Mercurial > emacs
annotate lisp/help.el @ 5200:1006461bf759
(do-install): Use umask 022 in copying etc and lisp dirs.
author | Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org> |
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date | Sat, 27 Nov 1993 09:19:39 +0000 |
parents | 0556b068e9ee |
children | 801232ccc5e5 |
rev | line source |
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1 ;;; help.el --- help commands for Emacs |
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2 |
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3 ;; Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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4 |
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5 ;; Maintainer: FSF |
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6 ;; Keywords: help, internal |
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7 |
409 | 8 ;; This file is part of GNU Emacs. |
9 | |
10 ;; GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify | |
11 ;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by | |
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12 ;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) |
409 | 13 ;; any later version. |
14 | |
15 ;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, | |
16 ;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of | |
17 ;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the | |
18 ;; GNU General Public License for more details. | |
19 | |
20 ;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License | |
21 ;; along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING. If not, write to | |
22 ;; the Free Software Foundation, 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. | |
23 | |
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24 ;;; Commentary: |
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25 |
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26 ;; This code implements GNU Emac's on-line help system, the one invoked by |
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27 ;;`M-x help-for-help'. |
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28 |
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29 ;;; Code: |
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30 |
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31 ;; Get the macro make-help-screen when this is compiled, |
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32 ;; or run interpreted, but not when the compiled code is loaded. |
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33 (eval-when-compile (require 'help-macro)) |
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34 |
409 | 35 (defvar help-map (make-sparse-keymap) |
36 "Keymap for characters following the Help key.") | |
37 | |
919 | 38 (define-key global-map (char-to-string help-char) 'help-command) |
409 | 39 (fset 'help-command help-map) |
40 | |
919 | 41 (define-key help-map (char-to-string help-char) 'help-for-help) |
409 | 42 (define-key help-map "?" 'help-for-help) |
43 | |
44 (define-key help-map "\C-c" 'describe-copying) | |
45 (define-key help-map "\C-d" 'describe-distribution) | |
46 (define-key help-map "\C-w" 'describe-no-warranty) | |
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47 (define-key help-map "\C-p" 'describe-project) |
409 | 48 (define-key help-map "a" 'command-apropos) |
49 | |
50 (define-key help-map "b" 'describe-bindings) | |
51 | |
52 (define-key help-map "c" 'describe-key-briefly) | |
53 (define-key help-map "k" 'describe-key) | |
54 | |
55 (define-key help-map "d" 'describe-function) | |
56 (define-key help-map "f" 'describe-function) | |
57 | |
58 (define-key help-map "i" 'info) | |
732 | 59 (define-key help-map "\C-f" 'Info-goto-emacs-command-node) |
60 (define-key help-map "\C-k" 'Info-goto-emacs-key-command-node) | |
409 | 61 |
62 (define-key help-map "l" 'view-lossage) | |
63 | |
64 (define-key help-map "m" 'describe-mode) | |
65 | |
66 (define-key help-map "\C-n" 'view-emacs-news) | |
67 (define-key help-map "n" 'view-emacs-news) | |
68 | |
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69 (define-key help-map "p" 'finder-by-keyword) |
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70 (autoload 'finder-by-keyword "finder") |
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71 |
409 | 72 (define-key help-map "s" 'describe-syntax) |
73 | |
74 (define-key help-map "t" 'help-with-tutorial) | |
75 | |
76 (define-key help-map "w" 'where-is) | |
77 | |
78 (define-key help-map "v" 'describe-variable) | |
79 | |
80 (defun help-with-tutorial () | |
81 "Select the Emacs learn-by-doing tutorial." | |
82 (interactive) | |
83 (let ((file (expand-file-name "~/TUTORIAL"))) | |
84 (delete-other-windows) | |
85 (if (get-file-buffer file) | |
86 (switch-to-buffer (get-file-buffer file)) | |
87 (switch-to-buffer (create-file-buffer file)) | |
88 (setq buffer-file-name file) | |
89 (setq default-directory (expand-file-name "~/")) | |
755 | 90 (setq buffer-auto-save-file-name nil) |
444 | 91 (insert-file-contents (expand-file-name "TUTORIAL" data-directory)) |
409 | 92 (goto-char (point-min)) |
93 (search-forward "\n<<") | |
94 (beginning-of-line) | |
95 (delete-region (point) (progn (end-of-line) (point))) | |
96 (newline (- (window-height (selected-window)) | |
97 (count-lines (point-min) (point)) | |
98 6)) | |
99 (goto-char (point-min)) | |
100 (set-buffer-modified-p nil)))) | |
101 | |
102 (defun describe-key-briefly (key) | |
103 "Print the name of the function KEY invokes. KEY is a string." | |
104 (interactive "kDescribe key briefly: ") | |
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105 ;; If this key seq ends with a down event, discard the |
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106 ;; following click or drag event. Otherwise that would |
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107 ;; erase the message. |
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108 (let ((type (aref key (1- (length key))))) |
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109 (if (listp type) (setq type (car type))) |
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110 (and (symbolp type) |
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111 (memq 'down (event-modifiers type)) |
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112 (read-event))) |
409 | 113 (let ((defn (key-binding key))) |
114 (if (or (null defn) (integerp defn)) | |
115 (message "%s is undefined" (key-description key)) | |
116 (message "%s runs the command %s" | |
117 (key-description key) | |
118 (if (symbolp defn) defn (prin1-to-string defn)))))) | |
119 | |
120 (defun print-help-return-message (&optional function) | |
121 "Display or return message saying how to restore windows after help command. | |
122 Computes a message and applies the optional argument FUNCTION to it. | |
123 If FUNCTION is nil, applies `message' to it, thus printing it." | |
124 (and (not (get-buffer-window standard-output)) | |
125 (funcall (or function 'message) | |
126 (concat | |
127 (substitute-command-keys | |
128 (if (one-window-p t) | |
129 (if pop-up-windows | |
130 "Type \\[delete-other-windows] to remove help window." | |
131 "Type \\[switch-to-buffer] RET to remove help window.") | |
132 "Type \\[switch-to-buffer-other-window] RET to restore the other window.")) | |
133 (substitute-command-keys | |
134 " \\[scroll-other-window] to scroll the help."))))) | |
135 | |
136 (defun describe-key (key) | |
137 "Display documentation of the function invoked by KEY. KEY is a string." | |
138 (interactive "kDescribe key: ") | |
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139 ;; If this key seq ends with a down event, discard the |
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140 ;; following click or drag event. Otherwise that would |
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141 ;; erase the message. |
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142 (let ((type (aref key (1- (length key))))) |
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143 (if (listp type) (setq type (car type))) |
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144 (and (symbolp type) |
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145 (memq 'down (event-modifiers type)) |
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146 (read-event))) |
409 | 147 (let ((defn (key-binding key))) |
148 (if (or (null defn) (integerp defn)) | |
149 (message "%s is undefined" (key-description key)) | |
150 (with-output-to-temp-buffer "*Help*" | |
151 (prin1 defn) | |
152 (princ ":\n") | |
153 (if (documentation defn) | |
154 (princ (documentation defn)) | |
155 (princ "not documented")) | |
156 (print-help-return-message))))) | |
157 | |
158 (defun describe-mode (&optional minor) | |
159 "Display documentation of current major mode. | |
160 If optional MINOR is non-nil (or prefix argument is given if interactive), | |
161 display documentation of active minor modes as well. | |
162 For this to work correctly for a minor mode, the mode's indicator variable | |
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163 \(listed in `minor-mode-alist') must also be a function whose documentation |
409 | 164 describes the minor mode." |
165 (interactive) | |
166 (with-output-to-temp-buffer "*Help*" | |
167 (princ mode-name) | |
168 (princ " Mode:\n") | |
169 (princ (documentation major-mode)) | |
170 (let ((minor-modes minor-mode-alist) | |
171 (locals (buffer-local-variables))) | |
172 (while minor-modes | |
173 (let* ((minor-mode (car (car minor-modes))) | |
174 (indicator (car (cdr (car minor-modes)))) | |
175 (local-binding (assq minor-mode locals))) | |
176 ;; Document a minor mode if it is listed in minor-mode-alist, | |
177 ;; bound locally in this buffer, non-nil, and has a function | |
178 ;; definition. | |
179 (if (and local-binding | |
180 (cdr local-binding) | |
181 (fboundp minor-mode)) | |
182 (progn | |
183 (princ (format "\n\n\n%s minor mode (indicator%s):\n" | |
184 minor-mode indicator)) | |
185 (princ (documentation minor-mode))))) | |
186 (setq minor-modes (cdr minor-modes)))) | |
187 (print-help-return-message))) | |
188 | |
189 ;; So keyboard macro definitions are documented correctly | |
190 (fset 'defining-kbd-macro (symbol-function 'start-kbd-macro)) | |
191 | |
192 (defun describe-distribution () | |
193 "Display info on how to obtain the latest version of GNU Emacs." | |
194 (interactive) | |
195 (find-file-read-only | |
444 | 196 (expand-file-name "DISTRIB" data-directory))) |
409 | 197 |
198 (defun describe-copying () | |
199 "Display info on how you may redistribute copies of GNU Emacs." | |
200 (interactive) | |
201 (find-file-read-only | |
444 | 202 (expand-file-name "COPYING" data-directory)) |
409 | 203 (goto-char (point-min))) |
204 | |
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205 (defun describe-project () |
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206 "Display info on the GNU project." |
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207 (interactive) |
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208 (find-file-read-only |
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209 (expand-file-name "GNU" data-directory)) |
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210 (goto-char (point-min))) |
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211 |
409 | 212 (defun describe-no-warranty () |
213 "Display info on all the kinds of warranty Emacs does NOT have." | |
214 (interactive) | |
215 (describe-copying) | |
216 (let (case-fold-search) | |
217 (search-forward "NO WARRANTY") | |
218 (recenter 0))) | |
219 | |
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220 (defun describe-prefix-bindings () |
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221 "Describe the bindings of the prefix used to reach this command. |
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222 The prefix described consists of all but the last event |
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223 of the key sequence that ran this command." |
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224 (interactive) |
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225 (let* ((key (this-command-keys)) |
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226 (prefix (make-vector (1- (length key)) nil)) |
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227 i) |
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228 (setq i 0) |
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229 (while (< i (length prefix)) |
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230 (aset prefix i (aref key i)) |
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231 (setq i (1+ i))) |
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232 (describe-bindings prefix))) |
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233 ;; Make C-h after a prefix, when not specifically bound, |
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234 ;; run describe-prefix-bindings. |
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235 (setq prefix-help-command 'describe-prefix-bindings) |
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236 |
409 | 237 (defun view-emacs-news () |
238 "Display info on recent changes to Emacs." | |
239 (interactive) | |
444 | 240 (find-file-read-only (expand-file-name "NEWS" data-directory))) |
409 | 241 |
242 (defun view-lossage () | |
243 "Display last 100 input keystrokes." | |
244 (interactive) | |
245 (with-output-to-temp-buffer "*Help*" | |
246 (princ (key-description (recent-keys))) | |
247 (save-excursion | |
248 (set-buffer standard-output) | |
249 (goto-char (point-min)) | |
250 (while (progn (move-to-column 50) (not (eobp))) | |
251 (search-forward " " nil t) | |
252 (insert "\n"))) | |
253 (print-help-return-message))) | |
254 | |
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255 (make-help-screen help-for-help |
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256 "a b c f C-f i k C-k l m n p s t v w C-c C-d C-n C-w. Type \\[help-command] again for more help: " |
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257 "You have typed \\[help-command], the help character. Type a Help option: |
409 | 258 |
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259 a command-apropos. Give a substring, and see a list of commands |
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260 (functions interactively callable) that contain |
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261 that substring. See also the apropos command. |
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262 b describe-bindings. Display table of all key bindings. |
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263 c describe-key-briefly. Type a command key sequence; |
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264 it prints the function name that sequence runs. |
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265 f describe-function. Type a function name and get documentation of it. |
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266 C-f Info-goto-emacs-command-node. Type a function name; |
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267 it takes you to the Info node for that command. |
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268 i info. The info documentation reader. |
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269 k describe-key. Type a command key sequence; |
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270 it displays the full documentation. |
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271 C-k Info-goto-emacs-key-command-node. Type a command key sequence; |
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272 it takes you to the Info node for the command bound to that key. |
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273 l view-lossage. Shows last 100 characters you typed. |
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274 m describe-mode. Print documentation of current major mode, |
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275 which describes the commands peculiar to it. |
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276 n view-emacs-news. Shows emacs news file. |
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277 p finder-by-keyword. Find packages matching a given topic keyword. |
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278 s describe-syntax. Display contents of syntax table, plus explanations |
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279 t help-with-tutorial. Select the Emacs learn-by-doing tutorial. |
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280 v describe-variable. Type name of a variable; |
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281 it displays the variable's documentation and value. |
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282 w where-is. Type command name; it prints which keystrokes |
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283 invoke that command. |
409 | 284 C-c print Emacs copying permission (General Public License). |
285 C-d print Emacs ordering information. | |
286 C-n print news of recent Emacs changes. | |
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287 C-p print information about the GNU project. |
409 | 288 C-w print information on absence of warranty for GNU Emacs." |
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289 help-map) |
409 | 290 |
291 ;; Return a function which is called by the list containing point. | |
292 ;; If that gives no function, return a function whose name is around point. | |
293 ;; If that doesn't give a function, return nil. | |
294 (defun function-called-at-point () | |
295 (or (condition-case () | |
296 (save-excursion | |
297 (save-restriction | |
298 (narrow-to-region (max (point-min) (- (point) 1000)) (point-max)) | |
299 (backward-up-list 1) | |
300 (forward-char 1) | |
301 (let (obj) | |
302 (setq obj (read (current-buffer))) | |
303 (and (symbolp obj) (fboundp obj) obj)))) | |
304 (error nil)) | |
305 (condition-case () | |
306 (save-excursion | |
307 (forward-sexp -1) | |
308 (skip-chars-forward "'") | |
309 (let ((obj (read (current-buffer)))) | |
310 (and (symbolp obj) (fboundp obj) obj))) | |
311 (error nil)))) | |
312 | |
313 (defun describe-function (function) | |
314 "Display the full documentation of FUNCTION (a symbol)." | |
315 (interactive | |
316 (let ((fn (function-called-at-point)) | |
317 (enable-recursive-minibuffers t) | |
318 val) | |
319 (setq val (completing-read (if fn | |
320 (format "Describe function (default %s): " fn) | |
321 "Describe function: ") | |
322 obarray 'fboundp t)) | |
323 (list (if (equal val "") | |
324 fn (intern val))))) | |
325 (with-output-to-temp-buffer "*Help*" | |
326 (prin1 function) | |
327 (princ ": ") | |
328 (let* ((def (symbol-function function)) | |
329 (beg (if (commandp def) "an interactive " "a "))) | |
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330 (princ (cond ((or (stringp def) |
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331 (vectorp def)) |
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332 "a keyboard macro.") |
409 | 333 ((subrp def) |
334 (concat beg "built-in function.")) | |
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335 ((byte-code-function-p def) |
409 | 336 (concat beg "compiled Lisp function.")) |
337 ((symbolp def) | |
338 (format "alias for `%s'." def)) | |
339 ((eq (car-safe def) 'lambda) | |
340 (concat beg "Lisp function.")) | |
341 ((eq (car-safe def) 'macro) | |
342 "a Lisp macro.") | |
343 ((eq (car-safe def) 'mocklisp) | |
344 "a mocklisp function.") | |
345 ((eq (car-safe def) 'autoload) | |
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346 (format "%s autoloaded Lisp %s." |
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347 (if (commandp def) "an interactive" "an") |
409 | 348 (if (nth 4 def) "macro" "function") |
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349 ;;; Including the file name made this line too long. |
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350 ;;; (nth 1 def) |
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351 )) |
409 | 352 (t ""))) |
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353 (terpri) |
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354 (let ((arglist (cond ((byte-code-function-p def) |
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355 (car (append def nil))) |
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356 ((eq (car-safe def) 'lambda) |
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357 (nth 1 def)) |
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358 (t t)))) |
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359 (if (listp arglist) |
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360 (progn |
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361 (princ (cons function |
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362 (mapcar (lambda (arg) |
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363 (if (memq arg '(&optional &rest)) |
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364 arg |
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365 (intern (upcase (symbol-name arg))))) |
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366 arglist))) |
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367 (terpri)))) |
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368 (if (documentation function) |
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369 (progn (terpri) |
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370 (princ (documentation function))) |
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371 (princ "not documented")) |
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372 ) |
409 | 373 (print-help-return-message) |
374 ;; Return the text we displayed. | |
375 (save-excursion (set-buffer standard-output) (buffer-string)))) | |
376 | |
377 (defun variable-at-point () | |
378 (condition-case () | |
379 (save-excursion | |
380 (forward-sexp -1) | |
381 (skip-chars-forward "'") | |
382 (let ((obj (read (current-buffer)))) | |
383 (and (symbolp obj) (boundp obj) obj))) | |
384 (error nil))) | |
385 | |
386 (defun describe-variable (variable) | |
387 "Display the full documentation of VARIABLE (a symbol). | |
388 Returns the documentation as a string, also." | |
389 (interactive | |
390 (let ((v (variable-at-point)) | |
391 (enable-recursive-minibuffers t) | |
392 val) | |
393 (setq val (completing-read (if v | |
394 (format "Describe variable (default %s): " v) | |
395 "Describe variable: ") | |
396 obarray 'boundp t)) | |
397 (list (if (equal val "") | |
398 v (intern val))))) | |
399 (with-output-to-temp-buffer "*Help*" | |
400 (prin1 variable) | |
401 (princ "'s value is ") | |
402 (if (not (boundp variable)) | |
403 (princ "void.") | |
404 (prin1 (symbol-value variable))) | |
405 (terpri) (terpri) | |
406 (princ "Documentation:") | |
407 (terpri) | |
408 (let ((doc (documentation-property variable 'variable-documentation))) | |
409 (if doc | |
410 (princ (substitute-command-keys doc)) | |
411 (princ "not documented as a variable."))) | |
412 (print-help-return-message) | |
413 ;; Return the text we displayed. | |
414 (save-excursion (set-buffer standard-output) (buffer-string)))) | |
415 | |
416 (defun command-apropos (string) | |
417 "Like apropos but lists only symbols that are names of commands | |
418 \(interactively callable functions). Argument REGEXP is a regular expression | |
419 that is matched against command symbol names. Returns list of symbols and | |
420 documentation found." | |
421 (interactive "sCommand apropos (regexp): ") | |
422 (let ((message | |
423 (let ((standard-output (get-buffer-create "*Help*"))) | |
424 (print-help-return-message 'identity)))) | |
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425 (if (apropos string t 'commandp) |
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426 (and message (message message))))) |
409 | 427 |
428 (defun locate-library (library &optional nosuffix) | |
429 "Show the full path name of Emacs library LIBRARY. | |
430 This command searches the directories in `load-path' like `M-x load-library' | |
431 to find the file that `M-x load-library RET LIBRARY RET' would load. | |
432 Optional second arg NOSUFFIX non-nil means don't add suffixes `.elc' or `.el' | |
433 to the specified name LIBRARY (a la calling `load' instead of `load-library')." | |
434 (interactive "sLocate library: ") | |
435 (catch 'answer | |
436 (mapcar | |
437 '(lambda (dir) | |
438 (mapcar | |
439 '(lambda (suf) | |
440 (let ((try (expand-file-name (concat library suf) dir))) | |
441 (and (file-readable-p try) | |
442 (null (file-directory-p try)) | |
443 (progn | |
444 (message "Library is file %s" try) | |
445 (throw 'answer try))))) | |
446 (if nosuffix '("") '(".elc" ".el" "")))) | |
447 load-path) | |
448 (message "No library %s in search path" library) | |
449 nil)) | |
660
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450 |
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451 ;;; help.el ends here |