annotate man/faq.texi @ 72826:1dc889aea3bf

* macfns.c (mac_window) [MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED >= 1030]: Undo 2006-09-08 change.
author YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
date Tue, 12 Sep 2006 09:48:08 +0000
parents c971d2ca184d
children 81a55a7dc3c3 7f3f771c85fa
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
rev   line source
68950
85f92eabec4d Remove the coding cookie, it's not needed anymore.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 68842
diff changeset
1 \input texinfo @c -*- mode: texinfo; -*-
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2 @c %**start of header
27177
6b960a7c7ca7 Rename emacs-faq to efaq in @setfilename and in @direntry.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 27113
diff changeset
3 @setfilename ../info/efaq
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4 @settitle GNU Emacs FAQ
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5 @c %**end of header
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
6
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
7 @setchapternewpage odd
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
8
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
9 @c This is used in many places
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
10 @set VER 22.1
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
11
68657
e0aafc27ed28 (VM): VM now at version 7.19.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68639
diff changeset
12 @c This file is maintained by Romain Francoise <rfrancoise@gnu.org>.
e0aafc27ed28 (VM): VM now at version 7.19.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68639
diff changeset
13 @c Feel free to install changes without prior permission (but I'd
e0aafc27ed28 (VM): VM now at version 7.19.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68639
diff changeset
14 @c appreciate a notice if you do).
e0aafc27ed28 (VM): VM now at version 7.19.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68639
diff changeset
15
47737
0a70200bde27 use @copying instead of @ifinfo.
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents: 47614
diff changeset
16 @copying
69681
11b616eddda4 @copyright{}, no indentation in @copying{}
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents: 69133
diff changeset
17 Copyright @copyright{} 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 Free
11b616eddda4 @copyright{}, no indentation in @copying{}
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents: 69133
diff changeset
18 Software Foundation, Inc.@*
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
19 Copyright 1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000 Reuven M. Lerner@*
28127
ce57565effde Fix copyright lines.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27352
diff changeset
20 Copyright 1992,1993 Steven Byrnes@*
ce57565effde Fix copyright lines.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27352
diff changeset
21 Copyright 1990,1991,1992 Joseph Brian Wells@*
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
22
47737
0a70200bde27 use @copying instead of @ifinfo.
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents: 47614
diff changeset
23 @quotation
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
24 This list of frequently asked questions about GNU Emacs with answers
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
25 (``FAQ'') may be translated into other languages, transformed into other
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
26 formats (e.g. Texinfo, Info, WWW, WAIS), and updated with new information.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
27
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
28 The same conditions apply to any derivative of the FAQ as apply to the FAQ
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
29 itself. Every copy of the FAQ must include this notice or an approved
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
30 translation, information on who is currently maintaining the FAQ and how to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
31 contact them (including their e-mail address), and information on where the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
32 latest version of the FAQ is archived (including FTP information).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
33
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
34 The FAQ may be copied and redistributed under these conditions, except that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
35 the FAQ may not be embedded in a larger literary work unless that work
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
36 itself allows free copying and redistribution.
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
37
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
38 [This version has been heavily edited since it was included in the Emacs
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
39 distribution.]
47737
0a70200bde27 use @copying instead of @ifinfo.
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents: 47614
diff changeset
40 @end quotation
0a70200bde27 use @copying instead of @ifinfo.
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents: 47614
diff changeset
41 @end copying
0a70200bde27 use @copying instead of @ifinfo.
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents: 47614
diff changeset
42
0a70200bde27 use @copying instead of @ifinfo.
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents: 47614
diff changeset
43 @dircategory Emacs
0a70200bde27 use @copying instead of @ifinfo.
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents: 47614
diff changeset
44 @direntry
0a70200bde27 use @copying instead of @ifinfo.
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents: 47614
diff changeset
45 * Emacs FAQ: (efaq). Frequently Asked Questions about Emacs.
0a70200bde27 use @copying instead of @ifinfo.
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents: 47614
diff changeset
46 @end direntry
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
47
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
48 @c The @titlepage stuff only appears in the printed version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
49 @titlepage
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
50 @sp 10
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
51 @center @titlefont{GNU Emacs FAQ}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
52
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
53 @c The following two commands start the copyright page.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
54 @page
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
55 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll
47737
0a70200bde27 use @copying instead of @ifinfo.
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents: 47614
diff changeset
56 @insertcopying
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
57 @end titlepage
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
58
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
59 @node Top, FAQ notation, (dir), (dir)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
60
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
61 This is the GNU Emacs FAQ, last updated on @today{}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
62
68735
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
63 This FAQ is maintained as a part of GNU Emacs. If you find any errors,
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
64 or have any suggestions, please use @kbd{M-x report-emacs-bug} to report
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
65 them.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
66
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
67 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
68 * FAQ notation::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
69 * General questions::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
70 * Getting help::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
71 * Status of Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
72 * Common requests::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
73 * Bugs and problems::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
74 * Compiling and installing Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
75 * Finding Emacs and related packages::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
76 * Major packages and programs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
77 * Key bindings::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
78 * Alternate character sets::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
79 * Mail and news::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
80 * Concept index::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
81 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
82
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
83 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
84 @node FAQ notation, General questions, Top, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
85 @chapter FAQ notation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
86 @cindex FAQ notation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
87
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
88 This chapter describes notation used in the GNU Emacs FAQ, as well as in
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
89 the Emacs documentation. Consult this section if this is the first time
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
90 you are reading the FAQ, or if you are confused by notation or terms
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
91 used in the FAQ.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
92
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
93 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
94 * Basic keys::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
95 * Extended commands::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
96 * On-line manual::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
97 * File-name conventions::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
98 * Common acronyms::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
99 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
100
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
101 @node Basic keys, Extended commands, FAQ notation, FAQ notation
40705
421e0a91a1d1 Replace M-C- with C-M-
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40014
diff changeset
102 @section What do these mean: @kbd{C-h}, @kbd{C-M-a}, @key{RET}, @kbd{@key{ESC} a}, etc.?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
103 @cindex Basic keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
104 @cindex Control key, notation for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
105 @cindex @key{Meta} key, notation for
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
106 @cindex Control-Meta characters, notation for
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
107 @cindex @kbd{C-h}, definition of
40705
421e0a91a1d1 Replace M-C- with C-M-
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40014
diff changeset
108 @cindex @kbd{C-M-h}, definition of
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
109 @cindex @key{DEL}, definition of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
110 @cindex @key{ESC}, definition of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
111 @cindex @key{LFD}, definition of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
112 @cindex @key{RET}, definition of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
113 @cindex @key{SPC}, definition of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
114 @cindex @key{TAB}, definition of
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
115 @cindex Notation for keys
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
116
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
117 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
118
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
119 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
120 @kbd{C-x}: press the @key{x} key while holding down the @key{Control} key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
121
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
122 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
123 @kbd{M-x}: press the @key{x} key while holding down the @key{Meta} key
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
124 (if your computer doesn't have a @key{Meta} key, @pxref{No Meta key})
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
125
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
126 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
127 @kbd{M-C-x}: press the @key{x} key while holding down both @key{Control}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
128 and @key{Meta}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
129
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
130 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
131 @kbd{C-M-x}: a synonym for the above
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
132
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
133 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
134 @key{LFD}: Linefeed or Newline; same as @kbd{C-j}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
135
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
136 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
137 @key{RET}: @key{Return}, sometimes marked @key{Enter}; same as @kbd{C-m}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
138
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
139 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
140 @key{DEL}: @key{Delete}, usually @strong{not} the same as
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
141 @key{Backspace}; same as @kbd{C-?} (see @ref{Backspace invokes help}, if
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
142 deleting invokes Emacs help)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
143
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
144 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
145 @key{ESC}: Escape; same as @kbd{C-[}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
146
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
147 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
148 @key{TAB}: Tab; same as @kbd{C-i}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
149
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
150 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
151 @key{SPC}: Space bar
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
152
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
153 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
154
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
155 Key sequences longer than one key (and some single-key sequences) are
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
156 written inside quotes or on lines by themselves, like this:
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
157
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
158 @display
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
159 @kbd{M-x frobnicate-while-foo RET}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
160 @end display
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
161
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
162 @noindent
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
163 Any real spaces in such a key sequence should be ignored; only @key{SPC}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
164 really means press the space key.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
165
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
166 The @acronym{ASCII} code sent by @kbd{C-x} (except for @kbd{C-?}) is the value
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
167 that would be sent by pressing just @key{x} minus 96 (or 64 for
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
168 upper-case @key{X}) and will be from 0 to 31. On Unix and GNU/Linux
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
169 terminals, the @acronym{ASCII} code sent by @kbd{M-x} is the sum of 128 and the
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
170 @acronym{ASCII} code that would be sent by pressing just @key{x}. Essentially,
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
171 @key{Control} turns off bits 5 and 6 and @key{Meta} turns on bit
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
172 7@footnote{
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
173 DOS and Windows terminals don't set bit 7 when the @key{Meta} key is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
174 pressed.}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
175
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
176 @kbd{C-?} (aka @key{DEL}) is @acronym{ASCII} code 127. It is a misnomer to call
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
177 @kbd{C-?} a ``control'' key, since 127 has both bits 5 and 6 turned ON.
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
178 Also, on very few keyboards does @kbd{C-?} generate @acronym{ASCII} code 127.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
179
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
180 @inforef{Text Characters, Text Characters, emacs}, and @inforef{Keys,
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
181 Keys, emacs}, for more information. (@xref{On-line manual}, for more
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
182 information about Info.)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
183
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
184 @node Extended commands, On-line manual, Basic keys, FAQ notation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
185 @section What does @file{M-x @var{command}} mean?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
186 @cindex Extended commands
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
187 @cindex Commands, extended
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
188 @cindex M-x, meaning of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
189
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
190 @kbd{M-x @var{command}} means type @kbd{M-x}, then type the name of the
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
191 command, then type @key{RET}. (@xref{Basic keys}, if you're not sure
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
192 what @kbd{M-x} and @key{RET} mean.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
193
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
194 @kbd{M-x} (by default) invokes the command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
195 @code{execute-extended-command}. This command allows you to run any
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
196 Emacs command if you can remember the command's name. If you can't
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
197 remember the command's name, you can type @key{TAB} and @key{SPC} for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
198 completion, @key{?} for a list of possibilities, and @kbd{M-p} and
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
199 @kbd{M-n} (or up-arrow and down-arrow on terminals that have these
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
200 editing keys) to see previous commands entered. An Emacs @dfn{command}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
201 is an @dfn{interactive} Emacs function.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
202
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
203 @cindex @key{Do} key
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
204 Your system administrator may have bound other key sequences to invoke
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
205 @code{execute-extended-command}. A function key labeled @kbd{Do} is a
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
206 good candidate for this, on keyboards that have such a key.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
207
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
208 If you need to run non-interactive Emacs functions, see @ref{Evaluating
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
209 Emacs Lisp code}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
210
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
211 @node On-line manual, File-name conventions, Extended commands, FAQ notation
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
212 @section How do I read topic XXX in the on-line manual?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
213 @cindex On-line manual, reading topics in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
214 @cindex Reading topics in the on-line manual
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
215 @cindex Finding topics in the on-line manual
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
216 @cindex Info, finding topics in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
217
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
218 When we refer you to some @var{topic} in the on-line manual, you can
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
219 read this manual node inside Emacs (assuming nothing is broken) by
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
220 typing @kbd{C-h i m emacs @key{RET} m @var{topic} @key{RET}}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
221
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
222 This invokes Info, the GNU hypertext documentation browser. If you don't
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
223 already know how to use Info, type @key{?} from within Info.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
224
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
225 If we refer to @var{topic}:@var{subtopic}, type @kbd{C-h i m emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
226 @key{RET} m @var{topic} @key{RET} m @var{subtopic} @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
227
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
228 If these commands don't work as expected, your system administrator may
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
229 not have installed the Info files, or may have installed them
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
230 improperly. In this case you should complain.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
231
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
232 @xref{Getting a printed manual}, if you would like a paper copy of the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
233 Emacs manual.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
234
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
235 @node File-name conventions, Common acronyms, On-line manual, FAQ notation
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
236 @section What are @file{etc/SERVICE}, @file{src/config.h}, and @file{lisp/default.el}?
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
237 @cindex File-name conventions
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
238 @cindex Conventions for file names
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
239 @cindex Directories and files that come with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
240
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
241 These are files that come with Emacs. The Emacs distribution is divided
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
242 into subdirectories; the important ones are @file{etc}, @file{lisp}, and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
243 @file{src}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
244
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
245 If you use Emacs, but don't know where it is kept on your system, start
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
246 Emacs, then type @kbd{C-h v data-directory @key{RET}}. The directory
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
247 name displayed by this will be the full pathname of the installed
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
248 @file{etc} directory. (This full path is recorded in the Emacs variable
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
249 @code{data-directory}, and @kbd{C-h v} displays the value and the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
250 documentation of a variable.)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
251
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
252 The location of your Info directory (i.e., where on-line documentation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
253 is stored) is kept in the variable @code{Info-default-directory-list}. Use
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
254 @kbd{C-h v Info-default-directory-list @key{RET}} to see the value of
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
255 this variable, which will be a list of directory names. The last
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
256 directory in that list is probably where most Info files are stored. By
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
257 default, Info documentation is placed in @file{/usr/local/info}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
258
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
259 Some of these files are available individually via FTP or e-mail; see
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
260 @ref{Informational files for Emacs}. They all are available in the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
261 source distribution. Many of the files in the @file{etc} directory are
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
262 also available via the Emacs @samp{Help} menu, or by typing @kbd{C-h ?}
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
263 (@kbd{M-x help-for-help}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
264
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
265 Your system administrator may have removed the @file{src} directory and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
266 many files from the @file{etc} directory.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
267
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
268 @node Common acronyms, , File-name conventions, FAQ notation
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
269 @section What are FSF, LPF, OSF, GNU, RMS, FTP, and GPL?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
270 @cindex FSF, definition of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
271 @cindex LPF, definition of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
272 @cindex OSF, definition of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
273 @cindex GNU, definition of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
274 @cindex RMS, definition of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
275 @cindex Stallman, Richard, acronym for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
276 @cindex Richard Stallman, acronym for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
277 @cindex FTP, definition of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
278 @cindex GPL, definition of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
279 @cindex Acronyms, definitions for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
280 @cindex Common acronyms, definitions for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
281
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
282 @table @asis
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
283
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
284 @item FSF
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
285 Free Software Foundation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
286
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
287 @item LPF
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
288 League for Programming Freedom
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
289
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
290 @item OSF
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
291 Open Software Foundation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
292
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
293 @item GNU
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
294 GNU's Not Unix
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
295
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
296 @item RMS
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
297 Richard Matthew Stallman
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
298
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
299 @item FTP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
300 File Transfer Protocol
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
301
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
302 @item GPL
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
303 GNU General Public License
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
304
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
305 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
306
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
307 Avoid confusing the FSF, the LPF, and the OSF. The LPF opposes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
308 look-and-feel copyrights and software patents. The FSF aims to make
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
309 high quality free software available for everyone. The OSF is a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
310 consortium of computer vendors which develops commercial software for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
311 Unix systems.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
312
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
313 The word ``free'' in the title of the Free Software Foundation refers to
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
314 ``freedom,'' not ``zero cost.'' Anyone can charge any price for
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
315 GPL-covered software that they want to. However, in practice, the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
316 freedom enforced by the GPL leads to low prices, because you can always
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
317 get the software for less money from someone else, since everyone has
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
318 the right to resell or give away GPL-covered software.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
319
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
320 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
321 @node General questions, Getting help, FAQ notation, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
322 @chapter General questions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
323 @cindex General questions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
324
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
325 This chapter contains general questions having to do with Emacs, the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
326 Free Software Foundation, and related organizations.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
327
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
328 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
329 * The LPF::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
330 * Real meaning of copyleft::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
331 * Guidelines for newsgroup postings::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
332 * Newsgroup archives::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
333 * Reporting bugs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
334 * Unsubscribing from Emacs lists::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
335 * Contacting the FSF::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
336 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
337
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
338 @node The LPF, Real meaning of copyleft, General questions, General questions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
339 @section What is the LPF?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
340 @cindex LPF, description of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
341 @cindex League for Programming Freedom
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
342 @cindex Software patents, opposition to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
343 @cindex Patents for software, opposition to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
344
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
345 The LPF opposes the expanding danger of software patents and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
346 look-and-feel copyrights. To get more information, feel free to contact
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
347 the LPF via e-mail or otherwise. You may also contact
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
348 @email{jbw@@cs.bu.edu, Joe Wells}; he will be happy to talk to you
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
349 about the LPF.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
350
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
351 You can find more information about the LPF in the file @file{etc/LPF}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
352 More papers describing the LPF's views are available on the Internet and
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
353 also from @uref{http://lpf.ai.mit.edu/, the LPF home page}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
354
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
355 @node Real meaning of copyleft, Guidelines for newsgroup postings, The LPF, General questions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
356 @section What is the real legal meaning of the GNU copyleft?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
357 @cindex Copyleft, real meaning of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
358 @cindex GPL, real meaning of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
359 @cindex General Public License, real meaning of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
360 @cindex Discussion of the GPL
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
361
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
362 The real legal meaning of the GNU General Public License (copyleft) will
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
363 only be known if and when a judge rules on its validity and scope.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
364 There has never been a copyright infringement case involving the GPL to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
365 set any precedents. Please take any discussion regarding this issue to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
366 the newsgroup @uref{news:gnu.misc.discuss}, which was created to hold the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
367 extensive flame wars on the subject.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
368
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
369 RMS writes:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
370
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
371 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
372 The legal meaning of the GNU copyleft is less important than the spirit,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
373 which is that Emacs is a free software project and that work pertaining
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
374 to Emacs should also be free software. ``Free'' means that all users
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
375 have the freedom to study, share, change and improve Emacs. To make
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
376 sure everyone has this freedom, pass along source code when you
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
377 distribute any version of Emacs or a related program, and give the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
378 recipients the same freedom that you enjoyed.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
379 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
380
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
381 @node Guidelines for newsgroup postings, Newsgroup archives, Real meaning of copyleft, General questions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
382 @section What are appropriate messages for @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help}, @uref{news:gnu.emacs.bug}, @uref{news:comp.emacs}, etc.?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
383 @cindex Newsgroups, appropriate messages for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
384 @cindex GNU newsgroups, appropriate messages for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
385 @cindex Usenet groups, appropriate messages for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
386 @cindex Mailing lists, appropriate messages for
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
387 @cindex Posting messages to newsgroups
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
388
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
389 @cindex GNU mailing lists
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
390 The file @file{etc/MAILINGLISTS} describes the purpose of each GNU
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
391 mailing list. (@xref{Informational files for Emacs}, if you want a copy
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
392 of the file.) For those lists which are gatewayed with newsgroups, it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
393 lists both the newsgroup name and the mailing list address.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
394
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
395 The newsgroup @uref{news:comp.emacs} is for discussion of Emacs programs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
396 in general. This includes Emacs along with various other
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
397 implementations, such as XEmacs, JOVE, MicroEmacs, Freemacs, MG,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
398 Unipress, CCA, and Epsilon.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
399
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
400 Many people post Emacs questions to @uref{news:comp.emacs} because they
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
401 don't receive any of the @code{gnu.*} newsgroups. Arguments have been
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
402 made both for and against posting GNU-Emacs-specific material to
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
403 @uref{news:comp.emacs}. You have to decide for yourself.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
404
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
405 Messages advocating ``non-free'' software are considered unacceptable on
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
406 any of the @code{gnu.*} newsgroups except for @uref{news:gnu.misc.discuss},
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
407 which was created to hold the extensive flame-wars on the subject.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
408 ``Non-free'' software includes any software for which the end user can't
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
409 freely modify the source code and exchange enhancements. Be careful to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
410 remove the @code{gnu.*} groups from the @samp{Newsgroups:} line when
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
411 posting a followup that recommends such software.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
412
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
413 @uref{news:gnu.emacs.bug} is a place where bug reports appear, but avoid
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
414 posting bug reports to this newsgroup directly (@pxref{Reporting bugs}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
415
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
416 @node Newsgroup archives, Reporting bugs, Guidelines for newsgroup postings, General questions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
417 @section Where can I get old postings to @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help} and other GNU groups?
43966
998074d579cf Avoid a warning from makeinfo due to a colon in an index entry.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 43960
diff changeset
418 @cindex Archived postings from @code{gnu.emacs.help}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
419 @cindex Usenet archives for GNU groups
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
420 @cindex Old Usenet postings for GNU groups
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
421
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
422 The FSF has maintained archives of all of the GNU mailing lists for many
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
423 years, although there may be some unintentional gaps in coverage. The
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
424 archive is not particularly well organized or easy to retrieve
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
425 individual postings from, but pretty much everything is there.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
426
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
427 The archive is at @uref{ftp://lists.gnu.org/}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
428
59996
aac0a33f5772 Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59713
diff changeset
429 The archive can be browsed over the web at
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
430 @uref{http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/, the GNU mail archive}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
431
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
432 Web-based Usenet search services, such as
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
433 @uref{http://groups.google.com/groups/dir?sel=33592484, Google}, also
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
434 archive the @code{gnu.*} groups.
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
435
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
436 You can read the archives of the @code{gnu.*} groups and post new
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
437 messages at @uref{http://gmane.org/, Gmane}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
438
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
439 @node Reporting bugs, Unsubscribing from Emacs lists, Newsgroup archives, General questions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
440 @section Where should I report bugs and other problems with Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
441 @cindex Bug reporting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
442 @cindex Good bug reports
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
443 @cindex How to submit a bug report
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
444 @cindex Reporting bugs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
445
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
446 The correct way to report Emacs bugs is to use the command
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
447 @kbd{M-x report-emacs-bug}. It sets up a mail buffer with the
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
448 essential information and the correct e-mail address which is
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
449 @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} for the released versions of Emacs.
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
450 Anything sent to @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} also appears in the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
451 newsgroup @uref{news:gnu.emacs.bug}, but please use e-mail instead of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
452 news to submit the bug report. This ensures a reliable return address
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
453 so you can be contacted for further details.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
454
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
455 Be sure to read the ``Bugs'' section of the Emacs manual before reporting
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
456 a bug! The manual describes in detail how to submit a useful bug
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
457 report (@pxref{Bugs, , Reporting Bugs, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}).
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
458 (@xref{On-line manual}, if you don't know how to read the manual.)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
459
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
460 RMS says:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
461
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
462 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
463 Sending bug reports to @email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} (which has the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
464 effect of posting on @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help}) is undesirable because
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
465 it takes the time of an unnecessarily large group of people, most of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
466 whom are just users and have no idea how to fix these problem.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
467 @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} reaches a much smaller group of people
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
468 who are more likely to know what to do and have expressed a wish to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
469 receive more messages about Emacs than the others.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
470 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
471
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
472 RMS says it is sometimes fine to post to @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
473
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
474 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
475 If you have reported a bug and you don't hear about a possible fix,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
476 then after a suitable delay (such as a week) it is okay to post on
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
477 @code{gnu.emacs.help} asking if anyone can help you.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
478 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
479
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
480 If you are unsure whether you have found a bug, consider the following
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
481 non-exhaustive list, courtesy of RMS:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
482
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
483 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
484 If Emacs crashes, that is a bug. If Emacs gets compilation errors
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
485 while building, that is a bug. If Emacs crashes while building, that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
486 is a bug. If Lisp code does not do what the documentation says it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
487 does, that is a bug.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
488 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
489
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
490 @node Unsubscribing from Emacs lists, Contacting the FSF, Reporting bugs, General questions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
491 @section How do I unsubscribe from this mailing list?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
492 @cindex Unsubscribing from GNU mailing lists
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
493 @cindex Removing yourself from GNU mailing lists
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
494
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
495 If you are receiving a GNU mailing list named @var{list}, you might be
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
496 able to unsubscribe from it by sending a request to the address
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
497 @email{@var{list}-request@@gnu.org}. However, this will not work if you are
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
498 not listed on the main mailing list, but instead receive the mail from a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
499 distribution point. In that case, you will have to track down at which
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
500 distribution point you are listed. Inspecting the @samp{Received} headers
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
501 on the mail messages may help, along with liberal use of the @samp{EXPN} or
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
502 @samp{VRFY} sendmail commands through @samp{telnet @var{site-address}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
503 smtp}. Ask your postmaster for help, if you cannot figure out these
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
504 details.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
505
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
506 @node Contacting the FSF, , Unsubscribing from Emacs lists, General questions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
507 @section What is the current address of the FSF?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
508 @cindex Snail mail address of the FSF
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
509 @cindex Postal address of the FSF
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
510 @cindex Contracting the FSF
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
511 @cindex Free Software Foundation, contacting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
512
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
513 @table @asis
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
514
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
515 @item E-mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
516 gnu@@gnu.org
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
517
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
518 @item Telephone
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
519 +1-617-542-5942
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
520
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
521 @item Fax
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
522 +1-617-542-2652
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
523
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
524 @item World Wide Web
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
525 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
526
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
527 @item Postal address
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
528 Free Software Foundation@*
64083
23a17af379b1 Update FSF's address.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61816
diff changeset
529 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor@*
23a17af379b1 Update FSF's address.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61816
diff changeset
530 Boston, MA 02110-1301@*
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
531 USA@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
532
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
533 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
534
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
535 @cindex Ordering GNU software
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
536 For details on how to order items directly from the FSF, see the
51449
352a8000c437 Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 50954
diff changeset
537 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html, GNU Web site}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
538
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
539 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
540 @node Getting help, Status of Emacs, General questions, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
541 @chapter Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
542 @cindex Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
543
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
544 This chapter tells you how to get help with Emacs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
545
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
546 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
547 * Basic editing::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
548 * Learning how to do something::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
549 * Getting a printed manual::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
550 * Emacs Lisp documentation::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
551 * Installing Texinfo documentation::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
552 * Printing a Texinfo file::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
553 * Viewing Info files outside of Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
554 * Informational files for Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
555 * Help installing Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
556 * Obtaining the FAQ::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
557 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
558
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
559 @node Basic editing, Learning how to do something, Getting help, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
560 @section I'm just starting Emacs; how do I do basic editing?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
561 @cindex Basic editing with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
562 @cindex Beginning editing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
563 @cindex Tutorial, invoking the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
564 @cindex Self-paced tutorial, invoking the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
565 @cindex Help system, entering the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
566
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
567 Type @kbd{C-h t} to invoke the self-paced tutorial. Just typing
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
568 @kbd{C-h} enters the help system. Starting with Emacs 22, the tutorial
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
569 is available in many foreign languages such as French, German, Japanese,
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
570 Russian, etc. Use @kbd{M-x help-with-tutorial-spec-language @key{RET}}
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
571 to choose your language and start the tutorial.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
572
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
573 Your system administrator may have changed @kbd{C-h} to act like
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
574 @key{DEL} to deal with local keyboards. You can use @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
575 help-for-help} instead to invoke help. To discover what key (if any)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
576 invokes help on your system, type @kbd{M-x where-is @key{RET}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
577 help-for-help @key{RET}}. This will print a comma-separated list of key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
578 sequences in the echo area. Ignore the last character in each key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
579 sequence listed. Each of the resulting key sequences invokes help.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
580
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
581 Emacs help works best if it is invoked by a single key whose value
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
582 should be stored in the variable @code{help-char}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
583
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
584 @node Learning how to do something, Getting a printed manual, Basic editing, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
585 @section How do I find out how to do something in Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
586 @cindex Help for Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
587 @cindex Learning to do something in Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
588 @cindex Reference card for Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
589 @cindex Overview of help systems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
590
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
591 There are several methods for finding out how to do things in Emacs.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
592
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
593 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
594
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
595 @cindex Reading the Emacs manual
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
596 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
597 The complete text of the Emacs manual is available on-line via the Info
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
598 hypertext reader. Type @kbd{C-h r} to display the manual in Info mode.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
599 Typing @key{h} immediately after entering Info will provide a short
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
600 tutorial on how to use it.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
601
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
602 @cindex Lookup a subject in a manual
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
603 @cindex Index search in a manual
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
604 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
605 To quickly locate the section of the manual which discusses a certain
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
606 issue, or describes a command or a variable, type @kbd{C-h i m emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
607 @key{RET} i @var{topic} @key{RET}}, where @var{topic} is the name of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
608 topic, the command, or the variable which you are looking for. If this
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
609 does not land you on the right place in the manual, press @kbd{,}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
610 (comma) repeatedly until you find what you need. (The @kbd{i} and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
611 @kbd{,} keys invoke the index-searching functions, which look for the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
612 @var{topic} you type in all the indices of the Emacs manual.)
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
613
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
614 @cindex Apropos
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
615 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
616 You can list all of the commands whose names contain a certain word
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
617 (actually which match a regular expression) using @kbd{C-h a} (@kbd{M-x
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
618 command-apropos}).
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
619
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
620 @cindex Command description in the manual
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
621 @item
54478
c0b7b601058f Fix help key bindings.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 52979
diff changeset
622 The command @kbd{C-h F} (@code{Info-goto-emacs-command-node}) prompts
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
623 for the name of a command, and then attempts to find the section in the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
624 Emacs manual where that command is described.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
625
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
626 @cindex Finding commands and variables
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
627 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
628 You can list all of the functions and variables whose names contain a
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
629 certain word using @kbd{M-x apropos}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
630
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
631 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
632 You can list all of the functions and variables whose documentation
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
633 matches a regular expression or a string, using @kbd{M-x
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
634 apropos-documentation}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
635
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
636 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
637 You can order a hardcopy of the manual from the FSF. @xref{Getting a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
638 printed manual}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
639
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
640 @cindex Reference cards, in other languages
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
641 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
642 You can get a printed reference card listing commands and keys to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
643 invoke them. You can order one from the FSF for $1 (or 10 for $5),
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
644 or you can print your own from the @file{etc/refcard.tex} or
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
645 @file{etc/refcard.ps} files in the Emacs distribution. Beginning with
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
646 version 21.1, the Emacs distribution comes with translations of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
647 reference card into several languages; look for files named
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
648 @file{etc/@var{lang}-refcard.*}, where @var{lang} is a two-letter code
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
649 of the language. For example, the German version of the reference card
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
650 is in the files @file{etc/de-refcard.tex} and @file{etc/de-refcard.ps}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
651
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
652 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
653 There are many other commands in Emacs for getting help and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
654 information. To get a list of these commands, type @samp{?} after
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
655 @kbd{C-h}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
656
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
657 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
658
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
659 @node Getting a printed manual, Emacs Lisp documentation, Learning how to do something, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
660 @section How do I get a printed copy of the Emacs manual?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
661 @cindex Printed Emacs manual, obtaining
40014
79d5f2aed303 (Getting a printed manual): Add an index entry for HTML version
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39551
diff changeset
662 @cindex Manual, obtaining a printed or HTML copy of
79d5f2aed303 (Getting a printed manual): Add an index entry for HTML version
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39551
diff changeset
663 @cindex Emacs manual, obtaining a printed or HTML copy of
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
664
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
665 You can order a printed copy of the Emacs manual from the FSF. For
51449
352a8000c437 Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 50954
diff changeset
666 details see the @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html, GNU Web site}.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
667
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
668 @c The number 620 below is version-dependent!
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
669 The full Texinfo source for the manual also comes in the @file{man}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
670 directory of the Emacs distribution, if you're daring enough to try to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
671 print out this 620-page manual yourself (@pxref{Printing a Texinfo
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
672 file}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
673
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
674 If you absolutely have to print your own copy, and you don't have @TeX{},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
675 you can get a PostScript version from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
676
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
677 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/emacs.ps.gz}
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
678
40014
79d5f2aed303 (Getting a printed manual): Add an index entry for HTML version
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39551
diff changeset
679 @cindex HTML version of Emacs manual, obtaining
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
680 An HTML version of the manual is at
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
681
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
682 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/emacs.html}
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
683
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
684 The manual is available in other formats at
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
685
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
686 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/}
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
687
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
688 @xref{Learning how to do something}, for how to view the manual on-line.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
689
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
690 @node Emacs Lisp documentation, Installing Texinfo documentation, Getting a printed manual, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
691 @section Where can I get documentation on Emacs Lisp?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
692 @cindex Documentation on Emacs Lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
693 @cindex Function documentation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
694 @cindex Variable documentation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
695 @cindex Emacs Lisp Reference Manual
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
696 @cindex Reference manual for Emacs Lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
697
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
698 Within Emacs, you can type @kbd{C-h f} to get the documentation for a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
699 function, @kbd{C-h v} for a variable.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
700
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
701 For more information, the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual is available
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
702 on-line, in Info format. @xref{Top, Emacs Lisp,, elisp, The
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
703 Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
704
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
705 You can also order a hardcopy of the manual, details on ordering it from
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
706 FSF are on the @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html, GNU Web site}.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
707
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
708 An HTML version of the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual is available at
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
709
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
710 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/elisp-manual/elisp.html}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
711
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
712 @node Installing Texinfo documentation, Printing a Texinfo file, Emacs Lisp documentation, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
713 @section How do I install a piece of Texinfo documentation?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
714 @cindex Texinfo documentation, installing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
715 @cindex Installing Texinfo documentation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
716 @cindex New Texinfo files, installing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
717 @cindex Documentation, installing new Texinfo files
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
718 @cindex Info files, how to install
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
719
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
720 First, you must turn the Texinfo files into Info files. You may do this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
721 using the stand-alone @file{makeinfo} program, available as part of the latest
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
722 Texinfo package at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
723
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
724 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/texinfo/texinfo-4.8.tar.gz}
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
725
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
726 and all mirrors of @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (for a list, @pxref{Current GNU
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
727 distributions}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
728
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
729 For information about the Texinfo format, read the Texinfo manual which
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
730 comes with the Texinfo package. This manual also comes installed in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
731 Info format, so you can read it on-line; type @kbd{C-h i m texinfo
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
732 @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
733
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
734 Alternatively, you could use the Emacs command @kbd{M-x
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
735 texinfo-format-buffer}, after visiting the Texinfo source file of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
736 manual you want to convert.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
737
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
738 Neither @code{texinfo-format-buffer} nor @file{makeinfo} installs the
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
739 resulting Info files in Emacs's Info tree. To install Info files,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
740 perform these steps:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
741
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
742 @enumerate
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
743 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
744 Move the files to the @file{info} directory in the installed Emacs
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
745 distribution. @xref{File-name conventions}, if you don't know where that
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
746 is.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
747
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
748 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
749 Run the @code{install-info} command, which is part of the Texinfo
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
750 distribution, to update the main Info directory menu, like this:
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
751
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
752 @example
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
753 install-info --info-dir=@var{dir-path} @var{dir-path}/@var{file}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
754 @end example
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
755
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
756 @noindent
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
757 where @var{dir-path} is the full path to the directory where you copied
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
758 the produced Info file(s), and @var{file} is the name of the Info file
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
759 you produced and want to install.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
760
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
761 If you don't have the @code{install-info} command installed, you can
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
762 edit the file @file{info/dir} in the installed Emacs distribution, and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
763 add a line for the top level node in the Info package that you are
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
764 installing. Follow the examples already in this file. The format is:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
765
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
766 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
767 * Topic: (relative-pathname). Short description of topic.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
768 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
769
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
770 @end enumerate
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
771
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
772 If you want to install Info files and you don't have the necessary
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
773 privileges, you have several options:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
774
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
775 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
776 @item
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
777 Info files don't actually need to be installed before being used.
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
778 You can use a prefix argument for the @code{info} command and specify
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
779 the name of the Info file in the minibuffer. This goes to the node
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
780 named @samp{Top} in that file. For example, to view a Info file named
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
781 @file{@var{info-file}} in your home directory, you can type this:
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
782
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
783 @example
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
784 @kbd{C-u C-h i ~/@var{info-file} @key{RET}}
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
785 @end example
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
786
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
787 Alternatively, you can feed a file name to the @code{Info-goto-node}
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
788 command (invoked by pressing @key{g} in Info mode) by typing the name
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
789 of the file in parentheses, like this:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
790
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
791 @example
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
792 @kbd{C-h i g (~/@var{info-file}) @key{RET}}
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
793 @end example
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
794
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
795 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
796 You can create your own Info directory. You can tell Emacs where that
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
797 Info directory is by adding its pathname to the value of the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
798 @code{Info-default-directory-list}. For example, to use a private Info
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
799 directory which is a subdirectory of your home directory named @file{Info},
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
800 you could put this in your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
801
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
802 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
803 (setq Info-default-directory-list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
804 (cons "~/Info" Info-default-directory-list))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
805 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
806
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
807 You will need a top-level Info file named @file{dir} in this directory
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
808 which has everything the system @file{dir} file has in it, except it should
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
809 list only entries for Info files in that directory. You might not need
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
810 it if all files in this directory were referenced by other @file{dir}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
811 files. The node lists from all @file{dir} files in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
812 @code{Info-default-directory-list} are merged by the Info system.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
813
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
814 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
815
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
816 @node Printing a Texinfo file, Viewing Info files outside of Emacs, Installing Texinfo documentation, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
817 @section How do I print a Texinfo file?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
818 @cindex Printing a Texinfo file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
819 @cindex Texinfo file, printing
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
820 @cindex Printing documentation
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
821
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
822 You can't get nicely printed output from Info files; you must still have
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
823 the original Texinfo source file for the manual you want to print.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
824
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
825 Assuming you have @TeX{} installed on your system, follow these steps:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
826
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
827 @enumerate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
828
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
829 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
830 Make sure the first line of the Texinfo file looks like this:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
831
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
832 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
833 \input texinfo
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
834 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
835
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
836 You may need to change @samp{texinfo} to the full pathname of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
837 @file{texinfo.tex} file, which comes with Emacs as
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
838 @file{man/texinfo.tex} (or copy or link it into the current directory).
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
839
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
840 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
841 Type @kbd{texi2dvi @var{texinfo-source}}, where @var{texinfo-source} is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
842 the name of the Texinfo source file for which you want to produce a
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
843 printed copy.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
844
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
845 The @samp{texi2dvi} script is part of the GNU Texinfo distribution
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
846 (@pxref{Installing Texinfo documentation}).
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
847
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
848 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
849 Print the DVI file @file{@var{texinfo-source}.dvi} in the normal way for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
850 printing DVI files at your site. For example, if you have a PostScript
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
851 printer, run the @code{dvips} program to print the DVI file on that
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
852 printer.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
853
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
854 @end enumerate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
855
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
856 To get more general instructions, retrieve the latest Texinfo package
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
857 (@pxref{Installing Texinfo documentation}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
858
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
859 @node Viewing Info files outside of Emacs, Informational files for Emacs, Printing a Texinfo file, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
860 @section Can I view Info files without using Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
861 @cindex Viewing Info files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
862 @cindex Info file viewers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
863 @cindex Alternative Info file viewers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
864
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
865 Yes. Here are some alternative programs:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
866
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
867 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
868
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
869 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
870 @code{info}, a stand-alone version of the Info program, comes as part of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
871 the Texinfo package. @xref{Installing Texinfo documentation}, for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
872 details.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
873
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
874 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
875 Xinfo, a stand-alone version of the Info program that runs under X
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
876 Window system. You can get it at
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
877 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/xinfo/xinfo-1.01.01.tar.gz} and all
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
878 mirrors of @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (see @ref{Current GNU distributions}, for a
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
879 list of mirrors).
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
880
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
881 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
882 Tkinfo, an Info viewer that runs under X Window system and uses Tcl/Tk.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
883 You can get Tkinfo at
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
884 @uref{http://math-www.uni-paderborn.de/~axel/tkinfo/}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
885
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
886 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
887
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
888 @node Informational files for Emacs, Help installing Emacs, Viewing Info files outside of Emacs, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
889 @section What informational files are available for Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
890 @cindex Informational files included with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
891 @cindex Files included with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
892 @cindex @file{COPYING}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
893 @cindex @file{DISTRIB}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
894 @cindex @file{FTP}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
895 @cindex @file{GNU}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
896 @cindex @file{INTERVIEW}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
897 @cindex @file{LPF}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
898 @cindex @file{MACHINES}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
899 @cindex @file{MAILINGLISTS}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
900 @cindex @file{NEWS}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
901 @cindex @file{SERVICE}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
902 @cindex @file{SUN-SUPPORT}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
903
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
904 This isn't a frequently asked question, but it should be! A variety of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
905 informational files about Emacs and relevant aspects of the GNU project
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
906 are available for you to read.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
907
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
908 The following files are available in the @file{etc} directory of the
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
909 Emacs distribution (see @ref{File-name conventions}, if you're not sure
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
910 where that is).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
911
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
912 @table @file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
913
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
914 @item COPYING
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
915 GNU General Public License
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
916
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
917 @item DISTRIB
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
918 Emacs Availability Information, including the popular Free Software
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
919 Foundation Order Form
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
920
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
921 @item FTP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
922 How to get GNU Software by Internet FTP or by UUCP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
923
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
924 @item GNU
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
925 The GNU Manifesto
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
926
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
927 @item INTERVIEW
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
928 Richard Stallman discusses his public-domain UNIX-compatible software
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
929 system with BYTE editors
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
930
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
931 @item LPF
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
932 Why you should join the League for Programming Freedom
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
933
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
934 @item MACHINES
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
935 Status of Emacs on Various Machines and Systems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
936
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
937 @item MAILINGLISTS
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
938 GNU Project Electronic Mailing Lists
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
939
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
940 @item NEWS
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
941 Emacs news, a history of recent user-visible changes
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
942
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
943 @item SERVICE
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
944 GNU Service Directory
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
945
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
946 @item SUN-SUPPORT
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
947 including ``Using Emacstool with GNU Emacs''
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
948
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
949 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
950
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
951 More GNU information, including back issues of the @cite{GNU's
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
952 Bulletin}, are at
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
953
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
954 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/bulletins/bulletins.html} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
955
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
956 @uref{http://www.cs.pdx.edu/~trent/gnu/gnu.html}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
957
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
958 @node Help installing Emacs, Obtaining the FAQ, Informational files for Emacs, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
959 @section Where can I get help in installing Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
960 @cindex Installation help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
961 @cindex Help installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
962
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
963 @xref{Installing Emacs}, for some basic installation hints, and see
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
964 @ref{Problems building Emacs}, or @ref{Linking with -lX11 fails}, if you
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
965 have problems with the installation.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
966
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
967 The file @file{etc/SERVICE} (see @ref{File-name conventions}, if you're
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
968 not sure where that is) lists companies and individuals willing to sell
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
969 you help in installing or using Emacs. An up-to-date version this file
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
970 is available on @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (@pxref{Informational files for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
971 Emacs}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
972
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
973 @node Obtaining the FAQ, , Help installing Emacs, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
974 @section Where can I get the latest version of this FAQ?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
975 @cindex FAQ, obtaining the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
976 @cindex Latest FAQ version, obtaining the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
977 @cindex Retrieving the latest FAQ version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
978 @cindex E-mail, retrieving the FAQ via
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
979 @cindex Web, reading the FAQ on the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
980
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
981 The Emacs FAQ is available in several ways:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
982
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
983 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
984
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
985 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
986 Inside of Emacs itself. You can get it from selecting the @samp{Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
987 FAQ} option from the @samp{Help} menu of the Emacs menu bar at the top
54478
c0b7b601058f Fix help key bindings.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 52979
diff changeset
988 of any Emacs frame, or by typing @kbd{C-h C-f} (@kbd{M-x view-emacs-FAQ}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
989
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
990 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
991 Via USENET. If you can read news, the FAQ should be available in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
992 news spool, in both the @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
993 @uref{news:comp.emacs} newsgroups. Every news reader should allow you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
994 to read any news article that is still in the news spool, even if you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
995 have read the article before. You may need to read the instructions for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
996 your news reader to discover how to do this. In @file{rn}, this command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
997 will do this for you at the article selection level:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
998
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
999 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1000 ?GNU Emacs Frequently Asked Questions?rc:m
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1001 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1002
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1003 In Gnus, you should type @kbd{C-u C-x C-s} from the @file{*Summary*}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1004 buffer or @kbd{C-u @key{SPC}} from the @file{*Newsgroup*} buffer to view
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1005 all articles in a newsgroup.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1006
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1007 If the FAQ articles have expired and have been deleted from your news
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1008 spool, it might (or might not) do some good to complain to your news
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1009 administrator, because the most recent FAQ should not expire for a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1010 while.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1011
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1012 @item
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1013 In the Emacs distribution. Since Emacs 18.56, the FAQ at the time
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1014 of release has been part of the Emacs distribution as either
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1015 @file{etc/FAQ} or @file{man/faq.texi} (@pxref{File-name conventions}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1016
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1017 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1018 Via anonymous ftp and e-mail from @file{rtfm.mit.edu} (and its mirror in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1019 Europe), the main repository for FAQs and other items posted to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1020 news.answers. The Emacs FAQs are available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1021
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1022 @uref{ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.emacs/} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1023
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1024 @uref{ftp://ftp.uni-paderborn.de/pub/doc/FAQ/comp/emacs/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1025
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1026 If you do not have access to anonymous FTP, you can access the archives
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1027 using the @file{rtfm.mit.edu} mail server. The Emacs FAQ can be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1028 retrieved by sending mail to @email{mail-server@@rtfm.mit.edu} with a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1029 blank subject and containing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1030
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1031 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1032 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/diffs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1033 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part1
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1034 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part2
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1035 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part3
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1036 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part4
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1037 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part5
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1038 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1039
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1040 For more information, send email to @email{mail-server@@rtfm.mit.edu}
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
1041 with @samp{help} and @samp{index} in the body on separate lines.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1042 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1043
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1044 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1045 @node Status of Emacs, Common requests, Getting help, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1046 @chapter Status of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1047 @cindex Status of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1048
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1049 This chapter gives you basic information about Emacs, including its
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1050 latest version status.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1051
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1052 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1053 * Origin of the term Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1054 * Latest version of Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1055 * New in Emacs 20::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1056 * New in Emacs 21::
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1057 * New in Emacs 22::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1058 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1059
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1060 @node Origin of the term Emacs, Latest version of Emacs, Status of Emacs, Status of Emacs
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1061 @section Where does the name ``Emacs'' come from?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1062 @cindex Origin of the term ``Emacs''
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1063 @cindex Emacs name origin
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1064 @cindex TECO
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1065 @cindex Original version of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1066
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1067 Emacs originally was an acronym for Editor MACroS. RMS says he ``picked
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1068 the name Emacs because @key{E} was not in use as an abbreviation on ITS at
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1069 the time.'' The first Emacs was a set of macros written in 1976 at MIT
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1070 by RMS for the editor TECO (Text Editor and COrrector, originally Tape
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1071 Editor and COrrector) under ITS on a PDP-10. RMS had already extended
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1072 TECO with a ``real-time'' full-screen mode with reprogrammable keys.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1073 Emacs was started by @email{gls@@east.sun.com, Guy Steele} as a project
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1074 to unify the many divergent TECO command sets and key bindings at MIT,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1075 and completed by RMS.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1076
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1077 Many people have said that TECO code looks a lot like line noise; you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1078 can read more at @uref{news:alt.lang.teco}. Someone has written a TECO
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1079 implementation in Emacs Lisp (to find it, see @ref{Packages that do not
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1080 come with Emacs}); it would be an interesting project to run the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1081 original TECO Emacs inside of Emacs.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1082
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1083 @cindex Why Emacs?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1084 For some not-so-serious alternative reasons for Emacs to have that
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1085 name, check out the file @file{etc/JOKES} (@pxref{File-name
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1086 conventions}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1087
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1088 @node Latest version of Emacs, New in Emacs 20, Origin of the term Emacs, Status of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1089 @section What is the latest version of Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1090 @cindex Version, latest
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1091 @cindex Latest version of Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1092
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1093 Emacs @value{VER} is the current version as of this writing.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1094
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
1095 @node New in Emacs 20, New in Emacs 21, Latest version of Emacs, Status of Emacs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1096 @section What is different about Emacs 20?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1097 @cindex Differences between Emacs 19 and Emacs 20
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1098 @cindex Emacs 20, new features in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1099
54478
c0b7b601058f Fix help key bindings.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 52979
diff changeset
1100 To find out what has changed in recent versions, type @kbd{C-h C-n}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1101 (@kbd{M-x view-emacs-news}). The oldest changes are at the bottom of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1102 the file, so you might want to read it starting there, rather than at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1103 the top.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1104
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1105 The differences between Emacs versions 18 and 19 was rather dramatic;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1106 the introduction of frames, faces, and colors on windowing systems was
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1107 obvious to even the most casual user.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1108
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1109 There are differences between Emacs versions 19 and 20 as well, but many
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1110 are more subtle or harder to find. Among the changes are the inclusion
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1111 of MULE code for languages that use non-Latin characters and for mixing
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1112 several languages in the same document; the ``Customize'' facility for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1113 modifying variables without having to use Lisp; and automatic conversion
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1114 of files from Macintosh, Microsoft, and Unix platforms.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1115
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1116 A number of older Lisp packages, such as Gnus, Supercite and the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1117 calendar/diary, have been updated and enhanced to work with Emacs 20,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1118 and are now included with the standard distribution.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1119
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1120
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1121 @node New in Emacs 21, New in Emacs 22, New in Emacs 20, Status of Emacs
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1122 @section What is different about Emacs 21?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1123 @cindex Differences between Emacs 20 and Emacs 21
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1124 @cindex Emacs 21, new features in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1125 @cindex Recently introduced features
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1126
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1127 @cindex Variable-size fonts
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1128 @cindex Toolbar support
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1129 Emacs 21 features a thorough rewrite of the display engine. The new
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1130 display engine supports variable-size fonts, images, and can play sounds
46918
82d113655734 Minor spelling and grammar corrections.
Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>
parents: 46655
diff changeset
1131 on platforms which support that. As a result, the visual appearance of
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1132 Emacs, when it runs on a windowed display, is much more reminiscent of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1133 modern GUI programs, and includes 3D widgets (used for the mode line and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1134 the scroll bars), a configurable and extensible toolbar, tooltips
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1135 (a.k.a.@: balloon help), and other niceties.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1136
36842
654b53bab583 Change "character terminal" to "text-only terminal".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36515
diff changeset
1137 @cindex Colors on text-only terminals
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1138 @cindex TTY colors
36842
654b53bab583 Change "character terminal" to "text-only terminal".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36515
diff changeset
1139 In addition, Emacs 21 supports faces on text-only terminals. This means
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1140 that you can now have colors when you run Emacs on a GNU/Linux console
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1141 and on @code{xterm} with @kbd{emacs -nw}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1142
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
1143 @node New in Emacs 22, , New in Emacs 21, Status of Emacs
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1144 @section What is different about Emacs 22?
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1145 @cindex Differences between Emacs 21 and Emacs 22
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1146 @cindex Emacs 22, new features in
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1147 @cindex Recently introduced features
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1148
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1149 @cindex Default features
72285
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1150 Font Lock mode, auto-compression mode, and file name shadow mode are now
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1151 enabled by default. On graphics displays it is now possible to follow
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1152 links with @kbd{mouse-1}, and the modeline of the selected window is now
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1153 highlighted. Window fringes are now customizable. The minibuffer
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1154 prompt is now displayed in a distinct face.
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1155
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1156 Emacs now reads abbrev definitions automatically at startup. The
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1157 maximum size of buffers has been doubled and is now 256M on 32-bit
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1158 machines. Grep mode is now separate from Compilation mode and has many
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1159 new specific options and commands.
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1160
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1161 The original Emacs macro system has been replaced by the new Kmacro
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1162 package, which provides many new commands and features and a simple
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1163 interface that uses the function keys F3 and F4. Macros are now stored
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1164 in a macro ring, and can be debugged and edited interactively.
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1165
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1166 The GUD (Grand Unified Debugger) package can now be used with a full
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1167 graphical user interface to the debugger which provides many features
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1168 found in traditional development environments, making it easy to
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1169 manipulate breakpoints, add watch points, display the call stack, etc.
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1170 Breakpoints are now displayed in the source buffer.
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1171
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1172 @cindex GTK+ Toolkit
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1173 @cindex Drag-and-drop
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1174 @cindex Mouse wheel
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1175 Emacs can now be built with GTK+ widgets, and supports drag-and-drop
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1176 operation on X. Mouse wheel support is now enabled by default.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1177
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1178 @cindex New modes
72285
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1179 Many new modes and packages have been included in Emacs, such as Calc,
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1180 Tramp and URL, as well as IDO, CUA, rcirc, ERC, conf-mode, python-mode,
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1181 table, tumme, SES, ruler, Flymake, Org, PGG, wdired, t-mouse, longlines,
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1182 dns-mode, savehist, Password, Printing, Reveal, etc.
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1183
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1184 @cindex Multilingual Environment
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1185 Leim is now part of Emacs. Unicode support has been much improved, and
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1186 the following input methods have been added: belarusian, bulgarian-bds,
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1187 bulgarian-phonetic, chinese-sisheng, croatian, dutch, georgian,
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1188 latin-alt-postfix, latin-postfix, latin-prefix, latvian-keyboard,
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1189 lithuanian-numeric, lithuanian-keyboard, malayalam-inscript, rfc1345,
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1190 russian-computer, sgml, slovenian, tamil-inscript ucs,
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1191 ukrainian-computer, vietnamese-telex, and welsh.
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1192
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1193 The following language environment have also been added: Belarusian,
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1194 Bulgarian, Chinese-EUC-TW, Croatian, French, Georgian, Italian, Latin-6,
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1195 Latin-7, Latvian, Lithuanian, Malayalam, Russian, Russian, Slovenian,
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1196 Swedish, Tajik, Tamil, UTF-8, Ukrainian, Ukrainian, Welsh, and
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1197 Windows-1255.
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1198
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1199 @cindex Supported systems
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1200 Emacs 22 features support for GNU/Linux systems on S390 and x86-64
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1201 machines, as well as support for the Mac OS X and Cygwin operating
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1202 systems.
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1203
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1204 @cindex Documentation
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1205 @cindex Emacs Lisp Manual
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1206 In addition, Emacs 22 now includes the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1207 (@pxref{Emacs Lisp documentation}) and the Emacs Lisp Intro.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1208
72285
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1209 Many other changes have been made in Emacs 22, use @kbd{C-h n} to get a
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1210 full list.
01c53aa90ed3 (New in Emacs 22): Expand.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
1211
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1212 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1213 @node Common requests, Bugs and problems, Status of Emacs, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1214 @chapter Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1215 @cindex Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1216
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1217 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1218 * Setting up a customization file::
67892
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1219 * Using Customize::
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
1220 * Colors on a TTY::
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1221 * Debugging a customization file::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1222 * Displaying the current line or column::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1223 * Displaying the current file name in the titlebar::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1224 * Turning on abbrevs by default::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1225 * Associating modes with files::
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1226 * Highlighting a region::
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1227 * Replacing highlighted text::
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1228 * Controlling case sensitivity::
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1229 * Working with unprintable characters::
68735
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1230 * Searching for/replacing newlines::
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1231 * Yanking text in isearch::
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
1232 * Wrapping words automatically::
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1233 * Turning on auto-fill by default::
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1234 * Spell-checkers::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1235 * Checking TeX and *roff documents::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1236 * Changing load-path::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1237 * Using an already running Emacs process::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1238 * Compiler error messages::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1239 * Indenting switch statements::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1240 * Customizing C and C++ indentation::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1241 * Horizontal scrolling::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1242 * Overwrite mode::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1243 * Turning off beeping::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1244 * Turning the volume down::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1245 * Automatic indentation::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1246 * Matching parentheses::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1247 * Hiding #ifdef lines::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1248 * Repeating commands::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1249 * Valid X resources::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1250 * Evaluating Emacs Lisp code::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1251 * Changing the length of a Tab::
68735
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1252 * Inserting text at the beginning of each line::
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1253 * Underlining paragraphs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1254 * Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1255 * Forcing Emacs to iconify itself::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1256 * Using regular expressions::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1257 * Replacing text across multiple files::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1258 * Documentation for etags::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1259 * Disabling backups::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1260 * Disabling auto-save-mode::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1261 * Going to a line by number::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1262 * Modifying pull-down menus::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1263 * Deleting menus and menu options::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1264 * Turning on syntax highlighting::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1265 * Scrolling only one line::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1266 * Editing MS-DOS files::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1267 * Filling paragraphs with a single space::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1268 * Escape sequences in shell output::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1269 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1270
67892
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1271 @node Setting up a customization file, Using Customize, Common requests, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1272 @section How do I set up a @file{.emacs} file properly?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1273 @cindex @file{.emacs} file, setting up
50791
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
1274 @cindex @file{.emacs} file, locating
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1275 @cindex Init file, setting up
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1276 @cindex Customization file, setting up
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1277
50475
b65aa1d740eb Fix cross references.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 49429
diff changeset
1278 @inforef{Init File, Init File, emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1279
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1280 In general, new Emacs users should not have @file{.emacs} files, because
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1281 it causes confusing non-standard behavior. Then they send questions to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1282 @email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} asking why Emacs isn't behaving as
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1283 documented.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1284
67892
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1285 Beginning with version 20.1, Emacs includes the new Customize facility
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1286 (@pxref{Using Customize}). This allows users who are unfamiliar with
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1287 Emacs Lisp to modify their @file{.emacs} files in a relatively
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1288 straightforward way, using menus rather than Lisp code. Most packages
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1289 support Customize as of this writing.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1290
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1291 While Customize might indeed make it easier to configure Emacs,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1292 consider taking a bit of time to learn Emacs Lisp and modifying your
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1293 @file{.emacs} directly. Simple configuration options are described
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1294 rather completely in @inforef{Init File, Init File, emacs}, for users
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1295 interested in performing frequently requested, basic tasks.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1296
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1297 Sometimes users are unsure as to where their @file{.emacs} file should
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1298 be found. Visiting the file as @file{~/.emacs} from Emacs will find
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1299 the correct file.
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1300
67892
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1301 @node Using Customize, Colors on a TTY, Setting up a customization file, Common requests
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1302 @section How do I start using Customize?
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1303 @cindex Customize groups
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1304 @cindex Customizing variables
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1305 @cindex Customizing faces
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1306
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1307 The main Customize entry point is @kbd{M-x customize @key{RET}}. This
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1308 command takes you to a buffer listing all the available Customize
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1309 groups. From there, you can access all customizable options and faces,
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1310 change their values, and save your changes to your init file.
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1311 @inforef{Easy Customization, Easy Customization, emacs}.
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1312
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1313 If you know the name of the group in advance (e.g. ``shell''), use
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1314 @kbd{M-x customize-group @key{RET}}.
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1315
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1316 If you wish to customize a single option, use @kbd{M-x customize-option
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1317 @key{RET}}. This command prompts you for the name of the option to
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1318 customize, with completion.
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1319
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1320 @node Colors on a TTY, Debugging a customization file, Using Customize, Common requests
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1321 @section How do I get colors and syntax highlighting on a TTY?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1322 @cindex Colors on a TTY
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1323 @cindex Syntax highlighting on a TTY
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1324 @cindex Console, colors
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1325
43960
397a4490dc38 Fix some URLs, the Copyright years, and the Emacs version.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 42674
diff changeset
1326 In Emacs 21.1 and later, colors and faces are supported in non-windowed mode,
36842
654b53bab583 Change "character terminal" to "text-only terminal".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36515
diff changeset
1327 i.e.@: on Unix and GNU/Linux text-only terminals and consoles, and when
68842
7b3e08c6ecc2 (Colors on a TTY): Mention Mac OS port.
YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
parents: 68836
diff changeset
1328 invoked as @samp{emacs -nw} on X, MS-Windows, and Mac. (Colors and faces were
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1329 supported in the MS-DOS port since Emacs 19.29.) Emacs automatically
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1330 detects color support at startup and uses it if available. If you think
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1331 that your terminal supports colors, but Emacs won't use them, check the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1332 @code{termcap} entry for your display type for color-related
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1333 capabilities.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1334
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1335 The command @kbd{M-x list-colors-display} pops up a window which
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1336 exhibits all the colors Emacs knows about on the current display.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1337
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1338 Syntax highlighting is on by default since version 22.1.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1339
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1340 @node Debugging a customization file, Displaying the current line or column, Colors on a TTY, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1341 @section How do I debug a @file{.emacs} file?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1342 @cindex Debugging @file{.emacs} file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1343 @cindex @file{.emacs} debugging
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1344 @cindex Init file debugging
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1345 @cindex @samp{-debug-init} option
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1346
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1347 Start Emacs with the @samp{-debug-init} command-line option. This
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1348 enables the Emacs Lisp debugger before evaluating your @file{.emacs}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1349 file, and places you in the debugger if something goes wrong. The top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1350 line in the @file{trace-back} buffer will be the error message, and the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1351 second or third line of that buffer will display the Lisp code from your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1352 @file{.emacs} file that caused the problem.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1353
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1354 You can also evaluate an individual function or argument to a function
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1355 in your @file{.emacs} file by moving the cursor to the end of the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1356 function or argument and typing @kbd{C-x C-e} (@kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1357 eval-last-sexp}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1358
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1359 Use @kbd{C-h v} (@kbd{M-x describe-variable}) to check the value of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1360 variables which you are trying to set or use.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1361
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1362 @node Displaying the current line or column, Displaying the current file name in the titlebar, Debugging a customization file, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1363 @section How do I make Emacs display the current line (or column) number?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1364 @cindex @code{line-number-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1365 @cindex Displaying the current line or column
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1366 @cindex Line number, displaying the current
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1367 @cindex Column, displaying the current
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1368 @cindex @code{mode-line-format}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1369
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1370 To have Emacs automatically display the current line number of the point
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1371 in the mode line, do @kbd{M-x line-number-mode}. You can also put the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1372 form
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1373
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1374 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1375 (setq line-number-mode t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1376 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1377
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1378 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1379 in your @file{.emacs} file to achieve this whenever you start Emacs.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1380 (Line number display is on by default, unless your site-specific
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1381 initialization disables it.) Note that Emacs will not display the line
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1382 number if the buffer's size in bytes is larger than the value of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1383 variable @code{line-number-display-limit}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1384
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1385 As of Emacs 20, you can similarly display the current column with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1386 @kbd{M-x column-number-mode}, or by putting the form
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1387
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1388 @lisp
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1389 (setq column-number-mode t)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1390 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1391
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1392 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1393 in your @file{.emacs} file.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1394
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1395 The @code{"%c"} format specifier in the variable @code{mode-line-format}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1396 will insert the current column's value into the mode line. See the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1397 documentation for @code{mode-line-format} (using @kbd{C-h v
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1398 mode-line-format @key{RET}}) for more information on how to set and use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1399 this variable.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1400
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1401 Users of all Emacs versions can display the current column using the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1402 @samp{column} package written by @email{abraham@@dina.kvl.dk, Per
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1403 Abrahamsen}. @xref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}, for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1404 instructions on how to get it.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1405
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1406 @cindex Set number capability in @code{vi} emulators
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1407 None of the @code{vi} emulation modes provide the ``set number''
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1408 capability of @code{vi} (as far as we know). The @samp{setnu} package
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1409 written by @email{kyle@@wonderworks.com, Kyle Jones} provides this
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1410 feature. So too does @samp{wb-line-number}, written by
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1411 @email{naoki.y.nakamura@@nifty.com, Naoki Nakamura}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1412
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1413 @node Displaying the current file name in the titlebar, Turning on abbrevs by default, Displaying the current line or column, Common requests
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1414 @section How can I modify the titlebar to contain the current file name?
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1415 @cindex Titlebar, displaying the current file name in
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1416 @cindex File name, displaying in the titlebar
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1417 @cindex @code{frame-title-format}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1418
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1419 The contents of an Emacs frame's titlebar is controlled by the variable
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1420 @code{frame-title-format}, which has the same structure as the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1421 @code{mode-line-format}. (Use @kbd{C-h v} or @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1422 describe-variable} to get information about one or both of these
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1423 variables.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1424
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1425 By default, the titlebar for a frame does contain the name of the buffer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1426 currently being visited, except if there is a single frame. In such a
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1427 case, the titlebar contains Emacs invocation name and the name of the
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1428 machine at which Emacs was invoked. This is done by setting
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1429 @code{frame-title-format} to the default value of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1430
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1431 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1432 (multiple-frames "%b" ("" invocation-name "@@" system-name))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1433 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1434
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1435 To modify the behavior such that frame titlebars contain the buffer's
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1436 name regardless of the number of existing frames, include the following
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1437 in your @file{.emacs}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1438
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1439 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1440 (setq frame-title-format "%b")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1441 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1442
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1443 @node Turning on abbrevs by default, Associating modes with files, Displaying the current file name in the titlebar, Common requests
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1444 @section How do I turn on abbrevs by default just in mode @var{mymode}?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1445 @cindex Abbrevs, turning on by default
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1446
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1447 Put this in your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1448
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1449 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1450 (condition-case ()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1451 (quietly-read-abbrev-file)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1452 (file-error nil))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1453
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1454 (add-hook '@var{mymode}-mode-hook
28344
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
1455 (lambda ()
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
1456 (setq abbrev-mode t)))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1457 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1458
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1459 Starting with Emacs 22, the standard abbrevs file is read automatically
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1460 at startup, so the first of these two forms becomes unnecessary.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1461
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1462 @node Associating modes with files, Highlighting a region, Turning on abbrevs by default, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1463 @section How do I make Emacs use a certain major mode for certain files?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1464 @cindex Associating modes with files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1465 @cindex File extensions and modes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1466 @cindex @code{auto-mode-alist}, modifying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1467 @cindex Modes, associating with file extensions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1468
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1469 If you want to use a certain mode @var{foo} for all files whose names end
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1470 with the extension @file{.@var{bar}}, this will do it for you:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1471
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1472 @lisp
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1473 (setq auto-mode-alist (cons '("\\.@var{bar}\\'" . @var{foo}-mode) auto-mode-alist))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1474 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1475
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1476 Otherwise put this somewhere in the first line of any file you want to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1477 edit in the mode @var{foo} (in the second line, if the first line begins
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1478 with @samp{#!}):
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1479
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1480 @example
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1481 -*- @var{foo} -*-
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1482 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1483
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1484 @cindex Major mode for shell scripts
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1485 Beginning with Emacs 19, the variable @code{interpreter-mode-alist}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1486 specifies which mode to use when loading a shell script. (Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1487 determines which interpreter you're using by examining the first line of
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1488 the script.) This feature only applies when the file name doesn't
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1489 indicate which mode to use. Use @kbd{C-h v} (or @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1490 describe-variable}) on @code{interpreter-mode-alist} to learn more.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1491
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1492 @node Highlighting a region, Replacing highlighted text, Associating modes with files, Common requests
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1493 @section How can I highlight a region of text in Emacs?
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1494 @cindex Highlighting text
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1495 @cindex Text, highlighting
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1496 @cindex @code{transient-mark-mode}
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1497 @cindex Region, highlighting a
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1498
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1499 You can cause the region to be highlighted when the mark is active by
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1500 including
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1501
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1502 @lisp
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1503 (transient-mark-mode t)
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1504 @end lisp
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1505
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1506 @noindent
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1507 in your @file{.emacs} file.
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1508
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1509 @node Replacing highlighted text, Controlling case sensitivity, Highlighting a region, Common requests
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1510 @section How can I replace highlighted text with what I type?
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1511 @cindex @code{delete-selection-mode}
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1512 @cindex Replacing highlighted text
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1513 @cindex Highlighting and replacing text
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1514
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1515 Use @code{delete-selection-mode}, which you can start automatically by
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1516 placing the following Lisp form in your @file{.emacs} file:
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1517
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1518 @lisp
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1519 (delete-selection-mode 1)
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1520 @end lisp
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1521
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1522 According to the documentation string for @code{delete-selection-mode}
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1523 (which you can read using @kbd{M-x describe-function @key{RET}
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1524 delete-selection-mode @key{RET}}):
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1525
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1526 @quotation
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1527 When ON, typed text replaces the selection if the selection is active.
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1528 When OFF, typed text is just inserted at point.
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1529 @end quotation
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1530
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1531 This mode also allows you to delete (not kill) the highlighted region by
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1532 pressing @key{DEL}.
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1533
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1534 @node Controlling case sensitivity, Working with unprintable characters, Replacing highlighted text, Common requests
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1535 @section How do I control Emacs's case-sensitivity when searching/replacing?
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1536 @cindex @code{case-fold-search}
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1537 @cindex Case sensitivity of searches
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1538 @cindex Searching without case sensitivity
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1539 @cindex Ignoring case in searches
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1540
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1541 For searching, the value of the variable @code{case-fold-search}
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1542 determines whether they are case sensitive:
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1543
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1544 @lisp
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1545 (setq case-fold-search nil) ; make searches case sensitive
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1546 (setq case-fold-search t) ; make searches case insensitive
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1547 @end lisp
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1548
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1549 @cindex Case sensitivity in replacements
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1550 @cindex Replacing, and case sensitivity
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1551 @cindex @code{case-replace}
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1552 Similarly, for replacing, the variable @code{case-replace} determines
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1553 whether replacements preserve case.
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1554
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1555 You can also toggle case sensitivity at will in isearch with @kbd{M-c}.
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1556
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1557 To change the case sensitivity just for one major mode, use the major
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1558 mode's hook. For example:
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1559
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1560 @lisp
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1561 (add-hook '@var{foo}-mode-hook
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1562 (lambda ()
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1563 (setq case-fold-search nil)))
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1564 @end lisp
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1565
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1566 @node Working with unprintable characters, Searching for/replacing newlines, Controlling case sensitivity, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1567 @section How do I search for, delete, or replace unprintable (eight-bit or control) characters?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1568 @cindex Unprintable characters, working with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1569 @cindex Working with unprintable characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1570 @cindex Control characters, working with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1571 @cindex Eight-bit characters, working with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1572 @cindex Searching for unprintable characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1573 @cindex Regexps and unprintable characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1574
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1575 To search for a single character that appears in the buffer as, for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1576 example, @samp{\237}, you can type @kbd{C-s C-q 2 3 7}. (This assumes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1577 the value of @code{search-quote-char} is 17 (i.e., @kbd{C-q}).)
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1578 Searching for @strong{all} unprintable characters is best done with a
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1579 regular expression (@dfn{regexp}) search. The easiest regexp to use for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1580 the unprintable chars is the complement of the regexp for the printable
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1581 chars.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1582
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1583 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1584
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1585 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1586 Regexp for the printable chars: @samp{[\t\n\r\f -~]}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1587
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1588 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1589 Regexp for the unprintable chars: @samp{[^\t\n\r\f -~]}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1590
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1591 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1592
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1593 To type these special characters in an interactive argument to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1594 @code{isearch-forward-regexp} or @code{re-search-forward}, you need to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1595 use @kbd{C-q}. (@samp{\t}, @samp{\n}, @samp{\r}, and @samp{\f} stand
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1596 respectively for @key{TAB}, @key{LFD}, @key{RET}, and @kbd{C-l}.) So,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1597 to search for unprintable characters using @code{re-search-forward}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1598
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1599 @kbd{M-x re-search-forward @key{RET} [^ @key{TAB} C-q @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~] @key{RET}}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1600
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1601 Using @code{isearch-forward-regexp}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1602
40705
421e0a91a1d1 Replace M-C- with C-M-
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40014
diff changeset
1603 @kbd{C-M-s [^ @key{TAB} @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~]}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1604
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1605 To delete all unprintable characters, simply use replace-regexp:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1606
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1607 @kbd{M-x replace-regexp @key{RET} [^ @key{TAB} C-q @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~] @key{RET} @key{RET}}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1608
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1609 Replacing is similar to the above. To replace all unprintable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1610 characters with a colon, use:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1611
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1612 M-x replace-regexp @key{RET} [^ @key{TAB} C-q @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~] @key{RET} : @key{RET}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1613
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1614 @node Searching for/replacing newlines, Yanking text in isearch, Working with unprintable characters, Common requests
68735
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1615 @section How do I input a newline character in isearch or query-replace?
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1616 @cindex Searching for newlines
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1617 @cindex Replacing newlines
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1618
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1619 Use @kbd{C-q C-j}. For more information, see @inforef{Special Isearch,
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1620 Special Input for Incremental Search, emacs}.
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1621
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1622
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1623 @node Yanking text in isearch, Wrapping words automatically, Searching for/replacing newlines, Common requests
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1624 @section How do I copy text from the kill ring into the search string?
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1625 @cindex Yanking text into the search string
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1626 @cindex isearch yanking
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1627
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1628 Use @kbd{M-y}. @inforef{Isearch Yank, Isearch Yanking, emacs}.
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
1629
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1630 @node Wrapping words automatically, Turning on auto-fill by default, Yanking text in isearch, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1631 @section How do I make Emacs wrap words for me?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1632 @cindex Wrapping word automatically
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1633 @cindex Wrapping lines
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1634 @cindex Line wrap
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1635 @cindex @code{auto-fill-mode}, introduction to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1636 @cindex Maximum line width, default value
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1637 @cindex @code{fill-column}, default value
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1638
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1639 Use @code{auto-fill-mode}, activated by typing @kbd{M-x auto-fill-mode}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1640 The default maximum line width is 70, determined by the variable
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1641 @code{fill-column}. To learn how to turn this on automatically, see
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1642 @ref{Turning on auto-fill by default}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1643
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1644 @node Turning on auto-fill by default, Spell-checkers, Wrapping words automatically, Common requests
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1645 @section How do I turn on @code{auto-fill-mode} by default?
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1646 @cindex @code{auto-fill-mode}, activating automatically
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1647 @cindex Filling automatically
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1648 @cindex Automatic entry to @code{auto-fill-mode}
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1649
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1650 To turn on @code{auto-fill-mode} just once for one buffer, use @kbd{M-x
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1651 auto-fill-mode}.
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1652
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1653 To turn it on for every buffer in a certain mode, you must use the hook
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1654 for that mode. For example, to turn on @code{auto-fill} mode for all
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1655 text buffers, including the following in your @file{.emacs} file:
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1656
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1657 @lisp
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1658 (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-auto-fill)
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1659 @end lisp
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1660
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1661 If you want @code{auto-fill} mode on in all major modes, do this:
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1662
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1663 @lisp
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1664 (setq-default auto-fill-function 'do-auto-fill)
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1665 @end lisp
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1666
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
1667 @node Spell-checkers, Checking TeX and *roff documents, Turning on auto-fill by default, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1668 @section Where can I get a better spelling checker for Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1669 @cindex Checking spelling
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1670 @cindex Spelling, checking text documents
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1671
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1672 Use Ispell. @xref{Ispell}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1673
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1674 @node Checking TeX and *roff documents, Changing load-path, Spell-checkers, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1675 @section How can I spell-check @TeX{} or *roff documents?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1676 @cindex Spelling, checking @TeX{} documents
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1677 @cindex @TeX{} documents, checking spelling in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1678
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1679 Use Ispell. Ispell can handle @TeX{} and *roff documents.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1680 @xref{Ispell}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1681
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1682 @node Changing load-path, Using an already running Emacs process, Checking TeX and *roff documents, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1683 @section How do I change @code{load-path}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1684 @cindex @code{load-path}, modifying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1685 @cindex Modifying @code{load-path}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1686 @cindex Adding to @code{load-path}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1687
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1688 In general, you should only add to the @code{load-path}. You can add
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1689 directory @var{/dir/subdir} to the load path like this:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1690
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1691 @lisp
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1692 (setq load-path (cons "/dir/subdir/" load-path))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1693 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1694
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1695 To do this relative to your home directory:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1696
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1697 @lisp
59402
7497bd0e03ee (Changing load-path): Fix typo.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56833
diff changeset
1698 (setq load-path (cons "~/mysubdir/" load-path))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1699 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1700
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1701 @node Using an already running Emacs process, Compiler error messages, Changing load-path, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1702 @section How do I use an already running Emacs from another window?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1703 @cindex @code{emacsclient}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1704 @cindex Emacs server functions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1705 @cindex Using an existing Emacs process
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1706
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1707 @code{emacsclient}, which comes with Emacs, is for editing a file using
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1708 an already running Emacs rather than starting up a new Emacs. It does
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1709 this by sending a request to the already running Emacs, which must be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1710 expecting the request.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1711
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1712 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1713
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1714 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1715 Setup:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1716
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1717 Emacs must have executed the @code{server-start} function for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1718 @samp{emacsclient} to work. This can be done either by a command line
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1719 option:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1720
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1721 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1722 emacs -f server-start
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1723 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1724
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1725 or by invoking @code{server-start} from @file{.emacs}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1726
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1727 @lisp
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1728 (if (@var{some conditions are met}) (server-start))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1729 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1730
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1731 When this is done, Emacs creates a Unix domain socket named
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1732 @file{server} in @file{/tmp/emacs@var{userid}}. See
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1733 @code{server-socket-dir}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1734
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1735 To get your news reader, mail reader, etc., to invoke
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1736 @samp{emacsclient}, try setting the environment variable @code{EDITOR}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1737 (or sometimes @code{VISUAL}) to the value @samp{emacsclient}. You may
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1738 have to specify the full pathname of the @samp{emacsclient} program
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1739 instead. Examples:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1740
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1741 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1742 # csh commands:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1743 setenv EDITOR emacsclient
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1744
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1745 # using full pathname
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1746 setenv EDITOR /usr/local/emacs/etc/emacsclient
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1747
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1748 # sh command:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1749 EDITOR=emacsclient ; export EDITOR
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1750 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1751
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1752 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1753 Normal use:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1754
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1755 When @samp{emacsclient} is run, it connects to the socket and passes its
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1756 command line options to Emacs, which at the next opportunity will visit
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1757 the files specified. (Line numbers can be specified just like with
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1758 Emacs.) The user will have to switch to the Emacs window by hand. When
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1759 the user is done editing a file, the user can type @kbd{C-x #} (or
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1760 @kbd{M-x server-edit}) to indicate this. If there is another buffer
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1761 requested by @code{emacsclient}, Emacs will switch to it; otherwise
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1762 @code{emacsclient} will exit, signaling the calling program to continue.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1763
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1764 @cindex @code{gnuserv}
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1765 There is an enhanced version of @samp{emacsclient} called
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1766 @samp{gnuserv}, written by @email{ange@@hplb.hpl.hp.com, Andy Norman}
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1767 (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). @samp{gnuserv} uses
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1768 Internet domain sockets, so it can work across most network connections.
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1769
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1770 The most recent @samp{gnuserv} package is available at
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1771
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1772 @uref{http://meltin.net/hacks/emacs/}
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1773
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1774 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1775
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1776 @node Compiler error messages, Indenting switch statements, Using an already running Emacs process, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1777 @section How do I make Emacs recognize my compiler's funny error messages?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1778 @cindex Compiler error messages, recognizing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1779 @cindex Recognizing non-standard compiler errors
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1780 @cindex Regexps for recognizing compiler errors
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1781 @cindex Errors, recognizing compiler
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1782
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1783 Customize the @code{compilation-error-regexp-alist} variable.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1784
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1785 @node Indenting switch statements, Customizing C and C++ indentation, Compiler error messages, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1786 @section How do I change the indentation for @code{switch}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1787 @cindex @code{switch}, indenting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1788 @cindex Indenting of @code{switch}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1789
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1790 Many people want to indent their @code{switch} statements like this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1791
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1792 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1793 f()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1794 @{
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1795 switch(x) @{
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1796 case A:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1797 x1;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1798 break;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1799 case B:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1800 x2;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1801 break;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1802 default:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1803 x3;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1804 @}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1805 @}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1806 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1807
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1808 The solution at first appears to be: set @code{c-indent-level} to 4 and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1809 @code{c-label-offset} to -2. However, this will give you an indentation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1810 spacing of four instead of two.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1811
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1812 The @emph{real} solution is to use @code{cc-mode} (the default mode for
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1813 C programming in Emacs 20 and later) and add the following line to your
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1814 @file{.emacs}:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1815
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1816 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1817 (c-set-offset 'case-label '+)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1818 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1819
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1820 There appears to be no way to do this with the old @code{c-mode}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1821
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1822 @node Customizing C and C++ indentation, Horizontal scrolling, Indenting switch statements, Common requests
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1823 @section How to customize indentation in C, C@t{++}, and Java buffers?
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1824 @cindex Indentation, how to customize
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1825 @cindex Customize indentation
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1826
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1827 The Emacs @code{cc-mode} features an interactive procedure for
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1828 customizing the indentation style, which is fully explained in the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1829 @cite{CC Mode} manual that is part of the Emacs distribution, see
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1830 @ref{Customizing Indentation, , Customization Indentation, ccmode,
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1831 The CC Mode Manual}. Here's a short summary of the procedure:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1832
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1833 @enumerate
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1834 @item
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1835 Go to the beginning of the first line where you don't like the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1836 indentation and type @kbd{C-c C-o}. Emacs will prompt you for the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1837 syntactic symbol; type @key{RET} to accept the default it suggests.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1838
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1839 @item
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1840 Emacs now prompts for the offset of this syntactic symbol, showing the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1841 default (the current definition) inside parentheses. You can choose
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1842 one of these:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1843
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1844 @table @code
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1845 @item 0
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1846 No extra indentation.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1847 @item +
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1848 Indent one basic offset.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1849 @item -
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1850 Outdent one basic offset.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1851 @item ++
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1852 Indent two basic offsets
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1853 @item --
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1854 Outdent two basic offsets.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1855 @item *
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1856 Indent half basic offset.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1857 @item /
37079
dc7cb733ffc7 Fix a typo in the last change.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36977
diff changeset
1858 Outdent half basic offset.
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1859 @end table
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1860
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1861 @item
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1862 After choosing one of these symbols, type @kbd{C-c C-q} to reindent
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1863 the line or the block according to what you just specified.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1864
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1865 @item
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1866 If you don't like the result, go back to step 1. Otherwise, add the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1867 following line to your @file{.emacs}:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1868
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1869 @lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1870 (c-set-offset '@var{syntactic-symbol} @var{offset})
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1871 @end lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1872
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1873 @noindent
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1874 where @var{syntactic-symbol} is the name Emacs shows in the minibuffer
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1875 when you type @kbd{C-c C-o} at the beginning of the line, and
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1876 @var{offset} is one of the indentation symbols listed above (@code{+},
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1877 @code{/}, @code{0}, etc.) that you've chosen during the interactive
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1878 procedure.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1879
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1880 @item
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1881 Go to the next line whose indentation is not to your liking and repeat
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1882 the process there.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1883 @end enumerate
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1884
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1885 It is recommended to put all the resulting @code{(c-set-offset ...)}
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1886 customizations inside a C mode hook, like this:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1887
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1888 @lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1889 (defun my-c-mode-hook ()
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1890 (c-set-offset ...)
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1891 (c-set-offset ...))
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1892 (add-hook 'c-mode-hook 'my-c-mode-hook)
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1893 @end lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1894
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1895 @noindent
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1896 Using @code{c-mode-hook} avoids the need to put a @w{@code{(require
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1897 'cc-mode)}} into your @file{.emacs} file, because @code{c-set-offset}
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1898 might be unavailable when @code{cc-mode} is not loaded.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1899
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1900 Note that @code{c-mode-hook} runs for C source files only; use
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1901 @code{c++-mode-hook} for C@t{++} sources, @code{java-mode-hook} for
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1902 Java sources, etc. If you want the same customizations to be in
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1903 effect in @emph{all} languages supported by @code{cc-mode}, use
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1904 @code{c-mode-common-hook}.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1905
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1906 @node Horizontal scrolling, Overwrite mode, Customizing C and C++ indentation, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1907 @section How can I make Emacs automatically scroll horizontally?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1908 @cindex @code{hscroll-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1909 @cindex Horizontal scrolling
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1910 @cindex Scrolling horizontally
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1911
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1912 In Emacs 21 and later, this is on by default: if the variable
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1913 @code{truncate-lines} is non-@code{nil} in the current buffer, Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1914 automatically scrolls the display horizontally when point moves off the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1915 left or right edge of the window.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1916
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
1917 Note that this is overridden by the variable
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
1918 @code{truncate-partial-width-windows} if that variable is non-nil
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
1919 and the current buffer is not full-frame width.
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
1920
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1921 In Emacs 20, use the @code{hscroll-mode}. Here is some information from
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1922 the documentation, available by typing @kbd{C-h f hscroll-mode @key{RET}}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1923
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1924 Automatically scroll horizontally when the point moves off the
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1925 left or right edge of the window.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1926
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1927 @itemize @minus
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1928 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1929 Type @kbd{M-x hscroll-mode} to enable it in the current buffer.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1930
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1931 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1932 Type @kbd{M-x hscroll-global-mode} to enable it in every buffer.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1933
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1934 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1935 @code{turn-on-hscroll} is useful in mode hooks as in:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1936
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1937 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1938 (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-hscroll)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1939 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1940
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1941 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1942 @code{hscroll-margin} controls how close the cursor can get to the
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1943 edge of the window.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1944
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1945 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1946 @code{hscroll-step-percent} controls how far to jump once we decide to do so.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1947 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1948
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1949 @node Overwrite mode, Turning off beeping, Horizontal scrolling, Common requests
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
1950 @section How do I make Emacs ``typeover'' or ``overwrite'' instead of inserting?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1951 @cindex @key{Insert}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1952 @cindex @code{overwrite-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1953 @cindex Overwriting existing text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1954 @cindex Toggling @code{overwrite-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1955
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1956 @kbd{M-x overwrite-mode} (a minor mode). This toggles
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1957 @code{overwrite-mode} on and off, so exiting from @code{overwrite-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1958 is as easy as another @kbd{M-x overwrite-mode}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1959
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1960 On some systems, @key{Insert} toggles @code{overwrite-mode} on and off.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1961
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1962 @node Turning off beeping, Turning the volume down, Overwrite mode, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1963 @section How do I stop Emacs from beeping on a terminal?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1964 @cindex Beeping, turning off
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1965 @cindex Visible bell
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1966 @cindex Bell, visible
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1967
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1968 @email{martin@@cc.gatech.edu, Martin R. Frank} writes:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1969
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1970 Tell Emacs to use the @dfn{visible bell} instead of the audible bell,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1971 and set the visible bell to nothing.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1972
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1973 That is, put the following in your @code{TERMCAP} environment variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1974 (assuming you have one):
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1975
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1976 @example
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1977 ... :vb=: ...
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1978 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1979
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1980 And evaluate the following Lisp form:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1981
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1982 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1983 (setq visible-bell t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1984 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1985
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1986 @node Turning the volume down, Automatic indentation, Turning off beeping, Common requests
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
1987 @section How do I turn down the bell volume in Emacs running under X?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1988 @cindex Bell, volume of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1989 @cindex Volume of bell
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1990
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1991 On X Window system, you can adjust the bell volume and duration for all
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1992 programs with the shell command @code{xset}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1993
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1994 Invoking @code{xset} without any arguments produces some basic
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1995 information, including the following:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1996
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1997 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1998 usage: xset [-display host:dpy] option ...
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1999 To turn bell off:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2000 -b b off b 0
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2001 To set bell volume, pitch and duration:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2002 b [vol [pitch [dur]]] b on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2003 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2004
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2005 @node Automatic indentation, Matching parentheses, Turning the volume down, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2006 @section How do I tell Emacs to automatically indent a new line to the indentation of the previous line?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2007 @cindex Indenting new lines
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2008 @cindex New lines, indenting of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2009 @cindex Previous line, indenting according to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2010 @cindex Text indentation
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2011
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2012 Such behavior is automatic in Emacs 20 and later. From the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2013 @file{etc/NEWS} file for Emacs 20.2:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2014
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2015 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2016 ** In Text mode, now only blank lines separate paragraphs. This makes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2017 it possible to get the full benefit of Adaptive Fill mode in Text mode,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2018 and other modes derived from it (such as Mail mode). @key{TAB} in Text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2019 mode now runs the command @code{indent-relative}; this makes a practical
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2020 difference only when you use indented paragraphs.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2021
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2022 As a result, the old Indented Text mode is now identical to Text mode,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2023 and is an alias for it.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2024
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2025 If you want spaces at the beginning of a line to start a paragraph, use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2026 the new mode, Paragraph Indent Text mode.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2027 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2028
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2029 @cindex Prefixing lines
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2030 @cindex Fill prefix
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2031 If you have @code{auto-fill-mode} turned on (@pxref{Turning on auto-fill
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2032 by default}), you can tell Emacs to prefix every line with a certain
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2033 character sequence, the @dfn{fill prefix}. Type the prefix at the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2034 beginning of a line, position point after it, and then type @kbd{C-x .}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2035 (@code{set-fill-prefix}) to set the fill prefix. Thereafter,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2036 auto-filling will automatically put the fill prefix at the beginning of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2037 new lines, and @kbd{M-q} (@code{fill-paragraph}) will maintain any fill
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2038 prefix when refilling the paragraph.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2039
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2040 If you have paragraphs with different levels of indentation, you will
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2041 have to set the fill prefix to the correct value each time you move to a
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
2042 new paragraph. There are many packages available to deal with this
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
2043 (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). Look for ``fill'' and
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
2044 ``indent'' keywords for guidance.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2045
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2046 @node Matching parentheses, Hiding #ifdef lines, Automatic indentation, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2047 @section How do I show which parenthesis matches the one I'm looking at?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2048 @cindex Parentheses, matching
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2049 @cindex @file{paren.el}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2050 @cindex Highlighting matching parentheses
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2051 @cindex Pairs of parentheses, highlighting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2052 @cindex Matching parentheses
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2053
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2054 Call @code{show-paren-mode} in your @file{.emacs} file:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2055
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2056 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2057 (show-paren-mode 1)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2058 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2059
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2060 You can also enable this mode by selecting the @samp{Paren Match
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2061 Highlighting} option from the @samp{Options} menu of the Emacs menu bar
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2062 at the top of any Emacs frame.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2063
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2064 Alternatives to this mode include:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2065
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2066 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2067
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2068 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2069 If you're looking at a right parenthesis (or brace or bracket) you can
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2070 delete it and reinsert it. Emacs will momentarily move the cursor to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2071 the matching parenthesis.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2072
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2073 @item
40705
421e0a91a1d1 Replace M-C- with C-M-
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40014
diff changeset
2074 @kbd{C-M-f} (@code{forward-sexp}) and @kbd{C-M-b} (@code{backward-sexp})
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2075 will skip over one set of balanced parentheses, so you can see which
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2076 parentheses match. (You can train it to skip over balanced brackets
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2077 and braces at the same time by modifying the syntax table.)
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2078
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2079 @cindex Show matching paren as in @code{vi}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2080 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2081 Here is some Emacs Lisp that will make the @key{%} key show the matching
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2082 parenthesis, like in @code{vi}. In addition, if the cursor isn't over a
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2083 parenthesis, it simply inserts a % like normal.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2084
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2085 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2086 ;; By an unknown contributor
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2087
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2088 (global-set-key "%" 'match-paren)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2089
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2090 (defun match-paren (arg)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2091 "Go to the matching paren if on a paren; otherwise insert %."
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2092 (interactive "p")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2093 (cond ((looking-at "\\s\(") (forward-list 1) (backward-char 1))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2094 ((looking-at "\\s\)") (forward-char 1) (backward-list 1))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2095 (t (self-insert-command (or arg 1)))))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2096 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2097
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2098 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2099
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2100 @node Hiding #ifdef lines, Repeating commands, Matching parentheses, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2101 @section In C mode, can I show just the lines that will be left after @code{#ifdef} commands are handled by the compiler?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2102 @cindex @code{#ifdef}, selective display of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2103 @cindex @code{hide-ifdef-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2104 @cindex Hiding @code{#ifdef} text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2105 @cindex Selectively displaying @code{#ifdef} code
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2106
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2107 @kbd{M-x hide-ifdef-mode}. (This is a minor mode.) You might also want
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
2108 to investigate @file{cpp.el}, which is distributed with Emacs.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2109
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2110 @node Repeating commands, Valid X resources, Hiding #ifdef lines, Common requests
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2111 @section How do I repeat a command as many times as possible?
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2112 @cindex Repeating commands many times
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2113 @cindex Commands, repeating many times
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2114 @cindex @code{.}, equivalent to @code{vi} command
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2115
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2116 As of Emacs 20.3, there is indeed a @code{repeat} command (@kbd{C-x z})
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2117 that repeats the last command. If you preface it with a prefix
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2118 argument, the prefix arg is applied to the command.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2119
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2120 You can also type @kbd{C-x @key{ESC} @key{ESC}}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2121 (@code{repeat-complex-command}) to reinvoke commands that used the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2122 minibuffer to get arguments. In @code{repeat-complex-command} you can
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2123 type @kbd{M-p} and @kbd{M-n} (and also up-arrow and down-arrow, if your
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2124 keyboard has these keys) to scan through all the different complex
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2125 commands you've typed.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2126
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2127 To repeat a set of commands, use keyboard macros. Use @kbd{C-x (} and
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2128 @kbd{C-x )} to make a keyboard macro that invokes the command and then
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2129 type @kbd{C-x e}. (@inforef{Keyboard Macros, Keyboard Macros, emacs}.)
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2130
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2131 If you're really desperate for the @code{.} command in @code{vi} that
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2132 redoes the last insertion/deletion, use VIPER, a @code{vi} emulation
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2133 mode which comes with Emacs, and which appears to support it.
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2134 (@xref{VIPER}.)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2135
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2136 @node Valid X resources, Evaluating Emacs Lisp code, Repeating commands, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2137 @section What are the valid X resource settings (i.e., stuff in .Xdefaults)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2138 @cindex Resources, X
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2139 @cindex X resources
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2140 @cindex Setting X resources
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2141
50475
b65aa1d740eb Fix cross references.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 49429
diff changeset
2142 @inforef{X Resources, X Resources, emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2143
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2144 You can also use a resource editor, such as editres (for X11R5 and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2145 onwards), to look at the resource names for the menu bar, assuming Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2146 was compiled with the X toolkit.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2147
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2148 @node Evaluating Emacs Lisp code, Changing the length of a Tab, Valid X resources, Common requests
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
2149 @section How do I execute (``evaluate'') a piece of Emacs Lisp code?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2150 @cindex Evaluating Lisp code
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2151 @cindex Lisp forms, evaluating
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2152
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2153 There are a number of ways to execute (@dfn{evaluate}, in Lisp lingo) an
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2154 Emacs Lisp @dfn{form}:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2155
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2156 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2157
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2158 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2159 If you want it evaluated every time you run Emacs, put it in a file
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2160 named @file{.emacs} in your home directory. This is known as ``your
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2161 @file{.emacs} file,'' and contains all of your personal customizations.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2162
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2163 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2164 You can type the form in the @file{*scratch*} buffer, and then type
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2165 @key{LFD} (or @kbd{C-j}) after it. The result of evaluating the form
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2166 will be inserted in the buffer.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2167
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2168 @item
40705
421e0a91a1d1 Replace M-C- with C-M-
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40014
diff changeset
2169 In @code{emacs-lisp-mode}, typing @kbd{C-M-x} evaluates a top-level form
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2170 before or around point.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2171
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2172 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2173 Typing @kbd{C-x C-e} in any buffer evaluates the Lisp form immediately
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2174 before point and prints its value in the echo area.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2175
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2176 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2177 Typing @kbd{M-:} or @kbd{M-x eval-expression} allows you to type a Lisp
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2178 form in the minibuffer which will be evaluated once you press @key{RET}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2179
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2180 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2181 You can use @kbd{M-x load-file} to have Emacs evaluate all the Lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2182 forms in a file. (To do this from Lisp use the function @code{load}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2183 instead.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2184
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2185 The functions @code{load-library}, @code{eval-region},
71628
d48403d9f759 (Evaluating Emacs Lisp code):
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 71612
diff changeset
2186 @code{eval-buffer}, @code{require}, and @code{autoload} are also
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2187 useful; see @ref{Emacs Lisp documentation}, if you want to learn more
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2188 about them.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2189
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2190 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2191
68735
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
2192 @node Changing the length of a Tab, Inserting text at the beginning of each line, Evaluating Emacs Lisp code, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2193 @section How do I change Emacs's idea of the @key{TAB} character's length?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2194 @cindex Tab length
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2195 @cindex Length of tab character
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2196 @cindex @code{default-tab-width}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2197
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2198 Set the variable @code{default-tab-width}. For example, to set
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2199 @key{TAB} stops every 10 characters, insert the following in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2200 @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2201
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2202 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2203 (setq default-tab-width 10)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2204 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2205
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2206 Do not confuse variable @code{tab-width} with variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2207 @code{tab-stop-list}. The former is used for the display of literal
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2208 @key{TAB} characters. The latter controls what characters are inserted
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2209 when you press the @key{TAB} character in certain modes.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2210
68735
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
2211 @node Inserting text at the beginning of each line, Underlining paragraphs, Changing the length of a Tab, Common requests
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
2212 @section How do I insert <some text> at the beginning of every line?
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
2213 @cindex Prefixing a region with some text
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2214 @cindex Prefix character, inserting in mail/news replies
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2215 @cindex Replies to mail/news, inserting a prefix character
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2216 @cindex @code{mail-yank-prefix}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2217 @cindex Mail replies, inserting a prefix character
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2218 @cindex News replies, inserting a prefix character
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2219
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2220 To do this to an entire buffer, type @kbd{M-< M-x replace-regexp
68735
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
2221 @key{RET} ^ @key{RET} your text @key{RET}}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2222
37447
0bc52782144f Adapt to the change of string-rectangle back to 20.x behaviour.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37079
diff changeset
2223 To do this to a region, use @code{string-insert-rectangle}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2224 Set the mark (@kbd{C-@key{SPC}}) at the beginning of the first line you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2225 want to prefix, move the cursor to last line to be prefixed, and type
37447
0bc52782144f Adapt to the change of string-rectangle back to 20.x behaviour.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37079
diff changeset
2226 @kbd{M-x string-insert-rectangle @key{RET}}. To do this for the whole
0bc52782144f Adapt to the change of string-rectangle back to 20.x behaviour.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37079
diff changeset
2227 buffer, type @kbd{C-x h M-x string-insert-rectangle @key{RET}}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2228
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2229 If you are trying to prefix a yanked mail message with @samp{>}, you
68735
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
2230 might want to set the variable @code{mail-yank-prefix}. In Message
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
2231 buffers, you can even use @kbd{M-;} to cite yanked messages (@kbd{M-;}
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
2232 runs the function @code{comment-region}, it is a general-purpose
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
2233 mechanism to comment regions) (@pxref{Changing the included text prefix}).
68735
c7092f815c43 (Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68712
diff changeset
2234
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2235 @node Underlining paragraphs, Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column, Inserting text at the beginning of each line, Common requests
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
2236 @section How do I insert @samp{_^H} before each character in a region to get an underlined paragraph?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2237 @cindex Underlining a region of text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2238 @cindex @code{underline-region}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2239
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2240 Mark the region and then type @kbd{M-x underline-region @key{RET}}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2241
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2242 @node Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column, Forcing Emacs to iconify itself, Underlining paragraphs, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2243 @section How do I make Emacs behave like this: when I go up or down, the cursor should stay in the same column even if the line is too short?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2244 @cindex @code{picture-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2245 @cindex Remaining in the same column, regardless of contents
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2246 @cindex Vertical movement in empty documents
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2247
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
2248 Use @kbd{M-x picture-mode}.
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
2249
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
2250 See also the variable @code{track-eol} and the command
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
2251 @code{set-goal-column} bound to @kbd{C-x C-n}
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
2252 (@pxref{Moving Point, , , emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2253
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2254 @node Forcing Emacs to iconify itself, Using regular expressions, Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2255 @section How do I tell Emacs to iconify itself?
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
2256 @cindex Iconification under the X Window System
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
2257 @cindex X Window System and iconification
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2258 @cindex Suspending Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2259
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
2260 @kbd{C-z} iconifies Emacs when running under X and suspends Emacs
50475
b65aa1d740eb Fix cross references.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 49429
diff changeset
2261 otherwise. @inforef{Frame Commands, Frame Commands, emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2262
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2263 @node Using regular expressions, Replacing text across multiple files, Forcing Emacs to iconify itself, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2264 @section How do I use regexps (regular expressions) in Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2265 @cindex Regexps
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2266 @cindex Regular expressions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2267 @cindex Differences between Unix and Emacs regexps
70501
b31d4dcfe813 (Using regular expressions): Fix typo.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69693
diff changeset
2268 @cindex Unix regexps, differences from Emacs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2269 @cindex Text strings, putting regexps in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2270
64917
f9b024cc4772 (Using regular expressions): Fix xref.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64890
diff changeset
2271 @inforef{Regexp Backslash, Regexp Backslash, emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2272
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2273 The @code{or} operator is @samp{\|}, not @samp{|}, and the grouping operators
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2274 are @samp{\(} and @samp{\)}. Also, the string syntax for a backslash is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2275 @samp{\\}. To specify a regular expression like @samp{xxx\(foo\|bar\)}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2276 in a Lisp string, use @samp{xxx\\(foo\\|bar\\)}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2277
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2278 Note the doubled backslashes!
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2279
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2280 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2281
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2282 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2283 Unlike in Unix @file{grep}, @file{sed}, etc., a complement character set
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2284 (@samp{[^...]}) can match a newline character (@key{LFD} a.k.a.@:
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2285 @kbd{C-j} a.k.a.@: @samp{\n}), unless newline is mentioned as one of the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2286 characters not to match.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2287
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2288 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2289 The character syntax regexps (e.g., @samp{\sw}) are not
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2290 meaningful inside character set regexps (e.g., @samp{[aeiou]}). (This
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2291 is actually typical for regexp syntax.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2292
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2293 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2294
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2295 @node Replacing text across multiple files, Documentation for etags, Using regular expressions, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2296 @section How do I perform a replace operation across more than one file?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2297 @cindex Replacing strings across files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2298 @cindex Multiple files, replacing across
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2299 @cindex Files, replacing strings across multiple
70507
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2300 @cindex Recursive search/replace operations
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2301
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2302 As of Emacs 19.29, Dired mode (@kbd{M-x dired @key{RET}}, or @kbd{C-x
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2303 d}) supports the command @code{dired-do-query-replace} (@kbd{Q}), which
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2304 allows users to replace regular expressions in multiple files.
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2305
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2306 You can use this command to perform search/replace operations on
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2307 multiple files by following the following steps:
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2308
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2309 @itemize @bullet
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2310 @item
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2311 Assemble a list of files you want to operate on with either
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2312 @code{find-dired}, @code{find-name-dired} or @code{find-grep-dired}.
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2313
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2314 @item
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2315 Mark all files in the resulting Dired buffer using @kbd{t}.
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2316
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2317 @item
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2318 Use @kbd{Q} to start a @code{query-replace-regexp} session on the marked
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2319 files.
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2320
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2321 @item
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2322 To accept all replacements in each file, hit @kbd{!}.
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2323 @end itemize
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2324
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2325 Another way to do the same thing is to use the ``tags'' feature of
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2326 Emacs: it includes the command @code{tags-query-replace} which performs
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2327 a query-replace across all the files mentioned in the @file{TAGS} file.
dd8efbe5f0a0 (Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 70501
diff changeset
2328 @inforef{Tags Search, Tags Search, emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2329
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2330 @node Documentation for etags, Disabling backups, Replacing text across multiple files, Common requests
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2331 @section Where is the documentation for @code{etags}?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2332 @cindex Documentation for @code{etags}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2333 @cindex @code{etags}, documentation for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2334
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2335 The @code{etags} man page should be in the same place as the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2336 @code{emacs} man page.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2337
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2338 Quick command-line switch descriptions are also available. For example,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2339 @samp{etags -H}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2340
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2341 @node Disabling backups, Disabling auto-save-mode, Documentation for etags, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2342 @section How do I disable backup files?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2343 @cindex Backups, disabling
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2344 @cindex Disabling backups
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2345
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2346 You probably don't want to do this, since backups are useful, especially
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2347 when something goes wrong.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2348
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
2349 To avoid seeing backup files (and other ``uninteresting'' files) in Dired,
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2350 load @code{dired-x} by adding the following to your @file{.emacs} file:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2351
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2352 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2353 (add-hook 'dired-load-hook
28344
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
2354 (lambda ()
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
2355 (load "dired-x")))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2356 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2357
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2358 With @code{dired-x} loaded, @kbd{M-o} toggles omitting in each dired buffer.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2359 You can make omitting the default for new dired buffers by putting the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2360 following in your @file{.emacs}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2361
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2362 @lisp
30692
b2cc8b3e837e (Disabling backups): Replace reference to
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 30009
diff changeset
2363 (add-hook 'dired-mode-hook 'dired-omit-toggle)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2364 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2365
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2366 If you're tired of seeing backup files whenever you do an @samp{ls} at
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2367 the Unix shell, try GNU @code{ls} with the @samp{-B} option. GNU
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2368 @code{ls} is part of the GNU Fileutils package, available from
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2369 @samp{ftp.gnu.org} and its mirrors (@pxref{Current GNU distributions}).
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2370
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2371 To disable or change the way backups are made, @inforef{Backup Names, ,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2372 emacs}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2373
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2374 @cindex Backup files in a single directory
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2375 Beginning with Emacs 21.1, you can control where Emacs puts backup files
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2376 by customizing the variable @code{backup-directory-alist}. This
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2377 variable's value specifies that files whose names match specific patters
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2378 should have their backups put in certain directories. A typical use is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2379 to add the element @code{("." . @var{dir})} to force Emacs to put
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2380 @strong{all} backup files in the directory @file{dir}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2381
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2382 @node Disabling auto-save-mode, Going to a line by number, Disabling backups, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2383 @section How do I disable @code{auto-save-mode}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2384 @cindex Disabling @code{auto-save-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2385 @cindex Auto-saving
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2386 @cindex Saving at frequent intervals
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2387
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2388 You probably don't want to do this, since auto-saving is useful,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2389 especially when Emacs or your computer crashes while you are editing a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2390 document.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2391
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2392 Instead, you might want to change the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2393 @code{auto-save-interval}, which specifies how many keystrokes Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2394 waits before auto-saving. Increasing this value forces Emacs to wait
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2395 longer between auto-saves, which might annoy you less.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2396
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2397 You might also want to look into Sebastian Kremer's @code{auto-save}
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
2398 package (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). This
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2399 package also allows you to place all auto-save files in one directory,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2400 such as @file{/tmp}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2401
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2402 To disable or change how @code{auto-save-mode} works, @inforef{Auto
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2403 Save, , emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2404
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2405 @node Going to a line by number, Modifying pull-down menus, Disabling auto-save-mode, Common requests
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2406 @section How can I go to a certain line given its number?
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2407 @cindex Going to a line by number
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2408 @cindex Compilation error messages
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2409 @cindex Recompilation
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2410
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2411 Are you sure you indeed need to go to a line by its number? Perhaps all
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2412 you want is to display a line in your source file for which a compiler
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2413 printed an error message? If so, compiling from within Emacs using the
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2414 @kbd{M-x compile} and @kbd{M-x recompile} commands is a much more
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2415 effective way of doing that. Emacs automatically intercepts the compile
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2416 error messages, inserts them into a special buffer called
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2417 @code{*compilation*}, and lets you visit the locus of each message in
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2418 the source. Type @kbd{C-x `} to step through the offending lines one by
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2419 one (starting with Emacs 22, you can also use @kbd{M-g M-p} and
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2420 @kbd{M-g M-n} to go to the previous and next matches directly). Click
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2421 @kbd{Mouse-2} or press @key{RET} on a message text in the
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2422 @code{*compilation*} buffer to go to the line whose number is mentioned
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2423 in that message.
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2424
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2425 But if you indeed need to go to a certain text line, type @kbd{M-g M-g}
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2426 (which is the default binding of the @code{goto-line} function starting
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2427 with Emacs 22). Emacs will prompt you for the number of the line and go
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2428 to that line.
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2429
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2430 You can do this faster by invoking @code{goto-line} with a numeric
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2431 argument that is the line's number. For example, @kbd{C-u 286 M-g M-g}
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2432 will jump to line number 286 in the current buffer.
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2433
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2434 @node Modifying pull-down menus, Deleting menus and menu options, Going to a line by number, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2435 @section How can I create or modify new pull-down menu options?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2436 @cindex Pull-down menus, creating or modifying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2437 @cindex Menus, creating or modifying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2438 @cindex Creating new menu options
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2439 @cindex Modifying pull-down menus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2440 @cindex Menus and keymaps
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2441 @cindex Keymaps and menus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2442
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2443 Each menu title (e.g., @samp{File}, @samp{Edit}, @samp{Buffers})
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2444 represents a local or global keymap. Selecting a menu title with the
56279
b1ae5333057a * ses.texi, viper.texi, search.texi, flymake.texi, faq.texi:
Jesper Harder <harder@ifa.au.dk>
parents: 55201
diff changeset
2445 mouse displays that keymap's non-@code{nil} contents in the form of a menu.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2446
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2447 So to add a menu option to an existing menu, all you have to do is add a
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2448 new definition to the appropriate keymap. Adding a @samp{Forward Word}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2449 item to the @samp{Edit} menu thus requires the following Lisp code:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2450
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2451 @lisp
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2452 (define-key global-map
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2453 [menu-bar edit forward]
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2454 '("Forward word" . forward-word))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2455 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2456
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2457 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2458 The first line adds the entry to the global keymap, which includes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2459 global menu bar entries. Replacing the reference to @code{global-map}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2460 with a local keymap would add this menu option only within a particular
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2461 mode.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2462
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2463 The second line describes the path from the menu-bar to the new entry.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2464 Placing this menu entry underneath the @samp{File} menu would mean
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2465 changing the word @code{edit} in the second line to @code{file}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2466
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2467 The third line is a cons cell whose first element is the title that will
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2468 be displayed, and whose second element is the function that will be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2469 called when that menu option is invoked.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2470
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2471 To add a new menu, rather than a new option to an existing menu, we must
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2472 define an entirely new keymap:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2473
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2474 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2475 (define-key global-map [menu-bar words]
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2476 (cons "Words" (make-sparse-keymap "Words")))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2477 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2478
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2479 The above code creates a new sparse keymap, gives it the name
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2480 @samp{Words}, and attaches it to the global menu bar. Adding the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2481 @samp{Forward Word} item to this new menu would thus require the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2482 following code:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2483
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2484 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2485 (define-key global-map
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2486 [menu-bar words forward]
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2487 '("Forward word" . forward-word))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2488 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2489
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2490 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2491 Note that because of the way keymaps work, menu options are displayed
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2492 with the more recently defined items at the top. Thus if you were to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2493 define menu options @samp{foo}, @samp{bar}, and @samp{baz} (in that
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2494 order), the menu option @samp{baz} would appear at the top, and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2495 @samp{foo} would be at the bottom.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2496
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2497 One way to avoid this problem is to use the function @code{define-key-after},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2498 which works the same as @code{define-key}, but lets you modify where items
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2499 appear. The following Lisp code would insert the @samp{Forward Word}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2500 item in the @samp{Edit} menu immediately following the @samp{Undo} item:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2501
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2502 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2503 (define-key-after
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2504 (lookup-key global-map [menu-bar edit])
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2505 [forward]
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2506 '("Forward word" . forward-word)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2507 'undo)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2508 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2509
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2510 Note how the second and third arguments to @code{define-key-after} are
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2511 different from those of @code{define-key}, and that we have added a new
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2512 (final) argument, the function after which our new key should be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2513 defined.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2514
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2515 To move a menu option from one position to another, simply evaluate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2516 @code{define-key-after} with the appropriate final argument.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2517
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2518 More detailed information---and more examples of how to create and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2519 modify menu options---are in the @cite{Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}, under
72101
c7e4f78b81a6 Move periods and commas inside quotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72014
diff changeset
2520 ``Menu Keymaps.'' (@xref{Emacs Lisp documentation}, for information on
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
2521 this manual.)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2522
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2523 @node Deleting menus and menu options, Turning on syntax highlighting, Modifying pull-down menus, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2524 @section How do I delete menus and menu options?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2525 @cindex Deleting menus and menu options
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2526 @cindex Menus, deleting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2527
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2528 The simplest way to remove a menu is to set its keymap to @samp{nil}.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2529 For example, to delete the @samp{Words} menu (@pxref{Modifying pull-down
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2530 menus}), use:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2531
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2532 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2533 (define-key global-map [menu-bar words] nil)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2534 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2535
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2536 Similarly, removing a menu option requires redefining a keymap entry to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2537 @code{nil}. For example, to delete the @samp{Forward word} menu option
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2538 from the @samp{Edit} menu (we added it in @ref{Modifying pull-down
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2539 menus}), use:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2540
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2541 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2542 (define-key global-map [menu-bar edit forward] nil)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2543 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2544
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2545 @node Turning on syntax highlighting, Scrolling only one line, Deleting menus and menu options, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2546 @section How do I turn on syntax highlighting?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2547 @cindex Syntax highlighting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2548 @cindex @code{font-lock-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2549 @cindex Highlighting based on syntax
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2550 @cindex Colorizing text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2551 @cindex FAQ, @code{font-lock-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2552
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2553 @code{font-lock-mode} is the standard way to have Emacs perform syntax
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2554 highlighting in the current buffer. It is enabled by default in Emacs
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2555 22.1 and later.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2556
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2557 With @code{font-lock-mode} turned on, different types of text will
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2558 appear in different colors. For instance, in a programming mode,
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2559 variables will appear in one face, keywords in a second, and comments in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2560 a third.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2561
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2562 @cindex hilit19 is deprecated
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2563 Earlier versions of Emacs supported hilit19, a similar package. Use of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2564 hilit19 is now considered non-standard, although @file{hilit19.el} comes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2565 with the stock Emacs distribution. It is no longer maintained.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2566
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2567 To turn @code{font-lock-mode} off within an existing buffer, use
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2568 @kbd{M-x font-lock-mode @key{RET}}.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2569
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2570 In Emacs 21 and earlier versions, you could use the following code in
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2571 your @file{.emacs} file to turn on @code{font-lock-mode} globally:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2572
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2573 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2574 (global-font-lock-mode 1)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2575 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2576
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2577 Highlighting a buffer with @code{font-lock-mode} can take quite a while,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2578 and cause an annoying delay in display, so several features exist to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2579 work around this.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2580
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2581 @cindex Just-In-Time syntax highlighting
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2582 In Emacs 21 and later, turning on @code{font-lock-mode} automatically
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2583 activates the new @dfn{Just-In-Time fontification} provided by
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2584 @code{jit-lock-mode}. @code{jit-lock-mode} defers the fontification of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2585 portions of buffer until you actually need to see them, and can also
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2586 fontify while Emacs is idle. This makes display of the visible portion
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2587 of a buffer almost instantaneous. For details about customizing
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2588 @code{jit-lock-mode}, type @kbd{C-h f jit-lock-mode @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2589
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2590 @cindex Levels of syntax highlighting
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2591 @cindex Decoration level, in @code{font-lock-mode}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2592 In versions of Emacs before 21, different levels of decoration are
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2593 available, from slight to gaudy. More decoration means you need to wait
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2594 more time for a buffer to be fontified (or a faster machine). To
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2595 control how decorated your buffers should become, set the value of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2596 @code{font-lock-maximum-decoration} in your @file{.emacs} file, with a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2597 @code{nil} value indicating default (usually minimum) decoration, and a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2598 @code{t} value indicating the maximum decoration. For the gaudiest
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2599 possible look, then, include the line
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2600
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2601 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2602 (setq font-lock-maximum-decoration t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2603 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2604
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2605 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2606 in your @file{.emacs} file. You can also set this variable such that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2607 different modes are highlighted in a different ways; for more
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2608 information, see the documentation for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2609 @code{font-lock-maximum-decoration} with @kbd{C-h v} (or @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2610 describe-variable @key{RET}}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2611
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2612 Also see the documentation for the function @code{font-lock-mode},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2613 available by typing @kbd{C-h f font-lock-mode} (@kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2614 describe-function @key{RET} font-lock-mode @key{RET}}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2615
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2616 To print buffers with the faces (i.e., colors and fonts) intact, use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2617 @kbd{M-x ps-print-buffer-with-faces} or @kbd{M-x
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2618 ps-print-region-with-faces}. You will need a way to send text to a
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2619 PostScript printer, or a PostScript interpreter such as Ghostscript;
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2620 consult the documentation of the variables @code{ps-printer-name},
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2621 @code{ps-lpr-command}, and @code{ps-lpr-switches} for more details.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2622
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2623 @node Scrolling only one line, Editing MS-DOS files, Turning on syntax highlighting, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2624 @section How can I force Emacs to scroll only one line when I move past the bottom of the screen?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2625 @cindex Scrolling only one line
46918
82d113655734 Minor spelling and grammar corrections.
Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>
parents: 46655
diff changeset
2626 @cindex Reducing the increment when scrolling
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2627
67551
fe8f45a3c8a7 (Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67543
diff changeset
2628 Customize the @code{scroll-conservatively} variable with @kbd{M-x
fe8f45a3c8a7 (Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67543
diff changeset
2629 customize-variable @key{RET} scroll-conservatively @key{RET}} and set it
fe8f45a3c8a7 (Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67543
diff changeset
2630 to a large value like, say, 10000. For an explanation of what this
71641
6edfaf0b0ec6 (Scrolling only one line): Fix xref.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 71628
diff changeset
2631 means, @inforef{Auto Scrolling, Auto Scrolling, emacs}.
67551
fe8f45a3c8a7 (Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67543
diff changeset
2632
fe8f45a3c8a7 (Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67543
diff changeset
2633 Alternatively, use the following Lisp form in your @file{.emacs}:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2634
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2635 @lisp
67551
fe8f45a3c8a7 (Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67543
diff changeset
2636 (setq scroll-conservatively most-positive-fixnum)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2637 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2638
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
2639 @node Editing MS-DOS files, Filling paragraphs with a single space, Scrolling only one line, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2640 @section How can I edit MS-DOS files using Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2641 @cindex Editing MS-DOS files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2642 @cindex MS-DOS files, editing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2643 @cindex Microsoft files, editing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2644 @cindex Windows files, editing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2645
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2646 As of Emacs 20, detection and handling of MS-DOS (and Windows) files is
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2647 performed transparently. You can open MS-DOS files on a Unix system,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2648 edit it, and save it without having to worry about the file format.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2649
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2650 When editing an MS-DOS style file, the mode line will indicate that it
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2651 is a DOS file. On Unix and GNU/Linux systems, and also on a Macintosh,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2652 the string @samp{(DOS)} will appear near the left edge of the mode line;
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2653 on DOS and Windows, where the DOS end-of-line (EOL) format is the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2654 default, a backslash (@samp{\}) will appear in the mode line.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2655
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2656 If you are running a version of Emacs before 20.1, get @code{crypt++}
59996
aac0a33f5772 Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59713
diff changeset
2657 (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). Among other things,
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
2658 @code{crypt++} transparently modifies MS-DOS files as they are loaded
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
2659 and saved, allowing you to ignore the different conventions that Unix
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
2660 and MS-DOS have for delineating the end of a line.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2661
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
2662 @node Filling paragraphs with a single space, Escape sequences in shell output, Editing MS-DOS files, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2663 @section How can I tell Emacs to fill paragraphs with a single space after each period?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2664 @cindex One space following periods
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2665 @cindex Single space following periods
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2666 @cindex Periods, one space following
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2667
67576
79100dce8a85 * faq.texi (Filling paragraphs with a single space): No need to
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 67551
diff changeset
2668 Add the following line to your @file{.emacs} file:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2669
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2670 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2671 (setq sentence-end-double-space nil)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2672 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2673
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
2674 @node Escape sequences in shell output, , Filling paragraphs with a single space, Common requests
46655
05bd4743e434 Remove bad line break.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43966
diff changeset
2675 @section Why these strange escape sequences from @code{ls} from the Shell mode?
35651
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2676 @cindex Escape sequences in @code{ls} output
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2677 @cindex @code{ls} in Shell mode
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2678
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2679 This happens because @code{ls} is aliased to @samp{ls --color} in your
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2680 shell init file. You have two alternatives to solve this:
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2681
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2682 @itemize @bullet
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2683 @item
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2684 Make the alias conditioned on the @code{EMACS} variable in the
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2685 environment. When Emacs runs a subsidiary shell, it exports the
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2686 @code{EMACS} variable with the value @code{t} to that shell. You can
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2687 unalias @code{ls} when that happens, thus limiting the alias to your
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2688 interactive sessions.
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2689
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2690 @item
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2691 Install the @code{ansi-color} package (bundled with Emacs 21.1 and
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2692 later), which converts these ANSI escape sequences into colors.
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2693 @end itemize
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2694
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2695 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2696 @node Bugs and problems, Compiling and installing Emacs, Common requests, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2697 @chapter Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2698 @cindex Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2699
38687
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2700 The Emacs manual lists some common kinds of trouble users could get
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2701 into, see @ref{Lossage, , Dealing with Emacs Trouble, emacs, The GNU
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2702 Emacs Manual}, so you might look there if the problem you encounter
38770
4cbe0f799a15 (Bugs and problems): Fix wording.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38687
diff changeset
2703 isn't described in this chapter. If you decide you've discovered a bug,
4cbe0f799a15 (Bugs and problems): Fix wording.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38687
diff changeset
2704 see @ref{Bugs, , Reporting Bugs, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}, for
38687
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2705 instructions how to do that.
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2706
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2707 The file @file{etc/PROBLEMS} in the Emacs distribution lists various
38770
4cbe0f799a15 (Bugs and problems): Fix wording.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38687
diff changeset
2708 known problems with building and using Emacs on specific platforms;
54478
c0b7b601058f Fix help key bindings.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 52979
diff changeset
2709 type @kbd{C-h C-e} to read it.
38687
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2710
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2711 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2712 * Problems with very large files::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2713 * ^M in the shell buffer::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2714 * Shell process exits abnormally::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2715 * Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2716 * Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2717 * Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2718 * Problems talking to certain hosts::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2719 * Errors with init files::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2720 * Emacs ignores X resources::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2721 * Emacs ignores frame parameters::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2722 * Emacs takes a long time to visit files::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2723 * Editing files with $ in the name::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2724 * Shell mode loses the current directory::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2725 * Security risks with Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2726 * Dired claims that no file is on this line::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2727 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2728
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2729 @node Problems with very large files, ^M in the shell buffer, Bugs and problems, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2730 @section Does Emacs have problems with files larger than 8 megabytes?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2731 @cindex Very large files, opening
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2732 @cindex Large files, opening
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2733 @cindex Opening very large files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2734 @cindex Maximum file size
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2735 @cindex Files, maximum size
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2736
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2737 Old versions (i.e., anything before 19.29) of Emacs had problems editing
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2738 files larger than 8 megabytes. In versions 19.29 and later, the maximum
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2739 buffer size is at least 2^27-1, or 134,217,727 bytes, or 132 MBytes.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2740 And in Emacs 22, the maximum buffer size has been increased to
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2741 268,435,455 bytes (or 256 MBytes) on 32-bit machines.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2742
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2743 @node ^M in the shell buffer, Shell process exits abnormally, Problems with very large files, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2744 @section How do I get rid of @samp{^M} or echoed commands in my shell buffer?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2745 @cindex Shell buffer, echoed commands and @samp{^M} in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2746 @cindex Echoed commands in @code{shell-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2747
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2748 Try typing @kbd{M-x shell-strip-ctrl-m @key{RET}} while in @code{shell-mode} to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2749 make them go away. If that doesn't work, you have several options:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2750
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2751 For @code{tcsh}, put this in your @file{.cshrc} (or @file{.tcshrc})
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2752 file:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2753
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2754 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2755 if ($?EMACS) then
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2756 if ("$EMACS" == t) then
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2757 if ($?tcsh) unset edit
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2758 stty nl
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2759 endif
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2760 endif
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2761 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2762
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2763 Or put this in your @file{.emacs_tcsh} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2764
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2765 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2766 unset edit
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2767 stty nl
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2768 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2769
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2770 Alternatively, use @code{csh} in your shell buffers instead of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2771 @code{tcsh}. One way is:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2772
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2773 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2774 (setq explicit-shell-file-name "/bin/csh")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2775 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2776
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2777 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2778 and another is to do this in your @file{.cshrc} (or @file{.tcshrc})
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2779 file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2780
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2781 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2782 setenv ESHELL /bin/csh
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2783 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2784
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2785 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2786 (You must start Emacs over again with the environment variable properly
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2787 set for this to take effect.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2788
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2789 You can also set the @code{ESHELL} environment variable in Emacs Lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2790 with the following Lisp form,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2791
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2792 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2793 (setenv "ESHELL" "/bin/csh")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2794 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2795
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2796 The above solutions try to prevent the shell from producing the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2797 @samp{^M} characters in the first place. If this is not possible
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2798 (e.g., if you use a Windows shell), you can get Emacs to remove these
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2799 characters from the buffer by adding this to your @file{.emacs} init
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2800 file:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2801
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2802 @smalllisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2803 (add-hook 'comint-output-filter-functions 'shell-strip-ctrl-m)
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2804 @end smalllisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2805
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2806 On a related note: if your shell is echoing your input line in the shell
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2807 buffer, you might want to customize the @code{comint-process-echoes}
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2808 variable in your shell buffers, or try the following command in your
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2809 shell start-up file:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2810
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2811 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2812 stty -icrnl -onlcr -echo susp ^Z
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2813 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2814
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2815 @node Shell process exits abnormally, Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows, ^M in the shell buffer, Bugs and problems
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
2816 @section Why do I get ``Process shell exited abnormally with code 1''?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2817 @cindex Abnormal exits from @code{shell-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2818 @cindex @code{shell-mode} exits
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2819 @cindex Process shell exited
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2820
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2821 The most likely reason for this message is that the @samp{env} program
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2822 is not properly installed. Compile this program for your architecture,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2823 and install it with @samp{a+x} permission in the architecture-dependent
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2824 Emacs program directory. (You can find what this directory is at your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2825 site by inspecting the value of the variable @code{exec-directory} by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2826 typing @kbd{C-h v exec-directory @key{RET}}.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2827
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2828 You should also check for other programs named @samp{env} in your path
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2829 (e.g., SunOS has a program named @file{/usr/bin/env}). We don't
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2830 understand why this can cause a failure and don't know a general
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2831 solution for working around the problem in this case.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2832
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2833 The @samp{make clean} command will remove @samp{env} and other vital
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2834 programs, so be careful when using it.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2835
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2836 It has been reported that this sometimes happened when Emacs was started
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2837 as an X client from an xterm window (i.e., had a controlling tty) but the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2838 xterm was later terminated.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2839
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2840 See also @samp{PROBLEMS} (in the @file{etc} subdirectory of the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2841 top-level directory when you unpack the Emacs source) for other
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2842 possible causes of this message.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2843
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2844 @node Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows, Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs, Shell process exits abnormally, Bugs and problems
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2845 @section Why do I get an error message when I try to run @kbd{M-x shell}?
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2846
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2847 @cindex Shell Mode, and MS-Windows
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2848 @cindex @code{explicit-shell-file-name}
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2849 On MS-Windows, this might happen because Emacs tries to look for the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2850 shell in a wrong place. The default file name @file{/bin/sh} is
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2851 usually incorrect for non-Unix systems. If you know where your shell
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2852 executable is, set the variable @code{explicit-shell-file-name} in
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2853 your @file{.emacs} file to point to its full file name, like this:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2854
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2855 @lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2856 (setq explicit-shell-file-name "d:/shells/bash.exe")
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2857 @end lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2858
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2859 If you don't know what shell does Emacs use, try the @kbd{M-!}
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2860 command; if that works, put the following line into your
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2861 @file{.emacs}:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2862
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2863 @lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2864 (setq explicit-shell-file-name shell-file-name)
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2865 @end lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2866
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2867 @cindex Antivirus programs, and Shell Mode
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2868 Some people have trouble with Shell Mode because of intrusive
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2869 antivirus software; disabling the resident antivirus program solves
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2870 the problems in those cases.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2871
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2872 @node Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs, Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode, Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows, Bugs and problems
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
2873 @section Where is the termcap/terminfo entry for terminal type @samp{emacs}?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2874 @cindex Termcap
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2875 @cindex Terminfo
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2876 @cindex Emacs entries for termcap/terminfo
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2877
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2878 The termcap entry for terminal type @samp{emacs} is ordinarily put in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2879 the @samp{TERMCAP} environment variable of subshells. It may help in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2880 certain situations (e.g., using rlogin from shell buffer) to add an
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2881 entry for @samp{emacs} to the system-wide termcap file. Here is a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2882 correct termcap entry for @samp{emacs}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2883
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2884 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2885 emacs:tc=unknown:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2886 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2887
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2888 To make a terminfo entry for @samp{emacs}, use @code{tic} or
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2889 @code{captoinfo}. You need to generate
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2890 @file{/usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs}. It may work to simply copy
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2891 @file{/usr/lib/terminfo/d/dumb} to @file{/usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2892
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2893 Having a termcap/terminfo entry will not enable the use of full screen
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2894 programs in shell buffers. Use @kbd{M-x terminal-emulator} for that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2895 instead.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2896
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2897 A workaround to the problem of missing termcap/terminfo entries is to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2898 change terminal type @samp{emacs} to type @samp{dumb} or @samp{unknown}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2899 in your shell start up file. @code{csh} users could put this in their
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2900 @file{.cshrc} files:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2901
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2902 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2903 if ("$term" == emacs) set term=dumb
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2904 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2905
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2906 @node Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode, Problems talking to certain hosts, Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs, Bugs and problems
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
2907 @section Why does Emacs spontaneously start displaying @samp{I-search:} and beeping?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2908 @cindex Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2909 @cindex isearch-mode, spontaneous entry into
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2910 @cindex Beeping without obvious reason
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2911
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2912 Your terminal (or something between your terminal and the computer) is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2913 sending @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} for flow control, and Emacs is receiving
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2914 these characters and interpreting them as commands. (The @kbd{C-s}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2915 character normally invokes the @code{isearch-forward} command.) For
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2916 possible solutions, see @ref{Handling C-s and C-q with flow control}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2917
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2918 @node Problems talking to certain hosts, Errors with init files, Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2919 @section Why can't Emacs talk to certain hosts (or certain hostnames)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2920 @cindex Hosts, Emacs cannot talk to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2921 @cindex @code{gethostbyname}, problematic version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2922
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2923 The problem may be that Emacs is linked with a wimpier version of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2924 @code{gethostbyname} than the rest of the programs on the machine. This
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2925 is often manifested as a message on startup of ``X server not responding.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2926 Check your @samp{DISPLAY} environment variable.'' or a message of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2927 ``Unknown host'' from @code{open-network-stream}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2928
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2929 On a Sun, this may be because Emacs had to be linked with the static C
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2930 library. The version of @code{gethostbyname} in the static C library
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2931 may only look in @file{/etc/hosts} and the NIS (YP) maps, while the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2932 version in the dynamic C library may be smart enough to check DNS in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2933 addition to or instead of NIS. On a Motorola Delta running System V
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2934 R3.6, the version of @code{gethostbyname} in the standard library works,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2935 but the one that works with NIS doesn't (the one you get with -linet).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2936 Other operating systems have similar problems.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2937
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2938 Try these options:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2939
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2940 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2941
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2942 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2943 Explicitly add the host you want to communicate with to @file{/etc/hosts}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2944
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2945 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2946 Relink Emacs with this line in @file{src/config.h}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2947
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2948 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2949 #define LIBS_SYSTEM -lresolv
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2950 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2951
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2952 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2953 Replace @code{gethostbyname} and friends in @file{libc.a} with more
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2954 useful versions such as the ones in @file{libresolv.a}. Then relink
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2955 Emacs.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2956
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2957 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2958 If you are actually running NIS, make sure that @code{ypbind} is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2959 properly told to do DNS lookups with the correct command line switch.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2960
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2961 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2962
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2963 @node Errors with init files, Emacs ignores X resources, Problems talking to certain hosts, Bugs and problems
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
2964 @section Why does Emacs say @samp{Error in init file}?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2965 @cindex Error in @file{.emacs}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2966 @cindex Error in init file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2967 @cindex Init file, errors in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2968 @cindex @file{.emacs} file, errors in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2969 @cindex Debugging @file{.emacs} file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2970
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2971 An error occurred while loading either your @file{.emacs} file or the
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2972 system-wide file @file{lisp/default.el}. Emacs 21.1 and later pops the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2973 @file{*Messages*} buffer, and puts there some additional information
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2974 about the error, to provide some hints for debugging.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2975
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2976 For information on how to debug your @file{.emacs} file, see
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2977 @ref{Debugging a customization file}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2978
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2979 It may be the case that you need to load some package first, or use a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2980 hook that will be evaluated after the package is loaded. A common case
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2981 of this is explained in @ref{Terminal setup code works after Emacs has
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2982 begun}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2983
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2984 @node Emacs ignores X resources, Emacs ignores frame parameters, Errors with init files, Bugs and problems
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2985 @section Why does Emacs ignore my X resources (my .Xdefaults file)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2986 @cindex X resources being ignored
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2987 @cindex Ignored X resources
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2988 @cindex @file{.Xdefaults}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2989
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2990 As of version 19, Emacs searches for X resources in the files specified
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2991 by the following environment variables:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2992
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2993 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2994
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2995 @item @code{XFILESEARCHPATH}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2996 @item @code{XUSERFILESEARCHPATH}
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2997 @item @code{XAPPLRESDIR}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2998
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2999 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3000
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3001 This emulates the functionality provided by programs written using the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3002 Xt toolkit.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3003
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3004 @code{XFILESEARCHPATH} and @code{XUSERFILESEARCHPATH} should be a list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3005 of file names separated by colons. @code{XAPPLRESDIR} should be a list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3006 of directory names separated by colons.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3007
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3008 Emacs searches for X resources:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3009
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3010 @enumerate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3011
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3012 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3013 specified on the command line, with the @samp{-xrm RESOURCESTRING} option,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3014
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3015 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3016 then in the value of the @samp{XENVIRONMENT} environment variable,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3017
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3018 @itemize @minus
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3019
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3020 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3021 or if that is unset, in the file named
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3022 @file{~/.Xdefaults-@var{hostname}} if it exists (where @var{hostname} is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3023 the name of the machine Emacs is running on),
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3024
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3025 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3026
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3027 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3028 then in the screen-specific and server-wide resource properties provided
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3029 by the server,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3030
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3031 @itemize @minus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3032
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3033 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3034 or if those properties are unset, in the file named @file{~/.Xdefaults}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3035 if it exists,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3036
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3037 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3038
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3039 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3040 then in the files listed in @samp{XUSERFILESEARCHPATH},
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3041
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3042 @itemize @minus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3043
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3044 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3045 or in files named @file{@var{lang}/Emacs} in directories listed in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3046 @samp{XAPPLRESDIR} (where @var{lang} is the value of the @code{LANG}
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3047 environment variable), if the @samp{LANG} environment variable is set,
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3048 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3049 or in files named Emacs in the directories listed in @samp{XAPPLRESDIR}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3050 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3051 or in @file{~/@var{lang}/Emacs} (if the @code{LANG} environment variable
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3052 is set),
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3053 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3054 or in @file{~/Emacs},
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3055
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3056 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3057
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3058 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3059 then in the files listed in @code{XFILESEARCHPATH}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3060
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3061 @end enumerate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3062
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3063 @node Emacs ignores frame parameters, Emacs takes a long time to visit files, Emacs ignores X resources, Bugs and problems
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3064 @section Why don't my customizations of the frame parameters work?
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3065 @cindex Frame parameters
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3066
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3067 This probably happens because you have set the frame parameters in the
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3068 variable @code{initial-frame-alist}. That variable holds parameters
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3069 used only for the first frame created when Emacs starts. To customize
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3070 the parameters of all frames, change the variable
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3071 @code{default-frame-alist} instead.
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3072
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3073 These two variables exist because many users customize the initial frame
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3074 in a special way. For example, you could determine the position and
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3075 size of the initial frame, but would like to control the geometry of the
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3076 other frames by individually positioning each one of them.
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3077
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3078
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3079 @node Emacs takes a long time to visit files, Editing files with $ in the name, Emacs ignores frame parameters, Bugs and problems
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3080 @section Why does Emacs take 20 seconds to visit a file?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3081 @cindex Visiting files takes a long time
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3082 @cindex Delay when visiting files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3083 @cindex Files, take a long time to visit
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3084
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3085 Old versions of Emacs (i.e., versions before Emacs 20.x) often
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3086 encountered this when the master lock file, @file{!!!SuperLock!!!}, has
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3087 been left in the lock directory somehow. Delete it.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3088
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3089 @email{meuer@@geom.umn.edu, Mark Meuer} says that NeXT NFS has a bug
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3090 where an exclusive create succeeds but returns an error status. This
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3091 can cause the same problem. Since Emacs's file locking doesn't work
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3092 over NFS anyway, the best solution is to recompile Emacs with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3093 @code{CLASH_DETECTION} undefined.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3094
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3095 @node Editing files with $ in the name, Shell mode loses the current directory, Emacs takes a long time to visit files, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3096 @section How do I edit a file with a @samp{$} in its name?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3097 @cindex Editing files with @samp{$} in the name
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3098 @cindex @samp{$} in file names
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3099 @cindex File names containing @samp{$}, editing
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3100
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3101 When entering a file name in the minibuffer, Emacs will attempt to expand
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3102 a @samp{$} followed by a word as an environment variable. To suppress
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3103 this behavior, type @kbd{$$} instead.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3104
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3105 @node Shell mode loses the current directory, Security risks with Emacs, Editing files with $ in the name, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3106 @section Why does shell mode lose track of the shell's current directory?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3107 @cindex Current directory and @code{shell-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3108 @cindex @code{shell-mode} and current directory
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3109 @cindex Directory, current in @code{shell-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3110
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3111 Emacs has no way of knowing when the shell actually changes its
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3112 directory. This is an intrinsic limitation of Unix. So it tries to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3113 guess by recognizing @samp{cd} commands. If you type @kbd{cd} followed
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3114 by a directory name with a variable reference (@kbd{cd $HOME/bin}) or
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3115 with a shell metacharacter (@kbd{cd ../lib*}), Emacs will fail to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3116 correctly guess the shell's new current directory. A huge variety of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3117 fixes and enhancements to shell mode for this problem have been written
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3118 to handle this problem (@pxref{Finding a package with particular
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3119 functionality}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3120
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3121 You can tell Emacs the shell's current directory with the command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3122 @kbd{M-x dirs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3123
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3124 @node Security risks with Emacs, Dired claims that no file is on this line, Shell mode loses the current directory, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3125 @section Are there any security risks in Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3126 @cindex Security with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3127 @cindex @samp{movemail} and security
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3128 @cindex @code{file-local-variable} and security
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3129 @cindex Synthetic X events and security
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3130 @cindex X events and security
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3131
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3132 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3133
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3134 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3135 The @file{movemail} incident. (No, this is not a risk.)
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3136
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3137 In his book @cite{The Cuckoo's Egg}, Cliff Stoll describes this in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3138 chapter 4. The site at LBL had installed the @file{/etc/movemail}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3139 program setuid root. (As of version 19, @file{movemail} is in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3140 architecture-specific directory; type @kbd{C-h v exec-directory
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3141 @key{RET}} to see what it is.) Since @code{movemail} had not been
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3142 designed for this situation, a security hole was created and users could
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3143 get root privileges.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3144
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3145 @code{movemail} has since been changed so that this security hole will
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3146 not exist, even if it is installed setuid root. However,
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3147 @code{movemail} no longer needs to be installed setuid root, which
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3148 should eliminate this particular risk.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3149
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3150 We have heard unverified reports that the 1988 Internet worm took
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3151 advantage of this configuration problem.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3152
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3153 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3154 The @code{file-local-variable} feature. (Yes, a risk, but easy to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3155 change.)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3156
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3157 There is an Emacs feature that allows the setting of local values for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3158 variables when editing a file by including specially formatted text near
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3159 the end of the file. This feature also includes the ability to have
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3160 arbitrary Emacs Lisp code evaluated when the file is visited.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3161 Obviously, there is a potential for Trojan horses to exploit this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3162 feature.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3163
72014
0429cbee770a * faq.texi (Security risks with Emacs): Document Emacs 22
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 71641
diff changeset
3164 As of Emacs 22, Emacs has a list of local variables that are known to
0429cbee770a * faq.texi (Security risks with Emacs): Document Emacs 22
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 71641
diff changeset
3165 be safe to set. If a file tries to set any variable outside this
0429cbee770a * faq.texi (Security risks with Emacs): Document Emacs 22
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 71641
diff changeset
3166 list, it asks the user to confirm whether the variables should be set.
0429cbee770a * faq.texi (Security risks with Emacs): Document Emacs 22
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 71641
diff changeset
3167 You can also tell Emacs whether to allow the evaluation of Emacs Lisp
0429cbee770a * faq.texi (Security risks with Emacs): Document Emacs 22
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 71641
diff changeset
3168 code found at the bottom of files by setting the variable
0429cbee770a * faq.texi (Security risks with Emacs): Document Emacs 22
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 71641
diff changeset
3169 @code{enable-local-eval}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3170
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3171 For more information, @inforef{File Variables, File Variables, emacs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3172
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3173 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3174 Synthetic X events. (Yes, a risk; use @samp{MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1} or
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3175 better.)
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3176
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3177 Emacs accepts synthetic X events generated by the @code{SendEvent}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3178 request as though they were regular events. As a result, if you are
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3179 using the trivial host-based authentication, other users who can open X
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3180 connections to your X workstation can make your Emacs process do
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3181 anything, including run other processes with your privileges.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3182
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3183 The only fix for this is to prevent other users from being able to open
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3184 X connections. The standard way to prevent this is to use a real
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3185 authentication mechanism, such as @samp{MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1}. If using
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3186 the @code{xauth} program has any effect, then you are probably using
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3187 @samp{MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1}. Your site may be using a superior
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3188 authentication method; ask your system administrator.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3189
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3190 If real authentication is not a possibility, you may be satisfied by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3191 just allowing hosts access for brief intervals while you start your X
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3192 programs, then removing the access. This reduces the risk somewhat by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3193 narrowing the time window when hostile users would have access, but
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3194 @emph{does not eliminate the risk}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3195
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
3196 On most computers running Unix and X, you enable and disable
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3197 access using the @code{xhost} command. To allow all hosts access to
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3198 your X server, use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3199
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3200 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3201 xhost +
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3202 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3203
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3204 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3205 at the shell prompt, which (on an HP machine, at least) produces the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3206 following message:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3207
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3208 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3209 access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3210 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3211
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3212 To deny all hosts access to your X server (except those explicitly
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3213 allowed by name), use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3214
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3215 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3216 xhost -
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3217 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3218
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3219 On the test HP computer, this command generated the following message:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3220
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3221 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3222 access control enabled, only authorized clients can connect
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3223 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3224
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3225 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3226
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3227 @node Dired claims that no file is on this line, , Security risks with Emacs, Bugs and problems
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3228 @section Dired says, @samp{no file on this line} when I try to do something.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3229 @cindex Dired does not see a file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3230
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3231 @c FIXME: I think this is fixed in Emacs 21, but I didn't have time to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3232 @c check.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3233 Chances are you're using a localized version of Unix that doesn't use US
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3234 date format in dired listings. You can check this by looking at dired
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3235 listings or by typing @kbd{ls -l} to a shell and looking at the dates that
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3236 come out.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3237
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3238 Dired uses a regular expression to find the beginning of a file name.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3239 In a long Unix-style directory listing (@samp{ls -l}), the file name
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3240 starts after the date. The regexp has thus been written to look for the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3241 date, the format of which can vary on non-US systems.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3242
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3243 There are two approaches to solving this. The first one involves
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3244 setting things up so that @samp{ls -l} outputs US date format. This can
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3245 be done by setting the locale. See your OS manual for more information.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3246
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3247 The second approach involves changing the regular expression used by
66325
fda96ff4c7e5 * files.el (directory-listing-before-filename-regexp): New
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents: 65041
diff changeset
3248 dired, @code{directory-listing-before-filename-regexp}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3249
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3250 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3251 @node Compiling and installing Emacs, Finding Emacs and related packages, Bugs and problems, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3252 @chapter Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3253 @cindex Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3254
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3255 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3256 * Installing Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3257 * Updating Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3258 * Problems building Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3259 * Linking with -lX11 fails::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3260 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3261
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3262 @node Installing Emacs, Updating Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3263 @section How do I install Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3264 @cindex Installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3265 @cindex Unix systems, installing Emacs on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3266 @cindex Downloading and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3267 @cindex Retrieving and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3268 @cindex Building Emacs from source
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3269 @cindex Source code, building Emacs from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3270 @cindex Unpacking and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3271
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3272 This answer is meant for users of Unix and Unix-like systems. Users of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3273 other operating systems should see the series of questions beginning
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3274 with @ref{Emacs for MS-DOS}, which describe where to get non-Unix source
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3275 and binaries, and how to install Emacs on those systems.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3276
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3277 For Unix and Unix-like systems, the easiest way is often to compile it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3278 from scratch. You will need:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3279
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3280 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3281
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3282 @item
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3283 Emacs sources. @xref{Current GNU distributions}, for a list of ftp sites
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3284 that make them available. On @file{ftp.gnu.org}, the main GNU
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3285 distribution site, sources are available as
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3286
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3287 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/emacs-@value{VER}.tar.gz}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3288
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3289 The above will obviously change as new versions of Emacs come out. For
59996
aac0a33f5772 Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59713
diff changeset
3290 instance, when Emacs 22.42 is released, it will most probably be
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3291 available as
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3292
59996
aac0a33f5772 Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59713
diff changeset
3293 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/emacs-22.42.tar.gz}
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3294
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3295 Again, you should use one of the GNU mirror sites (see @ref{Current GNU
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3296 distributions}, and adjust the URL accordingly) so as to reduce load on
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3297 @file{ftp.gnu.org}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3298
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3299 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3300 @code{gzip}, the GNU compression utility. You can get @code{gzip} via
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3301 anonymous ftp at mirrors of @file{ftp.gnu.org} sites; it should compile
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3302 and install without much trouble on most systems. Once you have
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3303 retrieved the Emacs sources, you will probably be able to uncompress
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3304 them with the command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3305
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3306 @example
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3307 gunzip --verbose emacs-@value{VER}.tar.gz
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3308 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3309
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3310 @noindent
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3311 changing the Emacs version (@value{VER}), as necessary. Once
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3312 @code{gunzip} has finished doing its job, a file by the name of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3313 @file{emacs-@value{VER}.tar} should be in your build directory.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3314
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3315 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3316 @code{tar}, the @dfn{tape archiving} program, which moves multiple files
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3317 into and out of archive files, or @dfn{tarfiles}. All of the files
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3318 comprising the Emacs source come in a single tarfile, and must be
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3319 extracted using @code{tar} before you can build Emacs. Typically, the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3320 extraction command would look like
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3321
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3322 @example
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3323 tar -xvvf emacs-@value{VER}.tar
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3324 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3325
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3326 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3327 The @samp{x} indicates that we want to extract files from this tarfile,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3328 the two @samp{v}s force verbose output, and the @samp{f} tells
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3329 @code{tar} to use a disk file, rather than one on the tape drive.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3330
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3331 If you're using GNU @code{tar} (available at mirrors of
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3332 @file{ftp.gnu.org}), you can combine this step and the previous one by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3333 using the command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3334
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3335 @example
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3336 tar -zxvvf emacs-@value{VER}.tar.gz
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3337 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3338
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3339 @noindent
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3340 The additional @samp{z} at the beginning of the options list tells GNU
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3341 @code{tar} to uncompress the file with @code{gunzip} before extracting
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3342 the tarfile's components.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3343
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3344 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3345
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3346 At this point, the Emacs sources (all 70+ megabytes of them) should be
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3347 sitting in a directory called @file{emacs-@value{VER}}. On most common
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3348 Unix and Unix-like systems, you should be able to compile Emacs (with X
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3349 Window system support) with the following commands:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3350
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3351 @example
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3352 cd emacs-@value{VER} # change directory to emacs-@value{VER}
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3353 ./configure # configure Emacs for your particular system
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3354 make # use Makefile to build components, then Emacs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3355 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3356
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3357 If the @code{make} completes successfully, the odds are fairly good that
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3358 the build has gone well. (@xref{Problems building Emacs}, if you weren't
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3359 successful.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3360
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3361 By default, Emacs is installed in the following directories:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3362
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3363 @table @file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3364 @item /usr/local/bin
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3365 binaries.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3366
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3367 @item /usr/local/share/emacs/@value{VER}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3368 Lisp code and support files.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3369
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3370 @item /usr/local/info
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3371 Info documentation.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3372 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3373
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3374 To install files in those default directories, become the superuser and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3375 type
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3376
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3377 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3378 make install
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3379 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3380
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3381 Note that @samp{make install} will overwrite @file{/usr/local/bin/emacs}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3382 and any Emacs Info files that might be in @file{/usr/local/info}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3383
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3384 Much more verbose instructions (with many more hints and suggestions)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3385 come with the Emacs sources, in the file @file{INSTALL}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3386
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3387 @node Updating Emacs, Problems building Emacs, Installing Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3388 @section How do I update Emacs to the latest version?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3389 @cindex Updating Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3390
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3391 @xref{Installing Emacs}, and follow the instructions there for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3392 installation.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3393
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3394 Most files are placed in version-specific directories. Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3395 @value{VER}, for instance, places files in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3396 @file{/usr/local/share/emacs/@value{VER}}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3397
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3398 Upgrading should overwrite only, @file{/usr/local/bin/emacs} (the Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3399 binary) and documentation in @file{/usr/local/info}. Back up these
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3400 files before you upgrade, and you shouldn't have too much trouble.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3401
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3402 @node Problems building Emacs, Linking with -lX11 fails, Updating Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3403 @section What should I do if I have trouble building Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3404 @cindex Problems building Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3405 @cindex Errors when building Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3406
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3407 First look in the file @file{etc/PROBLEMS} (where you unpack the Emacs
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3408 source) to see if there is already a solution for your problem. Next,
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3409 look for other questions in this FAQ that have to do with Emacs
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3410 installation and compilation problems.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3411
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3412 If you'd like to have someone look at your problem and help solve it,
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3413 see @ref{Help installing Emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3414
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3415 If you cannot find a solution in the documentation, send a message to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3416 @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3417
37806
8da84c32ff29 Avoid overfull hboxes.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37597
diff changeset
3418 Please don't post it to @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help} or send e-mail to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3419 @email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org}. For further guidelines, see
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3420 @ref{Guidelines for newsgroup postings} and @ref{Reporting bugs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3421
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3422 @node Linking with -lX11 fails, , Problems building Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3423 @section Why does linking Emacs with -lX11 fail?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3424 @cindex Linking with -lX11 fails
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3425 @cindex lX11, linking fails with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3426
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3427 Emacs needs to be linked with the static version of the X11 library,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3428 @file{libX11.a}. This may be missing.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3429
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3430 On OpenWindows, you may need to use @code{add_services} to add the
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3431 ``OpenWindows Programmers'' optional software category from the CD-ROM.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3432
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3433 On HP-UX 8.0, you may need to run @code{update} again to load the
72101
c7e4f78b81a6 Move periods and commas inside quotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72014
diff changeset
3434 X11-PRG ``fileset.'' This may be missing even if you specified ``all
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3435 filesets'' the first time. If @file{libcurses.a} is missing, you may
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3436 need to load the ``Berkeley Development Option.''
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3437
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3438 @email{zoo@@armadillo.com, David Zuhn} says that MIT X builds shared
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3439 libraries by default, and only shared libraries, on those platforms that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3440 support them. These shared libraries can't be used when undumping
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3441 @code{temacs} (the last stage of the Emacs build process). To get
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3442 regular libraries in addition to shared libraries, add this to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3443 @file{site.cf}:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3444
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3445 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3446 #define ForceNormalLib YES
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3447 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3448
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3449 Other systems may have similar problems. You can always define
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3450 @code{CANNOT_DUMP} and link with the shared libraries instead.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3451
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3452 @cindex X Menus don't work
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3453 To get the Xmenu stuff to work, you need to find a copy of MIT's
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3454 @file{liboldX.a}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3455
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3456 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3457 @node Finding Emacs and related packages, Major packages and programs, Compiling and installing Emacs, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3458 @chapter Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3459 @cindex Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3460
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3461 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3462 * Finding Emacs on the Internet::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3463 * Finding a package with particular functionality::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3464 * Packages that do not come with Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3465 * Current GNU distributions::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3466 * Difference between Emacs and XEmacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3467 * Emacs for MS-DOS::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3468 * Emacs for Windows::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3469 * Emacs for OS/2::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3470 * Emacs for Atari ST::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3471 * Emacs for the Amiga ::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3472 * Emacs for NeXTSTEP::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3473 * Emacs for Apple computers::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3474 * Emacs for VMS and DECwindows::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3475 * Modes for various languages::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3476 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3477
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3478 @node Finding Emacs on the Internet, Finding a package with particular functionality, Finding Emacs and related packages, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3479 @section Where can I get Emacs on the net (or by snail mail)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3480 @cindex Finding Emacs on the Internet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3481 @cindex Snail mail, ordering Emacs via
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3482 @cindex Postal service, ordering Emacs via
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3483 @cindex Distribution, retrieving Emacs
46918
82d113655734 Minor spelling and grammar corrections.
Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>
parents: 46655
diff changeset
3484 @cindex Internet, retrieving from
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3485
51449
352a8000c437 Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 50954
diff changeset
3486 Look in the files @file{etc/DISTRIB} and @file{etc/FTP} for
352a8000c437 Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 50954
diff changeset
3487 information on nearby archive sites. If you don't already have Emacs,
352a8000c437 Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 50954
diff changeset
3488 see @ref{Informational files for Emacs}, for how to get these files.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3489
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3490 @xref{Installing Emacs}, for information on how to obtain and build the latest
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3491 version of Emacs, and see @ref{Current GNU distributions}, for a list of
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3492 archive sites that make GNU software available.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3493
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3494 @node Finding a package with particular functionality, Packages that do not come with Emacs, Finding Emacs on the Internet, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3495 @section How do I find a Emacs Lisp package that does XXX?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3496 @cindex Package, finding
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3497 @cindex Finding an Emacs Lisp package
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3498 @cindex Functionality, finding a particular package
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3499
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3500 First of all, you should check to make sure that the package isn't
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3501 already available. For example, typing @kbd{M-x apropos @key{RET}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3502 wordstar @key{RET}} lists all functions and variables containing the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3503 string @samp{wordstar}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3504
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3505 It is also possible that the package is on your system, but has not been
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3506 loaded. To see which packages are available for loading, look through
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3507 your computer's lisp directory (@pxref{File-name conventions}). The Lisp
36344
6c3540ec3c12 (Finding a package with particular functionality):
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36301
diff changeset
3508 source to most packages contains a short description of how they
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3509 should be loaded, invoked, and configured---so before you use or
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3510 modify a Lisp package, see if the author has provided any hints in the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3511 source code.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3512
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3513 The command @kbd{C-h p} (@code{finder-by-keyword}) allows you to browse
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3514 the constituent Emacs packages.
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3515
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3516 For advice on how to find extra packages that are not part of Emacs,
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3517 see @ref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}.
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3518
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3519 @node Packages that do not come with Emacs, Current GNU distributions, Finding a package with particular functionality, Finding Emacs and related packages
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3520 @section Where can I get Emacs Lisp packages that don't come with Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3521 @cindex Unbundled packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3522 @cindex Finding other packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3523 @cindex Lisp packages that do not come with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3524 @cindex Packages, those that do not come with Emacs
50791
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3525 @cindex Emacs Lisp List
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3526 @cindex Emacs Lisp Archive
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3527
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3528 @uref{http://www.anc.ed.ac.uk/~stephen/emacs/ell.html, The Emacs Lisp
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3529 List (ELL)}, maintained by @email{stephen@@anc.ed.ac.uk, Stephen Eglen},
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3530 aims to provide one compact list with links to all of the current Emacs
70501
b31d4dcfe813 (Using regular expressions): Fix typo.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69693
diff changeset
3531 Lisp files on the Internet. The ELL can be browsed over the web, or
59996
aac0a33f5772 Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59713
diff changeset
3532 from Emacs with @uref{http://www.anc.ed.ac.uk/~stephen/emacs/ell.el,
50791
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3533 the @file{ell} package}.
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3534
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3535 Many authors post their packages to the @uref{news:gnu.emacs.sources,
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3536 Emacs sources newsgroup}. You can search the archives of this
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
3537 group with @uref{http://groups.google.com/group/gnu.emacs.sources, Google},
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
3538 or @uref{http://dir.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.sources, Gmane}, for example.
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3539
50791
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3540 Several packages are stored in
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3541 @uref{http://emacswiki.org/elisp/, the Lisp area of the Emacs Wiki}.
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3542
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3543 For a long time, the Emacs Lisp Archive provided a central repository
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3544 for Emacs packages. Sadly, it has not been active for some time,
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3545 although you can still access the old files at
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3546
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
3547 @uref{http://www.club.cc.cmu.edu/pub/gnu/elisp-archive/}
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3548
69133
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
3549 Read the file @file{etc/MORE.STUFF} for more information about
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
3550 external packages.
1c9e76acce59 (Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 69129
diff changeset
3551
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3552 @node Current GNU distributions, Difference between Emacs and XEmacs, Packages that do not come with Emacs, Finding Emacs and related packages
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3553 @section Where can I get other up-to-date GNU stuff?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3554 @cindex Current GNU distributions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3555 @cindex Sources for current GNU distributions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3556 @cindex Stuff, current GNU
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3557 @cindex Up-to-date GNU stuff
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3558 @cindex Finding current GNU software
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3559 @cindex Official GNU software sites
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3560
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3561 The most up-to-date official GNU software is normally kept at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3562
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3563 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3564
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3565 Read the files @file{etc/DISTRIB} and @file{etc/FTP} for more
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3566 information.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3567
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3568 A list of sites mirroring @samp{ftp.gnu.org} can be found at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3569
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3570 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/ftp.html}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3571
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3572 @node Difference between Emacs and XEmacs, Emacs for MS-DOS, Current GNU distributions, Finding Emacs and related packages
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3573 @section What is the difference between Emacs and XEmacs (formerly Lucid Emacs)?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3574 @cindex XEmacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3575 @cindex Difference Emacs and XEmacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3576 @cindex Lucid Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3577 @cindex Epoch
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3578
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3579 XEmacs is a branch version of Emacs. It was first called Lucid Emacs,
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3580 and was initially derived from a prerelease version of Emacs 19. In
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3581 this FAQ, we use the name ``Emacs'' only for the official version.
56795
8dc694fe14f2 (Difference between Emacs and XEmacs): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56757
diff changeset
3582
8dc694fe14f2 (Difference between Emacs and XEmacs): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56757
diff changeset
3583 Emacs and XEmacs each come with Lisp packages that are lacking in the
8dc694fe14f2 (Difference between Emacs and XEmacs): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56757
diff changeset
3584 other. The two versions have some significant differences at the Lisp
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3585 programming level. Their current features are roughly comparable,
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3586 though the support for some operating systems, character sets and
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3587 specific packages might be quite different.
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3588
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3589 Some XEmacs code has been contributed to Emacs, and we would like to
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3590 use other parts, but the earlier XEmacs maintainers did not always
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3591 keep track of the authors of contributed code, which makes it
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3592 impossible for the FSF to get copyright papers signed for that code.
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3593 (The FSF requires these papers for all the code included in the Emacs
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3594 release, aside from generic C support packages that retain their
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3595 separate identity and are not integrated into the code of Emacs
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3596 proper.)
56802
f306b2e60578 (Difference between Emacs and XEmacs):
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56795
diff changeset
3597
f306b2e60578 (Difference between Emacs and XEmacs):
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56795
diff changeset
3598 If you want to talk about these two versions and distinguish them,
f306b2e60578 (Difference between Emacs and XEmacs):
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56795
diff changeset
3599 please call them ``Emacs'' and ``XEmacs.'' To contrast ``XEmacs''
f306b2e60578 (Difference between Emacs and XEmacs):
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56795
diff changeset
3600 with ``GNU Emacs'' would be misleading, since XEmacs too has its
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3601 origin in the work of the GNU Project. Terms such as ``Emacsen'' and
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3602 ``(X)Emacs'' are not wrong, but they are not very clear, so it
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3603 is better to write ``Emacs and XEmacs.''
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3604
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3605 @node Emacs for MS-DOS, Emacs for Windows, Difference between Emacs and XEmacs, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3606 @section Where can I get Emacs for my PC running MS-DOS?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3607 @cindex MS-DOS, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3608 @cindex DOS, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3609 @cindex Compiling Emacs for DOS
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3610 @cindex Emacs for MS-DOS
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3611 @cindex Tools needed to compile Emacs under DOS
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3612
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3613 A pre-built binary distribution of Emacs is available from the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3614 SimTel.NET archives. This version apparently works under MS-DOS and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3615 Windows (3.X, 9X, ME, NT, and 2000) and supports long file names under
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3616 Windows 9X, Windows ME, and Windows 2000. More information is available
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3617 from
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3618
56833
3e8b1ce2675a (Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 56817
diff changeset
3619 @uref{ftp://ftp.delorie.com/pub/djgpp/current/v2gnu/emacs.README}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3620
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3621 The binary itself is available in the files @file{em*.zip} in the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3622 directory
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3623
56833
3e8b1ce2675a (Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 56817
diff changeset
3624 @uref{ftp://ftp.delorie.com/pub/djgpp/current/v2gnu/}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3625
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3626 If you prefer to compile Emacs for yourself, you can do so with the
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3627 current distribution directly. You will need a 386 (or
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3628 better) processor, and to be running MS-DOS 3.0 or later. According to
56833
3e8b1ce2675a (Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 56817
diff changeset
3629 @email{eliz@@gnu.org, Eli Zaretskii} and
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3630 @email{hankedr@@dms.auburn.edu, Darrel Hankerson}, you will need the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3631 following:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3632
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3633 @table @emph
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3634
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3635 @item Compiler
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3636 DJGPP version 1.12 maint 1 or later. Djgpp 2.0 or later is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3637 recommended, since 1.x is very old an unmaintained. Djgpp 2 supports
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3638 long file names on Windows 9X/ME/2K.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3639
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3640 You can get the latest release of DJGPP by retrieving all of
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3641 the files in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3642
56833
3e8b1ce2675a (Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 56817
diff changeset
3643 @uref{ftp://ftp.delorie.com/pub/djgpp/current/v2*}
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3644
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3645 @item Unpacking program
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3646 The easiest way is to use @code{djtar} which comes with DJGPP v2.x,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3647 because it can open gzip'ed tarfiles (i.e., those ending with
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3648 @file{.tar.gz}) in one step. @code{Djtar} comes in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3649 @file{djdev@var{nnn}.zip} archive (where @var{nnn} is the DJGPP version
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3650 number), from the URL mentioned above.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3651
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3652 @strong{Warning!} Do @strong{not} use the popular WinZip program to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3653 unpack the Emacs distribution! WinZip is known to corrupt some of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3654 files by converting them to the DOS CR-LF format, it doesn't always
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3655 preserve the directory structure recorded in the compressed Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3656 archive, and commits other atrocities. Some of these problems could
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3657 actually prevent Emacs from building successfully!
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3658
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3659 @item make, mv, sed, and rm
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3660 All of these utilities are available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3661
56833
3e8b1ce2675a (Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 56817
diff changeset
3662 @uref{ftp://ftp.delorie.com/pub/djgpp/current/v2gnu}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3663
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3664 16-bit utilities can be found in GNUish, at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3665
48785
08b94ecd1d08 Fix URLs.
Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz>
parents: 47737
diff changeset
3666 @uref{http://www.simtel.net/pub/gnuish/}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3667
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3668 @noindent
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3669 (@code{mv} and @code{rm} are in the Fileutils package, @code{sed} and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3670 @code{make} are each one in a separate package named after them.)
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3671
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3672 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3673
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3674 The files @file{INSTALL} (near its end) and @file{etc/PROBLEMS} in the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3675 directory of the Emacs sources contains some additional information
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3676 regarding Emacs under MS-DOS.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3677
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3678 For a list of other MS-DOS implementations of Emacs (and Emacs
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3679 look-alikes), consult the list of ``Emacs implementations and literature,''
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3680 available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3681
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3682 @uref{ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.emacs/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3683
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3684 Note that while many of these programs look similar to Emacs, they often
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3685 lack certain features, such as the Emacs Lisp extension language.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3686
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3687 @node Emacs for Windows, Emacs for OS/2, Emacs for MS-DOS, Finding Emacs and related packages
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
3688 @section Where can I get Emacs for Microsoft Windows?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3689 @cindex FAQ for NT Emacs
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3690 @cindex Emacs for MS-Windows
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3691 @cindex Microsoft Windows, Emacs for
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3692 @cindex Windows 9X, ME, NT, 2K, and CE, Emacs for
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3693
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3694 For information on Emacs for Windows 95 and NT, read the FAQ produced by
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
3695 @email{voelker@@cs.washington.edu, Geoff Voelker} and currently maintained
71381
a453a1e7a2ba changed my email-id
Ramprasad B <ramprasad_i82@yahoo.com>
parents: 70507
diff changeset
3696 by @email{ramprasad@@gnu.org, Ramprasad B}, available at
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3697
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3698 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/windows/ntemacs.html}
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3699
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3700 @xref{Emacs for MS-DOS}, for Windows 3.1.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3701
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3702 A port of Emacs 20.7 for Windows CE, based on NTEmacs, is available at
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3703
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3704 @uref{http://www.rainer-keuchel.de/software.html}
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3705
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3706 @noindent
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3707 This port was done by @email{coyxc@@rainer-keuchel.de, Rainer Keuchel},
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3708 and supports all Emacs features except async subprocesses and menus.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3709 You will need MSVC 6.0 and a Windows CE SDK to build this port.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3710
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3711 @node Emacs for OS/2, Emacs for Atari ST, Emacs for Windows, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3712 @section Where can I get Emacs for my PC running OS/2?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3713 @cindex OS/2, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3714
35061
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3715 Emacs 20.6 is ported for emx on OS/2 2.0 or 2.1, and is available at
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3716
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
3717 @uref{ftp://hobbes.nmsu.edu/pub/os2/apps/editors/emacs/}
35061
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3718
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3719 @noindent
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3720 and also at
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3721
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
3722 @uref{http://www.dotemacs.de/os2/emacs.html}
35061
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3723
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3724 Instructions for installation, basic setup, and other useful information
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3725 for OS/2 users of Emacs can be found at
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3726
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
3727 @uref{http://home.snafu.de/ohei/emacs/emacs206-os2.html}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3728
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3729 @node Emacs for Atari ST, Emacs for the Amiga , Emacs for OS/2, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3730 @section Where can I get Emacs for my Atari ST?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3731 @cindex Atari ST, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3732 @cindex TOS, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3733
68836
f410cdb3c7e1 (Emacs for Atari ST): use Sch@"auble instead of
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents: 68735
diff changeset
3734 Roland Sch@"auble reports that Emacs 18.58 running on plain TOS and MiNT
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3735 is available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3736 @uref{ftp://atari.archive.umich.edu/Editors/Emacs-18-58/1858b-d3.zoo}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3737
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3738 @node Emacs for the Amiga , Emacs for NeXTSTEP, Emacs for Atari ST, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3739 @section Where can I get Emacs for my Amiga?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3740 @cindex Amiga, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3741
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3742 The files you need are available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3743
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3744 @uref{ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/pub/aminet/util/gnu/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3745
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3746 @email{dgilbert@@gamiga.guelphnet.dweomer.org, David Gilbert} has released a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3747 beta version of Emacs 19.25 for the Amiga. You can get the binary at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3748
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3749 @uref{ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/pub/aminet/util/gnu/a2.0bEmacs-bin.lha}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3750
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3751 @node Emacs for NeXTSTEP, Emacs for Apple computers, Emacs for the Amiga , Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3752 @section Where can I get Emacs for NeXTSTEP?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3753 @cindex NeXTSTEP, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3754
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3755 Emacs.app is a NeXTSTEP version of Emacs 19.34 which supports colors,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3756 menus, and multiple frames. You can get it from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3757
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
3758 @uref{ftp://next-ftp.peak.org/pub/next-ftp/next/apps/emacs/Emacs_for_NeXTstep.4.20a1.NIHS.b.tar.gz}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3759
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3760 @node Emacs for Apple computers, Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Emacs for NeXTSTEP, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3761 @section Where can I get Emacs for my Apple computer?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3762 @cindex Apple computers, Emacs for
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3763 @cindex Macintosh, Emacs for
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3764
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3765 Beginning with version 21.1, the Macintosh is supported in the official
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3766 Emacs distribution; see the files @file{mac/README} and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3767 @file{mac/INSTALL} in the Emacs distribution for build instructions.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3768
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
3769 Beginning with version 22.1, Emacs supports Mac OS X natively.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3770
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3771 @node Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Modes for various languages, Emacs for Apple computers, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3772 @section Where do I get Emacs that runs on VMS under DECwindows?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3773 @cindex DECwindows, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3774 @cindex VMS, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3775
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3776 Up-to-date information about GNU software (including Emacs) for VMS is
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
3777 available at @uref{http://www.lp.se/gnu-vms/}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3778
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
3779 @node Modes for various languages, , Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Finding Emacs and related packages
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3780 @section Where can I get modes for Lex, Yacc/Bison, Bourne shell, csh, C@t{++}, Objective-C, Pascal, Java, and Awk?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3781 @cindex Awk, mode for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3782 @cindex @code{awk-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3783 @cindex Bison, mode for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3784 @cindex Bourne Shell, mode for
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3785 @cindex C@t{++}, mode for
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3786 @cindex Java, mode for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3787 @cindex Lex mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3788 @cindex Objective-C, mode for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3789 @cindex @code{pascal-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3790 @cindex Shell mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3791 @cindex Yacc mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3792 @cindex @file{csh} mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3793 @cindex @code{sh-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3794 @cindex @code{cc-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3795
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3796 Most of these modes are now available in standard Emacs distribution.
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3797 To get additional modes, see @ref{Finding a package with particular
59996
aac0a33f5772 Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59713
diff changeset
3798 functionality}.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3799
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3800 Barry Warsaw's @code{cc-mode} now works for C, C@t{++}, Objective-C, and
50791
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3801 Java code. It is distributed with Emacs, but has
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3802 @uref{http://cc-mode.sourceforge.net/, its own homepage}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3803
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3804 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3805 @node Major packages and programs, Key bindings, Finding Emacs and related packages, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3806 @chapter Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3807 @cindex Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3808
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3809 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3810 * VM::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3811 * Supercite::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3812 * Calc::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3813 * VIPER::
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3814 * AUCTeX::
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3815 * BBDB::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3816 * Ispell::
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
3817 * Emacs/W3::
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3818 * EDB::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3819 * Mailcrypt::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3820 * JDE::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3821 * Patch::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3822 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3823
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3824 @node VM, Supercite, Major packages and programs, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3825 @section VM (View Mail) --- another mail reader within Emacs, with MIME support
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3826 @cindex VM
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3827 @cindex Alternative mail software
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3828 @cindex View Mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3829 @cindex E-mail reader, VM
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3830
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3831 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3832
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3833 @item Author
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3834 @email{kyle_jones@@wonderworks.com, Kyle Jones}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3835
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3836 @item Latest version
68657
e0aafc27ed28 (VM): VM now at version 7.19.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 68639
diff changeset
3837 7.19
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3838
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3839 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3840 @uref{ftp://ftp.wonderworks.com/pub/vm/vm.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3841
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3842 @item Informational newsgroup
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3843 @uref{news:gnu.emacs.vm.info}@*
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3844
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3845 @item Bug reports newsgroup
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3846 @uref{news:gnu.emacs.vm.bug}@*
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3847 Or send reports to @email{bug-vm@@wonderworks.com}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3848 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3849
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3850 VM 7 works well with Emacs 21. Older versions of VM suitable for use
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3851 with older versions of Emacs are available from
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3852 @uref{ftp://ftp.wonderworks.com/pub/vm/, the same FTP site}.
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3853
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3854
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3855 @node Supercite, Calc, VM, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3856 @section Supercite --- mail and news citation package within Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3857 @cindex Supercite
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3858 @cindex Superyank
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3859 @cindex Mail and news citations
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3860 @cindex News and mail citations
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3861 @cindex Citations in mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3862
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3863 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3864
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3865 @item Author
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3866 @email{barry@@python.org, Barry Warsaw}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3867
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3868 @item Latest version
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3869 3.54 (comes bundled with Emacs since version 20)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3870
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3871 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3872 @uref{http://www.python.org/emacs/supercite.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3873
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3874 @item Mailing list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3875 Subscription requests to @email{supercite-request@@python.org}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3876 Submissions @email{supercite@@python.org}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3877
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3878 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3879
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3880 Superyank is an old version of Supercite.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3881
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3882 @node Calc, VIPER, Supercite, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3883 @section Calc --- poor man's Mathematica within Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3884 @cindex Programmable calculator
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3885 @cindex Calc
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3886 @cindex Mathematical package
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3887
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3888 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3889
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3890 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3891 @email{daveg@@csvax.cs.caltech.edu, Dave Gillespie}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3892
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3893 @item Latest version
67543
afe4c3f8dfeb (Calc): Update the version number.
Jay Belanger <jay.p.belanger@gmail.com>
parents: 67483
diff changeset
3894 2.1 (part of Emacs since version 22.1)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3895
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3896 @item Distribution
56757
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3897 No separate distribution outside of Emacs. Older versions
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3898 are available at @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/calc/}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3899
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3900 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3901
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3902 Note that Calc 2.02f needs patching to work with Emacs 21 and later.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3903
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3904 @cindex @code{calculator}, a package
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3905 Emacs 21.1 and later comes with a package called @file{calculator.el}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3906 It doesn't support all the mathematical wizardry offered by Calc, such
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3907 as matrices, special functions, and statistics, but is more than
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3908 adequate as a replacement for @code{xcalc} and similar programs.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3909
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3910 @node VIPER, AUCTeX, Calc, Major packages and programs
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3911 @section VIPER --- @code{vi} emulation for Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3912 @cindex @code{vi} emulation
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3913 @cindex VIPER
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3914 @cindex Emulation of @code{vi}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3915
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3916 Since Emacs 19.29, the preferred @code{vi} emulation in Emacs is VIPER
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3917 (@kbd{M-x viper-mode @key{RET}}), which comes with Emacs. It extends
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3918 and supersedes VIP (including VIP 4.3) and provides @code{vi} emulation
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3919 at several levels, from one that closely follows @code{vi} to one that
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3920 departs from @code{vi} in several significant ways.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3921
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3922 For Emacs 19.28 and earlier, the following version of VIP is generally
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3923 better than the one distributed with Emacs:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3924
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3925 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3926 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3927 @email{sane@@cs.uiuc.edu, Aamod Sane}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3928
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3929 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3930 4.3
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3931
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3932 @item Distribution
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
3933 @uref{ftp://www.club.cc.cmu.edu/pub/gnu/elisp-archive/modes/vip-mode.tar.Z}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3934
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3935 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3936
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3937 @node AUCTeX, BBDB, VIPER, Major packages and programs
56757
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3938 @section AUC@TeX{} --- enhanced @TeX{} modes with debugging facilities
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3939 @cindex Mode for @TeX{}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3940 @cindex @TeX{} mode
56757
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3941 @cindex AUC@TeX{} mode for editing @TeX{}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3942 @cindex Writing and debugging @TeX{}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3943
56757
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3944 AUC@TeX{} is a set of sophisticated major modes for @TeX{}, LaTeX,
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3945 ConTeXt, and Texinfo offering context-sensitive syntax highlighting,
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3946 indentation, formatting and folding, macro completion, @TeX{} shell
67691
5e3db5999d74 (AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 67576
diff changeset
3947 functionality, and debugging. Be also sure to check out
5e3db5999d74 (AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 67576
diff changeset
3948 @ref{Introduction, RefTeX, Introduction, reftex, Ref@TeX{} User Manual}.
5e3db5999d74 (AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 67576
diff changeset
3949 Current versions of AUC@TeX{} include the
5e3db5999d74 (AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 67576
diff changeset
3950 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/auctex/preview-latex,preview-latex}
5e3db5999d74 (AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 67576
diff changeset
3951 package for WYSIWYG previews of various LaTeX constructs in the Emacs
5e3db5999d74 (AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 67576
diff changeset
3952 source buffer.
56757
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3953
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3954 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3955
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3956 @item Authors
56757
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3957 @email{krab@@iesd.auc.dk, Kresten Krab Thorup}, @*
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3958 @email{abraham@@dina.kvl.dk, Per Abrahamsen}, @* and others.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3959
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3960 @item Maintainer
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3961 @email{dak@@gnu.org, David Kastrup}
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3962
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3963 @item Latest version
67691
5e3db5999d74 (AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 67576
diff changeset
3964 11.82
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3965
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3966 @item Distribution
56757
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3967 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/auctex/}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3968
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3969 @item Web site
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3970 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/auctex/}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3971
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3972 @item Mailing list:
67691
5e3db5999d74 (AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 67576
diff changeset
3973 Subscription requests to @email{auctex-request@@gnu.org}@*
5e3db5999d74 (AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 67576
diff changeset
3974 Submissions to @email{auctex@@gnu.org}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3975
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3976 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3977
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3978 @node BBDB, Ispell, AUCTeX, Major packages and programs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3979 @section BBDB --- personal Info Rolodex integrated with mail/news readers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3980 @cindex BBDB
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3981 @cindex Rolodex-like functionality
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3982 @cindex Integrated contact database
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3983 @cindex Contact database
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3984 @cindex Big Brother Database
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3985 @cindex Address book
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3986
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3987 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3988
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3989 @item Maintainer
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3990 @email{waider@@waider.ie, Ronan Waide}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3991
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3992 @item Latest version
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3993 2.34
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3994
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3995 @item Distribution
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3996 @uref{http://bbdb.sourceforge.net/}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3997
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3998 @item Mailing lists
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3999 Subscription requests to @email{bbdb-info-request@@lists.sourceforge.net}@*
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4000 Submissions to @email{bbdb-info@@lists.sourceforge.net}@*
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4001 Release announcements: @email{bbdb-announce-request@@lists.sourceforge.net}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4002
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4003 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4004
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4005 @node Ispell, Emacs/W3, BBDB, Major packages and programs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4006 @section Ispell --- spell checker in C with interface for Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4007 @cindex Spell-checker
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4008 @cindex Checking spelling
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4009 @cindex Ispell
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4010
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4011 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4012
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4013 @item Author
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4014 @email{geoff@@cs.hmc.edu, Geoff Kuenning}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4015
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4016 @item Latest version
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4017 3.3.02
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4018
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4019 @item Distribution
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4020 @uref{http://fmg-www.cs.ucla.edu/geoff/tars/ispell-3.3.02.tar.gz}@*
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4021
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4022 @item Web site
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4023 @uref{http://fmg-www.cs.ucla.edu/geoff/ispell.html}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4024
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4025 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4026
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4027 This Ispell program is distinct from GNU Ispell 4.0. GNU Ispell 4.0 is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4028 no longer a supported product.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4029
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4030 @node Emacs/W3, EDB, Ispell, Major packages and programs
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4031 @section Emacs/W3 --- A World Wide Web browser inside of Emacs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4032 @cindex WWW browser
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4033 @cindex Web browser
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4034 @cindex HTML browser in Emacs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4035 @cindex @code{w3-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4036
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4037 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4038
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4039 @item Author
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4040 @email{wmperry@@gnu.org, Bill Perry}
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4041
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4042 @item Maintainer
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4043 Emacs/W3 needs a maintainer. It has lain dormant for several years. If
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4044 you would like to take over the project, please contact
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4045 @email{maintainers@@gnu.org}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4046
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4047 @item Latest version
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4048 4.0pre.47
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4049
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4050 @item Distribution
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4051 @uref{http://savannah.gnu.org/projects/w3}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4052
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4053 @item Mailing lists
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4054 Receive announcements from @email{w3-announce@@gnu.org}@*
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4055 Help to develop Emacs/W3 at @email{w3-dev@@gnu.org}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4056
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4057 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4058
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4059 @node EDB, Mailcrypt, Emacs/W3, Major packages and programs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4060 @section EDB --- Database program for Emacs; replaces forms editing modes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4061 @cindex EDB
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4062 @cindex Database
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4063 @cindex Forms mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4064
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4065 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4066 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4067 @email{mernst@@theory.lcs.mit.edu, Michael Ernst}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4068
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4069 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4070 1.21
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4071
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4072 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4073 @uref{ftp://theory.lcs.mit.edu/pub/emacs/edb}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4074
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4075 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4076
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4077 @node Mailcrypt, JDE, EDB, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4078 @section Mailcrypt --- PGP interface within Emacs mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4079 @cindex PGP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4080 @cindex GPG
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4081 @cindex Interface to PGP from Emacs mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4082 @cindex News, interface to PGP from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4083 @cindex Mail, interface to PGP from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4084 @cindex Encryption software, interface to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4085
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4086 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4087
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4088 @item Authors
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4089 @email{patl@@lcs.mit.edu, Patrick J. LoPresti} and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4090 @email{jin@@atype.com, Jin S. Choi}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4091
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4092 @item Maintainer
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4093 @email{warner-mailcrypt@@lothar.com, Brian Warner}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4094
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4095 @item Latest version
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4096 3.5.8
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4097
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4098 @item Distribution
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4099 @uref{http://dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/mailcrypt/mailcrypt-3.5.8.tar.gz}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4100
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4101 @item Web site
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4102 @uref{http://mailcrypt.sourceforge.net/}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4103
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4104 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4105
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4106 Note that a new package called PGG is bundled with Emacs starting with
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4107 version 22.1. It is a modern interface to various PGP implementations,
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4108 including @uref{http://www.gnupg.org/, The GNU Privacy Guard} and
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4109 supports symmetric encryption.
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4110
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4111 @node JDE, Patch, Mailcrypt, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4112 @section JDE --- Integrated development environment for Java
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4113 @cindex Java development environment
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4114 @cindex Integrated Java development environment
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4115 @cindex JDE
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4116
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4117 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4118
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4119 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4120 @email{paulk@@mathworks.com, Paul Kinnucan}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4121
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4122 @item Latest version
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4123 2.3.5
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4124
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4125 @item Web site
69693
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4126 @uref{http://jdee.sunsite.dk/}
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4127
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4128 @item Mailing lists
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4129 Subscription requests to @email{jde-subscribe@@sunsite.dk}@*
a897d613866b (Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 69681
diff changeset
4130 Receive announcements from @email{jde-announce-subscribe@@sunsite.dk}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4131
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4132 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4133
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4134 @node Patch, , JDE, Major packages and programs
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
4135 @section Patch --- program to apply ``diffs'' for updating files
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4136 @cindex Updating files with diffs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4137 @cindex Patching source files with diffs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4138 @cindex Diffs and patching
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4139 @cindex @file{patch}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4140
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4141 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4142
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4143 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4144 @email{lwall@@wall.org, Larry Wall} (with GNU modifications)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4145
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4146 @item Latest version
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4147 2.5.4
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4148
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4149 @item Distribution
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
4150 @xref{Current GNU distributions}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4151
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4152 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4153
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4154 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4155 @node Key bindings, Alternate character sets, Major packages and programs, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4156 @chapter Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4157 @cindex Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4158
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4159 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4160 * Binding keys to commands::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4161 * Invalid prefix characters::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4162 * Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4163 * Using function keys under X::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4164 * Working with function and arrow keys::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4165 * X key translations for Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4166 * Handling C-s and C-q with flow control::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4167 * Binding C-s and C-q::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4168 * Backspace invokes help::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4169 * stty and Backspace key::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4170 * Swapping keys::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4171 * Producing C-XXX with the keyboard::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4172 * No Meta key::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4173 * No Escape key::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4174 * Compose Character::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4175 * Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4176 * Meta key does not work in xterm::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4177 * ExtendChar key does not work as Meta::
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4178 * SPC no longer completes file names::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4179 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4180
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4181 @node Binding keys to commands, Invalid prefix characters, Key bindings, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4182 @section How do I bind keys (including function keys) to commands?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4183 @cindex Binding keys to commands
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4184 @cindex Keys, binding to commands
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4185 @cindex Commands, binding keys to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4186
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4187 Keys can be bound to commands either interactively or in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4188 @file{.emacs} file. To interactively bind keys for all modes, type
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4189 @kbd{M-x global-set-key @key{RET} @var{key} @var{cmd} @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4190
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4191 To bind a key just in the current major mode, type @kbd{M-x
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4192 local-set-key @key{RET} @var{key} @var{cmd} @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4193
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4194 @inforef{Key Bindings, Key Bindings, emacs}, for further details.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4195
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4196 To make the process of binding keys interactively easier, use the
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4197 following ``trick'': First bind the key interactively, then immediately
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4198 type @kbd{C-x @key{ESC} @key{ESC} C-a C-k C-g}. Now, the command needed
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4199 to bind the key is in the kill ring, and can be yanked into your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4200 @file{.emacs} file. If the key binding is global, no changes to the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4201 command are required. For example,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4202
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4203 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4204 (global-set-key (quote [f1]) (quote help-for-help))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4205 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4206
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4207 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4208 can be placed directly into the @file{.emacs} file. If the key binding is
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
4209 local, the command is used in conjunction with the @samp{add-hook} function.
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
4210 For example, in TeX mode, a local binding might be
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4211
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4212 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4213 (add-hook 'tex-mode-hook
28344
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4214 (lambda ()
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4215 (local-set-key (quote [f1]) (quote help-for-help))))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4216 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4217
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4218
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4219 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4220
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4221 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4222 Control characters in key sequences, in the form yanked from the kill
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4223 ring are given in their graphic form---i.e., @key{CTRL} is shown as
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4224 @samp{^}, @key{TAB} as a set of spaces (usually 8), etc. You may want
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4225 to convert these into their vector or string forms.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4226
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4227 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4228 If a prefix key of the character sequence to be bound is already
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4229 bound as a complete key, then you must unbind it before the new
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4230 binding. For example, if @kbd{ESC @{} is previously bound:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4231
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4232 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4233 (global-unset-key [?\e ?@{]) ;; or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4234 (local-unset-key [?\e ?@{])
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4235 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4236
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4237 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4238 Aside from commands and ``lambda lists,'' a vector or string also
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4239 can be bound to a key and thus treated as a macro. For example:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4240
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4241 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4242 (global-set-key [f10] [?\C-x?\e?\e?\C-a?\C-k?\C-g]) ;; or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4243 (global-set-key [f10] "\C-x\e\e\C-a\C-k\C-g")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4244 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4245
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4246 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4247
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4248 @node Invalid prefix characters, Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun, Binding keys to commands, Key bindings
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
4249 @section Why does Emacs say @samp{Key sequence XXX uses invalid prefix characters}?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4250 @cindex Prefix characters, invalid
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4251 @cindex Invalid prefix characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4252 @cindex Misspecified key sequences
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4253
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4254 Usually, one of two things has happened. In one case, the control
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4255 character in the key sequence has been misspecified (e.g. @samp{C-f}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4256 used instead of @samp{\C-f} within a Lisp expression). In the other
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4257 case, a @dfn{prefix key} in the keystroke sequence you were trying to bind
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4258 was already bound as a @dfn{complete key}. Historically, the @samp{ESC [}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4259 prefix was usually the problem, in which case you should evaluate either
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4260 of these forms before attempting to bind the key sequence:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4261
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4262 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4263 (global-unset-key [?\e ?[]) ;; or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4264 (global-unset-key "\e[")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4265 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4266
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4267 @node Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun, Using function keys under X, Invalid prefix characters, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4268 @section Why doesn't this [terminal or window-system setup] code work in my @file{.emacs} file, but it works just fine after Emacs starts up?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4269 @cindex Terminal setup code in @file{.emacs}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4270
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4271 During startup, Emacs initializes itself according to a given code/file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4272 order. If some of the code executed in your @file{.emacs} file needs to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4273 be postponed until the initial terminal or window-system setup code has
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4274 been executed but is not, then you will experience this problem (this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4275 code/file execution order is not enforced after startup).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4276
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4277 To postpone the execution of Emacs Lisp code until after terminal or
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4278 window-system setup, treat the code as a @dfn{lambda list} and set the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4279 value of either the @code{term-setup-hook} or @code{window-setup-hook}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4280 variable to this lambda function. For example,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4281
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4282 @lisp
28344
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4283 (add-hook 'term-setup-hook
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4284 (lambda ()
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4285 (when (string-match "\\`vt220" (or (getenv "TERM") ""))
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4286 ;; Make vt220's "Do" key behave like M-x:
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4287 (global-set-key [do] 'execute-extended-command))))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4288 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4289
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4290 For information on what Emacs does every time it is started, see the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4291 @file{lisp/startup.el} file.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4292
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4293 @node Using function keys under X, Working with function and arrow keys, Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun, Key bindings
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
4294 @section How do I use function keys under X?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4295 @cindex Function keys
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
4296 @cindex X Window System and function keys
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4297 @cindex Binding function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4298
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
4299 With Emacs 19, functions keys under X are bound like any other key. @xref{Binding keys to commands}, for details.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4300
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4301 @node Working with function and arrow keys, X key translations for Emacs, Using function keys under X, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4302 @section How do I tell what characters or symbols my function or arrow keys emit?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4303 @cindex Working with arrow keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4304 @cindex Arrow keys, symbols generated by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4305 @cindex Working with function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4306 @cindex Function keys, symbols generated by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4307 @cindex Symbols generated by function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4308
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4309 Type @kbd{C-h c} then the function or arrow keys. The command will
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4310 return either a function key symbol or character sequence (see the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4311 Emacs on-line documentation for an explanation). This works for other
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4312 keys as well.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4313
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4314 @node X key translations for Emacs, Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Working with function and arrow keys, Key bindings
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4315 @section How do I set the X key ``translations'' for Emacs?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4316 @cindex X key translations
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4317 @cindex Key translations under X
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4318 @cindex Translations for keys under X
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4319
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4320 Emacs is not written using the Xt library by default, so there are no
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4321 ``translations'' to be set. (We aren't sure how to set such translations
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4322 if you do build Emacs with Xt; please let us know if you've done this!)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4323
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4324 The only way to affect the behavior of keys within Emacs is through
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4325 @code{xmodmap} (outside Emacs) or @code{define-key} (inside Emacs). The
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4326 @code{define-key} command should be used in conjunction with the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4327 @code{function-key-map} map. For instance,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4328
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4329 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4330 (define-key function-key-map [M-@key{TAB}] [?\M-\t])
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4331 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4332
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4333 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4334 defines the @kbd{M-@key{TAB}} key sequence.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4335
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4336 @node Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q, X key translations for Emacs, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4337 @section How do I handle @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} being used for flow control?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4338 @cindex Flow control, @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4339 @cindex @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} with flow control
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4340
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4341 @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} are used in the XON/XOFF flow control protocol.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4342 This messes things up when you're using Emacs over a serial line,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4343 because Emacs binds these keys to commands by default. Because Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4344 won't honor them as flow control characters, too many of these
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4345 characters are not passed on and overwhelm output buffers. Sometimes,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4346 intermediate software using XON/XOFF flow control will prevent Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4347 from ever seeing @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4348
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4349 Possible solutions:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4350
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4351 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4352
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4353 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4354 Disable the use of @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} for flow control.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4355
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4356 You need to determine the cause of the flow control.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4357
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4358 @itemize @minus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4359
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4360 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4361 your terminal
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4362
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4363 Your terminal may use XON/XOFF flow control to have time to display
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4364 all the characters it receives. For example, VT series terminals do
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4365 this. It may be possible to turn this off from a setup menu. For
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4366 example, on a VT220 you may select ``No XOFF'' in the setup menu. This
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4367 is also true for some terminal emulation programs on PCs.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4368
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4369 When you turn off flow control at the terminal, you will also need to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4370 turn it off at the other end, which might be at the computer you are
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4371 logged in to or at some terminal server in between.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4372
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4373 If you turn off flow control, characters may be lost; using a printer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4374 connected to the terminal may fail. You may be able to get around
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4375 this problem by modifying the @samp{termcap} entry for your terminal to
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4376 include extra NUL padding characters.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4377
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4378 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4379 a modem
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4380
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4381 If you are using a dialup connection, the modems may be using
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4382 XON/XOFF flow control. It's not clear how to get around this.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4383
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4384 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4385 a router or terminal server
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4386
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4387 Some network box between the terminal and your computer may be using
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4388 XON/XOFF flow control. It may be possible to make it use some other
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4389 kind of flow control. You will probably have to ask your local
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4390 network experts for help with this.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4391
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4392 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4393 @code{tty} and/or @code{pty} devices
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4394
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4395 If your connection to Emacs goes through multiple @code{tty} and/or
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4396 @code{pty} devices, they may be using XON/XOFF flow control even when it
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4397 is not necessary.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4398
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4399 @email{eirik@@theory.tn.cornell.edu, Eirik Fuller} writes:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4400
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4401 @quotation
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4402 Some versions of @code{rlogin} (and possibly @code{telnet}) do not pass
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4403 flow control characters to the remote system to which they connect. On
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4404 such systems, Emacs on the remote system cannot disable flow control on
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4405 the local system. Sometimes @samp{rlogin -8} will avoid this problem.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4406
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4407 One way to cure this is to disable flow control on the local host (the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4408 one running @code{rlogin}, not the one running @code{rlogind}) using the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4409 @code{stty} command, before starting the @code{rlogin} process. On many
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4410 systems, @samp{stty start u stop u} will do this.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4411
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4412 Some versions of @samp{tcsh} will prevent even this from working. One
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4413 way around this is to start another shell before starting rlogin,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4414 and issue the @samp{stty} command to disable flow control from that shell.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4415 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4416
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4417 Use @samp{stty -ixon} instead of @samp{stty start u stop u} on some systems.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4418
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4419 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4420
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4421 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4422 Make Emacs speak the XON/XOFF flow control protocol.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4423
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4424 You can make Emacs treat @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} as flow control characters by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4425 evaluating the form
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4426
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4427 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4428 (enable-flow-control)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4429 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4430
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4431 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4432 to unconditionally enable flow control or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4433
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4434 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4435 (enable-flow-control-on "vt100" "h19")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4436 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4437
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4438 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4439 (using your terminal names instead of @samp{vt100} or @samp{h19}) to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4440 enable selectively. These commands will automatically swap @kbd{C-s}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4441 and @kbd{C-q} to @kbd{C-\} and @kbd{C-^}. Variables can be used to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4442 change the default swap keys (@code{flow-control-c-s-replacement} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4443 @code{flow-control-c-q-replacement}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4444
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4445 If you are fixing this for yourself, simply put the form in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4446 @file{.emacs} file. If you are fixing this for your entire site, the
37597
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4447 best place to put it is in the @file{site-lisp/site-start.el} file.
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4448 (Here @file{site-lisp} is actually a subdirectory of your Emacs
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4449 installation directory, typically @file{/usr/local/share/emacs}.)
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4450 Putting this form in @file{site-lisp/default.el} has the problem that
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4451 if the user's @file{.emacs} file has an error, this will prevent
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4452 @file{default.el} from being loaded and Emacs may be unusable for the
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4453 user, even for correcting their @file{.emacs} file (unless they're
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4454 smart enough to move it to another name).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4455
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4456 @code{enable-flow-control} can be invoked interactively as well:
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4457 @kbd{M-x enable-flow-control @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4458
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4459 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4460
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4461 For further discussion of this issue, read the file @file{etc/PROBLEMS}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4462 (in the Emacs source directory when you unpack the Emacs distribution).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4463
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4464 @node Binding C-s and C-q, Backspace invokes help, Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4465 @section How do I bind @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} (or any key) if these keys are filtered out?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4466 @cindex Binding @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4467 @cindex @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}, binding
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4468
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4469 To bind @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}, use either @code{enable-flow-control}
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4470 or @code{enable-flow-control-on}. @xref{Handling C-s and C-q with flow
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
4471 control}, for usage and implementation details.
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
4472
37597
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4473 To bind other keys, use @code{keyboard-translate}. @xref{Swapping
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4474 keys}, for usage details. To do this for an entire site, you should
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4475 swap the keys in @file{site-lisp/site-start.el}. @xref{Handling C-s
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4476 and C-q with flow control}, for an explanation of why
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4477 @file{site-lisp/default.el} should not be used.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4478
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4479 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4480
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4481 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4482 If you do this for an entire site, the users will be confused by
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4483 the disparity between what the documentation says and how Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4484 actually behaves.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4485
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4486 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4487
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4488 @node Backspace invokes help, stty and Backspace key, Binding C-s and C-q, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4489 @section Why does the @key{Backspace} key invoke help?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4490 @cindex Backspace key invokes help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4491 @cindex Help invoked by Backspace
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4492 @cindex DEL key does not delete
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4493
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
4494 The @key{Backspace} key (on most keyboards) generates @acronym{ASCII} code 8.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4495 @kbd{C-h} sends the same code. In Emacs by default @kbd{C-h} invokes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4496 help-command. This is intended to be easy to remember since the first
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4497 letter of @samp{help} is @samp{h}. The easiest solution to this problem
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4498 is to use @kbd{C-h} (and @key{Backspace}) for help and @key{DEL} (the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4499 @key{Delete} key) for deleting the previous character.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4500
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4501 For many people this solution may be problematic:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4502
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4503 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4504
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4505 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4506 They normally use @key{Backspace} outside of Emacs for deleting the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4507 previous character. This can be solved by making @key{DEL} the command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4508 for deleting the previous character outside of Emacs. On many Unix
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4509 systems, this command will remap @key{DEL}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4510
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4511 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4512 stty erase `^?'
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4513 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4514
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4515 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4516 The user may prefer the @key{Backspace} key for deleting the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4517 previous character because it is more conveniently located on their
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4518 keyboard or because they don't even have a separate @key{Delete} key.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4519 In this case, the @key{Backspace} key should be made to behave like
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4520 @key{Delete}. There are several methods.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4521
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4522 @itemize @minus
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4523 @item
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4524 Some terminals (e.g., VT3## terminals) and terminal emulators (e.g.,
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4525 TeraTerm) allow the character generated by the @key{Backspace} key to be
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4526 changed from a setup menu.
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4527
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4528 @item
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4529 You may be able to get a keyboard that is completely programmable, or a
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4530 terminal emulator that supports remapping of any key to any other key.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4531
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4532 @item
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4533 With Emacs 21.1 and later, you can control the effect of the
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4534 @key{Backspace} and @key{Delete} keys, on both dumb terminals and a
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4535 windowed displays, by customizing the option
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4536 @code{normal-erase-is-backspace-mode}, or by invoking @kbd{M-x
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4537 normal-erase-is-backspace}. See the documentation of these symbols
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4538 (@pxref{Emacs Lisp documentation}) for more info.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4539
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4540 @item
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4541 It is possible to swap the @key{Backspace} and @key{DEL} keys inside
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4542 Emacs:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4543
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4544 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4545 (keyboard-translate ?\C-h ?\C-?)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4546 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4547
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4548 @noindent
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4549 This is the recommended method of forcing @key{Backspace} to act as
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4550 @key{DEL}, because it works even in modes which bind @key{DEL} to
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4551 something other than @code{delete-backward-char}.
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4552
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4553 Similarly, you could remap @key{DEL} to act as @kbd{C-d}, which by
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4554 default deletes forward:
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4555
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4556 @lisp
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4557 (keyboard-translate ?\C-? ?\C-d)
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4558 @end lisp
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4559
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4560 @xref{Swapping keys}, for further details about @code{keyboard-translate}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4561
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4562 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4563 Another approach is to switch key bindings and put help on @kbd{C-x h}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4564 instead:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4565
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4566 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4567 (global-set-key "\C-h" 'delete-backward-char)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4568
71612
77266daa9ec9 Use ;; instead of ;;; to better follow coding conventions.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 71381
diff changeset
4569 ;; overrides mark-whole-buffer
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4570 (global-set-key "\C-xh" 'help-command)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4571 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4572
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4573 @noindent
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4574 This method is not recommended, though: it only solves the problem for
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4575 those modes which bind @key{DEL} to @code{delete-backward-char}. Modes
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4576 which bind @key{DEL} to something else, such as @code{view-mode}, will
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4577 not work as you expect when you press the @key{Backspace} key. For this
42674
19880a4faa73 Fix typo.
Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz>
parents: 40705
diff changeset
4578 reason, we recommend the @code{keyboard-translate} method, shown
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4579 above.
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4580
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4581 Other popular key bindings for help are @kbd{M-?} and @kbd{C-x ?}.
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4582 @end itemize
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4583
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4584 Don't try to bind @key{DEL} to @code{help-command}, because there are
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4585 many modes that have local bindings of @key{DEL} that will interfere.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4586
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4587 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4588
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4589 When Emacs 21 or later runs on a windowed display, it binds the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4590 @key{Delete} key to a command which deletes the character at point, to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4591 make Emacs more consistent with keyboard operation on these systems.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4592
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4593 For more information about troubleshooting this problem, see @ref{DEL
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4594 Does Not Delete, , If @key{DEL} Fails to Delete, emacs, The GNU Emacs
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4595 Manual}.
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4596
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4597 @node stty and Backspace key, Swapping keys, Backspace invokes help, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4598 @section Why doesn't Emacs look at the @file{stty} settings for @key{Backspace} vs. @key{Delete}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4599 @cindex @file{stty} and Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4600 @cindex Backspace and @file{stty}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4601 @cindex Delete and @file{stty}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4602
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4603 Good question!
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4604
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4605 @c FIXME: RMS explained the reasons for this on emacs-hackers. It's
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4606 @c probably worth putting that explanation here.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4607
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4608 @node Swapping keys, Producing C-XXX with the keyboard, stty and Backspace key, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4609 @section How do I swap two keys?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4610 @cindex Swapping keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4611 @cindex Keys, swapping
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4612 @cindex @code{keyboard-translate}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4613
65032
863e660c91bd (Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64917
diff changeset
4614 You can swap two keys (or key sequences) by using the
863e660c91bd (Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64917
diff changeset
4615 @code{keyboard-translate} function. For example, to turn @kbd{C-h}
863e660c91bd (Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64917
diff changeset
4616 into @key{DEL} and @key{DEL} to @kbd{C-h}, use
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4617
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4618 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4619 (keyboard-translate ?\C-h ?\C-?) ; translate `C-h' to DEL
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4620 (keyboard-translate ?\C-? ?\C-h) ; translate DEL to `C-h'.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4621 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4622
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4623 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4624 The first key sequence of the pair after the function identifies what is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4625 produced by the keyboard; the second, what is matched for in the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4626 keymaps.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4627
65032
863e660c91bd (Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64917
diff changeset
4628 However, in the specific case of @kbd{C-h} and @key{DEL}, you should
863e660c91bd (Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64917
diff changeset
4629 toggle @code{normal-erase-is-backspace-mode} instead of calling
66325
fda96ff4c7e5 * files.el (directory-listing-before-filename-regexp): New
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents: 65041
diff changeset
4630 @code{keyboard-translate}. @inforef{DEL Does Not Delete, DEL Does Not Delete,
65032
863e660c91bd (Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64917
diff changeset
4631 emacs}.
863e660c91bd (Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64917
diff changeset
4632
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4633 Keyboard translations are not the same as key bindings in keymaps.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4634 Emacs contains numerous keymaps that apply in different situations, but
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4635 there is only one set of keyboard translations, and it applies to every
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4636 character that Emacs reads from the terminal. Keyboard translations
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4637 take place at the lowest level of input processing; the keys that are
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4638 looked up in keymaps contain the characters that result from keyboard
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4639 translation.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4640
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4641 @node Producing C-XXX with the keyboard, No Meta key, Swapping keys, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4642 @section How do I produce C-XXX with my keyboard?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4643 @cindex Producing control characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4644 @cindex Generating control characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4645 @cindex Control characters, generating
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4646
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
4647 On terminals (but not under X), some common ``aliases'' are:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4648
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4649 @table @asis
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4650
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4651 @item @kbd{C-2} or @kbd{C-@key{SPC}}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4652 @kbd{C-@@}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4653
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4654 @item @kbd{C-6}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4655 @kbd{C-^}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4656
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4657 @item @kbd{C-7} or @kbd{C-S--}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4658 @kbd{C-_}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4659
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4660 @item @kbd{C-4}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4661 @kbd{C-\}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4662
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4663 @item @kbd{C-5}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4664 @kbd{C-]}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4665
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4666 @item @kbd{C-/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4667 @kbd{C-?}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4668
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4669 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4670
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4671 Often other aliases exist; use the @kbd{C-h c} command and try
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4672 @key{CTRL} with all of the digits on your keyboard to see what gets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4673 generated. You can also try the @kbd{C-h w} command if you know the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4674 name of the command.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4675
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4676 @node No Meta key, No Escape key, Producing C-XXX with the keyboard, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4677 @section What if I don't have a @key{Meta} key?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4678 @cindex No @key{Meta} key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4679 @cindex @key{Meta} key, what to do if you lack it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4680
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4681 On many keyboards, the @key{Alt} key acts as @key{Meta}, so try it.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4682
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4683 Instead of typing @kbd{M-a}, you can type @kbd{@key{ESC} a}. In fact,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4684 Emacs converts @kbd{M-a} internally into @kbd{@key{ESC} a} anyway
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4685 (depending on the value of @code{meta-prefix-char}). Note that you
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4686 press @key{Meta} and @key{a} together, but with @key{ESC}, you press
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4687 @key{ESC}, release it, and then press @key{a}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4688
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4689 @node No Escape key, Compose Character, No Meta key, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4690 @section What if I don't have an @key{Escape} key?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4691 @cindex No Escape key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4692 @cindex Lacking an Escape key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4693 @cindex Escape key, lacking
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4694
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
4695 Type @kbd{C-[} instead. This should send @acronym{ASCII} code 27 just like an
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4696 Escape key would. @kbd{C-3} may also work on some terminal (but not
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4697 under X). For many terminals (notably DEC terminals) @key{F11}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4698 generates @key{ESC}. If not, the following form can be used to bind it:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4699
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4700 @lisp
71612
77266daa9ec9 Use ;; instead of ;;; to better follow coding conventions.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 71381
diff changeset
4701 ;; F11 is the documented ESC replacement on DEC terminals.
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4702 (define-key function-key-map [f11] [?\e])
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4703 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4704
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4705 @node Compose Character, Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys, No Escape key, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4706 @section Can I make my @key{Compose Character} key behave like a @key{Meta} key?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4707 @cindex @key{Compose Character} key, using as @key{Meta}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4708 @cindex @key{Meta}, using @key{Compose Character} for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4709
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4710 On a dumb terminal such as a VT220, no. It is rumored that certain
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4711 VT220 clones could have their @key{Compose} key configured this way. If
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4712 you're using X, you might be able to do this with the @code{xmodmap}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4713 command.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4714
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4715 @node Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys, Meta key does not work in xterm, Compose Character, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4716 @section How do I bind a combination of modifier key and function key?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4717 @cindex Modifiers and function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4718 @cindex Function keys and modifiers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4719 @cindex Binding modifiers and function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4720
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4721 With Emacs 19 and later, you can represent modified function keys in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4722 vector format by adding prefixes to the function key symbol. For
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4723 example (from the on-line documentation):
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4724
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4725 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4726 (global-set-key [?\C-x right] 'forward-page)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4727 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4728
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4729 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4730 where @samp{?\C-x} is the Lisp character constant for the character @kbd{C-x}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4731
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4732 You can use the modifier keys @key{Control}, @key{Meta}, @key{Hyper},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4733 @key{Super}, @key{Alt}, and @key{Shift} with function keys. To
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4734 represent these modifiers, prepend the strings @samp{C-}, @samp{M-},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4735 @samp{H-}, @samp{s-}, @samp{A-}, and @samp{S-} to the symbol name. Here
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4736 is how to make @kbd{H-M-RIGHT} move forward a word:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4737
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4738 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4739 (global-set-key [H-M-right] 'forward-word)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4740 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4741
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4742 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4743
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4744 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4745 Not all modifiers are permitted in all situations. @key{Hyper},
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4746 @key{Super}, and @key{Alt} are not available on Unix character
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
4747 terminals. Non-@acronym{ASCII} keys and mouse events (e.g. @kbd{C-=} and
36515
9df3f07f2643 Fix case convention for mouse click.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36383
diff changeset
4748 @kbd{Mouse-1}) also fall under this category.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4749
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4750 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4751
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
4752 @xref{Binding keys to commands}, for general key binding instructions.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4753
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4754 @node Meta key does not work in xterm, ExtendChar key does not work as Meta, Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys, Key bindings
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4755 @section Why doesn't my @key{Meta} key work in an @code{xterm} window?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4756 @cindex @key{Meta} key and @code{xterm}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4757 @cindex Xterm and @key{Meta} key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4758
68712
06cc8b33cde0 * faq.texi (Meta key does not work in xterm)
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 68657
diff changeset
4759 @inforef{Unibyte Mode, Single-Byte Character Set Support, emacs}.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4760
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4761 If the advice in the Emacs manual fails, try all of these methods before
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4762 asking for further help:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4763
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4764 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4765
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4766 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4767 You may have big problems using @code{mwm} as your window manager.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4768 (Does anyone know a good generic solution to allow the use of the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4769 @key{Meta} key in Emacs with @file{mwm}?)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4770
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4771 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4772 For X11: Make sure it really is a @key{Meta} key. Use @code{xev} to
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4773 find out what keysym your @key{Meta} key generates. It should be either
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
4774 @code{Meta_L} or @code{Meta_R}. If it isn't, use @file{xmodmap} to fix
39551
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4775 the situation. If @key{Meta} does generate @code{Meta_L} or
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
4776 @code{Meta_R}, but @kbd{M-x} produces a non-@acronym{ASCII} character, put this in
39551
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4777 your @file{~/.Xdefaults} file:
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4778
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4779 @example
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4780 XTerm*eightBitInput: false
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4781 XTerm*eightBitOutput: true
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4782 @end example
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4783
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4784 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4785 Make sure the @code{pty} the @code{xterm} is using is passing 8 bit
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4786 characters. @samp{stty -a} (or @samp{stty everything}) should show
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4787 @samp{cs8} somewhere. If it shows @samp{cs7} instead, use @samp{stty
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4788 cs8 -istrip} (or @samp{stty pass8}) to fix it.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4789
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4790 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4791 If there is an @code{rlogin} connection between @code{xterm} and Emacs, the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4792 @samp{-8} argument may need to be given to rlogin to make it pass all 8 bits
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4793 of every character.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4794
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4795 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4796 If Emacs is running on Ultrix, it is reported that evaluating
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4797 @code{(set-input-mode t nil)} helps.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4798
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4799 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4800 If all else fails, you can make @code{xterm} generate @kbd{@key{ESC} W} when
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4801 you type @kbd{M-W}, which is the same conversion Emacs would make if it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4802 got the @kbd{M-W} anyway. In X11R4, the following resource
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4803 specification will do this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4804
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4805 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4806 XTerm.VT100.EightBitInput: false
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4807 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4808
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4809 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4810 (This changes the behavior of the @code{insert-eight-bit} action.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4811
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4812 With older @code{xterm}s, you can specify this behavior with a translation:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4813
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4814 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4815 XTerm.VT100.Translations: #override \
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4816 Meta<KeyPress>: string(0x1b) insert()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4817 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4818
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4819 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4820 You might have to replace @samp{Meta} with @samp{Alt}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4821
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4822 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4823
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4824 @node ExtendChar key does not work as Meta, SPC no longer completes file names, Meta key does not work in xterm, Key bindings
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4825 @section Why doesn't my @key{ExtendChar} key work as a @key{Meta} key under HP-UX 8.0 and 9.x?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4826 @cindex @key{ExtendChar} key as @key{Meta}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4827 @cindex @key{Meta}, using @key{ExtendChar} for
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4828 @cindex HP-UX, the @key{ExtendChar} key
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4829
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4830 This is a result of an internationalization extension in X11R4 and the
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4831 fact that HP is now using this extension. Emacs assumes that the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4832 @code{XLookupString} function returns the same result regardless of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4833 @key{Meta} key state which is no longer necessarily true. Until Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4834 is fixed, the temporary kludge is to run this command after each time
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4835 the X server is started but preferably before any xterm clients are:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4836
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4837 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4838 xmodmap -e 'remove mod1 = Mode_switch'
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4839 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4840
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4841 @c FIXME: Emacs 21 supports I18N in X11; does that mean that this bug is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4842 @c solved?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4843
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4844 This will disable the use of the extra keysyms systemwide, which may be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4845 undesirable if you actually intend to use them.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4846
69129
23ad987a0092 (Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 68950
diff changeset
4847 @node SPC no longer completes file names, , ExtendChar key does not work as Meta, Key bindings
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4848 @section Why doesn't SPC complete file names anymore?
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4849 @cindex @kbd{SPC} file name completion
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4850
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4851 Starting with Emacs 22.1, @kbd{SPC} no longer completes file names in
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4852 the minibuffer, so that file names with embedded spaces could be typed
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4853 without the need to quote the spaces.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4854
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4855 You can get the old behavior by binding @kbd{SPC} to
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4856 @code{minibuffer-complete-word} in the minibuffer, as follows:
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4857
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4858 @lisp
68712
06cc8b33cde0 * faq.texi (Meta key does not work in xterm)
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 68657
diff changeset
4859 (define-key minibuffer-local-filename-completion-map (kbd "SPC")
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4860 'minibuffer-complete-word)
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4861
68712
06cc8b33cde0 * faq.texi (Meta key does not work in xterm)
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 68657
diff changeset
4862 (define-key minibuffer-local-must-match-filename-map (kbd "SPC")
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4863 'minibuffer-complete-word)
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4864 @end lisp
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4865
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4866 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4867 @node Alternate character sets, Mail and news, Key bindings, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4868 @chapter Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4869 @cindex Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4870
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4871 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4872 * Emacs does not display 8-bit characters::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4873 * Inputting eight-bit characters::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4874 * Kanji and Chinese characters::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4875 * Right-to-left alphabets::
72374
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4876 * How to add fonts::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4877 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4878
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4879 @node Emacs does not display 8-bit characters, Inputting eight-bit characters, Alternate character sets, Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4880 @section How do I make Emacs display 8-bit characters?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4881 @cindex Displaying eight-bit characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4882 @cindex Eight-bit characters, displaying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4883
68712
06cc8b33cde0 * faq.texi (Meta key does not work in xterm)
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 68657
diff changeset
4884 @inforef{Unibyte Mode, Single-byte Character Set
36842
654b53bab583 Change "character terminal" to "text-only terminal".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36515
diff changeset
4885 Support, emacs}. On a Unix, when Emacs runs on a text-only terminal
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4886 display or is invoked with @samp{emacs -nw}, you typically need to use
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4887 @code{set-terminal-coding-system} to tell Emacs what the terminal can
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4888 display, even after setting the language environment; otherwise
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
4889 non-@acronym{ASCII} characters will display as @samp{?}. On other operating
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4890 systems, such as MS-DOS and MS-Windows, Emacs queries the OS about the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4891 character set supported by the display, and sets up the required
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4892 terminal coding system automatically.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4893
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4894 @node Inputting eight-bit characters, Kanji and Chinese characters, Emacs does not display 8-bit characters, Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4895 @section How do I input eight-bit characters?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4896 @cindex Entering eight-bit characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4897 @cindex Eight-bit characters, entering
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4898 @cindex Input, 8-bit characters
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4899
28127
ce57565effde Fix copyright lines.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27352
diff changeset
4900 Various methods are available for input of eight-bit characters. See
68712
06cc8b33cde0 * faq.texi (Meta key does not work in xterm)
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 68657
diff changeset
4901 @inforef{Unibyte Mode, Single-byte Character Set
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4902 Support, emacs}. For more sophisticated methods, @inforef{Input
28127
ce57565effde Fix copyright lines.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27352
diff changeset
4903 Methods, Input Methods, emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4904
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4905 @node Kanji and Chinese characters, Right-to-left alphabets, Inputting eight-bit characters, Alternate character sets
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4906 @section Where can I get an Emacs that handles kanji, Chinese, or other Far-Eastern character sets?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4907 @cindex Kanji, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4908 @cindex Chinese, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4909 @cindex Japanese, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4910 @cindex Korean, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4911
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4912 Emacs 20 and later includes many of the features of MULE, the MULtilingual
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4913 Enhancement to Emacs. @xref{Installing Emacs}, for information on where
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4914 to find and download the latest version of Emacs.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4915
72374
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4916 @node Right-to-left alphabets, How to add fonts, Kanji and Chinese characters, Alternate character sets
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4917 @section Where is an Emacs that can handle Semitic (right-to-left) alphabets?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4918 @cindex Right-to-left alphabets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4919 @cindex Hebrew, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4920 @cindex Semitic alphabets
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4921 @cindex Arabic alphabets
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4922
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4923 Emacs 20 and later supports Hebrew characters (ISO 8859-8), but does not
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4924 yet support right-to-left character entry and display.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4925
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4926 @email{joel@@exc.com, Joel M. Hoffman} has written a Lisp package called
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4927 @file{hebrew.el} that allows right-to-left editing of Hebrew. It
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4928 reportedly works out of the box with Emacs 19, but requires patches for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4929 Emacs 18. Write to Joel if you want the patches or package.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4930
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4931 @c FIXME: Should we mention Ehud Karni's package?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4932
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4933 @file{hebrew.el} requires a Hebrew screen font, but no other hardware support.
36515
9df3f07f2643 Fix case convention for mouse click.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36383
diff changeset
4934 Joel has a screen font for PCs running MS-DOS or GNU/Linux.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4935
72374
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4936 You might also try querying @code{archie} for files named with
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4937 @file{hebrew}; several ftp sites in Israel may also have the necessary
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4938 files.
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4939
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4940 @node How to add fonts, , Right-to-left alphabets, Alternate character sets
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4941 @section How do I add fonts for use with Emacs?
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4942 @cindex add fonts for use with Emacs
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4943 @cindex intlfonts
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4944
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4945 First, download and install the BDF font files and any auxiliary
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4946 packages they need. The GNU Intlfonts distribution can be found on
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4947 @uref{http://directory.fsf.org/localization/intlfonts.html, the GNU
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4948 Software Directory Web site}.
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4949
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4950 Next, if you are on X Window system, issue the following two commands
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4951 from the shell's prompt:
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4952
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4953 @example
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4954 xset +fp /usr/local/share/emacs/fonts
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4955 xset fp rehash
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4956 @end example
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4957
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4958 @noindent
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4959 (Modify the first command if you installed the fonts in a directory
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4960 that is not @file{/usr/local/share/emacs/fonts}.) You also need to
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4961 arrange for these two commands to run whenever you log in, e.g., by
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4962 adding them to your window-system startup file, such as
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4963 @file{~/.xsessionrc} or @file{~/.gnomerc}.
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4964
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4965 Now, add the following line to your @file{~/.emacs} init file:
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4966
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4967 @lisp
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4968 (add-to-list 'bdf-directory-list "/usr/share/emacs/fonts/bdf")
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4969 @end lisp
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4970
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4971 @noindent
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4972 (Again, modify the file name if you installed the fonts elsewhere.)
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4973
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4974 Finally, if you wish to use the installed fonts with @code{ps-print},
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4975 add the following line to your @file{~/.emacs}:
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4976
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4977 @lisp
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4978 (setq ps-multibyte-buffer 'bdf-font-except-latin)
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4979 @end lisp
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4980
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4981 A few additional steps are necessary for MS-Windows; they are listed
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4982 below.
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4983
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4984 First, make sure @emph{all} the directories with BDF font files are
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4985 mentioned in @code{bdf-directory-list}. On Unix and GNU/Linux
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4986 systems, one normally runs @kbd{make install} to install the BDF fonts
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4987 in the same directory. By contrast, Windows users typically don't run
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4988 the Intlfonts installation command, but unpack the distribution in
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4989 some directory, which leaves the BDF fonts in its subdirectories. For
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4990 example, assume that you unpacked Intlfonts in @file{C:/Intlfonts};
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4991 then you should set @code{bdf-directory-list} as follows:
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4992
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4993 @lisp
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4994 (setq bdf-directory-list
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4995 '("C:/Intlfonts/Asian"
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4996 "C:/Intlfonts/Chinese" "C:/Intlfonts/Chinese.X"
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4997 "C:/Intlfonts/Chinese.BIG" "C:/Intlfonts/Ethiopic"
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4998 "C:/Intlfonts/European" "C:/Intlfonts/European.BIG"
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
4999 "C:/Intlfonts/Japanese" "C:/Intlfonts/Japanese.X"
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5000 "C:/Intlfonts/Japanese.BIG" "C:/Intlfonts/Korean.X"
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5001 "C:/Intlfonts/Misc"))
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5002 @end lisp
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5003
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5004 @cindex @code{w32-bdf-filename-alist}
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5005 @cindex @code{w32-find-bdf-fonts}
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5006 Next, you need to set up the variable @code{w32-bdf-filename-alist} to
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5007 an alist of the BDF fonts and their corresponding file names.
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5008 Assuming you have set @code{bdf-directory-list} to name all the
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5009 directories with the BDF font files, the following Lisp snippet will
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5010 set up @code{w32-bdf-filename-alist}:
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5011
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5012 @lisp
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5013 (setq w32-bdf-filename-alist
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5014 (w32-find-bdf-fonts bdf-directory-list))
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5015 @end lisp
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5016
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5017 Now, create fontsets for the BDF fonts:
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5018
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5019 @lisp
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5020 (create-fontset-from-fontset-spec
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5021 "-*-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-16-*-*-*-c-*-fontset-bdf,
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5022 japanese-jisx0208:-*-*-medium-r-normal-*-16-*-*-*-c-*-jisx0208.1983-*,
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5023 katakana-jisx0201:-*-*-medium-r-normal-*-16-*-*-*-c-*-jisx0201*-*,
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5024 latin-jisx0201:-*-*-medium-r-normal-*-16-*-*-*-c-*-jisx0201*-*,
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5025 japanese-jisx0208-1978:-*-*-medium-r-normal-*-16-*-*-*-c-*-jisx0208.1978-*,
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5026 thai-tis620:-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--16-160-72-72-m-80-tis620.2529-1,
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5027 lao:-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--16-160-72-72-m-80-MuleLao-1,
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5028 tibetan-1-column:-TibMdXA-fixed-medium-r-normal--16-160-72-72-m-80-MuleTibetan-1,
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5029 ethiopic:-Admas-Ethiomx16f-Medium-R-Normal--16-150-100-100-M-160-Ethiopic-Unicode,
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5030 tibetan:-TibMdXA-fixed-medium-r-normal--16-160-72-72-m-160-MuleTibetan-0")
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5031 @end lisp
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5032
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5033 Many of the international bdf fonts from Intlfonts are type 0, and
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5034 therefore need to be added to font-encoding-alist:
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5035
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5036 @lisp
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5037 (setq font-encoding-alist
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5038 (append '(("MuleTibetan-0" (tibetan . 0))
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5039 ("GB2312" (chinese-gb2312 . 0))
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5040 ("JISX0208" (japanese-jisx0208 . 0))
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5041 ("JISX0212" (japanese-jisx0212 . 0))
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5042 ("VISCII" (vietnamese-viscii-lower . 0))
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5043 ("KSC5601" (korean-ksc5601 . 0))
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5044 ("MuleArabic-0" (arabic-digit . 0))
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5045 ("MuleArabic-1" (arabic-1-column . 0))
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5046 ("MuleArabic-2" (arabic-2-column . 0)))
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5047 font-encoding-alist))
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5048 @end lisp
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5049
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5050 You can now use the Emacs font menu to select the @samp{bdf: 16-dot medium}
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5051 fontset, or you can select it by setting the default font in your
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5052 @file{~/.emacs}:
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5053
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5054 @lisp
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5055 (set-default-font "fontset-bdf")
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5056 @end lisp
c971d2ca184d (How to add fonts): New node.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 72285
diff changeset
5057
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5058
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5059 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5060 @node Mail and news, Concept index, Alternate character sets, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5061 @chapter Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5062 @cindex Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5063
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5064 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
5065 * Changing the included text prefix::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
5066 * Saving a copy of outgoing mail::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
5067 * Expanding aliases when sending mail::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
5068 * Rmail thinks all messages are one big one::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
5069 * Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
5070 * Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
5071 * Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
5072 * Replying to the sender of a message::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
5073 * MIME with Emacs mail packages::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
5074 * Automatically starting a mail or news reader::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
5075 * Reading news with Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
5076 * Gnus does not work with NNTP::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
5077 * Viewing articles with embedded underlining::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
5078 * Saving a multi-part Gnus posting::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
5079 * Starting Gnus faster::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
5080 * Catching up in all newsgroups::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
5081 * Killing based on nonstandard headers::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
5082 * Removing flashing messages::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
5083 * Catch-up is slow in Gnus::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
5084 * Gnus hangs for a long time::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
5085 * Learning more about Gnus::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5086 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5087
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5088 @node Changing the included text prefix, Saving a copy of outgoing mail, Mail and news, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5089 @section How do I change the included text prefix in mail/news followups?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5090 @cindex Prefix in mail/news followups, changing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5091 @cindex Included text prefix, changing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5092 @cindex Setting the included text character
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5093 @cindex Quoting in mail messages
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5094
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5095 If you read mail with Rmail or news with Gnus, set the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5096 @code{mail-yank-prefix}. For VM, set @code{vm-included-text-prefix}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5097 For mh-e, set @code{mh-ins-buf-prefix}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5098
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5099 For fancier control of citations, use Supercite. @xref{Supercite}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5100
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5101 To prevent Emacs from including various headers of the replied-to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5102 message, set the value of @code{mail-yank-ignored-headers} to an
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5103 appropriate regexp.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5104
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5105 @node Saving a copy of outgoing mail, Expanding aliases when sending mail, Changing the included text prefix, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5106 @section How do I save a copy of outgoing mail?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5107 @cindex Saving a copy of outgoing mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5108 @cindex Copying outgoing mail to a file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5109 @cindex Filing outgoing mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5110 @cindex Automatic filing of outgoing mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5111 @cindex Mail, saving outgoing automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5112
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5113 You can either mail yourself a copy by including a @samp{BCC} header in the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5114 mail message, or store a copy of the message directly to a file by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5115 including an @samp{FCC} header.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5116
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5117 If you use standard mail, you can automatically create a @samp{BCC} to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5118 yourself by putting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5119
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5120 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5121 (setq mail-self-blind t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5122 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5123
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5124 @noindent
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5125 in your @file{.emacs} file. You can automatically include an @samp{FCC}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5126 field by putting something like the following in your @file{.emacs}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5127 file:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5128
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5129 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5130 (setq mail-archive-file-name (expand-file-name "~/outgoing"))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5131 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5132
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5133 The output file will be in Unix mail format, which can be read directly
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5134 by VM, but not always by Rmail. @xref{Learning how to do something}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5135
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5136 If you use @code{mh-e}, add an @samp{FCC} or @samp{BCC} field to your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5137 components file.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5138
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5139 It does not work to put @samp{set record filename} in the @file{.mailrc}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5140 file.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5141
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5142 @node Expanding aliases when sending mail, Rmail thinks all messages are one big one, Saving a copy of outgoing mail, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5143 @section Why doesn't Emacs expand my aliases when sending mail?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5144 @cindex Expanding aliases when sending mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5145 @cindex Mail alias expansion
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5146 @cindex Sending mail with aliases
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5147
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5148 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5149
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5150 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5151 You must separate multiple addresses in the headers of the mail buffer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5152 with commas. This is because Emacs supports RFC822 standard addresses
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5153 like this one:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5154
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5155 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5156 To: Willy Smith <wks@@xpnsv.lwyrs.com>
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5157 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5158
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5159 However, you do not need to---and probably should not, unless your
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5160 system's version of @file{/usr/ucb/mail} (a.k.a.@: @code{mailx})
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5161 supports RFC822---separate addresses with commas in your
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5162 @file{~/.mailrc} file.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5163
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5164 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5165 Emacs normally only reads the @file{.mailrc} file once per session,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5166 when you start to compose your first mail message. If you edit
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5167 @file{.mailrc}, you can type @kbd{M-x rebuild-mail-abbrevs @key{RET}} to
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5168 make Emacs reread @file{~/.mailrc}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5169
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5170 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5171 If you like, you can expand mail aliases as abbrevs, as soon as you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5172 type them in. To enable this feature, execute the following:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5173
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5174 @lisp
34922
962646fc3a58 *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 34741
diff changeset
5175 (add-hook 'mail-mode-hook 'mail-abbrevs-setup)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5176 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5177
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5178 Note that the aliases are expanded automatically only after you type
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5179 @key{RET} or a punctuation character (e.g. @kbd{,}). You can force their
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5180 expansion by moving point to the end of the alias and typing @kbd{C-x a e}
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5181 (@kbd{M-x expand-abbrev}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5182 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5183
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5184 @node Rmail thinks all messages are one big one, Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder, Expanding aliases when sending mail, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5185 @section Why does Rmail think all my saved messages are one big message?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5186 @cindex Rmail thinks all messages are one large message
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5187
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5188 A file created through the @samp{FCC} field in a message is in Unix mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5189 format, not the format that Rmail uses (BABYL format). Rmail will try
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5190 to convert a Unix mail file into BABYL format on input, but sometimes it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5191 makes errors. For guaranteed safety, you can make the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5192 @file{saved-messages} file be an inbox for your Rmail file by using the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5193 function @code{set-rmail-inbox-list}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5194
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5195 @node Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder, Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail, Rmail thinks all messages are one big one, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5196 @section How can I sort the messages in my Rmail folder?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5197 @cindex Rmail, sorting messages in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5198 @cindex Folder, sorting messages in an Rmail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5199 @cindex Sorting messages in an Rmail folder
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5200
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5201 In Rmail, type @kbd{C-c C-s C-h} to get a list of sorting functions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5202 and their key bindings.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5203
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5204 @node Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail, Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them, Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5205 @section Why does Rmail need to write to @file{/usr/spool/mail}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5206 @cindex Rmail and @file{/usr/spool/mail}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5207 @cindex @file{/usr/spool/mail} and Rmail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5208
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5209 This is the behavior of the @code{movemail} program which Rmail uses.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5210 This indicates that @code{movemail} is configured to use lock files.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5211
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5212 RMS writes:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5213
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5214 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5215 Certain systems require lock files to interlock access to mail files.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5216 On these systems, @code{movemail} must write lock files, or you risk losing
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5217 mail. You simply must arrange to let @code{movemail} write them.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5218
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5219 Other systems use the @code{flock} system call to interlock access. On
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5220 these systems, you should configure @code{movemail} to use @code{flock}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5221 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5222
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5223 @node Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them, Replying to the sender of a message, Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5224 @section How do I recover my mail files after Rmail munges their format?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5225 @cindex Recovering munged mail files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5226 @cindex Rmail munged my files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5227 @cindex Mail files, recovering those munged by Rmail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5228
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5229 If you have just done @kbd{M-x rmail-input} on a file and you don't want
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5230 to save it in Rmail's format (called BABYL), just kill the buffer (with
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5231 @kbd{C-x k}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5232
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5233 @cindex Exporting messages as Unix mail files
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5234 If you typed @kbd{M-x rmail} and it read some messages out of your inbox
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5235 and you want to put them in a Unix mail file, use @kbd{C-o} on each
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5236 message.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5237
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5238 @cindex Converting from BABYL to Unix mail format
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5239 @cindex @code{unrmail} command
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5240 If you want to convert an existing file from BABYL format to Unix mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5241 format, use the command @kbd{M-x unrmail}: it will prompt you for the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5242 input and output file names.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5243
39304
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5244 @pindex b2m
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5245 Alternatively, you could use the @code{b2m} program supplied with
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5246 Emacs. @code{b2m} is a filter, and is used like this:
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5247
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5248 @example
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5249 b2m < @var{babyl-file} > @var{mbox-file}
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5250 @end example
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5251
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5252 @noindent
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5253 where @var{babyl-file} is the name of the BABYL file, and
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5254 @var{mbox-file} is the name of the file where the converted mail will
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5255 be written.
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5256
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5257 @node Replying to the sender of a message, MIME with Emacs mail packages, Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5258 @section How can I force Rmail to reply to the sender of a message, but not the other recipients?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5259 @cindex Replying only to the sender of a message
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5260 @cindex Sender, replying only to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5261 @cindex Rmail, replying to the sender of a message in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5262
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5263 @email{isaacson@@seas.upenn.edu, Ron Isaacson} says: When you hit
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5264 @key{r} to reply in Rmail, by default it CCs all of the original
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5265 recipients (everyone on the original @samp{To} and @samp{CC}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5266 lists). With a prefix argument (i.e., typing @kbd{C-u} before @key{r}),
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5267 it replies only to the sender. However, going through the whole
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5268 @kbd{C-u} business every time you want to reply is a pain. This is the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5269 best fix I've been able to come up with:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5270
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5271 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5272 (defun rmail-reply-t ()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5273 "Reply only to the sender of the current message. (See rmail-reply.)"
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5274 (interactive)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5275 (rmail-reply t))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5276
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5277 (add-hook 'rmail-mode-hook
34151
33df9c2e70bf Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 30692
diff changeset
5278 (lambda ()
33df9c2e70bf Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 30692
diff changeset
5279 (define-key rmail-mode-map "r" 'rmail-reply-t)
33df9c2e70bf Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 30692
diff changeset
5280 (define-key rmail-mode-map "R" 'rmail-reply)))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5281 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5282
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5283 @node MIME with Emacs mail packages, Automatically starting a mail or news reader, Replying to the sender of a message, Mail and news
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
5284 @section How can I get my favorite Emacs mail package to support MIME?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5285 @cindex MIME and Emacs mail packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5286 @cindex Mail packages and MIME
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5287 @cindex FAQ for MIME and Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5288
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5289 Version 6.x of VM supports MIME. @xref{VM}. Gnus supports MIME in mail
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5290 and news messages as of version 5.8.1 (Pterodactyl). Rmail has limited
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5291 support for single-part MIME messages beginning with Emacs 20.3.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5292
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5293 @node Automatically starting a mail or news reader, Reading news with Emacs, MIME with Emacs mail packages, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5294 @section How do I make Emacs automatically start my mail/news reader?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5295 @cindex Mail reader, starting automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5296 @cindex News reader, starting automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5297 @cindex Starting mail/news reader automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5298
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5299 To start Emacs in Gnus:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5300
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5301 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5302 emacs -f gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5303 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5304
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5305 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5306 in Rmail:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5307
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5308 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5309 emacs -f rmail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5310 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5311
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5312 A more convenient way to start with Gnus:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5313
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5314 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5315 alias gnus 'emacs -f gnus'
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5316 gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5317 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5318
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5319 It is probably unwise to automatically start your mail or news reader
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5320 from your @file{.emacs} file. This would cause problems if you needed to run
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5321 two copies of Emacs at the same time. Also, this would make it difficult for
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5322 you to start Emacs quickly when you needed to.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5323
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5324 @node Reading news with Emacs, Gnus does not work with NNTP, Automatically starting a mail or news reader, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5325 @section How do I read news under Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5326 @cindex Reading news under Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5327 @cindex Usenet reader in Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5328 @cindex Gnus newsreader
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5329
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5330 Use @kbd{M-x gnus}. It is documented in Info (@pxref{Learning how to do
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5331 something}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5332
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5333 @node Gnus does not work with NNTP, Viewing articles with embedded underlining, Reading news with Emacs, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5334 @section Why doesn't Gnus work via NNTP?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5335 @cindex Gnus and NNTP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5336 @cindex NNTP, Gnus fails to work with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5337
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5338 There is a bug in NNTP version 1.5.10, such that when multiple requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5339 are sent to the NNTP server, the server only handles the first one
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5340 before blocking waiting for more input which never comes. NNTP version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5341 1.5.11 claims to fix this.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5342
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5343 You can work around the bug inside Emacs like this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5344
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5345 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5346 (setq nntp-maximum-request 1)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5347 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5348
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5349 You can find out what version of NNTP your news server is running by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5350 telnetting to the NNTP port (usually 119) on the news server machine
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5351 (i.e., @kbd{telnet server-machine 119}). The server should give its
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5352 version number in the welcome message. Type @kbd{quit} to get out.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5353
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
5354 @xref{Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode}, for some additional ideas.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5355
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5356 @node Viewing articles with embedded underlining, Saving a multi-part Gnus posting, Gnus does not work with NNTP, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5357 @section How do I view news articles with embedded underlining (e.g., ClariNews)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5358 @cindex Underlining, embedded in news articles
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5359 @cindex News articles with embedded underlining
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5360 @cindex Embedded underlining in news articles
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5361
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5362 Underlining appears like this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5363
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5364 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5365 _^Hu_^Hn_^Hd_^He_^Hr_^Hl_^Hi_^Hn_^Hi_^Hn_^Hg
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5366 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5367
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5368 @email{abraham@@dina.kvl.dk, Per Abrahamsen} suggests using the following
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5369 code, which uses the underline face to turn such text into true
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5370 underlining, inconjunction with Gnus:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5371
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5372 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5373 (defun gnus-article-prepare-overstrike ()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5374 ;; Prepare article for overstrike commands.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5375 (save-excursion
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5376 (set-buffer gnus-article-buffer)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5377 (let ((buffer-read-only nil))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5378 (goto-char (point-min))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5379 (while (search-forward "\b" nil t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5380 (let ((next (following-char))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5381 (previous (char-after (- (point) 2))))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5382 (cond ((eq next previous)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5383 (delete-region (- (point) 2) (point))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5384 (put-text-property (point) (1+ (point))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5385 'face 'bold))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5386 ((eq next ?_)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5387 (delete-region (1- (point)) (1+ (point)))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5388 (put-text-property (1- (point)) (point)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5389 'face 'underline))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5390 ((eq previous ?_)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5391 (delete-region (- (point) 2) (point))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5392 (put-text-property (point) (1+ (point))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5393 'face 'underline))))))))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5394
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5395 (add-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-overstrike)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5396 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5397
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5398 Latest versions of Gnus do such a conversion automatically.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5399
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5400 If you prefer to do away with underlining altogether, you can
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5401 destructively remove it with @kbd{M-x ununderline-region}; do this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5402 automatically via
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5403
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5404 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5405 (add-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-hook
34151
33df9c2e70bf Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 30692
diff changeset
5406 (lambda () (ununderline-region (point-min) (point-max))))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5407 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5408
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5409 @node Saving a multi-part Gnus posting, Starting Gnus faster, Viewing articles with embedded underlining, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5410 @section How do I save all the items of a multi-part posting in Gnus?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5411 @cindex Multi-part postings in Gnus, saving
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5412 @cindex Saving multi-part postings in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5413 @cindex Gnus, saving multi-part postings in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5414
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5415 Use @code{gnus-uu}. Type @kbd{C-c C-v C-h} in the Gnus summary buffer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5416 to see a list of available commands.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5417
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5418 @node Starting Gnus faster, Catching up in all newsgroups, Saving a multi-part Gnus posting, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5419 @section How do I make Gnus start up faster?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5420 @cindex Faster, starting Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5421 @cindex Starting Gnus faster
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5422 @cindex Gnus, starting faster
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5423
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5424 From the Gnus FAQ (@pxref{Learning more about Gnus}):
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5425
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5426 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5427 @email{pktiwari@@eos.ncsu.edu, Pranav Kumar Tiwari} writes: I posted
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5428 the same query recently and I got an answer to it. I am going to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5429 repeat the answer. What you need is a newer version of gnus, version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5430 5.0.4+. I am using 5.0.12 and it works fine with me with the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5431 following settings:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5432
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5433 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5434 (setq gnus-check-new-newsgroups nil
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5435 gnus-read-active-file 'some
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5436 gnus-nov-is-evil nil
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5437 gnus-select-method '(nntp gnus-nntp-server))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5438 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5439 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5440
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5441 @node Catching up in all newsgroups, Killing based on nonstandard headers, Starting Gnus faster, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5442 @section How do I catch up all newsgroups in Gnus?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5443 @cindex Catching up all newsgroups in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5444 @cindex Gnus, Catching up all newsgroups in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5445
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5446 In the @file{*Newsgroup*} buffer, type @kbd{M-< C-x ( c y C-x ) M-0 C-x e}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5447
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5448 Leave off the initial @kbd{M-<} if you only want to catch up from point
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5449 to the end of the @file{*Newsgroup*} buffer.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5450
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5451 @node Killing based on nonstandard headers, Removing flashing messages, Catching up in all newsgroups, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5452 @section Why can't I kill in Gnus based on the Newsgroups/Keywords/Control headers?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5453 @cindex Killing articles based on nonstandard headers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5454 @cindex Newsgroups header, killing articles based on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5455 @cindex Keywords header, killing articles based on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5456 @cindex Control header, killing articles based on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5457
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5458 Gnus will complain that the @samp{Newsgroups}, @samp{Keywords}, and
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5459 @samp{Control} headers are ``Unknown header'' fields.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5460
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5461 For the @samp{Newsgroups} header, there is an easy workaround: kill on the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5462 @samp{Xref} header instead, which will be present on any cross-posted article
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5463 (as long as your site carries the cross-post group).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5464
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5465 If you really want to kill on one of these headers, you can do it like
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5466 this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5467
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5468 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5469 (gnus-kill nil "^Newsgroups: .*\\(bad\\.group\\|worse\\.group\\)")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5470 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5471
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5472 @node Removing flashing messages, Catch-up is slow in Gnus, Killing based on nonstandard headers, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5473 @section How do I get rid of flashing messages in Gnus for slow connections?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5474 @cindex Flashing Gnus messages, removing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5475 @cindex Removing flashing Gnus messages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5476 @cindex Slow connections causing flashing messages in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5477 @cindex Gnus, flashing messages in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5478
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5479 Set @code{nntp-debug-read} to @code{nil}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5480
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5481 @node Catch-up is slow in Gnus, Gnus hangs for a long time, Removing flashing messages, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5482 @section Why is catch up slow in Gnus?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5483 @cindex Slow catch up in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5484 @cindex Gnus is slow when catching up
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5485 @cindex Crosspostings make Gnus catching up slow
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5486
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5487 Because Gnus is marking crosspostings read. You can control this with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5488 the variable @code{gnus-use-cross-reference}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5489
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5490 @node Gnus hangs for a long time, Learning more about Gnus, Catch-up is slow in Gnus, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5491 @section Why does Gnus hang for a long time when posting?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5492 @cindex Hangs in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5493 @cindex Gnus hangs while posting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5494 @cindex Posting, Gnus hangs wile
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5495
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5496 @email{tale@@uunet.uu.net, David Lawrence} explains:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5497
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5498 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5499 The problem is almost always interaction between NNTP and C News. NNTP
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5500 POST asks C News's @code{inews} to not background itself but rather hang
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5501 around and give its exit status so it knows whether the post was successful.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5502 (That wait will on some systems not return the exit status of the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5503 waited for job is a different sort of problem.) It ends up taking a
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5504 long time because @code{inews} is calling @code{relaynews}, which often
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5505 waits for another @code{relaynews} to free the lock on the news system
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5506 so it can file the article.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5507
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5508 My preferred solution is to change @code{inews} to not call
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5509 @code{relaynews}, but rather use @code{newsspool}. This loses some
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5510 error-catching functionality, but is for the most part safe as
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5511 @code{inews} will detect a lot of the errors on its own. The C News
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5512 folks have sped up @code{inews}, too, so speed should look better to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5513 most folks as that update propagates around.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5514 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5515
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5516 @node Learning more about Gnus, , Gnus hangs for a long time, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5517 @section Where can I find out more about Gnus?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5518 @cindex FAQ for Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5519 @cindex Gnus FAQ
50791
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
5520 @cindex Learning more about Gnus
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
5521
50954
e6cae6d37bc9 Update VM version.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50791
diff changeset
5522 For more information on Gnus, consult the Gnus manual and FAQ, which are
e6cae6d37bc9 Update VM version.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50791
diff changeset
5523 part of the Gnus distribution.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5524
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5525 @node Concept index, , Mail and news, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5526 @unnumbered Concept Index
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5527 @printindex cp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5528
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5529 @contents
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5530 @bye
52401
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 51449
diff changeset
5531
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 51449
diff changeset
5532 @ignore
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 51449
diff changeset
5533 arch-tag: fee0d62d-06cf-43d8-ac21-123408eaf10f
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 51449
diff changeset
5534 @end ignore