Mercurial > emacs
annotate doc/misc/dbus.texi @ 94009:1ef181f26c7c
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author | Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org> |
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date | Fri, 11 Apr 2008 17:13:30 +0000 |
parents | d2f671c73132 |
children | eafbd7a5c9be |
rev | line source |
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1 \input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*- |
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2 @setfilename ../../info/dbus |
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3 @c %**start of header |
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4 @settitle Using of D-Bus |
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5 @c @setchapternewpage odd |
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6 @c %**end of header |
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7 |
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8 @copying |
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9 Copyright @copyright{} 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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10 |
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11 @quotation |
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12 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document |
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13 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or |
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14 any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no |
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15 Invariant Sections, with the Front-Cover texts being ``A GNU |
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16 Manual'', and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below. A copy of the |
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17 license is included in the section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation |
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18 License'' in the Emacs manual. |
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19 |
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20 (a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: ``You have freedom to copy and modify |
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21 this GNU Manual, like GNU software. Copies published by the Free |
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22 Software Foundation raise funds for GNU development.'' |
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23 |
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24 This document is part of a collection distributed under the GNU Free |
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25 Documentation License. If you want to distribute this document |
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26 separately from the collection, you can do so by adding a copy of the |
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27 license to the document, as described in section 6 of the license. |
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28 @end quotation |
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29 @end copying |
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30 |
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31 @dircategory Emacs |
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32 @direntry |
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33 * D-Bus: (dbus). Using D-Bus in Emacs. |
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34 @end direntry |
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35 |
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36 @node Top, Overview, (dir), (dir) |
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37 @top D-Bus integration in Emacs |
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38 |
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39 This manual documents an API for usage of D-Bus in |
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40 Emacs.@footnote{D-Bus is not enabled by default. You must run |
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41 @command{./configure --with-dbus} in Emacs' top level directory, |
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42 before you compile Emacs.} D-Bus is a message bus system, a simple |
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43 way for applications to talk to one another. An overview of D-Bus can |
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44 be found at @uref{http://dbus.freedesktop.org/}. |
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45 |
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46 @insertcopying |
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47 |
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48 @menu |
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49 * Overview:: An overview of D-Bus. |
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50 * Inspection:: Inspection of the bus names. |
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51 * Type Conversion:: Mapping Lisp types and D-Bus types. |
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52 * Synchronous Methods:: Calling methods in a blocking way. |
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53 * Receiving Method Calls:: Offering own methods. |
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54 * Signals:: Sending and receiving signals. |
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55 * Errors and Events:: Errors and events. |
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56 * GNU Free Documentation License:: The license for this documentation. |
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57 @end menu |
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58 |
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59 @node Overview |
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60 @chapter An overview of D-Bus |
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61 @cindex overview |
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62 |
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63 D-Bus is an inter-process communication mechanism for applications |
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64 residing on the same host. The communication is based on |
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65 @dfn{messages}. Data in the messages is carried in a structured way, |
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66 it is not just a byte stream. |
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67 |
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68 The communication is connection oriented to two kinds of message |
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69 buses: a so called @dfn{system bus}, and a @dfn{session bus}. On a |
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70 given machine, there is always one single system bus for miscellaneous |
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71 system-wide communication, like changing of hardware configuration. |
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72 On the other hand, the session bus is always related to a single |
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73 user's session. |
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74 |
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75 Every client application, which is connected to a bus, registers under |
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76 a @dfn{unique name} at the bus. This name is used for identifying the |
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77 client application. Such a unique name starts always with a colon, |
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78 and looks like @samp{:1.42}. |
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79 |
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80 Additionally, a client application can register itself to a so called |
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81 @dfn{known name}, which is a series of identifiers separated by dots, |
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82 as in @samp{org.gnu.Emacs}. If several applications register to the |
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83 same known name, these registrations are queued, and only the first |
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84 application which has registered for the known name is reachable via |
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85 this name. If this application disconnects from the bus, the next |
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86 queued unique name becomes the owner of this known name. |
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87 |
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88 An application can install one or several objects under its name. |
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89 Such objects are identified by an @dfn{object path}, which looks |
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90 similar to paths in a filesystem. An example of such an object path |
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91 could be @samp{/org/gnu/Emacs/}. |
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92 |
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93 Applications might send a request to an object, that means sending a |
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94 message with some data as input parameters, and receiving a message |
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95 from that object with the result of this message, the output |
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96 parameters. Such a request is called @dfn{method} in D-Bus. |
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97 |
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98 The other form of communication are @dfn{signals}. The underlying |
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99 message is emitted from an object and will be received by all other |
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100 applications which have registered for such a signal. |
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101 |
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102 All methods and signals an object supports are called @dfn{interface} |
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103 of the object. Interfaces are specified under a hierarchical name in |
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104 D-Bus; an object can support several interfaces. Such an interface |
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105 name could be @samp{org.gnu.Emacs.TextEditor} or |
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106 @samp{org.gnu.Emacs.FileManager}. |
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107 |
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108 |
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109 @node Inspection |
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110 @chapter Inspection of the bus names. |
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111 @cindex inspection |
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112 |
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113 There are several basic functions which inspect the buses for |
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114 registered names. Internally they use the basic interface |
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115 @samp{org.freedesktop.DBus}, which is supported by all objects of a bus. |
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116 |
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117 @defun dbus-list-activatable-names |
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118 This function returns the D-Bus service names, which can be activated. |
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119 An activatable service is described in a service registration file. |
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120 Under GNU/Linux, such files are located at |
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121 @file{/usr/share/dbus-1/services/}. |
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122 |
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123 The result is a list of strings, which is @code{nil} when there are no |
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124 activatable service names at all. |
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125 @end defun |
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126 |
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127 @defun dbus-list-names bus |
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128 All service names, which are registered at D-Bus @var{bus}, are |
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129 returned. The result is a list of strings, which is @code{nil} when |
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130 there are no registered service names at all. Well known names are |
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131 strings like @samp{org.freedesktop.DBus}. Names starting with |
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132 @samp{:} are unique names for services. |
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133 |
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134 @var{bus} must be either the symbol @code{:system} or the symbol |
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135 @code{:session}. |
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136 @end defun |
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137 |
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138 @defun dbus-list-known-names bus |
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139 Retrieves all services which correspond to a known name in @var{bus}. |
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140 A service has a known name if it doesn't start with @samp{:}. The |
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141 result is a list of strings, which is @code{nil} when there are no |
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142 known names at all. |
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143 |
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144 @var{bus} must be either the symbol @code{:system} or the symbol |
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145 @code{:session}. |
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146 @end defun |
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147 |
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148 @defun dbus-list-queued-owners bus service |
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149 For a given service, registered at D-Bus @var{bus} under the name |
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150 @var{service}, all queued unique names are returned. The result is a |
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151 list of strings, or @code{nil} when there are no queued names for |
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152 @var{service} at all. |
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153 |
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154 @var{bus} must be either the symbol @code{:system} or the symbol |
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155 @code{:session}. @var{service} must be a known service name as |
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156 string. |
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157 @end defun |
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158 |
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159 @defun dbus-get-name-owner bus service |
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160 For a given service, registered at D-Bus @var{bus} under the name |
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161 @var{service}, the unique name of the name owner is returned. The |
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162 result is a string, or @code{nil} when there exist no name owner of |
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163 @var{service}. |
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164 |
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165 @var{bus} must be either the symbol @code{:system} or the symbol |
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166 @code{:session}. @var{service} must be a known service name as |
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167 string. |
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168 @end defun |
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169 |
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170 @defun dbus-ping bus service |
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171 Check whether the service name @var{service} is registered at D-Bus |
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172 @var{bus}. @var{service} might not have been started yet. The result |
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173 is either @code{t} or @code{nil}. |
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174 |
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175 @var{bus} must be either the symbol @code{:system} or the symbol |
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176 @code{:session}. @var{service} must be a string. Example: |
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177 |
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178 @lisp |
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179 (message |
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180 "%s screensaver on board." |
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181 (cond |
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182 ((dbus-ping :session "org.gnome.ScreenSaver") "Gnome") |
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183 ((dbus-ping :session "org.freedesktop.ScreenSaver") "KDE") |
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184 (t "No"))) |
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185 @end lisp |
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186 @end defun |
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187 |
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188 @defun dbus-get-unique-name bus |
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189 The unique name, under which Emacs is registered at D-Bus @var{bus}, |
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190 is returned as string. |
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191 |
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192 @var{bus} must be either the symbol @code{:system} or the symbol |
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193 @code{:session}. |
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194 @end defun |
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195 |
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196 @defun dbus-introspect bus service path |
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197 Objects can publish there interfaces to the D-Bus. This function |
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198 returns all interfaces of @var{service}, registered at object path |
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199 @var{path} at bus @var{bus}. |
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200 |
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201 @var{bus} must be either the symbol @code{:system} or the symbol |
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202 @code{:session}. @var{service} must be a known service name, and |
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203 @var{path} must be a valid object path. The last two parameters are |
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204 strings. The result, the introspection data, is a string in XML |
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205 format. Example: |
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206 |
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207 @lisp |
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208 (dbus-introspect |
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209 :system "org.freedesktop.Hal" |
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210 "/org/freedesktop/Hal/devices/computer") |
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211 |
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212 @result{} "<!DOCTYPE node PUBLIC |
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213 \"-//freedesktop//DTD D-BUS Object Introspection 1.0//EN\" |
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214 \"http://www.freedesktop.org/standards/dbus/1.0/introspect.dtd\"> |
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215 <node> |
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216 <interface name=\"org.freedesktop.Hal.Device\"> |
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217 <method name=\"GetAllProperties\"> |
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218 <arg name=\"properties\" direction=\"out\" type=\"a@{sv@}\"/> |
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219 </method> |
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220 @dots{} |
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221 <signal name=\"PropertyModified\"> |
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222 <arg name=\"num_updates\" type=\"i\"/> |
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223 <arg name=\"updates\" type=\"a(sbb)\"/> |
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224 </signal> |
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225 </interface> |
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226 @dots{} |
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227 </node>" |
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228 @end lisp |
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229 |
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230 This example informs us, that the service @code{org.freedesktop.Hal} |
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231 at object path @code{/org/freedesktop/Hal/devices/computer} offers the |
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232 interface @code{org.freedesktop.Hal.Device} (and 2 other interfaces |
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233 not documented here). This interface contains the method |
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234 @code{GetAllProperties}, which needs no input parameters, but returns |
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235 as output parameter an array of dictionary entries (key-value pairs). |
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236 Every dictionary entry has a string as key, and a variant as value. |
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237 |
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238 The interface offers also a signal, which returns 2 parameters: an |
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239 integer, and an array consisting of elements which are a struct of a |
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240 string and 2 boolean values. |
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241 |
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242 Such type descriptions are called @dfn{signature} in D-Bus. For a |
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243 discussion of D-Bus types and their Lisp representation see @ref{Type |
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244 Conversion}.@footnote{D-Bus signatures are explained in the D-Bus |
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245 specification |
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246 @uref{http://dbus.freedesktop.org/doc/dbus-specification.html#message-protocol-signatures}. |
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247 The interfaces of the service @code{org.freedesktop.Hal} are described |
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248 at |
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249 @uref{http://people.freedesktop.org/~david/hal-spec/hal-spec.html#interfaces}.} |
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250 @end defun |
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251 |
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252 |
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253 @node Type Conversion |
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254 @chapter Mapping Lisp types and D-Bus types. |
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255 @cindex type conversion |
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256 |
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257 D-Bus method calls and signals accept usually several arguments as |
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258 parameters, either as input parameter, or as output parameter. Every |
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259 argument belongs to a D-Bus type. |
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260 |
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261 Such arguments must be mapped between the value encoded as a D-Bus |
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262 type, and the corresponding type of Lisp objects. The mapping is |
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263 applied Lisp object @expansion{} D-Bus type for input parameters, and |
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264 D-Bus type @expansion{} Lisp object for output parameters. |
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265 |
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266 |
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267 @section Input parameters. |
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268 |
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269 Input parameters for D-Bus methods and signals occur as arguments of a |
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270 Lisp function call. The following mapping to D-Bus types is |
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271 applied, when the corresponding D-Bus message is created: |
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272 |
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273 @example |
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274 @multitable {@code{t} and @code{nil}} {@expansion{}} {DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN} |
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275 @item Lisp type @tab @tab D-Bus type |
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276 @item |
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277 @item @code{t} and @code{nil} @tab @expansion{} @tab DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN |
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278 @item number @tab @expansion{} @tab DBUS_TYPE_UINT32 |
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279 @item integer @tab @expansion{} @tab DBUS_TYPE_INT32 |
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280 @item float @tab @expansion{} @tab DBUS_TYPE_DOUBLE |
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281 @item string @tab @expansion{} @tab DBUS_TYPE_STRING |
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282 @item list @tab @expansion{} @tab DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY |
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283 @end multitable |
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284 @end example |
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285 |
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286 Other Lisp objects, like symbols or hash tables, are not accepted as |
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287 input parameter. |
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288 |
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289 If it is necessary to use another D-Bus type, a corresponding type |
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290 symbol can be preceeded to the corresponding Lisp object. Basic D-Bus |
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291 types are represented by the type symbols @code{:byte}, |
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292 @code{:boolean}, @code{:int16}, @code{:uint16}, @code{:int32}, |
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293 @code{:uint32}, @code{:int64}, @code{:uint64}, @code{:double}, |
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294 @code{:string}, @code{:object-path} and @code{:signature}. |
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295 |
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296 @noindent |
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297 Example: |
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298 |
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299 @lisp |
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300 (dbus-call-method @dots{} @var{NUMBER} @var{STRING}) |
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301 @end lisp |
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302 |
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303 is equivalent to |
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304 |
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305 @lisp |
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306 (dbus-call-method @dots{} :uint32 @var{NUMBER} :string @var{STRING}) |
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307 @end lisp |
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308 |
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309 but different to |
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310 |
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311 @lisp |
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312 (dbus-call-method @dots{} :int32 @var{NUMBER} :signature @var{STRING}) |
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313 @end lisp |
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314 |
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315 The value for a byte D-Bus type can be any integer in the range 0 |
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316 through 255. If a character is used as argument, modifiers |
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317 represented outside this range are stripped of. For example, |
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318 @code{:byte ?x} is equal to @code{:byte ?\M-x}, but it is not equal to |
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319 @code{:byte ?\C-x} or @code{:byte ?\M-\C-x}. |
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320 |
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321 A D-Bus compound type is always represented as a list. The @sc{car} |
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322 of this list can be the type symbol @code{:array}, @code{:variant}, |
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323 @code{:struct} or @code{:dict-entry}, which would result in a |
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324 corresponding D-Bus container. @code{:array} is optional, because |
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325 this is the default compound D-Bus type for a list. |
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326 |
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327 The objects being elements of the list are checked according to the |
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328 D-Bus compound type rules. |
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329 |
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330 @itemize |
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331 @item An array must contain only elements of the same D-Bus type. It |
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332 can be empty. |
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333 |
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334 @item A variant must contain only one single element. |
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335 |
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336 @item A dictionary entry must be element of an array, and it must |
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337 contain only a key-value pair of two elements, with a basic D-Bus type |
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338 key. |
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339 |
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340 @item There is no restriction for structs. |
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341 @end itemize |
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342 |
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343 If an empty array needs an element D-Bus type other than string, it |
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344 can contain exactly one element of D-Bus type @code{:signature}. The |
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345 value of this element (a string) is used as the signature of the |
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346 elements of this array. Example: |
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347 |
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348 @lisp |
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349 (dbus-call-method |
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350 :session "org.freedesktop.Notifications" |
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351 "/org/freedesktop/Notifications" |
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352 "org.freedesktop.Notifications" "Notify" |
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353 "GNU Emacs" ;; Application name. |
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354 0 ;; No replacement of other notifications. |
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355 "" ;; No icon. |
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356 "Notification summary" ;; Summary. |
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357 (format ;; Body. |
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358 "This is a test notification, raised from %s" (emacs-version)) |
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359 '(:array) ;; No actions (empty array of strings). |
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360 '(:array :signature "@{sv@}") ;; No hints |
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361 ;; (empty array of dictionary entries). |
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362 ':int32 -1) ;; Default timeout. |
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363 |
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364 @result{} 3 |
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365 @end lisp |
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366 |
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367 |
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368 @section Output parameters. |
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369 |
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370 Output parameters of D-Bus methods and signals are mapped to Lisp |
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371 objects. |
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372 |
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373 @example |
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374 @multitable {DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH} {@expansion{}} {@code{t} or @code{nil}} |
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375 @item D-Bus type @tab @tab Lisp type |
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376 @item |
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377 @item DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN @tab @expansion{} @tab @code{t} or @code{nil} |
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378 @item DBUS_TYPE_BYTE @tab @expansion{} @tab number |
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379 @item DBUS_TYPE_UINT16 @tab @expansion{} @tab number |
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380 @item DBUS_TYPE_INT16 @tab @expansion{} @tab number |
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381 @item DBUS_TYPE_UINT32 @tab @expansion{} @tab number or float |
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382 @item DBUS_TYPE_INT32 @tab @expansion{} @tab number or float |
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383 @item DBUS_TYPE_UINT64 @tab @expansion{} @tab number or float |
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384 @item DBUS_TYPE_INT64 @tab @expansion{} @tab number or float |
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385 @item DBUS_TYPE_DOUBLE @tab @expansion{} @tab float |
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386 @item DBUS_TYPE_STRING @tab @expansion{} @tab string |
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387 @item DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH @tab @expansion{} @tab string |
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388 @item DBUS_TYPE_SIGNATURE @tab @expansion{} @tab string |
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389 @item DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY @tab @expansion{} @tab list |
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390 @item DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT @tab @expansion{} @tab list |
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391 @item DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT @tab @expansion{} @tab list |
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392 @item DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY @tab @expansion{} @tab list |
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393 @end multitable |
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394 @end example |
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395 |
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396 A float object in case of @code{DBUS_TYPE_UINT32}, |
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397 @code{DBUS_TYPE_INT32}, @code{DBUS_TYPE_UINT64} and |
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398 @code{DBUS_TYPE_INT6432} is returned, when the C value exceeds the |
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399 Emacs number size range. |
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400 |
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401 The resulting list of the last 4 D-Bus compound types contains as |
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402 elements the elements of the D-Bus container, mapped according to the |
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|
403 same rules. |
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|
404 |
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405 The signal @code{PropertyModified}, discussed as example in |
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406 @ref{Inspection}, would offer as Lisp data the following object |
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407 (@var{BOOL} stands here for either @code{nil} or @code{t}): |
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|
408 |
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409 @lisp |
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410 (@var{NUMBER} ((@var{STRING} @var{BOOL} @var{BOOL}) (@var{STRING} @var{BOOL} @var{BOOL}) @dots{})) |
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411 @end lisp |
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|
412 |
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|
413 |
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|
414 @node Synchronous Methods |
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415 @chapter Calling methods in a blocking way. |
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416 @cindex method calls, synchronous |
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|
417 @cindex synchronous method calls |
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|
418 |
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419 Methods can be called synchronously (@dfn{blocking}) or asynchronously |
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420 (@dfn{non-blocking}). Currently, just synchronous methods are |
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|
421 implemented. |
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|
422 |
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423 At D-Bus level, a method call consist of two messages: one message |
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424 which carries the input parameters to the object owning the method to |
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|
425 be called, and a reply message returning the resulting output |
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|
426 parameters from the object. |
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|
427 |
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428 @defun dbus-call-method bus service path interface method &optional :timeout timeout &rest args |
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|
429 This function calls @var{method} on the D-Bus @var{bus}. @var{bus} is |
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430 either the symbol @code{:system} or the symbol @code{:session}. |
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|
431 |
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432 @var{service} is the D-Bus service name to be used. @var{path} is the |
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|
433 D-Bus object path, @var{service} is registered at. @var{interface} is |
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|
434 an interface offered by @var{service}. It must provide @var{method}. |
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|
435 |
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|
436 If the parameter @code{:timeout} is given, the following integer |
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|
437 @var{timeout} specifies the maximun number of milliseconds the method |
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|
438 call must return. The default value is 25.000. If the method call |
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439 doesn't return in time, a D-Bus error is raised (@pxref{Errors and |
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|
440 Events}). |
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|
441 |
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|
442 All other arguments args are passed to @var{method} as arguments. |
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|
443 They are converted into D-Bus types as described in @ref{Type |
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|
444 Conversion}. |
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|
445 |
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|
446 The function returns the resulting values of @var{method} as a list of |
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|
447 Lisp objects, according to the type conversion rules described in |
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|
448 @ref{Type Conversion}. Example: |
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|
449 |
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* dbus.texi (all): Wrap Lisp code examples with @lisp ... @end lisp.
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|
450 @lisp |
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|
451 (dbus-call-method |
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* dbus.texi (Synchronous Methods): Adapt dbus-call-method.
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87053
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452 :session "org.gnome.seahorse" "/org/gnome/seahorse/keys/openpgp" |
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453 "org.gnome.seahorse.Keys" "GetKeyField" |
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|
454 "openpgp:657984B8C7A966DD" "simple-name") |
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|
455 |
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456 @result{} (t ("Philip R. Zimmermann")) |
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|
457 @end lisp |
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458 |
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|
459 If the result of the method call is just one value, the converted Lisp |
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460 object is returned instead of a list containing this single Lisp |
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461 object. Example: |
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|
462 |
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|
463 @lisp |
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464 (dbus-call-method |
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465 :system "org.freedesktop.Hal" |
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466 "/org/freedesktop/Hal/devices/computer" |
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467 "org.freedesktop.Hal.Device" "GetPropertyString" |
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468 "system.kernel.machine") |
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|
469 |
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470 @result{} "i686" |
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471 @end lisp |
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|
472 |
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diff
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|
473 With the @code{dbus-introspect} function it is possible to explore the |
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474 interfaces of @samp{org.freedesktop.Hal} service. It offers the |
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|
475 interfaces @samp{org.freedesktop.Hal.Manager} for the object at the |
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diff
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476 path @samp{/org/freedesktop/Hal/Manager} as well as the interface |
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parents:
diff
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|
477 @samp{org.freedesktop.Hal.Device} for all objects prefixed with the |
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|
478 path @samp{/org/freedesktop/Hal/devices}. With the methods |
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diff
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|
479 @samp{GetAllDevices} and @samp{GetAllProperties}, it is simple to |
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parents:
diff
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|
480 emulate the @code{lshal} command on GNU/Linux systems: |
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|
481 |
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|
482 @lisp |
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|
483 (dolist (device |
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|
484 (dbus-call-method |
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|
485 :system "org.freedesktop.Hal" |
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|
486 "/org/freedesktop/Hal/Manager" |
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|
487 "org.freedesktop.Hal.Manager" "GetAllDevices")) |
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488 (message "\nudi = %s" device) |
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|
489 (dolist (properties |
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|
490 (dbus-call-method |
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diff
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|
491 :system "org.freedesktop.Hal" device |
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|
492 "org.freedesktop.Hal.Device" "GetAllProperties")) |
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|
493 (message " %s = %S" |
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|
494 (car properties) (or (caar (cdr properties)) "")))) |
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diff
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|
495 |
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* Makefile.in (INFO_TARGETS, DVI_TARGETS): Apply dbus and dbus.dvi
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|
496 @print{} "udi = /org/freedesktop/Hal/devices/computer |
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497 info.addons = (\"hald-addon-acpi\") |
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498 info.bus = \"unknown\" |
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|
499 info.product = \"Computer\" |
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500 info.subsystem = \"unknown\" |
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501 info.udi = \"/org/freedesktop/Hal/devices/computer\" |
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|
502 linux.sysfs_path_device = \"(none)\" |
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* dbus.texi: Applying comments from RMS.
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|
503 power_management.acpi.linux.version = \"20051216\" |
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504 power_management.can_suspend_to_disk = t |
9ae2c39a9be6
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|
505 power_management.can_suspend_to_ram = \"\" |
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|
506 power_management.type = \"acpi\" |
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|
507 smbios.bios.release_date = \"11/07/2001\" |
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|
508 system.chassis.manufacturer = \"COMPAL\" |
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parents:
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|
509 system.chassis.type = \"Notebook\" |
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|
510 system.firmware.release_date = \"03/19/2005\" |
87491
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* dbus.texi (all): Replace "..." by @dots{}.
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parents:
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diff
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|
511 @dots{}" |
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|
512 @end lisp |
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|
513 @end defun |
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diff
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|
514 |
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diff
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|
515 |
87585
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|
516 @node Receiving Method Calls |
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517 @chapter Offering own methods. |
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518 @cindex method calls, returning |
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|
519 @cindex returning method calls |
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|
520 |
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|
521 Emacs can also offer own methods, which can be called by other |
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parents:
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|
522 applications. These methods could be an implementation of an |
072778cd2f17
* dbus.texi (Receiving Method Calls): New chapter.
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diff
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|
523 interface of a well known service, like @code{org.freedesktop.TextEditor}. |
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|
524 |
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|
525 It could be also an implementation of an own interface. In this case, |
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|
526 the service name must be @code{org.gnu.Emacs}. The object path shall |
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|
527 begin with @code{/org/gnu/Emacs/@strong{Application}/}, and the |
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* dbus.texi (Receiving Method Calls): New chapter.
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|
528 interface name shall be @code{org.gnu.Emacs.@strong{Application}}. |
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529 @code{@strong{Application}} is the name of the application which |
072778cd2f17
* dbus.texi (Receiving Method Calls): New chapter.
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|
530 provides the interface. |
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|
531 |
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|
532 @defun dbus-register-method bus service path interface method handler |
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diff
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|
533 With this function, an application registers @var{method} on the D-Bus |
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* dbus.texi (Receiving Method Calls): New chapter.
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|
534 @var{bus}. |
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diff
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|
535 |
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|
536 @var{bus} is either the symbol @code{:system} or the symbol |
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|
537 @code{:session}. |
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|
538 |
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|
539 @var{service} is the D-Bus service name of the D-Bus object |
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540 @var{method} is registered for. It must be a known name. |
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|
541 |
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diff
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|
542 @var{path} is the D-Bus object path @var{service} is |
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|
543 registered. |
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|
544 |
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545 @var{interface} is the interface offered by @var{service}. It must |
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diff
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|
546 provide @var{method}. |
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|
547 |
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548 @var{handler} is a Lisp function to be called when when a @var{method} |
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549 call is is received. It must accept as arguments the input arguments |
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550 of @var{method}. @var{handler} must return a list, which elements are |
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551 used as arguments for the reply message of @var{method}. This list |
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|
552 can be composed like the input parameters in @ref{Type Conversion}. |
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|
553 |
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|
554 The default D-Bus timeout when waiting for a message reply is 25 |
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|
555 seconds. This value could be even smaller, depending on the calling |
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|
556 client. Therefore, @var{handler} shall not last longer than |
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|
557 absolutely necessary. |
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|
558 |
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559 @code{dbus-register-method} returns a Lisp symbol, which can be used |
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560 as argument in @code{dbus-unregister-object} for removing the |
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561 registration for @var{method}. Example: |
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562 |
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563 @lisp |
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564 (defun my-dbus-method-handler (filename) |
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565 (let (result) |
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566 (if (find-file filename) |
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567 (setq result '(:boolean t)) |
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568 (setq result '(:boolean nil))) |
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569 result)) |
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570 |
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571 @result{} my-dbus-method-handler |
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572 |
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573 (dbus-register-method |
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574 :session "org.freedesktop.TextEditor" "/org/freedesktop/TextEditor" |
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575 "org.freedesktop.TextEditor" "OpenFile" |
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576 'my-dbus-method-handler) |
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577 |
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578 @result{} ((:system "org.freedesktop.TextEditor" "OpenFile") |
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579 ("org.freedesktop.TextEditor" "/org/freedesktop/TextEditor" |
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580 my-method-handler)) |
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581 @end lisp |
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582 |
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583 If you invoke the method @code{org.freedesktop.TextEditor.OpenFile} |
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584 from another D-Bus application with a filename as parameter, the file |
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585 is opened in Emacs, and the method returns either @var{true} or |
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586 @var{false}, indicating the success if the method. As test tool one |
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587 could use the command line tool @code{dbus-send} in a shell: |
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588 |
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589 @example |
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590 # dbus-send --session --print-reply \ |
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591 --dest="org.freedesktop.TextEditor" \ |
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592 "/org/freedesktop/TextEditor" \ |
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593 "org.freedesktop.TextEditor.OpenFile" string:"/etc/hosts" |
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594 |
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595 @print{} method return sender=:1.22 -> dest=:1.23 reply_serial=2 |
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596 boolean true |
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597 @end example |
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598 @end defun |
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599 |
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600 |
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601 @node Signals |
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602 @chapter Sending and receiving signals. |
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603 @cindex signals |
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604 |
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605 Signals are broadcast messages. They carry input parameters, which |
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606 are received by all objects which have registered for such a signal. |
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607 |
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608 @defun dbus-send-signal bus service path interface signal &rest args |
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609 This function is similar to @code{dbus-call-method}. The difference |
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610 is, that there are no returning output parameters. |
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611 |
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612 The function emits @var{signal} on the D-Bus @var{bus}. @var{bus} is |
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613 either the symbol @code{:system} or the symbol @code{:session}. It |
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614 doesn't matter whether another object has registered for @var{signal}. |
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615 |
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616 @var{service} is the D-Bus service name of the object the signal is |
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617 emitted from. @var{path} is the corresponding D-Bus object path, |
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618 @var{service} is registered at. @var{interface} is an interface |
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619 offered by @var{service}. It must provide @var{signal}. |
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620 |
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621 All other arguments args are passed to @var{signal} as arguments. |
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622 They are converted into D-Bus types as described in @ref{Type |
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623 Conversion}. Example: |
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624 |
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625 @lisp |
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626 (dbus-send-signal |
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627 :session "org.gnu.Emacs" "/org/gnu/Emacs" |
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628 "org.gnu.Emacs.FileManager" "FileModified" "/home/albinus/.emacs") |
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629 @end lisp |
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630 @end defun |
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631 |
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632 @defun dbus-register-signal bus service path interface signal handler |
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633 With this function, an application registers for @var{signal} on the |
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634 D-Bus @var{bus}. |
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635 |
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636 @var{bus} is either the symbol @code{:system} or the symbol |
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637 @code{:session}. |
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638 |
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639 @var{service} is the D-Bus service name used by the sending D-Bus |
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640 object. It can be either a known name or the unique name of the D-Bus |
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641 object sending the signal. In case of a unique name, signals won't be |
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642 received any longer once the object owning this unique name has |
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643 disappeared, and a new queued object has replaced it. |
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644 |
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645 When @var{service} is @code{nil}, related signals from all D-Bus |
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646 objects shall be accepted. |
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647 |
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648 @var{path} is the corresponding D-Bus object path, @var{service} is |
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649 registered at. It can also be @code{nil} if the path name of incoming |
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650 signals shall not be checked. |
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651 |
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652 @var{interface} is an interface offered by @var{service}. It must |
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653 provide @var{signal}. |
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654 |
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655 @var{handler} is a Lisp function to be called when the @var{signal} is |
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656 received. It must accept as arguments the output parameters |
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657 @var{signal} is sending. Example: |
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658 |
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659 @lisp |
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660 (defun my-dbus-signal-handler (device) |
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661 (message "Device %s added" device)) |
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662 |
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663 @result{} my-dbus-signal-handler |
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664 |
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665 (dbus-register-signal |
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666 :system "org.freedesktop.Hal" "/org/freedesktop/Hal/Manager" |
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* dbus.texi (Synchronous Methods): Adapt dbus-call-method.
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|
667 "org.freedesktop.Hal.Manager" "DeviceAdded" |
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|
668 'my-dbus-signal-handler) |
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|
669 |
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* dbus.texi (Signals): Fix example in dbus-register-signal.
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|
670 @result{} ((:system "org.freedesktop.Hal.Manager" "DeviceAdded") |
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* dbus.texi (Signals): Fix example in dbus-register-signal.
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|
671 ("org.freedesktop.Hal" "/org/freedesktop/Hal/Manager" |
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* dbus.texi (Signals): Fix example in dbus-register-signal.
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|
672 my-signal-handler)) |
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|
673 @end lisp |
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|
674 |
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|
675 As we know from the inspection data of interface |
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diff
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|
676 @code{org.freedesktop.Hal.Manager}, the signal @code{DeviceAdded} |
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|
677 provides one single parameter, which is mapped into a Lisp string. |
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Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
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diff
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|
678 The callback function @code{my-dbus-signal-handler} must define one |
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* dbus.texi: New file.
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parents:
diff
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|
679 single string argument therefore. Plugging an USB device to your |
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* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
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diff
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|
680 machine, when registered for signal @code{DeviceAdded}, will show you |
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* dbus.texi: New file.
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diff
changeset
|
681 which objects the GNU/Linux @code{hal} daemon adds. |
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* dbus.texi: New file.
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diff
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|
682 |
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|
683 @code{dbus-register-signal} returns a Lisp symbol, which can be used |
87491
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* dbus.texi (all): Replace "..." by @dots{}.
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|
684 as argument in @code{dbus-unregister-object} for removing the |
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|
685 registration for @var{signal}. |
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|
686 @end defun |
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|
687 |
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|
688 @defun dbus-unregister-object object |
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* dbus.texi: New file.
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|
689 Unregister @var{object} from the the D-Bus. @var{object} must be the |
87491
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* dbus.texi (all): Replace "..." by @dots{}.
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diff
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|
690 result of a preceding @code{dbus-register-signal} or |
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* dbus.texi (all): Replace "..." by @dots{}.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
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|
691 @code{dbus-register-method} call. It returns @code{t} if @var{object} |
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* dbus.texi (all): Replace "..." by @dots{}.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
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diff
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|
692 has been unregistered, @code{nil} otherwise. |
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|
693 @end defun |
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* dbus.texi: New file.
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diff
changeset
|
694 |
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* dbus.texi: New file.
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diff
changeset
|
695 |
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* dbus.texi: New file.
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parents:
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changeset
|
696 @node Errors and Events |
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* dbus.texi: New file.
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diff
changeset
|
697 @chapter Errors and events. |
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* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
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changeset
|
698 @cindex errors |
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* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
699 @cindex events |
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* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
700 |
87362
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* dbus.texi (Type Conversion): Extend for D-Bus compound types.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
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87309
diff
changeset
|
701 Input parameters of @code{dbus-call-method} and |
85cef0528c37
* dbus.texi (Type Conversion): Extend for D-Bus compound types.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
702 @code{dbus-register-signal} are checked for correct D-Bus types. If |
85cef0528c37
* dbus.texi (Type Conversion): Extend for D-Bus compound types.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
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diff
changeset
|
703 there is a type mismatch, the Lisp error @code{wrong-type-argument} |
85cef0528c37
* dbus.texi (Type Conversion): Extend for D-Bus compound types.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
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|
704 @code{D-Bus ARG} is raised. |
85cef0528c37
* dbus.texi (Type Conversion): Extend for D-Bus compound types.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
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|
705 |
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* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
706 All errors raised by D-Bus are signaled with the error symbol |
87883
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* dbus.texi (Errors and Events): New macro dbus-ignore-errors.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87585
diff
changeset
|
707 @code{dbus-error}. If possible, error messages from D-Bus are |
af599a62c634
* dbus.texi (Errors and Events): New macro dbus-ignore-errors.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87585
diff
changeset
|
708 appended to the @code{dbus-error}. |
af599a62c634
* dbus.texi (Errors and Events): New macro dbus-ignore-errors.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87585
diff
changeset
|
709 |
af599a62c634
* dbus.texi (Errors and Events): New macro dbus-ignore-errors.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87585
diff
changeset
|
710 @defspec dbus-ignore-errors forms@dots{} |
af599a62c634
* dbus.texi (Errors and Events): New macro dbus-ignore-errors.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87585
diff
changeset
|
711 This executes @var{forms} exactly like a @code{progn}, except that |
af599a62c634
* dbus.texi (Errors and Events): New macro dbus-ignore-errors.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87585
diff
changeset
|
712 @code{dbus-error} errors are ignored during the @var{forms}. These |
af599a62c634
* dbus.texi (Errors and Events): New macro dbus-ignore-errors.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87585
diff
changeset
|
713 errors can be made visible when variable @code{dbus-debug} is set to |
af599a62c634
* dbus.texi (Errors and Events): New macro dbus-ignore-errors.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87585
diff
changeset
|
714 @code{t}. |
af599a62c634
* dbus.texi (Errors and Events): New macro dbus-ignore-errors.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87585
diff
changeset
|
715 @end defspec |
86942
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
716 |
87049
cbcfa9b4201e
* dbus.texi (Signals): Precise `dbus-register-signal'.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87004
diff
changeset
|
717 Incoming D-Bus messages are handled as Emacs events (see @pxref{Misc |
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* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
718 Events, , , elisp}). The generated event has this form: |
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
719 |
91590
6834ec860aff
* dbus.texi (all): Wrap Lisp code examples with @lisp ... @end lisp.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87883
diff
changeset
|
720 @lisp |
87585
072778cd2f17
* dbus.texi (Receiving Method Calls): New chapter.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87540
diff
changeset
|
721 (dbus-event @var{bus} @var{serial} @var{service} @var{path} @var{interface} @var{member} @var{handler} &rest @var{args}) |
91590
6834ec860aff
* dbus.texi (all): Wrap Lisp code examples with @lisp ... @end lisp.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87883
diff
changeset
|
722 @end lisp |
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* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
723 |
87049
cbcfa9b4201e
* dbus.texi (Signals): Precise `dbus-register-signal'.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87004
diff
changeset
|
724 @var{bus} identifies the D-Bus the signal is coming from. It is |
cbcfa9b4201e
* dbus.texi (Signals): Precise `dbus-register-signal'.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87004
diff
changeset
|
725 either the symbol @code{:system} or the symbol @code{:session}. |
86942
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
726 |
87585
072778cd2f17
* dbus.texi (Receiving Method Calls): New chapter.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87540
diff
changeset
|
727 @var{serial} is the serial number of the received D-Bus message if it |
072778cd2f17
* dbus.texi (Receiving Method Calls): New chapter.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87540
diff
changeset
|
728 is a method call, or @code{nil}. |
072778cd2f17
* dbus.texi (Receiving Method Calls): New chapter.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87540
diff
changeset
|
729 |
86942
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
730 @var{service} and @var{path} are the unique name and the object path |
87585
072778cd2f17
* dbus.texi (Receiving Method Calls): New chapter.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87540
diff
changeset
|
731 of the D-Bus object emitting the message. @var{interface} and |
072778cd2f17
* dbus.texi (Receiving Method Calls): New chapter.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87540
diff
changeset
|
732 @var{member} denote the message which has been sent. |
86942
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
733 |
87158
f10e4cb7d001
* dbus.texi (Synchronous Methods): Adapt dbus-call-method.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87053
diff
changeset
|
734 @var{handler} is the callback function which has been registered for |
87585
072778cd2f17
* dbus.texi (Receiving Method Calls): New chapter.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87540
diff
changeset
|
735 this message (see @pxref{Signals}). When a @code{dbus-event} event |
87158
f10e4cb7d001
* dbus.texi (Synchronous Methods): Adapt dbus-call-method.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87053
diff
changeset
|
736 arrives, @var{handler} is called with @var{args} as arguments. |
f10e4cb7d001
* dbus.texi (Synchronous Methods): Adapt dbus-call-method.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87053
diff
changeset
|
737 |
86942
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
738 In order to inspect the @code{dbus-event} data, you could extend the |
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
739 definition of the callback function in @ref{Signals}: |
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
740 |
91590
6834ec860aff
* dbus.texi (all): Wrap Lisp code examples with @lisp ... @end lisp.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87883
diff
changeset
|
741 @lisp |
86942
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
742 (defun my-dbus-signal-handler (&rest args) |
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
743 (message "my-dbus-signal-handler: %S" last-input-event)) |
91590
6834ec860aff
* dbus.texi (all): Wrap Lisp code examples with @lisp ... @end lisp.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87883
diff
changeset
|
744 @end lisp |
86942
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
745 |
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
746 There exist convenience functions which could be called inside a |
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
747 callback function in order to retrieve the information from the event. |
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
748 |
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
749 @defun dbus-event-bus-name event |
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
750 Returns the bus name @var{event} is coming from. |
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
751 The result is either the symbol @code{:system} or the symbol @code{:session}. |
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
752 @end defun |
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
753 |
87585
072778cd2f17
* dbus.texi (Receiving Method Calls): New chapter.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87540
diff
changeset
|
754 @defun dbus-event-serial-number event |
072778cd2f17
* dbus.texi (Receiving Method Calls): New chapter.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87540
diff
changeset
|
755 Returns the serial number of the corresponding D-Bus message. |
072778cd2f17
* dbus.texi (Receiving Method Calls): New chapter.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87540
diff
changeset
|
756 The result is a number in case the D-Bus message is a method |
072778cd2f17
* dbus.texi (Receiving Method Calls): New chapter.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87540
diff
changeset
|
757 call, or @code{nil} for all other mesage types. |
072778cd2f17
* dbus.texi (Receiving Method Calls): New chapter.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87540
diff
changeset
|
758 @end defun |
072778cd2f17
* dbus.texi (Receiving Method Calls): New chapter.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
87540
diff
changeset
|
759 |
86942
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
760 @defun dbus-event-service-name event |
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
761 Returns the unique name of the D-Bus object @var{event} is coming from. |
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
762 @end defun |
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
763 |
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
764 @defun dbus-event-path-name event |
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
765 Returns the object path of the D-Bus object @var{event} is coming from. |
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
766 @end defun |
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
767 |
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
768 @defun dbus-event-interface-name event |
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
769 Returns the interface name of of the D-Bus object @var{event} is coming from. |
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
770 @end defun |
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
771 |
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
772 @defun dbus-event-member-name event |
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
773 Returns the member name of of the D-Bus object @var{event} is coming |
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
774 from. It is either a signal name or a method name. |
2fa0494ae318
* dbus.texi: New file.
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
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775 @end defun |
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776 |
87491
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777 D-Bus errors are not propagated during event handling, because it is |
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778 usually not desired. D-Bus errors in events can be made visible by |
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779 setting the variable @code{dbus-debug} to @code{t}. |
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780 |
86942
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781 |
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782 @node GNU Free Documentation License |
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783 @appendix GNU Free Documentation License |
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784 @include doclicense.texi |
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785 |
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786 @contents |
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787 @c End of dbus.texi |
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788 @bye |
87053 | 789 |
790 @ignore | |
791 arch-tag: 2eeec19d-0caf-44e0-a193-329d7f9951d8 | |
792 @end ignore |