annotate man/faq.texi @ 49343:0c32620c3c06

Clarify prompts.
author Francesco Potortì <pot@gnu.org>
date Mon, 20 Jan 2003 14:27:43 +0000
parents 08b94ecd1d08
children bb4e71346ae7
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1 \input texinfo @c -*- coding: latin-1; mode: texinfo; -*-
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2 @c %**start of header
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3 @setfilename ../info/efaq
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4 @settitle GNU Emacs FAQ
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5 @c %**end of header
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6
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7 @setchapternewpage odd
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8
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9 @c This is used in many places
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10 @set VER 21.3
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11
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12 @copying
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13 Copyright 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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14 Copyright 1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000 Reuven M. Lerner@*
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15 Copyright 1992,1993 Steven Byrnes@*
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16 Copyright 1990,1991,1992 Joseph Brian Wells@*
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17
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18 @quotation
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19 This list of frequently asked questions about GNU Emacs with answers
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20 ("FAQ") may be translated into other languages, transformed into other
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21 formats (e.g. Texinfo, Info, WWW, WAIS), and updated with new information.
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22
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23 The same conditions apply to any derivative of the FAQ as apply to the FAQ
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24 itself. Every copy of the FAQ must include this notice or an approved
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25 translation, information on who is currently maintaining the FAQ and how to
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26 contact them (including their e-mail address), and information on where the
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27 latest version of the FAQ is archived (including FTP information).
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28
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29 The FAQ may be copied and redistributed under these conditions, except that
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30 the FAQ may not be embedded in a larger literary work unless that work
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31 itself allows free copying and redistribution.
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32
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33 [This version has been somewhat edited from the last-posted version
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34 (as of August 1999) for inclusion in the Emacs distribution.]
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35 @end quotation
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36 @end copying
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37
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38 @dircategory Emacs
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39 @direntry
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40 * Emacs FAQ: (efaq). Frequently Asked Questions about Emacs.
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41 @end direntry
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42
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43 @c The @titlepage stuff only appears in the printed version
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44 @titlepage
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45 @sp 10
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46 @center @titlefont{GNU Emacs FAQ}
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47
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48 @c The following two commands start the copyright page.
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49 @page
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50 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll
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51 @insertcopying
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52 @end titlepage
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53
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54 @node Top, FAQ notation, (dir), (dir)
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55
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56 This is the GNU Emacs FAQ, last updated on @today{}.
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57
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58 The FAQ is maintained as a Texinfo document, allowing us to create HTML,
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59 Info, and TeX documents from a single source file, and is slowly but
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60 surely being improved. Please bear with us as we improve on this
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61 format. If you have any suggestions or questions, please contact
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62 @email{emacs-faq@@lerner.co.il, the FAQ maintainers}.
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63
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64 @menu
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65 * FAQ notation::
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66 * General questions::
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67 * Getting help::
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68 * Status of Emacs::
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69 * Common requests::
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70 * Bugs and problems::
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71 * Compiling and installing Emacs::
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72 * Finding Emacs and related packages::
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73 * Major packages and programs::
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74 * Key bindings::
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75 * Alternate character sets::
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76 * Mail and news::
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77 * Concept index::
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78 @end menu
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79
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80 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
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81 @node FAQ notation, General questions, Top, Top
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82 @chapter FAQ notation
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83 @cindex FAQ notation
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84
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85 This chapter describes notation used in the GNU Emacs FAQ, as well as in
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86 the Emacs documentation. Consult this section if this is the first time
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87 you are reading the FAQ, or if you are confused by notation or terms
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88 used in the FAQ.
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89
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90 @menu
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91 * Basic keys::
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92 * Extended commands::
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93 * On-line manual::
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94 * File-name conventions::
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95 * Common acronyms::
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96 @end menu
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97
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98 @node Basic keys, Extended commands, FAQ notation, FAQ notation
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99 @section What do these mean: @kbd{C-h}, @kbd{C-M-a}, @key{RET}, @kbd{@key{ESC} a}, etc.?
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100 @cindex Basic keys
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101 @cindex Control key, notation for
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102 @cindex @key{Meta} key, notation for
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103 @cindex Control-Meta characters, notation for
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104 @cindex @kbd{C-h}, definition of
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105 @cindex @kbd{C-M-h}, definition of
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106 @cindex @key{DEL}, definition of
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107 @cindex @key{ESC}, definition of
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108 @cindex @key{LFD}, definition of
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109 @cindex @key{RET}, definition of
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110 @cindex @key{SPC}, definition of
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111 @cindex @key{TAB}, definition of
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112 @cindex Notation for keys
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113
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114 @itemize @bullet
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115
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116 @item
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117 @kbd{C-x}: press the @key{x} key while holding down the @key{Control} key
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118
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119 @item
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120 @kbd{M-x}: press the @key{x} key while holding down the @key{Meta} key
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121 (if your computer doesn't have a @key{Meta} key, @pxref{No Meta key})
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122
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123 @item
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124 @kbd{M-C-x}: press the @key{x} key while holding down both @key{Control}
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125 and @key{Meta}
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126
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127 @item
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128 @kbd{C-M-x}: a synonym for the above
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129
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130 @item
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131 @key{LFD}: Linefeed or Newline; same as @kbd{C-j}
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132
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133 @item
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134 @key{RET}: @key{Return}, sometimes marked @key{Enter}; same as @kbd{C-m}
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135
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136 @item
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137 @key{DEL}: @key{Delete}, usually @strong{not} the same as
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138 @key{Backspace}; same as @kbd{C-?} (see @ref{Backspace invokes help}, if
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139 deleting invokes Emacs help)
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140
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141 @item
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142 @key{ESC}: Escape; same as @kbd{C-[}
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143
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144 @item
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145 @key{TAB}: Tab; same as @kbd{C-i}
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146
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147 @item
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148 @key{SPC}: Space bar
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149
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150 @end itemize
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151
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152 Key sequences longer than one key (and some single-key sequences) are
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153 written inside quotes or on lines by themselves, like this:
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154
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155 @display
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156 @kbd{M-x frobnicate-while-foo RET}
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157 @end display
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158
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159 @noindent
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160 Any real spaces in such a key sequence should be ignored; only @key{SPC}
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161 really means press the space key.
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162
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163 The ASCII code sent by @kbd{C-x} (except for @kbd{C-?}) is the value
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164 that would be sent by pressing just @key{x} minus 96 (or 64 for
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165 upper-case @key{X}) and will be from 0 to 31. On Unix and GNU/Linux
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166 terminals, the ASCII code sent by @kbd{M-x} is the sum of 128 and the
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167 ASCII code that would be sent by pressing just @key{x}. Essentially,
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168 @key{Control} turns off bits 5 and 6 and @key{Meta} turns on bit
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169 7@footnote{
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170 DOS and Windows terminals don't set bit 7 when the @key{Meta} key is
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171 pressed.}.
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172
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173 @kbd{C-?} (aka @key{DEL}) is ASCII code 127. It is a misnomer to call
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174 @kbd{C-?} a ``control'' key, since 127 has both bits 5 and 6 turned ON.
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175 Also, on very few keyboards does @kbd{C-?} generate ASCII code 127.
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176
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177 @inforef{Text Characters, Text Characters, emacs}, and @inforef{Keys,
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178 Keys, emacs}, for more information. (@xref{On-line manual}, for more
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179 information about Info.)
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180
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181 @node Extended commands, On-line manual, Basic keys, FAQ notation
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182 @section What does @file{M-x @var{command}} mean?
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183 @cindex Extended commands
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184 @cindex Commands, extended
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185 @cindex M-x, meaning of
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186
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187 @kbd{M-x @var{command}} means type @kbd{M-x}, then type the name of the
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188 command, then type @key{RET}. (@xref{Basic keys}, if you're not sure
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189 what @kbd{M-x} and @key{RET} mean.)
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190
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191 @kbd{M-x} (by default) invokes the command
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192 @code{execute-extended-command}. This command allows you to run any
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193 Emacs command if you can remember the command's name. If you can't
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194 remember the command's name, you can type @key{TAB} and @key{SPC} for
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195 completion, @key{?} for a list of possibilities, and @kbd{M-p} and
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196 @kbd{M-n} (or up-arrow and down-arrow on terminals that have these
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197 editing keys) to see previous commands entered. An Emacs @dfn{command}
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198 is an @dfn{interactive} Emacs function.
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199
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200 @cindex @key{Do} key
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201 Your system administrator may have bound other key sequences to invoke
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202 @code{execute-extended-command}. A function key labeled @kbd{Do} is a
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203 good candidate for this, on keyboards that have such a key.
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204
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205 If you need to run non-interactive Emacs functions, see @ref{Evaluating
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206 Emacs Lisp code}.
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207
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208 @node On-line manual, File-name conventions, Extended commands, FAQ notation
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209 @section How do I read topic XXX in the on-line manual?
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210 @cindex On-line manual, reading topics in
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211 @cindex Reading topics in the on-line manual
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212 @cindex Finding topics in the on-line manual
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213 @cindex Info, finding topics in
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214
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215 When we refer you to some @var{topic} in the on-line manual, you can
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216 read this manual node inside Emacs (assuming nothing is broken) by
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217 typing @kbd{C-h i m emacs @key{RET} m @var{topic} @key{RET}}.
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218
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219 This invokes Info, the GNU hypertext documentation browser. If you don't
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220 already know how to use Info, type @key{?} from within Info.
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221
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222 If we refer to @var{topic}:@var{subtopic}, type @kbd{C-h i m emacs
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223 @key{RET} m @var{topic} @key{RET} m @var{subtopic} @key{RET}}.
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224
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225 If these commands don't work as expected, your system administrator may
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226 not have installed the Info files, or may have installed them
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227 improperly. In this case you should complain.
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228
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229 @xref{Getting a printed manual}, if you would like a paper copy of the
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230 Emacs manual.
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231
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232 @node File-name conventions, Common acronyms, On-line manual, FAQ notation
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233 @section What are @file{etc/SERVICE}, @file{src/config.h}, and @file{lisp/default.el}?
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234 @cindex File-name conventions
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235 @cindex Conventions for file names
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236 @cindex Directories and files that come with Emacs
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237
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238 These are files that come with Emacs. The Emacs distribution is divided
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239 into subdirectories; the important ones are @file{etc}, @file{lisp}, and
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240 @file{src}.
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241
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242 If you use Emacs, but don't know where it is kept on your system, start
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243 Emacs, then type @kbd{C-h v data-directory @key{RET}}. The directory
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244 name displayed by this will be the full pathname of the installed
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245 @file{etc} directory. (This full path is recorded in the Emacs variable
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246 @code{data-directory}, and @kbd{C-h v} displays the value and the
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247 documentation of a variable.)
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248
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249 The location of your Info directory (i.e., where on-line documentation
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250 is stored) is kept in the variable @code{Info-default-directory-list}. Use
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251 @kbd{C-h v Info-default-directory-list @key{RET}} to see the value of
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252 this variable, which will be a list of directory names. The last
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253 directory in that list is probably where most Info files are stored. By
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254 default, Info documentation is placed in @file{/usr/local/info}.
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255
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256 Some of these files are available individually via FTP or e-mail; see
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257 @ref{Informational files for Emacs}. They all are available in the
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258 source distribution. Many of the files in the @file{etc} directory are
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259 also available via the Emacs @samp{Help} menu, or by typing @kbd{C-h ?}
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260 (@kbd{M-x help-for-help}).
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261
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262 Your system administrator may have removed the @file{src} directory and
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263 many files from the @file{etc} directory.
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264
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265 @node Common acronyms, , File-name conventions, FAQ notation
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266 @section What are FSF, LPF, OSF, GNU, RMS, FTP, and GPL?
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267 @cindex FSF, definition of
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268 @cindex LPF, definition of
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269 @cindex OSF, definition of
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270 @cindex GNU, definition of
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271 @cindex RMS, definition of
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272 @cindex Stallman, Richard, acronym for
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273 @cindex Richard Stallman, acronym for
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274 @cindex FTP, definition of
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275 @cindex GPL, definition of
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276 @cindex Acronyms, definitions for
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277 @cindex Common acronyms, definitions for
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278
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279 @table @asis
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280
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281 @item FSF
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282 Free Software Foundation
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283
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284 @item LPF
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285 League for Programming Freedom
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286
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287 @item OSF
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288 Open Software Foundation
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289
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290 @item GNU
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291 GNU's Not Unix
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292
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293 @item RMS
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294 Richard Matthew Stallman
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295
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296 @item FTP
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297 File Transfer Protocol
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298
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299 @item GPL
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300 GNU General Public License
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301
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302 @end table
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303
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304 Avoid confusing the FSF, the LPF, and the OSF. The LPF opposes
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305 look-and-feel copyrights and software patents. The FSF aims to make
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306 high quality free software available for everyone. The OSF is a
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307 consortium of computer vendors which develops commercial software for
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308 Unix systems.
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309
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310 The word ``free'' in the title of the Free Software Foundation refers to
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311 ``freedom,'' not ``zero dollars.'' Anyone can charge any price for
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312 GPL-covered software that they want to. However, in practice, the
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313 freedom enforced by the GPL leads to low prices, because you can always
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314 get the software for less money from someone else, since everyone has
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315 the right to resell or give away GPL-covered software.
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316
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317 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
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318 @node General questions, Getting help, FAQ notation, Top
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319 @chapter General questions
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320 @cindex General questions
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321
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322 This chapter contains general questions having to do with Emacs, the
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323 Free Software Foundation, and related organizations.
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324
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325 @menu
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326 * The LPF::
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327 * Real meaning of copyleft::
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328 * Guidelines for newsgroup postings::
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329 * Newsgroup archives::
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330 * Reporting bugs::
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331 * Unsubscribing from Emacs lists::
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332 * Contacting the FSF::
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333 @end menu
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334
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335 @node The LPF, Real meaning of copyleft, General questions, General questions
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336 @section What is the LPF?
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337 @cindex LPF, description of
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338 @cindex League for Programming Freedom
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339 @cindex Software patents, opposition to
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340 @cindex Patents for software, opposition to
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341
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342 The LPF opposes the expanding danger of software patents and
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343 look-and-feel copyrights. To get more information, feel free to contact
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344 the LPF via e-mail or otherwise. You may also contact
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345 @email{jbw@@cs.bu.edu, Joe Wells}; he will be happy to talk to you
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346 about the LPF.
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347
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348 You can find more information about the LPF in the file @file{etc/LPF}.
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349 More papers describing the LPF's views are available on the Internet and
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350 also from @uref{http://lpf.ai.mit.edu/, the LPF home page}.
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351
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352 @node Real meaning of copyleft, Guidelines for newsgroup postings, The LPF, General questions
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353 @section What is the real legal meaning of the GNU copyleft?
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354 @cindex Copyleft, real meaning of
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355 @cindex GPL, real meaning of
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356 @cindex General Public License, real meaning of
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357 @cindex Discussion of the GPL
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358
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359 The real legal meaning of the GNU General Public License (copyleft) will
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360 only be known if and when a judge rules on its validity and scope.
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361 There has never been a copyright infringement case involving the GPL to
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362 set any precedents. Please take any discussion regarding this issue to
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363 the newsgroup @uref{news:gnu.misc.discuss}, which was created to hold the
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364 extensive flame wars on the subject.
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365
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366 RMS writes:
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367
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368 @quotation
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369 The legal meaning of the GNU copyleft is less important than the spirit,
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370 which is that Emacs is a free software project and that work pertaining
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371 to Emacs should also be free software. ``Free'' means that all users
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372 have the freedom to study, share, change and improve Emacs. To make
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373 sure everyone has this freedom, pass along source code when you
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374 distribute any version of Emacs or a related program, and give the
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375 recipients the same freedom that you enjoyed.
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376 @end quotation
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377
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378 @node Guidelines for newsgroup postings, Newsgroup archives, Real meaning of copyleft, General questions
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379 @section What are appropriate messages for @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help}, @uref{news:gnu.emacs.bug}, @uref{news:comp.emacs}, etc.?
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380 @cindex Newsgroups, appropriate messages for
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381 @cindex GNU newsgroups, appropriate messages for
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382 @cindex Usenet groups, appropriate messages for
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383 @cindex Mailing lists, appropriate messages for
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384 @cindex Posting messages to newsgroups
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385
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386 @cindex GNU mailing lists
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387 The file @file{etc/MAILINGLISTS} describes the purpose of each GNU
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388 mailing list. (@xref{Informational files for Emacs}, if you want a copy
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389 of the file.) For those lists which are gatewayed with newsgroups, it
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390 lists both the newsgroup name and the mailing list address.
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391
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392 The newsgroup @uref{news:comp.emacs} is for discussion of Emacs programs
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393 in general. This includes Emacs along with various other
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394 implementations, such as XEmacs, JOVE, MicroEmacs, Freemacs, MG,
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395 Unipress, CCA, and Epsilon.
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396
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397 Many people post Emacs questions to @uref{news:comp.emacs} because they
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398 don't receive any of the @code{gnu.*} newsgroups. Arguments have been
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399 made both for and against posting GNU-Emacs-specific material to
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400 @uref{news:comp.emacs}. You have to decide for yourself.
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401
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402 Messages advocating ``non-free'' software are considered unacceptable on
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403 any of the @code{gnu.*} newsgroups except for @uref{news:gnu.misc.discuss},
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404 which was created to hold the extensive flame-wars on the subject.
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405 ``Non-free'' software includes any software for which the end user can't
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406 freely modify the source code and exchange enhancements. Be careful to
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407 remove the @code{gnu.*} groups from the @samp{Newsgroups:} line when
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408 posting a followup that recommends such software.
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409
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410 @uref{news:gnu.emacs.bug} is a place where bug reports appear, but avoid
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411 posting bug reports to this newsgroup directly (@pxref{Reporting bugs}).
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412
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413 @node Newsgroup archives, Reporting bugs, Guidelines for newsgroup postings, General questions
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414 @section Where can I get old postings to @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help} and other GNU groups?
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415 @cindex Archived postings from @code{gnu.emacs.help}
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416 @cindex Usenet archives for GNU groups
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417 @cindex Old Usenet postings for GNU groups
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418
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419 The FSF has maintained archives of all of the GNU mailing lists for many
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420 years, although there may be some unintentional gaps in coverage. The
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421 archive is not particularly well organized or easy to retrieve
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422 individual postings from, but pretty much everything is there.
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423
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424 The archive is at @uref{ftp://ftp-mailing-list-archives.gnu.org}.
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425
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426 As of this writing, the archives are not yet working.
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427
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428 Web-based Usenet search services, such as
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429 @uref{http://www.dejanews.com, DejaNews}, also archive the
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430 @code{gnu.*} groups.
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431
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432 @node Reporting bugs, Unsubscribing from Emacs lists, Newsgroup archives, General questions
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433 @section Where should I report bugs and other problems with Emacs?
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434 @cindex Bug reporting
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435 @cindex Good bug reports
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436 @cindex How to submit a bug report
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437 @cindex Reporting bugs
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438
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439 The correct way to report Emacs bugs is by e-mail to
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440 @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org}. Anything sent here also appears in the
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441 newsgroup @uref{news:gnu.emacs.bug}, but please use e-mail instead of
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442 news to submit the bug report. This ensures a reliable return address
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443 so you can be contacted for further details.
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444
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445 Be sure to read the ``Bugs'' section of the Emacs manual before reporting
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446 a bug to bug-gnu-emacs! The manual describes in detail how to submit a
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447 useful bug report. (@xref{On-line manual}, if you don't know how to read the
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448 manual.)
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449
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450 RMS says:
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451
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452 @quotation
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453 Sending bug reports to @email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} (which has the
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454 effect of posting on @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help}) is undesirable because
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455 it takes the time of an unnecessarily large group of people, most of
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456 whom are just users and have no idea how to fix these problem.
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457 @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} reaches a much smaller group of people
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458 who are more likely to know what to do and have expressed a wish to
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459 receive more messages about Emacs than the others.
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460 @end quotation
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461
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462 RMS says it is sometimes fine to post to @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help}:
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463
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464 @quotation
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465 If you have reported a bug and you don't hear about a possible fix,
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466 then after a suitable delay (such as a week) it is okay to post on
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467 @code{gnu.emacs.help} asking if anyone can help you.
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468 @end quotation
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469
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470 If you are unsure whether you have found a bug, consider the following
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471 non-exhaustive list, courtesy of RMS:
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472
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473 @quotation
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474 If Emacs crashes, that is a bug. If Emacs gets compilation errors
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475 while building, that is a bug. If Emacs crashes while building, that
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476 is a bug. If Lisp code does not do what the documentation says it
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477 does, that is a bug.
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478 @end quotation
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479
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480 @node Unsubscribing from Emacs lists, Contacting the FSF, Reporting bugs, General questions
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481 @section How do I unsubscribe from this mailing list?
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482 @cindex Unsubscribing from GNU mailing lists
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483 @cindex Removing yourself from GNU mailing lists
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484
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485 If you are receiving a GNU mailing list named @var{list}, you might be
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486 able to unsubscribe from it by sending a request to the address
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487 @email{@var{list}-request@@gnu.org}. However, this will not work if you are
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488 not listed on the main mailing list, but instead receive the mail from a
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489 distribution point. In that case, you will have to track down at which
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490 distribution point you are listed. Inspecting the @samp{Received} headers
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491 on the mail messages may help, along with liberal use of the @samp{EXPN} or
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492 @samp{VRFY} sendmail commands through @samp{telnet @var{site-address}
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493 smtp}. Ask your postmaster for help, if you cannot figure out these
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494 details.
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495
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496 @node Contacting the FSF, , Unsubscribing from Emacs lists, General questions
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497 @section What is the current address of the FSF?
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498 @cindex Snail mail address of the FSF
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499 @cindex Postal address of the FSF
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parents:
diff changeset
500 @cindex Contracting the FSF
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diff changeset
501 @cindex Free Software Foundation, contacting
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diff changeset
502
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diff changeset
503 @table @asis
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504
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505 @item E-mail
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506 gnu@@gnu.org
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507
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508 @item Telephone
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parents:
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509 +1-617-542-5942
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510
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511 @item Fax
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parents:
diff changeset
512 +1-617-542-2652
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513
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514 @item World Wide Web
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515 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/}
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516
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517 @item Postal address
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518 Free Software Foundation@*
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519 59 Temple Place - Suite 330@*
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520 Boston, MA 02111-1307@*
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521 USA@*
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522
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523 @end table
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524
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525 @cindex Ordering GNU software
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diff changeset
526 For details on how to order items directly from the FSF, see the
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527 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html, GNU Web site}, and also the
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528 files @file{etc/ORDERS}, @file{ORDERS.EUROPE}, and @file{ORDERS.JAPAN}.
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529
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530 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
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diff changeset
531 @node Getting help, Status of Emacs, General questions, Top
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diff changeset
532 @chapter Getting help
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533 @cindex Getting help
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534
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535 This chapter tells you how to get help with Emacs
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536
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537 @menu
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538 * Basic editing::
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539 * Learning how to do something::
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diff changeset
540 * Getting a printed manual::
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parents:
diff changeset
541 * Emacs Lisp documentation::
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parents:
diff changeset
542 * Installing Texinfo documentation::
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543 * Printing a Texinfo file::
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544 * Viewing Info files outside of Emacs::
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545 * Informational files for Emacs::
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546 * Help installing Emacs::
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547 * Obtaining the FAQ::
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548 @end menu
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549
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550 @node Basic editing, Learning how to do something, Getting help, Getting help
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diff changeset
551 @section I'm just starting Emacs; how do I do basic editing?
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552 @cindex Basic editing with Emacs
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diff changeset
553 @cindex Beginning editing
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diff changeset
554 @cindex Tutorial, invoking the
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diff changeset
555 @cindex Self-paced tutorial, invoking the
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parents:
diff changeset
556 @cindex Help system, entering the
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diff changeset
557
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558 Type @kbd{C-h t} to invoke the self-paced tutorial. Just typing @kbd{C-h}
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559 enters the help system.
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560
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diff changeset
561 Your system administrator may have changed @kbd{C-h} to act like
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562 @key{DEL} to deal with local keyboards. You can use @kbd{M-x
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563 help-for-help} instead to invoke help. To discover what key (if any)
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564 invokes help on your system, type @kbd{M-x where-is @key{RET}
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diff changeset
565 help-for-help @key{RET}}. This will print a comma-separated list of key
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diff changeset
566 sequences in the echo area. Ignore the last character in each key
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diff changeset
567 sequence listed. Each of the resulting key sequences invokes help.
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568
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diff changeset
569 Emacs help works best if it is invoked by a single key whose value
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570 should be stored in the variable @code{help-char}.
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571
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572 There is also a WWW-based tutorial for Emacs 18, much of which is also
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573 relevant for later versions of Emacs, available at
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574
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575 @uref{http://kufacts.cc.ukans.edu/cwis/writeups/misc/emacsguide.html}
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576
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diff changeset
577 @node Learning how to do something, Getting a printed manual, Basic editing, Getting help
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parents:
diff changeset
578 @section How do I find out how to do something in Emacs?
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parents:
diff changeset
579 @cindex Help for Emacs
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parents:
diff changeset
580 @cindex Learning to do something in Emacs
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parents:
diff changeset
581 @cindex Reference card for Emacs
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parents:
diff changeset
582 @cindex Overview of help systems
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parents:
diff changeset
583
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diff changeset
584 There are several methods for finding out how to do things in Emacs.
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diff changeset
585
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diff changeset
586 @itemize @bullet
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diff changeset
587
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diff changeset
588 @cindex Reading the Emacs manual
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589 @item
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590 The complete text of the Emacs manual is available on-line via the Info
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diff changeset
591 hypertext reader. Type @kbd{C-h i} to invoke Info. Typing @key{h}
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592 immediately after entering Info will provide a short tutorial on how to
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parents:
diff changeset
593 use it.
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parents:
diff changeset
594
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diff changeset
595 @cindex Lookup a subject in a manual
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
596 @cindex Index search in a manual
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diff changeset
597 @item
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diff changeset
598 To quickly locate the section of the manual which discusses a certain
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diff changeset
599 issue, or describes a command or a variable, type @kbd{C-h i m emacs
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600 @key{RET} i @var{topic} @key{RET}}, where @var{topic} is the name of the
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diff changeset
601 topic, the command, or the variable which you are looking for. If this
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diff changeset
602 does not land you on the right place in the manual, press @kbd{,}
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diff changeset
603 (comma) repeatedly until you find what you need. (The @kbd{i} and
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diff changeset
604 @kbd{,} keys invoke the index-searching functions, which look for the
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diff changeset
605 @var{topic} you type in all the indices of the Emacs manual.)
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diff changeset
606
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diff changeset
607 @cindex Apropos
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diff changeset
608 @item
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609 You can list all of the commands whose names contain a certain word
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diff changeset
610 (actually which match a regular expression) using @kbd{C-h a} (@kbd{M-x
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diff changeset
611 command-apropos}).
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parents: 34151
diff changeset
612
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diff changeset
613 @cindex Command description in the manual
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diff changeset
614 @item
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diff changeset
615 The command @kbd{C-h C-f} (@code{Info-goto-emacs-command-node}) prompts
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diff changeset
616 for the name of a command, and then attempts to find the section in the
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
617 Emacs manual where that command is described.
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diff changeset
618
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diff changeset
619 @cindex Finding commands and variables
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620 @item
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diff changeset
621 You can list all of the functions and variables whose names contain a
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diff changeset
622 certain word using @kbd{M-x apropos}.
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diff changeset
623
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diff changeset
624 @item
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diff changeset
625 You can list all of the functions and variables whose documentation
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
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parents: 34151
diff changeset
626 matches a regular expression or a string, using @kbd{M-x
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parents: 34151
diff changeset
627 apropos-documentation}.
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diff changeset
628
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629 @item
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630 You can order a hardcopy of the manual from the FSF. @xref{Getting a
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parents:
diff changeset
631 printed manual}.
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parents:
diff changeset
632
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diff changeset
633 @cindex Reference cards, in other languages
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diff changeset
634 @item
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diff changeset
635 You can get a printed reference card listing commands and keys to
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parents:
diff changeset
636 invoke them. You can order one from the FSF for $1 (or 10 for $5),
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parents:
diff changeset
637 or you can print your own from the @file{etc/refcard.tex} or
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diff changeset
638 @file{etc/refcard.ps} files in the Emacs distribution. Beginning with
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parents: 34151
diff changeset
639 version 21.1, the Emacs distribution comes with translations of the
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diff changeset
640 reference card into several languages; look for files named
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
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parents: 34151
diff changeset
641 @file{etc/@var{lang}-refcard.*}, where @var{lang} is a two-letter code
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parents: 34151
diff changeset
642 of the language. For example, the German version of the reference card
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
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parents: 34151
diff changeset
643 is in the files @file{etc/de-refcard.tex} and @file{etc/de-refcard.ps}.
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diff changeset
644
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diff changeset
645 @item
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diff changeset
646 There are many other commands in Emacs for getting help and
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diff changeset
647 information. To get a list of these commands, type @samp{?} after
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diff changeset
648 @kbd{C-h}.
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diff changeset
649
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diff changeset
650 @end itemize
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diff changeset
651
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diff changeset
652 @node Getting a printed manual, Emacs Lisp documentation, Learning how to do something, Getting help
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diff changeset
653 @section How do I get a printed copy of the Emacs manual?
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parents:
diff changeset
654 @cindex Printed Emacs manual, obtaining
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diff changeset
655 @cindex Manual, obtaining a printed or HTML copy of
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diff changeset
656 @cindex Emacs manual, obtaining a printed or HTML copy of
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diff changeset
657
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diff changeset
658 You can order a printed copy of the Emacs manual from the FSF. For
34741
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diff changeset
659 details see the @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html, GNU Web site}
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diff changeset
660 and the file @file{etc/ORDERS}.
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diff changeset
661
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diff changeset
662 @c The number 620 below is version-dependent!
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diff changeset
663 The full Texinfo source for the manual also comes in the @file{man}
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e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
664 directory of the Emacs distribution, if you're daring enough to try to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
665 print out this 620-page manual yourself (@pxref{Printing a Texinfo
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
666 file}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
667
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
668 If you absolutely have to print your own copy, and you don't have @TeX{},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
669 you can get a PostScript version from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
670
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
671 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/manual/emacs/ps/emacs.ps.gz}
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
672
40014
79d5f2aed303 (Getting a printed manual): Add an index entry for HTML version
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39551
diff changeset
673 @cindex HTML version of Emacs manual, obtaining
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
674 An HTML version of the manual is at
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
675
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
676 @uref{www.gnu.org/manual/emacs/index.html}
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
677
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
678 @xref{Learning how to do something}, for how to view the manual on-line.
25474
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
679
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
680 @node Emacs Lisp documentation, Installing Texinfo documentation, Getting a printed manual, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
681 @section Where can I get documentation on Emacs Lisp?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
682 @cindex Documentation on Emacs Lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
683 @cindex Function documentation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
684 @cindex Variable documentation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
685 @cindex Emacs Lisp Reference Manual
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
686 @cindex Reference manual for Emacs Lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
687
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
688 Within Emacs, you can type @kbd{C-h f} to get the documentation for a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
689 function, @kbd{C-h v} for a variable.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
690
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
691 For more information, obtain the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual. Details
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
692 on ordering it from FSF are on the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
693 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html, GNU Web site} and in the file
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
694 @file{etc/ORDERS}.
25474
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
695
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
696 The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual is also available on-line, in Info
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
697 format. Texinfo source for the manual (along with pregenerated Info
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
698 files) is available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
699
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
700 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-manual-21-2.6.tar.gz}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
701
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
702 and all mirrors of @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (for a list, @pxref{Current GNU
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
703 distributions}). @xref{Installing Texinfo documentation}, if you want
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
704 to install the Info files, or @ref{Printing a Texinfo file}, if you want
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
705 to use the Texinfo source to print the manual yourself.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
706
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
707 An HTML version of the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual is available at
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
708
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
709 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/manual/elisp-manual-21-2.6/elisp.html}
25474
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
710
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
711 @node Installing Texinfo documentation, Printing a Texinfo file, Emacs Lisp documentation, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
712 @section How do I install a piece of Texinfo documentation?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
713 @cindex Texinfo documentation, installing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
714 @cindex Installing Texinfo documentation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
715 @cindex New Texinfo files, installing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
716 @cindex Documentation, installing new Texinfo files
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
717 @cindex Info files, how to install
25474
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
718
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
719 First, you must turn the Texinfo files into Info files. You may do this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
720 using the stand-alone @file{makeinfo} program, available as part of the latest
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
721 Texinfo package at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
722
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
723 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/texinfo/texinfo-4.0.tar.gz}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
724
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
725 and all mirrors of @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (for a list, @pxref{Current GNU
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
726 distributions}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
727
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
728 For information about the Texinfo format, read the Texinfo manual which
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
729 comes with the Texinfo package. This manual also comes installed in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
730 Info format, so you can read it on-line; type @kbd{C-h i m texinfo
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
731 @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
732
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
733 Alternatively, you could use the Emacs command @kbd{M-x
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
734 texinfo-format-buffer}, after visiting the Texinfo source file of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
735 manual you want to convert.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
736
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
737 Neither @code{texinfo-format-buffer} nor @file{makeinfo} installs the
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
738 resulting Info files in Emacs's Info tree. To install Info files,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
739 perform these steps:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
740
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
741 @enumerate
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
742 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
743 Move the files to the @file{info} directory in the installed Emacs
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
744 distribution. @xref{File-name conventions}, if you don't know where that
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
745 is.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
746
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
747 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
748 Run the @code{install-info} command, which is part of the Texinfo
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
749 distribution, to update the main Info directory menu, like this:
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
750
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
751 @example
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
752 install-info --info-dir=@var{dir-path} @var{dir-path}/@var{file}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
753 @end example
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
754
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
755 @noindent
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
756 where @var{dir-path} is the full path to the directory where you copied
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
757 the produced Info file(s), and @var{file} is the name of the Info file
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
758 you produced and want to install.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
759
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
760 If you don't have the @code{install-info} command installed, you can
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
761 edit the file @file{info/dir} in the installed Emacs distribution, and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
762 add a line for the top level node in the Info package that you are
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
763 installing. Follow the examples already in this file. The format is:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
764
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
765 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
766 * Topic: (relative-pathname). Short description of topic.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
767 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
768
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
769 @end enumerate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
770
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
771 If you want to install Info files and you don't have the necessary
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
772 privileges, you have several options:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
773
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
774 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
775 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
776 Info files don't actually need to be installed before being used. You
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
777 can feed a file name to the @code{Info-goto-node} command (invoked by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
778 pressing @key{g} in Info mode) by typing the name of the file in
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
779 parentheses. This goes to the node named ``Top'' in that file. For
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
780 example, to view a Info file named @file{@var{info-file}} in your home
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
781 directory, you can type this:
25474
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
782
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
783 @example
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
784 @kbd{C-h i g (~/@var{info-file}) @key{RET}}
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
785 @end example
25474
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
786
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
787 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
788 You can create your own Info directory. You can tell Emacs where that
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
789 Info directory is by adding its pathname to the value of the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
790 @code{Info-default-directory-list}. For example, to use a private Info
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
791 directory which is a subdirectory of your home directory named @file{Info},
25474
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
792 you could put this in your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
793
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
794 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
795 (setq Info-default-directory-list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
796 (cons "~/Info" Info-default-directory-list))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
797 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
798
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
799 You will need a top-level Info file named @file{dir} in this directory
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
800 which has everything the system @file{dir} file has in it, except it should
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
801 list only entries for Info files in that directory. You might not need
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
802 it if all files in this directory were referenced by other @file{dir}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
803 files. The node lists from all @file{dir} files in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
804 @code{Info-default-directory-list} are merged by the Info system.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
805
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
806 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
807
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
808 @node Printing a Texinfo file, Viewing Info files outside of Emacs, Installing Texinfo documentation, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
809 @section How do I print a Texinfo file?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
810 @cindex Printing a Texinfo file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
811 @cindex Texinfo file, printing
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
812 @cindex Printing documentation
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
813
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
814 You can't get nicely printed output from Info files; you must still have
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
815 the original Texinfo source file for the manual you want to print.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
816
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
817 Assuming you have @TeX{} installed on your system, follow these steps:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
818
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
819 @enumerate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
820
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
821 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
822 Make sure the first line of the Texinfo file looks like this:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
823
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
824 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
825 \input texinfo
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
826 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
827
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
828 You may need to change @samp{texinfo} to the full pathname of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
829 @file{texinfo.tex} file, which comes with Emacs as
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
830 @file{man/texinfo.tex} (or copy or link it into the current directory).
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
831
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
832 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
833 Type @kbd{texi2dvi @var{texinfo-source}}, where @var{texinfo-source} is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
834 the name of the Texinfo source file for which you want to produce a
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
835 printed copy.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
836
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
837 The @samp{texi2dvi} script is part of the GNU Texinfo distribution
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
838 (@pxref{Installing Texinfo documentation}).
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
839
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
840 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
841 Print the DVI file @file{@var{texinfo-source}.dvi} in the normal way for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
842 printing DVI files at your site. For example, if you have a PostScript
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
843 printer, run the @code{dvips} program to print the DVI file on that
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
844 printer.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
845
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
846 @end enumerate
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
847
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
848 To get more general instructions, retrieve the latest Texinfo package
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
849 (@pxref{Installing Texinfo documentation}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
850
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
851 @node Viewing Info files outside of Emacs, Informational files for Emacs, Printing a Texinfo file, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
852 @section Can I view Info files without using Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
853 @cindex Viewing Info files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
854 @cindex Info file viewers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
855 @cindex Alternative Info file viewers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
856
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
857 Yes. Here are some alternative programs:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
858
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
859 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
860
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
861 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
862 @code{info}, a stand-alone version of the Info program, comes as part of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
863 the Texinfo package. @xref{Installing Texinfo documentation}, for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
864 details.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
865
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
866 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
867 Xinfo, a stand-alone version of the Info program that runs under X
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
868 Window system. You can get it at
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
869 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/xinfo/xinfo-1.01.01.tar.gz} and all
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
870 mirrors of @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (see @ref{Current GNU distributions}, for a
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
871 list of mirrors).
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
872
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
873 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
874 Tkinfo, an Info viewer that runs under X Window system and uses Tcl/Tk.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
875 You can get Tkinfo at
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
876 @uref{http://math-www.uni-paderborn.de/~axel/tkinfo/}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
877
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
878 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
879
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
880 @node Informational files for Emacs, Help installing Emacs, Viewing Info files outside of Emacs, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
881 @section What informational files are available for Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
882 @cindex Informational files included with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
883 @cindex Files included with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
884 @cindex @file{COPYING}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
885 @cindex @file{DISTRIB}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
886 @cindex @file{FTP}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
887 @cindex @file{GNU}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
888 @cindex @file{INTERVIEW}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
889 @cindex @file{LPF}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
890 @cindex @file{MACHINES}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
891 @cindex @file{MAILINGLISTS}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
892 @cindex @file{NEWS}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
893 @cindex @file{SERVICE}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
894 @cindex @file{SUN-SUPPORT}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
895
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
896 This isn't a frequently asked question, but it should be! A variety of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
897 informational files about Emacs and relevant aspects of the GNU project
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
898 are available for you to read.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
899
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
900 The following files are available in the @file{etc} directory of the
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
901 Emacs distribution (see @ref{File-name conventions}, if you're not sure
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
902 where that is).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
903
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
904 @table @file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
905
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
906 @item COPYING
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
907 Emacs General Public License
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
908
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
909 @item DISTRIB
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
910 Emacs Availability Information, including the popular "Free Software
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
911 Foundation Order Form"
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
912
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
913 @item FTP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
914 How to get GNU Software by Internet FTP or by UUCP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
915
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
916 @item GNU
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
917 The GNU Manifesto
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
918
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
919 @item INTERVIEW
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
920 Richard Stallman discusses his public-domain UNIX-compatible software
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
921 system with BYTE editors
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
922
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
923 @item LPF
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
924 Why you should join the League for Programming Freedom
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
925
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
926 @item MACHINES
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
927 Status of Emacs on Various Machines and Systems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
928
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
929 @item MAILINGLISTS
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
930 GNU Project Electronic Mailing Lists
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
931
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
932 @item NEWS
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
933 Emacs news, a history of recent user-visible changes
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
934
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
935 @item SERVICE
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
936 GNU Service Directory
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
937
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
938 @item SUN-SUPPORT
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
939 including "Using Emacstool with GNU Emacs"
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
940
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
941 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
942
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
943 Latest versions of the above files also available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
944
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
945 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/GNUinfo/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
946
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
947 More GNU information, including back issues of the @cite{GNU's
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
948 Bulletin}, are at
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
949
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
950 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/bulletins/bulletins.html} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
951
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
952 @uref{http://www.cs.pdx.edu/~trent/gnu/gnu.html}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
953
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
954 @node Help installing Emacs, Obtaining the FAQ, Informational files for Emacs, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
955 @section Where can I get help in installing Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
956 @cindex Installation help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
957 @cindex Help installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
958
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
959 @xref{Installing Emacs}, for some basic installation hints, and see
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
960 @ref{Problems building Emacs}, or @ref{Linking with -lX11 fails}, if you
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
961 have problems with the installation.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
962
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
963 The file @file{etc/SERVICE} (see @ref{File-name conventions}, if you're
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
964 not sure where that is) lists companies and individuals willing to sell
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
965 you help in installing or using Emacs. An up-to-date version this file
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
966 is available on @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (@pxref{Informational files for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
967 Emacs}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
968
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
969 @node Obtaining the FAQ, , Help installing Emacs, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
970 @section Where can I get the latest version of this FAQ?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
971 @cindex FAQ, obtaining the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
972 @cindex Latest FAQ version, obtaining the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
973 @cindex Retrieving the latest FAQ version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
974 @cindex E-mail, retrieving the FAQ via
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
975 @cindex Web, reading the FAQ on the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
976
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
977 The Emacs FAQ is available in several ways:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
978
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
979 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
980
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
981 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
982 Inside of Emacs itself. You can get it from selecting the @samp{Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
983 FAQ} option from the @samp{Help} menu of the Emacs menu bar at the top
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
984 of any Emacs frame, or by typing @kbd{C-h F} (@kbd{M-x view-emacs-FAQ}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
985
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
986 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
987 Via USENET. If you can read news, the FAQ should be available in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
988 news spool, in both the @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
989 @uref{news:comp.emacs} newsgroups. Every news reader should allow you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
990 to read any news article that is still in the news spool, even if you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
991 have read the article before. You may need to read the instructions for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
992 your news reader to discover how to do this. In @file{rn}, this command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
993 will do this for you at the article selection level:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
994
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
995 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
996 ?GNU Emacs Frequently Asked Questions?rc:m
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
997 @end example
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
998
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
999 In Gnus, you should type @kbd{C-u C-x C-s} from the @file{*Summary*}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1000 buffer or @kbd{C-u @key{SPC}} from the @file{*Newsgroup*} buffer to view
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1001 all articles in a newsgroup.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1002
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1003 If the FAQ articles have expired and have been deleted from your news
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1004 spool, it might (or might not) do some good to complain to your news
25474
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parents:
diff changeset
1005 administrator, because the most recent FAQ should not expire for a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1006 while.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1007
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1008 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1009 Via HTTP or FTP. You can always fetch the latest FAQ from
25474
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1010
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1011 @uref{http://www.lerner.co.il/emacs/} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1012
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1013 @uref{ftp://ftp.lerner.co.il/pub/emacs/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1014
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1015 @item
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1016 In the Emacs distribution. Since Emacs 18.56, the FAQ at the time
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1017 of release has been part of the Emacs distribution as either
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1018 @file{etc/FAQ} or @file{man/faq.texi} (@pxref{File-name conventions}).
25474
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parents:
diff changeset
1019
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1020 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1021 Via the World Wide Web. A hypertext version is available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1022
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1023 @uref{http://www.lerner.co.il/emacs/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1024
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1025 @item
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1026 Via anonymous ftp and e-mail from @file{rtfm.mit.edu} (and its mirror in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1027 Europe), the main repository for FAQs and other items posted to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1028 news.answers. The Emacs FAQs are available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1029
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1030 @uref{ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.emacs/} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1031
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1032 @uref{ftp://ftp.uni-paderborn.de/pub/doc/FAQ/comp/emacs/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1033
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1034 If you do not have access to anonymous FTP, you can access the archives
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1035 using the @file{rtfm.mit.edu} mail server. The Emacs FAQ can be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1036 retrieved by sending mail to @email{mail-server@@rtfm.mit.edu} with a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1037 blank subject and containing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1038
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1039 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1040 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/diffs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1041 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part1
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1042 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part2
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1043 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part3
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1044 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part4
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1045 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part5
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1046 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1047
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1048 For more information, send email to @email{mail-server@@rtfm.mit.edu}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1049 with "help" and "index" in the body on separate lines.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1050
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1051 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1052 As the very last resort, you can e-mail a request to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1053 @email{emacs-faq@@lerner.co.il}. Don't do this unless you have made a
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1054 good-faith effort to obtain the FAQ list via one of the methods listed
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1055 above.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1056
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1057 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1058
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1059 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1060 @node Status of Emacs, Common requests, Getting help, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1061 @chapter Status of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1062 @cindex Status of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1063
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1064 This chapter gives you basic information about Emacs, including its
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1065 latest version status.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1066
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1067 @menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1068 * Origin of the term Emacs::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1069 * Latest version of Emacs::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1070 * New in Emacs 20::
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1071 * New in Emacs 21::
25474
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1072 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1073
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1074 @node Origin of the term Emacs, Latest version of Emacs, Status of Emacs, Status of Emacs
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1075 @section Where does the name ``Emacs'' come from?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1076 @cindex Origin of the term ``Emacs''
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1077 @cindex Emacs name origin
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1078 @cindex TECO
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1079 @cindex Original version of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1080
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1081 Emacs originally was an acronym for Editor MACroS. RMS says he ``picked
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1082 the name Emacs because @key{E} was not in use as an abbreviation on ITS at
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1083 the time.'' The first Emacs was a set of macros written in 1976 at MIT
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1084 by RMS for the editor TECO (Text Editor and COrrector, originally Tape
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1085 Editor and COrrector) under ITS on a PDP-10. RMS had already extended
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1086 TECO with a ``real-time'' full-screen mode with reprogrammable keys.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1087 Emacs was started by @email{gls@@east.sun.com, Guy Steele} as a project
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1088 to unify the many divergent TECO command sets and key bindings at MIT,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1089 and completed by RMS.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1090
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1091 Many people have said that TECO code looks a lot like line noise; you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1092 can read more at @uref{news:alt.lang.teco}. Someone has written a TECO
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1093 implementation in Emacs Lisp (to find it, see @ref{Packages that do not
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1094 come with Emacs}); it would be an interesting project to run the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1095 original TECO Emacs inside of Emacs.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1096
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1097 @cindex Why Emacs?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1098 For some not-so-serious alternative reasons for Emacs to have that
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1099 name, check out the file @file{etc/JOKES} (@pxref{File-name
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1100 conventions}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1101
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1102 @node Latest version of Emacs, New in Emacs 20, Origin of the term Emacs, Status of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1103 @section What is the latest version of Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1104 @cindex Version, latest
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1105 @cindex Latest version of Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1106
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1107 Emacs @value{VER} is the current version as of this writing.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1108
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1109 @node New in Emacs 20, New in Emacs 21, Latest version of Emacs, Status of Emacs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1110 @section What is different about Emacs 20?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1111 @cindex Differences between Emacs 19 and Emacs 20
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1112 @cindex Emacs 20, new features in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1113
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1114 To find out what has changed in recent versions, type @kbd{C-h n}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1115 (@kbd{M-x view-emacs-news}). The oldest changes are at the bottom of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1116 the file, so you might want to read it starting there, rather than at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1117 the top.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1118
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1119 The differences between Emacs versions 18 and 19 was rather dramatic;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1120 the introduction of frames, faces, and colors on windowing systems was
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1121 obvious to even the most casual user.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1122
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1123 There are differences between Emacs versions 19 and 20 as well, but many
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1124 are more subtle or harder to find. Among the changes are the inclusion
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1125 of MULE code for languages that use non-Latin characters and for mixing
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1126 several languages in the same document; the ``Customize'' facility for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1127 modifying variables without having to use Lisp; and automatic conversion
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1128 of files from Macintosh, Microsoft, and Unix platforms.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1129
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1130 A number of older Lisp packages, such as Gnus, Supercite and the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1131 calendar/diary, have been updated and enhanced to work with Emacs 20,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1132 and are now included with the standard distribution.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1133
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1134
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1135 @node New in Emacs 21, , New in Emacs 20, Status of Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1136 @section What is different about Emacs 21?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1137 @cindex Differences between Emacs 20 and Emacs 21
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1138 @cindex Emacs 21, new features in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1139 @cindex Recently introduced features
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1140
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1141 @cindex Variable-size fonts
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1142 @cindex Toolbar support
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1143 Emacs 21 features a thorough rewrite of the display engine. The new
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1144 display engine supports variable-size fonts, images, and can play sounds
46918
82d113655734 Minor spelling and grammar corrections.
Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>
parents: 46655
diff changeset
1145 on platforms which support that. As a result, the visual appearance of
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1146 Emacs, when it runs on a windowed display, is much more reminiscent of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1147 modern GUI programs, and includes 3D widgets (used for the mode line and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1148 the scroll bars), a configurable and extensible toolbar, tooltips
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1149 (a.k.a.@: balloon help), and other niceties.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1150
36842
654b53bab583 Change "character terminal" to "text-only terminal".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36515
diff changeset
1151 @cindex Colors on text-only terminals
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1152 @cindex TTY colors
36842
654b53bab583 Change "character terminal" to "text-only terminal".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36515
diff changeset
1153 In addition, Emacs 21 supports faces on text-only terminals. This means
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1154 that you can now have colors when you run Emacs on a GNU/Linux console
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1155 and on @code{xterm} with @kbd{emacs -nw}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1156
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1157 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1158 @node Common requests, Bugs and problems, Status of Emacs, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1159 @chapter Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1160 @cindex Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1161
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1162 @menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1163 * Setting up a customization file::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1164 * Debugging a customization file::
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1165 * Colors on a TTY::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1166 * Displaying the current line or column::
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1167 * Displaying the current file name in the titlebar::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1168 * Turning on abbrevs by default::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1169 * Turning on auto-fill by default::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1170 * Associating modes with files::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1171 * Working with unprintable characters::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1172 * Highlighting a region::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1173 * Controlling case sensitivity::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1174 * Wrapping words automatically::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1175 * Spell-checkers::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1176 * Checking TeX and *roff documents::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1177 * Changing load-path::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1178 * Using an already running Emacs process::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1179 * Compiler error messages::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1180 * Indenting switch statements::
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1181 * Customizing C and C++ indentation::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1182 * Horizontal scrolling::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1183 * Overwrite mode::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1184 * Turning off beeping::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1185 * Turning the volume down::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1186 * Automatic indentation::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1187 * Matching parentheses::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1188 * Hiding #ifdef lines::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1189 * Repeating commands::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1190 * Valid X resources::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1191 * Evaluating Emacs Lisp code::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1192 * Changing the length of a Tab::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1193 * Inserting > at the beginning of each line::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1194 * Underlining paragraphs::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1195 * Repeating a command as many times as possible::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1196 * Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1197 * Forcing Emacs to iconify itself::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1198 * Using regular expressions::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1199 * Replacing text across multiple files::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1200 * Documentation for etags::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1201 * Disabling backups::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1202 * Disabling auto-save-mode::
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
1203 * Going to a line by number::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1204 * Modifying pull-down menus::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1205 * Deleting menus and menu options::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1206 * Turning on syntax highlighting::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1207 * Scrolling only one line::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1208 * Replacing highlighted text::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1209 * Editing MS-DOS files::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1210 * Filling paragraphs with a single space::
35651
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
1211 * Escape sequences in shell output::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1212 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1213
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1214 @node Setting up a customization file, Colors on a TTY, Common requests, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1215 @section How do I set up a @file{.emacs} file properly?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1216 @cindex @file{.emacs} file, setting up
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1217 @cindex Init file, setting up
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1218 @cindex Customization file, setting up
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1219
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1220 @inforef{Init File, Init File, emacs}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1221
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1222 In general, new Emacs users should not have @file{.emacs} files, because
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1223 it causes confusing non-standard behavior. Then they send questions to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1224 @email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} asking why Emacs isn't behaving as
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1225 documented.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1226
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1227 Beginning with version 20.1, Emacs includes the new Customize
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1228 facility, which can be invoked using @kbd{M-x customize @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1229 This allows users who are unfamiliar with Emacs Lisp to modify their
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1230 @file{.emacs} files in a relatively straightforward way, using menus
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1231 rather than Lisp code. Not all packages support Customize as of this
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1232 writing, but the number is growing fairly steadily.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1233
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1234 While Customize might indeed make it easier to configure Emacs,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1235 consider taking a bit of time to learn Emacs Lisp and modifying your
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1236 @file{.emacs} directly. Simple configuration options are described
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1237 rather completely in @inforef{Init File, Init File, emacs}, for users
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1238 interested in performing frequently requested, basic tasks.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1239
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1240 @node Colors on a TTY, Debugging a customization file, Setting up a customization file, Common requests
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1241 @section How do I get colors and syntax highlighting on a TTY?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1242 @cindex Colors on a TTY
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1243 @cindex Syntax highlighting on a TTY
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1244 @cindex Console, colors
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1245
43960
397a4490dc38 Fix some URLs, the Copyright years, and the Emacs version.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 42674
diff changeset
1246 In Emacs 21.1 and later, colors and faces are supported in non-windowed mode,
36842
654b53bab583 Change "character terminal" to "text-only terminal".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36515
diff changeset
1247 i.e.@: on Unix and GNU/Linux text-only terminals and consoles, and when
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1248 invoked as @samp{emacs -nw} on X and MS-Windows. (Colors and faces were
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1249 supported in the MS-DOS port since Emacs 19.29.) Emacs automatically
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1250 detects color support at startup and uses it if available. If you think
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1251 that your terminal supports colors, but Emacs won't use them, check the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1252 @code{termcap} entry for your display type for color-related
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1253 capabilities.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1254
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1255 The command @kbd{M-x list-colors-display} pops up a window which
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1256 exhibits all the colors Emacs knows about on the current display.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1257
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1258 Syntax highlighting is usually turned off by default; see @ref{Turning
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1259 on syntax highlighting}, for instructions how to turn it on.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1260
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1261 @node Debugging a customization file, Displaying the current line or column, Colors on a TTY, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1262 @section How do I debug a @file{.emacs} file?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1263 @cindex Debugging @file{.emacs} file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1264 @cindex @file{.emacs} debugging
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1265 @cindex Init file debugging
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1266 @cindex @samp{-debug-init} option
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1267
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1268 Start Emacs with the @samp{-debug-init} command-line option. This
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1269 enables the Emacs Lisp debugger before evaluating your @file{.emacs}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1270 file, and places you in the debugger if something goes wrong. The top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1271 line in the @file{trace-back} buffer will be the error message, and the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1272 second or third line of that buffer will display the Lisp code from your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1273 @file{.emacs} file that caused the problem.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1274
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1275 You can also evaluate an individual function or argument to a function
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1276 in your @file{.emacs} file by moving the cursor to the end of the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1277 function or argument and typing @kbd{C-x C-e} (@kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1278 eval-last-sexp}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1279
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1280 Use @kbd{C-h v} (@kbd{M-x describe-variable}) to check the value of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1281 variables which you are trying to set or use.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1282
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1283 @node Displaying the current line or column, Displaying the current file name in the titlebar, Debugging a customization file, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1284 @section How do I make Emacs display the current line (or column) number?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1285 @cindex @code{line-number-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1286 @cindex Displaying the current line or column
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1287 @cindex Line number, displaying the current
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1288 @cindex Column, displaying the current
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1289 @cindex @code{mode-line-format}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1290
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1291 To have Emacs automatically display the current line number of the point
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1292 in the mode line, do @kbd{M-x line-number-mode}. You can also put the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1293 form
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1294
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1295 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1296 (setq line-number-mode t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1297 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1298
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1299 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1300 in your @file{.emacs} file to achieve this whenever you start Emacs.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1301 (Line number display is on by default, unless your site-specific
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1302 initialization disables it.) Note that Emacs will not display the line
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1303 number if the buffer's size in bytes is larger than the value of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1304 variable @code{line-number-display-limit}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1305
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1306 As of Emacs 20, you can similarly display the current column with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1307 @kbd{M-x column-number-mode}, or by putting the form
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1308
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1309 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1310 (setq column-number-mode t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1311 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1312
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1313 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1314 in your @file{.emacs} file.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1315
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1316 The @code{"%c"} format specifier in the variable @code{mode-line-format}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1317 will insert the current column's value into the mode line. See the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1318 documentation for @code{mode-line-format} (using @kbd{C-h v
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1319 mode-line-format @key{RET}}) for more information on how to set and use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1320 this variable.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1321
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1322 Users of all Emacs versions can display the current column using the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1323 @samp{column} package written by @email{abraham@@dina.kvl.dk, Per
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1324 Abrahamsen}. @xref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}, for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1325 instructions on how to get it.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1326
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1327 @cindex Set number capability in @code{vi} emulators
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1328 None of the @code{vi} emulation modes provide the ``set number''
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1329 capability of @code{vi} (as far as we know).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1330
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1331 @node Displaying the current file name in the titlebar, Turning on abbrevs by default, Displaying the current line or column, Common requests
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1332 @section How can I modify the titlebar to contain the current file name?
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1333 @cindex Titlebar, displaying the current file name in
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1334 @cindex File name, displaying in the titlebar
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1335 @cindex @code{frame-title-format}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1336
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1337 The contents of an Emacs frame's titlebar is controlled by the variable
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1338 @code{frame-title-format}, which has the same structure as the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1339 @code{mode-line-format}. (Use @kbd{C-h v} or @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1340 describe-variable} to get information about one or both of these
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1341 variables.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1342
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1343 By default, the titlebar for a frame does contain the name of the buffer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1344 currently being visited, except if there is a single frame. In such a
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1345 case, the titlebar contains Emacs invocation name and the name of the
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1346 machine at which Emacs was invoked. This is done by setting
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1347 @code{frame-title-format} to the default value of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1348
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1349 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1350 (multiple-frames "%b" ("" invocation-name "@@" system-name))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1351 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1352
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1353 To modify the behavior such that frame titlebars contain the buffer's
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1354 name regardless of the number of existing frames, include the following
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1355 in your @file{.emacs}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1356
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1357 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1358 (setq frame-title-format "%b")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1359 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1360
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1361 @node Turning on abbrevs by default, Turning on auto-fill by default, Displaying the current file name in the titlebar, Common requests
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1362 @section How do I turn on abbrevs by default just in mode @var{mymode}?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1363 @cindex Abbrevs, turning on by default
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1364
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1365 Put this in your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1366
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1367 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1368 (condition-case ()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1369 (quietly-read-abbrev-file)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1370 (file-error nil))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1371
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1372 (add-hook '@var{mymode}-mode-hook
28344
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
1373 (lambda ()
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
1374 (setq abbrev-mode t)))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1375 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1376
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1377 @node Turning on auto-fill by default, Associating modes with files, Turning on abbrevs by default, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1378 @section How do I turn on @code{auto-fill-mode} by default?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1379 @cindex @code{auto-fill-mode}, activating automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1380 @cindex Filling automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1381 @cindex Automatic entry to @code{auto-fill-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1382
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1383 To turn on @code{auto-fill-mode} just once for one buffer, use @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1384 auto-fill-mode}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1385
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1386 To turn it on for every buffer in a certain mode, you must use the hook
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1387 for that mode. For example, to turn on @code{auto-fill} mode for all
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1388 text buffers, including the following in your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1389
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1390 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1391 (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-auto-fill)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1392 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1393
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1394 If you want @code{auto-fill} mode on in all major modes, do this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1395
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1396 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1397 (setq-default auto-fill-function 'do-auto-fill)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1398 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1399
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1400 @node Associating modes with files, Working with unprintable characters, Turning on auto-fill by default, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1401 @section How do I make Emacs use a certain major mode for certain files?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1402 @cindex Associating modes with files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1403 @cindex File extensions and modes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1404 @cindex @code{auto-mode-alist}, modifying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1405 @cindex Modes, associating with file extensions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1406
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1407 If you want to use a certain mode @var{foo} for all files whose names end
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1408 with the extension @file{.@var{bar}}, this will do it for you:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1409
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1410 @lisp
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1411 (setq auto-mode-alist (cons '("\\.@var{bar}\\'" . @var{foo}-mode) auto-mode-alist))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1412 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1413
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1414 Otherwise put this somewhere in the first line of any file you want to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1415 edit in the mode @var{foo} (in the second line, if the first line begins
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1416 with @samp{#!}):
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1417
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1418 @example
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1419 -*- @var{foo} -*-
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1420 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1421
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1422 @cindex Major mode for shell scripts
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1423 Beginning with Emacs 19, the variable @code{interpreter-mode-alist}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1424 specifies which mode to use when loading a shell script. (Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1425 determines which interpreter you're using by examining the first line of
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1426 the script.) This feature only applies when the file name doesn't
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1427 indicate which mode to use. Use @kbd{C-h v} (or @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1428 describe-variable}) on @code{interpreter-mode-alist} to learn more.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1429
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1430 @node Working with unprintable characters, Highlighting a region, Associating modes with files, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1431 @section How do I search for, delete, or replace unprintable (eight-bit or control) characters?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1432 @cindex Unprintable characters, working with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1433 @cindex Working with unprintable characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1434 @cindex Control characters, working with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1435 @cindex Eight-bit characters, working with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1436 @cindex Searching for unprintable characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1437 @cindex Regexps and unprintable characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1438
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1439 To search for a single character that appears in the buffer as, for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1440 example, @samp{\237}, you can type @kbd{C-s C-q 2 3 7}. (This assumes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1441 the value of @code{search-quote-char} is 17 (i.e., @kbd{C-q}).)
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1442 Searching for @strong{all} unprintable characters is best done with a
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1443 regular expression (@dfn{regexp}) search. The easiest regexp to use for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1444 the unprintable chars is the complement of the regexp for the printable
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1445 chars.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1446
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1447 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1448
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1449 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1450 Regexp for the printable chars: @samp{[\t\n\r\f -~]}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1451
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1452 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1453 Regexp for the unprintable chars: @samp{[^\t\n\r\f -~]}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1454
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1455 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1456
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1457 To type these special characters in an interactive argument to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1458 @code{isearch-forward-regexp} or @code{re-search-forward}, you need to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1459 use @kbd{C-q}. (@samp{\t}, @samp{\n}, @samp{\r}, and @samp{\f} stand
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1460 respectively for @key{TAB}, @key{LFD}, @key{RET}, and @kbd{C-l}.) So,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1461 to search for unprintable characters using @code{re-search-forward}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1462
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1463 @kbd{M-x re-search-forward @key{RET} [^ @key{TAB} C-q @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~] @key{RET}}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1464
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1465 Using @code{isearch-forward-regexp}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1466
40705
421e0a91a1d1 Replace M-C- with C-M-
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40014
diff changeset
1467 @kbd{C-M-s [^ @key{TAB} @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~]}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1468
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1469 To delete all unprintable characters, simply use replace-regexp:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1470
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1471 @kbd{M-x replace-regexp @key{RET} [^ @key{TAB} C-q @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~] @key{RET} @key{RET}}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1472
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1473 Replacing is similar to the above. To replace all unprintable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1474 characters with a colon, use:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1475
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1476 M-x replace-regexp @key{RET} [^ @key{TAB} C-q @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~] @key{RET} : @key{RET}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1477
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1478 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1479
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1480 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1481 You don't need to quote @key{TAB} with either isearch or typing
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1482 something in the minibuffer.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1483
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1484 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1485
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1486 @node Highlighting a region, Controlling case sensitivity, Working with unprintable characters, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1487 @section How can I highlight a region of text in Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1488 @cindex Highlighting text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1489 @cindex Text, highlighting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1490 @cindex @code{transient-mark-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1491 @cindex Region, highlighting a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1492
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1493 You can cause the region to be highlighted when the mark is active by
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1494 including
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1495
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1496 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1497 (transient-mark-mode t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1498 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1499
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1500 @noindent
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1501 in your @file{.emacs} file. (Also see @ref{Turning on syntax
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1502 highlighting}.)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1503
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1504 @node Controlling case sensitivity, Wrapping words automatically, Highlighting a region, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1505 @section How do I control Emacs's case-sensitivity when searching/replacing?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1506 @cindex @code{case-fold-search}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1507 @cindex Case sensitivity of searches
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1508 @cindex Searching without case sensitivity
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1509 @cindex Ignoring case in searches
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1510
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1511 For searching, the value of the variable @code{case-fold-search}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1512 determines whether they are case sensitive:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1513
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1514 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1515 (setq case-fold-search nil) ; make searches case sensitive
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1516 (setq case-fold-search t) ; make searches case insensitive
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1517 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1518
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1519 @cindex Case sensitivity in replacements
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1520 @cindex Replacing, and case sensitivity
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1521 @cindex @code{case-replace}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1522 Similarly, for replacing, the variable @code{case-replace} determines
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1523 whether replacements preserve case.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1524
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1525 To change the case sensitivity just for one major mode, use the major
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1526 mode's hook. For example:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1527
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1528 @lisp
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1529 (add-hook '@var{foo}-mode-hook
28344
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
1530 (lambda ()
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
1531 (setq case-fold-search nil)))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1532 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1533
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1534 @node Wrapping words automatically, Spell-checkers, Controlling case sensitivity, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1535 @section How do I make Emacs wrap words for me?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1536 @cindex Wrapping word automatically
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1537 @cindex Wrapping lines
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1538 @cindex Line wrap
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1539 @cindex @code{auto-fill-mode}, introduction to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1540 @cindex Maximum line width, default value
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1541 @cindex @code{fill-column}, default value
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1542
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1543 Use @code{auto-fill-mode}, activated by typing @kbd{M-x auto-fill-mode}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1544 The default maximum line width is 70, determined by the variable
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1545 @code{fill-column}. To learn how to turn this on automatically, see
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1546 @ref{Turning on auto-fill by default}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1547
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1548 @node Spell-checkers, Checking TeX and *roff documents, Wrapping words automatically, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1549 @section Where can I get a better spelling checker for Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1550 @cindex Checking spelling
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1551 @cindex Spelling, checking text documents
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1552
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1553 Use Ispell. @xref{Ispell}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1554
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1555 @node Checking TeX and *roff documents, Changing load-path, Spell-checkers, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1556 @section How can I spell-check @TeX{} or *roff documents?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1557 @cindex Spelling, checking @TeX{} documents
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1558 @cindex @TeX{} documents, checking spelling in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1559
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1560 Use Ispell. Ispell can handle @TeX{} and *roff documents.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1561 @xref{Ispell}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1562
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1563 @node Changing load-path, Using an already running Emacs process, Checking TeX and *roff documents, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1564 @section How do I change @code{load-path}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1565 @cindex @code{load-path}, modifying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1566 @cindex Modifying @code{load-path}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1567 @cindex Adding to @code{load-path}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1568
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1569 In general, you should only add to the @code{load-path}. You can add
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1570 directory @var{/dir/subdir} to the load path like this:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1571
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1572 @lisp
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1573 (setq load-path (cons "/dir/subdir/" load-path))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1574 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1575
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1576 To do this relative to your home directory:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1577
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1578 @lisp
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1579 (setq load-path (cons "~/mysubdir/" load-path)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1580 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1581
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1582 @node Using an already running Emacs process, Compiler error messages, Changing load-path, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1583 @section How do I use an already running Emacs from another window?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1584 @cindex @code{emacsclient}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1585 @cindex Emacs server functions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1586 @cindex Using an existing Emacs process
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1587
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1588 @code{emacsclient}, which comes with Emacs, is for editing a file using
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1589 an already running Emacs rather than starting up a new Emacs. It does
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1590 this by sending a request to the already running Emacs, which must be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1591 expecting the request.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1592
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1593 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1594
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1595 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1596 Setup:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1597
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1598 Emacs must have executed the @code{server-start} function for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1599 @samp{emacsclient} to work. This can be done either by a command line
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1600 option:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1601
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1602 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1603 emacs -f server-start
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1604 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1605
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1606 or by invoking @code{server-start} from @file{.emacs}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1607
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1608 @lisp
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1609 (if (@var{some conditions are met}) (server-start))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1610 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1611
47614
c959ab9efa1f Remove emacsserver.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 46918
diff changeset
1612 When this is done, Emacs creates a Unix domain socket.
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1613 The socket is either named @file{.emacs_server}, in the user's home directory,
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1614 or @file{esrv-@var{userid}-@var{systemname}}, in the @file{/tmp}
47614
c959ab9efa1f Remove emacsserver.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 46918
diff changeset
1615 directory, depending on your system. See @var{server-socket-name}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1616
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1617 To get your news reader, mail reader, etc., to invoke
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1618 @samp{emacsclient}, try setting the environment variable @code{EDITOR}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1619 (or sometimes @code{VISUAL}) to the value @samp{emacsclient}. You may
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1620 have to specify the full pathname of the @samp{emacsclient} program
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1621 instead. Examples:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1622
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1623 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1624 # csh commands:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1625 setenv EDITOR emacsclient
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1626
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1627 # using full pathname
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1628 setenv EDITOR /usr/local/emacs/etc/emacsclient
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1629
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1630 # sh command:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1631 EDITOR=emacsclient ; export EDITOR
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1632 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1633
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1634 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1635 Normal use:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1636
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1637 When @samp{emacsclient} is run, it connects to the @file{.emacs_server}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1638 socket and passes its command line options to @samp{server}. When
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1639 @samp{server} receives these requests, it sends this information to the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1640 the Emacs process, which at the next opportunity will visit the files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1641 specified. (Line numbers can be specified just like with Emacs.) The
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1642 user will have to switch to the Emacs window by hand. When the user is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1643 done editing a file, the user can type @kbd{C-x #} (or @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1644 server-edit}) to indicate this. If there is another buffer requested by
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1645 @code{emacsclient}, Emacs will switch to it; otherwise
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1646 @code{emacsclient} will exit, signaling the calling program to continue.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1647
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1648 @samp{emacsclient} and @samp{server} must be running on machines which
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1649 share the same filesystem for this to work. The pathnames that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1650 @samp{emacsclient} specifies should be correct for the filesystem that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1651 the Emacs process sees. The Emacs process should not be suspended at
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1652 the time @samp{emacsclient} is invoked. On Unix and GNU/Linux systems,
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1653 @samp{emacsclient} should either be invoked from another X window, or
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1654 from a shell window inside Emacs itself, or from another interactive
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1655 session, e.g., by means of a @code{screen} program.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1656
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1657 @cindex @code{gnuserv}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1658 There is an enhanced version of @samp{emacsclient}/server called
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1659 @samp{gnuserv}, written by @email{ange@@hplb.hpl.hp.com, Andy Norman}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1660 which is available in the Emacs Lisp Archive (@pxref{Packages that do
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1661 not come with Emacs}). @samp{gnuserv} uses Internet domain sockets, so
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1662 it can work across most network connections. It also supports the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1663 execution of arbitrary Emacs Lisp forms and does not require the client
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1664 program to wait for completion.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1665
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1666 The alpha version of an enhanced @samp{gnuserv} is available at
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1667
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1668 @uref{ftp://ftp.wellfleet.com/netman/psmith/emacs/gnuserv-2.1alpha.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1669
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1670 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1671
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1672 @node Compiler error messages, Indenting switch statements, Using an already running Emacs process, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1673 @section How do I make Emacs recognize my compiler's funny error messages?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1674 @cindex Compiler error messages, recognizing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1675 @cindex Recognizing non-standard compiler errors
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1676 @cindex Regexps for recognizing compiler errors
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1677 @cindex Errors, recognizing compiler
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1678
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1679 The variable @code{compilation-error-regexp-alist} helps control how
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1680 Emacs parses your compiler output. It is a list of triplets of the form:
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1681 @code{(@var{regexp} @var{file-idx} @var{line-idx})}, where @var{regexp},
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1682 @var{file-idx} and @var{line-idx} are strings. To help determine what
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1683 the constituent elements should be, load @file{compile.el} and then type
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1684 @kbd{C-h v compilation-error-regexp-alist @key{RET}} to see the current
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1685 value. A good idea is to look at @file{compile.el} itself as the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1686 comments included for this variable are quite useful---the regular
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1687 expressions required for your compiler's output may be very close to one
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1688 already provided. Once you have determined the proper regexps, use the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1689 following to inform Emacs of your changes:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1690
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1691 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1692 (setq compilation-error-regexp-alist
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1693 (cons '(@var{regexp} @var{file-idx} @var{line-idx})
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1694 compilation-error-regexp-alist))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1695 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1696
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1697 @node Indenting switch statements, Customizing C and C++ indentation, Compiler error messages, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1698 @section How do I change the indentation for @code{switch}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1699 @cindex @code{switch}, indenting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1700 @cindex Indenting of @code{switch}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1701
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1702 Many people want to indent their @code{switch} statements like this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1703
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1704 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1705 f()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1706 @{
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1707 switch(x) @{
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1708 case A:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1709 x1;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1710 break;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1711 case B:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1712 x2;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1713 break;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1714 default:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1715 x3;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1716 @}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1717 @}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1718 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1719
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1720 The solution at first appears to be: set @code{c-indent-level} to 4 and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1721 @code{c-label-offset} to -2. However, this will give you an indentation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1722 spacing of four instead of two.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1723
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1724 The @emph{real} solution is to use @code{cc-mode} (the default mode for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1725 C programming in Emacs 20 and later) and add the following line to yoyr
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1726 @file{.emacs}:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1727
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1728 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1729 (c-set-offset 'case-label '+)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1730 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1731
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1732 There appears to be no way to do this with the old @code{c-mode}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1733
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1734 @node Customizing C and C++ indentation, Horizontal scrolling, Indenting switch statements, Common requests
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1735 @section How to customize indentation in C, C@t{++}, and Java buffers?
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1736 @cindex Indentation, how to customize
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1737 @cindex Customize indentation
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1738
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1739 The Emacs @code{cc-mode} features an interactive procedure for
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1740 customizing the indentation style, which is fully explained in the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1741 @cite{CC Mode} manual that is part of the Emacs distribution, see
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1742 @ref{Customizing Indentation, , Customization Indentation, ccmode,
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1743 The CC Mode Manual}. Here's a short summary of the procedure:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1744
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1745 @enumerate
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1746 @item
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1747 Go to the beginning of the first line where you don't like the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1748 indentation and type @kbd{C-c C-o}. Emacs will prompt you for the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1749 syntactic symbol; type @key{RET} to accept the default it suggests.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1750
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1751 @item
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1752 Emacs now prompts for the offset of this syntactic symbol, showing the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1753 default (the current definition) inside parentheses. You can choose
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1754 one of these:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1755
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1756 @table @code
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1757 @item 0
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1758 No extra indentation.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1759 @item +
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1760 Indent one basic offset.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1761 @item -
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1762 Outdent one basic offset.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1763 @item ++
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1764 Indent two basic offsets
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1765 @item --
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1766 Outdent two basic offsets.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1767 @item *
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1768 Indent half basic offset.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1769 @item /
37079
dc7cb733ffc7 Fix a typo in the last change.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36977
diff changeset
1770 Outdent half basic offset.
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1771 @end table
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1772
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1773 @item
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1774 After choosing one of these symbols, type @kbd{C-c C-q} to reindent
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1775 the line or the block according to what you just specified.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1776
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1777 @item
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1778 If you don't like the result, go back to step 1. Otherwise, add the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1779 following line to your @file{.emacs}:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1780
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1781 @lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1782 (c-set-offset '@var{syntactic-symbol} @var{offset})
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1783 @end lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1784
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1785 @noindent
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1786 where @var{syntactic-symbol} is the name Emacs shows in the minibuffer
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1787 when you type @kbd{C-c C-o} at the beginning of the line, and
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1788 @var{offset} is one of the indentation symbols listed above (@code{+},
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1789 @code{/}, @code{0}, etc.) that you've chosen during the interactive
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1790 procedure.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1791
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1792 @item
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1793 Go to the next line whose indentation is not to your liking and repeat
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1794 the process there.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1795 @end enumerate
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1796
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1797 It is recommended to put all the resulting @code{(c-set-offset ...)}
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1798 customizations inside a C mode hook, like this:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1799
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1800 @lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1801 (defun my-c-mode-hook ()
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1802 (c-set-offset ...)
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1803 (c-set-offset ...))
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1804 (add-hook 'c-mode-hook 'my-c-mode-hook)
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1805 @end lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1806
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1807 @noindent
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1808 Using @code{c-mode-hook} avoids the need to put a @w{@code{(require
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1809 'cc-mode)}} into your @file{.emacs} file, because @code{c-set-offset}
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1810 might be unavailable when @code{cc-mode} is not loaded.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1811
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1812 Note that @code{c-mode-hook} runs for C source files only; use
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1813 @code{c++-mode-hook} for C@t{++} sources, @code{java-mode-hook} for
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1814 Java sources, etc. If you want the same customizations to be in
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1815 effect in @emph{all} languages supported by @code{cc-mode}, use
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1816 @code{c-mode-common-hook}.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1817
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1818 @node Horizontal scrolling, Overwrite mode, Customizing C and C++ indentation, Common requests
25474
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parents:
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1819 @section How can I make Emacs automatically scroll horizontally?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1820 @cindex @code{hscroll-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1821 @cindex Horizontal scrolling
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1822 @cindex Scrolling horizontally
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1823
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1824 In Emacs 21 and later, this is on by default: if the variable
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1825 @code{truncate-lines} is non-@code{nil} in the current buffer, Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1826 automatically scrolls the display horizontally when point moves off the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1827 left or right edge of the window.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1828
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1829 In Emacs 20, use the @code{hscroll-mode}. Here is some information from
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1830 the documentation, available by typing @kbd{C-h f hscroll-mode @key{RET}}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1831
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1832 Automatically scroll horizontally when the point moves off the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1833 left or right edge of the window.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1834
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1835 @itemize @minus
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1836 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1837 Type @kbd{M-x hscroll-mode} to enable it in the current buffer.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1838
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1839 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1840 Type @kbd{M-x hscroll-global-mode} to enable it in every buffer.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1841
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1842 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1843 @code{turn-on-hscroll} is useful in mode hooks as in:
25474
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parents:
diff changeset
1844
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1845 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1846 (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-hscroll)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1847 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1848
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1849 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1850 @code{hscroll-margin} controls how close the cursor can get to the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1851 edge of the window.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1852
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1853 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1854 @code{hscroll-step-percent} controls how far to jump once we decide to do so.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1855 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1856
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1857 @node Overwrite mode, Turning off beeping, Horizontal scrolling, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1858 @section How do I make Emacs "typeover" or "overwrite" instead of inserting?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1859 @cindex @key{Insert}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1860 @cindex @code{overwrite-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1861 @cindex Overwriting existing text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1862 @cindex Toggling @code{overwrite-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1863
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1864 @kbd{M-x overwrite-mode} (a minor mode). This toggles
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1865 @code{overwrite-mode} on and off, so exiting from @code{overwrite-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1866 is as easy as another @kbd{M-x overwrite-mode}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1867
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1868 On some systems, @key{Insert} toggles @code{overwrite-mode} on and off.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1869
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1870 @node Turning off beeping, Turning the volume down, Overwrite mode, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1871 @section How do I stop Emacs from beeping on a terminal?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1872 @cindex Beeping, turning off
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1873 @cindex Visible bell
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1874 @cindex Bell, visible
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1875
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1876 @email{martin@@cc.gatech.edu, Martin R. Frank} writes:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1877
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1878 Tell Emacs to use the @dfn{visible bell} instead of the audible bell,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1879 and set the visible bell to nothing.
25474
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1880
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1881 That is, put the following in your @code{TERMCAP} environment variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1882 (assuming you have one):
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1883
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1884 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1885 ... :vb=: ...
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1886 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1887
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1888 And evaluate the following Lisp form:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1889
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1890 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1891 (setq visible-bell t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1892 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1893
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1894 @node Turning the volume down, Automatic indentation, Turning off beeping, Common requests
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
1895 @section How do I turn down the bell volume in Emacs running under X?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1896 @cindex Bell, volume of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1897 @cindex Volume of bell
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1898
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1899 On X Window system, you can adjust the bell volume and duration for all
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1900 programs with the shell command @code{xset}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1901
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1902 Invoking @code{xset} without any arguments produces some basic
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1903 information, including the following:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1904
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1905 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1906 usage: xset [-display host:dpy] option ...
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1907 To turn bell off:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1908 -b b off b 0
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1909 To set bell volume, pitch and duration:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1910 b [vol [pitch [dur]]] b on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1911 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1912
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1913 @node Automatic indentation, Matching parentheses, Turning the volume down, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1914 @section How do I tell Emacs to automatically indent a new line to the indentation of the previous line?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1915 @cindex Indenting new lines
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1916 @cindex New lines, indenting of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1917 @cindex Previous line, indenting according to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1918 @cindex Text indentation
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1919
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1920 Such behavior is automatic in Emacs 20 and later. From the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1921 @file{etc/NEWS} file for Emacs 20.2:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1922
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1923 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1924 ** In Text mode, now only blank lines separate paragraphs. This makes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1925 it possible to get the full benefit of Adaptive Fill mode in Text mode,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1926 and other modes derived from it (such as Mail mode). @key{TAB} in Text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1927 mode now runs the command @code{indent-relative}; this makes a practical
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1928 difference only when you use indented paragraphs.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1929
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1930 As a result, the old Indented Text mode is now identical to Text mode,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1931 and is an alias for it.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1932
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1933 If you want spaces at the beginning of a line to start a paragraph, use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1934 the new mode, Paragraph Indent Text mode.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1935 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1936
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1937 @cindex Prefixing lines
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1938 @cindex Fill prefix
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1939 If you have @code{auto-fill-mode} turned on (@pxref{Turning on auto-fill
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1940 by default}), you can tell Emacs to prefix every line with a certain
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1941 character sequence, the @dfn{fill prefix}. Type the prefix at the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1942 beginning of a line, position point after it, and then type @kbd{C-x .}
25474
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parents:
diff changeset
1943 (@code{set-fill-prefix}) to set the fill prefix. Thereafter,
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1944 auto-filling will automatically put the fill prefix at the beginning of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1945 new lines, and @kbd{M-q} (@code{fill-paragraph}) will maintain any fill
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1946 prefix when refilling the paragraph.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1947
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1948 If you have paragraphs with different levels of indentation, you will
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1949 have to set the fill prefix to the correct value each time you move to a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1950 new paragraph. To avoid this hassle, try one of the many packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1951 available from the Emacs Lisp Archive (@pxref{Packages that do not come
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1952 with Emacs}.) Look up ``fill'' and ``indent'' in the Lisp Code
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1953 Directory for guidance.
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1954
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1955 @node Matching parentheses, Hiding #ifdef lines, Automatic indentation, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1956 @section How do I show which parenthesis matches the one I'm looking at?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1957 @cindex Parentheses, matching
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1958 @cindex @file{paren.el}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1959 @cindex Highlighting matching parentheses
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1960 @cindex Pairs of parentheses, highlighting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1961 @cindex Matching parentheses
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1962
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1963 As of version 19, Emacs comes with @file{paren.el}, which (when loaded)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1964 will automatically highlight matching parentheses whenever point (i.e.,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1965 the cursor) is located over one. To load @file{paren.el} automatically,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1966 include the line
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1967
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1968 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1969 (require 'paren)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1970 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1971
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1972 in your @file{.emacs} file. @email{shutkoa@@ugsolutions.com, Alan Shutko}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1973 reports that as of version 20.1, you must also call @code{show-paren-mode} in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1974 your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1975
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1976 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1977 (show-paren-mode 1)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1978 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1979
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1980 Customize will let you turn on @code{show-paren-mode}. Use @kbd{M-x
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1981 customize-group @key{RET} paren-showing @key{RET}}. From within
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1982 Customize, you can also go directly to the ``paren-showing'' group.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1983
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1984 Alternatives to paren include:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1985
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1986 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1987
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1988 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1989 If you're looking at a right parenthesis (or brace or bracket) you can
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1990 delete it and reinsert it. Emacs will momentarily move the cursor to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1991 the matching parenthesis.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1992
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1993 @item
40705
421e0a91a1d1 Replace M-C- with C-M-
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40014
diff changeset
1994 @kbd{C-M-f} (@code{forward-sexp}) and @kbd{C-M-b} (@code{backward-sexp})
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1995 will skip over one set of balanced parentheses, so you can see which
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1996 parentheses match. (You can train it to skip over balanced brackets
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1997 and braces at the same time by modifying the syntax table.)
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1998
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1999 @cindex Show matching paren as in @code{vi}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2000 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2001 Here is some Emacs Lisp that will make the @key{%} key show the matching
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2002 parenthesis, like in @code{vi}. In addition, if the cursor isn't over a
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2003 parenthesis, it simply inserts a % like normal.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2004
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2005 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2006 ;; By an unknown contributor
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2007
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2008 (global-set-key "%" 'match-paren)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2009
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2010 (defun match-paren (arg)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2011 "Go to the matching paren if on a paren; otherwise insert %."
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2012 (interactive "p")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2013 (cond ((looking-at "\\s\(") (forward-list 1) (backward-char 1))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2014 ((looking-at "\\s\)") (forward-char 1) (backward-list 1))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2015 (t (self-insert-command (or arg 1)))))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2016 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2017
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2018 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2019
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2020 @node Hiding #ifdef lines, Repeating commands, Matching parentheses, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2021 @section In C mode, can I show just the lines that will be left after @code{#ifdef} commands are handled by the compiler?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2022 @cindex @code{#ifdef}, selective display of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2023 @cindex @code{hide-ifdef-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2024 @cindex Hiding @code{#ifdef} text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2025 @cindex Selectively displaying @code{#ifdef} code
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2026
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2027 @kbd{M-x hide-ifdef-mode}. (This is a minor mode.) You might also want
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2028 to try @file{cpp.el}, available at the Emacs Lisp Archive
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2029 (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2030
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2031 @node Repeating commands, Valid X resources, Hiding #ifdef lines, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2032 @section Is there an equivalent to the @code{.} (dot) command of vi?
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2033 @cindex Repeating commands as with @code{vi}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2034 @cindex Command, repeat last
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2035 @cindex @code{.}, equivalent to @code{vi} command
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2036
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2037 (@code{.} is the redo command in @code{vi}. It redoes the last
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2038 insertion/deletion.)
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2039
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2040 As of Emacs 20.3, there is indeed a @code{repeat} command (@kbd{C-x z})
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2041 that repeats the last command. If you preface it with a prefix
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2042 argument, the prefix arg is applied to the command.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2043
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2044 You can also type @kbd{C-x @key{ESC} @key{ESC}}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2045 (@code{repeat-complex-command}) to reinvoke commands that used the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2046 minibuffer to get arguments. In @code{repeat-complex-command} you can
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2047 type @kbd{M-p} and @kbd{M-n} (and also up-arrow and down-arrow, if your
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2048 keyboard has these keys) to scan through all the different complex
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2049 commands you've typed.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2050
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2051 To repeat a set of commands, use keyboard macros. (@inforef{Keyboard
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2052 Macros, Keyboard Macros, emacs}.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2053
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2054 If you're really desperate for the @code{.} command, use VIPER, a
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2055 @code{vi} emulation mode which comes with Emacs, and which appears to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2056 support it. (@xref{VIPER}.)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2057
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2058 @node Valid X resources, Evaluating Emacs Lisp code, Repeating commands, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2059 @section What are the valid X resource settings (i.e., stuff in .Xdefaults)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2060 @cindex Resources, X
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2061 @cindex X resources
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2062 @cindex Setting X resources
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2063
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2064 @inforef{Resources X, Resources X, emacs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2065
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2066 You can also use a resource editor, such as editres (for X11R5 and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2067 onwards), to look at the resource names for the menu bar, assuming Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2068 was compiled with the X toolkit.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2069
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2070 @node Evaluating Emacs Lisp code, Changing the length of a Tab, Valid X resources, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2071 @section How do I execute ("evaluate") a piece of Emacs Lisp code?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2072 @cindex Evaluating Lisp code
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2073 @cindex Lisp forms, evaluating
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2074
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2075 There are a number of ways to execute (@dfn{evaluate}, in Lisp lingo) an
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2076 Emacs Lisp @dfn{form}:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2077
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2078 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2079
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2080 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2081 If you want it evaluated every time you run Emacs, put it in a file
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2082 named @file{.emacs} in your home directory. This is known as ``your
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2083 @file{.emacs} file,'' and contains all of your personal customizations.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2084
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2085 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2086 You can type the form in the @file{*scratch*} buffer, and then type
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2087 @key{LFD} (or @kbd{C-j}) after it. The result of evaluating the form
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2088 will be inserted in the buffer.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2089
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2090 @item
40705
421e0a91a1d1 Replace M-C- with C-M-
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40014
diff changeset
2091 In @code{emacs-lisp-mode}, typing @kbd{C-M-x} evaluates a top-level form
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2092 before or around point.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2093
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2094 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2095 Typing @kbd{C-x C-e} in any buffer evaluates the Lisp form immediately
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2096 before point and prints its value in the echo area.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2097
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2098 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2099 Typing @kbd{M-:} or @kbd{M-x eval-expression} allows you to type a Lisp
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2100 form in the minibuffer which will be evaluated once you press @key{RET}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2101
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2102 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2103 You can use @kbd{M-x load-file} to have Emacs evaluate all the Lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2104 forms in a file. (To do this from Lisp use the function @code{load}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2105 instead.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2106
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2107 The functions @code{load-library}, @code{eval-region},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2108 @code{eval-current-buffer}, @code{require}, and @code{autoload} are also
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2109 useful; see @ref{Emacs Lisp documentation}, if you want to learn more
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2110 about them.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2111
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2112 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2113
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2114 @node Changing the length of a Tab, Inserting > at the beginning of each line, Evaluating Emacs Lisp code, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2115 @section How do I change Emacs's idea of the @key{TAB} character's length?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2116 @cindex Tab length
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2117 @cindex Length of tab character
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2118 @cindex @code{default-tab-width}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2119
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2120 Set the variable @code{default-tab-width}. For example, to set
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2121 @key{TAB} stops every 10 characters, insert the following in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2122 @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2123
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2124 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2125 (setq default-tab-width 10)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2126 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2127
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2128 Do not confuse variable @code{tab-width} with variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2129 @code{tab-stop-list}. The former is used for the display of literal
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2130 @key{TAB} characters. The latter controls what characters are inserted
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2131 when you press the @key{TAB} character in certain modes.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2132
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2133 @node Inserting > at the beginning of each line, Underlining paragraphs, Changing the length of a Tab, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2134 @section How do I insert @samp{>} at the beginning of every line?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2135 @cindex Prefix character, inserting in mail/news replies
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2136 @cindex Replies to mail/news, inserting a prefix character
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2137 @cindex @code{mail-yank-prefix}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2138 @cindex Mail replies, inserting a prefix character
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2139 @cindex News replies, inserting a prefix character
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2140
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2141 To do this to an entire buffer, type @kbd{M-< M-x replace-regexp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2142 @key{RET} ^ @key{RET} > @key{RET}}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2143
37447
0bc52782144f Adapt to the change of string-rectangle back to 20.x behaviour.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37079
diff changeset
2144 To do this to a region, use @code{string-insert-rectangle}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2145 Set the mark (@kbd{C-@key{SPC}}) at the beginning of the first line you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2146 want to prefix, move the cursor to last line to be prefixed, and type
37447
0bc52782144f Adapt to the change of string-rectangle back to 20.x behaviour.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37079
diff changeset
2147 @kbd{M-x string-insert-rectangle @key{RET}}. To do this for the whole
0bc52782144f Adapt to the change of string-rectangle back to 20.x behaviour.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37079
diff changeset
2148 buffer, type @kbd{C-x h M-x string-insert-rectangle @key{RET}}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2149
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2150 If you are trying to prefix a yanked mail message with @samp{>}, you
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2151 might want to set the variable @code{mail-yank-prefix}. Better yet, use
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2152 the Supercite package (@pxref{Supercite}), which provides flexible
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2153 citation for yanked mail and news messages; it is included in Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2154 since version 19.20. @xref{Changing the included text prefix}, for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2155 additional information.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2156
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2157 @node Underlining paragraphs, Repeating a command as many times as possible, Inserting > at the beginning of each line, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2158 @section How do I insert "_^H" before each character in a region to get an underlined paragraph?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2159 @cindex Underlining a region of text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2160 @cindex @code{underline-region}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2161
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2162 Mark the region and then type @kbd{M-x underline-region @key{RET}}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2163
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2164 @node Repeating a command as many times as possible, Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column, Underlining paragraphs, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2165 @section How do I repeat a command as many times as possible?
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2166 @cindex Repeating commands many times
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2167 @cindex Commands, repeating many times
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2168
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2169 Use @kbd{C-x (} and @kbd{C-x )} to make a keyboard macro that invokes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2170 the command and then type @kbd{M-0 C-x e}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2171
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2172 Any messages your command prints in the echo area will be suppressed.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2173
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2174 If you need to repeat a command a small number of times, you can use
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2175 @kbd{C-x z}, see @ref{Repeating commands}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2176
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2177 @node Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column, Forcing Emacs to iconify itself, Repeating a command as many times as possible, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2178 @section How do I make Emacs behave like this: when I go up or down, the cursor should stay in the same column even if the line is too short?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2179 @cindex @code{picture-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2180 @cindex Remaining in the same column, regardless of contents
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2181 @cindex Vertical movement in empty documents
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2182
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2183 @kbd{M-x picture-mode}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2184
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2185 @node Forcing Emacs to iconify itself, Using regular expressions, Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2186 @section How do I tell Emacs to iconify itself?
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
2187 @cindex Iconification under the X Window System
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
2188 @cindex X Window System and iconification
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2189 @cindex Suspending Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2190
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
2191 @kbd{C-z} iconifies Emacs when running under X and suspends Emacs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2192 otherwise. @inforef{Misc X, Misc X, emacs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2193
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2194 @node Using regular expressions, Replacing text across multiple files, Forcing Emacs to iconify itself, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2195 @section How do I use regexps (regular expressions) in Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2196 @cindex Regexps
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2197 @cindex Regular expressions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2198 @cindex Differences between Unix and Emacs regexps
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2199 @cindex Unix regeps, differences from Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2200 @cindex Text strings, putting regexps in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2201
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2202 @inforef{Regexps, Regexps, emacs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2203
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2204 The @code{or} operator is @samp{\|}, not @samp{|}, and the grouping operators
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2205 are @samp{\(} and @samp{\)}. Also, the string syntax for a backslash is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2206 @samp{\\}. To specify a regular expression like @samp{xxx\(foo\|bar\)}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2207 in a Lisp string, use @samp{xxx\\(foo\\|bar\\)}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2208
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2209 Note the doubled backslashes!
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2210
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2211 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2212
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2213 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2214 Unlike in Unix @file{grep}, @file{sed}, etc., a complement character set
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2215 (@samp{[^...]}) can match a newline character (@key{LFD} a.k.a.@:
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2216 @kbd{C-j} a.k.a.@: @samp{\n}), unless newline is mentioned as one of the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2217 characters not to match.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2218
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2219 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2220 The character syntax regexps (e.g., @samp{\sw}) are not
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2221 meaningful inside character set regexps (e.g., @samp{[aeiou]}). (This
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2222 is actually typical for regexp syntax.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2223
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2224 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2225
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2226 @node Replacing text across multiple files, Documentation for etags, Using regular expressions, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2227 @section How do I perform a replace operation across more than one file?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2228 @cindex Replacing strings across files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2229 @cindex Multiple files, replacing across
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2230 @cindex Files, replacing strings across multiple
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2231
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2232 The ``tags'' feature of Emacs includes the command
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2233 @code{tags-query-replace} which performs a query-replace across all the
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2234 files mentioned in the @file{TAGS} file. @inforef{Tags Search, Tags Search,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2235 emacs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2236
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2237 As of Emacs 19.29, Dired mode (@kbd{M-x dired @key{RET}}, or @kbd{C-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2238 d}) supports the command @code{dired-do-query-replace}, which allows
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2239 users to replace regular expressions in multiple files.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2240
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2241 @node Documentation for etags, Disabling backups, Replacing text across multiple files, Common requests
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2242 @section Where is the documentation for @code{etags}?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2243 @cindex Documentation for @code{etags}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2244 @cindex @code{etags}, documentation for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2245
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2246 The @code{etags} man page should be in the same place as the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2247 @code{emacs} man page.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2248
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2249 Quick command-line switch descriptions are also available. For example,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2250 @samp{etags -H}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2251
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2252 @node Disabling backups, Disabling auto-save-mode, Documentation for etags, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2253 @section How do I disable backup files?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2254 @cindex Backups, disabling
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2255 @cindex Disabling backups
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2256
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2257 You probably don't want to do this, since backups are useful, especially
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2258 when something goes wrong.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2259
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2260 To avoid seeing backup files (and other "uninteresting" files) in Dired,
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2261 load @code{dired-x} by adding the following to your @file{.emacs} file:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2262
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2263 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2264 (add-hook 'dired-load-hook
28344
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
2265 (lambda ()
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
2266 (load "dired-x")))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2267 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2268
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2269 With @code{dired-x} loaded, @kbd{M-o} toggles omitting in each dired buffer.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2270 You can make omitting the default for new dired buffers by putting the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2271 following in your @file{.emacs}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2272
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2273 @lisp
30692
b2cc8b3e837e (Disabling backups): Replace reference to
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 30009
diff changeset
2274 (add-hook 'dired-mode-hook 'dired-omit-toggle)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2275 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2276
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2277 If you're tired of seeing backup files whenever you do an @samp{ls} at
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2278 the Unix shell, try GNU @code{ls} with the @samp{-B} option. GNU
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2279 @code{ls} is part of the GNU Fileutils package, available from
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2280 @samp{ftp.gnu.org} and its mirrors (@pxref{Current GNU distributions}).
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2281
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2282 To disable or change the way backups are made, @inforef{Backup Names, ,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2283 emacs}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2284
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2285 @cindex Backup files in a single directory
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2286 Beginning with Emacs 21.1, you can control where Emacs puts backup files
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2287 by customizing the variable @code{backup-directory-alist}. This
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2288 variable's value specifies that files whose names match specific patters
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2289 should have their backups put in certain directories. A typical use is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2290 to add the element @code{("." . @var{dir})} to force Emacs to put
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2291 @strong{all} backup files in the directory @file{dir}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2292
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2293 @node Disabling auto-save-mode, Going to a line by number, Disabling backups, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2294 @section How do I disable @code{auto-save-mode}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2295 @cindex Disabling @code{auto-save-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2296 @cindex Auto-saving
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2297 @cindex Saving at frequent intervals
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2298
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2299 You probably don't want to do this, since auto-saving is useful,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2300 especially when Emacs or your computer crashes while you are editing a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2301 document.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2302
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2303 Instead, you might want to change the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2304 @code{auto-save-interval}, which specifies how many keystrokes Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2305 waits before auto-saving. Increasing this value forces Emacs to wait
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2306 longer between auto-saves, which might annoy you less.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2307
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2308 You might also want to look into Sebastian Kremer's @code{auto-save}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2309 package, available from the Lisp Code Archive (@pxref{Packages that do not come
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2310 with Emacs}). This
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2311 package also allows you to place all auto-save files in one directory,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2312 such as @file{/tmp}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2313
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2314 To disable or change how @code{auto-save-mode} works, @inforef{Auto
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2315 Save, , emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2316
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2317 @node Going to a line by number, Modifying pull-down menus, Disabling auto-save-mode, Common requests
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2318 @section How can I go to a certain line given its number?
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2319 @cindex Going to a line by number
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2320 @cindex Compilation error messages
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2321 @cindex Recompilation
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2322
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2323 Are you sure you indeed need to go to a line by its number? Perhaps all
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2324 you want is to display a line in your source file for which a compiler
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2325 printed an error message? If so, compiling from within Emacs using the
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2326 @kbd{M-x compile} and @kbd{M-x recompile} commands is a much more
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2327 effective way of doing that. Emacs automatically intercepts the compile
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2328 error messages, inserts them into a special buffer called
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2329 @code{*compilation*}, and lets you visit the locus of each message in
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2330 the source. Type @kbd{C-x `} to step through the offending lines one by
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2331 one. Click @kbd{Mouse-2} or press @key{RET} on a message text in the
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2332 @code{*compilation*} buffer to go to the line whose number is mentioned
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2333 in that message.
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2334
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2335 But if you indeed need to go to a certain text line, type @kbd{M-x
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2336 goto-line @key{RET}}. Emacs will prompt you for the number of the line
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2337 and go to that line.
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2338
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2339 You can do this faster by invoking @code{goto-line} with a numeric
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2340 argument that is the line's number. For example, @kbd{C-u 286 M-x
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2341 goto-line @key{RET}} will jump to line number 286 in the current
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2342 buffer.
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2343
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2344 If you need to use this command frequently, you might consider binding
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2345 it to a key. The following snippet, if added to your @file{~/.emacs}
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2346 file, will bind the sequence @kbd{C-x g} to @code{goto-line}:
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2347
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2348 @lisp
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2349 (global-set-key "\C-xg" 'goto-line)
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2350 @end lisp
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2351
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2352
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2353 @node Modifying pull-down menus, Deleting menus and menu options, Going to a line by number, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2354 @section How can I create or modify new pull-down menu options?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2355 @cindex Pull-down menus, creating or modifying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2356 @cindex Menus, creating or modifying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2357 @cindex Creating new menu options
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2358 @cindex Modifying pull-down menus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2359 @cindex Menus and keymaps
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2360 @cindex Keymaps and menus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2361
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2362 Each menu title (e.g., @samp{File}, @samp{Edit}, @samp{Buffers})
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2363 represents a local or global keymap. Selecting a menu title with the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2364 mouse displays that keymap's non-nil contents in the form of a menu.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2365
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2366 So to add a menu option to an existing menu, all you have to do is add a
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2367 new definition to the appropriate keymap. Adding a @samp{Forward Word}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2368 item to the @samp{Edit} menu thus requires the following Lisp code:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2369
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2370 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2371 (define-key global-map
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2372 [menu-bar edit forward]
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2373 '("Forward word" . forward-word))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2374 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2375
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2376 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2377 The first line adds the entry to the global keymap, which includes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2378 global menu bar entries. Replacing the reference to @code{global-map}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2379 with a local keymap would add this menu option only within a particular
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2380 mode.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2381
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2382 The second line describes the path from the menu-bar to the new entry.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2383 Placing this menu entry underneath the @samp{File} menu would mean
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2384 changing the word @code{edit} in the second line to @code{file}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2385
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2386 The third line is a cons cell whose first element is the title that will
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2387 be displayed, and whose second element is the function that will be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2388 called when that menu option is invoked.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2389
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2390 To add a new menu, rather than a new option to an existing menu, we must
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2391 define an entirely new keymap:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2392
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2393 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2394 (define-key global-map [menu-bar words]
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2395 (cons "Words" (make-sparse-keymap "Words")))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2396 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2397
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2398 The above code creates a new sparse keymap, gives it the name
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2399 @samp{Words}, and attaches it to the global menu bar. Adding the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2400 @samp{Forward Word} item to this new menu would thus require the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2401 following code:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2402
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2403 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2404 (define-key global-map
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2405 [menu-bar words forward]
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2406 '("Forward word" . forward-word))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2407 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2408
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2409 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2410 Note that because of the way keymaps work, menu options are displayed
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2411 with the more recently defined items at the top. Thus if you were to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2412 define menu options @samp{foo}, @samp{bar}, and @samp{baz} (in that
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2413 order), the menu option @samp{baz} would appear at the top, and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2414 @samp{foo} would be at the bottom.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2415
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2416 One way to avoid this problem is to use the function @code{define-key-after},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2417 which works the same as @code{define-key}, but lets you modify where items
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2418 appear. The following Lisp code would insert the @samp{Forward Word}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2419 item in the @samp{Edit} menu immediately following the @samp{Undo} item:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2420
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2421 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2422 (define-key-after
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2423 (lookup-key global-map [menu-bar edit])
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2424 [forward]
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2425 '("Forward word" . forward-word)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2426 'undo)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2427 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2428
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2429 Note how the second and third arguments to @code{define-key-after} are
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2430 different from those of @code{define-key}, and that we have added a new
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2431 (final) argument, the function after which our new key should be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2432 defined.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2433
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2434 To move a menu option from one position to another, simply evaluate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2435 @code{define-key-after} with the appropriate final argument.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2436
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2437 More detailed information---and more examples of how to create and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2438 modify menu options---are in the @cite{Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}, under
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
2439 ``Menu Keymaps''. (@xref{Emacs Lisp documentation}, for information on
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
2440 this manual.)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2441
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2442 @node Deleting menus and menu options, Turning on syntax highlighting, Modifying pull-down menus, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2443 @section How do I delete menus and menu options?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2444 @cindex Deleting menus and menu options
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2445 @cindex Menus, deleting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2446
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2447 The simplest way to remove a menu is to set its keymap to @samp{nil}.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2448 For example, to delete the @samp{Words} menu (@pxref{Modifying pull-down
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2449 menus}), use:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2450
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2451 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2452 (define-key global-map [menu-bar words] nil)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2453 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2454
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2455 Similarly, removing a menu option requires redefining a keymap entry to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2456 @code{nil}. For example, to delete the @samp{Forward word} menu option
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2457 from the @samp{Edit} menu (we added it in @ref{Modifying pull-down
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2458 menus}), use:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2459
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2460 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2461 (define-key global-map [menu-bar edit forward] nil)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2462 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2463
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2464 @node Turning on syntax highlighting, Scrolling only one line, Deleting menus and menu options, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2465 @section How do I turn on syntax highlighting?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2466 @cindex Syntax highlighting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2467 @cindex @code{font-lock-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2468 @cindex Highlighting based on syntax
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2469 @cindex Colorizing text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2470 @cindex FAQ, @code{font-lock-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2471
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2472 @code{font-lock-mode} is the standard way to have Emacs perform syntax
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2473 highlighting in the current buffer. With @code{font-lock-mode} turned
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2474 on, different types of text will appear in different colors. For
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2475 instance, if you turn on @code{font-lock-mode} in a programming mode,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2476 variables will appear in one face, keywords in a second, and comments in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2477 a third.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2478
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2479 @cindex hilit19 is deprecated
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2480 Earlier versions of Emacs supported hilit19, a similar package. Use of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2481 hilit19 is now considered non-standard, although @file{hilit19.el} comes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2482 with the stock Emacs distribution. It is no longer maintained.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2483
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2484 To turn @code{font-lock-mode} on within an existing buffer, use @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2485 font-lock-mode @key{RET}}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2486
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2487 To automatically invoke @code{font-lock-mode} when a particular major
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2488 mode is invoked, set the major mode's hook. For example, to fontify all
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2489 @code{c-mode} buffers, add the following to your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2490
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2491 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2492 (add-hook 'c-mode-hook 'turn-on-font-lock)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2493 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2494
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2495 To automatically invoke @code{font-lock-mode} for all major modes, you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2496 can turn on @code{global-font-lock-mode} by including the following line
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2497 in your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2498
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2499 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2500 (global-font-lock-mode 1)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2501 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2502
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2503 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2504 This instructs Emacs to turn on font-lock mode in those buffers for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2505 which a font-lock mode definition has been provided (in the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2506 @code{font-lock-global-modes}). If you edit a file in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2507 @code{pie-ala-mode}, and no font-lock definitions have been provided for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2508 @code{pie-ala} files, then the above setting will have no effect on that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2509 particular buffer.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2510
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2511 Highlighting a buffer with @code{font-lock-mode} can take quite a while,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2512 and cause an annoying delay in display, so several features exist to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2513 work around this.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2514
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2515 @cindex Just-In-Time syntax highlighting
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2516 In Emacs 21 and later, turning on @code{font-lock-mode} automatically
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2517 activates the new @dfn{Just-In-Time fontification} provided by
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2518 @code{jit-lock-mode}. @code{jit-lock-mode} defers the fontification of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2519 portions of buffer until you actually need to see them, and can also
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2520 fontify while Emacs is idle. This makes display of the visible portion
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2521 of a buffer almost instantaneous. For details about customizing
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2522 @code{jit-lock-mode}, type @kbd{C-h f jit-lock-mode @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2523
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2524 @cindex Levels of syntax highlighting
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2525 @cindex Decoration level, in @code{font-lock-mode}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2526 In versions of Emacs before 21, different levels of decoration are
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2527 available, from slight to gaudy. More decoration means you need to wait
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2528 more time for a buffer to be fontified (or a faster machine). To
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2529 control how decorated your buffers should become, set the value of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2530 @code{font-lock-maximum-decoration} in your @file{.emacs} file, with a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2531 @code{nil} value indicating default (usually minimum) decoration, and a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2532 @code{t} value indicating the maximum decoration. For the gaudiest
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2533 possible look, then, include the line
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2534
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2535 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2536 (setq font-lock-maximum-decoration t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2537 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2538
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2539 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2540 in your @file{.emacs} file. You can also set this variable such that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2541 different modes are highlighted in a different ways; for more
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2542 information, see the documentation for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2543 @code{font-lock-maximum-decoration} with @kbd{C-h v} (or @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2544 describe-variable @key{RET}}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2545
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2546 @cindex Lazy font-lock
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2547 You might also want to investigate @code{fast-lock-mode} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2548 @code{lazy-lock-mode}, versions of @code{font-lock-mode} that speed up
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2549 highlighting. These are the alternatives for @code{jit-lock-mode} in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2550 versions of Emacs before 21.1. The advantage of @code{lazy-lock-mode}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2551 is that it only fontifies buffers when certain conditions are met, such
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2552 as after a certain amount of idle time, or after you have finished
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2553 scrolling through text. See the documentation for @code{lazy-lock-mode}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2554 by typing @kbd{C-h f @code{lazy-lock-mode}} (@kbd{M-x describe-function
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2555 @key{RET} lazy-lock-mode @key{RET}}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2556
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2557 Also see the documentation for the function @code{font-lock-mode},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2558 available by typing @kbd{C-h f font-lock-mode} (@kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2559 describe-function @key{RET} font-lock-mode @key{RET}}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2560
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2561 For more information on font-lock mode, take a look at the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2562 @code{font-lock-mode} FAQ, maintained by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2563 @email{jari.aalto@@ntc.nokia.com, Jari Aalto} at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2564
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2565 @uref{ftp://cs.uta.fi/pub/ssjaaa/ema-font.gui}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2566
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2567 To print buffers with the faces (i.e., colors and fonts) intact, use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2568 @kbd{M-x ps-print-buffer-with-faces} or @kbd{M-x
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2569 ps-print-region-with-faces}. You will need a way to send text to a
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2570 PostScript printer, or a PostScript interpreter such as Ghostscript;
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2571 consult the documentation of the variables @code{ps-printer-name},
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2572 @code{ps-lpr-command}, and @code{ps-lpr-switches} for more details.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2573
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2574 @node Scrolling only one line, Replacing highlighted text, Turning on syntax highlighting, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2575 @section How can I force Emacs to scroll only one line when I move past the bottom of the screen?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2576 @cindex Scrolling only one line
46918
82d113655734 Minor spelling and grammar corrections.
Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>
parents: 46655
diff changeset
2577 @cindex Reducing the increment when scrolling
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2578
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2579 Place the following Lisp form in your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2580
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2581 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2582 (setq scroll-step 1)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2583 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2584
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2585 @inforef{Scrolling, Scrolling, emacs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2586
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2587 @node Replacing highlighted text, Editing MS-DOS files, Scrolling only one line, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2588 @section How can I replace highlighted text with what I type?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2589 @cindex @code{delete-selection-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2590 @cindex Replacing highlighted text
46918
82d113655734 Minor spelling and grammar corrections.
Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>
parents: 46655
diff changeset
2591 @cindex Highlighting and replacing text
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2592
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2593 Use @code{delete-selection-mode}, which you can start automatically by
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2594 placing the following Lisp form in your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2595
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2596 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2597 (delete-selection-mode t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2598 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2599
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2600 According to the documentation string for @code{delete-selection-mode}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2601 (which you can read using @kbd{M-x describe-function @key{RET}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2602 delete-selection-mode @key{RET}}):
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2603
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2604 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2605 When ON, typed text replaces the selection if the selection is active.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2606 When OFF, typed text is just inserted at point.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2607 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2608
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2609 This mode also allows you to delete (not kill) the highlighted region by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2610 pressing @key{DEL}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2611
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2612 @node Editing MS-DOS files, Filling paragraphs with a single space, Replacing highlighted text, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2613 @section How can I edit MS-DOS files using Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2614 @cindex Editing MS-DOS files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2615 @cindex MS-DOS files, editing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2616 @cindex Microsoft files, editing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2617 @cindex Windows files, editing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2618
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2619 As of Emacs 20, detection and handling of MS-DOS (and Windows) files is
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2620 performed transparently. You can open MS-DOS files on a Unix system,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2621 edit it, and save it without having to worry about the file format.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2622
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2623 When editing an MS-DOS style file, the mode line will indicate that it
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2624 is a DOS file. On Unix and GNU/Linux systems, and also on a Macintosh,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2625 the string @samp{(DOS)} will appear near the left edge of the mode line;
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2626 on DOS and Windows, where the DOS end-of-line (EOL) format is the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2627 default, a backslash (@samp{\}) will appear in the mode line.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2628
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2629 If you are running a version of Emacs before 20.1, get @code{crypt++}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2630 from the Emacs Lisp Archive (@pxref{Packages that do not come with
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2631 Emacs}). Among other things, @code{crypt++} transparently modifies
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2632 MS-DOS files as they are loaded and saved, allowing you to ignore the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2633 different conventions that Unix and MS-DOS have for delineating the end
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2634 of a line.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2635
35651
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2636 @node Filling paragraphs with a single space, Escape sequences in shell output, Editing MS-DOS files, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2637 @section How can I tell Emacs to fill paragraphs with a single space after each period?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2638 @cindex One space following periods
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2639 @cindex Single space following periods
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2640 @cindex Periods, one space following
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2641
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2642 @email{ulm@@vsnhd1.cern.ch, Ulrich Mueller} suggests adding the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2643 following two lines to your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2644
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2645 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2646 (setq sentence-end "[.?!][]\"')@}]*\\($\\|[ \t]\\)[ \t\n]*")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2647 (setq sentence-end-double-space nil)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2648 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2649
35651
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2650 @node Escape sequences in shell output, , Filling paragraphs with a single space, Common requests
46655
05bd4743e434 Remove bad line break.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43966
diff changeset
2651 @section Why these strange escape sequences from @code{ls} from the Shell mode?
35651
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2652 @cindex Escape sequences in @code{ls} output
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2653 @cindex @code{ls} in Shell mode
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2654
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2655 This happens because @code{ls} is aliased to @samp{ls --color} in your
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2656 shell init file. You have two alternatives to solve this:
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2657
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2658 @itemize @bullet
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2659 @item
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2660 Make the alias conditioned on the @code{EMACS} variable in the
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2661 environment. When Emacs runs a subsidiary shell, it exports the
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2662 @code{EMACS} variable with the value @code{t} to that shell. You can
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2663 unalias @code{ls} when that happens, thus limiting the alias to your
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2664 interactive sessions.
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2665
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2666 @item
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2667 Install the @code{ansi-color} package (bundled with Emacs 21.1 and
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2668 later), which converts these ANSI escape sequences into colors.
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2669 @end itemize
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2670
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2671 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2672 @node Bugs and problems, Compiling and installing Emacs, Common requests, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2673 @chapter Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2674 @cindex Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2675
38687
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2676 The Emacs manual lists some common kinds of trouble users could get
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2677 into, see @ref{Lossage, , Dealing with Emacs Trouble, emacs, The GNU
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2678 Emacs Manual}, so you might look there if the problem you encounter
38770
4cbe0f799a15 (Bugs and problems): Fix wording.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38687
diff changeset
2679 isn't described in this chapter. If you decide you've discovered a bug,
4cbe0f799a15 (Bugs and problems): Fix wording.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38687
diff changeset
2680 see @ref{Bugs, , Reporting Bugs, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}, for
38687
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2681 instructions how to do that.
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2682
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2683 The file @file{etc/PROBLEMS} in the Emacs distribution lists various
38770
4cbe0f799a15 (Bugs and problems): Fix wording.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38687
diff changeset
2684 known problems with building and using Emacs on specific platforms;
4cbe0f799a15 (Bugs and problems): Fix wording.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38687
diff changeset
2685 type @kbd{C-h P} to read it.
38687
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2686
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2687 @menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2688 * Problems with very large files::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2689 * ^M in the shell buffer::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2690 * Shell process exits abnormally::
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2691 * Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2692 * Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2693 * Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2694 * Problems talking to certain hosts::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2695 * Errors with init files::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2696 * Emacs ignores X resources::
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2697 * Emacs ignores frame parameters::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2698 * Emacs takes a long time to visit files::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2699 * Editing files with $ in the name::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2700 * Shell mode loses the current directory::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2701 * Security risks with Emacs::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2702 * Dired claims that no file is on this line::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2703 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2704
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2705 @node Problems with very large files, ^M in the shell buffer, Bugs and problems, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2706 @section Does Emacs have problems with files larger than 8 megabytes?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2707 @cindex Very large files, opening
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2708 @cindex Large files, opening
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2709 @cindex Opening very large files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2710 @cindex Maximum file size
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2711 @cindex Files, maximum size
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2712
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2713 Old versions (i.e., anything before 19.29) of Emacs had problems editing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2714 files larger than 8 megabytes. As of version 19.29, the maximum buffer
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2715 size is at least 2^27-1, or 134,217,727 bytes, or 132 MBytes. Emacs 20
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2716 can be compiled on some 64-bit systems in a way that enlarges the buffer
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2717 size up to 576,460,752,303,423,487 bytes, or 549,755,813 GBytes.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2718
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2719 If you are using a version of Emacs older than 19.29 and cannot upgrade,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2720 you will have to recompile. @email{lnz@@lucid.com, Leonard N. Zubkoff}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2721 suggests putting the following two lines in @file{src/config.h} before
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2722 compiling Emacs to allow for 26-bit integers and pointers (and thus file
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2723 sizes of up to 33,554,431 bytes):
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2724
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2725 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2726 #define VALBITS 26
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2727 #define GCTYPEBITS 5
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2728 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2729
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2730 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2731 This method may result in "ILLEGAL DATATYPE" and other random errors on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2732 some machines.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2733
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2734 @email{daveg@@csvax.cs.caltech.edu, David Gillespie} explains how this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2735 problems crops up; while his numbers are true only for pre-19.29
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2736 versions of Emacs, the theory remains the same with current versions.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2737
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2738 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2739 Emacs is largely written in a dialect of Lisp; Lisp is a freely-typed
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2740 language in the sense that you can put any value of any type into any
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2741 variable, or return it from a function, and so on. So each value
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2742 must carry a @dfn{tag} along with it identifying what kind of thing it
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2743 is, e.g., integer, pointer to a list, pointer to an editing buffer, and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2744 so on. Emacs uses standard 32-bit integers for data objects, taking the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2745 top 8 bits for the tag and the bottom 24 bits for the value. So
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2746 integers (and pointers) are somewhat restricted compared to true C
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2747 integers and pointers.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2748 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2749
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2750 @node ^M in the shell buffer, Shell process exits abnormally, Problems with very large files, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2751 @section How do I get rid of @samp{^M} or echoed commands in my shell buffer?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2752 @cindex Shell buffer, echoed commands and @samp{^M} in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2753 @cindex Echoed commands in @code{shell-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2754
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2755 Try typing @kbd{M-x shell-strip-ctrl-m @key{RET}} while in @code{shell-mode} to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2756 make them go away. If that doesn't work, you have several options:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2757
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2758 For @code{tcsh}, put this in your @file{.cshrc} (or @file{.tcshrc})
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2759 file:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2760
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2761 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2762 if ($?EMACS) then
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2763 if ("$EMACS" == t) then
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2764 if ($?tcsh) unset edit
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2765 stty nl
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2766 endif
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2767 endif
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2768 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2769
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2770 Or put this in your @file{.emacs_tcsh} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2771
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2772 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2773 unset edit
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2774 stty nl
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2775 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2776
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2777 Alternatively, use @code{csh} in your shell buffers instead of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2778 @code{tcsh}. One way is:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2779
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2780 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2781 (setq explicit-shell-file-name "/bin/csh")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2782 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2783
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2784 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2785 and another is to do this in your @file{.cshrc} (or @file{.tcshrc})
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2786 file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2787
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2788 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2789 setenv ESHELL /bin/csh
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2790 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2791
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2792 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2793 (You must start Emacs over again with the environment variable properly
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2794 set for this to take effect.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2795
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2796 You can also set the @code{ESHELL} environment variable in Emacs Lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2797 with the following Lisp form,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2798
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2799 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2800 (setenv "ESHELL" "/bin/csh")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2801 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2802
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2803 The above solutions try to prevent the shell from producing the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2804 @samp{^M} characters in the first place. If this is not possible
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2805 (e.g., if you use a Windows shell), you can get Emacs to remove these
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2806 characters from the buffer by adding this to your @file{.emacs} init
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2807 file:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2808
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2809 @smalllisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2810 (add-hook 'comint-output-filter-functions 'shell-strip-ctrl-m)
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2811 @end smalllisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2812
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2813 On a related note: If your shell is echoing your input line in the shell
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2814 buffer, you might want to try the following command in your shell
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2815 start-up file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2816
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2817 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2818 stty -icrnl -onlcr -echo susp ^Z
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2819 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2820
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2821 @node Shell process exits abnormally, Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows, ^M in the shell buffer, Bugs and problems
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2822 @section Why do I get "Process shell exited abnormally with code 1"?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2823 @cindex Abnormal exits from @code{shell-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2824 @cindex @code{shell-mode} exits
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2825 @cindex Process shell exited
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2826
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2827 The most likely reason for this message is that the @samp{env} program
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2828 is not properly installed. Compile this program for your architecture,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2829 and install it with @samp{a+x} permission in the architecture-dependent
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2830 Emacs program directory. (You can find what this directory is at your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2831 site by inspecting the value of the variable @code{exec-directory} by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2832 typing @kbd{C-h v exec-directory @key{RET}}.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2833
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2834 You should also check for other programs named @samp{env} in your path
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2835 (e.g., SunOS has a program named @file{/usr/bin/env}). We don't
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2836 understand why this can cause a failure and don't know a general
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2837 solution for working around the problem in this case.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2838
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2839 The @samp{make clean} command will remove @samp{env} and other vital
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2840 programs, so be careful when using it.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2841
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2842 It has been reported that this sometimes happened when Emacs was started
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2843 as an X client from an xterm window (i.e., had a controlling tty) but the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2844 xterm was later terminated.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2845
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2846 See also @samp{PROBLEMS} (in the @file{etc} subdirectory of the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2847 top-level directory when you unpack the Emacs source) for other
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2848 possible causes of this message.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2849
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2850 @node Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows, Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs, Shell process exits abnormally, Bugs and problems
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2851 @section Why do I get an error message when I try to run @kbd{M-x shell}?
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2852
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2853 @cindex Shell Mode, and MS-Windows
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2854 @cindex @code{explicit-shell-file-name}
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2855 On MS-Windows, this might happen because Emacs tries to look for the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2856 shell in a wrong place. The default file name @file{/bin/sh} is
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2857 usually incorrect for non-Unix systems. If you know where your shell
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2858 executable is, set the variable @code{explicit-shell-file-name} in
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2859 your @file{.emacs} file to point to its full file name, like this:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2860
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2861 @lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2862 (setq explicit-shell-file-name "d:/shells/bash.exe")
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2863 @end lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2864
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2865 If you don't know what shell does Emacs use, try the @kbd{M-!}
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2866 command; if that works, put the following line into your
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2867 @file{.emacs}:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2868
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2869 @lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2870 (setq explicit-shell-file-name shell-file-name)
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2871 @end lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2872
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2873 @cindex Antivirus programs, and Shell Mode
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2874 Some people have trouble with Shell Mode because of intrusive
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2875 antivirus software; disabling the resident antivirus program solves
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2876 the problems in those cases.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2877
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2878 @node Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs, Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode, Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows, Bugs and problems
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2879 @section Where is the termcap/terminfo entry for terminal type "emacs"?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2880 @cindex Termcap
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2881 @cindex Terminfo
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2882 @cindex Emacs entries for termcap/terminfo
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2883
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2884 The termcap entry for terminal type @samp{emacs} is ordinarily put in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2885 the @samp{TERMCAP} environment variable of subshells. It may help in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2886 certain situations (e.g., using rlogin from shell buffer) to add an
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2887 entry for @samp{emacs} to the system-wide termcap file. Here is a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2888 correct termcap entry for @samp{emacs}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2889
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2890 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2891 emacs:tc=unknown:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2892 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2893
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2894 To make a terminfo entry for @samp{emacs}, use @code{tic} or
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2895 @code{captoinfo}. You need to generate
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2896 @file{/usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs}. It may work to simply copy
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2897 @file{/usr/lib/terminfo/d/dumb} to @file{/usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2898
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2899 Having a termcap/terminfo entry will not enable the use of full screen
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2900 programs in shell buffers. Use @kbd{M-x terminal-emulator} for that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2901 instead.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2902
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2903 A workaround to the problem of missing termcap/terminfo entries is to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2904 change terminal type @samp{emacs} to type @samp{dumb} or @samp{unknown}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2905 in your shell start up file. @code{csh} users could put this in their
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2906 @file{.cshrc} files:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2907
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2908 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2909 if ("$term" == emacs) set term=dumb
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2910 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2911
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2912 @node Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode, Problems talking to certain hosts, Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2913 @section Why does Emacs spontaneously start displaying "I-search:" and beeping?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2914 @cindex Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2915 @cindex isearch-mode, spontaneous entry into
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2916 @cindex Beeping without obvious reason
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2917
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2918 Your terminal (or something between your terminal and the computer) is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2919 sending @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} for flow control, and Emacs is receiving
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2920 these characters and interpreting them as commands. (The @kbd{C-s}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2921 character normally invokes the @code{isearch-forward} command.) For
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2922 possible solutions, see @ref{Handling C-s and C-q with flow control}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2923
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2924 @node Problems talking to certain hosts, Errors with init files, Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2925 @section Why can't Emacs talk to certain hosts (or certain hostnames)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2926 @cindex Hosts, Emacs cannot talk to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2927 @cindex @code{gethostbyname}, problematic version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2928
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2929 The problem may be that Emacs is linked with a wimpier version of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2930 @code{gethostbyname} than the rest of the programs on the machine. This
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2931 is often manifested as a message on startup of ``X server not responding.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2932 Check your @samp{DISPLAY} environment variable.'' or a message of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2933 ``Unknown host'' from @code{open-network-stream}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2934
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2935 On a Sun, this may be because Emacs had to be linked with the static C
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2936 library. The version of @code{gethostbyname} in the static C library
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2937 may only look in @file{/etc/hosts} and the NIS (YP) maps, while the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2938 version in the dynamic C library may be smart enough to check DNS in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2939 addition to or instead of NIS. On a Motorola Delta running System V
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2940 R3.6, the version of @code{gethostbyname} in the standard library works,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2941 but the one that works with NIS doesn't (the one you get with -linet).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2942 Other operating systems have similar problems.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2943
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2944 Try these options:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2945
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2946 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2947
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2948 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2949 Explicitly add the host you want to communicate with to @file{/etc/hosts}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2950
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2951 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2952 Relink Emacs with this line in @file{src/config.h}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2953
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2954 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2955 #define LIBS_SYSTEM -lresolv
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2956 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2957
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2958 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2959 Replace @code{gethostbyname} and friends in @file{libc.a} with more
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2960 useful versions such as the ones in @file{libresolv.a}. Then relink
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2961 Emacs.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2962
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2963 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2964 If you are actually running NIS, make sure that @code{ypbind} is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2965 properly told to do DNS lookups with the correct command line switch.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2966
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2967 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2968
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2969 @node Errors with init files, Emacs ignores X resources, Problems talking to certain hosts, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2970 @section Why does Emacs say "Error in init file"?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2971 @cindex Error in @file{.emacs}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2972 @cindex Error in init file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2973 @cindex Init file, errors in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2974 @cindex @file{.emacs} file, errors in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2975 @cindex Debugging @file{.emacs} file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2976
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2977 An error occurred while loading either your @file{.emacs} file or the
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2978 system-wide file @file{lisp/default.el}. Emacs 21.1 and later pops the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2979 @file{*Messages*} buffer, and puts there some additional information
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2980 about the error, to provide some hints for debugging.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2981
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2982 For information on how to debug your @file{.emacs} file, see
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2983 @ref{Debugging a customization file}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2984
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2985 It may be the case that you need to load some package first, or use a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2986 hook that will be evaluated after the package is loaded. A common case
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2987 of this is explained in @ref{Terminal setup code works after Emacs has
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2988 begun}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2989
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2990 @node Emacs ignores X resources, Emacs ignores frame parameters, Errors with init files, Bugs and problems
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2991 @section Why does Emacs ignore my X resources (my .Xdefaults file)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2992 @cindex X resources being ignored
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2993 @cindex Ignored X resources
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2994 @cindex @file{.Xdefaults}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2995
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2996 As of version 19, Emacs searches for X resources in the files specified
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2997 by the following environment variables:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2998
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2999 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3000
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3001 @item @code{XFILESEARCHPATH}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3002 @item @code{XUSERFILESEARCHPATH}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3003 @item @code{XAPPLRESDIR}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3004
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3005 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3006
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3007 This emulates the functionality provided by programs written using the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3008 Xt toolkit.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3009
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3010 @code{XFILESEARCHPATH} and @code{XUSERFILESEARCHPATH} should be a list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3011 of file names separated by colons. @code{XAPPLRESDIR} should be a list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3012 of directory names separated by colons.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3013
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3014 Emacs searches for X resources:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3015
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3016 @enumerate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3017
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3018 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3019 specified on the command line, with the @samp{-xrm RESOURCESTRING} option,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3020
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3021 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3022 then in the value of the @samp{XENVIRONMENT} environment variable,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3023
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3024 @itemize @minus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3025
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3026 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3027 or if that is unset, in the file named
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3028 @file{~/.Xdefaults-@var{hostname}} if it exists (where @var{hostname} is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3029 the name of the machine Emacs is running on),
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3030
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3031 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3032
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3033 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3034 then in the screen-specific and server-wide resource properties provided
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3035 by the server,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3036
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3037 @itemize @minus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3038
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3039 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3040 or if those properties are unset, in the file named @file{~/.Xdefaults}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3041 if it exists,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3042
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3043 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3044
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3045 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3046 then in the files listed in @samp{XUSERFILESEARCHPATH},
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3047
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3048 @itemize @minus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3049
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3050 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3051 or in files named @file{@var{lang}/Emacs} in directories listed in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3052 @samp{XAPPLRESDIR} (where @var{lang} is the value of the @code{LANG}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3053 environment variable), if the @samp{LANG} environment variable is set,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3054 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3055 or in files named Emacs in the directories listed in @samp{XAPPLRESDIR}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3056 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3057 or in @file{~/@var{lang}/Emacs} (if the @code{LANG} environment variable
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3058 is set),
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3059 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3060 or in @file{~/Emacs},
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3061
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3062 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3063
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3064 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3065 then in the files listed in @code{XFILESEARCHPATH}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3066
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3067 @end enumerate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3068
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3069 @node Emacs ignores frame parameters, Emacs takes a long time to visit files, Emacs ignores X resources, Bugs and problems
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3070 @section Why don't my customizations of the frame parameters work?
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3071 @cindex Frame parameters
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3072
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3073 This probably happens because you have set the frame parameters in the
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3074 variable @code{initial-frame-alist}. That variable holds parameters
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3075 used only for the first frame created when Emacs starts. To customize
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3076 the parameters of all frames, change the variable
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3077 @code{default-frame-alist} instead.
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3078
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3079 These two variables exist because many users customize the initial frame
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3080 in a special way. For example, you could determine the position and
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3081 size of the initial frame, but would like to control the geometry of the
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3082 other frames by individually positioning each one of them.
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3083
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3084
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3085 @node Emacs takes a long time to visit files, Editing files with $ in the name, Emacs ignores frame parameters, Bugs and problems
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3086 @section Why does Emacs take 20 seconds to visit a file?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3087 @cindex Visiting files takes a long time
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3088 @cindex Delay when visiting files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3089 @cindex Files, take a long time to visit
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3090
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3091 Old versions of Emacs (i.e., versions before Emacs 20.x) often
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3092 encountered this when the master lock file, @file{!!!SuperLock!!!}, has
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3093 been left in the lock directory somehow. Delete it.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3094
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3095 @email{meuer@@geom.umn.edu, Mark Meuer} says that NeXT NFS has a bug
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3096 where an exclusive create succeeds but returns an error status. This
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3097 can cause the same problem. Since Emacs's file locking doesn't work
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3098 over NFS anyway, the best solution is to recompile Emacs with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3099 @code{CLASH_DETECTION} undefined.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3100
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3101 @node Editing files with $ in the name, Shell mode loses the current directory, Emacs takes a long time to visit files, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3102 @section How do I edit a file with a @samp{$} in its name?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3103 @cindex Editing files with @samp{$} in the name
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3104 @cindex @samp{$} in file names
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3105 @cindex File names containing @samp{$}, editing
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3106
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3107 When entering a file name in the minibuffer, Emacs will attempt to expand
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3108 a @samp{$} followed by a word as an environment variable. To suppress
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3109 this behavior, type @kbd{$$} instead.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3110
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3111 @node Shell mode loses the current directory, Security risks with Emacs, Editing files with $ in the name, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3112 @section Why does shell mode lose track of the shell's current directory?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3113 @cindex Current directory and @code{shell-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3114 @cindex @code{shell-mode} and current directory
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3115 @cindex Directory, current in @code{shell-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3116
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3117 Emacs has no way of knowing when the shell actually changes its
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3118 directory. This is an intrinsic limitation of Unix. So it tries to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3119 guess by recognizing @samp{cd} commands. If you type @kbd{cd} followed
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3120 by a directory name with a variable reference (@kbd{cd $HOME/bin}) or
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3121 with a shell metacharacter (@kbd{cd ../lib*}), Emacs will fail to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3122 correctly guess the shell's new current directory. A huge variety of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3123 fixes and enhancements to shell mode for this problem have been written
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3124 to handle this problem. Check the Lisp Code Directory (@pxref{Finding a
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3125 package with particular functionality}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3126
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3127 You can tell Emacs the shell's current directory with the command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3128 @kbd{M-x dirs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3129
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3130 @node Security risks with Emacs, Dired claims that no file is on this line, Shell mode loses the current directory, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3131 @section Are there any security risks in Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3132 @cindex Security with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3133 @cindex @samp{movemail} and security
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3134 @cindex @code{file-local-variable} and security
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3135 @cindex Synthetic X events and security
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3136 @cindex X events and security
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3137
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3138 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3139
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3140 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3141 The @file{movemail} incident. (No, this is not a risk.)
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3142
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3143 In his book @cite{The Cuckoo's Egg}, Cliff Stoll describes this in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3144 chapter 4. The site at LBL had installed the @file{/etc/movemail}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3145 program setuid root. (As of version 19, @file{movemail} is in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3146 architecture-specific directory; type @kbd{C-h v exec-directory
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3147 @key{RET}} to see what it is.) Since @code{movemail} had not been
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3148 designed for this situation, a security hole was created and users could
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3149 get root privileges.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3150
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3151 @code{movemail} has since been changed so that this security hole will
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3152 not exist, even if it is installed setuid root. However,
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3153 @code{movemail} no longer needs to be installed setuid root, which
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3154 should eliminate this particular risk.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3155
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3156 We have heard unverified reports that the 1988 Internet worm took
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3157 advantage of this configuration problem.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3158
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3159 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3160 The @code{file-local-variable} feature. (Yes, a risk, but easy to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3161 change.)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3162
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3163 There is an Emacs feature that allows the setting of local values for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3164 variables when editing a file by including specially formatted text near
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3165 the end of the file. This feature also includes the ability to have
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3166 arbitrary Emacs Lisp code evaluated when the file is visited.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3167 Obviously, there is a potential for Trojan horses to exploit this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3168 feature.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3169
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3170 Emacs 18 allowed this feature by default; users could disable it by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3171 setting the variable @code{inhibit-local-variables} to a non-nil value.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3172
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3173 As of Emacs 19, Emacs has a list of local variables that create a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3174 security risk. If a file tries to set one of them, it asks the user to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3175 confirm whether the variables should be set. You can also tell Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3176 whether to allow the evaluation of Emacs Lisp code found at the bottom
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3177 of files by setting the variable @code{enable-local-eval}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3178
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3179 For more information, @inforef{File Variables, File Variables, emacs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3180
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3181 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3182 Synthetic X events. (Yes, a risk; use @samp{MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1} or
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3183 better.)
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3184
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3185 Emacs accepts synthetic X events generated by the @code{SendEvent}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3186 request as though they were regular events. As a result, if you are
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3187 using the trivial host-based authentication, other users who can open X
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3188 connections to your X workstation can make your Emacs process do
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3189 anything, including run other processes with your privileges.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3190
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3191 The only fix for this is to prevent other users from being able to open
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3192 X connections. The standard way to prevent this is to use a real
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3193 authentication mechanism, such as @samp{MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1}. If using
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3194 the @code{xauth} program has any effect, then you are probably using
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3195 @samp{MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1}. Your site may be using a superior
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3196 authentication method; ask your system administrator.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3197
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3198 If real authentication is not a possibility, you may be satisfied by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3199 just allowing hosts access for brief intervals while you start your X
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3200 programs, then removing the access. This reduces the risk somewhat by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3201 narrowing the time window when hostile users would have access, but
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3202 @emph{does not eliminate the risk}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3203
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
3204 On most computers running Unix and X, you enable and disable
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3205 access using the @code{xhost} command. To allow all hosts access to
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3206 your X server, use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3207
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3208 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3209 xhost +
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3210 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3211
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3212 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3213 at the shell prompt, which (on an HP machine, at least) produces the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3214 following message:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3215
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3216 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3217 access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3218 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3219
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3220 To deny all hosts access to your X server (except those explicitly
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3221 allowed by name), use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3222
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3223 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3224 xhost -
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3225 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3226
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3227 On the test HP computer, this command generated the following message:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3228
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3229 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3230 access control enabled, only authorized clients can connect
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3231 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3232
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3233 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3234
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3235 @node Dired claims that no file is on this line, , Security risks with Emacs, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3236 @section Dired says, "no file on this line" when I try to do something.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3237 @cindex Dired does not see a file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3238
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3239 @c FIXME: I think this is fixed in Emacs 21, but I didn't have time to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3240 @c check.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3241 Chances are you're using a localized version of Unix that doesn't use US
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3242 date format in dired listings. You can check this by looking at dired
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3243 listings or by typing @kbd{ls -l} to a shell and looking at the dates that
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3244 come out.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3245
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3246 Dired uses a regular expression to find the beginning of a file name.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3247 In a long Unix-style directory listing (@samp{ls -l}), the file name
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3248 starts after the date. The regexp has thus been written to look for the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3249 date, the format of which can vary on non-US systems.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3250
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3251 There are two approaches to solving this. The first one involves
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3252 setting things up so that @samp{ls -l} outputs US date format. This can
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3253 be done by setting the locale. See your OS manual for more information.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3254
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3255 The second approach involves changing the regular expression used by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3256 dired, @code{dired-move-to-filename-regexp}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3257
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3258 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3259 @node Compiling and installing Emacs, Finding Emacs and related packages, Bugs and problems, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3260 @chapter Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3261 @cindex Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3262
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3263 @menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3264 * Installing Emacs::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3265 * Updating Emacs::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3266 * Problems building Emacs::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3267 * Linking with -lX11 fails::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3268 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3269
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3270 @node Installing Emacs, Updating Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3271 @section How do I install Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3272 @cindex Installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3273 @cindex Unix systems, installing Emacs on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3274 @cindex Downloading and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3275 @cindex Retrieving and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3276 @cindex Building Emacs from source
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3277 @cindex Source code, building Emacs from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3278 @cindex Unpacking and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3279
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3280 This answer is meant for users of Unix and Unix-like systems. Users of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3281 other operating systems should see the series of questions beginning
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3282 with @ref{Emacs for MS-DOS}, which describe where to get non-Unix source
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3283 and binaries, and how to install Emacs on those systems.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3284
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3285 For Unix and Unix-like systems, the easiest way is often to compile it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3286 from scratch. You will need:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3287
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3288 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3289
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3290 @item
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3291 Emacs sources. @xref{Current GNU distributions}, for a list of ftp sites
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3292 that make them available. On @file{ftp.gnu.org}, the main GNU
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3293 distribution site, sources are available as
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3294
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3295 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/emacs-@value{VER}.tar.gz}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3296
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3297 The above will obviously change as new versions of Emacs come out. For
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3298 instance, when Emacs 21.42 is released, it will most probably be
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3299 available as
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3300
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3301 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/emacs-21.42.tar.gz}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3302
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3303 Again, you should use one of the GNU mirror sites (see @ref{Current GNU
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3304 distributions}, and adjust the URL accordingly) so as to reduce load on
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3305 @file{ftp.gnu.org}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3306
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3307 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3308 @code{gzip}, the GNU compression utility. You can get @code{gzip} via
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3309 anonymous ftp at mirrors of @file{ftp.gnu.org} sites; it should compile
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3310 and install without much trouble on most systems. Once you have
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3311 retrieved the Emacs sources, you will probably be able to uncompress
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3312 them with the command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3313
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3314 @example
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3315 gunzip --verbose emacs-@value{VER}.tar.gz
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3316 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3317
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3318 @noindent
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3319 changing the Emacs version (@value{VER}), as necessary. Once
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3320 @code{gunzip} has finished doing its job, a file by the name of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3321 @file{emacs-@value{VER}.tar} should be in your build directory.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3322
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3323 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3324 @code{tar}, the @dfn{tape archiving} program, which moves multiple files
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3325 into and out of archive files, or @dfn{tarfiles}. All of the files
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3326 comprising the Emacs source come in a single tarfile, and must be
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3327 extracted using @code{tar} before you can build Emacs. Typically, the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3328 extraction command would look like
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3329
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3330 @example
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3331 tar -xvvf emacs-@value{VER}.tar
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3332 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3333
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3334 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3335 The @samp{x} indicates that we want to extract files from this tarfile,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3336 the two @samp{v}s force verbose output, and the @samp{f} tells
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3337 @code{tar} to use a disk file, rather than one on the tape drive.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3338
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3339 If you're using GNU @code{tar} (available at mirrors of
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3340 @file{ftp.gnu.org}), you can combine this step and the previous one by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3341 using the command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3342
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3343 @example
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3344 tar -zxvvf emacs-@value{VER}.tar.gz
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3345 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3346
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3347 @noindent
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3348 The additional @samp{z} at the beginning of the options list tells GNU
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3349 @code{tar} to uncompress the file with @code{gunzip} before extracting
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3350 the tarfile's components.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3351
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3352 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3353
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3354 At this point, the Emacs sources (all 70+ megabytes of them) should be
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3355 sitting in a directory called @file{emacs-@value{VER}}. On most common
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3356 Unix and Unix-like systems, you should be able to compile Emacs (with X
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3357 Window system support) with the following commands:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3358
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3359 @example
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3360 cd emacs-@value{VER} # change directory to emacs-@value{VER}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3361 ./configure # configure Emacs for your particular system
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3362 make # use Makefile to build components, then Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3363 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3364
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3365 If the @code{make} completes successfully, the odds are fairly good that
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3366 the build has gone well. (@xref{Problems building Emacs}, if you weren't
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3367 successful.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3368
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3369 By default, Emacs is installed in the following directories:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3370
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3371 @table @file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3372 @item /usr/local/bin
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3373 binaries.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3374
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3375 @item /usr/local/share/emacs/@value{VER}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3376 Lisp code and support files.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3377
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3378 @item /usr/local/info
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3379 Info documentation.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3380 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3381
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3382 To install files in those default directories, become the superuser and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3383 type
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3384
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3385 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3386 make install
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3387 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3388
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3389 Note that @samp{make install} will overwrite @file{/usr/local/bin/emacs}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3390 and any Emacs Info files that might be in @file{/usr/local/info}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3391
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3392 Much more verbose instructions (with many more hints and suggestions)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3393 come with the Emacs sources, in the file @file{INSTALL}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3394
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3395 @node Updating Emacs, Problems building Emacs, Installing Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3396 @section How do I update Emacs to the latest version?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3397 @cindex Updating Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3398
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3399 @xref{Installing Emacs}, and follow the instructions there for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3400 installation.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3401
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3402 Most files are placed in version-specific directories. Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3403 @value{VER}, for instance, places files in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3404 @file{/usr/local/share/emacs/@value{VER}}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3405
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3406 Upgrading should overwrite only, @file{/usr/local/bin/emacs} (the Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3407 binary) and documentation in @file{/usr/local/info}. Back up these
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3408 files before you upgrade, and you shouldn't have too much trouble.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3409
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3410 @node Problems building Emacs, Linking with -lX11 fails, Updating Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3411 @section What should I do if I have trouble building Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3412 @cindex Problems building Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3413 @cindex Errors when building Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3414
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3415 First look in the file @file{etc/PROBLEMS} (where you unpack the Emacs
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3416 source) to see if there is already a solution for your problem. Next,
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3417 look for other questions in this FAQ that have to do with Emacs
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3418 installation and compilation problems.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3419
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3420 If you'd like to have someone look at your problem and help solve it,
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3421 see @ref{Help installing Emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3422
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3423 If you cannot find a solution in the documentation, send a message to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3424 @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3425
37806
8da84c32ff29 Avoid overfull hboxes.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37597
diff changeset
3426 Please don't post it to @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help} or send e-mail to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3427 @email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org}. For further guidelines, see
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3428 @ref{Guidelines for newsgroup postings} and @ref{Reporting bugs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3429
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3430 @node Linking with -lX11 fails, , Problems building Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3431 @section Why does linking Emacs with -lX11 fail?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3432 @cindex Linking with -lX11 fails
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3433 @cindex lX11, linking fails with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3434
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3435 Emacs needs to be linked with the static version of the X11 library,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3436 @file{libX11.a}. This may be missing.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3437
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3438 On OpenWindows, you may need to use @code{add_services} to add the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3439 "OpenWindows Programmers" optional software category from the CD-ROM.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3440
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3441 On HP-UX 8.0, you may need to run @code{update} again to load the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3442 X11-PRG ``fileset''. This may be missing even if you specified ``all
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3443 filesets'' the first time. If @file{libcurses.a} is missing, you may
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3444 need to load the ``Berkeley Development Option.''
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3445
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3446 @email{zoo@@armadillo.com, David Zuhn} says that MIT X builds shared
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3447 libraries by default, and only shared libraries, on those platforms that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3448 support them. These shared libraries can't be used when undumping
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3449 @code{temacs} (the last stage of the Emacs build process). To get
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3450 regular libraries in addition to shared libraries, add this to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3451 @file{site.cf}:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3452
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3453 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3454 #define ForceNormalLib YES
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3455 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3456
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3457 Other systems may have similar problems. You can always define
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3458 @code{CANNOT_DUMP} and link with the shared libraries instead.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3459
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3460 @cindex X Menus don't work
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3461 To get the Xmenu stuff to work, you need to find a copy of MIT's
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3462 @file{liboldX.a}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3463
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3464 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3465 @node Finding Emacs and related packages, Major packages and programs, Compiling and installing Emacs, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3466 @chapter Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3467 @cindex Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3468
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3469 @menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3470 * Finding Emacs on the Internet::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3471 * Finding a package with particular functionality::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3472 * Packages that do not come with Emacs::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3473 * Submitting to the Emacs Lisp Archive::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3474 * Current GNU distributions::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3475 * Difference between Emacs and XEmacs::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3476 * Emacs for MS-DOS::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3477 * Emacs for Windows::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3478 * Emacs for OS/2::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3479 * Emacs for Atari ST::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3480 * Emacs for the Amiga ::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3481 * Emacs for NeXTSTEP::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3482 * Emacs for Apple computers::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3483 * Emacs for VMS and DECwindows::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3484 * Modes for various languages::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3485 * Translating names to IP addresses::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3486 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3487
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3488 @node Finding Emacs on the Internet, Finding a package with particular functionality, Finding Emacs and related packages, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3489 @section Where can I get Emacs on the net (or by snail mail)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3490 @cindex Finding Emacs on the Internet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3491 @cindex Snail mail, ordering Emacs via
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3492 @cindex Postal service, ordering Emacs via
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3493 @cindex Distribution, retrieving Emacs
46918
82d113655734 Minor spelling and grammar corrections.
Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>
parents: 46655
diff changeset
3494 @cindex Internet, retrieving from
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3495
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3496 Look in the files @file{etc/DISTRIB} and @file{etc/FTP} for information
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3497 on nearby archive sites and @file{etc/ORDERS} for mail orders. If you
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3498 don't already have Emacs, see @ref{Informational files for Emacs}, for how
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3499 to get these files.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3500
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3501 @xref{Installing Emacs}, for information on how to obtain and build the latest
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3502 version of Emacs, and see @ref{Current GNU distributions}, for a list of
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3503 archive sites that make GNU software available.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3504
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3505 @node Finding a package with particular functionality, Packages that do not come with Emacs, Finding Emacs on the Internet, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3506 @section How do I find a Emacs Lisp package that does XXX?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3507 @cindex Package, finding
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3508 @cindex Finding an Emacs Lisp package
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3509 @cindex Functionality, finding a particular package
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3510
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3511 First of all, you should check to make sure that the package isn't
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3512 already available. For example, typing @kbd{M-x apropos @key{RET}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3513 wordstar @key{RET}} lists all functions and variables containing the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3514 string @samp{wordstar}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3515
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3516 It is also possible that the package is on your system, but has not been
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3517 loaded. To see which packages are available for loading, look through
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3518 your computer's lisp directory (@pxref{File-name conventions}). The Lisp
36344
6c3540ec3c12 (Finding a package with particular functionality):
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36301
diff changeset
3519 source to most packages contains a short description of how they
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3520 should be loaded, invoked, and configured---so before you use or
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3521 modify a Lisp package, see if the author has provided any hints in the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3522 source code.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3523
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3524 If a package does not come with Emacs, check the Lisp Code Directory.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3525 The LCD was originally maintained by @email{brennan@@hal.com, Dave
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3526 Brennan}, but was recently taken over by @email{toby@@world.std.com,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3527 toby knudsen}, who maintains @uref{http://www.emacs.org}. The LCD is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3528 currently being reorganized and updated, but you can meanwhile find many
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3529 packages at @uref{ftp://ftp.emacs.org/pub}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3530
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3531 For now, you can search through the LCD with @file{lispdir.el}, which is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3532 in the process of being updated. Download it from the LCD, in the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3533 @file{emacs-lisp-attic/misc} directory, and then evaluate the following
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3534 Lisp form (@pxref{Evaluating Emacs Lisp code}):
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3535
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3536 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3537 (setq lisp-code-directory
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3538 "/anonymous@@ftp.emacs.org:pub/emacs-lisp-attic/emacs-lisp/LCD-datafile.gz"
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3539 elisp-archive-host "ftp.emacs.org"
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3540 elisp-archive-directory "/pub/emacs-lisp-attic/emacs-lisp/")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3541 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3542
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3543 Once you have installed @file{lispdir.el}, you can use @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3544 lisp-dir-apropos} to search the listing. For example, @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3545 lisp-dir-apropos @key{RET} ange-ftp @key{RET}} produces this output:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3546
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3547 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3548 GNU Emacs Lisp Code Directory Apropos --- "ange-ftp"
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3549 "~/" refers to archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/elisp-archive/
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3550
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3551 ange-ftp (4.18) 15-Jul-1992
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3552 Andy Norman, <ange@@hplb.hpl.hp.com>
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3553 ~/packages/ange-ftp.tar.Z
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3554 transparent FTP Support for GNU Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3555 auto-save (1.19) 01-May-1992
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3556 Sebastian Kremer, <sk@@thp.uni-koeln.de>
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3557 ~/misc/auto-save.el.Z
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3558 Safer autosaving with support for ange-ftp and /tmp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3559 ftp-quik (1.0) 28-Jul-1993
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3560 Terrence Brannon, <tb06@@pl122f.eecs.lehigh.edu>
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3561 ~/modes/ftp-quik.el.Z
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3562 Quik access to dired'ing of ange-ftp and normal paths
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3563 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3564
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3565 @node Packages that do not come with Emacs, Submitting to the Emacs Lisp Archive, Finding a package with particular functionality, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3566 @section Where can I get Emacs Lisp packages that don't come with Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3567 @cindex Unbundled packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3568 @cindex Finding other packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3569 @cindex Lisp packages that do not come with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3570 @cindex Packages, those that do not come with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3571 @cindex Emacs Lisp Archive, description of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3572 @cindex Archive, description of the Emacs Lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3573
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3574 First, check the Lisp Code Directory to find the name of the package you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3575 are looking for (@pxref{Finding a package with particular
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3576 functionality}). Next, check local archives and the Emacs Lisp Archive
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3577 to find a copy of the relevant files. If you still haven't found it,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3578 you can send e-mail to the author asking for a copy. If you find Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3579 Lisp code that doesn't appear in the LCD, please submit a copy to the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3580 LCD (@pxref{Submitting to the Emacs Lisp Archive}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3581
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3582 You can access the Emacs Lisp Archive at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3583
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3584 @uref{ftp://archive.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/emacs-lisp/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3585
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3586 @noindent
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3587 or at
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3588
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3589 @uref{http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/emacs-lisp}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3590
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3591 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3592 Retrieve and read the file @file{README} first.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3593
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3594 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3595
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3596 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3597 The archive maintainers do not have time to answer individual
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3598 requests for packages or the list of packages in the archive. If you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3599 cannot use FTP or UUCP to access the archive yourself, try to find a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3600 friend who can, but please don't ask the maintainers.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3601
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3602 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3603 Any files with names ending in @file{.Z}, @file{.z}, or @file{.gz} are
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3604 compressed, so you should use "binary" mode in FTP to retrieve them.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3605 You should also use binary mode whenever you retrieve any files with
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3606 names ending in @file{.elc}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3607
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3608 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3609
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3610 @node Submitting to the Emacs Lisp Archive, Current GNU distributions, Packages that do not come with Emacs, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3611 @section How do I submit code to the Emacs Lisp Archive?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3612 @cindex Submitting code to the Emacs Lisp Archive
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3613 @cindex Emacs Lisp Archive, submissions to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3614 @cindex Lisp Archive, submissions to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3615 @cindex Archive, submitting to the Emacs Lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3616
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3617 Guidelines and procedures for submission to the archive can be found in
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3618 the file @file{GUIDELINES} in the archive directory (@pxref{Packages that
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3619 do not come with Emacs}). It covers documentation, copyrights,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3620 packaging, submission, and the Lisp Code Directory Record. Anonymous
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3621 FTP uploads are not permitted. Instead, all submissions are mailed to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3622 @email{elisp-archive@@cis.ohio-state.edu}. The @file{lispdir.el}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3623 package has a function named @code{submit-lcd-entry} which will help you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3624 with this.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3625
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3626 @node Current GNU distributions, Difference between Emacs and XEmacs, Submitting to the Emacs Lisp Archive, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3627 @section Where can I get other up-to-date GNU stuff?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3628 @cindex Current GNU distributions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3629 @cindex Sources for current GNU distributions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3630 @cindex Stuff, current GNU
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3631 @cindex Up-to-date GNU stuff
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3632 @cindex Finding current GNU software
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3633 @cindex Official GNU software sites
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3634
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3635 The most up-to-date official GNU software is normally kept at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3636
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3637 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3638
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3639 Read the files @file{etc/DISTRIB} and @file{etc/FTP} for more
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3640 information.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3641
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3642 A list of sites mirroring @samp{ftp.gnu.org} can be found at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3643
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3644 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/ftp.html}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3645
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3646 @node Difference between Emacs and XEmacs, Emacs for MS-DOS, Current GNU distributions, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3647 @section What is the difference between Emacs and XEmacs (formerly "Lucid Emacs")?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3648 @cindex XEmacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3649 @cindex Difference Emacs and XEmacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3650 @cindex Lucid Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3651 @cindex Epoch
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3652
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3653 First of all, they're both GNU Emacs. XEmacs is just as much a later
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3654 version of GNU Emacs as the FSF-distributed version. This FAQ refers to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3655 the latest version to be distributed by the FSF as ``Emacs,'' partly
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3656 because the XEmacs maintainers now refer to their product using the
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3657 ``XEmacs'' name, and partly because there isn't any accurate way to
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3658 differentiate between the two without getting mired in paragraphs of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3659 legalese and history.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3660
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3661 XEmacs, which began life as Lucid Emacs, is based on an early version of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3662 Emacs 19 and Epoch, an X-aware version of Emacs 18.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3663
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3664 Emacs (i.e., the version distributed by the FSF) has a larger installed
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3665 base and now always contains the MULE multilingual facilities.
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
3666 XEmacs can do some clever tricks with X and MS-Windows, such as
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3667 putting arbitrary graphics in a buffer. Similar facilities have been
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3668 implemented for Emacs as part of a new redisplay implementation for
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3669 Emacs 21, and are available in the latest Emacs releases.
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3670 Emacs and XEmacs each come with
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3671 Lisp packages that are lacking in the other; RMS says that the FSF would
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3672 include more packages that come with XEmacs, but that the XEmacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3673 maintainers don't always keep track of the authors of contributed code,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3674 which makes it impossible for the FSF to have certain legal papers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3675 signed. (Without these legal papers, the FSF will not distribute Lisp
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3676 packages with Emacs.) The two versions have some
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3677 significant differences at the Lisp programming level.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3678
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3679 Many XEmacs features have found their way into recent versions of Emacs,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3680 and more features can be expected in the future, but there are still many
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3681 differences between the two.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3682
43960
397a4490dc38 Fix some URLs, the Copyright years, and the Emacs version.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 42674
diff changeset
3683 The latest stable branch of XEmacs as of this writing is 21.1; you can
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3684 get it at
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3685
43960
397a4490dc38 Fix some URLs, the Copyright years, and the Emacs version.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 42674
diff changeset
3686 @uref{ftp://ftp.xemacs.org/pub/xemacs/xemacs-21.1.14.tar.gz}
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3687
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3688 More information about XEmacs, including a list of frequently asked
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3689 questions (FAQ), is available at
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3690
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3691 @uref{http://www.xemacs.org/}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3692
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3693 @node Emacs for MS-DOS, Emacs for Windows, Difference between Emacs and XEmacs, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3694 @section Where can I get Emacs for my PC running MS-DOS?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3695 @cindex MS-DOS, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3696 @cindex DOS, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3697 @cindex Compiling Emacs for DOS
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3698 @cindex Emacs for MS-DOS
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3699 @cindex Tools needed to compile Emacs under DOS
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3700
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3701 A pre-built binary distribution of Emacs is available from the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3702 SimTel.NET archives. This version apparently works under MS-DOS and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3703 Windows (3.X, 9X, ME, NT, and 2000) and supports long file names under
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3704 Windows 9X, Windows ME, and Windows 2000. More information is available
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3705 from
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3706
48785
08b94ecd1d08 Fix URLs.
Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz>
parents: 47737
diff changeset
3707 @uref{http://www.simtel.net/pub/djgpp/v2gnu/emacs.README}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3708
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3709 The binary itself is available in the files @file{em*.zip} in the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3710 directory
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3711
48785
08b94ecd1d08 Fix URLs.
Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz>
parents: 47737
diff changeset
3712 @uref{http://www.simtel.net/pub/djgpp/v2gnu/}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3713
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3714 If you prefer to compile Emacs for yourself, you can do so with the
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3715 current distribution directly. You will need a 386 (or
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3716 better) processor, and to be running MS-DOS 3.0 or later. According to
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3717 @email{eliz@@is.elta.co.il, Eli Zaretskii} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3718 @email{hankedr@@dms.auburn.edu, Darrel Hankerson}, you will need the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3719 following:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3720
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3721 @table @emph
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3722
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3723 @item Compiler
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3724 DJGPP version 1.12 maint 1 or later. Djgpp 2.0 or later is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3725 recommended, since 1.x is very old an unmaintained. Djgpp 2 supports
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3726 long file names on Windows 9X/ME/2K.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3727
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3728 You can get the latest release of DJGPP by retrieving all of
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3729 the files in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3730
43960
397a4490dc38 Fix some URLs, the Copyright years, and the Emacs version.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 42674
diff changeset
3731 @uref{http://www.simtel.net/pub/gnu/djgpp/v2*}
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3732
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3733 @item Unpacking program
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3734 The easiest way is to use @code{djtar} which comes with DJGPP v2.x,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3735 because it can open gzip'ed tarfiles (i.e., those ending with
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3736 @file{.tar.gz}) in one step. @code{Djtar} comes in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3737 @file{djdev@var{nnn}.zip} archive (where @var{nnn} is the DJGPP version
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3738 number), from the URL mentioned above.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3739
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3740 @strong{Warning!} Do @strong{not} use the popular WinZip program to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3741 unpack the Emacs distribution! WinZip is known to corrupt some of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3742 files by converting them to the DOS CR-LF format, it doesn't always
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3743 preserve the directory structure recorded in the compressed Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3744 archive, and commits other atrocities. Some of these problems could
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3745 actually prevent Emacs from building successfully!
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3746
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3747 @item make, mv, sed, and rm
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3748 All of these utilities are available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3749
43960
397a4490dc38 Fix some URLs, the Copyright years, and the Emacs version.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 42674
diff changeset
3750 @uref{http://www.simtel.net/pub/gnu/djgpp/v2gnu}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3751
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3752 16-bit utilities can be found in GNUish, at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3753
48785
08b94ecd1d08 Fix URLs.
Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz>
parents: 47737
diff changeset
3754 @uref{http://www.simtel.net/pub/gnuish/}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3755
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3756 @noindent
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3757 (@code{mv} and @code{rm} are in the Fileutils package, @code{sed} and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3758 @code{make} are each one in a separate package named after them.)
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3759
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3760 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3761
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3762 The files @file{INSTALL} (near its end) and @file{etc/PROBLEMS} in the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3763 directory of the Emacs sources contains some additional information
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3764 regarding Emacs under MS-DOS.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3765
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3766 For a list of other MS-DOS implementations of Emacs (and Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3767 look-alikes), consult the list of "Emacs implementations and literature,"
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3768 available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3769
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3770 @uref{ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.emacs/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3771
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3772 Note that while many of these programs look similar to Emacs, they often
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3773 lack certain features, such as the Emacs Lisp extension language.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3774
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3775 @node Emacs for Windows, Emacs for OS/2, Emacs for MS-DOS, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3776 @section Where can I get Emacs for Microsoft Windows
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3777 @cindex FAQ for NT Emacs
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3778 @cindex Emacs for MS-Windows
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3779 @cindex Microsoft Windows, Emacs for
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3780 @cindex Windows 9X, ME, NT, 2K, and CE, Emacs for
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3781
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3782 For information on Emacs for Windows 95 and NT, read the FAQ produced by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3783 @email{voelker@@cs.washington.edu, Geoff Voelker}, available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3784
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3785 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/windows/ntemacs.html}
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3786
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3787 @xref{Emacs for MS-DOS}, for Windows 3.1.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3788
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3789 A port of Emacs 20.7 for Windows CE, based on NTEmacs, is available at
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3790
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3791 @uref{http://www.rainer-keuchel.de/software.html}
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3792
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3793 @noindent
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3794 This port was done by @email{coyxc@@rainer-keuchel.de, Rainer Keuchel},
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3795 and supports all Emacs features except async subprocesses and menus.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3796 You will need MSVC 6.0 and a Windows CE SDK to build this port.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3797
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3798 @node Emacs for OS/2, Emacs for Atari ST, Emacs for Windows, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3799 @section Where can I get Emacs for my PC running OS/2?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3800 @cindex OS/2, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3801
35061
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3802 Emacs 20.6 is ported for emx on OS/2 2.0 or 2.1, and is available at
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3803
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3804 @uref{ftp://hobbes.nmsu.edu/pub/os2/apps/editors/emacs/e206*.zip}
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3805
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3806 @noindent
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3807 and also at
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3808
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3809 @uref{http://archiv.leo.org/pub/comp/os/os2/leo/gnu/emacs%2d20/}
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3810
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3811 Instructions for installation, basic setup, and other useful information
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3812 for OS/2 users of Emacs can be found at
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3813
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3814 @uref{http://userpage.fu-berlin.de/~oheiabbd/emacs/emacs206-os2.html}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3815
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3816 @node Emacs for Atari ST, Emacs for the Amiga , Emacs for OS/2, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3817 @section Where can I get Emacs for my Atari ST?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3818 @cindex Atari ST, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3819 @cindex TOS, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3820
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3821 Roland Schäuble reports that Emacs 18.58 running on plain TOS and MiNT
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3822 is available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3823 @uref{ftp://atari.archive.umich.edu/Editors/Emacs-18-58/1858b-d3.zoo}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3824
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3825 @node Emacs for the Amiga , Emacs for NeXTSTEP, Emacs for Atari ST, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3826 @section Where can I get Emacs for my Amiga?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3827 @cindex Amiga, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3828
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3829 The files you need are available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3830
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3831 @uref{ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/pub/aminet/util/gnu/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3832
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3833 @email{dgilbert@@gamiga.guelphnet.dweomer.org, David Gilbert} has released a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3834 beta version of Emacs 19.25 for the Amiga. You can get the binary at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3835
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3836 @uref{ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/pub/aminet/util/gnu/a2.0bEmacs-bin.lha}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3837
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3838 @node Emacs for NeXTSTEP, Emacs for Apple computers, Emacs for the Amiga , Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3839 @section Where can I get Emacs for NeXTSTEP?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3840 @cindex NeXTSTEP, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3841
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3842 Emacs.app is a NeXTSTEP version of Emacs 19.34 which supports colors,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3843 menus, and multiple frames. You can get it from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3844
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3845 @uref{ftp://next-ftp.peak.org/pub/next/apps/emacs/Emacs_for_NeXTstep.4.20a1.NIHS.b.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3846
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3847 @node Emacs for Apple computers, Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Emacs for NeXTSTEP, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3848 @section Where can I get Emacs for my Apple computer?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3849 @cindex Apple computers, Emacs for
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3850 @cindex Macintosh, Emacs for
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3851
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3852 An unofficial port of GNU Emacs 18.59 to the Macintosh is available at a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3853 number of ftp sites, the home being
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3854 @uref{ftp://ftp.cs.cornell.edu/pub/parmet/Emacs-1.17.sit.bin}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3855
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3856 A port of Emacs 20.4 is available at
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3857 @uref{http://www.cs.hku.hk/~choi/emacs/index.html}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3858
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3859 Beginning with version 21.1, the Macintosh is supported in the official
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3860 Emacs distribution; see the files @file{mac/README} and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3861 @file{mac/INSTALL} in the Emacs distribution for build instructions.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3862
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3863 Apple's forthcoming "OS X" is based largely on NeXTSTEP and OpenStep.
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3864 @xref{Emacs for NeXTSTEP}, for more details about that version.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3865
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3866 @node Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Modes for various languages, Emacs for Apple computers, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3867 @section Where do I get Emacs that runs on VMS under DECwindows?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3868 @cindex DECwindows, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3869 @cindex VMS, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3870
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3871 Up-to-date information about GNU software (including Emacs) for VMS is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3872 available at @uref{http://vms.gnu.org/}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3873
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3874 @node Modes for various languages, Translating names to IP addresses, Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Finding Emacs and related packages
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3875 @section Where can I get modes for Lex, Yacc/Bison, Bourne shell, csh, C@t{++}, Objective-C, Pascal, Java, and Awk?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3876 @cindex Awk, mode for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3877 @cindex @code{awk-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3878 @cindex Bison, mode for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3879 @cindex Bourne Shell, mode for
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3880 @cindex C@t{++}, mode for
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3881 @cindex Java, mode for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3882 @cindex Lex mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3883 @cindex Objective-C, mode for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3884 @cindex @code{pascal-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3885 @cindex Shell mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3886 @cindex Yacc mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3887 @cindex @file{csh} mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3888 @cindex @code{sh-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3889 @cindex @code{cc-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3890
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3891 Most of these modes are now available in standard Emacs distribution.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3892 To get additional modes, look in the Lisp Code Directory (@pxref{Finding
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3893 a package with particular functionality}). For C@t{++}, if you use
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3894 @code{lisp-dir-apropos}, you must specify the pattern with something
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3895 like @kbd{M-x lisp-dir-apropos @key{RET} c\+\+ @key{RET}}.@footnote{
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3896 The backslashes in @samp{\+\+} are required because @kbd{M-x
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3897 lisp-dir-apropos} expects a regular expression as its argument
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3898 (@pxref{Using regular expressions}), and @samp{+} has a special meaning
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3899 in regular expressions.}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3900
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3901 Barry Warsaw's @code{cc-mode} now works for C, C@t{++}, Objective-C, and
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3902 Java code. You can get the latest version from the Emacs Lisp Archive;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3903 @pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs} for details. A FAQ for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3904 @code{cc-mode} is available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3905 @uref{http://www.python.org/emacs/cc-mode/}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3906
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3907 @node Translating names to IP addresses, , Modes for various languages, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3908 @section What is the IP address of XXX.YYY.ZZZ?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3909 @cindex Translating names to IP addresses
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3910 @cindex IP addresses from names
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3911 @cindex Using BIND to translate addresses
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3912 @cindex DNS and IP addresses
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3913
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3914 If you are on a Unix machine, try using the @samp{nslookup} command,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3915 included in the Berkeley BIND package. For example, to find the IP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3916 address of @samp{ftp.gnu.org}, you would type @code{nslookup
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3917 ftp.gnu.org}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3918
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3919 Your computer should then provide the IP address of that machine.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3920
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3921 If your site's nameserver is deficient, you can use IP addresses to FTP
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3922 files. You can get this information by e-mail:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3923
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3924 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3925 To: dns@@[134.214.84.25] (to grasp.insa-lyon.fr)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3926 Body: ip XXX.YYY.ZZZ (or "help" for more information
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3927 and options - no quotes)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3928 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3929
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3930 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3931 or:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3932
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3933 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3934 To: resolve@@[147.31.254.130] (to laverne.cs.widener.edu)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3935 Body: site XXX.YYY.ZZZ
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3936 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3937
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3938 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3939 @node Major packages and programs, Key bindings, Finding Emacs and related packages, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3940 @chapter Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3941 @cindex Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3942
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3943 @menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3944 * VM::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3945 * Supercite::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3946 * Calc::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3947 * VIPER::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3948 * AUC-TeX::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3949 * BBDB::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3950 * Ispell::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3951 * w3-mode::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3952 * EDB::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3953 * Mailcrypt::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3954 * JDE::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3955 * Patch::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3956 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3957
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3958 @node VM, Supercite, Major packages and programs, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3959 @section VM (View Mail) --- another mail reader within Emacs, with MIME support
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3960 @cindex VM
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3961 @cindex Alternative mail software
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3962 @cindex View Mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3963 @cindex E-mail reader, VM
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3964
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3965 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3966
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3967 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3968 @email{kyle@@uunet.uu.net, Kyle Jones}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3969
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3970 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3971 6.72
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3972
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3973 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3974 @uref{ftp://ftp.wonderworks.com/pub/vm/vm.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3975
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3976 @item Informational newsgroup/mailing list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3977 @uref{news:gnu.emacs.vm.info}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3978 Subscription requests to @email{info-vm-request@@uunet.uu.net}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3979 Submissions to @email{info-vm@@uunet.uu.net}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3980
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3981 @item Bug reports newsgroup/mailing list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3982 @uref{news:gnu.emacs.vm.bug}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3983 Subscription requests to @email{bug-vm-request@@uunet.uu.net}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3984 Submissions to @email{bug-vm@@uunet.uu.net}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3985 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3986
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3987 VM 6 works with Emacs 20.4, and may cause problems with Emacs 20.3 and
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3988 below. (But note that many people seem to use Emacs 20.3 with VM 6,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3989 without any problems.) Risk-averse users might wish to try VM 5.97,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3990 available from @uref{ftp://ftp.wonderworks.com/pub/vm/, the same FTP
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3991 site}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3992
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3993 @node Supercite, Calc, VM, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3994 @section Supercite --- mail and news citation package within Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3995 @cindex Supercite
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3996 @cindex Superyank
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3997 @cindex Mail and news citations
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3998 @cindex News and mail citations
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3999 @cindex Citations in mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4000
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4001 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4002
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4003 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4004 @email{bwarsaw@@cen.com, Barry Warsaw}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4005
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4006 @item Latest version
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4007 3.54 (comes bundled with Emacs 20)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4008
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4009 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4010 @uref{http://www.python.org/emacs/supercite.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4011
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4012 @item Mailing list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4013 Subscription requests to @email{supercite-request@@python.org}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4014 Submissions @email{supercite@@python.org}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4015
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4016 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4017
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4018 Superyank is an old version of Supercite.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4019
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4020 @node Calc, VIPER, Supercite, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4021 @section Calc --- poor man's Mathematica within Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4022 @cindex Programmable calculator
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4023 @cindex Calc
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4024 @cindex Mathematical package
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4025
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4026 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4027
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4028 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4029 @email{daveg@@csvax.cs.caltech.edu, Dave Gillespie}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4030
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4031 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4032 2.02f
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4033
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4034 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4035 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/calc/calc-2.02f.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4036
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4037 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4038
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4039 Note that Calc 2.02f needs patching to work with Emacs 21 and later.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4040
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4041 @cindex @code{calculator}, a package
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4042 Emacs 21.1 and later comes with a package called @file{calculator.el}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4043 It doesn't support all the mathematical wizardry offered by Calc, such
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4044 as matrices, special functions, and statistics, but is more than
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4045 adequate as a replacement for @code{xcalc} and similar programs.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4046
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4047 @node VIPER, AUC-TeX, Calc, Major packages and programs
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4048 @section VIPER --- @code{vi} emulation for Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4049 @cindex @code{vi} emulation
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4050 @cindex VIPER
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4051 @cindex Emulation of @code{vi}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4052
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4053 Since Emacs 19.29, the preferred @code{vi} emulation in Emacs is VIPER
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4054 (@kbd{M-x viper-mode @key{RET}}), which comes with Emacs. It extends
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4055 and supersedes VIP (including VIP 4.3) and provides @code{vi} emulation
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4056 at several levels, from one that closely follows @code{vi} to one that
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4057 departs from @code{vi} in several significant ways.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4058
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4059 For Emacs 19.28 and earlier, the following version of VIP is generally
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4060 better than the one distributed with Emacs:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4061
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4062 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4063 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4064 @email{sane@@cs.uiuc.edu, Aamod Sane}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4065
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4066 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4067 4.3
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4068
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4069 @item Distribution
48785
08b94ecd1d08 Fix URLs.
Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz>
parents: 47737
diff changeset
4070 @uref{ftp://archive.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/emacs-lisp/old-archive/modes/vip-mode.tar.Z}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4071
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4072 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4073
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4074 @node AUC-TeX, BBDB, VIPER, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4075 @section AUC TeX --- enhanced LaTeX mode with debugging facilities
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4076 @cindex Mode for @TeX{}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4077 @cindex @TeX{} mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4078 @cindex AUC-TeX mode for editing @TeX{}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4079 @cindex Writing and debugging @TeX{}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4080
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4081 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4082
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4083 @item Authors
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4084 @email{krab@@iesd.auc.dk, Kresten Krab Thorup} and@*
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4085 @email{abraham@@dina.kvl.dk, Per Abrahamsen}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4086
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4087 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4088 9.9p
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4089
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4090 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4091 @uref{ftp://sunsite.auc.dk/packages/auctex/auctex.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4092
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4093 @item Web site
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4094 @uref{http://sunsite.auc.dk/auctex/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4095
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4096 @item Mailing list:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4097 Subscription requests to @email{auc-tex-request@@iesd.auc.dk}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4098 Submissions to @email{auc-tex@@iesd.auc.dk}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4099 Development team is at @email{auc-tex_mgr@@iesd.auc.dk}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4100
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4101 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4102
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4103 @node BBDB, Ispell, AUC-TeX, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4104 @section BBDB --- personal Info Rolodex integrated with mail/news readers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4105 @cindex BBDB
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4106 @cindex Rolodex-like functionality
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4107 @cindex Integrated contact database
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4108 @cindex Contact database
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4109 @cindex Big Brother Database
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4110 @cindex Address book
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4111
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4112 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4113
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4114 @item Maintainer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4115 @email{simmonmt@@acm.org, Matt Simmons}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4116
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4117 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4118 2.00
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4119
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4120 @item Distribution
48785
08b94ecd1d08 Fix URLs.
Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz>
parents: 47737
diff changeset
4121 @uref{http://bbdb.sf.net/}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4122
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4123 @item Mailing lists
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4124 Subscription requests to @email{info-bbdb-request@@xemacs.org}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4125 Submissions to @email{info-bbdb@@xemacs.org}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4126 Release announcements: @email{bbdb-announce-request@@xemacs.org}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4127
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4128 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4129
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4130 @node Ispell, w3-mode, BBDB, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4131 @section Ispell --- spell checker in C with interface for Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4132 @cindex Spell-checker
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4133 @cindex Checking spelling
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4134 @cindex Ispell
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4135
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4136 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4137
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4138 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4139 @email{geoff@@itcorp.com, Geoff Kuenning}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4140
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4141 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4142 3.1.20
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4143
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4144 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4145 @uref{ftp://ftp.cs.ucla.edu/pub/ispell/ispell-3.1.20.tar.gz}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4146
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4147 @item Web site
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4148 @uref{http://fmg-www.cs.ucla.edu/geoff/ispell.html}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4149
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4150 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4151
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4152 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4153
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4154 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4155 Do not ask Geoff to send you the latest version of Ispell. He does not
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4156 have free e-mail.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4157
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4158 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4159 This Ispell program is distinct from GNU Ispell 4.0. GNU Ispell 4.0 is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4160 no longer a supported product.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4161
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4162 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4163
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4164 @node w3-mode, EDB, Ispell, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4165 @section w3-mode --- A World Wide Web browser inside of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4166 @cindex WWW browser
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4167 @cindex Web browser
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4168 @cindex HTML browser in Emacs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4169 @cindex @code{w3-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4170
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4171 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4172
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4173 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4174 @email{wmperry@@spry.com, Bill Perry}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4175
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4176 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4177 4.0pre.39
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4178
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4179 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4180 @uref{ftp://ftp.cs.indiana.edu/pub/elisp/w3/w3.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4181
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4182 @item Mailing lists
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4183 Receive announcements from @email{w3-announce-request@@indiana.edu}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4184 Become a beta tester at @email{w3-beta-request@@indiana.edu}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4185 Help to develop @code{w3-mode} at @email{w3-dev@@indiana.edu}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4186
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4187 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4188
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4189 @node EDB, Mailcrypt, w3-mode, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4190 @section EDB --- Database program for Emacs; replaces forms editing modes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4191 @cindex EDB
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4192 @cindex Database
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4193 @cindex Forms mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4194
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4195 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4196 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4197 @email{mernst@@theory.lcs.mit.edu, Michael Ernst}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4198
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4199 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4200 1.21
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4201
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4202 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4203 @uref{ftp://theory.lcs.mit.edu/pub/emacs/edb}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4204
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4205 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4206
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4207 @node Mailcrypt, JDE, EDB, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4208 @section Mailcrypt --- PGP interface within Emacs mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4209 @cindex PGP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4210 @cindex GPG
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4211 @cindex Interface to PGP from Emacs mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4212 @cindex News, interface to PGP from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4213 @cindex Mail, interface to PGP from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4214 @cindex Encryption software, interface to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4215
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4216 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4217
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4218 @item Authors
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4219 @email{patl@@lcs.mit.edu, Patrick J. LoPresti} and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4220 @email{jin@@atype.com, Jin S. Choi}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4221
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4222 @item Maintainer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4223 @email{lbudney@@pobox.com, Len Budney}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4224
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4225 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4226 3.5.3
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4227
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4228 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4229 @uref{http://www.nb.net/~lbudney/linux/software/mailcrypt/mailcrypt-3.5.3.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4230
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4231 @item Web site
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4232 @uref{http://www.nb.net/~lbudney/linux/software/mailcrypt.html}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4233
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4234 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4235
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4236 @node JDE, Patch, Mailcrypt, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4237 @section JDE --- Integrated development environment for Java
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4238 @cindex Java development environment
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4239 @cindex Integrated Java development environment
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4240 @cindex JDE
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4241
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4242 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4243
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4244 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4245 @email{paulk@@mathworks.com, Paul Kinnucan}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4246
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4247 @item Mailing list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4248 jde-subscribe@@sunsite.auc.dk
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4249
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4250 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4251 2.1.1
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4252
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4253 @item Web site
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4254 @uref{http://sunsite.auc.dk/jde/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4255
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4256 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4257
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4258 @node Patch, , JDE, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4259 @section Patch --- program to apply "diffs" for updating files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4260 @cindex Updating files with diffs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4261 @cindex Patching source files with diffs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4262 @cindex Diffs and patching
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4263 @cindex @file{patch}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4264
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4265 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4266
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4267 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4268 @email{lwall@@wall.org, Larry Wall} (with GNU modifications)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4269
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4270 @item Latest version
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4271 2.5.4
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4272
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4273 @item Distribution
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
4274 @xref{Current GNU distributions}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4275
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4276 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4277
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4278 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4279 @node Key bindings, Alternate character sets, Major packages and programs, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4280 @chapter Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4281 @cindex Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4282
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4283 @menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4284 * Binding keys to commands::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4285 * Invalid prefix characters::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4286 * Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4287 * Using function keys under X::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4288 * Working with function and arrow keys::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4289 * X key translations for Emacs::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4290 * Handling C-s and C-q with flow control::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4291 * Binding C-s and C-q::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4292 * Backspace invokes help::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4293 * stty and Backspace key::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4294 * Swapping keys::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4295 * Producing C-XXX with the keyboard::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4296 * No Meta key::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4297 * No Escape key::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4298 * Compose Character::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4299 * Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4300 * Meta key does not work in xterm::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4301 * ExtendChar key does not work as Meta::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4302 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4303
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4304 @node Binding keys to commands, Invalid prefix characters, Key bindings, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4305 @section How do I bind keys (including function keys) to commands?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4306 @cindex Binding keys to commands
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4307 @cindex Keys, binding to commands
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4308 @cindex Commands, binding keys to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4309
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4310 Keys can be bound to commands either interactively or in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4311 @file{.emacs} file. To interactively bind keys for all modes, type
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4312 @kbd{M-x global-set-key @key{RET} @var{key} @var{cmd} @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4313
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4314 To bind a key just in the current major mode, type @kbd{M-x
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4315 local-set-key @key{RET} @var{key} @var{cmd} @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4316
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4317 @inforef{Key Bindings, Key Bindings, emacs}, for further details.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4318
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4319 To make the process of binding keys interactively eaiser, use the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4320 following ``trick'': First bind the key interactively, then immediately
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4321 type @kbd{C-x @key{ESC} @key{ESC} C-a C-k C-g}. Now, the command needed
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4322 to bind the key is in the kill ring, and can be yanked into your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4323 @file{.emacs} file. If the key binding is global, no changes to the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4324 command are required. For example,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4325
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4326 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4327 (global-set-key (quote [f1]) (quote help-for-help))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4328 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4329
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4330 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4331 can be placed directly into the @file{.emacs} file. If the key binding is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4332 local, the command is used in conjunction with the "add-hook" command.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4333 For example, in tex-mode, a local binding might be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4334
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4335 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4336 (add-hook 'tex-mode-hook
28344
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4337 (lambda ()
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4338 (local-set-key (quote [f1]) (quote help-for-help))))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4339 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4340
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4341
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4342 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4343
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4344 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4345 Control characters in key sequences, in the form yanked from the kill
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4346 ring are given in their graphic form---i.e., @key{CTRL} is shown as
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4347 @samp{^}, @key{TAB} as a set of spaces (usually 8), etc. You may want
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4348 to convert these into their vector or string forms.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4349
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4350 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4351 If a prefix key of the character sequence to be bound is already
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4352 bound as a complete key, then you must unbind it before the new
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4353 binding. For example, if @kbd{ESC @{} is previously bound:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4354
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4355 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4356 (global-unset-key [?\e ?@{]) ;; or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4357 (local-unset-key [?\e ?@{])
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4358 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4359
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4360 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4361 Aside from commands and ``lambda lists,'' a vector or string also
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4362 can be bound to a key and thus treated as a macro. For example:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4363
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4364 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4365 (global-set-key [f10] [?\C-x?\e?\e?\C-a?\C-k?\C-g]) ;; or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4366 (global-set-key [f10] "\C-x\e\e\C-a\C-k\C-g")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4367 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4368
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4369 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4370
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4371 @node Invalid prefix characters, Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun, Binding keys to commands, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4372 @section Why does Emacs say "Key sequence XXX uses invalid prefix characters"?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4373 @cindex Prefix characters, invalid
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4374 @cindex Invalid prefix characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4375 @cindex Misspecified key sequences
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4376
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4377 Usually, one of two things has happened. In one case, the control
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4378 character in the key sequence has been misspecified (e.g. @samp{C-f}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4379 used instead of @samp{\C-f} within a Lisp expression). In the other
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4380 case, a @dfn{prefix key} in the keystroke sequence you were trying to bind
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4381 was already bound as a @dfn{complete key}. Historically, the @samp{ESC [}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4382 prefix was usually the problem, in which case you should evaluate either
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4383 of these forms before attempting to bind the key sequence:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4384
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4385 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4386 (global-unset-key [?\e ?[]) ;; or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4387 (global-unset-key "\e[")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4388 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4389
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4390 @node Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun, Using function keys under X, Invalid prefix characters, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4391 @section Why doesn't this [terminal or window-system setup] code work in my @file{.emacs} file, but it works just fine after Emacs starts up?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4392 @cindex Terminal setup code in @file{.emacs}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4393
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4394 During startup, Emacs initializes itself according to a given code/file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4395 order. If some of the code executed in your @file{.emacs} file needs to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4396 be postponed until the initial terminal or window-system setup code has
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4397 been executed but is not, then you will experience this problem (this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4398 code/file execution order is not enforced after startup).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4399
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4400 To postpone the execution of Emacs Lisp code until after terminal or
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4401 window-system setup, treat the code as a @dfn{lambda list} and set the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4402 value of either the @code{term-setup-hook} or @code{window-setup-hook}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4403 variable to this lambda function. For example,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4404
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4405 @lisp
28344
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4406 (add-hook 'term-setup-hook
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4407 (lambda ()
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4408 (when (string-match "\\`vt220" (or (getenv "TERM") ""))
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4409 ;; Make vt220's "Do" key behave like M-x:
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4410 (global-set-key [do] 'execute-extended-command))))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4411 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4412
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4413 For information on what Emacs does every time it is started, see the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4414 @file{lisp/startup.el} file.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4415
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4416 @node Using function keys under X, Working with function and arrow keys, Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun, Key bindings
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
4417 @section How do I use function keys under X?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4418 @cindex Function keys
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
4419 @cindex X Window System and function keys
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4420 @cindex Binding function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4421
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
4422 With Emacs 19, functions keys under X are bound like any other key. @xref{Binding keys to commands}, for details.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4423
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4424 @node Working with function and arrow keys, X key translations for Emacs, Using function keys under X, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4425 @section How do I tell what characters or symbols my function or arrow keys emit?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4426 @cindex Working with arrow keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4427 @cindex Arrow keys, symbols generated by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4428 @cindex Working with function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4429 @cindex Function keys, symbols generated by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4430 @cindex Symbols generated by function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4431
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4432 Type @kbd{C-h c} then the function or arrow keys. The command will
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4433 return either a function key symbol or character sequence (see the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4434 Emacs on-line documentation for an explanation). This works for other
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4435 keys as well.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4436
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4437 @node X key translations for Emacs, Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Working with function and arrow keys, Key bindings
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4438 @section How do I set the X key ``translations'' for Emacs?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4439 @cindex X key translations
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4440 @cindex Key translations under X
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4441 @cindex Translations for keys under X
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4442
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4443 Emacs is not written using the Xt library by default, so there are no
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4444 ``translations'' to be set. (We aren't sure how to set such translations
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4445 if you do build Emacs with Xt; please let us know if you've done this!)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4446
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4447 The only way to affect the behavior of keys within Emacs is through
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4448 @code{xmodmap} (outside Emacs) or @code{define-key} (inside Emacs). The
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4449 @code{define-key} command should be used in conjunction with the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4450 @code{function-key-map} map. For instance,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4451
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4452 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4453 (define-key function-key-map [M-@key{TAB}] [?\M-\t])
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4454 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4455
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4456 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4457 defines the @kbd{M-@key{TAB}} key sequence.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4458
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4459 @node Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q, X key translations for Emacs, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4460 @section How do I handle @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} being used for flow control?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4461 @cindex Flow control, @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4462 @cindex @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} with flow control
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4463
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4464 @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} are used in the XON/XOFF flow control protocol.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4465 This messes things up when you're using Emacs over a serial line,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4466 because Emacs binds these keys to commands by default. Because Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4467 won't honor them as flow control characters, too many of these
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4468 characters are not passed on and overwhelm output buffers. Sometimes,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4469 intermediate software using XON/XOFF flow control will prevent Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4470 from ever seeing @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4471
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4472 Possible solutions:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4473
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4474 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4475
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4476 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4477 Disable the use of @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} for flow control.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4478
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4479 You need to determine the cause of the flow control.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4480
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4481 @itemize @minus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4482
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4483 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4484 your terminal
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4485
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4486 Your terminal may use XON/XOFF flow control to have time to display
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4487 all the characters it receives. For example, VT series terminals do
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4488 this. It may be possible to turn this off from a setup menu. For
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4489 example, on a VT220 you may select ``No XOFF'' in the setup menu. This
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4490 is also true for some terminal emulation programs on PCs.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4491
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4492 When you turn off flow control at the terminal, you will also need to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4493 turn it off at the other end, which might be at the computer you are
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4494 logged in to or at some terminal server in between.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4495
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4496 If you turn off flow control, characters may be lost; using a printer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4497 connected to the terminal may fail. You may be able to get around
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4498 this problem by modifying the @samp{termcap} entry for your terminal to
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4499 include extra NUL padding characters.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4500
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4501 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4502 a modem
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4503
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4504 If you are using a dialup connection, the modems may be using
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4505 XON/XOFF flow control. It's not clear how to get around this.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4506
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4507 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4508 a router or terminal server
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4509
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4510 Some network box between the terminal and your computer may be using
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4511 XON/XOFF flow control. It may be possible to make it use some other
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4512 kind of flow control. You will probably have to ask your local
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4513 network experts for help with this.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4514
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4515 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4516 @code{tty} and/or @code{pty} devices
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4517
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4518 If your connection to Emacs goes through multiple @code{tty} and/or
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4519 @code{pty} devices, they may be using XON/XOFF flow control even when it
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4520 is not necessary.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4521
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4522 @email{eirik@@theory.tn.cornell.edu, Eirik Fuller} writes:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4523
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4524 @quotation
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4525 Some versions of @code{rlogin} (and possibly @code{telnet}) do not pass
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4526 flow control characters to the remote system to which they connect. On
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4527 such systems, Emacs on the remote system cannot disable flow control on
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4528 the local system. Sometimes @samp{rlogin -8} will avoid this problem.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4529
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4530 One way to cure this is to disable flow control on the local host (the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4531 one running @code{rlogin}, not the one running @code{rlogind}) using the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4532 @code{stty} command, before starting the @code{rlogin} process. On many
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4533 systems, @samp{stty start u stop u} will do this.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4534
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4535 Some versions of @samp{tcsh} will prevent even this from working. One
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4536 way around this is to start another shell before starting rlogin,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4537 and issue the @samp{stty} command to disable flow control from that shell.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4538 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4539
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4540 Use @samp{stty -ixon} instead of @samp{stty start u stop u} on some systems.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4541
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4542 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4543
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4544 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4545 Make Emacs speak the XON/XOFF flow control protocol.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4546
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4547 You can make Emacs treat @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} as flow control characters by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4548 evaluating the form
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4549
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4550 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4551 (enable-flow-control)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4552 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4553
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4554 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4555 to unconditionally enable flow control or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4556
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4557 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4558 (enable-flow-control-on "vt100" "h19")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4559 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4560
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4561 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4562 (using your terminal names instead of @samp{vt100} or @samp{h19}) to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4563 enable selectively. These commands will automatically swap @kbd{C-s}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4564 and @kbd{C-q} to @kbd{C-\} and @kbd{C-^}. Variables can be used to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4565 change the default swap keys (@code{flow-control-c-s-replacement} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4566 @code{flow-control-c-q-replacement}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4567
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4568 If you are fixing this for yourself, simply put the form in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4569 @file{.emacs} file. If you are fixing this for your entire site, the
37597
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4570 best place to put it is in the @file{site-lisp/site-start.el} file.
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4571 (Here @file{site-lisp} is actually a subdirectory of your Emacs
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4572 installation directory, typically @file{/usr/local/share/emacs}.)
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4573 Putting this form in @file{site-lisp/default.el} has the problem that
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4574 if the user's @file{.emacs} file has an error, this will prevent
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4575 @file{default.el} from being loaded and Emacs may be unusable for the
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4576 user, even for correcting their @file{.emacs} file (unless they're
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4577 smart enough to move it to another name).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4578
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4579 @code{enable-flow-control} can be invoked interactively as well:
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4580 @kbd{M-x enable-flow-control @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4581
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4582 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4583
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4584 For further discussion of this issue, read the file @file{etc/PROBLEMS}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4585 (in the Emacs source directory when you unpack the Emacs distribution).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4586
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4587 @node Binding C-s and C-q, Backspace invokes help, Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4588 @section How do I bind @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} (or any key) if these keys are filtered out?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4589 @cindex Binding @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4590 @cindex @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}, binding
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4591
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4592 To bind @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}, use either @code{enable-flow-control}
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4593 or @code{enable-flow-control-on}. @xref{Handling C-s and C-q with flow
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
4594 control}, for usage and implementation details.
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
4595
37597
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4596 To bind other keys, use @code{keyboard-translate}. @xref{Swapping
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4597 keys}, for usage details. To do this for an entire site, you should
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4598 swap the keys in @file{site-lisp/site-start.el}. @xref{Handling C-s
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4599 and C-q with flow control}, for an explanation of why
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4600 @file{site-lisp/default.el} should not be used.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4601
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4602 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4603
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4604 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4605 If you do this for an entire site, the users will be confused by
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4606 the disparity between what the documentation says and how Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4607 actually behaves.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4608
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4609 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4610
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4611 @node Backspace invokes help, stty and Backspace key, Binding C-s and C-q, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4612 @section Why does the @key{Backspace} key invoke help?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4613 @cindex Backspace key invokes help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4614 @cindex Help invoked by Backspace
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4615 @cindex DEL key does not delete
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4616
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4617 The @key{Backspace} key (on most keyboards) generates ASCII code 8.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4618 @kbd{C-h} sends the same code. In Emacs by default @kbd{C-h} invokes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4619 help-command. This is intended to be easy to remember since the first
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4620 letter of @samp{help} is @samp{h}. The easiest solution to this problem
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4621 is to use @kbd{C-h} (and @key{Backspace}) for help and @key{DEL} (the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4622 @key{Delete} key) for deleting the previous character.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4623
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4624 For many people this solution may be problematic:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4625
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4626 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4627
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4628 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4629 They normally use @key{Backspace} outside of Emacs for deleting the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4630 previous character. This can be solved by making @key{DEL} the command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4631 for deleting the previous character outside of Emacs. On many Unix
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4632 systems, this command will remap @key{DEL}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4633
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4634 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4635 stty erase `^?'
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4636 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4637
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4638 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4639 The user may prefer the @key{Backspace} key for deleting the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4640 previous character because it is more conveniently located on their
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4641 keyboard or because they don't even have a separate @key{Delete} key.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4642 In this case, the @key{Backspace} key should be made to behave like
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4643 @key{Delete}. There are several methods.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4644
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4645 @itemize @minus
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4646 @item
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4647 Some terminals (e.g., VT3## terminals) and terminal emulators (e.g.,
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4648 TeraTerm) allow the character generated by the @key{Backspace} key to be
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4649 changed from a setup menu.
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4650
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4651 @item
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4652 You may be able to get a keyboard that is completely programmable, or a
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4653 terminal emulator that supports remapping of any key to any other key.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4654
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4655 @item
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4656 With Emacs 21.1 and later, you can control the effect of the
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4657 @key{Backspace} and @key{Delete} keys, on both dumb terminals and a
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4658 windowed displays, by customizing the option
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4659 @code{normal-erase-is-backspace-mode}, or by invoking @kbd{M-x
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4660 normal-erase-is-backspace}. See the documentation of these symbols
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4661 (@pxref{Emacs Lisp documentation}) for more info.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4662
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4663 @item
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4664 It is possible to swap the @key{Backspace} and @key{DEL} keys inside
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4665 Emacs:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4666
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4667 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4668 (keyboard-translate ?\C-h ?\C-?)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4669 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4670
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4671 @noindent
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4672 This is the recommended method of forcing @key{Backspace} to act as
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4673 @key{DEL}, because it works even in modes which bind @key{DEL} to
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4674 something other than @code{delete-backward-char}.
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4675
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4676 Similarly, you could remap @key{DEL} to act as @kbd{C-d}, which by
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4677 default deletes forward:
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4678
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4679 @lisp
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4680 (keyboard-translate ?\C-? ?\C-d)
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4681 @end lisp
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4682
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4683 @xref{Swapping keys}, for further details about @code{keyboard-translate}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4684
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4685 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4686 Another approach is to switch key bindings and put help on @kbd{C-x h}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4687 instead:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4688
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4689 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4690 (global-set-key "\C-h" 'delete-backward-char)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4691
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4692 ;;; overrides mark-whole-buffer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4693 (global-set-key "\C-xh" 'help-command)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4694 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4695
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4696 @noindent
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4697 This method is not recommended, though: it only solves the problem for
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4698 those modes which bind @key{DEL} to @code{delete-backward-char}. Modes
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4699 which bind @key{DEL} to something else, such as @code{view-mode}, will
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4700 not work as you expect when you press the @key{Backspace} key. For this
42674
19880a4faa73 Fix typo.
Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz>
parents: 40705
diff changeset
4701 reason, we recommend the @code{keyboard-translate} method, shown
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4702 above.
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4703
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4704 Other popular key bindings for help are @kbd{M-?} and @kbd{C-x ?}.
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4705 @end itemize
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4706
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4707 Don't try to bind @key{DEL} to @code{help-command}, because there are
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4708 many modes that have local bindings of @key{DEL} that will interfere.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4709
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4710 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4711
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4712 When Emacs 21 or later runs on a windowed display, it binds the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4713 @key{Delete} key to a command which deletes the character at point, to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4714 make Emacs more consistent with keyboard operation on these systems.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4715
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4716 For more information about troubleshooting this problem, see @ref{DEL
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4717 Does Not Delete, , If @key{DEL} Fails to Delete, emacs, The GNU Emacs
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4718 Manual}.
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4719
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4720 @node stty and Backspace key, Swapping keys, Backspace invokes help, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4721 @section Why doesn't Emacs look at the @file{stty} settings for @key{Backspace} vs. @key{Delete}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4722 @cindex @file{stty} and Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4723 @cindex Backspace and @file{stty}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4724 @cindex Delete and @file{stty}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4725
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4726 Good question!
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4727
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4728 @c FIXME: RMS explained the reasons for this on emacs-hackers. It's
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4729 @c probably worth putting that explanation here.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4730
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4731 @node Swapping keys, Producing C-XXX with the keyboard, stty and Backspace key, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4732 @section How do I swap two keys?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4733 @cindex Swapping keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4734 @cindex Keys, swapping
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4735 @cindex @code{keyboard-translate}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4736
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4737 In Emacs 19, you can swap two keys (or key sequences) by using the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4738 @code{keyboard-translate} function. For example, to turn @kbd{C-h} into
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4739 @key{DEL} and @key{DEL} to @kbd{C-h}, use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4740
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4741 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4742 (keyboard-translate ?\C-h ?\C-?) ; translate `C-h' to DEL
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4743 (keyboard-translate ?\C-? ?\C-h) ; translate DEL to `C-h'.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4744 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4745
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4746 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4747 The first key sequence of the pair after the function identifies what is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4748 produced by the keyboard; the second, what is matched for in the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4749 keymaps.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4750
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4751 Keyboard translations are not the same as key bindings in keymaps.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4752 Emacs contains numerous keymaps that apply in different situations, but
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4753 there is only one set of keyboard translations, and it applies to every
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4754 character that Emacs reads from the terminal. Keyboard translations
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4755 take place at the lowest level of input processing; the keys that are
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4756 looked up in keymaps contain the characters that result from keyboard
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4757 translation.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4758
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4759 @inforef{Keyboard Translations, Keyboard Translations, emacs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4760
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4761 @node Producing C-XXX with the keyboard, No Meta key, Swapping keys, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4762 @section How do I produce C-XXX with my keyboard?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4763 @cindex Producing control characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4764 @cindex Generating control characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4765 @cindex Control characters, generating
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4766
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4767 On terminals (but not under X), some common "aliases" are:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4768
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4769 @table @asis
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4770
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4771 @item @kbd{C-2} or @kbd{C-@key{SPC}}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4772 @kbd{C-@@}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4773
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4774 @item @kbd{C-6}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4775 @kbd{C-^}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4776
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4777 @item @kbd{C-7} or @kbd{C-S--}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4778 @kbd{C-_}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4779
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4780 @item @kbd{C-4}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4781 @kbd{C-\}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4782
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4783 @item @kbd{C-5}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4784 @kbd{C-]}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4785
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4786 @item @kbd{C-/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4787 @kbd{C-?}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4788
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4789 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4790
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4791 Often other aliases exist; use the @kbd{C-h c} command and try
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4792 @key{CTRL} with all of the digits on your keyboard to see what gets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4793 generated. You can also try the @kbd{C-h w} command if you know the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4794 name of the command.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4795
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4796 @node No Meta key, No Escape key, Producing C-XXX with the keyboard, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4797 @section What if I don't have a @key{Meta} key?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4798 @cindex No @key{Meta} key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4799 @cindex @key{Meta} key, what to do if you lack it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4800
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4801 On many keyboards, the @key{Alt} key acts as @key{Meta}, so try it.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4802
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4803 Instead of typing @kbd{M-a}, you can type @kbd{@key{ESC} a}. In fact,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4804 Emacs converts @kbd{M-a} internally into @kbd{@key{ESC} a} anyway
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4805 (depending on the value of @code{meta-prefix-char}). Note that you
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4806 press @key{Meta} and @key{a} together, but with @key{ESC}, you press
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4807 @key{ESC}, release it, and then press @key{a}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4808
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4809 @node No Escape key, Compose Character, No Meta key, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4810 @section What if I don't have an @key{Escape} key?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4811 @cindex No Escape key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4812 @cindex Lacking an Escape key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4813 @cindex Escape key, lacking
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4814
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4815 Type @kbd{C-[} instead. This should send ASCII code 27 just like an
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4816 Escape key would. @kbd{C-3} may also work on some terminal (but not
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4817 under X). For many terminals (notably DEC terminals) @key{F11}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4818 generates @key{ESC}. If not, the following form can be used to bind it:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4819
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4820 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4821 ;;; F11 is the documented ESC replacement on DEC terminals.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4822 (define-key function-key-map [f11] [?\e])
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4823 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4824
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4825 @node Compose Character, Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys, No Escape key, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4826 @section Can I make my @key{Compose Character} key behave like a @key{Meta} key?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4827 @cindex @key{Compose Character} key, using as @key{Meta}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4828 @cindex @key{Meta}, using @key{Compose Character} for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4829
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4830 On a dumb terminal such as a VT220, no. It is rumored that certain
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4831 VT220 clones could have their @key{Compose} key configured this way. If
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4832 you're using X, you might be able to do this with the @code{xmodmap}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4833 command.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4834
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4835 @node Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys, Meta key does not work in xterm, Compose Character, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4836 @section How do I bind a combination of modifier key and function key?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4837 @cindex Modifiers and function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4838 @cindex Function keys and modifiers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4839 @cindex Binding modifiers and function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4840
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4841 With Emacs 19 and later, you can represent modified function keys in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4842 vector format by adding prefixes to the function key symbol. For
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4843 example (from the on-line documentation):
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4844
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4845 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4846 (global-set-key [?\C-x right] 'forward-page)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4847 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4848
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4849 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4850 where @samp{?\C-x} is the Lisp character constant for the character @kbd{C-x}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4851
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4852 You can use the modifier keys @key{Control}, @key{Meta}, @key{Hyper},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4853 @key{Super}, @key{Alt}, and @key{Shift} with function keys. To
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4854 represent these modifiers, prepend the strings @samp{C-}, @samp{M-},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4855 @samp{H-}, @samp{s-}, @samp{A-}, and @samp{S-} to the symbol name. Here
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4856 is how to make @kbd{H-M-RIGHT} move forward a word:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4857
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4858 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4859 (global-set-key [H-M-right] 'forward-word)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4860 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4861
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4862 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4863
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4864 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4865 Not all modifiers are permitted in all situations. @key{Hyper},
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4866 @key{Super}, and @key{Alt} are not available on Unix character
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4867 terminals. Non-ASCII keys and mouse events (e.g. @kbd{C-=} and
36515
9df3f07f2643 Fix case convention for mouse click.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36383
diff changeset
4868 @kbd{Mouse-1}) also fall under this category.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4869
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4870 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4871
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
4872 @xref{Binding keys to commands}, for general key binding instructions.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4873
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4874 @node Meta key does not work in xterm, ExtendChar key does not work as Meta, Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys, Key bindings
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4875 @section Why doesn't my @key{Meta} key work in an @code{xterm} window?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4876 @cindex @key{Meta} key and @code{xterm}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4877 @cindex Xterm and @key{Meta} key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4878
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4879 @inforef{Single-Byte Character Support, Single-Byte Character Set
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4880 Support, emacs}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4881
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4882 If the advice in the Emacs manual fails, try all of these methods before
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4883 asking for further help:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4884
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4885 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4886
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4887 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4888 You may have big problems using @code{mwm} as your window manager.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4889 (Does anyone know a good generic solution to allow the use of the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4890 @key{Meta} key in Emacs with @file{mwm}?)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4891
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4892 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4893 For X11: Make sure it really is a @key{Meta} key. Use @code{xev} to
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4894 find out what keysym your @key{Meta} key generates. It should be either
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
4895 @code{Meta_L} or @code{Meta_R}. If it isn't, use @file{xmodmap} to fix
39551
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4896 the situation. If @key{Meta} does generate @code{Meta_L} or
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4897 @code{Meta_R}, but @kbd{M-x} produces a non-ASCII character, put this in
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4898 your @file{~/.Xdefaults} file:
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4899
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4900 @example
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4901 XTerm*eightBitInput: false
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4902 XTerm*eightBitOutput: true
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4903 @end example
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4904
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4905 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4906 Make sure the @code{pty} the @code{xterm} is using is passing 8 bit
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4907 characters. @samp{stty -a} (or @samp{stty everything}) should show
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4908 @samp{cs8} somewhere. If it shows @samp{cs7} instead, use @samp{stty
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4909 cs8 -istrip} (or @samp{stty pass8}) to fix it.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4910
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4911 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4912 If there is an @code{rlogin} connection between @code{xterm} and Emacs, the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4913 @samp{-8} argument may need to be given to rlogin to make it pass all 8 bits
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4914 of every character.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4915
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4916 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4917 If Emacs is running on Ultrix, it is reported that evaluating
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4918 @code{(set-input-mode t nil)} helps.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4919
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4920 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4921 If all else fails, you can make @code{xterm} generate @kbd{@key{ESC} W} when
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4922 you type @kbd{M-W}, which is the same conversion Emacs would make if it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4923 got the @kbd{M-W} anyway. In X11R4, the following resource
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4924 specification will do this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4925
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4926 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4927 XTerm.VT100.EightBitInput: false
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4928 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4929
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4930 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4931 (This changes the behavior of the @code{insert-eight-bit} action.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4932
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4933 With older @code{xterm}s, you can specify this behavior with a translation:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4934
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4935 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4936 XTerm.VT100.Translations: #override \
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4937 Meta<KeyPress>: string(0x1b) insert()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4938 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4939
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4940 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4941 You might have to replace @samp{Meta} with @samp{Alt}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4942
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4943 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4944
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4945 @node ExtendChar key does not work as Meta, , Meta key does not work in xterm, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4946 @section Why doesn't my @key{ExtendChar} key work as a @key{Meta} key under HP-UX 8.0 and 9.x?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4947 @cindex @key{ExtendChar} key as @key{Meta}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4948 @cindex @key{Meta}, using @key{ExtendChar} for
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4949 @cindex HP-UX, the @key{ExtendChar} key
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4950
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4951 This is a result of an internationalization extension in X11R4 and the
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4952 fact that HP is now using this extension. Emacs assumes that the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4953 @code{XLookupString} function returns the same result regardless of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4954 @key{Meta} key state which is no longer necessarily true. Until Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4955 is fixed, the temporary kludge is to run this command after each time
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4956 the X server is started but preferably before any xterm clients are:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4957
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4958 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4959 xmodmap -e 'remove mod1 = Mode_switch'
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4960 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4961
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4962 @c FIXME: Emacs 21 supports I18N in X11; does that mean that this bug is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4963 @c solved?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4964
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4965 This will disable the use of the extra keysyms systemwide, which may be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4966 undesirable if you actually intend to use them.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4967
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4968 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4969 @node Alternate character sets, Mail and news, Key bindings, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4970 @chapter Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4971 @cindex Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4972
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4973 @menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4974 * Emacs does not display 8-bit characters::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4975 * Inputting eight-bit characters::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4976 * Kanji and Chinese characters::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4977 * Right-to-left alphabets::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4978 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4979
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4980 @node Emacs does not display 8-bit characters, Inputting eight-bit characters, Alternate character sets, Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4981 @section How do I make Emacs display 8-bit characters?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4982 @cindex Displaying eight-bit characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4983 @cindex Eight-bit characters, displaying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4984
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4985 @inforef{Single-Byte Character Support, Single-byte Character Set
36842
654b53bab583 Change "character terminal" to "text-only terminal".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36515
diff changeset
4986 Support, emacs}. On a Unix, when Emacs runs on a text-only terminal
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4987 display or is invoked with @samp{emacs -nw}, you typically need to use
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4988 @code{set-terminal-coding-system} to tell Emacs what the terminal can
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4989 display, even after setting the language environment; otherwise
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4990 non-ASCII characters will display as @samp{?}. On other operating
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4991 systems, such as MS-DOS and MS-Windows, Emacs queries the OS about the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4992 character set supported by the display, and sets up the required
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4993 terminal coding system automatically.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4994
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4995 @node Inputting eight-bit characters, Kanji and Chinese characters, Emacs does not display 8-bit characters, Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4996 @section How do I input eight-bit characters?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4997 @cindex Entering eight-bit characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4998 @cindex Eight-bit characters, entering
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4999 @cindex Input, 8-bit characters
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5000
28127
ce57565effde Fix copyright lines.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27352
diff changeset
5001 Various methods are available for input of eight-bit characters. See
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5002 @inforef{Single-Byte Character Support, Single-byte Character Set
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5003 Support, emacs}. For more sophisticated methods, @inforef{Input
28127
ce57565effde Fix copyright lines.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27352
diff changeset
5004 Methods, Input Methods, emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5005
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5006 @node Kanji and Chinese characters, Right-to-left alphabets, Inputting eight-bit characters, Alternate character sets
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5007 @section Where can I get an Emacs that handles kanji, Chinese, or other Far-Eastern character sets?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5008 @cindex Kanji, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5009 @cindex Chinese, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5010 @cindex Japanese, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5011 @cindex Korean, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5012
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5013 Emacs 20 and later includes many of the features of MULE, the MULtilingual
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5014 Enhancement to Emacs. @xref{Installing Emacs}, for information on where
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5015 to find and download the latest version of Emacs.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5016
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5017 @node Right-to-left alphabets, , Kanji and Chinese characters, Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5018 @section Where is an Emacs that can handle Semitic (right-to-left) alphabets?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5019 @cindex Right-to-left alphabets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5020 @cindex Hebrew, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5021 @cindex Semitic alphabets
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5022 @cindex Arabic alphabets
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5023
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5024 Emacs 20 and later supports Hebrew characters (ISO 8859-8), but does not
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5025 yet support right-to-left character entry and display.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5026
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5027 @email{joel@@exc.com, Joel M. Hoffman} has written a Lisp package called
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5028 @file{hebrew.el} that allows right-to-left editing of Hebrew. It
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5029 reportedly works out of the box with Emacs 19, but requires patches for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5030 Emacs 18. Write to Joel if you want the patches or package.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5031
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5032 @c FIXME: Should we mention Ehud Karni's package?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5033
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5034 @file{hebrew.el} requires a Hebrew screen font, but no other hardware support.
36515
9df3f07f2643 Fix case convention for mouse click.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36383
diff changeset
5035 Joel has a screen font for PCs running MS-DOS or GNU/Linux.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5036
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5037 You might also try to query archie for files named with @file{hebrew};
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5038 several ftp sites in Israel may also have the necessary files.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5039
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5040 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5041 @node Mail and news, Concept index, Alternate character sets, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5042 @chapter Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5043 @cindex Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5044
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5045 @menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5046 * Changing the included text prefix::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5047 * Saving a copy of outgoing mail::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5048 * Expanding aliases when sending mail::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5049 * Rmail thinks all messages are one big one::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5050 * Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5051 * Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5052 * Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5053 * Replying to the sender of a message::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5054 * MIME with Emacs mail packages::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5055 * Automatically starting a mail or news reader::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5056 * Reading news with Emacs::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5057 * Gnus does not work with NNTP::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5058 * Viewing articles with embedded underlining::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5059 * Saving a multi-part Gnus posting::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5060 * Starting Gnus faster::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5061 * Catching up in all newsgroups::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5062 * Killing based on nonstandard headers::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5063 * Removing flashing messages::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5064 * Catch-up is slow in Gnus::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5065 * Gnus hangs for a long time::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5066 * Learning more about Gnus::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5067 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5068
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5069 @node Changing the included text prefix, Saving a copy of outgoing mail, Mail and news, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5070 @section How do I change the included text prefix in mail/news followups?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5071 @cindex Prefix in mail/news followups, changing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5072 @cindex Included text prefix, changing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5073 @cindex Setting the included text character
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5074 @cindex Quoting in mail messages
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5075
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5076 If you read mail with Rmail or news with Gnus, set the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5077 @code{mail-yank-prefix}. For VM, set @code{vm-included-text-prefix}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5078 For mh-e, set @code{mh-ins-buf-prefix}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5079
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5080 For fancier control of citations, use Supercite. @xref{Supercite}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5081
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5082 To prevent Emacs from including various headers of the replied-to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5083 message, set the value of @code{mail-yank-ignored-headers} to an
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5084 appropriate regexp.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5085
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5086 @node Saving a copy of outgoing mail, Expanding aliases when sending mail, Changing the included text prefix, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5087 @section How do I save a copy of outgoing mail?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5088 @cindex Saving a copy of outgoing mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5089 @cindex Copying outgoing mail to a file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5090 @cindex Filing outgoing mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5091 @cindex Automatic filing of outgoing mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5092 @cindex Mail, saving outgoing automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5093
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5094 You can either mail yourself a copy by including a @samp{BCC} header in the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5095 mail message, or store a copy of the message directly to a file by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5096 including an @samp{FCC} header.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5097
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5098 If you use standard mail, you can automatically create a @samp{BCC} to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5099 yourself by putting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5100
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5101 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5102 (setq mail-self-blind t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5103 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5104
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5105 @noindent
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5106 in your @file{.emacs} file. You can automatically include an @samp{FCC}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5107 field by putting something like the following in your @file{.emacs}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5108 file:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5109
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5110 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5111 (setq mail-archive-file-name (expand-file-name "~/outgoing"))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5112 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5113
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5114 The output file will be in Unix mail format, which can be read directly
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5115 by VM, but not always by Rmail. @xref{Learning how to do something}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5116
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5117 If you use @code{mh-e}, add an @samp{FCC} or @samp{BCC} field to your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5118 components file.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5119
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5120 It does not work to put @samp{set record filename} in the @file{.mailrc}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5121 file.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5122
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5123 @node Expanding aliases when sending mail, Rmail thinks all messages are one big one, Saving a copy of outgoing mail, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5124 @section Why doesn't Emacs expand my aliases when sending mail?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5125 @cindex Expanding aliases when sending mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5126 @cindex Mail alias expansion
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5127 @cindex Sending mail with aliases
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5128
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5129 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5130
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5131 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5132 You must separate multiple addresses in the headers of the mail buffer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5133 with commas. This is because Emacs supports RFC822 standard addresses
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5134 like this one:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5135
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5136 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5137 To: Willy Smith <wks@@xpnsv.lwyrs.com>
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5138 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5139
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5140 However, you do not need to---and probably should not, unless your
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5141 system's version of @file{/usr/ucb/mail} (a.k.a.@: @code{mailx})
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5142 supports RFC822---separate addresses with commas in your
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5143 @file{~/.mailrc} file.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5144
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5145 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5146 Emacs normally only reads the @file{.mailrc} file once per session,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5147 when you start to compose your first mail message. If you edit
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5148 @file{.mailrc}, you can type @kbd{M-x rebuild-mail-abbrevs @key{RET}} to
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5149 make Emacs reread @file{~/.mailrc}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5150
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5151 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5152 If you like, you can expand mail aliases as abbrevs, as soon as you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5153 type them in. To enable this feature, execute the following:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5154
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5155 @lisp
34922
962646fc3a58 *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 34741
diff changeset
5156 (add-hook 'mail-mode-hook 'mail-abbrevs-setup)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5157 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5158
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5159 Note that the aliases are expanded automatically only after you type
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5160 @key{RET} or a punctuation character (e.g. @kbd{,}). You can force their
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5161 expansion by moving point to the end of the alias and typing @kbd{C-x a e}
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5162 (@kbd{M-x expand-abbrev}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5163 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5164
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5165 @node Rmail thinks all messages are one big one, Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder, Expanding aliases when sending mail, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5166 @section Why does Rmail think all my saved messages are one big message?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5167 @cindex Rmail thinks all messages are one large message
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5168
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5169 A file created through the @samp{FCC} field in a message is in Unix mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5170 format, not the format that Rmail uses (BABYL format). Rmail will try
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5171 to convert a Unix mail file into BABYL format on input, but sometimes it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5172 makes errors. For guaranteed safety, you can make the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5173 @file{saved-messages} file be an inbox for your Rmail file by using the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5174 function @code{set-rmail-inbox-list}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5175
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5176 @node Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder, Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail, Rmail thinks all messages are one big one, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5177 @section How can I sort the messages in my Rmail folder?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5178 @cindex Rmail, sorting messages in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5179 @cindex Folder, sorting messages in an Rmail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5180 @cindex Sorting messages in an Rmail folder
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5181
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5182 In Rmail, type @kbd{C-c C-s C-h} to get a list of sorting functions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5183 and their key bindings.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5184
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5185 @node Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail, Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them, Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5186 @section Why does Rmail need to write to @file{/usr/spool/mail}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5187 @cindex Rmail and @file{/usr/spool/mail}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5188 @cindex @file{/usr/spool/mail} and Rmail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5189
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5190 This is the behavior of the @code{movemail} program which Rmail uses.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5191 This indicates that @code{movemail} is configured to use lock files.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5192
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5193 RMS writes:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5194
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5195 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5196 Certain systems require lock files to interlock access to mail files.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5197 On these systems, @code{movemail} must write lock files, or you risk losing
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5198 mail. You simply must arrange to let @code{movemail} write them.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5199
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5200 Other systems use the @code{flock} system call to interlock access. On
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5201 these systems, you should configure @code{movemail} to use @code{flock}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5202 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5203
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5204 @node Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them, Replying to the sender of a message, Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5205 @section How do I recover my mail files after Rmail munges their format?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5206 @cindex Recovering munged mail files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5207 @cindex Rmail munged my files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5208 @cindex Mail files, recovering those munged by Rmail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5209
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5210 If you have just done @kbd{M-x rmail-input} on a file and you don't want
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5211 to save it in Rmail's format (called BABYL), just kill the buffer (with
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5212 @kbd{C-x k}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5213
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5214 @cindex Exporting messages as Unix mail files
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5215 If you typed @kbd{M-x rmail} and it read some messages out of your inbox
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5216 and you want to put them in a Unix mail file, use @kbd{C-o} on each
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5217 message.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5218
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5219 @cindex Converting from BABYL to Unix mail format
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5220 @cindex @code{unrmail} command
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5221 If you want to convert an existing file from BABYL format to Unix mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5222 format, use the command @kbd{M-x unrmail}: it will prompt you for the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5223 input and output file names.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5224
39304
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5225 @pindex b2m
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5226 Alternatively, you could use the @code{b2m} program supplied with
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5227 Emacs. @code{b2m} is a filter, and is used like this:
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5228
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5229 @example
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5230 b2m < @var{babyl-file} > @var{mbox-file}
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5231 @end example
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5232
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5233 @noindent
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5234 where @var{babyl-file} is the name of the BABYL file, and
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5235 @var{mbox-file} is the name of the file where the converted mail will
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5236 be written.
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5237
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5238 @node Replying to the sender of a message, MIME with Emacs mail packages, Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5239 @section How can I force Rmail to reply to the sender of a message, but not the other recipients?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5240 @cindex Replying only to the sender of a message
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5241 @cindex Sender, replying only to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5242 @cindex Rmail, replying to the sender of a message in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5243
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5244 @email{isaacson@@seas.upenn.edu, Ron Isaacson} says: When you hit
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5245 @key{r} to reply in Rmail, by default it CCs all of the original
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5246 recipients (everyone on the original @samp{To} and @samp{CC}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5247 lists). With a prefix argument (i.e., typing @kbd{C-u} before @key{r}),
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5248 it replies only to the sender. However, going through the whole
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5249 @kbd{C-u} business every time you want to reply is a pain. This is the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5250 best fix I've been able to come up with:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5251
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5252 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5253 (defun rmail-reply-t ()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5254 "Reply only to the sender of the current message. (See rmail-reply.)"
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5255 (interactive)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5256 (rmail-reply t))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5257
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5258 (add-hook 'rmail-mode-hook
34151
33df9c2e70bf Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 30692
diff changeset
5259 (lambda ()
33df9c2e70bf Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 30692
diff changeset
5260 (define-key rmail-mode-map "r" 'rmail-reply-t)
33df9c2e70bf Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 30692
diff changeset
5261 (define-key rmail-mode-map "R" 'rmail-reply)))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5262 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5263
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5264 @node MIME with Emacs mail packages, Automatically starting a mail or news reader, Replying to the sender of a message, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5265 @section How can I get my favorite Emacs mail package to support MIME?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5266 @cindex MIME and Emacs mail packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5267 @cindex Mail packages and MIME
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5268 @cindex FAQ for MIME and Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5269
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5270 Read the Emacs MIME FAQ, maintained by @email{trey@@cs.berkeley.edu,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5271 MacDonald Hall Jackson} at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5272
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5273 @uref{http://bmrc.berkeley.edu/~trey/emacs/mime.html}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5274
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5275 Version 6.x of VM supports MIME. @xref{VM}. Gnus supports MIME in mail
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5276 and news messages as of version 5.8.1 (Pterodactyl). Rmail has limited
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5277 support for single-part MIME messages beginning with Emacs 20.3.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5278
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5279 @node Automatically starting a mail or news reader, Reading news with Emacs, MIME with Emacs mail packages, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5280 @section How do I make Emacs automatically start my mail/news reader?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5281 @cindex Mail reader, starting automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5282 @cindex News reader, starting automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5283 @cindex Starting mail/news reader automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5284
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5285 To start Emacs in Gnus:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5286
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5287 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5288 emacs -f gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5289 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5290
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5291 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5292 in Rmail:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5293
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5294 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5295 emacs -f rmail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5296 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5297
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5298 A more convenient way to start with Gnus:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5299
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5300 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5301 alias gnus 'emacs -f gnus'
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5302 gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5303 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5304
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5305 It is probably unwise to automatically start your mail or news reader
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5306 from your @file{.emacs} file. This would cause problems if you needed to run
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5307 two copies of Emacs at the same time. Also, this would make it difficult for
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5308 you to start Emacs quickly when you needed to.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5309
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5310 @node Reading news with Emacs, Gnus does not work with NNTP, Automatically starting a mail or news reader, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5311 @section How do I read news under Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5312 @cindex Reading news under Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5313 @cindex Usenet reader in Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5314 @cindex Gnus newsreader
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5315
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5316 Use @kbd{M-x gnus}. It is documented in Info (@pxref{Learning how to do
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5317 something}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5318
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5319 @node Gnus does not work with NNTP, Viewing articles with embedded underlining, Reading news with Emacs, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5320 @section Why doesn't Gnus work via NNTP?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5321 @cindex Gnus and NNTP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5322 @cindex NNTP, Gnus fails to work with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5323
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5324 There is a bug in NNTP version 1.5.10, such that when multiple requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5325 are sent to the NNTP server, the server only handles the first one
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5326 before blocking waiting for more input which never comes. NNTP version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5327 1.5.11 claims to fix this.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5328
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5329 You can work around the bug inside Emacs like this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5330
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5331 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5332 (setq nntp-maximum-request 1)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5333 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5334
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5335 You can find out what version of NNTP your news server is running by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5336 telnetting to the NNTP port (usually 119) on the news server machine
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5337 (i.e., @kbd{telnet server-machine 119}). The server should give its
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5338 version number in the welcome message. Type @kbd{quit} to get out.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5339
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
5340 @xref{Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode}, for some additional ideas.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5341
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5342 @node Viewing articles with embedded underlining, Saving a multi-part Gnus posting, Gnus does not work with NNTP, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5343 @section How do I view news articles with embedded underlining (e.g., ClariNews)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5344 @cindex Underlining, embedded in news articles
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5345 @cindex News articles with embedded underlining
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5346 @cindex Embedded underlining in news articles
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5347
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5348 Underlining appears like this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5349
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5350 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5351 _^Hu_^Hn_^Hd_^He_^Hr_^Hl_^Hi_^Hn_^Hi_^Hn_^Hg
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5352 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5353
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5354 @email{abraham@@dina.kvl.dk, Per Abrahamsen} suggests using the following
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5355 code, which uses the underline face to turn such text into true
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5356 underlining, inconjunction with Gnus:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5357
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5358 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5359 (defun gnus-article-prepare-overstrike ()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5360 ;; Prepare article for overstrike commands.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5361 (save-excursion
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5362 (set-buffer gnus-article-buffer)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5363 (let ((buffer-read-only nil))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5364 (goto-char (point-min))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5365 (while (search-forward "\b" nil t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5366 (let ((next (following-char))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5367 (previous (char-after (- (point) 2))))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5368 (cond ((eq next previous)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5369 (delete-region (- (point) 2) (point))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5370 (put-text-property (point) (1+ (point))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5371 'face 'bold))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5372 ((eq next ?_)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5373 (delete-region (1- (point)) (1+ (point)))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5374 (put-text-property (1- (point)) (point)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5375 'face 'underline))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5376 ((eq previous ?_)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5377 (delete-region (- (point) 2) (point))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5378 (put-text-property (point) (1+ (point))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5379 'face 'underline))))))))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5380
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5381 (add-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-overstrike)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5382 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5383
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5384 Latest versions of Gnus do such a conversion automatically.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5385
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5386 If you prefer to do away with underlining altogether, you can
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5387 destructively remove it with @kbd{M-x ununderline-region}; do this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5388 automatically via
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5389
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5390 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5391 (add-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-hook
34151
33df9c2e70bf Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 30692
diff changeset
5392 (lambda () (ununderline-region (point-min) (point-max))))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5393 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5394
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5395 @node Saving a multi-part Gnus posting, Starting Gnus faster, Viewing articles with embedded underlining, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5396 @section How do I save all the items of a multi-part posting in Gnus?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5397 @cindex Multi-part postings in Gnus, saving
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5398 @cindex Saving multi-part postings in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5399 @cindex Gnus, saving multi-part postings in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5400
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5401 Use @code{gnus-uu}. Type @kbd{C-c C-v C-h} in the Gnus summary buffer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5402 to see a list of available commands.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5403
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5404 @node Starting Gnus faster, Catching up in all newsgroups, Saving a multi-part Gnus posting, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5405 @section How do I make Gnus start up faster?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5406 @cindex Faster, starting Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5407 @cindex Starting Gnus faster
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5408 @cindex Gnus, starting faster
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5409
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5410 From the Gnus FAQ (@pxref{Learning more about Gnus}):
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5411
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5412 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5413 @email{pktiwari@@eos.ncsu.edu, Pranav Kumar Tiwari} writes: I posted
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5414 the same query recently and I got an answer to it. I am going to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5415 repeat the answer. What you need is a newer version of gnus, version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5416 5.0.4+. I am using 5.0.12 and it works fine with me with the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5417 following settings:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5418
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5419 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5420 (setq gnus-check-new-newsgroups nil
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5421 gnus-read-active-file 'some
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5422 gnus-nov-is-evil nil
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5423 gnus-select-method '(nntp gnus-nntp-server))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5424 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5425 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5426
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5427 @node Catching up in all newsgroups, Killing based on nonstandard headers, Starting Gnus faster, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5428 @section How do I catch up all newsgroups in Gnus?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5429 @cindex Catching up all newsgroups in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5430 @cindex Gnus, Catching up all newsgroups in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5431
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5432 In the @file{*Newsgroup*} buffer, type @kbd{M-< C-x ( c y C-x ) M-0 C-x e}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5433
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5434 Leave off the initial @kbd{M-<} if you only want to catch up from point
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5435 to the end of the @file{*Newsgroup*} buffer.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5436
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5437 @node Killing based on nonstandard headers, Removing flashing messages, Catching up in all newsgroups, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5438 @section Why can't I kill in Gnus based on the Newsgroups/Keywords/Control headers?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5439 @cindex Killing articles based on nonstandard headers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5440 @cindex Newsgroups header, killing articles based on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5441 @cindex Keywords header, killing articles based on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5442 @cindex Control header, killing articles based on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5443
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5444 Gnus will complain that the @samp{Newsgroups}, @samp{Keywords}, and
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5445 @samp{Control} headers are ``Unknown header'' fields.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5446
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5447 For the @samp{Newsgroups} header, there is an easy workaround: kill on the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5448 @samp{Xref} header instead, which will be present on any cross-posted article
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5449 (as long as your site carries the cross-post group).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5450
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5451 If you really want to kill on one of these headers, you can do it like
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5452 this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5453
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5454 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5455 (gnus-kill nil "^Newsgroups: .*\\(bad\\.group\\|worse\\.group\\)")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5456 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5457
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5458 @node Removing flashing messages, Catch-up is slow in Gnus, Killing based on nonstandard headers, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5459 @section How do I get rid of flashing messages in Gnus for slow connections?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5460 @cindex Flashing Gnus messages, removing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5461 @cindex Removing flashing Gnus messages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5462 @cindex Slow connections causing flashing messages in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5463 @cindex Gnus, flashing messages in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5464
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5465 Set @code{nntp-debug-read} to @code{nil}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5466
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5467 @node Catch-up is slow in Gnus, Gnus hangs for a long time, Removing flashing messages, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5468 @section Why is catch up slow in Gnus?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5469 @cindex Slow catch up in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5470 @cindex Gnus is slow when catching up
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5471 @cindex Crosspostings make Gnus catching up slow
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5472
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5473 Because Gnus is marking crosspostings read. You can control this with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5474 the variable @code{gnus-use-cross-reference}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5475
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5476 @node Gnus hangs for a long time, Learning more about Gnus, Catch-up is slow in Gnus, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5477 @section Why does Gnus hang for a long time when posting?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5478 @cindex Hangs in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5479 @cindex Gnus hangs while posting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5480 @cindex Posting, Gnus hangs wile
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5481
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5482 @email{tale@@uunet.uu.net, David Lawrence} explains:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5483
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5484 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5485 The problem is almost always interaction between NNTP and C News. NNTP
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5486 POST asks C News's @code{inews} to not background itself but rather hang
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5487 around and give its exit status so it knows whether the post was successful.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5488 (That wait will on some systems not return the exit status of the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5489 waited for job is a different sort of problem.) It ends up taking a
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5490 long time because @code{inews} is calling @code{relaynews}, which often
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5491 waits for another @code{relaynews} to free the lock on the news system
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5492 so it can file the article.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5493
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5494 My preferred solution is to change @code{inews} to not call
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5495 @code{relaynews}, but rather use @code{newsspool}. This loses some
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5496 error-catching functionality, but is for the most part safe as
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5497 @code{inews} will detect a lot of the errors on its own. The C News
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5498 folks have sped up @code{inews}, too, so speed should look better to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5499 most folks as that update propagates around.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5500 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5501
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5502 @node Learning more about Gnus, , Gnus hangs for a long time, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5503 @section Where can I find out more about Gnus?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5504 @cindex FAQ for Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5505 @cindex Gnus FAQ
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5506 @cindex Learning more about GNU
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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5507
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5508 Look for the Gnus FAQ, available at
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5509
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5510 @uref{http://www.ccs.neu.edu/software/contrib/gnus/}
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5511
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5512 @node Concept index, , Mail and news, Top
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5513 @unnumbered Concept Index
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5514 @printindex cp
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5515
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5516 @contents
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5517 @bye