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4937 @cindex Setting the included text character
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4938 @cindex Quoting in mail messages
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4939
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4940 If you read mail with Rmail or news with Gnus, set the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4941 @code{mail-yank-prefix}. For VM, set @code{vm-included-text-prefix}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4942 For mh-e, set @code{mh-ins-buf-prefix}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4943
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4944 For fancier control of citations, use Supercite. @xref{Supercite}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4945
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4946 To prevent Emacs from including various headers of the replied-to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4947 message, set the value of @code{mail-yank-ignored-headers} to an
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4948 appropriate regexp.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4949
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4950 @node Saving a copy of outgoing mail, Expanding aliases when sending mail, Changing the included text prefix, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4951 @section How do I save a copy of outgoing mail?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4952 @cindex Saving a copy of outgoing mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4953 @cindex Copying outgoing mail to a file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4954 @cindex Filing outgoing mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4955 @cindex Automatic filing of outgoing mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4956 @cindex Mail, saving outgoing automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4957
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4958 You can either mail yourself a copy by including a @samp{BCC} header in the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4959 mail message, or store a copy of the message directly to a file by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4960 including an @samp{FCC} header.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4961
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4962 If you use standard mail, you can automatically create a @samp{BCC} to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4963 yourself by putting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4964
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4965 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4966 (setq mail-self-blind t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4967 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4968
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4969 @noindent
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4970 in your @file{.emacs} file. You can automatically include an @samp{FCC}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4971 field by putting something like the following in your @file{.emacs}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4972 file:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4973
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4974 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4975 (setq mail-archive-file-name (expand-file-name "~/outgoing"))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4976 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4977
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4978 The output file will be in Unix mail format, which can be read directly
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4979 by VM, but not always by Rmail. @xref{Learning how to do something}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4980
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4981 If you use @code{mh-e}, add an @samp{FCC} or @samp{BCC} field to your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4982 components file.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4983
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4984 It does not work to put @samp{set record filename} in the @file{.mailrc}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4985 file.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4986
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4987 @node Expanding aliases when sending mail, Rmail thinks all messages are one big one, Saving a copy of outgoing mail, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4988 @section Why doesn't Emacs expand my aliases when sending mail?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4989 @cindex Expanding aliases when sending mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4990 @cindex Mail alias expansion
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4991 @cindex Sending mail with aliases
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4992
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4993 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4994
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4995 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4996 You must separate multiple addresses in the headers of the mail buffer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4997 with commas. This is because Emacs supports RFC822 standard addresses
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4998 like this one:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4999
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5000 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5001 To: Willy Smith <wks@@xpnsv.lwyrs.com>
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5002 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5003
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5004 However, you do not need to---and probably should not, unless your
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5005 system's version of @file{/usr/ucb/mail} (a.k.a.@: @code{mailx})
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5006 supports RFC822---separate addresses with commas in your
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5007 @file{~/.mailrc} file.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5008
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5009 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5010 Emacs normally only reads the @file{.mailrc} file once per session,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5011 when you start to compose your first mail message. If you edit
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5012 @file{.mailrc}, you can type @kbd{M-x rebuild-mail-abbrevs @key{RET}} to
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5013 make Emacs reread @file{~/.mailrc}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5014
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5015 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5016 If you like, you can expand mail aliases as abbrevs, as soon as you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5017 type them in. To enable this feature, execute the following:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5018
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5019 @lisp
34922
962646fc3a58 *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 34741
diff changeset
5020 (add-hook 'mail-mode-hook 'mail-abbrevs-setup)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5021 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5022
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5023 Note that the aliases are expanded automatically only after you type
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5024 @key{RET} or a punctuation character (e.g. @kbd{,}). You can force their
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5025 expansion by moving point to the end of the alias and typing @kbd{C-x a e}
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5026 (@kbd{M-x expand-abbrev}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5027 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5028
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5029 @node Rmail thinks all messages are one big one, Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder, Expanding aliases when sending mail, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5030 @section Why does Rmail think all my saved messages are one big message?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5031 @cindex Rmail thinks all messages are one large message
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5032
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5033 A file created through the @samp{FCC} field in a message is in Unix mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5034 format, not the format that Rmail uses (BABYL format). Rmail will try
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5035 to convert a Unix mail file into BABYL format on input, but sometimes it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5036 makes errors. For guaranteed safety, you can make the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5037 @file{saved-messages} file be an inbox for your Rmail file by using the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5038 function @code{set-rmail-inbox-list}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5039
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5040 @node Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder, Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail, Rmail thinks all messages are one big one, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5041 @section How can I sort the messages in my Rmail folder?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5042 @cindex Rmail, sorting messages in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5043 @cindex Folder, sorting messages in an Rmail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5044 @cindex Sorting messages in an Rmail folder
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5045
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5046 In Rmail, type @kbd{C-c C-s C-h} to get a list of sorting functions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5047 and their key bindings.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5048
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5049 @node Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail, Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them, Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5050 @section Why does Rmail need to write to @file{/usr/spool/mail}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5051 @cindex Rmail and @file{/usr/spool/mail}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5052 @cindex @file{/usr/spool/mail} and Rmail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5053
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5054 This is the behavior of the @code{movemail} program which Rmail uses.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5055 This indicates that @code{movemail} is configured to use lock files.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5056
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5057 RMS writes:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5058
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5059 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5060 Certain systems require lock files to interlock access to mail files.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5061 On these systems, @code{movemail} must write lock files, or you risk losing
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5062 mail. You simply must arrange to let @code{movemail} write them.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5063
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5064 Other systems use the @code{flock} system call to interlock access. On
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5065 these systems, you should configure @code{movemail} to use @code{flock}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5066 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5067
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5068 @node Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them, Replying to the sender of a message, Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5069 @section How do I recover my mail files after Rmail munges their format?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5070 @cindex Recovering munged mail files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5071 @cindex Rmail munged my files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5072 @cindex Mail files, recovering those munged by Rmail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5073
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5074 If you have just done @kbd{M-x rmail-input} on a file and you don't want
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5075 to save it in Rmail's format (called BABYL), just kill the buffer (with
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5076 @kbd{C-x k}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5077
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5078 @cindex Exporting messages as Unix mail files
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5079 If you typed @kbd{M-x rmail} and it read some messages out of your inbox
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5080 and you want to put them in a Unix mail file, use @kbd{C-o} on each
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5081 message.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5082
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5083 @cindex Converting from BABYL to Unix mail format
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5084 @cindex @code{unrmail} command
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5085 If you want to convert an existing file from BABYL format to Unix mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5086 format, use the command @kbd{M-x unrmail}: it will prompt you for the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5087 input and output file names.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5088
39304
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5089 @pindex b2m
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5090 Alternatively, you could use the @code{b2m} program supplied with
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5091 Emacs. @code{b2m} is a filter, and is used like this:
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5092
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5093 @example
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5094 b2m < @var{babyl-file} > @var{mbox-file}
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5095 @end example
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5096
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5097 @noindent
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5098 where @var{babyl-file} is the name of the BABYL file, and
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5099 @var{mbox-file} is the name of the file where the converted mail will
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5100 be written.
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5101
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5102 @node Replying to the sender of a message, MIME with Emacs mail packages, Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5103 @section How can I force Rmail to reply to the sender of a message, but not the other recipients?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5104 @cindex Replying only to the sender of a message
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5105 @cindex Sender, replying only to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5106 @cindex Rmail, replying to the sender of a message in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5107
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5108 @email{isaacson@@seas.upenn.edu, Ron Isaacson} says: When you hit
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5109 @key{r} to reply in Rmail, by default it CCs all of the original
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5110 recipients (everyone on the original @samp{To} and @samp{CC}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5111 lists). With a prefix argument (i.e., typing @kbd{C-u} before @key{r}),
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5112 it replies only to the sender. However, going through the whole
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5113 @kbd{C-u} business every time you want to reply is a pain. This is the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5114 best fix I've been able to come up with:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5115
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5116 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5117 (defun rmail-reply-t ()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5118 "Reply only to the sender of the current message. (See rmail-reply.)"
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5119 (interactive)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5120 (rmail-reply t))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5121
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5122 (add-hook 'rmail-mode-hook
34151
33df9c2e70bf Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 30692
diff changeset
5123 (lambda ()
33df9c2e70bf Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 30692
diff changeset
5124 (define-key rmail-mode-map "r" 'rmail-reply-t)
33df9c2e70bf Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 30692
diff changeset
5125 (define-key rmail-mode-map "R" 'rmail-reply)))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5126 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5127
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5128 @node MIME with Emacs mail packages, Automatically starting a mail or news reader, Replying to the sender of a message, Mail and news
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
5129 @section How can I get my favorite Emacs mail package to support MIME?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5130 @cindex MIME and Emacs mail packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5131 @cindex Mail packages and MIME
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5132 @cindex FAQ for MIME and Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5133
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5134 Version 6.x of VM supports MIME. @xref{VM}. Gnus supports MIME in mail
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5135 and news messages as of version 5.8.1 (Pterodactyl). Rmail has limited
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5136 support for single-part MIME messages beginning with Emacs 20.3.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5137
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5138 @node Automatically starting a mail or news reader, Reading news with Emacs, MIME with Emacs mail packages, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5139 @section How do I make Emacs automatically start my mail/news reader?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5140 @cindex Mail reader, starting automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5141 @cindex News reader, starting automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5142 @cindex Starting mail/news reader automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5143
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5144 To start Emacs in Gnus:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5145
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5146 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5147 emacs -f gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5148 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5149
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5150 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5151 in Rmail:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5152
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5153 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5154 emacs -f rmail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5155 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5156
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5157 A more convenient way to start with Gnus:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5158
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5159 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5160 alias gnus 'emacs -f gnus'
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5161 gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5162 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5163
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5164 It is probably unwise to automatically start your mail or news reader
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5165 from your @file{.emacs} file. This would cause problems if you needed to run
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5166 two copies of Emacs at the same time. Also, this would make it difficult for
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5167 you to start Emacs quickly when you needed to.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5168
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5169 @node Reading news with Emacs, Gnus does not work with NNTP, Automatically starting a mail or news reader, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5170 @section How do I read news under Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5171 @cindex Reading news under Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5172 @cindex Usenet reader in Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5173 @cindex Gnus newsreader
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5174
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5175 Use @kbd{M-x gnus}. It is documented in Info (@pxref{Learning how to do
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5176 something}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5177
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5178 @node Gnus does not work with NNTP, Viewing articles with embedded underlining, Reading news with Emacs, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5179 @section Why doesn't Gnus work via NNTP?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5180 @cindex Gnus and NNTP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5181 @cindex NNTP, Gnus fails to work with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5182
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5183 There is a bug in NNTP version 1.5.10, such that when multiple requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5184 are sent to the NNTP server, the server only handles the first one
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5185 before blocking waiting for more input which never comes. NNTP version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5186 1.5.11 claims to fix this.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5187
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5188 You can work around the bug inside Emacs like this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5189
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5190 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5191 (setq nntp-maximum-request 1)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5192 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5193
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5194 You can find out what version of NNTP your news server is running by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5195 telnetting to the NNTP port (usually 119) on the news server machine
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5196 (i.e., @kbd{telnet server-machine 119}). The server should give its
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5197 version number in the welcome message. Type @kbd{quit} to get out.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5198
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
5199 @xref{Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode}, for some additional ideas.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5200
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5201 @node Viewing articles with embedded underlining, Saving a multi-part Gnus posting, Gnus does not work with NNTP, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5202 @section How do I view news articles with embedded underlining (e.g., ClariNews)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5203 @cindex Underlining, embedded in news articles
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5204 @cindex News articles with embedded underlining
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5205 @cindex Embedded underlining in news articles
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5206
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5207 Underlining appears like this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5208
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5209 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5210 _^Hu_^Hn_^Hd_^He_^Hr_^Hl_^Hi_^Hn_^Hi_^Hn_^Hg
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5211 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5212
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5213 @email{abraham@@dina.kvl.dk, Per Abrahamsen} suggests using the following
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5214 code, which uses the underline face to turn such text into true
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5215 underlining, inconjunction with Gnus:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5216
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5217 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5218 (defun gnus-article-prepare-overstrike ()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5219 ;; Prepare article for overstrike commands.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5220 (save-excursion
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5221 (set-buffer gnus-article-buffer)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5222 (let ((buffer-read-only nil))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5223 (goto-char (point-min))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5224 (while (search-forward "\b" nil t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5225 (let ((next (following-char))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5226 (previous (char-after (- (point) 2))))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5227 (cond ((eq next previous)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5228 (delete-region (- (point) 2) (point))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5229 (put-text-property (point) (1+ (point))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5230 'face 'bold))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5231 ((eq next ?_)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5232 (delete-region (1- (point)) (1+ (point)))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5233 (put-text-property (1- (point)) (point)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5234 'face 'underline))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5235 ((eq previous ?_)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5236 (delete-region (- (point) 2) (point))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5237 (put-text-property (point) (1+ (point))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5238 'face 'underline))))))))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5239
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5240 (add-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-overstrike)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5241 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5242
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5243 Latest versions of Gnus do such a conversion automatically.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5244
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5245 If you prefer to do away with underlining altogether, you can
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5246 destructively remove it with @kbd{M-x ununderline-region}; do this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5247 automatically via
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5248
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5249 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5250 (add-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-hook
34151
33df9c2e70bf Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 30692
diff changeset
5251 (lambda () (ununderline-region (point-min) (point-max))))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5252 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5253
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5254 @node Saving a multi-part Gnus posting, Starting Gnus faster, Viewing articles with embedded underlining, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5255 @section How do I save all the items of a multi-part posting in Gnus?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5256 @cindex Multi-part postings in Gnus, saving
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5257 @cindex Saving multi-part postings in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5258 @cindex Gnus, saving multi-part postings in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5259
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5260 Use @code{gnus-uu}. Type @kbd{C-c C-v C-h} in the Gnus summary buffer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5261 to see a list of available commands.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5262
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5263 @node Starting Gnus faster, Catching up in all newsgroups, Saving a multi-part Gnus posting, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5264 @section How do I make Gnus start up faster?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5265 @cindex Faster, starting Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5266 @cindex Starting Gnus faster
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5267 @cindex Gnus, starting faster
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5268
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5269 From the Gnus FAQ (@pxref{Learning more about Gnus}):
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5270
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5271 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5272 @email{pktiwari@@eos.ncsu.edu, Pranav Kumar Tiwari} writes: I posted
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5273 the same query recently and I got an answer to it. I am going to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5274 repeat the answer. What you need is a newer version of gnus, version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5275 5.0.4+. I am using 5.0.12 and it works fine with me with the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5276 following settings:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5277
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5278 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5279 (setq gnus-check-new-newsgroups nil
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5280 gnus-read-active-file 'some
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5281 gnus-nov-is-evil nil
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5282 gnus-select-method '(nntp gnus-nntp-server))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5283 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5284 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5285
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5286 @node Catching up in all newsgroups, Killing based on nonstandard headers, Starting Gnus faster, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5287 @section How do I catch up all newsgroups in Gnus?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5288 @cindex Catching up all newsgroups in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5289 @cindex Gnus, Catching up all newsgroups in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5290
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5291 In the @file{*Newsgroup*} buffer, type @kbd{M-< C-x ( c y C-x ) M-0 C-x e}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5292
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5293 Leave off the initial @kbd{M-<} if you only want to catch up from point
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5294 to the end of the @file{*Newsgroup*} buffer.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5295
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5296 @node Killing based on nonstandard headers, Removing flashing messages, Catching up in all newsgroups, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5297 @section Why can't I kill in Gnus based on the Newsgroups/Keywords/Control headers?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5298 @cindex Killing articles based on nonstandard headers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5299 @cindex Newsgroups header, killing articles based on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5300 @cindex Keywords header, killing articles based on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5301 @cindex Control header, killing articles based on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5302
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5303 Gnus will complain that the @samp{Newsgroups}, @samp{Keywords}, and
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5304 @samp{Control} headers are ``Unknown header'' fields.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5305
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5306 For the @samp{Newsgroups} header, there is an easy workaround: kill on the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5307 @samp{Xref} header instead, which will be present on any cross-posted article
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5308 (as long as your site carries the cross-post group).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5309
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5310 If you really want to kill on one of these headers, you can do it like
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5311 this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5312
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5313 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5314 (gnus-kill nil "^Newsgroups: .*\\(bad\\.group\\|worse\\.group\\)")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5315 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5316
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5317 @node Removing flashing messages, Catch-up is slow in Gnus, Killing based on nonstandard headers, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5318 @section How do I get rid of flashing messages in Gnus for slow connections?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5319 @cindex Flashing Gnus messages, removing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5320 @cindex Removing flashing Gnus messages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5321 @cindex Slow connections causing flashing messages in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5322 @cindex Gnus, flashing messages in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5323
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5324 Set @code{nntp-debug-read} to @code{nil}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5325
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5326 @node Catch-up is slow in Gnus, Gnus hangs for a long time, Removing flashing messages, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5327 @section Why is catch up slow in Gnus?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5328 @cindex Slow catch up in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5329 @cindex Gnus is slow when catching up
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5330 @cindex Crosspostings make Gnus catching up slow
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5331
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5332 Because Gnus is marking crosspostings read. You can control this with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5333 the variable @code{gnus-use-cross-reference}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5334
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5335 @node Gnus hangs for a long time, Learning more about Gnus, Catch-up is slow in Gnus, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5336 @section Why does Gnus hang for a long time when posting?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5337 @cindex Hangs in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5338 @cindex Gnus hangs while posting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5339 @cindex Posting, Gnus hangs wile
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5340
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5341 @email{tale@@uunet.uu.net, David Lawrence} explains:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5342
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5343 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5344 The problem is almost always interaction between NNTP and C News. NNTP
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5345 POST asks C News's @code{inews} to not background itself but rather hang
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5346 around and give its exit status so it knows whether the post was successful.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5347 (That wait will on some systems not return the exit status of the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5348 waited for job is a different sort of problem.) It ends up taking a
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5349 long time because @code{inews} is calling @code{relaynews}, which often
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5350 waits for another @code{relaynews} to free the lock on the news system
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5351 so it can file the article.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5352
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5353 My preferred solution is to change @code{inews} to not call
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5354 @code{relaynews}, but rather use @code{newsspool}. This loses some
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5355 error-catching functionality, but is for the most part safe as
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5356 @code{inews} will detect a lot of the errors on its own. The C News
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5357 folks have sped up @code{inews}, too, so speed should look better to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5358 most folks as that update propagates around.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5359 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5360
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5361 @node Learning more about Gnus, , Gnus hangs for a long time, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5362 @section Where can I find out more about Gnus?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5363 @cindex FAQ for Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5364 @cindex Gnus FAQ
50791
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
5365 @cindex Learning more about Gnus
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
5366
50954
e6cae6d37bc9 Update VM version.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50791
diff changeset
5367 For more information on Gnus, consult the Gnus manual and FAQ, which are
e6cae6d37bc9 Update VM version.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50791
diff changeset
5368 part of the Gnus distribution.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5369
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5370 @node Concept index, , Mail and news, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5371 @unnumbered Concept Index
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5372 @printindex cp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5373
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5374 @contents
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5375 @bye
52401
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 51449
diff changeset
5376
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 51449
diff changeset
5377 @ignore
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 51449
diff changeset
5378 arch-tag: fee0d62d-06cf-43d8-ac21-123408eaf10f
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 51449
diff changeset
5379 @end ignore