annotate src/alloca.c @ 8565:2a2208286955

(split-window-horizontally): If size is negative, measure from the right.
author Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
date Thu, 18 Aug 1994 21:03:37 +0000
parents 5be3332469e7
children 35bc87e0b41c
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1 /* alloca.c -- allocate automatically reclaimed memory
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2 (Mostly) portable public-domain implementation -- D A Gwyn
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3
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4 This implementation of the PWB library alloca function,
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5 which is used to allocate space off the run-time stack so
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6 that it is automatically reclaimed upon procedure exit,
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7 was inspired by discussions with J. Q. Johnson of Cornell.
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8 J.Otto Tennant <jot@cray.com> contributed the Cray support.
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9
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10 There are some preprocessor constants that can
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11 be defined when compiling for your specific system, for
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12 improved efficiency; however, the defaults should be okay.
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13
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14 The general concept of this implementation is to keep
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15 track of all alloca-allocated blocks, and reclaim any
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16 that are found to be deeper in the stack than the current
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17 invocation. This heuristic does not reclaim storage as
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18 soon as it becomes invalid, but it will do so eventually.
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19
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20 As a special case, alloca(0) reclaims storage without
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21 allocating any. It is a good idea to use alloca(0) in
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22 your main control loop, etc. to force garbage collection. */
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23
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24 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
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25 #if defined (emacs) || defined (CONFIG_BROKETS)
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26 #include <config.h>
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27 #else
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28 #include "config.h"
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29 #endif
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30 #endif
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31
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32 #ifdef emacs
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33 #include "blockinput.h"
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34 #endif
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36 /* If compiling with GCC 2, this file's not needed. */
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37 #if !defined (__GNUC__) || __GNUC__ < 2
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39 /* If someone has defined alloca as a macro,
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40 there must be some other way alloca is supposed to work. */
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41 #ifndef alloca
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42
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43 #ifdef emacs
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44 #ifdef static
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45 /* actually, only want this if static is defined as ""
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46 -- this is for usg, in which emacs must undefine static
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47 in order to make unexec workable
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48 */
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49 #ifndef STACK_DIRECTION
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50 you
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51 lose
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52 -- must know STACK_DIRECTION at compile-time
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53 #endif /* STACK_DIRECTION undefined */
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54 #endif /* static */
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55 #endif /* emacs */
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56
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57 /* If your stack is a linked list of frames, you have to
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58 provide an "address metric" ADDRESS_FUNCTION macro. */
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59
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60 #if defined (CRAY) && defined (CRAY_STACKSEG_END)
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61 long i00afunc ();
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62 #define ADDRESS_FUNCTION(arg) (char *) i00afunc (&(arg))
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63 #else
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64 #define ADDRESS_FUNCTION(arg) &(arg)
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65 #endif
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66
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67 #if __STDC__
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68 typedef void *pointer;
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69 #else
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70 typedef char *pointer;
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71 #endif
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72
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73 #define NULL 0
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74
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75 /* Different portions of Emacs need to call different versions of
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76 malloc. The Emacs executable needs alloca to call xmalloc, because
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77 ordinary malloc isn't protected from input signals. On the other
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78 hand, the utilities in lib-src need alloca to call malloc; some of
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79 them are very simple, and don't have an xmalloc routine.
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81 Non-Emacs programs expect this to call use xmalloc.
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82
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83 Callers below should use malloc. */
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84
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85 #ifndef emacs
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86 #define malloc xmalloc
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87 #endif
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88 extern pointer malloc ();
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89
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90 /* Define STACK_DIRECTION if you know the direction of stack
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91 growth for your system; otherwise it will be automatically
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92 deduced at run-time.
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93
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94 STACK_DIRECTION > 0 => grows toward higher addresses
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95 STACK_DIRECTION < 0 => grows toward lower addresses
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96 STACK_DIRECTION = 0 => direction of growth unknown */
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97
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98 #ifndef STACK_DIRECTION
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99 #define STACK_DIRECTION 0 /* Direction unknown. */
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100 #endif
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101
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102 #if STACK_DIRECTION != 0
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103
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104 #define STACK_DIR STACK_DIRECTION /* Known at compile-time. */
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105
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106 #else /* STACK_DIRECTION == 0; need run-time code. */
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107
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108 static int stack_dir; /* 1 or -1 once known. */
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109 #define STACK_DIR stack_dir
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110
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111 static void
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112 find_stack_direction ()
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113 {
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114 static char *addr = NULL; /* Address of first `dummy', once known. */
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115 auto char dummy; /* To get stack address. */
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116
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117 if (addr == NULL)
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118 { /* Initial entry. */
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119 addr = ADDRESS_FUNCTION (dummy);
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120
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121 find_stack_direction (); /* Recurse once. */
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122 }
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123 else
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124 {
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125 /* Second entry. */
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126 if (ADDRESS_FUNCTION (dummy) > addr)
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127 stack_dir = 1; /* Stack grew upward. */
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128 else
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129 stack_dir = -1; /* Stack grew downward. */
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130 }
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131 }
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132
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133 #endif /* STACK_DIRECTION == 0 */
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134
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135 /* An "alloca header" is used to:
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136 (a) chain together all alloca'ed blocks;
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137 (b) keep track of stack depth.
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138
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139 It is very important that sizeof(header) agree with malloc
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140 alignment chunk size. The following default should work okay. */
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141
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142 #ifndef ALIGN_SIZE
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143 #define ALIGN_SIZE sizeof(double)
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144 #endif
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145
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146 typedef union hdr
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147 {
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148 char align[ALIGN_SIZE]; /* To force sizeof(header). */
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149 struct
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150 {
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151 union hdr *next; /* For chaining headers. */
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152 char *deep; /* For stack depth measure. */
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153 } h;
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154 } header;
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155
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156 static header *last_alloca_header = NULL; /* -> last alloca header. */
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157
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158 /* Return a pointer to at least SIZE bytes of storage,
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159 which will be automatically reclaimed upon exit from
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160 the procedure that called alloca. Originally, this space
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161 was supposed to be taken from the current stack frame of the
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162 caller, but that method cannot be made to work for some
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163 implementations of C, for example under Gould's UTX/32. */
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164
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165 pointer
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166 alloca (size)
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167 unsigned size;
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168 {
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169 auto char probe; /* Probes stack depth: */
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170 register char *depth = ADDRESS_FUNCTION (probe);
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171
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172 #if STACK_DIRECTION == 0
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173 if (STACK_DIR == 0) /* Unknown growth direction. */
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174 find_stack_direction ();
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175 #endif
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176
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177 /* Reclaim garbage, defined as all alloca'd storage that
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178 was allocated from deeper in the stack than currently. */
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179
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180 {
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181 register header *hp; /* Traverses linked list. */
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182
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183 #ifdef emacs
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184 BLOCK_INPUT;
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185 #endif
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186
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187 for (hp = last_alloca_header; hp != NULL;)
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188 if ((STACK_DIR > 0 && hp->h.deep > depth)
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189 || (STACK_DIR < 0 && hp->h.deep < depth))
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190 {
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191 register header *np = hp->h.next;
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192
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193 free ((pointer) hp); /* Collect garbage. */
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194
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195 hp = np; /* -> next header. */
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196 }
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197 else
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198 break; /* Rest are not deeper. */
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199
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200 last_alloca_header = hp; /* -> last valid storage. */
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201
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202 #ifdef emacs
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203 UNBLOCK_INPUT;
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204 #endif
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205 }
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206
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207 if (size == 0)
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208 return NULL; /* No allocation required. */
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209
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210 /* Allocate combined header + user data storage. */
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211
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212 {
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213 register pointer new = malloc (sizeof (header) + size);
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214 /* Address of header. */
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215
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216 ((header *) new)->h.next = last_alloca_header;
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217 ((header *) new)->h.deep = depth;
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218
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219 last_alloca_header = (header *) new;
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220
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221 /* User storage begins just after header. */
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222
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223 return (pointer) ((char *) new + sizeof (header));
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224 }
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225 }
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226
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227 #if defined (CRAY) && defined (CRAY_STACKSEG_END)
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228
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229 #ifdef DEBUG_I00AFUNC
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230 #include <stdio.h>
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231 #endif
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232
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233 #ifndef CRAY_STACK
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234 #define CRAY_STACK
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235 #ifndef CRAY2
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236 /* Stack structures for CRAY-1, CRAY X-MP, and CRAY Y-MP */
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237 struct stack_control_header
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238 {
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239 long shgrow:32; /* Number of times stack has grown. */
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240 long shaseg:32; /* Size of increments to stack. */
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241 long shhwm:32; /* High water mark of stack. */
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242 long shsize:32; /* Current size of stack (all segments). */
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243 };
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244
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245 /* The stack segment linkage control information occurs at
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246 the high-address end of a stack segment. (The stack
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247 grows from low addresses to high addresses.) The initial
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248 part of the stack segment linkage control information is
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249 0200 (octal) words. This provides for register storage
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250 for the routine which overflows the stack. */
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251
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252 struct stack_segment_linkage
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253 {
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254 long ss[0200]; /* 0200 overflow words. */
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255 long sssize:32; /* Number of words in this segment. */
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256 long ssbase:32; /* Offset to stack base. */
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257 long:32;
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258 long sspseg:32; /* Offset to linkage control of previous
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259 segment of stack. */
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260 long:32;
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261 long sstcpt:32; /* Pointer to task common address block. */
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262 long sscsnm; /* Private control structure number for
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263 microtasking. */
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264 long ssusr1; /* Reserved for user. */
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265 long ssusr2; /* Reserved for user. */
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266 long sstpid; /* Process ID for pid based multi-tasking. */
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267 long ssgvup; /* Pointer to multitasking thread giveup. */
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268 long sscray[7]; /* Reserved for Cray Research. */
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269 long ssa0;
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270 long ssa1;
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271 long ssa2;
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272 long ssa3;
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273 long ssa4;
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274 long ssa5;
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275 long ssa6;
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276 long ssa7;
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277 long sss0;
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278 long sss1;
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279 long sss2;
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280 long sss3;
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281 long sss4;
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282 long sss5;
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283 long sss6;
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284 long sss7;
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285 };
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286
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287 #else /* CRAY2 */
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288 /* The following structure defines the vector of words
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289 returned by the STKSTAT library routine. */
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290 struct stk_stat
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291 {
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292 long now; /* Current total stack size. */
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293 long maxc; /* Amount of contiguous space which would
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294 be required to satisfy the maximum
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295 stack demand to date. */
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296 long high_water; /* Stack high-water mark. */
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297 long overflows; /* Number of stack overflow ($STKOFEN) calls. */
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298 long hits; /* Number of internal buffer hits. */
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299 long extends; /* Number of block extensions. */
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300 long stko_mallocs; /* Block allocations by $STKOFEN. */
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301 long underflows; /* Number of stack underflow calls ($STKRETN). */
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302 long stko_free; /* Number of deallocations by $STKRETN. */
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303 long stkm_free; /* Number of deallocations by $STKMRET. */
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304 long segments; /* Current number of stack segments. */
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305 long maxs; /* Maximum number of stack segments so far. */
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306 long pad_size; /* Stack pad size. */
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307 long current_address; /* Current stack segment address. */
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308 long current_size; /* Current stack segment size. This
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309 number is actually corrupted by STKSTAT to
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310 include the fifteen word trailer area. */
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311 long initial_address; /* Address of initial segment. */
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312 long initial_size; /* Size of initial segment. */
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313 };
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314
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315 /* The following structure describes the data structure which trails
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316 any stack segment. I think that the description in 'asdef' is
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317 out of date. I only describe the parts that I am sure about. */
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318
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319 struct stk_trailer
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320 {
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321 long this_address; /* Address of this block. */
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322 long this_size; /* Size of this block (does not include
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323 this trailer). */
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324 long unknown2;
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325 long unknown3;
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326 long link; /* Address of trailer block of previous
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327 segment. */
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328 long unknown5;
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329 long unknown6;
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330 long unknown7;
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331 long unknown8;
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332 long unknown9;
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333 long unknown10;
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334 long unknown11;
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335 long unknown12;
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336 long unknown13;
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337 long unknown14;
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338 };
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339
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340 #endif /* CRAY2 */
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341 #endif /* not CRAY_STACK */
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342
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343 #ifdef CRAY2
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344 /* Determine a "stack measure" for an arbitrary ADDRESS.
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345 I doubt that "lint" will like this much. */
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346
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347 static long
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348 i00afunc (long *address)
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349 {
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350 struct stk_stat status;
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351 struct stk_trailer *trailer;
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352 long *block, size;
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353 long result = 0;
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354
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355 /* We want to iterate through all of the segments. The first
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356 step is to get the stack status structure. We could do this
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357 more quickly and more directly, perhaps, by referencing the
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358 $LM00 common block, but I know that this works. */
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359
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360 STKSTAT (&status);
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361
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362 /* Set up the iteration. */
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363
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364 trailer = (struct stk_trailer *) (status.current_address
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365 + status.current_size
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366 - 15);
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367
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368 /* There must be at least one stack segment. Therefore it is
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369 a fatal error if "trailer" is null. */
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370
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371 if (trailer == 0)
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372 abort ();
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373
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374 /* Discard segments that do not contain our argument address. */
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375
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376 while (trailer != 0)
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377 {
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378 block = (long *) trailer->this_address;
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379 size = trailer->this_size;
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380 if (block == 0 || size == 0)
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381 abort ();
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382 trailer = (struct stk_trailer *) trailer->link;
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383 if ((block <= address) && (address < (block + size)))
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384 break;
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385 }
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386
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387 /* Set the result to the offset in this segment and add the sizes
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388 of all predecessor segments. */
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389
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390 result = address - block;
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391
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392 if (trailer == 0)
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393 {
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394 return result;
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395 }
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396
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397 do
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398 {
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399 if (trailer->this_size <= 0)
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400 abort ();
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401 result += trailer->this_size;
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402 trailer = (struct stk_trailer *) trailer->link;
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403 }
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404 while (trailer != 0);
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405
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406 /* We are done. Note that if you present a bogus address (one
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407 not in any segment), you will get a different number back, formed
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408 from subtracting the address of the first block. This is probably
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409 not what you want. */
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410
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411 return (result);
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412 }
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413
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414 #else /* not CRAY2 */
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415 /* Stack address function for a CRAY-1, CRAY X-MP, or CRAY Y-MP.
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416 Determine the number of the cell within the stack,
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417 given the address of the cell. The purpose of this
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418 routine is to linearize, in some sense, stack addresses
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419 for alloca. */
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420
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421 static long
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422 i00afunc (long address)
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423 {
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424 long stkl = 0;
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425
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426 long size, pseg, this_segment, stack;
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427 long result = 0;
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428
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429 struct stack_segment_linkage *ssptr;
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430
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431 /* Register B67 contains the address of the end of the
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432 current stack segment. If you (as a subprogram) store
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433 your registers on the stack and find that you are past
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434 the contents of B67, you have overflowed the segment.
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435
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436 B67 also points to the stack segment linkage control
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437 area, which is what we are really interested in. */
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438
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439 stkl = CRAY_STACKSEG_END ();
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440 ssptr = (struct stack_segment_linkage *) stkl;
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441
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442 /* If one subtracts 'size' from the end of the segment,
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443 one has the address of the first word of the segment.
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444
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445 If this is not the first segment, 'pseg' will be
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446 nonzero. */
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447
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448 pseg = ssptr->sspseg;
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449 size = ssptr->sssize;
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450
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451 this_segment = stkl - size;
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452
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453 /* It is possible that calling this routine itself caused
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454 a stack overflow. Discard stack segments which do not
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455 contain the target address. */
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456
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457 while (!(this_segment <= address && address <= stkl))
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458 {
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459 #ifdef DEBUG_I00AFUNC
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460 fprintf (stderr, "%011o %011o %011o\n", this_segment, address, stkl);
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461 #endif
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462 if (pseg == 0)
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463 break;
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464 stkl = stkl - pseg;
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465 ssptr = (struct stack_segment_linkage *) stkl;
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466 size = ssptr->sssize;
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467 pseg = ssptr->sspseg;
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468 this_segment = stkl - size;
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469 }
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470
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471 result = address - this_segment;
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472
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473 /* If you subtract pseg from the current end of the stack,
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474 you get the address of the previous stack segment's end.
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475 This seems a little convoluted to me, but I'll bet you save
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476 a cycle somewhere. */
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477
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478 while (pseg != 0)
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479 {
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480 #ifdef DEBUG_I00AFUNC
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481 fprintf (stderr, "%011o %011o\n", pseg, size);
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482 #endif
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483 stkl = stkl - pseg;
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484 ssptr = (struct stack_segment_linkage *) stkl;
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485 size = ssptr->sssize;
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486 pseg = ssptr->sspseg;
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487 result += size;
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488 }
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489 return (result);
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490 }
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491
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492 #endif /* not CRAY2 */
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493 #endif /* CRAY */
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494
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495 #endif /* no alloca */
4557
bc281eb57c68 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 4541
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496 #endif /* not GCC version 2 */