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1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual.
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2 @c Copyright (C) 1985,86,87,93,94,95,1997,2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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3 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions.
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4 @node Glossary, Key Index, Intro, Top
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5 @unnumbered Glossary
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6
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7 @table @asis
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8 @item Abbrev
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9 An abbrev is a text string which expands into a different text string
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10 when present in the buffer. For example, you might define a few letters
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11 as an abbrev for a long phrase that you want to insert frequently.
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12 @xref{Abbrevs}.
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13
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14 @item Aborting
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15 Aborting means getting out of a recursive edit (q.v.@:). The
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16 commands @kbd{C-]} and @kbd{M-x top-level} are used for this.
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17 @xref{Quitting}.
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18
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19 @item Alt
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20 Alt is the name of a modifier bit which a keyboard input character may
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21 have. To make a character Alt, type it while holding down the @key{ALT}
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22 key. Such characters are given names that start with @kbd{Alt-}
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23 (usually written @kbd{A-} for short). (Note that many terminals have a
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24 key labeled @key{ALT} which is really a @key{META} key.) @xref{User
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25 Input, Alt}.
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26
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27 @item Argument
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28 See `numeric argument.'
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29
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30 @item @acronym{ASCII} character
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31 An @acronym{ASCII} character is either an @acronym{ASCII} control character or an @acronym{ASCII}
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32 printing character. @xref{User Input}.
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33
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34 @item @acronym{ASCII} control character
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35 An @acronym{ASCII} control character is the Control version of an upper-case
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36 letter, or the Control version of one of the characters @samp{@@[\]^_?}.
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37
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38 @item @acronym{ASCII} printing character
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39 @acronym{ASCII} printing characters include letters, digits, space, and these
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40 punctuation characters: @samp{!@@#$%^& *()_-+=|\~` @{@}[]:;"' <>,.?/}.
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41
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42 @item Auto Fill Mode
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43 Auto Fill mode is a minor mode in which text that you insert is
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44 automatically broken into lines of a given maximum width.
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45 @xref{Filling}.
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46
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47 @item Auto Saving
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48 Auto saving is the practice of saving the contents of an Emacs buffer in
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49 a specially-named file, so that the information will not be lost if the
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50 buffer is lost due to a system error or user error. @xref{Auto Save}.
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51
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52 @item Autoloading
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53 Emacs automatically loads Lisp libraries when a Lisp program requests a
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54 function or a variable from those libraries. This is called
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55 `autoloading'. @xref{Lisp Libraries}.
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56
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57 @item Backtrace
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58 A backtrace is a trace of a series of function calls showing how a
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59 program arrived to a certain point. It is used mainly for finding and
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60 correcting bugs (q.v.@:). Emacs can display a backtrace when it signals
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61 an error or when you type @kbd{C-g} (see `quitting'). @xref{Checklist}.
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62
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63 @item Backup File
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64 A backup file records the contents that a file had before the current
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65 editing session. Emacs makes backup files automatically to help you
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66 track down or cancel changes you later regret making. @xref{Backup}.
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67
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68 @item Balancing Parentheses
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69 Emacs can balance parentheses (or other matching delimiters) either
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70 manually or automatically. You do manual balancing with the commands
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71 to move over parenthetical groupings (@pxref{Moving by Parens}).
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72 Automatic balancing works by blinking or highlighting the delimiter
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73 that matches the one you just inserted (@pxref{Matching,,Matching
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74 Parens}).
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75
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76 @item Balanced Expressions
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77 A balanced expression is a syntactically recognizable expression, such
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78 as a symbol, number, string constant, block, or parenthesized expression
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79 in C. @xref{Expressions,Balanced Expressions}.
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80
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81 @item Balloon Help
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82 See `tooltips.'
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83
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84 @item Base Buffer
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85 A base buffer is a buffer whose text is shared by an indirect buffer
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86 (q.v.@:).
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87
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88 @item Bind
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89 To bind a key sequence means to give it a binding (q.v.@:).
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90 @xref{Rebinding}.
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91
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92 @item Binding
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93 A key sequence gets its meaning in Emacs by having a binding, which is a
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94 command (q.v.@:), a Lisp function that is run when the user types that
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95 sequence. @xref{Commands,Binding}. Customization often involves
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96 rebinding a character to a different command function. The bindings of
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97 all key sequences are recorded in the keymaps (q.v.@:). @xref{Keymaps}.
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98
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99 @item Blank Lines
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100 Blank lines are lines that contain only whitespace. Emacs has several
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101 commands for operating on the blank lines in the buffer.
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102
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103 @item Bookmark
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104 Bookmarks are akin to registers (q.v.@:) in that they record positions
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105 in buffers to which you can return later. Unlike registers, bookmarks
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106 persist between Emacs sessions.
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107
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108 @item Border
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109 A border is a thin space along the edge of the frame, used just for
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110 spacing, not for displaying anything. An Emacs frame has an ordinary
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111 external border, outside of everything including the menu bar, plus an
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112 internal border that surrounds the text windows and their scroll bars
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113 and separates them from the menu bar and tool bar. You can customize
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114 both borders with options and resources (@pxref{Borders X}). Borders
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115 are not the same as fringes (q.v.@:).
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116
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117 @item Buffer
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118 The buffer is the basic editing unit; one buffer corresponds to one text
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119 being edited. You can have several buffers, but at any time you are
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120 editing only one, the `current buffer,' though several can be visible
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121 when you are using multiple windows (q.v.@:). Most buffers are visiting
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122 (q.v.@:) some file. @xref{Buffers}.
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123
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124 @item Buffer Selection History
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125 Emacs keeps a buffer selection history which records how recently each
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126 Emacs buffer has been selected. This is used for choosing a buffer to
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127 select. @xref{Buffers}.
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128
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129 @item Bug
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130 A bug is an incorrect or unreasonable behavior of a program, or
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131 inaccurate or confusing documentation. Emacs developers treat bug
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132 reports, both in Emacs code and its documentation, very seriously and
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133 ask you to report any bugs you find. @xref{Bugs}.
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134
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135 @item Button Down Event
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136 A button down event is the kind of input event generated right away when
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137 you press down on a mouse button. @xref{Mouse Buttons}.
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138
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139 @item By Default
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140 See `default.'
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141
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142 @item Byte Compilation
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143 See `compilation.'
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144
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145 @item @kbd{C-}
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146 @kbd{C-} in the name of a character is an abbreviation for Control.
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147 @xref{User Input,C-}.
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148
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149 @item @kbd{C-M-}
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150 @kbd{C-M-} in the name of a character is an abbreviation for
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151 Control-Meta. @xref{User Input,C-M-}.
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152
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153 @item Case Conversion
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154 Case conversion means changing text from upper case to lower case or
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155 vice versa. @xref{Case}, for the commands for case conversion.
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156
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157 @item Character
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158 Characters form the contents of an Emacs buffer; see @ref{Text
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159 Characters}. Also, key sequences (q.v.@:) are usually made up of
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160 characters (though they may include other input events as well).
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161 @xref{User Input}.
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162
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163 @item Character Set
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164 Emacs supports a number of character sets, each of which represents a
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165 particular alphabet or script. @xref{International}.
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166
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167 @item Character Terminal
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168 See `text-only terminal.'
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169
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170 @item Click Event
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171 A click event is the kind of input event generated when you press a
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172 mouse button and release it without moving the mouse. @xref{Mouse Buttons}.
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173
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174 @item Clipboard
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175 A clipboard is a buffer provided by the window system for transferring
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176 text between applications. On the X Window system, the clipboard is
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177 provided in addition to the primary selection (q.v.@:); on MS-Windows,
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178 the clipboard is used @emph{instead} of the primary selection.
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179 @xref{Clipboard}.
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180
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181 @item Coding System
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182 A coding system is an encoding for representing text characters in a
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183 file or in a stream of information. Emacs has the ability to convert
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184 text to or from a variety of coding systems when reading or writing it.
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185 @xref{Coding Systems}.
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186
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187 @item Command
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188 A command is a Lisp function specially defined to be able to serve as a
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189 key binding in Emacs. When you type a key sequence (q.v.@:), its
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190 binding (q.v.@:) is looked up in the relevant keymaps (q.v.@:) to find
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191 the command to run. @xref{Commands}.
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192
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193 @item Command History
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194 See `minibuffer history.'
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195
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196 @item Command Name
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197 A command name is the name of a Lisp symbol which is a command
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198 (@pxref{Commands}). You can invoke any command by its name using
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199 @kbd{M-x} (@pxref{M-x,M-x,Running Commands by Name}).
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200
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201 @item Comment
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202 A comment is text in a program which is intended only for humans reading
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203 the program, and which is marked specially so that it will be ignored
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204 when the program is loaded or compiled. Emacs offers special commands
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205 for creating, aligning and killing comments. @xref{Comments}.
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206
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207 @item Common Lisp
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208 Common Lisp is a dialect of Lisp (q.v.@:) much larger and more powerful
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209 than Emacs Lisp. Emacs provides a subset of Common Lisp in the CL
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210 package. @xref{Top, Common Lisp, Overview, cl, Common Lisp Extensions}.
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211
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212 @item Compilation
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213 Compilation is the process of creating an executable program from source
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214 code. Emacs has commands for compiling files of Emacs Lisp code
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215 (@pxref{Byte Compilation,,, elisp, the Emacs Lisp
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216 Reference Manual}) and programs in C and other languages
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217 (@pxref{Compilation}).
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218
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219 @item Complete Key
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220 A complete key is a key sequence which fully specifies one action to be
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221 performed by Emacs. For example, @kbd{X} and @kbd{C-f} and @kbd{C-x m}
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222 are complete keys. Complete keys derive their meanings from being bound
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223 (q.v.@:) to commands (q.v.@:). Thus, @kbd{X} is conventionally bound to
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224 a command to insert @samp{X} in the buffer; @kbd{C-x m} is
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225 conventionally bound to a command to begin composing a mail message.
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226 @xref{Keys}.
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227
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228 @item Completion
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229 Completion is what Emacs does when it automatically fills out an
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230 abbreviation for a name into the entire name. Completion is done for
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231 minibuffer (q.v.@:) arguments when the set of possible valid inputs
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232 is known; for example, on command names, buffer names, and
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233 file names. Completion occurs when @key{TAB}, @key{SPC} or @key{RET}
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234 is typed. @xref{Completion}.@refill
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235
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236 @item Continuation Line
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237 When a line of text is longer than the width of the window, it
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238 takes up more than one screen line when displayed. We say that the
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239 text line is continued, and all screen lines used for it after the
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240 first are called continuation lines. @xref{Continuation Lines}.
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241 A related Emacs feature is `filling' (q.v.@:).
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242
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243 @item Control Character
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244 A control character is a character that you type by holding down the
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245 @key{CTRL} key. Some control characters also have their own keys, so
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246 that you can type them without using @key{CTRL}. For example,
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247 @key{RET}, @key{TAB}, @key{ESC} and @key{DEL} are all control
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248 characters. @xref{User Input}.
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249
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250 @item Copyleft
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251 A copyleft is a notice giving the public legal permission to
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252 redistribute and modify a program or other work of art, but requiring
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253 modified versions to carry similar permission. Copyright is normally
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254 used to keep users divided and helpless; with copyleft we turn that
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255 around to empower users and encourage them to cooperate.
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256
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257 The particular form of copyleft used by the GNU project is called the
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258 GNU General Public License. @xref{Copying}.
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259
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260 @item @key{CTRL}
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261 The @key{CTRL} or ``control'' key is what you hold down
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262 in order to enter a control character (q.v.).
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263
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264 @item Current Buffer
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265 The current buffer in Emacs is the Emacs buffer on which most editing
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266 commands operate. You can select any Emacs buffer as the current one.
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267 @xref{Buffers}.
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268
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269 @item Current Line
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270 The current line is the line that point is on (@pxref{Point}).
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271
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272 @item Current Paragraph
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273 The current paragraph is the paragraph that point is in. If point is
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274 between two paragraphs, the current paragraph is the one that follows
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275 point. @xref{Paragraphs}.
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276
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277 @item Current Defun
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278 The current defun is the defun (q.v.@:) that point is in. If point is
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279 between defuns, the current defun is the one that follows point.
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280 @xref{Defuns}.
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281
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282 @item Cursor
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283 The cursor is the rectangle on the screen which indicates the position
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284 called point (q.v.@:) at which insertion and deletion takes place.
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285 The cursor is on or under the character that follows point. Often
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286 people speak of `the cursor' when, strictly speaking, they mean
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287 `point.' @xref{Point,Cursor}.
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288
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289 @item Customization
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290 Customization is making minor changes in the way Emacs works. It is
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291 often done by setting variables (@pxref{Variables}) or faces
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292 (@pxref{Face Customization}), or by rebinding key sequences
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293 (@pxref{Keymaps}).
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294
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295 @cindex cut and paste
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296 @item Cut and Paste
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297 See `killing' and `yanking.'
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298
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299 @item Default Argument
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300 The default for an argument is the value that will be assumed if you
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301 do not specify one. When the minibuffer is used to read an argument,
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302 the default argument is used if you just type @key{RET}.
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303 @xref{Minibuffer}.
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304
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305 @item Default
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306 A default is the value that is used for a certain purpose if and when
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307 you do not specify a value to use.
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308
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309 @item Default Directory
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310 When you specify a file name that does not start with @samp{/} or @samp{~},
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311 it is interpreted relative to the current buffer's default directory.
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312 (On MS-Windows and MS-DOS, file names which start with a drive letter
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313 @samp{@var{x}:} are treated as absolute, not relative.)
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314 @xref{Minibuffer File,Default Directory}.
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315
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316 @item Defun
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317 A defun is a major definition at the top level in a program. The name
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318 `defun' comes from Lisp, where most such definitions use the construct
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319 @code{defun}. @xref{Defuns}.
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320
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321 @item @key{DEL}
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322 @key{DEL} is a character that runs the command to delete one character
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323 of text before the cursor. It is typically either the @key{DELETE}
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324 key or the @key{BACKSPACE} key, whichever one is easy to type.
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325 @xref{Erasing,DEL}.
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326
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327 @item Deletion
|
|
|
328 Deletion means erasing text without copying it into the kill ring
|
|
|
329 (q.v.@:). The alternative is killing (q.v.@:). @xref{Killing,Deletion}.
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330
|
|
|
331 @item Deletion of Files
|
|
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332 Deleting a file means erasing it from the file system.
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333 @xref{Misc File Ops,Misc File Ops,Miscellaneous File Operations}.
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334
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335 @item Deletion of Messages
|
|
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336 Deleting a message means flagging it to be eliminated from your mail
|
|
|
337 file. Until you expunge (q.v.@:) the Rmail file, you can still undelete
|
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338 the messages you have deleted. @xref{Rmail Deletion}.
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339
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|
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340 @item Deletion of Windows
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341 Deleting a window means eliminating it from the screen. Other windows
|
|
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342 expand to use up the space. The deleted window can never come back,
|
|
|
343 but no actual text is thereby lost. @xref{Windows}.
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344
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|
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345 @item Directory
|
|
|
346 File directories are named collections in the file system, within which
|
|
|
347 you can place individual files or subdirectories. @xref{Directories}.
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348
|
|
|
349 @item Dired
|
|
|
350 Dired is the Emacs facility that displays the contents of a file
|
|
|
351 directory and allows you to ``edit the directory,'' performing
|
|
|
352 operations on the files in the directory. @xref{Dired}.
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|
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353
|
|
|
354 @item Disabled Command
|
|
|
355 A disabled command is one that you may not run without special
|
|
|
356 confirmation. The usual reason for disabling a command is that it is
|
|
|
357 confusing for beginning users. @xref{Disabling}.
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|
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358
|
|
|
359 @item Down Event
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360 Short for `button down event' (q.v.@:).
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361
|
|
|
362 @item Drag Event
|
|
|
363 A drag event is the kind of input event generated when you press a mouse
|
|
|
364 button, move the mouse, and then release the button. @xref{Mouse
|
|
|
365 Buttons}.
|
|
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366
|
|
|
367 @item Dribble File
|
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368 A dribble file is a file into which Emacs writes all the characters that
|
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369 the user types on the keyboard. Dribble files are used to make a record
|
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|
370 for debugging Emacs bugs. Emacs does not make a dribble file unless you
|
|
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371 tell it to. @xref{Bugs}.
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|
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372
|
|
|
373 @item Echo Area
|
|
|
374 The echo area is the bottom line of the screen, used for echoing the
|
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375 arguments to commands, for asking questions, and showing brief messages
|
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376 (including error messages). The messages are stored in the buffer
|
|
|
377 @samp{*Messages*} so you can review them later. @xref{Echo Area}.
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|
|
378
|
|
|
379 @item Echoing
|
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380 Echoing is acknowledging the receipt of input events by displaying
|
|
|
381 them (in the echo area). Emacs never echoes single-character key
|
|
|
382 sequences; longer key sequences echo only if you pause while typing
|
|
|
383 them.
|
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384
|
|
|
385 @item Electric
|
|
|
386 We say that a character is electric if it is normally self-inserting
|
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|
387 (q.v.@:), but the current major mode (q.v.@:) redefines it to do something
|
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388 else as well. For example, some programming language major modes define
|
|
|
389 particular delimiter characters to reindent the line or insert one or
|
|
|
390 more newlines in addition to self-insertion.
|
|
|
391
|
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392 @item End Of Line
|
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393 End of line is a character or a sequence of characters that indicate
|
|
|
394 the end of a text line. On GNU and Unix systems, this is a newline
|
|
|
395 (q.v.@:), but other systems have other conventions. @xref{Coding
|
|
|
396 Systems,end-of-line}. Emacs can recognize several end-of-line
|
|
|
397 conventions in files and convert between them.
|
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|
398
|
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|
399 @item Environment Variable
|
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|
400 An environment variable is one of a collection of variables stored by
|
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|
401 the operating system, each one having a name and a value. Emacs can
|
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|
402 access environment variables set by its parent shell, and it can set
|
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|
403 variables in the environment it passes to programs it invokes.
|
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|
404 @xref{Environment}.
|
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|
405
|
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|
406 @item EOL
|
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|
407 See `end of line.'
|
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|
408
|
|
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409 @item Error
|
|
|
410 An error occurs when an Emacs command cannot execute in the current
|
|
|
411 circumstances. When an error occurs, execution of the command stops
|
|
|
412 (unless the command has been programmed to do otherwise) and Emacs
|
|
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413 reports the error by displaying an error message (q.v.@:). Type-ahead
|
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414 is discarded. Then Emacs is ready to read another editing command.
|
|
|
415
|
|
|
416 @item Error Message
|
|
|
417 An error message is a single line of output displayed by Emacs when the
|
|
|
418 user asks for something impossible to do (such as, killing text
|
|
|
419 forward when point is at the end of the buffer). They appear in the
|
|
|
420 echo area, accompanied by a beep.
|
|
|
421
|
|
|
422 @item @key{ESC}
|
|
|
423 @key{ESC} is a character used as a prefix for typing Meta characters on
|
|
|
424 keyboards lacking a @key{META} key. Unlike the @key{META} key (which,
|
|
|
425 like the @key{SHIFT} key, is held down while another character is
|
|
|
426 typed), you press the @key{ESC} key as you would press a letter key, and
|
|
|
427 it applies to the next character you type.
|
|
|
428
|
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429 @item Expression
|
|
|
430 See `balanced expression.'
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|
|
431
|
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432 @item Expunging
|
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|
433 Expunging an Rmail file or Dired buffer or a Gnus newsgroup buffer is an
|
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|
434 operation that truly discards the messages or files you have previously
|
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|
435 flagged for deletion.
|
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|
436
|
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|
437 @item Face
|
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438 A face is a style of displaying characters. It specifies attributes
|
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|
439 such as font family and size, foreground and background colors,
|
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|
440 underline and strike-through, background stipple, etc. Emacs provides
|
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|
441 features to associate specific faces with portions of buffer text, in
|
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|
442 order to display that text as specified by the face attributes.
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|
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443 @xref{Faces}.
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444
|
|
|
445 @item File Locking
|
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446 Emacs uses file locking to notice when two different users
|
|
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447 start to edit one file at the same time. @xref{Interlocking}.
|
|
|
448
|
|
|
449 @item File Name
|
|
|
450 A file name is a name that refers to a file. File names may be relative
|
|
|
451 or absolute; the meaning of a relative file name depends on the current
|
|
|
452 directory, but an absolute file name refers to the same file regardless
|
|
|
453 of which directory is current. On GNU and Unix systems, an absolute
|
|
|
454 file name starts with a slash (the root directory) or with @samp{~/} or
|
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455 @samp{~@var{user}/} (a home directory). On MS-Windows/MS-DOS, and
|
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|
456 absolute file name can also start with a drive letter and a colon
|
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457 @samp{@var{d}:}.
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458
|
|
|
459 Some people use the term ``pathname'' for file names, but we do not;
|
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|
460 we use the word ``path'' only in the term ``search path'' (q.v.@:).
|
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461
|
|
|
462 @item File-Name Component
|
|
|
463 A file-name component names a file directly within a particular
|
|
|
464 directory. On GNU and Unix systems, a file name is a sequence of
|
|
|
465 file-name components, separated by slashes. For example, @file{foo/bar}
|
|
|
466 is a file name containing two components, @samp{foo} and @samp{bar}; it
|
|
|
467 refers to the file named @samp{bar} in the directory named @samp{foo} in
|
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468 the current directory. MS-DOS/MS-Windows file names can also use
|
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|
469 backslashes to separate components, as in @file{foo\bar}.
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470
|
|
|
471 @item Fill Prefix
|
|
|
472 The fill prefix is a string that should be expected at the beginning
|
|
|
473 of each line when filling is done. It is not regarded as part of the
|
|
|
474 text to be filled. @xref{Filling}.
|
|
|
475
|
|
|
476 @item Filling
|
|
|
477 Filling text means shifting text between consecutive lines so that all
|
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478 the lines are approximately the same length. @xref{Filling}. Some
|
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|
479 other editors call this feature `line wrapping.'
|
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|
480
|
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|
481 @item Font Lock
|
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changeset
|
482 Font Lock is a mode that highlights parts of buffer text according to
|
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
483 its syntax. @xref{Font Lock}.
|
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
484
|
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(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
485 @item Fontset
|
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diff
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|
486 A fontset is a named collection of fonts. A fontset specification lists
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
487 character sets and which font to use to display each of them. Fontsets
|
3919e7300eea
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
488 make it easy to change several fonts at once by specifying the name of a
|
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
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|
489 fontset, rather than changing each font separately. @xref{Fontsets}.
|
|
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|
490
|
|
|
491 @item Formatted Text
|
|
|
492 Formatted text is text that displays with formatting information while
|
|
|
493 you edit. Formatting information includes fonts, colors, and specified
|
|
|
494 margins. @xref{Formatted Text}.
|
|
|
495
|
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|
496 @item Formfeed Character
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
497 See `page.'
|
3919e7300eea
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diff
changeset
|
498
|
|
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|
499 @item Frame
|
|
|
500 A frame is a rectangular cluster of Emacs windows. Emacs starts out
|
|
|
501 with one frame, but you can create more. You can subdivide each frame
|
|
60428
|
502 into Emacs windows (q.v.@:). When you are using a window system
|
|
|
503 (q.v.@:), all the frames can be visible at the same time.
|
|
|
504 @xref{Frames}. Some other editors use the term ``window'' for this,
|
|
|
505 but in Emacs a window means something else.
|
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diff
changeset
|
506
|
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diff
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|
507 @item Fringe
|
|
60428
|
508 On a graphical terminal (q.v.@:), there's a narrow portion of the
|
|
|
509 frame (q.v.@:) between the text area and the window's border. Emacs
|
|
|
510 displays the fringe using a special face (q.v.@:) called
|
|
|
511 @code{fringe}. @xref{Faces,fringe}.
|
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
512
|
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(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
513 @item FTP
|
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diff
changeset
|
514 FTP is an acronym for File Transfer Protocol. Emacs uses an FTP client
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
515 program to provide access to remote files (q.v.@:).
|
|
25829
|
516
|
|
|
517 @item Function Key
|
|
|
518 A function key is a key on the keyboard that sends input but does not
|
|
|
519 correspond to any character. @xref{Function Keys}.
|
|
|
520
|
|
|
521 @item Global
|
|
36184
|
522 Global means ``independent of the current environment; in effect
|
|
|
523 throughout Emacs.'' It is the opposite of local (q.v.@:). Particular
|
|
25829
|
524 examples of the use of `global' appear below.
|
|
|
525
|
|
|
526 @item Global Abbrev
|
|
|
527 A global definition of an abbrev (q.v.@:) is effective in all major
|
|
|
528 modes that do not have local (q.v.@:) definitions for the same abbrev.
|
|
|
529 @xref{Abbrevs}.
|
|
|
530
|
|
|
531 @item Global Keymap
|
|
|
532 The global keymap (q.v.@:) contains key bindings that are in effect
|
|
|
533 except when overridden by local key bindings in a major mode's local
|
|
|
534 keymap (q.v.@:). @xref{Keymaps}.
|
|
|
535
|
|
|
536 @item Global Mark Ring
|
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
537 The global mark ring records the series of buffers you have recently
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
538 set a mark (q.v.@:) in. In many cases you can use this to backtrack
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
539 through buffers you have been editing in, or in which you have found
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
540 tags (see `tags table'). @xref{Global Mark Ring}.
|
|
25829
|
541
|
|
|
542 @item Global Substitution
|
|
|
543 Global substitution means replacing each occurrence of one string by
|
|
38461
|
544 another string throughout a large amount of text. @xref{Replace}.
|
|
25829
|
545
|
|
|
546 @item Global Variable
|
|
|
547 The global value of a variable (q.v.@:) takes effect in all buffers
|
|
|
548 that do not have their own local (q.v.@:) values for the variable.
|
|
|
549 @xref{Variables}.
|
|
|
550
|
|
|
551 @item Graphic Character
|
|
|
552 Graphic characters are those assigned pictorial images rather than
|
|
|
553 just names. All the non-Meta (q.v.@:) characters except for the
|
|
|
554 Control (q.v.@:) characters are graphic characters. These include
|
|
|
555 letters, digits, punctuation, and spaces; they do not include
|
|
|
556 @key{RET} or @key{ESC}. In Emacs, typing a graphic character inserts
|
|
54472
|
557 that character (in ordinary editing modes). @xref{Inserting Text}.
|
|
25829
|
558
|
|
60428
|
559 @item Graphical Terminal
|
|
|
560 A graphical terminal is one that can display images and multiple fonts.
|
|
|
561 Usually it also has a window system (q.v.@:).
|
|
|
562
|
|
25829
|
563 @item Highlighting
|
|
|
564 Highlighting text means displaying it with a different foreground and/or
|
|
|
565 background color to make it stand out from the rest of the text in the
|
|
|
566 buffer.
|
|
|
567
|
|
40589
|
568 Emacs uses highlighting in several ways. When you mark a region with
|
|
|
569 the mouse, the region is always highlighted. Optionally Emacs can
|
|
40615
|
570 also highlight the region whenever it is active (@pxref{Transient
|
|
|
571 Mark}). Incremental search also highlights matches (@pxref{Incremental
|
|
|
572 Search}). See also `font lock'.
|
|
40589
|
573
|
|
25829
|
574 @item Hardcopy
|
|
|
575 Hardcopy means printed output. Emacs has commands for making printed
|
|
|
576 listings of text in Emacs buffers. @xref{Hardcopy}.
|
|
|
577
|
|
|
578 @item @key{HELP}
|
|
|
579 @key{HELP} is the Emacs name for @kbd{C-h} or @key{F1}. You can type
|
|
|
580 @key{HELP} at any time to ask what options you have, or to ask what any
|
|
|
581 command does. @xref{Help}.
|
|
|
582
|
36839
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(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
583 @item Help Echo
|
|
38870
|
584 Help echo is a short message displayed in the echo area when the mouse
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
585 pointer is located on portions of display that require some
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
586 explanations. Emacs displays help echo for menu items, parts of the
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
587 mode line, tool-bar buttons, etc. On graphics displays, the messages
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
588 can be displayed as tooltips (q.v.@:). @xref{Tooltips}.
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
589
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
590 @item Hook
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
591 A hook is a list of functions to be called on specific occasions, such
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
592 as saving a buffer in a file, major mode activation, etc. By
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
593 customizing the various hooks, you can modify Emacs's behavior without
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
594 changing any of its code. @xref{Hooks}.
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
595
|
|
25829
|
596 @item Hyper
|
|
|
597 Hyper is the name of a modifier bit which a keyboard input character may
|
|
|
598 have. To make a character Hyper, type it while holding down the
|
|
|
599 @key{HYPER} key. Such characters are given names that start with
|
|
|
600 @kbd{Hyper-} (usually written @kbd{H-} for short). @xref{User Input,
|
|
|
601 Hyper}.
|
|
|
602
|
|
|
603 @item Inbox
|
|
|
604 An inbox is a file in which mail is delivered by the operating system.
|
|
|
605 Rmail transfers mail from inboxes to Rmail files (q.v.@:) in which the
|
|
|
606 mail is then stored permanently or until explicitly deleted.
|
|
|
607 @xref{Rmail Inbox}.
|
|
|
608
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
609 @item Incremental Search
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
610 Emacs provides an incremental search facility, whereby Emacs searches
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
611 for the string as you type it. @xref{Incremental Search}.
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
612
|
|
25829
|
613 @item Indentation
|
|
|
614 Indentation means blank space at the beginning of a line. Most
|
|
|
615 programming languages have conventions for using indentation to
|
|
|
616 illuminate the structure of the program, and Emacs has special
|
|
|
617 commands to adjust indentation.
|
|
|
618 @xref{Indentation}.
|
|
|
619
|
|
|
620 @item Indirect Buffer
|
|
|
621 An indirect buffer is a buffer that shares the text of another buffer,
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
622 called its base buffer (q.v.@:). @xref{Indirect Buffers}.
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
623
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
624 @item Info
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
625 Info is the hypertext format used by the GNU project for writing
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
626 documentation.
|
|
25829
|
627
|
|
|
628 @item Input Event
|
|
|
629 An input event represents, within Emacs, one action taken by the user on
|
|
|
630 the terminal. Input events include typing characters, typing function
|
|
|
631 keys, pressing or releasing mouse buttons, and switching between Emacs
|
|
|
632 frames. @xref{User Input}.
|
|
|
633
|
|
|
634 @item Input Method
|
|
52979
|
635 An input method is a system for entering non-@acronym{ASCII} text characters by
|
|
|
636 typing sequences of @acronym{ASCII} characters (q.v.@:). @xref{Input Methods}.
|
|
25829
|
637
|
|
|
638 @item Insertion
|
|
|
639 Insertion means copying text into the buffer, either from the keyboard
|
|
|
640 or from some other place in Emacs.
|
|
|
641
|
|
|
642 @item Interlocking
|
|
|
643 Interlocking is a feature for warning when you start to alter a file
|
|
37845
|
644 that someone else is already editing.
|
|
|
645 @xref{Interlocking,Interlocking,Simultaneous Editing}.
|
|
25829
|
646
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
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diff
changeset
|
647 @item Isearch
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
648 See `incremental search.'
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
649
|
|
25829
|
650 @item Justification
|
|
38461
|
651 Justification means adding extra spaces within lines of text to make
|
|
38490
|
652 them extend exactly to a specified width.
|
|
54472
|
653 @xref{Format Justification}.
|
|
25829
|
654
|
|
60428
|
655 @item Keybinding
|
|
|
656 See `binding.'
|
|
|
657
|
|
25829
|
658 @item Keyboard Macro
|
|
|
659 Keyboard macros are a way of defining new Emacs commands from
|
|
|
660 sequences of existing ones, with no need to write a Lisp program.
|
|
|
661 @xref{Keyboard Macros}.
|
|
|
662
|
|
37712
|
663 @cindex keyboard shortcuts
|
|
|
664 @item Keyboard Shortcut
|
|
|
665 A keyboard shortcut is a key sequence (q.v.@:) which invokes a
|
|
|
666 command. What other programs call ``assign a keyboard shortcut''
|
|
|
667 Emacs calls ``bind a key sequence''. See `binding.'
|
|
|
668
|
|
25829
|
669 @item Key Sequence
|
|
|
670 A key sequence (key, for short) is a sequence of input events (q.v.@:)
|
|
|
671 that are meaningful as a single unit. If the key sequence is enough to
|
|
|
672 specify one action, it is a complete key (q.v.@:); if it is not enough,
|
|
|
673 it is a prefix key (q.v.@:). @xref{Keys}.
|
|
|
674
|
|
|
675 @item Keymap
|
|
|
676 The keymap is the data structure that records the bindings (q.v.@:) of
|
|
|
677 key sequences to the commands that they run. For example, the global
|
|
|
678 keymap binds the character @kbd{C-n} to the command function
|
|
|
679 @code{next-line}. @xref{Keymaps}.
|
|
|
680
|
|
|
681 @item Keyboard Translation Table
|
|
|
682 The keyboard translation table is an array that translates the character
|
|
|
683 codes that come from the terminal into the character codes that make up
|
|
|
684 key sequences. @xref{Keyboard Translations}.
|
|
|
685
|
|
|
686 @item Kill Ring
|
|
|
687 The kill ring is where all text you have killed recently is saved.
|
|
|
688 You can reinsert any of the killed text still in the ring; this is
|
|
|
689 called yanking (q.v.@:). @xref{Yanking}.
|
|
|
690
|
|
|
691 @item Killing
|
|
|
692 Killing means erasing text and saving it on the kill ring so it can be
|
|
|
693 yanked (q.v.@:) later. Some other systems call this ``cutting.''
|
|
38461
|
694 Most Emacs commands that erase text perform killing, as opposed to
|
|
|
695 deletion (q.v.@:). @xref{Killing}.
|
|
25829
|
696
|
36839
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diff
changeset
|
697 @item Killing a Job
|
|
25829
|
698 Killing a job (such as, an invocation of Emacs) means making it cease
|
|
|
699 to exist. Any data within it, if not saved in a file, is lost.
|
|
|
700 @xref{Exiting}.
|
|
|
701
|
|
|
702 @item Language Environment
|
|
|
703 Your choice of language environment specifies defaults for the input
|
|
|
704 method (q.v.@:) and coding system (q.v.@:). @xref{Language
|
|
52979
|
705 Environments}. These defaults are relevant if you edit non-@acronym{ASCII} text
|
|
25829
|
706 (@pxref{International}).
|
|
|
707
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
708 @item Line Wrapping
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
709 See `filling.'
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
710
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
711 @item Lisp
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
712 Lisp is a programming language. Most of Emacs is written in a dialect
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
713 of Lisp, called Emacs Lisp, that is extended with special features which
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
714 make it especially suitable for text editing tasks.
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
715
|
|
25829
|
716 @item List
|
|
|
717 A list is, approximately, a text string beginning with an open
|
|
|
718 parenthesis and ending with the matching close parenthesis. In C mode
|
|
|
719 and other non-Lisp modes, groupings surrounded by other kinds of matched
|
|
|
720 delimiters appropriate to the language, such as braces, are also
|
|
|
721 considered lists. Emacs has special commands for many operations on
|
|
38209
|
722 lists. @xref{Moving by Parens}.
|
|
25829
|
723
|
|
|
724 @item Local
|
|
36184
|
725 Local means ``in effect only in a particular context''; the relevant
|
|
25829
|
726 kind of context is a particular function execution, a particular
|
|
|
727 buffer, or a particular major mode. It is the opposite of `global'
|
|
|
728 (q.v.@:). Specific uses of `local' in Emacs terminology appear below.
|
|
|
729
|
|
|
730 @item Local Abbrev
|
|
|
731 A local abbrev definition is effective only if a particular major mode
|
|
|
732 is selected. In that major mode, it overrides any global definition
|
|
|
733 for the same abbrev. @xref{Abbrevs}.
|
|
|
734
|
|
|
735 @item Local Keymap
|
|
|
736 A local keymap is used in a particular major mode; the key bindings
|
|
|
737 (q.v.@:) in the current local keymap override global bindings of the
|
|
|
738 same key sequences. @xref{Keymaps}.
|
|
|
739
|
|
|
740 @item Local Variable
|
|
|
741 A local value of a variable (q.v.@:) applies to only one buffer.
|
|
|
742 @xref{Locals}.
|
|
|
743
|
|
|
744 @item @kbd{M-}
|
|
|
745 @kbd{M-} in the name of a character is an abbreviation for @key{META},
|
|
|
746 one of the modifier keys that can accompany any character.
|
|
54472
|
747 @xref{User Input,M-}.
|
|
25829
|
748
|
|
|
749 @item @kbd{M-C-}
|
|
|
750 @kbd{M-C-} in the name of a character is an abbreviation for
|
|
|
751 Control-Meta; it means the same thing as @kbd{C-M-}. If your
|
|
|
752 terminal lacks a real @key{META} key, you type a Control-Meta character by
|
|
|
753 typing @key{ESC} and then typing the corresponding Control character.
|
|
|
754 @xref{User Input,C-M-}.
|
|
|
755
|
|
|
756 @item @kbd{M-x}
|
|
|
757 @kbd{M-x} is the key sequence which is used to call an Emacs command by
|
|
|
758 name. This is how you run commands that are not bound to key sequences.
|
|
37845
|
759 @xref{M-x,M-x,Running Commands by Name}.
|
|
25829
|
760
|
|
|
761 @item Mail
|
|
|
762 Mail means messages sent from one user to another through the computer
|
|
|
763 system, to be read at the recipient's convenience. Emacs has commands for
|
|
|
764 composing and sending mail, and for reading and editing the mail you have
|
|
|
765 received. @xref{Sending Mail}. @xref{Rmail}, for how to read mail.
|
|
|
766
|
|
|
767 @item Mail Composition Method
|
|
|
768 A mail composition method is a program runnable within Emacs for editing
|
|
|
769 and sending a mail message. Emacs lets you select from several
|
|
|
770 alternative mail composition methods. @xref{Mail Methods}.
|
|
|
771
|
|
|
772 @item Major Mode
|
|
|
773 The Emacs major modes are a mutually exclusive set of options, each of
|
|
|
774 which configures Emacs for editing a certain sort of text. Ideally,
|
|
|
775 each programming language has its own major mode. @xref{Major Modes}.
|
|
|
776
|
|
60428
|
777 @item Margin
|
|
|
778 The space between the usable part of a window (including the
|
|
|
779 fringe) and the window edge.
|
|
|
780
|
|
25829
|
781 @item Mark
|
|
|
782 The mark points to a position in the text. It specifies one end of the
|
|
|
783 region (q.v.@:), point being the other end. Many commands operate on
|
|
|
784 all the text from point to the mark. Each buffer has its own mark.
|
|
|
785 @xref{Mark}.
|
|
|
786
|
|
|
787 @item Mark Ring
|
|
|
788 The mark ring is used to hold several recent previous locations of the
|
|
|
789 mark, just in case you want to move back to them. Each buffer has its
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
790 own mark ring; in addition, there is a single global mark ring (q.v.@:).
|
|
25829
|
791 @xref{Mark Ring}.
|
|
|
792
|
|
|
793 @item Menu Bar
|
|
|
794 The menu bar is the line at the top of an Emacs frame. It contains
|
|
33746
|
795 words you can click on with the mouse to bring up menus, or you can use
|
|
|
796 a keyboard interface to navigate it. @xref{Menu Bars}.
|
|
25829
|
797
|
|
|
798 @item Message
|
|
36184
|
799 See `mail.'
|
|
25829
|
800
|
|
|
801 @item Meta
|
|
40732
|
802 Meta is the name of a modifier bit which you can use in a command
|
|
40763
|
803 character. To enter a meta character, you hold down the @key{META}
|
|
|
804 key while typing the character. We refer to such characters with
|
|
|
805 names that start with @kbd{Meta-} (usually written @kbd{M-} for
|
|
40732
|
806 short). For example, @kbd{M-<} is typed by holding down @key{META}
|
|
|
807 and at the same time typing @kbd{<} (which itself is done, on most
|
|
|
808 terminals, by holding down @key{SHIFT} and typing @kbd{,}).
|
|
|
809 @xref{User Input,Meta}.
|
|
25829
|
810
|
|
40763
|
811 On some terminals, the @key{META} key is actually labeled @key{ALT}
|
|
|
812 or @key{EDIT}.
|
|
|
813
|
|
25829
|
814 @item Meta Character
|
|
|
815 A Meta character is one whose character code includes the Meta bit.
|
|
|
816
|
|
|
817 @item Minibuffer
|
|
|
818 The minibuffer is the window that appears when necessary inside the
|
|
|
819 echo area (q.v.@:), used for reading arguments to commands.
|
|
|
820 @xref{Minibuffer}.
|
|
|
821
|
|
|
822 @item Minibuffer History
|
|
|
823 The minibuffer history records the text you have specified in the past
|
|
|
824 for minibuffer arguments, so you can conveniently use the same text
|
|
|
825 again. @xref{Minibuffer History}.
|
|
|
826
|
|
|
827 @item Minor Mode
|
|
|
828 A minor mode is an optional feature of Emacs which can be switched on
|
|
|
829 or off independently of all other features. Each minor mode has a
|
|
|
830 command to turn it on or off. @xref{Minor Modes}.
|
|
|
831
|
|
|
832 @item Minor Mode Keymap
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
833 A minor mode keymap is a keymap that belongs to a minor mode and is
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
834 active when that mode is enabled. Minor mode keymaps take precedence
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
835 over the buffer's local keymap, just as the local keymap takes
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
836 precedence over the global keymap. @xref{Keymaps}.
|
|
25829
|
837
|
|
|
838 @item Mode Line
|
|
|
839 The mode line is the line at the bottom of each window (q.v.@:), giving
|
|
|
840 status information on the buffer displayed in that window. @xref{Mode
|
|
|
841 Line}.
|
|
|
842
|
|
|
843 @item Modified Buffer
|
|
|
844 A buffer (q.v.@:) is modified if its text has been changed since the
|
|
|
845 last time the buffer was saved (or since when it was created, if it
|
|
|
846 has never been saved). @xref{Saving}.
|
|
|
847
|
|
|
848 @item Moving Text
|
|
|
849 Moving text means erasing it from one place and inserting it in
|
|
|
850 another. The usual way to move text by killing (q.v.@:) and then
|
|
|
851 yanking (q.v.@:). @xref{Killing}.
|
|
|
852
|
|
|
853 @item MULE
|
|
52979
|
854 MULE refers to the Emacs features for editing multilingual non-@acronym{ASCII} text
|
|
25829
|
855 using multibyte characters (q.v.@:). @xref{International}.
|
|
|
856
|
|
|
857 @item Multibyte Character
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
858 A multibyte character is a character that takes up several bytes in a
|
|
52979
|
859 buffer. Emacs uses multibyte characters to represent non-@acronym{ASCII} text,
|
|
|
860 since the number of non-@acronym{ASCII} characters is much more than 256.
|
|
37845
|
861 @xref{International Chars, International Characters}.
|
|
25829
|
862
|
|
|
863 @item Named Mark
|
|
|
864 A named mark is a register (q.v.@:) in its role of recording a
|
|
|
865 location in text so that you can move point to that location.
|
|
|
866 @xref{Registers}.
|
|
|
867
|
|
|
868 @item Narrowing
|
|
|
869 Narrowing means creating a restriction (q.v.@:) that limits editing in
|
|
|
870 the current buffer to only a part of the text in the buffer. Text
|
|
|
871 outside that part is inaccessible to the user until the boundaries are
|
|
|
872 widened again, but it is still there, and saving the file saves it
|
|
|
873 all. @xref{Narrowing}.
|
|
|
874
|
|
|
875 @item Newline
|
|
|
876 Control-J characters in the buffer terminate lines of text and are
|
|
|
877 therefore also called newlines. @xref{Text Characters,Newline}.
|
|
|
878
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
879 @cindex nil
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
880 @cindex t
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
881 @item @code{nil}
|
|
36849
|
882 @code{nil} is a value usually interpreted as a logical ``false.'' Its
|
|
|
883 opposite is @code{t}, interpreted as ``true.''
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
884
|
|
25829
|
885 @item Numeric Argument
|
|
|
886 A numeric argument is a number, specified before a command, to change
|
|
|
887 the effect of the command. Often the numeric argument serves as a
|
|
|
888 repeat count. @xref{Arguments}.
|
|
|
889
|
|
|
890 @item Overwrite Mode
|
|
|
891 Overwrite mode is a minor mode. When it is enabled, ordinary text
|
|
|
892 characters replace the existing text after point rather than pushing
|
|
|
893 it to the right. @xref{Minor Modes}.
|
|
|
894
|
|
|
895 @item Page
|
|
52979
|
896 A page is a unit of text, delimited by formfeed characters (@acronym{ASCII}
|
|
25829
|
897 control-L, code 014) coming at the beginning of a line. Some Emacs
|
|
|
898 commands are provided for moving over and operating on pages.
|
|
|
899 @xref{Pages}.
|
|
|
900
|
|
|
901 @item Paragraph
|
|
36158
|
902 Paragraphs are the medium-size unit of human-language text. There are
|
|
25829
|
903 special Emacs commands for moving over and operating on paragraphs.
|
|
|
904 @xref{Paragraphs}.
|
|
|
905
|
|
|
906 @item Parsing
|
|
|
907 We say that certain Emacs commands parse words or expressions in the
|
|
|
908 text being edited. Really, all they know how to do is find the other
|
|
|
909 end of a word or expression. @xref{Syntax}.
|
|
|
910
|
|
|
911 @item Point
|
|
|
912 Point is the place in the buffer at which insertion and deletion
|
|
|
913 occur. Point is considered to be between two characters, not at one
|
|
|
914 character. The terminal's cursor (q.v.@:) indicates the location of
|
|
54472
|
915 point. @xref{Point}.
|
|
49600
|
916
|
|
25829
|
917 @item Prefix Argument
|
|
36184
|
918 See `numeric argument.'
|
|
25829
|
919
|
|
|
920 @item Prefix Key
|
|
|
921 A prefix key is a key sequence (q.v.@:) whose sole function is to
|
|
|
922 introduce a set of longer key sequences. @kbd{C-x} is an example of
|
|
|
923 prefix key; any two-character sequence starting with @kbd{C-x} is
|
|
|
924 therefore a legitimate key sequence. @xref{Keys}.
|
|
|
925
|
|
|
926 @item Primary Rmail File
|
|
|
927 Your primary Rmail file is the file named @samp{RMAIL} in your home
|
|
|
928 directory. That's where Rmail stores your incoming mail, unless you
|
|
|
929 specify a different file name. @xref{Rmail}.
|
|
|
930
|
|
|
931 @item Primary Selection
|
|
|
932 The primary selection is one particular X selection (q.v.@:); it is the
|
|
|
933 selection that most X applications use for transferring text to and from
|
|
|
934 other applications.
|
|
|
935
|
|
|
936 The Emacs kill commands set the primary selection and the yank command
|
|
|
937 uses the primary selection when appropriate. @xref{Killing}.
|
|
|
938
|
|
|
939 @item Prompt
|
|
38870
|
940 A prompt is text used to ask the user for input. Displaying a prompt
|
|
25829
|
941 is called prompting. Emacs prompts always appear in the echo area
|
|
|
942 (q.v.@:). One kind of prompting happens when the minibuffer is used to
|
|
|
943 read an argument (@pxref{Minibuffer}); the echoing which happens when
|
|
|
944 you pause in the middle of typing a multi-character key sequence is also
|
|
|
945 a kind of prompting (@pxref{Echo Area}).
|
|
|
946
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
947 @item Query-Replace
|
|
36849
|
948 Query-replace is an interactive string replacement feature provided by
|
|
|
949 Emacs. @xref{Query Replace}.
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
950
|
|
25829
|
951 @item Quitting
|
|
|
952 Quitting means canceling a partially typed command or a running
|
|
|
953 command, using @kbd{C-g} (or @kbd{C-@key{BREAK}} on MS-DOS). @xref{Quitting}.
|
|
|
954
|
|
|
955 @item Quoting
|
|
|
956 Quoting means depriving a character of its usual special significance.
|
|
|
957 The most common kind of quoting in Emacs is with @kbd{C-q}. What
|
|
|
958 constitutes special significance depends on the context and on
|
|
|
959 convention. For example, an ``ordinary'' character as an Emacs command
|
|
|
960 inserts itself; so in this context, a special character is any character
|
|
|
961 that does not normally insert itself (such as @key{DEL}, for example),
|
|
|
962 and quoting it makes it insert itself as if it were not special. Not
|
|
54472
|
963 all contexts allow quoting. @xref{Inserting Text,Quoting}.
|
|
25829
|
964
|
|
|
965 @item Quoting File Names
|
|
|
966 Quoting a file name turns off the special significance of constructs
|
|
|
967 such as @samp{$}, @samp{~} and @samp{:}. @xref{Quoted File Names}.
|
|
|
968
|
|
|
969 @item Read-Only Buffer
|
|
|
970 A read-only buffer is one whose text you are not allowed to change.
|
|
|
971 Normally Emacs makes buffers read-only when they contain text which
|
|
|
972 has a special significance to Emacs; for example, Dired buffers.
|
|
|
973 Visiting a file that is write-protected also makes a read-only buffer.
|
|
|
974 @xref{Buffers}.
|
|
|
975
|
|
|
976 @item Rectangle
|
|
|
977 A rectangle consists of the text in a given range of columns on a given
|
|
|
978 range of lines. Normally you specify a rectangle by putting point at
|
|
38461
|
979 one corner and putting the mark at the diagonally opposite corner.
|
|
25829
|
980 @xref{Rectangles}.
|
|
|
981
|
|
|
982 @item Recursive Editing Level
|
|
|
983 A recursive editing level is a state in which part of the execution of
|
|
|
984 a command involves asking the user to edit some text. This text may
|
|
|
985 or may not be the same as the text to which the command was applied.
|
|
|
986 The mode line indicates recursive editing levels with square brackets
|
|
|
987 (@samp{[} and @samp{]}). @xref{Recursive Edit}.
|
|
|
988
|
|
|
989 @item Redisplay
|
|
|
990 Redisplay is the process of correcting the image on the screen to
|
|
|
991 correspond to changes that have been made in the text being edited.
|
|
|
992 @xref{Screen,Redisplay}.
|
|
|
993
|
|
|
994 @item Regexp
|
|
36184
|
995 See `regular expression.'
|
|
25829
|
996
|
|
|
997 @item Region
|
|
|
998 The region is the text between point (q.v.@:) and the mark (q.v.@:).
|
|
|
999 Many commands operate on the text of the region. @xref{Mark,Region}.
|
|
|
1000
|
|
60428
|
1001 @item Register
|
|
25829
|
1002 Registers are named slots in which text or buffer positions or
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1003 rectangles can be saved for later use. @xref{Registers}. A related
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1004 Emacs feature is `bookmarks' (q.v.@:).
|
|
25829
|
1005
|
|
|
1006 @item Regular Expression
|
|
|
1007 A regular expression is a pattern that can match various text strings;
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1008 for example, @samp{a[0-9]+} matches @samp{a} followed by one or more
|
|
25829
|
1009 digits. @xref{Regexps}.
|
|
|
1010
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1011 @item Remote File
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1012 A remote file is a file that is stored on a system other than your own.
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1013 Emacs can access files on other computers provided that they are
|
|
38461
|
1014 connected to the same network as your machine, and (obviously) that
|
|
|
1015 you have a supported method to gain access to those files.
|
|
|
1016 @xref{Remote Files}.
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1017
|
|
25829
|
1018 @item Repeat Count
|
|
36184
|
1019 See `numeric argument.'
|
|
25829
|
1020
|
|
|
1021 @item Replacement
|
|
36184
|
1022 See `global substitution.'
|
|
25829
|
1023
|
|
|
1024 @item Restriction
|
|
|
1025 A buffer's restriction is the amount of text, at the beginning or the
|
|
|
1026 end of the buffer, that is temporarily inaccessible. Giving a buffer a
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1027 nonzero amount of restriction is called narrowing (q.v.@:); removing
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1028 a restriction is called widening (q.v.@:). @xref{Narrowing}.
|
|
25829
|
1029
|
|
|
1030 @item @key{RET}
|
|
|
1031 @key{RET} is a character that in Emacs runs the command to insert a
|
|
|
1032 newline into the text. It is also used to terminate most arguments
|
|
|
1033 read in the minibuffer (q.v.@:). @xref{User Input,Return}.
|
|
|
1034
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1035 @item Reverting
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1036 Reverting means returning to the original state. Emacs lets you
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1037 revert a buffer by re-reading its file from disk. @xref{Reverting}.
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1038
|
|
25829
|
1039 @item Rmail File
|
|
|
1040 An Rmail file is a file containing text in a special format used by
|
|
|
1041 Rmail for storing mail. @xref{Rmail}.
|
|
|
1042
|
|
|
1043 @item Saving
|
|
|
1044 Saving a buffer means copying its text into the file that was visited
|
|
|
1045 (q.v.@:) in that buffer. This is the way text in files actually gets
|
|
|
1046 changed by your Emacs editing. @xref{Saving}.
|
|
|
1047
|
|
|
1048 @item Scroll Bar
|
|
|
1049 A scroll bar is a tall thin hollow box that appears at the side of a
|
|
|
1050 window. You can use mouse commands in the scroll bar to scroll the
|
|
33746
|
1051 window. The scroll bar feature is supported only under windowing
|
|
|
1052 systems. @xref{Scroll Bars}.
|
|
25829
|
1053
|
|
|
1054 @item Scrolling
|
|
|
1055 Scrolling means shifting the text in the Emacs window so as to see a
|
|
54472
|
1056 different part of the buffer. @xref{Scrolling}.
|
|
25829
|
1057
|
|
|
1058 @item Searching
|
|
|
1059 Searching means moving point to the next occurrence of a specified
|
|
|
1060 string or the next match for a specified regular expression.
|
|
|
1061 @xref{Search}.
|
|
|
1062
|
|
|
1063 @item Search Path
|
|
|
1064 A search path is a list of directory names, to be used for searching for
|
|
|
1065 files for certain purposes. For example, the variable @code{load-path}
|
|
|
1066 holds a search path for finding Lisp library files. @xref{Lisp Libraries}.
|
|
|
1067
|
|
|
1068 @item Secondary Selection
|
|
|
1069 The secondary selection is one particular X selection; some X
|
|
|
1070 applications can use it for transferring text to and from other
|
|
|
1071 applications. Emacs has special mouse commands for transferring text
|
|
|
1072 using the secondary selection. @xref{Secondary Selection}.
|
|
|
1073
|
|
60428
|
1074 @item Selected Frame
|
|
|
1075 The selected frame is the one your input currently operates on.
|
|
|
1076 @xref{Frames}.
|
|
|
1077
|
|
|
1078 @item Selected Window
|
|
|
1079 The selected frame is the one your input currently operates on.
|
|
60471
|
1080 @xref{Basic Window}.
|
|
60428
|
1081
|
|
|
1082 @item Selecting a Buffer
|
|
25829
|
1083 Selecting a buffer means making it the current (q.v.@:) buffer.
|
|
54472
|
1084 @xref{Select Buffer}.
|
|
25829
|
1085
|
|
|
1086 @item Selection
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1087 Windowing systems allow an application program to specify
|
|
25829
|
1088 selections whose values are text. A program can also read the
|
|
|
1089 selections that other programs have set up. This is the principal way
|
|
|
1090 of transferring text between window applications. Emacs has commands to
|
|
|
1091 work with the primary (q.v.@:) selection and the secondary (q.v.@:)
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1092 selection, and also with the clipboard (q.v.@:).
|
|
25829
|
1093
|
|
|
1094 @item Self-Documentation
|
|
|
1095 Self-documentation is the feature of Emacs which can tell you what any
|
|
|
1096 command does, or give you a list of all commands related to a topic
|
|
|
1097 you specify. You ask for self-documentation with the help character,
|
|
|
1098 @kbd{C-h}. @xref{Help}.
|
|
|
1099
|
|
|
1100 @item Self-Inserting Character
|
|
|
1101 A character is self-inserting if typing that character inserts that
|
|
|
1102 character in the buffer. Ordinary printing and whitespace characters
|
|
|
1103 are self-inserting in Emacs, except in certain special major modes.
|
|
|
1104
|
|
|
1105 @item Sentences
|
|
|
1106 Emacs has commands for moving by or killing by sentences.
|
|
|
1107 @xref{Sentences}.
|
|
|
1108
|
|
|
1109 @item Sexp
|
|
38209
|
1110 A sexp (short for ``s-expression'') is the basic syntactic unit of
|
|
|
1111 Lisp in its textual form: either a list, or Lisp atom. Sexps are also
|
|
|
1112 the balanced expressions (q.v.@:) of the Lisp language; this is why
|
|
|
1113 the commands for editing balanced expressions have `sexp' in their
|
|
|
1114 name. @xref{Expressions,Sexps}.
|
|
25829
|
1115
|
|
|
1116 @item Simultaneous Editing
|
|
|
1117 Simultaneous editing means two users modifying the same file at once.
|
|
38461
|
1118 Simultaneous editing, if not detected, can cause one user to lose his
|
|
38745
|
1119 or her work. Emacs detects all cases of simultaneous editing, and
|
|
|
1120 warns one of the users to investigate.
|
|
37845
|
1121 @xref{Interlocking,Interlocking,Simultaneous Editing}.
|
|
25829
|
1122
|
|
40732
|
1123 @item @key{SPC}
|
|
|
1124 @key{SPC} is the space character, which you enter by pressing the
|
|
|
1125 space bar.
|
|
|
1126
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1127 @item Speedbar
|
|
60428
|
1128 The speedbar is a special tall frame that provides fast access to Emacs
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1129 buffers, functions within those buffers, Info nodes, and other
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1130 interesting parts of text within Emacs. @xref{Speedbar}.
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1131
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1132 @item Spell Checking
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1133 Spell checking means checking correctness of the written form of each
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1134 one of the words in a text. Emacs uses the Ispell spelling-checker
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1135 program to check the spelling of parts of a buffer via a convenient user
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1136 interface. @xref{Spelling}.
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1137
|
|
25829
|
1138 @item String
|
|
|
1139 A string is a kind of Lisp data object which contains a sequence of
|
|
|
1140 characters. Many Emacs variables are intended to have strings as
|
|
|
1141 values. The Lisp syntax for a string consists of the characters in the
|
|
|
1142 string with a @samp{"} before and another @samp{"} after. A @samp{"}
|
|
|
1143 that is part of the string must be written as @samp{\"} and a @samp{\}
|
|
|
1144 that is part of the string must be written as @samp{\\}. All other
|
|
|
1145 characters, including newline, can be included just by writing them
|
|
|
1146 inside the string; however, backslash sequences as in C, such as
|
|
|
1147 @samp{\n} for newline or @samp{\241} using an octal character code, are
|
|
|
1148 allowed as well.
|
|
|
1149
|
|
|
1150 @item String Substitution
|
|
|
1151 See `global substitution'.
|
|
|
1152
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1153 @item Syntax Highlighting
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1154 See `font lock.'
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1155
|
|
25829
|
1156 @item Syntax Table
|
|
|
1157 The syntax table tells Emacs which characters are part of a word,
|
|
|
1158 which characters balance each other like parentheses, etc.
|
|
|
1159 @xref{Syntax}.
|
|
|
1160
|
|
|
1161 @item Super
|
|
|
1162 Super is the name of a modifier bit which a keyboard input character may
|
|
|
1163 have. To make a character Super, type it while holding down the
|
|
|
1164 @key{SUPER} key. Such characters are given names that start with
|
|
|
1165 @kbd{Super-} (usually written @kbd{s-} for short). @xref{User Input,
|
|
|
1166 Super}.
|
|
|
1167
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1168 @item Suspending
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1169 Suspending Emacs means stopping it temporarily and returning control
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1170 to its parent process, which is usually a shell. Unlike killing a job
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1171 (q.v.@:), you can later resume the suspended Emacs job without losing
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1172 your buffers, unsaved edits, undo history, etc. @xref{Exiting}.
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1173
|
|
40732
|
1174 @item @key{TAB}
|
|
|
1175 @key{TAB} is the tab character. In Emacs it is typically used for
|
|
|
1176 indentation or completion.
|
|
|
1177
|
|
25829
|
1178 @item Tags Table
|
|
|
1179 A tags table is a file that serves as an index to the function
|
|
|
1180 definitions in one or more other files. @xref{Tags}.
|
|
|
1181
|
|
|
1182 @item Termscript File
|
|
|
1183 A termscript file contains a record of all characters sent by Emacs to
|
|
|
1184 the terminal. It is used for tracking down bugs in Emacs redisplay.
|
|
|
1185 Emacs does not make a termscript file unless you tell it to.
|
|
|
1186 @xref{Bugs}.
|
|
|
1187
|
|
|
1188 @item Text
|
|
38461
|
1189 `Text' has two meanings (@pxref{Text}):
|
|
25829
|
1190
|
|
|
1191 @itemize @bullet
|
|
|
1192 @item
|
|
|
1193 Data consisting of a sequence of characters, as opposed to binary
|
|
37845
|
1194 numbers, executable programs, and the like. The basic contents of an
|
|
|
1195 Emacs buffer (aside from the text properties, q.v.@:) are always text
|
|
|
1196 in this sense.
|
|
25829
|
1197 @item
|
|
|
1198 Data consisting of written human language, as opposed to programs,
|
|
|
1199 or following the stylistic conventions of human language.
|
|
|
1200 @end itemize
|
|
|
1201
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1202 @item Text-only Terminal
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1203 A text-only terminal is a display that is limited to displaying text in
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1204 character units. Such a terminal cannot control individual pixels it
|
|
36849
|
1205 displays. Emacs supports a subset of display features on text-only
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1206 terminals.
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1207
|
|
37845
|
1208 @item Text Properties
|
|
|
1209 Text properties are annotations recorded for particular characters in
|
|
|
1210 the buffer. Images in the buffer are recorded as text properties;
|
|
|
1211 they also specify formatting information. @xref{Editing Format Info}.
|
|
|
1212
|
|
36158
|
1213 @item Tool Bar
|
|
|
1214 The tool bar is a line (sometimes multiple lines) of icons at the top
|
|
|
1215 of an Emacs frame. Clicking on one of these icons executes a command.
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1216 You can think of this as a graphical relative of the menu bar (q.v.@:).
|
|
36210
|
1217 @xref{Tool Bars}.
|
|
36158
|
1218
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1219 @item Tooltips
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1220 Tooltips are small windows displaying a help echo (q.v.@:) text that
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1221 explains parts of the display, lists useful options available via mouse
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1222 clicks, etc. @xref{Tooltips}.
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1223
|
|
25829
|
1224 @item Top Level
|
|
|
1225 Top level is the normal state of Emacs, in which you are editing the
|
|
|
1226 text of the file you have visited. You are at top level whenever you
|
|
|
1227 are not in a recursive editing level (q.v.@:) or the minibuffer
|
|
|
1228 (q.v.@:), and not in the middle of a command. You can get back to top
|
|
|
1229 level by aborting (q.v.@:) and quitting (q.v.@:). @xref{Quitting}.
|
|
|
1230
|
|
|
1231 @item Transposition
|
|
|
1232 Transposing two units of text means putting each one into the place
|
|
|
1233 formerly occupied by the other. There are Emacs commands to transpose
|
|
38209
|
1234 two adjacent characters, words, balanced expressions (q.v.@:) or lines
|
|
25829
|
1235 (@pxref{Transpose}).
|
|
|
1236
|
|
|
1237 @item Truncation
|
|
|
1238 Truncating text lines in the display means leaving out any text on a
|
|
|
1239 line that does not fit within the right margin of the window
|
|
36184
|
1240 displaying it. See also `continuation line.'
|
|
54472
|
1241 @xref{Continuation Lines,Truncation}.
|
|
25829
|
1242
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1243 @item TTY
|
|
36849
|
1244 See `text-only terminal.'
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1245
|
|
25829
|
1246 @item Undoing
|
|
|
1247 Undoing means making your previous editing go in reverse, bringing
|
|
|
1248 back the text that existed earlier in the editing session.
|
|
|
1249 @xref{Undo}.
|
|
|
1250
|
|
|
1251 @item User Option
|
|
59799
|
1252 A user option is a face (q.v.@:) or a variable (q.v.@:) that exists so
|
|
|
1253 that you can customize Emacs by setting it to a new value.
|
|
|
1254 @xref{Easy Customization}.
|
|
25829
|
1255
|
|
|
1256 @item Variable
|
|
|
1257 A variable is an object in Lisp that can store an arbitrary value.
|
|
|
1258 Emacs uses some variables for internal purposes, and has others (known
|
|
|
1259 as `user options' (q.v.@:)) just so that you can set their values to
|
|
|
1260 control the behavior of Emacs. The variables used in Emacs that you
|
|
|
1261 are likely to be interested in are listed in the Variables Index in
|
|
37845
|
1262 this manual (@pxref{Variable Index}). @xref{Variables}, for
|
|
|
1263 information on variables.
|
|
25829
|
1264
|
|
|
1265 @item Version Control
|
|
|
1266 Version control systems keep track of multiple versions of a source file.
|
|
|
1267 They provide a more powerful alternative to keeping backup files (q.v.@:).
|
|
|
1268 @xref{Version Control}.
|
|
|
1269
|
|
|
1270 @item Visiting
|
|
|
1271 Visiting a file means loading its contents into a buffer (q.v.@:)
|
|
|
1272 where they can be edited. @xref{Visiting}.
|
|
|
1273
|
|
|
1274 @item Whitespace
|
|
|
1275 Whitespace is any run of consecutive formatting characters (space,
|
|
|
1276 tab, newline, and backspace).
|
|
|
1277
|
|
|
1278 @item Widening
|
|
|
1279 Widening is removing any restriction (q.v.@:) on the current buffer;
|
|
|
1280 it is the opposite of narrowing (q.v.@:). @xref{Narrowing}.
|
|
|
1281
|
|
|
1282 @item Window
|
|
|
1283 Emacs divides a frame (q.v.@:) into one or more windows, each of which
|
|
|
1284 can display the contents of one buffer (q.v.@:) at any time.
|
|
|
1285 @xref{Screen}, for basic information on how Emacs uses the screen.
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1286 @xref{Windows}, for commands to control the use of windows. Some
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1287 other editors use the term ``window'' for what we call a `frame'
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1288 (q.v.@:) in Emacs.
|
|
25829
|
1289
|
|
60428
|
1290 @item Window System
|
|
|
1291 A window system is a graphical terminal (q.v.@:) that can display multiple
|
|
|
1292 windows for different programs at the same time.
|
|
|
1293
|
|
25829
|
1294 @item Word Abbrev
|
|
36184
|
1295 See `abbrev.'
|
|
25829
|
1296
|
|
|
1297 @item Word Search
|
|
|
1298 Word search is searching for a sequence of words, considering the
|
|
|
1299 punctuation between them as insignificant. @xref{Word Search}.
|
|
|
1300
|
|
|
1301 @item WYSIWYG
|
|
36184
|
1302 WYSIWYG stands for ``What you see is what you get.'' Emacs generally
|
|
25829
|
1303 provides WYSIWYG editing for files of characters; in Enriched mode
|
|
|
1304 (@pxref{Formatted Text}), it provides WYSIWYG editing for files that
|
|
|
1305 include text formatting information.
|
|
|
1306
|
|
|
1307 @item Yanking
|
|
|
1308 Yanking means reinserting text previously killed. It can be used to
|
|
|
1309 undo a mistaken kill, or for copying or moving text. Some other
|
|
|
1310 systems call this ``pasting.'' @xref{Yanking}.
|
|
|
1311 @end table
|
|
|
1312
|
|
52401
|
1313 @ignore
|
|
|
1314 arch-tag: 0dd53ce1-5f09-4ac2-b13b-cf22b0f28d23
|
|
|
1315 @end ignore
|
