Mercurial > emacs
annotate man/faq.texi @ 68711:2f5e57d2fe6c
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author | Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu> |
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date | Wed, 08 Feb 2006 02:11:11 +0000 |
parents | e0aafc27ed28 |
children | 06cc8b33cde0 |
rev | line source |
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Fix some URLs, the Copyright years, and the Emacs version.
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1 \input texinfo @c -*- coding: latin-1; mode: texinfo; -*- |
25474 | 2 @c %**start of header |
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3 @setfilename ../info/efaq |
25474 | 4 @settitle GNU Emacs FAQ |
5 @c %**end of header | |
6 | |
7 @setchapternewpage odd | |
8 | |
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9 @c This is used in many places |
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10 @set VER 22.1 |
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11 |
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12 @c This file is maintained by Romain Francoise <rfrancoise@gnu.org>. |
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13 @c Feel free to install changes without prior permission (but I'd |
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14 @c appreciate a notice if you do). |
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15 |
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16 @copying |
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17 Copyright (C) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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18 Copyright 1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000 Reuven M. Lerner@* |
28127 | 19 Copyright 1992,1993 Steven Byrnes@* |
20 Copyright 1990,1991,1992 Joseph Brian Wells@* | |
25474 | 21 |
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22 @quotation |
25474 | 23 This list of frequently asked questions about GNU Emacs with answers |
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24 (``FAQ'') may be translated into other languages, transformed into other |
25474 | 25 formats (e.g. Texinfo, Info, WWW, WAIS), and updated with new information. |
26 | |
27 The same conditions apply to any derivative of the FAQ as apply to the FAQ | |
28 itself. Every copy of the FAQ must include this notice or an approved | |
29 translation, information on who is currently maintaining the FAQ and how to | |
30 contact them (including their e-mail address), and information on where the | |
31 latest version of the FAQ is archived (including FTP information). | |
32 | |
33 The FAQ may be copied and redistributed under these conditions, except that | |
34 the FAQ may not be embedded in a larger literary work unless that work | |
35 itself allows free copying and redistribution. | |
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36 |
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37 [This version has been heavily edited since it was included in the Emacs |
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38 distribution.] |
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39 @end quotation |
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40 @end copying |
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41 |
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42 @dircategory Emacs |
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43 @direntry |
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44 * Emacs FAQ: (efaq). Frequently Asked Questions about Emacs. |
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45 @end direntry |
25474 | 46 |
47 @c The @titlepage stuff only appears in the printed version | |
48 @titlepage | |
49 @sp 10 | |
50 @center @titlefont{GNU Emacs FAQ} | |
51 | |
52 @c The following two commands start the copyright page. | |
53 @page | |
54 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll | |
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55 @insertcopying |
25474 | 56 @end titlepage |
57 | |
58 @node Top, FAQ notation, (dir), (dir) | |
59 | |
60 This is the GNU Emacs FAQ, last updated on @today{}. | |
61 | |
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62 The FAQ is maintained as a Texinfo document, allowing us to create HTML, |
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63 Info, and TeX documents from a single source file, and is slowly but |
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64 surely being improved. Please bear with us as we improve on this |
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65 format. This FAQ is maintained as a part of GNU Emacs. If you find |
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66 any errors, or have any suggestions, please use @kbd{M-x report-emacs-bug} |
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67 to report them. |
25474 | 68 |
69 @menu | |
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70 * FAQ notation:: |
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71 * General questions:: |
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72 * Getting help:: |
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73 * Status of Emacs:: |
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74 * Common requests:: |
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75 * Bugs and problems:: |
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76 * Compiling and installing Emacs:: |
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77 * Finding Emacs and related packages:: |
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78 * Major packages and programs:: |
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79 * Key bindings:: |
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80 * Alternate character sets:: |
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81 * Mail and news:: |
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82 * Concept index:: |
25474 | 83 @end menu |
84 | |
85 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ | |
86 @node FAQ notation, General questions, Top, Top | |
87 @chapter FAQ notation | |
88 @cindex FAQ notation | |
89 | |
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90 This chapter describes notation used in the GNU Emacs FAQ, as well as in |
25474 | 91 the Emacs documentation. Consult this section if this is the first time |
92 you are reading the FAQ, or if you are confused by notation or terms | |
93 used in the FAQ. | |
94 | |
95 @menu | |
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96 * Basic keys:: |
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97 * Extended commands:: |
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98 * On-line manual:: |
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99 * File-name conventions:: |
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100 * Common acronyms:: |
25474 | 101 @end menu |
102 | |
103 @node Basic keys, Extended commands, FAQ notation, FAQ notation | |
40705 | 104 @section What do these mean: @kbd{C-h}, @kbd{C-M-a}, @key{RET}, @kbd{@key{ESC} a}, etc.? |
25474 | 105 @cindex Basic keys |
106 @cindex Control key, notation for | |
107 @cindex @key{Meta} key, notation for | |
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108 @cindex Control-Meta characters, notation for |
25474 | 109 @cindex @kbd{C-h}, definition of |
40705 | 110 @cindex @kbd{C-M-h}, definition of |
25474 | 111 @cindex @key{DEL}, definition of |
112 @cindex @key{ESC}, definition of | |
113 @cindex @key{LFD}, definition of | |
114 @cindex @key{RET}, definition of | |
115 @cindex @key{SPC}, definition of | |
116 @cindex @key{TAB}, definition of | |
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117 @cindex Notation for keys |
25474 | 118 |
119 @itemize @bullet | |
120 | |
121 @item | |
122 @kbd{C-x}: press the @key{x} key while holding down the @key{Control} key | |
123 | |
124 @item | |
125 @kbd{M-x}: press the @key{x} key while holding down the @key{Meta} key | |
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126 (if your computer doesn't have a @key{Meta} key, @pxref{No Meta key}) |
25474 | 127 |
128 @item | |
129 @kbd{M-C-x}: press the @key{x} key while holding down both @key{Control} | |
130 and @key{Meta} | |
131 | |
132 @item | |
133 @kbd{C-M-x}: a synonym for the above | |
134 | |
135 @item | |
136 @key{LFD}: Linefeed or Newline; same as @kbd{C-j} | |
137 | |
138 @item | |
139 @key{RET}: @key{Return}, sometimes marked @key{Enter}; same as @kbd{C-m} | |
140 | |
141 @item | |
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142 @key{DEL}: @key{Delete}, usually @strong{not} the same as |
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143 @key{Backspace}; same as @kbd{C-?} (see @ref{Backspace invokes help}, if |
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144 deleting invokes Emacs help) |
25474 | 145 |
146 @item | |
147 @key{ESC}: Escape; same as @kbd{C-[} | |
148 | |
149 @item | |
150 @key{TAB}: Tab; same as @kbd{C-i} | |
151 | |
152 @item | |
153 @key{SPC}: Space bar | |
154 | |
155 @end itemize | |
156 | |
157 Key sequences longer than one key (and some single-key sequences) are | |
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158 written inside quotes or on lines by themselves, like this: |
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159 |
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160 @display |
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161 @kbd{M-x frobnicate-while-foo RET} |
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162 @end display |
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163 |
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164 @noindent |
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165 Any real spaces in such a key sequence should be ignored; only @key{SPC} |
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166 really means press the space key. |
25474 | 167 |
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168 The @acronym{ASCII} code sent by @kbd{C-x} (except for @kbd{C-?}) is the value |
25474 | 169 that would be sent by pressing just @key{x} minus 96 (or 64 for |
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170 upper-case @key{X}) and will be from 0 to 31. On Unix and GNU/Linux |
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171 terminals, the @acronym{ASCII} code sent by @kbd{M-x} is the sum of 128 and the |
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172 @acronym{ASCII} code that would be sent by pressing just @key{x}. Essentially, |
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173 @key{Control} turns off bits 5 and 6 and @key{Meta} turns on bit |
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174 7@footnote{ |
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175 DOS and Windows terminals don't set bit 7 when the @key{Meta} key is |
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176 pressed.}. |
25474 | 177 |
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178 @kbd{C-?} (aka @key{DEL}) is @acronym{ASCII} code 127. It is a misnomer to call |
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179 @kbd{C-?} a ``control'' key, since 127 has both bits 5 and 6 turned ON. |
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180 Also, on very few keyboards does @kbd{C-?} generate @acronym{ASCII} code 127. |
25474 | 181 |
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182 @inforef{Text Characters, Text Characters, emacs}, and @inforef{Keys, |
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183 Keys, emacs}, for more information. (@xref{On-line manual}, for more |
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184 information about Info.) |
25474 | 185 |
186 @node Extended commands, On-line manual, Basic keys, FAQ notation | |
187 @section What does @file{M-x @var{command}} mean? | |
188 @cindex Extended commands | |
189 @cindex Commands, extended | |
190 @cindex M-x, meaning of | |
191 | |
192 @kbd{M-x @var{command}} means type @kbd{M-x}, then type the name of the | |
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193 command, then type @key{RET}. (@xref{Basic keys}, if you're not sure |
25474 | 194 what @kbd{M-x} and @key{RET} mean.) |
195 | |
196 @kbd{M-x} (by default) invokes the command | |
197 @code{execute-extended-command}. This command allows you to run any | |
198 Emacs command if you can remember the command's name. If you can't | |
199 remember the command's name, you can type @key{TAB} and @key{SPC} for | |
200 completion, @key{?} for a list of possibilities, and @kbd{M-p} and | |
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201 @kbd{M-n} (or up-arrow and down-arrow on terminals that have these |
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202 editing keys) to see previous commands entered. An Emacs @dfn{command} |
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203 is an @dfn{interactive} Emacs function. |
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204 |
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205 @cindex @key{Do} key |
25474 | 206 Your system administrator may have bound other key sequences to invoke |
207 @code{execute-extended-command}. A function key labeled @kbd{Do} is a | |
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208 good candidate for this, on keyboards that have such a key. |
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209 |
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210 If you need to run non-interactive Emacs functions, see @ref{Evaluating |
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211 Emacs Lisp code}. |
25474 | 212 |
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213 @node On-line manual, File-name conventions, Extended commands, FAQ notation |
25474 | 214 @section How do I read topic XXX in the on-line manual? |
215 @cindex On-line manual, reading topics in | |
216 @cindex Reading topics in the on-line manual | |
217 @cindex Finding topics in the on-line manual | |
218 @cindex Info, finding topics in | |
219 | |
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220 When we refer you to some @var{topic} in the on-line manual, you can |
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221 read this manual node inside Emacs (assuming nothing is broken) by |
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222 typing @kbd{C-h i m emacs @key{RET} m @var{topic} @key{RET}}. |
25474 | 223 |
224 This invokes Info, the GNU hypertext documentation browser. If you don't | |
225 already know how to use Info, type @key{?} from within Info. | |
226 | |
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227 If we refer to @var{topic}:@var{subtopic}, type @kbd{C-h i m emacs |
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228 @key{RET} m @var{topic} @key{RET} m @var{subtopic} @key{RET}}. |
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229 |
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230 If these commands don't work as expected, your system administrator may |
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231 not have installed the Info files, or may have installed them |
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232 improperly. In this case you should complain. |
25474 | 233 |
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234 @xref{Getting a printed manual}, if you would like a paper copy of the |
25474 | 235 Emacs manual. |
236 | |
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237 @node File-name conventions, Common acronyms, On-line manual, FAQ notation |
25474 | 238 @section What are @file{etc/SERVICE}, @file{src/config.h}, and @file{lisp/default.el}? |
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239 @cindex File-name conventions |
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240 @cindex Conventions for file names |
25474 | 241 @cindex Directories and files that come with Emacs |
242 | |
243 These are files that come with Emacs. The Emacs distribution is divided | |
244 into subdirectories; the important ones are @file{etc}, @file{lisp}, and | |
245 @file{src}. | |
246 | |
247 If you use Emacs, but don't know where it is kept on your system, start | |
248 Emacs, then type @kbd{C-h v data-directory @key{RET}}. The directory | |
249 name displayed by this will be the full pathname of the installed | |
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250 @file{etc} directory. (This full path is recorded in the Emacs variable |
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251 @code{data-directory}, and @kbd{C-h v} displays the value and the |
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252 documentation of a variable.) |
25474 | 253 |
254 The location of your Info directory (i.e., where on-line documentation | |
255 is stored) is kept in the variable @code{Info-default-directory-list}. Use | |
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256 @kbd{C-h v Info-default-directory-list @key{RET}} to see the value of |
25474 | 257 this variable, which will be a list of directory names. The last |
258 directory in that list is probably where most Info files are stored. By | |
259 default, Info documentation is placed in @file{/usr/local/info}. | |
260 | |
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261 Some of these files are available individually via FTP or e-mail; see |
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262 @ref{Informational files for Emacs}. They all are available in the |
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263 source distribution. Many of the files in the @file{etc} directory are |
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264 also available via the Emacs @samp{Help} menu, or by typing @kbd{C-h ?} |
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265 (@kbd{M-x help-for-help}). |
25474 | 266 |
267 Your system administrator may have removed the @file{src} directory and | |
268 many files from the @file{etc} directory. | |
269 | |
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270 @node Common acronyms, , File-name conventions, FAQ notation |
25474 | 271 @section What are FSF, LPF, OSF, GNU, RMS, FTP, and GPL? |
272 @cindex FSF, definition of | |
273 @cindex LPF, definition of | |
274 @cindex OSF, definition of | |
275 @cindex GNU, definition of | |
276 @cindex RMS, definition of | |
277 @cindex Stallman, Richard, acronym for | |
278 @cindex Richard Stallman, acronym for | |
279 @cindex FTP, definition of | |
280 @cindex GPL, definition of | |
281 @cindex Acronyms, definitions for | |
282 @cindex Common acronyms, definitions for | |
283 | |
284 @table @asis | |
285 | |
286 @item FSF | |
287 Free Software Foundation | |
288 | |
289 @item LPF | |
290 League for Programming Freedom | |
291 | |
292 @item OSF | |
293 Open Software Foundation | |
294 | |
295 @item GNU | |
296 GNU's Not Unix | |
297 | |
298 @item RMS | |
299 Richard Matthew Stallman | |
300 | |
301 @item FTP | |
302 File Transfer Protocol | |
303 | |
304 @item GPL | |
305 GNU General Public License | |
306 | |
307 @end table | |
308 | |
309 Avoid confusing the FSF, the LPF, and the OSF. The LPF opposes | |
310 look-and-feel copyrights and software patents. The FSF aims to make | |
311 high quality free software available for everyone. The OSF is a | |
312 consortium of computer vendors which develops commercial software for | |
313 Unix systems. | |
314 | |
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315 The word ``free'' in the title of the Free Software Foundation refers to |
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316 ``freedom,'' not ``zero dollars.'' Anyone can charge any price for |
25474 | 317 GPL-covered software that they want to. However, in practice, the |
318 freedom enforced by the GPL leads to low prices, because you can always | |
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319 get the software for less money from someone else, since everyone has |
25474 | 320 the right to resell or give away GPL-covered software. |
321 | |
322 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ | |
323 @node General questions, Getting help, FAQ notation, Top | |
324 @chapter General questions | |
325 @cindex General questions | |
326 | |
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327 This chapter contains general questions having to do with Emacs, the |
25474 | 328 Free Software Foundation, and related organizations. |
329 | |
330 @menu | |
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331 * The LPF:: |
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332 * Real meaning of copyleft:: |
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333 * Guidelines for newsgroup postings:: |
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334 * Newsgroup archives:: |
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335 * Reporting bugs:: |
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336 * Unsubscribing from Emacs lists:: |
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337 * Contacting the FSF:: |
25474 | 338 @end menu |
339 | |
340 @node The LPF, Real meaning of copyleft, General questions, General questions | |
341 @section What is the LPF? | |
342 @cindex LPF, description of | |
343 @cindex League for Programming Freedom | |
344 @cindex Software patents, opposition to | |
345 @cindex Patents for software, opposition to | |
346 | |
347 The LPF opposes the expanding danger of software patents and | |
348 look-and-feel copyrights. To get more information, feel free to contact | |
349 the LPF via e-mail or otherwise. You may also contact | |
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350 @email{jbw@@cs.bu.edu, Joe Wells}; he will be happy to talk to you |
25474 | 351 about the LPF. |
352 | |
353 You can find more information about the LPF in the file @file{etc/LPF}. | |
354 More papers describing the LPF's views are available on the Internet and | |
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355 also from @uref{http://lpf.ai.mit.edu/, the LPF home page}. |
25474 | 356 |
357 @node Real meaning of copyleft, Guidelines for newsgroup postings, The LPF, General questions | |
358 @section What is the real legal meaning of the GNU copyleft? | |
359 @cindex Copyleft, real meaning of | |
360 @cindex GPL, real meaning of | |
361 @cindex General Public License, real meaning of | |
362 @cindex Discussion of the GPL | |
363 | |
364 The real legal meaning of the GNU General Public License (copyleft) will | |
365 only be known if and when a judge rules on its validity and scope. | |
366 There has never been a copyright infringement case involving the GPL to | |
367 set any precedents. Please take any discussion regarding this issue to | |
368 the newsgroup @uref{news:gnu.misc.discuss}, which was created to hold the | |
369 extensive flame wars on the subject. | |
370 | |
371 RMS writes: | |
372 | |
373 @quotation | |
374 The legal meaning of the GNU copyleft is less important than the spirit, | |
375 which is that Emacs is a free software project and that work pertaining | |
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376 to Emacs should also be free software. ``Free'' means that all users |
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377 have the freedom to study, share, change and improve Emacs. To make |
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378 sure everyone has this freedom, pass along source code when you |
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379 distribute any version of Emacs or a related program, and give the |
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380 recipients the same freedom that you enjoyed. |
25474 | 381 @end quotation |
382 | |
383 @node Guidelines for newsgroup postings, Newsgroup archives, Real meaning of copyleft, General questions | |
384 @section What are appropriate messages for @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help}, @uref{news:gnu.emacs.bug}, @uref{news:comp.emacs}, etc.? | |
385 @cindex Newsgroups, appropriate messages for | |
386 @cindex GNU newsgroups, appropriate messages for | |
387 @cindex Usenet groups, appropriate messages for | |
388 @cindex Mailing lists, appropriate messages for | |
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389 @cindex Posting messages to newsgroups |
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390 |
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391 @cindex GNU mailing lists |
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392 The file @file{etc/MAILINGLISTS} describes the purpose of each GNU |
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393 mailing list. (@xref{Informational files for Emacs}, if you want a copy |
25474 | 394 of the file.) For those lists which are gatewayed with newsgroups, it |
395 lists both the newsgroup name and the mailing list address. | |
396 | |
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397 The newsgroup @uref{news:comp.emacs} is for discussion of Emacs programs |
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398 in general. This includes Emacs along with various other |
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399 implementations, such as XEmacs, JOVE, MicroEmacs, Freemacs, MG, |
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400 Unipress, CCA, and Epsilon. |
25474 | 401 |
402 Many people post Emacs questions to @uref{news:comp.emacs} because they | |
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403 don't receive any of the @code{gnu.*} newsgroups. Arguments have been |
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404 made both for and against posting GNU-Emacs-specific material to |
25474 | 405 @uref{news:comp.emacs}. You have to decide for yourself. |
406 | |
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407 Messages advocating ``non-free'' software are considered unacceptable on |
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408 any of the @code{gnu.*} newsgroups except for @uref{news:gnu.misc.discuss}, |
25474 | 409 which was created to hold the extensive flame-wars on the subject. |
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410 ``Non-free'' software includes any software for which the end user can't |
25474 | 411 freely modify the source code and exchange enhancements. Be careful to |
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412 remove the @code{gnu.*} groups from the @samp{Newsgroups:} line when |
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413 posting a followup that recommends such software. |
25474 | 414 |
415 @uref{news:gnu.emacs.bug} is a place where bug reports appear, but avoid | |
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416 posting bug reports to this newsgroup directly (@pxref{Reporting bugs}). |
25474 | 417 |
418 @node Newsgroup archives, Reporting bugs, Guidelines for newsgroup postings, General questions | |
419 @section Where can I get old postings to @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help} and other GNU groups? | |
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420 @cindex Archived postings from @code{gnu.emacs.help} |
25474 | 421 @cindex Usenet archives for GNU groups |
422 @cindex Old Usenet postings for GNU groups | |
423 | |
424 The FSF has maintained archives of all of the GNU mailing lists for many | |
425 years, although there may be some unintentional gaps in coverage. The | |
426 archive is not particularly well organized or easy to retrieve | |
427 individual postings from, but pretty much everything is there. | |
428 | |
429 The archive is at @uref{ftp://ftp-mailing-list-archives.gnu.org}. | |
430 | |
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431 The archive can be browsed over the web at |
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432 @uref{http://mail.gnu.org/archive/html/, the GNU mail archive}. |
25474 | 433 |
434 Web-based Usenet search services, such as | |
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435 @uref{http://groups.google.com, Google}, also archive the |
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436 @code{gnu.*} groups. |
25474 | 437 |
438 @node Reporting bugs, Unsubscribing from Emacs lists, Newsgroup archives, General questions | |
439 @section Where should I report bugs and other problems with Emacs? | |
440 @cindex Bug reporting | |
441 @cindex Good bug reports | |
442 @cindex How to submit a bug report | |
443 @cindex Reporting bugs | |
444 | |
445 The correct way to report Emacs bugs is by e-mail to | |
446 @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org}. Anything sent here also appears in the | |
447 newsgroup @uref{news:gnu.emacs.bug}, but please use e-mail instead of | |
448 news to submit the bug report. This ensures a reliable return address | |
449 so you can be contacted for further details. | |
450 | |
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451 Be sure to read the ``Bugs'' section of the Emacs manual before reporting |
25474 | 452 a bug to bug-gnu-emacs! The manual describes in detail how to submit a |
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453 useful bug report. (@xref{On-line manual}, if you don't know how to read the |
25474 | 454 manual.) |
455 | |
456 RMS says: | |
457 | |
458 @quotation | |
459 Sending bug reports to @email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} (which has the | |
460 effect of posting on @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help}) is undesirable because | |
461 it takes the time of an unnecessarily large group of people, most of | |
462 whom are just users and have no idea how to fix these problem. | |
463 @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} reaches a much smaller group of people | |
464 who are more likely to know what to do and have expressed a wish to | |
465 receive more messages about Emacs than the others. | |
466 @end quotation | |
467 | |
468 RMS says it is sometimes fine to post to @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help}: | |
469 | |
470 @quotation | |
471 If you have reported a bug and you don't hear about a possible fix, | |
472 then after a suitable delay (such as a week) it is okay to post on | |
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473 @code{gnu.emacs.help} asking if anyone can help you. |
25474 | 474 @end quotation |
475 | |
476 If you are unsure whether you have found a bug, consider the following | |
477 non-exhaustive list, courtesy of RMS: | |
478 | |
479 @quotation | |
480 If Emacs crashes, that is a bug. If Emacs gets compilation errors | |
481 while building, that is a bug. If Emacs crashes while building, that | |
482 is a bug. If Lisp code does not do what the documentation says it | |
483 does, that is a bug. | |
484 @end quotation | |
485 | |
486 @node Unsubscribing from Emacs lists, Contacting the FSF, Reporting bugs, General questions | |
487 @section How do I unsubscribe from this mailing list? | |
488 @cindex Unsubscribing from GNU mailing lists | |
489 @cindex Removing yourself from GNU mailing lists | |
490 | |
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491 If you are receiving a GNU mailing list named @var{list}, you might be |
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492 able to unsubscribe from it by sending a request to the address |
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493 @email{@var{list}-request@@gnu.org}. However, this will not work if you are |
25474 | 494 not listed on the main mailing list, but instead receive the mail from a |
495 distribution point. In that case, you will have to track down at which | |
496 distribution point you are listed. Inspecting the @samp{Received} headers | |
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497 on the mail messages may help, along with liberal use of the @samp{EXPN} or |
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498 @samp{VRFY} sendmail commands through @samp{telnet @var{site-address} |
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499 smtp}. Ask your postmaster for help, if you cannot figure out these |
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500 details. |
25474 | 501 |
502 @node Contacting the FSF, , Unsubscribing from Emacs lists, General questions | |
503 @section What is the current address of the FSF? | |
504 @cindex Snail mail address of the FSF | |
505 @cindex Postal address of the FSF | |
506 @cindex Contracting the FSF | |
507 @cindex Free Software Foundation, contacting | |
508 | |
509 @table @asis | |
510 | |
511 @item E-mail | |
512 gnu@@gnu.org | |
513 | |
514 @item Telephone | |
515 +1-617-542-5942 | |
516 | |
517 @item Fax | |
518 +1-617-542-2652 | |
519 | |
520 @item World Wide Web | |
521 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/} | |
522 | |
523 @item Postal address | |
524 Free Software Foundation@* | |
64083 | 525 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor@* |
526 Boston, MA 02110-1301@* | |
25474 | 527 USA@* |
528 | |
529 @end table | |
530 | |
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531 @cindex Ordering GNU software |
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532 For details on how to order items directly from the FSF, see the |
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533 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html, GNU Web site}. |
25474 | 534 |
535 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ | |
536 @node Getting help, Status of Emacs, General questions, Top | |
537 @chapter Getting help | |
538 @cindex Getting help | |
539 | |
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540 This chapter tells you how to get help with Emacs |
25474 | 541 |
542 @menu | |
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543 * Basic editing:: |
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544 * Learning how to do something:: |
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545 * Getting a printed manual:: |
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546 * Emacs Lisp documentation:: |
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547 * Installing Texinfo documentation:: |
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548 * Printing a Texinfo file:: |
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549 * Viewing Info files outside of Emacs:: |
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550 * Informational files for Emacs:: |
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551 * Help installing Emacs:: |
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552 * Obtaining the FAQ:: |
25474 | 553 @end menu |
554 | |
555 @node Basic editing, Learning how to do something, Getting help, Getting help | |
556 @section I'm just starting Emacs; how do I do basic editing? | |
557 @cindex Basic editing with Emacs | |
558 @cindex Beginning editing | |
559 @cindex Tutorial, invoking the | |
560 @cindex Self-paced tutorial, invoking the | |
561 @cindex Help system, entering the | |
562 | |
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563 Type @kbd{C-h t} to invoke the self-paced tutorial. Just typing |
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564 @kbd{C-h} enters the help system. Starting with Emacs 22, the tutorial |
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565 is available in many foreign languages such as French, German, Japanese, |
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566 Russian, etc. Use @kbd{M-x help-with-tutorial-spec-language @key{RET}} |
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567 to choose your language and start the tutorial. |
25474 | 568 |
569 Your system administrator may have changed @kbd{C-h} to act like | |
570 @key{DEL} to deal with local keyboards. You can use @kbd{M-x | |
571 help-for-help} instead to invoke help. To discover what key (if any) | |
572 invokes help on your system, type @kbd{M-x where-is @key{RET} | |
573 help-for-help @key{RET}}. This will print a comma-separated list of key | |
574 sequences in the echo area. Ignore the last character in each key | |
575 sequence listed. Each of the resulting key sequences invokes help. | |
576 | |
577 Emacs help works best if it is invoked by a single key whose value | |
578 should be stored in the variable @code{help-char}. | |
579 | |
580 @node Learning how to do something, Getting a printed manual, Basic editing, Getting help | |
581 @section How do I find out how to do something in Emacs? | |
582 @cindex Help for Emacs | |
583 @cindex Learning to do something in Emacs | |
584 @cindex Reference card for Emacs | |
585 @cindex Overview of help systems | |
586 | |
587 There are several methods for finding out how to do things in Emacs. | |
588 | |
589 @itemize @bullet | |
590 | |
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591 @cindex Reading the Emacs manual |
25474 | 592 @item |
593 The complete text of the Emacs manual is available on-line via the Info | |
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594 hypertext reader. Type @kbd{C-h r} to display the manual in Info mode. |
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595 Typing @key{h} immediately after entering Info will provide a short |
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596 tutorial on how to use it. |
25474 | 597 |
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598 @cindex Lookup a subject in a manual |
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599 @cindex Index search in a manual |
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600 @item |
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601 To quickly locate the section of the manual which discusses a certain |
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602 issue, or describes a command or a variable, type @kbd{C-h i m emacs |
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603 @key{RET} i @var{topic} @key{RET}}, where @var{topic} is the name of the |
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604 topic, the command, or the variable which you are looking for. If this |
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605 does not land you on the right place in the manual, press @kbd{,} |
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606 (comma) repeatedly until you find what you need. (The @kbd{i} and |
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607 @kbd{,} keys invoke the index-searching functions, which look for the |
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608 @var{topic} you type in all the indices of the Emacs manual.) |
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609 |
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610 @cindex Apropos |
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611 @item |
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612 You can list all of the commands whose names contain a certain word |
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613 (actually which match a regular expression) using @kbd{C-h a} (@kbd{M-x |
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614 command-apropos}). |
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615 |
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616 @cindex Command description in the manual |
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617 @item |
54478 | 618 The command @kbd{C-h F} (@code{Info-goto-emacs-command-node}) prompts |
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619 for the name of a command, and then attempts to find the section in the |
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620 Emacs manual where that command is described. |
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621 |
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622 @cindex Finding commands and variables |
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623 @item |
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624 You can list all of the functions and variables whose names contain a |
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625 certain word using @kbd{M-x apropos}. |
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626 |
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627 @item |
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628 You can list all of the functions and variables whose documentation |
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629 matches a regular expression or a string, using @kbd{M-x |
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630 apropos-documentation}. |
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631 |
25474 | 632 @item |
633 You can order a hardcopy of the manual from the FSF. @xref{Getting a | |
634 printed manual}. | |
635 | |
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636 @cindex Reference cards, in other languages |
25474 | 637 @item |
638 You can get a printed reference card listing commands and keys to | |
639 invoke them. You can order one from the FSF for $1 (or 10 for $5), | |
640 or you can print your own from the @file{etc/refcard.tex} or | |
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641 @file{etc/refcard.ps} files in the Emacs distribution. Beginning with |
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642 version 21.1, the Emacs distribution comes with translations of the |
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643 reference card into several languages; look for files named |
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644 @file{etc/@var{lang}-refcard.*}, where @var{lang} is a two-letter code |
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645 of the language. For example, the German version of the reference card |
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646 is in the files @file{etc/de-refcard.tex} and @file{etc/de-refcard.ps}. |
25474 | 647 |
648 @item | |
649 There are many other commands in Emacs for getting help and | |
650 information. To get a list of these commands, type @samp{?} after | |
651 @kbd{C-h}. | |
652 | |
653 @end itemize | |
654 | |
655 @node Getting a printed manual, Emacs Lisp documentation, Learning how to do something, Getting help | |
656 @section How do I get a printed copy of the Emacs manual? | |
657 @cindex Printed Emacs manual, obtaining | |
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658 @cindex Manual, obtaining a printed or HTML copy of |
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659 @cindex Emacs manual, obtaining a printed or HTML copy of |
25474 | 660 |
661 You can order a printed copy of the Emacs manual from the FSF. For | |
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662 details see the @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html, GNU Web site}. |
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663 |
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664 @c The number 620 below is version-dependent! |
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665 The full Texinfo source for the manual also comes in the @file{man} |
25474 | 666 directory of the Emacs distribution, if you're daring enough to try to |
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667 print out this 620-page manual yourself (@pxref{Printing a Texinfo |
25474 | 668 file}). |
669 | |
670 If you absolutely have to print your own copy, and you don't have @TeX{}, | |
671 you can get a PostScript version from | |
672 | |
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673 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/emacs.ps.gz} |
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674 |
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675 @cindex HTML version of Emacs manual, obtaining |
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676 An HTML version of the manual is at |
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677 |
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678 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/emacs.html} |
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679 |
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680 @xref{Learning how to do something}, for how to view the manual on-line. |
25474 | 681 |
682 @node Emacs Lisp documentation, Installing Texinfo documentation, Getting a printed manual, Getting help | |
683 @section Where can I get documentation on Emacs Lisp? | |
684 @cindex Documentation on Emacs Lisp | |
685 @cindex Function documentation | |
686 @cindex Variable documentation | |
687 @cindex Emacs Lisp Reference Manual | |
688 @cindex Reference manual for Emacs Lisp | |
689 | |
690 Within Emacs, you can type @kbd{C-h f} to get the documentation for a | |
691 function, @kbd{C-h v} for a variable. | |
692 | |
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693 For more information, the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual is available |
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694 on-line, in Info format. @xref{Top, Emacs Lisp,, elisp, The |
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695 Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}. |
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696 |
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697 You can also order a hardcopy of the manual, details on ordering it from |
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|
698 FSF are on the @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html, GNU Web site}. |
34741
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|
699 |
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|
700 An HTML version of the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual is available at |
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|
701 |
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|
702 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/elisp-manual/elisp.html} |
25474 | 703 |
704 @node Installing Texinfo documentation, Printing a Texinfo file, Emacs Lisp documentation, Getting help | |
705 @section How do I install a piece of Texinfo documentation? | |
706 @cindex Texinfo documentation, installing | |
707 @cindex Installing Texinfo documentation | |
708 @cindex New Texinfo files, installing | |
709 @cindex Documentation, installing new Texinfo files | |
34741
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|
710 @cindex Info files, how to install |
25474 | 711 |
712 First, you must turn the Texinfo files into Info files. You may do this | |
713 using the stand-alone @file{makeinfo} program, available as part of the latest | |
714 Texinfo package at | |
715 | |
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|
716 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/texinfo/texinfo-4.8.tar.gz} |
34741
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|
717 |
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|
718 and all mirrors of @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (for a list, @pxref{Current GNU |
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|
719 distributions}). |
25474 | 720 |
721 For information about the Texinfo format, read the Texinfo manual which | |
34741
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722 comes with the Texinfo package. This manual also comes installed in |
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|
723 Info format, so you can read it on-line; type @kbd{C-h i m texinfo |
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|
724 @key{RET}}. |
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|
725 |
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|
726 Alternatively, you could use the Emacs command @kbd{M-x |
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|
727 texinfo-format-buffer}, after visiting the Texinfo source file of the |
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|
728 manual you want to convert. |
25474 | 729 |
730 Neither @code{texinfo-format-buffer} nor @file{makeinfo} installs the | |
34741
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|
731 resulting Info files in Emacs's Info tree. To install Info files, |
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|
732 perform these steps: |
25474 | 733 |
734 @enumerate | |
34741
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|
735 @item |
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|
736 Move the files to the @file{info} directory in the installed Emacs |
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Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
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|
737 distribution. @xref{File-name conventions}, if you don't know where that |
34741
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|
738 is. |
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|
739 |
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|
740 @item |
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|
741 Run the @code{install-info} command, which is part of the Texinfo |
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|
742 distribution, to update the main Info directory menu, like this: |
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|
743 |
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|
744 @example |
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|
745 install-info --info-dir=@var{dir-path} @var{dir-path}/@var{file} |
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|
746 @end example |
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|
747 |
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|
748 @noindent |
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|
749 where @var{dir-path} is the full path to the directory where you copied |
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|
750 the produced Info file(s), and @var{file} is the name of the Info file |
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|
751 you produced and want to install. |
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|
752 |
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|
753 If you don't have the @code{install-info} command installed, you can |
13240ff7920b
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|
754 edit the file @file{info/dir} in the installed Emacs distribution, and |
13240ff7920b
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|
755 add a line for the top level node in the Info package that you are |
13240ff7920b
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|
756 installing. Follow the examples already in this file. The format is: |
25474 | 757 |
758 @example | |
759 * Topic: (relative-pathname). Short description of topic. | |
760 @end example | |
761 | |
49429
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Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
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|
762 @end enumerate |
25474 | 763 |
764 If you want to install Info files and you don't have the necessary | |
765 privileges, you have several options: | |
766 | |
767 @itemize @bullet | |
768 @item | |
769 Info files don't actually need to be installed before being used. You | |
770 can feed a file name to the @code{Info-goto-node} command (invoked by | |
771 pressing @key{g} in Info mode) by typing the name of the file in | |
34741
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|
772 parentheses. This goes to the node named ``Top'' in that file. For |
13240ff7920b
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|
773 example, to view a Info file named @file{@var{info-file}} in your home |
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|
774 directory, you can type this: |
25474 | 775 |
37530
d4b1acaf82b0
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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|
776 @example |
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|
777 @kbd{C-h i g (~/@var{info-file}) @key{RET}} |
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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|
778 @end example |
25474 | 779 |
780 @item | |
34741
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781 You can create your own Info directory. You can tell Emacs where that |
25474 | 782 Info directory is by adding its pathname to the value of the variable |
783 @code{Info-default-directory-list}. For example, to use a private Info | |
34741
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|
784 directory which is a subdirectory of your home directory named @file{Info}, |
25474 | 785 you could put this in your @file{.emacs} file: |
786 | |
787 @lisp | |
788 (setq Info-default-directory-list | |
789 (cons "~/Info" Info-default-directory-list)) | |
790 @end lisp | |
791 | |
792 You will need a top-level Info file named @file{dir} in this directory | |
34741
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|
793 which has everything the system @file{dir} file has in it, except it should |
25474 | 794 list only entries for Info files in that directory. You might not need |
795 it if all files in this directory were referenced by other @file{dir} | |
796 files. The node lists from all @file{dir} files in | |
797 @code{Info-default-directory-list} are merged by the Info system. | |
798 | |
799 @end itemize | |
800 | |
801 @node Printing a Texinfo file, Viewing Info files outside of Emacs, Installing Texinfo documentation, Getting help | |
802 @section How do I print a Texinfo file? | |
803 @cindex Printing a Texinfo file | |
804 @cindex Texinfo file, printing | |
34741
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|
805 @cindex Printing documentation |
25474 | 806 |
807 You can't get nicely printed output from Info files; you must still have | |
808 the original Texinfo source file for the manual you want to print. | |
809 | |
810 Assuming you have @TeX{} installed on your system, follow these steps: | |
811 | |
812 @enumerate | |
813 | |
34741
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|
814 @item |
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|
815 Make sure the first line of the Texinfo file looks like this: |
25474 | 816 |
817 @example | |
818 \input texinfo | |
819 @end example | |
820 | |
34741
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|
821 You may need to change @samp{texinfo} to the full pathname of the |
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|
822 @file{texinfo.tex} file, which comes with Emacs as |
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|
823 @file{man/texinfo.tex} (or copy or link it into the current directory). |
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|
824 |
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|
825 @item |
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|
826 Type @kbd{texi2dvi @var{texinfo-source}}, where @var{texinfo-source} is |
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|
827 the name of the Texinfo source file for which you want to produce a |
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|
828 printed copy. |
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changeset
|
829 |
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|
830 The @samp{texi2dvi} script is part of the GNU Texinfo distribution |
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|
831 (@pxref{Installing Texinfo documentation}). |
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|
832 |
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|
833 @item |
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|
834 Print the DVI file @file{@var{texinfo-source}.dvi} in the normal way for |
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changeset
|
835 printing DVI files at your site. For example, if you have a PostScript |
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|
836 printer, run the @code{dvips} program to print the DVI file on that |
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|
837 printer. |
25474 | 838 |
839 @end enumerate | |
840 | |
841 To get more general instructions, retrieve the latest Texinfo package | |
25476
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General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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|
842 (@pxref{Installing Texinfo documentation}). |
25474 | 843 |
844 @node Viewing Info files outside of Emacs, Informational files for Emacs, Printing a Texinfo file, Getting help | |
845 @section Can I view Info files without using Emacs? | |
846 @cindex Viewing Info files | |
847 @cindex Info file viewers | |
848 @cindex Alternative Info file viewers | |
849 | |
850 Yes. Here are some alternative programs: | |
851 | |
852 @itemize @bullet | |
853 | |
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|
854 @item |
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|
855 @code{info}, a stand-alone version of the Info program, comes as part of |
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|
856 the Texinfo package. @xref{Installing Texinfo documentation}, for |
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|
857 details. |
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|
858 |
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|
859 @item |
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|
860 Xinfo, a stand-alone version of the Info program that runs under X |
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|
861 Window system. You can get it at |
25474 | 862 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/xinfo/xinfo-1.01.01.tar.gz} and all |
34741
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|
863 mirrors of @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (see @ref{Current GNU distributions}, for a |
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changeset
|
864 list of mirrors). |
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|
865 |
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|
866 @item |
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changeset
|
867 Tkinfo, an Info viewer that runs under X Window system and uses Tcl/Tk. |
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|
868 You can get Tkinfo at |
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|
869 @uref{http://math-www.uni-paderborn.de/~axel/tkinfo/}. |
25474 | 870 |
871 @end itemize | |
872 | |
873 @node Informational files for Emacs, Help installing Emacs, Viewing Info files outside of Emacs, Getting help | |
874 @section What informational files are available for Emacs? | |
875 @cindex Informational files included with Emacs | |
876 @cindex Files included with Emacs | |
877 @cindex @file{COPYING}, description of file | |
878 @cindex @file{DISTRIB}, description of file | |
879 @cindex @file{FTP}, description of file | |
880 @cindex @file{GNU}, description of file | |
881 @cindex @file{INTERVIEW}, description of file | |
882 @cindex @file{LPF}, description of file | |
883 @cindex @file{MACHINES}, description of file | |
884 @cindex @file{MAILINGLISTS}, description of file | |
885 @cindex @file{NEWS}, description of file | |
886 @cindex @file{SERVICE}, description of file | |
887 @cindex @file{SUN-SUPPORT}, description of file | |
888 | |
889 This isn't a frequently asked question, but it should be! A variety of | |
890 informational files about Emacs and relevant aspects of the GNU project | |
891 are available for you to read. | |
892 | |
893 The following files are available in the @file{etc} directory of the | |
36383
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|
894 Emacs distribution (see @ref{File-name conventions}, if you're not sure |
34741
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|
895 where that is). |
25474 | 896 |
897 @table @file | |
898 | |
899 @item COPYING | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
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changeset
|
900 GNU General Public License |
25474 | 901 |
902 @item DISTRIB | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
903 Emacs Availability Information, including the popular Free Software |
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904 Foundation Order Form |
25474 | 905 |
906 @item FTP | |
907 How to get GNU Software by Internet FTP or by UUCP | |
908 | |
909 @item GNU | |
910 The GNU Manifesto | |
911 | |
912 @item INTERVIEW | |
913 Richard Stallman discusses his public-domain UNIX-compatible software | |
914 system with BYTE editors | |
915 | |
916 @item LPF | |
917 Why you should join the League for Programming Freedom | |
918 | |
919 @item MACHINES | |
920 Status of Emacs on Various Machines and Systems | |
921 | |
922 @item MAILINGLISTS | |
923 GNU Project Electronic Mailing Lists | |
924 | |
925 @item NEWS | |
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926 Emacs news, a history of recent user-visible changes |
25474 | 927 |
928 @item SERVICE | |
929 GNU Service Directory | |
930 | |
931 @item SUN-SUPPORT | |
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|
932 including ``Using Emacstool with GNU Emacs'' |
25474 | 933 |
934 @end table | |
935 | |
34741
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|
936 More GNU information, including back issues of the @cite{GNU's |
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|
937 Bulletin}, are at |
25474 | 938 |
939 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/bulletins/bulletins.html} and | |
940 | |
941 @uref{http://www.cs.pdx.edu/~trent/gnu/gnu.html} | |
942 | |
943 @node Help installing Emacs, Obtaining the FAQ, Informational files for Emacs, Getting help | |
944 @section Where can I get help in installing Emacs? | |
945 @cindex Installation help | |
946 @cindex Help installing Emacs | |
947 | |
34741
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|
948 @xref{Installing Emacs}, for some basic installation hints, and see |
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|
949 @ref{Problems building Emacs}, or @ref{Linking with -lX11 fails}, if you |
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|
950 have problems with the installation. |
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|
951 |
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|
952 The file @file{etc/SERVICE} (see @ref{File-name conventions}, if you're |
34741
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|
953 not sure where that is) lists companies and individuals willing to sell |
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|
954 you help in installing or using Emacs. An up-to-date version this file |
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|
955 is available on @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (@pxref{Informational files for |
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|
956 Emacs}). |
25474 | 957 |
958 @node Obtaining the FAQ, , Help installing Emacs, Getting help | |
959 @section Where can I get the latest version of this FAQ? | |
960 @cindex FAQ, obtaining the | |
961 @cindex Latest FAQ version, obtaining the | |
962 @cindex Retrieving the latest FAQ version | |
963 @cindex E-mail, retrieving the FAQ via | |
964 @cindex Web, reading the FAQ on the | |
965 | |
966 The Emacs FAQ is available in several ways: | |
967 | |
968 @itemize @bullet | |
969 | |
970 @item | |
34741
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|
971 Inside of Emacs itself. You can get it from selecting the @samp{Emacs |
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|
972 FAQ} option from the @samp{Help} menu of the Emacs menu bar at the top |
54478 | 973 of any Emacs frame, or by typing @kbd{C-h C-f} (@kbd{M-x view-emacs-FAQ}). |
25474 | 974 |
975 @item | |
976 Via USENET. If you can read news, the FAQ should be available in your | |
977 news spool, in both the @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help} and | |
978 @uref{news:comp.emacs} newsgroups. Every news reader should allow you | |
979 to read any news article that is still in the news spool, even if you | |
980 have read the article before. You may need to read the instructions for | |
981 your news reader to discover how to do this. In @file{rn}, this command | |
982 will do this for you at the article selection level: | |
983 | |
984 @example | |
985 ?GNU Emacs Frequently Asked Questions?rc:m | |
986 @end example | |
987 | |
988 In Gnus, you should type @kbd{C-u C-x C-s} from the @file{*Summary*} | |
989 buffer or @kbd{C-u @key{SPC}} from the @file{*Newsgroup*} buffer to view | |
990 all articles in a newsgroup. | |
991 | |
34741
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|
992 If the FAQ articles have expired and have been deleted from your news |
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|
993 spool, it might (or might not) do some good to complain to your news |
25474 | 994 administrator, because the most recent FAQ should not expire for a |
995 while. | |
996 | |
34741
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|
997 @item |
25474 | 998 In the Emacs distribution. Since Emacs 18.56, the FAQ at the time |
37530
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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|
999 of release has been part of the Emacs distribution as either |
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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|
1000 @file{etc/FAQ} or @file{man/faq.texi} (@pxref{File-name conventions}). |
25474 | 1001 |
1002 @item | |
1003 Via anonymous ftp and e-mail from @file{rtfm.mit.edu} (and its mirror in | |
1004 Europe), the main repository for FAQs and other items posted to | |
1005 news.answers. The Emacs FAQs are available at | |
1006 | |
1007 @uref{ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.emacs/} and | |
1008 | |
1009 @uref{ftp://ftp.uni-paderborn.de/pub/doc/FAQ/comp/emacs/} | |
1010 | |
1011 If you do not have access to anonymous FTP, you can access the archives | |
1012 using the @file{rtfm.mit.edu} mail server. The Emacs FAQ can be | |
1013 retrieved by sending mail to @email{mail-server@@rtfm.mit.edu} with a | |
1014 blank subject and containing | |
1015 | |
1016 @example | |
1017 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/diffs | |
1018 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part1 | |
1019 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part2 | |
1020 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part3 | |
1021 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part4 | |
1022 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part5 | |
1023 @end example | |
1024 | |
1025 For more information, send email to @email{mail-server@@rtfm.mit.edu} | |
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Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
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|
1026 with @samp{help} and @samp{index} in the body on separate lines. |
25474 | 1027 @end itemize |
1028 | |
1029 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ | |
1030 @node Status of Emacs, Common requests, Getting help, Top | |
1031 @chapter Status of Emacs | |
1032 @cindex Status of Emacs | |
1033 | |
34741
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|
1034 This chapter gives you basic information about Emacs, including its |
25474 | 1035 latest version status. |
1036 | |
1037 @menu | |
49429
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Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
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|
1038 * Origin of the term Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
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|
1039 * Latest version of Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
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|
1040 * New in Emacs 20:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
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|
1041 * New in Emacs 21:: |
67483
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|
1042 * New in Emacs 22:: |
25474 | 1043 @end menu |
1044 | |
1045 @node Origin of the term Emacs, Latest version of Emacs, Status of Emacs, Status of Emacs | |
34741
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|
1046 @section Where does the name ``Emacs'' come from? |
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|
1047 @cindex Origin of the term ``Emacs'' |
25474 | 1048 @cindex Emacs name origin |
1049 @cindex TECO | |
1050 @cindex Original version of Emacs | |
1051 | |
34741
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|
1052 Emacs originally was an acronym for Editor MACroS. RMS says he ``picked |
25474 | 1053 the name Emacs because @key{E} was not in use as an abbreviation on ITS at |
34741
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|
1054 the time.'' The first Emacs was a set of macros written in 1976 at MIT |
25474 | 1055 by RMS for the editor TECO (Text Editor and COrrector, originally Tape |
1056 Editor and COrrector) under ITS on a PDP-10. RMS had already extended | |
34741
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|
1057 TECO with a ``real-time'' full-screen mode with reprogrammable keys. |
25474 | 1058 Emacs was started by @email{gls@@east.sun.com, Guy Steele} as a project |
1059 to unify the many divergent TECO command sets and key bindings at MIT, | |
1060 and completed by RMS. | |
1061 | |
1062 Many people have said that TECO code looks a lot like line noise; you | |
1063 can read more at @uref{news:alt.lang.teco}. Someone has written a TECO | |
34741
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|
1064 implementation in Emacs Lisp (to find it, see @ref{Packages that do not |
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|
1065 come with Emacs}); it would be an interesting project to run the |
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|
1066 original TECO Emacs inside of Emacs. |
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|
1067 |
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|
1068 @cindex Why Emacs? |
25474 | 1069 For some not-so-serious alternative reasons for Emacs to have that |
36383
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Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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|
1070 name, check out the file @file{etc/JOKES} (@pxref{File-name |
34741
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|
1071 conventions}). |
25474 | 1072 |
1073 @node Latest version of Emacs, New in Emacs 20, Origin of the term Emacs, Status of Emacs | |
1074 @section What is the latest version of Emacs? | |
1075 @cindex Version, latest | |
34741
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|
1076 @cindex Latest version of Emacs |
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|
1077 |
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|
1078 Emacs @value{VER} is the current version as of this writing. |
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|
1079 |
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|
1080 @node New in Emacs 20, New in Emacs 21, Latest version of Emacs, Status of Emacs |
25474 | 1081 @section What is different about Emacs 20? |
1082 @cindex Differences between Emacs 19 and Emacs 20 | |
1083 @cindex Emacs 20, new features in | |
1084 | |
54478 | 1085 To find out what has changed in recent versions, type @kbd{C-h C-n} |
25474 | 1086 (@kbd{M-x view-emacs-news}). The oldest changes are at the bottom of |
1087 the file, so you might want to read it starting there, rather than at | |
1088 the top. | |
1089 | |
1090 The differences between Emacs versions 18 and 19 was rather dramatic; | |
1091 the introduction of frames, faces, and colors on windowing systems was | |
1092 obvious to even the most casual user. | |
1093 | |
1094 There are differences between Emacs versions 19 and 20 as well, but many | |
1095 are more subtle or harder to find. Among the changes are the inclusion | |
34741
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|
1096 of MULE code for languages that use non-Latin characters and for mixing |
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1097 several languages in the same document; the ``Customize'' facility for |
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|
1098 modifying variables without having to use Lisp; and automatic conversion |
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|
1099 of files from Macintosh, Microsoft, and Unix platforms. |
25474 | 1100 |
1101 A number of older Lisp packages, such as Gnus, Supercite and the | |
1102 calendar/diary, have been updated and enhanced to work with Emacs 20, | |
1103 and are now included with the standard distribution. | |
1104 | |
1105 | |
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1106 @node New in Emacs 21, New in Emacs 22, New in Emacs 20, Status of Emacs |
34741
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1107 @section What is different about Emacs 21? |
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1108 @cindex Differences between Emacs 20 and Emacs 21 |
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1109 @cindex Emacs 21, new features in |
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|
1110 @cindex Recently introduced features |
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|
1111 |
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|
1112 @cindex Variable-size fonts |
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1113 @cindex Toolbar support |
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1114 Emacs 21 features a thorough rewrite of the display engine. The new |
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1115 display engine supports variable-size fonts, images, and can play sounds |
46918
82d113655734
Minor spelling and grammar corrections.
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|
1116 on platforms which support that. As a result, the visual appearance of |
34741
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1117 Emacs, when it runs on a windowed display, is much more reminiscent of |
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1118 modern GUI programs, and includes 3D widgets (used for the mode line and |
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|
1119 the scroll bars), a configurable and extensible toolbar, tooltips |
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1120 (a.k.a.@: balloon help), and other niceties. |
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|
1121 |
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|
1122 @cindex Colors on text-only terminals |
34741
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1123 @cindex TTY colors |
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|
1124 In addition, Emacs 21 supports faces on text-only terminals. This means |
34741
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1125 that you can now have colors when you run Emacs on a GNU/Linux console |
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1126 and on @code{xterm} with @kbd{emacs -nw}. |
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|
1127 |
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1128 @node New in Emacs 22, , New in Emacs 21, Status of Emacs |
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1129 @section What is different about Emacs 22? |
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1130 @cindex Differences between Emacs 21 and Emacs 22 |
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1131 @cindex Emacs 22, new features in |
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|
1132 @cindex Recently introduced features |
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|
1133 |
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|
1134 @c FIXME: Improve this node before the 22.1 release. |
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changeset
|
1135 @cindex Default features |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1136 Font-lock mode, auto-compression mode, and file name shadow mode are now |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1137 enabled by default. It is now possible to follow links with |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1138 @kbd{mouse-1}. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1139 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1140 @cindex Supported systems |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1141 Emacs 22 features support for GNU/Linux systems on S390 and X86-64 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1142 machines, as well as support for the Mac OS X and Cygwin operating |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1143 systems. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1144 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1145 @cindex GTK+ Toolkit |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1146 @cindex Drag-and-drop |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1147 @cindex Mouse wheel |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1148 Emacs can now be built with GTK+ widgets, and supports drag-and-drop |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1149 operation on X. Mouse wheel support is now enabled by default. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1150 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1151 @cindex New modes |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1152 Many new modes and packages have been included in Emacs, such as Leim, |
68451
fc745b05e928
Revision: emacs@sv.gnu.org/emacs--devo--0--patch-22
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
67892
diff
changeset
|
1153 Calc, Tramp and URL, as well as IDO, CUA, rcirc, ERC, conf-mode, |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1154 python-mode, table, tumme, SES, ruler, Flymake, Org, etc. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1155 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1156 @cindex Documentation |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1157 @cindex Emacs Lisp Manual |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1158 In addition, Emacs 22 now includes the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1159 (@pxref{Emacs Lisp documentation}) and the Emacs Lisp Intro. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1160 |
25474 | 1161 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ |
1162 @node Common requests, Bugs and problems, Status of Emacs, Top | |
1163 @chapter Common requests | |
1164 @cindex Common requests | |
1165 | |
1166 @menu | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1167 * Setting up a customization file:: |
67892
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1168 * Using Customize:: |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1169 * Debugging a customization file:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1170 * Colors on a TTY:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1171 * Displaying the current line or column:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1172 * Displaying the current file name in the titlebar:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1173 * Turning on abbrevs by default:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1174 * Turning on auto-fill by default:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1175 * Associating modes with files:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1176 * Working with unprintable characters:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1177 * Highlighting a region:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1178 * Controlling case sensitivity:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1179 * Wrapping words automatically:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1180 * Spell-checkers:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1181 * Checking TeX and *roff documents:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1182 * Changing load-path:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1183 * Using an already running Emacs process:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1184 * Compiler error messages:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1185 * Indenting switch statements:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1186 * Customizing C and C++ indentation:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1187 * Horizontal scrolling:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1188 * Overwrite mode:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1189 * Turning off beeping:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1190 * Turning the volume down:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1191 * Automatic indentation:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1192 * Matching parentheses:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1193 * Hiding #ifdef lines:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1194 * Repeating commands:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1195 * Valid X resources:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1196 * Evaluating Emacs Lisp code:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1197 * Changing the length of a Tab:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1198 * Inserting > at the beginning of each line:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1199 * Underlining paragraphs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1200 * Repeating a command as many times as possible:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1201 * Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1202 * Forcing Emacs to iconify itself:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1203 * Using regular expressions:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1204 * Replacing text across multiple files:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1205 * Documentation for etags:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1206 * Disabling backups:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1207 * Disabling auto-save-mode:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1208 * Going to a line by number:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1209 * Modifying pull-down menus:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1210 * Deleting menus and menu options:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1211 * Turning on syntax highlighting:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1212 * Scrolling only one line:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1213 * Replacing highlighted text:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1214 * Editing MS-DOS files:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1215 * Filling paragraphs with a single space:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1216 * Escape sequences in shell output:: |
25474 | 1217 @end menu |
1218 | |
67892
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1219 @node Setting up a customization file, Using Customize, Common requests, Common requests |
25474 | 1220 @section How do I set up a @file{.emacs} file properly? |
1221 @cindex @file{.emacs} file, setting up | |
50791
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
1222 @cindex @file{.emacs} file, locating |
25474 | 1223 @cindex Init file, setting up |
1224 @cindex Customization file, setting up | |
1225 | |
50475
b65aa1d740eb
Fix cross references.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
49429
diff
changeset
|
1226 @inforef{Init File, Init File, emacs}. |
25474 | 1227 |
1228 In general, new Emacs users should not have @file{.emacs} files, because | |
1229 it causes confusing non-standard behavior. Then they send questions to | |
1230 @email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} asking why Emacs isn't behaving as | |
1231 documented. | |
1232 | |
67892
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1233 Beginning with version 20.1, Emacs includes the new Customize facility |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1234 (@pxref{Using Customize}). This allows users who are unfamiliar with |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1235 Emacs Lisp to modify their @file{.emacs} files in a relatively |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1236 straightforward way, using menus rather than Lisp code. Most packages |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1237 support Customize as of this writing. |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1238 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1239 While Customize might indeed make it easier to configure Emacs, |
25474 | 1240 consider taking a bit of time to learn Emacs Lisp and modifying your |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1241 @file{.emacs} directly. Simple configuration options are described |
25474 | 1242 rather completely in @inforef{Init File, Init File, emacs}, for users |
1243 interested in performing frequently requested, basic tasks. | |
1244 | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1245 Sometimes users are unsure as to where their @file{.emacs} file should |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1246 be found. Visiting the file as @file{~/.emacs} from Emacs will find |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1247 the correct file. |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1248 |
67892
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1249 @node Using Customize, Colors on a TTY, Setting up a customization file, Common requests |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1250 @section How do I start using Customize? |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1251 @cindex Customize groups |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1252 @cindex Customizing variables |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1253 @cindex Customizing faces |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1254 |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1255 The main Customize entry point is @kbd{M-x customize @key{RET}}. This |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1256 command takes you to a buffer listing all the available Customize |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1257 groups. From there, you can access all customizable options and faces, |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1258 change their values, and save your changes to your init file. |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1259 @inforef{Easy Customization, Easy Customization, emacs}. |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1260 |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1261 If you know the name of the group in advance (e.g. ``shell''), use |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1262 @kbd{M-x customize-group @key{RET}}. |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1263 |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1264 If you wish to customize a single option, use @kbd{M-x customize-option |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1265 @key{RET}}. This command prompts you for the name of the option to |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1266 customize, with completion. |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1267 |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1268 @node Colors on a TTY, Debugging a customization file, Using Customize, Common requests |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1269 @section How do I get colors and syntax highlighting on a TTY? |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1270 @cindex Colors on a TTY |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1271 @cindex Syntax highlighting on a TTY |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1272 @cindex Console, colors |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1273 |
43960
397a4490dc38
Fix some URLs, the Copyright years, and the Emacs version.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
42674
diff
changeset
|
1274 In Emacs 21.1 and later, colors and faces are supported in non-windowed mode, |
36842
654b53bab583
Change "character terminal" to "text-only terminal".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36515
diff
changeset
|
1275 i.e.@: on Unix and GNU/Linux text-only terminals and consoles, and when |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1276 invoked as @samp{emacs -nw} on X and MS-Windows. (Colors and faces were |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1277 supported in the MS-DOS port since Emacs 19.29.) Emacs automatically |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1278 detects color support at startup and uses it if available. If you think |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1279 that your terminal supports colors, but Emacs won't use them, check the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1280 @code{termcap} entry for your display type for color-related |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1281 capabilities. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1282 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1283 The command @kbd{M-x list-colors-display} pops up a window which |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1284 exhibits all the colors Emacs knows about on the current display. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1285 |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1286 Syntax highlighting is on by default since version 22.1. |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1287 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1288 @node Debugging a customization file, Displaying the current line or column, Colors on a TTY, Common requests |
25474 | 1289 @section How do I debug a @file{.emacs} file? |
1290 @cindex Debugging @file{.emacs} file | |
1291 @cindex @file{.emacs} debugging | |
1292 @cindex Init file debugging | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1293 @cindex @samp{-debug-init} option |
25474 | 1294 |
1295 Start Emacs with the @samp{-debug-init} command-line option. This | |
1296 enables the Emacs Lisp debugger before evaluating your @file{.emacs} | |
1297 file, and places you in the debugger if something goes wrong. The top | |
1298 line in the @file{trace-back} buffer will be the error message, and the | |
1299 second or third line of that buffer will display the Lisp code from your | |
1300 @file{.emacs} file that caused the problem. | |
1301 | |
1302 You can also evaluate an individual function or argument to a function | |
1303 in your @file{.emacs} file by moving the cursor to the end of the | |
1304 function or argument and typing @kbd{C-x C-e} (@kbd{M-x | |
1305 eval-last-sexp}). | |
1306 | |
1307 Use @kbd{C-h v} (@kbd{M-x describe-variable}) to check the value of | |
1308 variables which you are trying to set or use. | |
1309 | |
36383
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
1310 @node Displaying the current line or column, Displaying the current file name in the titlebar, Debugging a customization file, Common requests |
25474 | 1311 @section How do I make Emacs display the current line (or column) number? |
1312 @cindex @code{line-number-mode} | |
1313 @cindex Displaying the current line or column | |
1314 @cindex Line number, displaying the current | |
1315 @cindex Column, displaying the current | |
1316 @cindex @code{mode-line-format} | |
1317 | |
1318 To have Emacs automatically display the current line number of the point | |
1319 in the mode line, do @kbd{M-x line-number-mode}. You can also put the | |
1320 form | |
1321 | |
1322 @lisp | |
1323 (setq line-number-mode t) | |
1324 @end lisp | |
1325 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1326 @noindent |
25474 | 1327 in your @file{.emacs} file to achieve this whenever you start Emacs. |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1328 (Line number display is on by default, unless your site-specific |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1329 initialization disables it.) Note that Emacs will not display the line |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1330 number if the buffer's size in bytes is larger than the value of the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1331 variable @code{line-number-display-limit}. |
25474 | 1332 |
1333 As of Emacs 20, you can similarly display the current column with | |
1334 @kbd{M-x column-number-mode}, or by putting the form | |
1335 | |
1336 @lisp | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1337 (setq column-number-mode t) |
25474 | 1338 @end lisp |
1339 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1340 @noindent |
25474 | 1341 in your @file{.emacs} file. |
1342 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1343 The @code{"%c"} format specifier in the variable @code{mode-line-format} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1344 will insert the current column's value into the mode line. See the |
25474 | 1345 documentation for @code{mode-line-format} (using @kbd{C-h v |
1346 mode-line-format @key{RET}}) for more information on how to set and use | |
1347 this variable. | |
1348 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1349 Users of all Emacs versions can display the current column using the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1350 @samp{column} package written by @email{abraham@@dina.kvl.dk, Per |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1351 Abrahamsen}. @xref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}, for |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1352 instructions on how to get it. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1353 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1354 @cindex Set number capability in @code{vi} emulators |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1355 None of the @code{vi} emulation modes provide the ``set number'' |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1356 capability of @code{vi} (as far as we know). The @samp{setnu} package |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1357 written by @email{kyle@@wonderworks.com, Kyle Jones} provides this |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1358 feature. So too does @samp{wb-line-number}, written by |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1359 @email{naoki.y.nakamura@@nifty.com, Naoki Nakamura}. |
25474 | 1360 |
36383
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
1361 @node Displaying the current file name in the titlebar, Turning on abbrevs by default, Displaying the current line or column, Common requests |
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
1362 @section How can I modify the titlebar to contain the current file name? |
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
1363 @cindex Titlebar, displaying the current file name in |
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
1364 @cindex File name, displaying in the titlebar |
25474 | 1365 @cindex @code{frame-title-format} |
1366 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1367 The contents of an Emacs frame's titlebar is controlled by the variable |
25474 | 1368 @code{frame-title-format}, which has the same structure as the variable |
1369 @code{mode-line-format}. (Use @kbd{C-h v} or @kbd{M-x | |
1370 describe-variable} to get information about one or both of these | |
1371 variables.) | |
1372 | |
1373 By default, the titlebar for a frame does contain the name of the buffer | |
1374 currently being visited, except if there is a single frame. In such a | |
37530
d4b1acaf82b0
Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37447
diff
changeset
|
1375 case, the titlebar contains Emacs invocation name and the name of the |
d4b1acaf82b0
Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37447
diff
changeset
|
1376 machine at which Emacs was invoked. This is done by setting |
25474 | 1377 @code{frame-title-format} to the default value of |
1378 | |
1379 @lisp | |
1380 (multiple-frames "%b" ("" invocation-name "@@" system-name)) | |
1381 @end lisp | |
1382 | |
1383 To modify the behavior such that frame titlebars contain the buffer's | |
1384 name regardless of the number of existing frames, include the following | |
1385 in your @file{.emacs}: | |
1386 | |
1387 @lisp | |
1388 (setq frame-title-format "%b") | |
1389 @end lisp | |
1390 | |
36383
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
1391 @node Turning on abbrevs by default, Turning on auto-fill by default, Displaying the current file name in the titlebar, Common requests |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1392 @section How do I turn on abbrevs by default just in mode @var{mymode}? |
25474 | 1393 @cindex Abbrevs, turning on by default |
1394 | |
1395 Put this in your @file{.emacs} file: | |
1396 | |
1397 @lisp | |
1398 (condition-case () | |
1399 (quietly-read-abbrev-file) | |
1400 (file-error nil)) | |
1401 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1402 (add-hook '@var{mymode}-mode-hook |
28344
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
1403 (lambda () |
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
1404 (setq abbrev-mode t))) |
25474 | 1405 @end lisp |
1406 | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1407 Starting with Emacs 22, the standard abbrevs file is read automatically |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1408 at startup, so the first of these two forms becomes unnecessary. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1409 |
25474 | 1410 @node Turning on auto-fill by default, Associating modes with files, Turning on abbrevs by default, Common requests |
1411 @section How do I turn on @code{auto-fill-mode} by default? | |
1412 @cindex @code{auto-fill-mode}, activating automatically | |
1413 @cindex Filling automatically | |
1414 @cindex Automatic entry to @code{auto-fill-mode} | |
1415 | |
1416 To turn on @code{auto-fill-mode} just once for one buffer, use @kbd{M-x | |
1417 auto-fill-mode}. | |
1418 | |
1419 To turn it on for every buffer in a certain mode, you must use the hook | |
1420 for that mode. For example, to turn on @code{auto-fill} mode for all | |
1421 text buffers, including the following in your @file{.emacs} file: | |
1422 | |
1423 @lisp | |
1424 (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-auto-fill) | |
1425 @end lisp | |
1426 | |
1427 If you want @code{auto-fill} mode on in all major modes, do this: | |
1428 | |
1429 @lisp | |
1430 (setq-default auto-fill-function 'do-auto-fill) | |
1431 @end lisp | |
1432 | |
1433 @node Associating modes with files, Working with unprintable characters, Turning on auto-fill by default, Common requests | |
1434 @section How do I make Emacs use a certain major mode for certain files? | |
1435 @cindex Associating modes with files | |
1436 @cindex File extensions and modes | |
1437 @cindex @code{auto-mode-alist}, modifying | |
1438 @cindex Modes, associating with file extensions | |
1439 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1440 If you want to use a certain mode @var{foo} for all files whose names end |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1441 with the extension @file{.@var{bar}}, this will do it for you: |
25474 | 1442 |
1443 @lisp | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1444 (setq auto-mode-alist (cons '("\\.@var{bar}\\'" . @var{foo}-mode) auto-mode-alist)) |
25474 | 1445 @end lisp |
1446 | |
1447 Otherwise put this somewhere in the first line of any file you want to | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1448 edit in the mode @var{foo} (in the second line, if the first line begins |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1449 with @samp{#!}): |
25474 | 1450 |
1451 @example | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1452 -*- @var{foo} -*- |
25474 | 1453 @end example |
1454 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1455 @cindex Major mode for shell scripts |
25474 | 1456 Beginning with Emacs 19, the variable @code{interpreter-mode-alist} |
1457 specifies which mode to use when loading a shell script. (Emacs | |
1458 determines which interpreter you're using by examining the first line of | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1459 the script.) This feature only applies when the file name doesn't |
25474 | 1460 indicate which mode to use. Use @kbd{C-h v} (or @kbd{M-x |
1461 describe-variable}) on @code{interpreter-mode-alist} to learn more. | |
1462 | |
1463 @node Working with unprintable characters, Highlighting a region, Associating modes with files, Common requests | |
1464 @section How do I search for, delete, or replace unprintable (eight-bit or control) characters? | |
1465 @cindex Unprintable characters, working with | |
1466 @cindex Working with unprintable characters | |
1467 @cindex Control characters, working with | |
1468 @cindex Eight-bit characters, working with | |
1469 @cindex Searching for unprintable characters | |
1470 @cindex Regexps and unprintable characters | |
1471 | |
1472 To search for a single character that appears in the buffer as, for | |
1473 example, @samp{\237}, you can type @kbd{C-s C-q 2 3 7}. (This assumes | |
1474 the value of @code{search-quote-char} is 17 (i.e., @kbd{C-q}).) | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1475 Searching for @strong{all} unprintable characters is best done with a |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1476 regular expression (@dfn{regexp}) search. The easiest regexp to use for |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1477 the unprintable chars is the complement of the regexp for the printable |
25474 | 1478 chars. |
1479 | |
1480 @itemize @bullet | |
1481 | |
1482 @item | |
1483 Regexp for the printable chars: @samp{[\t\n\r\f -~]} | |
1484 | |
1485 @item | |
1486 Regexp for the unprintable chars: @samp{[^\t\n\r\f -~]} | |
1487 | |
1488 @end itemize | |
1489 | |
1490 To type these special characters in an interactive argument to | |
1491 @code{isearch-forward-regexp} or @code{re-search-forward}, you need to | |
1492 use @kbd{C-q}. (@samp{\t}, @samp{\n}, @samp{\r}, and @samp{\f} stand | |
1493 respectively for @key{TAB}, @key{LFD}, @key{RET}, and @kbd{C-l}.) So, | |
1494 to search for unprintable characters using @code{re-search-forward}: | |
1495 | |
1496 @kbd{M-x re-search-forward @key{RET} [^ @key{TAB} C-q @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~] @key{RET}} | |
1497 | |
1498 Using @code{isearch-forward-regexp}: | |
1499 | |
40705 | 1500 @kbd{C-M-s [^ @key{TAB} @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~]} |
25474 | 1501 |
1502 To delete all unprintable characters, simply use replace-regexp: | |
1503 | |
1504 @kbd{M-x replace-regexp @key{RET} [^ @key{TAB} C-q @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~] @key{RET} @key{RET}} | |
1505 | |
1506 Replacing is similar to the above. To replace all unprintable | |
1507 characters with a colon, use: | |
1508 | |
1509 M-x replace-regexp @key{RET} [^ @key{TAB} C-q @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~] @key{RET} : @key{RET} | |
1510 | |
1511 @itemize @bullet | |
1512 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1513 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1514 You don't need to quote @key{TAB} with either isearch or typing |
25474 | 1515 something in the minibuffer. |
1516 | |
1517 @end itemize | |
1518 | |
1519 @node Highlighting a region, Controlling case sensitivity, Working with unprintable characters, Common requests | |
1520 @section How can I highlight a region of text in Emacs? | |
1521 @cindex Highlighting text | |
1522 @cindex Text, highlighting | |
1523 @cindex @code{transient-mark-mode} | |
1524 @cindex Region, highlighting a | |
1525 | |
37530
d4b1acaf82b0
Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37447
diff
changeset
|
1526 You can cause the region to be highlighted when the mark is active by |
d4b1acaf82b0
Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37447
diff
changeset
|
1527 including |
25474 | 1528 |
1529 @lisp | |
1530 (transient-mark-mode t) | |
1531 @end lisp | |
1532 | |
37530
d4b1acaf82b0
Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37447
diff
changeset
|
1533 @noindent |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1534 in your @file{.emacs} file. (Also see @ref{Turning on syntax |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1535 highlighting}.) |
25474 | 1536 |
1537 @node Controlling case sensitivity, Wrapping words automatically, Highlighting a region, Common requests | |
1538 @section How do I control Emacs's case-sensitivity when searching/replacing? | |
1539 @cindex @code{case-fold-search} | |
1540 @cindex Case sensitivity of searches | |
1541 @cindex Searching without case sensitivity | |
1542 @cindex Ignoring case in searches | |
1543 | |
1544 For searching, the value of the variable @code{case-fold-search} | |
1545 determines whether they are case sensitive: | |
1546 | |
1547 @lisp | |
1548 (setq case-fold-search nil) ; make searches case sensitive | |
1549 (setq case-fold-search t) ; make searches case insensitive | |
1550 @end lisp | |
1551 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1552 @cindex Case sensitivity in replacements |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1553 @cindex Replacing, and case sensitivity |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1554 @cindex @code{case-replace} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1555 Similarly, for replacing, the variable @code{case-replace} determines |
25474 | 1556 whether replacements preserve case. |
1557 | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1558 You can also toggle case sensitivity at will in isearch with @kbd{M-c}. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1559 |
25474 | 1560 To change the case sensitivity just for one major mode, use the major |
1561 mode's hook. For example: | |
1562 | |
1563 @lisp | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1564 (add-hook '@var{foo}-mode-hook |
28344
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
1565 (lambda () |
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
1566 (setq case-fold-search nil))) |
25474 | 1567 @end lisp |
1568 | |
1569 @node Wrapping words automatically, Spell-checkers, Controlling case sensitivity, Common requests | |
1570 @section How do I make Emacs wrap words for me? | |
1571 @cindex Wrapping word automatically | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1572 @cindex Wrapping lines |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1573 @cindex Line wrap |
25474 | 1574 @cindex @code{auto-fill-mode}, introduction to |
1575 @cindex Maximum line width, default value | |
1576 @cindex @code{fill-column}, default value | |
1577 | |
1578 Use @code{auto-fill-mode}, activated by typing @kbd{M-x auto-fill-mode}. | |
1579 The default maximum line width is 70, determined by the variable | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1580 @code{fill-column}. To learn how to turn this on automatically, see |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1581 @ref{Turning on auto-fill by default}. |
25474 | 1582 |
1583 @node Spell-checkers, Checking TeX and *roff documents, Wrapping words automatically, Common requests | |
1584 @section Where can I get a better spelling checker for Emacs? | |
1585 @cindex Checking spelling | |
1586 @cindex Spelling, checking text documents | |
1587 | |
1588 Use Ispell. @xref{Ispell}. | |
1589 | |
1590 @node Checking TeX and *roff documents, Changing load-path, Spell-checkers, Common requests | |
1591 @section How can I spell-check @TeX{} or *roff documents? | |
1592 @cindex Spelling, checking @TeX{} documents | |
1593 @cindex @TeX{} documents, checking spelling in | |
1594 | |
1595 Use Ispell. Ispell can handle @TeX{} and *roff documents. | |
1596 @xref{Ispell}. | |
1597 | |
1598 @node Changing load-path, Using an already running Emacs process, Checking TeX and *roff documents, Common requests | |
1599 @section How do I change @code{load-path}? | |
1600 @cindex @code{load-path}, modifying | |
1601 @cindex Modifying @code{load-path} | |
1602 @cindex Adding to @code{load-path} | |
1603 | |
1604 In general, you should only add to the @code{load-path}. You can add | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1605 directory @var{/dir/subdir} to the load path like this: |
25474 | 1606 |
1607 @lisp | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1608 (setq load-path (cons "/dir/subdir/" load-path)) |
25474 | 1609 @end lisp |
1610 | |
1611 To do this relative to your home directory: | |
1612 | |
1613 @lisp | |
59402
7497bd0e03ee
(Changing load-path): Fix typo.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56833
diff
changeset
|
1614 (setq load-path (cons "~/mysubdir/" load-path)) |
25474 | 1615 @end lisp |
1616 | |
1617 @node Using an already running Emacs process, Compiler error messages, Changing load-path, Common requests | |
1618 @section How do I use an already running Emacs from another window? | |
1619 @cindex @code{emacsclient} | |
1620 @cindex Emacs server functions | |
1621 @cindex Using an existing Emacs process | |
1622 | |
1623 @code{emacsclient}, which comes with Emacs, is for editing a file using | |
1624 an already running Emacs rather than starting up a new Emacs. It does | |
1625 this by sending a request to the already running Emacs, which must be | |
1626 expecting the request. | |
1627 | |
1628 @itemize @bullet | |
1629 | |
1630 @item | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1631 Setup: |
25474 | 1632 |
1633 Emacs must have executed the @code{server-start} function for | |
1634 @samp{emacsclient} to work. This can be done either by a command line | |
1635 option: | |
1636 | |
1637 @example | |
1638 emacs -f server-start | |
1639 @end example | |
1640 | |
1641 or by invoking @code{server-start} from @file{.emacs}: | |
1642 | |
1643 @lisp | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1644 (if (@var{some conditions are met}) (server-start)) |
25474 | 1645 @end lisp |
1646 | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1647 When this is done, Emacs creates a Unix domain socket named |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1648 @file{server} in @file{/tmp/emacs@var{userid}}. See |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1649 @code{server-socket-dir}. |
25474 | 1650 |
1651 To get your news reader, mail reader, etc., to invoke | |
1652 @samp{emacsclient}, try setting the environment variable @code{EDITOR} | |
1653 (or sometimes @code{VISUAL}) to the value @samp{emacsclient}. You may | |
1654 have to specify the full pathname of the @samp{emacsclient} program | |
1655 instead. Examples: | |
1656 | |
1657 @example | |
1658 # csh commands: | |
1659 setenv EDITOR emacsclient | |
1660 | |
1661 # using full pathname | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1662 setenv EDITOR /usr/local/emacs/etc/emacsclient |
25474 | 1663 |
1664 # sh command: | |
1665 EDITOR=emacsclient ; export EDITOR | |
1666 @end example | |
1667 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1668 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1669 Normal use: |
25474 | 1670 |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1671 When @samp{emacsclient} is run, it connects to the socket and passes its |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1672 command line options to Emacs, which at the next opportunity will visit |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1673 the files specified. (Line numbers can be specified just like with |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1674 Emacs.) The user will have to switch to the Emacs window by hand. When |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1675 the user is done editing a file, the user can type @kbd{C-x #} (or |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1676 @kbd{M-x server-edit}) to indicate this. If there is another buffer |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1677 requested by @code{emacsclient}, Emacs will switch to it; otherwise |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1678 @code{emacsclient} will exit, signaling the calling program to continue. |
25474 | 1679 |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1680 @cindex @code{gnuserv} |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1681 There is an enhanced version of @samp{emacsclient} called |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1682 @samp{gnuserv}, written by @email{ange@@hplb.hpl.hp.com, Andy Norman} |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1683 (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). @samp{gnuserv} uses |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1684 Internet domain sockets, so it can work across most network connections. |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1685 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1686 The most recent @samp{gnuserv} package is available at |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1687 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1688 @uref{http://meltin.net/hacks/emacs/} |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1689 |
25474 | 1690 @end itemize |
1691 | |
1692 @node Compiler error messages, Indenting switch statements, Using an already running Emacs process, Common requests | |
1693 @section How do I make Emacs recognize my compiler's funny error messages? | |
1694 @cindex Compiler error messages, recognizing | |
1695 @cindex Recognizing non-standard compiler errors | |
1696 @cindex Regexps for recognizing compiler errors | |
1697 @cindex Errors, recognizing compiler | |
1698 | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1699 Customize the @code{compilation-error-regexp-alist} variable. |
25474 | 1700 |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1701 @node Indenting switch statements, Customizing C and C++ indentation, Compiler error messages, Common requests |
25474 | 1702 @section How do I change the indentation for @code{switch}? |
1703 @cindex @code{switch}, indenting | |
1704 @cindex Indenting of @code{switch} | |
1705 | |
1706 Many people want to indent their @code{switch} statements like this: | |
1707 | |
1708 @example | |
1709 f() | |
1710 @{ | |
1711 switch(x) @{ | |
1712 case A: | |
1713 x1; | |
1714 break; | |
1715 case B: | |
1716 x2; | |
1717 break; | |
1718 default: | |
1719 x3; | |
1720 @} | |
1721 @} | |
1722 @end example | |
1723 | |
1724 The solution at first appears to be: set @code{c-indent-level} to 4 and | |
1725 @code{c-label-offset} to -2. However, this will give you an indentation | |
1726 spacing of four instead of two. | |
1727 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1728 The @emph{real} solution is to use @code{cc-mode} (the default mode for |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1729 C programming in Emacs 20 and later) and add the following line to your |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1730 @file{.emacs}: |
25474 | 1731 |
1732 @lisp | |
1733 (c-set-offset 'case-label '+) | |
1734 @end lisp | |
1735 | |
1736 There appears to be no way to do this with the old @code{c-mode}. | |
1737 | |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1738 @node Customizing C and C++ indentation, Horizontal scrolling, Indenting switch statements, Common requests |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1739 @section How to customize indentation in C, C@t{++}, and Java buffers? |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1740 @cindex Indentation, how to customize |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1741 @cindex Customize indentation |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1742 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1743 The Emacs @code{cc-mode} features an interactive procedure for |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1744 customizing the indentation style, which is fully explained in the |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1745 @cite{CC Mode} manual that is part of the Emacs distribution, see |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1746 @ref{Customizing Indentation, , Customization Indentation, ccmode, |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1747 The CC Mode Manual}. Here's a short summary of the procedure: |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1748 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1749 @enumerate |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1750 @item |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1751 Go to the beginning of the first line where you don't like the |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1752 indentation and type @kbd{C-c C-o}. Emacs will prompt you for the |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1753 syntactic symbol; type @key{RET} to accept the default it suggests. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1754 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1755 @item |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1756 Emacs now prompts for the offset of this syntactic symbol, showing the |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1757 default (the current definition) inside parentheses. You can choose |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1758 one of these: |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1759 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1760 @table @code |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1761 @item 0 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1762 No extra indentation. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1763 @item + |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1764 Indent one basic offset. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1765 @item - |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1766 Outdent one basic offset. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
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|
1767 @item ++ |
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|
1768 Indent two basic offsets |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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parents:
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diff
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|
1769 @item -- |
cd1988377f17
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parents:
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|
1770 Outdent two basic offsets. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1771 @item * |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1772 Indent half basic offset. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1773 @item / |
37079
dc7cb733ffc7
Fix a typo in the last change.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1774 Outdent half basic offset. |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1775 @end table |
cd1988377f17
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1776 |
cd1988377f17
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1777 @item |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
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|
1778 After choosing one of these symbols, type @kbd{C-c C-q} to reindent |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
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|
1779 the line or the block according to what you just specified. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1780 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1781 @item |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1782 If you don't like the result, go back to step 1. Otherwise, add the |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
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|
1783 following line to your @file{.emacs}: |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1784 |
cd1988377f17
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
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|
1785 @lisp |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
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|
1786 (c-set-offset '@var{syntactic-symbol} @var{offset}) |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
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|
1787 @end lisp |
cd1988377f17
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1788 |
cd1988377f17
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1789 @noindent |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
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|
1790 where @var{syntactic-symbol} is the name Emacs shows in the minibuffer |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
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|
1791 when you type @kbd{C-c C-o} at the beginning of the line, and |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1792 @var{offset} is one of the indentation symbols listed above (@code{+}, |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
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changeset
|
1793 @code{/}, @code{0}, etc.) that you've chosen during the interactive |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
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|
1794 procedure. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1795 |
cd1988377f17
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
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|
1796 @item |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1797 Go to the next line whose indentation is not to your liking and repeat |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1798 the process there. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1799 @end enumerate |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1800 |
cd1988377f17
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parents:
36842
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|
1801 It is recommended to put all the resulting @code{(c-set-offset ...)} |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1802 customizations inside a C mode hook, like this: |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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parents:
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|
1803 |
cd1988377f17
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1804 @lisp |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
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|
1805 (defun my-c-mode-hook () |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
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|
1806 (c-set-offset ...) |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
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|
1807 (c-set-offset ...)) |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
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|
1808 (add-hook 'c-mode-hook 'my-c-mode-hook) |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1809 @end lisp |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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|
1810 |
cd1988377f17
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parents:
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|
1811 @noindent |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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parents:
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|
1812 Using @code{c-mode-hook} avoids the need to put a @w{@code{(require |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1813 'cc-mode)}} into your @file{.emacs} file, because @code{c-set-offset} |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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parents:
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|
1814 might be unavailable when @code{cc-mode} is not loaded. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1815 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1816 Note that @code{c-mode-hook} runs for C source files only; use |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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|
1817 @code{c++-mode-hook} for C@t{++} sources, @code{java-mode-hook} for |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1818 Java sources, etc. If you want the same customizations to be in |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1819 effect in @emph{all} languages supported by @code{cc-mode}, use |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
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|
1820 @code{c-mode-common-hook}. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1821 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1822 @node Horizontal scrolling, Overwrite mode, Customizing C and C++ indentation, Common requests |
25474 | 1823 @section How can I make Emacs automatically scroll horizontally? |
1824 @cindex @code{hscroll-mode} | |
1825 @cindex Horizontal scrolling | |
1826 @cindex Scrolling horizontally | |
1827 | |
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1828 In Emacs 21 and later, this is on by default: if the variable |
13240ff7920b
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|
1829 @code{truncate-lines} is non-@code{nil} in the current buffer, Emacs |
13240ff7920b
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|
1830 automatically scrolls the display horizontally when point moves off the |
13240ff7920b
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|
1831 left or right edge of the window. |
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|
1832 |
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|
1833 In Emacs 20, use the @code{hscroll-mode}. Here is some information from |
25474 | 1834 the documentation, available by typing @kbd{C-h f hscroll-mode @key{RET}}: |
1835 | |
1836 Automatically scroll horizontally when the point moves off the | |
49429
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Minor @code usage fix.
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|
1837 left or right edge of the window. |
25474 | 1838 |
1839 @itemize @minus | |
34741
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|
1840 @item |
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|
1841 Type @kbd{M-x hscroll-mode} to enable it in the current buffer. |
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|
1842 |
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|
1843 @item |
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|
1844 Type @kbd{M-x hscroll-global-mode} to enable it in every buffer. |
13240ff7920b
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|
1845 |
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|
1846 @item |
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|
1847 @code{turn-on-hscroll} is useful in mode hooks as in: |
25474 | 1848 |
1849 @lisp | |
1850 (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-hscroll) | |
1851 @end lisp | |
1852 | |
34741
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|
1853 @item |
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|
1854 @code{hscroll-margin} controls how close the cursor can get to the |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
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Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
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|
1855 edge of the window. |
25474 | 1856 |
34741
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|
1857 @item |
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|
1858 @code{hscroll-step-percent} controls how far to jump once we decide to do so. |
25474 | 1859 @end itemize |
1860 | |
1861 @node Overwrite mode, Turning off beeping, Horizontal scrolling, Common requests | |
56817
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1862 @section How do I make Emacs ``typeover'' or ``overwrite'' instead of inserting? |
25474 | 1863 @cindex @key{Insert} |
1864 @cindex @code{overwrite-mode} | |
1865 @cindex Overwriting existing text | |
1866 @cindex Toggling @code{overwrite-mode} | |
1867 | |
1868 @kbd{M-x overwrite-mode} (a minor mode). This toggles | |
1869 @code{overwrite-mode} on and off, so exiting from @code{overwrite-mode} | |
1870 is as easy as another @kbd{M-x overwrite-mode}. | |
1871 | |
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1872 On some systems, @key{Insert} toggles @code{overwrite-mode} on and off. |
25474 | 1873 |
1874 @node Turning off beeping, Turning the volume down, Overwrite mode, Common requests | |
1875 @section How do I stop Emacs from beeping on a terminal? | |
1876 @cindex Beeping, turning off | |
1877 @cindex Visible bell | |
1878 @cindex Bell, visible | |
1879 | |
1880 @email{martin@@cc.gatech.edu, Martin R. Frank} writes: | |
1881 | |
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1882 Tell Emacs to use the @dfn{visible bell} instead of the audible bell, |
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1883 and set the visible bell to nothing. |
25474 | 1884 |
1885 That is, put the following in your @code{TERMCAP} environment variable | |
1886 (assuming you have one): | |
1887 | |
1888 @example | |
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1889 ... :vb=: ... |
25474 | 1890 @end example |
1891 | |
1892 And evaluate the following Lisp form: | |
1893 | |
1894 @example | |
1895 (setq visible-bell t) | |
1896 @end example | |
1897 | |
1898 @node Turning the volume down, Automatic indentation, Turning off beeping, Common requests | |
35188
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1899 @section How do I turn down the bell volume in Emacs running under X? |
25474 | 1900 @cindex Bell, volume of |
1901 @cindex Volume of bell | |
1902 | |
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1903 On X Window system, you can adjust the bell volume and duration for all |
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1904 programs with the shell command @code{xset}. |
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|
1905 |
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|
1906 Invoking @code{xset} without any arguments produces some basic |
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1907 information, including the following: |
25474 | 1908 |
1909 @example | |
1910 usage: xset [-display host:dpy] option ... | |
1911 To turn bell off: | |
1912 -b b off b 0 | |
1913 To set bell volume, pitch and duration: | |
1914 b [vol [pitch [dur]]] b on | |
1915 @end example | |
1916 | |
1917 @node Automatic indentation, Matching parentheses, Turning the volume down, Common requests | |
1918 @section How do I tell Emacs to automatically indent a new line to the indentation of the previous line? | |
1919 @cindex Indenting new lines | |
1920 @cindex New lines, indenting of | |
1921 @cindex Previous line, indenting according to | |
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1922 @cindex Text indentation |
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1923 |
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1924 Such behavior is automatic in Emacs 20 and later. From the |
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1925 @file{etc/NEWS} file for Emacs 20.2: |
25474 | 1926 |
1927 @example | |
1928 ** In Text mode, now only blank lines separate paragraphs. This makes | |
1929 it possible to get the full benefit of Adaptive Fill mode in Text mode, | |
1930 and other modes derived from it (such as Mail mode). @key{TAB} in Text | |
1931 mode now runs the command @code{indent-relative}; this makes a practical | |
1932 difference only when you use indented paragraphs. | |
1933 | |
1934 As a result, the old Indented Text mode is now identical to Text mode, | |
1935 and is an alias for it. | |
1936 | |
1937 If you want spaces at the beginning of a line to start a paragraph, use | |
1938 the new mode, Paragraph Indent Text mode. | |
1939 @end example | |
1940 | |
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1941 @cindex Prefixing lines |
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|
1942 @cindex Fill prefix |
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|
1943 If you have @code{auto-fill-mode} turned on (@pxref{Turning on auto-fill |
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|
1944 by default}), you can tell Emacs to prefix every line with a certain |
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1945 character sequence, the @dfn{fill prefix}. Type the prefix at the |
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|
1946 beginning of a line, position point after it, and then type @kbd{C-x .} |
25474 | 1947 (@code{set-fill-prefix}) to set the fill prefix. Thereafter, |
1948 auto-filling will automatically put the fill prefix at the beginning of | |
1949 new lines, and @kbd{M-q} (@code{fill-paragraph}) will maintain any fill | |
1950 prefix when refilling the paragraph. | |
1951 | |
1952 If you have paragraphs with different levels of indentation, you will | |
1953 have to set the fill prefix to the correct value each time you move to a | |
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1954 new paragraph. There are many packages available to deal with this |
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|
1955 (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). Look for ``fill'' and |
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Update copyright and maintenance details.
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changeset
|
1956 ``indent'' keywords for guidance. |
25474 | 1957 |
1958 @node Matching parentheses, Hiding #ifdef lines, Automatic indentation, Common requests | |
1959 @section How do I show which parenthesis matches the one I'm looking at? | |
1960 @cindex Parentheses, matching | |
1961 @cindex @file{paren.el} | |
1962 @cindex Highlighting matching parentheses | |
1963 @cindex Pairs of parentheses, highlighting | |
1964 @cindex Matching parentheses | |
1965 | |
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parents:
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changeset
|
1966 Call @code{show-paren-mode} in your @file{.emacs} file: |
25474 | 1967 |
1968 @lisp | |
1969 (show-paren-mode 1) | |
1970 @end lisp | |
1971 | |
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Set VER to `22.1'.
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parents:
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changeset
|
1972 You can also enable this mode by selecting the @samp{Paren Match |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1973 Highlighting} option from the @samp{Options} menu of the Emacs menu bar |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1974 at the top of any Emacs frame. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
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changeset
|
1975 |
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Set VER to `22.1'.
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parents:
66325
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|
1976 Alternatives to this mode include: |
25474 | 1977 |
1978 @itemize @bullet | |
1979 | |
1980 @item | |
1981 If you're looking at a right parenthesis (or brace or bracket) you can | |
34741
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parents:
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|
1982 delete it and reinsert it. Emacs will momentarily move the cursor to |
13240ff7920b
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parents:
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|
1983 the matching parenthesis. |
25474 | 1984 |
1985 @item | |
40705 | 1986 @kbd{C-M-f} (@code{forward-sexp}) and @kbd{C-M-b} (@code{backward-sexp}) |
25474 | 1987 will skip over one set of balanced parentheses, so you can see which |
1988 parentheses match. (You can train it to skip over balanced brackets | |
34741
13240ff7920b
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1989 and braces at the same time by modifying the syntax table.) |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1990 |
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|
1991 @cindex Show matching paren as in @code{vi} |
25474 | 1992 @item |
1993 Here is some Emacs Lisp that will make the @key{%} key show the matching | |
34741
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1994 parenthesis, like in @code{vi}. In addition, if the cursor isn't over a |
25474 | 1995 parenthesis, it simply inserts a % like normal. |
1996 | |
1997 @lisp | |
1998 ;; By an unknown contributor | |
1999 | |
2000 (global-set-key "%" 'match-paren) | |
2001 | |
2002 (defun match-paren (arg) | |
2003 "Go to the matching paren if on a paren; otherwise insert %." | |
2004 (interactive "p") | |
2005 (cond ((looking-at "\\s\(") (forward-list 1) (backward-char 1)) | |
2006 ((looking-at "\\s\)") (forward-char 1) (backward-list 1)) | |
2007 (t (self-insert-command (or arg 1))))) | |
2008 @end lisp | |
2009 | |
2010 @end itemize | |
2011 | |
2012 @node Hiding #ifdef lines, Repeating commands, Matching parentheses, Common requests | |
2013 @section In C mode, can I show just the lines that will be left after @code{#ifdef} commands are handled by the compiler? | |
2014 @cindex @code{#ifdef}, selective display of | |
2015 @cindex @code{hide-ifdef-mode} | |
2016 @cindex Hiding @code{#ifdef} text | |
2017 @cindex Selectively displaying @code{#ifdef} code | |
2018 | |
2019 @kbd{M-x hide-ifdef-mode}. (This is a minor mode.) You might also want | |
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Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
2020 to investigate @file{cpp.el}, which is distributed with Emacs. |
25474 | 2021 |
2022 @node Repeating commands, Valid X resources, Hiding #ifdef lines, Common requests | |
2023 @section Is there an equivalent to the @code{.} (dot) command of vi? | |
34741
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parents:
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|
2024 @cindex Repeating commands as with @code{vi} |
25474 | 2025 @cindex Command, repeat last |
34741
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
2026 @cindex @code{.}, equivalent to @code{vi} command |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2027 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2028 (@code{.} is the redo command in @code{vi}. It redoes the last |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2029 insertion/deletion.) |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2030 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2031 As of Emacs 20.3, there is indeed a @code{repeat} command (@kbd{C-x z}) |
25474 | 2032 that repeats the last command. If you preface it with a prefix |
2033 argument, the prefix arg is applied to the command. | |
2034 | |
2035 You can also type @kbd{C-x @key{ESC} @key{ESC}} | |
2036 (@code{repeat-complex-command}) to reinvoke commands that used the | |
2037 minibuffer to get arguments. In @code{repeat-complex-command} you can | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2038 type @kbd{M-p} and @kbd{M-n} (and also up-arrow and down-arrow, if your |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2039 keyboard has these keys) to scan through all the different complex |
25474 | 2040 commands you've typed. |
2041 | |
2042 To repeat a set of commands, use keyboard macros. (@inforef{Keyboard | |
2043 Macros, Keyboard Macros, emacs}.) | |
2044 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2045 If you're really desperate for the @code{.} command, use VIPER, a |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2046 @code{vi} emulation mode which comes with Emacs, and which appears to |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2047 support it. (@xref{VIPER}.) |
25474 | 2048 |
2049 @node Valid X resources, Evaluating Emacs Lisp code, Repeating commands, Common requests | |
2050 @section What are the valid X resource settings (i.e., stuff in .Xdefaults)? | |
2051 @cindex Resources, X | |
2052 @cindex X resources | |
2053 @cindex Setting X resources | |
2054 | |
50475
b65aa1d740eb
Fix cross references.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
49429
diff
changeset
|
2055 @inforef{X Resources, X Resources, emacs}. |
25474 | 2056 |
2057 You can also use a resource editor, such as editres (for X11R5 and | |
2058 onwards), to look at the resource names for the menu bar, assuming Emacs | |
2059 was compiled with the X toolkit. | |
2060 | |
2061 @node Evaluating Emacs Lisp code, Changing the length of a Tab, Valid X resources, Common requests | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
2062 @section How do I execute (``evaluate'') a piece of Emacs Lisp code? |
25474 | 2063 @cindex Evaluating Lisp code |
2064 @cindex Lisp forms, evaluating | |
2065 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2066 There are a number of ways to execute (@dfn{evaluate}, in Lisp lingo) an |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2067 Emacs Lisp @dfn{form}: |
25474 | 2068 |
2069 @itemize @bullet | |
2070 | |
2071 @item | |
2072 If you want it evaluated every time you run Emacs, put it in a file | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2073 named @file{.emacs} in your home directory. This is known as ``your |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2074 @file{.emacs} file,'' and contains all of your personal customizations. |
25474 | 2075 |
2076 @item | |
2077 You can type the form in the @file{*scratch*} buffer, and then type | |
2078 @key{LFD} (or @kbd{C-j}) after it. The result of evaluating the form | |
2079 will be inserted in the buffer. | |
2080 | |
2081 @item | |
40705 | 2082 In @code{emacs-lisp-mode}, typing @kbd{C-M-x} evaluates a top-level form |
25474 | 2083 before or around point. |
2084 | |
2085 @item | |
2086 Typing @kbd{C-x C-e} in any buffer evaluates the Lisp form immediately | |
2087 before point and prints its value in the echo area. | |
2088 | |
2089 @item | |
2090 Typing @kbd{M-:} or @kbd{M-x eval-expression} allows you to type a Lisp | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2091 form in the minibuffer which will be evaluated once you press @key{RET}. |
25474 | 2092 |
2093 @item | |
2094 You can use @kbd{M-x load-file} to have Emacs evaluate all the Lisp | |
2095 forms in a file. (To do this from Lisp use the function @code{load} | |
2096 instead.) | |
2097 | |
2098 The functions @code{load-library}, @code{eval-region}, | |
2099 @code{eval-current-buffer}, @code{require}, and @code{autoload} are also | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2100 useful; see @ref{Emacs Lisp documentation}, if you want to learn more |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2101 about them. |
25474 | 2102 |
2103 @end itemize | |
2104 | |
2105 @node Changing the length of a Tab, Inserting > at the beginning of each line, Evaluating Emacs Lisp code, Common requests | |
2106 @section How do I change Emacs's idea of the @key{TAB} character's length? | |
2107 @cindex Tab length | |
2108 @cindex Length of tab character | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2109 @cindex @code{default-tab-width} |
25474 | 2110 |
2111 Set the variable @code{default-tab-width}. For example, to set | |
2112 @key{TAB} stops every 10 characters, insert the following in your | |
2113 @file{.emacs} file: | |
2114 | |
2115 @lisp | |
2116 (setq default-tab-width 10) | |
2117 @end lisp | |
2118 | |
2119 Do not confuse variable @code{tab-width} with variable | |
2120 @code{tab-stop-list}. The former is used for the display of literal | |
2121 @key{TAB} characters. The latter controls what characters are inserted | |
2122 when you press the @key{TAB} character in certain modes. | |
2123 | |
2124 @node Inserting > at the beginning of each line, Underlining paragraphs, Changing the length of a Tab, Common requests | |
2125 @section How do I insert @samp{>} at the beginning of every line? | |
2126 @cindex Prefix character, inserting in mail/news replies | |
2127 @cindex Replies to mail/news, inserting a prefix character | |
2128 @cindex @code{mail-yank-prefix} | |
2129 @cindex Mail replies, inserting a prefix character | |
2130 @cindex News replies, inserting a prefix character | |
2131 | |
2132 To do this to an entire buffer, type @kbd{M-< M-x replace-regexp | |
2133 @key{RET} ^ @key{RET} > @key{RET}}. | |
2134 | |
37447
0bc52782144f
Adapt to the change of string-rectangle back to 20.x behaviour.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
37079
diff
changeset
|
2135 To do this to a region, use @code{string-insert-rectangle}. |
25474 | 2136 Set the mark (@kbd{C-@key{SPC}}) at the beginning of the first line you |
2137 want to prefix, move the cursor to last line to be prefixed, and type | |
37447
0bc52782144f
Adapt to the change of string-rectangle back to 20.x behaviour.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
37079
diff
changeset
|
2138 @kbd{M-x string-insert-rectangle @key{RET}}. To do this for the whole |
0bc52782144f
Adapt to the change of string-rectangle back to 20.x behaviour.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
37079
diff
changeset
|
2139 buffer, type @kbd{C-x h M-x string-insert-rectangle @key{RET}}. |
25474 | 2140 |
2141 If you are trying to prefix a yanked mail message with @samp{>}, you | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2142 might want to set the variable @code{mail-yank-prefix}. Better yet, use |
25474 | 2143 the Supercite package (@pxref{Supercite}), which provides flexible |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2144 citation for yanked mail and news messages; it is included in Emacs |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2145 since version 19.20. @xref{Changing the included text prefix}, for |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2146 additional information. |
25474 | 2147 |
2148 @node Underlining paragraphs, Repeating a command as many times as possible, Inserting > at the beginning of each line, Common requests | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
2149 @section How do I insert @samp{_^H} before each character in a region to get an underlined paragraph? |
25474 | 2150 @cindex Underlining a region of text |
2151 @cindex @code{underline-region} | |
2152 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2153 Mark the region and then type @kbd{M-x underline-region @key{RET}}. |
25474 | 2154 |
2155 @node Repeating a command as many times as possible, Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column, Underlining paragraphs, Common requests | |
2156 @section How do I repeat a command as many times as possible? | |
34741
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Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2157 @cindex Repeating commands many times |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2158 @cindex Commands, repeating many times |
25474 | 2159 |
2160 Use @kbd{C-x (} and @kbd{C-x )} to make a keyboard macro that invokes | |
2161 the command and then type @kbd{M-0 C-x e}. | |
2162 | |
2163 Any messages your command prints in the echo area will be suppressed. | |
2164 | |
34741
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parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2165 If you need to repeat a command a small number of times, you can use |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2166 @kbd{C-x z} (@pxref{Repeating commands}) or @kbd{C-x e}. |
34741
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parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2167 |
25474 | 2168 @node Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column, Forcing Emacs to iconify itself, Repeating a command as many times as possible, Common requests |
2169 @section How do I make Emacs behave like this: when I go up or down, the cursor should stay in the same column even if the line is too short? | |
2170 @cindex @code{picture-mode} | |
2171 @cindex Remaining in the same column, regardless of contents | |
2172 @cindex Vertical movement in empty documents | |
2173 | |
2174 @kbd{M-x picture-mode}. | |
2175 | |
2176 @node Forcing Emacs to iconify itself, Using regular expressions, Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column, Common requests | |
2177 @section How do I tell Emacs to iconify itself? | |
35188
94d46968a93f
Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35061
diff
changeset
|
2178 @cindex Iconification under the X Window System |
94d46968a93f
Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35061
diff
changeset
|
2179 @cindex X Window System and iconification |
25474 | 2180 @cindex Suspending Emacs |
2181 | |
35188
94d46968a93f
Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35061
diff
changeset
|
2182 @kbd{C-z} iconifies Emacs when running under X and suspends Emacs |
50475
b65aa1d740eb
Fix cross references.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
49429
diff
changeset
|
2183 otherwise. @inforef{Frame Commands, Frame Commands, emacs}. |
25474 | 2184 |
2185 @node Using regular expressions, Replacing text across multiple files, Forcing Emacs to iconify itself, Common requests | |
2186 @section How do I use regexps (regular expressions) in Emacs? | |
2187 @cindex Regexps | |
2188 @cindex Regular expressions | |
2189 @cindex Differences between Unix and Emacs regexps | |
2190 @cindex Unix regeps, differences from Emacs | |
2191 @cindex Text strings, putting regexps in | |
2192 | |
64917
f9b024cc4772
(Using regular expressions): Fix xref.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64890
diff
changeset
|
2193 @inforef{Regexp Backslash, Regexp Backslash, emacs}. |
25474 | 2194 |
34741
13240ff7920b
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diff
changeset
|
2195 The @code{or} operator is @samp{\|}, not @samp{|}, and the grouping operators |
25474 | 2196 are @samp{\(} and @samp{\)}. Also, the string syntax for a backslash is |
2197 @samp{\\}. To specify a regular expression like @samp{xxx\(foo\|bar\)} | |
2198 in a Lisp string, use @samp{xxx\\(foo\\|bar\\)}. | |
2199 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
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parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2200 Note the doubled backslashes! |
25474 | 2201 |
2202 @itemize @bullet | |
2203 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2204 @item |
13240ff7920b
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parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2205 Unlike in Unix @file{grep}, @file{sed}, etc., a complement character set |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2206 (@samp{[^...]}) can match a newline character (@key{LFD} a.k.a.@: |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
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parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2207 @kbd{C-j} a.k.a.@: @samp{\n}), unless newline is mentioned as one of the |
25474 | 2208 characters not to match. |
2209 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
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diff
changeset
|
2210 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2211 The character syntax regexps (e.g., @samp{\sw}) are not |
25474 | 2212 meaningful inside character set regexps (e.g., @samp{[aeiou]}). (This |
2213 is actually typical for regexp syntax.) | |
2214 | |
2215 @end itemize | |
2216 | |
2217 @node Replacing text across multiple files, Documentation for etags, Using regular expressions, Common requests | |
2218 @section How do I perform a replace operation across more than one file? | |
2219 @cindex Replacing strings across files | |
2220 @cindex Multiple files, replacing across | |
2221 @cindex Files, replacing strings across multiple | |
2222 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2223 The ``tags'' feature of Emacs includes the command |
25474 | 2224 @code{tags-query-replace} which performs a query-replace across all the |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2225 files mentioned in the @file{TAGS} file. @inforef{Tags Search, Tags Search, |
25474 | 2226 emacs}. |
2227 | |
2228 As of Emacs 19.29, Dired mode (@kbd{M-x dired @key{RET}}, or @kbd{C-x | |
2229 d}) supports the command @code{dired-do-query-replace}, which allows | |
2230 users to replace regular expressions in multiple files. | |
2231 | |
2232 @node Documentation for etags, Disabling backups, Replacing text across multiple files, Common requests | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2233 @section Where is the documentation for @code{etags}? |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2234 @cindex Documentation for @code{etags} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2235 @cindex @code{etags}, documentation for |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2236 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2237 The @code{etags} man page should be in the same place as the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2238 @code{emacs} man page. |
25474 | 2239 |
2240 Quick command-line switch descriptions are also available. For example, | |
2241 @samp{etags -H}. | |
2242 | |
2243 @node Disabling backups, Disabling auto-save-mode, Documentation for etags, Common requests | |
2244 @section How do I disable backup files? | |
2245 @cindex Backups, disabling | |
2246 @cindex Disabling backups | |
2247 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2248 You probably don't want to do this, since backups are useful, especially |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2249 when something goes wrong. |
25474 | 2250 |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
2251 To avoid seeing backup files (and other ``uninteresting'' files) in Dired, |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2252 load @code{dired-x} by adding the following to your @file{.emacs} file: |
25474 | 2253 |
2254 @lisp | |
2255 (add-hook 'dired-load-hook | |
28344
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
2256 (lambda () |
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
2257 (load "dired-x"))) |
25474 | 2258 @end lisp |
2259 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2260 With @code{dired-x} loaded, @kbd{M-o} toggles omitting in each dired buffer. |
25474 | 2261 You can make omitting the default for new dired buffers by putting the |
2262 following in your @file{.emacs}: | |
2263 | |
2264 @lisp | |
30692
b2cc8b3e837e
(Disabling backups): Replace reference to
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
30009
diff
changeset
|
2265 (add-hook 'dired-mode-hook 'dired-omit-toggle) |
25474 | 2266 @end lisp |
2267 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2268 If you're tired of seeing backup files whenever you do an @samp{ls} at |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2269 the Unix shell, try GNU @code{ls} with the @samp{-B} option. GNU |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2270 @code{ls} is part of the GNU Fileutils package, available from |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2271 @samp{ftp.gnu.org} and its mirrors (@pxref{Current GNU distributions}). |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2272 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2273 To disable or change the way backups are made, @inforef{Backup Names, , |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2274 emacs}. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2275 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2276 @cindex Backup files in a single directory |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2277 Beginning with Emacs 21.1, you can control where Emacs puts backup files |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2278 by customizing the variable @code{backup-directory-alist}. This |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2279 variable's value specifies that files whose names match specific patters |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2280 should have their backups put in certain directories. A typical use is |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2281 to add the element @code{("." . @var{dir})} to force Emacs to put |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2282 @strong{all} backup files in the directory @file{dir}. |
25474 | 2283 |
36301
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2284 @node Disabling auto-save-mode, Going to a line by number, Disabling backups, Common requests |
25474 | 2285 @section How do I disable @code{auto-save-mode}? |
2286 @cindex Disabling @code{auto-save-mode} | |
2287 @cindex Auto-saving | |
2288 @cindex Saving at frequent intervals | |
2289 | |
2290 You probably don't want to do this, since auto-saving is useful, | |
2291 especially when Emacs or your computer crashes while you are editing a | |
2292 document. | |
2293 | |
2294 Instead, you might want to change the variable | |
2295 @code{auto-save-interval}, which specifies how many keystrokes Emacs | |
2296 waits before auto-saving. Increasing this value forces Emacs to wait | |
2297 longer between auto-saves, which might annoy you less. | |
2298 | |
2299 You might also want to look into Sebastian Kremer's @code{auto-save} | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
2300 package (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). This |
25474 | 2301 package also allows you to place all auto-save files in one directory, |
2302 such as @file{/tmp}. | |
2303 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2304 To disable or change how @code{auto-save-mode} works, @inforef{Auto |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2305 Save, , emacs}. |
25474 | 2306 |
36301
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2307 @node Going to a line by number, Modifying pull-down menus, Disabling auto-save-mode, Common requests |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2308 @section How can I go to a certain line given its number? |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2309 @cindex Going to a line by number |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2310 @cindex Compilation error messages |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2311 @cindex Recompilation |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2312 |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2313 Are you sure you indeed need to go to a line by its number? Perhaps all |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2314 you want is to display a line in your source file for which a compiler |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2315 printed an error message? If so, compiling from within Emacs using the |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2316 @kbd{M-x compile} and @kbd{M-x recompile} commands is a much more |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2317 effective way of doing that. Emacs automatically intercepts the compile |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2318 error messages, inserts them into a special buffer called |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2319 @code{*compilation*}, and lets you visit the locus of each message in |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2320 the source. Type @kbd{C-x `} to step through the offending lines one by |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2321 one (starting with Emacs 22, you can also use @kbd{M-g M-p} and |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2322 @kbd{M-g M-n} to go to the previous and next matches directly). Click |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2323 @kbd{Mouse-2} or press @key{RET} on a message text in the |
36301
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2324 @code{*compilation*} buffer to go to the line whose number is mentioned |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2325 in that message. |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2326 |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2327 But if you indeed need to go to a certain text line, type @kbd{M-g M-g} |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2328 (which is the default binding of the @code{goto-line} function starting |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2329 with Emacs 22). Emacs will prompt you for the number of the line and go |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2330 to that line. |
36301
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2331 |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2332 You can do this faster by invoking @code{goto-line} with a numeric |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2333 argument that is the line's number. For example, @kbd{C-u 286 M-g M-g} |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2334 will jump to line number 286 in the current buffer. |
36301
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2335 |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2336 @node Modifying pull-down menus, Deleting menus and menu options, Going to a line by number, Common requests |
25474 | 2337 @section How can I create or modify new pull-down menu options? |
2338 @cindex Pull-down menus, creating or modifying | |
2339 @cindex Menus, creating or modifying | |
2340 @cindex Creating new menu options | |
2341 @cindex Modifying pull-down menus | |
2342 @cindex Menus and keymaps | |
2343 @cindex Keymaps and menus | |
2344 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2345 Each menu title (e.g., @samp{File}, @samp{Edit}, @samp{Buffers}) |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2346 represents a local or global keymap. Selecting a menu title with the |
56279
b1ae5333057a
* ses.texi, viper.texi, search.texi, flymake.texi, faq.texi:
Jesper Harder <harder@ifa.au.dk>
parents:
55201
diff
changeset
|
2347 mouse displays that keymap's non-@code{nil} contents in the form of a menu. |
25474 | 2348 |
2349 So to add a menu option to an existing menu, all you have to do is add a | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2350 new definition to the appropriate keymap. Adding a @samp{Forward Word} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2351 item to the @samp{Edit} menu thus requires the following Lisp code: |
25474 | 2352 |
2353 @lisp | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2354 (define-key global-map |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2355 [menu-bar edit forward] |
25474 | 2356 '("Forward word" . forward-word)) |
2357 @end lisp | |
2358 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2359 @noindent |
25474 | 2360 The first line adds the entry to the global keymap, which includes |
2361 global menu bar entries. Replacing the reference to @code{global-map} | |
2362 with a local keymap would add this menu option only within a particular | |
2363 mode. | |
2364 | |
2365 The second line describes the path from the menu-bar to the new entry. | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2366 Placing this menu entry underneath the @samp{File} menu would mean |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2367 changing the word @code{edit} in the second line to @code{file}. |
25474 | 2368 |
2369 The third line is a cons cell whose first element is the title that will | |
2370 be displayed, and whose second element is the function that will be | |
2371 called when that menu option is invoked. | |
2372 | |
2373 To add a new menu, rather than a new option to an existing menu, we must | |
2374 define an entirely new keymap: | |
2375 | |
2376 @lisp | |
2377 (define-key global-map [menu-bar words] | |
2378 (cons "Words" (make-sparse-keymap "Words"))) | |
2379 @end lisp | |
2380 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2381 The above code creates a new sparse keymap, gives it the name |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2382 @samp{Words}, and attaches it to the global menu bar. Adding the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2383 @samp{Forward Word} item to this new menu would thus require the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2384 following code: |
25474 | 2385 |
2386 @lisp | |
2387 (define-key global-map | |
2388 [menu-bar words forward] | |
2389 '("Forward word" . forward-word)) | |
2390 @end lisp | |
2391 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2392 @noindent |
25474 | 2393 Note that because of the way keymaps work, menu options are displayed |
2394 with the more recently defined items at the top. Thus if you were to | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2395 define menu options @samp{foo}, @samp{bar}, and @samp{baz} (in that |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2396 order), the menu option @samp{baz} would appear at the top, and |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2397 @samp{foo} would be at the bottom. |
25474 | 2398 |
2399 One way to avoid this problem is to use the function @code{define-key-after}, | |
2400 which works the same as @code{define-key}, but lets you modify where items | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2401 appear. The following Lisp code would insert the @samp{Forward Word} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2402 item in the @samp{Edit} menu immediately following the @samp{Undo} item: |
25474 | 2403 |
2404 @lisp | |
2405 (define-key-after | |
2406 (lookup-key global-map [menu-bar edit]) | |
2407 [forward] | |
2408 '("Forward word" . forward-word) | |
2409 'undo) | |
2410 @end lisp | |
2411 | |
2412 Note how the second and third arguments to @code{define-key-after} are | |
2413 different from those of @code{define-key}, and that we have added a new | |
2414 (final) argument, the function after which our new key should be | |
2415 defined. | |
2416 | |
2417 To move a menu option from one position to another, simply evaluate | |
2418 @code{define-key-after} with the appropriate final argument. | |
2419 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2420 More detailed information---and more examples of how to create and |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2421 modify menu options---are in the @cite{Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}, under |
37530
d4b1acaf82b0
Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37447
diff
changeset
|
2422 ``Menu Keymaps''. (@xref{Emacs Lisp documentation}, for information on |
d4b1acaf82b0
Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37447
diff
changeset
|
2423 this manual.) |
25474 | 2424 |
2425 @node Deleting menus and menu options, Turning on syntax highlighting, Modifying pull-down menus, Common requests | |
2426 @section How do I delete menus and menu options? | |
2427 @cindex Deleting menus and menu options | |
2428 @cindex Menus, deleting | |
2429 | |
2430 The simplest way to remove a menu is to set its keymap to @samp{nil}. | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2431 For example, to delete the @samp{Words} menu (@pxref{Modifying pull-down |
25474 | 2432 menus}), use: |
2433 | |
2434 @lisp | |
2435 (define-key global-map [menu-bar words] nil) | |
2436 @end lisp | |
2437 | |
2438 Similarly, removing a menu option requires redefining a keymap entry to | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2439 @code{nil}. For example, to delete the @samp{Forward word} menu option |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2440 from the @samp{Edit} menu (we added it in @ref{Modifying pull-down |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2441 menus}), use: |
25474 | 2442 |
2443 @lisp | |
2444 (define-key global-map [menu-bar edit forward] nil) | |
2445 @end lisp | |
2446 | |
2447 @node Turning on syntax highlighting, Scrolling only one line, Deleting menus and menu options, Common requests | |
2448 @section How do I turn on syntax highlighting? | |
2449 @cindex Syntax highlighting | |
2450 @cindex @code{font-lock-mode} | |
2451 @cindex Highlighting based on syntax | |
2452 @cindex Colorizing text | |
2453 @cindex FAQ, @code{font-lock-mode} | |
2454 | |
2455 @code{font-lock-mode} is the standard way to have Emacs perform syntax | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2456 highlighting in the current buffer. It is enabled by default in Emacs |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2457 22.1 and later. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2458 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2459 With @code{font-lock-mode} turned on, different types of text will |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2460 appear in different colors. For instance, in a programming mode, |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2461 variables will appear in one face, keywords in a second, and comments in |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2462 a third. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2463 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2464 @cindex hilit19 is deprecated |
25474 | 2465 Earlier versions of Emacs supported hilit19, a similar package. Use of |
2466 hilit19 is now considered non-standard, although @file{hilit19.el} comes | |
2467 with the stock Emacs distribution. It is no longer maintained. | |
2468 | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2469 To turn @code{font-lock-mode} off within an existing buffer, use |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2470 @kbd{M-x font-lock-mode @key{RET}}. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2471 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2472 In Emacs 21 and earlier versions, you could use the following code in |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2473 your @file{.emacs} file to turn on @code{font-lock-mode} globally: |
25474 | 2474 |
2475 @lisp | |
2476 (global-font-lock-mode 1) | |
2477 @end lisp | |
2478 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2479 Highlighting a buffer with @code{font-lock-mode} can take quite a while, |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2480 and cause an annoying delay in display, so several features exist to |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2481 work around this. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2482 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2483 @cindex Just-In-Time syntax highlighting |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2484 In Emacs 21 and later, turning on @code{font-lock-mode} automatically |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2485 activates the new @dfn{Just-In-Time fontification} provided by |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2486 @code{jit-lock-mode}. @code{jit-lock-mode} defers the fontification of |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2487 portions of buffer until you actually need to see them, and can also |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2488 fontify while Emacs is idle. This makes display of the visible portion |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2489 of a buffer almost instantaneous. For details about customizing |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2490 @code{jit-lock-mode}, type @kbd{C-h f jit-lock-mode @key{RET}}. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2491 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2492 @cindex Levels of syntax highlighting |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2493 @cindex Decoration level, in @code{font-lock-mode} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2494 In versions of Emacs before 21, different levels of decoration are |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2495 available, from slight to gaudy. More decoration means you need to wait |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2496 more time for a buffer to be fontified (or a faster machine). To |
25474 | 2497 control how decorated your buffers should become, set the value of |
2498 @code{font-lock-maximum-decoration} in your @file{.emacs} file, with a | |
2499 @code{nil} value indicating default (usually minimum) decoration, and a | |
2500 @code{t} value indicating the maximum decoration. For the gaudiest | |
2501 possible look, then, include the line | |
2502 | |
2503 @lisp | |
2504 (setq font-lock-maximum-decoration t) | |
2505 @end lisp | |
2506 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2507 @noindent |
25474 | 2508 in your @file{.emacs} file. You can also set this variable such that |
2509 different modes are highlighted in a different ways; for more | |
2510 information, see the documentation for | |
2511 @code{font-lock-maximum-decoration} with @kbd{C-h v} (or @kbd{M-x | |
2512 describe-variable @key{RET}}). | |
2513 | |
2514 Also see the documentation for the function @code{font-lock-mode}, | |
2515 available by typing @kbd{C-h f font-lock-mode} (@kbd{M-x | |
2516 describe-function @key{RET} font-lock-mode @key{RET}}). | |
2517 | |
2518 To print buffers with the faces (i.e., colors and fonts) intact, use | |
2519 @kbd{M-x ps-print-buffer-with-faces} or @kbd{M-x | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2520 ps-print-region-with-faces}. You will need a way to send text to a |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2521 PostScript printer, or a PostScript interpreter such as Ghostscript; |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2522 consult the documentation of the variables @code{ps-printer-name}, |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2523 @code{ps-lpr-command}, and @code{ps-lpr-switches} for more details. |
25474 | 2524 |
2525 @node Scrolling only one line, Replacing highlighted text, Turning on syntax highlighting, Common requests | |
2526 @section How can I force Emacs to scroll only one line when I move past the bottom of the screen? | |
2527 @cindex Scrolling only one line | |
46918
82d113655734
Minor spelling and grammar corrections.
Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>
parents:
46655
diff
changeset
|
2528 @cindex Reducing the increment when scrolling |
25474 | 2529 |
67551
fe8f45a3c8a7
(Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67543
diff
changeset
|
2530 Customize the @code{scroll-conservatively} variable with @kbd{M-x |
fe8f45a3c8a7
(Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67543
diff
changeset
|
2531 customize-variable @key{RET} scroll-conservatively @key{RET}} and set it |
fe8f45a3c8a7
(Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67543
diff
changeset
|
2532 to a large value like, say, 10000. For an explanation of what this |
fe8f45a3c8a7
(Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67543
diff
changeset
|
2533 means, @inforef{Scrolling, Scrolling, emacs}. |
fe8f45a3c8a7
(Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67543
diff
changeset
|
2534 |
fe8f45a3c8a7
(Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67543
diff
changeset
|
2535 Alternatively, use the following Lisp form in your @file{.emacs}: |
25474 | 2536 |
2537 @lisp | |
67551
fe8f45a3c8a7
(Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67543
diff
changeset
|
2538 (setq scroll-conservatively most-positive-fixnum) |
25474 | 2539 @end lisp |
2540 | |
2541 @node Replacing highlighted text, Editing MS-DOS files, Scrolling only one line, Common requests | |
2542 @section How can I replace highlighted text with what I type? | |
2543 @cindex @code{delete-selection-mode} | |
2544 @cindex Replacing highlighted text | |
46918
82d113655734
Minor spelling and grammar corrections.
Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>
parents:
46655
diff
changeset
|
2545 @cindex Highlighting and replacing text |
25474 | 2546 |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2547 Use @code{delete-selection-mode}, which you can start automatically by |
25474 | 2548 placing the following Lisp form in your @file{.emacs} file: |
2549 | |
2550 @lisp | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2551 (delete-selection-mode 1) |
25474 | 2552 @end lisp |
2553 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2554 According to the documentation string for @code{delete-selection-mode} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2555 (which you can read using @kbd{M-x describe-function @key{RET} |
25474 | 2556 delete-selection-mode @key{RET}}): |
2557 | |
2558 @quotation | |
2559 When ON, typed text replaces the selection if the selection is active. | |
2560 When OFF, typed text is just inserted at point. | |
2561 @end quotation | |
2562 | |
2563 This mode also allows you to delete (not kill) the highlighted region by | |
2564 pressing @key{DEL}. | |
2565 | |
2566 @node Editing MS-DOS files, Filling paragraphs with a single space, Replacing highlighted text, Common requests | |
2567 @section How can I edit MS-DOS files using Emacs? | |
2568 @cindex Editing MS-DOS files | |
2569 @cindex MS-DOS files, editing | |
2570 @cindex Microsoft files, editing | |
2571 @cindex Windows files, editing | |
2572 | |
2573 As of Emacs 20, detection and handling of MS-DOS (and Windows) files is | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2574 performed transparently. You can open MS-DOS files on a Unix system, |
25474 | 2575 edit it, and save it without having to worry about the file format. |
2576 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2577 When editing an MS-DOS style file, the mode line will indicate that it |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2578 is a DOS file. On Unix and GNU/Linux systems, and also on a Macintosh, |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2579 the string @samp{(DOS)} will appear near the left edge of the mode line; |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2580 on DOS and Windows, where the DOS end-of-line (EOL) format is the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2581 default, a backslash (@samp{\}) will appear in the mode line. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2582 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2583 If you are running a version of Emacs before 20.1, get @code{crypt++} |
59996
aac0a33f5772
Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
59713
diff
changeset
|
2584 (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). Among other things, |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
2585 @code{crypt++} transparently modifies MS-DOS files as they are loaded |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
2586 and saved, allowing you to ignore the different conventions that Unix |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
2587 and MS-DOS have for delineating the end of a line. |
25474 | 2588 |
35651
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2589 @node Filling paragraphs with a single space, Escape sequences in shell output, Editing MS-DOS files, Common requests |
25474 | 2590 @section How can I tell Emacs to fill paragraphs with a single space after each period? |
2591 @cindex One space following periods | |
2592 @cindex Single space following periods | |
2593 @cindex Periods, one space following | |
2594 | |
67576
79100dce8a85
* faq.texi (Filling paragraphs with a single space): No need to
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
67551
diff
changeset
|
2595 Add the following line to your @file{.emacs} file: |
25474 | 2596 |
2597 @lisp | |
2598 (setq sentence-end-double-space nil) | |
2599 @end lisp | |
2600 | |
35651
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2601 @node Escape sequences in shell output, , Filling paragraphs with a single space, Common requests |
46655 | 2602 @section Why these strange escape sequences from @code{ls} from the Shell mode? |
35651
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2603 @cindex Escape sequences in @code{ls} output |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2604 @cindex @code{ls} in Shell mode |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2605 |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2606 This happens because @code{ls} is aliased to @samp{ls --color} in your |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2607 shell init file. You have two alternatives to solve this: |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2608 |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2609 @itemize @bullet |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2610 @item |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2611 Make the alias conditioned on the @code{EMACS} variable in the |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2612 environment. When Emacs runs a subsidiary shell, it exports the |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2613 @code{EMACS} variable with the value @code{t} to that shell. You can |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2614 unalias @code{ls} when that happens, thus limiting the alias to your |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2615 interactive sessions. |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2616 |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2617 @item |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2618 Install the @code{ansi-color} package (bundled with Emacs 21.1 and |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2619 later), which converts these ANSI escape sequences into colors. |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2620 @end itemize |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2621 |
25474 | 2622 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ |
2623 @node Bugs and problems, Compiling and installing Emacs, Common requests, Top | |
2624 @chapter Bugs and problems | |
2625 @cindex Bugs and problems | |
2626 | |
38687
14401c0b4b44
(Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37806
diff
changeset
|
2627 The Emacs manual lists some common kinds of trouble users could get |
14401c0b4b44
(Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37806
diff
changeset
|
2628 into, see @ref{Lossage, , Dealing with Emacs Trouble, emacs, The GNU |
14401c0b4b44
(Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37806
diff
changeset
|
2629 Emacs Manual}, so you might look there if the problem you encounter |
38770
4cbe0f799a15
(Bugs and problems): Fix wording.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38687
diff
changeset
|
2630 isn't described in this chapter. If you decide you've discovered a bug, |
4cbe0f799a15
(Bugs and problems): Fix wording.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38687
diff
changeset
|
2631 see @ref{Bugs, , Reporting Bugs, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}, for |
38687
14401c0b4b44
(Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37806
diff
changeset
|
2632 instructions how to do that. |
14401c0b4b44
(Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37806
diff
changeset
|
2633 |
14401c0b4b44
(Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37806
diff
changeset
|
2634 The file @file{etc/PROBLEMS} in the Emacs distribution lists various |
38770
4cbe0f799a15
(Bugs and problems): Fix wording.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38687
diff
changeset
|
2635 known problems with building and using Emacs on specific platforms; |
54478 | 2636 type @kbd{C-h C-e} to read it. |
38687
14401c0b4b44
(Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37806
diff
changeset
|
2637 |
25474 | 2638 @menu |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2639 * Problems with very large files:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2640 * ^M in the shell buffer:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2641 * Shell process exits abnormally:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2642 * Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2643 * Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2644 * Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2645 * Problems talking to certain hosts:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2646 * Errors with init files:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2647 * Emacs ignores X resources:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2648 * Emacs ignores frame parameters:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2649 * Emacs takes a long time to visit files:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2650 * Editing files with $ in the name:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2651 * Shell mode loses the current directory:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2652 * Security risks with Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2653 * Dired claims that no file is on this line:: |
25474 | 2654 @end menu |
2655 | |
2656 @node Problems with very large files, ^M in the shell buffer, Bugs and problems, Bugs and problems | |
2657 @section Does Emacs have problems with files larger than 8 megabytes? | |
2658 @cindex Very large files, opening | |
2659 @cindex Large files, opening | |
2660 @cindex Opening very large files | |
2661 @cindex Maximum file size | |
2662 @cindex Files, maximum size | |
2663 | |
2664 Old versions (i.e., anything before 19.29) of Emacs had problems editing | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2665 files larger than 8 megabytes. In versions 19.29 and later, the maximum |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2666 buffer size is at least 2^27-1, or 134,217,727 bytes, or 132 MBytes. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2667 And in Emacs 22, the maximum buffer size has been increased to |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2668 268,435,455 bytes (or 256 MBytes) on 32-bit machines. |
25474 | 2669 |
2670 @node ^M in the shell buffer, Shell process exits abnormally, Problems with very large files, Bugs and problems | |
2671 @section How do I get rid of @samp{^M} or echoed commands in my shell buffer? | |
2672 @cindex Shell buffer, echoed commands and @samp{^M} in | |
2673 @cindex Echoed commands in @code{shell-mode} | |
2674 | |
2675 Try typing @kbd{M-x shell-strip-ctrl-m @key{RET}} while in @code{shell-mode} to | |
2676 make them go away. If that doesn't work, you have several options: | |
2677 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2678 For @code{tcsh}, put this in your @file{.cshrc} (or @file{.tcshrc}) |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2679 file: |
25474 | 2680 |
2681 @example | |
2682 if ($?EMACS) then | |
2683 if ("$EMACS" == t) then | |
2684 if ($?tcsh) unset edit | |
2685 stty nl | |
2686 endif | |
2687 endif | |
2688 @end example | |
2689 | |
2690 Or put this in your @file{.emacs_tcsh} file: | |
2691 | |
2692 @example | |
2693 unset edit | |
2694 stty nl | |
2695 @end example | |
2696 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2697 Alternatively, use @code{csh} in your shell buffers instead of |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2698 @code{tcsh}. One way is: |
25474 | 2699 |
2700 @lisp | |
2701 (setq explicit-shell-file-name "/bin/csh") | |
2702 @end lisp | |
2703 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2704 @noindent |
25474 | 2705 and another is to do this in your @file{.cshrc} (or @file{.tcshrc}) |
2706 file: | |
2707 | |
2708 @example | |
2709 setenv ESHELL /bin/csh | |
2710 @end example | |
2711 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2712 @noindent |
25474 | 2713 (You must start Emacs over again with the environment variable properly |
2714 set for this to take effect.) | |
2715 | |
2716 You can also set the @code{ESHELL} environment variable in Emacs Lisp | |
2717 with the following Lisp form, | |
2718 | |
2719 @lisp | |
2720 (setenv "ESHELL" "/bin/csh") | |
2721 @end lisp | |
2722 | |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2723 The above solutions try to prevent the shell from producing the |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2724 @samp{^M} characters in the first place. If this is not possible |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2725 (e.g., if you use a Windows shell), you can get Emacs to remove these |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2726 characters from the buffer by adding this to your @file{.emacs} init |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2727 file: |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2728 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2729 @smalllisp |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2730 (add-hook 'comint-output-filter-functions 'shell-strip-ctrl-m) |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2731 @end smalllisp |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2732 |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2733 On a related note: if your shell is echoing your input line in the shell |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2734 buffer, you might want to customize the @code{comint-process-echoes} |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2735 variable in your shell buffers, or try the following command in your |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2736 shell start-up file: |
25474 | 2737 |
2738 @example | |
2739 stty -icrnl -onlcr -echo susp ^Z | |
2740 @end example | |
2741 | |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2742 @node Shell process exits abnormally, Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows, ^M in the shell buffer, Bugs and problems |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
2743 @section Why do I get ``Process shell exited abnormally with code 1''? |
25474 | 2744 @cindex Abnormal exits from @code{shell-mode} |
2745 @cindex @code{shell-mode} exits | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2746 @cindex Process shell exited |
25474 | 2747 |
2748 The most likely reason for this message is that the @samp{env} program | |
2749 is not properly installed. Compile this program for your architecture, | |
2750 and install it with @samp{a+x} permission in the architecture-dependent | |
2751 Emacs program directory. (You can find what this directory is at your | |
2752 site by inspecting the value of the variable @code{exec-directory} by | |
2753 typing @kbd{C-h v exec-directory @key{RET}}.) | |
2754 | |
2755 You should also check for other programs named @samp{env} in your path | |
2756 (e.g., SunOS has a program named @file{/usr/bin/env}). We don't | |
2757 understand why this can cause a failure and don't know a general | |
2758 solution for working around the problem in this case. | |
2759 | |
2760 The @samp{make clean} command will remove @samp{env} and other vital | |
2761 programs, so be careful when using it. | |
2762 | |
2763 It has been reported that this sometimes happened when Emacs was started | |
2764 as an X client from an xterm window (i.e., had a controlling tty) but the | |
2765 xterm was later terminated. | |
2766 | |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2767 See also @samp{PROBLEMS} (in the @file{etc} subdirectory of the |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2768 top-level directory when you unpack the Emacs source) for other |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2769 possible causes of this message. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2770 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2771 @node Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows, Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs, Shell process exits abnormally, Bugs and problems |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2772 @section Why do I get an error message when I try to run @kbd{M-x shell}? |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2773 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2774 @cindex Shell Mode, and MS-Windows |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2775 @cindex @code{explicit-shell-file-name} |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2776 On MS-Windows, this might happen because Emacs tries to look for the |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2777 shell in a wrong place. The default file name @file{/bin/sh} is |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2778 usually incorrect for non-Unix systems. If you know where your shell |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2779 executable is, set the variable @code{explicit-shell-file-name} in |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2780 your @file{.emacs} file to point to its full file name, like this: |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2781 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2782 @lisp |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2783 (setq explicit-shell-file-name "d:/shells/bash.exe") |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2784 @end lisp |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2785 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2786 If you don't know what shell does Emacs use, try the @kbd{M-!} |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2787 command; if that works, put the following line into your |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2788 @file{.emacs}: |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2789 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2790 @lisp |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2791 (setq explicit-shell-file-name shell-file-name) |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2792 @end lisp |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2793 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2794 @cindex Antivirus programs, and Shell Mode |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2795 Some people have trouble with Shell Mode because of intrusive |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2796 antivirus software; disabling the resident antivirus program solves |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2797 the problems in those cases. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2798 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2799 @node Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs, Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode, Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows, Bugs and problems |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
2800 @section Where is the termcap/terminfo entry for terminal type @samp{emacs}? |
25474 | 2801 @cindex Termcap |
2802 @cindex Terminfo | |
2803 @cindex Emacs entries for termcap/terminfo | |
2804 | |
2805 The termcap entry for terminal type @samp{emacs} is ordinarily put in | |
2806 the @samp{TERMCAP} environment variable of subshells. It may help in | |
2807 certain situations (e.g., using rlogin from shell buffer) to add an | |
2808 entry for @samp{emacs} to the system-wide termcap file. Here is a | |
2809 correct termcap entry for @samp{emacs}: | |
2810 | |
2811 @example | |
2812 emacs:tc=unknown: | |
2813 @end example | |
2814 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2815 To make a terminfo entry for @samp{emacs}, use @code{tic} or |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2816 @code{captoinfo}. You need to generate |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2817 @file{/usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs}. It may work to simply copy |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2818 @file{/usr/lib/terminfo/d/dumb} to @file{/usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs}. |
25474 | 2819 |
2820 Having a termcap/terminfo entry will not enable the use of full screen | |
2821 programs in shell buffers. Use @kbd{M-x terminal-emulator} for that | |
2822 instead. | |
2823 | |
2824 A workaround to the problem of missing termcap/terminfo entries is to | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2825 change terminal type @samp{emacs} to type @samp{dumb} or @samp{unknown} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2826 in your shell start up file. @code{csh} users could put this in their |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2827 @file{.cshrc} files: |
25474 | 2828 |
2829 @example | |
2830 if ("$term" == emacs) set term=dumb | |
2831 @end example | |
2832 | |
2833 @node Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode, Problems talking to certain hosts, Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs, Bugs and problems | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
2834 @section Why does Emacs spontaneously start displaying @samp{I-search:} and beeping? |
25474 | 2835 @cindex Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode |
2836 @cindex isearch-mode, spontaneous entry into | |
2837 @cindex Beeping without obvious reason | |
2838 | |
2839 Your terminal (or something between your terminal and the computer) is | |
2840 sending @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} for flow control, and Emacs is receiving | |
2841 these characters and interpreting them as commands. (The @kbd{C-s} | |
2842 character normally invokes the @code{isearch-forward} command.) For | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2843 possible solutions, see @ref{Handling C-s and C-q with flow control}. |
25474 | 2844 |
2845 @node Problems talking to certain hosts, Errors with init files, Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode, Bugs and problems | |
2846 @section Why can't Emacs talk to certain hosts (or certain hostnames)? | |
2847 @cindex Hosts, Emacs cannot talk to | |
2848 @cindex @code{gethostbyname}, problematic version | |
2849 | |
2850 The problem may be that Emacs is linked with a wimpier version of | |
2851 @code{gethostbyname} than the rest of the programs on the machine. This | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2852 is often manifested as a message on startup of ``X server not responding. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2853 Check your @samp{DISPLAY} environment variable.'' or a message of |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2854 ``Unknown host'' from @code{open-network-stream}. |
25474 | 2855 |
2856 On a Sun, this may be because Emacs had to be linked with the static C | |
2857 library. The version of @code{gethostbyname} in the static C library | |
2858 may only look in @file{/etc/hosts} and the NIS (YP) maps, while the | |
2859 version in the dynamic C library may be smart enough to check DNS in | |
2860 addition to or instead of NIS. On a Motorola Delta running System V | |
2861 R3.6, the version of @code{gethostbyname} in the standard library works, | |
2862 but the one that works with NIS doesn't (the one you get with -linet). | |
2863 Other operating systems have similar problems. | |
2864 | |
2865 Try these options: | |
2866 | |
2867 @itemize @bullet | |
2868 | |
2869 @item | |
2870 Explicitly add the host you want to communicate with to @file{/etc/hosts}. | |
2871 | |
2872 @item | |
2873 Relink Emacs with this line in @file{src/config.h}: | |
2874 | |
2875 @example | |
2876 #define LIBS_SYSTEM -lresolv | |
2877 @end example | |
2878 | |
2879 @item | |
2880 Replace @code{gethostbyname} and friends in @file{libc.a} with more | |
2881 useful versions such as the ones in @file{libresolv.a}. Then relink | |
2882 Emacs. | |
2883 | |
2884 @item | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2885 If you are actually running NIS, make sure that @code{ypbind} is |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2886 properly told to do DNS lookups with the correct command line switch. |
25474 | 2887 |
2888 @end itemize | |
2889 | |
2890 @node Errors with init files, Emacs ignores X resources, Problems talking to certain hosts, Bugs and problems | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
2891 @section Why does Emacs say @samp{Error in init file}? |
25474 | 2892 @cindex Error in @file{.emacs} |
2893 @cindex Error in init file | |
2894 @cindex Init file, errors in | |
2895 @cindex @file{.emacs} file, errors in | |
2896 @cindex Debugging @file{.emacs} file | |
2897 | |
2898 An error occurred while loading either your @file{.emacs} file or the | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2899 system-wide file @file{lisp/default.el}. Emacs 21.1 and later pops the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2900 @file{*Messages*} buffer, and puts there some additional information |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2901 about the error, to provide some hints for debugging. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2902 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2903 For information on how to debug your @file{.emacs} file, see |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2904 @ref{Debugging a customization file}. |
25474 | 2905 |
2906 It may be the case that you need to load some package first, or use a | |
2907 hook that will be evaluated after the package is loaded. A common case | |
2908 of this is explained in @ref{Terminal setup code works after Emacs has | |
2909 begun}. | |
2910 | |
36301
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2911 @node Emacs ignores X resources, Emacs ignores frame parameters, Errors with init files, Bugs and problems |
25474 | 2912 @section Why does Emacs ignore my X resources (my .Xdefaults file)? |
2913 @cindex X resources being ignored | |
2914 @cindex Ignored X resources | |
2915 @cindex @file{.Xdefaults} | |
2916 | |
2917 As of version 19, Emacs searches for X resources in the files specified | |
2918 by the following environment variables: | |
2919 | |
2920 @itemize @bullet | |
2921 | |
2922 @item @code{XFILESEARCHPATH} | |
2923 @item @code{XUSERFILESEARCHPATH} | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2924 @item @code{XAPPLRESDIR} |
25474 | 2925 |
2926 @end itemize | |
2927 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2928 This emulates the functionality provided by programs written using the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2929 Xt toolkit. |
25474 | 2930 |
2931 @code{XFILESEARCHPATH} and @code{XUSERFILESEARCHPATH} should be a list | |
2932 of file names separated by colons. @code{XAPPLRESDIR} should be a list | |
2933 of directory names separated by colons. | |
2934 | |
2935 Emacs searches for X resources: | |
2936 | |
2937 @enumerate | |
2938 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2939 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2940 specified on the command line, with the @samp{-xrm RESOURCESTRING} option, |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2941 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2942 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2943 then in the value of the @samp{XENVIRONMENT} environment variable, |
25474 | 2944 |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2945 @itemize @minus |
25474 | 2946 |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2947 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2948 or if that is unset, in the file named |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2949 @file{~/.Xdefaults-@var{hostname}} if it exists (where @var{hostname} is |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2950 the name of the machine Emacs is running on), |
25474 | 2951 |
2952 @end itemize | |
2953 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2954 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2955 then in the screen-specific and server-wide resource properties provided |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2956 by the server, |
25474 | 2957 |
2958 @itemize @minus | |
2959 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2960 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2961 or if those properties are unset, in the file named @file{~/.Xdefaults} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2962 if it exists, |
25474 | 2963 |
2964 @end itemize | |
2965 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2966 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2967 then in the files listed in @samp{XUSERFILESEARCHPATH}, |
25474 | 2968 |
2969 @itemize @minus | |
2970 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2971 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2972 or in files named @file{@var{lang}/Emacs} in directories listed in |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2973 @samp{XAPPLRESDIR} (where @var{lang} is the value of the @code{LANG} |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2974 environment variable), if the @samp{LANG} environment variable is set, |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2975 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2976 or in files named Emacs in the directories listed in @samp{XAPPLRESDIR} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2977 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2978 or in @file{~/@var{lang}/Emacs} (if the @code{LANG} environment variable |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2979 is set), |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2980 @item |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2981 or in @file{~/Emacs}, |
25474 | 2982 |
2983 @end itemize | |
2984 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2985 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2986 then in the files listed in @code{XFILESEARCHPATH}. |
25474 | 2987 |
2988 @end enumerate | |
2989 | |
36301
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2990 @node Emacs ignores frame parameters, Emacs takes a long time to visit files, Emacs ignores X resources, Bugs and problems |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2991 @section Why don't my customizations of the frame parameters work? |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2992 @cindex Frame parameters |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2993 |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2994 This probably happens because you have set the frame parameters in the |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2995 variable @code{initial-frame-alist}. That variable holds parameters |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2996 used only for the first frame created when Emacs starts. To customize |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2997 the parameters of all frames, change the variable |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2998 @code{default-frame-alist} instead. |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2999 |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3000 These two variables exist because many users customize the initial frame |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3001 in a special way. For example, you could determine the position and |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3002 size of the initial frame, but would like to control the geometry of the |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3003 other frames by individually positioning each one of them. |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3004 |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3005 |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3006 @node Emacs takes a long time to visit files, Editing files with $ in the name, Emacs ignores frame parameters, Bugs and problems |
25474 | 3007 @section Why does Emacs take 20 seconds to visit a file? |
3008 @cindex Visiting files takes a long time | |
3009 @cindex Delay when visiting files | |
3010 @cindex Files, take a long time to visit | |
3011 | |
3012 Old versions of Emacs (i.e., versions before Emacs 20.x) often | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3013 encountered this when the master lock file, @file{!!!SuperLock!!!}, has |
25474 | 3014 been left in the lock directory somehow. Delete it. |
3015 | |
3016 @email{meuer@@geom.umn.edu, Mark Meuer} says that NeXT NFS has a bug | |
3017 where an exclusive create succeeds but returns an error status. This | |
3018 can cause the same problem. Since Emacs's file locking doesn't work | |
3019 over NFS anyway, the best solution is to recompile Emacs with | |
3020 @code{CLASH_DETECTION} undefined. | |
3021 | |
3022 @node Editing files with $ in the name, Shell mode loses the current directory, Emacs takes a long time to visit files, Bugs and problems | |
3023 @section How do I edit a file with a @samp{$} in its name? | |
3024 @cindex Editing files with @samp{$} in the name | |
36383
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
3025 @cindex @samp{$} in file names |
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
3026 @cindex File names containing @samp{$}, editing |
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
3027 |
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
3028 When entering a file name in the minibuffer, Emacs will attempt to expand |
25474 | 3029 a @samp{$} followed by a word as an environment variable. To suppress |
3030 this behavior, type @kbd{$$} instead. | |
3031 | |
3032 @node Shell mode loses the current directory, Security risks with Emacs, Editing files with $ in the name, Bugs and problems | |
3033 @section Why does shell mode lose track of the shell's current directory? | |
3034 @cindex Current directory and @code{shell-mode} | |
3035 @cindex @code{shell-mode} and current directory | |
3036 @cindex Directory, current in @code{shell-mode} | |
3037 | |
3038 Emacs has no way of knowing when the shell actually changes its | |
3039 directory. This is an intrinsic limitation of Unix. So it tries to | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3040 guess by recognizing @samp{cd} commands. If you type @kbd{cd} followed |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3041 by a directory name with a variable reference (@kbd{cd $HOME/bin}) or |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3042 with a shell metacharacter (@kbd{cd ../lib*}), Emacs will fail to |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3043 correctly guess the shell's new current directory. A huge variety of |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3044 fixes and enhancements to shell mode for this problem have been written |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3045 to handle this problem (@pxref{Finding a package with particular |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3046 functionality}). |
25474 | 3047 |
3048 You can tell Emacs the shell's current directory with the command | |
3049 @kbd{M-x dirs}. | |
3050 | |
3051 @node Security risks with Emacs, Dired claims that no file is on this line, Shell mode loses the current directory, Bugs and problems | |
3052 @section Are there any security risks in Emacs? | |
3053 @cindex Security with Emacs | |
3054 @cindex @samp{movemail} and security | |
3055 @cindex @code{file-local-variable} and security | |
3056 @cindex Synthetic X events and security | |
3057 @cindex X events and security | |
3058 | |
3059 @itemize @bullet | |
3060 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3061 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3062 The @file{movemail} incident. (No, this is not a risk.) |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3063 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3064 In his book @cite{The Cuckoo's Egg}, Cliff Stoll describes this in |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3065 chapter 4. The site at LBL had installed the @file{/etc/movemail} |
25474 | 3066 program setuid root. (As of version 19, @file{movemail} is in your |
3067 architecture-specific directory; type @kbd{C-h v exec-directory | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3068 @key{RET}} to see what it is.) Since @code{movemail} had not been |
25474 | 3069 designed for this situation, a security hole was created and users could |
3070 get root privileges. | |
3071 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3072 @code{movemail} has since been changed so that this security hole will |
25474 | 3073 not exist, even if it is installed setuid root. However, |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3074 @code{movemail} no longer needs to be installed setuid root, which |
25474 | 3075 should eliminate this particular risk. |
3076 | |
3077 We have heard unverified reports that the 1988 Internet worm took | |
3078 advantage of this configuration problem. | |
3079 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3080 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3081 The @code{file-local-variable} feature. (Yes, a risk, but easy to |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3082 change.) |
25474 | 3083 |
3084 There is an Emacs feature that allows the setting of local values for | |
3085 variables when editing a file by including specially formatted text near | |
3086 the end of the file. This feature also includes the ability to have | |
3087 arbitrary Emacs Lisp code evaluated when the file is visited. | |
3088 Obviously, there is a potential for Trojan horses to exploit this | |
3089 feature. | |
3090 | |
3091 Emacs 18 allowed this feature by default; users could disable it by | |
56279
b1ae5333057a
* ses.texi, viper.texi, search.texi, flymake.texi, faq.texi:
Jesper Harder <harder@ifa.au.dk>
parents:
55201
diff
changeset
|
3092 setting the variable @code{inhibit-local-variables} to a non-@code{nil} value. |
25474 | 3093 |
3094 As of Emacs 19, Emacs has a list of local variables that create a | |
3095 security risk. If a file tries to set one of them, it asks the user to | |
3096 confirm whether the variables should be set. You can also tell Emacs | |
3097 whether to allow the evaluation of Emacs Lisp code found at the bottom | |
3098 of files by setting the variable @code{enable-local-eval}. | |
3099 | |
3100 For more information, @inforef{File Variables, File Variables, emacs}. | |
3101 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3102 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3103 Synthetic X events. (Yes, a risk; use @samp{MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1} or |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3104 better.) |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3105 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3106 Emacs accepts synthetic X events generated by the @code{SendEvent} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3107 request as though they were regular events. As a result, if you are |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3108 using the trivial host-based authentication, other users who can open X |
25474 | 3109 connections to your X workstation can make your Emacs process do |
3110 anything, including run other processes with your privileges. | |
3111 | |
3112 The only fix for this is to prevent other users from being able to open | |
3113 X connections. The standard way to prevent this is to use a real | |
3114 authentication mechanism, such as @samp{MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1}. If using | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3115 the @code{xauth} program has any effect, then you are probably using |
25474 | 3116 @samp{MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1}. Your site may be using a superior |
3117 authentication method; ask your system administrator. | |
3118 | |
3119 If real authentication is not a possibility, you may be satisfied by | |
3120 just allowing hosts access for brief intervals while you start your X | |
3121 programs, then removing the access. This reduces the risk somewhat by | |
3122 narrowing the time window when hostile users would have access, but | |
3123 @emph{does not eliminate the risk}. | |
3124 | |
35188
94d46968a93f
Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35061
diff
changeset
|
3125 On most computers running Unix and X, you enable and disable |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3126 access using the @code{xhost} command. To allow all hosts access to |
25474 | 3127 your X server, use |
3128 | |
3129 @example | |
3130 xhost + | |
3131 @end example | |
3132 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3133 @noindent |
25474 | 3134 at the shell prompt, which (on an HP machine, at least) produces the |
3135 following message: | |
3136 | |
3137 @example | |
3138 access control disabled, clients can connect from any host | |
3139 @end example | |
3140 | |
3141 To deny all hosts access to your X server (except those explicitly | |
3142 allowed by name), use | |
3143 | |
3144 @example | |
3145 xhost - | |
3146 @end example | |
3147 | |
3148 On the test HP computer, this command generated the following message: | |
3149 | |
3150 @example | |
3151 access control enabled, only authorized clients can connect | |
3152 @end example | |
3153 | |
3154 @end itemize | |
3155 | |
3156 @node Dired claims that no file is on this line, , Security risks with Emacs, Bugs and problems | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3157 @section Dired says, @samp{no file on this line} when I try to do something. |
25474 | 3158 @cindex Dired does not see a file |
3159 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3160 @c FIXME: I think this is fixed in Emacs 21, but I didn't have time to |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3161 @c check. |
25474 | 3162 Chances are you're using a localized version of Unix that doesn't use US |
3163 date format in dired listings. You can check this by looking at dired | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3164 listings or by typing @kbd{ls -l} to a shell and looking at the dates that |
25474 | 3165 come out. |
3166 | |
3167 Dired uses a regular expression to find the beginning of a file name. | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3168 In a long Unix-style directory listing (@samp{ls -l}), the file name |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3169 starts after the date. The regexp has thus been written to look for the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3170 date, the format of which can vary on non-US systems. |
25474 | 3171 |
3172 There are two approaches to solving this. The first one involves | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3173 setting things up so that @samp{ls -l} outputs US date format. This can |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3174 be done by setting the locale. See your OS manual for more information. |
25474 | 3175 |
3176 The second approach involves changing the regular expression used by | |
66325
fda96ff4c7e5
* files.el (directory-listing-before-filename-regexp): New
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
65041
diff
changeset
|
3177 dired, @code{directory-listing-before-filename-regexp}. |
25474 | 3178 |
3179 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ | |
3180 @node Compiling and installing Emacs, Finding Emacs and related packages, Bugs and problems, Top | |
3181 @chapter Compiling and installing Emacs | |
3182 @cindex Compiling and installing Emacs | |
3183 | |
3184 @menu | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3185 * Installing Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3186 * Updating Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3187 * Problems building Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3188 * Linking with -lX11 fails:: |
25474 | 3189 @end menu |
3190 | |
3191 @node Installing Emacs, Updating Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs | |
3192 @section How do I install Emacs? | |
3193 @cindex Installing Emacs | |
3194 @cindex Unix systems, installing Emacs on | |
3195 @cindex Downloading and installing Emacs | |
3196 @cindex Retrieving and installing Emacs | |
3197 @cindex Building Emacs from source | |
3198 @cindex Source code, building Emacs from | |
3199 @cindex Unpacking and installing Emacs | |
3200 | |
3201 This answer is meant for users of Unix and Unix-like systems. Users of | |
3202 other operating systems should see the series of questions beginning | |
3203 with @ref{Emacs for MS-DOS}, which describe where to get non-Unix source | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3204 and binaries, and how to install Emacs on those systems. |
25474 | 3205 |
3206 For Unix and Unix-like systems, the easiest way is often to compile it | |
3207 from scratch. You will need: | |
3208 | |
3209 @itemize @bullet | |
3210 | |
3211 @item | |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
3212 Emacs sources. @xref{Current GNU distributions}, for a list of ftp sites |
25474 | 3213 that make them available. On @file{ftp.gnu.org}, the main GNU |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3214 distribution site, sources are available as |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3215 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3216 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/emacs-@value{VER}.tar.gz} |
25474 | 3217 |
3218 The above will obviously change as new versions of Emacs come out. For | |
59996
aac0a33f5772
Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
59713
diff
changeset
|
3219 instance, when Emacs 22.42 is released, it will most probably be |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3220 available as |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3221 |
59996
aac0a33f5772
Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
59713
diff
changeset
|
3222 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/emacs-22.42.tar.gz} |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3223 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3224 Again, you should use one of the GNU mirror sites (see @ref{Current GNU |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
3225 distributions}, and adjust the URL accordingly) so as to reduce load on |
25474 | 3226 @file{ftp.gnu.org}. |
3227 | |
3228 @item | |
3229 @code{gzip}, the GNU compression utility. You can get @code{gzip} via | |
3230 anonymous ftp at mirrors of @file{ftp.gnu.org} sites; it should compile | |
3231 and install without much trouble on most systems. Once you have | |
3232 retrieved the Emacs sources, you will probably be able to uncompress | |
3233 them with the command | |
3234 | |
3235 @example | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3236 gunzip --verbose emacs-@value{VER}.tar.gz |
25474 | 3237 @end example |
3238 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3239 @noindent |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3240 changing the Emacs version (@value{VER}), as necessary. Once |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3241 @code{gunzip} has finished doing its job, a file by the name of |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3242 @file{emacs-@value{VER}.tar} should be in your build directory. |
25474 | 3243 |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3244 @item |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3245 @code{tar}, the @dfn{tape archiving} program, which moves multiple files |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3246 into and out of archive files, or @dfn{tarfiles}. All of the files |
25474 | 3247 comprising the Emacs source come in a single tarfile, and must be |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3248 extracted using @code{tar} before you can build Emacs. Typically, the |
25474 | 3249 extraction command would look like |
3250 | |
3251 @example | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3252 tar -xvvf emacs-@value{VER}.tar |
25474 | 3253 @end example |
3254 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3255 @noindent |
25474 | 3256 The @samp{x} indicates that we want to extract files from this tarfile, |
3257 the two @samp{v}s force verbose output, and the @samp{f} tells | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3258 @code{tar} to use a disk file, rather than one on the tape drive. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3259 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3260 If you're using GNU @code{tar} (available at mirrors of |
25474 | 3261 @file{ftp.gnu.org}), you can combine this step and the previous one by |
3262 using the command | |
3263 | |
3264 @example | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3265 tar -zxvvf emacs-@value{VER}.tar.gz |
25474 | 3266 @end example |
3267 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3268 @noindent |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3269 The additional @samp{z} at the beginning of the options list tells GNU |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3270 @code{tar} to uncompress the file with @code{gunzip} before extracting |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3271 the tarfile's components. |
25474 | 3272 |
3273 @end itemize | |
3274 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3275 At this point, the Emacs sources (all 70+ megabytes of them) should be |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3276 sitting in a directory called @file{emacs-@value{VER}}. On most common |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3277 Unix and Unix-like systems, you should be able to compile Emacs (with X |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3278 Window system support) with the following commands: |
25474 | 3279 |
3280 @example | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3281 cd emacs-@value{VER} # change directory to emacs-@value{VER} |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3282 ./configure # configure Emacs for your particular system |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3283 make # use Makefile to build components, then Emacs |
25474 | 3284 @end example |
3285 | |
3286 If the @code{make} completes successfully, the odds are fairly good that | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3287 the build has gone well. (@xref{Problems building Emacs}, if you weren't |
25474 | 3288 successful.) |
3289 | |
3290 By default, Emacs is installed in the following directories: | |
3291 | |
3292 @table @file | |
3293 @item /usr/local/bin | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3294 binaries. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3295 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3296 @item /usr/local/share/emacs/@value{VER} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3297 Lisp code and support files. |
25474 | 3298 |
3299 @item /usr/local/info | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3300 Info documentation. |
25474 | 3301 @end table |
3302 | |
3303 To install files in those default directories, become the superuser and | |
3304 type | |
3305 | |
3306 @example | |
3307 make install | |
3308 @end example | |
3309 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3310 Note that @samp{make install} will overwrite @file{/usr/local/bin/emacs} |
25474 | 3311 and any Emacs Info files that might be in @file{/usr/local/info}. |
3312 | |
3313 Much more verbose instructions (with many more hints and suggestions) | |
3314 come with the Emacs sources, in the file @file{INSTALL}. | |
3315 | |
3316 @node Updating Emacs, Problems building Emacs, Installing Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs | |
3317 @section How do I update Emacs to the latest version? | |
3318 @cindex Updating Emacs | |
3319 | |
3320 @xref{Installing Emacs}, and follow the instructions there for | |
3321 installation. | |
3322 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3323 Most files are placed in version-specific directories. Emacs |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3324 @value{VER}, for instance, places files in |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3325 @file{/usr/local/share/emacs/@value{VER}}. |
25474 | 3326 |
3327 Upgrading should overwrite only, @file{/usr/local/bin/emacs} (the Emacs | |
3328 binary) and documentation in @file{/usr/local/info}. Back up these | |
3329 files before you upgrade, and you shouldn't have too much trouble. | |
3330 | |
3331 @node Problems building Emacs, Linking with -lX11 fails, Updating Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs | |
3332 @section What should I do if I have trouble building Emacs? | |
3333 @cindex Problems building Emacs | |
3334 @cindex Errors when building Emacs | |
3335 | |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3336 First look in the file @file{etc/PROBLEMS} (where you unpack the Emacs |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3337 source) to see if there is already a solution for your problem. Next, |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3338 look for other questions in this FAQ that have to do with Emacs |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3339 installation and compilation problems. |
25474 | 3340 |
3341 If you'd like to have someone look at your problem and help solve it, | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3342 see @ref{Help installing Emacs}. |
25474 | 3343 |
3344 If you cannot find a solution in the documentation, send a message to | |
3345 @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org}. | |
3346 | |
37806 | 3347 Please don't post it to @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help} or send e-mail to |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3348 @email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org}. For further guidelines, see |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3349 @ref{Guidelines for newsgroup postings} and @ref{Reporting bugs}. |
25474 | 3350 |
3351 @node Linking with -lX11 fails, , Problems building Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs | |
3352 @section Why does linking Emacs with -lX11 fail? | |
3353 @cindex Linking with -lX11 fails | |
3354 @cindex lX11, linking fails with | |
3355 | |
3356 Emacs needs to be linked with the static version of the X11 library, | |
3357 @file{libX11.a}. This may be missing. | |
3358 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3359 On OpenWindows, you may need to use @code{add_services} to add the |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3360 ``OpenWindows Programmers'' optional software category from the CD-ROM. |
25474 | 3361 |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3362 On HP-UX 8.0, you may need to run @code{update} again to load the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3363 X11-PRG ``fileset''. This may be missing even if you specified ``all |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3364 filesets'' the first time. If @file{libcurses.a} is missing, you may |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3365 need to load the ``Berkeley Development Option.'' |
25474 | 3366 |
3367 @email{zoo@@armadillo.com, David Zuhn} says that MIT X builds shared | |
3368 libraries by default, and only shared libraries, on those platforms that | |
3369 support them. These shared libraries can't be used when undumping | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3370 @code{temacs} (the last stage of the Emacs build process). To get |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3371 regular libraries in addition to shared libraries, add this to |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3372 @file{site.cf}: |
25474 | 3373 |
3374 @example | |
3375 #define ForceNormalLib YES | |
3376 @end example | |
3377 | |
3378 Other systems may have similar problems. You can always define | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3379 @code{CANNOT_DUMP} and link with the shared libraries instead. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3380 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3381 @cindex X Menus don't work |
25474 | 3382 To get the Xmenu stuff to work, you need to find a copy of MIT's |
3383 @file{liboldX.a}. | |
3384 | |
3385 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ | |
3386 @node Finding Emacs and related packages, Major packages and programs, Compiling and installing Emacs, Top | |
3387 @chapter Finding Emacs and related packages | |
3388 @cindex Finding Emacs and related packages | |
3389 | |
3390 @menu | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3391 * Finding Emacs on the Internet:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3392 * Finding a package with particular functionality:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3393 * Packages that do not come with Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3394 * Current GNU distributions:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3395 * Difference between Emacs and XEmacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3396 * Emacs for MS-DOS:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3397 * Emacs for Windows:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3398 * Emacs for OS/2:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3399 * Emacs for Atari ST:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3400 * Emacs for the Amiga :: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3401 * Emacs for NeXTSTEP:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3402 * Emacs for Apple computers:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3403 * Emacs for VMS and DECwindows:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3404 * Modes for various languages:: |
25474 | 3405 @end menu |
3406 | |
3407 @node Finding Emacs on the Internet, Finding a package with particular functionality, Finding Emacs and related packages, Finding Emacs and related packages | |
3408 @section Where can I get Emacs on the net (or by snail mail)? | |
3409 @cindex Finding Emacs on the Internet | |
3410 @cindex Snail mail, ordering Emacs via | |
3411 @cindex Postal service, ordering Emacs via | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3412 @cindex Distribution, retrieving Emacs |
46918
82d113655734
Minor spelling and grammar corrections.
Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>
parents:
46655
diff
changeset
|
3413 @cindex Internet, retrieving from |
25474 | 3414 |
51449
352a8000c437
Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50954
diff
changeset
|
3415 Look in the files @file{etc/DISTRIB} and @file{etc/FTP} for |
352a8000c437
Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50954
diff
changeset
|
3416 information on nearby archive sites. If you don't already have Emacs, |
352a8000c437
Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50954
diff
changeset
|
3417 see @ref{Informational files for Emacs}, for how to get these files. |
25474 | 3418 |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
3419 @xref{Installing Emacs}, for information on how to obtain and build the latest |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3420 version of Emacs, and see @ref{Current GNU distributions}, for a list of |
25474 | 3421 archive sites that make GNU software available. |
3422 | |
3423 @node Finding a package with particular functionality, Packages that do not come with Emacs, Finding Emacs on the Internet, Finding Emacs and related packages | |
3424 @section How do I find a Emacs Lisp package that does XXX? | |
3425 @cindex Package, finding | |
3426 @cindex Finding an Emacs Lisp package | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3427 @cindex Functionality, finding a particular package |
25474 | 3428 |
3429 First of all, you should check to make sure that the package isn't | |
3430 already available. For example, typing @kbd{M-x apropos @key{RET} | |
3431 wordstar @key{RET}} lists all functions and variables containing the | |
3432 string @samp{wordstar}. | |
3433 | |
3434 It is also possible that the package is on your system, but has not been | |
3435 loaded. To see which packages are available for loading, look through | |
36383
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
3436 your computer's lisp directory (@pxref{File-name conventions}). The Lisp |
36344
6c3540ec3c12
(Finding a package with particular functionality):
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
36301
diff
changeset
|
3437 source to most packages contains a short description of how they |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3438 should be loaded, invoked, and configured---so before you use or |
25474 | 3439 modify a Lisp package, see if the author has provided any hints in the |
3440 source code. | |
3441 | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3442 The command @kbd{C-h p} (@code{finder-by-keyword}) allows you to browse |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3443 the constituent Emacs packages. |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3444 |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3445 For advice on how to find extra packages that are not part of Emacs, |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3446 see @ref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}. |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3447 |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3448 @node Packages that do not come with Emacs, Current GNU distributions, Finding a package with particular functionality, Finding Emacs and related packages |
25474 | 3449 @section Where can I get Emacs Lisp packages that don't come with Emacs? |
3450 @cindex Unbundled packages | |
3451 @cindex Finding other packages | |
3452 @cindex Lisp packages that do not come with Emacs | |
3453 @cindex Packages, those that do not come with Emacs | |
50791
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3454 @cindex Emacs Lisp List |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3455 @cindex Emacs Lisp Archive |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3456 |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3457 @uref{http://www.anc.ed.ac.uk/~stephen/emacs/ell.html, The Emacs Lisp |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3458 List (ELL)}, maintained by @email{stephen@@anc.ed.ac.uk, Stephen Eglen}, |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3459 aims to provide one compact list with links to all of the current Emacs |
55201 | 3460 Lisp files on the internet. The ELL can be browsed over the web, or |
59996
aac0a33f5772
Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
59713
diff
changeset
|
3461 from Emacs with @uref{http://www.anc.ed.ac.uk/~stephen/emacs/ell.el, |
50791
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3462 the @file{ell} package}. |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3463 |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3464 Many authors post their packages to the @uref{news:gnu.emacs.sources, |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3465 Emacs sources newsgroup}. You can search the archives of this |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3466 group with @uref{http://groups.google.com, Google}, for example. |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3467 |
50791
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3468 Several packages are stored in |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3469 @uref{http://emacswiki.org/elisp/, the Lisp area of the Emacs Wiki}. |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3470 |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3471 For a long time, the Emacs Lisp Archive provided a central repository |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3472 for Emacs packages. Sadly, it has not been active for some time, |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3473 although you can still access the old files at |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3474 |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3475 @uref{ftp://ftp.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/emacs-lisp/WWW/index.html} |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3476 |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3477 @node Current GNU distributions, Difference between Emacs and XEmacs, Packages that do not come with Emacs, Finding Emacs and related packages |
25474 | 3478 @section Where can I get other up-to-date GNU stuff? |
3479 @cindex Current GNU distributions | |
3480 @cindex Sources for current GNU distributions | |
3481 @cindex Stuff, current GNU | |
3482 @cindex Up-to-date GNU stuff | |
3483 @cindex Finding current GNU software | |
3484 @cindex Official GNU software sites | |
3485 | |
3486 The most up-to-date official GNU software is normally kept at | |
3487 | |
3488 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu} | |
3489 | |
3490 Read the files @file{etc/DISTRIB} and @file{etc/FTP} for more | |
3491 information. | |
3492 | |
3493 A list of sites mirroring @samp{ftp.gnu.org} can be found at | |
3494 | |
3495 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/ftp.html} | |
3496 | |
3497 @node Difference between Emacs and XEmacs, Emacs for MS-DOS, Current GNU distributions, Finding Emacs and related packages | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3498 @section What is the difference between Emacs and XEmacs (formerly Lucid Emacs)? |
25474 | 3499 @cindex XEmacs |
3500 @cindex Difference Emacs and XEmacs | |
3501 @cindex Lucid Emacs | |
3502 @cindex Epoch | |
3503 | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3504 XEmacs is a branch version of Emacs. It was first called Lucid Emacs, |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3505 and was initially derived from a prerelease version of Emacs 19. In |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3506 this FAQ, we use the name ``Emacs'' only for the official version. |
56795
8dc694fe14f2
(Difference between Emacs and XEmacs): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56757
diff
changeset
|
3507 |
8dc694fe14f2
(Difference between Emacs and XEmacs): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56757
diff
changeset
|
3508 Emacs and XEmacs each come with Lisp packages that are lacking in the |
8dc694fe14f2
(Difference between Emacs and XEmacs): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56757
diff
changeset
|
3509 other. The two versions have some significant differences at the Lisp |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3510 programming level. Their current features are roughly comparable, |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3511 though the support for some operating systems, character sets and |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3512 specific packages might be quite different. |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3513 |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3514 Some XEmacs code has been contributed to Emacs, and we would like to |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3515 use other parts, but the earlier XEmacs maintainers did not always |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3516 keep track of the authors of contributed code, which makes it |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3517 impossible for the FSF to get copyright papers signed for that code. |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3518 (The FSF requires these papers for all the code included in the Emacs |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3519 release, aside from generic C support packages that retain their |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3520 separate identity and are not integrated into the code of Emacs |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3521 proper.) |
56802
f306b2e60578
(Difference between Emacs and XEmacs):
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56795
diff
changeset
|
3522 |
f306b2e60578
(Difference between Emacs and XEmacs):
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56795
diff
changeset
|
3523 If you want to talk about these two versions and distinguish them, |
f306b2e60578
(Difference between Emacs and XEmacs):
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56795
diff
changeset
|
3524 please call them ``Emacs'' and ``XEmacs.'' To contrast ``XEmacs'' |
f306b2e60578
(Difference between Emacs and XEmacs):
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56795
diff
changeset
|
3525 with ``GNU Emacs'' would be misleading, since XEmacs too has its |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3526 origin in the work of the GNU Project. Terms such as ``Emacsen'' and |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3527 ``(X)Emacs'' are not wrong, but they are not very clear, so it |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3528 is better to write ``Emacs and XEmacs.'' |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3529 |
25474 | 3530 @node Emacs for MS-DOS, Emacs for Windows, Difference between Emacs and XEmacs, Finding Emacs and related packages |
3531 @section Where can I get Emacs for my PC running MS-DOS? | |
3532 @cindex MS-DOS, Emacs for | |
3533 @cindex DOS, Emacs for | |
3534 @cindex Compiling Emacs for DOS | |
3535 @cindex Emacs for MS-DOS | |
3536 @cindex Tools needed to compile Emacs under DOS | |
3537 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3538 A pre-built binary distribution of Emacs is available from the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3539 SimTel.NET archives. This version apparently works under MS-DOS and |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3540 Windows (3.X, 9X, ME, NT, and 2000) and supports long file names under |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3541 Windows 9X, Windows ME, and Windows 2000. More information is available |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3542 from |
25474 | 3543 |
56833
3e8b1ce2675a
(Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
56817
diff
changeset
|
3544 @uref{ftp://ftp.delorie.com/pub/djgpp/current/v2gnu/emacs.README} |
25474 | 3545 |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3546 The binary itself is available in the files @file{em*.zip} in the |
25474 | 3547 directory |
3548 | |
56833
3e8b1ce2675a
(Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
56817
diff
changeset
|
3549 @uref{ftp://ftp.delorie.com/pub/djgpp/current/v2gnu/} |
25474 | 3550 |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
3551 If you prefer to compile Emacs for yourself, you can do so with the |
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
3552 current distribution directly. You will need a 386 (or |
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
3553 better) processor, and to be running MS-DOS 3.0 or later. According to |
56833
3e8b1ce2675a
(Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
56817
diff
changeset
|
3554 @email{eliz@@gnu.org, Eli Zaretskii} and |
25474 | 3555 @email{hankedr@@dms.auburn.edu, Darrel Hankerson}, you will need the |
3556 following: | |
3557 | |
3558 @table @emph | |
3559 | |
3560 @item Compiler | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3561 DJGPP version 1.12 maint 1 or later. Djgpp 2.0 or later is |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3562 recommended, since 1.x is very old an unmaintained. Djgpp 2 supports |
36383
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
3563 long file names on Windows 9X/ME/2K. |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3564 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3565 You can get the latest release of DJGPP by retrieving all of |
25474 | 3566 the files in |
3567 | |
56833
3e8b1ce2675a
(Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
56817
diff
changeset
|
3568 @uref{ftp://ftp.delorie.com/pub/djgpp/current/v2*} |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3569 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3570 @item Unpacking program |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3571 The easiest way is to use @code{djtar} which comes with DJGPP v2.x, |
25474 | 3572 because it can open gzip'ed tarfiles (i.e., those ending with |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3573 @file{.tar.gz}) in one step. @code{Djtar} comes in |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3574 @file{djdev@var{nnn}.zip} archive (where @var{nnn} is the DJGPP version |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3575 number), from the URL mentioned above. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3576 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3577 @strong{Warning!} Do @strong{not} use the popular WinZip program to |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3578 unpack the Emacs distribution! WinZip is known to corrupt some of the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3579 files by converting them to the DOS CR-LF format, it doesn't always |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3580 preserve the directory structure recorded in the compressed Emacs |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3581 archive, and commits other atrocities. Some of these problems could |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3582 actually prevent Emacs from building successfully! |
25474 | 3583 |
3584 @item make, mv, sed, and rm | |
3585 All of these utilities are available at | |
3586 | |
56833
3e8b1ce2675a
(Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
56817
diff
changeset
|
3587 @uref{ftp://ftp.delorie.com/pub/djgpp/current/v2gnu} |
25474 | 3588 |
3589 16-bit utilities can be found in GNUish, at | |
3590 | |
48785 | 3591 @uref{http://www.simtel.net/pub/gnuish/} |
25474 | 3592 |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3593 @noindent |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3594 (@code{mv} and @code{rm} are in the Fileutils package, @code{sed} and |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3595 @code{make} are each one in a separate package named after them.) |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3596 |
25474 | 3597 @end table |
3598 | |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3599 The files @file{INSTALL} (near its end) and @file{etc/PROBLEMS} in the |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3600 directory of the Emacs sources contains some additional information |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3601 regarding Emacs under MS-DOS. |
25474 | 3602 |
3603 For a list of other MS-DOS implementations of Emacs (and Emacs | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3604 look-alikes), consult the list of ``Emacs implementations and literature,'' |
25474 | 3605 available at |
3606 | |
3607 @uref{ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.emacs/} | |
3608 | |
3609 Note that while many of these programs look similar to Emacs, they often | |
3610 lack certain features, such as the Emacs Lisp extension language. | |
3611 | |
3612 @node Emacs for Windows, Emacs for OS/2, Emacs for MS-DOS, Finding Emacs and related packages | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
3613 @section Where can I get Emacs for Microsoft Windows? |
25474 | 3614 @cindex FAQ for NT Emacs |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3615 @cindex Emacs for MS-Windows |
25474 | 3616 @cindex Microsoft Windows, Emacs for |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3617 @cindex Windows 9X, ME, NT, 2K, and CE, Emacs for |
25474 | 3618 |
3619 For information on Emacs for Windows 95 and NT, read the FAQ produced by | |
3620 @email{voelker@@cs.washington.edu, Geoff Voelker}, available at | |
3621 | |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
3622 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/windows/ntemacs.html} |
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
3623 |
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
3624 @xref{Emacs for MS-DOS}, for Windows 3.1. |
25474 | 3625 |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3626 A port of Emacs 20.7 for Windows CE, based on NTEmacs, is available at |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3627 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3628 @uref{http://www.rainer-keuchel.de/software.html} |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3629 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3630 @noindent |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3631 This port was done by @email{coyxc@@rainer-keuchel.de, Rainer Keuchel}, |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3632 and supports all Emacs features except async subprocesses and menus. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3633 You will need MSVC 6.0 and a Windows CE SDK to build this port. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3634 |
25474 | 3635 @node Emacs for OS/2, Emacs for Atari ST, Emacs for Windows, Finding Emacs and related packages |
3636 @section Where can I get Emacs for my PC running OS/2? | |
3637 @cindex OS/2, Emacs for | |
3638 | |
35061
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3639 Emacs 20.6 is ported for emx on OS/2 2.0 or 2.1, and is available at |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3640 |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3641 @uref{ftp://hobbes.nmsu.edu/pub/os2/apps/editors/emacs/e206*.zip} |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3642 |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3643 @noindent |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3644 and also at |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3645 |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3646 @uref{http://archiv.leo.org/pub/comp/os/os2/leo/gnu/emacs%2d20/} |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3647 |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3648 Instructions for installation, basic setup, and other useful information |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3649 for OS/2 users of Emacs can be found at |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3650 |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3651 @uref{http://userpage.fu-berlin.de/~oheiabbd/emacs/emacs206-os2.html} |
25474 | 3652 |
3653 @node Emacs for Atari ST, Emacs for the Amiga , Emacs for OS/2, Finding Emacs and related packages | |
3654 @section Where can I get Emacs for my Atari ST? | |
3655 @cindex Atari ST, Emacs for | |
3656 @cindex TOS, Emacs for | |
3657 | |
3658 Roland Schäuble reports that Emacs 18.58 running on plain TOS and MiNT | |
3659 is available at | |
3660 @uref{ftp://atari.archive.umich.edu/Editors/Emacs-18-58/1858b-d3.zoo}. | |
3661 | |
3662 @node Emacs for the Amiga , Emacs for NeXTSTEP, Emacs for Atari ST, Finding Emacs and related packages | |
3663 @section Where can I get Emacs for my Amiga? | |
3664 @cindex Amiga, Emacs for | |
3665 | |
3666 The files you need are available at | |
3667 | |
3668 @uref{ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/pub/aminet/util/gnu/} | |
3669 | |
3670 @email{dgilbert@@gamiga.guelphnet.dweomer.org, David Gilbert} has released a | |
3671 beta version of Emacs 19.25 for the Amiga. You can get the binary at | |
3672 | |
3673 @uref{ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/pub/aminet/util/gnu/a2.0bEmacs-bin.lha} | |
3674 | |
3675 @node Emacs for NeXTSTEP, Emacs for Apple computers, Emacs for the Amiga , Finding Emacs and related packages | |
3676 @section Where can I get Emacs for NeXTSTEP? | |
3677 @cindex NeXTSTEP, Emacs for | |
3678 | |
3679 Emacs.app is a NeXTSTEP version of Emacs 19.34 which supports colors, | |
3680 menus, and multiple frames. You can get it from | |
3681 | |
3682 @uref{ftp://next-ftp.peak.org/pub/next/apps/emacs/Emacs_for_NeXTstep.4.20a1.NIHS.b.tar.gz} | |
3683 | |
3684 @node Emacs for Apple computers, Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Emacs for NeXTSTEP, Finding Emacs and related packages | |
3685 @section Where can I get Emacs for my Apple computer? | |
3686 @cindex Apple computers, Emacs for | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3687 @cindex Macintosh, Emacs for |
25474 | 3688 |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3689 Beginning with version 21.1, the Macintosh is supported in the official |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3690 Emacs distribution; see the files @file{mac/README} and |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3691 @file{mac/INSTALL} in the Emacs distribution for build instructions. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3692 |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
3693 Beginning with version 22.1, Emacs supports Mac OS X natively. |
25474 | 3694 |
3695 @node Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Modes for various languages, Emacs for Apple computers, Finding Emacs and related packages | |
3696 @section Where do I get Emacs that runs on VMS under DECwindows? | |
3697 @cindex DECwindows, Emacs for | |
3698 @cindex VMS, Emacs for | |
3699 | |
3700 Up-to-date information about GNU software (including Emacs) for VMS is | |
3701 available at @uref{http://vms.gnu.org/}. | |
3702 | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
3703 @node Modes for various languages, , Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Finding Emacs and related packages |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3704 @section Where can I get modes for Lex, Yacc/Bison, Bourne shell, csh, C@t{++}, Objective-C, Pascal, Java, and Awk? |
25474 | 3705 @cindex Awk, mode for |
3706 @cindex @code{awk-mode} | |
3707 @cindex Bison, mode for | |
3708 @cindex Bourne Shell, mode for | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3709 @cindex C@t{++}, mode for |
25474 | 3710 @cindex Java, mode for |
3711 @cindex Lex mode | |
3712 @cindex Objective-C, mode for | |
3713 @cindex @code{pascal-mode} | |
3714 @cindex Shell mode | |
3715 @cindex Yacc mode | |
3716 @cindex @file{csh} mode | |
3717 @cindex @code{sh-mode} | |
3718 @cindex @code{cc-mode} | |
3719 | |
3720 Most of these modes are now available in standard Emacs distribution. | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3721 To get additional modes, see @ref{Finding a package with particular |
59996
aac0a33f5772
Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
59713
diff
changeset
|
3722 functionality}. |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3723 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3724 Barry Warsaw's @code{cc-mode} now works for C, C@t{++}, Objective-C, and |
50791
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3725 Java code. It is distributed with Emacs, but has |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3726 @uref{http://cc-mode.sourceforge.net/, its own homepage}. |
25474 | 3727 |
3728 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ | |
3729 @node Major packages and programs, Key bindings, Finding Emacs and related packages, Top | |
3730 @chapter Major packages and programs | |
3731 @cindex Major packages and programs | |
3732 | |
3733 @menu | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3734 * VM:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3735 * Supercite:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3736 * Calc:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3737 * VIPER:: |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3738 * AUCTeX:: |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3739 * BBDB:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3740 * Ispell:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3741 * w3-mode:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3742 * EDB:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3743 * Mailcrypt:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3744 * JDE:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3745 * Patch:: |
25474 | 3746 @end menu |
3747 | |
3748 @node VM, Supercite, Major packages and programs, Major packages and programs | |
3749 @section VM (View Mail) --- another mail reader within Emacs, with MIME support | |
3750 @cindex VM | |
3751 @cindex Alternative mail software | |
3752 @cindex View Mail | |
3753 @cindex E-mail reader, VM | |
3754 | |
3755 @table @b | |
3756 | |
3757 @item Author | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3758 @email{kyle_jones@@wonderworks.com, Kyle Jones} |
25474 | 3759 |
3760 @item Latest version | |
68657
e0aafc27ed28
(VM): VM now at version 7.19.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68639
diff
changeset
|
3761 7.19 |
25474 | 3762 |
3763 @item Distribution | |
3764 @uref{ftp://ftp.wonderworks.com/pub/vm/vm.tar.gz} | |
3765 | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3766 @item Informational newsgroup |
25474 | 3767 @uref{news:gnu.emacs.vm.info}@* |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3768 |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3769 @item Bug reports newsgroup |
25474 | 3770 @uref{news:gnu.emacs.vm.bug}@* |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3771 Or send reports to @email{bug-vm@@wonderworks.com} |
25474 | 3772 @end table |
3773 | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3774 VM 7 works well with Emacs 21. Older versions of VM suitable for use |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3775 with older versions of Emacs are available from |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3776 @uref{ftp://ftp.wonderworks.com/pub/vm/, the same FTP site}. |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3777 |
25474 | 3778 |
3779 @node Supercite, Calc, VM, Major packages and programs | |
3780 @section Supercite --- mail and news citation package within Emacs | |
3781 @cindex Supercite | |
3782 @cindex Superyank | |
3783 @cindex Mail and news citations | |
3784 @cindex News and mail citations | |
3785 @cindex Citations in mail and news | |
3786 | |
3787 @table @b | |
3788 | |
3789 @item Author | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3790 @email{barry@@python.org, Barry Warsaw} |
25474 | 3791 |
3792 @item Latest version | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3793 3.54 (comes bundled with Emacs since version 20) |
25474 | 3794 |
3795 @item Distribution | |
3796 @uref{http://www.python.org/emacs/supercite.tar.gz} | |
3797 | |
3798 @item Mailing list | |
3799 Subscription requests to @email{supercite-request@@python.org}@* | |
3800 Submissions @email{supercite@@python.org} | |
3801 | |
3802 @end table | |
3803 | |
3804 Superyank is an old version of Supercite. | |
3805 | |
3806 @node Calc, VIPER, Supercite, Major packages and programs | |
3807 @section Calc --- poor man's Mathematica within Emacs | |
3808 @cindex Programmable calculator | |
3809 @cindex Calc | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3810 @cindex Mathematical package |
25474 | 3811 |
3812 @table @b | |
3813 | |
3814 @item Author | |
3815 @email{daveg@@csvax.cs.caltech.edu, Dave Gillespie} | |
3816 | |
3817 @item Latest version | |
67543
afe4c3f8dfeb
(Calc): Update the version number.
Jay Belanger <jay.p.belanger@gmail.com>
parents:
67483
diff
changeset
|
3818 2.1 (part of Emacs since version 22.1) |
25474 | 3819 |
3820 @item Distribution | |
56757
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3821 No separate distribution outside of Emacs. Older versions |
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3822 are available at @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/calc/}. |
25474 | 3823 |
3824 @end table | |
3825 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3826 Note that Calc 2.02f needs patching to work with Emacs 21 and later. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3827 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3828 @cindex @code{calculator}, a package |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3829 Emacs 21.1 and later comes with a package called @file{calculator.el}. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3830 It doesn't support all the mathematical wizardry offered by Calc, such |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3831 as matrices, special functions, and statistics, but is more than |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3832 adequate as a replacement for @code{xcalc} and similar programs. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3833 |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3834 @node VIPER, AUCTeX, Calc, Major packages and programs |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3835 @section VIPER --- @code{vi} emulation for Emacs |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3836 @cindex @code{vi} emulation |
25474 | 3837 @cindex VIPER |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3838 @cindex Emulation of @code{vi} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3839 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3840 Since Emacs 19.29, the preferred @code{vi} emulation in Emacs is VIPER |
25474 | 3841 (@kbd{M-x viper-mode @key{RET}}), which comes with Emacs. It extends |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3842 and supersedes VIP (including VIP 4.3) and provides @code{vi} emulation |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3843 at several levels, from one that closely follows @code{vi} to one that |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3844 departs from @code{vi} in several significant ways. |
25474 | 3845 |
3846 For Emacs 19.28 and earlier, the following version of VIP is generally | |
3847 better than the one distributed with Emacs: | |
3848 | |
3849 @table @b | |
3850 @item Author | |
3851 @email{sane@@cs.uiuc.edu, Aamod Sane} | |
3852 | |
3853 @item Latest version | |
3854 4.3 | |
3855 | |
3856 @item Distribution | |
48785 | 3857 @uref{ftp://archive.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/emacs-lisp/old-archive/modes/vip-mode.tar.Z} |
25474 | 3858 |
3859 @end table | |
3860 | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3861 @node AUCTeX, BBDB, VIPER, Major packages and programs |
56757
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3862 @section AUC@TeX{} --- enhanced @TeX{} modes with debugging facilities |
25474 | 3863 @cindex Mode for @TeX{} |
3864 @cindex @TeX{} mode | |
56757
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3865 @cindex AUC@TeX{} mode for editing @TeX{} |
25474 | 3866 @cindex Writing and debugging @TeX{} |
3867 | |
56757
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3868 AUC@TeX{} is a set of sophisticated major modes for @TeX{}, LaTeX, |
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3869 ConTeXt, and Texinfo offering context-sensitive syntax highlighting, |
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3870 indentation, formatting and folding, macro completion, @TeX{} shell |
67691
5e3db5999d74
(AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
67576
diff
changeset
|
3871 functionality, and debugging. Be also sure to check out |
5e3db5999d74
(AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
67576
diff
changeset
|
3872 @ref{Introduction, RefTeX, Introduction, reftex, Ref@TeX{} User Manual}. |
5e3db5999d74
(AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
67576
diff
changeset
|
3873 Current versions of AUC@TeX{} include the |
5e3db5999d74
(AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
67576
diff
changeset
|
3874 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/auctex/preview-latex,preview-latex} |
5e3db5999d74
(AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
67576
diff
changeset
|
3875 package for WYSIWYG previews of various LaTeX constructs in the Emacs |
5e3db5999d74
(AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
67576
diff
changeset
|
3876 source buffer. |
56757
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3877 |
25474 | 3878 @table @b |
3879 | |
3880 @item Authors | |
56757
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3881 @email{krab@@iesd.auc.dk, Kresten Krab Thorup}, @* |
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3882 @email{abraham@@dina.kvl.dk, Per Abrahamsen}, @* and others. |
25474 | 3883 |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3884 @item Maintainer |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3885 @email{dak@@gnu.org, David Kastrup} |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3886 |
25474 | 3887 @item Latest version |
67691
5e3db5999d74
(AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
67576
diff
changeset
|
3888 11.82 |
25474 | 3889 |
3890 @item Distribution | |
56757
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3891 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/auctex/} |
25474 | 3892 |
3893 @item Web site | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3894 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/auctex/} |
25474 | 3895 |
3896 @item Mailing list: | |
67691
5e3db5999d74
(AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
67576
diff
changeset
|
3897 Subscription requests to @email{auctex-request@@gnu.org}@* |
5e3db5999d74
(AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
67576
diff
changeset
|
3898 Submissions to @email{auctex@@gnu.org} |
25474 | 3899 |
3900 @end table | |
3901 | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3902 @node BBDB, Ispell, AUCTeX, Major packages and programs |
25474 | 3903 @section BBDB --- personal Info Rolodex integrated with mail/news readers |
3904 @cindex BBDB | |
3905 @cindex Rolodex-like functionality | |
3906 @cindex Integrated contact database | |
3907 @cindex Contact database | |
3908 @cindex Big Brother Database | |
3909 @cindex Address book | |
3910 | |
3911 @table @b | |
3912 | |
3913 @item Maintainer | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3914 @email{waider@@waider.ie, Ronan Waide} |
25474 | 3915 |
3916 @item Latest version | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3917 2.34 |
25474 | 3918 |
3919 @item Distribution | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3920 @uref{http://bbdb.sourceforge.net/} |
25474 | 3921 |
3922 @item Mailing lists | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3923 Subscription requests to @email{bbdb-info-request@@lists.sourceforge.net}@* |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3924 Submissions to @email{bbdb-info@@lists.sourceforge.net}@* |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3925 Release announcements: @email{bbdb-announce-request@@lists.sourceforge.net} |
25474 | 3926 |
3927 @end table | |
3928 | |
3929 @node Ispell, w3-mode, BBDB, Major packages and programs | |
3930 @section Ispell --- spell checker in C with interface for Emacs | |
3931 @cindex Spell-checker | |
3932 @cindex Checking spelling | |
3933 @cindex Ispell | |
3934 | |
3935 @table @b | |
3936 | |
3937 @item Author | |
3938 @email{geoff@@itcorp.com, Geoff Kuenning} | |
3939 | |
3940 @item Latest version | |
3941 3.1.20 | |
3942 | |
3943 @item Distribution | |
3944 @uref{ftp://ftp.cs.ucla.edu/pub/ispell/ispell-3.1.20.tar.gz}@* | |
3945 | |
3946 @item Web site | |
3947 @uref{http://fmg-www.cs.ucla.edu/geoff/ispell.html} | |
3948 | |
3949 @end table | |
3950 | |
3951 @itemize @bullet | |
3952 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3953 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3954 Do not ask Geoff to send you the latest version of Ispell. He does not |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3955 have free e-mail. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3956 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3957 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3958 This Ispell program is distinct from GNU Ispell 4.0. GNU Ispell 4.0 is |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3959 no longer a supported product. |
25474 | 3960 |
3961 @end itemize | |
3962 | |
3963 @node w3-mode, EDB, Ispell, Major packages and programs | |
3964 @section w3-mode --- A World Wide Web browser inside of Emacs | |
3965 @cindex WWW browser | |
3966 @cindex Web browser | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3967 @cindex HTML browser in Emacs |
25474 | 3968 @cindex @code{w3-mode} |
3969 | |
3970 @table @b | |
3971 | |
3972 @item Author | |
3973 @email{wmperry@@spry.com, Bill Perry} | |
3974 | |
3975 @item Latest version | |
3976 4.0pre.39 | |
3977 | |
3978 @item Distribution | |
3979 @uref{ftp://ftp.cs.indiana.edu/pub/elisp/w3/w3.tar.gz} | |
3980 | |
3981 @item Mailing lists | |
3982 Receive announcements from @email{w3-announce-request@@indiana.edu}@* | |
3983 Become a beta tester at @email{w3-beta-request@@indiana.edu}@* | |
3984 Help to develop @code{w3-mode} at @email{w3-dev@@indiana.edu} | |
3985 | |
3986 @end table | |
3987 | |
3988 @node EDB, Mailcrypt, w3-mode, Major packages and programs | |
3989 @section EDB --- Database program for Emacs; replaces forms editing modes | |
3990 @cindex EDB | |
3991 @cindex Database | |
3992 @cindex Forms mode | |
3993 | |
3994 @table @b | |
3995 @item Author | |
3996 @email{mernst@@theory.lcs.mit.edu, Michael Ernst} | |
3997 | |
3998 @item Latest version | |
3999 1.21 | |
4000 | |
4001 @item Distribution | |
4002 @uref{ftp://theory.lcs.mit.edu/pub/emacs/edb} | |
4003 | |
4004 @end table | |
4005 | |
4006 @node Mailcrypt, JDE, EDB, Major packages and programs | |
4007 @section Mailcrypt --- PGP interface within Emacs mail and news | |
4008 @cindex PGP | |
4009 @cindex GPG | |
4010 @cindex Interface to PGP from Emacs mail and news | |
4011 @cindex News, interface to PGP from | |
4012 @cindex Mail, interface to PGP from | |
4013 @cindex Encryption software, interface to | |
4014 | |
4015 @table @b | |
4016 | |
4017 @item Authors | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4018 @email{patl@@lcs.mit.edu, Patrick J. LoPresti} and |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4019 @email{jin@@atype.com, Jin S. Choi} |
25474 | 4020 |
4021 @item Maintainer | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
4022 @email{warner-mailcrypt@@lothar.com, Brian Warner} |
25474 | 4023 |
4024 @item Latest version | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
4025 3.5.8 |
25474 | 4026 |
4027 @item Distribution | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
4028 @uref{http://dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/mailcrypt/mailcrypt-3.5.8.tar.gz} |
25474 | 4029 |
4030 @item Web site | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
4031 @uref{http://mailcrypt.sourceforge.net/} |
25474 | 4032 |
4033 @end table | |
4034 | |
4035 @node JDE, Patch, Mailcrypt, Major packages and programs | |
4036 @section JDE --- Integrated development environment for Java | |
4037 @cindex Java development environment | |
4038 @cindex Integrated Java development environment | |
4039 @cindex JDE | |
4040 | |
4041 @table @b | |
4042 | |
4043 @item Author | |
4044 @email{paulk@@mathworks.com, Paul Kinnucan} | |
4045 | |
4046 @item Mailing list | |
4047 jde-subscribe@@sunsite.auc.dk | |
4048 | |
4049 @item Latest version | |
4050 2.1.1 | |
4051 | |
4052 @item Web site | |
4053 @uref{http://sunsite.auc.dk/jde/} | |
4054 | |
4055 @end table | |
4056 | |
4057 @node Patch, , JDE, Major packages and programs | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
4058 @section Patch --- program to apply ``diffs'' for updating files |
25474 | 4059 @cindex Updating files with diffs |
4060 @cindex Patching source files with diffs | |
4061 @cindex Diffs and patching | |
4062 @cindex @file{patch} | |
4063 | |
4064 @table @b | |
4065 | |
4066 @item Author | |
4067 @email{lwall@@wall.org, Larry Wall} (with GNU modifications) | |
4068 | |
4069 @item Latest version | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4070 2.5.4 |
25474 | 4071 |
4072 @item Distribution | |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
4073 @xref{Current GNU distributions}. |
25474 | 4074 |
4075 @end table | |
4076 | |
4077 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ | |
4078 @node Key bindings, Alternate character sets, Major packages and programs, Top | |
4079 @chapter Key bindings | |
4080 @cindex Key bindings | |
4081 | |
4082 @menu | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4083 * Binding keys to commands:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4084 * Invalid prefix characters:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4085 * Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4086 * Using function keys under X:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4087 * Working with function and arrow keys:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4088 * X key translations for Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4089 * Handling C-s and C-q with flow control:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4090 * Binding C-s and C-q:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4091 * Backspace invokes help:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4092 * stty and Backspace key:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4093 * Swapping keys:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4094 * Producing C-XXX with the keyboard:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4095 * No Meta key:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4096 * No Escape key:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4097 * Compose Character:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4098 * Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4099 * Meta key does not work in xterm:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4100 * ExtendChar key does not work as Meta:: |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4101 * SPC no longer completes file names:: |
25474 | 4102 @end menu |
4103 | |
4104 @node Binding keys to commands, Invalid prefix characters, Key bindings, Key bindings | |
4105 @section How do I bind keys (including function keys) to commands? | |
4106 @cindex Binding keys to commands | |
4107 @cindex Keys, binding to commands | |
4108 @cindex Commands, binding keys to | |
4109 | |
4110 Keys can be bound to commands either interactively or in your | |
4111 @file{.emacs} file. To interactively bind keys for all modes, type | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4112 @kbd{M-x global-set-key @key{RET} @var{key} @var{cmd} @key{RET}}. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4113 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4114 To bind a key just in the current major mode, type @kbd{M-x |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4115 local-set-key @key{RET} @var{key} @var{cmd} @key{RET}}. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4116 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4117 @inforef{Key Bindings, Key Bindings, emacs}, for further details. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4118 |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4119 To make the process of binding keys interactively easier, use the |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4120 following ``trick'': First bind the key interactively, then immediately |
25474 | 4121 type @kbd{C-x @key{ESC} @key{ESC} C-a C-k C-g}. Now, the command needed |
4122 to bind the key is in the kill ring, and can be yanked into your | |
4123 @file{.emacs} file. If the key binding is global, no changes to the | |
4124 command are required. For example, | |
4125 | |
4126 @lisp | |
4127 (global-set-key (quote [f1]) (quote help-for-help)) | |
4128 @end lisp | |
4129 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4130 @noindent |
25474 | 4131 can be placed directly into the @file{.emacs} file. If the key binding is |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
4132 local, the command is used in conjunction with the @samp{add-hook} function. |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
4133 For example, in TeX mode, a local binding might be |
25474 | 4134 |
4135 @lisp | |
4136 (add-hook 'tex-mode-hook | |
28344
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
4137 (lambda () |
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
4138 (local-set-key (quote [f1]) (quote help-for-help)))) |
25474 | 4139 @end lisp |
4140 | |
4141 | |
4142 @itemize @bullet | |
4143 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4144 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4145 Control characters in key sequences, in the form yanked from the kill |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4146 ring are given in their graphic form---i.e., @key{CTRL} is shown as |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4147 @samp{^}, @key{TAB} as a set of spaces (usually 8), etc. You may want |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4148 to convert these into their vector or string forms. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4149 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4150 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4151 If a prefix key of the character sequence to be bound is already |
25474 | 4152 bound as a complete key, then you must unbind it before the new |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4153 binding. For example, if @kbd{ESC @{} is previously bound: |
25474 | 4154 |
4155 @lisp | |
4156 (global-unset-key [?\e ?@{]) ;; or | |
4157 (local-unset-key [?\e ?@{]) | |
4158 @end lisp | |
4159 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4160 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4161 Aside from commands and ``lambda lists,'' a vector or string also |
25474 | 4162 can be bound to a key and thus treated as a macro. For example: |
4163 | |
4164 @lisp | |
4165 (global-set-key [f10] [?\C-x?\e?\e?\C-a?\C-k?\C-g]) ;; or | |
4166 (global-set-key [f10] "\C-x\e\e\C-a\C-k\C-g") | |
4167 @end lisp | |
4168 | |
4169 @end itemize | |
4170 | |
4171 @node Invalid prefix characters, Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun, Binding keys to commands, Key bindings | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
4172 @section Why does Emacs say @samp{Key sequence XXX uses invalid prefix characters}? |
25474 | 4173 @cindex Prefix characters, invalid |
4174 @cindex Invalid prefix characters | |
4175 @cindex Misspecified key sequences | |
4176 | |
4177 Usually, one of two things has happened. In one case, the control | |
4178 character in the key sequence has been misspecified (e.g. @samp{C-f} | |
4179 used instead of @samp{\C-f} within a Lisp expression). In the other | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4180 case, a @dfn{prefix key} in the keystroke sequence you were trying to bind |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4181 was already bound as a @dfn{complete key}. Historically, the @samp{ESC [} |
25474 | 4182 prefix was usually the problem, in which case you should evaluate either |
4183 of these forms before attempting to bind the key sequence: | |
4184 | |
4185 @lisp | |
4186 (global-unset-key [?\e ?[]) ;; or | |
4187 (global-unset-key "\e[") | |
4188 @end lisp | |
4189 | |
4190 @node Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun, Using function keys under X, Invalid prefix characters, Key bindings | |
4191 @section Why doesn't this [terminal or window-system setup] code work in my @file{.emacs} file, but it works just fine after Emacs starts up? | |
4192 @cindex Terminal setup code in @file{.emacs} | |
4193 | |
4194 During startup, Emacs initializes itself according to a given code/file | |
4195 order. If some of the code executed in your @file{.emacs} file needs to | |
4196 be postponed until the initial terminal or window-system setup code has | |
4197 been executed but is not, then you will experience this problem (this | |
4198 code/file execution order is not enforced after startup). | |
4199 | |
4200 To postpone the execution of Emacs Lisp code until after terminal or | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4201 window-system setup, treat the code as a @dfn{lambda list} and set the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4202 value of either the @code{term-setup-hook} or @code{window-setup-hook} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4203 variable to this lambda function. For example, |
25474 | 4204 |
4205 @lisp | |
28344
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
4206 (add-hook 'term-setup-hook |
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
4207 (lambda () |
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
4208 (when (string-match "\\`vt220" (or (getenv "TERM") "")) |
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
4209 ;; Make vt220's "Do" key behave like M-x: |
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
4210 (global-set-key [do] 'execute-extended-command)))) |
25474 | 4211 @end lisp |
4212 | |
4213 For information on what Emacs does every time it is started, see the | |
4214 @file{lisp/startup.el} file. | |
4215 | |
4216 @node Using function keys under X, Working with function and arrow keys, Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun, Key bindings | |
35188
94d46968a93f
Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35061
diff
changeset
|
4217 @section How do I use function keys under X? |
25474 | 4218 @cindex Function keys |
35188
94d46968a93f
Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35061
diff
changeset
|
4219 @cindex X Window System and function keys |
25474 | 4220 @cindex Binding function keys |
4221 | |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
4222 With Emacs 19, functions keys under X are bound like any other key. @xref{Binding keys to commands}, for details. |
25474 | 4223 |
4224 @node Working with function and arrow keys, X key translations for Emacs, Using function keys under X, Key bindings | |
4225 @section How do I tell what characters or symbols my function or arrow keys emit? | |
4226 @cindex Working with arrow keys | |
4227 @cindex Arrow keys, symbols generated by | |
4228 @cindex Working with function keys | |
4229 @cindex Function keys, symbols generated by | |
4230 @cindex Symbols generated by function keys | |
4231 | |
4232 Type @kbd{C-h c} then the function or arrow keys. The command will | |
4233 return either a function key symbol or character sequence (see the | |
4234 Emacs on-line documentation for an explanation). This works for other | |
4235 keys as well. | |
4236 | |
4237 @node X key translations for Emacs, Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Working with function and arrow keys, Key bindings | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4238 @section How do I set the X key ``translations'' for Emacs? |
25474 | 4239 @cindex X key translations |
4240 @cindex Key translations under X | |
4241 @cindex Translations for keys under X | |
4242 | |
4243 Emacs is not written using the Xt library by default, so there are no | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4244 ``translations'' to be set. (We aren't sure how to set such translations |
25474 | 4245 if you do build Emacs with Xt; please let us know if you've done this!) |
4246 | |
4247 The only way to affect the behavior of keys within Emacs is through | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4248 @code{xmodmap} (outside Emacs) or @code{define-key} (inside Emacs). The |
25474 | 4249 @code{define-key} command should be used in conjunction with the |
4250 @code{function-key-map} map. For instance, | |
4251 | |
4252 @lisp | |
4253 (define-key function-key-map [M-@key{TAB}] [?\M-\t]) | |
4254 @end lisp | |
4255 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4256 @noindent |
25474 | 4257 defines the @kbd{M-@key{TAB}} key sequence. |
4258 | |
4259 @node Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q, X key translations for Emacs, Key bindings | |
4260 @section How do I handle @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} being used for flow control? | |
4261 @cindex Flow control, @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} with | |
4262 @cindex @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} with flow control | |
4263 | |
4264 @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} are used in the XON/XOFF flow control protocol. | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4265 This messes things up when you're using Emacs over a serial line, |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4266 because Emacs binds these keys to commands by default. Because Emacs |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4267 won't honor them as flow control characters, too many of these |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4268 characters are not passed on and overwhelm output buffers. Sometimes, |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4269 intermediate software using XON/XOFF flow control will prevent Emacs |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4270 from ever seeing @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}. |
25474 | 4271 |
4272 Possible solutions: | |
4273 | |
4274 @itemize @bullet | |
4275 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4276 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4277 Disable the use of @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} for flow control. |
25474 | 4278 |
4279 You need to determine the cause of the flow control. | |
4280 | |
4281 @itemize @minus | |
4282 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4283 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4284 your terminal |
25474 | 4285 |
4286 Your terminal may use XON/XOFF flow control to have time to display | |
4287 all the characters it receives. For example, VT series terminals do | |
4288 this. It may be possible to turn this off from a setup menu. For | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4289 example, on a VT220 you may select ``No XOFF'' in the setup menu. This |
25474 | 4290 is also true for some terminal emulation programs on PCs. |
4291 | |
4292 When you turn off flow control at the terminal, you will also need to | |
4293 turn it off at the other end, which might be at the computer you are | |
4294 logged in to or at some terminal server in between. | |
4295 | |
4296 If you turn off flow control, characters may be lost; using a printer | |
4297 connected to the terminal may fail. You may be able to get around | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4298 this problem by modifying the @samp{termcap} entry for your terminal to |
25474 | 4299 include extra NUL padding characters. |
4300 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4301 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4302 a modem |
25474 | 4303 |
4304 If you are using a dialup connection, the modems may be using | |
4305 XON/XOFF flow control. It's not clear how to get around this. | |
4306 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4307 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4308 a router or terminal server |
25474 | 4309 |
4310 Some network box between the terminal and your computer may be using | |
4311 XON/XOFF flow control. It may be possible to make it use some other | |
4312 kind of flow control. You will probably have to ask your local | |
4313 network experts for help with this. | |
4314 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4315 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4316 @code{tty} and/or @code{pty} devices |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4317 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4318 If your connection to Emacs goes through multiple @code{tty} and/or |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4319 @code{pty} devices, they may be using XON/XOFF flow control even when it |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4320 is not necessary. |
25474 | 4321 |
4322 @email{eirik@@theory.tn.cornell.edu, Eirik Fuller} writes: | |
4323 | |
4324 @quotation | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4325 Some versions of @code{rlogin} (and possibly @code{telnet}) do not pass |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4326 flow control characters to the remote system to which they connect. On |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4327 such systems, Emacs on the remote system cannot disable flow control on |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4328 the local system. Sometimes @samp{rlogin -8} will avoid this problem. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4329 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4330 One way to cure this is to disable flow control on the local host (the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4331 one running @code{rlogin}, not the one running @code{rlogind}) using the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4332 @code{stty} command, before starting the @code{rlogin} process. On many |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4333 systems, @samp{stty start u stop u} will do this. |
25474 | 4334 |
4335 Some versions of @samp{tcsh} will prevent even this from working. One | |
4336 way around this is to start another shell before starting rlogin, | |
4337 and issue the @samp{stty} command to disable flow control from that shell. | |
4338 @end quotation | |
4339 | |
4340 Use @samp{stty -ixon} instead of @samp{stty start u stop u} on some systems. | |
4341 | |
4342 @end itemize | |
4343 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4344 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4345 Make Emacs speak the XON/XOFF flow control protocol. |
25474 | 4346 |
4347 You can make Emacs treat @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} as flow control characters by | |
4348 evaluating the form | |
4349 | |
4350 @lisp | |
4351 (enable-flow-control) | |
4352 @end lisp | |
4353 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4354 @noindent |
25474 | 4355 to unconditionally enable flow control or |
4356 | |
4357 @lisp | |
4358 (enable-flow-control-on "vt100" "h19") | |
4359 @end lisp | |
4360 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4361 @noindent |
25474 | 4362 (using your terminal names instead of @samp{vt100} or @samp{h19}) to |
4363 enable selectively. These commands will automatically swap @kbd{C-s} | |
4364 and @kbd{C-q} to @kbd{C-\} and @kbd{C-^}. Variables can be used to | |
4365 change the default swap keys (@code{flow-control-c-s-replacement} and | |
4366 @code{flow-control-c-q-replacement}). | |
4367 | |
4368 If you are fixing this for yourself, simply put the form in your | |
4369 @file{.emacs} file. If you are fixing this for your entire site, the | |
37597
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4370 best place to put it is in the @file{site-lisp/site-start.el} file. |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4371 (Here @file{site-lisp} is actually a subdirectory of your Emacs |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4372 installation directory, typically @file{/usr/local/share/emacs}.) |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4373 Putting this form in @file{site-lisp/default.el} has the problem that |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4374 if the user's @file{.emacs} file has an error, this will prevent |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4375 @file{default.el} from being loaded and Emacs may be unusable for the |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4376 user, even for correcting their @file{.emacs} file (unless they're |
25474 | 4377 smart enough to move it to another name). |
4378 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4379 @code{enable-flow-control} can be invoked interactively as well: |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4380 @kbd{M-x enable-flow-control @key{RET}}. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4381 |
25474 | 4382 @end itemize |
4383 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4384 For further discussion of this issue, read the file @file{etc/PROBLEMS} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4385 (in the Emacs source directory when you unpack the Emacs distribution). |
25474 | 4386 |
4387 @node Binding C-s and C-q, Backspace invokes help, Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Key bindings | |
4388 @section How do I bind @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} (or any key) if these keys are filtered out? | |
4389 @cindex Binding @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} | |
4390 @cindex @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}, binding | |
4391 | |
4392 To bind @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}, use either @code{enable-flow-control} | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4393 or @code{enable-flow-control-on}. @xref{Handling C-s and C-q with flow |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
4394 control}, for usage and implementation details. |
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
4395 |
37597
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4396 To bind other keys, use @code{keyboard-translate}. @xref{Swapping |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4397 keys}, for usage details. To do this for an entire site, you should |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4398 swap the keys in @file{site-lisp/site-start.el}. @xref{Handling C-s |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4399 and C-q with flow control}, for an explanation of why |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4400 @file{site-lisp/default.el} should not be used. |
25474 | 4401 |
4402 @itemize @bullet | |
4403 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4404 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4405 If you do this for an entire site, the users will be confused by |
25474 | 4406 the disparity between what the documentation says and how Emacs |
4407 actually behaves. | |
4408 | |
4409 @end itemize | |
4410 | |
4411 @node Backspace invokes help, stty and Backspace key, Binding C-s and C-q, Key bindings | |
4412 @section Why does the @key{Backspace} key invoke help? | |
4413 @cindex Backspace key invokes help | |
4414 @cindex Help invoked by Backspace | |
39502
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(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4415 @cindex DEL key does not delete |
25474 | 4416 |
52979
3649390c0f91
Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
4417 The @key{Backspace} key (on most keyboards) generates @acronym{ASCII} code 8. |
25474 | 4418 @kbd{C-h} sends the same code. In Emacs by default @kbd{C-h} invokes |
4419 help-command. This is intended to be easy to remember since the first | |
4420 letter of @samp{help} is @samp{h}. The easiest solution to this problem | |
4421 is to use @kbd{C-h} (and @key{Backspace}) for help and @key{DEL} (the | |
4422 @key{Delete} key) for deleting the previous character. | |
4423 | |
4424 For many people this solution may be problematic: | |
4425 | |
4426 @itemize @bullet | |
4427 | |
4428 @item | |
4429 They normally use @key{Backspace} outside of Emacs for deleting the | |
4430 previous character. This can be solved by making @key{DEL} the command | |
4431 for deleting the previous character outside of Emacs. On many Unix | |
4432 systems, this command will remap @key{DEL}: | |
4433 | |
4434 @example | |
4435 stty erase `^?' | |
4436 @end example | |
4437 | |
4438 @item | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4439 The user may prefer the @key{Backspace} key for deleting the |
25474 | 4440 previous character because it is more conveniently located on their |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4441 keyboard or because they don't even have a separate @key{Delete} key. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4442 In this case, the @key{Backspace} key should be made to behave like |
25474 | 4443 @key{Delete}. There are several methods. |
4444 | |
39502
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(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4445 @itemize @minus |
25474 | 4446 @item |
39502
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(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4447 Some terminals (e.g., VT3## terminals) and terminal emulators (e.g., |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4448 TeraTerm) allow the character generated by the @key{Backspace} key to be |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4449 changed from a setup menu. |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4450 |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4451 @item |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4452 You may be able to get a keyboard that is completely programmable, or a |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4453 terminal emulator that supports remapping of any key to any other key. |
25474 | 4454 |
4455 @item | |
39502
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4456 With Emacs 21.1 and later, you can control the effect of the |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4457 @key{Backspace} and @key{Delete} keys, on both dumb terminals and a |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4458 windowed displays, by customizing the option |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4459 @code{normal-erase-is-backspace-mode}, or by invoking @kbd{M-x |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4460 normal-erase-is-backspace}. See the documentation of these symbols |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4461 (@pxref{Emacs Lisp documentation}) for more info. |
25474 | 4462 |
4463 @item | |
39502
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4464 It is possible to swap the @key{Backspace} and @key{DEL} keys inside |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4465 Emacs: |
25474 | 4466 |
4467 @lisp | |
4468 (keyboard-translate ?\C-h ?\C-?) | |
4469 @end lisp | |
4470 | |
39502
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(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4471 @noindent |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4472 This is the recommended method of forcing @key{Backspace} to act as |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4473 @key{DEL}, because it works even in modes which bind @key{DEL} to |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4474 something other than @code{delete-backward-char}. |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4475 |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4476 Similarly, you could remap @key{DEL} to act as @kbd{C-d}, which by |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4477 default deletes forward: |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4478 |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4479 @lisp |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4480 (keyboard-translate ?\C-? ?\C-d) |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4481 @end lisp |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4482 |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4483 @xref{Swapping keys}, for further details about @code{keyboard-translate}. |
25474 | 4484 |
4485 @item | |
4486 Another approach is to switch key bindings and put help on @kbd{C-x h} | |
4487 instead: | |
4488 | |
4489 @lisp | |
4490 (global-set-key "\C-h" 'delete-backward-char) | |
4491 | |
4492 ;;; overrides mark-whole-buffer | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4493 (global-set-key "\C-xh" 'help-command) |
25474 | 4494 @end lisp |
4495 | |
39502
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4496 @noindent |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4497 This method is not recommended, though: it only solves the problem for |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4498 those modes which bind @key{DEL} to @code{delete-backward-char}. Modes |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4499 which bind @key{DEL} to something else, such as @code{view-mode}, will |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4500 not work as you expect when you press the @key{Backspace} key. For this |
42674 | 4501 reason, we recommend the @code{keyboard-translate} method, shown |
39502
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4502 above. |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4503 |
25474 | 4504 Other popular key bindings for help are @kbd{M-?} and @kbd{C-x ?}. |
39502
c41e104c3131
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4505 @end itemize |
25474 | 4506 |
4507 Don't try to bind @key{DEL} to @code{help-command}, because there are | |
4508 many modes that have local bindings of @key{DEL} that will interfere. | |
4509 | |
4510 @end itemize | |
4511 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4512 When Emacs 21 or later runs on a windowed display, it binds the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4513 @key{Delete} key to a command which deletes the character at point, to |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4514 make Emacs more consistent with keyboard operation on these systems. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4515 |
39502
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4516 For more information about troubleshooting this problem, see @ref{DEL |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4517 Does Not Delete, , If @key{DEL} Fails to Delete, emacs, The GNU Emacs |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4518 Manual}. |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4519 |
25474 | 4520 @node stty and Backspace key, Swapping keys, Backspace invokes help, Key bindings |
4521 @section Why doesn't Emacs look at the @file{stty} settings for @key{Backspace} vs. @key{Delete}? | |
4522 @cindex @file{stty} and Emacs | |
4523 @cindex Backspace and @file{stty} | |
4524 @cindex Delete and @file{stty} | |
4525 | |
4526 Good question! | |
4527 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4528 @c FIXME: RMS explained the reasons for this on emacs-hackers. It's |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4529 @c probably worth putting that explanation here. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4530 |
25474 | 4531 @node Swapping keys, Producing C-XXX with the keyboard, stty and Backspace key, Key bindings |
4532 @section How do I swap two keys? | |
4533 @cindex Swapping keys | |
4534 @cindex Keys, swapping | |
4535 @cindex @code{keyboard-translate} | |
4536 | |
65032
863e660c91bd
(Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64917
diff
changeset
|
4537 You can swap two keys (or key sequences) by using the |
863e660c91bd
(Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64917
diff
changeset
|
4538 @code{keyboard-translate} function. For example, to turn @kbd{C-h} |
863e660c91bd
(Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64917
diff
changeset
|
4539 into @key{DEL} and @key{DEL} to @kbd{C-h}, use |
25474 | 4540 |
4541 @lisp | |
4542 (keyboard-translate ?\C-h ?\C-?) ; translate `C-h' to DEL | |
4543 (keyboard-translate ?\C-? ?\C-h) ; translate DEL to `C-h'. | |
4544 @end lisp | |
4545 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4546 @noindent |
25474 | 4547 The first key sequence of the pair after the function identifies what is |
4548 produced by the keyboard; the second, what is matched for in the | |
4549 keymaps. | |
4550 | |
65032
863e660c91bd
(Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64917
diff
changeset
|
4551 However, in the specific case of @kbd{C-h} and @key{DEL}, you should |
863e660c91bd
(Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64917
diff
changeset
|
4552 toggle @code{normal-erase-is-backspace-mode} instead of calling |
66325
fda96ff4c7e5
* files.el (directory-listing-before-filename-regexp): New
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
65041
diff
changeset
|
4553 @code{keyboard-translate}. @inforef{DEL Does Not Delete, DEL Does Not Delete, |
65032
863e660c91bd
(Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64917
diff
changeset
|
4554 emacs}. |
863e660c91bd
(Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64917
diff
changeset
|
4555 |
25474 | 4556 Keyboard translations are not the same as key bindings in keymaps. |
4557 Emacs contains numerous keymaps that apply in different situations, but | |
4558 there is only one set of keyboard translations, and it applies to every | |
4559 character that Emacs reads from the terminal. Keyboard translations | |
4560 take place at the lowest level of input processing; the keys that are | |
4561 looked up in keymaps contain the characters that result from keyboard | |
4562 translation. | |
4563 | |
4564 @node Producing C-XXX with the keyboard, No Meta key, Swapping keys, Key bindings | |
4565 @section How do I produce C-XXX with my keyboard? | |
4566 @cindex Producing control characters | |
4567 @cindex Generating control characters | |
4568 @cindex Control characters, generating | |
4569 | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
4570 On terminals (but not under X), some common ``aliases'' are: |
25474 | 4571 |
4572 @table @asis | |
4573 | |
4574 @item @kbd{C-2} or @kbd{C-@key{SPC}} | |
4575 @kbd{C-@@} | |
4576 | |
4577 @item @kbd{C-6} | |
4578 @kbd{C-^} | |
4579 | |
4580 @item @kbd{C-7} or @kbd{C-S--} | |
4581 @kbd{C-_} | |
4582 | |
4583 @item @kbd{C-4} | |
4584 @kbd{C-\} | |
4585 | |
4586 @item @kbd{C-5} | |
4587 @kbd{C-]} | |
4588 | |
4589 @item @kbd{C-/} | |
4590 @kbd{C-?} | |
4591 | |
4592 @end table | |
4593 | |
4594 Often other aliases exist; use the @kbd{C-h c} command and try | |
4595 @key{CTRL} with all of the digits on your keyboard to see what gets | |
4596 generated. You can also try the @kbd{C-h w} command if you know the | |
4597 name of the command. | |
4598 | |
4599 @node No Meta key, No Escape key, Producing C-XXX with the keyboard, Key bindings | |
4600 @section What if I don't have a @key{Meta} key? | |
4601 @cindex No @key{Meta} key | |
4602 @cindex @key{Meta} key, what to do if you lack it | |
4603 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
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34151
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changeset
|
4604 On many keyboards, the @key{Alt} key acts as @key{Meta}, so try it. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
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diff
changeset
|
4605 |
25474 | 4606 Instead of typing @kbd{M-a}, you can type @kbd{@key{ESC} a}. In fact, |
4607 Emacs converts @kbd{M-a} internally into @kbd{@key{ESC} a} anyway | |
4608 (depending on the value of @code{meta-prefix-char}). Note that you | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
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parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4609 press @key{Meta} and @key{a} together, but with @key{ESC}, you press |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
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parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4610 @key{ESC}, release it, and then press @key{a}. |
25474 | 4611 |
4612 @node No Escape key, Compose Character, No Meta key, Key bindings | |
4613 @section What if I don't have an @key{Escape} key? | |
4614 @cindex No Escape key | |
4615 @cindex Lacking an Escape key | |
4616 @cindex Escape key, lacking | |
4617 | |
52979
3649390c0f91
Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
4618 Type @kbd{C-[} instead. This should send @acronym{ASCII} code 27 just like an |
25474 | 4619 Escape key would. @kbd{C-3} may also work on some terminal (but not |
4620 under X). For many terminals (notably DEC terminals) @key{F11} | |
4621 generates @key{ESC}. If not, the following form can be used to bind it: | |
4622 | |
4623 @lisp | |
4624 ;;; F11 is the documented ESC replacement on DEC terminals. | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4625 (define-key function-key-map [f11] [?\e]) |
25474 | 4626 @end lisp |
4627 | |
4628 @node Compose Character, Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys, No Escape key, Key bindings | |
4629 @section Can I make my @key{Compose Character} key behave like a @key{Meta} key? | |
4630 @cindex @key{Compose Character} key, using as @key{Meta} | |
4631 @cindex @key{Meta}, using @key{Compose Character} for | |
4632 | |
4633 On a dumb terminal such as a VT220, no. It is rumored that certain | |
4634 VT220 clones could have their @key{Compose} key configured this way. If | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4635 you're using X, you might be able to do this with the @code{xmodmap} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4636 command. |
25474 | 4637 |
4638 @node Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys, Meta key does not work in xterm, Compose Character, Key bindings | |
4639 @section How do I bind a combination of modifier key and function key? | |
4640 @cindex Modifiers and function keys | |
4641 @cindex Function keys and modifiers | |
4642 @cindex Binding modifiers and function keys | |
4643 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4644 With Emacs 19 and later, you can represent modified function keys in |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4645 vector format by adding prefixes to the function key symbol. For |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4646 example (from the on-line documentation): |
25474 | 4647 |
4648 @lisp | |
4649 (global-set-key [?\C-x right] 'forward-page) | |
4650 @end lisp | |
4651 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4652 @noindent |
25474 | 4653 where @samp{?\C-x} is the Lisp character constant for the character @kbd{C-x}. |
4654 | |
4655 You can use the modifier keys @key{Control}, @key{Meta}, @key{Hyper}, | |
4656 @key{Super}, @key{Alt}, and @key{Shift} with function keys. To | |
4657 represent these modifiers, prepend the strings @samp{C-}, @samp{M-}, | |
4658 @samp{H-}, @samp{s-}, @samp{A-}, and @samp{S-} to the symbol name. Here | |
4659 is how to make @kbd{H-M-RIGHT} move forward a word: | |
4660 | |
4661 @lisp | |
4662 (global-set-key [H-M-right] 'forward-word) | |
4663 @end lisp | |
4664 | |
4665 @itemize @bullet | |
4666 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4667 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4668 Not all modifiers are permitted in all situations. @key{Hyper}, |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4669 @key{Super}, and @key{Alt} are not available on Unix character |
52979
3649390c0f91
Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
4670 terminals. Non-@acronym{ASCII} keys and mouse events (e.g. @kbd{C-=} and |
36515
9df3f07f2643
Fix case convention for mouse click.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36383
diff
changeset
|
4671 @kbd{Mouse-1}) also fall under this category. |
25474 | 4672 |
4673 @end itemize | |
4674 | |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
4675 @xref{Binding keys to commands}, for general key binding instructions. |
25474 | 4676 |
4677 @node Meta key does not work in xterm, ExtendChar key does not work as Meta, Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys, Key bindings | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4678 @section Why doesn't my @key{Meta} key work in an @code{xterm} window? |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4679 @cindex @key{Meta} key and @code{xterm} |
25474 | 4680 @cindex Xterm and @key{Meta} key |
4681 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4682 @inforef{Single-Byte Character Support, Single-Byte Character Set |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4683 Support, emacs}. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4684 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4685 If the advice in the Emacs manual fails, try all of these methods before |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4686 asking for further help: |
25474 | 4687 |
4688 @itemize @bullet | |
4689 | |
4690 @item | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4691 You may have big problems using @code{mwm} as your window manager. |
25474 | 4692 (Does anyone know a good generic solution to allow the use of the |
4693 @key{Meta} key in Emacs with @file{mwm}?) | |
4694 | |
4695 @item | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4696 For X11: Make sure it really is a @key{Meta} key. Use @code{xev} to |
25474 | 4697 find out what keysym your @key{Meta} key generates. It should be either |
37530
d4b1acaf82b0
Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37447
diff
changeset
|
4698 @code{Meta_L} or @code{Meta_R}. If it isn't, use @file{xmodmap} to fix |
39551
4e108e81543a
(Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39502
diff
changeset
|
4699 the situation. If @key{Meta} does generate @code{Meta_L} or |
52979
3649390c0f91
Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
4700 @code{Meta_R}, but @kbd{M-x} produces a non-@acronym{ASCII} character, put this in |
39551
4e108e81543a
(Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39502
diff
changeset
|
4701 your @file{~/.Xdefaults} file: |
4e108e81543a
(Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39502
diff
changeset
|
4702 |
4e108e81543a
(Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39502
diff
changeset
|
4703 @example |
4e108e81543a
(Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39502
diff
changeset
|
4704 XTerm*eightBitInput: false |
4e108e81543a
(Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39502
diff
changeset
|
4705 XTerm*eightBitOutput: true |
4e108e81543a
(Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39502
diff
changeset
|
4706 @end example |
25474 | 4707 |
4708 @item | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4709 Make sure the @code{pty} the @code{xterm} is using is passing 8 bit |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4710 characters. @samp{stty -a} (or @samp{stty everything}) should show |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4711 @samp{cs8} somewhere. If it shows @samp{cs7} instead, use @samp{stty |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4712 cs8 -istrip} (or @samp{stty pass8}) to fix it. |
25474 | 4713 |
4714 @item | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4715 If there is an @code{rlogin} connection between @code{xterm} and Emacs, the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4716 @samp{-8} argument may need to be given to rlogin to make it pass all 8 bits |
25474 | 4717 of every character. |
4718 | |
4719 @item | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4720 If Emacs is running on Ultrix, it is reported that evaluating |
25474 | 4721 @code{(set-input-mode t nil)} helps. |
4722 | |
4723 @item | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4724 If all else fails, you can make @code{xterm} generate @kbd{@key{ESC} W} when |
25474 | 4725 you type @kbd{M-W}, which is the same conversion Emacs would make if it |
4726 got the @kbd{M-W} anyway. In X11R4, the following resource | |
4727 specification will do this: | |
4728 | |
4729 @example | |
4730 XTerm.VT100.EightBitInput: false | |
4731 @end example | |
4732 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4733 @noindent |
25474 | 4734 (This changes the behavior of the @code{insert-eight-bit} action.) |
4735 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4736 With older @code{xterm}s, you can specify this behavior with a translation: |
25474 | 4737 |
4738 @example | |
4739 XTerm.VT100.Translations: #override \ | |
4740 Meta<KeyPress>: string(0x1b) insert() | |
4741 @end example | |
4742 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4743 @noindent |
25474 | 4744 You might have to replace @samp{Meta} with @samp{Alt}. |
4745 | |
4746 @end itemize | |
4747 | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4748 @node ExtendChar key does not work as Meta, SPC no longer completes file names, Meta key does not work in xterm, Key bindings |
25474 | 4749 @section Why doesn't my @key{ExtendChar} key work as a @key{Meta} key under HP-UX 8.0 and 9.x? |
4750 @cindex @key{ExtendChar} key as @key{Meta} | |
4751 @cindex @key{Meta}, using @key{ExtendChar} for | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4752 @cindex HP-UX, the @key{ExtendChar} key |
25474 | 4753 |
4754 This is a result of an internationalization extension in X11R4 and the | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4755 fact that HP is now using this extension. Emacs assumes that the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4756 @code{XLookupString} function returns the same result regardless of the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4757 @key{Meta} key state which is no longer necessarily true. Until Emacs |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4758 is fixed, the temporary kludge is to run this command after each time |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4759 the X server is started but preferably before any xterm clients are: |
25474 | 4760 |
4761 @example | |
4762 xmodmap -e 'remove mod1 = Mode_switch' | |
4763 @end example | |
4764 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4765 @c FIXME: Emacs 21 supports I18N in X11; does that mean that this bug is |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4766 @c solved? |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4767 |
25474 | 4768 This will disable the use of the extra keysyms systemwide, which may be |
4769 undesirable if you actually intend to use them. | |
4770 | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4771 @node SPC no longer completes file names, , ExtendChar key does not work as Meta, Key bindings |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4772 @section Why doesn't SPC complete file names anymore? |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4773 @cindex @kbd{SPC} file name completion |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4774 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4775 Starting with Emacs 22.1, @kbd{SPC} no longer completes file names in |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4776 the minibuffer, so that file names with embedded spaces could be typed |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4777 without the need to quote the spaces. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4778 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4779 You can get the old behavior by binding @kbd{SPC} to |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4780 @code{minibuffer-complete-word} in the minibuffer, as follows: |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4781 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4782 @lisp |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4783 (define-key minibuffer-local-filename-completion-map (kbd "SPC") |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4784 'minibuffer-complete-word) |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4785 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4786 (define-key minibuffer-local-must-match-filename-map (kbd "SPC") |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4787 'minibuffer-complete-word) |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4788 @end lisp |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4789 |
25474 | 4790 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ |
4791 @node Alternate character sets, Mail and news, Key bindings, Top | |
4792 @chapter Alternate character sets | |
4793 @cindex Alternate character sets | |
4794 | |
4795 @menu | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4796 * Emacs does not display 8-bit characters:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4797 * Inputting eight-bit characters:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4798 * Kanji and Chinese characters:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4799 * Right-to-left alphabets:: |
25474 | 4800 @end menu |
4801 | |
4802 @node Emacs does not display 8-bit characters, Inputting eight-bit characters, Alternate character sets, Alternate character sets | |
4803 @section How do I make Emacs display 8-bit characters? | |
4804 @cindex Displaying eight-bit characters | |
4805 @cindex Eight-bit characters, displaying | |
4806 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4807 @inforef{Single-Byte Character Support, Single-byte Character Set |
36842
654b53bab583
Change "character terminal" to "text-only terminal".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36515
diff
changeset
|
4808 Support, emacs}. On a Unix, when Emacs runs on a text-only terminal |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4809 display or is invoked with @samp{emacs -nw}, you typically need to use |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4810 @code{set-terminal-coding-system} to tell Emacs what the terminal can |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4811 display, even after setting the language environment; otherwise |
52979
3649390c0f91
Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
4812 non-@acronym{ASCII} characters will display as @samp{?}. On other operating |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4813 systems, such as MS-DOS and MS-Windows, Emacs queries the OS about the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4814 character set supported by the display, and sets up the required |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4815 terminal coding system automatically. |
25474 | 4816 |
4817 @node Inputting eight-bit characters, Kanji and Chinese characters, Emacs does not display 8-bit characters, Alternate character sets | |
4818 @section How do I input eight-bit characters? | |
4819 @cindex Entering eight-bit characters | |
4820 @cindex Eight-bit characters, entering | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4821 @cindex Input, 8-bit characters |
25474 | 4822 |
28127 | 4823 Various methods are available for input of eight-bit characters. See |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4824 @inforef{Single-Byte Character Support, Single-byte Character Set |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4825 Support, emacs}. For more sophisticated methods, @inforef{Input |
28127 | 4826 Methods, Input Methods, emacs}. |
25474 | 4827 |
4828 @node Kanji and Chinese characters, Right-to-left alphabets, Inputting eight-bit characters, Alternate character sets | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4829 @section Where can I get an Emacs that handles kanji, Chinese, or other Far-Eastern character sets? |
25474 | 4830 @cindex Kanji, handling with Emacs |
4831 @cindex Chinese, handling with Emacs | |
4832 @cindex Japanese, handling with Emacs | |
4833 @cindex Korean, handling with Emacs | |
4834 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4835 Emacs 20 and later includes many of the features of MULE, the MULtilingual |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4836 Enhancement to Emacs. @xref{Installing Emacs}, for information on where |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4837 to find and download the latest version of Emacs. |
25474 | 4838 |
4839 @node Right-to-left alphabets, , Kanji and Chinese characters, Alternate character sets | |
4840 @section Where is an Emacs that can handle Semitic (right-to-left) alphabets? | |
4841 @cindex Right-to-left alphabets | |
4842 @cindex Hebrew, handling with Emacs | |
4843 @cindex Semitic alphabets | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4844 @cindex Arabic alphabets |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4845 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4846 Emacs 20 and later supports Hebrew characters (ISO 8859-8), but does not |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4847 yet support right-to-left character entry and display. |
25474 | 4848 |
4849 @email{joel@@exc.com, Joel M. Hoffman} has written a Lisp package called | |
4850 @file{hebrew.el} that allows right-to-left editing of Hebrew. It | |
4851 reportedly works out of the box with Emacs 19, but requires patches for | |
4852 Emacs 18. Write to Joel if you want the patches or package. | |
4853 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4854 @c FIXME: Should we mention Ehud Karni's package? |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4855 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4856 @file{hebrew.el} requires a Hebrew screen font, but no other hardware support. |
36515
9df3f07f2643
Fix case convention for mouse click.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36383
diff
changeset
|
4857 Joel has a screen font for PCs running MS-DOS or GNU/Linux. |
25474 | 4858 |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4859 You might also try to query archie for files named with @file{hebrew}; |
25474 | 4860 several ftp sites in Israel may also have the necessary files. |
4861 | |
4862 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ | |
4863 @node Mail and news, Concept index, Alternate character sets, Top | |
4864 @chapter Mail and news | |
4865 @cindex Mail and news | |
4866 | |
4867 @menu | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4868 * Changing the included text prefix:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4869 * Saving a copy of outgoing mail:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4870 * Expanding aliases when sending mail:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4871 * Rmail thinks all messages are one big one:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4872 * Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4873 * Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4874 * Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4875 * Replying to the sender of a message:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4876 * MIME with Emacs mail packages:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4877 * Automatically starting a mail or news reader:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4878 * Reading news with Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4879 * Gnus does not work with NNTP:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4880 * Viewing articles with embedded underlining:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4881 * Saving a multi-part Gnus posting:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4882 * Starting Gnus faster:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4883 * Catching up in all newsgroups:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4884 * Killing based on nonstandard headers:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4885 * Removing flashing messages:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4886 * Catch-up is slow in Gnus:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4887 * Gnus hangs for a long time:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4888 * Learning more about Gnus:: |
25474 | 4889 @end menu |
4890 | |
4891 @node Changing the included text prefix, Saving a copy of outgoing mail, Mail and news, Mail and news | |
4892 @section How do I change the included text prefix in mail/news followups? | |
4893 @cindex Prefix in mail/news followups, changing | |
4894 @cindex Included text prefix, changing | |
4895 @cindex Setting the included text character | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4896 @cindex Quoting in mail messages |
25474 | 4897 |
4898 If you read mail with Rmail or news with Gnus, set the variable | |
4899 @code{mail-yank-prefix}. For VM, set @code{vm-included-text-prefix}. | |
4900 For mh-e, set @code{mh-ins-buf-prefix}. | |
4901 | |
4902 For fancier control of citations, use Supercite. @xref{Supercite}. | |
4903 | |
4904 To prevent Emacs from including various headers of the replied-to | |
4905 message, set the value of @code{mail-yank-ignored-headers} to an | |
4906 appropriate regexp. | |
4907 | |
4908 @node Saving a copy of outgoing mail, Expanding aliases when sending mail, Changing the included text prefix, Mail and news | |
4909 @section How do I save a copy of outgoing mail? | |
4910 @cindex Saving a copy of outgoing mail | |
4911 @cindex Copying outgoing mail to a file | |
4912 @cindex Filing outgoing mail | |
4913 @cindex Automatic filing of outgoing mail | |
4914 @cindex Mail, saving outgoing automatically | |
4915 | |
4916 You can either mail yourself a copy by including a @samp{BCC} header in the | |
4917 mail message, or store a copy of the message directly to a file by | |
4918 including an @samp{FCC} header. | |
4919 | |
4920 If you use standard mail, you can automatically create a @samp{BCC} to | |
4921 yourself by putting | |
4922 | |
4923 @lisp | |
4924 (setq mail-self-blind t) | |
4925 @end lisp | |
4926 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4927 @noindent |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4928 in your @file{.emacs} file. You can automatically include an @samp{FCC} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4929 field by putting something like the following in your @file{.emacs} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4930 file: |
25474 | 4931 |
4932 @lisp | |
4933 (setq mail-archive-file-name (expand-file-name "~/outgoing")) | |
4934 @end lisp | |
4935 | |
4936 The output file will be in Unix mail format, which can be read directly | |
4937 by VM, but not always by Rmail. @xref{Learning how to do something}. | |
4938 | |
4939 If you use @code{mh-e}, add an @samp{FCC} or @samp{BCC} field to your | |
4940 components file. | |
4941 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4942 It does not work to put @samp{set record filename} in the @file{.mailrc} |
25474 | 4943 file. |
4944 | |
4945 @node Expanding aliases when sending mail, Rmail thinks all messages are one big one, Saving a copy of outgoing mail, Mail and news | |
4946 @section Why doesn't Emacs expand my aliases when sending mail? | |
4947 @cindex Expanding aliases when sending mail | |
4948 @cindex Mail alias expansion | |
4949 @cindex Sending mail with aliases | |
4950 | |
4951 @itemize @bullet | |
4952 | |
4953 @item | |
4954 You must separate multiple addresses in the headers of the mail buffer | |
4955 with commas. This is because Emacs supports RFC822 standard addresses | |
4956 like this one: | |
4957 | |
4958 @example | |
4959 To: Willy Smith <wks@@xpnsv.lwyrs.com> | |
4960 @end example | |
4961 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4962 However, you do not need to---and probably should not, unless your |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4963 system's version of @file{/usr/ucb/mail} (a.k.a.@: @code{mailx}) |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4964 supports RFC822---separate addresses with commas in your |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4965 @file{~/.mailrc} file. |
25474 | 4966 |
4967 @item | |
4968 Emacs normally only reads the @file{.mailrc} file once per session, | |
4969 when you start to compose your first mail message. If you edit | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4970 @file{.mailrc}, you can type @kbd{M-x rebuild-mail-abbrevs @key{RET}} to |
25474 | 4971 make Emacs reread @file{~/.mailrc}. |
4972 | |
4973 @item | |
4974 If you like, you can expand mail aliases as abbrevs, as soon as you | |
4975 type them in. To enable this feature, execute the following: | |
4976 | |
4977 @lisp | |
34922 | 4978 (add-hook 'mail-mode-hook 'mail-abbrevs-setup) |
25474 | 4979 @end lisp |
4980 | |
4981 Note that the aliases are expanded automatically only after you type | |
4982 @key{RET} or a punctuation character (e.g. @kbd{,}). You can force their | |
4983 expansion by moving point to the end of the alias and typing @kbd{C-x a e} | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4984 (@kbd{M-x expand-abbrev}). |
25474 | 4985 @end itemize |
4986 | |
4987 @node Rmail thinks all messages are one big one, Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder, Expanding aliases when sending mail, Mail and news | |
4988 @section Why does Rmail think all my saved messages are one big message? | |
4989 @cindex Rmail thinks all messages are one large message | |
4990 | |
4991 A file created through the @samp{FCC} field in a message is in Unix mail | |
4992 format, not the format that Rmail uses (BABYL format). Rmail will try | |
4993 to convert a Unix mail file into BABYL format on input, but sometimes it | |
4994 makes errors. For guaranteed safety, you can make the | |
4995 @file{saved-messages} file be an inbox for your Rmail file by using the | |
4996 function @code{set-rmail-inbox-list}. | |
4997 | |
4998 @node Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder, Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail, Rmail thinks all messages are one big one, Mail and news | |
4999 @section How can I sort the messages in my Rmail folder? | |
5000 @cindex Rmail, sorting messages in | |
5001 @cindex Folder, sorting messages in an Rmail | |
5002 @cindex Sorting messages in an Rmail folder | |
5003 | |
5004 In Rmail, type @kbd{C-c C-s C-h} to get a list of sorting functions | |
5005 and their key bindings. | |
5006 | |
5007 @node Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail, Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them, Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder, Mail and news | |
5008 @section Why does Rmail need to write to @file{/usr/spool/mail}? | |
5009 @cindex Rmail and @file{/usr/spool/mail} | |
5010 @cindex @file{/usr/spool/mail} and Rmail | |
5011 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5012 This is the behavior of the @code{movemail} program which Rmail uses. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5013 This indicates that @code{movemail} is configured to use lock files. |
25474 | 5014 |
5015 RMS writes: | |
5016 | |
5017 @quotation | |
5018 Certain systems require lock files to interlock access to mail files. | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5019 On these systems, @code{movemail} must write lock files, or you risk losing |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5020 mail. You simply must arrange to let @code{movemail} write them. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5021 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5022 Other systems use the @code{flock} system call to interlock access. On |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5023 these systems, you should configure @code{movemail} to use @code{flock}. |
25474 | 5024 @end quotation |
5025 | |
5026 @node Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them, Replying to the sender of a message, Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail, Mail and news | |
5027 @section How do I recover my mail files after Rmail munges their format? | |
5028 @cindex Recovering munged mail files | |
5029 @cindex Rmail munged my files | |
5030 @cindex Mail files, recovering those munged by Rmail | |
5031 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5032 If you have just done @kbd{M-x rmail-input} on a file and you don't want |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5033 to save it in Rmail's format (called BABYL), just kill the buffer (with |
25474 | 5034 @kbd{C-x k}). |
5035 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5036 @cindex Exporting messages as Unix mail files |
25474 | 5037 If you typed @kbd{M-x rmail} and it read some messages out of your inbox |
5038 and you want to put them in a Unix mail file, use @kbd{C-o} on each | |
5039 message. | |
5040 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5041 @cindex Converting from BABYL to Unix mail format |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5042 @cindex @code{unrmail} command |
25474 | 5043 If you want to convert an existing file from BABYL format to Unix mail |
5044 format, use the command @kbd{M-x unrmail}: it will prompt you for the | |
5045 input and output file names. | |
5046 | |
39304
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5047 @pindex b2m |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5048 Alternatively, you could use the @code{b2m} program supplied with |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5049 Emacs. @code{b2m} is a filter, and is used like this: |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5050 |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5051 @example |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5052 b2m < @var{babyl-file} > @var{mbox-file} |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5053 @end example |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5054 |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5055 @noindent |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5056 where @var{babyl-file} is the name of the BABYL file, and |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5057 @var{mbox-file} is the name of the file where the converted mail will |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5058 be written. |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5059 |
25474 | 5060 @node Replying to the sender of a message, MIME with Emacs mail packages, Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them, Mail and news |
5061 @section How can I force Rmail to reply to the sender of a message, but not the other recipients? | |
5062 @cindex Replying only to the sender of a message | |
5063 @cindex Sender, replying only to | |
5064 @cindex Rmail, replying to the sender of a message in | |
5065 | |
5066 @email{isaacson@@seas.upenn.edu, Ron Isaacson} says: When you hit | |
5067 @key{r} to reply in Rmail, by default it CCs all of the original | |
5068 recipients (everyone on the original @samp{To} and @samp{CC} | |
5069 lists). With a prefix argument (i.e., typing @kbd{C-u} before @key{r}), | |
5070 it replies only to the sender. However, going through the whole | |
5071 @kbd{C-u} business every time you want to reply is a pain. This is the | |
5072 best fix I've been able to come up with: | |
5073 | |
5074 @lisp | |
5075 (defun rmail-reply-t () | |
5076 "Reply only to the sender of the current message. (See rmail-reply.)" | |
5077 (interactive) | |
5078 (rmail-reply t)) | |
5079 | |
5080 (add-hook 'rmail-mode-hook | |
34151
33df9c2e70bf
Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
30692
diff
changeset
|
5081 (lambda () |
33df9c2e70bf
Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
30692
diff
changeset
|
5082 (define-key rmail-mode-map "r" 'rmail-reply-t) |
33df9c2e70bf
Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
30692
diff
changeset
|
5083 (define-key rmail-mode-map "R" 'rmail-reply))) |
25474 | 5084 @end lisp |
5085 | |
5086 @node MIME with Emacs mail packages, Automatically starting a mail or news reader, Replying to the sender of a message, Mail and news | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
5087 @section How can I get my favorite Emacs mail package to support MIME? |
25474 | 5088 @cindex MIME and Emacs mail packages |
5089 @cindex Mail packages and MIME | |
5090 @cindex FAQ for MIME and Emacs | |
5091 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5092 Version 6.x of VM supports MIME. @xref{VM}. Gnus supports MIME in mail |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5093 and news messages as of version 5.8.1 (Pterodactyl). Rmail has limited |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5094 support for single-part MIME messages beginning with Emacs 20.3. |
25474 | 5095 |
5096 @node Automatically starting a mail or news reader, Reading news with Emacs, MIME with Emacs mail packages, Mail and news | |
5097 @section How do I make Emacs automatically start my mail/news reader? | |
5098 @cindex Mail reader, starting automatically | |
5099 @cindex News reader, starting automatically | |
5100 @cindex Starting mail/news reader automatically | |
5101 | |
5102 To start Emacs in Gnus: | |
5103 | |
5104 @example | |
5105 emacs -f gnus | |
5106 @end example | |
5107 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5108 @noindent |
25474 | 5109 in Rmail: |
5110 | |
5111 @example | |
5112 emacs -f rmail | |
5113 @end example | |
5114 | |
5115 A more convenient way to start with Gnus: | |
5116 | |
5117 @example | |
5118 alias gnus 'emacs -f gnus' | |
5119 gnus | |
5120 @end example | |
5121 | |
5122 It is probably unwise to automatically start your mail or news reader | |
5123 from your @file{.emacs} file. This would cause problems if you needed to run | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5124 two copies of Emacs at the same time. Also, this would make it difficult for |
25474 | 5125 you to start Emacs quickly when you needed to. |
5126 | |
5127 @node Reading news with Emacs, Gnus does not work with NNTP, Automatically starting a mail or news reader, Mail and news | |
5128 @section How do I read news under Emacs? | |
5129 @cindex Reading news under Emacs | |
5130 @cindex Usenet reader in Emacs | |
5131 @cindex Gnus newsreader | |
5132 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5133 Use @kbd{M-x gnus}. It is documented in Info (@pxref{Learning how to do |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5134 something}). |
25474 | 5135 |
5136 @node Gnus does not work with NNTP, Viewing articles with embedded underlining, Reading news with Emacs, Mail and news | |
5137 @section Why doesn't Gnus work via NNTP? | |
5138 @cindex Gnus and NNTP | |
5139 @cindex NNTP, Gnus fails to work with | |
5140 | |
5141 There is a bug in NNTP version 1.5.10, such that when multiple requests | |
5142 are sent to the NNTP server, the server only handles the first one | |
5143 before blocking waiting for more input which never comes. NNTP version | |
5144 1.5.11 claims to fix this. | |
5145 | |
5146 You can work around the bug inside Emacs like this: | |
5147 | |
5148 @lisp | |
5149 (setq nntp-maximum-request 1) | |
5150 @end lisp | |
5151 | |
5152 You can find out what version of NNTP your news server is running by | |
5153 telnetting to the NNTP port (usually 119) on the news server machine | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5154 (i.e., @kbd{telnet server-machine 119}). The server should give its |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5155 version number in the welcome message. Type @kbd{quit} to get out. |
25474 | 5156 |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
5157 @xref{Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode}, for some additional ideas. |
25474 | 5158 |
5159 @node Viewing articles with embedded underlining, Saving a multi-part Gnus posting, Gnus does not work with NNTP, Mail and news | |
5160 @section How do I view news articles with embedded underlining (e.g., ClariNews)? | |
5161 @cindex Underlining, embedded in news articles | |
5162 @cindex News articles with embedded underlining | |
5163 @cindex Embedded underlining in news articles | |
5164 | |
5165 Underlining appears like this: | |
5166 | |
5167 @example | |
5168 _^Hu_^Hn_^Hd_^He_^Hr_^Hl_^Hi_^Hn_^Hi_^Hn_^Hg | |
5169 @end example | |
5170 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5171 @email{abraham@@dina.kvl.dk, Per Abrahamsen} suggests using the following |
25474 | 5172 code, which uses the underline face to turn such text into true |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5173 underlining, inconjunction with Gnus: |
25474 | 5174 |
5175 @lisp | |
5176 (defun gnus-article-prepare-overstrike () | |
5177 ;; Prepare article for overstrike commands. | |
5178 (save-excursion | |
5179 (set-buffer gnus-article-buffer) | |
5180 (let ((buffer-read-only nil)) | |
5181 (goto-char (point-min)) | |
5182 (while (search-forward "\b" nil t) | |
5183 (let ((next (following-char)) | |
5184 (previous (char-after (- (point) 2)))) | |
5185 (cond ((eq next previous) | |
5186 (delete-region (- (point) 2) (point)) | |
5187 (put-text-property (point) (1+ (point)) | |
5188 'face 'bold)) | |
5189 ((eq next ?_) | |
5190 (delete-region (1- (point)) (1+ (point))) | |
5191 (put-text-property (1- (point)) (point) | |
5192 'face 'underline)) | |
5193 ((eq previous ?_) | |
5194 (delete-region (- (point) 2) (point)) | |
5195 (put-text-property (point) (1+ (point)) | |
5196 'face 'underline)))))))) | |
5197 | |
5198 (add-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-overstrike) | |
5199 @end lisp | |
5200 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5201 Latest versions of Gnus do such a conversion automatically. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5202 |
25474 | 5203 If you prefer to do away with underlining altogether, you can |
5204 destructively remove it with @kbd{M-x ununderline-region}; do this | |
5205 automatically via | |
5206 | |
5207 @lisp | |
5208 (add-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-hook | |
34151
33df9c2e70bf
Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
30692
diff
changeset
|
5209 (lambda () (ununderline-region (point-min) (point-max)))) |
25474 | 5210 @end lisp |
5211 | |
5212 @node Saving a multi-part Gnus posting, Starting Gnus faster, Viewing articles with embedded underlining, Mail and news | |
5213 @section How do I save all the items of a multi-part posting in Gnus? | |
5214 @cindex Multi-part postings in Gnus, saving | |
5215 @cindex Saving multi-part postings in Gnus | |
5216 @cindex Gnus, saving multi-part postings in | |
5217 | |
5218 Use @code{gnus-uu}. Type @kbd{C-c C-v C-h} in the Gnus summary buffer | |
5219 to see a list of available commands. | |
5220 | |
5221 @node Starting Gnus faster, Catching up in all newsgroups, Saving a multi-part Gnus posting, Mail and news | |
5222 @section How do I make Gnus start up faster? | |
5223 @cindex Faster, starting Gnus | |
5224 @cindex Starting Gnus faster | |
5225 @cindex Gnus, starting faster | |
5226 | |
5227 From the Gnus FAQ (@pxref{Learning more about Gnus}): | |
5228 | |
5229 @quotation | |
5230 @email{pktiwari@@eos.ncsu.edu, Pranav Kumar Tiwari} writes: I posted | |
5231 the same query recently and I got an answer to it. I am going to | |
5232 repeat the answer. What you need is a newer version of gnus, version | |
5233 5.0.4+. I am using 5.0.12 and it works fine with me with the | |
5234 following settings: | |
5235 | |
5236 @lisp | |
5237 (setq gnus-check-new-newsgroups nil | |
5238 gnus-read-active-file 'some | |
5239 gnus-nov-is-evil nil | |
5240 gnus-select-method '(nntp gnus-nntp-server)) | |
5241 @end lisp | |
5242 @end quotation | |
5243 | |
5244 @node Catching up in all newsgroups, Killing based on nonstandard headers, Starting Gnus faster, Mail and news | |
5245 @section How do I catch up all newsgroups in Gnus? | |
5246 @cindex Catching up all newsgroups in Gnus | |
5247 @cindex Gnus, Catching up all newsgroups in | |
5248 | |
5249 In the @file{*Newsgroup*} buffer, type @kbd{M-< C-x ( c y C-x ) M-0 C-x e} | |
5250 | |
5251 Leave off the initial @kbd{M-<} if you only want to catch up from point | |
5252 to the end of the @file{*Newsgroup*} buffer. | |
5253 | |
5254 @node Killing based on nonstandard headers, Removing flashing messages, Catching up in all newsgroups, Mail and news | |
5255 @section Why can't I kill in Gnus based on the Newsgroups/Keywords/Control headers? | |
5256 @cindex Killing articles based on nonstandard headers | |
5257 @cindex Newsgroups header, killing articles based on | |
5258 @cindex Keywords header, killing articles based on | |
5259 @cindex Control header, killing articles based on | |
5260 | |
5261 Gnus will complain that the @samp{Newsgroups}, @samp{Keywords}, and | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5262 @samp{Control} headers are ``Unknown header'' fields. |
25474 | 5263 |
5264 For the @samp{Newsgroups} header, there is an easy workaround: kill on the | |
5265 @samp{Xref} header instead, which will be present on any cross-posted article | |
5266 (as long as your site carries the cross-post group). | |
5267 | |
5268 If you really want to kill on one of these headers, you can do it like | |
5269 this: | |
5270 | |
5271 @lisp | |
5272 (gnus-kill nil "^Newsgroups: .*\\(bad\\.group\\|worse\\.group\\)") | |
5273 @end lisp | |
5274 | |
5275 @node Removing flashing messages, Catch-up is slow in Gnus, Killing based on nonstandard headers, Mail and news | |
5276 @section How do I get rid of flashing messages in Gnus for slow connections? | |
5277 @cindex Flashing Gnus messages, removing | |
5278 @cindex Removing flashing Gnus messages | |
5279 @cindex Slow connections causing flashing messages in Gnus | |
5280 @cindex Gnus, flashing messages in | |
5281 | |
5282 Set @code{nntp-debug-read} to @code{nil}. | |
5283 | |
5284 @node Catch-up is slow in Gnus, Gnus hangs for a long time, Removing flashing messages, Mail and news | |
5285 @section Why is catch up slow in Gnus? | |
5286 @cindex Slow catch up in Gnus | |
5287 @cindex Gnus is slow when catching up | |
5288 @cindex Crosspostings make Gnus catching up slow | |
5289 | |
5290 Because Gnus is marking crosspostings read. You can control this with | |
5291 the variable @code{gnus-use-cross-reference}. | |
5292 | |
5293 @node Gnus hangs for a long time, Learning more about Gnus, Catch-up is slow in Gnus, Mail and news | |
5294 @section Why does Gnus hang for a long time when posting? | |
5295 @cindex Hangs in Gnus | |
5296 @cindex Gnus hangs while posting | |
5297 @cindex Posting, Gnus hangs wile | |
5298 | |
5299 @email{tale@@uunet.uu.net, David Lawrence} explains: | |
5300 | |
5301 @quotation | |
5302 The problem is almost always interaction between NNTP and C News. NNTP | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5303 POST asks C News's @code{inews} to not background itself but rather hang |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5304 around and give its exit status so it knows whether the post was successful. |
25474 | 5305 (That wait will on some systems not return the exit status of the |
5306 waited for job is a different sort of problem.) It ends up taking a | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5307 long time because @code{inews} is calling @code{relaynews}, which often |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5308 waits for another @code{relaynews} to free the lock on the news system |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5309 so it can file the article. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5310 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5311 My preferred solution is to change @code{inews} to not call |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5312 @code{relaynews}, but rather use @code{newsspool}. This loses some |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5313 error-catching functionality, but is for the most part safe as |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5314 @code{inews} will detect a lot of the errors on its own. The C News |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5315 folks have sped up @code{inews}, too, so speed should look better to |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5316 most folks as that update propagates around. |
25474 | 5317 @end quotation |
5318 | |
5319 @node Learning more about Gnus, , Gnus hangs for a long time, Mail and news | |
5320 @section Where can I find out more about Gnus? | |
5321 @cindex FAQ for Gnus | |
5322 @cindex Gnus FAQ | |
50791
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
5323 @cindex Learning more about Gnus |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
5324 |
50954 | 5325 For more information on Gnus, consult the Gnus manual and FAQ, which are |
5326 part of the Gnus distribution. | |
25474 | 5327 |
5328 @node Concept index, , Mail and news, Top | |
5329 @unnumbered Concept Index | |
5330 @printindex cp | |
5331 | |
5332 @contents | |
5333 @bye | |
52401 | 5334 |
5335 @ignore | |
5336 arch-tag: fee0d62d-06cf-43d8-ac21-123408eaf10f | |
5337 @end ignore |