annotate man/emacs.texi @ 62868:3114c221f6b4

(flyspell-version): Function deleted. (flyspell-auto-correct-previous-hook): Doc fix. (flyspell-emacs, flyspell-use-local-map): Vars moved up. (flyspell-default-delayed-commands): add backward-delete-char-untabify. (flyspell-abbrev-p): Default to nil. (flyspell-use-global-abbrev-table-p): Doc fix. (flyspell-large-region): Allow nil as value. (flyspell-use-meta-tab, flyspell-auto-correct-binding): New variables. (mail-mode-flyspell-verify): More robust handling of `mail-header-separator'. More efficient signature detection. Allow for regexp metacharacters in message-header-separator. Adding `To' not to be checked in mail-mode-flyspell-verify. (flyspell-prog-mode): Run flyspell-prog-mode-hook. (flyspell-mouse-map, flyspell-mode-map): Bind C-. and C-, . Bind M-TAB only if flyspell-use-meta-tab. Bind flyspell-auto-correct-binding. (flyspell-mode-on): Bind flyspell-mouse-map and flyspell-mode-map. (flyspell-mode): Doc fix. (flyspell-accept-buffer-local-defs): Preserve current buffer. (flyspell-word-cache-result): New var, always local. (flyspell-check-pre-word-p): Doc fix. (flyspell-check-changed-word-p): Handle spc like newline. (flyspell-post-command-hook): Set flyspell-word-cache-result. (flyspell-word-search-backward, flyspell-word-search-forward): New functions. (flyspell-word): Return t if nothing to check. When parsing TeX code, check for after } or \. Use flyspell-word-search-backward to find previous word. Return nil if duplicated word. For word already checked, return same value as last time. Set flyspell-word-cache-result after checking. Don't clobber the return value. (flyspell-get-word): Major rewrite. (flyspell-external-point-words): New locals pword, pcount. Fix size used in progress message. Find the proper corresponding word in flyspell-large-region-buffer. (flyspell-region): Check for flyspell-large-region = nil. (flyspell-highlight-incorrect-region): Clean up overlays in region. (flyspell-auto-correct-word): Check that WORD is a cons. (flyspell-correct-word): Likewise. (flyspell-auto-correct-previous-word): Narrow down to what's on the screen, and recenter overlays at the end of the next word.
author Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
date Sun, 29 May 2005 14:27:15 +0000
parents 122d68d8ebab
children 9920e64ab5fa 5b029ff3b08d
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1 \input texinfo
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2
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3 @setfilename ../info/emacs
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4 @settitle GNU Emacs Manual
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5
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6 @c The edition number appears in several places in this file
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7 @set EDITION Fourteenth
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8 @set EMACSVER 22.0.50
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9
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10 @copying
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11 This is the @value{EDITION} edition of the @cite{GNU Emacs Manual},
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12 updated for Emacs version @value{EMACSVER}.
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13
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14 Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998,
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15 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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16
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17 @quotation
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18 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
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19 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or
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20 any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the
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21 Invariant Sections being ``The GNU Manifesto'', ``Distribution'' and
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22 ``GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE'', with the Front-Cover texts being ``A GNU
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23 Manual,'' and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below. A copy of the
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24 license is included in the section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation
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25 License.''
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26
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27 (a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: ``You have freedom to copy and modify
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28 this GNU Manual, like GNU software. Copies published by the Free
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29 Software Foundation raise funds for GNU development.''
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30 @end quotation
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31 @end copying
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32
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33 @dircategory Emacs
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34 @direntry
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35 * Emacs: (emacs). The extensible self-documenting text editor.
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36 @end direntry
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37
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38 @c in general, keep the following line commented out, unless doing a
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39 @c copy of this manual that will be published. the manual should go
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40 @c onto the distribution in the full, 8.5 x 11" size.
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41
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42 @c @smallbook
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44 @setchapternewpage odd
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45 @defcodeindex op
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46 @synindex pg cp
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47
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48 @iftex
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49 @kbdinputstyle code
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50
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51 @shorttitlepage GNU Emacs Manual
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52 @end iftex
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54 @titlepage
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55 @sp 6
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56 @center @titlefont{GNU Emacs Manual}
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57 @sp 4
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58 @center @value{EDITION} Edition, Updated for Emacs Version @value{EMACSVER}.
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59 @sp 5
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60 @center Richard Stallman
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61 @page
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62 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll
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63 @insertcopying
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64
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65 @sp 2
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66 ISBN 1-882114-06-X @*
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67 Published by the Free Software Foundation @*
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68 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor @*
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69 Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
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70
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71 @sp 2
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72 Cover art by Etienne Suvasa.
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73
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74 @end titlepage
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75 @page
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76 @ifnottex
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77 @node Top, Distrib, (dir), (dir)
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78 @top The Emacs Editor
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79
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80 Emacs is the extensible, customizable, self-documenting real-time
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81 display editor. This Info file describes how to edit with Emacs and
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82 some of how to customize it; it corresponds to GNU Emacs version
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83 @value{EMACSVER}.
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84
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85 @ifinfo
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86 If you never before used the Info documentation system, type @kbd{h},
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87 and Emacs will take you to a programmed instruction sequence for the
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88 Info commands.
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89 @end ifinfo
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90
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91 For information on extending Emacs, see @ref{Top, Emacs Lisp,, elisp, The
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92 Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}.
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93 @end ifnottex
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94
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95 @ignore
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96 These subcategories have been deleted for simplicity
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97 and to avoid conflicts.
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98 Completion
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99 Backup Files
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100 Auto-Saving: Protection Against Disasters
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101 Snapshots
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102 Text Mode
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103 Outline Mode
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104 @TeX{} Mode
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105 Formatted Text
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106 Fortran Mode
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107 Fortran Indentation
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108 Shell Command History
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109
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110 The ones for Dired and Rmail have had the items turned into :: items
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111 to avoid conflicts.
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112 Also Running Shell Commands from Emacs
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113 and Sending Mail and Registers and Minibuffer.
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114 @end ignore
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115
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116 @menu
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117 * Distrib:: How to get the latest Emacs distribution.
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118 * Copying:: The GNU General Public License gives you permission
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119 to redistribute GNU Emacs on certain terms;
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120 it also explains that there is no warranty.
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121 * GNU Free Documentation License:: The license for this documentation.
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122 * Intro:: An introduction to Emacs concepts.
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123 * Glossary:: The glossary.
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124 * Antinews:: Information about Emacs version 20.
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125 * Mac OS:: Using Emacs in the Mac.
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126 * MS-DOS:: Using Emacs on MS-DOS (otherwise known as "MS-DOG").
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127 * Manifesto:: What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!
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128 * Acknowledgments:: Major contributors to GNU Emacs.
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129
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130 Indexes (nodes containing large menus)
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131 * Key Index:: An item for each standard Emacs key sequence.
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132 * Option Index:: An item for every command-line option.
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133 * Command Index:: An item for each command name.
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134 * Variable Index:: An item for each documented variable.
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135 * Concept Index:: An item for each concept.
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136
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137 Important General Concepts
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138 * Screen:: How to interpret what you see on the screen.
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139 * User Input:: Kinds of input events (characters, buttons,
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140 function keys).
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141 * Keys:: Key sequences: what you type to request one
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142 editing action.
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143 * Commands:: Named functions run by key sequences to do editing.
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144 * Text Characters:: Character set for text (the contents of buffers
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145 and strings).
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146 * Entering Emacs:: Starting Emacs from the shell.
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147 * Exiting:: Stopping or killing Emacs.
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148 * Emacs Invocation:: Hairy startup options.
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149
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150 Fundamental Editing Commands
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151 * Basic:: The most basic editing commands.
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152 * Minibuffer:: Entering arguments that are prompted for.
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153 * M-x:: Invoking commands by their names.
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154 * Help:: Commands for asking Emacs about its commands.
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155
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156 Important Text-Changing Commands
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157 * Mark:: The mark: how to delimit a ``region'' of text.
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158 * Killing:: Killing (cutting) text.
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159 * Yanking:: Recovering killed text. Moving text. (Pasting.)
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160 * Accumulating Text:: Other ways of copying text.
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161 * Rectangles:: Operating on the text inside a rectangle on the screen.
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162 * Registers:: Saving a text string or a location in the buffer.
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163 * Display:: Controlling what text is displayed.
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164 * Search:: Finding or replacing occurrences of a string.
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165 * Fixit:: Commands especially useful for fixing typos.
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166 * Keyboard Macros:: A keyboard macro records a sequence of
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167 keystrokes to be replayed with a single command.
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168
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169 Major Structures of Emacs
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170 * Files:: All about handling files.
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171 * Buffers:: Multiple buffers; editing several files at once.
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172 * Windows:: Viewing two pieces of text at once.
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173 * Frames:: Running the same Emacs session in multiple X windows.
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174 * International:: Using non-@acronym{ASCII} character sets (the MULE features).
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175
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176 Advanced Features
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177 * Major Modes:: Text mode vs. Lisp mode vs. C mode ...
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178 * Indentation:: Editing the white space at the beginnings of lines.
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179 * Text:: Commands and modes for editing English.
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180 * Programs:: Commands and modes for editing programs.
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181 * Building:: Compiling, running and debugging programs.
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182 * Maintaining:: Features for maintaining large programs.
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183 * Abbrevs:: How to define text abbreviations to reduce
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184 the number of characters you must type.
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185 * Picture:: Editing pictures made up of characters
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186 using the quarter-plane screen model.
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187 * Sending Mail:: Sending mail in Emacs.
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188 * Rmail:: Reading mail in Emacs.
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189 * Dired:: You can ``edit'' a directory to manage files in it.
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190 * Calendar/Diary:: The calendar and diary facilities.
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191 * Gnus:: How to read netnews with Emacs.
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192 * Shell:: Executing shell commands from Emacs.
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193 * Emacs Server:: Using Emacs as an editing server for @code{mail}, etc.
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194 * Hardcopy:: Printing buffers or regions.
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195 * PostScript:: Printing buffers or regions as PostScript.
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196 * PostScript Variables::Customizing the PostScript printing commands.
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197 * Sorting:: Sorting lines, paragraphs or pages within Emacs.
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198 * Narrowing:: Restricting display and editing to a portion
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199 of the buffer.
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200 * Two-Column:: Splitting apart columns to edit them
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201 in side-by-side windows.
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202 * Editing Binary Files::Using Hexl mode to edit binary files.
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203 * Saving Emacs Sessions:: Saving Emacs state from one session to the next.
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204 * Recursive Edit:: A command can allow you to do editing
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205 "within the command". This is called a
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206 "recursive editing level".
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207 * Emulation:: Emulating some other editors with Emacs.
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208 * Hyperlinking:: Following links in buffers.
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209 * Dissociated Press:: Dissociating text for fun.
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210 * Amusements:: Various games and hacks.
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211 * Customization:: Modifying the behavior of Emacs.
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212 * X Resources:: X resources for customizing Emacs.
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213
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214 Recovery from Problems
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215 * Quitting:: Quitting and aborting.
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216 * Lossage:: What to do if Emacs is hung or malfunctioning.
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217 * Bugs:: How and when to report a bug.
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218 * Contributing:: How to contribute improvements to Emacs.
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219 * Service:: How to get help for your own Emacs needs.
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220
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221 Detailed Node Listing
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222 ---------------------
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223
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224 Here are some other nodes which are really inferiors of the ones
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225 already listed, mentioned here so you can get to them in one step:
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226
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227 The Organization of the Screen
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228
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229 * Point:: The place in the text where editing commands operate.
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230 * Echo Area:: Short messages appear at the bottom of the screen.
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231 * Mode Line:: Interpreting the mode line.
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232 * Menu Bar:: How to use the menu bar.
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233
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234 Basic Editing Commands
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235
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236 * Inserting Text:: Inserting text by simply typing it.
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237 * Moving Point:: How to move the cursor to the place where you want to
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238 change something.
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239 * Erasing:: Deleting and killing text.
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240 * Undo:: Undoing recent changes in the text.
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241 * Basic Files:: Visiting, creating, and saving files.
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242 * Basic Help:: Asking what a character does.
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243 * Blank Lines:: Commands to make or delete blank lines.
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244 * Continuation Lines:: Lines too wide for the screen.
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245 * Position Info:: What page, line, row, or column is point on?
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246 * Arguments:: Numeric arguments for repeating a command.
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247 * Repeating:: A short-cut for repeating the previous command.
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248
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249 The Minibuffer
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250
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251 * Minibuffer File:: Entering file names with the minibuffer.
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252 * Minibuffer Edit:: How to edit in the minibuffer.
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253 * Completion:: An abbreviation facility for minibuffer input.
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254 * Minibuffer History:: Reusing recent minibuffer arguments.
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255 * Repetition:: Re-executing commands that used the minibuffer.
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256
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257 Help
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258
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259 * Help Summary:: Brief list of all Help commands.
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260 * Key Help:: Asking what a key does in Emacs.
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261 * Name Help:: Asking about a command, variable or function name.
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262 * Apropos:: Asking what pertains to a given topic.
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263 * Library Keywords:: Finding Lisp libraries by keywords (topics).
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264 * Language Help:: Help relating to international language support.
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265 * Help Mode:: Special features of Help mode and Help buffers.
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266 * Misc Help:: Other help commands.
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267 * Help Files:: Commands to display pre-written help files.
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268 * Help Echo:: Help on active text and tooltips (`balloon help')
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269
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270 The Mark and the Region
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271
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272 * Setting Mark:: Commands to set the mark.
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273 * Transient Mark:: How to make Emacs highlight the region--
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274 when there is one.
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275 * Momentary Mark:: Enabling Transient Mark mode momentarily.
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276 * Using Region:: Summary of ways to operate on contents of the region.
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277 * Marking Objects:: Commands to put region around textual units.
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278 * Mark Ring:: Previous mark positions saved so you can go back there.
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279 * Global Mark Ring:: Previous mark positions in various buffers.
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280
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281 Killing and Moving Text
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282
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283 * Deletion:: Commands for deleting small amounts of text and
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284 blank areas.
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285 * Killing by Lines:: How to kill entire lines of text at one time.
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286 * Other Kill Commands:: Commands to kill large regions of text and
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287 syntactic units such as words and sentences.
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288 * Graphical Kill:: The kill ring on graphical terminals:
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289 yanking between applications.
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290
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291 Yanking
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292
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293 * Kill Ring:: Where killed text is stored. Basic yanking.
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294 * Appending Kills:: Several kills in a row all yank together.
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295 * Earlier Kills:: Yanking something killed some time ago.
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296
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297 Registers
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298
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299 * RegPos:: Saving positions in registers.
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300 * RegText:: Saving text in registers.
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301 * RegRect:: Saving rectangles in registers.
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302 * RegConfig:: Saving window configurations in registers.
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303 * RegNumbers:: Numbers in registers.
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304 * RegFiles:: File names in registers.
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305 * Bookmarks:: Bookmarks are like registers, but persistent.
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306
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307 Controlling the Display
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308
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309 * Faces:: How to change the display style using faces.
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310 * Font Lock:: Minor mode for syntactic highlighting using faces.
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311 * Highlight Changes:: Using colors to show where you changed the buffer.
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312 * Highlight Interactively:: Tell Emacs what text to highlight.
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313 * Scrolling:: Moving text up and down in a window.
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314 * Horizontal Scrolling:: Moving text left and right in a window.
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315 * Fringes:: Enabling or disabling window fringes.
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316 * Useless Whitespace:: Showing possibly-spurious trailing whitespace.
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317 * Follow Mode:: Follow mode lets two windows scroll as one.
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318 * Selective Display:: Hiding lines with lots of indentation.
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319 * Optional Mode Line:: Optional mode line display features.
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320 * Text Display:: How text characters are normally displayed.
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321 * Cursor Display:: Features for displaying the cursor.
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322 * Display Custom:: Information on variables for customizing display.
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323
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324 Searching and Replacement
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325
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326 * Incremental Search:: Search happens as you type the string.
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327 * Nonincremental Search:: Specify entire string and then search.
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328 * Word Search:: Search for sequence of words.
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329 * Regexp Search:: Search for match for a regexp.
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330 * Regexps:: Syntax of regular expressions.
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331 * Search Case:: To ignore case while searching, or not.
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332 * Replace:: Search, and replace some or all matches.
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333 * Other Repeating Search:: Operating on all matches for some regexp.
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334
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335 Replacement Commands
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336
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337 * Unconditional Replace:: Replacing all matches for a string.
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338 * Regexp Replace:: Replacing all matches for a regexp.
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339 * Replacement and Case:: How replacements preserve case of letters.
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340 * Query Replace:: How to use querying.
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341
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342 Commands for Fixing Typos
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343
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344 * Kill Errors:: Commands to kill a batch of recently entered text.
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345 * Transpose:: Exchanging two characters, words, lines, lists...
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346 * Fixing Case:: Correcting case of last word entered.
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347 * Spelling:: Apply spelling checker to a word or a whole buffer.
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348
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349 Keyboard Macros
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350
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351 * Basic Keyboard Macro:: Defining and running keyboard macros.
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352 * Keyboard Macro Ring:: Where previous keyboard macros are saved.
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353 * Keyboard Macro Counter:: Inserting incrementing numbers in macros.
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354 * Keyboard Macro Query:: Making keyboard macros do different things each time.
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355 * Save Keyboard Macro:: Giving keyboard macros names; saving them in files.
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356 * Edit Keyboard Macro:: Editing keyboard macros.
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357 * Keyboard Macro Step-Edit:: Interactively executing and editing a keyboard
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358 macro.
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359
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360 File Handling
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361
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362 * File Names:: How to type and edit file-name arguments.
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363 * Visiting:: Visiting a file prepares Emacs to edit the file.
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364 * Saving:: Saving makes your changes permanent.
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365 * Reverting:: Reverting cancels all the changes not saved.
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366 * Auto Save:: Auto Save periodically protects against loss of data.
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367 * File Aliases:: Handling multiple names for one file.
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368 * Version Control:: Version control systems (RCS, CVS and SCCS).
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369 * Directories:: Creating, deleting, and listing file directories.
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370 * Comparing Files:: Finding where two files differ.
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371 * Misc File Ops:: Other things you can do on files.
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372 * Compressed Files:: Accessing compressed files.
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373 * File Archives:: Operating on tar, zip, jar etc. archive files.
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374 * Remote Files:: Accessing files on other sites.
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375 * Quoted File Names:: Quoting special characters in file names.
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376 * File Name Cache:: Completion against a list of files you often use.
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377 * File Conveniences:: Convenience Features for Finding Files.
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378 * Filesets:: Handling sets of files.
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379
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380 Saving Files
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381
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382 * Backup:: How Emacs saves the old version of your file.
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383 * Interlocking:: How Emacs protects against simultaneous editing
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384 of one file by two users.
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385 * File Shadowing:: Copying files to "shadows" automatically.
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386 * Time Stamps:: Emacs can update time stamps on saved files.
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387
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388 Version Control
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389
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390 * Introduction to VC:: How version control works in general.
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391 * VC Mode Line:: How the mode line shows version control status.
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392 * Basic VC Editing:: How to edit a file under version control.
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393 * Old Versions:: Examining and comparing old versions.
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394 * Secondary VC Commands:: The commands used a little less frequently.
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395 * Branches:: Multiple lines of development.
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396 * Remote Repositories:: Efficient access to remote CVS servers.
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397 * Snapshots:: Sets of file versions treated as a unit.
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398 * Miscellaneous VC:: Various other commands and features of VC.
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399 * Customizing VC:: Variables that change VC's behavior.
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400
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401 Using Multiple Buffers
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402
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403 * Select Buffer:: Creating a new buffer or reselecting an old one.
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404 * List Buffers:: Getting a list of buffers that exist.
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405 * Misc Buffer:: Renaming; changing read-onliness; copying text.
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406 * Kill Buffer:: Killing buffers you no longer need.
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407 * Several Buffers:: How to go through the list of all buffers
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408 and operate variously on several of them.
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409 * Indirect Buffers:: An indirect buffer shares the text of another buffer.
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410 * Buffer Convenience:: Convenience and customization features for
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411 buffer handling.
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412
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413 Multiple Windows
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414
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415 * Basic Window:: Introduction to Emacs windows.
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416 * Split Window:: New windows are made by splitting existing windows.
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417 * Other Window:: Moving to another window or doing something to it.
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418 * Pop Up Window:: Finding a file or buffer in another window.
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419 * Force Same Window:: Forcing certain buffers to appear in the selected
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420 window rather than in another window.
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421 * Change Window:: Deleting windows and changing their sizes.
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422 * Window Convenience:: Convenience functions for window handling.
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423
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424 Frames and X Windows
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425
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426 * Mouse Commands:: Moving, cutting, and pasting, with the mouse.
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427 * Secondary Selection:: Cutting without altering point and mark.
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428 * Clipboard:: Using the clipboard for selections.
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429 * Mouse References:: Using the mouse to select an item from a list.
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430 * Menu Mouse Clicks:: Mouse clicks that bring up menus.
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431 * Mode Line Mouse:: Mouse clicks on the mode line.
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432 * Creating Frames:: Creating additional Emacs frames with various contents.
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433 * Frame Commands:: Iconifying, deleting, and switching frames.
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434 * Speedbar:: How to make and use a speedbar frame.
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435 * Multiple Displays:: How one Emacs job can talk to several displays.
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436 * Special Buffer Frames:: You can make certain buffers have their own frames.
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437 * Frame Parameters:: Changing the colors and other modes of frames.
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438 * Scroll Bars:: How to enable and disable scroll bars; how to use them.
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439 * Wheeled Mice:: Using mouse wheels for scrolling.
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440 * Drag and Drop:: Using drag and drop to open files and insert text.
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441 * Menu Bars:: Enabling and disabling the menu bar.
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442 * Tool Bars:: Enabling and disabling the tool bar.
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443 * Dialog Boxes:: Controlling use of dialog boxes.
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444 * Tooltips:: Showing "tooltips", AKA "balloon help" for active text.
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445 * Mouse Avoidance:: Moving the mouse pointer out of the way.
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446 * Non-Window Terminals:: Multiple frames on terminals that show only one.
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447 * XTerm Mouse:: Using the mouse in an XTerm terminal emulator.
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448
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449 International Character Set Support
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450
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451 * International Chars:: Basic concepts of multibyte characters.
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452 * Enabling Multibyte:: Controlling whether to use multibyte characters.
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453 * Language Environments:: Setting things up for the language you use.
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454 * Input Methods:: Entering text characters not on your keyboard.
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455 * Select Input Method:: Specifying your choice of input methods.
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456 * Multibyte Conversion:: How single-byte characters convert to multibyte.
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457 * Coding Systems:: Character set conversion when you read and
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458 write files, and so on.
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459 * Recognize Coding:: How Emacs figures out which conversion to use.
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460 * Specify Coding:: Various ways to choose which conversion to use.
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461 * Fontsets:: Fontsets are collections of fonts
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462 that cover the whole spectrum of characters.
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463 * Defining Fontsets:: Defining a new fontset.
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464 * Undisplayable Characters::When characters don't display.
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465 * Single-Byte Character Support:: You can pick one European character set
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466 to use without multibyte characters.
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467 * Charsets:: How Emacs groups its internal character codes.
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468
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469 Major Modes
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470
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471 * Choosing Modes:: How major modes are specified or chosen.
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472
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473 Indentation
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474
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475 * Indentation Commands:: Various commands and techniques for indentation.
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476 * Tab Stops:: You can set arbitrary "tab stops" and then
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477 indent to the next tab stop when you want to.
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478 * Just Spaces:: You can request indentation using just spaces.
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479
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480 Commands for Human Languages
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481
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482 * Words:: Moving over and killing words.
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483 * Sentences:: Moving over and killing sentences.
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484 * Paragraphs:: Moving over paragraphs.
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485 * Pages:: Moving over pages.
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486 * Filling:: Filling or justifying text.
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487 * Case:: Changing the case of text.
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488 * Text Mode:: The major modes for editing text files.
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489 * Outline Mode:: Editing outlines.
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490 * TeX Mode:: Editing input to the formatter TeX.
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491 * HTML Mode:: Editing HTML, SGML, and XML files.
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492 * Nroff Mode:: Editing input to the formatter nroff.
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493 * Formatted Text:: Editing formatted text directly in WYSIWYG fashion.
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494 * Text Based Tables:: Editing text-based tables in WYSIWYG fashion.
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495
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496 Filling Text
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497
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498 * Auto Fill:: Auto Fill mode breaks long lines automatically.
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499 * Refill:: Keeping paragraphs filled.
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500 * Fill Commands:: Commands to refill paragraphs and center lines.
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parents:
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501 * Fill Prefix:: Filling paragraphs that are indented
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parents:
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502 or in a comment, etc.
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503 * Adaptive Fill:: How Emacs can determine the fill prefix automatically.
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504 * Longlines:: Editing text with very long lines.
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505
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506 Editing Programs
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507
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508 * Program Modes:: Major modes for editing programs.
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509 * Defuns:: Commands to operate on major top-level parts
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
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510 of a program.
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511 * Program Indent:: Adjusting indentation to show the nesting.
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512 * Parentheses:: Commands that operate on parentheses.
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513 * Comments:: Inserting, killing, and aligning comments.
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514 * Documentation:: Getting documentation of functions you plan to call.
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
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515 * Hideshow:: Displaying blocks selectively.
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516 * Symbol Completion:: Completion on symbol names of your program or language.
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517 * Glasses:: Making identifiersLikeThis more readable.
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518 * Misc for Programs:: Other Emacs features useful for editing programs.
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519 * C Modes:: Special commands of C, C++, Objective-C,
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520 Java, and Pike modes.
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521 * Fortran:: Fortran mode and its special features.
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
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522 * Asm Mode:: Asm mode and its special features.
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523
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524 Top-Level Definitions, or Defuns
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525
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526 * Left Margin Paren:: An open-paren or similar opening delimiter
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527 starts a defun if it is at the left margin.
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528 * Moving by Defuns:: Commands to move over or mark a major definition.
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
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parents: 38131
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529 * Imenu:: Making buffer indexes as menus.
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530 * Which Function:: Which Function mode shows which function you are in.
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531
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532 Indentation for Programs
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533
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534 * Basic Indent:: Indenting a single line.
38199
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535 * Multi-line Indent:: Commands to reindent many lines at once.
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536 * Lisp Indent:: Specifying how each Lisp function should be indented.
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537 * C Indent:: Extra features for indenting C and related modes.
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
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538 * Custom C Indent:: Controlling indentation style for C and related modes.
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539
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540 Commands for Editing with Parentheses
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541
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542 * Expressions:: Expressions with balanced parentheses.
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543 * Moving by Parens:: Commands for moving up, down and across
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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544 in the structure of parentheses.
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545 * Matching:: Insertion of a close-delimiter flashes matching open.
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546
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547 Manipulating Comments
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548
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549 * Comment Commands:: Inserting, killing, and indenting comments.
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550 * Multi-Line Comments:: Commands for adding and editing multi-line comments.
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551 * Options for Comments::Customizing the comment features.
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552
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553 Documentation Lookup
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554
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555 * Info Lookup:: Looking up library functions and commands
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556 in Info files.
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557 * Man Page:: Looking up man pages of library functions and commands.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38131
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558 * Lisp Doc:: Looking up Emacs Lisp functions, etc.
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
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diff changeset
559
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560 C and Related Modes
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561
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562 * Motion in C:: Commands to move by C statements, etc.
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563 * Electric C:: Colon and other chars can automatically reindent.
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
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parents: 38131
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564 * Hungry Delete:: A more powerful DEL command.
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565 * Other C Commands:: Filling comments, viewing expansion of macros,
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
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diff changeset
566 and other neat features.
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
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parents: 38131
diff changeset
567
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
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568 Fortran Mode
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diff changeset
569
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570 * Fortran Motion:: Moving point by statements or subprograms.
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Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
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571 * Fortran Indent:: Indentation commands for Fortran.
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
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572 * Fortran Comments:: Inserting and aligning comments.
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Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
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573 * Fortran Autofill:: Auto fill minor mode for Fortran.
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Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
574 * Fortran Columns:: Measuring columns for valid Fortran.
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Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
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575 * Fortran Abbrev:: Built-in abbrevs for Fortran keywords.
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576
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577 Compiling and Testing Programs
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parents:
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578
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579 * Compilation:: Compiling programs in languages other
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
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parents:
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580 than Lisp (C, Pascal, etc.).
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parents:
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581 * Compilation Mode:: The mode for visiting compiler errors.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
582 * Compilation Shell:: Customizing your shell properly
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parents:
diff changeset
583 for use in the compilation buffer.
61049
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 61048
diff changeset
584 * Grep Searching:: Searching with grep.
b1f81e293b57 (Top): Update list of subnodes of building.texi.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 61048
diff changeset
585 * Flymake:: Finding syntax errors on the fly.
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586 * Debuggers:: Running symbolic debuggers for non-Lisp programs.
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Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
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587 * Executing Lisp:: Various modes for editing Lisp programs,
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diff changeset
588 with different facilities for running
49600
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parents: 48531
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589 the Lisp programs.
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parents:
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590 * Lisp Libraries:: Creating Lisp programs to run in Emacs.
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diff changeset
591 * Lisp Eval:: Executing a single Lisp expression in Emacs.
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parents:
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592 * Lisp Interaction:: Executing Lisp in an Emacs buffer.
49600
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Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48531
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593 * External Lisp:: Communicating through Emacs with a separate Lisp.
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parents:
diff changeset
594
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
595 Running Debuggers Under Emacs
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
596
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
597 * Starting GUD:: How to start a debugger subprocess.
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parents:
diff changeset
598 * Debugger Operation:: Connection between the debugger and source buffers.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
599 * Commands of GUD:: Key bindings for common commands.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
600 * GUD Customization:: Defining your own commands for GUD.
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parents: 61848
diff changeset
601 * GDB Graphical Interface:: An enhanced mode that uses GDB features to
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
602 implement a graphical debugging environment through
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
603 Emacs.
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parents:
diff changeset
604
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605 Maintaining Programs
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diff changeset
606
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
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607 * Change Log:: Maintaining a change history for your program.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40525
diff changeset
608 @ignore
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39059
diff changeset
609 * Authors:: Maintaining the Emacs @file{AUTHORS} file.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40525
diff changeset
610 @end ignore
38199
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611 * Tags:: Go direct to any function in your program in one
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
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diff changeset
612 command. Tags remembers which file it is in.
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
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parents: 38131
diff changeset
613 * Emerge:: A convenient way of merging two versions of a program.
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38131
diff changeset
614
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parents: 38131
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615 Tags Tables
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diff changeset
616
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617 * Tag Syntax:: Tag syntax for various types of code and text files.
38199
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618 * Create Tags Table:: Creating a tags table with @code{etags}.
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Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
619 * Etags Regexps:: Create arbitrary tags using regular expressions.
38199
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620 * Select Tags Table:: How to visit a tags table.
49600
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diff changeset
621 * Find Tag:: Commands to find the definition of a specific tag.
38199
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38131
diff changeset
622 * Tags Search:: Using a tags table for searching and replacing.
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38131
diff changeset
623 * List Tags:: Listing and finding tags defined in a file.
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38131
diff changeset
624
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38131
diff changeset
625 Merging Files with Emerge
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38131
diff changeset
626
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38131
diff changeset
627 * Overview of Emerge:: How to start Emerge. Basic concepts.
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38131
diff changeset
628 * Submodes of Emerge:: Fast mode vs. Edit mode.
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38131
diff changeset
629 Skip Prefers mode and Auto Advance mode.
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38131
diff changeset
630 * State of Difference:: You do the merge by specifying state A or B
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38131
diff changeset
631 for each difference.
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38131
diff changeset
632 * Merge Commands:: Commands for selecting a difference,
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38131
diff changeset
633 changing states of differences, etc.
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38131
diff changeset
634 * Exiting Emerge:: What to do when you've finished the merge.
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38131
diff changeset
635 * Combining in Emerge:: How to keep both alternatives for a difference.
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38131
diff changeset
636 * Fine Points of Emerge:: Misc.
01e8262e28af Reorganize structure of Editing Programs,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38131
diff changeset
637
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parents:
diff changeset
638 Abbrevs
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
639
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
640 * Abbrev Concepts:: Fundamentals of defined abbrevs.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
641 * Defining Abbrevs:: Defining an abbrev, so it will expand when typed.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
642 * Expanding Abbrevs:: Controlling expansion: prefixes, canceling expansion.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
643 * Editing Abbrevs:: Viewing or editing the entire list of defined abbrevs.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
644 * Saving Abbrevs:: Saving the entire list of abbrevs for another session.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
645 * Dynamic Abbrevs:: Abbreviations for words already in the buffer.
62472
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
646 * Dabbrev Customization:: What is a word, for dynamic abbrevs. Case handling.
24093
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
647
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
648 Editing Pictures
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
649
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
650 * Basic Picture:: Basic concepts and simple commands of Picture Mode.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
651 * Insert in Picture:: Controlling direction of cursor motion
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
652 after "self-inserting" characters.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
653 * Tabs in Picture:: Various features for tab stops and indentation.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
654 * Rectangles in Picture:: Clearing and superimposing rectangles.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
655
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
656 Sending Mail
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
657
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
658 * Mail Format:: Format of the mail being composed.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
659 * Mail Headers:: Details of permitted mail header fields.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
660 * Mail Aliases:: Abbreviating and grouping mail addresses.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
661 * Mail Mode:: Special commands for editing mail being composed.
36212
339b9d45f288 Distracting NSA => Mail Amusements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36211
diff changeset
662 * Mail Amusements:: Distract the NSA's attention; add a fortune to a msg.
24093
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
663 * Mail Methods:: Using alternative mail-composition methods.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
664
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
665 Reading Mail with Rmail
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
666
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
667 * Rmail Basics:: Basic concepts of Rmail, and simple use.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
668 * Rmail Scrolling:: Scrolling through a message.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
669 * Rmail Motion:: Moving to another message.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
670 * Rmail Deletion:: Deleting and expunging messages.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
671 * Rmail Inbox:: How mail gets into the Rmail file.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
672 * Rmail Files:: Using multiple Rmail files.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
673 * Rmail Output:: Copying message out to files.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
674 * Rmail Labels:: Classifying messages by labeling them.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
675 * Rmail Attributes:: Certain standard labels, called attributes.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
676 * Rmail Reply:: Sending replies to messages you are viewing.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
677 * Rmail Summary:: Summaries show brief info on many messages.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
678 * Rmail Sorting:: Sorting messages in Rmail.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
679 * Rmail Display:: How Rmail displays a message; customization.
62472
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
680 * Rmail Coding:: How Rmail handles decoding character sets.
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
681 * Rmail Editing:: Editing message text and headers in Rmail.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
682 * Rmail Digest:: Extracting the messages from a digest message.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
683 * Out of Rmail:: Converting an Rmail file to mailbox format.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
684 * Rmail Rot13:: Reading messages encoded in the rot13 code.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
685 * Movemail:: More details of fetching new mail.
62472
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
686 * Remote Mailboxes:: Retrieving Mail from Remote Mailboxes.
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
687 * Other Mailbox Formats:: Retrieving Mail from Local Mailboxes in
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
688 Various Formats
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
689
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
690 Dired, the Directory Editor
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
691
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
692 * Dired Enter:: How to invoke Dired.
37993
1ff0891cec4c Change "Dired Commands" to "Dired Navigation". Move the general
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37844
diff changeset
693 * Dired Navigation:: How to move in the Dired buffer.
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
694 * Dired Deletion:: Deleting files with Dired.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
695 * Flagging Many Files:: Flagging files based on their names.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
696 * Dired Visiting:: Other file operations through Dired.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
697 * Marks vs Flags:: Flagging for deletion vs marking.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
698 * Operating on Files:: How to copy, rename, print, compress, etc.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
699 either one file or several files.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
700 * Shell Commands in Dired:: Running a shell command on the marked files.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
701 * Transforming File Names:: Using patterns to rename multiple files.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
702 * Comparison in Dired:: Running `diff' by way of Dired.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
703 * Subdirectories in Dired:: Adding subdirectories to the Dired buffer.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
704 * Subdirectory Motion:: Moving across subdirectories, and up and down.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
705 * Hiding Subdirectories:: Making subdirectories visible or invisible.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
706 * Dired Updating:: Discarding lines for files of no interest.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
707 * Dired and Find:: Using `find' to choose the files for Dired.
61048
c2e6f95ca668 (Top): Update list of subnodes of Dired.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 61006
diff changeset
708 * Wdired:: Operating on files by editing the Dired buffer.
c2e6f95ca668 (Top): Update list of subnodes of Dired.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 61006
diff changeset
709 * Misc Dired Features:: Various other features.
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
710
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
711 The Calendar and the Diary
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
712
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
713 * Calendar Motion:: Moving through the calendar; selecting a date.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
714 * Scroll Calendar:: Bringing earlier or later months onto the screen.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
715 * Counting Days:: How many days are there between two dates?
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
716 * General Calendar:: Exiting or recomputing the calendar.
62472
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
717 * LaTeX Calendar:: Print a calendar using LaTeX.
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
718 * Holidays:: Displaying dates of holidays.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
719 * Sunrise/Sunset:: Displaying local times of sunrise and sunset.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
720 * Lunar Phases:: Displaying phases of the moon.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
721 * Other Calendars:: Converting dates to other calendar systems.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
722 * Diary:: Displaying events from your diary.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
723 * Appointments:: Reminders when it's time to do something.
62472
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
724 * Importing Diary:: Converting diary events to/from other formats.
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
725 * Daylight Savings:: How to specify when daylight savings time is active.
62472
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
726 * Time Intervals:: Keeping track of time intervals.
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
727
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
728 Movement in the Calendar
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
729
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
730 * Calendar Unit Motion:: Moving by days, weeks, months, and years.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
731 * Move to Beginning or End:: Moving to start/end of weeks, months, and years.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
732 * Specified Dates:: Moving to the current date or another
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
733 specific date.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
734
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
735 Conversion To and From Other Calendars
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
736
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
737 * Calendar Systems:: The calendars Emacs understands
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
738 (aside from Gregorian).
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
739 * To Other Calendar:: Converting the selected date to various calendars.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
740 * From Other Calendar:: Moving to a date specified in another calendar.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
741 * Mayan Calendar:: Moving to a date specified in a Mayan calendar.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
742
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
743 The Diary
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
744
61006
36dcfa905f54 (Top): Rename "Diary Commands" section.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 60803
diff changeset
745 * Displaying the Diary:: Viewing diary entries and associated calendar dates.
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
746 * Format of Diary File:: Entering events in your diary.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
747 * Date Formats:: Various ways you can specify dates.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
748 * Adding to Diary:: Commands to create diary entries.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
749 * Special Diary Entries:: Anniversaries, blocks of dates, cyclic entries, etc.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
750
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52582
diff changeset
751 Gnus
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
752
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
753 * Buffers of Gnus:: The group, summary, and article buffers.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
754 * Gnus Startup:: What you should know about starting Gnus.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
755 * Summary of Gnus:: A short description of the basic Gnus commands.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
756
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
757 Running Shell Commands from Emacs
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
758
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
759 * Single Shell:: How to run one shell command and return.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
760 * Interactive Shell:: Permanent shell taking input via Emacs.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
761 * Shell Mode:: Special Emacs commands used with permanent shell.
62472
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
762 * Shell Prompts:: Two ways to recognize shell prompts.
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
763 * Shell History:: Repeating previous commands in a shell buffer.
62472
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
764 * Directory Tracking:: Keeping track when the subshell changes directory.
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
765 * Shell Options:: Options for customizing Shell mode.
62472
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
766 * Terminal emulator:: An Emacs window as a terminal emulator.
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
767 * Term Mode:: Special Emacs commands used in Term mode.
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
768 * Paging in Term:: Paging in the terminal emulator.
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
769 * Remote Host:: Connecting to another computer.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
770
62472
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
771 Using Emacs as a Server
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
772
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
773 * Invoking emacsclient:: Emacs client startup options.
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
774
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
775 Hyperlinking and Navigation Features
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
776
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
777 * Browse-URL:: Following URLs.
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
778 * Goto-address:: Activating URLs.
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
779 * FFAP:: Finding files etc. at point.
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
780
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
781 Customization
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
782
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diff changeset
783 * Minor Modes:: Each minor mode is one feature you can turn on
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
784 independently of any others.
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diff changeset
785 * Easy Customization:: Convenient way to browse and change user options.
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parents:
diff changeset
786 * Variables:: Many Emacs commands examine Emacs variables
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
787 to decide what to do; by setting variables,
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
788 you can control their functioning.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
789 * Key Bindings:: The keymaps say what command each key runs.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
790 By changing them, you can "redefine keys".
62472
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
791 * Keyboard Translations:: If your keyboard passes an undesired code
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
792 for a key, you can tell Emacs to
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
793 substitute another code.
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parents:
diff changeset
794 * Syntax:: The syntax table controls how words and
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38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
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parents: 61848
diff changeset
795 expressions are parsed.
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parents:
diff changeset
796 * Init File:: How to write common customizations in the
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23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48531
diff changeset
797 @file{.emacs} file.
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parents:
diff changeset
798
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
799 Variables
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parents:
diff changeset
800
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parents:
diff changeset
801 * Examining:: Examining or setting one variable's value.
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
802 * Hooks:: Hook variables let you specify programs for parts
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parents:
diff changeset
803 of Emacs to run on particular occasions.
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parents:
diff changeset
804 * Locals:: Per-buffer values of variables.
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
805 * File Variables:: How files can specify variable values.
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parents:
diff changeset
806
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parents:
diff changeset
807 Customizing Key Bindings
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parents:
diff changeset
808
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parents:
diff changeset
809 * Keymaps:: Generalities. The global keymap.
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parents:
diff changeset
810 * Prefix Keymaps:: Keymaps for prefix keys.
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parents:
diff changeset
811 * Local Keymaps:: Major and minor modes have their own keymaps.
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parents:
diff changeset
812 * Minibuffer Maps:: The minibuffer uses its own local keymaps.
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parents:
diff changeset
813 * Rebinding:: How to redefine one key's meaning conveniently.
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
814 * Init Rebinding:: Rebinding keys with your init file, @file{.emacs}.
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
815 * Function Keys:: Rebinding terminal function keys.
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parents:
diff changeset
816 * Named ASCII Chars:: Distinguishing @key{TAB} from @kbd{C-i}, and so on.
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parents: 61848
diff changeset
817 * Non-ASCII Rebinding:: Rebinding non-@acronym{ASCII} characters such as Latin-1.
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diff changeset
818 * Mouse Buttons:: Rebinding mouse buttons in Emacs.
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parents:
diff changeset
819 * Disabling:: Disabling a command means confirmation is required
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
820 before it can be executed. This is done to protect
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
821 beginners from surprises.
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parents:
diff changeset
822
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diff changeset
823 The Init File, @file{~/.emacs}
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parents:
diff changeset
824
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parents:
diff changeset
825 * Init Syntax:: Syntax of constants in Emacs Lisp.
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
826 * Init Examples:: How to do some things with an init file.
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parents:
diff changeset
827 * Terminal Init:: Each terminal type can have an init file.
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
828 * Find Init:: How Emacs finds the init file.
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parents:
diff changeset
829
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diff changeset
830 Dealing with Emacs Trouble
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parents:
diff changeset
831
38767
5889c45fd6ad Change the name of the "DEL Doesn't Delete" node to "DEL Does Not Delete",
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38400
diff changeset
832 * DEL Does Not Delete:: What to do if @key{DEL} doesn't delete.
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diff changeset
833 * Stuck Recursive:: `[...]' in mode line around the parentheses.
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parents:
diff changeset
834 * Screen Garbled:: Garbage on the screen.
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parents:
diff changeset
835 * Text Garbled:: Garbage in the text.
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parents:
diff changeset
836 * Unasked-for Search:: Spontaneous entry to incremental search.
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parents:
diff changeset
837 * Memory Full:: How to cope when you run out of memory.
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diff changeset
838 * After a Crash:: Recovering editing in an Emacs session that crashed.
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parents:
diff changeset
839 * Emergency Escape:: Emergency escape---
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
840 What to do if Emacs stops responding.
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
841 * Total Frustration:: When you are at your wits' end.
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
842
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
843 Reporting Bugs
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parents:
diff changeset
844
62472
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diff changeset
845 * Bug Criteria:: Have you really found a bug?
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
846 * Understanding Bug Reporting:: How to report a bug effectively.
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
847 * Checklist:: Steps to follow for a good bug report.
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
848 * Sending Patches:: How to send a patch for GNU Emacs.
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parents:
diff changeset
849
62472
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diff changeset
850 Command Line Arguments for Emacs Invocation
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parents:
diff changeset
851
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parents:
diff changeset
852 * Action Arguments:: Arguments to visit files, load libraries,
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
853 and call functions.
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
854 * Initial Options:: Arguments that take effect while starting Emacs.
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
855 * Command Example:: Examples of using command line arguments.
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
856 * Resume Arguments:: Specifying arguments when you resume a running Emacs.
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parents:
diff changeset
857 * Environment:: Environment variables that Emacs uses.
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parents:
diff changeset
858 * Display X:: Changing the default display and using remote login.
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parents:
diff changeset
859 * Font X:: Choosing a font for text, under X.
43015
e4c362348aae Fix typo.
Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz>
parents: 42751
diff changeset
860 * Colors:: Choosing display colors.
24093
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parents:
diff changeset
861 * Window Size X:: Start-up window size, under X.
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
862 * Borders X:: Internal and external borders, under X.
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
863 * Title X:: Specifying the initial frame's title.
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
864 * Icons X:: Choosing what sort of icon to use, under X.
54471
e284782704b8 * emacs.texi (Top): Add `Misc X'.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 53695
diff changeset
865 * Misc X:: Other display options.
41370
3f1a375341ab Update menu for changes in cmdargs.texi and xresources.texi.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40792
diff changeset
866
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parents: 61848
diff changeset
867 Environment Variables
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
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parents: 61848
diff changeset
868
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
869 * General Variables:: Environment variables that all versions of Emacs use.
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
870 * Misc Variables:: Certain system specific variables.
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
871 * MS-Windows Registry:: An alternative to the environment on MS-Windows.
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
872
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
873 X Options and Resources
41370
3f1a375341ab Update menu for changes in cmdargs.texi and xresources.texi.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40792
diff changeset
874
3f1a375341ab Update menu for changes in cmdargs.texi and xresources.texi.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40792
diff changeset
875 * Resources:: Using X resources with Emacs (in general).
3f1a375341ab Update menu for changes in cmdargs.texi and xresources.texi.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40792
diff changeset
876 * Table of Resources:: Table of specific X resources that affect Emacs.
3f1a375341ab Update menu for changes in cmdargs.texi and xresources.texi.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40792
diff changeset
877 * Face Resources:: X resources for customizing faces.
24093
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
878 * Lucid Resources:: X resources for Lucid menus.
36501
8a046a8e91dc Give LessTif precedence over Motif.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36212
diff changeset
879 * LessTif Resources:: X resources for LessTif and Motif menus.
62472
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
880 * GTK resources:: Resources for GTK widgets.
24093
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parents:
diff changeset
881
62472
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Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
882 Emacs and the Mac OS
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
883
62472
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Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
884 * Mac Input:: Keyboard input on the Mac.
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
885 * Mac International:: International character sets on the Mac.
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
886 * Mac Environment Variables:: Setting environment variables for Emacs.
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
887 * Mac Directories:: Volumes and directories on the Mac.
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
888 * Mac Font Specs:: Specifying fonts on the Mac.
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
889 * Mac Functions:: Mac-specific Lisp functions.
24093
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
890
24094
1a575df191bb (Top): Include Windows 98 in the MS-DOS section.
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents: 24093
diff changeset
891 MS-DOS and Windows 95/98/NT
24093
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
892
60119
5b6b66d56fe6 (Top): Update menu for splitting of node in msdog.texi.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 60111
diff changeset
893 * MS-DOS Keyboard:: Keyboard usage on MS-DOS.
5b6b66d56fe6 (Top): Update menu for splitting of node in msdog.texi.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 60111
diff changeset
894 * MS-DOS Mouse:: Mouse usage on MS-DOS.
24093
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
895 * MS-DOS Display:: Fonts, frames and display size on MS-DOS.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
896 * MS-DOS File Names:: File-name conventions on MS-DOS.
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
897 * Text and Binary:: Text files on MS-DOS use CRLF to separate lines.
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
898 * MS-DOS Printing:: How to specify the printer on MS-DOS.
62472
38477c70b31f (Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61848
diff changeset
899 * MS-DOS and MULE:: Support for internationalization on MS-DOS.
24093
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
900 * MS-DOS Processes:: Running subprocesses on MS-DOS.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
901 * Windows Processes:: Running subprocesses on Windows.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
902 * Windows System Menu:: Controlling what the ALT key does.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
903 @end menu
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
904
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
905 @iftex
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
906 @unnumbered Preface
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
907
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
908 This manual documents the use and simple customization of the Emacs
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
909 editor. The reader is not expected to be a programmer; simple
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
910 customizations do not require programming skill. But the user who is not
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
911 interested in customizing can ignore the scattered customization hints.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
912
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
913 This is primarily a reference manual, but can also be used as a
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
914 primer. For complete beginners, it is a good idea to start with the
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
915 on-line, learn-by-doing tutorial, before reading the manual. To run the
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
916 tutorial, start Emacs and type @kbd{C-h t}. This way you can learn
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
917 Emacs by using Emacs on a specially designed file which describes
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
918 commands, tells you when to try them, and then explains the results you
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
919 see.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
920
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
921 On first reading, just skim chapters 1 and 2, which describe the
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
922 notational conventions of the manual and the general appearance of the
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
923 Emacs display screen. Note which questions are answered in these
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
924 chapters, so you can refer back later. After reading chapter 4, you
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
925 should practice the commands there. The next few chapters describe
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
926 fundamental techniques and concepts that are used constantly. You need
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
927 to understand them thoroughly, experimenting with them if necessary.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
928
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
929 Chapters 14 through 19 describe intermediate-level features that are
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
930 useful for all kinds of editing. Chapter 20 and following chapters
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
931 describe features that you may or may not want to use; read those
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
932 chapters when you need them.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
933
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
934 Read the Trouble chapter if Emacs does not seem to be working
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
935 properly. It explains how to cope with some common problems
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
936 (@pxref{Lossage}), as well as when and how to report Emacs bugs
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
937 (@pxref{Bugs}).
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diff changeset
938
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parents:
diff changeset
939 To find the documentation on a particular command, look in the index.
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
940 Keys (character commands) and command names have separate indexes. There
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
941 is also a glossary, with a cross reference for each term.
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
942
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
943 This manual is available as a printed book and also as an Info file.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
944 The Info file is for on-line perusal with the Info program, which will
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
945 be the principal way of viewing documentation on-line in the GNU system.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
946 Both the Info file and the Info program itself are distributed along
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
947 with GNU Emacs. The Info file and the printed book contain
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
948 substantially the same text and are generated from the same source
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
949 files, which are also distributed along with GNU Emacs.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
950
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
951 GNU Emacs is a member of the Emacs editor family. There are many Emacs
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
952 editors, all sharing common principles of organization. For information on
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
953 the underlying philosophy of Emacs and the lessons learned from its
62647
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
954 development, write for a copy of AI memo 519a, @cite{Emacs, the Extensible,
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
955 Customizable Self-Documenting Display Editor}, to Publications Department,
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
956 Artificial Intelligence Lab, 545 Tech Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA@. At
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
957 last report they charge $2.25 per copy. Another useful publication is LCS
62647
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
958 TM-165, @cite{A Cookbook for an Emacs}, by Craig Finseth, available from
24093
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
959 Publications Department, Laboratory for Computer Science, 545 Tech Square,
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
960 Cambridge, MA 02139, USA@. The price today is $3.
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
961
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
962 This edition of the manual is intended for use with GNU Emacs installed
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
963 on GNU and Unix systems. GNU Emacs can also be used on VMS, MS-DOS
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
964 (also called MS-DOG), Windows NT, and Windows 95 systems. Those systems use
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
965 different file name syntax; in addition, VMS and MS-DOS do not support
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
966 all GNU Emacs features. We don't try to describe VMS usage in this
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
967 manual. @xref{MS-DOS}, for information about using Emacs on MS-DOS.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
968 @end iftex
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
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969
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694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
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970 @node Distrib, Intro, Top, Top
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
971 @unnumbered Distribution
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
972
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
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973 GNU Emacs is @dfn{free software}; this means that everyone is free to
62647
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
974 use it and free to redistribute it on certain conditions. GNU Emacs
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
975 is not in the public domain; it is copyrighted and there are
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
976 restrictions on its distribution, but these restrictions are designed
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
977 to permit everything that a good cooperating citizen would want to do.
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
978 What is not allowed is to try to prevent others from further sharing
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
979 any version of GNU Emacs that they might get from you. The precise
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
980 conditions are found in the GNU General Public License that comes with
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
981 Emacs and also appears in this manual@footnote{This manual is itself
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
982 covered by the GNU Free Documentation License. This license is
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
983 similar in spirit to the General Public License, but is more suitable
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
984 for documentation. @xref{GNU Free Documentation License}.}.
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
985 @xref{Copying}.
24093
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
986
62647
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
987 One way to get a copy of GNU Emacs is from someone else who has it.
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
988 You need not ask for our permission to do so, or tell any one else;
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
989 just copy it. If you have access to the Internet, you can get the
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
990 latest distribution version of GNU Emacs by anonymous FTP; see
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
991 @url{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs} on our website for more
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
992 information.
24093
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
993
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
994 You may also receive GNU Emacs when you buy a computer. Computer
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
995 manufacturers are free to distribute copies on the same terms that apply to
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
996 everyone else. These terms require them to give you the full sources,
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
997 including whatever changes they may have made, and to permit you to
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
998 redistribute the GNU Emacs received from them under the usual terms of the
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
999 General Public License. In other words, the program must be free for you
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1000 when you get it, not just free for the manufacturer.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1001
52574
e0bca4b2b9ca (Acknowledgements): New node, split from Distribution.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
1002 You can also order copies of GNU Emacs from the Free Software
62647
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
1003 Foundation. This is a convenient and reliable way to get a copy; it is
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
1004 also a good way to help fund our work. We also sell hardcopy versions
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
1005 of this manual and @cite{An Introduction to Programming in Emacs Lisp},
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
1006 by Robert J. Chassell. You can find an order form on our web site at
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
1007 @url{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html}. For further information,
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
1008 write to
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1009
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1010 @display
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Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1011 Free Software Foundation
62647
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
1012 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
1013 Boston, MA 02110-1301
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1014 USA
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1015 @end display
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1016
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1017 The income from distribution fees goes to support the foundation's
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1018 purpose: the development of new free software, and improvements to our
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1019 existing programs including GNU Emacs.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1020
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1021 If you find GNU Emacs useful, please @strong{send a donation} to the
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1022 Free Software Foundation to support our work. Donations to the Free
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1023 Software Foundation are tax deductible in the US. If you use GNU Emacs
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1024 at your workplace, please suggest that the company make a donation. If
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1025 company policy is unsympathetic to the idea of donating to charity, you
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1026 might instead suggest ordering a CD-ROM from the Foundation
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1027 occasionally, or subscribing to periodic updates.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1028
56820
44fd924a353f (Acknowledgments): Put inside @iftex instead of @ifnotinfo.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56815
diff changeset
1029 @iftex
56811
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1030 @node Acknowledgments, Intro, Distrib, Top
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1031 @unnumberedsec Acknowledgments
52574
e0bca4b2b9ca (Acknowledgements): New node, split from Distribution.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
1032
60803
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1033 Contributors to GNU Emacs include Per Abrahamsen, Tomas Abrahamsson,
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1034 Jay K.@: Adams, Joe Arceneaux, Miles Bader, David Bakhash, Eli
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1035 Barzilay, Steven L.@: Baur, Boaz Ben-Zvi, Ray Blaak, Jim Blandy, Per
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1036 Bothner, Terrence Brannon, Frank Bresz, Peter Breton, Emmanuel Briot,
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1037 Kevin Broadey, Vincent Broman, David M.@: Brown, Georges Brun-Cottan,
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1038 W@l{}odek Bzyl, Bill Carpenter, Per Cederqvist, Hans Chalupsky, Chris
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1039 Chase, Bob Chassell, Andrew Choi, James Clark, Mike Clarkson, Glynn
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1040 Clements, Andrew Csillag, Doug Cutting, Michael DeCorte, Gary Delp,
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1041 Matthieu Devin, Eri Ding, Jan Dj@"{a}rv, Carsten Dominik, Scott
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1042 Draves, Benjamin Drieu, Viktor Dukhovni, John Eaton, Rolf Ebert,
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1043 Stephen Eglen, Torbj@"orn Einarsson, Tsugutomo Enami, Hans Henrik
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1044 Eriksen, Michael Ernst, Ata Etemadi, Frederick Farnbach, Oscar
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1045 Figueiredo, Fred Fish, Karl Fogel, Gary Foster, Noah Friedman,
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1046 Hallvard Furuseth, Keith Gabryelski, Kevin Gallagher, Kevin Gallo,
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1047 Juan Le@'{o}n Lahoz Garc@'{i}a, Howard Gayle, Stephen Gildea, Julien
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1048 Gilles, David Gillespie, Bob Glickstein, Boris Goldowsky, Michelangelo
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1049 Grigni, Odd Gripenstam, Kai Gro@ss{}johann, Michael Gschwind, Henry
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1050 Guillaume, Doug Gwyn, Ken'ichi Handa, Chris Hanson, K. Shane Hartman,
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1051 John Heidemann, Jon K.@: Hellan, Markus Heritsch, Karl Heuer, Manabu
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1052 Higashida, Anders Holst, Kurt Hornik, Tom Houlder, Denis Howe, Lars
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1053 Ingebrigtsen, Andrew Innes, Seiichiro Inoue, Ulf Jasper, Michael
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1054 K. Johnson, Kyle Jones, Terry Jones, Simon Josefsson, Tomoji Kagatani,
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1055 Brewster Kahle, David Kaufman, Henry Kautz, Taichi Kawabata, Howard
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1056 Kaye, Michael Kifer, Richard King, Peter Kleiweg, Larry K.@: Kolodney,
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1057 Pavel Kobiakov, Larry K.@: Kolodney, David M.@: Koppelman, Koseki
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1058 Yoshinori, Robert Krawitz, Sebastian Kremer, Ryszard Kubiak, Geoff
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1059 Kuenning, David K@aa{}gedal, Daniel LaLiberte, Aaron Larson, James
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1060 R.@: Larus, Vinicius Jose Latorre, Frederic Lepied, Peter Liljenberg,
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1061 Lars Lindberg, Chris Lindblad, Anders Lindgren, Thomas Link, Dave
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1062 Love, Eric Ludlam, Alan Mackenzie, Christopher J.@: Madsen,
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1063 Neil M.@: Mager, Ken Manheimer, Bill Mann, Brian Marick, Simon
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1064 Marshall, Bengt Martensson, Charlie Martin, Thomas May, Roland McGrath,
60803
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1065 Will Mengarini, David Megginson, Wayne Mesard, Brad Miller, Richard
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1066 Mlynarik, Gerd Moellmann, Stefan Monnier, Morioka Tomohiko, Keith
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1067 Moore, Sen Nagata, Erik Naggum, Thomas Neumann, Thien-Thi Nguyen, Mike
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1068 Newton, Jurgen Nickelsen, Dan Nicolaescu, Jeff Norden, Andrew Norman,
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1069 Alexandre Oliva, Bob Olson, Takaaki Ota, Pieter E.@: J.@: Pareit,
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1070 David Pearson, Jeff Peck, Damon Anton Permezel, Tom Perrine, William
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1071 M.@: Perry, Per Persson, Jens Petersen, Daniel Pfeiffer, Richard
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1072 L.@: Pieri, Fred Pierresteguy, Christian Plaunt, David Ponce, Francesco
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1073 A. Potorti, Michael D. Prange, Mukesh Prasad, Marko Rahamaa, Ashwin
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1074 Ram, Eric S. Raymond, Paul Reilly, Edward M. Reingold, Alex Rezinsky,
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1075 Rob Riepel, Nick Roberts, Roland B.@: Roberts, John Robinson, Danny
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1076 Roozendaal, William Rosenblatt, Guillermo J.@: Rozas, Ivar Rummelhoff,
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1077 Jason Rumney, Wolfgang Rupprecht, Kevin Ryde, James B. Salem, Masahiko
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1078 Sato, Holger Schauer, William Schelter, Ralph Schleicher, Gregor
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1079 Schmid, Michael Schmidt, Ronald S. Schnell, Philippe Schnoebelen, Jan
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1080 Schormann, Alex Schroeder, Stephen Schoef, Randal Schwartz, Oliver
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1081 Seidel, Manuel Serrano, Hovav Shacham, Stanislav Shalunov, Mark
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1082 Shapiro, Richard Sharman, Olin Shivers, Espen Skoglund, Rick Sladkey,
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1083 Lynn Slater, Chris Smith, David Smith, Paul D.@: Smith, Andre Spiegel,
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1084 Michael Staats, William Sommerfeld, Michael Staats, Sam Steingold, Ake
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1085 Stenhoff, Peter Stephenson, Ken Stevens, Jonathan Stigelman, Martin
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1086 Stjernholm, Kim F.@: Storm, Steve Strassman, Olaf Sylvester, Naoto
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1087 Takahashi, Jean-Philippe Theberge, Jens T.@: Berger Thielemann,
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1088 Spencer Thomas, Jim Thompson, Tom Tromey, Daiki Ueno, Masanobu Umeda,
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1089 Rajesh Vaidheeswarran, Neil W.@: Van Dyke, Didier Verna, Ulrik Vieth,
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1090 Geoffrey Voelker, Johan Vromans, Inge Wallin, Colin Walters, Barry
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1091 Warsaw, Morten Welinder, Joseph Brian Wells, Rodney Whitby, John
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1092 Wiegley, Ed Wilkinson, Mike Williams, Bill Wohler, Steven A. Wood,
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1093 Dale R.@: Worley, Francis J.@: Wright, Felix S. T. Wu, Tom Wurgler,
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1094 Masatake Yamato, Jonathan Yavner, Ilya Zakharevich, Milan Zamazal,
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1095 Victor Zandy, Eli Zaretskii, Jamie Zawinski, Shenghuo Zhu, Ian
1d4595ddf963 (Acknowledgments): Updated.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60119
diff changeset
1096 T.@: Zimmermann, Reto Zimmermann, Neal Ziring, and Detlev Zundel.
56820
44fd924a353f (Acknowledgments): Put inside @iftex instead of @ifnotinfo.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56815
diff changeset
1097 @end iftex
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072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1098
56811
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1099 @node Intro, Glossary, Distrib, Top
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1100 @unnumbered Introduction
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1101
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1102 You are reading about GNU Emacs, the GNU incarnation of the advanced,
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1103 self-documenting, customizable, extensible real-time display editor Emacs.
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1104 (The `G' in `GNU' is not silent.)
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1105
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1106 We say that Emacs is a @dfn{display} editor because normally the text
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1107 being edited is visible on the screen and is updated automatically as you
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1108 type your commands. @xref{Screen,Display}.
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1109
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1110 We call it a @dfn{real-time} editor because the display is updated very
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1111 frequently, usually after each character or pair of characters you
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1112 type. This minimizes the amount of information you must keep in your
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1113 head as you edit. @xref{Basic,Real-time,Basic Editing}.
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1114
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1115 We call Emacs advanced because it provides facilities that go beyond
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1116 simple insertion and deletion: controlling subprocesses; automatic
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1117 indentation of programs; viewing two or more files at once; editing
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1118 formatted text; and dealing in terms of characters, words, lines,
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1119 sentences, paragraphs, and pages, as well as expressions and comments in
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1120 several different programming languages.
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1121
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1122 @dfn{Self-documenting} means that at any time you can type a special
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1123 character, @kbd{Control-h}, to find out what your options are. You can
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1124 also use it to find out what any command does, or to find all the commands
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1125 that pertain to a topic. @xref{Help}.
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1126
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1127 @dfn{Customizable} means that you can change the definitions of Emacs
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1128 commands in little ways. For example, if you use a programming language in
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1129 which comments start with @samp{<**} and end with @samp{**>}, you can tell
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1130 the Emacs comment manipulation commands to use those strings
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1131 (@pxref{Comments}). Another sort of customization is rearrangement of the
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1132 command set. For example, if you prefer the four basic cursor motion
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1133 commands (up, down, left and right) on keys in a diamond pattern on the
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1134 keyboard, you can rebind the keys that way. @xref{Customization}.
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1135
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1136 @dfn{Extensible} means that you can go beyond simple customization and
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1137 write entirely new commands, programs in the Lisp language to be run by
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1138 Emacs's own Lisp interpreter. Emacs is an ``on-line extensible''
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1139 system, which means that it is divided into many functions that call
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1140 each other, any of which can be redefined in the middle of an editing
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1141 session. Almost any part of Emacs can be replaced without making a
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1142 separate copy of all of Emacs. Most of the editing commands of Emacs
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1143 are written in Lisp; the few exceptions could have been written
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1144 in Lisp but are written in C for efficiency. Although only a programmer
62647
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
1145 can write an extension, anybody can use it afterward. @xref{Top,
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
1146 Emacs Lisp Intro, Preface, eintr, An Introduction to Programming in
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
1147 Emacs Lisp}, if you want to learn Emacs Lisp programming.
56811
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1148
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1149 When run under the X Window System, Emacs provides its own menus and
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1150 convenient bindings to mouse buttons. But Emacs can provide many of the
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1151 benefits of a window system on a text-only terminal. For instance, you
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1152 can look at or edit several files at once, move text between files, and
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1153 edit files while running shell commands.
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1154
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1155 @include screen.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1156 @include commands.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1157 @include entering.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1158 @include basic.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1159 @include mini.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1160 @include m-x.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1161 @include help.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1162 @include mark.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1163 @include killing.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1164 @include regs.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1165 @include display.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1166 @include search.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1167 @include fixit.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1168 @include kmacro.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1169 @include files.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1170 @include buffers.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1171 @include windows.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1172 @include frames.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1173 @include mule.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1174 @include major.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1175 @include indent.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1176 @include text.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1177 @include programs.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1178 @include building.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1179 @include maintaining.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1180 @include abbrevs.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1181 @include picture.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1182 @include sending.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1183 @include rmail.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1184 @include dired.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1185 @include calendar.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1186 @include misc.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1187 @include custom.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1188 @include trouble.texi
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1189
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1190 @node Copying, GNU Free Documentation License, Service, Top
694cd033cd0d Make "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" an appendix.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56707
diff changeset
1191 @appendix GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1192 @center Version 2, June 1991
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1193
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
1194 @display
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1195 Copyright @copyright{} 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
62647
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
1196 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1197
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1198 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1199 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1200 @end display
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1201
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1202 @unnumberedsec Preamble
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1203
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1204 The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1205 freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1206 License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1207 software---to make sure the software is free for all its users. This
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1208 General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1209 Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1210 using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
50754
5f08de7d192f Undo rest of previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 50753
diff changeset
1211 the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1212 your programs, too.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1213
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1214 When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1215 price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1216 have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1217 this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1218 if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1219 in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1220
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1221 To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1222 anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1223 These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1224 distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1225
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1226 For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1227 gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1228 you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1229 source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1230 rights.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1231
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1232 We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1233 (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1234 distribute and/or modify the software.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1235
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1236 Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1237 that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1238 software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1239 want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1240 that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1241 authors' reputations.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1242
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1243 Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1244 patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1245 program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1246 program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1247 patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1248
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1249 The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1250 modification follow.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1251
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1252 @iftex
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1253 @unnumberedsec TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1254 @end iftex
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1255 @ifinfo
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1256 @center TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1257 @end ifinfo
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1258
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1259 @enumerate 0
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1260 @item
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1261 This License applies to any program or other work which contains
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1262 a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
36168
df827c1def99 Clean up close-quote punctuation.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36153
diff changeset
1263 under the terms of this General Public License. The ``Program,'' below,
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1264 refers to any such program or work, and a ``work based on the Program''
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1265 means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1266 that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1267 either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1268 language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
36168
df827c1def99 Clean up close-quote punctuation.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36153
diff changeset
1269 the term ``modification.'') Each licensee is addressed as ``you.''
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1270
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1271 Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1272 covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1273 running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1274 is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1275 Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1276 Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1277
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1278 @item
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1279 You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1280 source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1281 conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1282 copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1283 notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1284 and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1285 along with the Program.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1286
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1287 You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1288 you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1289
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1290 @item
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1291 You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1292 of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1293 distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1294 above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1295
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1296 @enumerate a
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1297 @item
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1298 You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1299 stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1300
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1301 @item
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1302 You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1303 whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1304 part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1305 parties under the terms of this License.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1306
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1307 @item
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1308 If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1309 when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1310 interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1311 announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1312 notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1313 a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1314 these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1315 License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1316 does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1317 the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1318 @end enumerate
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1319
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1320 These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1321 identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1322 and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1323 themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1324 sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1325 distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1326 on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1327 this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1328 entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1329
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1330 Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1331 your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1332 exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1333 collective works based on the Program.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1334
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1335 In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1336 with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1337 a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1338 the scope of this License.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1339
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1340 @item
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1341 You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1342 under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1343 Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1344
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1345 @enumerate a
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1346 @item
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1347 Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1348 source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1349 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1350
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1351 @item
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1352 Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1353 years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1354 cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1355 machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1356 distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1357 customarily used for software interchange; or,
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1358
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1359 @item
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1360 Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1361 to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1362 allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1363 received the program in object code or executable form with such
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1364 an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1365 @end enumerate
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1366
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1367 The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1368 making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1369 code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1370 associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1371 control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1372 special exception, the source code distributed need not include
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1373 anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1374 form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1375 operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1376 itself accompanies the executable.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1377
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1378 If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1379 access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1380 access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1381 distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1382 compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1383
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1384 @item
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1385 You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1386 except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1387 otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1388 void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1389 However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1390 this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1391 parties remain in full compliance.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1392
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1393 @item
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1394 You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1395 signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1396 distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1397 prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1398 modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1399 Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1400 all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1401 the Program or works based on it.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1402
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1403 @item
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1404 Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1405 Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1406 original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1407 these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1408 restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1409 You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1410 this License.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1411
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1412 @item
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1413 If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1414 infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1415 conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1416 otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1417 excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1418 distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1419 License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1420 may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1421 license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1422 all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1423 the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1424 refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1425
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1426 If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1427 any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1428 apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1429 circumstances.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1430
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1431 It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1432 patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1433 such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1434 integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1435 implemented by public license practices. Many people have made
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1436 generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1437 through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1438 system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1439 to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1440 impose that choice.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1441
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1442 This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1443 be a consequence of the rest of this License.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1444
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1445 @item
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1446 If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1447 certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1448 original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1449 may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1450 those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1451 countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1452 the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1453
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1454 @item
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1455 The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1456 of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1457 be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1458 address new problems or concerns.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1459
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1460 Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1461 specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and ``any
36168
df827c1def99 Clean up close-quote punctuation.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36153
diff changeset
1462 later version,'' you have the option of following the terms and conditions
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1463 either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1464 Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1465 this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1466 Foundation.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1467
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1468 @item
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1469 If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1470 programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1471 to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1472 Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1473 make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1474 of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1475 of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1476
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1477 @iftex
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1478 @heading NO WARRANTY
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1479 @end iftex
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1480 @ifinfo
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1481 @center NO WARRANTY
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1482 @end ifinfo
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1483
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1484 @item
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1485 BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1486 FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW@. EXCEPT WHEN
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1487 OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1488 PROVIDE THE PROGRAM ``AS IS'' WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1489 OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1490 MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE@. THE ENTIRE RISK AS
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1491 TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU@. SHOULD THE
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1492 PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1493 REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1494
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1495 @item
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1496 IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1497 WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1498 REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1499 INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1500 OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1501 TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1502 YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1503 PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1504 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1505 @end enumerate
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1506
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1507 @iftex
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1508 @heading END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1509 @end iftex
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1510 @ifinfo
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1511 @center END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1512 @end ifinfo
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1513
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1514 @page
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1515 @unnumberedsec How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1516
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1517 If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1518 possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1519 free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1520
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1521 To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1522 to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1523 convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1524 the ``copyright'' line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1525
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1526 @smallexample
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1527 @var{one line to give the program's name and an idea of what it does.}
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1528 Copyright (C) 19@var{yy} @var{name of author}
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1529
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1530 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1531 modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1532 as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1533 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1534
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1535 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1536 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1537 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE@. See the
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1538 GNU General Public License for more details.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1539
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1540 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1541 with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
62647
122d68d8ebab Update FSF's address throughout.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62472
diff changeset
1542 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1543 @end smallexample
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1544
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1545 Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1546
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1547 If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1548 when it starts in an interactive mode:
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1549
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1550 @smallexample
32113
a0915106b092 (Top): Update version in `Antinews' menu entry.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31356
diff changeset
1551 Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 20@var{yy} @var{name of author}
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1552 Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1553 type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48531
diff changeset
1554 to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c'
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1555 for details.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1556 @end smallexample
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1557
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1558 The hypothetical commands @samp{show w} and @samp{show c} should show
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1559 the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1560 commands you use may be called something other than @samp{show w} and
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1561 @samp{show c}; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items---whatever
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1562 suits your program.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1563
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1564 You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1565 school, if any, to sign a ``copyright disclaimer'' for the program, if
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1566 necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1567
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1568 @smallexample
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1569 @group
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1570 Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1571 interest in the program `Gnomovision'
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48531
diff changeset
1572 (which makes passes at compilers) written
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1573 by James Hacker.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1574
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1575 @var{signature of Ty Coon}, 1 April 1989
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1576 Ty Coon, President of Vice
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1577 @end group
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1578 @end smallexample
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1579
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1580 This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1581 proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1582 consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
50753
dd4bc4fbaf67 Undo half of previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 50752
diff changeset
1583 library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1584 Public License instead of this License.
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1585
31309
979e66ba0c4a Update for GFDL. Not yet checked by rms.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31144
diff changeset
1586 @include doclicense.texi
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1587 @include cmdargs.texi
40525
b8d0024c4e37 @include xresources.texi.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40520
diff changeset
1588 @include xresources.texi
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1589
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1590 @include anti.texi
34199
1a56ec70af8c @include macos.texi.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 33973
diff changeset
1591 @include macos.texi
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1592 @include msdog.texi
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1593 @include gnu.texi
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1594 @include glossary.texi
55626
1c7ccc3495fe @ifnottex, not @ifinfo
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents: 54471
diff changeset
1595 @ifnottex
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1596 @include ack.texi
55626
1c7ccc3495fe @ifnottex, not @ifinfo
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents: 54471
diff changeset
1597 @end ifnottex
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1598
37452
794af8f5baeb Add Option Index, produced only in the on-line version of the manual.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37247
diff changeset
1599 @c The Option Index is produced only in the on-line version,
794af8f5baeb Add Option Index, produced only in the on-line version of the manual.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37247
diff changeset
1600 @c because the index entries related to command-line options
794af8f5baeb Add Option Index, produced only in the on-line version of the manual.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37247
diff changeset
1601 @c tend to point to the same pages and all begin with a dash.
794af8f5baeb Add Option Index, produced only in the on-line version of the manual.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37247
diff changeset
1602 @c This, and the need to keep the node links consistent, are
794af8f5baeb Add Option Index, produced only in the on-line version of the manual.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37247
diff changeset
1603 @c the reasons for the funky @iftex/@ifnottex dance below.
794af8f5baeb Add Option Index, produced only in the on-line version of the manual.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37247
diff changeset
1604 @c The Option Index is _not_ before Key Index, because that
794af8f5baeb Add Option Index, produced only in the on-line version of the manual.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37247
diff changeset
1605 @c would require changes in the glossary.texi's @node line.
794af8f5baeb Add Option Index, produced only in the on-line version of the manual.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37247
diff changeset
1606 @c It is not after Concept Index for similar reasons.
794af8f5baeb Add Option Index, produced only in the on-line version of the manual.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37247
diff changeset
1607
794af8f5baeb Add Option Index, produced only in the on-line version of the manual.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37247
diff changeset
1608 @iftex
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1609 @node Key Index, Command Index, Glossary, Top
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1610 @unnumbered Key (Character) Index
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1611 @printindex ky
37452
794af8f5baeb Add Option Index, produced only in the on-line version of the manual.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37247
diff changeset
1612 @end iftex
794af8f5baeb Add Option Index, produced only in the on-line version of the manual.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37247
diff changeset
1613
794af8f5baeb Add Option Index, produced only in the on-line version of the manual.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37247
diff changeset
1614 @ifnottex
794af8f5baeb Add Option Index, produced only in the on-line version of the manual.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37247
diff changeset
1615 @node Key Index, Option Index, Glossary, Top
794af8f5baeb Add Option Index, produced only in the on-line version of the manual.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37247
diff changeset
1616 @unnumbered Key (Character) Index
794af8f5baeb Add Option Index, produced only in the on-line version of the manual.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37247
diff changeset
1617 @printindex ky
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1618
37452
794af8f5baeb Add Option Index, produced only in the on-line version of the manual.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37247
diff changeset
1619 @node Option Index, Command Index, Key Index, Top
794af8f5baeb Add Option Index, produced only in the on-line version of the manual.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37247
diff changeset
1620 @unnumbered Command-Line Options Index
794af8f5baeb Add Option Index, produced only in the on-line version of the manual.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37247
diff changeset
1621 @printindex op
794af8f5baeb Add Option Index, produced only in the on-line version of the manual.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37247
diff changeset
1622
794af8f5baeb Add Option Index, produced only in the on-line version of the manual.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37247
diff changeset
1623 @node Command Index, Variable Index, Option Index, Top
794af8f5baeb Add Option Index, produced only in the on-line version of the manual.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37247
diff changeset
1624 @unnumbered Command and Function Index
794af8f5baeb Add Option Index, produced only in the on-line version of the manual.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37247
diff changeset
1625 @printindex fn
794af8f5baeb Add Option Index, produced only in the on-line version of the manual.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37247
diff changeset
1626 @end ifnottex
794af8f5baeb Add Option Index, produced only in the on-line version of the manual.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37247
diff changeset
1627
794af8f5baeb Add Option Index, produced only in the on-line version of the manual.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37247
diff changeset
1628 @iftex
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1629 @node Command Index, Variable Index, Key Index, Top
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1630 @unnumbered Command and Function Index
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1631 @printindex fn
37452
794af8f5baeb Add Option Index, produced only in the on-line version of the manual.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37247
diff changeset
1632 @end iftex
24093
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1633
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1634 @node Variable Index, Concept Index, Command Index, Top
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1635 @unnumbered Variable Index
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1636 @printindex vr
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1637
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1638 @node Concept Index, Acknowledgments, Variable Index, Top
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1639 @unnumbered Concept Index
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1640 @printindex cp
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1641
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1642 @summarycontents
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1643 @contents
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1644 @bye
072a11211bd8 Initial revision
Andrew Innes <andrewi@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1645
52401
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 52261
diff changeset
1646 @ignore
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 52261
diff changeset
1647 arch-tag: ed48740a-410b-46ea-9387-c9a9252a3392
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 52261
diff changeset
1648 @end ignore