Mercurial > emacs
annotate etc/ONEWS.4 @ 55566:345e8d954dfc
Fix description of new help arg highlighting.
author | Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com> |
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date | Thu, 13 May 2004 01:23:07 +0000 |
parents | 695cf19ef79e |
children | 375f2633d815 |
rev | line source |
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33149 | 1 GNU Emacs NEWS -- history of user-visible changes. 1992. |
2 Copyright (C) 1992 Free Software Foundation, Inc. | |
3 See the end for copying conditions. | |
4 | |
33644 | 5 For older news, see the file ONEWS.3. |
33149 | 6 |
7 Changes in version 18.58. | |
8 | |
9 * RMAIL reply now properly parses nested comments in addesses. | |
10 | |
11 * The "visual bell" feature when used with X windows | |
12 now flashes only 1/4 of the window's total area. This is because | |
13 flashing the whole window is too slow on some systems. | |
14 | |
15 * `call-process' and `call-process-region' now return an indication | |
16 of the exit status of the subprocess: either a numeric exit code | |
17 or a string describing the signal which caused termination. | |
18 | |
19 * It is possible for regular expression matching to overflow the stack | |
20 of failure points. In the past, such overflow was treated as simple | |
21 failure to match. Now it causes an error. | |
22 | |
23 * You can use C-u to end a numeric argument. Thus, type C-u 1 0 0 C-u 1 | |
24 to insert 100 1's. | |
25 | |
26 * Emacs now knows how to get resource values from the X server. | |
27 | |
28 * Job control commands in shell mode work properly on more systems | |
29 because they now work by "typing" signal characters such as C-c. | |
30 | |
31 * copy-keymap no longer recursively copies keymaps reached through | |
32 symbols' function definitions (i.e., those that have names). It does | |
33 copy nested keymaps that appear directly in the other copied keymaps. | |
34 | |
35 Changes in version 18.56. | |
36 | |
37 * C-g should now work to interrupt a running program | |
38 on all kinds of systems even when using X windows. | |
39 | |
40 * Quitting is inhibited while a filter or sentinel is running. | |
41 Those functions can run asynchronously while Emacs is waiting | |
42 for keyboard input, and if they allow quitting, they | |
43 make the behavior of C-g unpredictable. | |
44 | |
45 * Storing text into the X windows cut buffer | |
46 now clears out any selection. | |
47 | |
48 * The undo facility is completely rewritten, and now | |
49 uses Lisp data structures. It can record much more | |
50 information. You can use the variables undo-threshold | |
51 and undo-high-threshold to control how much. | |
52 | |
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Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
33644
diff
changeset
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53 * There is no longer a maximum screen height or width. |
33149 | 54 |
55 Changes in version 18.52. | |
56 | |
57 * X windows version 10 is supported under system V. | |
58 | |
59 * Pop-up menus are now supported with the same Lisp interface in | |
60 both version 10 and 11 of X windows. | |
61 | |
62 * C-x 4 a is a new command to edit a change-log entry in another window. | |
63 | |
64 * The emacs client program now allows an option +NNN to specify the | |
65 line number to go to in the file whose name follows. Thus, | |
66 emacsclient foo.c +45 bar.c | |
67 will find the files `foo.c' and `bar.c', going to line 45 in `bar.c'. | |
68 | |
69 * Dired allows empty directories to be deleted like files. | |
70 | |
71 * When the terminal type is used to find a terminal-specific file to | |
72 run, Emacs now tries the entire terminal type first. If that doesn't | |
73 yield a file that exists, the last hyphen and what follows it is | |
74 stripped. If that doesn't yield a file that exists, the previous | |
75 hyphen is stripped, and so on until all hyphens are gone. For | |
76 example, if the terminal type is `aaa-48-foo', Emacs will try first | |
77 `term/aaa-48-foo.el', then `term/aaa-48.el' and finally `term/aaa.el'. | |
78 | |
79 Underscores now receive the same treatment as hyphens. | |
80 | |
81 * Texinfo features: @defun, etc. texinfo-show-structure. | |
82 New template commands. texinfo-format-region. | |
83 | |
84 * The special "local variable" `eval' is now ignored if you are running | |
85 as root. | |
86 | |
87 * New command `c-macro-expand' shows the result of C macro expansion | |
88 in the region. It works using the C preprocessor, so its results | |
89 are completely accurate. | |
90 | |
91 * Errors in trying to auto save now flash error messages for a few seconds. | |
92 | |
93 * Killing a buffer now sends SIGHUP to the buffer's process. | |
94 | |
95 * New hooks. | |
96 | |
97 ** `spell-region' now allows you to filter the text before spelling-checking. | |
98 If the value of `spell-filter' is non-nil, it is called, with no arguments, | |
99 looking at a temporary buffer containing a copy of the text to be checked. | |
100 It can alter the text freely before the spell program sees it. | |
101 | |
102 ** The variable `lpr-command' now specifies the command to be used when | |
103 you use the commands to print text (such as M-x print-buffer). | |
104 | |
105 ** Posting netnews now calls the value of `news-inews-hook' (if not nil) | |
106 as a function of no arguments before the actual posting. | |
107 | |
108 ** Rmail now calls the value of `rmail-show-message-hook' (if not nil) | |
109 as a function of no arguments, each time a new message is selected. | |
110 | |
111 ** `kill-emacs' calls the value of `kill-emacs-hook' as a function of no args | |
112 unless Emacs is running in batch mode. | |
113 | |
114 * New libraries. | |
115 See the source code of each library for more information. | |
116 | |
117 ** icon.el: a major mode for editing programs written in Icon. | |
118 | |
119 ** life.el: a simulator for the cellular automaton "life". Load the | |
120 library and run M-x life. | |
121 | |
122 ** doctex.el: a library for converting the Emacs `etc/DOC' file of | |
123 documentation strings into TeX input. | |
124 | |
125 ** saveconf.el: a library which records the arrangement of windows and | |
126 buffers when you exit Emacs, and automatically recreates the same | |
127 setup the next time you start Emacs. | |
128 | |
129 ** uncompress.el: a library that automatically uncompresses files | |
130 when you visit them. | |
131 | |
132 ** c-fill.el: a mode for editing filled comments in C. | |
133 | |
134 ** kermit.el: an extended version of shell-mode designed for running kermit. | |
135 | |
136 ** spook.el: a library for adding some "distract the NSA" keywords to every | |
137 message you send. | |
138 | |
139 ** hideif.el: a library for hiding parts of a C program based on preprocessor | |
140 conditionals. | |
141 | |
142 ** autoinsert.el: a library to put in some initial text when you visit | |
143 a nonexistent file. The text used depends on the major mode, and | |
144 comes from a directory of files created by you. | |
145 | |
146 * New programming features. | |
147 | |
148 ** The variable `window-system-version' now contains the version number | |
149 of the window system you are using (if appropriate). When using X windows, | |
150 its value is either 10 or 11. | |
151 | |
152 ** (interactive "N") uses the prefix argument if any; otherwise, it reads | |
153 a number using the minibuffer. | |
154 | |
155 ** VMS: there are two new functions `vms-system-info' and `shrink-to-icon'. | |
156 The former allows you to get many kinds of system status information. | |
157 See its self-documentation for full details. | |
158 The second is used with the window system: it iconifies the Emacs window. | |
159 | |
160 ** VMS: the new function `define-logical-name' allows you to create | |
161 job-wide logical names. The old function `define-dcl-symbol' has been | |
162 removed. | |
163 | |
164 Changes in version 18.50. | |
165 | |
166 * X windows version 11 is supported. | |
167 | |
168 Define X11 in config.h if you want X version 11 instead of version 10. | |
169 | |
170 * The command M-x gdb runs the GDB debugger as an inferior. | |
171 It asks for the filename of the executable you want to debug. | |
172 | |
173 GDB runs as an inferior with I/O through an Emacs buffer. All the | |
174 facilities of Shell mode are available. In addition, each time your | |
175 program stops, and each time you select a new stack frame, the source | |
176 code is displayed in another window with an arrow added to the line | |
177 where the program is executing. | |
178 | |
179 Special GDB-mode commands include M-s, M-n, M-i, M-u, M-d, and C-c C-f | |
180 which send the GDB commands `step', `next', `stepi', `up', `down' | |
181 and `finish'. | |
182 | |
183 In any source file, the commands C-x SPC tells GDB to set a breakpoint | |
184 on the current line. | |
185 | |
186 * M-x calendar displays a three-month calendar. | |
187 | |
188 * C-u 0 C-x C-s never makes a backup file. | |
189 | |
190 This is a way you can explicitly request not to make a backup. | |
191 | |
192 * `term-setup-hook' is for users only. | |
193 | |
194 Emacs never uses this variable for internal purposes, so you can freely | |
195 set it in your `.emacs' file to make Emacs do something special after | |
196 loading any terminal-specific setup file from `lisp/term'. | |
197 | |
198 * `copy-keymap' now copies recursive submaps. | |
199 | |
200 * New overlay-arrow feature. | |
201 | |
202 If you set the variable `overlay-arrow-string' to a string | |
203 and `overlay-arrow-position' to a marker, that string is displayed on | |
204 the screen at the position of that marker, hiding whatever text would | |
205 have appeared there. If that position isn't on the screen, or if | |
206 the buffer the marker points into isn't displayed, there is no effect. | |
207 | |
208 * -batch mode can read from the terminal. | |
209 | |
210 It now works to use `read-char' to do terminal input in a noninteractive | |
211 Emacs run. End of file causes Emacs to exit. | |
212 | |
213 * Variables `data-bytes-used' and `data-bytes-free' removed. | |
214 | |
215 These variables cannot really work because the 24-bit range of an | |
216 integer in (most ports of) GNU Emacs is not large enough to hold their | |
217 values on many systems. | |
218 | |
219 Changes in version 18.45, since version 18.41. | |
220 | |
221 * C indentation parameter `c-continued-brace-offset'. | |
222 | |
223 This parameter's value is added to the indentation of any | |
224 line that is in a continuation context and starts with an open-brace. | |
225 For example, it applies to the open brace shown here: | |
226 | |
227 if (x) | |
228 { | |
229 | |
230 The default value is zero. | |
231 | |
232 * Dabbrev expansion (Meta-/) preserves case. | |
233 | |
234 When you use Meta-/ to search the buffer for an expansion of an | |
235 abbreviation, if the expansion found is all lower case except perhaps | |
236 for its first letter, then the case pattern of the abbreviation | |
237 is carried over to the expansion that replaces it. | |
238 | |
239 * TeX-mode syntax. | |
240 | |
241 \ is no longer given "escape character" syntax in TeX mode. It now | |
242 has the syntax of an ordinary punctuation character. As a result, | |
243 \[...\] and such like are considered to balance each other. | |
244 | |
245 * Mail-mode automatic Reply-to field. | |
246 | |
247 If the variable `mail-default-reply-to' is non-`nil', then each time | |
248 you start to compose a message, a Reply-to field is inserted with | |
249 its contents taken from the value of `mail-default-reply-to'. | |
250 | |
251 * Where is your .emacs file? | |
252 | |
253 If you run Emacs under `su', so your real and effective uids are | |
254 different, Emacs uses the home directory associated with the real uid | |
255 (the name you actually logged in under) to find the .emacs file. | |
256 | |
257 Otherwise, Emacs uses the environment variable HOME to find the .emacs | |
258 file. | |
259 | |
260 The .emacs file is not loaded at all if -batch is specified. | |
261 | |
262 * Prolog mode is the default for ".pl" files. | |
263 | |
264 * File names are not case-sensitive on VMS. | |
265 | |
266 On VMS systems, all file names that you specify are converted to upper | |
267 case. You can use either upper or lower case indiscriminately. | |
268 | |
269 * VMS-only function 'define-dcl-symbol'. | |
270 | |
271 This is a new name for the function formerly called | |
272 `define-logical-name'. | |
273 | |
274 Editing Changes in Emacs 18 | |
275 | |
276 * Additional systems and machines are supported. | |
277 | |
278 GNU Emacs now runs on Vax VMS. However, many facilities that are normally | |
279 implemented by running subprocesses do not work yet. This includes listing | |
280 a directory and sending mail. There are features for running subprocesses | |
281 but they are incompatible with those on Unix. I hope that some of | |
282 the VMS users can reimplement these features for VMS (compatibly for | |
283 the user, if possible). | |
284 | |
285 VMS wizards are also asked to work on making the subprocess facilities | |
286 more upward compatible with those on Unix, and also to rewrite their | |
287 internals to use the same Lisp objects that are used on Unix to | |
288 represent processes. | |
289 | |
290 In addition, the TI Nu machine running Unix system V, the AT&T 3b, and | |
291 the Wicat, Masscomp, Integrated Solutions, Alliant, Amdahl uts, Mips, | |
292 Altos 3068 and Gould Unix systems are now supported. The IBM PC-RT is | |
293 supported under 4.2, but not yet under system V. The GEC 93 is close | |
294 to working. The port for the Elxsi is partly merged. See the file | |
295 MACHINES for full status information and machine-specific installation | |
296 advice. | |
297 | |
298 * Searching is faster. | |
299 | |
300 Forward search for a text string, or for a regexp that is equivalent | |
301 to a text string, is now several times faster. Motion by lines and | |
302 counting lines is also faster. | |
303 | |
304 * Memory usage improvements. | |
305 | |
306 It is no longer possible to run out of memory during garbage | |
307 collection. As a result, running out of memory is never fatal. This | |
308 is due to a new garbage collection algorithm which compactifies | |
309 strings in place rather than copying them. Another consequence of the | |
310 change is a reduction in total memory usage and a slight increase in | |
311 garbage collection speed. | |
312 | |
313 * Display changes. | |
314 | |
315 ** Editing above top of screen. | |
316 | |
317 When you delete or kill or alter text that reaches to the top of the | |
318 screen or above it, so that display would start in the middle of a | |
319 line, Emacs will usually attempt to scroll the text so that display | |
320 starts at the beginning of a line again. | |
321 | |
322 ** Yanking in the minibuffer. | |
323 | |
324 The message "Mark Set" is no longer printed when the minibuffer is | |
325 active. This is convenient with many commands, including C-y, that | |
326 normally print such a message. | |
327 | |
328 ** Cursor appears in last line during y-or-n questions. | |
329 | |
330 Questions that want a `y' or `n' answer now move the cursor | |
331 to the last line, following the question. | |
332 | |
333 * Library loading changes. | |
334 | |
335 `load' now considers all possible suffixes (`.elc', `.el' and none) | |
336 for each directory in `load-path' before going on to the next directory. | |
337 It now accepts an optional fourth argument which, if non-nil, says to | |
338 use no suffixes; then the file name must be given in full. The search | |
339 of the directories in `load-path' goes on as usual in this case, but | |
340 it too can be prevented by passing an absolute file name. | |
341 | |
342 The value of `load-path' no longer by default includes nil (meaning to | |
343 look in the current default directory). The idea is that `load' should | |
344 be used to search the path only for libraries to be found in the standard | |
345 places. If you want to override system libraries with your own, place | |
346 your own libraries in one special directory and add that directory to the | |
347 front of `load-path'. | |
348 | |
349 The function `load' is no longer a command; that is to say, `M-x load' | |
350 is no longer allowed. Instead, there are two commands for loading files. | |
351 `M-x load-library' is equivalent to the old meaning of `M-x load'. | |
352 `M-x load-file' reads a file name with completion and defaulting | |
353 and then loads exactly that file, with no searching and no suffixes. | |
354 | |
355 * Emulation of other editors. | |
356 | |
357 ** `edt-emulation-on' starts emulating DEC's EDT editor. | |
358 | |
359 Do `edt-emulation-off' to return Emacs to normal. | |
360 | |
361 ** `vi-mode' and `vip-mode' starts emulating vi. | |
362 | |
363 These are two different vi emulations provided by GNU Emacs users. | |
364 We are interested in feedback as to which emulation is preferable. | |
365 | |
366 See the documentation and source code for these functions | |
367 for more information. | |
368 | |
369 ** `set-gosmacs-bindings' emulates Gosling Emacs. | |
370 | |
371 This command changes many global bindings to resemble those of | |
372 Gosling Emacs. The previous bindings are saved and can be restored using | |
373 `set-gnu-bindings'. | |
374 | |
375 * Emulation of a display terminal. | |
376 | |
377 Within Emacs it is now possible to run programs (such as emacs or | |
378 supdup) which expect to do output to a visual display terminal. | |
379 | |
380 See the function `terminal-emulator' for more information. | |
381 | |
382 * New support for keypads and function keys. | |
383 | |
384 There is now a first attempt at terminal-independent support for | |
385 keypad and function keys. | |
386 | |
387 Emacs now defines a standard set of key-names for function and keypad | |
388 keys, and provides standard hooks for defining them. Most of the | |
389 standard key-names have default definitions built into Emacs; you can | |
390 override these in a terminal-independent manner. The default definitions | |
391 and the conventions for redefining them are in the file `lisp/keypad.el'. | |
392 | |
393 These keys on the terminal normally work by sending sequences of | |
394 characters starting with ESC. The exact sequences used vary from | |
395 terminal to terminal. Emacs interprets them in two stages: | |
396 in the first stage, terminal-dependent sequences are mapped into | |
397 the standard key-names; then second stage maps the standard key-names | |
398 into their definitions in a terminal-independent fashion. | |
399 | |
400 The terminal-specific file `term/$TERM.el' now is responsible only for | |
401 establishing the mapping from the terminal's escape sequences into | |
402 standard key-names. It no longer knows what Emacs commands are | |
403 assigned to the standard key-names. | |
404 | |
405 One other change in terminal-specific files: if the value of the TERM | |
406 variable contains a hyphen, only the part before the first hyphen is | |
407 used in forming the name of the terminal-specific file. Thus, for | |
408 terminal type `aaa-48', the file loaded is now `term/aaa.el' rather | |
409 than `term/aaa-48.el'. | |
410 | |
411 * New startup command line options. | |
412 | |
413 `-i FILE' or `-insert FILE' in the command line to Emacs tells Emacs to | |
414 insert the contents of FILE into the current buffer at that point in | |
415 command line processing. This is like using the command M-x insert-file. | |
416 | |
417 `-funcall', `-load', `-user' and `-no-init-file' are new synonyms for | |
418 `-f', `-l', `-u' and `-q'. | |
419 | |
420 `-nw' means don't use a window system. If you are using a terminal | |
421 emulator on the X window system and you want to run Emacs to work through | |
422 the terminal emulator instead of working directly with the window system, | |
423 use this switch. | |
424 | |
425 * Buffer-sorting commands. | |
426 | |
427 Various M-x commands whose names start with `sort-' sort parts of | |
428 the region: | |
429 | |
430 sort-lines divides the region into lines and sorts them alphabetically. | |
431 sort-pages divides into pages and sorts them alphabetically. | |
432 sort-paragraphs divides into paragraphs and sorts them alphabetically. | |
433 sort-fields divides into lines and sorts them alphabetically | |
434 according to one field in the line. | |
435 The numeric argument specifies which field (counting | |
436 from field 1 at the beginning of the line). Fields in a line | |
437 are separated by whitespace. | |
438 sort-numeric-fields | |
439 is similar but converts the specified fields to numbers | |
440 and sorts them numerically. | |
441 sort-columns divides into lines and sorts them according to the contents | |
442 of a specified range of columns. | |
443 | |
444 Refer to the self-documentation of these commands for full usage information. | |
445 | |
446 * Changes in various commands. | |
447 | |
448 ** `occur' output now serves as a menu. `occur-menu' command deleted. | |
449 | |
450 `M-x occur' now allows you to move quickly to any of the occurrences | |
451 listed. Select the `*Occur*' buffer that contains the output of `occur', | |
452 move point to the occurrence you want, and type C-c C-c. | |
453 This will move point to the same occurrence in the buffer that the | |
454 occurrences were found in. | |
455 | |
456 The command `occur-menu' is thus obsolete, and has been deleted. | |
457 | |
458 One way to get a list of matching lines without line numbers is to | |
459 copy the text to another buffer and use the command `keep-lines'. | |
460 | |
461 ** Incremental search changes. | |
462 | |
463 Ordinary and regexp incremental searches now have distinct default | |
464 search strings. Thus, regexp searches recall only previous regexp | |
465 searches. | |
466 | |
467 If you exit an incremental search when the search string is empty, | |
468 the old default search string is kept. The default does not become | |
469 empty. | |
470 | |
471 Reversing the direction of an incremental search with C-s or C-r | |
472 when the search string is empty now does not get the default search | |
473 string. It leaves the search string empty. A second C-s or C-r | |
474 will get the default search string. As a result, you can do a reverse | |
475 incremental regexp search with C-M-s C-r. | |
476 | |
477 If you add a `*', `?' or `\|' to an incremental search regexp, | |
478 point will back up if that is appropriate. For example, if | |
479 you have searched for `ab' and add a `*', point moves to the | |
480 first match for `ab*', which may be before the match for `ab' | |
481 that was previously found. | |
482 | |
483 If an incremental search is failing and you ask to repeat it, | |
484 it will start again from the beginning of the buffer (or the end, | |
485 if it is a backward search). | |
486 | |
487 The search-controlling parameters `isearch-slow-speed' and | |
488 `isearch-slow-window-lines' have now been renamed to start with | |
489 `search' instead of `isearch'. Now all the parameters' names start | |
490 with `search'. | |
491 | |
492 If `search-slow-window-lines' is negative, the slow search window | |
493 is put at the top of the screen, and the absolute value or the | |
494 negative number specifies the height of it. | |
495 | |
496 ** Undo changes | |
497 | |
498 The undo command now will mark the buffer as unmodified only when it is | |
499 identical to the contents of the visited file. | |
500 | |
501 ** C-M-v in minibuffer. | |
502 | |
503 If while in the minibuffer you request help in a way that uses a | |
504 window to display something, then until you exit the minibuffer C-M-v | |
505 in the minibuffer window scrolls the window of help. | |
506 | |
507 For example, if you request a list of possible completions, C-M-v can | |
508 be used reliably to scroll the completion list. | |
509 | |
510 ** M-TAB command. | |
511 | |
512 Meta-TAB performs completion on the Emacs Lisp symbol names. The sexp | |
513 in the buffer before point is compared against all existing nontrivial | |
514 Lisp symbols and completed as far as is uniquely determined by them. | |
515 Nontrivial symbols are those with either function definitions, values | |
516 or properties. | |
517 | |
518 If there are multiple possibilities for the very next character, a | |
519 list of possible completions is displayed. | |
520 | |
521 ** Dynamic abbreviation package. | |
522 | |
523 The new command Meta-/ expands an abbreviation in the buffer before point | |
524 by searching the buffer for words that start with the abbreviation. | |
525 | |
526 ** Changes in saving kbd macros. | |
527 | |
528 The commands `write-kbd-macro' and `append-kbd-macro' have been | |
529 deleted. The way to save a keyboard macro is to use the new command | |
530 `insert-kbd-macro', which inserts Lisp code to define the macro as | |
531 it is currently defined into the buffer before point. Visit a Lisp | |
532 file such as your Emacs init file `~/.emacs', insert the macro | |
533 definition (perhaps deleting an old definition for the same macro) | |
534 and then save the file. | |
535 | |
536 ** C-x ' command. | |
537 | |
538 The new command C-x ' (expand-abbrev) expands the word before point as | |
539 an abbrev, even if abbrev-mode is not turned on. | |
540 | |
541 ** Sending to inferior Lisp. | |
542 | |
543 The command C-M-x in Lisp mode, which sends the current defun to | |
544 an inferior Lisp process, now works by writing the text into a temporary | |
545 file and actually sending only a `load'-form to load the file. | |
546 As a result, it avoids the Unix bugs that used to strike when the | |
547 text was above a certain length. | |
548 | |
549 With a prefix argument, this command now makes the inferior Lisp buffer | |
550 appear on the screen and scrolls it so that the bottom is showing. | |
551 | |
552 Two variables `inferior-lisp-load-command' and `inferior-lisp-prompt', | |
553 exist to customize these feature for different Lisp implementations. | |
554 | |
555 ** C-x n p now disabled. | |
556 | |
557 The command C-x n p, a nonrecomended command which narrows to the current | |
558 page, is now initially disabled like C-x n n. | |
559 | |
560 * Dealing with files. | |
561 | |
562 ** C-x C-v generalized | |
563 | |
564 This command is now allowed even if the current buffer is not visiting | |
565 a file. As usual, it kills the current buffer and replaces it with a | |
566 newly found file. | |
567 | |
568 ** M-x recover-file improved; auto save file names changed. | |
569 | |
570 M-x recover-file now checks whether the last auto-save file is more | |
571 recent than the real visited file before offering to read in the | |
572 auto-save file. If the auto-save file is newer, a directory listing | |
573 containing the two files is displayed while you are asked whether you | |
574 want the auto save file. | |
575 | |
576 Visiting a file also makes this check. If the auto-save file is more recent, | |
577 a message is printed suggesting that you consider using M-x recover file. | |
578 | |
579 Auto save file names now by default have a `#' at the end as well | |
580 as at the beginning. This is so that `*.c' in a shell command | |
581 will never match auto save files. | |
582 | |
583 On VMS, auto save file names are made by appending `_$' at the front | |
584 and `$' at the end. | |
585 | |
586 When you change the visited file name of a buffer, the auto save file | |
587 is now renamed to belong to the new visited file name. | |
588 | |
589 You can customize the way auto save file names are made by redefining | |
590 the two functions `make-auto-save-file-name' and `auto-save-file-name-p', | |
591 both of which are defined in `files.el'. | |
592 | |
593 ** Modifying a buffer whose file is changed on disk is detected instantly. | |
594 | |
595 On systems where clash detection (locking of files being edited) is | |
596 implemented, Emacs also checks the first time you modify a buffer | |
597 whether the file has changed on disk since it was last visited or saved. | |
598 If it has, you are asked to confirm that you want to change the buffer. | |
599 | |
600 ** Exiting Emacs offers to save `*mail*'. | |
601 | |
602 Emacs can now know about buffers that it should offer to save on exit | |
603 even though they are not visiting files. This is done for any buffer | |
604 which has a non-nil local value of `buffer-offer-save'. By default, | |
605 Mail mode provides such a local value. | |
606 | |
607 ** Backup file changes. | |
608 | |
609 If a backup file cannot be written in the directory of the visited file | |
610 due to fascist file protection, a backup file is now written in your home | |
611 directory as `~/%backup%~'. Only one such file is made, ever, so only | |
612 the most recently made such backup is available. | |
613 | |
614 When backup files are made by copying, the last-modification time of the | |
615 original file is now preserved in the backup copy. | |
616 | |
617 ** Visiting remote files. | |
618 | |
619 On an internet host, you can now visit and save files on any other | |
620 internet host directly from Emacs with the commands M-x ftp-find-file | |
621 and M-x ftp-write-file. Specify an argument of the form HOST:FILENAME. | |
622 Since standard internet FTP is used, the other host may be any kind | |
623 of machine and is not required to have any special facilities. | |
624 | |
625 The first time any one remote host is accessed, you will be asked to | |
626 give the user name and password for use on that host. FTP is reinvoked | |
627 each time you ask to use it, but previously specified user names and | |
628 passwords are remembered automatically. | |
629 | |
630 ** Dired `g' command. | |
631 | |
632 `g' in Dired mode is equivalent to M-x revert-buffer; it causes the | |
633 current contents of the same directory to be read in. | |
634 | |
635 * Changes in major modes. | |
636 | |
637 ** C mode indentation change. | |
638 | |
639 The binding of Linefeed is no longer changed by C mode. It once again | |
640 has its normal meaning, which is to insert a newline and then indent | |
641 afterward. | |
642 | |
643 The old definition did one additional thing: it reindented the line | |
644 before the new newline. This has been removed because it made the | |
645 command twice as slow. The only time it was really useful was after the | |
646 insertion of an `else', since the fact of starting with `else' may change | |
647 the way that line is indented. Now you will have to type TAB again | |
648 yourself to reindent the `else' properly. | |
649 | |
650 If the variable `c-tab-always-indent' is set to `nil', the TAB command | |
651 in C mode, with no argument, will just insert a tab character if there | |
652 is non-whitespace preceding point on the current line. Giving it a | |
653 prefix argument will force reindentation of the line (as well as | |
654 of the compound statement that begins after point, if any). | |
655 | |
656 ** Fortran mode now exists. | |
657 | |
658 This mode provides commands for motion and indentation of Fortran code, | |
659 plus built-in abbrevs for Fortran keywords. For details, see the manual | |
660 or the on-line documentation of the command `fortran-mode'. | |
661 | |
662 ** Scribe mode now exists. | |
663 | |
664 This mode does something useful for editing files of Scribe input. | |
665 It is used automatically for files with names ending in ".mss". | |
666 | |
667 ** Modula2 and Prolog modes now exist. | |
668 | |
669 These modes are for editing programs in the languages of the same names. | |
670 They can be selected with M-x modula-2-mode and M-x prolog-mode. | |
671 | |
672 ** Telnet mode changes. | |
673 | |
674 The telnet mode special commands have now been assigned to C-c keys. | |
675 Most of them are the same as in Shell mode. | |
676 | |
677 ** Picture mode changes. | |
678 | |
679 The special picture-mode commands to specify the direction of cursor | |
680 motion after insertion have been moved to C-c keys. The commands to | |
681 specify diagonal motion were already C-c keys; they are unchanged. | |
682 The keys to specify horizontal or vertical motion are now | |
683 C-c < (left), C-c > (right), C-c ^ (up) and C-c . (down). | |
684 | |
685 ** Nroff mode comments. | |
686 | |
687 Comments are now supported in Nroff mode. The standard comment commands | |
688 such as M-; and C-x ; know how to insert, align and delete comments | |
689 that start with backslash-doublequote. | |
690 | |
691 ** LaTeX mode. | |
692 | |
693 LaTeX mode now exists. Use M-x latex-mode to select this mode, and | |
694 M-x plain-tex-mode to select the previously existing mode for Plain | |
695 TeX. M-x tex-mode attempts to examine the contents of the buffer and | |
696 choose between latex-mode and plain-tex-mode accordingly; if the | |
697 buffer is empty or it cannot tell, the variable `TeX-default-mode' | |
698 controls the choice. Its value should be the symbol for the mode to | |
699 be used. | |
700 | |
701 The facilities for running TeX on all or part of the buffer | |
702 work with LaTeX as well. | |
703 | |
704 Some new commands available in both modes: | |
705 | |
706 C-c C-l recenter the window showing the TeX output buffer | |
707 so most recent line of output can be seen. | |
708 C-c C-k kill the TeX subprocess. | |
709 C-c C-q show the printer queue. | |
710 C-c C-f close a block (appropriate for LaTeX only). | |
711 If the current line contains a \begin{...}, | |
712 this inserts an \end{...} on the following line | |
713 and puts point on a blank line between them. | |
714 | |
715 ** Outline mode changes. | |
716 | |
717 Invisible lines in outline mode are now indicated by `...' at the | |
718 end of the previous visible line. | |
719 | |
720 The special outline heading motion commands are now all on C-c keys. | |
721 A few new ones have been added. Here is a full list: | |
722 | |
723 C-c C-n Move to next visible heading (formerly M-}) | |
724 C-c C-p Move to previous visible heading (formerly M-{) | |
725 C-c C-f Move to next visible heading at the same level. | |
726 Thus, if point is on a level-2 heading line, | |
727 this command moves to the next visible level-2 heading. | |
728 C-c C-b Move to previous visible heading at the same level. | |
729 C-c C-u Move up to previous visible heading at a higher level. | |
730 | |
731 The variable `outline-regexp' now controls recognition of heading lines. | |
732 Any line whose beginning matches this regexp is a heading line. | |
733 The depth in outline structure is determined by the length of | |
734 the string that matches. | |
735 | |
736 A line starting with a ^L (formfeed) is now by default considered | |
737 a header line. | |
738 | |
739 * Mail reading and sending. | |
740 | |
741 ** MH-E changes. | |
742 | |
743 MH-E has been extensively modified and improved since the v17 release. | |
744 It contains many new features, including commands to: extracted failed | |
745 messages, kill a draft message, undo changes to a mail folder, monitor | |
746 delivery of a letter, print multiple messages, page digests backwards, | |
747 insert signatures, and burst digests. Also, many commands have been | |
748 made to able to deal with named sequences of messages, instead of | |
749 single messages. MH-E also has had numerous bugs fixed and commands | |
750 made to run faster. Furthermore, its keybindings have been changed to | |
751 be compatible with Rmail and the rest of GNU Emacs. | |
752 | |
753 ** Mail mode changes. | |
754 | |
755 The C-c commands of mail mode have been rearranged: | |
756 | |
757 C-c s, C-c c, C-c t and C-c b (move point to various header fields) | |
758 have been reassigned as C-c C-f C-s, C-c C-f C-c, C-c C-f C-t and C-c | |
759 C-f C-b. C-c C-f is for "field". | |
760 | |
761 C-c y, C-c w and C-c q have been changed to C-c C-y, C-c C-w and C-c C-q. | |
762 | |
763 Thus, C-c LETTER is always unassigned. | |
764 | |
765 ** Rmail C-r command changed to w. | |
766 | |
767 The Rmail command to edit the current message is now `w'. This change | |
768 has been made because people frequently type C-r while in Rmail hoping | |
769 to do a reverse incremental search. That now works. | |
770 | |
771 * Rnews changes. | |
772 | |
773 ** Caesar rotation added. | |
774 | |
775 The function news-caesar-buffer-body performs the rot13 code on the | |
776 body of a news message. You can also specify the number to rotate by, | |
777 as a prefix argument. The function is bound to C-c C-r in both | |
778 News mode and News Reply mode. | |
779 | |
780 ** rmail-output command added. | |
781 | |
782 The C-o command has been bound to rmail-output in news-mode. | |
783 This allows one to append an article to a file which is in either Unix | |
784 mail or RMAIL format. | |
785 | |
786 ** news-reply-mode changes. | |
787 | |
788 The C-c commands of news reply mode have been rearranged and changed, | |
789 so that C-c LETTER is always unassigned: | |
790 | |
791 C-c y, C-c w and C-c q have been changed to C-c C-y, C-c C-w and C-c C-q. | |
792 | |
793 C-c c, C-c t, and C-c b (move to various mail header fields) have been | |
794 deleted (they make no sense for posting and replying to USENET). | |
795 | |
796 C-c s (move to Subject: header field) has been reassigned as C-c C-f | |
797 C-s. C-c C-f is for "field". Several additional move to news header | |
798 field commands have been added. | |
799 | |
800 The local news-reply-mode bindings now look like this: | |
801 | |
802 C-c C-s news-inews (post the message) C-c C-c news-inews | |
803 C-c C-f move to a header field (and create it if there isn't): | |
804 C-c C-f C-n move to Newsgroups: C-c C-f C-s move to Subj: | |
805 C-c C-f C-f move to Followup-To: C-c C-f C-k move to Keywords: | |
806 C-c C-f C-d move to Distribution: C-c C-f C-a move to Summary: | |
807 C-c C-y news-reply-yank-original (insert current message, in NEWS). | |
808 C-c C-q mail-fill-yanked-message (fill what was yanked). | |
809 C-c C-r caesar rotate all letters by 13 places in the article's body (rot13). | |
810 | |
811 * Changes in tags handling. | |
812 | |
813 ** M-. (`find-tag') and similar commands now look first for an exact | |
814 match in the tags table, and try substring matches only afterward. | |
815 | |
816 ** The new command `find-tag-regexp' visits successively the tags that | |
817 match a specified regular expression. | |
818 | |
819 ** You can now use more than one tags table. Using `visit-tags-table' | |
820 to load a new tags table does not discard the other tables previously | |
821 loaded. The other tags commands use all the tags tables that are loaded; | |
822 the first tags table used is the one that mentions the current visited file. | |
823 | |
824 ** Tags tables can now be told to "include" other tags tables. This means | |
825 the tags table gives the file names of other tags tables. Tags command | |
826 then search included tags tables after the including table (but before any | |
827 other tags tables you have loaded). Included tags tables can make it much | |
828 easier and more efficient to maintain a tags table for a large package with | |
829 many subdirectories--there is one tags table for each subdirectory, and a | |
830 master tags table that includes each subdirectory table. You use `-i' | |
831 options to `etags' when creating the tags table to give the file names of | |
832 the included tables. | |
833 | |
834 ** You can now use the tags table for completion of names during | |
835 ordinary editing. The command M-TAB (except in Emacs Lisp mode) | |
836 completes the identifier in the buffer before point, using the set of | |
837 all tags as the list of possible completions. | |
838 | |
839 ** `tags-query-replace' and `tags-search' changes. | |
840 | |
841 These functions no longer permanently create buffers for files that | |
842 are searched but that do not contain any matches for the search | |
843 pattern. | |
844 | |
845 * Existing Emacs usable as a server. | |
846 | |
847 Programs such as mailers that invoke "the editor" as an inferior | |
848 to edit some text can now be told to use an existing Emacs process | |
849 instead of creating a new editor. | |
850 | |
851 To do this, you must have an Emacs process running and capable of | |
852 doing terminal I/O at the time you want to invoke it. This means that | |
853 either you are using a window system and give Emacs a separate window | |
854 or you run the other programs as inferiors of Emacs (such as, using | |
855 M-x shell). | |
856 | |
857 First prepare the existing Emacs process by loading the `server' | |
858 library and executing M-x server-start. (Your .emacs can do this | |
859 automatically.) | |
860 | |
861 Now tell the other programs to use, as "the editor", the Emacs client | |
862 program (etc/emacsclient, located in the same directory as this file). | |
863 This can be done by setting the environment variable EDITOR. | |
864 | |
865 When another program invokes the emacsclient as "the editor", the | |
866 client actually transfers the file names to be edited to the existing | |
867 Emacs, which automatically visits the files. | |
868 | |
869 When you are done editing a buffer for a client, do C-x # (server-edit). | |
870 This marks that buffer as done, and selects the next buffer that the client | |
871 asked for. When all the buffers requested by a client are marked in this | |
872 way, Emacs tells the client program to exit, so that the program that | |
873 invoked "the editor" will resume execution. | |
874 | |
875 You can only have one server Emacs at a time, but multiple client programs | |
876 can put in requests at the same time. | |
877 | |
878 The client/server work only on Berkeley Unix, since they use the Berkeley | |
879 sockets mechanism for their communication. | |
880 | |
881 Changes in Lisp programming in Emacs version 18. | |
882 | |
883 * Init file changes. | |
884 | |
885 ** Suffixes no longer accepted on `.emacs'. | |
886 | |
887 Emacs will no longer load a file named `.emacs.el' or `emacs.elc' | |
888 in place of `.emacs'. This is so that it will take less time to | |
889 find `.emacs'. If you want to compile your init file, give it another | |
890 name and make `.emacs' a link to the `.elc' file, or make it contain | |
891 a call to `load' to load the `.elc' file. | |
892 | |
893 ** `default-profile' renamed to `default', and loaded after `.emacs'. | |
894 | |
895 It used to be the case that the file `default-profile' was loaded if | |
896 and only if `.emacs' was not found. | |
897 | |
898 Now the name `default-profile' is not used at all. Instead, a library | |
899 named `default' is loaded after the `.emacs' file. `default' is loaded | |
900 whether the `.emacs' file exists or not. However, loading of `default' | |
901 can be prevented if the `.emacs' file sets `inhibit-default-init' to non-nil. | |
902 | |
903 In fact, you would call the default file `default.el' and probably would | |
904 byte-compile it to speed execution. | |
905 | |
906 Note that for most purposes you are better off using a `site-init' library | |
907 since that will be loaded before the runnable Emacs is dumped. By using | |
908 a `site-init' library, you avoid taking up time each time Emacs is started. | |
909 | |
910 ** inhibit-command-line has been eliminated. | |
911 | |
912 This variable used to exist for .emacs files to set. It has been | |
913 eliminated because you can get the same effect by setting | |
914 command-line-args to nil and setting inhibit-startup-message to t. | |
915 | |
916 * `apply' is more general. | |
917 | |
918 `apply' now accepts any number of arguments. The first one is a function; | |
919 the rest are individual arguments to pass to that function, except for the | |
920 last, which is a list of arguments to pass. | |
921 | |
922 Previously, `apply' required exactly two arguments. Its old behavior | |
923 follows as a special case of the new definition. | |
924 | |
925 * New code-letter for `interactive'. | |
926 | |
927 (interactive "NFoo: ") is like (interactive "nFoo: ") in reading | |
928 a number using the minibuffer to serve as the argument; however, | |
929 if a prefix argument was specified, it uses the prefix argument | |
930 value as the argument, and does not use the minibuffer at all. | |
931 | |
932 This is used by the `goto-line' and `goto-char' commands. | |
933 | |
934 * Semantics of variables. | |
935 | |
936 ** Built-in per-buffer variables improved. | |
937 | |
938 Several built-in variables which in the past had a different value in | |
939 each buffer now behave exactly as if `make-variable-buffer-local' had | |
940 been done to them. | |
941 | |
942 These variables are `tab-width', `ctl-arrow', `truncate-lines', | |
943 `fill-column', `left-margin', `mode-line-format', `abbrev-mode', | |
944 `overwrite-mode', `case-fold-search', `auto-fill-hook', | |
945 `selective-display', `selective-display-ellipses'. | |
946 | |
947 To be precise, each variable has a default value which shows through | |
948 in most buffers and can be accessed with `default-value' and set with | |
949 `set-default'. Setting the variable with `setq' makes the variable | |
950 local to the current buffer. Changing the default value has retroactive | |
951 effect on all buffers in which the variable is not local. | |
952 | |
953 The variables `default-case-fold-search', etc., are now obsolete. | |
954 They now refer to the default value of the variable, which is not | |
955 quite the same behavior as before, but it should enable old init files | |
956 to continue to work. | |
957 | |
958 ** New per-buffer variables. | |
959 | |
960 The variables `fill-prefix', `comment-column' and `indent-tabs-mode' | |
961 are now per-buffer. They work just like `fill-column', etc. | |
962 | |
963 ** New function `setq-default'. | |
964 | |
965 `setq-default' sets the default value of a variable, and uses the | |
966 same syntax that `setq' accepts: the variable name is not evaluated | |
967 and need not be quoted. | |
968 | |
969 `(setq-default case-fold-search nil)' would make searches case-sensitive | |
970 in all buffers that do not have local values for `case-fold-search'. | |
971 | |
972 You can set multiple variables sequentially, each with its own value, | |
973 in `setq-default' just as in `setq'. | |
974 | |
975 ** Functions `global-set' and `global-value' deleted. | |
976 | |
977 These functions were never used except by mistake by users expecting | |
978 the functionality of `set-default' and `default-value'. | |
979 | |
980 * Changes in defaulting of major modes. | |
981 | |
982 When `default-major-mode' is `nil', new buffers are supposed to | |
983 get their major mode from the buffer that is current. However, | |
984 certain major modes (such as Dired mode, Rmail mode, Rmail Summary mode, | |
985 and others) are not reasonable to use in this way. | |
986 | |
987 Now such modes' names have been given non-`nil' `mode-class' properties. | |
988 If the current buffer's mode has such a property, Fundamental mode is | |
989 used as the default for newly created buffers. | |
990 | |
991 * `where-is-internal' requires additional arguments. | |
992 | |
993 This function now accepts three arguments, two of them required: | |
994 DEFINITION, the definition to search for; LOCAL-KEYMAP, the keymap | |
995 to use as the local map when doing the searching, and FIRST-ONLY, | |
996 which is nonzero to return only the first key found. | |
997 | |
998 This function returns a list of keys (strings) whose definitions | |
999 (in the LOCAL-KEYMAP or the current global map) are DEFINITION. | |
1000 | |
1001 If FIRST-ONLY is non-nil, it returns a single key (string). | |
1002 | |
1003 This function has changed incompatibly in that now two arguments | |
1004 are required when previously only one argument was allowed. To get | |
1005 the old behavior of this function, write `(current-local-map)' as | |
1006 the expression for the second argument. | |
1007 | |
1008 The incompatibility is sad, but `nil' is a legitimate value for the | |
1009 second argument (it means there is no local keymap), so it cannot also | |
1010 serve as a default meaning to use the current local keymap. | |
1011 | |
1012 * Abbrevs with hooks. | |
1013 | |
1014 When an abbrev defined with a hook is expanded, it now performs the | |
1015 usual replacement of the abbrev with the expansion before running the | |
1016 hook. Previously the abbrev itself was deleted but the expansion was | |
1017 not inserted. | |
1018 | |
1019 * Function `scan-buffer' deleted. | |
1020 | |
1021 Use `search-forward' or `search-backward' in place of `scan-buffer'. | |
1022 You will have to rearrange the arguments. | |
1023 | |
1024 * X window interface improvements. | |
1025 | |
1026 ** Detect release of mouse buttons. | |
1027 | |
1028 Button-up events can now be detected. See the file `lisp/x-mouse.el' | |
1029 for details. | |
1030 | |
1031 ** New pop-up menu facility. | |
1032 | |
1033 The new function `x-popup-menu' pops up a menu (in a X window) | |
1034 and returns an indication of which selection the user made. | |
1035 For more information, see its self-documentation. | |
1036 | |
1037 * M-x disassemble. | |
1038 | |
1039 This command prints the disassembly of a byte-compiled Emacs Lisp function. | |
1040 | |
1041 Would anyone like to interface this to the debugger? | |
1042 | |
1043 * `insert-buffer-substring' can insert part of the current buffer. | |
1044 | |
1045 The old restriction that the text being inserted had to come from | |
1046 a different buffer is now lifted. | |
1047 | |
1048 When inserting text from the current buffer, the text to be inserted | |
1049 is determined from the specified bounds before any copying takes place. | |
1050 | |
1051 * New function `substitute-key-definition'. | |
1052 | |
1053 This is a new way to replace one command with another command as the | |
1054 binding of whatever keys may happen to refer to it. | |
1055 | |
1056 (substitute-key-definition OLDDEF NEWDEF KEYMAP) looks through KEYMAP | |
1057 for keys defined to run OLDDEF, and rebinds those keys to run NEWDEF | |
1058 instead. | |
1059 | |
1060 * New function `insert-char'. | |
1061 | |
1062 Insert a specified character, a specified number of times. | |
1063 | |
1064 * `mark-marker' changed. | |
1065 | |
1066 When there is no mark, this now returns a marker that points | |
1067 nowhere, rather than `nil'. | |
1068 | |
1069 * `ding' accepts argument. | |
1070 | |
1071 When given an argument, the function `ding' does not terminate | |
1072 execution of a keyboard macro. Normally, `ding' does terminate | |
1073 all macros that are currently executing. | |
1074 | |
1075 * New function `minibuffer-depth'. | |
1076 | |
1077 This function returns the current depth in minibuffer activations. | |
1078 The value is zero when the minibuffer is not in use. | |
1079 Values greater than one are possible if the user has entered the | |
1080 minibuffer recursively. | |
1081 | |
1082 * New function `documentation-property'. | |
1083 | |
1084 (documentation-property SYMBOL PROPNAME) is like (get SYMBOL PROPNAME), | |
1085 except that if the property value is a number `documentation-property' | |
1086 will take that number (or its absolute value) as a character position | |
1087 in the DOC file and return the string found there. | |
1088 | |
1089 (documentation-property VAR 'variable-documentation) is the proper | |
1090 way for a Lisp program to get the documentation of variable VAR. | |
1091 | |
1092 * New documentation-string expansion feature. | |
1093 | |
1094 If a documentation string (for a variable or function) contains text | |
1095 of the form `\<FOO>', it means that all command names specified in | |
1096 `\[COMMAND]' construct from that point on should be turned into keys | |
1097 using the value of the variable FOO as the local keymap. Thus, for example, | |
1098 | |
1099 `\<emacs-lisp-mode-map>\[eval-defun] evaluates the defun containing point.' | |
1100 | |
1101 will expand into | |
1102 | |
1103 "ESC C-x evaluates the defun containing point." | |
1104 | |
1105 regardless of the current major mode, because ESC C-x is defined to | |
1106 run `eval-defun' in the keymap `emacs-lisp-mode-map'. The effect is | |
1107 to show the key for `eval-defun' in Emacs Lisp mode regardless of the | |
1108 current major mode. | |
1109 | |
1110 The `\<...>' construct applies to all `\[...]' constructs that follow it, | |
1111 up to the end of the documentation string or the next `\<...>'. | |
1112 | |
1113 Without `\<...>', the keys for commands specified in `\[...]' are found | |
1114 in the current buffer's local map. | |
1115 | |
1116 The current global keymap is always searched second, whether `\<...>' | |
1117 has been used or not. | |
1118 | |
1119 * Multiple hooks allowed in certain contexts. | |
1120 | |
1121 The old hook variables `find-file-hook', `find-file-not-found-hook' and | |
1122 `write-file-hook' have been replaced. | |
1123 | |
1124 The replacements are `find-file-hooks', `find-file-not-found-hooks' | |
1125 and `write-file-hooks'. Each holds a list of functions to be called; | |
1126 by default, `nil', for no functions. The functions are called in | |
1127 order of appearance in the list. | |
1128 | |
1129 In the case of `find-file-hooks', all the functions are executed. | |
1130 | |
1131 In the case of `find-file-not-found-hooks', if any of the functions | |
1132 returns non-`nil', the rest of the functions are not called. | |
1133 | |
1134 In the case of `write-file-hooks', if any of the functions returns | |
1135 non-`nil', the rest of the functions are not called, and the file is | |
1136 considered to have been written already; so actual writing in the | |
1137 usual way is not done. If `write-file-hooks' is local to a buffer, | |
1138 it is set to its global value if `set-visited-file-name' is called | |
1139 (and thus by C-x C-w as well). | |
1140 | |
1141 `find-file-not-found-hooks' and `write-file-hooks' can be used | |
1142 together to implement editing of files that are not stored as Unix | |
1143 files: stored in archives, or inside version control systems, or on | |
1144 other machines running other operating systems and accessible via ftp. | |
1145 | |
1146 * New hooks for suspending Emacs. | |
1147 | |
1148 Suspending Emacs runs the hook `suspend-hook' before suspending | |
1149 and the hook `suspend-resume-hook' if the suspended Emacs is resumed. | |
1150 Running a hook is done by applying the variable's value to no arguments | |
1151 if the variable has a non-`nil' value. If `suspend-hook' returns | |
1152 non-`nil', then suspending is inhibited and so is running the | |
1153 `suspend-resume-hook'. The non-`nil' value means that the `suspend-hook' | |
1154 has done whatever suspending is required. | |
1155 | |
1156 * Disabling commands can print a special message. | |
1157 | |
1158 A command is disabled by giving it a non-`nil' `disabled' property. | |
1159 Now, if this property is a string, it is included in the message | |
1160 printed when the user tries to run the command. | |
1161 | |
1162 * Emacs can open TCP connections. | |
1163 | |
1164 The function `open-network-stream' opens a TCP connection to | |
1165 a specified host and service. Its value is a Lisp object that represents | |
1166 the connection. The object is a kind of "subprocess", and I/O are | |
1167 done like I/O to subprocesses. | |
1168 | |
1169 * Display-related changes. | |
1170 | |
1171 ** New mode-line control features. | |
1172 | |
1173 The display of the mode line used to be controlled by a format-string | |
1174 that was the value of the variable `mode-line-format'. | |
1175 | |
1176 This variable still exists, but it now allows more general values, | |
1177 not just strings. Lists, cons cells and symbols are also meaningful. | |
1178 | |
1179 The mode line contents are created by outputting various mode elements | |
1180 one after the other. Here are the kinds of objects that can be | |
1181 used as mode elements, and what they do in the display: | |
1182 | |
1183 string the contents of the string are output to the mode line, | |
1184 and %-constructs are replaced by other text. | |
1185 | |
1186 t or nil ignored; no output results. | |
1187 | |
1188 symbol the symbol's value is used. If the value is a string, | |
1189 the string is output verbatim to the mode line | |
1190 (so %-constructs are not interpreted). Otherwise, | |
1191 the symbol's value is processed as a mode element. | |
1192 | |
1193 list (whose first element is a string or list or cons cell) | |
1194 the elements of the list are treated as as mode elements, | |
1195 so that the output they generate is concatenated, | |
1196 | |
1197 list (whose car is a symbol) | |
1198 if the symbol's value is non-nil, the second element of the | |
1199 list is treated as a mode element. Otherwise, the third | |
1200 element (if any) of the list is treated as a mode element. | |
1201 | |
1202 cons (whose car is a positive integer) | |
1203 the cdr of the cons is used as a mode element, but | |
1204 the text it produces is padded, if necessary, to have | |
1205 at least the width specified by the integer. | |
1206 | |
1207 cons (whose car is a negative integer) | |
1208 the cdr of the cons is used as a mode element, but | |
1209 the text it produces is truncated, if necessary, to have | |
1210 at most the width specified by the integer. | |
1211 | |
1212 There is always one mode element to start with, that being the value of | |
1213 `mode-line-format', but if this value is a list then it leads to several | |
1214 more mode elements, which can lead to more, and so on. | |
1215 | |
1216 There is one new %-construct for mode elements that are strings: | |
1217 `%n' displays ` Narrow' for a buffer that is narrowed. | |
1218 | |
1219 The default value of `mode-line-format' refers to several other variables. | |
1220 These variables are `mode-name', `mode-line-buffer-identification', | |
1221 `mode-line-process', `mode-line-modified', `global-mode-string' and | |
1222 `minor-mode-alist'. The first four are local in every buffer in which they | |
1223 are changed from the default. | |
1224 | |
1225 mode-name Name of buffer's major mode. Local in every buffer. | |
1226 | |
1227 mode-line-buffer-identification | |
1228 Normally the list ("Emacs: %17b"), it is responsible | |
1229 for displaying text to indicate what buffer is being shown | |
1230 and what kind of editing it is doing. `Emacs' means | |
1231 that a file of characters is being edited. Major modes | |
1232 such as Info and Dired which edit or view other kinds | |
1233 of data often change this value. This variables becomes | |
1234 local to the current buffer if it is setq'd. | |
1235 | |
1236 mode-line-process | |
1237 Normally nil, this variable is responsible for displaying | |
1238 information about the process running in the current buffer. | |
1239 M-x shell-mode and M-x compile alter this variable. | |
1240 | |
1241 mode-line-modified | |
1242 This variable is responsible for displaying the indication | |
1243 of whether the current buffer is modified or read-only. | |
1244 By default its value is `("--%*%*-")'. | |
1245 | |
1246 minor-mode-alist | |
1247 This variable is responsible for displaying text for those | |
1248 minor modes that are currently enabled. Its value | |
1249 is a list of elements of the form (VARIABLE STRING), | |
1250 where STRING is to be displayed if VARIABLE's value | |
1251 (in the buffer whose mode line is being displayed) | |
1252 is non-nil. This variable is not made local to particular | |
1253 buffers, but loading some libraries may add elements to it. | |
1254 | |
1255 global-mode-string | |
1256 This variable is used to display the time, if you ask | |
1257 for that. | |
1258 | |
1259 The idea of these variables is to eliminate the need for major modes | |
1260 to alter mode-line-format itself. | |
1261 | |
1262 ** `window-point' valid for selected window. | |
1263 | |
1264 The value returned by `window-point' used to be incorrect when its | |
1265 argument was the selected window. Now the value is correct. | |
1266 | |
1267 ** Window configurations may be saved as Lisp objects. | |
1268 | |
1269 The function `current-window-configuration' returns a special type of | |
1270 Lisp object that represents the current layout of windows: the | |
1271 sizes and positions of windows, which buffers appear in them, and | |
1272 which parts of the buffers appear on the screen. | |
1273 | |
1274 The function `set-window-configuration' takes one argument, which must | |
1275 be a window configuration object, and restores that configuration. | |
1276 | |
1277 ** New hook `temp-output-buffer-show-hook'. | |
1278 | |
1279 This hook allows you to control how help buffers are displayed. | |
1280 Whenever `with-output-to-temp-buffer' has executed its body and wants | |
1281 to display the temp buffer, if this variable is bound and non-`nil' | |
1282 then its value is called with one argument, the temp buffer. | |
1283 The hook function is solely responsible for displaying the buffer. | |
1284 The standard manner of display--making the buffer appear in a window--is | |
1285 used only if there is no hook function. | |
1286 | |
1287 ** New function `minibuffer-window'. | |
1288 | |
1289 This function returns the window used (sometimes) for displaying | |
1290 the minibuffer. It can be used even when the minibuffer is not active. | |
1291 | |
1292 ** New feature to `next-window'. | |
1293 | |
1294 If the optional second argument is neither `nil' nor `t', the minibuffer | |
1295 window is omitted from consideration even when active; if the starting | |
1296 window was the last non-minibuffer window, the value will be the first | |
1297 non-minibuffer window. | |
1298 | |
1299 ** New variable `minibuffer-scroll-window'. | |
1300 | |
1301 When this variable is non-`nil', the command `scroll-other-window' | |
1302 uses it as the window to be scrolled. Displays of completion-lists | |
1303 set this variable to the window containing the display. | |
1304 | |
1305 ** New argument to `sit-for'. | |
1306 | |
1307 A non-nil second argument to `sit-for' means do not redisplay; | |
1308 just wait for the specified time or until input is available. | |
1309 | |
1310 ** Deleted function `set-minor-mode'; minor modes must be changed. | |
1311 | |
1312 The function `set-minor-mode' has been eliminated. The display | |
1313 of minor mode names in the mode line is now controlled by the | |
1314 variable `minor-mode-alist'. To specify display of a new minor | |
1315 mode, it is sufficient to add an element to this list. Once that | |
1316 is done, you can turn the mode on and off just by setting a variable, | |
1317 and the display will show its status automatically. | |
1318 | |
1319 ** New variable `cursor-in-echo-area'. | |
1320 | |
1321 If this variable is non-nil, the screen cursor appears on the | |
1322 last line of the screen, at the end of the text displayed there. | |
1323 | |
1324 Binding this variable to t is useful at times when reading single | |
1325 characters of input with `read-char'. | |
1326 | |
1327 ** New per-buffer variable `selective-display-ellipses'. | |
1328 | |
1329 If this variable is non-nil, an ellipsis (`...') appears on the screen | |
1330 at the end of each text line that is followed by invisible text. | |
1331 | |
1332 If this variable is nil, no ellipses appear. Then there is no sign | |
1333 on the screen that invisible text is present. | |
1334 | |
1335 Text is made invisible under the control of the variable | |
1336 `selective-display'; this is how Outline mode and C-x $ work. | |
1337 | |
1338 ** New variable `no-redraw-on-reenter'. | |
1339 | |
1340 If you set this variable non-nil, Emacs will not clear the screen when | |
1341 you resume it after suspending it. This is for the sake of terminals | |
1342 with multiple screens of memory, where the termcap entry has been set | |
1343 up to switch between screens when Emacs is suspended and resumed. | |
1344 | |
1345 ** New argument to `set-screen-height' or `set-screen-width'. | |
1346 | |
1347 These functions now take an optional second argument which says | |
1348 what significance the newly specified height or width has. | |
1349 | |
1350 If the argument is nil, or absent, it means that Emacs should | |
1351 believe that the terminal height or width really is as just specified. | |
1352 | |
1353 If the argument is t, it means Emacs should not believe that the | |
1354 terminal really is this high or wide, but it should use the | |
1355 specific height or width as the number of lines or columns to display. | |
1356 Thus, you could display only 24 lines on a screen known to have 48 lines. | |
1357 | |
1358 What practical difference is there between using only 24 lines for display | |
1359 and really believing that the terminal has 24 lines? | |
1360 | |
1361 1. The "real" height of the terminal says what the terminal command | |
1362 to move the cursor to the last line will do. | |
1363 | |
1364 2. The "real" height of the terminal determines how much padding is | |
1365 needed. | |
1366 | |
1367 * File-related changes. | |
1368 | |
1369 ** New parameter `backup-by-copying-when-mismatch'. | |
1370 | |
1371 If this variable is non-`nil', then when Emacs is about to save a | |
1372 file, it will create the backup file by copying if that would avoid | |
1373 changing the file's uid or gid. | |
1374 | |
1375 The default value of this variable is `nil', because usually it is | |
1376 useful to have the uid of a file change according to who edited it | |
1377 last. I recommend thet this variable be left normally `nil' and | |
1378 changed with a local variables list in those particular files where | |
1379 the uid needs to be preserved. | |
1380 | |
1381 ** New parameter `file-precious-flag'. | |
1382 | |
1383 If this variable is non-`nil', saving the buffer tries to avoid | |
1384 leaving an incomplete file due to disk full or other I/O errors. | |
1385 It renames the old file before saving. If saving is successful, | |
1386 the renamed file is deleted; if saving gets an error, the renamed | |
1387 file is renamed back to the name you visited. | |
1388 | |
1389 Backups are always made by copying for such files. | |
1390 | |
1391 ** New variable `buffer-offer-save'. | |
1392 | |
1393 If the value of this variable is non-`nil' in a buffer then exiting | |
1394 Emacs will offer to save the buffer (if it is modified and nonempty) | |
1395 even if the buffer is not visiting a file. This variable is | |
1396 automatically made local to the current buffer whenever it is set. | |
1397 | |
1398 ** `rename-file', `copy-file', `add-name-to-file' and `make-symbolic-link'. | |
1399 | |
1400 The third argument to these functions used to be `t' or `nil'; `t' | |
1401 meaning go ahead even if the specified new file name already has a file, | |
1402 and `nil' meaning to get an error. | |
1403 | |
1404 Now if the third argument is a number it means to ask the user for | |
1405 confirmation in this case. | |
1406 | |
1407 ** New optional argument to `copy-file'. | |
1408 | |
1409 If `copy-file' receives a non-nil fourth argument, it attempts | |
1410 to give the new copy the same time-of-last-modification that the | |
1411 original file has. | |
1412 | |
1413 ** New function `file-newer-than-file-p'. | |
1414 | |
1415 (file-newer-than-file-p FILE1 FILE2) returns non-nil if FILE1 has been | |
1416 modified more recently than FILE2. If FILE1 does not exist, the value | |
1417 is always nil; otherwise, if FILE2 does not exist, the value is t. | |
1418 This is meant for use when FILE2 depends on FILE1, to see if changes | |
1419 in FILE1 make it necessary to recompute FILE2 from it. | |
1420 | |
1421 ** Changed function `file-exists-p'. | |
1422 | |
1423 This function is no longer the same as `file-readable-p'. | |
1424 `file-exists-p' can now return t for a file that exists but which | |
1425 the fascists won't allow you to read. | |
1426 | |
1427 ** New function `file-locked-p'. | |
1428 | |
1429 This function receives a file name as argument and returns `nil' | |
1430 if the file is not locked, `t' if locked by this Emacs, or a | |
1431 string giving the name of the user who has locked it. | |
1432 | |
1433 ** New function `file-name-sans-versions'. | |
1434 | |
1435 (file-name-sans-versions NAME) returns a substring of NAME, with any | |
1436 version numbers or other backup suffixes deleted from the end. | |
1437 | |
1438 ** New functions for directory names. | |
1439 | |
1440 Although a directory is really a kind of file, specifying a directory | |
1441 uses a somewhat different syntax from specifying a file. | |
1442 In Emacs, a directory name is used as part of a file name. | |
1443 | |
1444 On Unix, the difference is small: a directory name ends in a slash, | |
1445 while a file name does not: thus, `/usr/rms/' to name a directory, | |
1446 while `/usr/rms' names the file which holds that directory. | |
1447 | |
1448 On VMS, the difference is considerable: `du:[rms.foo]' specifies a | |
1449 directory, but the name of the file that holds that directory is | |
1450 `du:[rms]foo.dir'. | |
1451 | |
1452 There are two new functions for converting between directory names | |
1453 and file names. `directory-file-name' takes a directory name and | |
1454 returns the name of the file in which that directory's data is stored. | |
1455 `file-name-as-directory' takes the name of a file and returns | |
1456 the corresponding directory name. These always understand Unix file name | |
1457 syntax; on VMS, they understand VMS syntax as well. | |
1458 | |
1459 For example, (file-name-as-directory "/usr/rms") returns "/usr/rms/" | |
1460 and (directory-file-name "/usr/rms/") returns "/usr/rms". | |
1461 On VMS, (file-name-as-directory "du:[rms]foo.dir") returns "du:[rms.foo]" | |
1462 and (directory-file-name "du:[rms.foo]") returns "du:[rms]foo.dir". | |
1463 | |
1464 ** Value of `file-attributes' changed. | |
1465 | |
1466 The function file-attributes returns a list containing many kinds of | |
1467 information about a file. Now the list has eleven elements. | |
1468 | |
1469 The tenth element is `t' if deleting the file and creating another | |
1470 file of the same name would result in a change in the file's group; | |
1471 `nil' if there would be no change. You can also think of this as | |
1472 comparing the file's group with the default group for files created in | |
1473 the same directory by you. | |
1474 | |
1475 The eleventh element is the inode number of the file. | |
1476 | |
1477 ** VMS-only function `file-name-all-versions'. | |
1478 | |
1479 This function returns a list of all the completions, including version | |
1480 number, of a specified version-number-less file name. This is like | |
1481 `file-name-all-completions', except that the latter returns values | |
1482 that do not include version numbers. | |
1483 | |
1484 ** VMS-only variable `vms-stmlf-recfm'. | |
1485 | |
1486 On a VMS system, if this variable is non-nil, Emacs will give newly | |
1487 created files the record format `stmlf'. This is necessary for files | |
1488 that must contain lines of arbitrary length, such as compiled Emacs | |
1489 Lisp. | |
1490 | |
1491 When writing a new version of an existing file, Emacs always keeps | |
1492 the same record format as the previous version; so this variable has | |
1493 no effect. | |
1494 | |
1495 This variable has no effect on Unix systems. | |
1496 | |
1497 ** `insert-file-contents' on an empty file. | |
1498 | |
1499 This no longer sets the buffer's "modified" flag. | |
1500 | |
1501 ** New function (VMS only) `define-logical-name': | |
1502 | |
1503 (define-logical-name LOGICAL TRANSLATION) defines a VMS logical name | |
1504 LOGICAL whose translation is TRANSLATION. The new name applies to | |
1505 the current process only. | |
1506 | |
1507 ** Deleted variable `ask-about-buffer-names'. | |
1508 | |
1509 If you want buffer names for files to be generated in a special way, | |
1510 you must redefine `create-file-buffer'. | |
1511 | |
1512 * Subprocess-related changes. | |
1513 | |
1514 ** New function `process-list'. | |
1515 | |
1516 This function takes no arguments and returns a list of all | |
1517 of Emacs's asynchronous subprocesses. | |
1518 | |
1519 ** New function `process-exit-status'. | |
1520 | |
1521 This function, given a process, process name or buffer as argument, | |
1522 returns the exit status code or signal number of the process. | |
1523 If the process has not yet exited or died, this function returns 0. | |
1524 | |
1525 ** Process output ignores `buffer-read-only'. | |
1526 | |
1527 Output from a process will go into the process's buffer even if the | |
1528 buffer is read only. | |
1529 | |
1530 ** Switching buffers in filter functions and sentinels. | |
1531 | |
1532 Emacs no longer saves and restore the current buffer around calling | |
1533 the filter and sentinel functions, so these functions can now | |
1534 permanently alter the selected buffer in a straightforward manner. | |
1535 | |
1536 ** Specifying environment variables for subprocesses. | |
1537 | |
1538 When a subprocess is started with `start-process' or `call-process', | |
1539 the value of the variable `process-environment' is taken to | |
1540 specify the environment variables to give the subprocess. The | |
1541 value should be a list of strings, each of the form "VAR=VALUE". | |
1542 | |
1543 `process-environment' is initialized when Emacs starts up | |
1544 based on Emacs's environment. | |
1545 | |
1546 ** New variable `process-connection-type'. | |
1547 | |
1548 If this variable is `nil', when a subprocess is created, Emacs uses | |
1549 a pipe rather than a pty to communicate with it. Normally this | |
1550 variable is `t', telling Emacs to use a pty if ptys are supported | |
1551 and one is available. | |
1552 | |
1553 ** New function `waiting-for-user-input-p'. | |
1554 | |
1555 This function, given a subprocess as argument, returns `t' if that | |
1556 subprocess appears to be waiting for input sent from Emacs, | |
1557 or `nil' otherwise. | |
1558 | |
1559 ** New hook `shell-set-directory-error-hook'. | |
1560 | |
1561 The value of this variable is called, with no arguments, whenever | |
1562 Shell mode gets an error trying to keep track of directory-setting | |
1563 commands (such as `cd' and `pushd') used in the shell buffer. | |
1564 | |
1565 * New functions `user-uid' and `user-real-uid'. | |
1566 | |
1567 These functions take no arguments and return, respectively, | |
1568 the effective uid and the real uid of the Emacs process. | |
1569 The value in each case is an integer. | |
1570 | |
1571 * New variable `print-escape-newlines' controls string printing. | |
1572 | |
1573 If this variable is non-`nil', then when a Lisp string is printed | |
1574 by the Lisp printing function `prin1' or `print', newline characters | |
1575 are printed as `\n' rather than as a literal newline. | |
1576 | |
1577 * New function `sysnetunam' on HPUX. | |
1578 | |
1579 This function takes two arguments, a network address PATH and a | |
1580 login string LOGIN, and executes the system call `netunam'. | |
1581 It returns `t' if the call succeeds, otherwise `nil'. | |
1582 | |
1583 News regarding installation: | |
1584 | |
1585 * Many `s-...' file names changed. | |
1586 | |
1587 Many `s-...' files have been renamed. All periods in such names, | |
1588 except the ones just before the final `h', have been changed to | |
1589 hyphens. Thus, `s-bsd4.2.h' has been renamed to `s-bsd4-2.h'. | |
1590 | |
1591 This is so a Unix distribution can be moved mechanically to VMS. | |
1592 | |
1593 * `DOCSTR...' file now called `DOC-...'. | |
1594 | |
1595 The file of on-line documentation strings, that used to be | |
1596 `DOCSTR.mm.nn.oo' in this directory, is now called `DOC-mm.nn.oo'. | |
1597 This is so that it can port to VMS using the standard conventions | |
1598 for translating filenames for VMS. | |
1599 | |
1600 This file also now contains the doc strings for variables as | |
1601 well as functions. | |
1602 | |
1603 * Emacs no longer uses floating point arithmetic. | |
1604 | |
1605 This may make it easier to port to some machines. | |
1606 | |
1607 * Macros `XPNTR' and `XSETPNTR'; flag `DATA_SEG_BITS'. | |
1608 | |
1609 These macros exclusively are used to unpack a pointer from a Lisp_Object | |
1610 and to insert a pointer into a Lisp_Object. Redefining them may help | |
1611 port Emacs to machines in which all pointers to data objects have | |
1612 certain high bits set. | |
1613 | |
1614 If `DATA_SEG_BITS' is defined, it should be a number which contains | |
1615 the high bits to be inclusive or'ed with pointers that are unpacked. | |
1616 | |
1617 * New flag `HAVE_X_MENU'. | |
1618 | |
1619 Define this flag in `config.h' in addition to `HAVE_X_WINDOWS' | |
1620 to enable use of the Emacs interface to X Menus. On some operating | |
1621 systems, the rest of the X interface works properly but X Menus | |
1622 do not work; hence this separate flag. See the file `src/xmenu.c' | |
1623 for more information. | |
1624 | |
1625 * Macros `ARRAY_MARK_FLAG' and `DONT_COPY_FLAG'. | |
1626 | |
1627 * `HAVE_ALLOCA' prevents assembly of `alloca.s'. | |
1628 | |
1629 * `SYSTEM_MALLOC' prevents use of GNU `malloc.c'. | |
1630 | |
1631 SYSTEM_MALLOC, if defined, means use the system's own `malloc' routines | |
1632 rather than those that come with Emacs. | |
1633 | |
1634 Use this only if absolutely necessary, because if it is used you do | |
1635 not get warnings when space is getting low. | |
1636 | |
1637 * New flags to control unexec. | |
1638 | |
1639 See the file `unexec.c' for a long comment on the compilation | |
1640 switches that suffice to make it work on many machines. | |
1641 | |
1642 * `PNTR_COMPARISON_TYPE' | |
1643 | |
1644 Pointers that need to be compared for ordering are converted to this type | |
1645 first. Normally this is `unsigned int'. | |
1646 | |
1647 * `HAVE_VFORK', `HAVE_DUP2' and `HAVE_GETTIMEOFDAY'. | |
1648 | |
1649 These flags just say whether certain system calls are available. | |
1650 | |
1651 * New macros control compiler switches, linker switches and libraries. | |
1652 | |
1653 The m- and s- files can now control in a modular fashion the precise | |
1654 arguments passed to `cc' and `ld'. | |
1655 | |
1656 LIBS_STANDARD defines the standard C libraries. Default is `-lc'. | |
1657 LIBS_DEBUG defines the extra libraries to use when debugging. Default `-lg'. | |
1658 LIBS_SYSTEM can be defined by the s- file to specify extra libraries. | |
1659 LIBS_MACHINE can be defined by the m- file to specify extra libraries. | |
1660 LIBS_TERMCAP defines the libraries for Termcap or Terminfo. | |
1661 It is defined by default in a complicated fashion but the m- or s- file | |
1662 can override it. | |
1663 | |
1664 LD_SWITCH_SYSTEM can be defined by the s- file to specify extra `ld' switches. | |
1665 The default is `-X' on BSD systems except those few that use COFF object files. | |
1666 LD_SWITCH_MACHINE can be defined by the m- file to specify extra `ld' switches. | |
1667 | |
1668 C_DEBUG_SWITCH defines the switches to give `cc' when debugging. Default `-g'. | |
1669 C_OPTIMIZE_SWITCH defines the switches to give `cc' to optimize. Default `-O'. | |
1670 C_SWITCH_MACHINE can be defined by the m- file to specify extra `cc' switches. | |
1671 | |
1672 For older news, see the file ONEWS.3. | |
1673 | |
1674 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
1675 Copyright information: | |
1676 | |
1677 Copyright (C) 1992 Free Software Foundation, Inc. | |
1678 | |
1679 Permission is granted to anyone to make or distribute verbatim copies | |
1680 of this document as received, in any medium, provided that the | |
1681 copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved, | |
1682 thus giving the recipient permission to redistribute in turn. | |
1683 | |
1684 Permission is granted to distribute modified versions | |
1685 of this document, or of portions of it, | |
1686 under the above conditions, provided also that they | |
1687 carry prominent notices stating who last changed them. | |
1688 | |
1689 Local variables: | |
1690 mode: text | |
1691 end: | |
52401 | 1692 |
1693 arch-tag: 373312be-99a8-46d5-bcb0-a62577ab5045 |