annotate etc/tutorials/TUTORIAL.es @ 98182:19ec1646fe6c

The Rmail/mbox merge has been abandoned in favor of a restart using the current rmail.el file. A comprehensive list of changes will be supplied when pmail.el is morphed back into rmail.el The current status is that pmail.el supports basic Rmail navigation (no summary support) and shows the current message in a special buffer using buffer-swap-text. No decoding is done yet. That is the next step.
author Paul Reilly <pmr@pajato.com>
date Mon, 15 Sep 2008 20:56:53 +0000
parents 77dae3f8271b
children c90853557b90
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
rev   line source
82712
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1 Tutorial de Emacs. Vea al final las condiciones de copiado.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3 Generalmente los comandos de Emacs involucran la tecla CONTROL
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4 (algunas veces llamada CTRL O CTL) o la tecla meta (algunas veces
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5 llamada EDIT o ALT). En lugar de escribir completamente esto en cada
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
6 ocasión, usaremos las siguientes abreviaturas.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
7
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
8 C-<car> significa mantener presionada la tecla CONTROL mientras
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
9 teclea el carácter <car>. Por lo tanto C-f será: Mantenga
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
10 presionada la tecla CONTROL y teclee f.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
11 M-<car> significa mantener presionada la tecla META o EDIT o ALT
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
12 mientras teclea <car>. Si no hay teclas META, EDIT o ALT, en
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
13 su lugar presione y libere la tecla ESC y luego teclee
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
14 <car>. Escribimos <ESC> para referirnos a la tecla ESC.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
15
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
16 Nota importante: para terminar la sesión de Emacs teclee C-x C-c (dos
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
17 caracteres). Los caracteres ">>" en el margen izquierdo indican
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
18 instrucciones para que usted trate de usar un comando. Por ejemplo:
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
19 <<Blank lines inserted around following line by help-with-tutorial>>
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
20 [Mitad de página en blanco para propósitos didácticos. El texto continúa abajo]
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
21 >> Ahora teclee C-v (ver la próxima pantalla) para desplazarse a la
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
22 siguiente pantalla (hágalo manteniendo la tecla control
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
23 oprimida mientras teclea v). Desde ahora debería hacer esto
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
24 cada vez que termine de leer la pantalla.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
25
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
26 Note que se superponen dos líneas cuando se mueve de pantalla en
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
27 pantalla; esto provee una continuidad para que pueda seguir leyendo el
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
28 texto.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
29
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
30 Lo primero que necesita saber es como moverse de un lugar a otro en el
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
31 texto. Ya sabe como avanzar una pantalla, con C-v. Para retroceder
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
32 una pantalla teclee M-v (mantenga oprimida la tecla META y teclee v, o
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
33 teclee <ESC>v si no tiene las teclas META, EDIT o ALT).
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
34
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
35 >> Intente teclear M-v y luego C-v, varias veces.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
36
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
37
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
38 * RESUMEN
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
39 ---------
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
40
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
41 Los siguientes comandos son útiles para ver pantallas completas:
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
42
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
43 C-v Avanzar una pantalla completa
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
44 M-v Retroceder una pantalla completa
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
45 C-l Limpiar la pantalla y mostrar todo el texto de nuevo,
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
46 moviendo el texto alrededor del cursor al centro de la
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
47 pantalla (Esto es CONTROL-L, no CONTROL-1.)
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
48
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
49 >> Encuentre el cursor, y fíjese qué texto hay cerca de éste.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
50 Luego teclee C-l.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
51 Encuentre el cursor otra vez y note que el mismo texto está cerca
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
52 del cursor ahora.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
53
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
54 Si su terminal las soporta, también puede usar las teclas AvPág o
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
55 RegPág para moverse por pantallas completas, pero puede editar más
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
56 eficientemente si usa C-v y M-v.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
57
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
58 * MOVIMIENTO BÁSICO DE CURSOR
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
59 -----------------------------
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
60
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
61 Es útil moverse de una pantalla completa a otra pero, ¿cómo moverse a
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
62 un lugar específico dentro del texto en la pantalla?
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
63
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
64 Puede hacerlo de diversas formas. Puede usar las teclas de flechas,
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
65 pero es mas eficiente mantener las manos en la posición estándar y
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
66 usar los comandos C-p, C-b, C-f, y C-n. Estos caracteres son
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
67 equivalentes a las cuatro teclas de flechas, de esta manera:
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
68
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
69 Línea anterior, C-P
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
70 :
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
71 :
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
72 Atrás, C-b.... Posición actual del cursor .... Adelante, C-f
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
73 :
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
74 :
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
75 Línea siguiente, C-n
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
76
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
77 >> Mueva el cursor a la línea en la mitad del diagrama
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
78 usando C-n o C-p. Luego teclee C-l para ver el
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
79 diagrama completo centrado en la pantalla.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
80
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
81 Le resultará fácil recordar estas letras por las palabras que
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
82 representan: P de Previous (anterior), N de Next (siguiente), B de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
83 Backward (atrás) y F de Forward (adelante). Estará usando estos
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
84 comandos de posicionamiento básico del cursor todo el tiempo.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
85
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
86 >> Teclee algunos C-n para traer el cursor a esta línea.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
87
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
88 >> Muévase a la línea con C-f y hacia arriba con algunos C-p. Observe
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
89 lo que hace C-p cuando el cursor está en medio de la línea.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
90
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
91 Cada línea de texto termina con un carácter de nueva línea (Newline),
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
92 que sirve para separarla de la línea siguiente. La última línea de su
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
93 archivo debe de tener un carácter de nueva línea al final (pero Emacs
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
94 no requiere que ésta lo tenga).
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
95
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
96 >> Intente usar C-b al comienzo de una línea. Debería moverse al
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
97 final de la línea previa. Esto sucede porque retrocede a través
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
98 del carácter de nueva línea.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
99
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
100 C-f puede moverse a través de una nueva línea igual que C-b.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
101
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
102 >> Teclee algunos C-b más para que sienta por donde se encuentra el
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
103 cursor.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
104 Luego teclee C-f para regresar al final de la línea.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
105 Luego teclee otro C-f más para moverse a la línea siguiente.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
106
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
107 Cuando pase el tope o el final de la pantalla, se mostrará el texto
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
108 más allá del borde de la pantalla. Esto recibe el nombre de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
109 "desplazamiento". Esto le permite a Emacs mover el cursor al lugar
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
110 especificado en el texto sin moverlo fuera de la pantalla.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
111
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
112 >> Intente mover el cursor fuera del borde de la pantalla con C-n, y
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
113 observe lo que sucede.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
114
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
115 Si moverse por caracteres es muy lento, puede moverse por palabras.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
116 M-f (META-f) mueve adelante una palabra y M-b mueva atrás una palabra.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
117
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
118 >> Teclee algunos M-f y M-b
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
119
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
120 Cuando está en la mitad de una palabra, M-f mueve al final de la
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
121 palabra. Cuando está en un espacio entre dos palabras, M-f mueve al
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
122 final de la siguiente palabra. M-b trabaja de la misma forma en la
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
123 dirección opuesta.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
124
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
125 >> Teclee algunos M-f y M-b, intercaladas con C-f y C-b de tal forma
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
126 que observe la acción de M-f y M-b desde varios sitios dentro y
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
127 entre palabras.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
128
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
129 Note el paralelo entre C-f y C-b de un lado y M-f y M-b del otro. Muy
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
130 frecuentemente los caracteres Meta se usan para operaciones
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
131 relacionadas, con las unidades definidas por el lenguaje (palabras,
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
132 oraciones y párrafos), mientras los caracteres Control operan sobre
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
133 unidades básicas que son independientes de lo que está editando
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
134 (caracteres, líneas, etc).
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
135
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
136 Este paralelo se aplica entre líneas y oraciones: C-a y C-e para
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
137 moverse al comienzo o al final de la línea; y M-a y M-e para mover al
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
138 comienzo o al final de una oración.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
139
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
140 >> Intente algunos C-a, y después unos cuantos C-e.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
141 >> Intente algunos M-a, y después unos cuantos M-e.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
142
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
143 Vea cómo la repetición de C-a no hace nada, pero la repetición de M-a
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
144 sigue moviendo una oración más. Aunque no son muy análogas, cada una
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
145 parece natural.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
146
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
147 La ubicación del cursor en el texto se llama también "punto". En
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
148 otras palabras, el cursor muestra sobre la pantalla donde está
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
149 situado el punto dentro del texto.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
150
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
151 Aquí hay un resumen de operaciones simples de movimiento del cursor,
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
152 incluyendo los comandos de movimiento por palabra y oración:
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
153
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
154 C-f Avanzar un carácter
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
155 C-d Retroceder un carácter
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
156
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
157 M-f Avanzar una palabra
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
158 M-b Retroceder una palabra
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
159
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
160 C-n Avanzar a la línea siguiente
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
161 C-p Retroceder a la línea anterior
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
162
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
163 C-a Retroceder al comienzo de la línea
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
164 C-e Avanzar al final de la línea
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
165
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
166 M-a Retroceder al comienzo de la oración
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
167 M-e Avanzar al final de la oración
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
168
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
169 >> Ahora pruebe todos estos comandos algunas veces para practicar.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
170 Estos comandos son los más frecuentemente usados.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
171
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
172 Otros dos comandos importantes de movimiento del cursor son M-< (META
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
173 Menor que), el cual se mueve al comienzo del texto entero, y M-> (META
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
174 Mayor que), el cual se mueve al final del texto entero.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
175
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
176 En la mayoría de las terminales, el "<" está sobre la coma, por lo
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
177 tanto tiene que usar la tecla shift para teclearlo. En estas
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
178 terminales tendrá que usar la tecla shift también al teclear M-<; sin
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
179 la tecla shift, usted estaría escribiendo M-coma.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
180
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
181 >> Ahora pruebe M-<, para moverse al comienzo del tutorial.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
182 Después use C-v repetidamente para regresar aquí.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
183
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
184 >> Ahora pruebe M->, para moverse al final del tutorial.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
185 Después use M-v repetidamente para regresar aquí.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
186
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
187 También puede mover el cursor con las teclas de flecha si su terminal
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
188 dispone de ellas. Recomendamos aprender C-b, C-f, C-n y C-p por tres
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
189 razones. Primero, funcionan en todo tipo de terminales. Segundo, una
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
190 vez que gane práctica usando Emacs, encontrará que teclear estos
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
191 caracteres Control es más rápido que usar teclas de flecha (porque no
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
192 tendrá que mover las manos de la posición para mecanografiar).
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
193 Tercero, una vez tenga el hábito de usar estos comandos Control,
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
194 también puede aprender a usar otros comandos avanzados de movimiento
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
195 del cursor fácilmente.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
196
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
197 La mayoría de comandos de Emacs aceptan un argumento numérico; para la
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
198 mayoría de comandos esto sirve como un factor de repetición. La
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
199 manera de pasarle un factor de repetición a un comando es tecleando
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
200 C-u y luego los dígitos antes de introducir los comandos. Si tiene
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
201 una tecla META (o EDIT o ALT), hay una manera alternativa para
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
202 ingresar un argumento numérico: teclear los dígitos mientras presiona
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
203 la tecla META. Recomendamos aprender el método C-u porque este
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
204 funciona en cualquier terminal. El argumento numérico es también
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
205 llamado un "argumento prefijo", porque usted teclea el argumento antes
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
206 del comando al que se aplica.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
207
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
208 Por ejemplo, C-u 8 C-f mueve hacia adelante ocho caracteres.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
209
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
210 >> Pruebe usar C-n o C-p con un argumento numérico, para mover el
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
211 cursor a una línea cercana a ésta con un solo comando.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
212
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
213 La mayoría de comandos usan el argumento numérico como un factor de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
214 repetición, pero algunos comandos le dan otros usos. Varios comandos
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
215 (pero ninguno de los que ha aprendido hasta ahora) lo usan como una
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
216 bandera: la presencia de un argumento prefijo, sin tener en cuenta su
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
217 valor, hace que el comando actúe de forma diferente.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
218
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
219 C-v y M-v son otro tipo de excepción. Cuando se les da un argumento,
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
220 desplazan la pantalla arriba o abajo esa cantidad de líneas, en vez de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
221 una pantalla completa. Por ejemplo, C-u 8 C-v desplaza la pantalla 8
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
222 líneas.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
223
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
224 >> Pruebe tecleando C-u 8 C-v ahora.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
225
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
226 Esto debió haber desplazado la pantalla hacia arriba 8 líneas. Si
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
227 quisiera desplazarla hacia abajo de nuevo, puede dar un argumento a
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
228 M-v.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
229
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
230 Si está usando un sistema de ventanas, como X11 o MS-Windows, debe
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
231 haber una larga área rectangular llamada una barra de desplazamiento
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
232 en el lado izquierdo de la ventana de Emacs. Puede desplazar el texto
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
233 al oprimir el botón del ratón en la barra de desplazamiento.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
234
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
235 >> Pruebe presionando el botón del medio en la parte superior del área
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
236 resaltada en la barra de desplazamiento. Éste debe desplazar el
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
237 texto a una posición determinada según cuan alto o bajo oprima el
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
238 botón.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
239
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
240 >> Intente mover el ratón arriba y abajo, mientras mantiene el botón
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
241 del medio presionado. Verá que el texto se desplaza arriba y abajo
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
242 a medida que mueve el ratón.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
243
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
244
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
245
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
246 * CUANDO EMACS ESTÁ BLOQUEADO
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
247 -----------------------------
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
248
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
249 Si Emacs dejara de responder a sus comandos, puede detenerlo con
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
250 seguridad al teclear C-g. Puede usar C-g para detener un comando que
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
251 esté tomando mucho tiempo para ejecutarse.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
252
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
253 También puede usar C-g para descartar un argumento numérico o el
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
254 comienzo de un comando que no quiere finalizar.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
255
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
256 >> Escriba C-u 100 para hacer un argumento numérico de 100, entonces
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
257 pruebe C-g.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
258 Ahora pruebe C-f. Esto deberá mover sólo un carácter, ya que
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
259 canceló el argumento con C-g.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
260
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
261 Si ha tecleado <ESC> por error, puede desecharlo con un C-g.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
262
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
263
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
264 * COMANDOS DESACTIVADOS
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
265 -----------------------
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
266
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
267 Algunos comandos de Emacs están "desactivados" de manera que los
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
268 usuarios principiantes no puedan usarlos accidentalmente.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
269
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
270 Si teclea uno de los comandos desactivados, Emacs muestra un mensaje
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
271 informando acerca de qué comando era, y preguntándole si quiere
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
272 continuar y ejecutar el comando.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
273
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
274 Si realmente quiere intentar el comando, teclee Espacio como repuesta
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
275 a la pregunta. Normalmente, si no quiere ejecutar el comando
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
276 desactivado, conteste la pregunta con "n".
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
277
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
278 >> Escriba C-x C-l (que es un comando desactivado), a continuación
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
279 escriba n para responder la pregunta.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
280
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
281
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
282 * VENTANAS
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
283 ----------
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
284
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
285 Emacs puede tener varias ventanas, cada una mostrando su propio texto.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
286 Explicaremos después como usar múltiples ventanas. Ahora mismo
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
287 queremos explicar cómo deshacerse de ventanas adicionales y volver a
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
288 la edición básica en una ventana. Es sencillo:
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
289
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
290 C-x 1 Una ventana (p.ej., elimina todas las otras ventanas).
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
291
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
292 Esto es CONTROL-x seguido por el dígito 1. C-x 1 expande la ventana que
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
293 contiene el cursor, para ocupar toda la pantalla. Esto borra todas las
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
294 demás ventanas.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
295
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
296 >> Mueva el cursor a esta línea y escriba C-u 0 C-l.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
297 >> Escriba Control-h k Control-f.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
298 Vea como esta ventana se encoge, mientras una nueva aparece y
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
299 muestra documentación sobre el comando Control-f.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
300
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
301 >> Escriba C-x 1 y vea que la ventana de listado de documentación
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
302 desaparece.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
303
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
304 Este comando es diferente a los otros que ha aprendido en que éste
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
305 consiste de dos caracteres. Comienza con el carácter CONTROL-x. Hay
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
306 toda una serie de comandos que comienzan con CONTROL-x; muchos de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
307 ellos tienen que ver con ventanas, archivos, buffers y cosas
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
308 relacionadas. Estos comandos son de una longitud de dos, tres o
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
309 cuatro caracteres.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
310
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
311
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
312 * INSERTAR Y BORRAR
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
313 -------------------
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
314
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
315 Si quiere insertar un texto, basta con que lo teclee. Emacs
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
316 interpreta los caracteres que usted puede ver, tales como A, 7, *,
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
317 etc. como texto y los inserta inmediatamente. Teclee <Return> (la
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
318 tecla Enter) para insertar un carácter de nueva línea.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
319
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
320 Puede borrar el último carácter que escribió oprimiendo <Delback>.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
321 <Delback> es una tecla en el teclado--la misma que normalmente usa
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
322 fuera de emacs para borrar el último carácter que escribió.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
323 Normalmente es una tecla una o dos filas arriba de la tecla <Return>,
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
324 y que esta usualmente rotulada como "Backspace", "Del" o simplemente
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
325 con una flecha en dirección izquierda que no es parte de las teclas de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
326 flecha.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
327
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
328 Si la tecla larga esta rotulada "Backspace", entonces esa es la que
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
329 debe de usar para <Delback>. Puede haber otra tecla llamada "Del" en
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
330 otra parte, pero esa no es <Delback>.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
331
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
332 Generalmente, <Delback> borra el carácter inmediatamente anterior a la
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
333 posición actual del cursor.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
334
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
335 >> Haga esto ahora: teclee unos pocos caracteres, después bórrelos
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
336 tecleando <Delback> varias veces. No se preocupe si este archivo
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
337 cambia, no alterará el tutorial principal. Ésta es su copia
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
338 personal de él.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
339
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
340 Cuando una línea de texto se hace muy grande para una sola línea en la
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
341 pantalla, la línea de texto "continúa" en una segunda línea en la
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
342 pantalla. Un backslash ("\") (o, si está usando un sistema de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
343 ventanas, una pequeña flecha curva) en el margen derecho indica que la
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
344 línea "continúa".
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
345
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
346 >> Inserte texto hasta que llegue al margen derecho, y siga
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
347 insertando. Verá aparecer una línea de continuación.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
348
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
349 >> Use <Delback> para borrar el texto hasta que la línea de nuevo
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
350 quepa en la pantalla. La línea de continuación se pierde.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
351
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
352 Puede borrar un carácter de nueva línea como cualquier otro carácter.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
353 Al borrar el carácter de nueva línea entre dos líneas las junta en una
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
354 sola línea. Si el resultado de la combinación de líneas es demasiado
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
355 largo para caber en el ancho de la pantalla, se mostrará con una línea
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
356 de continuación.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
357
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
358 >> Mueva el cursor al comienzo de una línea y teclee <Delback>. Esto
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
359 juntará esa línea con la línea anterior.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
360
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
361 >> Teclee <Return> para reinsertar la nueva línea que borró.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
362
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
363 Recuerde que a la mayoría de los comandos de Emacs se les puede dar un
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
364 factor de repetición; esto incluye los caracteres de texto. Repetir
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
365 un carácter de texto lo inserta varias veces.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
366
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
367 >> Inténtelo ahora: teclee C-u 8 * para insertar ********.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
368
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
369 Ya ha aprendido la manera más básica de teclear algo en Emacs y
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
370 corregir errores. Puede borrar por palabras o por líneas. He aquí un
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
371 resumen de las operaciones de borrado:
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
372
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
373 <Delback> borra el carácter justo antes que el cursor
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
374 C-d borra el siguiente carácter después del cursor
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
375
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
376 M-<Delback> Elimina la palabra inmediatamente antes del
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
377 cursor
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
378 M-d Elimina la siguiente palabra después del cursor
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
379
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
380 C-k Elimina desde el cursor hasta el fin de la línea
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
381 M-k Elimina hasta el final de la oración actual
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
382
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
383 Note que <Delback> y C-d, comparados con M-<Delback> y M-d, extienden
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
384 el paralelismo iniciado por C-f y M-f (bien, <Delback> no es realmente
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
385 una tecla de control, pero no nos preocuparemos de eso ahora). C-k y
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
386 M-k, en ciertas forma, son como C-e y M-e, en que las líneas son
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
387 oraciones opuestas.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
388
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
389 También puede eliminar cualquier parte del buffer con un método
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
390 uniforme. Muévase a un extremo de esa parte, y teclee C-@ o C-SPC
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
391 (cualquiera de los dos). (SPC es la barra espaciadora.) Muévase al
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
392 otro extremo de esa parte, y teclee C-w. Eso elimina todo el texto
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
393 entre las dos posiciones.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
394
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
395 >> Mueva el cursor a la letra T del inicio del párrafo anterior.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
396 >> Teclee C-SPC. Emacs debe mostrar el mensaje "Mark set" en la parte
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
397 de abajo de la pantalla.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
398 >> Mueva el cursor a la x en "extremo", en la segunda línea del
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
399 párrafo.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
400 >> Teclee C-w. Esto eliminará el texto que comienza desde la T, y
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
401 termina justo antes de la x.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
402
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
403 La diferencia entre "eliminar" y "borrar" es que el texto "eliminado"
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
404 puede ser reinsertado, mientras que las cosas "borradas" no pueden ser
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
405 reinsertadas. La reinserción de texto eliminado se llama "yanking" o
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
406 "pegar". Generalmente, los comandos que pueden quitar mucho texto lo
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
407 eliminan, mientras que los comandos que quitan solo un carácter, o
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
408 solo lineas en blanco y espacios, borran (para que no pueda pegar ese
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
409 texto).
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
410
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
411 >> Mueva el cursor al comienzo de una línea que no esté vacía.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
412 Luego teclee C-k para eliminar el texto de esa línea.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
413 >> Teclee C-k por segunda vez. Verá que elimina la nueva línea que
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
414 sigue a esa línea.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
415
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
416 Note que al teclear C-k una sola vez elimina el contenido de la línea,
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
417 y un segundo C-k elimina la línea misma, y hace que todas las otras
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
418 líneas se muevan hacia arriba. C-k trata un argumento numérico
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
419 especialmente: Elimina ese número de líneas y TAMBIÉN sus
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
420 contenidos. Esto no es una simple repetición. C-u 2 C-k elimina dos
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
421 líneas y sus nuevas líneas, tecleando C-k dos veces no hace esto.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
422
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
423 Traer texto eliminado de regreso es llamado "yanking" o "pegar".
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
424 (Piense en ello como pegar de nuevo, o traer de vuelta, algún texto
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
425 que le fue quitado.) Puede pegar el texto eliminado en, ya sea el
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
426 lugar en que fue eliminado, o en otra parte del buffer, o hasta en un
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
427 archivo diferente. Puede pegar el texto varias veces, lo que hace
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
428 varias copias de él.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
429
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
430 El comando para pegar es C-y. Reinserta el último texto eliminado, en
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
431 la posición actual del cursor.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
432
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
433 >> Inténtelo; teclee C-y para pegar de nuevo el texto.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
434
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
435 Si hace varios C-k seguidos, todo el texto eliminado se guarda junto,
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
436 de manera que un C-y pegará todas las líneas al mismo tiempo.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
437
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
438 >> Haga esto ahora, teclee C-k varias veces.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
439
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
440 Ahora para recuperar ese texto eliminado:
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
441
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
442 >> Teclee C-y. Luego baje el cursor unas pocas líneas y teclee C-y de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
443 nuevo. De esta forma puede copiar un texto.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
444
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
445 ¿Qué hacer si tiene algún texto que quiere pegar, y entonces elimina
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
446 otra cosa? C-y pegaría la eliminación más reciente. Pero el texto
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
447 previo no está perdido. Puede regresar a éste usando el comando M-y.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
448 Después de haber tecleado C-y para conseguir la eliminación más
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
449 reciente, tecleando M-y reemplaza el texto pegado con la eliminación
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
450 previa. Tecleando M-y una y otra vez traerá las eliminaciones
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
451 anteriores. Cuando haya encontrado el texto que buscaba, no tiene que
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
452 hacer nada para conservarlo. Sólo siga con su edición, dejando el
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
453 texto pegado en donde está.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
454
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
455 Si teclea M-y suficientes veces, regresa al punto inicial (la
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
456 eliminación más reciente).
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
457
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
458 >> Elimine una línea, muévase un poco, elimine otra línea.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
459 Luego teclee C-y para recuperar la segunda línea eliminada.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
460 Luego teclee M-y y será reemplazado por la primera línea eliminada.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
461 Teclee más veces M-y y vea lo que obtiene. Siga haciéndolo hasta
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
462 que la segunda línea eliminada regrese, y entonces unas pocas
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
463 más. Si quiere, puede tratar de darle a M-y argumentos positivos y
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
464 negativos.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
465
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
466
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
467 * DESHACER
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
468 ----------
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
469
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
470 Si hace un cambio al texto, y luego decide que fue un error,
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
471 puede deshacer el cambio con el comando deshacer, C-x u.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
472
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
473 Normalmente, C-x u deshace los cambios hechos por un comando; si repite
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
474 varias veces seguidas C-x u, cada repetición deshará un comando
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
475 adicional.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
476
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
477 Pero hay dos excepciones: los comandos que no cambian el texto no
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
478 cuentan (esto incluye los comandos de movimiento del cursor y el
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
479 comando de desplazamiento), y los caracteres de autoinserción se
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
480 manejan usualmente en grupos de hasta 20. (Esto es para reducir el
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
481 numero de C-x u que tenga que teclear para deshacer una inserción en
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
482 el texto.)
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
483
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
484 >> Elimine esta línea con C-k, después teclee C-x u y debería
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
485 reaparecer.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
486
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
487 C-_ es un comando alternativo para deshacer; funciona igual que C-x u,
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
488 pero es más fácil de teclear varias veces seguidas. La desventaja de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
489 C-_ es que en algunos teclados no es obvio cómo se teclea. Por esto
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
490 existe también C-x u. En algunas terminales, puede teclear C-_ al
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
491 teclear / mientras oprime CONTROL.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
492
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
493 Un argumento numérico para C-_ o C-x u actúa como un factor de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
494 repetición.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
495
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
496 Uuede deshacer un texto borrado justo como puede deshacer el texto
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
497 eliminado. La distinción entre eliminar algo y borrar algo afecta en
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
498 si puede pegarlo con C-y; no hay diferencia alguna para deshacer.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
499
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
500
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
501 * ARCHIVOS
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
502 ----------
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
503
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
504 Para que pueda hacer permanente el texto que edite, lo debe colocar en
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
505 un archivo. De otra manera, éste se perderá cuando cierre Emacs.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
506 Para poder poner su texto en un archivo, debe "encontrar" el archivo
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
507 antes de ingresar el texto. (Esto se llama también "visitar" el
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
508 archivo.)
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
509
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
510 Encontrar un archivo significa que puede ver su contenido dentro de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
511 Emacs. En cierta forma, es como si estuviera editando el archivo
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
512 mismo. Sin embargo los cambios que haga mediante Emacs no serán
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
513 permanentes hasta que "guarde" el archivo. Esto es para evitar dejar
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
514 un archivo a medio cambiar en el sistema cuando no quiera. Incluso
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
515 cuando guarde, Emacs dejará el archivo original bajo un nombre
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
516 cambiado en caso de que luego decida que sus cambios fueron un error.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
517
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
518 Si mira cerca del final de la pantalla podrá ver una línea que
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
519 comienza y termina con guiones, y comienza con "--:-- TUTORIAL.es" o
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
520 algo así. Esta parte de la pantalla normalmente muestra el nombre del
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
521 archivo que está visitando. En este momento está visitando un archivo
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
522 llamado "TUTORIAL.es" que es su borrador personal del tutorial de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
523 Emacs. Cuando encuentre un archivo con Emacs, el nombre de ese
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
524 archivo aparecerá en ese mismo punto.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
525
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
526 Una cosa especial acerca del comando para encontrar un archivo, es que
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
527 tendrá que decir que nombre de archivo desea. Decimos que el comando
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
528 "lee un argumento desde la terminal" (en este caso, el argumento es el
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
529 nombre del archivo). Después de teclear el comando:
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
530
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
531 C-x C-f Encontrar un archivo
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
532
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
533 Emacs le pide que teclee el nombre del archivo. El nombre de archivo
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
534 que teclee aparece en la línea final de la pantalla. A la línea final
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
535 de la pantalla se la denomina minibuffer cuando se utiliza para este
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
536 tipo de entradas. Puede usar comandos de edición ordinarios de Emacs
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
537 para editar el nombre del archivo.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
538
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
539 Mientras está ingresando el nombre del archivo (o cualquier otra
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
540 entrada al minibuffer) puede cancelar el comando con C-g.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
541
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
542 >> Teclee C-x C-f, luego teclee C-g. Esto cancela el minibuffer, y
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
543 también cancela el comando C-x C-f que estaba usando el minibuffer.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
544 Así que no encontrará archivo alguno.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
545
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
546 Cuando haya finalizado de ingresar el nombre del archivo, teclee
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
547 <Return> para terminarlo. Entonces el comando C-x C-f trabaja, y
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
548 encuentra el archivo que escogió. El minibuffer desaparece cuando el
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
549 comando C-x C-f termina.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
550
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
551 Poco tiempo después aparecerá el contenido del archivo en la pantalla,
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
552 y puede editarlo. Cuando quiera que sus cambios sean permanentes,
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
553 teclee el comando
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
554
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
555 C-x C-s Guardar el archivo
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
556
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
557 Esto copia el texto dentro de Emacs al archivo. La primera vez que
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
558 haga esto, Emacs renombrará el archivo original con un nuevo nombre
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
559 para que este no se pierda. El nuevo nombre se hace agregando "~" al
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
560 final del nombre del archivo original.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
561
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
562 Cuando guardar haya terminado, Emacs mostrará el nombre del archivo
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
563 escrito. Deberá guardar frecuentemente, para que no pierda mucho
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
564 trabajo si el sistema falla.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
565
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
566 >> Teclee C-x C-s, guardando la copia del tutorial.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
567 Esto debería mostrar "Wrote ...TUTORIAL.es" al final de la
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
568 pantalla.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
569
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
570 Puede encontrar un archivo existente, para verlo o editarlo. También
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
571 puede hacerlo con un archivo que no exista. Ésta es la forma de crear
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
572 un archivo en Emacs: encuentre el archivo, que comenzará vacío, luego
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
573 comience a insertar el texto para ese archivo. Cuando invoque
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
574 "guardar" el archivo, Emacs creará realmente el archivo con el texto
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
575 que ha insertado. De ahí en adelante, puede considerarse estar
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
576 editando un archivo existente.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
577
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
578
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
579 * BUFFERS
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
580 ---------
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
581
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
582 Si visita un segundo archivo con C-x C-f, el primer archivo permanece
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
583 dentro de Emacs. Puede volver a el encontrándolo de nuevo con C-x
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
584 C-f. De esta forma puede mantener un gran número de archivos dentro
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
585 de Emacs.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
586
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
587 >> Cree un archivo llamado "foo" tecleando C-x C-f foo <Return>.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
588 Luego inserte algún texto, edítelo, y guarde "foo" tecleando C-x
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
589 C-s.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
590 Finalmente teclee C-x C-f TUTORIAL.es <Return>
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
591 para regresar al tutorial.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
592
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
593 Emacs almacena cada texto del archivo dentro de un objeto llamado
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
594 "buffer". Al encontrar un archivo se crea un nuevo buffer dentro de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
595 Emacs. Para mirar la lista de los buffers que existen actualmente en
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
596 su sesión de Emacs, teclee:
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
597
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
598 C-x C-b Lista de Buffers
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
599
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
600 >> Pruebe C-x C-b ahora.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
601
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
602 Vea como cada buffer tiene un nombre, y además puede tener un nombre
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
603 de archivo para el archivo que contiene. CUALQUIER texto que vea en
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
604 una ventana de Emacs es siempre parte de algún Buffer.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
605
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
606 >> Teclee C-x 1 para deshacerse de la lista de buffers.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
607
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
608 Cuando tenga varios buffers, solo uno de ellos es "actual" en algún
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
609 momento. Ese buffer es el que actualmente edita. Si quiere editar
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
610 otro buffer, necesita "cambiar" a él. Si quiere cambiar a un buffer
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
611 que corresponde a un archivo, puede hacerlo visitando el archivo de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
612 nuevo con C-x C-f. Pero existe una manera más rápida: use el comando
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
613 C-x b. En ese comando, necesita teclear el nombre de buffer.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
614
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
615 >> Teclee C-x b foo <Return> para volver al buffer "foo" que contiene
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
616 el texto del archivo "foo". Después teclee C-x b TUTORIAL.es
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
617 <Return> para regresar a este tutorial.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
618
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
619 La mayoría del tiempo el nombre del buffer es el mismo que el nombre
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
620 del archivo (sin la parte del directorio del archivo). Sin embargo,
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
621 esto no es así siempre. La lista de buffers que hace con C-x C-b
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
622 siempre muestra el nombre de todos los buffers.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
623
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
624 CUALQUIER texto que vea en una ventana de Emacs siempre es parte de un
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
625 buffer. Algunos buffers no corresponden a un archivo. Por ejemplo,
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
626 el buffer llamado "*Buffer List*" no tiene ningún archivo. Es el
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
627 buffer que contiene la lista de buffers que ha creado con C-x C-b. El
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
628 buffer llamado "*Messages*" tampoco tiene un archivo correspondiente;
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
629 contiene los mensajes que han aparecido en la línea de abajo durante
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
630 su sesión de Emacs.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
631
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
632 >> Teclee C-x b *Messages* <Return> para ver el buffer de mensajes.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
633 Luego teclee C-b TUTORIAL <Return> para regresar a este tutorial.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
634
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
635 Si hace cambios al texto de un archivo, y luego encuentra otro
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
636 archivo, esto no guarda el primer archivo. Sus cambios permanecerán
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
637 dentro de Emacs en ese buffer del archivo. La creación o edición del
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
638 segundo buffer de archivo no afecta al primero. Esto es muy útil,
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
639 pero también significa que necesita una forma conveniente para guardar
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
640 el archivo del primer buffer. Sería una molestia tener que volver a
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
641 este con C-x C-f para guardarlo con C-x C-s. Así tenemos
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
642
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
643 C-x s Guardar algunos buffers
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
644
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
645 C-x s le pregunta sobre cada buffer que contenga cambios que no haya
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
646 guardada. Le pregunta, por cada buffer, si quiere guardarlo o no.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
647
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
648 >> Inserte una línea de texto, luego teclee C-x s.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
649 Debería preguntarle si desea guardar el buffer llamado TUTORIAL.es.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
650 Conteste si a la pregunta tecleando "y".
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
651
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
652
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
653 * EXTENDER EL CONJUNTO DE COMANDOS
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
654 ----------------------------------
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
655
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
656 Hay muchísimos más comandos de Emacs que los que podrían asignarse a
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
657 todos los caracteres control y meta. Emacs puede darle la vuelta a
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
658 esto usando el comando X (eXtendido). Este viene de dos formas:
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
659
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
660 C-x Carácter eXtendido. Seguido por un carácter.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
661 M-x Comando eXtendido por nombre. Seguido por un nombre
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
662 largo.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
663
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
664 Estos comandos son generalmente útiles pero menos usados que los
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
665 comandos que ha aprendido hasta ahora. Ya ha visto dos: los comandos
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
666 de archivo C-x C-f para Encontrar y C-x C-s para Guardar. Otro
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
667 ejemplo es el comando para terminar la sesión de Emacs: se trata del
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
668 comando C-x C-c. (No se preocupe por perder los cambios que haya
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
669 hecho; C-x C-c ofrece guardar cada archivo alterado antes de finalizar
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
670 Emacs.)
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
671
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
672 C-z es el comando para salir de Emacs *temporalmente*: para que pueda
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
673 regresar a la misma sesión de Emacs después.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
674
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
675 En sistemas que lo permiten C-z "suspende" Emacs; esto es, se regresa
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
676 al intérprete de comandos pero no se destruye Emacs. En los
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
677 intérpretes de comandos más comunes, puede reanudar Emacs con el
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
678 comando `fg' o con `%emacs'.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
679
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
680 En sistemas que no implementen el suspendido, C-z crea un
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
681 subintérprete que corre bajo Emacs para darle la opción de correr
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
682 otros programas y regresar a Emacs después; esto en realidad no "sale"
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
683 de Emacs. En este caso, el comando `exit' del intérprete es la vía
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
684 usual para regresar a Emacs desde éste.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
685
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
686 El momento para usar C-x C-c es cuando está listo para salir del
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
687 sistema. Es además el paso correcto para salir de un Emacs llamado
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
688 bajo programas de manejo de correo y diversas otras utilidades, puesto
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
689 que ellos no saben cómo lidiar con la suspensión de Emacs. En
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
690 circunstancias normales, si no va a salir, es mejor suspender
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
691 Emacs con C-z en lugar de salir de él.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
692
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
693 Existen varios comandos C-x. Aquí hay una lista de los que ha
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
694 aprendido:
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
695
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
696 C-x C-f Encontrar archivo.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
697 C-x C-s Guardar archivo.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
698 C-x C-b Lista de buffers.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
699 C-x C-c Salir de Emacs.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
700 C-x 1 Borrar todo menos una ventana.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
701 C-x u Deshacer.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
702
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
703 Los comandos eXtendidos por nombre son comandos que se utilizan aún
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
704 con menos frecuencia, o únicamente en ciertos modos. Un ejemplo es el
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
705 comando replace-string, el cual globalmente substituye una cadena de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
706 caracteres por otra. Cuando teclea M-x, Emacs le pregunta al
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
707 final de la pantalla con M-x y debe escribir el nombre del
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
708 comando; en este caso "replace-string". Solo teclee "repl s<TAB>" y
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
709 Emacs completará el nombre. Finalice el nombre del comando con
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
710 <Return>.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
711
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
712 El comando replace-string requiere dos argumentos: la cadena de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
713 caracteres a reemplazar, y la cadena de caracteres para reemplazarla.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
714 Debe terminar cada argumento con <Return>.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
715
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
716 >> Mueva el cursor hacia la línea en blanco dos líneas abajo de esta.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
717 A continuación escriba
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
718 M-x repl s<Return>cambiado<Return>alterado<Return>.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
719
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
720 Note cómo esta línea ha cambiado: ha substituido la palabra
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
721 c-a-m-b-i-a-d-o por "alterado" en cada ocurrencia, después de la
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
722 posición inicial del cursor.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
723
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
724
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
725 * AUTO GUARDADO
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
726 ---------------
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
727
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
728 Si ha hecho cambios en un archivo, pero no los ha guardado, éstos
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
729 podrían perderse si su computadora falla. Para protegerlo de esto,
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
730 Emacs periódicamente escribe un archivo "auto guardado" para cada
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
731 archivo que está editando. El nombre del archivo auto guardado tiene
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
732 un # al principio y al final; por ejemplo, si su archivo se llama
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
733 "hola.c", su archivo auto guardado es "#hola.c#". Cuando guarda por
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
734 la vía normal, Emacs borra su archivo de auto guardado.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
735
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
736 Si la computadora falla, puede recuperar su edición de auto
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
737 guardado encontrando el archivo normal (el archivo que estuvo
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
738 editando, no el archivo de auto guardar) y entonces tecleando M-x
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
739 recover file<Return>. Cuando le pregunte por la confirmación, teclee
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
740 yes<Return> para ir y recuperar la información del auto guardado.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
741
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
742
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
743 * ÁREA DE ECO
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
744 -------------
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
745
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
746 Si Emacs ve que usted está tecleando comandos de multicaracteres
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
747 lentamente, se los muestra al final de la pantalla en un área llamada
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
748 "área de eco". El área de eco contiene la línea final de la pantalla.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
749
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
750
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
751 * LÍNEA DE MODO
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
752 ---------------
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
753
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
754 La línea inmediatamente encima del área de eco recibe el nombre de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
755 "línea de modo" o "mode line". La línea de modo dice algo así:
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
756
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
757 --:** TUTORIAL.es (Fundamental)--l765--65%---------
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
758
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
759 Esta línea da información útil acerca del estado de Emacs y del texto
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
760 que está editando.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
761
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
762 Ya sabe qué significa el nombre del archivo: es el archivo que usted
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
763 ha encontrado. -NN%-- indica su posición actual en el texto; esto
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
764 significa que NN por ciento del texto está encima de la parte superior
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
765 de la pantalla. Si el principio del archivo está en la pantalla, este
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
766 dirá --Top-- en vez de --00%--. Si el final del texto está en la
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
767 pantalla, dirá --Bot--. Si está mirando un texto tan pequeño que cabe
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
768 en la pantalla, el modo de línea dirá --All--.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
769
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
770 La L y los dígitos indican la posición de otra forma: ellos dan el
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
771 número de línea actual del punto.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
772
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
773 Los asteriscos cerca del frente significan que usted ha hecho cambios
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
774 al texto. Inmediatamente después que visite o guarde un archivo, esa
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
775 parte de la línea de modo no muestra asteriscos, solo guiones.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
776
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
777 La parte de la línea de modo dentro de los paréntesis es para
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
778 indicarle en qué modo de edición está. El modo por omisión es
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
779 Fundamental, el cual está usando ahora. Este es un ejemplo de un
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
780 "modo mayor".
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
781
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
782 Emacs tiene diferentes modos mayores. Algunos están hechos para
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
783 editar diferentes lenguajes y/o clases de texto, tales como modo de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
784 Lisp, modo de Texto, etc. En cualquier momento uno y solo un modo
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
785 mayor está activo, y su nombre siempre se puede encontrar en la línea
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
786 de modo, justo en donde "Fundamental" está ahora.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
787
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
788 Cada modo mayor hace que algunos comandos actúen diferente. Por
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
789 ejemplo, hay comandos para crear comentarios en un programa, y como
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
790 cada lenguaje de programación tiene una idea diferente de cómo debe
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
791 verse un comentario, cada modo mayor tiene que insertar comentarios de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
792 forma distinta. Cada modo mayor es el nombre de un comando extendido,
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
793 que es como puede cambiar a ese modo. Por ejemplo, M-x
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
794 fundamental-mode es un comando para cambiar al modo fundamental.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
795
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
796 Si va a editar un texto de algún lenguaje humano, como este archivo,
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
797 debería usar el modo de texto.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
798 >> Teclee M-x text mode<Return>.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
799
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
800 No se preocupe, ninguno de los comandos de Emacs que ha aprendido
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
801 cambia de manera significativa. Pero puede observar que M-f y M-b
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
802 tratan los apóstrofes como parte de las palabras. Previamente, en
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
803 modo Fundamental, M-f y M-b trataban los apóstrofes como separadores
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
804 de palabras.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
805
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
806 Los modos mayores normalmente hacen cambios sutiles como el anterior:
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
807 la mayoría de comandos hacen "el mismo trabajo" en cada modo mayor,
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
808 pero funcionan un poco diferente.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
809
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
810 Para ver documentación en el modo mayor actual, teclee C-h m.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
811
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
812 >> Use C-u C-v una o más veces para traer esta línea cerca de la
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
813 parte superior de la pantalla.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
814
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
815 >> Teclee C-h m, para ver como el modo de Texto difiere del modo
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
816 Fundamental.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
817
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
818 >> Teclee C-x 1 para eliminar la documentación de la pantalla.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
819
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
820 Los modos mayores son llamados así porque también hay modos menores.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
821 Los modos menores no son alternativas para los modos mayores, solo
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
822 modificaciones menores de éstos. Cada modo menor puede ser activado o
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
823 desactivado por sí mismo, independiente de todos los otros modos
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
824 menores, e independiente de su modo mayor. Por tanto, puede no usar
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
825 modos menores, o solamente uno, o cualquier combinación de varios
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
826 modos menores.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
827
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
828 Un modo menor que es muy útil, especialmente para editar textos en
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
829 español, es el modo Auto Fill. Cuando este modo está activado, Emacs
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
830 rompe la línea entre palabras automáticamente siempre que inserte
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
831 texto y la línea sea demasiado ancha.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
832
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
833 Puede activar el modo Auto Fill al hacer M-x auto fill mode<Return>.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
834 Cuando el modo esté activado, puede desactivarlo nuevamente usando M-x
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
835 auto fill mode<Return>. Si el modo está desactivado, este comando lo
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
836 activa, y si el modo está activado, este comando lo desactiva.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
837 Decimos que el comando "cambia el modo".
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
838
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
839 >> teclee M-x auto fill mode<Return> ahora. Luego inserte una línea
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
840 de "asdf " repetidas veces hasta que la vea dividida en dos líneas.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
841 Debe intercalar espacios porque Auto Fill sólo rompe líneas en los
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
842 espacios.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
843
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
844 El margen esta normalmente puesto en 70 caracteres, pero puede
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
845 cambiarlo con el comando C-x f. Debe indicar el margen deseado como
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
846 un argumento numérico.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
847
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
848 >> Teclee C-x f con un argumento de 20. (C-u 2 0 C-x f). Luego
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
849 teclee algún texto y vea como Emacs lo parte en líneas de 20
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
850 caracteres. A continuación ponga de nuevo el margen a 70 usando
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
851 otra vez C-x f.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
852
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
853 Si hace cambios en el medio de un párrafo, el modo Auto Fill no lo
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
854 rellenará por usted.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
855 Para rellenar el párrafo, teclee M-q (META-q) con el cursor dentro de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
856 ese párrafo.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
857
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
858 >> Mueva el cursor al párrafo anterior y teclee M-q.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
859
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
860
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
861 * BUSCAR
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
862 --------
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
863
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
864 Emacs puede hacer búsquedas de cadenas (grupos de caracteres o
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
865 palabras contiguos) hacia adelante a través del texto o hacia atrás en
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
866 el mismo. La búsqueda de una cadena es un comando de movimiento de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
867 cursor; mueve el cursor al próximo lugar donde esa cadena aparece.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
868
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
869 El comando de búsqueda de Emacs es diferente a los comandos de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
870 búsqueda de los demás editores, en que es "incremental". Esto
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
871 significa que la búsqueda ocurre mientras teclea la cadena para
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
872 buscarla.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
873
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
874 El comando para iniciar una búsqueda es C-s para búsqueda hacia
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
875 adelante, y C-r para la búsqueda hacia atrás. ¡PERO ESPERE! No los
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
876 intente aún.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
877
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
878 Cuando teclee C-s verá que la cadena "I-search" aparece como una
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
879 petición en el área de eco. Esto le indica que Emacs está en lo que
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
880 se conoce como búsqueda incremental, esperando que teclee lo que
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
881 quiere buscar. <Return> termina una búsqueda.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
882
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
883 >> Ahora teclee C-s para comenzar la búsqueda. LENTAMENTE, una letra
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
884 a la vez, teclee la palabra 'cursor', haciendo pausa después de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
885 cada carácter para notar lo que pasa con el cursor.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
886 Ahora ha buscado "cursor", una vez.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
887 >> Teclee C-s de nuevo, para buscar la siguiente ocurrencia de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
888 "cursor".
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
889 >> Ahora teclee <Delback> cuatro veces y vea como se mueve el cursor.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
890 >> Teclee <Return> para terminar la búsqueda.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
891
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
892 ¿Vió lo que ocurrió? Emacs, en una búsqueda incremental, trata de ir
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
893 a la ocurrencia de la cadena que ha tecleado hasta el momento. Para
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
894 ir a la próxima ocurrencia de 'cursor' solo teclee C-s de nuevo. Si
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
895 tal ocurrencia no existe, Emacs pita y le dice que la búsqueda actual
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
896 está fallando ("failing"). C-g también termina la búsqueda.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
897
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
898 NOTA: En algunos sistemas, teclear C-s dejará inmóvil la pantalla y no
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
899 podrá ver más respuesta de Emacs. Esto indica que una
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
900 "característica" del sistema operativo llamada "control de flujo" está
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
901 interceptando el C-s y no permitiéndole llegar hasta Emacs. Para
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
902 descongelar la pantalla, teclee C-q. Luego consulte la sección
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
903 "Entrada Espontánea para Búsqueda Incremental" en el manual de Emacs
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
904 para consejos de cómo tratar con esta "característica".
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
905
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
906 Si se encuentra en medio de una búsqueda incremental y teclea
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
907 <Delback>, notará que el último carácter de la cadena buscada se borra
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
908 y la búsqueda vuelve al sitio anterior de la búsqueda. Por ejemplo,
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
909 suponga que ha tecleado "c", para buscar la primera ocurrencia de "c".
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
910 Ahora, si teclea "u", el cursor se moverá a la primera ocurrencia de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
911 "cu". Ahora teclee <Delback>. Esto borra la "u" de la cadena
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
912 buscada, y el cursor vuelve a la primera ocurrencia de "c".
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
913
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
914 Si está en medio de una búsqueda y teclea un carácter control o meta
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
915 (con algunas pocas excepciones: los caracteres que son especiales en
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
916 una búsqueda, tales como C-s y C-r), la búsqueda termina.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
917
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
918 El C-s inicia una exploración que busca alguna ocurrencia de la cadena
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
919 buscada DESPUÉS de la posición actual del cursor. Si quiere buscar
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
920 algo anterior en el texto, teclee en cambio C-r. Todo lo que hemos
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
921 dicho sobre C-s también se aplica a C-r, excepto que la dirección de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
922 la búsqueda se invierte.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
923
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
924
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
925 * MÚLTIPLES VENTANAS
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
926 --------------------
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
927
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
928 Una de las características agradables de Emacs es que se puede mostrar
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
929 más de una ventana en la pantalla al mismo tiempo.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
930
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
931 >> Mueva el cursor a esta línea y teclee C-u 0 C-l (eso es CONTROL-L,
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
932 no CONTROL-1).
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
933
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
934 >> Ahora teclee C-x 2 que divide la pantalla en dos ventanas. Ambas
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
935 ventanas muestran este tutorial. El cursor permanece en la ventana
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
936 superior.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
937
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
938 >> Teclee C-M-v para desplazar la ventana inferior.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
939 (Si no tiene una tecla META real, teclee ESC C-v.)
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
940
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
941 >> Teclee C-x o ("o" para "otro") para mover el cursor a la ventana
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
942 inferior.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
943 >> Use C-v y M-v en la ventana inferior para desplazarla.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
944 Siga leyendo estas direcciones en la ventana superior.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
945
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
946 >> Teclee C-x o de nuevo para mover el cursor de vuelta a la ventana
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
947 superior.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
948 El cursor en la ventana superior está justo donde estaba antes.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
949
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
950 Puede continuar usando C-x o para cambiar entre las ventanas. Cada
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
951 ventana tiene su propia posición del cursor, pero únicamente una
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
952 ventana actual muestra el cursor. Todos los comandos de edición
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
953 comunes se aplican a la ventana en que está el cursor. Llamaremos
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
954 esto la "ventana seleccionada".
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
955
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
956 El comando C-M-v es muy útil cuando está editando un texto en una
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
957 ventana y usando la otra ventana como referencia. Puede mantener el
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
958 cursor siempre en la ventana donde está editando, y avanzar a la otra
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
959 ventana secuencialmente con C-M-v.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
960
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
961 C-M-v es un ejemplo de un carácter CONTROL-META. Si tiene una tecla
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
962 META real, puede teclear C-M-v pulsando a la vez CONTROL y META
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
963 mientras teclea v. No importa qué tecla "vaya primero", CONTROL o
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
964 META, porque las dos teclas actúan modificando los caracteres que
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
965 teclea.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
966
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
967 Si no tiene una tecla META real, y en vez de eso usa ESC, el orden sí
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
968 importa: debe teclear ESC seguido de Control-v, porque Control-ESC v
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
969 no funcionará. Esto es porque ESC es un carácter que tiene valor por
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
970 sí mismo, no es una tecla modificadora.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
971
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
972 >> Teclee C-x 1 (en la ventana de arriba) para deshacerse de la
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
973 ventana de abajo.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
974
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
975 (Si hubiera tecleado C-x 1 en la ventana inferior, esto eliminaría la
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
976 superior. Piense en este comando como "mantener sólo una
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
977 ventana--aquella en la cual estoy.")
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
978
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
979 No tiene por qué mostrarse el mismo buffer en ambas ventanas. Si usa
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
980 C-x C-f para encontrar un archivo en una ventana, la otra ventana no
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
981 cambia. Puede encontrar un archivo en cada ventana
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
982 independientemente.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
983
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
984 Aquí hay otra forma para usar dos ventanas para mostrar dos cosas
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
985 diferentes:
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
986
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
987 >> Teclee C-x 4 C-f seguido del nombre de uno de sus archivos.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
988 Finalice con <Return>. Vea que el archivo especificado aparece en
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
989 la ventana inferior. El cursor vá allá también.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
990
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
991 >> Teclee C-x o para regresar a la ventana superior, y C-x 1 para
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
992 borrar la ventana inferior.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
993
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
994
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
995 * NIVELES RECURSIVOS DE EDICIÓN
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
996 --------------------------------
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
997
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
998 Algunas veces entrará a lo que es llamado un "nivel recursivo de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
999 edición". Esto se indica en la línea de modo mediante corchetes en la
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1000 línea de modo, rodeando los paréntesis del nombre del modo mayor. Por
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1001 ejemplo, probablemente vea [(Fundamental)] en vez de (Fundamental).
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1002
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1003 Para salir de los niveles recursivos de edición, teclee ESC ESC ESC.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1004 Éste es un comando de "salida" para todo propósito. También lo puede
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1005 usar para eliminar ventanas extras, y salir del minibuffer.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1006
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1007 >> Teclee M-x para entrar a un minibuffer; luego teclee ESC ESC ESC
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1008 para salir.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1009
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1010 No se puede usar C-g para salir de los "niveles recursivos de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1011 edición". Esto es porque C-g es usado para cancelar comandos y
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1012 argumentos DENTRO del nivel recursivo de edición.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1013
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1014
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1015 * CONSEGUIR MAS AYUDA
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1016 ---------------------
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1017
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1018 En este tutorial hemos tratado de ofrecer suficiente información para
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1019 que empiece a usar Emacs. Hay tanto disponible en Emacs que sería
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1020 imposible explicar todo aquí. Sin embargo, quizá desee aprender más
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1021 sobre Emacs, ya que tiene muchas otras características útiles. Emacs
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1022 provee comandos para leer documentación acerca de los comandos de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1023 Emacs. Todos estos comandos de "ayuda" comienzan con el carácter
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1024 Control-h, que es llamado "el carácter de Ayuda (Help)".
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1025
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1026 Para usar las funciones de ayuda, teclee el carácter C-h, y luego un
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1027 carácter decidiendo qué tipo de ayuda quiere. Si está REALMENTE
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1028 perdido teclee C-h ? y Emacs le dirá qué tipo de ayuda puede
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1029 ofrecerle. Si ha tecleado C-h y decide que no quiere ninguna ayuda,
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1030 teclee C-g para cancelarlo.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1031
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1032 (En algunas instalaciones cambian el significado del carácter C-h.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1033 Realmente no deberían hacer esto como una política para todos los
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1034 usuarios, así que tiene argumentos para quejarse al administrador del
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1035 sistema. Mientras tanto, si C-h no muestra un mensaje de ayuda en el
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1036 final de la pantalla, intente teclear la tecla F1 o, en su lugar, M-x
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1037 help <Return>).
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1038
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1039 La función de AYUDA más básica es C-h c. Teclee C-h, el carácter c y
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1040 un carácter de comando o secuencia de comando; Emacs le mostrará
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1041 una descripción muy breve del comando.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1042
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1043 >> Teclee C-h c C-p.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1044 El mensaje debe ser algo como
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1045
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1046 C-p runs the command previous-line
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1047
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1048 Esto le dice el "nombre de la función". Los nombres de función se
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1049 usan principalmente para adecuar y extender Emacs. Pero ya que los
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1050 nombres de las funciones se eligen para indicar lo que el comando
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1051 hace, también pueden servir como una breve documentación: suficiente
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1052 para recordarle los comandos que ha aprendido.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1053
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1054 Los comandos de múltiples caracteres tales como C-x C-s y (sí no tiene
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1055 las teclas META o EDIT o ALT) <ESC>v también están permitidos después
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1056 de C-h c.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1057
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1058 Para conseguir más información sobre un comando use C-h k en vez de
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1059 C-h c.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1060
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1061 >> Teclee C-h k C-p.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1062
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1063 Esto muestra la documentación de la función, al igual que el nombre,
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1064 en una ventana de Emacs. Cuando haya terminado de leer el resultado,
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1065 teclee C-x 1 para deshacerse del texto de ayuda. No tiene que hacer
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1066 esto ahora. Puede hacer algunas ediciones mientras se refiere
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1067 al texto de ayuda, y entonces teclear C-x 1.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1068
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1069 Aquí hay algunas otras opciones útiles de C-h:
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1070
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1071 C-h f Describe una función. Usted teclea el nombre de la
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1072 función.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1073
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1074 >> Intente teclear C-h f previous-line<Return>.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1075 Esto muestra toda la información que Emacs tiene sobre la función
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1076 que implementa el comando C-p
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1077
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1078 Un comando similar, C-h v, muestra la documentación de variables cuyos
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1079 valores pueda poner para adecuar el comportamiento de Emacs. Necesita
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1080 teclear el nombre de la variable cuando Emacs pregunte por ella.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1081
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1082 C-h a Comando Apropos. Teclee una palabra y Emacs hará una
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1083 lista de todos los comandos que contengan esa palabra.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1084 Todos estos comandos pueden ser invocados con META-x.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1085 Para algunos comandos, el Comando Apropos también
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1086 listará una secuencia de uno o dos caracteres la cual
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1087 ejecutará el mismo comando.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1088
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1089 >> Teclee C-h a file<Return>.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1090
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1091 Esto muestra en otra ventana una lista de todos los comandos M-x con
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1092 la palabra "file" en sus nombres. Verá comandos de caracteres como
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1093 C-x C-f listados además de los nombres de los comandos
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1094 correspondientes tales como find-file.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1095
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1096 >> Teclee C-M-v para desplazar la ventana de ayuda. Haga esto unas
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1097 cuantas veces.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1098
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1099 >> Teclee C-x 1 para borrar la ventana de ayuda.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1100
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1101 C-h i Leer los Manuales En-Línea (alias Info). Este comando
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1102 lo pone en un buffer especial llamado `*info*' donde
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1103 puede leer manuales en línea de los paquetes
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1104 instalados en su sistema. Teclee m Emacs <Return>
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1105 para leer el manual de Emacs. Sí nunca ha usado Info
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1106 antes, teclee ? y Emacs lo llevará en una visita
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1107 guiada de los servicios del modo de Info. Una vez que
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1108 haya terminado este tutorial, debería considerar el
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1109 manual Info de Emacs como su documentación primaria.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1110
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1111
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1112 * MÁS CARACTERÍSTICAS
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1113 ---------------------
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1114
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1115 Puede aprender más de Emacs leyendo su manual, ya sea como libro o en
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1116 línea en el Info (use el menú Ayuda--"Help"--o teclee F10 h r). Dos
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1117 características que pueden gustarle son la completación, que ahorra
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1118 teclear, y dired, que simplifica el manejo de archivos.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1119
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1120 La completación es una manera de ahorrar teclear innecesariamente.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1121 Por ejemplo, si quiere cambiarse al buffer "*Messages*", puede teclear
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1122 C-x b *M<Tab> y emacs encontrará el resto del nombre del buffer tan
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1123 lejos como pueda determinar de lo que ya haya tecleado. La
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1124 completación es descrita en el Info del manual de Emacs en el nodo
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1125 llamado "Completation".
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1126
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1127 Dired le permite listar los archivos en un directorio (y opcionalmente
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1128 sus subdirectorios), moverse alrededor de esa lista, visitar,
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1129 renombrar, borrar y aparte de eso operar en los archivos. Dired esta
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1130 descrito en el Info en el manual de Emacs en el nodo llamado "Dired".
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1131
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1132 El manual también describe otras características de Emacs.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1133
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1134
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1135 * CONCLUSIÓN
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1136 ------------
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1137
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1138 Recuerde, para salir permanentemente de Emacs use C-x C-c. Para salir
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1139 temporalmente a un intérprete de comandos, de forma que puede volver a
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1140 Emacs después, use C-z.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1141
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1142 Este tutorial intenta ser comprensible para todos los usuarios nuevos,
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1143 así que si encuentra algo que no esté claro, no se siente y se culpe a
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1144 sí mismo: ¡Quéjese!
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1145
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1146
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1147 * COPIA
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1148 -------
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1149
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1150 Este tutorial desciende de una larga línea de tutoriales de Emacs
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1151 comenzando con el escrito por Stuart Cracraft para el Emacs original.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1152
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1153 La versión en español fue originalmente traducida por estudiantes del
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1154 Gimnasio Fidel Cano (un colegio en Santafé de Bogotá, Colombia):
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1155
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1156 Carlos Alberto López Troncoso
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1157 Andrés Felipe Mancipe Galvis
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1158 Lina Fernanda Pinto García
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1159 Liliana Carolina Quitián Cedeño
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1160 Leonardo Ramírez Vargas <leonardoramirez@latinmail.com>
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1161 Juan David Vargas Botero <cyberbob1164@hotmail.com>
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1162 Juan Pablo Yela Gallón
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1163 Jorge Enrique Cárdenas Carrillo <platypus_life@hotmail.com>
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1164
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1165 La versión en español ha sido revisada y corregida por:
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1166
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1167 Pablo Reyes <reyes_pablo@hotmail.com>
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1168 Igor Támara <ikks@bigfoot.com>
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1169 Melissa Giraldo de Támara <melagira@yahoo.com>
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1170 Vladimir Támara <vtamara@gnu.org>
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1171 Rafael Sepúlveda <drs@gnulinux.org.mx>
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1172 Juanma Barranquero <lektu@terra.es>
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1173
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1174 La versión en español ha sido actualizada por:
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1175
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1176 Rafael Sepúlveda <drs@gnulinux.org.mx>
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1177
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1178 Por favor, en caso de duda, sólo es válido el original en inglés de la
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1179 siguiente nota de derechos de reproducción (que puede encontrar en el
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1180 archivo TUTORIAL).
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1181
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1182 Copyright (C) 1985, 1996, 1998, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004,
87649
107ccd98fa12 Merge from emacs--rel--22
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 82712
diff changeset
1183 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
82712
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1184
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1185 Se permite a cualquiera hacer o distribuir copias literales de este
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1186 documento como se recibe, en cualquier medio, siempre que la nota
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1187 de derechos de reproducción y la nota de permiso se preserven, y
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1188 que el distribuidor permita que el que la recibe hacer distribución
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1189 posterior como lo permite esta nota.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1190
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1191 Se permite distribuir versiones modificadas de este documento, o
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1192 porciones de este, bajo las condiciones anteriores, siempre que
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1193 ellas tengan nota visible especificando quién fue el último en
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1194 alterarlas.
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1195
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1196 Las condiciones para copiar Emacs mismo son más complejas, pero con el
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1197 mismo espíritu. Por favor lea el archivo COPYING y luego distribuya
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1198 copias de GNU Emacs a sus amigos. ¡Ayude a erradicar el
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1199 obstruccionismo del software ("propietariedad") usando, escribiendo, y
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1200 compartiendo software libre!
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1201
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1202 --- end of TUTORIAL.es ---
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1203
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1204 ;;; Local Variables:
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1205 ;;; coding: latin-1
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1206 ;;; End:
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1207
a74d93c27e83 Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1208 ;;; arch-tag: 66aae86e-6f86-4a3e-b82a-44a783f774fd