Mercurial > emacs
annotate etc/refcards/cs-survival.tex @ 101796:0dd7b7766a85
(vc-svn-diff): Revert previous change but add a test
for newvars is nil. (C-u C-x v = with default values).
author | Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz> |
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date | Wed, 04 Feb 2009 10:49:04 +0000 |
parents | 83a1b016c800 |
children | cbea58d660d2 |
rev | line source |
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1 % |
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2 % Title: GNU Emacs Survival Card |
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3 % Author: Wlodek Bzyl <matwb@univ.gda.pl> |
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4 % |
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5 %**start of header |
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6 |
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7 % User interface is `plain.tex' and macros described below |
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8 % |
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9 % \title{CARD TITLE}{for version 21} |
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10 % \section{NAME} |
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11 % optional paragraphs separated with \askip amount of vertical space |
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12 % \key{KEY-NAME} description of key or |
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13 % \mkey{M-x LONG-LISP-NAME} description of Elisp function |
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14 % |
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15 % \kbd{ARG} -- argument is typed literally |
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16 |
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17 \def\plainfmtname{plain} |
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18 \ifx\fmtname\plainfmtname |
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19 \else |
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20 \errmessage{This file requires `plain' format to be typeset correctly} |
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21 \endinput |
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22 \fi |
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23 |
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24 % PDF output layout. 0 for A4, 1 for letter (US), a `l' is added for |
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25 % a landscape layout. |
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26 |
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27 \input pdflayout.sty |
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28 \pdflayout=(0) |
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29 |
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30 % Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, |
100972 | 31 % 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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32 |
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33 % This file is part of GNU Emacs. |
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34 |
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35 % GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify |
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36 % it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by |
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37 % the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or |
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38 % (at your option) any later version. |
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39 |
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40 % GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, |
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41 % but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of |
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42 % MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the |
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43 % GNU General Public License for more details. |
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44 |
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45 % You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License |
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46 % along with GNU Emacs. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. |
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47 |
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48 % Czech hyphenation rules applied |
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49 \chyph |
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50 |
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51 % Translated to Czech by Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz> in March 2001 |
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52 |
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53 % Process the file with `csplain' from the `CSTeX' distribution (included |
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54 % e.g. in the TeX Live CD). |
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55 |
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56 \def\versionnumber{1.0} |
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57 \def\versionemacs{21} |
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58 \def\versiondate{duben 2000} % latest update |
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59 \def\year{2009} % latest copyright year |
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60 |
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61 \def\copyrightnotice{\penalty-1\vfill |
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62 \vbox{\smallfont\baselineskip=0.8\baselineskip\raggedcenter |
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63 Copyright \year\ Free Software Foundation, Inc.\break |
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64 Verze \versionnumber{} pro GNU Emacs \versionemacs, \versiondate\break |
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65 W{\l}odek Bzyl (matwb@univ.gda.pl)\break |
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66 Do češtiny přeložil Pavel Janík (Pavel@Janik.cz) |
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67 |
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68 Kopie tohoto dokumentu můžete vytvářet a šířit |
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69 za předpokladu, že budou obsahovat tuto poznámku |
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70 o autorských právech.\par}} |
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71 |
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72 \hsize 3.2in |
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73 \vsize 7.95in |
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74 \font\titlefont=csss10 scaled 1200 |
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75 \font\headingfont=csss10 |
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76 \font\smallfont=csr6 |
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77 \font\smallsy=cmsy6 |
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78 \font\eightrm=csr8 |
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79 \font\eightbf=csbx8 |
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80 \font\eightit=csti8 |
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81 \font\eighttt=cstt8 |
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82 \font\eightmi=csmi8 |
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83 \font\eightsy=cmsy8 |
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84 \font\eightss=cmss8 |
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85 \textfont0=\eightrm |
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86 \textfont1=\eightmi |
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87 \textfont2=\eightsy |
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88 \def\rm{\eightrm} \rm |
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89 \def\bf{\eightbf} |
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90 \def\it{\eightit} |
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91 \def\tt{\eighttt} |
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92 \def\ss{\eightss} |
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93 \baselineskip=0.8\baselineskip |
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94 |
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95 \newdimen\intercolumnskip % horizontal space between columns |
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96 \intercolumnskip=0.5in |
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97 |
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98 % The TeXbook, p. 257 |
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99 \let\lr=L \newbox\leftcolumn |
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100 \output={\if L\lr |
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101 \global\setbox\leftcolumn\columnbox \global\let\lr=R |
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102 \else |
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103 \doubleformat \global\let\lr=L\fi} |
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104 \def\doubleformat{\shipout\vbox{\makeheadline |
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105 \leftline{\box\leftcolumn\hskip\intercolumnskip\columnbox} |
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106 \makefootline} |
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107 \advancepageno} |
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108 \def\columnbox{\leftline{\pagebody}} |
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109 |
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110 \def\newcolumn{\vfil\eject} |
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111 |
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112 \def\bye{\par\vfil\supereject |
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113 \if R\lr \null\vfil\eject\fi |
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114 \end} |
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115 |
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116 \outer\def\title#1#2{{\titlefont\centerline{#1}}\vskip 1ex plus 0.5ex |
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117 \centerline{\ss#2} |
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118 \vskip2\baselineskip} |
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119 |
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120 \outer\def\section#1{\filbreak |
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121 \bskip |
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122 \leftline{\headingfont #1} |
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123 \askip} |
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124 \def\bskip{\vskip 2.5ex plus 0.25ex } |
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125 \def\askip{\vskip 0.75ex plus 0.25ex} |
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126 |
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127 \newdimen\defwidth \defwidth=0.25\hsize |
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128 \def\hang{\hangindent\defwidth} |
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129 |
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130 \def\textindent#1{\noindent\llap{\hbox to \defwidth{\tt#1\hfil}}\ignorespaces} |
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131 \def\key{\par\hangafter=0\hang\textindent} |
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132 |
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133 \def\mtextindent#1{\noindent\hbox{\tt#1\quad}\ignorespaces} |
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134 \def\mkey{\par\hangafter=1\hang\mtextindent} |
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135 |
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136 \def\kbd#{\bgroup\tt \let\next= } |
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137 |
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138 \newdimen\raggedstretch |
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139 \newskip\raggedparfill \raggedparfill=0pt plus 1fil |
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140 \def\nohyphens |
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141 {\hyphenpenalty10000\exhyphenpenalty10000\pretolerance10000} |
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142 \def\raggedspaces |
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143 {\spaceskip=0.3333em\relax |
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144 \xspaceskip=0.5em\relax} |
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145 \def\raggedright |
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146 {\raggedstretch=6em |
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147 \nohyphens |
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148 \rightskip=0pt plus \raggedstretch |
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149 \raggedspaces |
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150 \parfillskip=\raggedparfill |
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151 \relax} |
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152 \def\raggedcenter |
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153 {\raggedstretch=6em |
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154 \nohyphens |
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155 \rightskip=0pt plus \raggedstretch |
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156 \leftskip=\rightskip |
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157 \raggedspaces |
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158 \parfillskip=0pt |
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159 \relax} |
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160 |
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161 \chardef\\=`\\ |
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162 |
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163 \raggedright |
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164 \nopagenumbers |
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165 \parindent 0pt |
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166 \interlinepenalty=10000 |
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167 \hoffset -0.2in |
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168 %\voffset 0.2in |
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169 |
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170 %**end of header |
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171 |
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172 |
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173 \title{Karta\ \ pro\ \ přežití\ \ s\ \ GNU\ \ Emacsem}{pro verzi \versionemacs} |
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174 |
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175 V~následujícím textu \kbd{C-z} znamená: stiskněte klávesu `\kbd{z}' a |
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176 současně přidržte stisknutou klávesu {\it Ctrl}. \kbd{M-z} znamená, že |
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177 současně s klávesou `\kbd{z}' přidržíte klávesu {\it Meta\/} (většinou |
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178 označenou {\it Alt\/}) nebo ji stisknete po stisknutí klávesy {\it Esc\/}. |
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179 |
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180 |
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181 \section{Spuštění Emacsu} |
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182 |
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183 Pro spuštění GNU Emacsu jednoduše napište jeho jméno: \kbd{emacs}. |
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184 Emacs rozděluje rámec na několik částí: |
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185 řádek menu, |
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186 buffer s editovaným textem, |
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187 tzv. mode line popisující buffer nad ní |
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188 a minibuffer v poslední řádce. |
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189 \askip |
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190 \key{C-x C-c} ukončení Emacsu |
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191 \key{C-x C-f} editace souboru; tento příkaz využívá minibuffer k přečtení |
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192 jména souboru; tento příkaz použijte i tehdy, chcete-li |
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193 vytvořit nový soubor zadaného jména |
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194 \key{C-x C-s} uložit soubor |
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195 \key{C-x k} zavřít buffer |
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196 \key{C-g} ve většině situací: zastavení aktuálně prováděné činnosti, |
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197 zrušení zadávání příkazu apod. |
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198 \key{C-x u} obnovit |
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199 |
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200 \section{Pohyb} |
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201 |
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202 \key{C-l} přesun aktuální řádky do středu okna |
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203 \key{C-x b} přepnutí do jiného bufferu |
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204 \key{M-<} přesun na začátek bufferu |
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205 \key{M->} přesun na konec bufferu |
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206 \key{M-x goto-line} přesun na řádek zadaného čísla |
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207 |
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208 \section{Více oken} |
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209 |
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210 \key{C-x 0} odstranění aktuálního okna |
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211 \key{C-x 1} aktuální okno se stane jediným oknem |
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212 \key{C-x 2} rozdělení okna horizontálně |
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213 \key{C-x 3} rozdělení okna vertikálně |
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214 \key{C-x o} přesun do jiného okna |
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215 |
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216 \section{Regiony} |
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217 |
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218 Emacs definuje `region' jako prostor mezi {\it značkou\/} a |
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219 {\it bodem}. Značka je nastavena pomocí \kbd{C-{\it space}}. |
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220 Bod je v místě aktuální pozice kurzoru. |
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221 \askip |
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222 \key{M-h} označ celý odstavec |
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223 \key{C-x h} označ celý buffer |
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224 |
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225 \section{Vyjmutí a kopírování} |
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226 |
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227 \key{C-w} vyjmi region |
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228 \key{M-w} zkopíruj region do kill-ringu |
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229 \key{C-k} vyjmi text od kurzoru do konce řádku |
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230 \key{M-DEL} vyjmi slovo |
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231 \key{C-y} vlož zpět poslední vyjmutý text (kombinace kláves \kbd{C-w C-y} |
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232 může být použita pro přesuny textů) |
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233 \key{M-y} nahraď poslední vložený text předchozím vyjmutým textem |
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234 |
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235 \section{Vyhledávání} |
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236 |
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237 \key{C-s} hledej řetězec |
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238 \key{C-r} hledej řetězec zpět |
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239 \key{RET} ukonči hledání |
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240 \key{M-C-s} hledej regulární výraz |
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241 \key{M-C-r} hledej regulární výraz zpět |
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242 \askip |
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243 Kombinace \kbd{C-s} nebo \kbd{C-r} můžete použít i k opakování hledání |
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244 jiným směrem. |
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245 |
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246 \section{Značky (tags)} |
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247 |
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248 Tabulky značek (tags) zaznamenávají polohu funkcí a procedur, globálních |
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249 proměnných, datových typů a dalšího. Pro vytvoření tabulky značek spusťte |
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250 příkaz `{\tt etags} {\it vstupní\_soubory}' v příkazovém interpretu. |
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251 \askip |
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252 \key{M-.} najdi definici |
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253 \key{C-u M-.} najdi další výskyt definice |
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254 \key{M-*} běž tam, odkud byla volána poslední \kbd{M-.} |
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255 \mkey{M-x tags-query-replace} spusť query-replace na všech souborech |
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256 zaznamenaných v tabulce značek. |
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257 \key{M-,} pokračuj v posledním hledání značky nebo query-replace |
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258 |
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259 \section{Překlady} |
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260 |
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261 \key{M-x compile} přelož kód v aktivním okně |
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262 \key{C-c C-c} běž na poslední chybu překladače, v okně překladu |
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263 \key{C-x `} v okně se zdrojovým textem |
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264 |
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265 \section{Dired, editor adresářů} |
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266 |
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267 \key{C-x d} spusť Dired |
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268 \key{d} označ tento soubor pro smazání |
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269 \key{\~{}} označ všechny zálohy ke smazání |
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270 \key{u} odstraň všechny značky pro smazání |
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271 \key{x} smaž soubory označené pro smazání |
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272 \key{C} kopíruj soubor |
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273 \key{g} obnov buffer Diredu |
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274 \key{f} navštiv soubor v aktuální řádce |
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275 \key{s} přepni mezi řazením podle abecedy a data/času |
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276 |
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277 \section{Čtení a posílání pošty} |
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278 |
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279 \key{M-x rmail} začni číst poštu |
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280 \key{q} ukonči čtení pošty |
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281 \key{h} ukaž hlavičky |
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282 \key{d} označ aktuální zprávu ke smazání |
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283 \key{x} smaž všechny zprávy označené ke smazání |
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284 |
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285 \key{C-x m} nová zpráva |
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286 \key{C-c C-c} pošli zprávu a přepni do jiného bufferu |
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287 \key{C-c C-f C-c} přesuň se na hlavičku `CC' a pokud neexistuje, tak ji |
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288 vytvoř |
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289 |
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290 \section{Různé} |
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291 |
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292 \key{M-q} zarovnej odstavec |
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293 \key{M-/} doplň dynamicky předchozí slovo |
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294 \key{C-z} ikonizuj (přeruš) Emacs |
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295 \mkey{M-x revert-buffer} nahraď text editovaného souboru tímtéž souborem z disku |
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296 |
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297 \section{Nahrazování} |
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298 |
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299 \key{M-\%} interaktivně hledej a nahrazuj |
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300 \key{M-C-\%} za použití regulárních výrazů |
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301 \askip |
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302 Možné odpovědi v módu hledání jsou |
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303 \askip |
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304 \key{SPC} nahraď tento výskyt; běž na další |
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305 \key{,} nahraď tento výskyt; nechoď dále |
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306 \key{DEL} tento výskyt nenahrazuj a běž dál |
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307 \key{!} nahraď všechny další výskyty |
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308 \key{\^{}} zpět na předchozí výskyt |
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309 \key{RET} ukonči query-replace |
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310 \key{C-r} začni rekurzivní editaci (\kbd{M-C-c} ji ukončí) |
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311 |
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312 \section{Regulární výrazy} |
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313 |
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314 \key{. {\rm(tečka)}} libovolný znak kromě znaku nového řádku |
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315 \key{*} žádné nebo mnoho opakování |
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316 \key{+} jedno nebo mnoho opakování |
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317 \key{?} žádné nebo jedno opakování |
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318 \key{[$\ldots$]} označuje třídu znaků |
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319 \key{[\^{}$\ldots$]} neguje třídu znaků |
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320 |
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321 \key{\\{\it c}} uvození znaku, který by měl jinak speciální význam v |
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322 regulárním výrazu |
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323 |
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324 \key{$\ldots$\\|$\ldots$\\|$\ldots$} vyhovuje jedné z alternativ (\uv{nebo}) |
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325 \key{\\( $\ldots$ \\)} seskupení několika vzorků do jednoho |
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326 \key{\\{\it n}} totéž jako {\it n\/}-tá skupina |
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327 |
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328 \key{\^{}} vyhovuje na začátku řádku |
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329 \key{\$} vyhovuje na konci řádku |
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330 |
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331 \key{\\w} vyhovuje znaku, který může být součástí slova |
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332 \key{\\W} vyhovuje znaku, který nemůže být součástí slova |
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333 \key{\\<} vyhovuje na začátku slova |
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334 \key{\\>} vyhovuje na konci slova |
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335 \key{\\b} vyhovuje mezislovním mezerám |
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336 \key{\\B} vyhovuje mezerám, které nejsou mezislovní |
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337 |
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338 \section{Registry} |
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339 |
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340 \key{C-x r s} ulož region do registru |
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341 \key{C-x r i} vlož obsah registru do bufferu |
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342 |
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343 \key{C-x r SPC} ulož aktuální pozici kurzoru do registru |
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344 \key{C-x r j} skoč na pozici kurzoru uloženou v registru |
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345 |
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346 \section{Obdélníky} |
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347 |
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348 \key{C-x r r} zkopíruj obdélník do registru |
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349 \key{C-x r k} vyjmi obdélník |
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350 \key{C-x r y} vlož obdélník |
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351 \key{C-x r t} uvození každého řádku řetězcem |
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352 |
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353 \key{C-x r o} otevři obdélník, posuň text vpravo |
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354 \key{C-x r c} vyprázdni obdélník |
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355 |
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356 \section{Příkazový interpret} |
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357 |
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358 \key{M-x shell} spusť příkazový interpret v Emacsu |
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359 \key{M-!} spusť příkaz příkazového interpretu |
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360 \key{M-|} spusť příkaz příkazového interpretu na region |
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361 \key{C-u M-|} filtruj region přes příkaz příkazového interpretu |
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362 |
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363 \section{Kontrola pravopisu} |
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364 |
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365 \key{M-\$} zkontroluj pravopis slova pod kurzorem |
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366 \mkey{M-x ispell-region} zkontroluj pravopis všech slov v regionu |
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367 \mkey{M-x ispell-buffer} zkontroluj pravopis v bufferu |
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368 |
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369 \section{Mezinárodní znakové sady} |
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370 |
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371 \key{C-x RET C-\\} zvol a aktivuj vstupní metodu pro aktuální buffer |
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372 \key{C-\\} aktivuj nebo deaktivuj vstupní metodu |
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373 \mkey{M-x list-input-methods} zobraz seznam všech vstupních metod |
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374 \mkey{M-x set-language-environment} specifikuj hlavní jazyk |
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375 |
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376 \key{C-x RET c} nastav kódovací systém pro následující příkaz |
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377 \mkey{M-x find-file-literally} edituj soubor bez jakýchkoli konverzí |
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378 |
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379 \mkey{M-x list-coding-systems} ukaž všechny kódovací systémy |
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380 \mkey{M-x prefer-coding-system} zvol preferovaný kódovací systém |
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381 |
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382 \section{Klávesová makra} |
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383 |
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384 \key{C-x (} začni definici klávesového makra |
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385 \key{C-x )} ukonči definici klávesového makra |
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386 \key{C-x e} spusť naposledy definované klávesové makro |
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387 \key{C-u C-x (} přidej do posledně definovaného klávesového makra |
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388 \mkey{M-x name-last-kbd-macro} pojmenuj naposledy definované makro |
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389 |
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390 \section{Jednoduché nastavení} |
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391 |
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392 \key{M-x customize} jednoduché nastavení |
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393 |
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394 \section{Pomoc} |
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395 |
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396 Emacs doplňuje příkazy. Stisknete-li \kbd{M-x} {\it tab\/} nebo {\it |
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397 space\/} dostanete seznam příkazů Emacsu. |
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398 \askip |
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399 \key{C-h} nápověda Emacsu |
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400 \key{C-h t} spustí tutoriál Emacsu |
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401 \key{C-h i} spustí Info, prohlížeč dokumentace |
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402 \key{C-h a} ukáže příkazy vyhovující zadanému řetězci (apropos) |
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403 \key{C-h k} zobrazí dokumentaci funkce spuštěné pomocí zadané klávesy |
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404 \askip |
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405 Emacs pracuje v různých {\it módech}, které upravují chování |
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406 Emacsu pro editovaný text daného typu. Mode line obsahuje jména aktuálních |
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407 módů v závorkách. |
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408 \askip |
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409 \key{C-h m} zobraz dokumentaci aktuálních módů. |
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410 |
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411 \copyrightnotice |
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412 |
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413 \bye |
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414 |
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415 % Local variables: |
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416 % compile-command: "csplain survival" |
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417 % End: |
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418 |
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419 % arch-tag: 86b21d3f-d8b6-412d-8d77-e6e8728f590e |