Mercurial > emacs
annotate lisp/emacs-lisp/backquote.el @ 11301:1234d00b8492
(tar-clear-modification-flags): Fix several bugs.
author | Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org> |
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date | Sat, 08 Apr 1995 18:04:43 +0000 |
parents | 80bf9bcff5c6 |
children | 14c5ed91e3d0 |
rev | line source |
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1 ;;; New backquote for GNU Emacs. |
7298 | 2 ;;; Copyright (C) 1990, 1992, 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
845 | 3 |
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4 ;; Author: Rick Sladkey <jrs@world.std.com> |
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5 ;; Maintainer: FSF |
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6 ;; Keywords: extensions, internal |
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7 |
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8 ;; This file is not part of GNU Emacs but is distributed under |
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9 ;; the same conditions as GNU Emacs. |
181 | 10 |
11 ;; GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify | |
12 ;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by | |
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13 ;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 1, or (at your option) |
181 | 14 ;; any later version. |
15 | |
16 ;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, | |
17 ;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of | |
18 ;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the | |
19 ;; GNU General Public License for more details. | |
20 | |
21 ;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License | |
22 ;; along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING. If not, write to | |
23 ;; the Free Software Foundation, 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. | |
24 | |
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25 ;; This is a new backquote for GNU Emacs written by |
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26 ;; Rick Sladkey <jrs@world.std.com>. It has the following |
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27 ;; features compared to the version 18 backquote: |
181 | 28 |
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29 ;; Correctly handles nested backquotes. |
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30 ;; Correctly handles constants after a splice. |
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31 ;; Correctly handles top-level atoms and unquotes. |
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32 ;; Correctly handles unquote after dot. |
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33 ;; Understands vectors. |
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34 ;; Minimizes gratuitous consing. |
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35 ;; Faster operation with simpler semantics. |
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36 ;; Generates faster run-time expressions. |
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37 ;; One third fewer calories than our regular beer. |
181 | 38 |
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39 ;; This backquote will generate calls to the backquote-list* form. |
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40 ;; Both a function version and a macro version are included. |
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41 ;; The macro version is used by default because it is faster |
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42 ;; and needs no run-time support. It should really be a subr. |
181 | 43 |
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44 ;;; Code: |
181 | 45 |
584 | 46 (provide 'backquote) |
47 | |
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48 ;; function and macro versions of backquote-list* |
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49 |
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50 (defun backquote-list*-function (first &rest list) |
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51 "Like `list' but the last argument is the tail of the new list. |
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52 |
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53 For example (backquote-list* 'a 'b 'c) => (a b . c)" |
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54 (if list |
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55 (let* ((rest list) (newlist (cons first nil)) (last newlist)) |
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56 (while (cdr rest) |
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57 (setcdr last (cons (car rest) nil)) |
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58 (setq last (cdr last) |
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59 rest (cdr rest))) |
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60 (setcdr last (car rest)) |
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61 newlist) |
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62 first)) |
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63 |
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64 (defmacro backquote-list*-macro (first &rest list) |
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65 "Like `list' but the last argument is the tail of the new list. |
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66 |
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67 For example (backquote-list* 'a 'b 'c) => (a b . c)" |
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68 (setq list (reverse (cons first list)) |
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69 first (car list) |
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70 list (cdr list)) |
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71 (if list |
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72 (let* ((second (car list)) |
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73 (rest (cdr list)) |
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74 (newlist (list 'cons second first))) |
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75 (while rest |
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76 (setq newlist (list 'cons (car rest) newlist) |
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77 rest (cdr rest))) |
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78 newlist) |
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79 first)) |
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80 |
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81 (defalias 'backquote-list* (symbol-function 'backquote-list*-macro)) |
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82 |
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83 ;; A few advertised variables that control which symbols are used |
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84 ;; to represent the backquote, unquote, and splice operations. |
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85 |
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86 (defvar backquote-backquote-symbol '` |
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87 "*Symbol used to represent a backquote or nested backquote (e.g. `).") |
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88 |
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89 (defvar backquote-unquote-symbol ', |
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90 "*Symbol used to represent an unquote (e.g. `,') inside a backquote.") |
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91 |
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92 (defvar backquote-splice-symbol ',@ |
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93 "*Symbol used to represent a splice (e.g. `,@') inside a backquote.") |
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94 |
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95 ;;;###autoload |
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96 (defmacro backquote (arg) |
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97 "Argument STRUCTURE describes a template to build. |
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98 |
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99 The whole structure acts as if it were quoted except for certain |
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100 places where expressions are evaluated and inserted or spliced in. |
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101 |
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102 For example: |
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103 |
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104 b => (ba bb bc) ; assume b has this value |
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105 \(` (a b c)) => (a b c) ; backquote acts like quote |
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106 \(` (a (, b) c)) => (a (ba bb bc) c) ; insert the value of b |
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107 \(` (a (,@ b) c)) => (a ba bb bc c) ; splice in the value of b |
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108 |
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109 Vectors work just like lists. Nested backquotes are permitted." |
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110 (cdr (backquote-process arg))) |
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111 |
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112 ;; GNU Emacs has no reader macros |
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113 |
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114 ;;;###autoload |
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115 (defalias '` (symbol-function 'backquote)) |
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116 |
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117 ;; backquote-process returns a dotted-pair of a tag (0, 1, or 2) and |
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118 ;; the backquote-processed structure. 0 => the structure is |
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119 ;; constant, 1 => to be unquoted, 2 => to be spliced in. |
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120 ;; The top-level backquote macro just discards the tag. |
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121 |
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122 (defun backquote-process (s) |
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123 (cond |
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124 ((vectorp s) |
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125 (let ((n (backquote-process (append s ())))) |
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126 (if (= (car n) 0) |
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127 (cons 0 s) |
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128 (cons 1 (cond |
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129 ((eq (nth 1 n) 'list) |
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130 (cons 'vector (nthcdr 2 n))) |
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131 ((eq (nth 1 n) 'append) |
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132 (cons 'vconcat (nthcdr 2 n))) |
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133 (t |
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134 (list 'apply '(function vector) (cdr n)))))))) |
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135 ((atom s) |
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136 (cons 0 (if (or (null s) (eq s t) (not (symbolp s))) |
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137 s |
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138 (list 'quote s)))) |
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139 ((eq (car s) backquote-unquote-symbol) |
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140 (cons 1 (nth 1 s))) |
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141 ((eq (car s) backquote-splice-symbol) |
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142 (cons 2 (nth 1 s))) |
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143 ((eq (car s) backquote-backquote-symbol) |
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144 (backquote-process (cdr (backquote-process (nth 1 s))))) |
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145 (t |
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146 (let ((rest s) |
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147 item firstlist list lists expression) |
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148 ;; Scan this list-level, setting LISTS to a list of forms, |
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149 ;; each of which produces a list of elements |
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150 ;; that should go in this level. |
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151 ;; The order of LISTS is backwards. |
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152 ;; If there are non-splicing elements (constant or variable) |
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153 ;; at the beginning, put them in FIRSTLIST, |
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154 ;; as a list of tagged values (TAG . FORM). |
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155 ;; If there are any at the end, they go in LIST, likewise. |
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156 (while (consp rest) |
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157 ;; Turn . (, foo) into (,@ foo). |
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158 (if (eq (car rest) backquote-unquote-symbol) |
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159 (setq rest (list (list backquote-splice-symbol (nth 1 rest))))) |
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160 (setq item (backquote-process (car rest))) |
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161 (cond |
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162 ((= (car item) 2) |
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163 ;; Put the nonspliced items before the first spliced item |
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164 ;; into FIRSTLIST. |
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165 (if (null lists) |
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166 (setq firstlist list |
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167 list nil)) |
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168 ;; Otherwise, put any preceding nonspliced items into LISTS. |
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169 (if list |
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170 (setq lists (cons (backquote-listify list '(0 . nil)) lists))) |
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171 (setq lists (cons (cdr item) lists)) |
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172 (setq list nil)) |
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173 (t |
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174 (setq list (cons item list)))) |
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175 (setq rest (cdr rest))) |
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176 ;; Handle nonsplicing final elements, and the tail of the list |
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177 ;; (which remains in REST). |
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178 (if (or rest list) |
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179 (setq lists (cons (backquote-listify list (backquote-process rest)) |
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180 lists))) |
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181 ;; Turn LISTS into a form that produces the combined list. |
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182 (setq expression |
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183 (if (or (cdr lists) |
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184 (eq (car-safe (car lists)) backquote-splice-symbol)) |
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185 (cons 'append (nreverse lists)) |
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186 (car lists))) |
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187 ;; Tack on any initial elements. |
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188 (if firstlist |
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189 (setq expression (backquote-listify firstlist (cons 1 expression)))) |
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190 (if (eq (car-safe expression) 'quote) |
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191 (cons 0 (list 'quote s)) |
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192 (cons 1 expression)))))) |
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193 |
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194 ;; backquote-listify takes (tag . structure) pairs from backquote-process |
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195 ;; and decides between append, list, backquote-list*, and cons depending |
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196 ;; on which tags are in the list. |
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197 |
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198 (defun backquote-listify (list old-tail) |
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199 (let ((heads nil) (tail (cdr old-tail)) (list-tail list) (item nil)) |
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200 (if (= (car old-tail) 0) |
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201 (setq tail (eval tail) |
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202 old-tail nil)) |
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203 (while (consp list-tail) |
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204 (setq item (car list-tail)) |
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205 (setq list-tail (cdr list-tail)) |
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206 (if (or heads old-tail (/= (car item) 0)) |
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207 (setq heads (cons (cdr item) heads)) |
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208 (setq tail (cons (eval (cdr item)) tail)))) |
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209 (cond |
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210 (tail |
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211 (if (null old-tail) |
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212 (setq tail (list 'quote tail))) |
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213 (if heads |
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214 (let ((use-list* (or (cdr heads) |
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215 (and (consp (car heads)) |
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216 (eq (car (car heads)) |
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217 backquote-splice-symbol))))) |
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218 (cons (if use-list* 'backquote-list* 'cons) |
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219 (append heads (list tail)))) |
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220 tail)) |
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221 (t (cons 'list heads))))) |
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222 |
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223 ;; backquote.el ends here |