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1 @c -*-texinfo-*-
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2 @c This is part of the GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual.
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3 @c Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1998, 1999, 2002, 2003,
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4 @c 2004, 2005, 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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5 @c See the file elisp.texi for copying conditions.
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6 @setfilename ../info/frames
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7 @node Frames, Positions, Windows, Top
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8 @chapter Frames
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9 @cindex frame
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10
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11 A @dfn{frame} is a rectangle on the screen that contains one or more
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12 Emacs windows. A frame initially contains a single main window (plus
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13 perhaps a minibuffer window), which you can subdivide vertically or
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14 horizontally into smaller windows.
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15
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16 @cindex terminal frame
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17 When Emacs runs on a text-only terminal, it starts with one
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18 @dfn{terminal frame}. If you create additional ones, Emacs displays
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19 one and only one at any given time---on the terminal screen, of course.
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20
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21 @cindex window frame
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22 When Emacs communicates directly with a supported window system, such
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23 as X, it does not have a terminal frame; instead, it starts with
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24 a single @dfn{window frame}, but you can create more, and Emacs can
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25 display several such frames at once as is usual for window systems.
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26
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27 @defun framep object
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28 This predicate returns a non-@code{nil} value if @var{object} is a
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29 frame, and @code{nil} otherwise. For a frame, the value indicates which
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30 kind of display the frame uses:
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31
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32 @table @code
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33 @item x
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34 The frame is displayed in an X window.
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35 @item t
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36 A terminal frame on a character display.
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37 @item mac
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38 The frame is displayed on a Macintosh.
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39 @item w32
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40 The frame is displayed on MS-Windows 9X/NT.
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41 @item pc
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42 The frame is displayed on an MS-DOS terminal.
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43 @end table
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44 @end defun
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45
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46 @menu
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47 * Creating Frames:: Creating additional frames.
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48 * Multiple Displays:: Creating frames on other displays.
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49 * Frame Parameters:: Controlling frame size, position, font, etc.
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50 * Frame Titles:: Automatic updating of frame titles.
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51 * Deleting Frames:: Frames last until explicitly deleted.
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52 * Finding All Frames:: How to examine all existing frames.
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53 * Frames and Windows:: A frame contains windows;
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54 display of text always works through windows.
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55 * Minibuffers and Frames:: How a frame finds the minibuffer to use.
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56 * Input Focus:: Specifying the selected frame.
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57 * Visibility of Frames:: Frames may be visible or invisible, or icons.
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58 * Raising and Lowering:: Raising a frame makes it hide other windows;
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59 lowering it makes the others hide it.
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60 * Frame Configurations:: Saving the state of all frames.
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61 * Mouse Tracking:: Getting events that say when the mouse moves.
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62 * Mouse Position:: Asking where the mouse is, or moving it.
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63 * Pop-Up Menus:: Displaying a menu for the user to select from.
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64 * Dialog Boxes:: Displaying a box to ask yes or no.
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65 * Pointer Shape:: Specifying the shape of the mouse pointer.
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66 * Window System Selections:: Transferring text to and from other X clients.
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67 * Drag and Drop:: Internals of Drag-and-Drop implementation.
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68 * Color Names:: Getting the definitions of color names.
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69 * Text Terminal Colors:: Defining colors for text-only terminals.
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70 * Resources:: Getting resource values from the server.
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71 * Display Feature Testing:: Determining the features of a terminal.
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72 @end menu
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73
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74 @xref{Display}, for information about the related topic of
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75 controlling Emacs redisplay.
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76
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77 @node Creating Frames
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78 @section Creating Frames
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79
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80 To create a new frame, call the function @code{make-frame}.
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81
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82 @defun make-frame &optional alist
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83 This function creates and returns a new frame, displaying the current
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84 buffer. If you are using a supported window system, it makes a window
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85 frame; otherwise, it makes a terminal frame.
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86
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87 The argument is an alist specifying frame parameters. Any parameters
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88 not mentioned in @var{alist} default according to the value of the
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89 variable @code{default-frame-alist}; parameters not specified even there
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90 default from the standard X resources or whatever is used instead on
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91 your system.
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92
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93 The set of possible parameters depends in principle on what kind of
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94 window system Emacs uses to display its frames. @xref{Window Frame
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95 Parameters}, for documentation of individual parameters you can specify.
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96
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97 This function itself does not make the new frame the selected frame.
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98 @xref{Input Focus}. The previously selected frame remains selected.
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99 However, the window system may select the new frame for its own reasons,
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100 for instance if the frame appears under the mouse pointer and your
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101 setup is for focus to follow the pointer.
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102 @end defun
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103
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104 @defvar before-make-frame-hook
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105 A normal hook run by @code{make-frame} before it actually creates the
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106 frame.
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107 @end defvar
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108
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109 @defvar after-make-frame-functions
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110 An abnormal hook run by @code{make-frame} after it creates the frame.
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111 Each function in @code{after-make-frame-functions} receives one argument, the
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112 frame just created.
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113 @end defvar
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114
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115 @node Multiple Displays
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116 @section Multiple Displays
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117 @cindex multiple X displays
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118 @cindex displays, multiple
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119
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120 A single Emacs can talk to more than one X display.
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121 Initially, Emacs uses just one display---the one chosen with the
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122 @code{DISPLAY} environment variable or with the @samp{--display} option
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123 (@pxref{Initial Options,,, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}). To connect to
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124 another display, use the command @code{make-frame-on-display} or specify
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125 the @code{display} frame parameter when you create the frame.
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126
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127 Emacs treats each X server as a separate terminal, giving each one its
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128 own selected frame and its own minibuffer windows. However, only one of
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129 those frames is ``@emph{the} selected frame'' at any given moment, see
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130 @ref{Input Focus}.
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131
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132 A few Lisp variables are @dfn{terminal-local}; that is, they have a
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133 separate binding for each terminal. The binding in effect at any time
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134 is the one for the terminal that the currently selected frame belongs
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135 to. These variables include @code{default-minibuffer-frame},
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136 @code{defining-kbd-macro}, @code{last-kbd-macro}, and
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137 @code{system-key-alist}. They are always terminal-local, and can never
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138 be buffer-local (@pxref{Buffer-Local Variables}) or frame-local.
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139
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140 A single X server can handle more than one screen. A display name
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141 @samp{@var{host}:@var{server}.@var{screen}} has three parts; the last
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142 part specifies the screen number for a given server. When you use two
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143 screens belonging to one server, Emacs knows by the similarity in their
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144 names that they share a single keyboard, and it treats them as a single
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145 terminal.
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146
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147 @deffn Command make-frame-on-display display &optional parameters
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148 This creates and returns a new frame on display @var{display}, taking
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149 the other frame parameters from @var{parameters}. Aside from the
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150 @var{display} argument, it is like @code{make-frame} (@pxref{Creating
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151 Frames}).
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152 @end deffn
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153
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154 @defun x-display-list
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155 This returns a list that indicates which X displays Emacs has a
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156 connection to. The elements of the list are strings, and each one is
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157 a display name.
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158 @end defun
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159
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160 @defun x-open-connection display &optional xrm-string must-succeed
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161 This function opens a connection to the X display @var{display}. It
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162 does not create a frame on that display, but it permits you to check
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163 that communication can be established with that display.
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164
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165 The optional argument @var{xrm-string}, if not @code{nil}, is a
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166 string of resource names and values, in the same format used in the
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167 @file{.Xresources} file. The values you specify override the resource
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168 values recorded in the X server itself; they apply to all Emacs frames
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169 created on this display. Here's an example of what this string might
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170 look like:
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171
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172 @example
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173 "*BorderWidth: 3\n*InternalBorder: 2\n"
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174 @end example
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175
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176 @xref{X Resources,, X Resources, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}.
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177
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178 If @var{must-succeed} is non-@code{nil}, failure to open the connection
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179 terminates Emacs. Otherwise, it is an ordinary Lisp error.
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180 @end defun
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181
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182 @defun x-close-connection display
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183 This function closes the connection to display @var{display}. Before
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184 you can do this, you must first delete all the frames that were open on
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185 that display (@pxref{Deleting Frames}).
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186 @end defun
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187
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188 @node Frame Parameters
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189 @section Frame Parameters
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190
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191 A frame has many parameters that control its appearance and behavior.
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192 Just what parameters a frame has depends on what display mechanism it
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193 uses.
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194
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195 Frame parameters exist mostly for the sake of window systems. A
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196 terminal frame has a few parameters, mostly for compatibility's sake;
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197 only the @code{height}, @code{width}, @code{name}, @code{title},
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198 @code{menu-bar-lines}, @code{buffer-list} and @code{buffer-predicate}
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199 parameters do something special. If the terminal supports colors, the
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200 parameters @code{foreground-color}, @code{background-color},
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201 @code{background-mode} and @code{display-type} are also meaningful.
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202
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203 @menu
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204 * Parameter Access:: How to change a frame's parameters.
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205 * Initial Parameters:: Specifying frame parameters when you make a frame.
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206 * Window Frame Parameters:: List of frame parameters for window systems.
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207 * Size and Position:: Changing the size and position of a frame.
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208 * Geometry:: Parsing geometry specifications.
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209 @end menu
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210
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211 @node Parameter Access
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212 @subsection Access to Frame Parameters
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213
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214 These functions let you read and change the parameter values of a
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215 frame.
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216
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217 @defun frame-parameter frame parameter
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218 This function returns the value of the parameter @var{parameter} (a
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219 symbol) of @var{frame}. If @var{frame} is @code{nil}, it returns the
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220 selected frame's parameter. If @var{frame} has no setting for
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221 @var{parameter}, this function returns @code{nil}.
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222 @end defun
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223
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224 @defun frame-parameters &optional frame
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225 The function @code{frame-parameters} returns an alist listing all the
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226 parameters of @var{frame} and their values. If @var{frame} is
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227 @code{nil} or omitted, this returns the selected frame's parameters
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228 @end defun
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229
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230 @defun modify-frame-parameters frame alist
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231 This function alters the parameters of frame @var{frame} based on the
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232 elements of @var{alist}. Each element of @var{alist} has the form
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233 @code{(@var{parm} . @var{value})}, where @var{parm} is a symbol naming a
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234 parameter. If you don't mention a parameter in @var{alist}, its value
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235 doesn't change. If @var{frame} is @code{nil}, it defaults to the selected
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236 frame.
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237 @end defun
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238
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239 @defun modify-all-frames-parameters alist
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240 This function alters the frame parameters of all existing frames
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241 according to @var{alist}, then modifies @code{default-frame-alist}
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242 (and, if necessary, @code{initial-frame-alist}) to apply the same
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243 parameter values to frames that will be created henceforth.
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244 @end defun
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245
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246 @node Initial Parameters
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247 @subsection Initial Frame Parameters
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248
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249 You can specify the parameters for the initial startup frame
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250 by setting @code{initial-frame-alist} in your init file (@pxref{Init File}).
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251
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252 @defvar initial-frame-alist
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253 This variable's value is an alist of parameter values used when creating
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254 the initial window frame. You can set this variable to specify the
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255 appearance of the initial frame without altering subsequent frames.
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256 Each element has the form:
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257
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258 @example
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259 (@var{parameter} . @var{value})
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260 @end example
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261
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262 Emacs creates the initial frame before it reads your init
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263 file. After reading that file, Emacs checks @code{initial-frame-alist},
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264 and applies the parameter settings in the altered value to the already
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265 created initial frame.
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266
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267 If these settings affect the frame geometry and appearance, you'll see
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268 the frame appear with the wrong ones and then change to the specified
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269 ones. If that bothers you, you can specify the same geometry and
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270 appearance with X resources; those do take effect before the frame is
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(Initial Parameters, Resources): Fix references to the Emacs manual.
Andreas Schwab <schwab@suse.de>
diff
changeset
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271 created. @xref{X Resources,, X Resources, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}.
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272
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273 X resource settings typically apply to all frames. If you want to
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274 specify some X resources solely for the sake of the initial frame, and
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275 you don't want them to apply to subsequent frames, here's how to achieve
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276 this. Specify parameters in @code{default-frame-alist} to override the
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277 X resources for subsequent frames; then, to prevent these from affecting
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278 the initial frame, specify the same parameters in
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279 @code{initial-frame-alist} with values that match the X resources.
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280 @end defvar
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281
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282 If these parameters specify a separate minibuffer-only frame with
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283 @code{(minibuffer . nil)}, and you have not created one, Emacs creates
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284 one for you.
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285
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286 @defvar minibuffer-frame-alist
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287 This variable's value is an alist of parameter values used when creating
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288 an initial minibuffer-only frame---if such a frame is needed, according
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289 to the parameters for the main initial frame.
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290 @end defvar
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291
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292 @defvar default-frame-alist
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293 This is an alist specifying default values of frame parameters for all
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294 Emacs frames---the first frame, and subsequent frames. When using the X
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295 Window System, you can get the same results by means of X resources
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296 in many cases.
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297
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298 Setting this variable does not affect existing frames.
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299 @end defvar
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300
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301 See also @code{special-display-frame-alist}. @xref{Definition of
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302 special-display-frame-alist}.
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303
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304 If you use options that specify window appearance when you invoke Emacs,
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305 they take effect by adding elements to @code{default-frame-alist}. One
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306 exception is @samp{-geometry}, which adds the specified position to
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307 @code{initial-frame-alist} instead. @xref{Emacs Invocation,, Command
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308 Line Arguments for Emacs Invocation, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}.
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309
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310 @node Window Frame Parameters
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311 @subsection Window Frame Parameters
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312
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313 Just what parameters a frame has depends on what display mechanism
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314 it uses. This section describes the parameters that have special
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315 meanings on some or all kinds of terminals. Of these, @code{name},
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316 @code{title}, @code{height}, @code{width}, @code{buffer-list} and
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317 @code{buffer-predicate} provide meaningful information in terminal
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318 frames, and @code{tty-color-mode} is meaningful @emph{only} in
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319 terminal frames.
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320
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321 @menu
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322 * Basic Parameters:: Parameters that are fundamental.
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323 * Position Parameters:: The position of the frame on the screen.
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324 * Size Parameters:: Frame's size.
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325 * Layout Parameters:: Size of parts of the frame, and
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326 enabling or disabling some parts.
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327 * Buffer Parameters:: Which buffers have been or should be shown.
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328 * Management Parameters:: Communicating with the window manager.
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329 * Cursor Parameters:: Controlling the cursor appearance.
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330 * Color Parameters:: Colors of various parts of the frame.
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331 @end menu
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332
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333 @node Basic Parameters
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334 @subsubsection Basic Parameters
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335
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336 These frame parameters give the most basic information about the
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337 frame. @code{title} and @code{name} are meaningful on all terminals.
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338
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339 @table @code
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340 @item display
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341 The display on which to open this frame. It should be a string of the
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342 form @code{"@var{host}:@var{dpy}.@var{screen}"}, just like the
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343 @code{DISPLAY} environment variable.
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344
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345 @item display-type
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346 This parameter describes the range of possible colors that can be used
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347 in this frame. Its value is @code{color}, @code{grayscale} or
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348 @code{mono}.
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349
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350 @item title
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351 If a frame has a non-@code{nil} title, it appears in the window system's
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352 border for the frame, and also in the mode line of windows in that frame
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353 if @code{mode-line-frame-identification} uses @samp{%F}
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354 (@pxref{%-Constructs}). This is normally the case when Emacs is not
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355 using a window system, and can only display one frame at a time.
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356 @xref{Frame Titles}.
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357
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358 @item name
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359 The name of the frame. The frame name serves as a default for the frame
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360 title, if the @code{title} parameter is unspecified or @code{nil}. If
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361 you don't specify a name, Emacs sets the frame name automatically
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362 (@pxref{Frame Titles}).
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363
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364 If you specify the frame name explicitly when you create the frame, the
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365 name is also used (instead of the name of the Emacs executable) when
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366 looking up X resources for the frame.
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367 @end table
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368
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369 @node Position Parameters
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370 @subsubsection Position Parameters
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371
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372 Position parameters' values are normally measured in pixels, but on
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373 text-only terminals they count characters or lines instead.
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374
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375 @table @code
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376 @item left
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377 The screen position of the left edge, in pixels, with respect to the
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378 left edge of the screen. The value may be a positive number @var{pos},
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379 or a list of the form @code{(+ @var{pos})} which permits specifying a
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380 negative @var{pos} value.
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381
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382 A negative number @minus{}@var{pos}, or a list of the form @code{(-
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383 @var{pos})}, actually specifies the position of the right edge of the
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384 window with respect to the right edge of the screen. A positive value
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385 of @var{pos} counts toward the left. @strong{Reminder:} if the
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386 parameter is a negative integer @minus{}@var{pos}, then @var{pos} is
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387 positive.
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388
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389 Some window managers ignore program-specified positions. If you want to
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390 be sure the position you specify is not ignored, specify a
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391 non-@code{nil} value for the @code{user-position} parameter as well.
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392
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393 @item top
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394 The screen position of the top edge, in pixels, with respect to the
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395 top edge of the screen. It works just like @code{left}, except vertically
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396 instead of horizontally.
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397
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398 @item icon-left
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399 The screen position of the left edge @emph{of the frame's icon}, in
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400 pixels, counting from the left edge of the screen. This takes effect if
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401 and when the frame is iconified.
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402
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403 If you specify a value for this parameter, then you must also specify
|
|
404 a value for @code{icon-top} and vice versa. The window manager may
|
|
405 ignore these two parameters.
|
|
406
|
10220
|
407 @item icon-top
|
|
408 The screen position of the top edge @emph{of the frame's icon}, in
|
|
409 pixels, counting from the top edge of the screen. This takes effect if
|
|
410 and when the frame is iconified.
|
|
411
|
7684
|
412 @item user-position
|
14658
|
413 When you create a frame and specify its screen position with the
|
|
414 @code{left} and @code{top} parameters, use this parameter to say whether
|
|
415 the specified position was user-specified (explicitly requested in some
|
|
416 way by a human user) or merely program-specified (chosen by a program).
|
|
417 A non-@code{nil} value says the position was user-specified.
|
|
418
|
|
419 Window managers generally heed user-specified positions, and some heed
|
|
420 program-specified positions too. But many ignore program-specified
|
|
421 positions, placing the window in a default fashion or letting the user
|
|
422 place it with the mouse. Some window managers, including @code{twm},
|
|
423 let the user specify whether to obey program-specified positions or
|
|
424 ignore them.
|
|
425
|
|
426 When you call @code{make-frame}, you should specify a non-@code{nil}
|
|
427 value for this parameter if the values of the @code{left} and @code{top}
|
|
428 parameters represent the user's stated preference; otherwise, use
|
|
429 @code{nil}.
|
64873
|
430 @end table
|
6547
|
431
|
64873
|
432 @node Size Parameters
|
|
433 @subsubsection Size Parameters
|
|
434
|
|
435 Size parameters' values are normally measured in pixels, but on
|
|
436 text-only terminals they count characters or lines instead.
|
|
437
|
|
438 @table @code
|
6547
|
439 @item height
|
7174
|
440 The height of the frame contents, in characters. (To get the height in
|
|
441 pixels, call @code{frame-pixel-height}; see @ref{Size and Position}.)
|
6547
|
442
|
|
443 @item width
|
7174
|
444 The width of the frame contents, in characters. (To get the height in
|
|
445 pixels, call @code{frame-pixel-width}; see @ref{Size and Position}.)
|
6547
|
446
|
62853
|
447 @item user-size
|
|
448 This does for the size parameters @code{height} and @code{width} what
|
|
449 the @code{user-position} parameter (see above) does for the position
|
|
450 parameters @code{top} and @code{left}.
|
|
451
|
42713
|
452 @item fullscreen
|
|
453 Specify that width, height or both shall be set to the size of the screen.
|
|
454 The value @code{fullwidth} specifies that width shall be the size of the
|
|
455 screen. The value @code{fullheight} specifies that height shall be the
|
|
456 size of the screen. The value @code{fullboth} specifies that both the
|
|
457 width and the height shall be set to the size of the screen.
|
64873
|
458 @end table
|
42713
|
459
|
64873
|
460 @node Layout Parameters
|
|
461 @subsubsection Layout Parameters
|
|
462
|
|
463 These frame parameters enable or disable various parts of the
|
|
464 frame, or control their sizes.
|
|
465
|
|
466 @table @code
|
|
467 @item border-width
|
68410
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(Layout Parameters): border-width and internal-border-width belong to the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
468 The width in pixels of the frame's border.
|
64873
|
469
|
|
470 @item internal-border-width
|
68575
|
471 The distance in pixels between text (or fringe) and the frame's border.
|
64873
|
472
|
|
473 @item vertical-scroll-bars
|
|
474 Whether the frame has scroll bars for vertical scrolling, and which side
|
|
475 of the frame they should be on. The possible values are @code{left},
|
|
476 @code{right}, and @code{nil} for no scroll bars.
|
|
477
|
|
478 @ignore
|
|
479 @item horizontal-scroll-bars
|
|
480 Whether the frame has scroll bars for horizontal scrolling
|
|
481 (non-@code{nil} means yes). Horizontal scroll bars are not currently
|
|
482 implemented.
|
|
483 @end ignore
|
|
484
|
|
485 @item scroll-bar-width
|
|
486 The width of vertical scroll bars, in pixels, or @code{nil} meaning to
|
|
487 use the default width.
|
24951
|
488
|
64873
|
489 @item left-fringe
|
|
490 @itemx right-fringe
|
|
491 The default width of the left and right fringes of windows in this
|
|
492 frame (@pxref{Fringes}). If either of these is zero, that effectively
|
|
493 removes the corresponding fringe. A value of @code{nil} stands for
|
|
494 the standard fringe width, which is the width needed to display the
|
|
495 fringe bitmaps.
|
|
496
|
|
497 The combined fringe widths must add up to an integral number of
|
|
498 columns, so the actual default fringe widths for the frame may be
|
|
499 larger than the specified values. The extra width needed to reach an
|
|
500 acceptable total is distributed evenly between the left and right
|
|
501 fringe. However, you can force one fringe or the other to a precise
|
|
502 width by specifying that width as a negative integer. If both widths are
|
|
503 negative, only the left fringe gets the specified width.
|
6547
|
504
|
64873
|
505 @item menu-bar-lines
|
|
506 The number of lines to allocate at the top of the frame for a menu
|
|
507 bar. The default is 1. A value of @code{nil} means don't display a
|
|
508 menu bar. @xref{Menu Bar}. (The X toolkit and GTK allow at most one
|
|
509 menu bar line; they treat larger values as 1.)
|
|
510
|
|
511 @item tool-bar-lines
|
|
512 The number of lines to use for the tool bar. A value of @code{nil}
|
|
513 means don't display a tool bar. (GTK allows at most one tool bar line;
|
|
514 it treats larger values as 1.)
|
|
515
|
|
516 @item line-spacing
|
|
517 Additional space to leave below each text line, in pixels (a positive
|
64882
|
518 integer). @xref{Line Height}, for more information.
|
64873
|
519 @end table
|
|
520
|
|
521 @node Buffer Parameters
|
|
522 @subsubsection Buffer Parameters
|
|
523
|
|
524 These frame parameters, meaningful on all kinds of terminals, deal
|
|
525 with which buffers have been, or should, be displayed in the frame.
|
|
526
|
|
527 @table @code
|
6547
|
528 @item minibuffer
|
|
529 Whether this frame has its own minibuffer. The value @code{t} means
|
|
530 yes, @code{nil} means no, @code{only} means this frame is just a
|
12098
|
531 minibuffer. If the value is a minibuffer window (in some other frame),
|
|
532 the new frame uses that minibuffer.
|
6547
|
533
|
12067
|
534 @item buffer-predicate
|
|
535 The buffer-predicate function for this frame. The function
|
|
536 @code{other-buffer} uses this predicate (from the selected frame) to
|
|
537 decide which buffers it should consider, if the predicate is not
|
21682
|
538 @code{nil}. It calls the predicate with one argument, a buffer, once for
|
12067
|
539 each buffer; if the predicate returns a non-@code{nil} value, it
|
|
540 considers that buffer.
|
|
541
|
21007
|
542 @item buffer-list
|
21682
|
543 A list of buffers that have been selected in this frame,
|
|
544 ordered most-recently-selected first.
|
21007
|
545
|
64873
|
546 @item unsplittable
|
|
547 If non-@code{nil}, this frame's window is never split automatically.
|
|
548 @end table
|
|
549
|
|
550 @node Management Parameters
|
|
551 @subsubsection Window Management Parameters
|
|
552
|
|
553 These frame parameters, meaningful only on window system displays,
|
|
554 interact with the window manager.
|
|
555
|
|
556 @table @code
|
|
557 @item visibility
|
|
558 The state of visibility of the frame. There are three possibilities:
|
|
559 @code{nil} for invisible, @code{t} for visible, and @code{icon} for
|
|
560 iconified. @xref{Visibility of Frames}.
|
|
561
|
6547
|
562 @item auto-raise
|
|
563 Whether selecting the frame raises it (non-@code{nil} means yes).
|
|
564
|
|
565 @item auto-lower
|
|
566 Whether deselecting the frame lowers it (non-@code{nil} means yes).
|
|
567
|
|
568 @item icon-type
|
10759
|
569 The type of icon to use for this frame when it is iconified. If the
|
|
570 value is a string, that specifies a file containing a bitmap to use.
|
|
571 Any other non-@code{nil} value specifies the default bitmap icon (a
|
|
572 picture of a gnu); @code{nil} specifies a text icon.
|
6547
|
573
|
12098
|
574 @item icon-name
|
|
575 The name to use in the icon for this frame, when and if the icon
|
|
576 appears. If this is @code{nil}, the frame's title is used.
|
|
577
|
64873
|
578 @item window-id
|
|
579 The number of the window-system window used by the frame
|
|
580 to contain the actual Emacs windows.
|
|
581
|
|
582 @item outer-window-id
|
|
583 The number of the outermost window-system window used for the whole frame.
|
|
584
|
|
585 @item wait-for-wm
|
|
586 If non-@code{nil}, tell Xt to wait for the window manager to confirm
|
|
587 geometry changes. Some window managers, including versions of Fvwm2
|
|
588 and KDE, fail to confirm, so Xt hangs. Set this to @code{nil} to
|
|
589 prevent hanging with those window managers.
|
22252
|
590
|
64873
|
591 @ignore
|
|
592 @item parent-id
|
|
593 @c ??? Not yet working.
|
|
594 The X window number of the window that should be the parent of this one.
|
|
595 Specifying this lets you create an Emacs window inside some other
|
|
596 application's window. (It is not certain this will be implemented; try
|
|
597 it and see if it works.)
|
|
598 @end ignore
|
|
599 @end table
|
42752
6fce183f6920
(Window Frame Parameters): Document the new tty-color-mode parameter.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
600
|
64873
|
601 @node Cursor Parameters
|
|
602 @subsubsection Cursor Parameters
|
22252
|
603
|
64873
|
604 This frame parameter controls the way the cursor looks.
|
|
605
|
|
606 @table @code
|
6547
|
607 @item cursor-type
|
47055
|
608 How to display the cursor. Legitimate values are:
|
|
609
|
|
610 @table @code
|
|
611 @item box
|
|
612 Display a filled box. (This is the default.)
|
|
613 @item hollow
|
|
614 Display a hollow box.
|
|
615 @item nil
|
|
616 Don't display a cursor.
|
|
617 @item bar
|
|
618 Display a vertical bar between characters.
|
|
619 @item (bar . @var{width})
|
|
620 Display a vertical bar @var{width} pixels wide between characters.
|
|
621 @item hbar
|
|
622 Display a horizontal bar.
|
58257
|
623 @item (hbar . @var{height})
|
|
624 Display a horizontal bar @var{height} pixels high.
|
47055
|
625 @end table
|
64873
|
626 @end table
|
6547
|
627
|
39221
|
628 @vindex cursor-type
|
39197
|
629 The buffer-local variable @code{cursor-type} overrides the value of
|
54030
|
630 the @code{cursor-type} frame parameter, but if it is @code{t}, that
|
|
631 means to use the cursor specified for the frame.
|
39197
|
632
|
64873
|
633 @defvar blink-cursor-alist
|
|
634 This variable specifies how to blink the cursor. Each element has the
|
|
635 form @code{(@var{on-state} . @var{off-state})}. Whenever the cursor
|
|
636 type equals @var{on-state} (comparing using @code{equal}), the
|
|
637 corresponding @var{off-state} specifies what the cursor looks like
|
|
638 when it blinks ``off''. Both @var{on-state} and @var{off-state}
|
|
639 should be suitable values for the @code{cursor-type} frame parameter.
|
6547
|
640
|
64873
|
641 There are various defaults for how to blink each type of cursor, if
|
|
642 the type is not mentioned as an @var{on-state} here. Changes in this
|
|
643 variable do not take effect immediately, because the variable is
|
|
644 examined only when you specify the @code{cursor-type} parameter.
|
|
645 @end defvar
|
|
646
|
|
647 @node Color Parameters
|
|
648 @subsubsection Color Parameters
|
|
649
|
|
650 These frame parameters control the use of colors.
|
52144
|
651
|
64873
|
652 @table @code
|
|
653 @item background-mode
|
|
654 This parameter is either @code{dark} or @code{light}, according
|
|
655 to whether the background color is a light one or a dark one.
|
6547
|
656
|
64873
|
657 @item tty-color-mode
|
|
658 @cindex standard colors for character terminals
|
|
659 This parameter overrides the terminal's color support as given by the
|
|
660 system's terminal capabilities database in that this parameter's value
|
|
661 specifies the color mode to use in terminal frames. The value can be
|
|
662 either a symbol or a number. A number specifies the number of colors
|
|
663 to use (and, indirectly, what commands to issue to produce each
|
|
664 color). For example, @code{(tty-color-mode . 8)} specifies use of the
|
|
665 ANSI escape sequences for 8 standard text colors. A value of -1 turns
|
|
666 off color support.
|
6547
|
667
|
64873
|
668 If the parameter's value is a symbol, it specifies a number through
|
|
669 the value of @code{tty-color-mode-alist}, and the associated number is
|
|
670 used instead.
|
6547
|
671
|
25751
|
672 @item screen-gamma
|
31375
|
673 @cindex gamma correction
|
43578
|
674 If this is a number, Emacs performs ``gamma correction'' which adjusts
|
|
675 the brightness of all colors. The value should be the screen gamma of
|
|
676 your display, a floating point number.
|
|
677
|
|
678 Usual PC monitors have a screen gamma of 2.2, so color values in
|
|
679 Emacs, and in X windows generally, are calibrated to display properly
|
|
680 on a monitor with that gamma value. If you specify 2.2 for
|
|
681 @code{screen-gamma}, that means no correction is needed. Other values
|
|
682 request correction, designed to make the corrected colors appear on
|
56535
|
683 your screen the way they would have appeared without correction on an
|
43578
|
684 ordinary monitor with a gamma value of 2.2.
|
|
685
|
|
686 If your monitor displays colors too light, you should specify a
|
|
687 @code{screen-gamma} value smaller than 2.2. This requests correction
|
|
688 that makes colors darker. A screen gamma value of 1.5 may give good
|
|
689 results for LCD color displays.
|
6547
|
690 @end table
|
|
691
|
52144
|
692 These frame parameters are semi-obsolete in that they are automatically
|
|
693 equivalent to particular face attributes of particular faces.
|
|
694
|
|
695 @table @code
|
|
696 @item font
|
|
697 The name of the font for displaying text in the frame. This is a
|
|
698 string, either a valid font name for your system or the name of an Emacs
|
|
699 fontset (@pxref{Fontsets}). It is equivalent to the @code{font}
|
|
700 attribute of the @code{default} face.
|
|
701
|
|
702 @item foreground-color
|
|
703 The color to use for the image of a character. It is equivalent to
|
|
704 the @code{:foreground} attribute of the @code{default} face.
|
|
705
|
|
706 @item background-color
|
|
707 The color to use for the background of characters. It is equivalent to
|
|
708 the @code{:background} attribute of the @code{default} face.
|
|
709
|
|
710 @item mouse-color
|
|
711 The color for the mouse pointer. It is equivalent to the @code{:background}
|
|
712 attribute of the @code{mouse} face.
|
|
713
|
|
714 @item cursor-color
|
|
715 The color for the cursor that shows point. It is equivalent to the
|
|
716 @code{:background} attribute of the @code{cursor} face.
|
|
717
|
|
718 @item border-color
|
|
719 The color for the border of the frame. It is equivalent to the
|
|
720 @code{:background} attribute of the @code{border} face.
|
|
721
|
|
722 @item scroll-bar-foreground
|
|
723 If non-@code{nil}, the color for the foreground of scroll bars. It is
|
|
724 equivalent to the @code{:foreground} attribute of the
|
|
725 @code{scroll-bar} face.
|
|
726
|
|
727 @item scroll-bar-background
|
|
728 If non-@code{nil}, the color for the background of scroll bars. It is
|
|
729 equivalent to the @code{:background} attribute of the
|
|
730 @code{scroll-bar} face.
|
|
731 @end table
|
|
732
|
7174
|
733 @node Size and Position
|
6547
|
734 @subsection Frame Size And Position
|
22252
|
735 @cindex size of frame
|
|
736 @cindex screen size
|
|
737 @cindex frame size
|
|
738 @cindex resize frame
|
6547
|
739
|
|
740 You can read or change the size and position of a frame using the
|
8427
|
741 frame parameters @code{left}, @code{top}, @code{height}, and
|
7684
|
742 @code{width}. Whatever geometry parameters you don't specify are chosen
|
|
743 by the window manager in its usual fashion.
|
6547
|
744
|
39402
|
745 Here are some special features for working with sizes and positions.
|
|
746 (For the precise meaning of ``selected frame'' used by these functions,
|
|
747 see @ref{Input Focus}.)
|
6547
|
748
|
|
749 @defun set-frame-position frame left top
|
12098
|
750 This function sets the position of the top left corner of @var{frame} to
|
|
751 @var{left} and @var{top}. These arguments are measured in pixels, and
|
22252
|
752 normally count from the top left corner of the screen.
|
|
753
|
|
754 Negative parameter values position the bottom edge of the window up from
|
|
755 the bottom edge of the screen, or the right window edge to the left of
|
|
756 the right edge of the screen. It would probably be better if the values
|
|
757 were always counted from the left and top, so that negative arguments
|
|
758 would position the frame partly off the top or left edge of the screen,
|
|
759 but it seems inadvisable to change that now.
|
6547
|
760 @end defun
|
|
761
|
|
762 @defun frame-height &optional frame
|
|
763 @defunx frame-width &optional frame
|
|
764 These functions return the height and width of @var{frame}, measured in
|
22252
|
765 lines and columns. If you don't supply @var{frame}, they use the
|
|
766 selected frame.
|
|
767 @end defun
|
|
768
|
|
769 @defun screen-height
|
|
770 @defunx screen-width
|
|
771 These functions are old aliases for @code{frame-height} and
|
|
772 @code{frame-width}. When you are using a non-window terminal, the size
|
|
773 of the frame is normally the same as the size of the terminal screen.
|
6547
|
774 @end defun
|
|
775
|
|
776 @defun frame-pixel-height &optional frame
|
|
777 @defunx frame-pixel-width &optional frame
|
|
778 These functions return the height and width of @var{frame}, measured in
|
|
779 pixels. If you don't supply @var{frame}, they use the selected frame.
|
|
780 @end defun
|
|
781
|
|
782 @defun frame-char-height &optional frame
|
|
783 @defunx frame-char-width &optional frame
|
8427
|
784 These functions return the height and width of a character in
|
|
785 @var{frame}, measured in pixels. The values depend on the choice of
|
|
786 font. If you don't supply @var{frame}, these functions use the selected
|
|
787 frame.
|
6547
|
788 @end defun
|
|
789
|
|
790 @defun set-frame-size frame cols rows
|
7174
|
791 This function sets the size of @var{frame}, measured in characters;
|
|
792 @var{cols} and @var{rows} specify the new width and height.
|
6547
|
793
|
7174
|
794 To set the size based on values measured in pixels, use
|
|
795 @code{frame-char-height} and @code{frame-char-width} to convert
|
|
796 them to units of characters.
|
6547
|
797 @end defun
|
|
798
|
22252
|
799 @defun set-frame-height frame lines &optional pretend
|
|
800 This function resizes @var{frame} to a height of @var{lines} lines. The
|
|
801 sizes of existing windows in @var{frame} are altered proportionally to
|
|
802 fit.
|
|
803
|
|
804 If @var{pretend} is non-@code{nil}, then Emacs displays @var{lines}
|
|
805 lines of output in @var{frame}, but does not change its value for the
|
|
806 actual height of the frame. This is only useful for a terminal frame.
|
|
807 Using a smaller height than the terminal actually implements may be
|
|
808 useful to reproduce behavior observed on a smaller screen, or if the
|
|
809 terminal malfunctions when using its whole screen. Setting the frame
|
|
810 height ``for real'' does not always work, because knowing the correct
|
|
811 actual size may be necessary for correct cursor positioning on a
|
|
812 terminal frame.
|
|
813 @end defun
|
|
814
|
|
815 @defun set-frame-width frame width &optional pretend
|
|
816 This function sets the width of @var{frame}, measured in characters.
|
|
817 The argument @var{pretend} has the same meaning as in
|
|
818 @code{set-frame-height}.
|
|
819 @end defun
|
|
820
|
|
821 @findex set-screen-height
|
|
822 @findex set-screen-width
|
22267
|
823 The older functions @code{set-screen-height} and
|
|
824 @code{set-screen-width} were used to specify the height and width of the
|
|
825 screen, in Emacs versions that did not support multiple frames. They
|
|
826 are semi-obsolete, but still work; they apply to the selected frame.
|
6547
|
827
|
64882
|
828 @node Geometry
|
|
829 @subsection Geometry
|
|
830
|
|
831 Here's how to examine the data in an X-style window geometry
|
|
832 specification:
|
|
833
|
6547
|
834 @defun x-parse-geometry geom
|
|
835 @cindex geometry specification
|
22252
|
836 The function @code{x-parse-geometry} converts a standard X window
|
8427
|
837 geometry string to an alist that you can use as part of the argument to
|
6547
|
838 @code{make-frame}.
|
|
839
|
|
840 The alist describes which parameters were specified in @var{geom}, and
|
|
841 gives the values specified for them. Each element looks like
|
|
842 @code{(@var{parameter} . @var{value})}. The possible @var{parameter}
|
|
843 values are @code{left}, @code{top}, @code{width}, and @code{height}.
|
|
844
|
12067
|
845 For the size parameters, the value must be an integer. The position
|
|
846 parameter names @code{left} and @code{top} are not totally accurate,
|
|
847 because some values indicate the position of the right or bottom edges
|
|
848 instead. These are the @var{value} possibilities for the position
|
|
849 parameters:
|
|
850
|
|
851 @table @asis
|
|
852 @item an integer
|
|
853 A positive integer relates the left edge or top edge of the window to
|
|
854 the left or top edge of the screen. A negative integer relates the
|
|
855 right or bottom edge of the window to the right or bottom edge of the
|
|
856 screen.
|
|
857
|
12098
|
858 @item @code{(+ @var{position})}
|
12067
|
859 This specifies the position of the left or top edge of the window
|
|
860 relative to the left or top edge of the screen. The integer
|
|
861 @var{position} may be positive or negative; a negative value specifies a
|
|
862 position outside the screen.
|
|
863
|
12098
|
864 @item @code{(- @var{position})}
|
12067
|
865 This specifies the position of the right or bottom edge of the window
|
|
866 relative to the right or bottom edge of the screen. The integer
|
|
867 @var{position} may be positive or negative; a negative value specifies a
|
|
868 position outside the screen.
|
|
869 @end table
|
|
870
|
|
871 Here is an example:
|
|
872
|
12098
|
873 @example
|
6547
|
874 (x-parse-geometry "35x70+0-0")
|
22252
|
875 @result{} ((height . 70) (width . 35)
|
|
876 (top - 0) (left . 0))
|
12098
|
877 @end example
|
6547
|
878 @end defun
|
|
879
|
12067
|
880 @node Frame Titles
|
|
881 @section Frame Titles
|
|
882
|
21682
|
883 Every frame has a @code{name} parameter; this serves as the default
|
|
884 for the frame title which window systems typically display at the top of
|
|
885 the frame. You can specify a name explicitly by setting the @code{name}
|
|
886 frame property.
|
12067
|
887
|
21682
|
888 Normally you don't specify the name explicitly, and Emacs computes the
|
|
889 frame name automatically based on a template stored in the variable
|
|
890 @code{frame-title-format}. Emacs recomputes the name each time the
|
|
891 frame is redisplayed.
|
12067
|
892
|
|
893 @defvar frame-title-format
|
21682
|
894 This variable specifies how to compute a name for a frame when you have
|
|
895 not explicitly specified one. The variable's value is actually a mode
|
|
896 line construct, just like @code{mode-line-format}. @xref{Mode Line
|
|
897 Data}.
|
12067
|
898 @end defvar
|
|
899
|
|
900 @defvar icon-title-format
|
21682
|
901 This variable specifies how to compute the name for an iconified frame,
|
12067
|
902 when you have not explicitly specified the frame title. This title
|
|
903 appears in the icon itself.
|
|
904 @end defvar
|
|
905
|
|
906 @defvar multiple-frames
|
|
907 This variable is set automatically by Emacs. Its value is @code{t} when
|
|
908 there are two or more frames (not counting minibuffer-only frames or
|
|
909 invisible frames). The default value of @code{frame-title-format} uses
|
|
910 @code{multiple-frames} so as to put the buffer name in the frame title
|
|
911 only when there is more than one frame.
|
56535
|
912
|
|
913 The value of this variable is not guaranteed to be accurate except
|
|
914 while processing @code{frame-title-format} or
|
|
915 @code{icon-title-format}.
|
12067
|
916 @end defvar
|
|
917
|
6547
|
918 @node Deleting Frames
|
|
919 @section Deleting Frames
|
|
920 @cindex deletion of frames
|
|
921
|
|
922 Frames remain potentially visible until you explicitly @dfn{delete}
|
|
923 them. A deleted frame cannot appear on the screen, but continues to
|
56535
|
924 exist as a Lisp object until there are no references to it.
|
6547
|
925
|
26388
|
926 @deffn Command delete-frame &optional frame force
|
52144
|
927 @vindex delete-frame-functions
|
56535
|
928 This function deletes the frame @var{frame}. Unless @var{frame} is a
|
|
929 tooltip, it first runs the hook @code{delete-frame-functions} (each
|
|
930 function gets one argument, @var{frame}). By default, @var{frame} is
|
|
931 the selected frame.
|
26388
|
932
|
|
933 A frame cannot be deleted if its minibuffer is used by other frames.
|
|
934 Normally, you cannot delete a frame if all other frames are invisible,
|
|
935 but if the @var{force} is non-@code{nil}, then you are allowed to do so.
|
6547
|
936 @end deffn
|
|
937
|
|
938 @defun frame-live-p frame
|
|
939 The function @code{frame-live-p} returns non-@code{nil} if the frame
|
56535
|
940 @var{frame} has not been deleted. The possible non-@code{nil} return
|
|
941 values are like those of @code{framep}. @xref{Frames}.
|
6547
|
942 @end defun
|
|
943
|
12067
|
944 Some window managers provide a command to delete a window. These work
|
12125
|
945 by sending a special message to the program that operates the window.
|
12067
|
946 When Emacs gets one of these commands, it generates a
|
|
947 @code{delete-frame} event, whose normal definition is a command that
|
|
948 calls the function @code{delete-frame}. @xref{Misc Events}.
|
|
949
|
6547
|
950 @node Finding All Frames
|
|
951 @section Finding All Frames
|
|
952
|
|
953 @defun frame-list
|
|
954 The function @code{frame-list} returns a list of all the frames that
|
|
955 have not been deleted. It is analogous to @code{buffer-list} for
|
39504
|
956 buffers, and includes frames on all terminals. The list that you get is
|
|
957 newly created, so modifying the list doesn't have any effect on the
|
|
958 internals of Emacs.
|
6547
|
959 @end defun
|
|
960
|
|
961 @defun visible-frame-list
|
|
962 This function returns a list of just the currently visible frames.
|
12067
|
963 @xref{Visibility of Frames}. (Terminal frames always count as
|
|
964 ``visible'', even though only the selected one is actually displayed.)
|
6547
|
965 @end defun
|
|
966
|
|
967 @defun next-frame &optional frame minibuf
|
|
968 The function @code{next-frame} lets you cycle conveniently through all
|
39504
|
969 the frames on the current display from an arbitrary starting point. It
|
|
970 returns the ``next'' frame after @var{frame} in the cycle. If
|
|
971 @var{frame} is omitted or @code{nil}, it defaults to the selected frame
|
|
972 (@pxref{Input Focus}).
|
6547
|
973
|
|
974 The second argument, @var{minibuf}, says which frames to consider:
|
|
975
|
|
976 @table @asis
|
|
977 @item @code{nil}
|
|
978 Exclude minibuffer-only frames.
|
|
979 @item @code{visible}
|
|
980 Consider all visible frames.
|
12098
|
981 @item 0
|
|
982 Consider all visible or iconified frames.
|
6547
|
983 @item a window
|
|
984 Consider only the frames using that particular window as their
|
|
985 minibuffer.
|
|
986 @item anything else
|
|
987 Consider all frames.
|
|
988 @end table
|
|
989 @end defun
|
|
990
|
|
991 @defun previous-frame &optional frame minibuf
|
|
992 Like @code{next-frame}, but cycles through all frames in the opposite
|
|
993 direction.
|
|
994 @end defun
|
|
995
|
12098
|
996 See also @code{next-window} and @code{previous-window}, in @ref{Cyclic
|
|
997 Window Ordering}.
|
|
998
|
6547
|
999 @node Frames and Windows
|
|
1000 @section Frames and Windows
|
|
1001
|
7174
|
1002 Each window is part of one and only one frame; you can get the frame
|
|
1003 with @code{window-frame}.
|
6547
|
1004
|
|
1005 @defun window-frame window
|
|
1006 This function returns the frame that @var{window} is on.
|
|
1007 @end defun
|
|
1008
|
7174
|
1009 All the non-minibuffer windows in a frame are arranged in a cyclic
|
|
1010 order. The order runs from the frame's top window, which is at the
|
|
1011 upper left corner, down and to the right, until it reaches the window at
|
|
1012 the lower right corner (always the minibuffer window, if the frame has
|
21007
|
1013 one), and then it moves back to the top. @xref{Cyclic Window Ordering}.
|
7174
|
1014
|
54030
|
1015 @defun frame-first-window &optional frame
|
7174
|
1016 This returns the topmost, leftmost window of frame @var{frame}.
|
54030
|
1017 If omitted or @code{nil}, @var{frame} defaults to the selected frame.
|
7174
|
1018 @end defun
|
|
1019
|
6547
|
1020 At any time, exactly one window on any frame is @dfn{selected within the
|
|
1021 frame}. The significance of this designation is that selecting the
|
|
1022 frame also selects this window. You can get the frame's current
|
|
1023 selected window with @code{frame-selected-window}.
|
|
1024
|
54030
|
1025 @defun frame-selected-window &optional frame
|
56535
|
1026 This function returns the window on @var{frame} that is selected
|
|
1027 within @var{frame}. If omitted or @code{nil}, @var{frame} defaults to
|
|
1028 the selected frame.
|
6547
|
1029 @end defun
|
|
1030
|
53426
adae6745b4c9
(Frames and Windows): Add set-frame-selected-window and frame-root-window.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1031 @defun set-frame-selected-window frame window
|
adae6745b4c9
(Frames and Windows): Add set-frame-selected-window and frame-root-window.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1032 This sets the selected window of frame @var{frame} to @var{window}.
|
adae6745b4c9
(Frames and Windows): Add set-frame-selected-window and frame-root-window.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1033 If @var{frame} is @code{nil}, it operates on the selected frame. If
|
adae6745b4c9
(Frames and Windows): Add set-frame-selected-window and frame-root-window.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1034 @var{frame} is the selected frame, this makes @var{window} the
|
56535
|
1035 selected window. This function returns @var{window}.
|
53426
adae6745b4c9
(Frames and Windows): Add set-frame-selected-window and frame-root-window.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1036 @end defun
|
adae6745b4c9
(Frames and Windows): Add set-frame-selected-window and frame-root-window.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1037
|
21682
|
1038 Conversely, selecting a window for Emacs with @code{select-window} also
|
6547
|
1039 makes that window selected within its frame. @xref{Selecting Windows}.
|
|
1040
|
21682
|
1041 Another function that (usually) returns one of the windows in a given
|
56535
|
1042 frame is @code{minibuffer-window}. @xref{Definition of minibuffer-window}.
|
12098
|
1043
|
6547
|
1044 @node Minibuffers and Frames
|
|
1045 @section Minibuffers and Frames
|
|
1046
|
|
1047 Normally, each frame has its own minibuffer window at the bottom, which
|
|
1048 is used whenever that frame is selected. If the frame has a minibuffer,
|
56535
|
1049 you can get it with @code{minibuffer-window} (@pxref{Definition of
|
|
1050 minibuffer-window}).
|
6547
|
1051
|
|
1052 However, you can also create a frame with no minibuffer. Such a frame
|
|
1053 must use the minibuffer window of some other frame. When you create the
|
12098
|
1054 frame, you can specify explicitly the minibuffer window to use (in some
|
|
1055 other frame). If you don't, then the minibuffer is found in the frame
|
|
1056 which is the value of the variable @code{default-minibuffer-frame}. Its
|
|
1057 value should be a frame that does have a minibuffer.
|
6547
|
1058
|
|
1059 If you use a minibuffer-only frame, you might want that frame to raise
|
|
1060 when you enter the minibuffer. If so, set the variable
|
|
1061 @code{minibuffer-auto-raise} to @code{t}. @xref{Raising and Lowering}.
|
|
1062
|
12067
|
1063 @defvar default-minibuffer-frame
|
|
1064 This variable specifies the frame to use for the minibuffer window, by
|
56535
|
1065 default. It does not affect existing frames. It is always local to
|
|
1066 the current terminal and cannot be buffer-local. @xref{Multiple
|
|
1067 Displays}.
|
12067
|
1068 @end defvar
|
|
1069
|
6547
|
1070 @node Input Focus
|
|
1071 @section Input Focus
|
|
1072 @cindex input focus
|
|
1073 @cindex selected frame
|
|
1074
|
|
1075 At any time, one frame in Emacs is the @dfn{selected frame}. The selected
|
|
1076 window always resides on the selected frame.
|
|
1077
|
39402
|
1078 When Emacs displays its frames on several terminals (@pxref{Multiple
|
|
1079 Displays}), each terminal has its own selected frame. But only one of
|
|
1080 these is ``@emph{the} selected frame'': it's the frame that belongs to
|
|
1081 the terminal from which the most recent input came. That is, when Emacs
|
|
1082 runs a command that came from a certain terminal, the selected frame is
|
|
1083 the one of that terminal. Since Emacs runs only a single command at any
|
|
1084 given time, it needs to consider only one selected frame at a time; this
|
|
1085 frame is what we call @dfn{the selected frame} in this manual. The
|
|
1086 display on which the selected frame is displayed is the @dfn{selected
|
|
1087 frame's display}.
|
|
1088
|
6547
|
1089 @defun selected-frame
|
|
1090 This function returns the selected frame.
|
|
1091 @end defun
|
|
1092
|
21682
|
1093 Some window systems and window managers direct keyboard input to the
|
|
1094 window object that the mouse is in; others require explicit clicks or
|
|
1095 commands to @dfn{shift the focus} to various window objects. Either
|
56338
fa931ffb96c8
(Input Focus): Add documentation for `select-frame-set-input-focus'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1096 way, Emacs automatically keeps track of which frame has the focus. To
|
56366
|
1097 switch to a different frame from a Lisp function, call
|
56338
fa931ffb96c8
(Input Focus): Add documentation for `select-frame-set-input-focus'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1098 @code{select-frame-set-input-focus}.
|
6547
|
1099
|
21682
|
1100 Lisp programs can also switch frames ``temporarily'' by calling the
|
|
1101 function @code{select-frame}. This does not alter the window system's
|
|
1102 concept of focus; rather, it escapes from the window manager's control
|
|
1103 until that control is somehow reasserted.
|
6547
|
1104
|
56338
fa931ffb96c8
(Input Focus): Add documentation for `select-frame-set-input-focus'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1105 When using a text-only terminal, only one frame can be displayed at a
|
56371
48a83b7f435a
(Input Focus): Clarify descriptions of `select-frame-set-input-focus'
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1106 time on the terminal, so after a call to @code{select-frame}, the next
|
48a83b7f435a
(Input Focus): Clarify descriptions of `select-frame-set-input-focus'
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1107 redisplay actually displays the newly selected frame. This frame
|
56380
|
1108 remains selected until a subsequent call to @code{select-frame} or
|
56371
48a83b7f435a
(Input Focus): Clarify descriptions of `select-frame-set-input-focus'
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1109 @code{select-frame-set-input-focus}. Each terminal frame has a number
|
48a83b7f435a
(Input Focus): Clarify descriptions of `select-frame-set-input-focus'
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1110 which appears in the mode line before the buffer name (@pxref{Mode
|
48a83b7f435a
(Input Focus): Clarify descriptions of `select-frame-set-input-focus'
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1111 Line Variables}).
|
56338
fa931ffb96c8
(Input Focus): Add documentation for `select-frame-set-input-focus'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1112
|
fa931ffb96c8
(Input Focus): Add documentation for `select-frame-set-input-focus'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1113 @defun select-frame-set-input-focus frame
|
fa931ffb96c8
(Input Focus): Add documentation for `select-frame-set-input-focus'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1114 This function makes @var{frame} the selected frame, raises it (should
|
fa931ffb96c8
(Input Focus): Add documentation for `select-frame-set-input-focus'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1115 it happen to be obscured by other frames) and tries to give it the X
|
56371
48a83b7f435a
(Input Focus): Clarify descriptions of `select-frame-set-input-focus'
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1116 server's focus. On a text-only terminal, the next redisplay displays
|
48a83b7f435a
(Input Focus): Clarify descriptions of `select-frame-set-input-focus'
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1117 the new frame on the entire terminal screen. The return value of this
|
48a83b7f435a
(Input Focus): Clarify descriptions of `select-frame-set-input-focus'
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1118 function is not significant.
|
56338
fa931ffb96c8
(Input Focus): Add documentation for `select-frame-set-input-focus'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1119 @end defun
|
12067
|
1120
|
6547
|
1121 @c ??? This is not yet implemented properly.
|
|
1122 @defun select-frame frame
|
|
1123 This function selects frame @var{frame}, temporarily disregarding the
|
12067
|
1124 focus of the X server if any. The selection of @var{frame} lasts until
|
|
1125 the next time the user does something to select a different frame, or
|
56535
|
1126 until the next time this function is called. (If you are using a
|
|
1127 window system, the previously selected frame may be restored as the
|
|
1128 selected frame after return to the command loop, because it still may
|
|
1129 have the window system's input focus.) The specified @var{frame}
|
39402
|
1130 becomes the selected frame, as explained above, and the terminal that
|
56371
48a83b7f435a
(Input Focus): Clarify descriptions of `select-frame-set-input-focus'
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1131 @var{frame} is on becomes the selected terminal. This function
|
48a83b7f435a
(Input Focus): Clarify descriptions of `select-frame-set-input-focus'
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1132 returns @var{frame}, or @code{nil} if @var{frame} has been deleted.
|
39402
|
1133
|
|
1134 In general, you should never use @code{select-frame} in a way that could
|
|
1135 switch to a different terminal without switching back when you're done.
|
6547
|
1136 @end defun
|
|
1137
|
21682
|
1138 Emacs cooperates with the window system by arranging to select frames as
|
|
1139 the server and window manager request. It does so by generating a
|
|
1140 special kind of input event, called a @dfn{focus} event, when
|
|
1141 appropriate. The command loop handles a focus event by calling
|
13155
|
1142 @code{handle-switch-frame}. @xref{Focus Events}.
|
6547
|
1143
|
|
1144 @deffn Command handle-switch-frame frame
|
|
1145 This function handles a focus event by selecting frame @var{frame}.
|
|
1146
|
|
1147 Focus events normally do their job by invoking this command.
|
|
1148 Don't call it for any other reason.
|
|
1149 @end deffn
|
|
1150
|
54030
|
1151 @defun redirect-frame-focus frame &optional focus-frame
|
6547
|
1152 This function redirects focus from @var{frame} to @var{focus-frame}.
|
21007
|
1153 This means that @var{focus-frame} will receive subsequent keystrokes and
|
|
1154 events intended for @var{frame}. After such an event, the value of
|
6547
|
1155 @code{last-event-frame} will be @var{focus-frame}. Also, switch-frame
|
|
1156 events specifying @var{frame} will instead select @var{focus-frame}.
|
|
1157
|
54030
|
1158 If @var{focus-frame} is omitted or @code{nil}, that cancels any existing
|
6547
|
1159 redirection for @var{frame}, which therefore once again receives its own
|
|
1160 events.
|
|
1161
|
|
1162 One use of focus redirection is for frames that don't have minibuffers.
|
|
1163 These frames use minibuffers on other frames. Activating a minibuffer
|
|
1164 on another frame redirects focus to that frame. This puts the focus on
|
|
1165 the minibuffer's frame, where it belongs, even though the mouse remains
|
8427
|
1166 in the frame that activated the minibuffer.
|
6547
|
1167
|
|
1168 Selecting a frame can also change focus redirections. Selecting frame
|
|
1169 @code{bar}, when @code{foo} had been selected, changes any redirections
|
|
1170 pointing to @code{foo} so that they point to @code{bar} instead. This
|
|
1171 allows focus redirection to work properly when the user switches from
|
|
1172 one frame to another using @code{select-window}.
|
|
1173
|
|
1174 This means that a frame whose focus is redirected to itself is treated
|
|
1175 differently from a frame whose focus is not redirected.
|
|
1176 @code{select-frame} affects the former but not the latter.
|
|
1177
|
|
1178 The redirection lasts until @code{redirect-frame-focus} is called to
|
|
1179 change it.
|
|
1180 @end defun
|
|
1181
|
22138
|
1182 @defopt focus-follows-mouse
|
21682
|
1183 This option is how you inform Emacs whether the window manager transfers
|
|
1184 focus when the user moves the mouse. Non-@code{nil} says that it does.
|
|
1185 When this is so, the command @code{other-frame} moves the mouse to a
|
|
1186 position consistent with the new selected frame.
|
|
1187 @end defopt
|
|
1188
|
6547
|
1189 @node Visibility of Frames
|
|
1190 @section Visibility of Frames
|
|
1191 @cindex visible frame
|
|
1192 @cindex invisible frame
|
|
1193 @cindex iconified frame
|
|
1194 @cindex frame visibility
|
|
1195
|
21682
|
1196 A window frame may be @dfn{visible}, @dfn{invisible}, or
|
12067
|
1197 @dfn{iconified}. If it is visible, you can see its contents. If it is
|
|
1198 iconified, the frame's contents do not appear on the screen, but an icon
|
|
1199 does. If the frame is invisible, it doesn't show on the screen, not
|
|
1200 even as an icon.
|
|
1201
|
|
1202 Visibility is meaningless for terminal frames, since only the selected
|
|
1203 one is actually displayed in any case.
|
6547
|
1204
|
|
1205 @deffn Command make-frame-visible &optional frame
|
|
1206 This function makes frame @var{frame} visible. If you omit @var{frame},
|
|
1207 it makes the selected frame visible.
|
|
1208 @end deffn
|
|
1209
|
56535
|
1210 @deffn Command make-frame-invisible &optional frame force
|
6547
|
1211 This function makes frame @var{frame} invisible. If you omit
|
|
1212 @var{frame}, it makes the selected frame invisible.
|
56535
|
1213
|
|
1214 Unless @var{force} is non-@code{nil}, this function refuses to make
|
|
1215 @var{frame} invisible if all other frames are invisible..
|
6547
|
1216 @end deffn
|
|
1217
|
|
1218 @deffn Command iconify-frame &optional frame
|
|
1219 This function iconifies frame @var{frame}. If you omit @var{frame}, it
|
|
1220 iconifies the selected frame.
|
|
1221 @end deffn
|
|
1222
|
|
1223 @defun frame-visible-p frame
|
|
1224 This returns the visibility status of frame @var{frame}. The value is
|
|
1225 @code{t} if @var{frame} is visible, @code{nil} if it is invisible, and
|
|
1226 @code{icon} if it is iconified.
|
56535
|
1227
|
|
1228 On a text-only terminal, all frames are considered visible, whether
|
|
1229 they are currently being displayed or not, and this function returns
|
|
1230 @code{t} for all frames.
|
6547
|
1231 @end defun
|
|
1232
|
|
1233 The visibility status of a frame is also available as a frame
|
64873
|
1234 parameter. You can read or change it as such. @xref{Management
|
6547
|
1235 Parameters}.
|
|
1236
|
12067
|
1237 The user can iconify and deiconify frames with the window manager.
|
|
1238 This happens below the level at which Emacs can exert any control, but
|
|
1239 Emacs does provide events that you can use to keep track of such
|
|
1240 changes. @xref{Misc Events}.
|
|
1241
|
6547
|
1242 @node Raising and Lowering
|
|
1243 @section Raising and Lowering Frames
|
|
1244
|
21682
|
1245 Most window systems use a desktop metaphor. Part of this metaphor is
|
6547
|
1246 the idea that windows are stacked in a notional third dimension
|
|
1247 perpendicular to the screen surface, and thus ordered from ``highest''
|
21682
|
1248 to ``lowest''. Where two windows overlap, the one higher up covers
|
|
1249 the one underneath. Even a window at the bottom of the stack can be
|
|
1250 seen if no other window overlaps it.
|
6547
|
1251
|
|
1252 @cindex raising a frame
|
|
1253 @cindex lowering a frame
|
21682
|
1254 A window's place in this ordering is not fixed; in fact, users tend
|
|
1255 to change the order frequently. @dfn{Raising} a window means moving
|
|
1256 it ``up'', to the top of the stack. @dfn{Lowering} a window means
|
21007
|
1257 moving it to the bottom of the stack. This motion is in the notional
|
21682
|
1258 third dimension only, and does not change the position of the window
|
21007
|
1259 on the screen.
|
6547
|
1260
|
21682
|
1261 You can raise and lower Emacs frame Windows with these functions:
|
6547
|
1262
|
22138
|
1263 @deffn Command raise-frame &optional frame
|
|
1264 This function raises frame @var{frame} (default, the selected frame).
|
56535
|
1265 If @var{frame} is invisible or iconified, this makes it visible.
|
12067
|
1266 @end deffn
|
6547
|
1267
|
22138
|
1268 @deffn Command lower-frame &optional frame
|
|
1269 This function lowers frame @var{frame} (default, the selected frame).
|
12067
|
1270 @end deffn
|
6547
|
1271
|
|
1272 @defopt minibuffer-auto-raise
|
|
1273 If this is non-@code{nil}, activation of the minibuffer raises the frame
|
|
1274 that the minibuffer window is in.
|
|
1275 @end defopt
|
|
1276
|
|
1277 You can also enable auto-raise (raising automatically when a frame is
|
|
1278 selected) or auto-lower (lowering automatically when it is deselected)
|
64873
|
1279 for any frame using frame parameters. @xref{Management Parameters}.
|
6547
|
1280
|
|
1281 @node Frame Configurations
|
|
1282 @section Frame Configurations
|
|
1283 @cindex frame configuration
|
|
1284
|
|
1285 A @dfn{frame configuration} records the current arrangement of frames,
|
|
1286 all their properties, and the window configuration of each one.
|
21682
|
1287 (@xref{Window Configurations}.)
|
6547
|
1288
|
|
1289 @defun current-frame-configuration
|
8427
|
1290 This function returns a frame configuration list that describes
|
6547
|
1291 the current arrangement of frames and their contents.
|
|
1292 @end defun
|
|
1293
|
26388
|
1294 @defun set-frame-configuration configuration &optional nodelete
|
6547
|
1295 This function restores the state of frames described in
|
56535
|
1296 @var{configuration}. However, this function does not restore deleted
|
|
1297 frames.
|
26388
|
1298
|
|
1299 Ordinarily, this function deletes all existing frames not listed in
|
|
1300 @var{configuration}. But if @var{nodelete} is non-@code{nil}, the
|
|
1301 unwanted frames are iconified instead.
|
6547
|
1302 @end defun
|
|
1303
|
|
1304 @node Mouse Tracking
|
|
1305 @section Mouse Tracking
|
|
1306 @cindex mouse tracking
|
|
1307 @cindex tracking the mouse
|
|
1308
|
8427
|
1309 Sometimes it is useful to @dfn{track} the mouse, which means to display
|
6547
|
1310 something to indicate where the mouse is and move the indicator as the
|
|
1311 mouse moves. For efficient mouse tracking, you need a way to wait until
|
|
1312 the mouse actually moves.
|
|
1313
|
|
1314 The convenient way to track the mouse is to ask for events to represent
|
|
1315 mouse motion. Then you can wait for motion by waiting for an event. In
|
|
1316 addition, you can easily handle any other sorts of events that may
|
|
1317 occur. That is useful, because normally you don't want to track the
|
|
1318 mouse forever---only until some other event, such as the release of a
|
|
1319 button.
|
|
1320
|
|
1321 @defspec track-mouse body@dots{}
|
21682
|
1322 This special form executes @var{body}, with generation of mouse motion
|
|
1323 events enabled. Typically @var{body} would use @code{read-event} to
|
|
1324 read the motion events and modify the display accordingly. @xref{Motion
|
|
1325 Events}, for the format of mouse motion events.
|
6547
|
1326
|
|
1327 The value of @code{track-mouse} is that of the last form in @var{body}.
|
21682
|
1328 You should design @var{body} to return when it sees the up-event that
|
|
1329 indicates the release of the button, or whatever kind of event means
|
|
1330 it is time to stop tracking.
|
6547
|
1331 @end defspec
|
|
1332
|
|
1333 The usual purpose of tracking mouse motion is to indicate on the screen
|
|
1334 the consequences of pushing or releasing a button at the current
|
|
1335 position.
|
|
1336
|
12098
|
1337 In many cases, you can avoid the need to track the mouse by using
|
|
1338 the @code{mouse-face} text property (@pxref{Special Properties}).
|
|
1339 That works at a much lower level and runs more smoothly than
|
|
1340 Lisp-level mouse tracking.
|
|
1341
|
6547
|
1342 @ignore
|
|
1343 @c These are not implemented yet.
|
|
1344
|
|
1345 These functions change the screen appearance instantaneously. The
|
|
1346 effect is transient, only until the next ordinary Emacs redisplay. That
|
21682
|
1347 is OK for mouse tracking, since it doesn't make sense for mouse tracking
|
6547
|
1348 to change the text, and the body of @code{track-mouse} normally reads
|
|
1349 the events itself and does not do redisplay.
|
|
1350
|
|
1351 @defun x-contour-region window beg end
|
|
1352 This function draws lines to make a box around the text from @var{beg}
|
|
1353 to @var{end}, in window @var{window}.
|
|
1354 @end defun
|
|
1355
|
|
1356 @defun x-uncontour-region window beg end
|
|
1357 This function erases the lines that would make a box around the text
|
|
1358 from @var{beg} to @var{end}, in window @var{window}. Use it to remove
|
|
1359 a contour that you previously made by calling @code{x-contour-region}.
|
|
1360 @end defun
|
|
1361
|
|
1362 @defun x-draw-rectangle frame left top right bottom
|
|
1363 This function draws a hollow rectangle on frame @var{frame} with the
|
|
1364 specified edge coordinates, all measured in pixels from the inside top
|
|
1365 left corner. It uses the cursor color, the one used for indicating the
|
|
1366 location of point.
|
|
1367 @end defun
|
|
1368
|
|
1369 @defun x-erase-rectangle frame left top right bottom
|
|
1370 This function erases a hollow rectangle on frame @var{frame} with the
|
|
1371 specified edge coordinates, all measured in pixels from the inside top
|
|
1372 left corner. Erasure means redrawing the text and background that
|
|
1373 normally belong in the specified rectangle.
|
|
1374 @end defun
|
|
1375 @end ignore
|
|
1376
|
|
1377 @node Mouse Position
|
|
1378 @section Mouse Position
|
|
1379 @cindex mouse position
|
|
1380 @cindex position of mouse
|
|
1381
|
|
1382 The functions @code{mouse-position} and @code{set-mouse-position}
|
|
1383 give access to the current position of the mouse.
|
|
1384
|
|
1385 @defun mouse-position
|
|
1386 This function returns a description of the position of the mouse. The
|
|
1387 value looks like @code{(@var{frame} @var{x} . @var{y})}, where @var{x}
|
7174
|
1388 and @var{y} are integers giving the position in characters relative to
|
|
1389 the top left corner of the inside of @var{frame}.
|
6547
|
1390 @end defun
|
|
1391
|
39197
|
1392 @defvar mouse-position-function
|
39221
|
1393 If non-@code{nil}, the value of this variable is a function for
|
|
1394 @code{mouse-position} to call. @code{mouse-position} calls this
|
|
1395 function just before returning, with its normal return value as the
|
|
1396 sole argument, and it returns whatever this function returns to it.
|
|
1397
|
|
1398 This abnormal hook exists for the benefit of packages like
|
|
1399 @file{xt-mouse.el} that need to do mouse handling at the Lisp level.
|
39197
|
1400 @end defvar
|
|
1401
|
6547
|
1402 @defun set-mouse-position frame x y
|
|
1403 This function @dfn{warps the mouse} to position @var{x}, @var{y} in
|
|
1404 frame @var{frame}. The arguments @var{x} and @var{y} are integers,
|
7174
|
1405 giving the position in characters relative to the top left corner of the
|
22138
|
1406 inside of @var{frame}. If @var{frame} is not visible, this function
|
|
1407 does nothing. The return value is not significant.
|
7174
|
1408 @end defun
|
6547
|
1409
|
7174
|
1410 @defun mouse-pixel-position
|
|
1411 This function is like @code{mouse-position} except that it returns
|
|
1412 coordinates in units of pixels rather than units of characters.
|
|
1413 @end defun
|
|
1414
|
|
1415 @defun set-mouse-pixel-position frame x y
|
|
1416 This function warps the mouse like @code{set-mouse-position} except that
|
|
1417 @var{x} and @var{y} are in units of pixels rather than units of
|
|
1418 characters. These coordinates are not required to be within the frame.
|
22138
|
1419
|
|
1420 If @var{frame} is not visible, this function does nothing. The return
|
|
1421 value is not significant.
|
6547
|
1422 @end defun
|
|
1423
|
|
1424 @need 3000
|
|
1425
|
|
1426 @node Pop-Up Menus
|
|
1427 @section Pop-Up Menus
|
|
1428
|
21682
|
1429 When using a window system, a Lisp program can pop up a menu so that
|
|
1430 the user can choose an alternative with the mouse.
|
12067
|
1431
|
6547
|
1432 @defun x-popup-menu position menu
|
|
1433 This function displays a pop-up menu and returns an indication of
|
|
1434 what selection the user makes.
|
|
1435
|
|
1436 The argument @var{position} specifies where on the screen to put the
|
62013
9208ec58c990
(Pop-Up Menus): Correct and clarify description of `x-popup-menu'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1437 top left corner of the menu. It can be either a mouse button event
|
9208ec58c990
(Pop-Up Menus): Correct and clarify description of `x-popup-menu'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1438 (which says to put the menu where the user actuated the button) or a
|
9208ec58c990
(Pop-Up Menus): Correct and clarify description of `x-popup-menu'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1439 list of this form:
|
6547
|
1440
|
|
1441 @example
|
|
1442 ((@var{xoffset} @var{yoffset}) @var{window})
|
|
1443 @end example
|
|
1444
|
|
1445 @noindent
|
7174
|
1446 where @var{xoffset} and @var{yoffset} are coordinates, measured in
|
62013
9208ec58c990
(Pop-Up Menus): Correct and clarify description of `x-popup-menu'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1447 pixels, counting from the top left corner of @var{window}. @var{window}
|
9208ec58c990
(Pop-Up Menus): Correct and clarify description of `x-popup-menu'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1448 may be a window or a frame.
|
6547
|
1449
|
|
1450 If @var{position} is @code{t}, it means to use the current mouse
|
|
1451 position. If @var{position} is @code{nil}, it means to precompute the
|
|
1452 key binding equivalents for the keymaps specified in @var{menu},
|
|
1453 without actually displaying or popping up the menu.
|
|
1454
|
|
1455 The argument @var{menu} says what to display in the menu. It can be a
|
62013
9208ec58c990
(Pop-Up Menus): Correct and clarify description of `x-popup-menu'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1456 keymap or a list of keymaps (@pxref{Menu Keymaps}). In this case, the
|
9208ec58c990
(Pop-Up Menus): Correct and clarify description of `x-popup-menu'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1457 return value is the list of events corresponding to the user's choice.
|
9208ec58c990
(Pop-Up Menus): Correct and clarify description of `x-popup-menu'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1458 (This list has more than one element if the choice occurred in a
|
9208ec58c990
(Pop-Up Menus): Correct and clarify description of `x-popup-menu'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1459 submenu.) Note that @code{x-popup-menu} does not actually execute the
|
9208ec58c990
(Pop-Up Menus): Correct and clarify description of `x-popup-menu'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1460 command bound to that sequence of events.
|
9208ec58c990
(Pop-Up Menus): Correct and clarify description of `x-popup-menu'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1461
|
9208ec58c990
(Pop-Up Menus): Correct and clarify description of `x-popup-menu'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1462 Alternatively, @var{menu} can have the following form:
|
6547
|
1463
|
|
1464 @example
|
|
1465 (@var{title} @var{pane1} @var{pane2}...)
|
|
1466 @end example
|
|
1467
|
|
1468 @noindent
|
|
1469 where each pane is a list of form
|
|
1470
|
|
1471 @example
|
62013
9208ec58c990
(Pop-Up Menus): Correct and clarify description of `x-popup-menu'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1472 (@var{title} @var{item1} @var{item2}...)
|
6547
|
1473 @end example
|
|
1474
|
62013
9208ec58c990
(Pop-Up Menus): Correct and clarify description of `x-popup-menu'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1475 Each item should normally be a cons cell @code{(@var{line} . @var{value})},
|
9208ec58c990
(Pop-Up Menus): Correct and clarify description of `x-popup-menu'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1476 where @var{line} is a string, and @var{value} is the value to return if
|
9208ec58c990
(Pop-Up Menus): Correct and clarify description of `x-popup-menu'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1477 that @var{line} is chosen. An item can also be a string; this makes a
|
9208ec58c990
(Pop-Up Menus): Correct and clarify description of `x-popup-menu'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1478 non-selectable line in the menu.
|
62095
|
1479
|
|
1480 If the user gets rid of the menu without making a valid choice, for
|
|
1481 instance by clicking the mouse away from a valid choice or by typing
|
|
1482 keyboard input, then this normally results in a quit and
|
|
1483 @code{x-popup-menu} does not return. But if @var{position} is a mouse
|
|
1484 button event (indicating that the user invoked the menu with the
|
|
1485 mouse) then no quit occurs and @code{x-popup-menu} returns @code{nil}.
|
6547
|
1486 @end defun
|
|
1487
|
21007
|
1488 @strong{Usage note:} Don't use @code{x-popup-menu} to display a menu
|
|
1489 if you could do the job with a prefix key defined with a menu keymap.
|
|
1490 If you use a menu keymap to implement a menu, @kbd{C-h c} and @kbd{C-h
|
|
1491 a} can see the individual items in that menu and provide help for them.
|
|
1492 If instead you implement the menu by defining a command that calls
|
|
1493 @code{x-popup-menu}, the help facilities cannot know what happens inside
|
|
1494 that command, so they cannot give any help for the menu's items.
|
14200
|
1495
|
|
1496 The menu bar mechanism, which lets you switch between submenus by
|
|
1497 moving the mouse, cannot look within the definition of a command to see
|
|
1498 that it calls @code{x-popup-menu}. Therefore, if you try to implement a
|
|
1499 submenu using @code{x-popup-menu}, it cannot work with the menu bar in
|
|
1500 an integrated fashion. This is why all menu bar submenus are
|
|
1501 implemented with menu keymaps within the parent menu, and never with
|
59878
|
1502 @code{x-popup-menu}. @xref{Menu Bar}.
|
14200
|
1503
|
|
1504 If you want a menu bar submenu to have contents that vary, you should
|
|
1505 still use a menu keymap to implement it. To make the contents vary, add
|
|
1506 a hook function to @code{menu-bar-update-hook} to update the contents of
|
|
1507 the menu keymap as necessary.
|
6547
|
1508
|
|
1509 @node Dialog Boxes
|
|
1510 @section Dialog Boxes
|
|
1511 @cindex dialog boxes
|
|
1512
|
21682
|
1513 A dialog box is a variant of a pop-up menu---it looks a little
|
|
1514 different, it always appears in the center of a frame, and it has just
|
62663
|
1515 one level and one or more buttons. The main use of dialog boxes is
|
|
1516 for asking questions that the user can answer with ``yes'', ``no'',
|
|
1517 and a few other alternatives. With a single button, they can also
|
|
1518 force the user to acknowledge important information. The functions
|
|
1519 @code{y-or-n-p} and @code{yes-or-no-p} use dialog boxes instead of the
|
|
1520 keyboard, when called from commands invoked by mouse clicks.
|
6547
|
1521
|
62679
800ffd9ab4b2
(Dialog Boxes): HEADER argument to `x-popup-dialog' is optional.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1522 @defun x-popup-dialog position contents &optional header
|
6547
|
1523 This function displays a pop-up dialog box and returns an indication of
|
|
1524 what selection the user makes. The argument @var{contents} specifies
|
|
1525 the alternatives to offer; it has this format:
|
|
1526
|
|
1527 @example
|
7174
|
1528 (@var{title} (@var{string} . @var{value})@dots{})
|
6547
|
1529 @end example
|
|
1530
|
|
1531 @noindent
|
|
1532 which looks like the list that specifies a single pane for
|
|
1533 @code{x-popup-menu}.
|
|
1534
|
7174
|
1535 The return value is @var{value} from the chosen alternative.
|
|
1536
|
62013
9208ec58c990
(Pop-Up Menus): Correct and clarify description of `x-popup-menu'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1537 As for @code{x-popup-menu}, an element of the list may be just a
|
9208ec58c990
(Pop-Up Menus): Correct and clarify description of `x-popup-menu'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1538 string instead of a cons cell @code{(@var{string} . @var{value})}.
|
9208ec58c990
(Pop-Up Menus): Correct and clarify description of `x-popup-menu'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1539 That makes a box that cannot be selected.
|
7174
|
1540
|
|
1541 If @code{nil} appears in the list, it separates the left-hand items from
|
|
1542 the right-hand items; items that precede the @code{nil} appear on the
|
|
1543 left, and items that follow the @code{nil} appear on the right. If you
|
|
1544 don't include a @code{nil} in the list, then approximately half the
|
|
1545 items appear on each side.
|
|
1546
|
6547
|
1547 Dialog boxes always appear in the center of a frame; the argument
|
|
1548 @var{position} specifies which frame. The possible values are as in
|
62013
9208ec58c990
(Pop-Up Menus): Correct and clarify description of `x-popup-menu'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1549 @code{x-popup-menu}, but the precise coordinates or the individual
|
9208ec58c990
(Pop-Up Menus): Correct and clarify description of `x-popup-menu'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
diff
changeset
|
1550 window don't matter; only the frame matters.
|
7174
|
1551
|
62688
|
1552 If @var{header} is non-@code{nil}, the frame title for the box is
|
|
1553 @samp{Information}, otherwise it is @samp{Question}. The former is used
|
62663
|
1554 for @code{message-box} (@pxref{The Echo Area}).
|
|
1555
|
21682
|
1556 In some configurations, Emacs cannot display a real dialog box; so
|
|
1557 instead it displays the same items in a pop-up menu in the center of the
|
|
1558 frame.
|
62095
|
1559
|
|
1560 If the user gets rid of the dialog box without making a valid choice,
|
|
1561 for instance using the window manager, then this produces a quit and
|
|
1562 @code{x-popup-dialog} does not return.
|
6547
|
1563 @end defun
|
|
1564
|
70844
|
1565 @node Pointer Shape
|
|
1566 @section Pointer Shape
|
7684
|
1567 @cindex pointer shape
|
|
1568 @cindex mouse pointer shape
|
|
1569
|
70844
|
1570 You can specify the mouse pointer style for particular text or
|
|
1571 images using the @code{pointer} text property, and for images with the
|
|
1572 @code{:pointer} and @code{:map} image properties. The values you can
|
|
1573 use in these properties are @code{text} (or @code{nil}), @code{arrow},
|
|
1574 @code{hand}, @code{vdrag}, @code{hdrag}, @code{modeline}, and
|
|
1575 @code{hourglass}. @code{text} stands for the usual mouse pointer
|
|
1576 style used over text.
|
|
1577
|
|
1578 Over void parts of the window (parts that do not correspond to any
|
|
1579 of the buffer contents), the mouse pointer usually uses the
|
|
1580 @code{arrow} style, but you can specify a different style (one of
|
|
1581 those above) by setting @code{void-text-area-pointer}.
|
7684
|
1582
|
70844
|
1583 @defvar void-text-area-pointer
|
|
1584 This variable specifies the mouse pointer style for void text areas.
|
|
1585 These include the areas after the end of a line or below the last line
|
|
1586 in the buffer. The default is to use the @code{arrow} (non-text)
|
|
1587 pointer style.
|
|
1588 @end defvar
|
7684
|
1589
|
70844
|
1590 You can specify what the @code{text} pointer style really looks like
|
|
1591 by setting the variable @code{x-pointer-shape}.
|
|
1592
|
|
1593 @defvar x-pointer-shape
|
|
1594 This variable specifies the pointer shape to use ordinarily in the
|
|
1595 Emacs frame, for the @code{text} pointer style.
|
|
1596 @end defvar
|
|
1597
|
|
1598 @defvar x-sensitive-text-pointer-shape
|
7684
|
1599 This variable specifies the pointer shape to use when the mouse
|
|
1600 is over mouse-sensitive text.
|
70863
|
1601 @end defvar
|
7684
|
1602
|
|
1603 These variables affect newly created frames. They do not normally
|
70844
|
1604 affect existing frames; however, if you set the mouse color of a
|
|
1605 frame, that also installs the current value of those two variables.
|
|
1606 @xref{Color Parameters}.
|
7684
|
1607
|
|
1608 The values you can use, to specify either of these pointer shapes, are
|
15061
|
1609 defined in the file @file{lisp/term/x-win.el}. Use @kbd{M-x apropos
|
7684
|
1610 @key{RET} x-pointer @key{RET}} to see a list of them.
|
|
1611
|
21682
|
1612 @node Window System Selections
|
|
1613 @section Window System Selections
|
35476
|
1614 @cindex selection (for window systems)
|
6547
|
1615
|
|
1616 The X server records a set of @dfn{selections} which permit transfer of
|
|
1617 data between application programs. The various selections are
|
|
1618 distinguished by @dfn{selection types}, represented in Emacs by
|
|
1619 symbols. X clients including Emacs can read or set the selection for
|
|
1620 any given type.
|
|
1621
|
56535
|
1622 @deffn Command x-set-selection type data
|
6547
|
1623 This function sets a ``selection'' in the X server. It takes two
|
|
1624 arguments: a selection type @var{type}, and the value to assign to it,
|
|
1625 @var{data}. If @var{data} is @code{nil}, it means to clear out the
|
|
1626 selection. Otherwise, @var{data} may be a string, a symbol, an integer
|
|
1627 (or a cons of two integers or list of two integers), an overlay, or a
|
|
1628 cons of two markers pointing to the same buffer. An overlay or a pair
|
|
1629 of markers stands for text in the overlay or between the markers.
|
|
1630
|
21007
|
1631 The argument @var{data} may also be a vector of valid non-vector
|
|
1632 selection values.
|
6547
|
1633
|
|
1634 Each possible @var{type} has its own selection value, which changes
|
54030
|
1635 independently. The usual values of @var{type} are @code{PRIMARY},
|
|
1636 @code{SECONDARY} and @code{CLIPBOARD}; these are symbols with upper-case
|
56535
|
1637 names, in accord with X Window System conventions. If @var{type} is
|
|
1638 @code{nil}, that stands for @code{PRIMARY}.
|
|
1639
|
|
1640 This function returns @var{data}.
|
|
1641 @end deffn
|
6547
|
1642
|
8427
|
1643 @defun x-get-selection &optional type data-type
|
6547
|
1644 This function accesses selections set up by Emacs or by other X
|
|
1645 clients. It takes two optional arguments, @var{type} and
|
|
1646 @var{data-type}. The default for @var{type}, the selection type, is
|
|
1647 @code{PRIMARY}.
|
|
1648
|
|
1649 The @var{data-type} argument specifies the form of data conversion to
|
|
1650 use, to convert the raw data obtained from another X client into Lisp
|
|
1651 data. Meaningful values include @code{TEXT}, @code{STRING},
|
63583
|
1652 @code{UTF8_STRING}, @code{TARGETS}, @code{LENGTH}, @code{DELETE},
|
|
1653 @code{FILE_NAME}, @code{CHARACTER_POSITION}, @code{NAME},
|
|
1654 @code{LINE_NUMBER}, @code{COLUMN_NUMBER}, @code{OWNER_OS},
|
|
1655 @code{HOST_NAME}, @code{USER}, @code{CLASS}, @code{ATOM}, and
|
|
1656 @code{INTEGER}. (These are symbols with upper-case names in accord
|
|
1657 with X conventions.) The default for @var{data-type} is
|
|
1658 @code{STRING}.
|
6547
|
1659 @end defun
|
|
1660
|
|
1661 @cindex cut buffer
|
54030
|
1662 The X server also has a set of eight numbered @dfn{cut buffers} which can
|
6547
|
1663 store text or other data being moved between applications. Cut buffers
|
|
1664 are considered obsolete, but Emacs supports them for the sake of X
|
54030
|
1665 clients that still use them. Cut buffers are numbered from 0 to 7.
|
6547
|
1666
|
54030
|
1667 @defun x-get-cut-buffer &optional n
|
6547
|
1668 This function returns the contents of cut buffer number @var{n}.
|
54030
|
1669 If omitted @var{n} defaults to 0.
|
6547
|
1670 @end defun
|
|
1671
|
56215
|
1672 @defun x-set-cut-buffer string &optional push
|
54118
|
1673 @anchor{Definition of x-set-cut-buffer}
|
6547
|
1674 This function stores @var{string} into the first cut buffer (cut buffer
|
26388
|
1675 0). If @var{push} is @code{nil}, only the first cut buffer is changed.
|
|
1676 If @var{push} is non-@code{nil}, that says to move the values down
|
|
1677 through the series of cut buffers, much like the way successive kills in
|
|
1678 Emacs move down the kill ring. In other words, the previous value of
|
|
1679 the first cut buffer moves into the second cut buffer, and the second to
|
|
1680 the third, and so on through all eight cut buffers.
|
6547
|
1681 @end defun
|
|
1682
|
22742
|
1683 @defvar selection-coding-system
|
|
1684 This variable specifies the coding system to use when reading and
|
25751
|
1685 writing selections, the clipboard, or a cut buffer. @xref{Coding
|
43562
|
1686 Systems}. The default is @code{compound-text-with-extensions}, which
|
|
1687 converts to the text representation that X11 normally uses.
|
22742
|
1688 @end defvar
|
|
1689
|
25751
|
1690 @cindex clipboard support (for MS-Windows)
|
|
1691 When Emacs runs on MS-Windows, it does not implement X selections in
|
36348
|
1692 general, but it does support the clipboard. @code{x-get-selection}
|
25751
|
1693 and @code{x-set-selection} on MS-Windows support the text data type
|
|
1694 only; if the clipboard holds other types of data, Emacs treats the
|
|
1695 clipboard as empty.
|
22138
|
1696
|
71811
0bddfb222bb6
(Window System Selections): Mention scrap support for Mac.
YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
diff
changeset
|
1697 @cindex scrap support (for Mac OS)
|
0bddfb222bb6
(Window System Selections): Mention scrap support for Mac.
YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
diff
changeset
|
1698 On Mac OS, selection-like data transfer between applications is
|
0bddfb222bb6
(Window System Selections): Mention scrap support for Mac.
YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
diff
changeset
|
1699 performed through a mechanism called @dfn{scraps}. The clipboard is a
|
0bddfb222bb6
(Window System Selections): Mention scrap support for Mac.
YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
diff
changeset
|
1700 particular scrap named @code{com.apple.scrap.clipboard}. Types of scrap
|
0bddfb222bb6
(Window System Selections): Mention scrap support for Mac.
YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
diff
changeset
|
1701 data are called @dfn{scrap flavor types}, which are identified by
|
0bddfb222bb6
(Window System Selections): Mention scrap support for Mac.
YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
diff
changeset
|
1702 four-char codes such as @code{TEXT}. Emacs associates a selection with
|
0bddfb222bb6
(Window System Selections): Mention scrap support for Mac.
YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
diff
changeset
|
1703 a scrap, and a selection type with a scrap flavor type via
|
0bddfb222bb6
(Window System Selections): Mention scrap support for Mac.
YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
diff
changeset
|
1704 @code{mac-scrap-name} and @code{mac-ostype} properties, respectively.
|
0bddfb222bb6
(Window System Selections): Mention scrap support for Mac.
YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
diff
changeset
|
1705
|
0bddfb222bb6
(Window System Selections): Mention scrap support for Mac.
YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
diff
changeset
|
1706 @example
|
0bddfb222bb6
(Window System Selections): Mention scrap support for Mac.
YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
diff
changeset
|
1707 (get 'CLIPBOARD 'mac-scrap-name)
|
0bddfb222bb6
(Window System Selections): Mention scrap support for Mac.
YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
diff
changeset
|
1708 @result{} "com.apple.scrap.clipboard"
|
0bddfb222bb6
(Window System Selections): Mention scrap support for Mac.
YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
diff
changeset
|
1709 (get 'com.apple.traditional-mac-plain-text 'mac-ostype)
|
0bddfb222bb6
(Window System Selections): Mention scrap support for Mac.
YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
diff
changeset
|
1710 @result{} "TEXT"
|
0bddfb222bb6
(Window System Selections): Mention scrap support for Mac.
YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
diff
changeset
|
1711 @end example
|
0bddfb222bb6
(Window System Selections): Mention scrap support for Mac.
YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
diff
changeset
|
1712
|
0bddfb222bb6
(Window System Selections): Mention scrap support for Mac.
YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
diff
changeset
|
1713 Conventionally, selection types for scrap flavor types on Mac OS have
|
0bddfb222bb6
(Window System Selections): Mention scrap support for Mac.
YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
diff
changeset
|
1714 the form of @acronym{UTI, Uniform Type Identifier} such as
|
0bddfb222bb6
(Window System Selections): Mention scrap support for Mac.
YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
diff
changeset
|
1715 @code{com.apple.traditional-mac-plain-text},
|
0bddfb222bb6
(Window System Selections): Mention scrap support for Mac.
YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
diff
changeset
|
1716 @code{public.utf16-plain-text}, and @code{public.file-url}.
|
0bddfb222bb6
(Window System Selections): Mention scrap support for Mac.
YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
diff
changeset
|
1717
|
25751
|
1718 @defopt x-select-enable-clipboard
|
|
1719 If this is non-@code{nil}, the Emacs yank functions consult the
|
|
1720 clipboard before the primary selection, and the kill functions store in
|
|
1721 the clipboard as well as the primary selection. Otherwise they do not
|
|
1722 access the clipboard at all. The default is @code{nil} on most systems,
|
71811
0bddfb222bb6
(Window System Selections): Mention scrap support for Mac.
YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
diff
changeset
|
1723 but @code{t} on MS-Windows and Mac.
|
25751
|
1724 @end defopt
|
22138
|
1725
|
68575
|
1726 @node Drag and Drop
|
|
1727 @section Drag and Drop
|
|
1728
|
|
1729 @vindex x-dnd-test-function
|
|
1730 @vindex x-dnd-known-types
|
|
1731 When a user drags something from another application over Emacs, that other
|
|
1732 application expects Emacs to tell it if Emacs can handle the data that is
|
|
1733 dragged. The variable @code{x-dnd-test-function} is used by Emacs to determine
|
|
1734 what to reply. The default value is @code{x-dnd-default-test-function}
|
|
1735 which accepts drops if the type of the data to be dropped is present in
|
|
1736 @code{x-dnd-known-types}. You can customize @code{x-dnd-test-function} and/or
|
|
1737 @code{x-dnd-known-types} if you want Emacs to accept or reject drops based
|
|
1738 on some other criteria.
|
|
1739
|
|
1740 @vindex x-dnd-types-alist
|
|
1741 If you want to change the way Emacs handles drop of different types
|
|
1742 or add a new type, customize @code{x-dnd-types-alist}. This requires
|
|
1743 detailed knowledge of what types other applications use for drag and
|
|
1744 drop.
|
|
1745
|
|
1746 @vindex dnd-protocol-alist
|
|
1747 When an URL is dropped on Emacs it may be a file, but it may also be
|
|
1748 another URL type (ftp, http, etc.). Emacs first checks
|
|
1749 @code{dnd-protocol-alist} to determine what to do with the URL. If
|
|
1750 there is no match there and if @code{browse-url-browser-function} is
|
|
1751 an alist, Emacs looks for a match there. If no match is found the
|
|
1752 text for the URL is inserted. If you want to alter Emacs behavior,
|
|
1753 you can customize these variables.
|
|
1754
|
12098
|
1755 @node Color Names
|
|
1756 @section Color Names
|
6547
|
1757
|
59927
|
1758 @cindex color names
|
|
1759 @cindex specify color
|
|
1760 @cindex numerical RGB color specification
|
59878
|
1761 A color name is text (usually in a string) that specifies a color.
|
|
1762 Symbolic names such as @samp{black}, @samp{white}, @samp{red}, etc.,
|
|
1763 are allowed; use @kbd{M-x list-colors-display} to see a list of
|
|
1764 defined names. You can also specify colors numerically in forms such
|
|
1765 as @samp{#@var{rgb}} and @samp{RGB:@var{r}/@var{g}/@var{b}}, where
|
|
1766 @var{r} specifies the red level, @var{g} specifies the green level,
|
|
1767 and @var{b} specifies the blue level. You can use either one, two,
|
|
1768 three, or four hex digits for @var{r}; then you must use the same
|
|
1769 number of hex digits for all @var{g} and @var{b} as well, making
|
59927
|
1770 either 3, 6, 9 or 12 hex digits in all. (See the documentation of the
|
|
1771 X Window System for more details about numerical RGB specification of
|
|
1772 colors.)
|
59878
|
1773
|
25751
|
1774 These functions provide a way to determine which color names are
|
39402
|
1775 valid, and what they look like. In some cases, the value depends on the
|
|
1776 @dfn{selected frame}, as described below; see @ref{Input Focus}, for the
|
|
1777 meaning of the term ``selected frame''.
|
25751
|
1778
|
|
1779 @defun color-defined-p color &optional frame
|
8712
|
1780 This function reports whether a color name is meaningful. It returns
|
12676
|
1781 @code{t} if so; otherwise, @code{nil}. The argument @var{frame} says
|
|
1782 which frame's display to ask about; if @var{frame} is omitted or
|
|
1783 @code{nil}, the selected frame is used.
|
8712
|
1784
|
|
1785 Note that this does not tell you whether the display you are using
|
25751
|
1786 really supports that color. When using X, you can ask for any defined
|
|
1787 color on any kind of display, and you will get some result---typically,
|
27093
|
1788 the closest it can do. To determine whether a frame can really display
|
|
1789 a certain color, use @code{color-supported-p} (see below).
|
8712
|
1790
|
27093
|
1791 @findex x-color-defined-p
|
25751
|
1792 This function used to be called @code{x-color-defined-p},
|
|
1793 and that name is still supported as an alias.
|
8712
|
1794 @end defun
|
6547
|
1795
|
25751
|
1796 @defun defined-colors &optional frame
|
|
1797 This function returns a list of the color names that are defined
|
|
1798 and supported on frame @var{frame} (default, the selected frame).
|
56535
|
1799 If @var{frame} does not support colors, the value is @code{nil}.
|
25751
|
1800
|
27093
|
1801 @findex x-defined-colors
|
25751
|
1802 This function used to be called @code{x-defined-colors},
|
|
1803 and that name is still supported as an alias.
|
|
1804 @end defun
|
|
1805
|
27093
|
1806 @defun color-supported-p color &optional frame background-p
|
|
1807 This returns @code{t} if @var{frame} can really display the color
|
|
1808 @var{color} (or at least something close to it). If @var{frame} is
|
|
1809 omitted or @code{nil}, the question applies to the selected frame.
|
|
1810
|
|
1811 Some terminals support a different set of colors for foreground and
|
|
1812 background. If @var{background-p} is non-@code{nil}, that means you are
|
|
1813 asking whether @var{color} can be used as a background; otherwise you
|
|
1814 are asking whether it can be used as a foreground.
|
|
1815
|
|
1816 The argument @var{color} must be a valid color name.
|
|
1817 @end defun
|
|
1818
|
|
1819 @defun color-gray-p color &optional frame
|
|
1820 This returns @code{t} if @var{color} is a shade of gray, as defined on
|
|
1821 @var{frame}'s display. If @var{frame} is omitted or @code{nil}, the
|
56535
|
1822 question applies to the selected frame. If @var{color} is not a valid
|
|
1823 color name, this function returns @code{nil}.
|
27093
|
1824 @end defun
|
|
1825
|
25751
|
1826 @defun color-values color &optional frame
|
59927
|
1827 @cindex rgb value
|
8712
|
1828 This function returns a value that describes what @var{color} should
|
56535
|
1829 ideally look like on @var{frame}. If @var{color} is defined, the
|
|
1830 value is a list of three integers, which give the amount of red, the
|
|
1831 amount of green, and the amount of blue. Each integer ranges in
|
|
1832 principle from 0 to 65535, but some displays may not use the full
|
59927
|
1833 range. This three-element list is called the @dfn{rgb values} of the
|
|
1834 color.
|
25751
|
1835
|
|
1836 If @var{color} is not defined, the value is @code{nil}.
|
8712
|
1837
|
|
1838 @example
|
25751
|
1839 (color-values "black")
|
8712
|
1840 @result{} (0 0 0)
|
25751
|
1841 (color-values "white")
|
8712
|
1842 @result{} (65280 65280 65280)
|
25751
|
1843 (color-values "red")
|
8712
|
1844 @result{} (65280 0 0)
|
25751
|
1845 (color-values "pink")
|
8712
|
1846 @result{} (65280 49152 51968)
|
25751
|
1847 (color-values "hungry")
|
8712
|
1848 @result{} nil
|
|
1849 @end example
|
12676
|
1850
|
59878
|
1851 The color values are returned for @var{frame}'s display. If
|
|
1852 @var{frame} is omitted or @code{nil}, the information is returned for
|
|
1853 the selected frame's display. If the frame cannot display colors, the
|
|
1854 value is @code{nil}.
|
25751
|
1855
|
27093
|
1856 @findex x-color-values
|
25751
|
1857 This function used to be called @code{x-color-values},
|
|
1858 and that name is still supported as an alias.
|
|
1859 @end defun
|
|
1860
|
|
1861 @node Text Terminal Colors
|
|
1862 @section Text Terminal Colors
|
|
1863 @cindex colors on text-only terminals
|
|
1864
|
60445
823da03182ac
(Text Terminal Colors): Get rid of "Emacs 21", and make it read better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1865 Text-only terminals usually support only a small number of colors,
|
823da03182ac
(Text Terminal Colors): Get rid of "Emacs 21", and make it read better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1866 and the computer uses small integers to select colors on the terminal.
|
823da03182ac
(Text Terminal Colors): Get rid of "Emacs 21", and make it read better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1867 This means that the computer cannot reliably tell what the selected
|
823da03182ac
(Text Terminal Colors): Get rid of "Emacs 21", and make it read better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1868 color looks like; instead, you have to inform your application which
|
823da03182ac
(Text Terminal Colors): Get rid of "Emacs 21", and make it read better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1869 small integers correspond to which colors. However, Emacs does know
|
823da03182ac
(Text Terminal Colors): Get rid of "Emacs 21", and make it read better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1870 the standard set of colors and will try to use them automatically.
|
25751
|
1871
|
42957
|
1872 The functions described in this section control how terminal colors
|
|
1873 are used by Emacs.
|
|
1874
|
59927
|
1875 Several of these functions use or return @dfn{rgb values}, described
|
|
1876 in @ref{Color Names}.
|
25751
|
1877
|
27374
|
1878 These functions accept a display (either a frame or the name of a
|
|
1879 terminal) as an optional argument. We hope in the future to make Emacs
|
|
1880 support more than one text-only terminal at one time; then this argument
|
|
1881 will specify which terminal to operate on (the default being the
|
39402
|
1882 selected frame's terminal; @pxref{Input Focus}). At present, though,
|
59878
|
1883 the @var{frame} argument has no effect.
|
27093
|
1884
|
59878
|
1885 @defun tty-color-define name number &optional rgb frame
|
25751
|
1886 This function associates the color name @var{name} with
|
|
1887 color number @var{number} on the terminal.
|
|
1888
|
59878
|
1889 The optional argument @var{rgb}, if specified, is an rgb value, a list
|
64451
|
1890 of three numbers that specify what the color actually looks like.
|
59878
|
1891 If you do not specify @var{rgb}, then this color cannot be used by
|
|
1892 @code{tty-color-approximate} to approximate other colors, because
|
|
1893 Emacs will not know what it looks like.
|
25751
|
1894 @end defun
|
|
1895
|
59878
|
1896 @defun tty-color-clear &optional frame
|
25751
|
1897 This function clears the table of defined colors for a text-only terminal.
|
|
1898 @end defun
|
|
1899
|
59878
|
1900 @defun tty-color-alist &optional frame
|
27093
|
1901 This function returns an alist recording the known colors supported by a
|
|
1902 text-only terminal.
|
25751
|
1903
|
|
1904 Each element has the form @code{(@var{name} @var{number} . @var{rgb})}
|
|
1905 or @code{(@var{name} @var{number})}. Here, @var{name} is the color
|
|
1906 name, @var{number} is the number used to specify it to the terminal.
|
59878
|
1907 If present, @var{rgb} is a list of three color values (for red, green,
|
|
1908 and blue) that says what the color actually looks like.
|
27093
|
1909 @end defun
|
25751
|
1910
|
59878
|
1911 @defun tty-color-approximate rgb &optional frame
|
|
1912 This function finds the closest color, among the known colors
|
|
1913 supported for @var{display}, to that described by the rgb value
|
|
1914 @var{rgb} (a list of color values). The return value is an element of
|
|
1915 @code{tty-color-alist}.
|
25751
|
1916 @end defun
|
|
1917
|
59878
|
1918 @defun tty-color-translate color &optional frame
|
27093
|
1919 This function finds the closest color to @var{color} among the known
|
56535
|
1920 colors supported for @var{display} and returns its index (an integer).
|
|
1921 If the name @var{color} is not defined, the value is @code{nil}.
|
6547
|
1922 @end defun
|
|
1923
|
|
1924 @node Resources
|
|
1925 @section X Resources
|
|
1926
|
12098
|
1927 @defun x-get-resource attribute class &optional component subclass
|
6547
|
1928 The function @code{x-get-resource} retrieves a resource value from the X
|
54030
|
1929 Window defaults database.
|
6547
|
1930
|
|
1931 Resources are indexed by a combination of a @dfn{key} and a @dfn{class}.
|
|
1932 This function searches using a key of the form
|
8427
|
1933 @samp{@var{instance}.@var{attribute}} (where @var{instance} is the name
|
12098
|
1934 under which Emacs was invoked), and using @samp{Emacs.@var{class}} as
|
|
1935 the class.
|
6547
|
1936
|
|
1937 The optional arguments @var{component} and @var{subclass} add to the key
|
|
1938 and the class, respectively. You must specify both of them or neither.
|
|
1939 If you specify them, the key is
|
|
1940 @samp{@var{instance}.@var{component}.@var{attribute}}, and the class is
|
12098
|
1941 @samp{Emacs.@var{class}.@var{subclass}}.
|
6547
|
1942 @end defun
|
|
1943
|
21007
|
1944 @defvar x-resource-class
|
|
1945 This variable specifies the application name that @code{x-get-resource}
|
|
1946 should look up. The default value is @code{"Emacs"}. You can examine X
|
|
1947 resources for application names other than ``Emacs'' by binding this
|
|
1948 variable to some other string, around a call to @code{x-get-resource}.
|
|
1949 @end defvar
|
|
1950
|
54030
|
1951 @defvar x-resource-name
|
|
1952 This variable specifies the instance name that @code{x-get-resource}
|
|
1953 should look up. The default value is the name Emacs was invoked with,
|
|
1954 or the value specified with the @samp{-name} or @samp{-rn} switches.
|
|
1955 @end defvar
|
|
1956
|
56535
|
1957 To illustrate some of the above, suppose that you have the line:
|
|
1958
|
|
1959 @example
|
|
1960 xterm.vt100.background: yellow
|
|
1961 @end example
|
|
1962
|
|
1963 @noindent
|
64451
|
1964 in your X resources file (whose name is usually @file{~/.Xdefaults}
|
63583
|
1965 or @file{~/.Xresources}). Then:
|
56535
|
1966
|
|
1967 @example
|
|
1968 @group
|
|
1969 (let ((x-resource-class "XTerm") (x-resource-name "xterm"))
|
|
1970 (x-get-resource "vt100.background" "VT100.Background"))
|
|
1971 @result{} "yellow"
|
|
1972 @end group
|
|
1973 @group
|
|
1974 (let ((x-resource-class "XTerm") (x-resource-name "xterm"))
|
|
1975 (x-get-resource "background" "VT100" "vt100" "Background"))
|
|
1976 @result{} "yellow"
|
|
1977 @end group
|
|
1978 @end example
|
|
1979
|
45779
4964699e51b4
(Initial Parameters, Resources): Fix references to the Emacs manual.
Andreas Schwab <schwab@suse.de>
diff
changeset
|
1980 @xref{X Resources,, X Resources, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}.
|
6547
|
1981
|
27447
|
1982 @node Display Feature Testing
|
|
1983 @section Display Feature Testing
|
|
1984 @cindex display feature testing
|
|
1985
|
|
1986 The functions in this section describe the basic capabilities of a
|
|
1987 particular display. Lisp programs can use them to adapt their behavior
|
48700
|
1988 to what the display can do. For example, a program that ordinarily uses
|
27447
|
1989 a popup menu could use the minibuffer if popup menus are not supported.
|
|
1990
|
|
1991 The optional argument @var{display} in these functions specifies which
|
|
1992 display to ask the question about. It can be a display name, a frame
|
|
1993 (which designates the display that frame is on), or @code{nil} (which
|
39402
|
1994 refers to the selected frame's display, @pxref{Input Focus}).
|
27447
|
1995
|
|
1996 @xref{Color Names}, @ref{Text Terminal Colors}, for other functions to
|
|
1997 obtain information about displays.
|
6547
|
1998
|
27447
|
1999 @defun display-popup-menus-p &optional display
|
|
2000 This function returns @code{t} if popup menus are supported on
|
|
2001 @var{display}, @code{nil} if not. Support for popup menus requires that
|
|
2002 the mouse be available, since the user cannot choose menu items without
|
|
2003 a mouse.
|
|
2004 @end defun
|
|
2005
|
|
2006 @defun display-graphic-p &optional display
|
|
2007 @cindex frames, more than one on display
|
|
2008 @cindex fonts, more than one on display
|
|
2009 This function returns @code{t} if @var{display} is a graphic display
|
|
2010 capable of displaying several frames and several different fonts at
|
|
2011 once. This is true for displays that use a window system such as X, and
|
|
2012 false for text-only terminals.
|
|
2013 @end defun
|
|
2014
|
27654
|
2015 @defun display-mouse-p &optional display
|
|
2016 @cindex mouse, availability
|
|
2017 This function returns @code{t} if @var{display} has a mouse available,
|
|
2018 @code{nil} if not.
|
|
2019 @end defun
|
|
2020
|
27532
|
2021 @defun display-color-p &optional display
|
|
2022 @findex x-display-color-p
|
|
2023 This function returns @code{t} if the screen is a color screen.
|
|
2024 It used to be called @code{x-display-color-p}, and that name
|
|
2025 is still supported as an alias.
|
|
2026 @end defun
|
|
2027
|
|
2028 @defun display-grayscale-p &optional display
|
|
2029 This function returns @code{t} if the screen can display shades of gray.
|
27654
|
2030 (All color displays can do this.)
|
27532
|
2031 @end defun
|
|
2032
|
56215
|
2033 @defun display-supports-face-attributes-p attributes &optional display
|
45744
|
2034 @anchor{Display Face Attribute Testing}
|
|
2035 This function returns non-@code{nil} if all the face attributes in
|
|
2036 @var{attributes} are supported (@pxref{Face Attributes}).
|
|
2037
|
|
2038 The definition of `supported' is somewhat heuristic, but basically
|
|
2039 means that a face containing all the attributes in @var{attributes},
|
|
2040 when merged with the default face for display, can be represented in a
|
|
2041 way that's
|
|
2042
|
|
2043 @enumerate
|
|
2044 @item
|
|
2045 different in appearance than the default face, and
|
|
2046
|
|
2047 @item
|
|
2048 `close in spirit' to what the attributes specify, if not exact.
|
|
2049 @end enumerate
|
|
2050
|
|
2051 Point (2) implies that a @code{:weight black} attribute will be
|
|
2052 satisfied by any display that can display bold, as will
|
|
2053 @code{:foreground "yellow"} as long as some yellowish color can be
|
45865
|
2054 displayed, but @code{:slant italic} will @emph{not} be satisfied by
|
45744
|
2055 the tty display code's automatic substitution of a `dim' face for
|
|
2056 italic.
|
|
2057 @end defun
|
|
2058
|
27447
|
2059 @defun display-selections-p &optional display
|
|
2060 This function returns @code{t} if @var{display} supports selections.
|
|
2061 Windowed displays normally support selections, but they may also be
|
|
2062 supported in some other cases.
|
|
2063 @end defun
|
|
2064
|
39197
|
2065 @defun display-images-p &optional display
|
|
2066 This function returns @code{t} if @var{display} can display images.
|
39221
|
2067 Windowed displays ought in principle to handle images, but some
|
|
2068 systems lack the support for that. On a display that does not support
|
|
2069 images, Emacs cannot display a tool bar.
|
39197
|
2070 @end defun
|
|
2071
|
27532
|
2072 @defun display-screens &optional display
|
|
2073 This function returns the number of screens associated with the display.
|
|
2074 @end defun
|
|
2075
|
|
2076 @defun display-pixel-height &optional display
|
|
2077 This function returns the height of the screen in pixels.
|
56535
|
2078 On a character terminal, it gives the height in characters.
|
27532
|
2079 @end defun
|
|
2080
|
|
2081 @defun display-mm-height &optional display
|
|
2082 This function returns the height of the screen in millimeters,
|
|
2083 or @code{nil} if Emacs cannot get that information.
|
|
2084 @end defun
|
|
2085
|
|
2086 @defun display-pixel-width &optional display
|
|
2087 This function returns the width of the screen in pixels.
|
56535
|
2088 On a character terminal, it gives the width in characters.
|
27532
|
2089 @end defun
|
|
2090
|
|
2091 @defun display-mm-width &optional display
|
|
2092 This function returns the width of the screen in millimeters,
|
|
2093 or @code{nil} if Emacs cannot get that information.
|
|
2094 @end defun
|
|
2095
|
|
2096 @defun display-backing-store &optional display
|
27654
|
2097 This function returns the backing store capability of the display.
|
|
2098 Backing store means recording the pixels of windows (and parts of
|
|
2099 windows) that are not exposed, so that when exposed they can be
|
|
2100 displayed very quickly.
|
|
2101
|
27532
|
2102 Values can be the symbols @code{always}, @code{when-mapped}, or
|
|
2103 @code{not-useful}. The function can also return @code{nil}
|
|
2104 when the question is inapplicable to a certain kind of display.
|
|
2105 @end defun
|
|
2106
|
|
2107 @defun display-save-under &optional display
|
|
2108 This function returns non-@code{nil} if the display supports the
|
27654
|
2109 SaveUnder feature. That feature is used by pop-up windows
|
|
2110 to save the pixels they obscure, so that they can pop down
|
|
2111 quickly.
|
27532
|
2112 @end defun
|
|
2113
|
|
2114 @defun display-planes &optional display
|
|
2115 This function returns the number of planes the display supports.
|
27654
|
2116 This is typically the number of bits per pixel.
|
63636
|
2117 For a tty display, it is log to base two of the number of colors supported.
|
27532
|
2118 @end defun
|
|
2119
|
|
2120 @defun display-visual-class &optional display
|
|
2121 This function returns the visual class for the screen. The value is one
|
|
2122 of the symbols @code{static-gray}, @code{gray-scale},
|
|
2123 @code{static-color}, @code{pseudo-color}, @code{true-color}, and
|
|
2124 @code{direct-color}.
|
|
2125 @end defun
|
|
2126
|
|
2127 @defun display-color-cells &optional display
|
|
2128 This function returns the number of color cells the screen supports.
|
|
2129 @end defun
|
|
2130
|
27447
|
2131 These functions obtain additional information specifically
|
|
2132 about X displays.
|
6547
|
2133
|
12067
|
2134 @defun x-server-version &optional display
|
|
2135 This function returns the list of version numbers of the X server
|
56535
|
2136 running the display. The value is a list of three integers: the major
|
57766
|
2137 and minor version numbers of the X protocol, and the
|
|
2138 distributor-specific release number of the X server software itself.
|
6547
|
2139 @end defun
|
|
2140
|
12067
|
2141 @defun x-server-vendor &optional display
|
57766
|
2142 This function returns the ``vendor'' that provided the X server
|
|
2143 software (as a string). Really this means whoever distributes the X
|
|
2144 server.
|
|
2145
|
|
2146 When the developers of X labelled software distributors as
|
|
2147 ``vendors'', they showed their false assumption that no system could
|
|
2148 ever be developed and distributed noncommercially.
|
6547
|
2149 @end defun
|
|
2150
|
|
2151 @ignore
|
|
2152 @defvar x-no-window-manager
|
22138
|
2153 This variable's value is @code{t} if no X window manager is in use.
|
6547
|
2154 @end defvar
|
|
2155 @end ignore
|
|
2156
|
|
2157 @ignore
|
|
2158 @item
|
|
2159 The functions @code{x-pixel-width} and @code{x-pixel-height} return the
|
|
2160 width and height of an X Window frame, measured in pixels.
|
|
2161 @end ignore
|
52401
|
2162
|
|
2163 @ignore
|
|
2164 arch-tag: 94977df6-3dca-4730-b57b-c6329e9282ba
|
|
2165 @end ignore
|