Mercurial > emacs
annotate man/anti.texi @ 42755:38a5ed828230
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author | Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz> |
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date | Mon, 14 Jan 2002 14:37:37 +0000 |
parents | 7f6156d8c1af |
children | d9eb8b50a070 |
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25829 | 1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual. |
39287 | 2 @c Copyright (C) 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
25829 | 3 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions. |
4 | |
40518 | 5 @node Antinews, Mac OS, X Resources, Top |
31334 | 6 @appendix Emacs 20 Antinews |
25829 | 7 |
8 For those users who live backwards in time, here is information about | |
31334 | 9 downgrading to Emacs version 20. We hope you will enjoy the greater |
10 simplicity that results from the absence of many Emacs 21 features. | |
25829 | 11 |
12 @itemize @bullet | |
13 @item | |
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14 The display engine has been greatly simplified by eliminating support |
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15 for variable-size characters and other non-text display features. This |
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16 avoids the complexity of display layout in Emacs 21. To wit: |
31334 | 17 |
18 @itemize @minus | |
19 @item | |
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20 Variable-size characters are not supported in Emacs 20. You cannot use |
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21 fonts which contain oversized characters, and using italic fonts can |
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22 result in illegible display. However, text which uses variable-size |
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23 fonts is unreadable anyway. With all characters in a frame laid out on |
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24 a regular grid, each character having the same height and width, text is |
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25 much easier to read. |
25829 | 26 |
27 @item | |
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28 Emacs does not display images, or play sounds. It just displays text, |
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29 as you would expect from a @strong{text} editor. |
25829 | 30 |
31 @item | |
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32 Specification of the font for a face now uses an XLFD font name, for |
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33 compatibility with other X applications. This means that font |
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34 attributes cannot be merged when combining faces; however, experience |
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35 shows that mergers are bad economics. Face inheritance has also been |
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36 removed, so no one can accumulate ``too much face.'' |
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37 |
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38 @item |
38738 | 39 Several face appearance attributes, including 3D, strike-through, and |
40 overline, have been eliminated. | |
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41 |
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42 @item |
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43 Emacs now provides its own ``lean and mean'' scroll bars instead of using |
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44 those from the X toolkit. Toggle buttons and radio buttons in menus now |
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45 look just like any other menu item, which simplifies them, and prevents |
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46 them from standing out and distracting your attention from the other |
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47 menu items. |
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48 |
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49 @item |
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50 There are no toolbars and no tooltips; in particular, @acronym{GUD} |
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51 mode cannot display variable values in a tooltip when you click on |
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52 that variable's name. Instead, Emacs 20 provides a direct interface to |
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53 the debugger, so that you can type appropriate debugger commands, such |
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54 as @kbd{display foo} and @kbd{print bar}. As these commands use |
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55 explicit words, their meaning is more self-evident. |
31334 | 56 |
57 @item | |
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58 Colors are not available on text-only terminals. If you @emph{must} |
38738 | 59 have colors, but cannot afford to run X, you can now use the MS-DOG |
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60 version of Emacs inside a DOS emulator. |
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61 |
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62 @item |
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63 The mode line is not mouse-sensitive, since it is meant only to |
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64 display information. Use keyboard commands to switch between buffers, |
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65 toggle read-only and modified status, switch minor modes on and off, |
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66 etc. |
25829 | 67 |
68 @item | |
33695 | 69 The support for ``wheeled'' mice under X has been removed, because |
38738 | 70 of their slow scroll rate, and because you will find fewer and fewer of |
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71 these mice as you go back in time. Instead Emacs 20 provides the |
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72 @kbd{C-v} and @kbd{M-v} keys for scrolling. (You can also use the |
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73 scroll bar, but be advised that it, too, may be absent in yet earlier |
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74 Emacs versions.) |
25829 | 75 |
76 @item | |
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77 Busy-cursor display is gone, as it was found to be too hard to draw on |
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78 displays whose resolution is getting lower and lower. This means that |
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79 you get the standard kind of cursor blinking that your terminal |
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80 provides. |
31334 | 81 |
82 @item | |
83 Some aspects of Emacs appearance, such as the colors of the scroll bar | |
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84 and the menus, can only be controlled via X resources. Since colors |
38738 | 85 aren't supported except on X, it doesn't make any sense to do this in |
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86 any way but the X way. For those users who aren't privy to X arcana, |
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87 we've provided good default colors that should make everybody happy. |
25829 | 88 |
89 @item | |
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90 Emacs 20 adds new lines to the buffer when you move down from the last |
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91 line with @kbd{C-n} or a down-arrow. |
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92 |
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93 @item |
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94 The variable @code{show-trailing-whitespace} has no special meaning, so |
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95 trailing whitespace on a line is now always displayed correctly: as |
39267 | 96 empty space. To see if a line ends with spaces or tabs, type @kbd{C-e} |
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97 on that line. Likewise, empty lines at the end of the buffer are not |
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98 marked in any way; use @kbd{M->} to see where the end of the buffer is. |
25829 | 99 |
100 @item | |
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101 The spacing between text lines on the display now always follows the |
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102 font design and the rules of your window manager. This provides for |
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103 predictable appearance of the displayed text. |
31334 | 104 @end itemize |
25829 | 105 |
106 @item | |
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107 Emacs 20 has simpler support for multi-lingual editing. While not as |
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108 radical a simplification as Emacs 19 will be, it goes a long way toward |
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109 eliminating some of the annoying features: |
25829 | 110 |
31334 | 111 @itemize @minus |
25829 | 112 @item |
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113 Translations of the Emacs reference cards to other languages are no |
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114 longer part of the distribution, because in the past we expect |
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115 computer users to speak English. |
25829 | 116 |
117 @item | |
31334 | 118 To avoid extra confusion, many language environments have been |
119 eliminated. For example, @samp{Polish} and @samp{Celtic} (Latin-8) | |
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120 environments are not supported. The Latin-9 environment is gone, |
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121 too, because you won't need the Euro sign in the past. |
31334 | 122 |
123 @item | |
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124 Emacs 20 always asks you which coding system to use when saving |
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125 a buffer, unless it can use the same one that it used to read the buffer. |
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126 It does not try to see if the preferred coding system is suitable. |
25829 | 127 |
128 @item | |
31334 | 129 Commands which provide detailed information about character sets and |
130 coding systems, such as @code{list-charset-chars}, | |
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131 @code{describe-character-set}, and the @kbd{C-u C-x =} key-sequence, |
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132 no longer exist. The less said about non-ASCII characters, the |
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133 better. |
25829 | 134 |
135 @item | |
31334 | 136 The terminal coding system cannot be set to something CCL-based, so |
137 keyboards which produce @code{KOI8} and DOS/Windows codepage codes | |
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138 cannot be supported directly. Instead, you should use one of the input |
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139 methods provided in the Leim package. |
31334 | 140 @end itemize |
25829 | 141 |
142 @item | |
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143 As you move back through time, some systems will become unimportant or |
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144 enter the vaporware phase, so Emacs 20 does not support them: |
25829 | 145 |
31334 | 146 @itemize @minus |
25829 | 147 @item |
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148 Emacs 20 cannot be built on GNU/Linux systems running on IA64 machines, |
33695 | 149 and you cannot build a 64-bit Emacs on Solaris or Irix even though there |
150 are still 64-bit versions of those OSes. | |
25829 | 151 |
152 @item | |
33695 | 153 LynxOS is also not supported, and neither is the Macintosh, though they |
154 still exist. | |
25829 | 155 @end itemize |
156 | |
31334 | 157 @item |
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158 The arrangement of menu bar items differs from most other @acronym{GUI} |
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159 programs. We think that uniformity of look-and-feel is boring, and that |
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160 Emacs' unique features require its unique menu-bar configuration. |
25829 | 161 |
31334 | 162 @item |
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163 You cannot save the options that you set from the @samp{Options} |
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164 menu-bar menu; instead, you need to set all the options again each time |
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165 you start a new session. However, if you follow the recommended |
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166 practice and keep a single Emacs session running until you log out, |
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167 you won't have to set the options very often. |
25829 | 168 |
31334 | 169 @item |
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170 Emacs 20 does not pop up a buffer with error messages when an error is |
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171 signaled during loading of the user's init file. Instead, it simply |
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172 announces the fact that an error happened. To know where in the init |
38738 | 173 file that was, insert @code{(message "foo")} lines judiciously into the |
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174 file and look for those messages in the @samp{*Messages*} buffer. |
25829 | 175 |
176 @item | |
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177 Some commands no longer treat Transient Mark mode specially. For |
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178 example, @code{ispell} doesn't spell-check the region when Transient |
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179 Mark mode is in effect and the mark is active; instead, it checks the |
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180 current buffer. (Transient Mark mode is alien to the spirit of Emacs, |
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181 so we are planning to remove it altogether in an earlier version.) |
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182 |
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183 @item |
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184 @kbd{C-Down-Mouse-3} does not show what would be in the menu bar |
33695 | 185 when the menu bar is not displayed. |
31334 | 186 |
187 @item | |
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188 For uniformity, the @key{delete} function key in Emacs 20 works exactly like |
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189 the @key{DEL} key, on both text-only terminals and window systems---it |
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190 always deletes backward. This eliminates the inconsistency of Emacs 21, |
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191 where the key labeled @key{delete} deletes forward when you are using a |
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192 window system, and backward on a text-only terminals. |
31334 | 193 |
194 @item | |
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195 The ability to place backup files in special subdirectories (controlled |
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196 by @code{backup-directory-alist}) has been eliminated. This makes |
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197 finding your backup files much easier: they are always in the same |
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198 directory as the original files. |
31334 | 199 |
200 @item | |
201 Emacs no longer refuses to load Lisp files compiled by incompatible | |
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202 versions of Emacs, which may contain invalid byte-code. Instead, |
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203 Emacs now dumps core when it encounters such byte-code. However, this |
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204 is a rare occurrence, and it won't happen at all when all Emacs |
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205 versions merge together, in the distant past. |
25829 | 206 |
207 @item | |
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208 The @kbd{C-x 5 1} command has been eliminated. If you want to delete |
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209 all the frames but the current one, delete them one by one instead. |
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210 |
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211 @item |
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212 CC Mode now enforces identical values for some customizable options, |
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213 such as indentation style, for better consistency. In particular, if |
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214 you select an indentation style for Java, the same style is used |
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215 for C and C@t{++} buffers as well. |
31334 | 216 |
217 @item | |
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218 Isearch does not highlight other possible matches; it shows only the |
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219 current match, to avoid distracting your attention. @kbd{Mouse-2} in |
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220 the echo area during incremental search now signals an error, instead of |
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221 inserting the current selection into the search string. But you can |
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222 accomplish more or less the same job by typing @kbd{M-y}. |
25829 | 223 |
224 @item | |
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225 The ability to specify a port number when editing remote files with |
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226 @code{ange-ftp} was removed. Instead, Emacs 20 provides undocumented |
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227 features in the function @code{ange-ftp-normal-login} (@cite{Use the |
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228 source, Luke!}) to specify the port. |
25829 | 229 |
230 @item | |
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231 Emacs 20 does not check for changing time stamps of remote files, since |
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232 the old FTP programs you will encounter in the past could not provide |
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233 the time stamp anyway. Windows-style FTP clients which output the |
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234 @samp{^M} character at the end of each line get special handling from |
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235 @code{ange-ftp} in Emacs 20, with unexpected results that should make |
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236 your life more interesting. |
25829 | 237 |
238 @item | |
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239 Many complicated display features, including highlighting of |
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240 mouse-sensitive text regions and popping up help strings for menu items, |
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241 don't work in the MS-DOS version. Spelling doesn't work on MS-DOS, |
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242 and Eshell doesn't exist, so there's no workable shell-mode, either. |
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243 This fits the spirit of MS-DOS, which resembles a dumb character |
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244 terminal. |
25829 | 245 |
246 @item | |
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247 The @code{woman} package has been removed, so Emacs users on non-Posix |
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248 systems will need @emph{a real man} to read manual pages. (Users who |
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249 are not macho can read the Info documentation instead.) |
25829 | 250 |
251 @item | |
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252 @code{recentf} has been removed, because we figure that you can remember |
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253 the names of the files you edit frequently. With decreasing disk size, |
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254 you should have fewer files anyway, so you won't notice the absence of |
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255 this feature. |
25829 | 256 |
257 @item | |
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258 The @code{field} property does not exist in Emacs 20, so various |
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259 packages that run subsidiary programs in Emacs buffers cannot in general |
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260 distinguish which text was user input and which was output from the |
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261 subprocess. If you need to try to do this nonetheless, Emacs 20 |
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262 provides a variable @code{comint-prompt-regexp}, which lets you try to |
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263 distinguish input by recognizing prompt strings. |
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264 |
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265 @item |
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266 We have eliminated the special major modes for Delphi sources, |
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267 PostScript files, context diffs, and @file{TODO} files. Use Fundamental |
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268 Mode instead. |
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269 |
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270 @item |
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271 Many additional packages that unnecessarily complicate your life in |
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272 Emacs 21 are absent in Emacs 20. You cannot browse C@t{++} classes with |
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273 Ebrowse, access @acronym{SQL} data bases, access @acronym{LDAP} and |
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274 other directory servers, or mix shell commands and Lisp functions using |
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275 Eshell. |
31334 | 276 |
277 @item | |
278 To keep up with decreasing computer memory capacity and disk space, many | |
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279 other functions and files have been eliminated in Emacs 20. |
25829 | 280 @end itemize |