Mercurial > emacs
annotate man/message.texi @ 59688:3761d1e2619d
* NEWS: Mention alias `find-grep' for `grep-find'.
* progmodes/grep.el: Add alias `find-grep' for `grep-find'.
* building.texi (Grep Searching): Mention alias `find-grep' for
`grep-find'.
author | David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org> |
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date | Sat, 22 Jan 2005 15:43:56 +0000 |
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rev | line source |
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25829 | 1 \input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*- |
2 | |
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3 @setfilename ../info/message |
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4 @settitle Message Manual |
25829 | 5 @synindex fn cp |
6 @synindex vr cp | |
7 @synindex pg cp | |
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8 @copying |
25829 | 9 This file documents Message, the Emacs message composition mode. |
10 | |
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11 Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 |
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12 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
25829 | 13 |
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14 @quotation |
31852 | 15 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document |
16 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or | |
32314 | 17 any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no |
18 Invariant Sections, with the Front-Cover texts being ``A GNU | |
31852 | 19 Manual'', and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below. A copy of the |
20 license is included in the section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation | |
32249 | 21 License'' in the Emacs manual. |
25829 | 22 |
31852 | 23 (a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: ``You have freedom to copy and modify |
24 this GNU Manual, like GNU software. Copies published by the Free | |
25 Software Foundation raise funds for GNU development.'' | |
32249 | 26 |
27 This document is part of a collection distributed under the GNU Free | |
28 Documentation License. If you want to distribute this document | |
29 separately from the collection, you can do so by adding a copy of the | |
30 license to the document, as described in section 6 of the license. | |
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31 @end quotation |
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32 @end copying |
25829 | 33 |
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34 @dircategory Emacs |
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35 @direntry |
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36 * Message: (message). Mail and news composition mode that goes with Gnus. |
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37 @end direntry |
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38 @iftex |
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39 @finalout |
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40 @end iftex |
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41 @setchapternewpage odd |
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42 |
25829 | 43 @titlepage |
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44 @title Message Manual |
25829 | 45 |
46 @author by Lars Magne Ingebrigtsen | |
47 @page | |
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48 |
25829 | 49 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll |
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50 @insertcopying |
25829 | 51 @end titlepage |
52 @page | |
53 | |
54 @node Top | |
55 @top Message | |
56 | |
57 All message composition from Gnus (both mail and news) takes place in | |
58 Message mode buffers. | |
59 | |
60 @menu | |
61 * Interface:: Setting up message buffers. | |
62 * Commands:: Commands you can execute in message mode buffers. | |
63 * Variables:: Customizing the message buffers. | |
64 * Compatibility:: Making Message backwards compatible. | |
65 * Appendices:: More technical things. | |
66 * Index:: Variable, function and concept index. | |
67 * Key Index:: List of Message mode keys. | |
68 @end menu | |
69 | |
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70 This manual corresponds to Message v5.10.6. Message is distributed |
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71 with the Gnus distribution bearing the same version number as this |
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72 manual. |
25829 | 73 |
74 | |
75 @node Interface | |
76 @chapter Interface | |
77 | |
78 When a program (or a person) wants to respond to a message -- reply, | |
79 follow up, forward, cancel -- the program (or person) should just put | |
80 point in the buffer where the message is and call the required command. | |
81 @code{Message} will then pop up a new @code{message} mode buffer with | |
82 appropriate headers filled out, and the user can edit the message before | |
83 sending it. | |
84 | |
85 @menu | |
86 * New Mail Message:: Editing a brand new mail message. | |
87 * New News Message:: Editing a brand new news message. | |
88 * Reply:: Replying via mail. | |
89 * Wide Reply:: Responding to all people via mail. | |
90 * Followup:: Following up via news. | |
91 * Canceling News:: Canceling a news article. | |
92 * Superseding:: Superseding a message. | |
93 * Forwarding:: Forwarding a message via news or mail. | |
94 * Resending:: Resending a mail message. | |
95 * Bouncing:: Bouncing a mail message. | |
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96 * Mailing Lists:: Send mail to mailing lists. |
25829 | 97 @end menu |
98 | |
99 | |
100 @node New Mail Message | |
101 @section New Mail Message | |
102 | |
103 @findex message-mail | |
31852 | 104 The @code{message-mail} command pops up a new message buffer. |
25829 | 105 |
106 Two optional parameters are accepted: The first will be used as the | |
107 @code{To} header and the second as the @code{Subject} header. If these | |
108 are @code{nil}, those two headers will be empty. | |
109 | |
110 | |
111 @node New News Message | |
112 @section New News Message | |
113 | |
114 @findex message-news | |
31852 | 115 The @code{message-news} command pops up a new message buffer. |
25829 | 116 |
117 This function accepts two optional parameters. The first will be used | |
118 as the @code{Newsgroups} header and the second as the @code{Subject} | |
119 header. If these are @code{nil}, those two headers will be empty. | |
120 | |
121 | |
122 @node Reply | |
123 @section Reply | |
124 | |
125 @findex message-reply | |
126 The @code{message-reply} function pops up a message buffer that's a | |
127 reply to the message in the current buffer. | |
128 | |
129 @vindex message-reply-to-function | |
130 Message uses the normal methods to determine where replies are to go | |
131 (@pxref{Responses}), but you can change the behavior to suit your needs | |
132 by fiddling with the @code{message-reply-to-function} variable. | |
133 | |
134 If you want the replies to go to the @code{Sender} instead of the | |
135 @code{From}, you could do something like this: | |
136 | |
137 @lisp | |
138 (setq message-reply-to-function | |
139 (lambda () | |
140 (cond ((equal (mail-fetch-field "from") "somebody") | |
31852 | 141 (list (cons 'To (mail-fetch-field "sender")))) |
142 (t | |
25829 | 143 nil)))) |
144 @end lisp | |
145 | |
146 This function will be called narrowed to the head of the article that is | |
147 being replied to. | |
148 | |
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149 As you can see, this function should return a list. In this case, it |
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150 returns @code{((To . "Whom"))} if it has an opinion as to what the To |
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151 header should be. If it does not, it should just return @code{nil}, and |
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152 the normal methods for determining the To header will be used. |
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153 |
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154 Each list element should be a cons, where the @sc{car} should be the |
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155 name of a header (e.g. @code{Cc}) and the @sc{cdr} should be the header |
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156 value (e.g. @samp{larsi@@ifi.uio.no}). All these headers will be |
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157 inserted into the head of the outgoing mail. |
25829 | 158 |
159 | |
160 @node Wide Reply | |
161 @section Wide Reply | |
162 | |
163 @findex message-wide-reply | |
164 The @code{message-wide-reply} pops up a message buffer that's a wide | |
165 reply to the message in the current buffer. A @dfn{wide reply} is a | |
166 reply that goes out to all people listed in the @code{To}, @code{From} | |
167 (or @code{Reply-to}) and @code{Cc} headers. | |
168 | |
169 @vindex message-wide-reply-to-function | |
170 Message uses the normal methods to determine where wide replies are to go, | |
171 but you can change the behavior to suit your needs by fiddling with the | |
172 @code{message-wide-reply-to-function}. It is used in the same way as | |
31852 | 173 @code{message-reply-to-function} (@pxref{Reply}). |
25829 | 174 |
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175 @vindex message-dont-reply-to-names |
31852 | 176 Addresses that match the @code{message-dont-reply-to-names} regular |
25829 | 177 expression will be removed from the @code{Cc} header. |
178 | |
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179 @vindex message-wide-reply-confirm-recipients |
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180 If @code{message-wide-reply-confirm-recipients} is non-@code{nil} you |
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181 will be asked to confirm that you want to reply to multiple |
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182 recipients. The default is @code{nil}. |
25829 | 183 |
184 @node Followup | |
185 @section Followup | |
186 | |
187 @findex message-followup | |
188 The @code{message-followup} command pops up a message buffer that's a | |
189 followup to the message in the current buffer. | |
190 | |
191 @vindex message-followup-to-function | |
192 Message uses the normal methods to determine where followups are to go, | |
193 but you can change the behavior to suit your needs by fiddling with the | |
194 @code{message-followup-to-function}. It is used in the same way as | |
195 @code{message-reply-to-function} (@pxref{Reply}). | |
196 | |
197 @vindex message-use-followup-to | |
198 The @code{message-use-followup-to} variable says what to do about | |
199 @code{Followup-To} headers. If it is @code{use}, always use the value. | |
200 If it is @code{ask} (which is the default), ask whether to use the | |
201 value. If it is @code{t}, use the value unless it is @samp{poster}. If | |
202 it is @code{nil}, don't use the value. | |
203 | |
204 | |
205 @node Canceling News | |
206 @section Canceling News | |
207 | |
208 @findex message-cancel-news | |
209 The @code{message-cancel-news} command cancels the article in the | |
210 current buffer. | |
211 | |
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212 @vindex message-cancel-message |
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213 The value of @code{message-cancel-message} is inserted in the body of |
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214 the cancel message. The default is @samp{I am canceling my own |
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215 article.}. |
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216 |
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217 @cindex Cancel Locks |
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218 @vindex message-insert-canlock |
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219 @cindex canlock |
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220 When Message posts news messages, it inserts @code{Cancel-Lock} |
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221 headers by default. This is a cryptographic header that ensures that |
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222 only you can cancel your own messages, which is nice. The downside |
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223 is that if you lose your @file{.emacs} file (which is where Gnus |
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224 stores the secret cancel lock password (which is generated |
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225 automatically the first time you use this feature)), you won't be |
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226 able to cancel your message. If you want to manage a password yourself, |
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227 you can put something like the following in your @file{~/.gnus.el} file: |
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228 |
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229 @lisp |
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230 (setq canlock-password "geheimnis" |
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231 canlock-password-for-verify canlock-password) |
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232 @end lisp |
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233 |
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234 Whether to insert the header or not is controlled by the |
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235 @code{message-insert-canlock} variable. |
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236 |
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237 Not many news servers respect the @code{Cancel-Lock} header yet, but |
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238 this is expected to change in the future. |
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239 |
25829 | 240 |
241 @node Superseding | |
242 @section Superseding | |
243 | |
244 @findex message-supersede | |
245 The @code{message-supersede} command pops up a message buffer that will | |
246 supersede the message in the current buffer. | |
247 | |
248 @vindex message-ignored-supersedes-headers | |
249 Headers matching the @code{message-ignored-supersedes-headers} are | |
250 removed before popping up the new message buffer. The default is@* | |
251 @samp{^Path:\\|^Date\\|^NNTP-Posting-Host:\\|^Xref:\\|^Lines:\\|@* | |
252 ^Received:\\|^X-From-Line:\\|Return-Path:\\|^Supersedes:}. | |
253 | |
254 | |
255 | |
256 @node Forwarding | |
257 @section Forwarding | |
258 | |
259 @findex message-forward | |
260 The @code{message-forward} command pops up a message buffer to forward | |
261 the message in the current buffer. If given a prefix, forward using | |
262 news. | |
263 | |
264 @table @code | |
31852 | 265 @item message-forward-ignored-headers |
266 @vindex message-forward-ignored-headers | |
267 All headers that match this regexp will be deleted when forwarding a message. | |
25829 | 268 |
269 @item message-make-forward-subject-function | |
270 @vindex message-make-forward-subject-function | |
271 A list of functions that are called to generate a subject header for | |
272 forwarded messages. The subject generated by the previous function is | |
273 passed into each successive function. | |
274 | |
275 The provided functions are: | |
276 | |
277 @table @code | |
278 @item message-forward-subject-author-subject | |
279 @findex message-forward-subject-author-subject | |
280 Source of article (author or newsgroup), in brackets followed by the | |
281 subject. | |
282 | |
283 @item message-forward-subject-fwd | |
284 Subject of article with @samp{Fwd:} prepended to it. | |
285 @end table | |
286 | |
287 @item message-wash-forwarded-subjects | |
288 @vindex message-wash-forwarded-subjects | |
289 If this variable is @code{t}, the subjects of forwarded messages have | |
31852 | 290 the evidence of previous forwards (such as @samp{Fwd:}, @samp{Re:}, |
25829 | 291 @samp{(fwd)}) removed before the new subject is |
292 constructed. The default value is @code{nil}. | |
293 | |
31852 | 294 @item message-forward-as-mime |
295 @vindex message-forward-as-mime | |
296 If this variable is @code{t} (the default), forwarded messages are | |
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297 included as inline @acronym{MIME} RFC822 parts. If it's @code{nil}, forwarded |
31852 | 298 messages will just be copied inline to the new message, like previous, |
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299 non @acronym{MIME}-savvy versions of Gnus would do. |
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300 |
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301 @item message-forward-before-signature |
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302 @vindex message-forward-before-signature |
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303 If non-@code{nil}, put forwarded message before signature, else after. |
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304 |
25829 | 305 @end table |
306 | |
307 | |
308 @node Resending | |
309 @section Resending | |
310 | |
311 @findex message-resend | |
312 The @code{message-resend} command will prompt the user for an address | |
313 and resend the message in the current buffer to that address. | |
314 | |
315 @vindex message-ignored-resent-headers | |
316 Headers that match the @code{message-ignored-resent-headers} regexp will | |
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317 be removed before sending the message. |
25829 | 318 |
319 | |
320 @node Bouncing | |
321 @section Bouncing | |
322 | |
323 @findex message-bounce | |
324 The @code{message-bounce} command will, if the current buffer contains a | |
325 bounced mail message, pop up a message buffer stripped of the bounce | |
326 information. A @dfn{bounced message} is typically a mail you've sent | |
327 out that has been returned by some @code{mailer-daemon} as | |
31852 | 328 undeliverable. |
25829 | 329 |
330 @vindex message-ignored-bounced-headers | |
331 Headers that match the @code{message-ignored-bounced-headers} regexp | |
332 will be removed before popping up the buffer. The default is | |
333 @samp{^\\(Received\\|Return-Path\\):}. | |
334 | |
335 | |
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336 @node Mailing Lists |
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337 @section Mailing Lists |
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338 |
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339 @cindex Mail-Followup-To |
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340 Sometimes while posting to mailing lists, the poster needs to direct |
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341 followups to the post to specific places. The Mail-Followup-To (MFT) |
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342 was created to enable just this. Two example scenarios where this is |
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343 useful: |
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344 |
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345 @itemize @bullet |
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346 @item |
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347 A mailing list poster can use MFT to express that responses should be |
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348 sent to just the list, and not the poster as well. This will happen |
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349 if the poster is already subscribed to the list. |
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350 |
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351 @item |
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352 A mailing list poster can use MFT to express that responses should be |
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353 sent to the list and the poster as well. This will happen if the poster |
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354 is not subscribed to the list. |
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355 |
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356 @item |
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357 If a message is posted to several mailing lists, MFT may also be used |
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358 to direct the following discussion to one list only, because |
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359 discussions that are spread over several lists tend to be fragmented |
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360 and very difficult to follow. |
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361 |
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362 @end itemize |
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363 |
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364 Gnus honors the MFT header in other's messages (i.e. while following |
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365 up to someone else's post) and also provides support for generating |
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366 sensible MFT headers for outgoing messages as well. |
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367 |
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368 @c @menu |
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369 @c * Honoring an MFT post:: What to do when one already exists |
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370 @c * Composing with a MFT header:: Creating one from scratch. |
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371 @c @end menu |
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372 |
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373 @c @node Composing with a MFT header |
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374 @subsection Composing a correct MFT header automagically |
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375 |
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376 The first step in getting Gnus to automagically generate a MFT header |
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377 in posts you make is to give Gnus a list of the mailing lists |
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378 addresses you are subscribed to. You can do this in more than one |
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379 way. The following variables would come in handy. |
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380 |
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381 @table @code |
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382 |
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383 @vindex message-subscribed-addresses |
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384 @item message-subscribed-addresses |
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385 This should be a list of addresses the user is subscribed to. Its |
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386 default value is @code{nil}. Example: |
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387 @lisp |
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388 (setq message-subscribed-addresses |
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389 '("ding@@gnus.org" "bing@@noose.org")) |
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390 @end lisp |
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391 |
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392 @vindex message-subscribed-regexps |
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393 @item message-subscribed-regexps |
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394 This should be a list of regexps denoting the addresses of mailing |
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395 lists subscribed to. Default value is @code{nil}. Example: If you |
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396 want to achieve the same result as above: |
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397 @lisp |
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398 (setq message-subscribed-regexps |
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399 '("\\(ding@@gnus\\)\\|\\(bing@@noose\\)\\.org") |
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400 @end lisp |
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401 |
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402 @vindex message-subscribed-address-functions |
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403 @item message-subscribed-address-functions |
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404 This can be a list of functions to be called (one at a time!!) to |
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405 determine the value of MFT headers. It is advisable that these |
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406 functions not take any arguments. Default value is @code{nil}. |
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407 |
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408 There is a pre-defined function in Gnus that is a good candidate for |
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409 this variable. @code{gnus-find-subscribed-addresses} is a function |
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410 that returns a list of addresses corresponding to the groups that have |
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411 the @code{subscribed} (@pxref{Group Parameters, ,Group Parameters, |
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412 gnus, The Gnus Manual}) group parameter set to a non-@code{nil} value. |
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413 This is how you would do it. |
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414 |
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415 @lisp |
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416 (setq message-subscribed-address-functions |
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417 '(gnus-find-subscribed-addresses)) |
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418 @end lisp |
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419 |
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420 @vindex message-subscribed-address-file |
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421 @item message-subscribed-address-file |
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422 You might be one organised human freak and have a list of addresses of |
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423 all subscribed mailing lists in a separate file! Then you can just |
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424 set this variable to the name of the file and life would be good. |
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425 |
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426 @end table |
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427 |
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428 You can use one or more of the above variables. All their values are |
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429 ``added'' in some way that works :-) |
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430 |
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431 Now you are all set. Just start composing a message as you normally do. |
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432 And just send it; as always. Just before the message is sent out, Gnus' |
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433 MFT generation thingy kicks in and checks if the message already has a |
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434 MFT field. If there is one, it is left alone. (Except if it's empty - |
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435 in that case, the field is removed and is not replaced with an |
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436 automatically generated one. This lets you disable MFT generation on a |
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437 per-message basis.) If there is none, then the list of recipient |
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438 addresses (in the To: and Cc: headers) is checked to see if one of them |
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439 is a list address you are subscribed to. If none of them is a list |
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440 address, then no MFT is generated; otherwise, a MFT is added to the |
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441 other headers and set to the value of all addresses in To: and Cc: |
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442 |
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443 @kindex C-c C-f C-a |
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444 @findex message-generate-unsubscribed-mail-followup-to |
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445 @kindex C-c C-f C-m |
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446 @findex message-goto-mail-followup-to |
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447 Hm. ``So'', you ask, ``what if I send an email to a list I am not |
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448 subscribed to? I want my MFT to say that I want an extra copy.'' (This |
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449 is supposed to be interpreted by others the same way as if there were no |
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450 MFT, but you can use an explicit MFT to override someone else's |
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451 to-address group parameter.) The function |
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452 @code{message-generate-unsubscribed-mail-followup-to} might come in |
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453 handy. It is bound to @kbd{C-c C-f C-a} by default. In any case, you |
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454 can insert a MFT of your own choice; @kbd{C-c C-f C-m} |
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455 (@code{message-goto-mail-followup-to}) will help you get started. |
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456 |
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457 @c @node Honoring an MFT post |
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458 @subsection Honoring an MFT post |
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459 |
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460 @vindex message-use-mail-followup-to |
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461 When you followup to a post on a mailing list, and the post has a MFT |
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462 header, Gnus' action will depend on the value of the variable |
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463 @code{message-use-mail-followup-to}. This variable can be one of: |
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464 |
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465 @table @code |
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466 @item use |
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467 Always honor MFTs. The To: and Cc: headers in your followup will be |
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468 derived from the MFT header of the original post. This is the default. |
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469 |
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470 @item nil |
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471 Always dishonor MFTs (just ignore the darned thing) |
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472 |
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473 @item ask |
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474 Gnus will prompt you for an action. |
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475 |
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476 @end table |
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477 |
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478 It is considered good netiquette to honor MFT, as it is assumed the |
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479 fellow who posted a message knows where the followups need to go |
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480 better than you do. |
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481 |
25829 | 482 @node Commands |
483 @chapter Commands | |
484 | |
485 @menu | |
35614 | 486 * Buffer Entry:: Commands after entering a Message buffer. |
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487 * Header Commands:: Commands for moving headers or changing headers. |
25829 | 488 * Movement:: Moving around in message buffers. |
489 * Insertion:: Inserting things into message buffers. | |
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490 * MIME:: @acronym{MIME} considerations. |
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491 * IDNA:: Non-@acronym{ASCII} domain name considerations. |
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492 * Security:: Signing and encrypting messages. |
25829 | 493 * Various Commands:: Various things. |
494 * Sending:: Actually sending the message. | |
495 * Mail Aliases:: How to use mail aliases. | |
35614 | 496 * Spelling:: Having Emacs check your spelling. |
25829 | 497 @end menu |
498 | |
499 | |
35614 | 500 @node Buffer Entry |
501 @section Buffer Entry | |
502 @cindex undo | |
503 @kindex C-_ | |
504 | |
505 You most often end up in a Message buffer when responding to some other | |
506 message of some sort. Message does lots of handling of quoted text, and | |
507 may remove signatures, reformat the text, or the like---depending on | |
508 which used settings you're using. Message usually gets things right, | |
509 but sometimes it stumbles. To help the user unwind these stumblings, | |
510 Message sets the undo boundary before each major automatic action it | |
511 takes. If you press the undo key (usually located at @kbd{C-_}) a few | |
512 times, you will get back the un-edited message you're responding to. | |
513 | |
514 | |
25829 | 515 @node Header Commands |
516 @section Header Commands | |
517 | |
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518 @subsection Commands for moving to headers |
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519 |
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520 These following commands move to the header in question. If it doesn't |
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521 exist, it will be inserted. |
25829 | 522 |
523 @table @kbd | |
524 | |
525 @item C-c ? | |
526 @kindex C-c ? | |
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527 @findex describe-mode |
25829 | 528 Describe the message mode. |
529 | |
530 @item C-c C-f C-t | |
31852 | 531 @kindex C-c C-f C-t |
25829 | 532 @findex message-goto-to |
533 Go to the @code{To} header (@code{message-goto-to}). | |
534 | |
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535 @item C-c C-f C-o |
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536 @kindex C-c C-f C-o |
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537 @findex message-goto-from |
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538 Go to the @code{From} header (@code{message-goto-from}). (The ``o'' |
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539 in the key binding is for Originator.) |
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540 |
25829 | 541 @item C-c C-f C-b |
31852 | 542 @kindex C-c C-f C-b |
25829 | 543 @findex message-goto-bcc |
544 Go to the @code{Bcc} header (@code{message-goto-bcc}). | |
545 | |
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546 @item C-c C-f C-f |
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547 @kindex C-c C-f C-f |
25829 | 548 @findex message-goto-fcc |
549 Go to the @code{Fcc} header (@code{message-goto-fcc}). | |
550 | |
551 @item C-c C-f C-c | |
31852 | 552 @kindex C-c C-f C-c |
25829 | 553 @findex message-goto-cc |
554 Go to the @code{Cc} header (@code{message-goto-cc}). | |
555 | |
556 @item C-c C-f C-s | |
31852 | 557 @kindex C-c C-f C-s |
25829 | 558 @findex message-goto-subject |
559 Go to the @code{Subject} header (@code{message-goto-subject}). | |
560 | |
561 @item C-c C-f C-r | |
31852 | 562 @kindex C-c C-f C-r |
25829 | 563 @findex message-goto-reply-to |
564 Go to the @code{Reply-To} header (@code{message-goto-reply-to}). | |
565 | |
566 @item C-c C-f C-n | |
31852 | 567 @kindex C-c C-f C-n |
25829 | 568 @findex message-goto-newsgroups |
569 Go to the @code{Newsgroups} header (@code{message-goto-newsgroups}). | |
570 | |
571 @item C-c C-f C-d | |
31852 | 572 @kindex C-c C-f C-d |
25829 | 573 @findex message-goto-distribution |
574 Go to the @code{Distribution} header (@code{message-goto-distribution}). | |
575 | |
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576 @item C-c C-f C-o |
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577 @kindex C-c C-f C-o |
25829 | 578 @findex message-goto-followup-to |
579 Go to the @code{Followup-To} header (@code{message-goto-followup-to}). | |
580 | |
581 @item C-c C-f C-k | |
31852 | 582 @kindex C-c C-f C-k |
25829 | 583 @findex message-goto-keywords |
584 Go to the @code{Keywords} header (@code{message-goto-keywords}). | |
585 | |
586 @item C-c C-f C-u | |
31852 | 587 @kindex C-c C-f C-u |
25829 | 588 @findex message-goto-summary |
589 Go to the @code{Summary} header (@code{message-goto-summary}). | |
590 | |
56927
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591 @item C-c C-f C-i |
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592 @kindex C-c C-f C-i |
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593 @findex message-insert-or-toggle-importance |
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594 This inserts the @samp{Importance:} header with a value of |
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595 @samp{high}. This header is used to signal the importance of the |
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596 message to the receiver. If the header is already present in the |
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597 buffer, it cycles between the three valid values according to RFC |
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598 1376: @samp{low}, @samp{normal} and @samp{high}. |
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599 |
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600 @item C-c C-f C-a |
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601 @kindex C-c C-f C-a |
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602 @findex message-generate-unsubscribed-mail-followup-to |
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603 Insert a reasonable @samp{Mail-Followup-To:} header |
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604 (@pxref{Mailing Lists}) in a post to an |
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605 unsubscribed list. When making original posts to a mailing list you are |
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606 not subscribed to, you have to type in a @samp{Mail-Followup-To:} header |
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607 by hand. The contents, usually, are the addresses of the list and your |
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608 own address. This function inserts such a header automatically. It |
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609 fetches the contents of the @samp{To:} header in the current mail |
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610 buffer, and appends the current @code{user-mail-address}. |
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611 |
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612 If the optional argument @code{include-cc} is non-@code{nil}, the |
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613 addresses in the @samp{Cc:} header are also put into the |
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614 @samp{Mail-Followup-To:} header. |
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615 |
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616 @end table |
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617 |
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618 @subsection Commands to change headers |
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619 |
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620 @table @kbd |
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621 |
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622 @item C-c C-o |
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623 @kindex C-c C-o |
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624 @findex message-sort-headers |
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625 @vindex message-header-format-alist |
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626 Sort headers according to @code{message-header-format-alist} |
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627 (@code{message-sort-headers}). |
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628 |
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629 @item C-c C-t |
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630 @kindex C-c C-t |
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631 @findex message-insert-to |
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632 Insert a @code{To} header that contains the @code{Reply-To} or |
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633 @code{From} header of the message you're following up |
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634 (@code{message-insert-to}). |
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635 |
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636 @item C-c C-n |
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637 @kindex C-c C-n |
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638 @findex message-insert-newsgroups |
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639 Insert a @code{Newsgroups} header that reflects the @code{Followup-To} |
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640 or @code{Newsgroups} header of the article you're replying to |
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641 (@code{message-insert-newsgroups}). |
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642 |
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643 @item C-c C-l |
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644 @kindex C-c C-l |
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645 @findex message-to-list-only |
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646 Send a message to the list only. Remove all addresses but the list |
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647 address from @code{To:} and @code{Cc:} headers. |
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648 |
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649 @item C-c M-n |
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650 @kindex C-c M-n |
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651 @findex message-insert-disposition-notification-to |
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652 Insert a request for a disposition |
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653 notification. (@code{message-insert-disposition-notification-to}). |
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654 This means that if the recipient support RFC 2298 she might send you a |
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655 notification that she received the message. |
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656 |
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657 @item M-x message-insert-importance-high |
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658 @kindex M-x message-insert-importance-high |
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659 @findex message-insert-importance-high |
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660 @cindex Importance |
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661 Insert an @samp{Importance} header with a value of @samp{high}, |
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662 deleting headers if necessary. |
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663 |
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664 @item M-x message-insert-importance-low |
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665 @kindex M-x message-insert-importance-low |
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666 @findex message-insert-importance-low |
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667 @cindex Importance |
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668 Insert an @samp{Importance} header with a value of @samp{low}, deleting |
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669 headers if necessary. |
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670 |
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671 @item C-c C-f s |
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672 @kindex C-c C-f s |
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673 @findex message-change-subject |
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674 @cindex Subject |
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675 Change the current @samp{Subject} header. Ask for new @samp{Subject} |
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676 header and append @samp{(was: <Old Subject>)}. The old subject can be |
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677 stripped on replying, see @code{message-subject-trailing-was-query} |
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678 (@pxref{Message Headers}). |
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679 |
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680 @item C-c C-f x |
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681 @kindex C-c C-f x |
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682 @findex message-cross-post-followup-to |
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683 @vindex message-cross-post-default |
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684 @cindex X-Post |
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685 @cindex cross-post |
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686 Ask for an additional @samp{Newsgroups} and @samp{FollowUp-To} for a |
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687 cross-post. @code{message-cross-post-followup-to} mangles |
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688 @samp{FollowUp-To} and @samp{Newsgroups} header to point to group. |
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689 If @code{message-cross-post-default} is @code{nil} or if called with a |
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690 prefix-argument @samp{Follow-Up} is set, but the message is not |
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691 cross-posted. |
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692 |
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693 @item C-c C-f t |
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694 @kindex C-c C-f t |
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695 @findex message-reduce-to-to-cc |
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696 Replace contents of @samp{To} header with contents of @samp{Cc} or |
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697 @samp{Bcc} header. |
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698 |
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699 @item C-c C-f w |
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700 @kindex C-c C-f w |
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701 @findex message-insert-wide-reply |
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702 Insert @samp{To} and @samp{Cc} headers as if you were doing a wide |
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703 reply. |
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704 |
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705 @item C-c C-f a |
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706 @kindex C-c C-f a |
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707 @findex message-add-archive-header |
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708 @vindex message-archive-header |
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709 @vindex message-archive-note |
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710 @cindex X-No-Archive |
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711 Insert @samp{X-No-Archive: Yes} in the header and a note in the body. |
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712 The header and the note can be customized using |
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713 @code{message-archive-header} and @code{message-archive-note}. When |
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714 called with a prefix argument, ask for a text to insert. If you don't |
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715 want the note in the body, set @code{message-archive-note} to |
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716 @code{nil}. |
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717 |
25829 | 718 @end table |
719 | |
720 | |
721 @node Movement | |
722 @section Movement | |
723 | |
724 @table @kbd | |
725 @item C-c C-b | |
31852 | 726 @kindex C-c C-b |
25829 | 727 @findex message-goto-body |
728 Move to the beginning of the body of the message | |
31852 | 729 (@code{message-goto-body}). |
25829 | 730 |
731 @item C-c C-i | |
31852 | 732 @kindex C-c C-i |
25829 | 733 @findex message-goto-signature |
734 Move to the signature of the message (@code{message-goto-signature}). | |
735 | |
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736 @item C-a |
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737 @kindex C-a |
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738 @findex message-beginning-of-line |
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739 @vindex message-beginning-of-line |
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740 If at beginning of header value, go to beginning of line, else go to |
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741 beginning of header value. (The header value comes after the header |
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742 name and the colon.) This behaviour can be disabled by toggling |
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743 the variable @code{message-beginning-of-line}. |
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744 |
25829 | 745 @end table |
746 | |
747 | |
748 @node Insertion | |
749 @section Insertion | |
750 | |
751 @table @kbd | |
752 | |
753 @item C-c C-y | |
31852 | 754 @kindex C-c C-y |
25829 | 755 @findex message-yank-original |
756 Yank the message that's being replied to into the message buffer | |
31852 | 757 (@code{message-yank-original}). |
758 | |
40705 | 759 @item C-c C-M-y |
760 @kindex C-c C-M-y | |
31852 | 761 @findex message-yank-buffer |
762 Prompt for a buffer name and yank the contents of that buffer into the | |
763 message buffer (@code{message-yank-buffer}). | |
25829 | 764 |
765 @item C-c C-q | |
31852 | 766 @kindex C-c C-q |
25829 | 767 @findex message-fill-yanked-message |
768 Fill the yanked message (@code{message-fill-yanked-message}). Warning: | |
769 Can severely mess up the yanked text if its quoting conventions are | |
770 strange. You'll quickly get a feel for when it's safe, though. Anyway, | |
771 just remember that @kbd{C-x u} (@code{undo}) is available and you'll be | |
772 all right. | |
773 | |
774 @item C-c C-w | |
31852 | 775 @kindex C-c C-w |
25829 | 776 @findex message-insert-signature |
777 Insert a signature at the end of the buffer | |
31852 | 778 (@code{message-insert-signature}). |
779 | |
780 @item C-c M-h | |
781 @kindex C-c M-h | |
782 @findex message-insert-headers | |
783 Insert the message headers (@code{message-insert-headers}). | |
25829 | 784 |
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785 @item C-c M-m |
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786 @kindex C-c M-m |
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787 @findex message-mark-inserted-region |
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788 Mark some region in the current article with enclosing tags. |
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789 See @code{message-mark-insert-begin} and @code{message-mark-insert-end}. |
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790 |
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791 @item C-c M-f |
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792 @kindex C-c M-f |
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793 @findex message-mark-insert-file |
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794 Insert a file in the current article with enclosing tags. |
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795 See @code{message-mark-insert-begin} and @code{message-mark-insert-end}. |
25829 | 796 |
797 @end table | |
798 | |
799 | |
31852 | 800 @node MIME |
801 @section MIME | |
802 @cindex MML | |
803 @cindex MIME | |
804 @cindex multipart | |
805 @cindex attachment | |
806 | |
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807 Message is a @acronym{MIME}-compliant posting agent. The user generally |
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808 doesn't have to do anything to make the @acronym{MIME} happen---Message will |
31852 | 809 automatically add the @code{Content-Type} and |
810 @code{Content-Transfer-Encoding} headers. | |
811 | |
812 The most typical thing users want to use the multipart things in | |
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813 @acronym{MIME} for is to add ``attachments'' to mail they send out. This can |
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814 be done with the @kbd{C-c C-a} command, which will prompt for a file |
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815 name and a @acronym{MIME} type. |
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816 |
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817 You can also create arbitrarily complex multiparts using the @acronym{MML} |
31852 | 818 language (@pxref{Composing, , Composing, emacs-mime, The Emacs MIME |
819 Manual}). | |
820 | |
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821 @node IDNA |
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822 @section IDNA |
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823 @cindex IDNA |
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824 @cindex internationalized domain names |
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825 @cindex non-ascii domain names |
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826 |
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827 Message is a @acronym{IDNA}-compliant posting agent. The user |
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828 generally doesn't have to do anything to make the @acronym{IDNA} |
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829 happen---Message will encode non-@acronym{ASCII} domain names in @code{From}, |
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830 @code{To}, and @code{Cc} headers automatically. |
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831 |
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832 Until @acronym{IDNA} becomes more well known, Message queries you |
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833 whether @acronym{IDNA} encoding of the domain name really should |
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834 occur. Some users might not be aware that domain names can contain |
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835 non-@acronym{ASCII} now, so this gives them a safety net if they accidently |
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836 typed a non-@acronym{ASCII} domain name. |
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837 |
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838 @vindex message-use-idna |
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839 The @code{message-use-idna} variable control whether @acronym{IDNA} is |
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840 used. If the variable is @code{nil} no @acronym{IDNA} encoding will |
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841 ever happen, if it is set to the symbol @code{ask} the user will be |
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842 queried (the default), and if set to @code{t} @acronym{IDNA} encoding |
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843 happens automatically. |
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844 |
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845 @findex message-idna-to-ascii-rhs |
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846 If you want to experiment with the @acronym{IDNA} encoding, you can |
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847 invoke @kbd{M-x message-idna-to-ascii-rhs RET} in the message buffer |
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848 to have the non-@acronym{ASCII} domain names encoded while you edit the message. |
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849 |
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850 Note that you must have @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/libidn/, GNU |
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851 Libidn} installed in order to use this functionality. |
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852 |
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853 @node Security |
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854 @section Security |
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855 @cindex Security |
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856 @cindex S/MIME |
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857 @cindex PGP |
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858 @cindex PGP/MIME |
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859 @cindex sign |
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860 @cindex encrypt |
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861 @cindex secure |
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862 |
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863 Using the @acronym{MML} language, Message is able to create digitally |
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864 signed and digitally encrypted messages. Message (or rather |
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865 @acronym{MML}) currently support @acronym{PGP} (RFC 1991), |
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866 @acronym{PGP/MIME} (RFC 2015/3156) and @acronym{S/MIME}. Instructing |
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867 @acronym{MML} to perform security operations on a @acronym{MIME} part is |
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868 done using the @kbd{C-c C-m s} key map for signing and the @kbd{C-c C-m |
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869 c} key map for encryption, as follows. |
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870 |
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871 @table @kbd |
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872 |
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873 @item C-c C-m s s |
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874 @kindex C-c C-m s s |
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875 @findex mml-secure-message-sign-smime |
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876 |
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877 Digitally sign current message using @acronym{S/MIME}. |
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878 |
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879 @item C-c C-m s o |
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880 @kindex C-c C-m s o |
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881 @findex mml-secure-message-sign-pgp |
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882 |
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883 Digitally sign current message using @acronym{PGP}. |
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884 |
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885 @item C-c C-m s p |
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886 @kindex C-c C-m s p |
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887 @findex mml-secure-message-sign-pgpmime |
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888 |
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889 Digitally sign current message using @acronym{PGP/MIME}. |
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890 |
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891 @item C-c C-m c s |
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892 @kindex C-c C-m c s |
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893 @findex mml-secure-message-encrypt-smime |
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894 |
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895 Digitally encrypt current message using @acronym{S/MIME}. |
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896 |
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897 @item C-c C-m c o |
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898 @kindex C-c C-m c o |
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899 @findex mml-secure-message-encrypt-pgp |
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900 |
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901 Digitally encrypt current message using @acronym{PGP}. |
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902 |
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903 @item C-c C-m c p |
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904 @kindex C-c C-m c p |
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905 @findex mml-secure-message-encrypt-pgpmime |
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906 |
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907 Digitally encrypt current message using @acronym{PGP/MIME}. |
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908 |
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909 @item C-c C-m C-n |
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910 @kindex C-c C-m C-n |
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911 @findex mml-unsecure-message |
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912 Remove security related @acronym{MML} tags from message. |
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913 |
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914 @end table |
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915 |
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916 These commands do not immediately sign or encrypt the message, they |
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917 merely insert the proper @acronym{MML} secure tag to instruct the |
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918 @acronym{MML} engine to perform that operation when the message is |
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919 actually sent. They may perform other operations too, such as locating |
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920 and retrieving a @acronym{S/MIME} certificate of the person you wish to |
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921 send encrypted mail to. When the mml parsing engine converts your |
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922 @acronym{MML} into a properly encoded @acronym{MIME} message, the secure |
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923 tag will be replaced with either a part or a multipart tag. If your |
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924 message contains other mml parts, a multipart tag will be used; if no |
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925 other parts are present in your message a single part tag will be used. |
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926 This way, message mode will do the Right Thing (TM) with |
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927 signed/encrypted multipart messages. |
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928 |
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929 Since signing and especially encryption often is used when sensitive |
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930 information is sent, you may want to have some way to ensure that your |
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931 mail is actually signed or encrypted. After invoking the above |
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932 sign/encrypt commands, it is possible to preview the raw article by |
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933 using @kbd{C-u C-c RET P} (@code{mml-preview}). Then you can |
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934 verify that your long rant about what your ex-significant other or |
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935 whomever actually did with that funny looking person at that strange |
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936 party the other night, actually will be sent encrypted. |
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937 |
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938 @emph{Note!} Neither @acronym{PGP/MIME} nor @acronym{S/MIME} encrypt/signs |
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939 RFC822 headers. They only operate on the @acronym{MIME} object. Keep this |
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940 in mind before sending mail with a sensitive Subject line. |
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941 |
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942 By default, when encrypting a message, Gnus will use the |
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943 ``signencrypt'' mode, which means the message is both signed and |
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944 encrypted. If you would like to disable this for a particular |
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945 message, give the @code{mml-secure-message-encrypt-*} command a prefix |
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946 argument, e.g., @kbd{C-u C-c C-m c p}. |
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947 |
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948 Actually using the security commands above is not very difficult. At |
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949 least not compared with making sure all involved programs talk with each |
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950 other properly. Thus, we now describe what external libraries or |
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951 programs are required to make things work, and some small general hints. |
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952 |
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953 @subsection Using S/MIME |
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954 |
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955 @emph{Note!} This section assume you have a basic familiarity with |
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956 modern cryptography, @acronym{S/MIME}, various PKCS standards, OpenSSL and |
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957 so on. |
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958 |
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959 The @acronym{S/MIME} support in Message (and @acronym{MML}) require |
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960 OpenSSL. OpenSSL performs the actual @acronym{S/MIME} sign/encrypt |
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961 operations. OpenSSL can be found at @uref{http://www.openssl.org/}. |
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962 OpenSSL 0.9.6 and later should work. Version 0.9.5a cannot extract mail |
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963 addresses from certificates, and it insert a spurious CR character into |
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964 @acronym{MIME} separators so you may wish to avoid it if you would like |
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965 to avoid being regarded as someone who send strange mail. (Although by |
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966 sending @acronym{S/MIME} messages you've probably already lost that |
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967 contest.) |
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968 |
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969 To be able to send encrypted mail, a personal certificate is not |
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970 required. Message (@acronym{MML}) need a certificate for the person to whom you |
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971 wish to communicate with though. You're asked for this when you type |
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972 @kbd{C-c C-m c s}. Currently there are two ways to retrieve this |
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973 certificate, from a local file or from DNS. If you chose a local |
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974 file, it need to contain a X.509 certificate in @acronym{PEM} format. |
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975 If you chose DNS, you're asked for the domain name where the |
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976 certificate is stored, the default is a good guess. To my belief, |
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977 Message (@acronym{MML}) is the first mail agent in the world to support |
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978 retrieving @acronym{S/MIME} certificates from DNS, so you're not |
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979 likely to find very many certificates out there. At least there |
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980 should be one, stored at the domain @code{simon.josefsson.org}. LDAP |
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981 is a more popular method of distributing certificates, support for it |
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982 is planned. (Meanwhile, you can use @code{ldapsearch} from the |
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983 command line to retrieve a certificate into a file and use it.) |
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984 |
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985 As for signing messages, OpenSSL can't perform signing operations |
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986 without some kind of configuration. Especially, you need to tell it |
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987 where your private key and your certificate is stored. @acronym{MML} |
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988 uses an Emacs interface to OpenSSL, aptly named @code{smime.el}, and it |
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989 contain a @code{custom} group used for this configuration. So, try |
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990 @kbd{M-x customize-group RET smime RET} and look around. |
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991 |
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992 Currently there is no support for talking to a CA (or RA) to create |
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993 your own certificate. None is planned either. You need to do this |
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994 manually with OpenSSL or using some other program. I used Netscape |
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995 and got a free @acronym{S/MIME} certificate from one of the big CA's on the |
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996 net. Netscape is able to export your private key and certificate in |
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997 PKCS #12 format. Use OpenSSL to convert this into a plain X.509 |
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998 certificate in PEM format as follows. |
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999 |
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1000 @example |
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1001 $ openssl pkcs12 -in ns.p12 -clcerts -nodes > key+cert.pem |
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1002 @end example |
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1003 |
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1004 The @file{key+cert.pem} file should be pointed to from the |
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1005 @code{smime-keys} variable. You should now be able to send signed mail. |
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1006 |
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1007 @emph{Note!} Your private key is now stored unencrypted in the file, |
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1008 so take care in handling it. Storing encrypted keys on the disk are |
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1009 supported, and Gnus will ask you for a passphrase before invoking |
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1010 OpenSSL. Read the OpenSSL documentation for how to achieve this. If |
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1011 you use unencrypted keys (e.g., if they are on a secure storage, or if |
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1012 you are on a secure single user machine) simply press @code{RET} at |
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1013 the passphrase prompt. |
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1014 |
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1015 @subsection Using PGP/MIME |
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1016 |
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1017 @acronym{PGP/MIME} requires an external OpenPGP implementation, such |
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1018 as @uref{http://www.gnupg.org/, GNU Privacy Guard}. Pre-OpenPGP |
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1019 implementations such as PGP 2.x and PGP 5.x are also supported. One |
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1020 Emacs interface to the PGP implementations, PGG (@pxref{Top, ,PGG, |
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1021 pgg, PGG Manual}), is included, but Mailcrypt and Florian Weimer's |
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1022 @code{gpg.el} are also supported. |
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1023 |
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1024 @vindex gpg-temp-directory |
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1025 Note, if you are using the @code{gpg.el} you must make sure that the |
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1026 directory specified by @code{gpg-temp-directory} have permissions |
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1027 0700. |
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1028 |
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1029 Creating your own key is described in detail in the documentation of |
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1030 your PGP implementation, so we refer to it. |
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1031 |
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1032 If you have imported your old PGP 2.x key into GnuPG, and want to send |
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1033 signed and encrypted messages to your fellow PGP 2.x users, you'll |
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1034 discover that the receiver cannot understand what you send. One |
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1035 solution is to use PGP 2.x instead (i.e., if you use @code{pgg}, set |
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1036 @code{pgg-default-scheme} to @code{pgp}). If you do want to use |
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1037 GnuPG, you can use a compatibility script called @code{gpg-2comp} |
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1038 available from |
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1039 @uref{http://muppet.faveve.uni-stuttgart.de/~gero/gpg-2comp/}. You |
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1040 could also convince your fellow PGP 2.x users to convert to GnuPG. |
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1041 @vindex mml-signencrypt-style-alist |
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1042 As a final workaround, you can make the sign and encryption work in |
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1043 two steps; separately sign, then encrypt a message. If you would like |
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1044 to change this behavior you can customize the |
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1045 @code{mml-signencrypt-style-alist} variable. For example: |
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1046 |
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1047 @lisp |
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1048 (setq mml-signencrypt-style-alist '(("smime" separate) |
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1049 ("pgp" separate) |
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1050 ("pgpauto" separate) |
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1051 ("pgpmime" separate))) |
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1052 @end lisp |
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1053 |
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1054 This causes to sign and encrypt in two passes, thus generating a |
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1055 message that can be understood by PGP version 2. |
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1056 |
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1057 (Refer to @uref{http://www.gnupg.org/gph/en/pgp2x.html} for more |
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1058 information about the problem.) |
25829 | 1059 |
1060 @node Various Commands | |
1061 @section Various Commands | |
1062 | |
1063 @table @kbd | |
1064 | |
1065 @item C-c C-r | |
31852 | 1066 @kindex C-c C-r |
25829 | 1067 @findex message-caesar-buffer-body |
1068 Caesar rotate (aka. rot13) the current message | |
1069 (@code{message-caesar-buffer-body}). If narrowing is in effect, just | |
1070 rotate the visible portion of the buffer. A numerical prefix says how | |
1071 many places to rotate the text. The default is 13. | |
1072 | |
1073 @item C-c C-e | |
1074 @kindex C-c C-e | |
1075 @findex message-elide-region | |
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1076 @vindex message-elide-ellipsis |
25829 | 1077 Elide the text between point and mark (@code{message-elide-region}). |
31852 | 1078 The text is killed and replaced with the contents of the variable |
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1079 @code{message-elide-ellipsis}. The default value is to use an ellipsis |
31852 | 1080 (@samp{[...]}). |
25829 | 1081 |
1082 @item C-c C-z | |
1083 @kindex C-c C-x | |
1084 @findex message-kill-to-signature | |
1085 Kill all the text up to the signature, or if that's missing, up to the | |
1086 end of the message (@code{message-kill-to-signature}). | |
1087 | |
1088 @item C-c C-v | |
1089 @kindex C-c C-v | |
1090 @findex message-delete-not-region | |
1091 Delete all text in the body of the message that is outside the region | |
1092 (@code{message-delete-not-region}). | |
1093 | |
1094 @item M-RET | |
1095 @kindex M-RET | |
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1096 @findex message-newline-and-reformat |
25829 | 1097 Insert four newlines, and then reformat if inside quoted text. |
1098 | |
1099 Here's an example: | |
1100 | |
1101 @example | |
1102 > This is some quoted text. And here's more quoted text. | |
1103 @end example | |
1104 | |
1105 If point is before @samp{And} and you press @kbd{M-RET}, you'll get: | |
1106 | |
1107 @example | |
1108 > This is some quoted text. | |
1109 | |
1110 * | |
1111 | |
1112 > And here's more quoted text. | |
1113 @end example | |
1114 | |
31852 | 1115 @samp{*} says where point will be placed. |
25829 | 1116 |
1117 @item C-c M-r | |
1118 @kindex C-c M-r | |
1119 @findex message-rename-buffer | |
1120 Rename the buffer (@code{message-rename-buffer}). If given a prefix, | |
1121 prompt for a new buffer name. | |
1122 | |
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1123 @item TAB |
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1124 @kindex TAB |
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1125 @findex message-tab |
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1126 @vindex message-tab-body-function |
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1127 If non-@code{nil} execute the function specified in |
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1128 @code{message-tab-body-function}. Otherwise use the function bound to |
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1129 @kbd{TAB} in @code{text-mode-map} or @code{global-map}. |
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1130 |
25829 | 1131 @end table |
1132 | |
1133 | |
1134 @node Sending | |
1135 @section Sending | |
1136 | |
1137 @table @kbd | |
1138 @item C-c C-c | |
31852 | 1139 @kindex C-c C-c |
25829 | 1140 @findex message-send-and-exit |
1141 Send the message and bury the current buffer | |
31852 | 1142 (@code{message-send-and-exit}). |
25829 | 1143 |
1144 @item C-c C-s | |
31852 | 1145 @kindex C-c C-s |
25829 | 1146 @findex message-send |
31852 | 1147 Send the message (@code{message-send}). |
25829 | 1148 |
1149 @item C-c C-d | |
1150 @kindex C-c C-d | |
1151 @findex message-dont-send | |
1152 Bury the message buffer and exit (@code{message-dont-send}). | |
1153 | |
1154 @item C-c C-k | |
1155 @kindex C-c C-k | |
1156 @findex message-kill-buffer | |
1157 Kill the message buffer and exit (@code{message-kill-buffer}). | |
1158 | |
1159 @end table | |
1160 | |
1161 | |
1162 | |
1163 @node Mail Aliases | |
1164 @section Mail Aliases | |
1165 @cindex mail aliases | |
1166 @cindex aliases | |
1167 | |
1168 @vindex message-mail-alias-type | |
1169 The @code{message-mail-alias-type} variable controls what type of mail | |
1170 alias expansion to use. Currently only one form is supported---Message | |
1171 uses @code{mailabbrev} to handle mail aliases. If this variable is | |
1172 @code{nil}, no mail alias expansion will be performed. | |
1173 | |
1174 @code{mailabbrev} works by parsing the @file{/etc/mailrc} and | |
1175 @file{~/.mailrc} files. These files look like: | |
1176 | |
1177 @example | |
1178 alias lmi "Lars Magne Ingebrigtsen <larsi@@ifi.uio.no>" | |
1179 alias ding "ding@@ifi.uio.no (ding mailing list)" | |
1180 @end example | |
1181 | |
1182 After adding lines like this to your @file{~/.mailrc} file, you should | |
1183 be able to just write @samp{lmi} in the @code{To} or @code{Cc} (and so | |
1184 on) headers and press @kbd{SPC} to expand the alias. | |
1185 | |
1186 No expansion will be performed upon sending of the message---all | |
1187 expansions have to be done explicitly. | |
1188 | |
1189 | |
35614 | 1190 @node Spelling |
1191 @section Spelling | |
1192 @cindex spelling | |
1193 @findex ispell-message | |
1194 | |
1195 There are two popular ways to have Emacs spell-check your messages: | |
1196 @code{ispell} and @code{flyspell}. @code{ispell} is the older and | |
1197 probably more popular package. You typically first write the message, | |
1198 and then run the entire thing through @code{ispell} and fix all the | |
1199 typos. To have this happen automatically when you send a message, put | |
1200 something like the following in your @file{.emacs} file: | |
1201 | |
1202 @lisp | |
1203 (add-hook 'message-send-hook 'ispell-message) | |
1204 @end lisp | |
1205 | |
1206 @vindex ispell-message-dictionary-alist | |
1207 If you're in the habit of writing in different languages, this can be | |
1208 controlled by the @code{ispell-message-dictionary-alist} variable: | |
1209 | |
1210 @lisp | |
1211 (setq ispell-message-dictionary-alist | |
1212 '(("^Newsgroups:.*\\bde\\." . "deutsch8") | |
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1213 (".*" . "default"))) |
35614 | 1214 @end lisp |
1215 | |
1216 @code{ispell} depends on having the external @samp{ispell} command | |
1217 installed. | |
1218 | |
1219 The other popular method is using @code{flyspell}. This package checks | |
1220 your spelling while you're writing, and marks any mis-spelled words in | |
1221 various ways. | |
1222 | |
1223 To use @code{flyspell}, put something like the following in your | |
1224 @file{.emacs} file: | |
1225 | |
1226 @lisp | |
1227 (defun my-message-setup-routine () | |
1228 (flyspell-mode 1)) | |
1229 (add-hook 'message-setup-hook 'my-message-setup-routine) | |
1230 @end lisp | |
1231 | |
1232 @code{flyspell} depends on having the external @samp{ispell} command | |
1233 installed. | |
1234 | |
25829 | 1235 |
1236 @node Variables | |
1237 @chapter Variables | |
1238 | |
1239 @menu | |
1240 * Message Headers:: General message header stuff. | |
1241 * Mail Headers:: Customizing mail headers. | |
1242 * Mail Variables:: Other mail variables. | |
1243 * News Headers:: Customizing news headers. | |
1244 * News Variables:: Other news variables. | |
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1245 * Insertion Variables:: Customizing how things are inserted. |
25829 | 1246 * Various Message Variables:: Other message variables. |
1247 * Sending Variables:: Variables for sending. | |
1248 * Message Buffers:: How Message names its buffers. | |
1249 * Message Actions:: Actions to be performed when exiting. | |
1250 @end menu | |
1251 | |
1252 | |
1253 @node Message Headers | |
1254 @section Message Headers | |
1255 | |
1256 Message is quite aggressive on the message generation front. It has to | |
1257 be -- it's a combined news and mail agent. To be able to send combined | |
1258 messages, it has to generate all headers itself (instead of letting the | |
1259 mail/news system do it) to ensure that mail and news copies of messages | |
1260 look sufficiently similar. | |
1261 | |
1262 @table @code | |
1263 | |
1264 @item message-generate-headers-first | |
1265 @vindex message-generate-headers-first | |
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1266 If @code{t}, generate all required headers before starting to |
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1267 compose the message. This can also be a list of headers to generate: |
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1268 |
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1269 @lisp |
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1270 (setq message-generate-headers-first |
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1271 '(References)) |
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1272 @end lisp |
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1273 |
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1274 @vindex message-required-headers |
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1275 The variables @code{message-required-headers}, |
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1276 @code{message-required-mail-headers} and |
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1277 @code{message-required-news-headers} specify which headers are |
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1278 required. |
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1279 |
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1280 Note that some headers will be removed and re-generated before posting, |
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1281 because of the variable @code{message-deletable-headers} (see below). |
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1282 |
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1283 @item message-draft-headers |
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1284 @vindex message-draft-headers |
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1285 When running Message from Gnus, the message buffers are associated |
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1286 with a draft group. @code{message-draft-headers} says which headers |
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1287 should be generated when a draft is written to the draft group. |
25829 | 1288 |
1289 @item message-from-style | |
1290 @vindex message-from-style | |
1291 Specifies how @code{From} headers should look. There are four valid | |
1292 values: | |
1293 | |
1294 @table @code | |
1295 @item nil | |
1296 Just the address -- @samp{king@@grassland.com}. | |
1297 | |
1298 @item parens | |
1299 @samp{king@@grassland.com (Elvis Parsley)}. | |
1300 | |
1301 @item angles | |
1302 @samp{Elvis Parsley <king@@grassland.com>}. | |
1303 | |
1304 @item default | |
1305 Look like @code{angles} if that doesn't require quoting, and | |
1306 @code{parens} if it does. If even @code{parens} requires quoting, use | |
1307 @code{angles} anyway. | |
1308 | |
1309 @end table | |
1310 | |
1311 @item message-deletable-headers | |
1312 @vindex message-deletable-headers | |
1313 Headers in this list that were previously generated by Message will be | |
1314 deleted before posting. Let's say you post an article. Then you decide | |
1315 to post it again to some other group, you naughty boy, so you jump back | |
1316 to the @code{*post-buf*} buffer, edit the @code{Newsgroups} line, and | |
1317 ship it off again. By default, this variable makes sure that the old | |
1318 generated @code{Message-ID} is deleted, and a new one generated. If | |
1319 this isn't done, the entire empire would probably crumble, anarchy would | |
1320 prevail, and cats would start walking on two legs and rule the world. | |
31852 | 1321 Allegedly. |
25829 | 1322 |
1323 @item message-default-headers | |
1324 @vindex message-default-headers | |
1325 This string is inserted at the end of the headers in all message | |
1326 buffers. | |
1327 | |
1328 @item message-subject-re-regexp | |
1329 @vindex message-subject-re-regexp | |
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1330 @cindex Aw |
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1331 @cindex Sv |
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1332 @cindex Re |
25829 | 1333 Responses to messages have subjects that start with @samp{Re: }. This |
35614 | 1334 is @emph{not} an abbreviation of the English word ``response'', but is |
25829 | 1335 Latin, and means ``in response to''. Some illiterate nincompoops have |
1336 failed to grasp this fact, and have ``internationalized'' their software | |
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1337 to use abominations like @samp{Aw: } (``antwort'') or @samp{Sv: } |
25829 | 1338 (``svar'') instead, which is meaningless and evil. However, you may |
1339 have to deal with users that use these evil tools, in which case you may | |
1340 set this variable to a regexp that matches these prefixes. Myself, I | |
1341 just throw away non-compliant mail. | |
1342 | |
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1343 Here's an example of a value to deal with these headers when |
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1344 responding to a message: |
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1345 |
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1346 @lisp |
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1347 (setq message-subject-re-regexp |
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1348 (concat |
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1349 "^[ \t]*" |
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1350 "\\(" |
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1351 "\\(" |
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1352 "[Aa][Nn][Tt][Ww]\\.?\\|" ; antw |
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1353 "[Aa][Ww]\\|" ; aw |
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1354 "[Ff][Ww][Dd]?\\|" ; fwd |
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1355 "[Oo][Dd][Pp]\\|" ; odp |
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1356 "[Rr][Ee]\\|" ; re |
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1357 "[Rr][\311\351][Ff]\\.?\\|" ; ref |
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1358 "[Ss][Vv]" ; sv |
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1359 "\\)" |
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1360 "\\(\\[[0-9]*\\]\\)" |
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1361 "*:[ \t]*" |
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1362 "\\)" |
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1363 "*[ \t]*" |
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1364 )) |
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1365 @end lisp |
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1366 |
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1367 @item message-subject-trailing-was-query |
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1368 @vindex message-subject-trailing-was-query |
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1369 @vindex message-subject-trailing-was-ask-regexp |
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1370 @vindex message-subject-trailing-was-regexp |
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1371 Controls what to do with trailing @samp{(was: <old subject>)} in subject |
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1372 lines. If @code{nil}, leave the subject unchanged. If it is the symbol |
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1373 @code{ask}, query the user what do do. In this case, the subject is |
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1374 matched against @code{message-subject-trailing-was-ask-regexp}. If |
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1375 @code{message-subject-trailing-was-query} is t, always strip the |
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1376 trailing old subject. In this case, |
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1377 @code{message-subject-trailing-was-regexp} is used. |
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1378 |
32314 | 1379 @item message-alternative-emails |
1380 @vindex message-alternative-emails | |
1381 A regexp to match the alternative email addresses. The first matched | |
1382 address (not primary one) is used in the @code{From} field. | |
1383 | |
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1384 @item message-allow-no-recipients |
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1385 @vindex message-allow-no-recipients |
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1386 Specifies what to do when there are no recipients other than |
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1387 @code{Gcc} or @code{Fcc}. If it is @code{always}, the posting is |
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1388 allowed. If it is @code{never}, the posting is not allowed. If it is |
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1389 @code{ask} (the default), you are prompted. |
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1390 |
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1391 @item message-hidden-headers |
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1392 @vindex message-hidden-headers |
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1393 A regexp, a list of regexps, or a list where the first element is |
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1394 @code{not} and the rest are regexps. It says which headers to keep |
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1395 hidden when composing a message. |
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1396 |
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1397 @lisp |
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1398 (setq message-hidden-headers |
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1399 '(not "From" "Subject" "To" "Cc" "Newsgroups")) |
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1400 @end lisp |
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1401 |
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1402 @item message-header-synonyms |
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1403 @vindex message-header-synonyms |
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1404 A list of lists of header synonyms. E.g., if this list contains a |
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1405 member list with elements @code{Cc} and @code{To}, then |
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1406 @code{message-carefully-insert-headers} will not insert a @code{To} |
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1407 header when the message is already @code{Cc}ed to the recipient. |
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1408 |
25829 | 1409 @end table |
1410 | |
1411 | |
1412 @node Mail Headers | |
1413 @section Mail Headers | |
1414 | |
1415 @table @code | |
1416 @item message-required-mail-headers | |
1417 @vindex message-required-mail-headers | |
1418 @xref{News Headers}, for the syntax of this variable. It is | |
1419 @code{(From Date Subject (optional . In-Reply-To) Message-ID Lines | |
35614 | 1420 (optional . User-Agent))} by default. |
25829 | 1421 |
1422 @item message-ignored-mail-headers | |
1423 @vindex message-ignored-mail-headers | |
1424 Regexp of headers to be removed before mailing. The default is | |
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1425 @samp{^[GF]cc:\\|^Resent-Fcc:\\|^Xref:\\|^X-Draft-From:}. |
25829 | 1426 |
1427 @item message-default-mail-headers | |
1428 @vindex message-default-mail-headers | |
1429 This string is inserted at the end of the headers in all message | |
1430 buffers that are initialized as mail. | |
1431 | |
1432 @end table | |
1433 | |
1434 | |
1435 @node Mail Variables | |
31852 | 1436 @section Mail Variables |
25829 | 1437 |
1438 @table @code | |
1439 @item message-send-mail-function | |
1440 @vindex message-send-mail-function | |
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1441 @findex message-send-mail-with-sendmail |
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1442 @findex message-send-mail-with-mh |
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1443 @findex message-send-mail-with-qmail |
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1444 @findex message-smtpmail-send-it |
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1445 @findex smtpmail-send-it |
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1446 @findex feedmail-send-it |
25829 | 1447 Function used to send the current buffer as mail. The default is |
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1448 @code{message-send-mail-with-sendmail}. Other valid values include |
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1449 @code{message-send-mail-with-mh}, @code{message-send-mail-with-qmail}, |
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1450 @code{message-smtpmail-send-it}, @code{smtpmail-send-it} and |
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1451 @code{feedmail-send-it}. |
25829 | 1452 |
1453 @item message-mh-deletable-headers | |
1454 @vindex message-mh-deletable-headers | |
1455 Most versions of MH doesn't like being fed messages that contain the | |
1456 headers in this variable. If this variable is non-@code{nil} (which is | |
1457 the default), these headers will be removed before mailing when sending | |
1458 messages via MH. Set it to @code{nil} if your MH can handle these | |
1459 headers. | |
1460 | |
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1461 @item message-qmail-inject-program |
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1462 @vindex message-qmail-inject-program |
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1463 @cindex qmail |
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1464 Location of the qmail-inject program. |
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1465 |
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1466 @item message-qmail-inject-args |
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1467 @vindex message-qmail-inject-args |
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1468 Arguments passed to qmail-inject programs. |
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1469 This should be a list of strings, one string for each argument. It |
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1470 may also be a function. |
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1471 |
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1472 For e.g., if you wish to set the envelope sender address so that bounces |
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1473 go to the right place or to deal with listserv's usage of that address, you |
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1474 might set this variable to @code{'("-f" "you@@some.where")}. |
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1475 |
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1476 @item message-sendmail-f-is-evil |
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1477 @vindex message-sendmail-f-is-evil |
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1478 @cindex sendmail |
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1479 Non-@code{nil} means don't add @samp{-f username} to the sendmail |
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1480 command line. Doing so would be even more evil than leaving it out. |
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1481 |
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1482 @item message-sendmail-envelope-from |
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1483 @vindex message-sendmail-envelope-from |
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1484 When @code{message-sendmail-f-is-evil} is @code{nil}, this specifies |
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1485 the address to use in the @acronym{SMTP} envelope. If it is |
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1486 @code{nil}, use @code{user-mail-address}. If it is the symbol |
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1487 @code{header}, use the @samp{From} header of the message. |
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1488 |
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1489 @item message-mailer-swallows-blank-line |
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1490 @vindex message-mailer-swallows-blank-line |
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1491 Set this to non-@code{nil} if the system's mailer runs the header and |
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1492 body together. (This problem exists on SunOS 4 when sendmail is run |
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1493 in remote mode.) The value should be an expression to test whether |
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1494 the problem will actually occur. |
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1495 |
35614 | 1496 @item message-send-mail-partially-limit |
1497 @vindex message-send-mail-partially-limit | |
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1498 @cindex split large message |
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1499 The limitation of messages sent as message/partial. The lower bound |
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1500 of message size in characters, beyond which the message should be sent |
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1501 in several parts. If it is @code{nil}, the size is unlimited. |
35614 | 1502 |
25829 | 1503 @end table |
1504 | |
1505 | |
1506 @node News Headers | |
1507 @section News Headers | |
1508 | |
1509 @vindex message-required-news-headers | |
1510 @code{message-required-news-headers} a list of header symbols. These | |
1511 headers will either be automatically generated, or, if that's | |
1512 impossible, they will be prompted for. The following symbols are valid: | |
1513 | |
1514 @table @code | |
1515 | |
1516 @item From | |
1517 @cindex From | |
1518 @findex user-full-name | |
1519 @findex user-mail-address | |
1520 This required header will be filled out with the result of the | |
1521 @code{message-make-from} function, which depends on the | |
1522 @code{message-from-style}, @code{user-full-name}, | |
1523 @code{user-mail-address} variables. | |
1524 | |
1525 @item Subject | |
1526 @cindex Subject | |
31852 | 1527 This required header will be prompted for if not present already. |
25829 | 1528 |
1529 @item Newsgroups | |
1530 @cindex Newsgroups | |
1531 This required header says which newsgroups the article is to be posted | |
1532 to. If it isn't present already, it will be prompted for. | |
1533 | |
1534 @item Organization | |
1535 @cindex organization | |
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1536 @vindex message-user-organization |
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1537 @vindex message-user-organization-file |
25829 | 1538 This optional header will be filled out depending on the |
1539 @code{message-user-organization} variable. | |
1540 @code{message-user-organization-file} will be used if this variable is | |
1541 @code{t}. This variable can also be a string (in which case this string | |
1542 will be used), or it can be a function (which will be called with no | |
1543 parameters and should return a string to be used). | |
1544 | |
1545 @item Lines | |
1546 @cindex Lines | |
1547 This optional header will be computed by Message. | |
1548 | |
1549 @item Message-ID | |
1550 @cindex Message-ID | |
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1551 @vindex message-user-fqdn |
25829 | 1552 @vindex mail-host-address |
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1553 @vindex user-mail-address |
25829 | 1554 @findex system-name |
1555 @cindex Sun | |
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1556 @cindex i-did-not-set--mail-host-address--so-tickle-me |
25829 | 1557 This required header will be generated by Message. A unique ID will be |
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1558 created based on the date, time, user name (for the local part) and the |
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1559 domain part. For the domain part, message will look (in this order) at |
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1560 @code{message-user-fqdn}, @code{system-name}, @code{mail-host-address} |
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1561 and @code{message-user-mail-address} (i.e. @code{user-mail-address}) |
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1562 until a probably valid fully qualified domain name (FQDN) was found. |
25829 | 1563 |
35614 | 1564 @item User-Agent |
1565 @cindex User-Agent | |
25829 | 1566 This optional header will be filled out according to the |
1567 @code{message-newsreader} local variable. | |
1568 | |
1569 @item In-Reply-To | |
1570 This optional header is filled out using the @code{Date} and @code{From} | |
1571 header of the article being replied to. | |
1572 | |
1573 @item Expires | |
1574 @cindex Expires | |
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1575 @vindex message-expires |
25829 | 1576 This extremely optional header will be inserted according to the |
1577 @code{message-expires} variable. It is highly deprecated and shouldn't | |
1578 be used unless you know what you're doing. | |
1579 | |
1580 @item Distribution | |
1581 @cindex Distribution | |
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1582 @vindex message-distribution-function |
25829 | 1583 This optional header is filled out according to the |
1584 @code{message-distribution-function} variable. It is a deprecated and | |
1585 much misunderstood header. | |
1586 | |
1587 @item Path | |
1588 @cindex path | |
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1589 @vindex message-user-path |
25829 | 1590 This extremely optional header should probably never be used. |
1591 However, some @emph{very} old servers require that this header is | |
1592 present. @code{message-user-path} further controls how this | |
1593 @code{Path} header is to look. If it is @code{nil}, use the server name | |
1594 as the leaf node. If it is a string, use the string. If it is neither | |
1595 a string nor @code{nil}, use the user name only. However, it is highly | |
1596 unlikely that you should need to fiddle with this variable at all. | |
1597 @end table | |
1598 | |
1599 @findex yow | |
1600 @cindex Mime-Version | |
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1601 In addition, you can enter conses into this list. The @sc{car} of this cons |
25829 | 1602 should be a symbol. This symbol's name is the name of the header, and |
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1603 the @sc{cdr} can either be a string to be entered verbatim as the value of |
25829 | 1604 this header, or it can be a function to be called. This function should |
1605 return a string to be inserted. For instance, if you want to insert | |
1606 @code{Mime-Version: 1.0}, you should enter @code{(Mime-Version . "1.0")} | |
1607 into the list. If you want to insert a funny quote, you could enter | |
1608 something like @code{(X-Yow . yow)} into the list. The function | |
1609 @code{yow} will then be called without any arguments. | |
1610 | |
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1611 If the list contains a cons where the @sc{car} of the cons is |
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1612 @code{optional}, the @sc{cdr} of this cons will only be inserted if it is |
25829 | 1613 non-@code{nil}. |
1614 | |
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1615 If you want to delete an entry from this list, the following Lisp |
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1616 snippet might be useful. Adjust accordingly if you want to remove |
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1617 another element. |
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1618 |
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1619 @lisp |
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1620 (setq message-required-news-headers |
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1621 (delq 'Message-ID message-required-news-headers)) |
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1622 @end lisp |
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1623 |
25829 | 1624 Other variables for customizing outgoing news articles: |
1625 | |
1626 @table @code | |
1627 | |
1628 @item message-syntax-checks | |
1629 @vindex message-syntax-checks | |
1630 Controls what syntax checks should not be performed on outgoing posts. | |
1631 To disable checking of long signatures, for instance, add | |
1632 | |
1633 @lisp | |
1634 (signature . disabled) | |
1635 @end lisp | |
1636 | |
1637 to this list. | |
1638 | |
1639 Valid checks are: | |
1640 | |
1641 @table @code | |
31852 | 1642 @item subject-cmsg |
25829 | 1643 Check the subject for commands. |
1644 @item sender | |
1645 @cindex Sender | |
31852 | 1646 Insert a new @code{Sender} header if the @code{From} header looks odd. |
1647 @item multiple-headers | |
25829 | 1648 Check for the existence of multiple equal headers. |
31852 | 1649 @item sendsys |
25829 | 1650 @cindex sendsys |
1651 Check for the existence of version and sendsys commands. | |
1652 @item message-id | |
1653 Check whether the @code{Message-ID} looks ok. | |
1654 @item from | |
1655 Check whether the @code{From} header seems nice. | |
31852 | 1656 @item long-lines |
25829 | 1657 @cindex long lines |
1658 Check for too long lines. | |
1659 @item control-chars | |
1660 Check for invalid characters. | |
1661 @item size | |
1662 Check for excessive size. | |
1663 @item new-text | |
1664 Check whether there is any new text in the messages. | |
1665 @item signature | |
1666 Check the length of the signature. | |
1667 @item approved | |
1668 @cindex approved | |
1669 Check whether the article has an @code{Approved} header, which is | |
1670 something only moderators should include. | |
1671 @item empty | |
1672 Check whether the article is empty. | |
31852 | 1673 @item invisible-text |
1674 Check whether there is any invisible text in the buffer. | |
25829 | 1675 @item empty-headers |
1676 Check whether any of the headers are empty. | |
1677 @item existing-newsgroups | |
31852 | 1678 Check whether the newsgroups mentioned in the @code{Newsgroups} and |
25829 | 1679 @code{Followup-To} headers exist. |
1680 @item valid-newsgroups | |
1681 Check whether the @code{Newsgroups} and @code{Followup-to} headers | |
1682 are valid syntactically. | |
1683 @item repeated-newsgroups | |
1684 Check whether the @code{Newsgroups} and @code{Followup-to} headers | |
1685 contains repeated group names. | |
1686 @item shorten-followup-to | |
1687 Check whether to add a @code{Followup-to} header to shorten the number | |
1688 of groups to post to. | |
1689 @end table | |
1690 | |
1691 All these conditions are checked by default. | |
1692 | |
1693 @item message-ignored-news-headers | |
1694 @vindex message-ignored-news-headers | |
1695 Regexp of headers to be removed before posting. The default is@* | |
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1696 @samp{^NNTP-Posting-Host:\\|^Xref:\\|^[BGF]cc:\\|^Resent-Fcc:\\|^X-Draft-From:}. |
25829 | 1697 |
1698 @item message-default-news-headers | |
1699 @vindex message-default-news-headers | |
1700 This string is inserted at the end of the headers in all message | |
1701 buffers that are initialized as news. | |
1702 | |
1703 @end table | |
1704 | |
1705 | |
1706 @node News Variables | |
1707 @section News Variables | |
1708 | |
1709 @table @code | |
1710 @item message-send-news-function | |
1711 @vindex message-send-news-function | |
1712 Function used to send the current buffer as news. The default is | |
31852 | 1713 @code{message-send-news}. |
25829 | 1714 |
1715 @item message-post-method | |
1716 @vindex message-post-method | |
1717 Gnusish @dfn{select method} (see the Gnus manual for details) used for | |
1718 posting a prepared news message. | |
1719 | |
1720 @end table | |
1721 | |
1722 | |
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1723 @node Insertion Variables |
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1724 @section Insertion Variables |
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1725 |
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1726 @table @code |
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1727 @item message-ignored-cited-headers |
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1728 @vindex message-ignored-cited-headers |
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1729 All headers that match this regexp will be removed from yanked |
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1730 messages. The default is @samp{.}, which means that all headers will be |
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1731 removed. |
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1732 |
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1733 @item message-cite-prefix-regexp |
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1734 @vindex message-cite-prefix-regexp |
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1735 Regexp matching the longest possible citation prefix on a line. |
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1736 |
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1737 @item message-citation-line-function |
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1738 @vindex message-citation-line-function |
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1739 @cindex attribution line |
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1740 Function called to insert the citation line. The default is |
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1741 @code{message-insert-citation-line}, which will lead to citation lines |
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1742 that look like: |
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1743 |
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1744 @example |
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1745 Hallvard B Furuseth <h.b.furuseth@@usit.uio.no> writes: |
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1746 @end example |
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1747 |
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1748 Point will be at the beginning of the body of the message when this |
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1749 function is called. |
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1750 |
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1751 Note that Gnus provides a feature where clicking on `writes:' hides the |
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1752 cited text. If you change the citation line too much, readers of your |
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1753 messages will have to adjust their Gnus, too. See the variable |
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1754 @code{gnus-cite-attribution-suffix}. @xref{Article Highlighting, , |
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1755 Article Highlighting, gnus, The Gnus Manual}, for details. |
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1756 |
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1757 @item message-yank-prefix |
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1758 @vindex message-yank-prefix |
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1759 @cindex yanking |
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1760 @cindex quoting |
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1761 When you are replying to or following up an article, you normally want |
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1762 to quote the person you are answering. Inserting quoted text is done |
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1763 by @dfn{yanking}, and each line you yank will have |
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1764 @code{message-yank-prefix} prepended to it (except for quoted and |
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1765 empty lines which uses @code{message-yank-cited-prefix}). The default |
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1766 is @samp{> }. |
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1767 |
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1768 @item message-yank-cited-prefix |
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1769 @vindex message-yank-cited-prefix |
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1770 @cindex yanking |
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1771 @cindex cited |
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1772 @cindex quoting |
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1773 When yanking text from an article which contains no text or already |
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1774 cited text, each line will be prefixed with the contents of this |
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1775 variable. The default is @samp{>}. See also |
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1776 @code{message-yank-prefix}. |
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1777 |
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1778 @item message-indentation-spaces |
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1779 @vindex message-indentation-spaces |
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1780 Number of spaces to indent yanked messages. |
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1781 |
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1782 @item message-cite-function |
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1783 @vindex message-cite-function |
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1784 @findex message-cite-original |
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1785 @findex sc-cite-original |
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1786 @findex message-cite-original-without-signature |
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1787 @cindex Supercite |
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1788 Function for citing an original message. The default is |
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1789 @code{message-cite-original}, which simply inserts the original message |
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1790 and prepends @samp{> } to each line. |
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1791 @code{message-cite-original-without-signature} does the same, but elides |
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1792 the signature. You can also set it to @code{sc-cite-original} to use |
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1793 Supercite. |
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1794 |
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1795 @item message-indent-citation-function |
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1796 @vindex message-indent-citation-function |
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1797 Function for modifying a citation just inserted in the mail buffer. |
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1798 This can also be a list of functions. Each function can find the |
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1799 citation between @code{(point)} and @code{(mark t)}. And each function |
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1800 should leave point and mark around the citation text as modified. |
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1801 |
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1802 @item message-mark-insert-begin |
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1803 @vindex message-mark-insert-begin |
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1804 String to mark the beginning of some inserted text. |
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1805 |
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1806 @item message-mark-insert-end |
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1807 @vindex message-mark-insert-end |
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1808 String to mark the end of some inserted text. |
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1809 |
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1810 @item message-signature |
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1811 @vindex message-signature |
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1812 String to be inserted at the end of the message buffer. If @code{t} |
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1813 (which is the default), the @code{message-signature-file} file will be |
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1814 inserted instead. If a function, the result from the function will be |
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1815 used instead. If a form, the result from the form will be used instead. |
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1816 If this variable is @code{nil}, no signature will be inserted at all. |
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1817 |
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1818 @item message-signature-file |
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1819 @vindex message-signature-file |
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1820 File containing the signature to be inserted at the end of the buffer. |
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1821 The default is @file{~/.signature}. |
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1822 |
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1823 @item message-signature-insert-empty-line |
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1824 @vindex message-signature-insert-empty-line |
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1825 If @code{t} (the default value) an empty line is inserted before the |
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1826 signature separator. |
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1827 |
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1828 @end table |
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1829 |
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1830 Note that RFC1036bis says that a signature should be preceded by the three |
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1831 characters @samp{-- } on a line by themselves. This is to make it |
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1832 easier for the recipient to automatically recognize and process the |
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1833 signature. So don't remove those characters, even though you might feel |
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1834 that they ruin your beautiful design, like, totally. |
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1835 |
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1836 Also note that no signature should be more than four lines long. |
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1837 Including @acronym{ASCII} graphics is an efficient way to get |
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1838 everybody to believe that you are silly and have nothing important to |
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1839 say. |
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1840 |
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1841 |
25829 | 1842 @node Various Message Variables |
1843 @section Various Message Variables | |
1844 | |
1845 @table @code | |
31852 | 1846 @item message-default-charset |
1847 @vindex message-default-charset | |
1848 @cindex charset | |
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1849 Symbol naming a @acronym{MIME} charset. Non-@acronym{ASCII} |
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1850 characters in messages are assumed to be encoded using this charset. |
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1851 The default is @code{nil}, which means ask the user. (This variable |
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1852 is used only on non-@sc{mule} Emacsen. @xref{Charset Translation, , |
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1853 Charset Translation, emacs-mime, Emacs MIME Manual}, for details on |
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1854 the @sc{mule}-to-@acronym{MIME} translation process. |
31852 | 1855 |
25829 | 1856 @item message-signature-separator |
1857 @vindex message-signature-separator | |
1858 Regexp matching the signature separator. It is @samp{^-- *$} by | |
31852 | 1859 default. |
25829 | 1860 |
1861 @item mail-header-separator | |
1862 @vindex mail-header-separator | |
1863 String used to separate the headers from the body. It is @samp{--text | |
1864 follows this line--} by default. | |
1865 | |
1866 @item message-directory | |
1867 @vindex message-directory | |
31852 | 1868 Directory used by many mailey things. The default is @file{~/Mail/}. |
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1869 All other mail file variables are derived from @code{message-directory}. |
25829 | 1870 |
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1871 @item message-auto-save-directory |
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1872 @vindex message-auto-save-directory |
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1873 Directory where Message auto-saves buffers if Gnus isn't running. If |
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1874 @code{nil}, Message won't auto-save. The default is @file{~/Mail/drafts/}. |
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1875 |
25829 | 1876 @item message-signature-setup-hook |
1877 @vindex message-signature-setup-hook | |
1878 Hook run when initializing the message buffer. It is run after the | |
31852 | 1879 headers have been inserted but before the signature has been inserted. |
25829 | 1880 |
1881 @item message-setup-hook | |
1882 @vindex message-setup-hook | |
1883 Hook run as the last thing when the message buffer has been initialized, | |
1884 but before yanked text is inserted. | |
1885 | |
1886 @item message-header-setup-hook | |
1887 @vindex message-header-setup-hook | |
31852 | 1888 Hook called narrowed to the headers after initializing the headers. |
25829 | 1889 |
1890 For instance, if you're running Gnus and wish to insert a | |
1891 @samp{Mail-Copies-To} header in all your news articles and all messages | |
1892 you send to mailing lists, you could do something like the following: | |
1893 | |
1894 @lisp | |
1895 (defun my-message-header-setup-hook () | |
1896 (let ((group (or gnus-newsgroup-name ""))) | |
1897 (when (or (message-fetch-field "newsgroups") | |
1898 (gnus-group-find-parameter group 'to-address) | |
1899 (gnus-group-find-parameter group 'to-list)) | |
1900 (insert "Mail-Copies-To: never\n")))) | |
1901 | |
1902 (add-hook 'message-header-setup-hook | |
1903 'my-message-header-setup-hook) | |
1904 @end lisp | |
1905 | |
1906 @item message-send-hook | |
1907 @vindex message-send-hook | |
1908 Hook run before sending messages. | |
1909 | |
1910 If you want to add certain headers before sending, you can use the | |
1911 @code{message-add-header} function in this hook. For instance: | |
1912 @findex message-add-header | |
1913 | |
1914 @lisp | |
1915 (add-hook 'message-send-hook 'my-message-add-content) | |
1916 (defun my-message-add-content () | |
35614 | 1917 (message-add-header "X-In-No-Sense: Nonsense") |
1918 (message-add-header "X-Whatever: no")) | |
25829 | 1919 @end lisp |
1920 | |
1921 This function won't add the header if the header is already present. | |
1922 | |
1923 @item message-send-mail-hook | |
1924 @vindex message-send-mail-hook | |
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1925 Hook run before sending mail messages. This hook is run very late -- |
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1926 just before the message is actually sent as mail. |
25829 | 1927 |
1928 @item message-send-news-hook | |
1929 @vindex message-send-news-hook | |
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1930 Hook run before sending news messages. This hook is run very late -- |
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1931 just before the message is actually sent as news. |
25829 | 1932 |
1933 @item message-sent-hook | |
1934 @vindex message-sent-hook | |
1935 Hook run after sending messages. | |
1936 | |
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1937 @item message-cancel-hook |
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1938 @vindex message-cancel-hook |
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1939 Hook run when canceling news articles. |
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1940 |
25829 | 1941 @item message-mode-syntax-table |
1942 @vindex message-mode-syntax-table | |
1943 Syntax table used in message mode buffers. | |
1944 | |
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1945 @item message-strip-special-text-properties |
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1946 @vindex message-strip-special-text-properties |
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1947 Emacs has a number of special text properties which can break message |
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1948 composing in various ways. If this option is set, message will strip |
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1949 these properties from the message composition buffer. However, some |
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1950 packages requires these properties to be present in order to work. If |
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1951 you use one of these packages, turn this option off, and hope the |
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1952 message composition doesn't break too bad. |
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1953 |
25829 | 1954 @item message-send-method-alist |
1955 @vindex message-send-method-alist | |
1956 | |
1957 Alist of ways to send outgoing messages. Each element has the form | |
1958 | |
1959 @lisp | |
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1960 (@var{type} @var{predicate} @var{function}) |
25829 | 1961 @end lisp |
1962 | |
1963 @table @var | |
1964 @item type | |
1965 A symbol that names the method. | |
1966 | |
1967 @item predicate | |
1968 A function called without any parameters to determine whether the | |
1969 message is a message of type @var{type}. | |
1970 | |
1971 @item function | |
1972 A function to be called if @var{predicate} returns non-@code{nil}. | |
1973 @var{function} is called with one parameter -- the prefix. | |
1974 @end table | |
1975 | |
1976 @lisp | |
1977 ((news message-news-p message-send-via-news) | |
1978 (mail message-mail-p message-send-via-mail)) | |
1979 @end lisp | |
1980 | |
1981 | |
1982 | |
1983 @end table | |
1984 | |
1985 | |
1986 | |
1987 @node Sending Variables | |
1988 @section Sending Variables | |
1989 | |
1990 @table @code | |
1991 | |
31852 | 1992 @item message-fcc-handler-function |
1993 @vindex message-fcc-handler-function | |
25829 | 1994 A function called to save outgoing articles. This function will be |
31852 | 1995 called with the name of the file to store the article in. The default |
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1996 function is @code{message-output} which saves in Unix mailbox format. |
25829 | 1997 |
1998 @item message-courtesy-message | |
1999 @vindex message-courtesy-message | |
2000 When sending combined messages, this string is inserted at the start of | |
2001 the mailed copy. If the string contains the format spec @samp{%s}, the | |
2002 newsgroups the article has been posted to will be inserted there. If | |
2003 this variable is @code{nil}, no such courtesy message will be added. | |
2004 The default value is @samp{"The following message is a courtesy copy of | |
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2005 an article\\nthat has been posted to %s as well.\\n\\n"}. |
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2006 |
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2007 @item message-fcc-externalize-attachments |
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2008 @vindex message-fcc-externalize-attachments |
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2009 If @code{nil}, attach files as normal parts in Fcc copies; if it is |
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2010 non-@code{nil}, attach local files as external parts. |
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2011 |
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2012 @item message-interactive |
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2013 @vindex message-interactive |
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2014 If non-@code{nil} wait for and display errors when sending a message; |
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2015 if @code{nil} let the mailer mail back a message to report errors. |
25829 | 2016 |
2017 @end table | |
2018 | |
2019 | |
2020 @node Message Buffers | |
2021 @section Message Buffers | |
2022 | |
2023 Message will generate new buffers with unique buffer names when you | |
2024 request a message buffer. When you send the message, the buffer isn't | |
2025 normally killed off. Its name is changed and a certain number of old | |
2026 message buffers are kept alive. | |
2027 | |
2028 @table @code | |
2029 @item message-generate-new-buffers | |
2030 @vindex message-generate-new-buffers | |
2031 If non-@code{nil}, generate new buffers. The default is @code{t}. If | |
2032 this is a function, call that function with three parameters: The type, | |
2033 the to address and the group name. (Any of these may be @code{nil}.) | |
2034 The function should return the new buffer name. | |
2035 | |
2036 @item message-max-buffers | |
2037 @vindex message-max-buffers | |
2038 This variable says how many old message buffers to keep. If there are | |
2039 more message buffers than this, the oldest buffer will be killed. The | |
2040 default is 10. If this variable is @code{nil}, no old message buffers | |
2041 will ever be killed. | |
2042 | |
2043 @item message-send-rename-function | |
2044 @vindex message-send-rename-function | |
2045 After sending a message, the buffer is renamed from, for instance, | |
2046 @samp{*reply to Lars*} to @samp{*sent reply to Lars*}. If you don't | |
2047 like this, set this variable to a function that renames the buffer in a | |
2048 manner you like. If you don't want to rename the buffer at all, you can | |
2049 say: | |
2050 | |
2051 @lisp | |
2052 (setq message-send-rename-function 'ignore) | |
2053 @end lisp | |
2054 | |
2055 @item message-kill-buffer-on-exit | |
2056 @findex message-kill-buffer-on-exit | |
2057 If non-@code{nil}, kill the buffer immediately on exit. | |
2058 | |
2059 @end table | |
2060 | |
2061 | |
2062 @node Message Actions | |
2063 @section Message Actions | |
2064 | |
2065 When Message is being used from a news/mail reader, the reader is likely | |
2066 to want to perform some task after the message has been sent. Perhaps | |
2067 return to the previous window configuration or mark an article as | |
31852 | 2068 replied. |
25829 | 2069 |
2070 @vindex message-kill-actions | |
2071 @vindex message-postpone-actions | |
2072 @vindex message-exit-actions | |
2073 @vindex message-send-actions | |
2074 The user may exit from the message buffer in various ways. The most | |
2075 common is @kbd{C-c C-c}, which sends the message and exits. Other | |
2076 possibilities are @kbd{C-c C-s} which just sends the message, @kbd{C-c | |
2077 C-d} which postpones the message editing and buries the message buffer, | |
2078 and @kbd{C-c C-k} which kills the message buffer. Each of these actions | |
2079 have lists associated with them that contains actions to be executed: | |
2080 @code{message-send-actions}, @code{message-exit-actions}, | |
31852 | 2081 @code{message-postpone-actions}, and @code{message-kill-actions}. |
25829 | 2082 |
2083 Message provides a function to interface with these lists: | |
2084 @code{message-add-action}. The first parameter is the action to be | |
2085 added, and the rest of the arguments are which lists to add this action | |
2086 to. Here's an example from Gnus: | |
2087 | |
2088 @lisp | |
2089 (message-add-action | |
2090 `(set-window-configuration ,(current-window-configuration)) | |
2091 'exit 'postpone 'kill) | |
2092 @end lisp | |
2093 | |
2094 This restores the Gnus window configuration when the message buffer is | |
2095 killed, postponed or exited. | |
2096 | |
2097 An @dfn{action} can be either: a normal function, or a list where the | |
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2098 @sc{car} is a function and the @sc{cdr} is the list of arguments, or |
25829 | 2099 a form to be @code{eval}ed. |
2100 | |
2101 | |
2102 @node Compatibility | |
2103 @chapter Compatibility | |
2104 @cindex compatibility | |
2105 | |
2106 Message uses virtually only its own variables---older @code{mail-} | |
2107 variables aren't consulted. To force Message to take those variables | |
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2108 into account, you can put the following in your @file{.emacs} file: |
25829 | 2109 |
2110 @lisp | |
2111 (require 'messcompat) | |
2112 @end lisp | |
2113 | |
2114 This will initialize many Message variables from the values in the | |
2115 corresponding mail variables. | |
2116 | |
2117 | |
2118 @node Appendices | |
2119 @chapter Appendices | |
2120 | |
2121 @menu | |
2122 * Responses:: Standard rules for determining where responses go. | |
2123 @end menu | |
2124 | |
2125 | |
2126 @node Responses | |
2127 @section Responses | |
2128 | |
2129 To determine where a message is to go, the following algorithm is used | |
2130 by default. | |
2131 | |
2132 @table @dfn | |
2133 @item reply | |
2134 A @dfn{reply} is when you want to respond @emph{just} to the person who | |
2135 sent the message via mail. There will only be one recipient. To | |
2136 determine who the recipient will be, the following headers are | |
2137 consulted, in turn: | |
2138 | |
2139 @table @code | |
2140 @item Reply-To | |
2141 | |
2142 @item From | |
2143 @end table | |
2144 | |
2145 | |
2146 @item wide reply | |
2147 A @dfn{wide reply} is a mail response that includes @emph{all} entities | |
2148 mentioned in the message you are responded to. All mailboxes from the | |
2149 following headers will be concatenated to form the outgoing | |
2150 @code{To}/@code{Cc} headers: | |
2151 | |
2152 @table @code | |
2153 @item From | |
2154 (unless there's a @code{Reply-To}, in which case that is used instead). | |
2155 | |
2156 @item Cc | |
2157 | |
2158 @item To | |
2159 @end table | |
2160 | |
2161 If a @code{Mail-Copies-To} header is present, it will also be included | |
2162 in the list of mailboxes. If this header is @samp{never}, that means | |
2163 that the @code{From} (or @code{Reply-To}) mailbox will be suppressed. | |
2164 | |
2165 | |
2166 @item followup | |
2167 A @dfn{followup} is a response sent via news. The following headers | |
2168 (listed in order of precedence) determine where the response is to be | |
2169 sent: | |
2170 | |
2171 @table @code | |
2172 | |
2173 @item Followup-To | |
2174 | |
2175 @item Newsgroups | |
2176 | |
2177 @end table | |
2178 | |
2179 If a @code{Mail-Copies-To} header is present, it will be used as the | |
2180 basis of the new @code{Cc} header, except if this header is | |
2181 @samp{never}. | |
2182 | |
2183 @end table | |
2184 | |
2185 | |
2186 | |
2187 @node Index | |
2188 @chapter Index | |
2189 @printindex cp | |
2190 | |
2191 @node Key Index | |
2192 @chapter Key Index | |
2193 @printindex ky | |
2194 | |
2195 @summarycontents | |
2196 @contents | |
2197 @bye | |
2198 | |
2199 @c End: | |
52401 | 2200 |
2201 @ignore | |
2202 arch-tag: 16ab76af-a281-4e34-aed6-5624569f7601 | |
2203 @end ignore |