Mercurial > emacs
annotate man/display.texi @ 36387:1a1c42cf437f
Add Copyright notice.
author | Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org> |
---|---|
date | Mon, 26 Feb 2001 00:21:47 +0000 |
parents | 11db0318031d |
children | 9904afd52408 |
rev | line source |
---|---|
36157
f079e00e119f
The log entry for the previous version was a spazz. Ignore it.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36156
diff
changeset
|
1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual. |
33730
055f3e6bf32c
(Display Vars): Note that `mode-line-inverse-video' is deprecated.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
32624
diff
changeset
|
2 @c Copyright (C) 1985, 86, 87, 93, 94, 95, 1997, 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
25829 | 3 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions. |
4 @node Display, Search, Registers, Top | |
5 @chapter Controlling the Display | |
6 | |
7 Since only part of a large buffer fits in the window, Emacs tries to | |
8 show a part that is likely to be interesting. Display-control commands | |
9 allow you to specify which part of the text you want to see, and how to | |
10 display it. | |
11 | |
12 @menu | |
13 * Scrolling:: Moving text up and down in a window. | |
14 * Horizontal Scrolling:: Moving text left and right in a window. | |
15 * Follow Mode:: Follow mode lets two windows scroll as one. | |
16 * Selective Display:: Hiding lines with lots of indentation. | |
17 * Optional Mode Line:: Optional mode line display features. | |
18 * Text Display:: How text characters are normally displayed. | |
36150
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
19 * Display Custom:: Information on variables for customizing display. |
36156
3a9de976b35c
Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36151
diff
changeset
|
20 * Cursor Display:: Features for displaying the cursor. |
25829 | 21 @end menu |
22 | |
23 @node Scrolling | |
24 @section Scrolling | |
25 | |
26 If a buffer contains text that is too large to fit entirely within a | |
27 window that is displaying the buffer, Emacs shows a contiguous portion of | |
28 the text. The portion shown always contains point. | |
29 | |
30 @cindex scrolling | |
31 @dfn{Scrolling} means moving text up or down in the window so that | |
32 different parts of the text are visible. Scrolling forward means that text | |
33 moves up, and new text appears at the bottom. Scrolling backward moves | |
34 text down and new text appears at the top. | |
35 | |
36 Scrolling happens automatically if you move point past the bottom or top | |
37 of the window. You can also explicitly request scrolling with the commands | |
38 in this section. | |
39 | |
40 @table @kbd | |
41 @item C-l | |
42 Clear screen and redisplay, scrolling the selected window to center | |
43 point vertically within it (@code{recenter}). | |
44 @item C-v | |
45 Scroll forward (a windowful or a specified number of lines) (@code{scroll-up}). | |
46 @item @key{NEXT} | |
47 Likewise, scroll forward. | |
48 @item M-v | |
49 Scroll backward (@code{scroll-down}). | |
50 @item @key{PRIOR} | |
51 Likewise, scroll backward. | |
52 @item @var{arg} C-l | |
53 Scroll so point is on line @var{arg} (@code{recenter}). | |
54 @item C-M-l | |
55 Scroll heuristically to bring useful information onto the screen | |
56 (@code{reposition-window}). | |
57 @end table | |
58 | |
59 @kindex C-l | |
60 @findex recenter | |
61 The most basic scrolling command is @kbd{C-l} (@code{recenter}) with | |
62 no argument. It clears the entire screen and redisplays all windows. | |
63 In addition, it scrolls the selected window so that point is halfway | |
64 down from the top of the window. | |
65 | |
66 @kindex C-v | |
67 @kindex M-v | |
68 @kindex NEXT | |
69 @kindex PRIOR | |
70 @findex scroll-up | |
71 @findex scroll-down | |
72 The scrolling commands @kbd{C-v} and @kbd{M-v} let you move all the text | |
73 in the window up or down a few lines. @kbd{C-v} (@code{scroll-up}) with an | |
74 argument shows you that many more lines at the bottom of the window, moving | |
75 the text and point up together as @kbd{C-l} might. @kbd{C-v} with a | |
76 negative argument shows you more lines at the top of the window. | |
77 @kbd{M-v} (@code{scroll-down}) is like @kbd{C-v}, but moves in the | |
78 opposite direction. The function keys @key{NEXT} and @key{PRIOR} are | |
79 equivalent to @kbd{C-v} and @kbd{M-v}. | |
80 | |
81 The names of scroll commands are based on the direction that the text | |
82 moves in the window. Thus, the command to scroll forward is called | |
83 @code{scroll-up} because it moves the text upward on the screen. | |
84 | |
85 @vindex next-screen-context-lines | |
86 To read the buffer a windowful at a time, use @kbd{C-v} with no argument. | |
87 It takes the last two lines at the bottom of the window and puts them at | |
88 the top, followed by nearly a whole windowful of lines not previously | |
89 visible. If point was in the text scrolled off the top, it moves to the | |
90 new top of the window. @kbd{M-v} with no argument moves backward with | |
91 overlap similarly. The number of lines of overlap across a @kbd{C-v} or | |
92 @kbd{M-v} is controlled by the variable @code{next-screen-context-lines}; by | |
93 default, it is 2. | |
94 | |
95 @vindex scroll-preserve-screen-position | |
96 Some users like the full-screen scroll commands to keep point at the | |
97 same screen line. To enable this behavior, set the variable | |
98 @code{scroll-preserve-screen-position} to a non-@code{nil} value. This | |
99 mode is convenient for browsing through a file by scrolling by | |
100 screenfuls; if you come back to the screen where you started, point goes | |
101 back to the line where it started. However, this mode is inconvenient | |
102 when you move to the next screen in order to move point to the text | |
103 there. | |
104 | |
105 Another way to do scrolling is with @kbd{C-l} with a numeric argument. | |
106 @kbd{C-l} does not clear the screen when given an argument; it only scrolls | |
107 the selected window. With a positive argument @var{n}, it repositions text | |
108 to put point @var{n} lines down from the top. An argument of zero puts | |
109 point on the very top line. Point does not move with respect to the text; | |
110 rather, the text and point move rigidly on the screen. @kbd{C-l} with a | |
111 negative argument puts point that many lines from the bottom of the window. | |
112 For example, @kbd{C-u - 1 C-l} puts point on the bottom line, and @kbd{C-u | |
113 - 5 C-l} puts it five lines from the bottom. Just @kbd{C-u} as argument, | |
114 as in @kbd{C-u C-l}, scrolls point to the center of the selected window. | |
115 | |
116 @kindex C-M-l | |
117 @findex reposition-window | |
118 The @kbd{C-M-l} command (@code{reposition-window}) scrolls the current | |
119 window heuristically in a way designed to get useful information onto | |
120 the screen. For example, in a Lisp file, this command tries to get the | |
121 entire current defun onto the screen if possible. | |
122 | |
123 @vindex scroll-conservatively | |
124 Scrolling happens automatically if point has moved out of the visible | |
125 portion of the text when it is time to display. Normally, automatic | |
126 scrolling centers point vertically within the window. However, if you | |
127 set @code{scroll-conservatively} to a small number @var{n}, then if you | |
128 move point just a little off the screen---less than @var{n} lines---then | |
129 Emacs scrolls the text just far enough to bring point back on screen. | |
130 By default, @code{scroll-conservatively} is 0. | |
131 | |
31126
66e5313fd5bc
Document scroll-up-aggressively and scroll-down-aggressively.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
31041
diff
changeset
|
132 @cindex aggressive scrolling |
66e5313fd5bc
Document scroll-up-aggressively and scroll-down-aggressively.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
31041
diff
changeset
|
133 @vindex scroll-up-aggressively |
66e5313fd5bc
Document scroll-up-aggressively and scroll-down-aggressively.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
31041
diff
changeset
|
134 @vindex scroll-down-aggressively |
36150
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
135 When the window does scroll by a longer distance, you can control |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
136 how aggressively it scrolls, by setting the variables |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
137 @code{scroll-up-aggressively} and @code{scroll-down-aggressively}. |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
138 The value of @code{scroll-up-aggressively} should be either |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
139 @code{nil}, or a fraction @var{f} between 0 and 1. A fraction |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
140 specifies where on the screen to put point when scrolling upward. |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
141 More precisely, when a window scrolls up because point is above the |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
142 window start, the new start position is chosen to put point @var{f} |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
143 part of the window height from the top. The larger @var{f}, the more |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
144 aggressive the scrolling. |
31126
66e5313fd5bc
Document scroll-up-aggressively and scroll-down-aggressively.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
31041
diff
changeset
|
145 |
36150
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
146 @code{nil}, which is the default, scrolls to put point at the center. |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
147 So it is equivalent to .5. |
31126
66e5313fd5bc
Document scroll-up-aggressively and scroll-down-aggressively.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
31041
diff
changeset
|
148 |
36150
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
149 Likewise, @code{scroll-down-aggressively} is used for scrolling |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
150 down. The value, @var{f}, specifies how far point should be placed |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
151 from the bottom of the window; thus, as with |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
152 @code{scroll-up-aggressively}, a larger value is more aggressive. |
31126
66e5313fd5bc
Document scroll-up-aggressively and scroll-down-aggressively.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
31041
diff
changeset
|
153 |
25829 | 154 @vindex scroll-margin |
155 The variable @code{scroll-margin} restricts how close point can come | |
156 to the top or bottom of a window. Its value is a number of screen | |
157 lines; if point comes within that many lines of the top or bottom of the | |
158 window, Emacs recenters the window. By default, @code{scroll-margin} is | |
159 0. | |
160 | |
161 @node Horizontal Scrolling | |
162 @section Horizontal Scrolling | |
163 @cindex horizontal scrolling | |
164 | |
165 @dfn{Horizontal scrolling} means shifting all the lines sideways | |
36150
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
166 within a window---so that some of the text near the left margin is not |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
167 displayed at all. Emacs does this automatically, in any window that |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
168 uses line truncation rather than continuation: whenever point moves |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
169 off the left or right edge of the screen, Emacs scrolls the buffer |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
170 horizontally to make point visible. |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
171 |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
172 When a window has been scrolled horizontally, text lines are truncated |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
173 rather than continued (@pxref{Continuation Lines}), with a @samp{$} |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
174 appearing in the first column when there is text truncated to the left, |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
175 and in the last column when there is text truncated to the right. |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
176 |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
177 You can use these commands to do explicit horizontal scrolling. |
25829 | 178 |
179 @table @kbd | |
180 @item C-x < | |
181 Scroll text in current window to the left (@code{scroll-left}). | |
182 @item C-x > | |
183 Scroll to the right (@code{scroll-right}). | |
184 @end table | |
185 | |
186 @kindex C-x < | |
187 @kindex C-x > | |
188 @findex scroll-left | |
189 @findex scroll-right | |
190 The command @kbd{C-x <} (@code{scroll-left}) scrolls the selected | |
191 window to the left by @var{n} columns with argument @var{n}. This moves | |
192 part of the beginning of each line off the left edge of the window. | |
193 With no argument, it scrolls by almost the full width of the window (two | |
194 columns less, to be precise). | |
195 | |
196 @kbd{C-x >} (@code{scroll-right}) scrolls similarly to the right. The | |
197 window cannot be scrolled any farther to the right once it is displayed | |
198 normally (with each line starting at the window's left margin); | |
199 attempting to do so has no effect. This means that you don't have to | |
200 calculate the argument precisely for @w{@kbd{C-x >}}; any sufficiently large | |
201 argument will restore the normal display. | |
202 | |
36150
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
203 If you scroll a window horizontally by hand, that sets a lower bound |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
204 for automatic horizontal scrolling. Automatic scrolling will continue |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
205 to scroll the window, but never further to the right than the amount |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
206 you previously set by @code{scroll-left}. |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
207 |
31041
240df9dae7a7
Document the automatic hscrolling.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
30870
diff
changeset
|
208 @vindex automatic-hscrolling |
36150
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
209 To disable automatic horizontal scrolling, set the variable |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
210 @code{automatic-hscrolling} to @code{nil}. |
34749 | 211 |
25829 | 212 @node Follow Mode |
213 @section Follow Mode | |
214 @cindex Follow mode | |
215 @cindex mode, Follow | |
36246
fd61c05ce91c
Add index entries for Follow mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36245
diff
changeset
|
216 @findex follow-mode |
fd61c05ce91c
Add index entries for Follow mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36245
diff
changeset
|
217 @cindex windows, synchronizing |
fd61c05ce91c
Add index entries for Follow mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36245
diff
changeset
|
218 @cindex synchronizing windows |
25829 | 219 |
220 @dfn{Follow mode} is a minor mode that makes two windows showing the | |
221 same buffer scroll as one tall ``virtual window.'' To use Follow mode, | |
222 go to a frame with just one window, split it into two side-by-side | |
223 windows using @kbd{C-x 3}, and then type @kbd{M-x follow-mode}. From | |
224 then on, you can edit the buffer in either of the two windows, or scroll | |
225 either one; the other window follows it. | |
226 | |
36245 | 227 In Follow mode, if you move point outside the portion visible in one |
228 window and into the portion visible in the other window, that selects | |
229 the other window---again, treating the two as if they were parts of | |
230 one large window. | |
231 | |
25829 | 232 To turn off Follow mode, type @kbd{M-x follow-mode} a second time. |
233 | |
234 @node Selective Display | |
235 @section Selective Display | |
36263
11db0318031d
Remove redundant index entries.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36260
diff
changeset
|
236 @cindex selective display |
25829 | 237 @findex set-selective-display |
238 @kindex C-x $ | |
239 | |
240 Emacs has the ability to hide lines indented more than a certain number | |
241 of columns (you specify how many columns). You can use this to get an | |
242 overview of a part of a program. | |
243 | |
244 To hide lines, type @kbd{C-x $} (@code{set-selective-display}) with a | |
245 numeric argument @var{n}. Then lines with at least @var{n} columns of | |
246 indentation disappear from the screen. The only indication of their | |
247 presence is that three dots (@samp{@dots{}}) appear at the end of each | |
248 visible line that is followed by one or more hidden ones. | |
249 | |
250 The commands @kbd{C-n} and @kbd{C-p} move across the hidden lines as | |
251 if they were not there. | |
252 | |
253 The hidden lines are still present in the buffer, and most editing | |
254 commands see them as usual, so you may find point in the middle of the | |
255 hidden text. When this happens, the cursor appears at the end of the | |
256 previous line, after the three dots. If point is at the end of the | |
257 visible line, before the newline that ends it, the cursor appears before | |
258 the three dots. | |
259 | |
260 To make all lines visible again, type @kbd{C-x $} with no argument. | |
261 | |
262 @vindex selective-display-ellipses | |
263 If you set the variable @code{selective-display-ellipses} to | |
264 @code{nil}, the three dots do not appear at the end of a line that | |
265 precedes hidden lines. Then there is no visible indication of the | |
266 hidden lines. This variable becomes local automatically when set. | |
267 | |
268 @node Optional Mode Line | |
269 @section Optional Mode Line Features | |
270 | |
36150
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
271 @cindex line number display |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
272 @cindex display of line number |
25829 | 273 @findex line-number-mode |
274 The current line number of point appears in the mode line when Line | |
275 Number mode is enabled. Use the command @kbd{M-x line-number-mode} to | |
276 turn this mode on and off; normally it is on. The line number appears | |
277 before the buffer percentage @var{pos}, with the letter @samp{L} to | |
278 indicate what it is. @xref{Minor Modes}, for more information about | |
279 minor modes and about how to use this command. | |
280 | |
281 @vindex line-number-display-limit | |
282 If the buffer is very large (larger than the value of | |
283 @code{line-number-display-limit}), then the line number doesn't appear. | |
284 Emacs doesn't compute the line number when the buffer is large, because | |
29753 | 285 that would be too slow. Set it to @code{nil} to remove the limit. If |
286 you have narrowed the buffer (@pxref{Narrowing}), the displayed line | |
287 number is relative to the accessible portion of the buffer. | |
25829 | 288 |
289 @cindex Column Number mode | |
290 @cindex mode, Column Number | |
291 @findex column-number-mode | |
292 You can also display the current column number by turning on Column | |
293 Number mode. It displays the current column number preceded by the | |
294 letter @samp{C}. Type @kbd{M-x column-number-mode} to toggle this mode. | |
295 | |
296 @findex display-time | |
297 @cindex time (on mode line) | |
298 Emacs can optionally display the time and system load in all mode | |
30870 | 299 lines. To enable this feature, type @kbd{M-x display-time} or customize |
300 the option @code{display-time-mode}. The information added to the mode | |
301 line usually appears after the buffer name, before the mode names and | |
302 their parentheses. It looks like this: | |
25829 | 303 |
304 @example | |
305 @var{hh}:@var{mm}pm @var{l.ll} | |
306 @end example | |
307 | |
308 @noindent | |
309 @vindex display-time-24hr-format | |
310 Here @var{hh} and @var{mm} are the hour and minute, followed always by | |
311 @samp{am} or @samp{pm}. @var{l.ll} is the average number of running | |
312 processes in the whole system recently. (Some fields may be missing if | |
313 your operating system cannot support them.) If you prefer time display | |
314 in 24-hour format, set the variable @code{display-time-24hr-format} | |
315 to @code{t}. | |
316 | |
317 @cindex mail (on mode line) | |
28800 | 318 @vindex display-time-use-mail-icon |
319 @vindex display-time-mail-face | |
25829 | 320 The word @samp{Mail} appears after the load level if there is mail |
28800 | 321 for you that you have not read yet. On a graphical display you can use |
322 an icon instead of @samp{Mail} by customizing | |
323 @code{display-time-use-mail-icon}; this may save some space on the mode | |
324 line. You can customize @code{display-time-mail-face} to make the mail | |
325 indicator prominent. | |
25829 | 326 |
35433
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
327 @cindex mode line, 3D appearence |
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
328 @cindex attributes of mode line, changing |
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
329 @cindex non-integral number of lines in a window |
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
330 By default, the mode line is drawn on graphics displays as a 3D |
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
331 released button. Depending on the font used for the mode line's text, |
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
332 this might make the mode line use more space than a text line in a |
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
333 window, and cause the last line of the window be partially obscured. |
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
334 That is, the window displays a non-integral number of text lines. If |
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
335 you don't like this effect, you can disable the 3D appearence of the |
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
336 mode line by customizing the attributes of the @code{mode-line} face in |
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
337 your @file{.emacs} init file, like this: |
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
338 |
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
339 @example |
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
340 (set-face-attribute 'mode-line nil :box nil) |
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
341 @end example |
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
342 |
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
343 @noindent |
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
344 Alternatively, you could turn off the box attribute in your |
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
345 @file{.Xdefaults} file: |
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
346 |
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
347 @example |
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
348 Emacs.mode-line.AttributeBox: off |
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
349 @end example |
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
350 |
25829 | 351 @node Text Display |
352 @section How Text Is Displayed | |
353 @cindex characters (in text) | |
354 | |
355 ASCII printing characters (octal codes 040 through 0176) in Emacs | |
356 buffers are displayed with their graphics. So are non-ASCII multibyte | |
357 printing characters (octal codes above 0400). | |
358 | |
359 Some ASCII control characters are displayed in special ways. The | |
360 newline character (octal code 012) is displayed by starting a new line. | |
361 The tab character (octal code 011) is displayed by moving to the next | |
362 tab stop column (normally every 8 columns). | |
363 | |
364 Other ASCII control characters are normally displayed as a caret | |
365 (@samp{^}) followed by the non-control version of the character; thus, | |
366 control-A is displayed as @samp{^A}. | |
367 | |
33744 | 368 Non-ASCII characters 0200 through 0237 (octal) are displayed with |
369 octal escape sequences; thus, character code 0230 (octal) is displayed | |
370 as @samp{\230}. The display of character codes 0240 through 0377 | |
371 (octal) may be either as escape sequences or as graphics. They do not | |
372 normally occur in multibyte buffers but if they do, they are displayed | |
373 as Latin-1 graphics. In unibyte mode, if you enable European display | |
374 they are displayed using their graphics (assuming your terminal supports | |
375 them), otherwise as escape sequences. @xref{Single-Byte Character | |
376 Support}. | |
25829 | 377 |
36150
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
378 @node Display Custom |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
379 @section Customization of Display |
25829 | 380 |
381 This section contains information for customization only. Beginning | |
382 users should skip it. | |
383 | |
384 @vindex mode-line-inverse-video | |
33730
055f3e6bf32c
(Display Vars): Note that `mode-line-inverse-video' is deprecated.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
32624
diff
changeset
|
385 The variable @code{mode-line-inverse-video} is an obsolete way of |
055f3e6bf32c
(Display Vars): Note that `mode-line-inverse-video' is deprecated.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
32624
diff
changeset
|
386 controlling whether the mode line is displayed in inverse video; the |
055f3e6bf32c
(Display Vars): Note that `mode-line-inverse-video' is deprecated.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
32624
diff
changeset
|
387 preferred way of doing this is to change the @code{mode-line} face. |
055f3e6bf32c
(Display Vars): Note that `mode-line-inverse-video' is deprecated.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
32624
diff
changeset
|
388 @xref{Mode Line}. If you specify the foreground color for the |
055f3e6bf32c
(Display Vars): Note that `mode-line-inverse-video' is deprecated.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
32624
diff
changeset
|
389 @code{mode-line} face, and @code{mode-line-inverse-video} is |
055f3e6bf32c
(Display Vars): Note that `mode-line-inverse-video' is deprecated.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
32624
diff
changeset
|
390 non-@code{nil}, then the default background color for that face is the |
055f3e6bf32c
(Display Vars): Note that `mode-line-inverse-video' is deprecated.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
32624
diff
changeset
|
391 usual foreground color. @xref{Faces}. |
25829 | 392 |
393 @vindex inverse-video | |
394 If the variable @code{inverse-video} is non-@code{nil}, Emacs attempts | |
395 to invert all the lines of the display from what they normally are. | |
396 | |
397 @vindex visible-bell | |
398 If the variable @code{visible-bell} is non-@code{nil}, Emacs attempts | |
399 to make the whole screen blink when it would normally make an audible bell | |
400 sound. This variable has no effect if your terminal does not have a way | |
401 to make the screen blink.@refill | |
402 | |
403 @vindex no-redraw-on-reenter | |
404 When you reenter Emacs after suspending, Emacs normally clears the | |
405 screen and redraws the entire display. On some terminals with more than | |
406 one page of memory, it is possible to arrange the termcap entry so that | |
407 the @samp{ti} and @samp{te} strings (output to the terminal when Emacs | |
408 is entered and exited, respectively) switch between pages of memory so | |
409 as to use one page for Emacs and another page for other output. Then | |
410 you might want to set the variable @code{no-redraw-on-reenter} | |
411 non-@code{nil}; this tells Emacs to assume, when resumed, that the | |
412 screen page it is using still contains what Emacs last wrote there. | |
413 | |
414 @vindex echo-keystrokes | |
415 The variable @code{echo-keystrokes} controls the echoing of multi-character | |
416 keys; its value is the number of seconds of pause required to cause echoing | |
417 to start, or zero meaning don't echo at all. @xref{Echo Area}. | |
418 | |
419 @vindex ctl-arrow | |
420 If the variable @code{ctl-arrow} is @code{nil}, control characters in | |
421 the buffer are displayed with octal escape sequences, except for newline | |
422 and tab. Altering the value of @code{ctl-arrow} makes it local to the | |
423 current buffer; until that time, the default value is in effect. The | |
424 default is initially @code{t}. @xref{Display Tables,, Display Tables, | |
425 elisp, The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}. | |
426 | |
427 @vindex tab-width | |
428 Normally, a tab character in the buffer is displayed as whitespace which | |
429 extends to the next display tab stop position, and display tab stops come | |
430 at intervals equal to eight spaces. The number of spaces per tab is | |
431 controlled by the variable @code{tab-width}, which is made local by | |
432 changing it, just like @code{ctl-arrow}. Note that how the tab character | |
433 in the buffer is displayed has nothing to do with the definition of | |
434 @key{TAB} as a command. The variable @code{tab-width} must have an | |
435 integer value between 1 and 1000, inclusive. | |
436 | |
437 @c @vindex truncate-lines @c No index entry here, because we have one | |
438 @c in the continuation section. | |
439 If the variable @code{truncate-lines} is non-@code{nil}, then each | |
440 line of text gets just one screen line for display; if the text line is | |
441 too long, display shows only the part that fits. If | |
442 @code{truncate-lines} is @code{nil}, then long text lines display as | |
443 more than one screen line, enough to show the whole text of the line. | |
444 @xref{Continuation Lines}. Altering the value of @code{truncate-lines} | |
445 makes it local to the current buffer; until that time, the default value | |
446 is in effect. The default is initially @code{nil}. | |
447 | |
448 @c @vindex truncate-partial-width-windows @c Idx entry is in Split Windows. | |
449 If the variable @code{truncate-partial-width-windows} is | |
450 non-@code{nil}, it forces truncation rather than continuation in any | |
451 window less than the full width of the screen or frame, regardless of | |
452 the value of @code{truncate-lines}. For information about side-by-side | |
453 windows, see @ref{Split Window}. See also @ref{Display,, Display, | |
454 elisp, The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}. | |
455 | |
456 @vindex baud-rate | |
36151
8597da1b1ab7
Minor changes in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36150
diff
changeset
|
457 The variable @code{baud-rate} holds the output speed of the |
8597da1b1ab7
Minor changes in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36150
diff
changeset
|
458 terminal, as far as Emacs knows. Setting this variable does not |
8597da1b1ab7
Minor changes in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36150
diff
changeset
|
459 change the speed of actual data transmission, but the value is used |
8597da1b1ab7
Minor changes in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36150
diff
changeset
|
460 for calculations. On terminals, it affects padding, and decisions |
8597da1b1ab7
Minor changes in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36150
diff
changeset
|
461 about whether to scroll part of the screen or redraw it instead. |
32624
cc6228b81571
(Display Vars): Fix description of the role of
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
31188
diff
changeset
|
462 |
36150
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
463 On window-systems, @code{baud-rate} is only used to determine how |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
464 frequently to look for pending input during display updating. A |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
465 higher value of @code{baud-rate} means that check for pending input |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
466 will be done less frequently. |
25829 | 467 |
468 You can customize the way any particular character code is displayed | |
469 by means of a display table. @xref{Display Tables,, Display Tables, | |
470 elisp, The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}. | |
36150
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
471 |
36260 | 472 @cindex hourglass pointer display |
473 @vindex hourglass-delay | |
36156
3a9de976b35c
Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36151
diff
changeset
|
474 On a window system, Emacs can optionally display the mouse pointer |
3a9de976b35c
Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36151
diff
changeset
|
475 in a special shape to say that Emacs is busy. To turn this feature on |
3a9de976b35c
Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36151
diff
changeset
|
476 or off, customize the group @code{cursor}. You can also control the |
3a9de976b35c
Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36151
diff
changeset
|
477 amount of time Emacs must remain busy before the busy indicator is |
36260 | 478 displayed, by setting the variable @code{hourglass-delay}. |
36156
3a9de976b35c
Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36151
diff
changeset
|
479 |
3a9de976b35c
Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36151
diff
changeset
|
480 @node Cursor Display |
3a9de976b35c
Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36151
diff
changeset
|
481 @section Displaying the Cursor |
3a9de976b35c
Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36151
diff
changeset
|
482 |
36150
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
483 @findex hl-line-mode |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
484 @findex blink-cursor-mode |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
485 @cindex cursor, locating visually |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
486 @cindex cursor, blinking |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
487 There are a number of ways to customize the display of the cursor. |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
488 @kbd{M-x hl-line-mode} enables or disables a global minor mode which |
36156
3a9de976b35c
Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36151
diff
changeset
|
489 highlights the line containing point. On window systems, the command |
36150
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
490 @kbd{M-x blink-cursor-mode} turns on or off the blinking of the |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
491 cursor. (On terminals, the terminal itself blinks the cursor, and |
36151
8597da1b1ab7
Minor changes in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36150
diff
changeset
|
492 Emacs has no control over it.) |
36150
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
493 |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
494 You can customize the cursor's color, and whether it blinks, using |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
495 the @code{cursor} Custom group (@pxref{Easy Customization}). |
36156
3a9de976b35c
Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36151
diff
changeset
|
496 |
3a9de976b35c
Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36151
diff
changeset
|
497 @vindex x-stretch-cursor |
3a9de976b35c
Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36151
diff
changeset
|
498 @cindex wide block cursor |
3a9de976b35c
Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36151
diff
changeset
|
499 When displaying on a window system, Emacs can optionally draw the |
3a9de976b35c
Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36151
diff
changeset
|
500 block cursor as wide as the character under the cursor---for example, |
3a9de976b35c
Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36151
diff
changeset
|
501 if the cursor is on a tab character, it would cover the full width |
3a9de976b35c
Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36151
diff
changeset
|
502 occupied by that tab character. To enable this feature, set the |
3a9de976b35c
Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36151
diff
changeset
|
503 variable @code{x-stretch-cursor} to a non-@code{nil} value. |
36181
d10f042c719f
Document cursor-in-non-selected-windows.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36157
diff
changeset
|
504 |
d10f042c719f
Document cursor-in-non-selected-windows.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36157
diff
changeset
|
505 @cindex cursor in non-selected windows |
36263
11db0318031d
Remove redundant index entries.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36260
diff
changeset
|
506 @vindex show-cursor-in-non-selected-windows |
36181
d10f042c719f
Document cursor-in-non-selected-windows.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36157
diff
changeset
|
507 @vindex cursor-in-non-selected-windows |
36263
11db0318031d
Remove redundant index entries.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36260
diff
changeset
|
508 Normally, the cursor in non-selected windows is shown as a hollow box. |
11db0318031d
Remove redundant index entries.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36260
diff
changeset
|
509 To turn off cursor display in non-selected windows, customize the option |
11db0318031d
Remove redundant index entries.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36260
diff
changeset
|
510 @code{show-cursor-in-non-selected-windows}, or set the variable |
11db0318031d
Remove redundant index entries.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36260
diff
changeset
|
511 @code{cursor-in-non-selected-windows} to @code{nil}. |