annotate lispref/display.texi @ 49699:26f92cbfc5cb

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author Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
date Tue, 11 Feb 2003 00:36:54 +0000
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1 @c -*-texinfo-*-
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2 @c This is part of the GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual.
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3 @c Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002
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4 @c Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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5 @c See the file elisp.texi for copying conditions.
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6 @setfilename ../info/display
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7 @node Display, Calendar, Processes, Top
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8 @chapter Emacs Display
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9
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10 This chapter describes a number of features related to the display
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11 that Emacs presents to the user.
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12
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13 @menu
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14 * Refresh Screen:: Clearing the screen and redrawing everything on it.
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15 * Forcing Redisplay:: Forcing redisplay.
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16 * Truncation:: Folding or wrapping long text lines.
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17 * The Echo Area:: Where messages are displayed.
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18 * Invisible Text:: Hiding part of the buffer text.
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19 * Selective Display:: Hiding part of the buffer text (the old way).
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20 * Overlay Arrow:: Display of an arrow to indicate position.
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21 * Temporary Displays:: Displays that go away automatically.
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22 * Overlays:: Use overlays to highlight parts of the buffer.
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23 * Width:: How wide a character or string is on the screen.
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24 * Faces:: A face defines a graphics style for text characters:
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25 font, colors, etc.
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26 * Display Property:: Enabling special display features.
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27 * Images:: Displaying images in Emacs buffers.
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28 * Blinking:: How Emacs shows the matching open parenthesis.
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29 * Inverse Video:: Specifying how the screen looks.
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30 * Usual Display:: The usual conventions for displaying nonprinting chars.
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31 * Display Tables:: How to specify other conventions.
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32 * Beeping:: Audible signal to the user.
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33 * Window Systems:: Which window system is being used.
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34 @end menu
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35
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36 @node Refresh Screen
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37 @section Refreshing the Screen
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38
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39 The function @code{redraw-frame} redisplays the entire contents of a
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40 given frame (@pxref{Frames}).
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41
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42 @c Emacs 19 feature
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43 @defun redraw-frame frame
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44 This function clears and redisplays frame @var{frame}.
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45 @end defun
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46
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47 Even more powerful is @code{redraw-display}:
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48
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49 @deffn Command redraw-display
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50 This function clears and redisplays all visible frames.
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51 @end deffn
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52
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53 Processing user input takes absolute priority over redisplay. If you
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54 call these functions when input is available, they do nothing
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55 immediately, but a full redisplay does happen eventually---after all the
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56 input has been processed.
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57
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58 Normally, suspending and resuming Emacs also refreshes the screen.
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59 Some terminal emulators record separate contents for display-oriented
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60 programs such as Emacs and for ordinary sequential display. If you are
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61 using such a terminal, you might want to inhibit the redisplay on
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62 resumption.
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63
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64 @defvar no-redraw-on-reenter
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65 @cindex suspend (cf. @code{no-redraw-on-reenter})
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66 @cindex resume (cf. @code{no-redraw-on-reenter})
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67 This variable controls whether Emacs redraws the entire screen after it
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68 has been suspended and resumed. Non-@code{nil} means there is no need
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69 to redraw, @code{nil} means redrawing is needed. The default is @code{nil}.
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70 @end defvar
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71
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72 @node Forcing Redisplay
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73 @section Forcing Redisplay
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74 @cindex forcing redisplay
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75
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76 Emacs redisplay normally stops if input arrives, and does not happen
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77 at all if input is available before it starts. Most of the time, this
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78 is exactly what you want. However, you can prevent preemption by
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79 binding @code{redisplay-dont-pause} to a non-@code{nil} value.
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80
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81 @tindex redisplay-dont-pause
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82 @defvar redisplay-dont-pause
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83 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, pending input does not
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84 prevent or halt redisplay; redisplay occurs, and finishes,
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85 regardless of whether input is available. This feature is available
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86 as of Emacs 21.
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87 @end defvar
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88
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89 You can request a display update, but only if no input is pending,
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90 with @code{(sit-for 0)}. To force a display update even when input is
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91 pending, do this:
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92
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93 @example
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94 (let ((redisplay-dont-pause t))
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95 (sit-for 0))
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96 @end example
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97
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98 @node Truncation
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99 @section Truncation
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100 @cindex line wrapping
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101 @cindex continuation lines
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102 @cindex @samp{$} in display
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103 @cindex @samp{\} in display
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104
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105 When a line of text extends beyond the right edge of a window, the
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106 line can either be continued on the next screen line, or truncated to
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107 one screen line. The additional screen lines used to display a long
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108 text line are called @dfn{continuation} lines. Normally, a @samp{$} in
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109 the rightmost column of the window indicates truncation; a @samp{\} on
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110 the rightmost column indicates a line that ``wraps'' onto the next line,
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111 which is also called @dfn{continuing} the line. (The display table can
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112 specify alternative indicators; see @ref{Display Tables}.)
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113
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114 @cindex fringes, and line continuation/truncation indicators
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115 On a windowed display, the @samp{$} and @samp{\} indicators are
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116 replaced with graphics bitmaps displayed on the thin areas right near
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117 the window edges, called the @dfn{fringes}.
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118
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119 Note that continuation is different from filling; continuation happens
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120 on the screen only, not in the buffer contents, and it breaks a line
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121 precisely at the right margin, not at a word boundary. @xref{Filling}.
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122
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123 @defopt truncate-lines
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124 This buffer-local variable controls how Emacs displays lines that extend
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125 beyond the right edge of the window. The default is @code{nil}, which
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126 specifies continuation. If the value is non-@code{nil}, then these
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127 lines are truncated.
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128
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129 If the variable @code{truncate-partial-width-windows} is non-@code{nil},
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130 then truncation is always used for side-by-side windows (within one
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131 frame) regardless of the value of @code{truncate-lines}.
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132 @end defopt
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133
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134 @defopt default-truncate-lines
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135 This variable is the default value for @code{truncate-lines}, for
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136 buffers that do not have buffer-local values for it.
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137 @end defopt
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138
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139 @defopt truncate-partial-width-windows
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140 This variable controls display of lines that extend beyond the right
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141 edge of the window, in side-by-side windows (@pxref{Splitting Windows}).
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142 If it is non-@code{nil}, these lines are truncated; otherwise,
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143 @code{truncate-lines} says what to do with them.
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144 @end defopt
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145
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146 When horizontal scrolling (@pxref{Horizontal Scrolling}) is in use in
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147 a window, that forces truncation.
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148
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149 You can override the glyphs that indicate continuation or truncation
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150 using the display table; see @ref{Display Tables}.
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151
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152 If your buffer contains @emph{very} long lines, and you use
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153 continuation to display them, just thinking about them can make Emacs
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154 redisplay slow. The column computation and indentation functions also
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155 become slow. Then you might find it advisable to set
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156 @code{cache-long-line-scans} to @code{t}.
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157
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158 @defvar cache-long-line-scans
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159 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, various indentation and motion
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160 functions, and Emacs redisplay, cache the results of scanning the
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161 buffer, and consult the cache to avoid rescanning regions of the buffer
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162 unless they are modified.
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163
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164 Turning on the cache slows down processing of short lines somewhat.
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165
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166 This variable is automatically buffer-local in every buffer.
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167 @end defvar
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168
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169 @node The Echo Area
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170 @section The Echo Area
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171 @cindex error display
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172 @cindex echo area
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173
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174 The @dfn{echo area} is used for displaying messages made with the
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175 @code{message} primitive, and for echoing keystrokes. It is not the
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176 same as the minibuffer, despite the fact that the minibuffer appears
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177 (when active) in the same place on the screen as the echo area. The
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178 @cite{GNU Emacs Manual} specifies the rules for resolving conflicts
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179 between the echo area and the minibuffer for use of that screen space
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180 (@pxref{Minibuffer,, The Minibuffer, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}).
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181 Error messages appear in the echo area; see @ref{Errors}.
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182
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183 You can write output in the echo area by using the Lisp printing
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184 functions with @code{t} as the stream (@pxref{Output Functions}), or as
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185 follows:
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186
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187 @defun message string &rest arguments
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188 This function displays a message in the echo area. The
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189 argument @var{string} is similar to a C language @code{printf} control
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190 string. See @code{format} in @ref{String Conversion}, for the details
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191 on the conversion specifications. @code{message} returns the
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192 constructed string.
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193
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194 In batch mode, @code{message} prints the message text on the standard
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195 error stream, followed by a newline.
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196
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197 If @var{string}, or strings among the @var{arguments}, have @code{face}
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198 text properties, these affect the way the message is displayed.
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199
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200 @c Emacs 19 feature
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201 If @var{string} is @code{nil}, @code{message} clears the echo area; if
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202 the echo area has been expanded automatically, this brings it back to
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203 its normal size. If the minibuffer is active, this brings the
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204 minibuffer contents back onto the screen immediately.
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205
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206 @vindex message-truncate-lines
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207 Normally, displaying a long message resizes the echo area to display
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208 the entire message. But if the variable @code{message-truncate-lines}
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209 is non-@code{nil}, the echo area does not resize, and the message is
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210 truncated to fit it, as in Emacs 20 and before.
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211
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212 @example
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213 @group
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214 (message "Minibuffer depth is %d."
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215 (minibuffer-depth))
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216 @print{} Minibuffer depth is 0.
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217 @result{} "Minibuffer depth is 0."
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218 @end group
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219
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220 @group
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221 ---------- Echo Area ----------
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222 Minibuffer depth is 0.
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223 ---------- Echo Area ----------
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224 @end group
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225 @end example
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226
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227 To automatically display a message in the echo area or in a pop-buffer,
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228 depending on its size, use @code{display-message-or-buffer}.
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229 @end defun
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230
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231 @tindex with-temp-message
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232 @defmac with-temp-message message &rest body
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233 This construct displays a message in the echo area temporarily, during
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234 the execution of @var{body}. It displays @var{message}, executes
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235 @var{body}, then returns the value of the last body form while restoring
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236 the previous echo area contents.
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237 @end defmac
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238
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239 @defun message-or-box string &rest arguments
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240 This function displays a message like @code{message}, but may display it
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241 in a dialog box instead of the echo area. If this function is called in
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242 a command that was invoked using the mouse---more precisely, if
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243 @code{last-nonmenu-event} (@pxref{Command Loop Info}) is either
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244 @code{nil} or a list---then it uses a dialog box or pop-up menu to
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245 display the message. Otherwise, it uses the echo area. (This is the
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246 same criterion that @code{y-or-n-p} uses to make a similar decision; see
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247 @ref{Yes-or-No Queries}.)
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248
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249 You can force use of the mouse or of the echo area by binding
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250 @code{last-nonmenu-event} to a suitable value around the call.
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251 @end defun
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252
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253 @defun message-box string &rest arguments
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254 This function displays a message like @code{message}, but uses a dialog
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255 box (or a pop-up menu) whenever that is possible. If it is impossible
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256 to use a dialog box or pop-up menu, because the terminal does not
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257 support them, then @code{message-box} uses the echo area, like
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258 @code{message}.
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259 @end defun
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260
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261 @defun display-message-or-buffer message &optional buffer-name not-this-window frame
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262 @tindex display-message-or-buffer
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263 This function displays the message @var{message}, which may be either a
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264 string or a buffer. If it is shorter than the maximum height of the
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265 echo area, as defined by @code{max-mini-window-height}, it is displayed
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266 in the echo area, using @code{message}. Otherwise,
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267 @code{display-buffer} is used to show it in a pop-up buffer.
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268
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269 Returns either the string shown in the echo area, or when a pop-up
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270 buffer is used, the window used to display it.
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271
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272 If @var{message} is a string, then the optional argument
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273 @var{buffer-name} is the name of the buffer used to display it when a
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274 pop-up buffer is used, defaulting to @samp{*Message*}. In the case
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275 where @var{message} is a string and displayed in the echo area, it is
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276 not specified whether the contents are inserted into the buffer anyway.
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277
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278 The optional arguments @var{not-this-window} and @var{frame} are as for
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279 @code{display-buffer}, and only used if a buffer is displayed.
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280 @end defun
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281
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282 @defun current-message
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283 This function returns the message currently being displayed in the
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284 echo area, or @code{nil} if there is none.
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285 @end defun
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286
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287 @defvar cursor-in-echo-area
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288 This variable controls where the cursor appears when a message is
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289 displayed in the echo area. If it is non-@code{nil}, then the cursor
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290 appears at the end of the message. Otherwise, the cursor appears at
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291 point---not in the echo area at all.
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292
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293 The value is normally @code{nil}; Lisp programs bind it to @code{t}
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294 for brief periods of time.
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295 @end defvar
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296
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297 @defvar echo-area-clear-hook
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298 This normal hook is run whenever the echo area is cleared---either by
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299 @code{(message nil)} or for any other reason.
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300 @end defvar
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301
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302 Almost all the messages displayed in the echo area are also recorded
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303 in the @samp{*Messages*} buffer.
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304
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305 @defopt message-log-max
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306 This variable specifies how many lines to keep in the @samp{*Messages*}
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307 buffer. The value @code{t} means there is no limit on how many lines to
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308 keep. The value @code{nil} disables message logging entirely. Here's
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309 how to display a message and prevent it from being logged:
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310
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311 @example
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312 (let (message-log-max)
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313 (message @dots{}))
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314 @end example
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315 @end defopt
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316
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317 @defvar echo-keystrokes
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318 This variable determines how much time should elapse before command
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319 characters echo. Its value must be an integer or floating point number,
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320 which specifies the
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321 number of seconds to wait before echoing. If the user types a prefix
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322 key (such as @kbd{C-x}) and then delays this many seconds before
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323 continuing, the prefix key is echoed in the echo area. (Once echoing
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324 begins in a key sequence, all subsequent characters in the same key
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325 sequence are echoed immediately.)
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326
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327 If the value is zero, then command input is not echoed.
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328 @end defvar
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329
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330 @node Invisible Text
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331 @section Invisible Text
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332
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333 @cindex invisible text
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334 You can make characters @dfn{invisible}, so that they do not appear on
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335 the screen, with the @code{invisible} property. This can be either a
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336 text property (@pxref{Text Properties}) or a property of an overlay
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337 (@pxref{Overlays}).
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338
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339 In the simplest case, any non-@code{nil} @code{invisible} property makes
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340 a character invisible. This is the default case---if you don't alter
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341 the default value of @code{buffer-invisibility-spec}, this is how the
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342 @code{invisible} property works. You should normally use @code{t}
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343 as the value of the @code{invisible} property if you don't plan
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344 to set @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} yourself.
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345
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346 More generally, you can use the variable @code{buffer-invisibility-spec}
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347 to control which values of the @code{invisible} property make text
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348 invisible. This permits you to classify the text into different subsets
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349 in advance, by giving them different @code{invisible} values, and
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350 subsequently make various subsets visible or invisible by changing the
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351 value of @code{buffer-invisibility-spec}.
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352
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353 Controlling visibility with @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} is
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354 especially useful in a program to display the list of entries in a
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355 database. It permits the implementation of convenient filtering
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356 commands to view just a part of the entries in the database. Setting
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357 this variable is very fast, much faster than scanning all the text in
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358 the buffer looking for properties to change.
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359
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360 @defvar buffer-invisibility-spec
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361 This variable specifies which kinds of @code{invisible} properties
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362 actually make a character invisible.
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363
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364 @table @asis
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365 @item @code{t}
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366 A character is invisible if its @code{invisible} property is
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367 non-@code{nil}. This is the default.
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368
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369 @item a list
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370 Each element of the list specifies a criterion for invisibility; if a
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371 character's @code{invisible} property fits any one of these criteria,
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372 the character is invisible. The list can have two kinds of elements:
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373
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374 @table @code
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375 @item @var{atom}
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376 A character is invisible if its @code{invisible} property value
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377 is @var{atom} or if it is a list with @var{atom} as a member.
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378
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379 @item (@var{atom} . t)
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380 A character is invisible if its @code{invisible} property value
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381 is @var{atom} or if it is a list with @var{atom} as a member.
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382 Moreover, if this character is at the end of a line and is followed
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383 by a visible newline, it displays an ellipsis.
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384 @end table
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385 @end table
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386 @end defvar
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387
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388 Two functions are specifically provided for adding elements to
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389 @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} and removing elements from it.
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390
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391 @defun add-to-invisibility-spec element
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392 This function adds the element @var{element} to
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393 @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} (if it is not already present in that
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394 list). If @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} was @code{t}, it changes to
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395 a list, @code{(t)}, so that text whose @code{invisible} property
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396 is @code{t} remains invisible.
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397 @end defun
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398
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399 @defun remove-from-invisibility-spec element
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400 This removeds the element @var{element} from
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401 @code{buffer-invisibility-spec}. This does nothing if @var{element}
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402 is not in the list.
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403 @end defun
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404
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405 A convention for use of @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} is that a
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406 major mode should use the mode's own name as an element of
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407 @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} and as the value of the
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408 @code{invisible} property:
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409
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410 @example
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411 ;; @r{If you want to display an ellipsis:}
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412 (add-to-invisibility-spec '(my-symbol . t))
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413 ;; @r{If you don't want ellipsis:}
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414 (add-to-invisibility-spec 'my-symbol)
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415
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416 (overlay-put (make-overlay beginning end)
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417 'invisible 'my-symbol)
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418
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419 ;; @r{When done with the overlays:}
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420 (remove-from-invisibility-spec '(my-symbol . t))
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421 ;; @r{Or respectively:}
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422 (remove-from-invisibility-spec 'my-symbol)
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423 @end example
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424
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425 @vindex line-move-ignore-invisible
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426 Ordinarily, commands that operate on text or move point do not care
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427 whether the text is invisible. The user-level line motion commands
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428 explicitly ignore invisible newlines if
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429 @code{line-move-ignore-invisible} is non-@code{nil}, but only because
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430 they are explicitly programmed to do so.
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431
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432 Incremental search can make invisible overlays visible temporarily
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433 and/or permanently when a match includes invisible text. To enable
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434 this, the overlay should have a non-@code{nil}
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435 @code{isearch-open-invisible} property. The property value should be a
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436 function to be called with the overlay as an argument. This function
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437 should make the overlay visible permanently; it is used when the match
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438 overlaps the overlay on exit from the search.
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439
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440 During the search, such overlays are made temporarily visible by
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441 temporarily modifying their invisible and intangible properties. If you
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442 want this to be done differently for a certain overlay, give it an
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443 @code{isearch-open-invisible-temporary} property which is a function.
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444 The function is called with two arguments: the first is the overlay, and
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445 the second is @code{nil} to make the overlay visible, or @code{t} to
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446 make it invisible again.
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447
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448 @node Selective Display
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449 @section Selective Display
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450 @cindex selective display
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451
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452 @dfn{Selective display} refers to a pair of related features for
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453 hiding certain lines on the screen.
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454
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455 The first variant, explicit selective display, is designed for use in
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456 a Lisp program: it controls which lines are hidden by altering the text.
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457 The invisible text feature (@pxref{Invisible Text}) has partially
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458 replaced this feature.
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459
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460 In the second variant, the choice of lines to hide is made
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461 automatically based on indentation. This variant is designed to be a
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462 user-level feature.
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463
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464 The way you control explicit selective display is by replacing a
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465 newline (control-j) with a carriage return (control-m). The text that
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466 was formerly a line following that newline is now invisible. Strictly
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467 speaking, it is temporarily no longer a line at all, since only newlines
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468 can separate lines; it is now part of the previous line.
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469
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470 Selective display does not directly affect editing commands. For
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471 example, @kbd{C-f} (@code{forward-char}) moves point unhesitatingly into
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472 invisible text. However, the replacement of newline characters with
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473 carriage return characters affects some editing commands. For example,
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474 @code{next-line} skips invisible lines, since it searches only for
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475 newlines. Modes that use selective display can also define commands
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476 that take account of the newlines, or that make parts of the text
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477 visible or invisible.
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478
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479 When you write a selectively displayed buffer into a file, all the
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480 control-m's are output as newlines. This means that when you next read
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481 in the file, it looks OK, with nothing invisible. The selective display
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482 effect is seen only within Emacs.
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483
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484 @defvar selective-display
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485 This buffer-local variable enables selective display. This means that
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486 lines, or portions of lines, may be made invisible.
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487
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488 @itemize @bullet
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489 @item
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490 If the value of @code{selective-display} is @code{t}, then the character
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491 control-m marks the start of invisible text; the control-m, and the rest
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492 of the line following it, are not displayed. This is explicit selective
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493 display.
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494
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495 @item
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496 If the value of @code{selective-display} is a positive integer, then
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497 lines that start with more than that many columns of indentation are not
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498 displayed.
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499 @end itemize
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500
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501 When some portion of a buffer is invisible, the vertical movement
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502 commands operate as if that portion did not exist, allowing a single
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503 @code{next-line} command to skip any number of invisible lines.
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504 However, character movement commands (such as @code{forward-char}) do
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505 not skip the invisible portion, and it is possible (if tricky) to insert
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506 or delete text in an invisible portion.
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507
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508 In the examples below, we show the @emph{display appearance} of the
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509 buffer @code{foo}, which changes with the value of
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510 @code{selective-display}. The @emph{contents} of the buffer do not
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511 change.
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512
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513 @example
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514 @group
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515 (setq selective-display nil)
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516 @result{} nil
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517
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518 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
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519 1 on this column
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520 2on this column
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521 3n this column
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522 3n this column
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523 2on this column
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524 1 on this column
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525 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
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526 @end group
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527
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528 @group
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529 (setq selective-display 2)
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530 @result{} 2
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531
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532 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
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533 1 on this column
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534 2on this column
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535 2on this column
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536 1 on this column
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537 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
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538 @end group
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539 @end example
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540 @end defvar
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541
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542 @defvar selective-display-ellipses
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543 If this buffer-local variable is non-@code{nil}, then Emacs displays
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544 @samp{@dots{}} at the end of a line that is followed by invisible text.
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545 This example is a continuation of the previous one.
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546
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547 @example
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548 @group
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549 (setq selective-display-ellipses t)
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550 @result{} t
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551
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552 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
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553 1 on this column
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554 2on this column ...
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555 2on this column
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556 1 on this column
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557 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
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558 @end group
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559 @end example
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560
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561 You can use a display table to substitute other text for the ellipsis
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562 (@samp{@dots{}}). @xref{Display Tables}.
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563 @end defvar
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564
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565 @node Overlay Arrow
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566 @section The Overlay Arrow
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567 @cindex overlay arrow
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568
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569 The @dfn{overlay arrow} is useful for directing the user's attention
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570 to a particular line in a buffer. For example, in the modes used for
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571 interface to debuggers, the overlay arrow indicates the line of code
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572 about to be executed.
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573
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574 @defvar overlay-arrow-string
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diff changeset
575 @cindex fringe, and overlay arrow display
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576 This variable holds the string to display to call attention to a
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577 particular line, or @code{nil} if the arrow feature is not in use.
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578 On a graphical display the contents of the string are ignored; instead a
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579 glyph is displayed in the fringe area to the left of the display area.
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580 @end defvar
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581
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582 @defvar overlay-arrow-position
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583 This variable holds a marker that indicates where to display the overlay
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584 arrow. It should point at the beginning of a line. On a non-graphical
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585 display the arrow text
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586 appears at the beginning of that line, overlaying any text that would
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587 otherwise appear. Since the arrow is usually short, and the line
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588 usually begins with indentation, normally nothing significant is
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589 overwritten.
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590
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591 The overlay string is displayed only in the buffer that this marker
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592 points into. Thus, only one buffer can have an overlay arrow at any
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593 given time.
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594 @c !!! overlay-arrow-position: but the overlay string may remain in the display
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595 @c of some other buffer until an update is required. This should be fixed
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596 @c now. Is it?
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597 @end defvar
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598
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599 You can do a similar job by creating an overlay with a
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600 @code{before-string} property. @xref{Overlay Properties}.
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601
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602 @node Temporary Displays
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603 @section Temporary Displays
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604
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605 Temporary displays are used by Lisp programs to put output into a
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606 buffer and then present it to the user for perusal rather than for
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607 editing. Many help commands use this feature.
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608
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609 @defspec with-output-to-temp-buffer buffer-name forms@dots{}
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610 This function executes @var{forms} while arranging to insert any output
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611 they print into the buffer named @var{buffer-name}, which is first
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612 created if necessary, and put into Help mode. Finally, the buffer is
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613 displayed in some window, but not selected.
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614
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615 If the @var{forms} do not change the major mode in the output buffer, so
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616 that it is still Help mode at the end of their execution, then
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617 @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} makes this buffer read-only at the
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618 end, and also scans it for function and variable names to make them into
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619 clickable cross-references.
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620
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621 The string @var{buffer-name} specifies the temporary buffer, which
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622 need not already exist. The argument must be a string, not a buffer.
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623 The buffer is erased initially (with no questions asked), and it is
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624 marked as unmodified after @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} exits.
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625
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626 @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} binds @code{standard-output} to the
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627 temporary buffer, then it evaluates the forms in @var{forms}. Output
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628 using the Lisp output functions within @var{forms} goes by default to
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629 that buffer (but screen display and messages in the echo area, although
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630 they are ``output'' in the general sense of the word, are not affected).
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631 @xref{Output Functions}.
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parents:
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632
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633 Several hooks are available for customizing the behavior
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634 of this construct; they are listed below.
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635
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636 The value of the last form in @var{forms} is returned.
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637
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638 @example
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639 @group
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640 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
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641 This is the contents of foo.
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parents:
diff changeset
642 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
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643 @end group
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parents:
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644
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645 @group
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parents:
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646 (with-output-to-temp-buffer "foo"
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647 (print 20)
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parents:
diff changeset
648 (print standard-output))
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649 @result{} #<buffer foo>
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650
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651 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
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parents:
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652 20
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653
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654 #<buffer foo>
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655
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656 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
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657 @end group
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658 @end example
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659 @end defspec
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parents:
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660
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661 @defvar temp-buffer-show-function
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parents: 8925
diff changeset
662 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer}
6598
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663 calls it as a function to do the job of displaying a help buffer. The
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
664 function gets one argument, which is the buffer it should display.
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parents: 21682
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665
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666 It is a good idea for this function to run @code{temp-buffer-show-hook}
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parents: 21682
diff changeset
667 just as @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} normally would, inside of
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parents: 22843
diff changeset
668 @code{save-selected-window} and with the chosen window and buffer
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parents: 21682
diff changeset
669 selected.
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670 @end defvar
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parents: 21682
diff changeset
671
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672 @defvar temp-buffer-setup-hook
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673 @tindex temp-buffer-setup-hook
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diff changeset
674 This normal hook is run by @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} before
42082
20c1f73d3db3 Minor clarification.
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parents: 41058
diff changeset
675 evaluating @var{body}. When the hook runs, the temporary buffer is
20c1f73d3db3 Minor clarification.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41058
diff changeset
676 current. This hook is normally set up with a function to put the
20c1f73d3db3 Minor clarification.
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parents: 41058
diff changeset
677 buffer in Help mode.
24951
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678 @end defvar
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parents: 22843
diff changeset
679
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diff changeset
680 @defvar temp-buffer-show-hook
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 21682
diff changeset
681 This normal hook is run by @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} after
42082
20c1f73d3db3 Minor clarification.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41058
diff changeset
682 displaying the temporary buffer. When the hook runs, the temporary buffer
20c1f73d3db3 Minor clarification.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41058
diff changeset
683 is current, and the window it was displayed in is selected. This hook
20c1f73d3db3 Minor clarification.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41058
diff changeset
684 is normally set up with a function to make the buffer read only, and
20c1f73d3db3 Minor clarification.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41058
diff changeset
685 find function names and variable names in it, provided the major mode
20c1f73d3db3 Minor clarification.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41058
diff changeset
686 is Help mode.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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687 @end defvar
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
688
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parents:
diff changeset
689 @defun momentary-string-display string position &optional char message
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
690 This function momentarily displays @var{string} in the current buffer at
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
691 @var{position}. It has no effect on the undo list or on the buffer's
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
692 modification status.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
693
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
694 The momentary display remains until the next input event. If the next
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
695 input event is @var{char}, @code{momentary-string-display} ignores it
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
696 and returns. Otherwise, that event remains buffered for subsequent use
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
697 as input. Thus, typing @var{char} will simply remove the string from
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
698 the display, while typing (say) @kbd{C-f} will remove the string from
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
699 the display and later (presumably) move point forward. The argument
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
700 @var{char} is a space by default.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
701
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
702 The return value of @code{momentary-string-display} is not meaningful.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
703
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
704 If the string @var{string} does not contain control characters, you can
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
705 do the same job in a more general way by creating (and then subsequently
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
706 deleting) an overlay with a @code{before-string} property.
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
707 @xref{Overlay Properties}.
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
708
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
709 If @var{message} is non-@code{nil}, it is displayed in the echo area
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
710 while @var{string} is displayed in the buffer. If it is @code{nil}, a
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
711 default message says to type @var{char} to continue.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
712
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
713 In this example, point is initially located at the beginning of the
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
714 second line:
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
715
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diff changeset
716 @example
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parents:
diff changeset
717 @group
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
718 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
719 This is the contents of foo.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
720 @point{}Second line.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
721 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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diff changeset
722 @end group
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
723
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
724 @group
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
725 (momentary-string-display
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
726 "**** Important Message! ****"
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
727 (point) ?\r
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
728 "Type RET when done reading")
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
729 @result{} t
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
730 @end group
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
731
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
732 @group
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
733 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
734 This is the contents of foo.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
735 **** Important Message! ****Second line.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
736 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
737
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
738 ---------- Echo Area ----------
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
739 Type RET when done reading
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
740 ---------- Echo Area ----------
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
741 @end group
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
742 @end example
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
743 @end defun
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
744
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
745 @node Overlays
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
746 @section Overlays
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
747 @cindex overlays
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
748
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
749 You can use @dfn{overlays} to alter the appearance of a buffer's text on
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
750 the screen, for the sake of presentation features. An overlay is an
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
751 object that belongs to a particular buffer, and has a specified
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
752 beginning and end. It also has properties that you can examine and set;
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
753 these affect the display of the text within the overlay.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
754
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
755 @menu
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
756 * Overlay Properties:: How to read and set properties.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
757 What properties do to the screen display.
26698
73f718a9df4b (Overlays): Add menu entry for Finding Overlays.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26696
diff changeset
758 * Managing Overlays:: Creating and moving overlays.
73f718a9df4b (Overlays): Add menu entry for Finding Overlays.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26696
diff changeset
759 * Finding Overlays:: Searching for overlays.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
760 @end menu
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
761
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
762 @node Overlay Properties
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
763 @subsection Overlay Properties
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
764
25751
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
765 Overlay properties are like text properties in that the properties that
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 21682
diff changeset
766 alter how a character is displayed can come from either source. But in
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 21682
diff changeset
767 most respects they are different. Text properties are considered a part
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 21682
diff changeset
768 of the text; overlays are specifically considered not to be part of the
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 21682
diff changeset
769 text. Thus, copying text between various buffers and strings preserves
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 21682
diff changeset
770 text properties, but does not try to preserve overlays. Changing a
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
771 buffer's text properties marks the buffer as modified, while moving an
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
772 overlay or changing its properties does not. Unlike text property
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 21682
diff changeset
773 changes, overlay changes are not recorded in the buffer's undo list.
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 21682
diff changeset
774 @xref{Text Properties}, for comparison.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
775
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
776 These functions are used for reading and writing the properties of an
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
777 overlay:
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
778
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
779 @defun overlay-get overlay prop
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
780 This function returns the value of property @var{prop} recorded in
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
781 @var{overlay}, if any. If @var{overlay} does not record any value for
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
782 that property, but it does have a @code{category} property which is a
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
783 symbol, that symbol's @var{prop} property is used. Otherwise, the value
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
784 is @code{nil}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
785 @end defun
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
786
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
787 @defun overlay-put overlay prop value
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
788 This function sets the value of property @var{prop} recorded in
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
789 @var{overlay} to @var{value}. It returns @var{value}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
790 @end defun
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
791
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
792 See also the function @code{get-char-property} which checks both
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
793 overlay properties and text properties for a given character.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
794 @xref{Examining Properties}.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
795
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
796 Many overlay properties have special meanings; here is a table
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
797 of them:
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
798
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diff changeset
799 @table @code
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parents:
diff changeset
800 @item priority
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parents:
diff changeset
801 @kindex priority @r{(overlay property)}
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
802 This property's value (which should be a nonnegative number) determines
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
803 the priority of the overlay. The priority matters when two or more
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
804 overlays cover the same character and both specify a face for display;
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
805 the one whose @code{priority} value is larger takes priority over the
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
806 other, and its face attributes override the face attributes of the lower
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
807 priority overlay.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
808
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
809 Currently, all overlays take priority over text properties. Please
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
810 avoid using negative priority values, as we have not yet decided just
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
811 what they should mean.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
812
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
813 @item window
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
814 @kindex window @r{(overlay property)}
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
815 If the @code{window} property is non-@code{nil}, then the overlay
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
816 applies only on that window.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
817
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parents: 10211
diff changeset
818 @item category
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Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
819 @kindex category @r{(overlay property)}
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
820 If an overlay has a @code{category} property, we call it the
12098
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Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
821 @dfn{category} of the overlay. It should be a symbol. The properties
12067
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Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
822 of the symbol serve as defaults for the properties of the overlay.
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Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
823
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diff changeset
824 @item face
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parents:
diff changeset
825 @kindex face @r{(overlay property)}
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
826 This property controls the way text is displayed---for example, which
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
827 font and which colors. @xref{Faces}, for more information.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
828
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
829 In the simplest case, the value is a face name. It can also be a list;
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
830 then each element can be any of these possibilities:
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
831
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
832 @itemize @bullet
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
833 @item
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
834 A face name (a symbol or string).
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
835
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
836 @item
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
837 Starting in Emacs 21, a property list of face attributes. This has the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
838 form (@var{keyword} @var{value} @dots{}), where each @var{keyword} is a
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
839 face attribute name and @var{value} is a meaningful value for that
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
840 attribute. With this feature, you do not need to create a face each
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
841 time you want to specify a particular attribute for certain text.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
842 @xref{Face Attributes}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
843
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
844 @item
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
845 A cons cell of the form @code{(foreground-color . @var{color-name})} or
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
846 @code{(background-color . @var{color-name})}. These elements specify
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
847 just the foreground color or just the background color.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
848
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
849 @code{(foreground-color . @var{color-name})} is equivalent to
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
850 @code{(:foreground @var{color-name})}, and likewise for the background.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
851 @end itemize
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parents:
diff changeset
852
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parents:
diff changeset
853 @item mouse-face
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
854 @kindex mouse-face @r{(overlay property)}
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
855 This property is used instead of @code{face} when the mouse is within
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
856 the range of the overlay.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
857
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
858 @item display
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
859 @kindex display @r{(overlay property)}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
860 This property activates various features that change the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
861 way text is displayed. For example, it can make text appear taller
38278
9e543d761717 Fix several typos.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37949
diff changeset
862 or shorter, higher or lower, wider or narrower, or replaced with an image.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
863 @xref{Display Property}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
864
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
865 @item help-echo
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
866 @kindex help-echo @r{(text property)}
31373
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
867 If an overlay has a @code{help-echo} property, then when you move the
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
868 mouse onto the text in the overlay, Emacs displays a help string in the
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
869 echo area, or in the tooltip window. For details see @ref{Text
45750
73b33fa2ec78 Delete "new in Emacs 21" note.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 45745
diff changeset
870 help-echo}.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
871
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
872 @item modification-hooks
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
873 @kindex modification-hooks @r{(overlay property)}
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
874 This property's value is a list of functions to be called if any
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
875 character within the overlay is changed or if text is inserted strictly
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
876 within the overlay.
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
877
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
878 The hook functions are called both before and after each change.
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
879 If the functions save the information they receive, and compare notes
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
880 between calls, they can determine exactly what change has been made
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
881 in the buffer text.
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
882
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
883 When called before a change, each function receives four arguments: the
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
884 overlay, @code{nil}, and the beginning and end of the text range to be
7086
075343a6b32b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6598
diff changeset
885 modified.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
886
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
887 When called after a change, each function receives five arguments: the
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
888 overlay, @code{t}, the beginning and end of the text range just
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
889 modified, and the length of the pre-change text replaced by that range.
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
890 (For an insertion, the pre-change length is zero; for a deletion, that
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
891 length is the number of characters deleted, and the post-change
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
892 beginning and end are equal.)
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
893
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
894 @item insert-in-front-hooks
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
895 @kindex insert-in-front-hooks @r{(overlay property)}
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
896 This property's value is a list of functions to be called before and
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
897 after inserting text right at the beginning of the overlay. The calling
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
898 conventions are the same as for the @code{modification-hooks} functions.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
899
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
900 @item insert-behind-hooks
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
901 @kindex insert-behind-hooks @r{(overlay property)}
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
902 This property's value is a list of functions to be called before and
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
903 after inserting text right at the end of the overlay. The calling
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
904 conventions are the same as for the @code{modification-hooks} functions.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
905
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
906 @item invisible
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
907 @kindex invisible @r{(overlay property)}
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
908 The @code{invisible} property can make the text in the overlay
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
909 invisible, which means that it does not appear on the screen.
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
910 @xref{Invisible Text}, for details.
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
911
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
912 @item intangible
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
913 @kindex intangible @r{(overlay property)}
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
914 The @code{intangible} property on an overlay works just like the
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
915 @code{intangible} text property. @xref{Special Properties}, for details.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
916
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
917 @item isearch-open-invisible
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
918 This property tells incremental search how to make an invisible overlay
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
919 visible, permanently, if the final match overlaps it. @xref{Invisible
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
920 Text}.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
921
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
922 @item isearch-open-invisible-temporary
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
923 This property tells incremental search how to make an invisible overlay
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
924 visible, temporarily, during the search. @xref{Invisible Text}.
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
925
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
926 @item before-string
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
927 @kindex before-string @r{(overlay property)}
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
928 This property's value is a string to add to the display at the beginning
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
929 of the overlay. The string does not appear in the buffer in any
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
930 sense---only on the screen.
6598
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parents:
diff changeset
931
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
932 @item after-string
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
933 @kindex after-string @r{(overlay property)}
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
934 This property's value is a string to add to the display at the end of
db2685239be9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
935 the overlay. The string does not appear in the buffer in any
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
936 sense---only on the screen.
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
937
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
938 @item evaporate
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
939 @kindex evaporate @r{(overlay property)}
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
940 If this property is non-@code{nil}, the overlay is deleted automatically
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
941 if it ever becomes empty (i.e., if it spans no characters).
16123
ec5f48fe0320 Mention local-value property on an overlay.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15761
diff changeset
942
29102
ba9cfbfc601e *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 29076
diff changeset
943 @item local-map
29076
c7c150b377c0 *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28792
diff changeset
944 @cindex keymap of character (and overlays)
29102
ba9cfbfc601e *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 29076
diff changeset
945 @kindex local-map @r{(overlay property)}
29076
c7c150b377c0 *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28792
diff changeset
946 If this property is non-@code{nil}, it specifies a keymap for a portion
c7c150b377c0 *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28792
diff changeset
947 of the text. The property's value replaces the buffer's local map, when
c7c150b377c0 *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28792
diff changeset
948 the character after point is within the overlay. @xref{Active Keymaps}.
33996
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
949
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
950 @item keymap
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
951 @kindex keymap @r{(overlay property)}
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
952 The @code{keymap} property is similar to @code{local-map} but overrides the
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
953 buffer's local map (and the map specified by the @code{local-map}
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
954 property) rather than replacing it.
29076
c7c150b377c0 *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28792
diff changeset
955 @end table
c7c150b377c0 *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28792
diff changeset
956
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
957 @node Managing Overlays
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
958 @subsection Managing Overlays
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
959
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
960 This section describes the functions to create, delete and move
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
961 overlays, and to examine their contents.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
962
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
963 @defun make-overlay start end &optional buffer front-advance rear-advance
9009
7cdfcd5e71ff entered into RCS
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8925
diff changeset
964 This function creates and returns an overlay that belongs to
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
965 @var{buffer} and ranges from @var{start} to @var{end}. Both @var{start}
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
966 and @var{end} must specify buffer positions; they may be integers or
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
967 markers. If @var{buffer} is omitted, the overlay is created in the
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
968 current buffer.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
969
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
970 The arguments @var{front-advance} and @var{rear-advance} specify the
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
971 insertion type for the start of the overlay and for the end of the
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
972 overlay, respectively. @xref{Marker Insertion Types}.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
973 @end defun
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
974
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
975 @defun overlay-start overlay
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
976 This function returns the position at which @var{overlay} starts,
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
977 as an integer.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
978 @end defun
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
979
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
980 @defun overlay-end overlay
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
981 This function returns the position at which @var{overlay} ends,
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
982 as an integer.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
983 @end defun
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
984
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
985 @defun overlay-buffer overlay
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
986 This function returns the buffer that @var{overlay} belongs to.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
987 @end defun
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
988
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
989 @defun delete-overlay overlay
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
990 This function deletes @var{overlay}. The overlay continues to exist as
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
991 a Lisp object, and its property list is unchanged, but it ceases to be
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
992 attached to the buffer it belonged to, and ceases to have any effect on
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
993 display.
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
994
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
995 A deleted overlay is not permanently disconnected. You can give it a
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
996 position in a buffer again by calling @code{move-overlay}.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
997 @end defun
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
998
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
999 @defun move-overlay overlay start end &optional buffer
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1000 This function moves @var{overlay} to @var{buffer}, and places its bounds
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1001 at @var{start} and @var{end}. Both arguments @var{start} and @var{end}
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1002 must specify buffer positions; they may be integers or markers.
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1003
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1004 If @var{buffer} is omitted, @var{overlay} stays in the same buffer it
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1005 was already associated with; if @var{overlay} was deleted, it goes into
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1006 the current buffer.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1007
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1008 The return value is @var{overlay}.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1009
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1010 This is the only valid way to change the endpoints of an overlay. Do
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1011 not try modifying the markers in the overlay by hand, as that fails to
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1012 update other vital data structures and can cause some overlays to be
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1013 ``lost''.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1014 @end defun
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1015
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1016 Here are some examples:
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1017
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1018 @example
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1019 ;; @r{Create an overlay.}
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1020 (setq foo (make-overlay 1 10))
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1021 @result{} #<overlay from 1 to 10 in display.texi>
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1022 (overlay-start foo)
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1023 @result{} 1
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1024 (overlay-end foo)
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1025 @result{} 10
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1026 (overlay-buffer foo)
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1027 @result{} #<buffer display.texi>
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1028 ;; @r{Give it a property we can check later.}
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1029 (overlay-put foo 'happy t)
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1030 @result{} t
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1031 ;; @r{Verify the property is present.}
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1032 (overlay-get foo 'happy)
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1033 @result{} t
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1034 ;; @r{Move the overlay.}
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1035 (move-overlay foo 5 20)
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1036 @result{} #<overlay from 5 to 20 in display.texi>
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1037 (overlay-start foo)
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1038 @result{} 5
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1039 (overlay-end foo)
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1040 @result{} 20
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1041 ;; @r{Delete the overlay.}
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1042 (delete-overlay foo)
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1043 @result{} nil
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1044 ;; @r{Verify it is deleted.}
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1045 foo
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1046 @result{} #<overlay in no buffer>
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1047 ;; @r{A deleted overlay has no position.}
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1048 (overlay-start foo)
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1049 @result{} nil
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1050 (overlay-end foo)
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1051 @result{} nil
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1052 (overlay-buffer foo)
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1053 @result{} nil
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1054 ;; @r{Undelete the overlay.}
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1055 (move-overlay foo 1 20)
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1056 @result{} #<overlay from 1 to 20 in display.texi>
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1057 ;; @r{Verify the results.}
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1058 (overlay-start foo)
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1059 @result{} 1
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1060 (overlay-end foo)
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1061 @result{} 20
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1062 (overlay-buffer foo)
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1063 @result{} #<buffer display.texi>
27331
be0a552c8320 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27193
diff changeset
1064 ;; @r{Moving and deleting the overlay does not change its properties.}
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1065 (overlay-get foo 'happy)
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1066 @result{} t
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1067 @end example
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1068
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1069 @node Finding Overlays
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1070 @subsection Searching for Overlays
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1071
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1072 @defun overlays-at pos
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1073 This function returns a list of all the overlays that cover the
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1074 character at position @var{pos} in the current buffer. The list is in
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1075 no particular order. An overlay contains position @var{pos} if it
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1076 begins at or before @var{pos}, and ends after @var{pos}.
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1077
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1078 To illustrate usage, here is a Lisp function that returns a list of the
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1079 overlays that specify property @var{prop} for the character at point:
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1080
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1081 @smallexample
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1082 (defun find-overlays-specifying (prop)
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1083 (let ((overlays (overlays-at (point)))
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1084 found)
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1085 (while overlays
37170
29f2615d958f (Finding Overlays): Fix example code.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36935
diff changeset
1086 (let ((overlay (car overlays)))
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1087 (if (overlay-get overlay prop)
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1088 (setq found (cons overlay found))))
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1089 (setq overlays (cdr overlays)))
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1090 found))
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1091 @end smallexample
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1092 @end defun
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1093
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
1094 @defun overlays-in beg end
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1095 This function returns a list of the overlays that overlap the region
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1096 @var{beg} through @var{end}. ``Overlap'' means that at least one
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1097 character is contained within the overlay and also contained within the
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1098 specified region; however, empty overlays are included in the result if
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1099 they are located at @var{beg}, or strictly between @var{beg} and @var{end}.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1100 @end defun
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1101
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1102 @defun next-overlay-change pos
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1103 This function returns the buffer position of the next beginning or end
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1104 of an overlay, after @var{pos}.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1105 @end defun
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1106
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
1107 @defun previous-overlay-change pos
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
1108 This function returns the buffer position of the previous beginning or
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
1109 end of an overlay, before @var{pos}.
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
1110 @end defun
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
1111
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1112 Here's an easy way to use @code{next-overlay-change} to search for the
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1113 next character which gets a non-@code{nil} @code{happy} property from
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1114 either its overlays or its text properties (@pxref{Property Search}):
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1115
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1116 @smallexample
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1117 (defun find-overlay-prop (prop)
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1118 (save-excursion
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1119 (while (and (not (eobp))
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1120 (not (get-char-property (point) 'happy)))
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1121 (goto-char (min (next-overlay-change (point))
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1122 (next-single-property-change (point) 'happy))))
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1123 (point)))
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1124 @end smallexample
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
1125
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1126 @node Width
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1127 @section Width
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1128
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1129 Since not all characters have the same width, these functions let you
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1130 check the width of a character. @xref{Primitive Indent}, and
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1131 @ref{Screen Lines}, for related functions.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1132
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
1133 @defun char-width char
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1134 This function returns the width in columns of the character @var{char},
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1135 if it were displayed in the current buffer and the selected window.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1136 @end defun
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1137
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
1138 @defun string-width string
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1139 This function returns the width in columns of the string @var{string},
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1140 if it were displayed in the current buffer and the selected window.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1141 @end defun
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1142
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
1143 @defun truncate-string-to-width string width &optional start-column padding
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1144 This function returns the part of @var{string} that fits within
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1145 @var{width} columns, as a new string.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1146
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1147 If @var{string} does not reach @var{width}, then the result ends where
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1148 @var{string} ends. If one multi-column character in @var{string}
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1149 extends across the column @var{width}, that character is not included in
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1150 the result. Thus, the result can fall short of @var{width} but cannot
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1151 go beyond it.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1152
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1153 The optional argument @var{start-column} specifies the starting column.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1154 If this is non-@code{nil}, then the first @var{start-column} columns of
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1155 the string are omitted from the value. If one multi-column character in
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1156 @var{string} extends across the column @var{start-column}, that
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1157 character is not included.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1158
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1159 The optional argument @var{padding}, if non-@code{nil}, is a padding
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1160 character added at the beginning and end of the result string, to extend
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1161 it to exactly @var{width} columns. The padding character is used at the
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1162 end of the result if it falls short of @var{width}. It is also used at
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1163 the beginning of the result if one multi-column character in
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1164 @var{string} extends across the column @var{start-column}.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1165
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1166 @example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1167 (truncate-string-to-width "\tab\t" 12 4)
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1168 @result{} "ab"
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1169 (truncate-string-to-width "\tab\t" 12 4 ?\ )
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1170 @result{} " ab "
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1171 @end example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1172 @end defun
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
1173
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1174 @node Faces
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1175 @section Faces
40469
aa8474236e9e Index "faces" instead of "face".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40310
diff changeset
1176 @cindex faces
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1177
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1178 A @dfn{face} is a named collection of graphical attributes: font
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1179 family, foreground color, background color, optional underlining, and
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1180 many others. Faces are used in Emacs to control the style of display of
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1181 particular parts of the text or the frame.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1182
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1183 @cindex face id
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1184 Each face has its own @dfn{face number}, which distinguishes faces at
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1185 low levels within Emacs. However, for most purposes, you refer to
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1186 faces in Lisp programs by their names.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1187
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
1188 @defun facep object
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
1189 This function returns @code{t} if @var{object} is a face name symbol (or
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
1190 if it is a vector of the kind used internally to record face data). It
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
1191 returns @code{nil} otherwise.
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
1192 @end defun
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
1193
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1194 Each face name is meaningful for all frames, and by default it has the
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1195 same meaning in all frames. But you can arrange to give a particular
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1196 face name a special meaning in one frame if you wish.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1197
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1198 @menu
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1199 * Standard Faces:: The faces Emacs normally comes with.
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1200 * Defining Faces:: How to define a face with @code{defface}.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1201 * Face Attributes:: What is in a face?
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1202 * Attribute Functions:: Functions to examine and set face attributes.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1203 * Merging Faces:: How Emacs combines the faces specified for a character.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1204 * Font Selection:: Finding the best available font for a face.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1205 * Face Functions:: How to define and examine faces.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1206 * Auto Faces:: Hook for automatic face assignment.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1207 * Font Lookup:: Looking up the names of available fonts
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1208 and information about them.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1209 * Fontsets:: A fontset is a collection of fonts
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1210 that handle a range of character sets.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1211 @end menu
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1212
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1213 @node Standard Faces
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1214 @subsection Standard Faces
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1215
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1216 This table lists all the standard faces and their uses. Most of them
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1217 are used for displaying certain parts of the frames or certain kinds of
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1218 text; you can control how those places look by customizing these faces.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1219
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1220 @table @code
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1221 @item default
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1222 @kindex default @r{(face name)}
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1223 This face is used for ordinary text.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1224
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1225 @item mode-line
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1226 @kindex mode-line @r{(face name)}
43262
af1ba8f61638 (Standard Faces): Document mode-line-inactive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 43099
diff changeset
1227 This face is used for the mode line of the selected window, and for
af1ba8f61638 (Standard Faces): Document mode-line-inactive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 43099
diff changeset
1228 menu bars when toolkit menus are not used---but only if
af1ba8f61638 (Standard Faces): Document mode-line-inactive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 43099
diff changeset
1229 @code{mode-line-inverse-video} is non-@code{nil}.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1230
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1231 @item modeline
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1232 @kindex modeline @r{(face name)}
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1233 This is an alias for the @code{mode-line} face, for compatibility with
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1234 old Emacs versions.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1235
43262
af1ba8f61638 (Standard Faces): Document mode-line-inactive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 43099
diff changeset
1236 @item mode-line-inactive
af1ba8f61638 (Standard Faces): Document mode-line-inactive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 43099
diff changeset
1237 @kindex mode-line-inactive @r{(face name)}
af1ba8f61638 (Standard Faces): Document mode-line-inactive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 43099
diff changeset
1238 This face is used for mode lines of non-selected windows.
43290
3198ecb4e71f Minor clarification.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43262
diff changeset
1239 This face inherits from @code{mode-line}, so changes
3198ecb4e71f Minor clarification.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43262
diff changeset
1240 in that face affect all windows.
43262
af1ba8f61638 (Standard Faces): Document mode-line-inactive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 43099
diff changeset
1241
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1242 @item header-line
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1243 @kindex header-line @r{(face name)}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1244 This face is used for the header lines of windows that have them.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1245
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1246 @item menu
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1247 This face controls the display of menus, both their colors and their
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1248 font. (This works only on certain systems.)
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1249
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1250 @item fringe
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1251 @kindex fringe @r{(face name)}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1252 This face controls the colors of window fringes, the thin areas on
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1253 either side that are used to display continuation and truncation glyphs.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1254
43099
761d92c0f64e (Standard Faces): Document the minibuffer-prompt face and the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 42905
diff changeset
1255 @item minibuffer-prompt
761d92c0f64e (Standard Faces): Document the minibuffer-prompt face and the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 42905
diff changeset
1256 @kindex minibuffer-prompt @r{(face name)}
761d92c0f64e (Standard Faces): Document the minibuffer-prompt face and the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 42905
diff changeset
1257 @vindex minibuffer-prompt-properties
761d92c0f64e (Standard Faces): Document the minibuffer-prompt face and the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 42905
diff changeset
1258 This face is used for the text of minibuffer prompts. By default,
761d92c0f64e (Standard Faces): Document the minibuffer-prompt face and the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 42905
diff changeset
1259 Emacs automatically adds this face to the value of
761d92c0f64e (Standard Faces): Document the minibuffer-prompt face and the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 42905
diff changeset
1260 @code{minibuffer-prompt-properties}, which is a list of text
761d92c0f64e (Standard Faces): Document the minibuffer-prompt face and the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 42905
diff changeset
1261 properties used to display the prompt text.
761d92c0f64e (Standard Faces): Document the minibuffer-prompt face and the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 42905
diff changeset
1262
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1263 @item scroll-bar
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1264 @kindex scroll-bar @r{(face name)}
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1265 This face controls the colors for display of scroll bars.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1266
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1267 @item tool-bar
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1268 @kindex tool-bar @r{(face name)}
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1269 This face is used for display of the tool bar, if any.
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db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1270
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1271 @item region
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1272 @kindex region @r{(face name)}
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1273 This face is used for highlighting the region in Transient Mark mode.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1274
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1275 @item secondary-selection
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1276 @kindex secondary-selection @r{(face name)}
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1277 This face is used to show any secondary selection you have made.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1278
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1279 @item highlight
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1280 @kindex highlight @r{(face name)}
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1281 This face is meant to be used for highlighting for various purposes.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1282
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1283 @item trailing-whitespace
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1284 @kindex trailing-whitespace @r{(face name)}
25875
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Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1285 This face is used to display excess whitespace at the end of a line,
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1286 if @code{show-trailing-whitespace} is non-@code{nil}.
25751
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1287 @end table
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1288
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1289 In contrast, these faces are provided to change the appearance of text
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1290 in specific ways. You can use them on specific text, when you want
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1291 the effects they produce.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1292
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1293 @table @code
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1294 @item bold
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1295 @kindex bold @r{(face name)}
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1296 This face uses a bold font, if possible. It uses the bold variant of
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1297 the frame's font, if it has one. It's up to you to choose a default
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1298 font that has a bold variant, if you want to use one.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1299
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1300 @item italic
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1301 @kindex italic @r{(face name)}
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1302 This face uses the italic variant of the frame's font, if it has one.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1303
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1304 @item bold-italic
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1305 @kindex bold-italic @r{(face name)}
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1306 This face uses the bold italic variant of the frame's font, if it has
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1307 one.
25751
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
1308
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1309 @item underline
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1310 @kindex underline @r{(face name)}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1311 This face underlines text.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1312
38278
9e543d761717 Fix several typos.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37949
diff changeset
1313 @item fixed-pitch
9e543d761717 Fix several typos.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37949
diff changeset
1314 @kindex fixed-pitch @r{(face name)}
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1315 This face forces use of a particular fixed-width font.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1316
38278
9e543d761717 Fix several typos.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37949
diff changeset
1317 @item variable-pitch
9e543d761717 Fix several typos.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37949
diff changeset
1318 @kindex variable-pitch @r{(face name)}
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1319 This face forces use of a particular variable-width font. It's
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1320 reasonable to customize this to use a different variable-width font, if
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1321 you like, but you should not make it a fixed-width font.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1322 @end table
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1323
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1324 @defvar show-trailing-whitespace
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1325 @tindex show-trailing-whitespace
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1326 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, Emacs uses the
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1327 @code{trailing-whitespace} face to display any spaces and tabs at the
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1328 end of a line.
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1329 @end defvar
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Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1330
21682
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1331 @node Defining Faces
22138
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
1332 @subsection Defining Faces
21682
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1333
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1334 The way to define a new face is with @code{defface}. This creates a
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1335 kind of customization item (@pxref{Customization}) which the user can
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1336 customize using the Customization buffer (@pxref{Easy Customization,,,
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1337 emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}).
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1338
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48948
diff changeset
1339 @defmac defface face spec doc [keyword value]...
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1340 This declares @var{face} as a customizable face that defaults according
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1341 to @var{spec}. You should not quote the symbol @var{face}. The
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1342 argument @var{doc} specifies the face documentation. The keywords you
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1343 can use in @code{defface} are the same ones that are meaningful in both
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1344 @code{defgroup} and @code{defcustom} (@pxref{Common Keywords}).
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1345
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1346 When @code{defface} executes, it defines the face according to
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
1347 @var{spec}, then uses any customizations that were read from the
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1348 init file (@pxref{Init File}) to override that specification.
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1349
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1350 The purpose of @var{spec} is to specify how the face should appear on
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1351 different kinds of terminals. It should be an alist whose elements have
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1352 the form @code{(@var{display} @var{atts})}. Each element's @sc{car},
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1353 @var{display}, specifies a class of terminals. The element's second element,
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1354 @var{atts}, is a list of face attributes and their values; it specifies
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1355 what the face should look like on that kind of terminal. The possible
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1356 attributes are defined in the value of @code{custom-face-attributes}.
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1357
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1358 The @var{display} part of an element of @var{spec} determines which
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1359 frames the element applies to. If more than one element of @var{spec}
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1360 matches a given frame, the first matching element is the only one used
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1361 for that frame. There are two possibilities for @var{display}:
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1362
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1363 @table @asis
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1364 @item @code{t}
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1365 This element of @var{spec} matches all frames. Therefore, any
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1366 subsequent elements of @var{spec} are never used. Normally
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1367 @code{t} is used in the last (or only) element of @var{spec}.
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1368
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
1369 @item a list
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1370 If @var{display} is a list, each element should have the form
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1371 @code{(@var{characteristic} @var{value}@dots{})}. Here
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1372 @var{characteristic} specifies a way of classifying frames, and the
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1373 @var{value}s are possible classifications which @var{display} should
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1374 apply to. Here are the possible values of @var{characteristic}:
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1375
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1376 @table @code
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1377 @item type
32802
66f219c7e8ca (Defining Faces): Document `graphic' display type in face specs.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 32552
diff changeset
1378 The kind of window system the frame uses---either @code{graphic} (any
66f219c7e8ca (Defining Faces): Document `graphic' display type in face specs.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 32552
diff changeset
1379 graphics-capable display), @code{x}, @code{pc} (for the MS-DOS console),
66f219c7e8ca (Defining Faces): Document `graphic' display type in face specs.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 32552
diff changeset
1380 @code{w32} (for MS Windows 9X/NT), or @code{tty} (a non-graphics-capable
66f219c7e8ca (Defining Faces): Document `graphic' display type in face specs.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 32552
diff changeset
1381 display).
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1382
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1383 @item class
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1384 What kinds of colors the frame supports---either @code{color},
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1385 @code{grayscale}, or @code{mono}.
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 21007
diff changeset
1386
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1387 @item background
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1388 The kind of background---either @code{light} or @code{dark}.
45745
394a19fc134e defface `supports' predicate
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 44281
diff changeset
1389
394a19fc134e defface `supports' predicate
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 44281
diff changeset
1390 @item supports
46170
115fa2a7cd26 Tweak text a bit.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 45750
diff changeset
1391 Whether or not the frame can display the face attributes given in
115fa2a7cd26 Tweak text a bit.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 45750
diff changeset
1392 @var{value}@dots{} (@pxref{Face Attributes}). See the documentation
115fa2a7cd26 Tweak text a bit.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 45750
diff changeset
1393 for the function @code{display-supports-face-attributes-p} for more
115fa2a7cd26 Tweak text a bit.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 45750
diff changeset
1394 information on exactly how this testing is done. @xref{Display Face
115fa2a7cd26 Tweak text a bit.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 45750
diff changeset
1395 Attribute Testing}.
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1396 @end table
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parents: 21007
diff changeset
1397
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1398 If an element of @var{display} specifies more than one @var{value} for a
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1399 given @var{characteristic}, any of those values is acceptable. If
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1400 @var{display} has more than one element, each element should specify a
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1401 different @var{characteristic}; then @emph{each} characteristic of the
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1402 frame must match one of the @var{value}s specified for it in
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1403 @var{display}.
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1404 @end table
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1405 @end defmac
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1406
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1407 Here's how the standard face @code{region} is defined:
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1408
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1409 @example
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1410 @group
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1411 (defface region
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1412 `((((type tty) (class color))
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1413 (:background "blue" :foreground "white"))
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1414 @end group
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1415 (((type tty) (class mono))
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1416 (:inverse-video t))
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1417 (((class color) (background dark))
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1418 (:background "blue"))
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1419 (((class color) (background light))
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1420 (:background "lightblue"))
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1421 (t (:background "gray")))
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1422 @group
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1423 "Basic face for highlighting the region."
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1424 :group 'basic-faces)
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1425 @end group
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1426 @end example
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1427
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1428 Internally, @code{defface} uses the symbol property
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1429 @code{face-defface-spec} to record the face attributes specified in
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1430 @code{defface}, @code{saved-face} for the attributes saved by the user
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1431 with the customization buffer, and @code{face-documentation} for the
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1432 documentation string.
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1433
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1434 @defopt frame-background-mode
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1435 This option, if non-@code{nil}, specifies the background type to use for
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1436 interpreting face definitions. If it is @code{dark}, then Emacs treats
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1437 all frames as if they had a dark background, regardless of their actual
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1438 background colors. If it is @code{light}, then Emacs treats all frames
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1439 as if they had a light background.
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1440 @end defopt
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1441
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1442 @node Face Attributes
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1443 @subsection Face Attributes
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1444 @cindex face attributes
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1445
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1446 The effect of using a face is determined by a fixed set of @dfn{face
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1447 attributes}. This table lists all the face attributes, and what they
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1448 mean. Note that in general, more than one face can be specified for a
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parents: 25809
diff changeset
1449 given piece of text; when that happens, the attributes of all the faces
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parents: 25809
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1450 are merged to specify how to display the text. @xref{Merging Faces}.
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1451
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1452 In Emacs 21, any attribute in a face can have the value
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1453 @code{unspecified}. This means the face doesn't specify that attribute.
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1454 In face merging, when the first face fails to specify a particular
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parents: 25454
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1455 attribute, that means the next face gets a chance. However, the
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1456 @code{default} face must specify all attributes.
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1457
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1458 Some of these font attributes are meaningful only on certain kinds of
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1459 displays---if your display cannot handle a certain attribute, the
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1460 attribute is ignored. (The attributes @code{:family}, @code{:width},
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parents: 25809
diff changeset
1461 @code{:height}, @code{:weight}, and @code{:slant} correspond to parts of
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parents: 25809
diff changeset
1462 an X Logical Font Descriptor.)
25751
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1463
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diff changeset
1464 @table @code
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1465 @item :family
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1466 Font family name, or fontset name (@pxref{Fontsets}). If you specify a
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1467 font family name, the wild-card characters @samp{*} and @samp{?} are
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1468 allowed.
25751
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1469
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1470 @item :width
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1471 Relative proportionate width, also known as the character set width or
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parents: 25454
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1472 set width. This should be one of the symbols @code{ultra-condensed},
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diff changeset
1473 @code{extra-condensed}, @code{condensed}, @code{semi-condensed},
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1474 @code{normal}, @code{semi-expanded}, @code{expanded},
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diff changeset
1475 @code{extra-expanded}, or @code{ultra-expanded}.
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diff changeset
1476
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1477 @item :height
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1478 Either the font height, an integer in units of 1/10 point, a floating
15b8a53f1d7a (Face Attributes): Add description of new :inherit face attribute, and
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31373
diff changeset
1479 point number specifying the amount by which to scale the height of any
15b8a53f1d7a (Face Attributes): Add description of new :inherit face attribute, and
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31373
diff changeset
1480 underlying face, or a function, which is called with the old height
15b8a53f1d7a (Face Attributes): Add description of new :inherit face attribute, and
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31373
diff changeset
1481 (from the underlying face), and should return the new height.
49600
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parents: 48948
diff changeset
1482
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1483 @item :weight
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1484 Font weight---a symbol from this series (from most dense to most faint):
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1485 @code{ultra-bold}, @code{extra-bold}, @code{bold}, @code{semi-bold},
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diff changeset
1486 @code{normal}, @code{semi-light}, @code{light}, @code{extra-light},
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diff changeset
1487 or @code{ultra-light}.
25809
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diff changeset
1488
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diff changeset
1489 On a text-only terminal, any weight greater than normal is displayed as
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1490 extra bright, and any weight less than normal is displayed as
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diff changeset
1491 half-bright (provided the terminal supports the feature).
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diff changeset
1492
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1493 @item :slant
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diff changeset
1494 Font slant---one of the symbols @code{italic}, @code{oblique}, @code{normal},
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
1495 @code{reverse-italic}, or @code{reverse-oblique}.
25809
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1496
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1497 On a text-only terminal, slanted text is displayed as half-bright, if
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Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1498 the terminal supports the feature.
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1499
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diff changeset
1500 @item :foreground
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diff changeset
1501 Foreground color, a string.
49600
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parents: 48948
diff changeset
1502
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1503 @item :background
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
1504 Background color, a string.
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parents: 25454
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1505
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1506 @item :inverse-video
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diff changeset
1507 Whether or not characters should be displayed in inverse video. The
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
1508 value should be @code{t} (yes) or @code{nil} (no).
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1509
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1510 @item :stipple
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1511 The background stipple, a bitmap.
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1512
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1513 The value can be a string; that should be the name of a file containing
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parents: 25809
diff changeset
1514 external-format X bitmap data. The file is found in the directories
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parents: 25809
diff changeset
1515 listed in the variable @code{x-bitmap-file-path}.
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1516
40310
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diff changeset
1517 Alternatively, the value can specify the bitmap directly, with a list
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diff changeset
1518 of the form @code{(@var{width} @var{height} @var{data})}. Here,
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parents: 39404
diff changeset
1519 @var{width} and @var{height} specify the size in pixels, and
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parents: 39404
diff changeset
1520 @var{data} is a string containing the raw bits of the bitmap, row by
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parents: 39404
diff changeset
1521 row. Each row occupies @math{(@var{width} + 7) / 8} consecutive bytes
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parents: 39404
diff changeset
1522 in the string (which should be a unibyte string for best results).
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parents: 39404
diff changeset
1523 This means that each row always occupies at least one whole byte.
25751
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1524
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diff changeset
1525 If the value is @code{nil}, that means use no stipple pattern.
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diff changeset
1526
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diff changeset
1527 Normally you do not need to set the stipple attribute, because it is
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
1528 used automatically to handle certain shades of gray.
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parents: 25454
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1529
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1530 @item :underline
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diff changeset
1531 Whether or not characters should be underlined, and in what color. If
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
1532 the value is @code{t}, underlining uses the foreground color of the
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
1533 face. If the value is a string, underlining uses that color. The
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
1534 value @code{nil} means do not underline.
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
1535
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1536 @item :overline
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
1537 Whether or not characters should be overlined, and in what color.
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
1538 The value is used like that of @code{:underline}.
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
1539
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diff changeset
1540 @item :strike-through
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
1541 Whether or not characters should be strike-through, and in what
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25454
diff changeset
1542 color. The value is used like that of @code{:underline}.
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1543
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1544 @item :inherit
15b8a53f1d7a (Face Attributes): Add description of new :inherit face attribute, and
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diff changeset
1545 The name of a face from which to inherit attributes, or a list of face
15b8a53f1d7a (Face Attributes): Add description of new :inherit face attribute, and
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31373
diff changeset
1546 names. Attributes from inherited faces are merged into the face like an
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Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31373
diff changeset
1547 underlying face would be, with higher priority than underlying faces.
15b8a53f1d7a (Face Attributes): Add description of new :inherit face attribute, and
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31373
diff changeset
1548
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1549 @item :box
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1550 Whether or not a box should be drawn around characters, its color, the
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1551 width of the box lines, and 3D appearance.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1552 @end table
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1553
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1554 Here are the possible values of the @code{:box} attribute, and what
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1555 they mean:
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1556
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1557 @table @asis
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1558 @item @code{nil}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1559 Don't draw a box.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1560
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1561 @item @code{t}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1562 Draw a box with lines of width 1, in the foreground color.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1563
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1564 @item @var{color}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1565 Draw a box with lines of width 1, in color @var{color}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1566
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1567 @item @code{(:line-width @var{width} :color @var{color} :style @var{style})}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1568 This way you can explicitly specify all aspects of the box. The value
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1569 @var{width} specifies the width of the lines to draw; it defaults to 1.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1570
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1571 The value @var{color} specifies the color to draw with. The default is
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1572 the foreground color of the face for simple boxes, and the background
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1573 color of the face for 3D boxes.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1574
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1575 The value @var{style} specifies whether to draw a 3D box. If it is
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1576 @code{released-button}, the box looks like a 3D button that is not being
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1577 pressed. If it is @code{pressed-button}, the box looks like a 3D button
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1578 that is being pressed. If it is @code{nil} or omitted, a plain 2D box
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1579 is used.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1580 @end table
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1581
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1582 The attributes @code{:overline}, @code{:strike-through} and
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1583 @code{:box} are new in Emacs 21. The attributes @code{:family},
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1584 @code{:height}, @code{:width}, @code{:weight}, @code{:slant} are also
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1585 new; previous versions used the following attributes, now semi-obsolete,
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1586 to specify some of the same information:
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1587
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1588 @table @code
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1589 @item :font
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1590 This attribute specifies the font name.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1591
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1592 @item :bold
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1593 A non-@code{nil} value specifies a bold font.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1594
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1595 @item :italic
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1596 A non-@code{nil} value specifies an italic font.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1597 @end table
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1598
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1599 For compatibility, you can still set these ``attributes'' in Emacs 21,
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1600 even though they are not real face attributes. Here is what that does:
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1601
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1602 @table @code
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1603 @item :font
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1604 You can specify an X font name as the ``value'' of this ``attribute'';
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1605 that sets the @code{:family}, @code{:width}, @code{:height},
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1606 @code{:weight}, and @code{:slant} attributes according to the font name.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1607
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1608 If the value is a pattern with wildcards, the first font that matches
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1609 the pattern is used to set these attributes.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1610
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1611 @item :bold
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1612 A non-@code{nil} makes the face bold; @code{nil} makes it normal.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1613 This actually works by setting the @code{:weight} attribute.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1614
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1615 @item :italic
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1616 A non-@code{nil} makes the face italic; @code{nil} makes it normal.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1617 This actually works by setting the @code{:slant} attribute.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1618 @end table
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1619
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1620 @defvar x-bitmap-file-path
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1621 This variable specifies a list of directories for searching
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1622 for bitmap files, for the @code{:stipple} attribute.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1623 @end defvar
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1624
25911
b192e4e3a9f5 Rename pixmap-spec-p to bitmap-spec-p.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
1625 @defun bitmap-spec-p object
42888
04040cfbdf67 (set-face-stipple): Reference description of bitmap data
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 42827
diff changeset
1626 This returns @code{t} if @var{object} is a valid bitmap specification,
04040cfbdf67 (set-face-stipple): Reference description of bitmap data
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 42827
diff changeset
1627 suitable for use with @code{:stipple} (see above). It returns
04040cfbdf67 (set-face-stipple): Reference description of bitmap data
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 42827
diff changeset
1628 @code{nil} otherwise.
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1629 @end defun
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Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1630
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1631 @node Attribute Functions
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1632 @subsection Face Attribute Functions
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1633
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1634 You can modify the attributes of an existing face with the following
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1635 functions. If you specify @var{frame}, they affect just that frame;
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1636 otherwise, they affect all frames as well as the defaults that apply to
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1637 new frames.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1638
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1639 @tindex set-face-attribute
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1640 @defun set-face-attribute face frame &rest arguments
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1641 This function sets one or more attributes of face @var{face}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1642 for frame @var{frame}. If @var{frame} is @code{nil}, it sets
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1643 the attribute for all frames, and the defaults for new frames.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1644
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1645 The extra arguments @var{arguments} specify the attributes to set, and
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1646 the values for them. They should consist of alternating attribute names
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1647 (such as @code{:family} or @code{:underline}) and corresponding values.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1648 Thus,
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1649
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1650 @example
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1651 (set-face-attribute 'foo nil
46721
12862351ee03 Fix set-face-attribute example.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46338
diff changeset
1652 :width 'extended
12862351ee03 Fix set-face-attribute example.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46338
diff changeset
1653 :weight 'bold
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1654 :underline "red")
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1655 @end example
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1656
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1657 @noindent
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1658 sets the attributes @code{:width}, @code{:weight} and @code{:underline}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1659 to the corresponding values.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1660 @end defun
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1661
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1662 @tindex face-attribute
46240
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1663 @defun face-attribute face attribute &optional frame inherit
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1664 This returns the value of the @var{attribute} attribute of face
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1665 @var{face} on @var{frame}. If @var{frame} is @code{nil},
39404
5b69d94ceef3 (Font Lookup, Attribute Functions)
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39221
diff changeset
1666 that means the selected frame (@pxref{Input Focus}).
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1667
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1668 If @var{frame} is @code{t}, the value is the default for
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1669 @var{face} for new frames.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1670
46240
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1671 If @var{inherit} is nil, only attributes directly defined by
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1672 @var{face} are considered, so the return value may be
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1673 @code{unspecified}, or a relative value. If @var{inherit} is non-nil,
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1674 @var{face}'s definition of @var{attribute} is merged with the faces
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1675 specified by its @code{:inherit} attribute; however the return value
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1676 may still be @code{unspecified} or relative. If @var{inherit} is a
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1677 face or a list of faces, then the result is further merged with that
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1678 face (or faces), until it becomes specified and absolute.
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1679
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1680 To ensure that the return value is always specified and absolute, use
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1681 a value of @code{default} for @var{inherit}; this will resolve any
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1682 unspecified or relative values by merging with the @code{default} face
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1683 (which is always completely specified).
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1684
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1685 For example,
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1686
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1687 @example
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1688 (face-attribute 'bold :weight)
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1689 @result{} bold
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1690 @end example
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1691 @end defun
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1692
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1693 The functions above did not exist before Emacs 21. For compatibility
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1694 with older Emacs versions, you can use the following functions to set
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1695 and examine the face attributes which existed in those versions.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1696
46240
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1697 @tindex face-attribute-relative-p
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1698 @defun face-attribute-relative-p attribute value
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1699 This function returns non-@code{nil} if @var{value}, when used as a
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1700 the value of the face attribute @var{attribute}, is relative (that is,
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1701 if it modifies an underlying or inherited value of @var{attribute}).
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1702 @end defun
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1703
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1704 @tindex merge-face-attribute
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1705 @defun merge-face-attribute attribute value1 value2
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1706 If @var{value1} is a relative value for the face attribute
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1707 @var{attribute}, returns it merged with the underlying value
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1708 @var{value2}; otherwise, if @var{value1} is an absolute value for the
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1709 face a attribute @var{attribute}, returns @var{value1} unchanged.
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1710 @end defun
df64f9f41c5f Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46170
diff changeset
1711
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1712 @defun set-face-foreground face color &optional frame
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1713 @defunx set-face-background face color &optional frame
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1714 These functions set the foreground (or background, respectively) color
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1715 of face @var{face} to @var{color}. The argument @var{color} should be a
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1716 string, the name of a color.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1717
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1718 Certain shades of gray are implemented by stipple patterns on
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1719 black-and-white screens.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1720 @end defun
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1721
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1722 @defun set-face-stipple face pattern &optional frame
42888
04040cfbdf67 (set-face-stipple): Reference description of bitmap data
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 42827
diff changeset
1723 This function sets the background stipple pattern of face @var{face}
04040cfbdf67 (set-face-stipple): Reference description of bitmap data
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 42827
diff changeset
1724 to @var{pattern}. The argument @var{pattern} should be the name of a
04040cfbdf67 (set-face-stipple): Reference description of bitmap data
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 42827
diff changeset
1725 stipple pattern defined by the X server, or actual bitmap data
04040cfbdf67 (set-face-stipple): Reference description of bitmap data
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 42827
diff changeset
1726 (@pxref{Face Attributes}), or @code{nil} meaning don't use stipple.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1727
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1728 Normally there is no need to pay attention to stipple patterns, because
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1729 they are used automatically to handle certain shades of gray.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1730 @end defun
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1731
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1732 @defun set-face-font face font &optional frame
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1733 This function sets the font of face @var{face}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1734
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1735 In Emacs 21, this actually sets the attributes @code{:family},
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1736 @code{:width}, @code{:height}, @code{:weight}, and @code{:slant}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1737 according to the font name @var{font}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1738
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1739 In Emacs 20, this sets the font attribute. Once you set the font
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1740 explicitly, the bold and italic attributes cease to have any effect,
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1741 because the precise font that you specified is used.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1742 @end defun
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1743
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1744 @defun set-face-bold-p face bold-p &optional frame
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1745 This function specifies whether @var{face} should be bold. If
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1746 @var{bold-p} is non-@code{nil}, that means yes; @code{nil} means no.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1747
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1748 In Emacs 21, this sets the @code{:weight} attribute.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1749 In Emacs 20, it sets the @code{:bold} attribute.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1750 @end defun
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1752 @defun set-face-italic-p face italic-p &optional frame
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1753 This function specifies whether @var{face} should be italic. If
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1754 @var{italic-p} is non-@code{nil}, that means yes; @code{nil} means no.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1755
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1756 In Emacs 21, this sets the @code{:slant} attribute.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1757 In Emacs 20, it sets the @code{:italic} attribute.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1758 @end defun
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1759
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1760 @defun set-face-underline-p face underline-p &optional frame
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1761 This function sets the underline attribute of face @var{face}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1762 Non-@code{nil} means do underline; @code{nil} means don't.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1763 @end defun
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1764
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1765 @defun invert-face face &optional frame
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1766 This function inverts the @code{:inverse-video} attribute of face
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1767 @var{face}. If the attribute is @code{nil}, this function sets it to
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1768 @code{t}, and vice versa.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1769 @end defun
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1770
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1771 These functions examine the attributes of a face. If you don't
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1772 specify @var{frame}, they refer to the default data for new frames.
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1773 They return the symbol @code{unspecified} if the face doesn't define any
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
1774 value for that attribute.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1775
46245
fb42c0446cbf Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46240
diff changeset
1776 @defun face-foreground face &optional frame inherit
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1777 @defunx face-background face &optional frame
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1778 These functions return the foreground color (or background color,
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1779 respectively) of face @var{face}, as a string.
46245
fb42c0446cbf Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46240
diff changeset
1780
fb42c0446cbf Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46240
diff changeset
1781 If @var{inherit} is nil, only a color directly defined by the face is
fb42c0446cbf Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46240
diff changeset
1782 returned. If @var{inherit} is non-nil, any faces specified by its
fb42c0446cbf Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46240
diff changeset
1783 @code{:inherit} attribute are considered as well, and if @var{inherit}
fb42c0446cbf Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46240
diff changeset
1784 is a face or a list of faces, then they are also considered, until a
fb42c0446cbf Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46240
diff changeset
1785 specified color is found. To ensure that the return value is always
fb42c0446cbf Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46240
diff changeset
1786 specified, use a value of @code{default} for @var{inherit}.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1787 @end defun
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1788
46245
fb42c0446cbf Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46240
diff changeset
1789 @defun face-stipple face &optional frame inherit
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1790 This function returns the name of the background stipple pattern of face
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1791 @var{face}, or @code{nil} if it doesn't have one.
46245
fb42c0446cbf Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46240
diff changeset
1792
fb42c0446cbf Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46240
diff changeset
1793 If @var{inherit} is nil, only a stipple directly defined by the face
fb42c0446cbf Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46240
diff changeset
1794 is returned. If @var{inherit} is non-nil, any faces specified by its
fb42c0446cbf Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46240
diff changeset
1795 @code{:inherit} attribute are considered as well, and if @var{inherit}
fb42c0446cbf Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46240
diff changeset
1796 is a face or a list of faces, then they are also considered, until a
fb42c0446cbf Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46240
diff changeset
1797 specified stipple is found. To ensure that the return value is always
fb42c0446cbf Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 46240
diff changeset
1798 specified, use a value of @code{default} for @var{inherit}.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1799 @end defun
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1800
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1801 @defun face-font face &optional frame
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1802 This function returns the name of the font of face @var{face}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1803 @end defun
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1804
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1805 @defun face-bold-p face &optional frame
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1806 This function returns @code{t} if @var{face} is bold---that is, if it is
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1807 bolder than normal. It returns @code{nil} otherwise.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1808 @end defun
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1809
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1810 @defun face-italic-p face &optional frame
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1811 This function returns @code{t} if @var{face} is italic or oblique,
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1812 @code{nil} otherwise.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1813 @end defun
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1814
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1815 @defun face-underline-p face &optional frame
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1816 This function returns the @code{:underline} attribute of face @var{face}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1817 @end defun
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1818
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1819 @defun face-inverse-video-p face &optional frame
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1820 This function returns the @code{:inverse-video} attribute of face @var{face}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1821 @end defun
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1822
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1823 @node Merging Faces
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1824 @subsection Merging Faces for Display
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1825
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1826 Here are the ways to specify which faces to use for display of text:
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1827
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1828 @itemize @bullet
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1829 @item
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1830 With defaults. The @code{default} face is used as the ultimate
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1831 default for all text. (In Emacs 19 and 20, the @code{default}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1832 face is used only when no other face is specified.)
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1833
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1834 For a mode line or header line, the face @code{modeline} or
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1835 @code{header-line} is used just before @code{default}.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1836
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1837 @item
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1838 With text properties. A character can have a @code{face} property; if
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1839 so, the faces and face attributes specified there apply. @xref{Special
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1840 Properties}.
6598
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1841
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1842 If the character has a @code{mouse-face} property, that is used instead
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1843 of the @code{face} property when the mouse is ``near enough'' to the
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1844 character.
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1845
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1846 @item
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1847 With overlays. An overlay can have @code{face} and @code{mouse-face}
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1848 properties too; they apply to all the text covered by the overlay.
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1849
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1850 @item
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1851 With a region that is active. In Transient Mark mode, the region is
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1852 highlighted with the face @code{region} (@pxref{Standard Faces}).
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1853
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1854 @item
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1855 With special glyphs. Each glyph can specify a particular face
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1856 number. @xref{Glyphs}.
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1857 @end itemize
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1858
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1859 If these various sources together specify more than one face for a
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1860 particular character, Emacs merges the attributes of the various faces
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1861 specified. The attributes of the faces of special glyphs come first;
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1862 then comes the face for region highlighting, if appropriate;
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1863 then come attributes of faces from overlays, followed by those from text
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1864 properties, and last the default face.
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1865
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1866 When multiple overlays cover one character, an overlay with higher
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1867 priority overrides those with lower priority. @xref{Overlays}.
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1868
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1869 In Emacs 20, if an attribute such as the font or a color is not
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1870 specified in any of the above ways, the frame's own font or color is
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1871 used. In newer Emacs versions, this cannot happen, because the
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1872 @code{default} face specifies all attributes---in fact, the frame's own
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1873 font and colors are synonymous with those of the default face.
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1874
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1875 @node Font Selection
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1876 @subsection Font Selection
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1877
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1878 @dfn{Selecting a font} means mapping the specified face attributes for
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1879 a character to a font that is available on a particular display. The
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1880 face attributes, as determined by face merging, specify most of the
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1881 font choice, but not all. Part of the choice depends on what character
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1882 it is.
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1883
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1884 For multibyte characters, typically each font covers only one
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1885 character set. So each character set (@pxref{Character Sets}) specifies
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1886 a registry and encoding to use, with the character set's
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1887 @code{x-charset-registry} property. Its value is a string containing
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1888 the registry and the encoding, with a dash between them:
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1889
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1890 @example
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1891 (plist-get (charset-plist 'latin-iso8859-1)
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1892 'x-charset-registry)
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1893 @result{} "ISO8859-1"
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1894 @end example
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1895
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1896 Unibyte text does not have character sets, so displaying a unibyte
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1897 character takes the registry and encoding from the variable
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1898 @code{face-default-registry}.
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1899
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1900 @defvar face-default-registry
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1901 This variable specifies which registry and encoding to use in choosing
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1902 fonts for unibyte characters. The value is initialized at Emacs startup
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1903 time from the font the user specified for Emacs.
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1904 @end defvar
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1905
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1906 If the face specifies a fontset name, that fontset determines a
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1907 pattern for fonts of the given charset. If the face specifies a font
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1908 family, a font pattern is constructed.
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1909
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1910 Emacs tries to find an available font for the given face attributes
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1911 and character's registry and encoding. If there is a font that matches
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1912 exactly, it is used, of course. The hard case is when no available font
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1913 exactly fits the specification. Then Emacs looks for one that is
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1914 ``close''---one attribute at a time. You can specify the order to
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1915 consider the attributes. In the case where a specified font family is
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1916 not available, you can specify a set of mappings for alternatives to
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1917 try.
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1918
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1919 @defvar face-font-selection-order
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1920 @tindex face-font-selection-order
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1921 This variable specifies the order of importance of the face attributes
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1922 @code{:width}, @code{:height}, @code{:weight}, and @code{:slant}. The
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1923 value should be a list containing those four symbols, in order of
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1924 decreasing importance.
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1925
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1926 Font selection first finds the best available matches for the first
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1927 attribute listed; then, among the fonts which are best in that way, it
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1928 searches for the best matches in the second attribute, and so on.
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1929
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1930 The attributes @code{:weight} and @code{:width} have symbolic values in
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1931 a range centered around @code{normal}. Matches that are more extreme
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1932 (farther from @code{normal}) are somewhat preferred to matches that are
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1933 less extreme (closer to @code{normal}); this is designed to ensure that
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1934 non-normal faces contrast with normal ones, whenever possible.
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1935
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1936 The default is @code{(:width :height :weight :slant)}, which means first
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1937 find the fonts closest to the specified @code{:width}, then---among the
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1938 fonts with that width---find a best match for the specified font height,
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1939 and so on.
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1940
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1941 One example of a case where this variable makes a difference is when the
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1942 default font has no italic equivalent. With the default ordering, the
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1943 @code{italic} face will use a non-italic font that is similar to the
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1944 default one. But if you put @code{:slant} before @code{:height}, the
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1945 @code{italic} face will use an italic font, even if its height is not
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1946 quite right.
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1947 @end defvar
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1948
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1949 @defvar face-font-family-alternatives
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1950 @tindex face-font-family-alternatives
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1951 This variable lets you specify alternative font families to try, if a
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1952 given family is specified and doesn't exist. Each element should have
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1953 this form:
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1954
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1955 @example
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1956 (@var{family} @var{alternate-families}@dots{})
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1957 @end example
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1958
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1959 If @var{family} is specified but not available, Emacs will try the other
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1960 families given in @var{alternate-families}, one by one, until it finds a
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1961 family that does exist.
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1962 @end defvar
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1963
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1964 @defvar face-font-registry-alternatives
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1965 @tindex face-font-registry-alternatives
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1966 This variable lets you specify alternative font registries to try, if a
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1967 given registry is specified and doesn't exist. Each element should have
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1968 this form:
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1969
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1970 @example
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1971 (@var{registry} @var{alternate-registries}@dots{})
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1972 @end example
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1973
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1974 If @var{registry} is specified but not available, Emacs will try the
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1975 other registries given in @var{alternate-registries}, one by one,
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diff changeset
1976 until it finds a registry that does exist.
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1977 @end defvar
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1978
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1979 Emacs can make use of scalable fonts, but by default it does not use
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diff changeset
1980 them, since the use of too many or too big scalable fonts can crash
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1981 XFree86 servers.
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1982
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1983 @defvar scalable-fonts-allowed
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1984 @tindex scalable-fonts-allowed
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1985 This variable controls which scalable fonts to use. A value of
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diff changeset
1986 @code{nil}, the default, means do not use scalable fonts. @code{t}
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diff changeset
1987 means to use any scalable font that seems appropriate for the text.
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1988
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1989 Otherwise, the value must be a list of regular expressions. Then a
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diff changeset
1990 scalable font is enabled for use if its name matches any regular
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diff changeset
1991 expression in the list. For example,
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1992
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diff changeset
1993 @example
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diff changeset
1994 (setq scalable-fonts-allowed '("muleindian-2$"))
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1995 @end example
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1996
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diff changeset
1997 @noindent
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
1998 allows the use of scalable fonts with registry @code{muleindian-2}.
26698
73f718a9df4b (Overlays): Add menu entry for Finding Overlays.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26696
diff changeset
1999 @end defvar
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2000
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2001 @defun clear-face-cache &optional unload-p
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2002 @tindex clear-face-cache
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2003 This function clears the face cache for all frames.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2004 If @var{unload-p} is non-@code{nil}, that means to unload
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2005 all unused fonts as well.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2006 @end defun
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2007
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2008 @node Face Functions
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2009 @subsection Functions for Working with Faces
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2010
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2011 Here are additional functions for creating and working with faces.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2012
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2013 @defun make-face name
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2014 This function defines a new face named @var{name}, initially with all
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2015 attributes @code{nil}. It does nothing if there is already a face named
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2016 @var{name}.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2017 @end defun
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2018
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2019 @defun face-list
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2020 This function returns a list of all defined face names.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2021 @end defun
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2022
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2023 @defun copy-face old-face new-name &optional frame new-frame
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2024 This function defines the face @var{new-name} as a copy of the existing
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2025 face named @var{old-face}. It creates the face @var{new-name} if that
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2026 doesn't already exist.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2027
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2028 If the optional argument @var{frame} is given, this function applies
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2029 only to that frame. Otherwise it applies to each frame individually,
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2030 copying attributes from @var{old-face} in each frame to @var{new-face}
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2031 in the same frame.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2032
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2033 If the optional argument @var{new-frame} is given, then @code{copy-face}
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2034 copies the attributes of @var{old-face} in @var{frame} to @var{new-name}
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2035 in @var{new-frame}.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2036 @end defun
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2037
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
2038 @defun face-id face
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2039 This function returns the face number of face @var{face}.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2040 @end defun
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2041
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2042 @defun face-documentation face
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
2043 This function returns the documentation string of face @var{face}, or
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
2044 @code{nil} if none was specified for it.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
2045 @end defun
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
2046
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2047 @defun face-equal face1 face2 &optional frame
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2048 This returns @code{t} if the faces @var{face1} and @var{face2} have the
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2049 same attributes for display.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2050 @end defun
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2051
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2052 @defun face-differs-from-default-p face &optional frame
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2053 This returns @code{t} if the face @var{face} displays differently from
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2054 the default face. A face is considered to be ``the same'' as the
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2055 default face if each attribute is either the same as that of the default
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2056 face, or unspecified (meaning to inherit from the default).
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
2057 @end defun
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
2058
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2059 @node Auto Faces
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2060 @subsection Automatic Face Assignment
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2061 @cindex automatic face assignment
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2062 @cindex faces, automatic choice
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2063
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2064 @cindex Font-Lock mode
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2065 Starting with Emacs 21, a hook is available for automatically
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2066 assigning faces to text in the buffer. This hook is used for part of
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2067 the implementation of Font-Lock mode.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2068
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2069 @tindex fontification-functions
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2070 @defvar fontification-functions
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2071 This variable holds a list of functions that are called by Emacs
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2072 redisplay as needed to assign faces automatically to text in the buffer.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2073
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2074 The functions are called in the order listed, with one argument, a
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2075 buffer position @var{pos}. Each function should attempt to assign faces
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2076 to the text in the current buffer starting at @var{pos}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2077
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2078 Each function should record the faces they assign by setting the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2079 @code{face} property. It should also add a non-@code{nil}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2080 @code{fontified} property for all the text it has assigned faces to.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2081 That property tells redisplay that faces have been assigned to that text
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2082 already.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2083
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2084 It is probably a good idea for each function to do nothing if the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2085 character after @var{pos} already has a non-@code{nil} @code{fontified}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2086 property, but this is not required. If one function overrides the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2087 assignments made by a previous one, the properties as they are
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2088 after the last function finishes are the ones that really matter.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2089
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2090 For efficiency, we recommend writing these functions so that they
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2091 usually assign faces to around 400 to 600 characters at each call.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2092 @end defvar
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2093
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2094 @node Font Lookup
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2095 @subsection Looking Up Fonts
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2096
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2097 @defun x-list-fonts pattern &optional face frame maximum
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2098 This function returns a list of available font names that match
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2099 @var{pattern}. If the optional arguments @var{face} and @var{frame} are
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2100 specified, then the list is limited to fonts that are the same size as
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2101 @var{face} currently is on @var{frame}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2102
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2103 The argument @var{pattern} should be a string, perhaps with wildcard
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2104 characters: the @samp{*} character matches any substring, and the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2105 @samp{?} character matches any single character. Pattern matching
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2106 of font names ignores case.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2107
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2108 If you specify @var{face} and @var{frame}, @var{face} should be a face name
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2109 (a symbol) and @var{frame} should be a frame.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2110
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2111 The optional argument @var{maximum} sets a limit on how many fonts to
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2112 return. If this is non-@code{nil}, then the return value is truncated
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2113 after the first @var{maximum} matching fonts. Specifying a small value
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2114 for @var{maximum} can make this function much faster, in cases where
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2115 many fonts match the pattern.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2116 @end defun
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2117
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2118 These additional functions are available starting in Emacs 21.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2119
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2120 @defun x-family-fonts &optional family frame
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2121 @tindex x-family-fonts
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2122 This function returns a list describing the available fonts for family
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2123 @var{family} on @var{frame}. If @var{family} is omitted or @code{nil},
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2124 this list applies to all families, and therefore, it contains all
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2125 available fonts. Otherwise, @var{family} must be a string; it may
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2126 contain the wildcards @samp{?} and @samp{*}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2127
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2128 The list describes the display that @var{frame} is on; if @var{frame} is
39404
5b69d94ceef3 (Font Lookup, Attribute Functions)
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39221
diff changeset
2129 omitted or @code{nil}, it applies to the selected frame's display
5b69d94ceef3 (Font Lookup, Attribute Functions)
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39221
diff changeset
2130 (@pxref{Input Focus}).
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2131
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2132 The list contains a vector of the following form for each font:
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2133
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2134 @example
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2135 [@var{family} @var{width} @var{point-size} @var{weight} @var{slant}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2136 @var{fixed-p} @var{full} @var{registry-and-encoding}]
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2137 @end example
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2138
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2139 The first five elements correspond to face attributes; if you
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2140 specify these attributes for a face, it will use this font.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2141
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2142 The last three elements give additional information about the font.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2143 @var{fixed-p} is non-nil if the font is fixed-pitch. @var{full} is the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2144 full name of the font, and @var{registry-and-encoding} is a string
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2145 giving the registry and encoding of the font.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2146
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2147 The result list is sorted according to the current face font sort order.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2148 @end defun
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2149
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2150 @defun x-font-family-list &optional frame
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2151 @tindex x-font-family-list
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2152 This function returns a list of the font families available for
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2153 @var{frame}'s display. If @var{frame} is omitted or @code{nil}, it
39404
5b69d94ceef3 (Font Lookup, Attribute Functions)
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39221
diff changeset
2154 describes the selected frame's display (@pxref{Input Focus}).
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2155
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2156 The value is a list of elements of this form:
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2157
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2158 @example
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2159 (@var{family} . @var{fixed-p})
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2160 @end example
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2161
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2162 @noindent
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2163 Here @var{family} is a font family, and @var{fixed-p} is
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2164 non-@code{nil} if fonts of that family are fixed-pitch.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2165 @end defun
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2166
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2167 @defvar font-list-limit
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2168 @tindex font-list-limit
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2169 This variable specifies maximum number of fonts to consider in font
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2170 matching. The function @code{x-family-fonts} will not return more than
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2171 that many fonts, and font selection will consider only that many fonts
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2172 when searching a matching font for face attributes. The default is
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2173 currently 100.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2174 @end defvar
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2175
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2176 @node Fontsets
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2177 @subsection Fontsets
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2178
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2179 A @dfn{fontset} is a list of fonts, each assigned to a range of
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2180 character codes. An individual font cannot display the whole range of
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2181 characters that Emacs supports, but a fontset can. Fontsets have names,
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2182 just as fonts do, and you can use a fontset name in place of a font name
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2183 when you specify the ``font'' for a frame or a face. Here is
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2184 information about defining a fontset under Lisp program control.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2185
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2186 @defun create-fontset-from-fontset-spec fontset-spec &optional style-variant-p noerror
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2187 This function defines a new fontset according to the specification
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2188 string @var{fontset-spec}. The string should have this format:
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2189
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2190 @smallexample
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2191 @var{fontpattern}, @r{[}@var{charsetname}:@var{fontname}@r{]@dots{}}
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2192 @end smallexample
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2193
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2194 @noindent
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2195 Whitespace characters before and after the commas are ignored.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2196
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2197 The first part of the string, @var{fontpattern}, should have the form of
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2198 a standard X font name, except that the last two fields should be
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2199 @samp{fontset-@var{alias}}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2200
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2201 The new fontset has two names, one long and one short. The long name is
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2202 @var{fontpattern} in its entirety. The short name is
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2203 @samp{fontset-@var{alias}}. You can refer to the fontset by either
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2204 name. If a fontset with the same name already exists, an error is
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2205 signaled, unless @var{noerror} is non-@code{nil}, in which case this
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2206 function does nothing.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2207
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2208 If optional argument @var{style-variant-p} is non-@code{nil}, that says
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2209 to create bold, italic and bold-italic variants of the fontset as well.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2210 These variant fontsets do not have a short name, only a long one, which
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2211 is made by altering @var{fontpattern} to indicate the bold or italic
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2212 status.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2213
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2214 The specification string also says which fonts to use in the fontset.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2215 See below for the details.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2216 @end defun
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2217
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2218 The construct @samp{@var{charset}:@var{font}} specifies which font to
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2219 use (in this fontset) for one particular character set. Here,
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2220 @var{charset} is the name of a character set, and @var{font} is the font
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2221 to use for that character set. You can use this construct any number of
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2222 times in the specification string.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2223
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2224 For the remaining character sets, those that you don't specify
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2225 explicitly, Emacs chooses a font based on @var{fontpattern}: it replaces
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2226 @samp{fontset-@var{alias}} with a value that names one character set.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2227 For the @sc{ascii} character set, @samp{fontset-@var{alias}} is replaced
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2228 with @samp{ISO8859-1}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2229
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2230 In addition, when several consecutive fields are wildcards, Emacs
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2231 collapses them into a single wildcard. This is to prevent use of
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2232 auto-scaled fonts. Fonts made by scaling larger fonts are not usable
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2233 for editing, and scaling a smaller font is not useful because it is
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2234 better to use the smaller font in its own size, which Emacs does.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2235
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2236 Thus if @var{fontpattern} is this,
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2237
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2238 @example
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2239 -*-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-24-*-*-*-*-*-fontset-24
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2240 @end example
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2241
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2242 @noindent
27374
0f5edee5242b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27332
diff changeset
2243 the font specification for @sc{ascii} characters would be this:
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2244
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2245 @example
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2246 -*-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-24-*-ISO8859-1
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2247 @end example
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2248
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2249 @noindent
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2250 and the font specification for Chinese GB2312 characters would be this:
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2251
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2252 @example
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2253 -*-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-24-*-gb2312*-*
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2254 @end example
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2255
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2256 You may not have any Chinese font matching the above font
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2257 specification. Most X distributions include only Chinese fonts that
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2258 have @samp{song ti} or @samp{fangsong ti} in the @var{family} field. In
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2259 such a case, @samp{Fontset-@var{n}} can be specified as below:
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2260
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2261 @smallexample
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2262 Emacs.Fontset-0: -*-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-24-*-*-*-*-*-fontset-24,\
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2263 chinese-gb2312:-*-*-medium-r-normal-*-24-*-gb2312*-*
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2264 @end smallexample
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2265
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2266 @noindent
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2267 Then, the font specifications for all but Chinese GB2312 characters have
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2268 @samp{fixed} in the @var{family} field, and the font specification for
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2269 Chinese GB2312 characters has a wild card @samp{*} in the @var{family}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2270 field.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2271
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2272 @node Display Property
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2273 @section The @code{display} Property
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2274 @cindex display specification
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2275 @kindex display @r{(text property)}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2276
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2277 The @code{display} text property (or overlay property) is used to
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2278 insert images into text, and also control other aspects of how text
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2279 displays. These features are available starting in Emacs 21. The value
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2280 of the @code{display} property should be a display specification, or a
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2281 list or vector containing several display specifications. The rest of
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2282 this section describes several kinds of display specifications and what
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2283 they mean.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2284
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2285 @menu
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2286 * Specified Space:: Displaying one space with a specified width.
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2287 * Other Display Specs:: Displaying an image; magnifying text; moving it
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48948
diff changeset
2288 up or down on the page; adjusting the width
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2289 of spaces within text.
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2290 * Display Margins:: Displaying text or images to the side of the main text.
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2291 * Conditional Display:: Making any of the above features conditional
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2292 depending on some Lisp expression.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2293 @end menu
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2294
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2295 @node Specified Space
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2296 @subsection Specified Spaces
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2297 @cindex spaces, specified height or width
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2298 @cindex specified spaces
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2299 @cindex variable-width spaces
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2300
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2301 To display a space of specified width and/or height, use a display
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2302 specification of the form @code{(space . @var{props})}, where
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2303 @var{props} is a property list (a list of alternating properties and
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2304 values). You can put this property on one or more consecutive
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2305 characters; a space of the specified height and width is displayed in
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2306 place of @emph{all} of those characters. These are the properties you
44281
dfabb11c1e1a Minor cleanups.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43290
diff changeset
2307 can use in @var{props} to specify the weight of the space:
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2308
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2309 @table @code
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2310 @item :width @var{width}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2311 Specifies that the space width should be @var{width} times the normal
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2312 character width. @var{width} can be an integer or floating point
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2313 number.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2314
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2315 @item :relative-width @var{factor}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2316 Specifies that the width of the stretch should be computed from the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2317 first character in the group of consecutive characters that have the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2318 same @code{display} property. The space width is the width of that
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2319 character, multiplied by @var{factor}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2320
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2321 @item :align-to @var{hpos}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2322 Specifies that the space should be wide enough to reach @var{hpos}. The
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2323 value @var{hpos} is measured in units of the normal character width. It
48701
bfdd0deae843 Fix typo.
Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz>
parents: 47482
diff changeset
2324 may be an integer or a floating point number.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2325 @end table
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2326
44281
dfabb11c1e1a Minor cleanups.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43290
diff changeset
2327 You should use one and only one of the above properties. You can
dfabb11c1e1a Minor cleanups.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43290
diff changeset
2328 also specify the height of the space, with other properties:
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2329
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2330 @table @code
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2331 @item :height @var{height}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2332 Specifies the height of the space, as @var{height},
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2333 measured in terms of the normal line height.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2334
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2335 @item :relative-height @var{factor}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2336 Specifies the height of the space, multiplying the ordinary height
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2337 of the text having this display specification by @var{factor}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2338
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2339 @item :ascent @var{ascent}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2340 Specifies that @var{ascent} percent of the height of the space should be
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2341 considered as the ascent of the space---that is, the part above the
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2342 baseline. The value of @var{ascent} must be a non-negative number no
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2343 greater than 100.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2344 @end table
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2345
44281
dfabb11c1e1a Minor cleanups.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43290
diff changeset
2346 Don't use both @code{:height} and @code{:relative-height} together.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2347
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2348 @node Other Display Specs
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2349 @subsection Other Display Specifications
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2350
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2351 @table @code
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2352 @item (image . @var{image-props})
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2353 This is in fact an image descriptor (@pxref{Images}). When used as a
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2354 display specification, it means to display the image instead of the text
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2355 that has the display specification.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2356
32467
d8a494b62fbd string display property
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 32261
diff changeset
2357 @item ((margin nil) @var{string})
d8a494b62fbd string display property
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 32261
diff changeset
2358 @itemx @var{string}
d8a494b62fbd string display property
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 32261
diff changeset
2359 A display specification of this form means to display @var{string}
d8a494b62fbd string display property
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 32261
diff changeset
2360 instead of the text that has the display specification, at the same
d8a494b62fbd string display property
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 32261
diff changeset
2361 position as that text. This is a special case of marginal display
d8a494b62fbd string display property
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 32261
diff changeset
2362 (@pxref{Display Margins}).
d8a494b62fbd string display property
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 32261
diff changeset
2363
44281
dfabb11c1e1a Minor cleanups.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43290
diff changeset
2364 Recursive display specifications are not supported---string display
dfabb11c1e1a Minor cleanups.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43290
diff changeset
2365 specifications must not have @code{display} properties themselves.
36935
1ac3e0f3e75a *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 36730
diff changeset
2366
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2367 @item (space-width @var{factor})
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2368 This display specification affects all the space characters within the
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2369 text that has the specification. It displays all of these spaces
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2370 @var{factor} times as wide as normal. The element @var{factor} should
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2371 be an integer or float. Characters other than spaces are not affected
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2372 at all; in particular, this has no effect on tab characters.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2373
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2374 @item (height @var{height})
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2375 This display specification makes the text taller or shorter.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2376 Here are the possibilities for @var{height}:
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2377
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2378 @table @asis
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2379 @item @code{(+ @var{n})}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2380 This means to use a font that is @var{n} steps larger. A ``step'' is
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2381 defined by the set of available fonts---specifically, those that match
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2382 what was otherwise specified for this text, in all attributes except
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2383 height. Each size for which a suitable font is available counts as
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2384 another step. @var{n} should be an integer.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2385
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2386 @item @code{(- @var{n})}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2387 This means to use a font that is @var{n} steps smaller.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2388
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2389 @item a number, @var{factor}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2390 A number, @var{factor}, means to use a font that is @var{factor} times
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2391 as tall as the default font.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2392
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2393 @item a symbol, @var{function}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2394 A symbol is a function to compute the height. It is called with the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2395 current height as argument, and should return the new height to use.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2396
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2397 @item anything else, @var{form}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2398 If the @var{height} value doesn't fit the previous possibilities, it is
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2399 a form. Emacs evaluates it to get the new height, with the symbol
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2400 @code{height} bound to the current specified font height.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2401 @end table
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2402
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2403 @item (raise @var{factor})
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2404 This kind of display specification raises or lowers the text
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2405 it applies to, relative to the baseline of the line.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2406
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2407 @var{factor} must be a number, which is interpreted as a multiple of the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2408 height of the affected text. If it is positive, that means to display
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2409 the characters raised. If it is negative, that means to display them
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2410 lower down.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2411
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2412 If the text also has a @code{height} display specification, that does
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2413 not affect the amount of raising or lowering, which is based on the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2414 faces used for the text.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2415 @end table
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2416
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2417 @node Display Margins
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2418 @subsection Displaying in the Margins
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2419 @cindex display margins
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2420 @cindex margins, display
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2421
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2422 A buffer can have blank areas called @dfn{display margins} on the left
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2423 and on the right. Ordinary text never appears in these areas, but you
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2424 can put things into the display margins using the @code{display}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2425 property.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2426
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2427 To put text in the left or right display margin of the window, use a
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2428 display specification of the form @code{(margin right-margin)} or
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2429 @code{(margin left-margin)} on it. To put an image in a display margin,
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2430 use that display specification along with the display specification for
42476
fe0b84badbb1 Margin displays can't be mouse sensitive.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 42297
diff changeset
2431 the image. Unfortunately, there is currently no way to make
fe0b84badbb1 Margin displays can't be mouse sensitive.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 42297
diff changeset
2432 text or images in the margin mouse-sensitive.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2433
42297
c4f9d48801a8 Explain using a before-string to put something in the margin.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 42082
diff changeset
2434 If you put such a display specification directly on text in the
c4f9d48801a8 Explain using a before-string to put something in the margin.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 42082
diff changeset
2435 buffer, the specified margin display appears @emph{instead of} that
c4f9d48801a8 Explain using a before-string to put something in the margin.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 42082
diff changeset
2436 buffer text itself. To put something in the margin @emph{in
c4f9d48801a8 Explain using a before-string to put something in the margin.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 42082
diff changeset
2437 association with} certain buffer text without preventing or altering
c4f9d48801a8 Explain using a before-string to put something in the margin.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 42082
diff changeset
2438 the display of that text, put a @code{before-string} property on the
c4f9d48801a8 Explain using a before-string to put something in the margin.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 42082
diff changeset
2439 text and put the display specification on the contents of the
c4f9d48801a8 Explain using a before-string to put something in the margin.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 42082
diff changeset
2440 before-string.
c4f9d48801a8 Explain using a before-string to put something in the margin.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 42082
diff changeset
2441
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2442 Before the display margins can display anything, you must give
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2443 them a nonzero width. The usual way to do that is to set these
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2444 variables:
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2445
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2446 @defvar left-margin-width
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2447 @tindex left-margin-width
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2448 This variable specifies the width of the left margin.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2449 It is buffer-local in all buffers.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2450 @end defvar
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2451
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2452 @defvar right-margin-width
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2453 @tindex right-margin-width
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2454 This variable specifies the width of the right margin.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2455 It is buffer-local in all buffers.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2456 @end defvar
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2457
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2458 Setting these variables does not immediately affect the window. These
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2459 variables are checked when a new buffer is displayed in the window.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2460 Thus, you can make changes take effect by calling
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2461 @code{set-window-buffer}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2462
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2463 You can also set the margin widths immediately.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2464
36935
1ac3e0f3e75a *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 36730
diff changeset
2465 @defun set-window-margins window left &optional right
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2466 @tindex set-window-margins
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2467 This function specifies the margin widths for window @var{window}.
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48948
diff changeset
2468 The argument @var{left} controls the left margin and
36935
1ac3e0f3e75a *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 36730
diff changeset
2469 @var{right} controls the right margin (default @code{0}).
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2470 @end defun
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2471
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2472 @defun window-margins &optional window
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2473 @tindex window-margins
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2474 This function returns the left and right margins of @var{window}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2475 as a cons cell of the form @code{(@var{left} . @var{right})}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2476 If @var{window} is @code{nil}, the selected window is used.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2477 @end defun
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2478
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2479 @node Conditional Display
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2480 @subsection Conditional Display Specifications
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2481 @cindex conditional display specifications
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2482
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2483 You can make any display specification conditional. To do that,
29471
215b57502518 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29151
diff changeset
2484 package it in another list of the form @code{(when @var{condition} .
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2485 @var{spec})}. Then the specification @var{spec} applies only when
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2486 @var{condition} evaluates to a non-@code{nil} value. During the
39032
ed864621a68e Conditional Display): Adjust to API change.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 38278
diff changeset
2487 evaluation, @code{object} is bound to the string or buffer having the
ed864621a68e Conditional Display): Adjust to API change.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 38278
diff changeset
2488 conditional @code{display} property. @code{position} and
ed864621a68e Conditional Display): Adjust to API change.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 38278
diff changeset
2489 @code{buffer-position} are bound to the position within @code{object}
ed864621a68e Conditional Display): Adjust to API change.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 38278
diff changeset
2490 and the buffer position where the @code{display} property was found,
ed864621a68e Conditional Display): Adjust to API change.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 38278
diff changeset
2491 respectively. Both positions can be different when @code{object} is a
ed864621a68e Conditional Display): Adjust to API change.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 38278
diff changeset
2492 string.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2493
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2494 @node Images
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2495 @section Images
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2496 @cindex images in buffers
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2497
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2498 To display an image in an Emacs buffer, you must first create an image
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2499 descriptor, then use it as a display specifier in the @code{display}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2500 property of text that is displayed (@pxref{Display Property}). Like the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2501 @code{display} property, this feature is available starting in Emacs 21.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2502
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2503 Emacs can display a number of different image formats; some of them
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2504 are supported only if particular support libraries are installed on your
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2505 machine. The supported image formats include XBM, XPM (needing the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2506 libraries @code{libXpm} version 3.4k and @code{libz}), GIF (needing
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2507 @code{libungif} 4.1.0), Postscript, PBM, JPEG (needing the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2508 @code{libjpeg} library version v6a), TIFF (needing @code{libtiff} v3.4),
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2509 and PNG (needing @code{libpng} 1.0.2).
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2510
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2511 You specify one of these formats with an image type symbol. The image
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2512 type symbols are @code{xbm}, @code{xpm}, @code{gif}, @code{postscript},
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2513 @code{pbm}, @code{jpeg}, @code{tiff}, and @code{png}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2514
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2515 @defvar image-types
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2516 This variable contains a list of those image type symbols that are
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2517 supported in the current configuration.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2518 @end defvar
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2519
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2520 @menu
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2521 * Image Descriptors:: How to specify an image for use in @code{:display}.
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2522 * XBM Images:: Special features for XBM format.
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2523 * XPM Images:: Special features for XPM format.
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2524 * GIF Images:: Special features for GIF format.
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2525 * Postscript Images:: Special features for Postscript format.
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2526 * Other Image Types:: Various other formats are supported.
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2527 * Defining Images:: Convenient ways to define an image for later use.
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2528 * Showing Images:: Convenient ways to display an image once it is defined.
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2529 * Image Cache:: Internal mechanisms of image display.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2530 @end menu
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2531
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2532 @node Image Descriptors
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2533 @subsection Image Descriptors
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2534 @cindex image descriptor
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2535
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2536 An image description is a list of the form @code{(image
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2537 . @var{props})}, where @var{props} is a property list containing
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2538 alternating keyword symbols (symbols whose names start with a colon) and
26400
53eeb3b7c785 Patch from rms.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 26221
diff changeset
2539 their values. You can use any Lisp object as a property, but the only
53eeb3b7c785 Patch from rms.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 26221
diff changeset
2540 properties that have any special meaning are certain symbols, all of
53eeb3b7c785 Patch from rms.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 26221
diff changeset
2541 them keywords.
53eeb3b7c785 Patch from rms.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 26221
diff changeset
2542
53eeb3b7c785 Patch from rms.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 26221
diff changeset
2543 Every image descriptor must contain the property @code{:type
53eeb3b7c785 Patch from rms.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 26221
diff changeset
2544 @var{type}} to specify the format of the image. The value of @var{type}
53eeb3b7c785 Patch from rms.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 26221
diff changeset
2545 should be an image type symbol; for example, @code{xpm} for an image in
53eeb3b7c785 Patch from rms.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 26221
diff changeset
2546 XPM format.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2547
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2548 Here is a list of other properties that are meaningful for all image
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2549 types:
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2550
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2551 @table @code
36730
1c038a1a02a1 Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36351
diff changeset
2552 @item :file @var{file}
1c038a1a02a1 Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36351
diff changeset
2553 The @code{:file} property specifies to load the image from file
1c038a1a02a1 Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36351
diff changeset
2554 @var{file}. If @var{file} is not an absolute file name, it is expanded
1c038a1a02a1 Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36351
diff changeset
2555 in @code{data-directory}.
1c038a1a02a1 Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36351
diff changeset
2556
1c038a1a02a1 Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36351
diff changeset
2557 @item :data @var{data}
1c038a1a02a1 Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36351
diff changeset
2558 The @code{:data} property specifies the actual contents of the image.
1c038a1a02a1 Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36351
diff changeset
2559 Each image must use either @code{:data} or @code{:file}, but not both.
1c038a1a02a1 Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36351
diff changeset
2560 For most image types, the value of the @code{:data} property should be a
1c038a1a02a1 Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36351
diff changeset
2561 string containing the image data; we recommend using a unibyte string.
1c038a1a02a1 Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36351
diff changeset
2562
1c038a1a02a1 Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36351
diff changeset
2563 Before using @code{:data}, look for further information in the section
1c038a1a02a1 Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36351
diff changeset
2564 below describing the specific image format. For some image types,
1c038a1a02a1 Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36351
diff changeset
2565 @code{:data} may not be supported; for some, it allows other data types;
1c038a1a02a1 Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36351
diff changeset
2566 for some, @code{:data} alone is not enough, so you need to use other
1c038a1a02a1 Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36351
diff changeset
2567 image properties along with @code{:data}.
1c038a1a02a1 Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36351
diff changeset
2568
1c038a1a02a1 Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36351
diff changeset
2569 @item :margin @var{margin}
1c038a1a02a1 Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36351
diff changeset
2570 The @code{:margin} property specifies how many pixels to add as an
1c038a1a02a1 Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36351
diff changeset
2571 extra margin around the image. The value, @var{margin}, must be a a
1c038a1a02a1 Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36351
diff changeset
2572 non-negative number, or a pair @code{(@var{x} . @var{y})} of such
1c038a1a02a1 Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36351
diff changeset
2573 numbers. If it is a pair, @var{x} specifies how many pixels to add
1c038a1a02a1 Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36351
diff changeset
2574 horizontally, and @var{y} specifies how many pixels to add vertically.
1c038a1a02a1 Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36351
diff changeset
2575 If @code{:margin} is not specified, the default is zero.
1c038a1a02a1 Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36351
diff changeset
2576
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2577 @item :ascent @var{ascent}
29151
fa8f476affa7 *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2578 The @code{:ascent} property specifies the amount of the image's
fa8f476affa7 *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2579 height to use for its ascent---that is, the part above the baseline.
fa8f476affa7 *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2580 The value, @var{ascent}, must be a number in the range 0 to 100, or
fa8f476affa7 *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2581 the symbol @code{center}.
fa8f476affa7 *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2582
fa8f476affa7 *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2583 If @var{ascent} is a number, that percentage of the image's height is
fa8f476affa7 *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2584 used for its ascent.
fa8f476affa7 *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2585
fa8f476affa7 *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2586 If @var{ascent} is @code{center}, the image is vertically centered
fa8f476affa7 *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2587 around a centerline which would be the vertical centerline of text drawn
fa8f476affa7 *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2588 at the position of the image, in the manner specified by the text
fa8f476affa7 *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2589 properties and overlays that apply to the image.
fa8f476affa7 *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2590
fa8f476affa7 *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2591 If this property is omitted, it defaults to 50.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2592
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2593 @item :relief @var{relief}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2594 The @code{:relief} property, if non-@code{nil}, adds a shadow rectangle
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2595 around the image. The value, @var{relief}, specifies the width of the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2596 shadow lines, in pixels. If @var{relief} is negative, shadows are drawn
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2597 so that the image appears as a pressed button; otherwise, it appears as
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2598 an unpressed button.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2599
35364
19c93f3ebdce *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 35278
diff changeset
2600 @item :conversion @var{algorithm}
19c93f3ebdce *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 35278
diff changeset
2601 The @code{:conversion} property, if non-@code{nil}, specifies a
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2602 conversion algorithm that should be applied to the image before it is
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2603 displayed; the value, @var{algorithm}, specifies which algorithm.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2604
33996
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2605 @table @code
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2606 @item laplace
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2607 @itemx emboss
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2608 Specifies the Laplace edge detection algorithm, which blurs out small
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2609 differences in color while highlighting larger differences. People
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2610 sometimes consider this useful for displaying the image for a
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2611 ``disabled'' button.
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2612
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2613 @item (edge-detection :matrix @var{matrix} :color-adjust @var{adjust})
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2614 Specifies a general edge-detection algorithm. @var{matrix} must be
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2615 either a nine-element list or a nine-element vector of numbers. A pixel
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2616 at position @math{x/y} in the transformed image is computed from
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2617 original pixels around that position. @var{matrix} specifies, for each
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2618 pixel in the neighborhood of @math{x/y}, a factor with which that pixel
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2619 will influence the transformed pixel; element @math{0} specifies the
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2620 factor for the pixel at @math{x-1/y-1}, element @math{1} the factor for
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2621 the pixel at @math{x/y-1} etc., as shown below:
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2622 @iftex
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2623 @tex
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2624 $$\pmatrix{x-1/y-1 & x/y-1 & x+1/y-1 \cr
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2625 x-1/y & x/y & x+1/y \cr
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2626 x-1/y+1& x/y+1 & x+1/y+1 \cr}$$
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2627 @end tex
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2628 @end iftex
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2629 @ifnottex
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2630 @display
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2631 (x-1/y-1 x/y-1 x+1/y-1
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2632 x-1/y x/y x+1/y
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2633 x-1/y+1 x/y+1 x+1/y+1)
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2634 @end display
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2635 @end ifnottex
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2636
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2637 The resulting pixel is computed from the color intensity of the color
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2638 resulting from summing up the RGB values of surrounding pixels,
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2639 multiplied by the specified factors, and dividing that sum by the sum
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2640 of the factors' absolute values.
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2641
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2642 Laplace edge-detection currently uses a matrix of
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2643 @iftex
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2644 @tex
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2645 $$\pmatrix{1 & 0 & 0 \cr
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2646 0& 0 & 0 \cr
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2647 9 & 9 & -1 \cr}$$
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2648 @end tex
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2649 @end iftex
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2650 @ifnottex
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2651 @display
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2652 (1 0 0
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2653 0 0 0
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2654 9 9 -1)
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2655 @end display
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2656 @end ifnottex
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2657
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2658 Emboss edge-detection uses a matrix of
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2659 @iftex
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2660 @tex
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2661 $$\pmatrix{ 2 & -1 & 0 \cr
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2662 -1 & 0 & 1 \cr
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2663 0 & 1 & -2 \cr}$$
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2664 @end tex
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2665 @end iftex
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2666 @ifnottex
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2667 @display
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2668 ( 2 -1 0
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2669 -1 0 1
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2670 0 1 -2)
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2671 @end display
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2672 @end ifnottex
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2673
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2674 @item disabled
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2675 Specifies transforming the image so that it looks ``disabled''.
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2676 @end table
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2677
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2678 @item :mask @var{mask}
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2679 If @var{mask} is @code{heuristic} or @code{(heuristic @var{bg})}, build
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2680 a clipping mask for the image, so that the background of a frame is
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2681 visible behind the image. If @var{bg} is not specified, or if @var{bg}
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2682 is @code{t}, determine the background color of the image by looking at
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2683 the four corners of the image, assuming the most frequently occurring
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2684 color from the corners is the background color of the image. Otherwise,
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2685 @var{bg} must be a list @code{(@var{red} @var{green} @var{blue})}
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2686 specifying the color to assume for the background of the image.
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2687
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2688 If @var{mask} is nil, remove a mask from the image, if it has one. Images
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2689 in some formats include a mask which can be removed by specifying
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2690 @code{:mask nil}.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2691 @end table
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2692
33996
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2693 @defun image-mask-p spec &optional frame
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2694 @tindex image-mask-p
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2695 This function returns @code{t} if image @var{spec} has a mask bitmap.
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2696 @var{frame} is the frame on which the image will be displayed.
39404
5b69d94ceef3 (Font Lookup, Attribute Functions)
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39221
diff changeset
2697 @var{frame} @code{nil} or omitted means to use the selected frame
5b69d94ceef3 (Font Lookup, Attribute Functions)
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39221
diff changeset
2698 (@pxref{Input Focus}).
33996
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2699 @end defun
d3bd47722971 image-mask-p
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33373
diff changeset
2700
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2701 @node XBM Images
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2702 @subsection XBM Images
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2703 @cindex XBM
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2704
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2705 To use XBM format, specify @code{xbm} as the image type. This image
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2706 format doesn't require an external library, so images of this type are
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2707 always supported.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2708
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2709 Additional image properties supported for the @code{xbm} image type are:
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2710
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2711 @table @code
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2712 @item :foreground @var{foreground}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2713 The value, @var{foreground}, should be a string specifying the image
37949
1302dd937a79 Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37170
diff changeset
2714 foreground color, or @code{nil} for the default color. This color is
1302dd937a79 Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37170
diff changeset
2715 used for each pixel in the XBM that is 1. The default is the frame's
1302dd937a79 Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37170
diff changeset
2716 foreground color.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2717
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2718 @item :background @var{background}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2719 The value, @var{background}, should be a string specifying the image
37949
1302dd937a79 Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37170
diff changeset
2720 background color, or @code{nil} for the default color. This color is
1302dd937a79 Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37170
diff changeset
2721 used for each pixel in the XBM that is 0. The default is the frame's
1302dd937a79 Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37170
diff changeset
2722 background color.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2723 @end table
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2724
27093
4b1a67a46d8c *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 26986
diff changeset
2725 If you specify an XBM image using data within Emacs instead of an
28792
f870c858cfdf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28770
diff changeset
2726 external file, use the following three properties:
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2727
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2728 @table @code
28792
f870c858cfdf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28770
diff changeset
2729 @item :data @var{data}
f870c858cfdf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28770
diff changeset
2730 The value, @var{data}, specifies the contents of the image.
f870c858cfdf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28770
diff changeset
2731 There are three formats you can use for @var{data}:
f870c858cfdf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28770
diff changeset
2732
f870c858cfdf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28770
diff changeset
2733 @itemize @bullet
f870c858cfdf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28770
diff changeset
2734 @item
f870c858cfdf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28770
diff changeset
2735 A vector of strings or bool-vectors, each specifying one line of the
f870c858cfdf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28770
diff changeset
2736 image. Do specify @code{:height} and @code{:width}.
f870c858cfdf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28770
diff changeset
2737
f870c858cfdf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28770
diff changeset
2738 @item
f870c858cfdf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28770
diff changeset
2739 A string containing the same byte sequence as an XBM file would contain.
f870c858cfdf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28770
diff changeset
2740 You must not specify @code{:height} and @code{:width} in this case,
f870c858cfdf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28770
diff changeset
2741 because omitting them is what indicates the data has the format of an
f870c858cfdf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28770
diff changeset
2742 XBM file. The file contents specify the height and width of the image.
f870c858cfdf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28770
diff changeset
2743
f870c858cfdf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28770
diff changeset
2744 @item
f870c858cfdf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28770
diff changeset
2745 A string or a bool-vector containing the bits of the image (plus perhaps
f870c858cfdf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28770
diff changeset
2746 some extra bits at the end that will not be used). It should contain at
f870c858cfdf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28770
diff changeset
2747 least @var{width} * @code{height} bits. In this case, you must specify
f870c858cfdf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28770
diff changeset
2748 @code{:height} and @code{:width}, both to indicate that the string
f870c858cfdf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28770
diff changeset
2749 contains just the bits rather than a whole XBM file, and to specify the
f870c858cfdf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28770
diff changeset
2750 size of the image.
f870c858cfdf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28770
diff changeset
2751 @end itemize
f870c858cfdf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28770
diff changeset
2752
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2753 @item :width @var{width}
28792
f870c858cfdf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28770
diff changeset
2754 The value, @var{width}, specifies the width of the image, in pixels.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2755
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2756 @item :height @var{height}
28792
f870c858cfdf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 28770
diff changeset
2757 The value, @var{height}, specifies the height of the image, in pixels.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2758 @end table
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2759
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2760 @node XPM Images
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2761 @subsection XPM Images
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2762 @cindex XPM
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2763
27093
4b1a67a46d8c *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 26986
diff changeset
2764 To use XPM format, specify @code{xpm} as the image type. The
4b1a67a46d8c *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 26986
diff changeset
2765 additional image property @code{:color-symbols} is also meaningful with
4b1a67a46d8c *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 26986
diff changeset
2766 the @code{xpm} image type:
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2767
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2768 @table @code
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2769 @item :color-symbols @var{symbols}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2770 The value, @var{symbols}, should be an alist whose elements have the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2771 form @code{(@var{name} . @var{color})}. In each element, @var{name} is
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2772 the name of a color as it appears in the image file, and @var{color}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2773 specifies the actual color to use for displaying that name.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2774 @end table
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2775
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2776 @node GIF Images
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2777 @subsection GIF Images
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2778 @cindex GIF
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2779
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2780 For GIF images, specify image type @code{gif}. Because of the patents
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2781 in the US covering the LZW algorithm, the continued use of GIF format is
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2782 a problem for the whole Internet; to end this problem, it is a good idea
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2783 for everyone, even outside the US, to stop using GIFS right away
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2784 (@uref{http://www.burnallgifs.org/}). But if you still want to use
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2785 them, Emacs can display them.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2786
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2787 @table @code
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2788 @item :index @var{index}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2789 You can use @code{:index} to specify one image from a GIF file that
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2790 contains more than one image. This property specifies use of image
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2791 number @var{index} from the file. An error is signaled if the GIF file
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2792 doesn't contain an image with index @var{index}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2793 @end table
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2794
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2795 @ignore
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2796 This could be used to implement limited support for animated GIFs.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2797 For example, the following function displays a multi-image GIF file
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2798 at point-min in the current buffer, switching between sub-images
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2799 every 0.1 seconds.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2800
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2801 (defun show-anim (file max)
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2802 "Display multi-image GIF file FILE which contains MAX subimages."
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2803 (display-anim (current-buffer) file 0 max t))
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2804
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2805 (defun display-anim (buffer file idx max first-time)
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2806 (when (= idx max)
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2807 (setq idx 0))
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2808 (let ((img (create-image file nil :image idx)))
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2809 (save-excursion
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2810 (set-buffer buffer)
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2811 (goto-char (point-min))
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2812 (unless first-time (delete-char 1))
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2813 (insert-image img))
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2814 (run-with-timer 0.1 nil 'display-anim buffer file (1+ idx) max nil)))
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2815 @end ignore
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2816
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2817 @node Postscript Images
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2818 @subsection Postscript Images
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2819 @cindex Postscript images
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2820
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2821 To use Postscript for an image, specify image type @code{postscript}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2822 This works only if you have Ghostscript installed. You must always use
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2823 these three properties:
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2824
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2825 @table @code
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2826 @item :pt-width @var{width}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2827 The value, @var{width}, specifies the width of the image measured in
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2828 points (1/72 inch). @var{width} must be an integer.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2829
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2830 @item :pt-height @var{height}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2831 The value, @var{height}, specifies the height of the image in points
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2832 (1/72 inch). @var{height} must be an integer.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2833
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2834 @item :bounding-box @var{box}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2835 The value, @var{box}, must be a list or vector of four integers, which
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2836 specifying the bounding box of the Postscript image, analogous to the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2837 @samp{BoundingBox} comment found in Postscript files.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2838
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2839 @example
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2840 %%BoundingBox: 22 171 567 738
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2841 @end example
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2842 @end table
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2843
27093
4b1a67a46d8c *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 26986
diff changeset
2844 Displaying Postscript images from Lisp data is not currently
4b1a67a46d8c *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 26986
diff changeset
2845 implemented, but it may be implemented by the time you read this.
4b1a67a46d8c *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 26986
diff changeset
2846 See the @file{etc/NEWS} file to make sure.
4b1a67a46d8c *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 26986
diff changeset
2847
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2848 @node Other Image Types
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2849 @subsection Other Image Types
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2850 @cindex PBM
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2851
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2852 For PBM images, specify image type @code{pbm}. Color, gray-scale and
32552
070ca96fa546 (Other Image Types): Add description of :foreground
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 32467
diff changeset
2853 monochromatic images are supported. For mono PBM images, two additional
070ca96fa546 (Other Image Types): Add description of :foreground
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 32467
diff changeset
2854 image properties are supported.
070ca96fa546 (Other Image Types): Add description of :foreground
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 32467
diff changeset
2855
070ca96fa546 (Other Image Types): Add description of :foreground
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 32467
diff changeset
2856 @table @code
070ca96fa546 (Other Image Types): Add description of :foreground
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 32467
diff changeset
2857 @item :foreground @var{foreground}
070ca96fa546 (Other Image Types): Add description of :foreground
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 32467
diff changeset
2858 The value, @var{foreground}, should be a string specifying the image
37949
1302dd937a79 Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37170
diff changeset
2859 foreground color, or @code{nil} for the default color. This color is
1302dd937a79 Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37170
diff changeset
2860 used for each pixel in the XBM that is 1. The default is the frame's
1302dd937a79 Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37170
diff changeset
2861 foreground color.
32552
070ca96fa546 (Other Image Types): Add description of :foreground
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 32467
diff changeset
2862
070ca96fa546 (Other Image Types): Add description of :foreground
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 32467
diff changeset
2863 @item :background @var{background}
070ca96fa546 (Other Image Types): Add description of :foreground
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 32467
diff changeset
2864 The value, @var{background}, should be a string specifying the image
37949
1302dd937a79 Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37170
diff changeset
2865 background color, or @code{nil} for the default color. This color is
1302dd937a79 Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37170
diff changeset
2866 used for each pixel in the XBM that is 0. The default is the frame's
1302dd937a79 Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37170
diff changeset
2867 background color.
32552
070ca96fa546 (Other Image Types): Add description of :foreground
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 32467
diff changeset
2868 @end table
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2869
27093
4b1a67a46d8c *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 26986
diff changeset
2870 For JPEG images, specify image type @code{jpeg}.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2871
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2872 For TIFF images, specify image type @code{tiff}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2873
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2874 For PNG images, specify image type @code{png}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2875
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2876 @node Defining Images
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2877 @subsection Defining Images
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2878
31373
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
2879 The functions @code{create-image}, @code{defimage} and
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
2880 @code{find-image} provide convenient ways to create image descriptors.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2881
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2882 @defun create-image file &optional type &rest props
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2883 @tindex create-image
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2884 This function creates and returns an image descriptor which uses the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2885 data in @var{file}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2886
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2887 The optional argument @var{type} is a symbol specifying the image type.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2888 If @var{type} is omitted or @code{nil}, @code{create-image} tries to
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2889 determine the image type from the file's first few bytes, or else
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2890 from the file's name.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2891
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2892 The remaining arguments, @var{props}, specify additional image
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2893 properties---for example,
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2894
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2895 @example
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2896 (create-image "foo.xpm" 'xpm :heuristic-mask t)
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2897 @end example
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2898
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2899 The function returns @code{nil} if images of this type are not
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2900 supported. Otherwise it returns an image descriptor.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2901 @end defun
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2902
41058
3532d3226828 (Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40469
diff changeset
2903 @defmac defimage symbol specs &optional doc
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2904 @tindex defimage
41058
3532d3226828 (Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40469
diff changeset
2905 This macro defines @var{symbol} as an image name. The arguments
3532d3226828 (Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40469
diff changeset
2906 @var{specs} is a list which specifies how to display the image.
3532d3226828 (Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40469
diff changeset
2907 The third argument, @var{doc}, is an optional documentation string.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2908
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2909 Each argument in @var{specs} has the form of a property list, and each
41058
3532d3226828 (Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40469
diff changeset
2910 one should specify at least the @code{:type} property and either the
3532d3226828 (Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40469
diff changeset
2911 @code{:file} or the @code{:data} property. The value of @code{:type}
3532d3226828 (Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40469
diff changeset
2912 should be a symbol specifying the image type, the value of
3532d3226828 (Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40469
diff changeset
2913 @code{:file} is the file to load the image from, and the value of
3532d3226828 (Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40469
diff changeset
2914 @code{:data} is a string containing the actual image data. Here is an
3532d3226828 (Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40469
diff changeset
2915 example:
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2916
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2917 @example
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2918 (defimage test-image
46338
6cf0fbc1d7da defimage does not evaluate SPECS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46245
diff changeset
2919 ((:type xpm :file "~/test1.xpm")
6cf0fbc1d7da defimage does not evaluate SPECS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46245
diff changeset
2920 (:type xbm :file "~/test1.xbm")))
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2921 @end example
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2922
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2923 @code{defimage} tests each argument, one by one, to see if it is
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2924 usable---that is, if the type is supported and the file exists. The
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2925 first usable argument is used to make an image descriptor which is
41058
3532d3226828 (Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40469
diff changeset
2926 stored in @var{symbol}.
3532d3226828 (Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40469
diff changeset
2927
3532d3226828 (Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40469
diff changeset
2928 If none of the alternatives will work, then @var{symbol} is defined
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2929 as @code{nil}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2930 @end defmac
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2931
31373
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
2932 @defun find-image specs
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
2933 @tindex find-image
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
2934 This function provides a convenient way to find an image satisfying one
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
2935 of a list of image specifications @var{specs}.
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
2936
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
2937 Each specification in @var{specs} is a property list with contents
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
2938 depending on image type. All specifications must at least contain the
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
2939 properties @code{:type @var{type}} and either @w{@code{:file @var{file}}}
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
2940 or @w{@code{:data @var{DATA}}}, where @var{type} is a symbol specifying
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
2941 the image type, e.g.@: @code{xbm}, @var{file} is the file to load the
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
2942 image from, and @var{data} is a string containing the actual image data.
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
2943 The first specification in the list whose @var{type} is supported, and
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
2944 @var{file} exists, is used to construct the image specification to be
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
2945 returned. If no specification is satisfied, @code{nil} is returned.
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
2946
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
2947 The image is looked for first on @code{load-path} and then in
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
2948 @code{data-directory}.
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
2949 @end defun
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
2950
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2951 @node Showing Images
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2952 @subsection Showing Images
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2953
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2954 You can use an image descriptor by setting up the @code{display}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2955 property yourself, but it is easier to use the functions in this
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2956 section.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2957
29471
215b57502518 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29151
diff changeset
2958 @defun insert-image image &optional string area
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2959 This function inserts @var{image} in the current buffer at point. The
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2960 value @var{image} should be an image descriptor; it could be a value
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2961 returned by @code{create-image}, or the value of a symbol defined with
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2962 @code{defimage}. The argument @var{string} specifies the text to put in
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2963 the buffer to hold the image.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2964
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2965 The argument @var{area} specifies whether to put the image in a margin.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2966 If it is @code{left-margin}, the image appears in the left margin;
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2967 @code{right-margin} specifies the right margin. If @var{area} is
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2968 @code{nil} or omitted, the image is displayed at point within the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2969 buffer's text.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2970
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2971 Internally, this function inserts @var{string} in the buffer, and gives
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
2972 it a @code{display} property which specifies @var{image}. @xref{Display
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2973 Property}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2974 @end defun
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2975
29471
215b57502518 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29151
diff changeset
2976 @defun put-image image pos &optional string area
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2977 This function puts image @var{image} in front of @var{pos} in the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2978 current buffer. The argument @var{pos} should be an integer or a
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2979 marker. It specifies the buffer position where the image should appear.
29471
215b57502518 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29151
diff changeset
2980 The argument @var{string} specifies the text that should hold the image
215b57502518 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29151
diff changeset
2981 as an alternative to the default.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2982
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2983 The argument @var{image} must be an image descriptor, perhaps returned
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2984 by @code{create-image} or stored by @code{defimage}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2985
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2986 The argument @var{area} specifies whether to put the image in a margin.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2987 If it is @code{left-margin}, the image appears in the left margin;
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2988 @code{right-margin} specifies the right margin. If @var{area} is
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2989 @code{nil} or omitted, the image is displayed at point within the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2990 buffer's text.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2991
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2992 Internally, this function creates an overlay, and gives it a
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2993 @code{before-string} property containing text that has a @code{display}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2994 property whose value is the image. (Whew!)
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2995 @end defun
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2996
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2997 @defun remove-images start end &optional buffer
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2998 This function removes images in @var{buffer} between positions
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2999 @var{start} and @var{end}. If @var{buffer} is omitted or @code{nil},
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3000 images are removed from the current buffer.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3001
27331
be0a552c8320 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27193
diff changeset
3002 This removes only images that were put into @var{buffer} the way
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3003 @code{put-image} does it, not images that were inserted with
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3004 @code{insert-image} or in other ways.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3005 @end defun
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3006
31373
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
3007 @defun image-size spec &optional pixels frame
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
3008 @tindex image-size
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
3009 This function returns the size of an image as a pair
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
3010 @w{@code{(@var{width} . @var{height})}}. @var{spec} is an image
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
3011 specification. @var{pixels} non-nil means return sizes measured in
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
3012 pixels, otherwise return sizes measured in canonical character units
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
3013 (fractions of the width/height of the frame's default font).
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
3014 @var{frame} is the frame on which the image will be displayed.
39404
5b69d94ceef3 (Font Lookup, Attribute Functions)
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39221
diff changeset
3015 @var{frame} null or omitted means use the selected frame (@pxref{Input
5b69d94ceef3 (Font Lookup, Attribute Functions)
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39221
diff changeset
3016 Focus}).
31373
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
3017 @end defun
a3fd71daf442 help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29471
diff changeset
3018
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3019 @node Image Cache
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3020 @subsection Image Cache
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3021
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3022 Emacs stores images in an image cache when it displays them, so it can
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3023 display them again more efficiently. It removes an image from the cache
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3024 when it hasn't been displayed for a specified period of time.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3025
28770
313b9e6e2dbf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 27971
diff changeset
3026 When an image is looked up in the cache, its specification is compared
313b9e6e2dbf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 27971
diff changeset
3027 with cached image specifications using @code{equal}. This means that
313b9e6e2dbf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 27971
diff changeset
3028 all images with equal specifications share the same image in the cache.
313b9e6e2dbf *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 27971
diff changeset
3029
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3030 @defvar image-cache-eviction-delay
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3031 @tindex image-cache-eviction-delay
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3032 This variable specifies the number of seconds an image can remain in the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3033 cache without being displayed. When an image is not displayed for this
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3034 length of time, Emacs removes it from the image cache.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3035
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3036 If the value is @code{nil}, Emacs does not remove images from the cache
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3037 except when you explicitly clear it. This mode can be useful for
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3038 debugging.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3039 @end defvar
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3040
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3041 @defun clear-image-cache &optional frame
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3042 @tindex clear-image-cache
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3043 This function clears the image cache. If @var{frame} is non-@code{nil},
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3044 only the cache for that frame is cleared. Otherwise all frames' caches
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3045 are cleared.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3046 @end defun
27447
ef387684dc33 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27374
diff changeset
3047
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3048 @node Blinking
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3049 @section Blinking Parentheses
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3050 @cindex parenthesis matching
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3051 @cindex blinking
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3052 @cindex balancing parentheses
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3053 @cindex close parenthesis
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3054
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3055 This section describes the mechanism by which Emacs shows a matching
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3056 open parenthesis when the user inserts a close parenthesis.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3057
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3058 @defvar blink-paren-function
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3059 The value of this variable should be a function (of no arguments) to
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3060 be called whenever a character with close parenthesis syntax is inserted.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3061 The value of @code{blink-paren-function} may be @code{nil}, in which
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3062 case nothing is done.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3063 @end defvar
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3064
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
3065 @defopt blink-matching-paren
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3066 If this variable is @code{nil}, then @code{blink-matching-open} does
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3067 nothing.
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
3068 @end defopt
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3069
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
3070 @defopt blink-matching-paren-distance
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3071 This variable specifies the maximum distance to scan for a matching
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3072 parenthesis before giving up.
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
3073 @end defopt
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3074
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
3075 @defopt blink-matching-delay
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
3076 This variable specifies the number of seconds for the cursor to remain
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
3077 at the matching parenthesis. A fraction of a second often gives
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
3078 good results, but the default is 1, which works on all systems.
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
3079 @end defopt
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
3080
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
3081 @deffn Command blink-matching-open
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3082 This function is the default value of @code{blink-paren-function}. It
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3083 assumes that point follows a character with close parenthesis syntax and
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3084 moves the cursor momentarily to the matching opening character. If that
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3085 character is not already on the screen, it displays the character's
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3086 context in the echo area. To avoid long delays, this function does not
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3087 search farther than @code{blink-matching-paren-distance} characters.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3088
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3089 Here is an example of calling this function explicitly.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3090
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3091 @smallexample
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3092 @group
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3093 (defun interactive-blink-matching-open ()
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3094 @c Do not break this line! -- rms.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3095 @c The first line of a doc string
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3096 @c must stand alone.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3097 "Indicate momentarily the start of sexp before point."
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3098 (interactive)
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3099 @end group
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3100 @group
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3101 (let ((blink-matching-paren-distance
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3102 (buffer-size))
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3103 (blink-matching-paren t))
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3104 (blink-matching-open)))
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3105 @end group
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3106 @end smallexample
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
3107 @end deffn
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3108
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3109 @node Inverse Video
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3110 @section Inverse Video
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3111 @cindex Inverse Video
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3112
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3113 @defopt inverse-video
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3114 @cindex highlighting
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3115 This variable controls whether Emacs uses inverse video for all text
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3116 on the screen. Non-@code{nil} means yes, @code{nil} means no. The
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3117 default is @code{nil}.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3118 @end defopt
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3119
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3120 @defopt mode-line-inverse-video
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
3121 This variable controls the use of inverse video for mode lines and menu
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
3122 bars. If it is non-@code{nil}, then these lines are displayed in
27331
be0a552c8320 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27193
diff changeset
3123 inverse video. Otherwise, these lines are displayed normally, just like
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
3124 other text. The default is @code{t}.
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
3125
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
3126 For window frames, this feature actually applies the face named
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
3127 @code{mode-line}; that face is normally set up as the inverse of the
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
3128 default face, unless you change it.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3129 @end defopt
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3130
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3131 @node Usual Display
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3132 @section Usual Display Conventions
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3133
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3134 The usual display conventions define how to display each character
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3135 code. You can override these conventions by setting up a display table
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3136 (@pxref{Display Tables}). Here are the usual display conventions:
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3137
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3138 @itemize @bullet
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3139 @item
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3140 Character codes 32 through 126 map to glyph codes 32 through 126.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3141 Normally this means they display as themselves.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3142
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3143 @item
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3144 Character code 9 is a horizontal tab. It displays as whitespace
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3145 up to a position determined by @code{tab-width}.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3146
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3147 @item
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3148 Character code 10 is a newline.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3149
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3150 @item
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3151 All other codes in the range 0 through 31, and code 127, display in one
9009
7cdfcd5e71ff entered into RCS
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8925
diff changeset
3152 of two ways according to the value of @code{ctl-arrow}. If it is
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3153 non-@code{nil}, these codes map to sequences of two glyphs, where the
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3154 first glyph is the @sc{ascii} code for @samp{^}. (A display table can
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3155 specify a glyph to use instead of @samp{^}.) Otherwise, these codes map
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3156 just like the codes in the range 128 to 255.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3157
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3158 On MS-DOS terminals, Emacs arranges by default for the character code
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3159 127 to be mapped to the glyph code 127, which normally displays as an
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3160 empty polygon. This glyph is used to display non-@sc{ascii} characters
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3161 that the MS-DOS terminal doesn't support. @xref{MS-DOS and MULE,,,
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3162 emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3163
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3164 @item
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3165 Character codes 128 through 255 map to sequences of four glyphs, where
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3166 the first glyph is the @sc{ascii} code for @samp{\}, and the others are
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
3167 digit characters representing the character code in octal. (A display
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3168 table can specify a glyph to use instead of @samp{\}.)
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3169
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3170 @item
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3171 Multibyte character codes above 256 are displayed as themselves, or as a
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3172 question mark or empty box if the terminal cannot display that
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3173 character.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3174 @end itemize
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3175
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3176 The usual display conventions apply even when there is a display
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3177 table, for any character whose entry in the active display table is
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3178 @code{nil}. Thus, when you set up a display table, you need only
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3179 specify the characters for which you want special behavior.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3180
24951
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22843
diff changeset
3181 These display rules apply to carriage return (character code 13), when
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22843
diff changeset
3182 it appears in the buffer. But that character may not appear in the
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22843
diff changeset
3183 buffer where you expect it, if it was eliminated as part of end-of-line
25454
80ac191b6d2b *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 24951
diff changeset
3184 conversion (@pxref{Coding System Basics}).
24951
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22843
diff changeset
3185
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3186 These variables affect the way certain characters are displayed on the
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3187 screen. Since they change the number of columns the characters occupy,
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3188 they also affect the indentation functions. These variables also affect
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3189 how the mode line is displayed; if you want to force redisplay of the
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3190 mode line using the new values, call the function
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3191 @code{force-mode-line-update} (@pxref{Mode Line Format}).
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3192
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3193 @defopt ctl-arrow
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3194 @cindex control characters in display
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3195 This buffer-local variable controls how control characters are
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3196 displayed. If it is non-@code{nil}, they are displayed as a caret
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3197 followed by the character: @samp{^A}. If it is @code{nil}, they are
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3198 displayed as a backslash followed by three octal digits: @samp{\001}.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3199 @end defopt
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3200
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3201 @c Following may have overfull hbox.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3202 @defvar default-ctl-arrow
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3203 The value of this variable is the default value for @code{ctl-arrow} in
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3204 buffers that do not override it. @xref{Default Value}.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3205 @end defvar
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3206
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
3207 @defopt indicate-empty-lines
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
3208 @tindex indicate-empty-lines
42905
09cd352a779e (Truncation, Overlay Arrow, Usual Display): Add index entries for fringe
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 42888
diff changeset
3209 @cindex fringes, and empty line indication
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
3210 When this is non-@code{nil}, Emacs displays a special glyph in
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
3211 each empty line at the end of the buffer, on terminals that
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
3212 support it (window systems).
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
3213 @end defopt
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26400
diff changeset
3214
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3215 @defopt tab-width
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3216 The value of this variable is the spacing between tab stops used for
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
3217 displaying tab characters in Emacs buffers. The value is in units of
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
3218 columns, and the default is 8. Note that this feature is completely
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
3219 independent of the user-settable tab stops used by the command
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
3220 @code{tab-to-tab-stop}. @xref{Indent Tabs}.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3221 @end defopt
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3222
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3223 @node Display Tables
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3224 @section Display Tables
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3225
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3226 @cindex display table
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3227 You can use the @dfn{display table} feature to control how all possible
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3228 character codes display on the screen. This is useful for displaying
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3229 European languages that have letters not in the @sc{ascii} character
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3230 set.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3231
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3232 The display table maps each character code into a sequence of
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3233 @dfn{glyphs}, each glyph being a graphic that takes up one character
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3234 position on the screen. You can also define how to display each glyph
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3235 on your terminal, using the @dfn{glyph table}.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3236
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3237 Display tables affect how the mode line is displayed; if you want to
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3238 force redisplay of the mode line using a new display table, call
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3239 @code{force-mode-line-update} (@pxref{Mode Line Format}).
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3240
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3241 @menu
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3242 * Display Table Format:: What a display table consists of.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3243 * Active Display Table:: How Emacs selects a display table to use.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3244 * Glyphs:: How to define a glyph, and what glyphs mean.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3245 @end menu
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3246
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3247 @node Display Table Format
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3248 @subsection Display Table Format
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3249
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
3250 A display table is actually a char-table (@pxref{Char-Tables}) with
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
3251 @code{display-table} as its subtype.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3252
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3253 @defun make-display-table
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3254 This creates and returns a display table. The table initially has
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3255 @code{nil} in all elements.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3256 @end defun
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3257
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3258 The ordinary elements of the display table are indexed by character
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3259 codes; the element at index @var{c} says how to display the character
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3260 code @var{c}. The value should be @code{nil} or a vector of glyph
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3261 values (@pxref{Glyphs}). If an element is @code{nil}, it says to
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3262 display that character according to the usual display conventions
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3263 (@pxref{Usual Display}).
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
3264
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
3265 If you use the display table to change the display of newline
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 10211
diff changeset
3266 characters, the whole buffer will be displayed as one long ``line.''
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3267
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3268 The display table also has six ``extra slots'' which serve special
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3269 purposes. Here is a table of their meanings; @code{nil} in any slot
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3270 means to use the default for that slot, as stated below.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3271
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3272 @table @asis
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3273 @item 0
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3274 The glyph for the end of a truncated screen line (the default for this
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3275 is @samp{$}). @xref{Glyphs}. Newer Emacs versions, on some platforms,
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3276 display arrows to indicate truncation---the display table has no effect
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3277 in these situations.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3278 @item 1
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3279 The glyph for the end of a continued line (the default is @samp{\}).
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3280 Newer Emacs versions, on some platforms, display curved arrows to
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3281 indicate truncation---the display table has no effect in these
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3282 situations.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3283 @item 2
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3284 The glyph for indicating a character displayed as an octal character
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3285 code (the default is @samp{\}).
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3286 @item 3
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3287 The glyph for indicating a control character (the default is @samp{^}).
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3288 @item 4
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3289 A vector of glyphs for indicating the presence of invisible lines (the
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3290 default is @samp{...}). @xref{Selective Display}.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3291 @item 5
8925
b05788fd41f0 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 8096
diff changeset
3292 The glyph used to draw the border between side-by-side windows (the
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3293 default is @samp{|}). @xref{Splitting Windows}. This takes effect only
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3294 when there are no scroll bars; if scroll bars are supported and in use,
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3295 a scroll bar separates the two windows.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3296 @end table
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3297
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3298 For example, here is how to construct a display table that mimics the
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3299 effect of setting @code{ctl-arrow} to a non-@code{nil} value:
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3300
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3301 @example
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3302 (setq disptab (make-display-table))
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3303 (let ((i 0))
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3304 (while (< i 32)
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3305 (or (= i ?\t) (= i ?\n)
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3306 (aset disptab i (vector ?^ (+ i 64))))
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3307 (setq i (1+ i)))
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3308 (aset disptab 127 (vector ?^ ??)))
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3309 @end example
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3310
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
3311 @defun display-table-slot display-table slot
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3312 This function returns the value of the extra slot @var{slot} of
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3313 @var{display-table}. The argument @var{slot} may be a number from 0 to
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3314 5 inclusive, or a slot name (symbol). Valid symbols are
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3315 @code{truncation}, @code{wrap}, @code{escape}, @code{control},
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3316 @code{selective-display}, and @code{vertical-border}.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3317 @end defun
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3318
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
3319 @defun set-display-table-slot display-table slot value
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3320 This function stores @var{value} in the extra slot @var{slot} of
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3321 @var{display-table}. The argument @var{slot} may be a number from 0 to
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3322 5 inclusive, or a slot name (symbol). Valid symbols are
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3323 @code{truncation}, @code{wrap}, @code{escape}, @code{control},
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3324 @code{selective-display}, and @code{vertical-border}.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3325 @end defun
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3326
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3327 @defun describe-display-table display-table
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3328 @tindex describe-display-table
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3329 This function displays a description of the display table
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3330 @var{display-table} in a help buffer.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3331 @end defun
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3332
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3333 @deffn Command describe-current-display-table
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3334 @tindex describe-current-display-table
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3335 This command displays a description of the current display table in a
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3336 help buffer.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3337 @end deffn
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3338
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3339 @node Active Display Table
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3340 @subsection Active Display Table
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3341 @cindex active display table
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3342
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3343 Each window can specify a display table, and so can each buffer. When
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3344 a buffer @var{b} is displayed in window @var{w}, display uses the
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3345 display table for window @var{w} if it has one; otherwise, the display
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3346 table for buffer @var{b} if it has one; otherwise, the standard display
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3347 table if any. The display table chosen is called the @dfn{active}
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3348 display table.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3349
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3350 @defun window-display-table window
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3351 This function returns @var{window}'s display table, or @code{nil}
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3352 if @var{window} does not have an assigned display table.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3353 @end defun
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3354
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3355 @defun set-window-display-table window table
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3356 This function sets the display table of @var{window} to @var{table}.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3357 The argument @var{table} should be either a display table or
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3358 @code{nil}.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3359 @end defun
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3360
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3361 @defvar buffer-display-table
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3362 This variable is automatically buffer-local in all buffers; its value in
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3363 a particular buffer specifies the display table for that buffer. If it
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3364 is @code{nil}, that means the buffer does not have an assigned display
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3365 table.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3366 @end defvar
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3367
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3368 @defvar standard-display-table
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3369 This variable's value is the default display table, used whenever a
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3370 window has no display table and neither does the buffer displayed in
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3371 that window. This variable is @code{nil} by default.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3372 @end defvar
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3373
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3374 If there is no display table to use for a particular window---that is,
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3375 if the window specifies none, its buffer specifies none, and
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3376 @code{standard-display-table} is @code{nil}---then Emacs uses the usual
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3377 display conventions for all character codes in that window. @xref{Usual
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3378 Display}.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3379
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3380 A number of functions for changing the standard display table
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3381 are defined in the library @file{disp-table}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3382
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3383 @node Glyphs
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3384 @subsection Glyphs
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3385
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3386 @cindex glyph
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3387 A @dfn{glyph} is a generalization of a character; it stands for an
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3388 image that takes up a single character position on the screen. Glyphs
47482
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3389 are represented in Lisp as integers, just as characters are. Normally
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3390 Emacs finds glyphs in the display table (@pxref{Display Tables}).
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3391
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3392 A glyph can be @dfn{simple} or it can be defined by the @dfn{glyph
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3393 table}. A simple glyph is just a way of specifying a character and a
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3394 face to output it in. The glyph code for a simple glyph, mod 524288,
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3395 is the character to output, and the glyph code divided by 524288
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3396 specifies the face number (@pxref{Face Functions}) to use while
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3397 outputting it. (524288 is
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3398 @ifnottex
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3399 2**19.)
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3400 @end ifnottex
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3401 @tex
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3402 $2^{19}$.)
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3403 @end tex
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3404 @xref{Faces}.
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3405
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3406 On character terminals, you can set up a @dfn{glyph table} to define
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3407 the meaning of glyph codes. The glyph codes is the value of the
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3408 variable @code{glyph-table}.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3409
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3410 @defvar glyph-table
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3411 The value of this variable is the current glyph table. It should be a
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48948
diff changeset
3412 vector; the @var{g}th element defines glyph code @var{g}.
47482
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3413
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3414 If a glyph code is greater than or equal to the length of the glyph
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3415 table, that code is automatically simple. If the value of
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3416 @code{glyph-table} is @code{nil} instead of a vector, then all glyphs
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3417 are simple. The glyph table is not used on graphical displays, only
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3418 on character terminals. On graphical displays, all glyphs are simple.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3419 @end defvar
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3420
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3421 Here are the possible types of elements in the glyph table:
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3422
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
3423 @table @asis
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
3424 @item @var{string}
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3425 Send the characters in @var{string} to the terminal to output
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3426 this glyph. This alternative is available on character terminals,
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3427 but not under a window system.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3428
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
3429 @item @var{integer}
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3430 Define this glyph code as an alias for glyph code @var{integer}. You
47482
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3431 can use an alias to specify a face code for the glyph and use a small
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3432 number as its code.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3433
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3434 @item @code{nil}
47482
aabdbec10b60 Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 46721
diff changeset
3435 This glyph is simple.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3436 @end table
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3437
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3438 @defun create-glyph string
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3439 @tindex create-glyph
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3440 This function returns a newly-allocated glyph code which is set up to
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3441 display by sending @var{string} to the terminal.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3442 @end defun
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3443
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3444 @node Beeping
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3445 @section Beeping
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3446 @cindex beeping
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3447 @cindex bell
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3448
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3449 This section describes how to make Emacs ring the bell (or blink the
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3450 screen) to attract the user's attention. Be conservative about how
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3451 often you do this; frequent bells can become irritating. Also be
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3452 careful not to use just beeping when signaling an error is more
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3453 appropriate. (@xref{Errors}.)
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3454
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
3455 @defun ding &optional do-not-terminate
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3456 @cindex keyboard macro termination
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3457 This function beeps, or flashes the screen (see @code{visible-bell} below).
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3458 It also terminates any keyboard macro currently executing unless
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
3459 @var{do-not-terminate} is non-@code{nil}.
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3460 @end defun
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3461
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
3462 @defun beep &optional do-not-terminate
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3463 This is a synonym for @code{ding}.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3464 @end defun
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3465
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
3466 @defopt visible-bell
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3467 This variable determines whether Emacs should flash the screen to
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3468 represent a bell. Non-@code{nil} means yes, @code{nil} means no. This
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3469 is effective on a window system, and on a character-only terminal
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3470 provided the terminal's Termcap entry defines the visible bell
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3471 capability (@samp{vb}).
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
3472 @end defopt
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3473
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
3474 @defvar ring-bell-function
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3475 If this is non-@code{nil}, it specifies how Emacs should ``ring the
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
3476 bell.'' Its value should be a function of no arguments. If this is
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
3477 non-@code{nil}, it takes precedence over the @code{visible-bell}
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
3478 variable.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3479 @end defvar
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3480
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3481 @node Window Systems
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3482 @section Window Systems
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3483
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3484 Emacs works with several window systems, most notably the X Window
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3485 System. Both Emacs and X use the term ``window'', but use it
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3486 differently. An Emacs frame is a single window as far as X is
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3487 concerned; the individual Emacs windows are not known to X at all.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3488
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3489 @defvar window-system
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
3490 This variable tells Lisp programs what window system Emacs is running
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
3491 under. The possible values are
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
3492
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
3493 @table @code
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
3494 @item x
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3495 @cindex X Window System
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
3496 Emacs is displaying using X.
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
3497 @item pc
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3498 Emacs is displaying using MS-DOS.
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
3499 @item w32
27332
5cfe77eaff45 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27331
diff changeset
3500 Emacs is displaying using Windows.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3501 @item mac
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3502 Emacs is displaying using a Macintosh.
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
3503 @item nil
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
3504 Emacs is using a character-based terminal.
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
3505 @end table
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3506 @end defvar
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3507
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3508 @defvar window-setup-hook
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3509 This variable is a normal hook which Emacs runs after handling the
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18234
diff changeset
3510 initialization files. Emacs runs this hook after it has completed
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25809
diff changeset
3511 loading your init file, the default initialization file (if
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
3512 any), and the terminal-specific Lisp code, and running the hook
6598
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3513 @code{term-setup-hook}.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3514
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3515 This hook is used for internal purposes: setting up communication with
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3516 the window system, and creating the initial window. Users should not
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3517 interfere with it.
db2685239be9 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3518 @end defvar