annotate etc/fr-drdref.tex @ 65671:09c8aeb9e280

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author Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
date Sat, 24 Sep 2005 10:46:03 +0000
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children e8a3fb527b77 2d92f5c9d6ae
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1
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2 % Reference Card for Dired
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3 % Copyright (C) 2000, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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4
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5 % This file is part of GNU Emacs.
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6
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7 % GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
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8 % it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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9 % the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
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10 % any later version.
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11
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12 % GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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13 % but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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14 % MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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15 % GNU General Public License for more details.
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16
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17 % You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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18 % along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING. If not, write to
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19 % the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor,
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20 % Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
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21
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22 % This file can be printed with 1, 2, or 3 columns per page (see below).
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23 % Specify how many you want here. Nothing else needs to be changed.
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24 %**start of header
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25
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26 \newcount\columnsperpage
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27
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28 \columnsperpage=2
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29
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30 % This file is intended to be processed by plain TeX (TeX82).
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31 % The reference card looks OK with 2 columns per page, portrait mode.
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32 % I haven't tried it with 3 columns per page.
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33
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34 % This is a bit of a dirty hack on the GNU Emacs reference card
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35 % to produce a Dired reference card instead.
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36
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37 % I (Evgeny Roubinchtein, eroubinc@u.washington.edu) put this together
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38 % because I wanted a Dired reference card,
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39 % but couldn't find anything on the 'net.
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40 % Based mostly off Dired's describe-mode.
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42
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43 \def\versionnumber{0.1}
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44 \def\year{2005}
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45 \def\version{Mai \year\ v\versionnumber}
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46
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47 \def\shortcopyrightnotice{\vskip 1ex plus 2 fill
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48 \centerline{\small \copyright\ \year\ Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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49 Permissions au dos. v\versionnumber}}
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50
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51 \def\copyrightnotice{
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52 \vskip 1ex plus 2 fill\begingroup\small
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53 \centerline{Copyright \copyright\ \year\ Free Software Foundation, Inc.}
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54 \centerline{conception de Stephen Gildea, \version}
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55 \centerline{pour GNU Emacs version 19 sur syst\`emes Unix}
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56 \centerline{Mis \`a jour pour Dired en Mai 200 par Evgeny Roubinchtein}
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57 \centerline{Traduction fran\c{c}aise d'\'Eric Jacoboni}
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58
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59 Vous pouvez faire et distribuer des copies de cette carte, pourvu que
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60 la notice de copyright et cette note de permission soient pr\'eserv\'ees
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61 sur toutes les copies.
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62
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63 Pour obtenir des copies du manuel de GNU Emacs, \'ecrivez \`a la Free Software
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64 Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
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65
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66 \endgroup}
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67
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68 % make \bye not \outer so that the \def\bye in the \else clause below
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69 % can be scanned without complaint.
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70 \def\bye{\par\vfill\supereject\end}
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71
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72 \newdimen\intercolumnskip %horizontal space between columns
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73 \newbox\columna %boxes to hold columns already built
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74 \newbox\columnb
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75
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76 \def\ncolumns{\the\columnsperpage}
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77
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78 \message{[\ncolumns\space
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79 column\if 1\ncolumns\else s\fi\space per page]}
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80
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81 \def\scaledmag#1{ scaled \magstep #1}
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82
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83 % This multi-way format was designed by Stephen Gildea October 1986.
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84 % Note that the 1-column format is fontfamily-independent.
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85 \if 1\ncolumns %one-column format uses normal size
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86 \hsize 4in
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87 \vsize 10in
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88 \voffset -.7in
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89 \font\titlefont=\fontname\tenbf \scaledmag3
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90 \font\headingfont=\fontname\tenbf \scaledmag2
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91 \font\smallfont=\fontname\sevenrm
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92 \font\smallsy=\fontname\sevensy
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93
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94 \footline{\hss\folio}
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95 \def\makefootline{\baselineskip10pt\hsize6.5in\line{\the\footline}}
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96 \else %2 or 3 columns uses prereduced size
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97 \hsize 3.4in
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98 \vsize 7.95in
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99 \hoffset -.75in
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100 \voffset -.745in
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101 \font\titlefont=cmbx10 \scaledmag2
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102 \font\headingfont=cmbx10 \scaledmag1
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103 \font\smallfont=cmr6
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104 \font\smallsy=cmsy6
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105 \font\eightrm=cmr8
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106 \font\eightbf=cmbx8
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107 \font\eightit=cmti8
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108 \font\eighttt=cmtt8
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109 \font\eightmi=cmmi8
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110 \font\eightsy=cmsy8
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111 \textfont0=\eightrm
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112 \textfont1=\eightmi
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113 \textfont2=\eightsy
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114 \def\rm{\eightrm}
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115 \def\bf{\eightbf}
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116 \def\it{\eightit}
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117 \def\tt{\eighttt}
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118 \normalbaselineskip=.8\normalbaselineskip
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119 \normallineskip=.8\normallineskip
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120 \normallineskiplimit=.8\normallineskiplimit
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121 \normalbaselines\rm %make definitions take effect
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122
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123 \if 2\ncolumns
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124 \let\maxcolumn=b
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125 \footline{\hss\rm\folio\hss}
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126 \def\makefootline{\vskip 2in \hsize=6.86in\line{\the\footline}}
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127 \else \if 3\ncolumns
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128 \let\maxcolumn=c
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129 \nopagenumbers
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130 \else
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131 \errhelp{You must set \columnsperpage equal to 1, 2, or 3.}
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132 \errmessage{Illegal number of columns per page}
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133 \fi\fi
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134
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135 \intercolumnskip=.46in
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136 \def\abc{a}
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137 \output={% %see The TeXbook page 257
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138 % This next line is useful when designing the layout.
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139 %\immediate\write16{Column \folio\abc\space starts with \firstmark}
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140 \if \maxcolumn\abc \multicolumnformat \global\def\abc{a}
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141 \else\if a\abc
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142 \global\setbox\columna\columnbox \global\def\abc{b}
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143 %% in case we never use \columnb (two-column mode)
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144 \global\setbox\columnb\hbox to -\intercolumnskip{}
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145 \else
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146 \global\setbox\columnb\columnbox \global\def\abc{c}\fi\fi}
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147 \def\multicolumnformat{\shipout\vbox{\makeheadline
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148 \hbox{\box\columna\hskip\intercolumnskip
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149 \box\columnb\hskip\intercolumnskip\columnbox}
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150 \makefootline}\advancepageno}
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151 \def\columnbox{\leftline{\pagebody}}
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152
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153 \def\bye{\par\vfill\supereject
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154 \if a\abc \else\null\vfill\eject\fi
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155 \if a\abc \else\null\vfill\eject\fi
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156 \end}
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157 \fi
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158
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159 % we won't be using math mode much, so redefine some of the characters
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160 % we might want to talk about
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161 \catcode`\^=12
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162 \catcode`\_=12
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163
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164 \chardef\\=`\\
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165 \chardef\{=`\{
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166 \chardef\}=`\}
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167
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168 \hyphenation{mini-buf-fer}
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169 \hyphenation{de-le-tion}
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170
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171 \parindent 0pt
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172 \parskip 1ex plus .5ex minus .5ex
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173
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174 \def\small{\smallfont\textfont2=\smallsy\baselineskip=.8\baselineskip}
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175
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176 % newcolumn - force a new column. Use sparingly, probably only for
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177 % the first column of a page, which should have a title anyway.
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178 \outer\def\newcolumn{\vfill\eject}
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179
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180 % title - page title. Argument is title text.
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181 \outer\def\title#1{{\titlefont\centerline{#1}}\vskip 1ex plus .5ex}
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182
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183 % section - new major section. Argument is section name.
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184 \outer\def\section#1{\par\filbreak
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185 \vskip 3ex plus 2ex minus 2ex {\headingfont #1}\mark{#1}%
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186 \vskip 2ex plus 1ex minus 1.5ex}
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187
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188 \newdimen\keyindent
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189
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190 % beginindentedkeys...endindentedkeys - key definitions will be
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191 % indented, but running text, typically used as headings to group
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192 % definitions, will not.
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193 \def\beginindentedkeys{\keyindent=1em}
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194 \def\endindentedkeys{\keyindent=0em}
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195 \endindentedkeys
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196
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197 % paralign - begin paragraph containing an alignment.
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198 % If an \halign is entered while in vertical mode, a parskip is never
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199 % inserted. Using \paralign instead of \halign solves this problem.
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200 \def\paralign{\vskip\parskip\halign}
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201
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202 % \<...> - surrounds a variable name in a code example
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203 \def\<#1>{{\it #1\/}}
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204
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205 % kbd - argument is characters typed literally. Like the Texinfo command.
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206 \def\kbd#1{{\tt#1}\null} %\null so not an abbrev even if period follows
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207
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208 % beginexample...endexample - surrounds literal text, such a code example.
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209 % typeset in a typewriter font with line breaks preserved
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210 \def\beginexample{\par\leavevmode\begingroup
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211 \obeylines\obeyspaces\parskip0pt\tt}
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212 {\obeyspaces\global\let =\ }
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213 \def\endexample{\endgroup}
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214
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215 % key - definition of a key.
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216 % \key{description of key}{key-name}
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217 % prints the description left-justified, and the key-name in a \kbd
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218 % form near the right margin.
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219 \def\key#1#2{\leavevmode\hbox to \hsize{\vtop
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220 {\hsize=.75\hsize\rightskip=1em
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221 \hskip\keyindent\relax#1}\kbd{#2}\hfil}}
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222
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223 \newbox\metaxbox
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224 \setbox\metaxbox\hbox{\kbd{M-x }}
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225 \newdimen\metaxwidth
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226 \metaxwidth=\wd\metaxbox
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227
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228 % metax - definition of a M-x command.
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229 % \metax{description of command}{M-x command-name}
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230 % Tries to justify the beginning of the command name at the same place
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231 % as \key starts the key name. (The "M-x " sticks out to the left.)
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232 \def\metax#1#2{\leavevmode\hbox to \hsize{\hbox to .75\hsize
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233 {\hskip\keyindent\relax#1\hfil}%
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234 \hskip -\metaxwidth minus 1fil
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235 \kbd{#2}\hfil}}
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236
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237 % threecol - like "key" but with two key names.
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238 % for example, one for doing the action backward, and one for forward.
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239 \def\threecol#1#2#3{\hskip\keyindent\relax#1\hfil&\kbd{#2}\hfil\quad
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240 &\kbd{#3}\hfil\quad\cr}
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241
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242 % I cannot figure out how to make all dired-x
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243 % commands fit on a page in two-column format
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244 \def\dx{\bf (DX)}
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245
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246 %**end of header
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247
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248
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249 \title{Carte de r\'ef\'erence de Dired}
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250
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251 \centerline{(bas\'e sur Dired de GNU Emacs 21.x)}
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252 \centerline{Les commandes marqu\'ees par \dx{} n\'ecessitent dired-x}
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253
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254 % trim this down to fit everything on one page
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255 % \section{G\'en\'eral}
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256 % Avec dired, vous pouvez \'editer la liste des fichiers d'un r\'epertoire
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257 % (et, \'eventuellement, ses r\'epertoires au format 'ls -lR').
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258
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259 % L'\'edition d'un r\'epertoire signifie que vous pouvez visiter,
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260 % renommer, copier, compresser, compiler des fichiers. Dans le tampon
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261 % d'\'edition, vous pouvez modifier les attributs des fichiers, leur
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262 % appliquer des commandes
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263 % shell ou ins\'erer des sous-r\'epertoires. Vous pouvez « marquer » des
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264 % fichiers pour qu'ils soient supprim\'es plus tard ou pour leur
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265 % appliquer des commandes ; cela peut \^etre fait pour un seul fichier \`a
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266 % la fois ou pour un ensemble de fichiers correspondant \`a certains
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267 % crit\`eres (fichiers correspondant \`a une expression rationnelle
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268 % donn\'ee, par exemple).
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269
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270 % On se d\'eplace dans le tampon \`a l'aide des commandes habituelles de
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271 % d\'eplacement du curseur. Les lettres ne s'ins\`erent plus mais servent
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272 % \`a ex\'ecuter des commandes, les chiffres (0-9) sont des param\`etres pr\'efixes.
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273
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274 % La plupart des commandes agissent soit sur tous les fichiers marqu\'es,
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275 % soit sur le fichier courant s'il n'y a pas de fichier marqu\'e. On
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276 % utilise un param\`etre pr\'efixe pour agir sur les NUM fichiers suivants
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277 % (ou les NUM pr\'ec\'edents si NUM $<$ 0). Le param\`etre pr\'efixe '1' sert
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278 % \`a op\'erer sur le fichier courant uniquement. Les param\`etres pr\'efixes
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279 % ont priorit\'e sur les marques. Les commandes lan\c{c}ant un
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280 % sous-processus sur un groupe de fichiers afficheront une liste des
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281 % fichiers pour lesquels le sous-processus a \'echou\'e. Taper y tentera
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282 % de vous expliquer ce qui a pos\'e probl\`eme.
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283
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284 % Lorsque l'on \'edite plusieurs fichiers dans un unique tampon, chaque
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285 % r\'epertoire agit comme une page : C-x [ et C-x ] peuvent donc servir
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286 % \`a se d\'eplacer dans ces r\'epertoires.
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287
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288 \section{Lancer et sortir de Dired}
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289
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290 \key{lancer dired}{C-x d} \key{\'edite le r\'epertoire du fichier que l'on
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291 est en train d'\'editer}{C-x C-j\dx} \key{quitter dired}{q}
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292
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293 \section{Commandes de d\'eplacement}
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294
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295 \key{ligne pr\'ec\'edente}{p}
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296 \key{ligne suivante}{n}
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297 \key{ligne de r\'epertoire pr\'ec\'edente}{<}
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298 \key{ligne de r\'epertoire suivante}{>}
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299 \key{fichier marqu\'e suivant}{M-\}}
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300 \key{fichier marqu\'e pr\'ec\'edent}{M-\{}
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301 \key{sous-r\'epertoire pr\'ec\'edent}{M-C-p}
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302 \key{sous-r\'epertoire suivant}{M-C-n}
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303 \key{r\'epertoire p\`ere}{^}
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304 \key{premier sous-r\'epertoire}{M-C-d}
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305
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306 \section{Commandes avec la souris}
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307 \metax{visiter le fichier}{Mouse_Button_2}
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308 \metax{ouvrir un menu}{Control-Mouse_Button_3}
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309
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310 \section{Actions immediates sur les fichiers}
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311
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312 \key{visiter le fichier courant}{f}
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313 \key{visualiser le fichier courant}{v}
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314 \key{visiter le fichier courant dans une autre fen\^etre}{o}
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315 \key{visiter le fichier courant dans un autre cadre}{w}
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316 \key{afficher le fichier courant}{C-u o}
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317 \key{cr\'eer un nouveau sous-r\'epertoire}{+}
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318 \key{comparer le fichier sous le point avec celui sous la marque}{=}
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319
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320 \section{Marquer et \^oter les marques des fichiers}
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321
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322 \key{marquer un fichier ou un sous-r\'epertoire pour de futures commandes}{m}
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323 \key{\^oter la marque d'un fichier ou de tous les fichiers d'un sous-r\'epertoire}{u}
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324 \key{\^oter la marque de tous les fichiers d'un tampon}{M-delete}
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325 \key{marquer les fichiers ayant une extension donn\'ee}{* .}
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326 \key{marquer tous les sous-r\'epertoires}{* /}
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327 \key{marquer tous les liens symboliques}{* @}
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328 \key{marquer tous les ex\'ecutables}{* *}
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329 \key{inverser le marquage}{* t}
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330 \key{marquer tous les fichiers du sous-r\'epertoire courant}{* s}
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331 \key{marquer les fichiers dont les noms correspondent \`a une expression
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332 rationnelle}{* \%}
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333 \key{modifier les marques par un caract\`ere diff\'erent}{* c}
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334 \key{marquer les fichiers pour lesquels une expression Elisp renvoie t}{* (\dx}
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335
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336 \section{Obtenir de l'aide}
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337
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338 \key{aide sur dired}{h}
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339 \key{r\'esum\'e de dired (aide succinte) et trace d'erreur}{?}
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340
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341 \section{Commandes sur les fichiers marqu\'es ou sp\'ecifi\'es par le pr\'efixe}
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342
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343 \key{copier le(s) fichier(s)}{C}
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344 \key{renommer un fichier ou d\'eplacer des fichiers dans un autre r\'epertoire}{R}
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345 \key{changer le propri\'etaire d'un (des) fichier(s)}{O}
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346 \key{changer le groupe d'un (des) fichier(s)}{G}
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347 \key{changer le mode d'un (des) fichier(s)}{M}
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348 \key{imprimer le(s) fichier(s)}{P}
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349 \key{convertir le(s) nom(s) de fichier(s) en minuscules}{\% l}
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350 \key{convertir le(s) nom(s) de fichier(s) en majuscules}{\% u}
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351 \key{supprimer les fichiers marqu\'es (pas ceux ayant un `flag')}{X}
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352 \key{uuencoder ou uudecoder le(s) fichier(s)}{U}
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353 \key{compresser ou d\'ecompacter le(s) fichier(s)}{Z}
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354 \key{lancer info sur le fichier}{I\dx}
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355 \key{cr\'eer un (des) lien(s) symbolique(s)}{S}
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356 \key{cr\'eer des liens symboliques relatifs}{Y}
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357 \key{cr\'eer un (des) liens physique(s)}{H}
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358 \key{rechercher une expression rationnelle dans des fichiers}{A}
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359 \key{remplacer interactivement une expression rationnelle}{Q}
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360 \key{byte-compiler des fichiers}{B}
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361 \key{charger le(s) fichier(s)}{L}
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362 \key{lancer une commande shell sur le(s) fichier(s)}{!}
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363
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364 \section{Mettre un flag sur les fichiers \`a d\'etruire}
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365 \leftline{\bf Les commandes qui \^otent les marquent suppriment les
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366 flags de suppression}
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367 \key{placer un flag de suppression sur le fichier}{d}
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368 \key{sauvegarder et supprimer le flag de suppression}{delete}
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369 \key{placer un flag sur tous les fichiers de sauvegarde (dont les noms
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370 se terminent par \~{})}{\~{}}
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371 \key{placer un flag sur tous les fichiers de sauvegarde automatique}{\#}
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372 \key{placer un flag sur les diff\'erents fichiers interm\'ediaires}{\&}
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373 \key{placer un flag sur les sauvegardes num\'erot\'ees (finissant par
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374 .\~{}1\~{}, .\~{}2\~{}, etc.)}{.}
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375 \key{ex\'ecuter les suppressions demand\'ees (fichiers ayant un flag)}{x}
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376 \key{placer un flag sur les fichiers correspondant \`a une expression
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377 rationnelle }{\% d}
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378
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379 \section{Modifier le tampon Dired}
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380
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381 \key{ins\'erer un sous-r\'epertoire dans ce tampon}{i}
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382 \key{supprimer les fichiers marqu\'es de la liste}{k}
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383 \key{supprimer le listing d'un sous-r\'epertoire}{C-u k}
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384 \key{relire tous les r\'epertoires (conserve toutes les marques)}{g}
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385 \key{bascule le tri sur le nom/date du r\'epertoire courant}{s}
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386 \key{\'edite les options de ls }{C-u s}
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387 \key{r\'ecup\`ere les marques, les lignes cach\'ees, etc.}{C-_}
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388 \key{cache tous les sous-r\'epertoires}{M-\$}
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389 \key{cache ou fait appara\^\i{}tre le sous-r\'epertoire}{\$}
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390
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391 \section{Commandes sur les expressions rationnelles}
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392
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393 \key{marquer les noms de fichiers correspondant \`a une expression
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394 rationnelle}{\% m}
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395 \key{copier les fichiers marqu\'es par une expression rationnelle}{\% C}
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396 \key{renommer les fichiers marqu\'es par une expression rationnelle}{\% R}
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397 \key{lien physique}{\% H}
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398 \key{lien symbolique}{\% S}
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399 \key{lien symbolique avec chemin relatif}{\% Y}
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400 \key{marquer pour une suppression}{\% d}
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401
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402 \section{Dired et Find}
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403 \metax{fichier(s) dired dont le nom correspond \`a un motif}{M-x
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404 find-names-dired}
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405 \metax{fichier(s) dired contenant un motif}{M-x find-grep-dired}
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406 \metax{fichier(s) dired bas\'es sur ce que produit \kbd{find}}{M-x find-dired}
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407
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408 \copyrightnotice
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409
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410 \bye
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411
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412 % arch-tag: ffe6a489-24a2-4083-b8c3-5d03b621689d