Mercurial > emacs
annotate man/programs.texi @ 38616:3dbecf5d82d8
(delete-selection-pre-hook): Don't set this-command
to `ignore' if the region is empty.
author | Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org> |
---|---|
date | Tue, 31 Jul 2001 11:36:09 +0000 |
parents | 1241890094ae |
children | 6ed2cc05e016 |
rev | line source |
---|---|
25829 | 1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual. |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
2 @c Copyright (C) 1985,86,87,93,94,95,97,99,00,2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
25829 | 3 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions. |
4 @node Programs, Building, Text, Top | |
5 @chapter Editing Programs | |
6 @cindex Lisp editing | |
7 @cindex C editing | |
8 @cindex program editing | |
9 | |
38136
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
10 Emacs provides many features to facilitate editing programs. These |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
11 features can: |
25829 | 12 |
13 @itemize @bullet | |
14 @item | |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
15 Find or move over top-level definitions (@pxref{Defuns}). |
25829 | 16 @item |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
17 Apply the usual indentation conventions of the language |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
18 (@pxref{Program Indent}). |
25829 | 19 @item |
20 Insert, kill or align comments (@pxref{Comments}). | |
21 @item | |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
22 Balance parentheses (@pxref{Parentheses}). |
38136
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
23 @item |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
24 Highlight program syntax (@pxref{Font Lock}). |
25829 | 25 @end itemize |
26 | |
27 @menu | |
28 * Program Modes:: Major modes for editing programs. | |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
29 * Defuns:: Commands to operate on major top-level parts |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
30 of a program. |
25829 | 31 * Program Indent:: Adjusting indentation to show the nesting. |
32 * Comments:: Inserting, killing, and aligning comments. | |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
33 * Parentheses:: Commands that operate on parentheses. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
34 * Documentation:: Getting documentation of functions you plan to call. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
35 * Hideshow:: Displaying blocks selectively. |
25829 | 36 * Symbol Completion:: Completion on symbol names of your program or language. |
30810
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
37 * Glasses:: Making identifiersLikeThis more readable. |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
38 * Misc for Programs:: Other Emacs features useful for editing programs. |
26264 | 39 * C Modes:: Special commands of C, C++, Objective-C, |
25829 | 40 Java, and Pike modes. |
28329
6e740f27f255
(Programs): Mention outline features.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27221
diff
changeset
|
41 * Fortran:: Fortran mode and its special features. |
6e740f27f255
(Programs): Mention outline features.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27221
diff
changeset
|
42 * Asm Mode:: Asm mode and its special features. |
25829 | 43 @end menu |
44 | |
45 @node Program Modes | |
46 @section Major Modes for Programming Languages | |
47 @cindex modes for programming languages | |
38136
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
48 |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
49 Emacs has specialized major modes for various programming languages. |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
50 @xref{Major Modes}. A programming language major mode typically |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
51 specifies the syntax of expressions, the customary rules for |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
52 indentation, how to do syntax highlighting for the language, and how |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
53 to find the beginning of a function definition. They often provide |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
54 facilities for compiling and debugging programs as well. |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
55 |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
56 Ideally, Emacs should provide a major mode for each programming |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
57 language that you might want to edit; if it doesn't have a mode for |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
58 your favorite language, you can contribute one. But often the mode |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
59 for one language can serve for other syntactically similar languages. |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
60 The major mode for language @var{l} is called @code{@var{l}-mode}, |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
61 and you can enable it by typing @kbd{M-x @var{l}-mode @key{RET}}. |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
62 @xref{Choosing Modes}. |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
63 |
25829 | 64 @cindex Perl mode |
65 @cindex Icon mode | |
66 @cindex Awk mode | |
67 @cindex Makefile mode | |
68 @cindex Tcl mode | |
69 @cindex CPerl mode | |
26106 | 70 @cindex DSSSL mode |
71 @cindex Octave mode | |
72 @cindex Metafont mode | |
73 @cindex Modula2 mode | |
74 @cindex Prolog mode | |
75 @cindex Simula mode | |
76 @cindex VHDL mode | |
77 @cindex M4 mode | |
78 @cindex Shell-script mode | |
30810
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
79 @cindex Delphi mode |
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
80 @cindex PostScript mode |
38136
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
81 The existing programming language major modes include Lisp, Scheme (a |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
82 variant of Lisp) and the Scheme-based DSSSL expression language, Ada, |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
83 Awk, C, C++, Delphi (Object Pascal), Fortran (free format and fixed |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
84 format), Icon, IDL (CORBA), IDLWAVE, Java, Metafont (@TeX{}'s |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
85 companion for font creation), Modula2, Objective-C, Octave, Pascal, |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
86 Perl, Pike, PostScript, Prolog, Simula, Tcl, and VHDL. There is |
38136
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
87 also a major mode for makefiles, called Makefile mode. An alternative |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
88 mode for Perl is called CPerl mode. Modes are available for the |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
89 scripting languages of the common Unix shells, VMS DCL, and |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
90 MS-DOS/MS-Windows @samp{BAT} files. There are also major modes for |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
91 editing various sorts of configuration files. |
25829 | 92 |
93 @kindex DEL @r{(programming modes)} | |
37978
c41356c953a0
Correct names of some C mode indentation commands.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
37868
diff
changeset
|
94 @findex c-electric-backspace |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
95 In most programming languages, indentation should vary from line to |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
96 line to illustrate the structure of the program. So the major modes |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
97 for program languages arrange for @key{TAB} to update the indentation |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
98 of the current line. They also rebind @key{DEL} to treat a tab as if |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
99 it were the equivalent number of spaces. This makes it possible to |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
100 reduce indentation one column at a time without worrying whether it is |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
101 made up of spaces or tabs. Use @kbd{C-b C-d} to delete a tab |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
102 character before point, in these modes. |
25829 | 103 |
38136
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
104 Separate manuals are available for the modes for Ada (@pxref{Top, , Ada |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
105 Mode, ada-mode, Ada Mode}), C/C++/Objective C/Java/Corba IDL |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
106 (@pxref{Top, , CC Mode, ccmode, CC Mode}) and the IDLWAVE modes |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
107 (@pxref{Top, , IDLWAVE, idlwave, IDLWAVE User Manual}). |
38122
4aeb215906f3
Proofreading fixes from Peter Milliken <Peter.Milliken@GTECH.COM>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38090
diff
changeset
|
108 |
25829 | 109 @cindex mode hook |
110 @vindex c-mode-hook | |
111 @vindex lisp-mode-hook | |
112 @vindex emacs-lisp-mode-hook | |
113 @vindex lisp-interaction-mode-hook | |
114 @vindex scheme-mode-hook | |
38231
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
115 Turning on a major mode runs a normal hook called the @dfn{mode |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
116 hook}, which is the value of a Lisp variable. Each major mode has a |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
117 mode hook, and the hook's name is always made from the mode command's |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
118 name by adding @samp{-hook}. For example, turning on C mode runs the |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
119 hook @code{c-mode-hook}, while turning on Lisp mode runs the hook |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
120 @code{lisp-mode-hook}. The purpose of the mode hook is to give you a |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
121 place to set up customizations for that major mode. @xref{Hooks}. |
25829 | 122 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
123 @node Defuns |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
124 @section Top-Level Definitions, or Defuns |
25829 | 125 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
126 In Emacs, a major definition at the top level in the buffer is |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
127 called a @dfn{defun}. The name comes from Lisp, but in Emacs we use |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
128 it for all languages. |
25829 | 129 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
130 In most programming language modes, Emacs assumes that a defun is |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
131 any pair of parentheses (or braces, if the language uses braces this |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
132 way) that starts at the left margin. For example, in C, the body of a |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
133 function definition is normally a defun, because the open-brace that |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
134 begins it is normally at the left margin. A variable's initializer |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
135 can also count as a defun, if the open-brace that begins the |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
136 initializer is at the left margin. |
25829 | 137 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
138 However, some language modes provide their own code for recognizing |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
139 defuns in a way that suits the language syntax and conventions better. |
25829 | 140 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
141 @menu |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
142 * Left Margin Paren:: An open-paren or similar opening delimiter |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
143 starts a defun if it is at the left margin. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
144 * Moving by Defuns:: Commands to move over or mark a major definition. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
145 * Imenu:: Making buffer indexes as menus. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
146 * Which Function:: Which Function mode shows which function you are in. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
147 @end menu |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
148 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
149 @node Left Margin Paren |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
150 @subsection Left Margin Convention |
25829 | 151 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
152 @cindex open-parenthesis in leftmost column |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
153 @cindex ( in leftmost column |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
154 In most major modes, Emacs assumes that any opening delimiter found |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
155 at the left margin is the start of a top-level definition, or defun. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
156 Therefore, @strong{never put an opening delimiter at the left margin |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
157 unless it should have that significance.} For instance, never put an |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
158 open-parenthesis at the left margin in a Lisp file unless it is the |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
159 start of a top-level list. Never put an open-brace or other opening |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
160 delimiter at the beginning of a line of C code unless it is at top |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
161 level. |
25829 | 162 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
163 If you don't follow this convention, not only will you have trouble |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
164 when you explicitly use the commands for motion by defuns; other |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
165 features that use them will also give you trouble. This includes |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
166 the indentation commands (@pxref{Program Indent}) and Font Lock |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
167 mode (@pxref{Font Lock}). |
25829 | 168 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
169 The most likely problem case is when you want an opening delimiter |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
170 at the start of a line inside a string. To avoid trouble, put an |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
171 escape character (@samp{\}, in C and Emacs Lisp, @samp{/} in some |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
172 other Lisp dialects) before the opening delimiter. This will not |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
173 affect the contents of the string, but will prevent that opening |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
174 delimiter from starting a defun. Here's an example: |
25829 | 175 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
176 @example |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
177 (insert "Foo: |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
178 \(bar) |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
179 ") |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
180 @end example |
25829 | 181 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
182 In the earliest days, the original Emacs found defuns by moving |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
183 upward a level of parentheses or braces until there were no more |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
184 levels to go up. This always required scanning all the way back to |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
185 the beginning of the buffer, even for a small function. To speed up |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
186 the operation, we changed Emacs to assume that any opening delimiter |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
187 at the left margin is the start of a defun. This heuristic is nearly |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
188 always right, and avoids the need to scan back to the beginning of the |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
189 buffer. However, it mandates following the convention described |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
190 above. |
25829 | 191 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
192 @node Moving by Defuns |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
193 @subsection Moving by Defuns |
25829 | 194 @cindex defuns |
195 | |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
196 These commands move point or set up the region based on top-level |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
197 major definitions, also called @dfn{defuns}. |
38123
af8117970ca7
More proofreading fixes from Peter Milliken.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38122
diff
changeset
|
198 |
25829 | 199 @table @kbd |
200 @item C-M-a | |
201 Move to beginning of current or preceding defun | |
202 (@code{beginning-of-defun}). | |
203 @item C-M-e | |
204 Move to end of current or following defun (@code{end-of-defun}). | |
205 @item C-M-h | |
206 Put region around whole current or following defun (@code{mark-defun}). | |
207 @end table | |
208 | |
38164
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
209 @cindex move to beginning or end of function |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
210 @cindex function, move to beginning or end |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
211 @kindex C-M-a |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
212 @kindex C-M-e |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
213 @kindex C-M-h |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
214 @findex beginning-of-defun |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
215 @findex end-of-defun |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
216 @findex mark-defun |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
217 The commands to move to the beginning and end of the current defun |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
218 are @kbd{C-M-a} (@code{beginning-of-defun}) and @kbd{C-M-e} |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
219 (@code{end-of-defun}). If you repeat one of these commands, or use a |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
220 positive numeric argument, each repetition moves to the next defun in |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
221 the direction of motion. |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
222 |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
223 @kbd{C-M-a} with a negative argument @minus{}@var{n} moves forward |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
224 @var{n} times to the next beginning of a defun. This is not exactly |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
225 the same place that @kbd{C-M-e} with argument @var{n} would move to; |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
226 the end of this defun is not usually exactly the same place as the |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
227 beginning of the following defun. (Whitespace, comments, and perhaps |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
228 declarations can separate them.) Likewise, @kbd{C-M-e} with a |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
229 negative argument moves back to an end of a defun, which is not quite |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
230 the same as @kbd{C-M-a} with a positive argument. |
38164
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
231 |
36263
11db0318031d
Remove redundant index entries.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36198
diff
changeset
|
232 @kindex C-M-h @r{(C mode)} |
25829 | 233 @findex c-mark-function |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
234 To operate on the current defun, use @kbd{C-M-h} (@code{mark-defun}) |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
235 which puts point at the beginning and mark at the end of the current |
38238
6d50c21307ed
Minor clarifications. Explain how to use imenu-sort-function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38231
diff
changeset
|
236 defun. This is the easiest way to get ready to kill the defun in |
6d50c21307ed
Minor clarifications. Explain how to use imenu-sort-function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38231
diff
changeset
|
237 order to move it to a different place in the file. If you use the |
6d50c21307ed
Minor clarifications. Explain how to use imenu-sort-function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38231
diff
changeset
|
238 command while point is between defuns, it uses the following defun. |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
239 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
240 In C mode, @kbd{C-M-h} runs the function @code{c-mark-function}, |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
241 which is almost the same as @code{mark-defun}; the difference is that |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
242 it backs up over the argument declarations, function name and returned |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
243 data type so that the entire C function is inside the region. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
244 @xref{Marking Objects}. This is an example of how major modes adjust |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
245 the standard key bindings so that they do their standard jobs in a way |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
246 better fitting a particular language. Other major modes may adjust |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
247 any or all of these key bindings for that purpose. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
248 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
249 @node Imenu |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
250 @subsection Imenu |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
251 @cindex indexes of buffer contents |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
252 @cindex buffer content indexes |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
253 @cindex tags |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
254 |
38238
6d50c21307ed
Minor clarifications. Explain how to use imenu-sort-function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38231
diff
changeset
|
255 The Imenu facility offers a way to find the the major definitions in |
6d50c21307ed
Minor clarifications. Explain how to use imenu-sort-function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38231
diff
changeset
|
256 a file by name. It is also useful in text formatter major modes, |
6d50c21307ed
Minor clarifications. Explain how to use imenu-sort-function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38231
diff
changeset
|
257 where it treats each chapter, section, etc., as a definition. |
6d50c21307ed
Minor clarifications. Explain how to use imenu-sort-function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38231
diff
changeset
|
258 (@pxref{Tags}, for a more powerful feature that handles multiple files |
6d50c21307ed
Minor clarifications. Explain how to use imenu-sort-function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38231
diff
changeset
|
259 together.) |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
260 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
261 @findex imenu |
38238
6d50c21307ed
Minor clarifications. Explain how to use imenu-sort-function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38231
diff
changeset
|
262 If you type @kbd{M-x imenu}, it reads the name of a definition using |
6d50c21307ed
Minor clarifications. Explain how to use imenu-sort-function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38231
diff
changeset
|
263 the minibuffer, then goes to that definition. You can use completion |
6d50c21307ed
Minor clarifications. Explain how to use imenu-sort-function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38231
diff
changeset
|
264 to specify the name, and a complete list of possible names is always |
6d50c21307ed
Minor clarifications. Explain how to use imenu-sort-function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38231
diff
changeset
|
265 displayed. |
25829 | 266 |
38238
6d50c21307ed
Minor clarifications. Explain how to use imenu-sort-function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38231
diff
changeset
|
267 @findex imenu-add-menubar-index |
38231
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
268 Alternatively, you can bind the command @code{imenu} to a mouse |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
269 click. Then it displays mouse menus for you to select the definition |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
270 you want. You can also add the buffer's index to the menu bar by |
38238
6d50c21307ed
Minor clarifications. Explain how to use imenu-sort-function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38231
diff
changeset
|
271 calling @code{imenu-add-menubar-index}. If you want to have this |
38231
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
272 menu bar item available for all buffers in a certain major mode, you |
38238
6d50c21307ed
Minor clarifications. Explain how to use imenu-sort-function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38231
diff
changeset
|
273 can do this by adding @code{imenu-add-menubar-index} to its mode |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
274 hook. But then you will have to wait for the buffer to be searched |
38231
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
275 for definitions, each time you visit a file which uses that mode. |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
276 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
277 @vindex imenu-auto-rescan |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
278 When you change the contents of a buffer, if you add or delete |
38231
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
279 definitions, you can update the buffer's index to correspond to the |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
280 new contents by invoking the @samp{*Rescan*} item in the menu. |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
281 Rescanning happens automatically if @code{imenu-auto-rescan} is |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
282 non-@code{nil}. There is no need to rescan because of small changes |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
283 in the text. |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
284 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
285 @vindex imenu-sort-function |
38231
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
286 You can customize the way the menus are sorted by setting the |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
287 variable @code{imenu-sort-function}. By default names are ordered as |
38238
6d50c21307ed
Minor clarifications. Explain how to use imenu-sort-function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38231
diff
changeset
|
288 they occur in the buffer; if you want alphabetic sorting, use the |
6d50c21307ed
Minor clarifications. Explain how to use imenu-sort-function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38231
diff
changeset
|
289 symbol @code{imenu--sort-by-name} as the value. You can also |
6d50c21307ed
Minor clarifications. Explain how to use imenu-sort-function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38231
diff
changeset
|
290 define your own comparison function by writing Lisp code. |
25829 | 291 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
292 Imenu provides the information to guide Which Function mode |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
293 @ifnottex |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
294 (@pxref{Which Function}). |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
295 @end ifnottex |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
296 @iftex |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
297 (see below). |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
298 @end iftex |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
299 The Speedbar can also use it (@pxref{Speedbar}). |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
300 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
301 @node Which Function |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
302 @subsection Which Function Mode |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
303 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
304 Which Function mode is a minor mode that displays the current |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
305 function name in the mode line, updating it as you move around in a |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
306 buffer. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
307 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
308 @findex which-function-mode |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
309 @vindex which-func-modes |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
310 To enable (or disable) Which Function mode, use the command @kbd{M-x |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
311 which-function-mode}. This command is global; it applies to all |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
312 buffers, both existing ones and those yet to be created. However, this |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
313 only affects certain major modes, those listed in the value of |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
314 @code{which-func-modes}. If the value is @code{t}, then Which Function |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
315 mode applies to all major modes that know how to support it---which are |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
316 the major modes that support Imenu. |
25829 | 317 |
318 @node Program Indent | |
319 @section Indentation for Programs | |
320 @cindex indentation for programs | |
321 | |
322 The best way to keep a program properly indented is to use Emacs to | |
323 reindent it as you change it. Emacs has commands to indent properly | |
324 either a single line, a specified number of lines, or all of the lines | |
325 inside a single parenthetical grouping. | |
326 | |
327 @menu | |
328 * Basic Indent:: Indenting a single line. | |
329 * Multi-line Indent:: Commands to reindent many lines at once. | |
330 * Lisp Indent:: Specifying how each Lisp function should be indented. | |
331 * C Indent:: Extra features for indenting C and related modes. | |
332 * Custom C Indent:: Controlling indentation style for C and related modes. | |
333 @end menu | |
334 | |
38231
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
335 @cindex pretty-printer |
25829 | 336 Emacs also provides a Lisp pretty-printer in the library @code{pp}. |
337 This program reformats a Lisp object with indentation chosen to look nice. | |
338 | |
339 @node Basic Indent | |
340 @subsection Basic Program Indentation Commands | |
341 | |
38231
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
342 The basic indentation commands indent a single line according to the |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
343 usual conventions of the language you are editing. |
38136
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
344 |
25829 | 345 @table @kbd |
346 @item @key{TAB} | |
347 Adjust indentation of current line. | |
348 @item C-j | |
349 Equivalent to @key{RET} followed by @key{TAB} (@code{newline-and-indent}). | |
38231
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
350 @item @key{LINEFEED} |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
351 This key is a way to enter @kbd{C-j}, on some keyboards. |
25829 | 352 @end table |
353 | |
354 @kindex TAB @r{(programming modes)} | |
37978
c41356c953a0
Correct names of some C mode indentation commands.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
37868
diff
changeset
|
355 @findex c-indent-command |
c41356c953a0
Correct names of some C mode indentation commands.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
37868
diff
changeset
|
356 @findex indent-line-function |
38164
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
357 @findex indent-for-tab-command |
25829 | 358 The basic indentation command is @key{TAB}, which gives the current line |
359 the correct indentation as determined from the previous lines. The | |
38136
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
360 function that @key{TAB} runs depends on the major mode; it is |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
361 @code{indent-for-tab-command} |
37978
c41356c953a0
Correct names of some C mode indentation commands.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
37868
diff
changeset
|
362 in Lisp mode, @code{c-indent-command} in C mode, etc. These functions |
38136
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
363 understand the syntax and conventions of different languages, but they all do |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
364 conceptually the same job: @key{TAB} in any programming-language major mode |
25829 | 365 inserts or deletes whitespace at the beginning of the current line, |
38136
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
366 independent of where point is in the line. If point was inside the |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
367 whitespace at the beginning of the line, @key{TAB} puts it at the end of |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
368 that whitespace; otherwise, @key{TAB} keeps point fixed with respect to |
25829 | 369 the characters around it. |
370 | |
371 Use @kbd{C-q @key{TAB}} to insert a tab at point. | |
372 | |
373 @kindex C-j | |
374 @findex newline-and-indent | |
38136
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
375 When entering lines of new code, use @kbd{C-j} |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
376 (@code{newline-and-indent}), which is equivalent to a @key{RET} |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
377 followed by a @key{TAB}. @kbd{C-j} at the end of a line creates a |
278f2295cde6
New node Program Misc; text about word and paragraph and selective
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38123
diff
changeset
|
378 blank line and then gives it the appropriate indentation. |
25829 | 379 |
38164
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
380 @key{TAB} indents lines that start within a parenthetical grouping |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
381 each under the preceding line (or the text after the parenthesis). |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
382 Therefore, if you manually give one of these lines a nonstandard |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
383 indentation, the lines below will tend to follow it. This behavior is |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
384 convenient in cases where you have overridden the standard result of |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
385 @key{TAB} because you find it unaesthetic for a particular line. |
25829 | 386 |
387 Remember that an open-parenthesis, open-brace or other opening delimiter | |
388 at the left margin is assumed by Emacs (including the indentation routines) | |
389 to be the start of a function. Therefore, you must never have an opening | |
390 delimiter in column zero that is not the beginning of a function, not even | |
391 inside a string. This restriction is vital for making the indentation | |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
392 commands fast; you must simply accept it. @xref{Left Margin Paren}, |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
393 for more information on this. |
25829 | 394 |
38009
b6036155d1ca
(Basic Indent): Add a cross-reference to description of indent-tabs-mode.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37997
diff
changeset
|
395 Normally, lines are indented with tabs and spaces. If you want Emacs |
b6036155d1ca
(Basic Indent): Add a cross-reference to description of indent-tabs-mode.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37997
diff
changeset
|
396 to use spaces only, see @ref{Just Spaces}. |
b6036155d1ca
(Basic Indent): Add a cross-reference to description of indent-tabs-mode.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37997
diff
changeset
|
397 |
25829 | 398 @node Multi-line Indent |
399 @subsection Indenting Several Lines | |
400 | |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
401 When you wish to reindent several lines of code which have been |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
402 altered or moved to a different level in the parenthesis structure, |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
403 you have several commands available. |
25829 | 404 |
405 @table @kbd | |
406 @item C-M-q | |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
407 Reindent all the lines within one parenthetical grouping(@code{indent-sexp}). |
25829 | 408 @item C-u @key{TAB} |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
409 Shift an entire parenthetical grouping rigidly sideways so that its |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
410 first line is properly indented. |
25829 | 411 @item C-M-\ |
412 Reindent all lines in the region (@code{indent-region}). | |
38149
a07facd0bdf8
(Multi-line Indent): Document indent-code-rigidly.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38148
diff
changeset
|
413 @item M-x indent-code-rigidly |
a07facd0bdf8
(Multi-line Indent): Document indent-code-rigidly.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38148
diff
changeset
|
414 Shift all the lines in the region rigidly sideways, but do not alter |
a07facd0bdf8
(Multi-line Indent): Document indent-code-rigidly.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38148
diff
changeset
|
415 lines that start inside comments and strings. |
25829 | 416 @end table |
417 | |
418 @kindex C-M-q | |
419 @findex indent-sexp | |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
420 You can reindent the contents of a single parenthetical grouping by |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
421 positioning point before the beginning of it and typing @kbd{C-M-q} |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
422 (@code{indent-sexp} in Lisp mode, @code{c-indent-exp} in C mode; also |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
423 bound to other suitable commands in other modes). The indentation of |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
424 the line where the grouping starts is not changed; therefore, this |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
425 changes only the relative indentation within the grouping, not its |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
426 overall indentation. To correct that as well, type @key{TAB} first. |
25829 | 427 |
428 @kindex C-u TAB | |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
429 If you like the relative indentation within a grouping, but not the |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
430 indentation of its first line, you can type @kbd{C-u @key{TAB}} to |
38323
1241890094ae
C-u TAB works only in certain modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38287
diff
changeset
|
431 reindent the whole grouping as a rigid unit. (This works in Lisp |
1241890094ae
C-u TAB works only in certain modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38287
diff
changeset
|
432 modes and C and related modes.) @key{TAB} with a numeric argument |
1241890094ae
C-u TAB works only in certain modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38287
diff
changeset
|
433 reindents the current line as usual, then reindents by the same amount |
1241890094ae
C-u TAB works only in certain modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38287
diff
changeset
|
434 all the lines in the parenthetical grouping starting on the current |
1241890094ae
C-u TAB works only in certain modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38287
diff
changeset
|
435 line. It is clever, though, and does not alter lines that start |
1241890094ae
C-u TAB works only in certain modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38287
diff
changeset
|
436 inside strings, or C preprocessor lines when in C mode. |
25829 | 437 |
38149
a07facd0bdf8
(Multi-line Indent): Document indent-code-rigidly.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38148
diff
changeset
|
438 @findex indent-code-rigidly |
25829 | 439 Another way to specify the range to be reindented is with the region. |
440 The command @kbd{C-M-\} (@code{indent-region}) applies @key{TAB} to | |
38149
a07facd0bdf8
(Multi-line Indent): Document indent-code-rigidly.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38148
diff
changeset
|
441 every line whose first character is between point and mark. The command |
a07facd0bdf8
(Multi-line Indent): Document indent-code-rigidly.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38148
diff
changeset
|
442 @kbd{M-x indent-code-rigidly} rigidly shifts all the lines in the region |
a07facd0bdf8
(Multi-line Indent): Document indent-code-rigidly.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38148
diff
changeset
|
443 sideways, like @code{indent-rigidly} does (@pxref{Indentation |
a07facd0bdf8
(Multi-line Indent): Document indent-code-rigidly.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38148
diff
changeset
|
444 Commands}), except that it doesn't alter the indentation of lines that |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
445 start inside a comment or a string, unless the region starts inside that |
38149
a07facd0bdf8
(Multi-line Indent): Document indent-code-rigidly.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38148
diff
changeset
|
446 comment or string. |
25829 | 447 |
448 @node Lisp Indent | |
449 @subsection Customizing Lisp Indentation | |
450 @cindex customizing Lisp indentation | |
451 | |
452 The indentation pattern for a Lisp expression can depend on the function | |
453 called by the expression. For each Lisp function, you can choose among | |
454 several predefined patterns of indentation, or define an arbitrary one with | |
455 a Lisp program. | |
456 | |
457 The standard pattern of indentation is as follows: the second line of the | |
458 expression is indented under the first argument, if that is on the same | |
459 line as the beginning of the expression; otherwise, the second line is | |
460 indented underneath the function name. Each following line is indented | |
461 under the previous line whose nesting depth is the same. | |
462 | |
463 @vindex lisp-indent-offset | |
464 If the variable @code{lisp-indent-offset} is non-@code{nil}, it overrides | |
465 the usual indentation pattern for the second line of an expression, so that | |
466 such lines are always indented @code{lisp-indent-offset} more columns than | |
467 the containing list. | |
468 | |
469 @vindex lisp-body-indent | |
38231
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
470 Certain functions override the standard pattern. Functions whose |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
471 names start with @code{def} treat the the second lines as the start of |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
472 a @dfn{body}, by indenting the second line @code{lisp-body-indent} |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
473 additional columns beyond the open-parenthesis that starts the |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
474 expression. |
25829 | 475 |
38231
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
476 You can override the standard pattern in various ways for individual |
25829 | 477 functions, according to the @code{lisp-indent-function} property of the |
478 function name. There are four possibilities for this property: | |
479 | |
480 @table @asis | |
481 @item @code{nil} | |
38231
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
482 This is the same as no property---use the standard indentation pattern. |
25829 | 483 @item @code{defun} |
38231
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
484 Handle this function like a @samp{def} construct: treat the second |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
485 line the start of a @dfn{body}. |
25829 | 486 @item a number, @var{number} |
487 The first @var{number} arguments of the function are | |
38231
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
488 @dfn{distinguished} arguments; the rest are considered the body |
25829 | 489 of the expression. A line in the expression is indented according to |
490 whether the first argument on it is distinguished or not. If the | |
491 argument is part of the body, the line is indented @code{lisp-body-indent} | |
492 more columns than the open-parenthesis starting the containing | |
493 expression. If the argument is distinguished and is either the first | |
494 or second argument, it is indented @emph{twice} that many extra columns. | |
495 If the argument is distinguished and not the first or second argument, | |
38231
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
496 the line uses the standard pattern. |
25829 | 497 @item a symbol, @var{symbol} |
498 @var{symbol} should be a function name; that function is called to | |
499 calculate the indentation of a line within this expression. The | |
500 function receives two arguments: | |
501 @table @asis | |
502 @item @var{state} | |
503 The value returned by @code{parse-partial-sexp} (a Lisp primitive for | |
504 indentation and nesting computation) when it parses up to the | |
505 beginning of this line. | |
506 @item @var{pos} | |
507 The position at which the line being indented begins. | |
508 @end table | |
509 @noindent | |
510 It should return either a number, which is the number of columns of | |
511 indentation for that line, or a list whose car is such a number. The | |
512 difference between returning a number and returning a list is that a | |
513 number says that all following lines at the same nesting level should | |
514 be indented just like this one; a list says that following lines might | |
515 call for different indentations. This makes a difference when the | |
516 indentation is being computed by @kbd{C-M-q}; if the value is a | |
517 number, @kbd{C-M-q} need not recalculate indentation for the following | |
518 lines until the end of the list. | |
519 @end table | |
520 | |
521 @node C Indent | |
522 @subsection Commands for C Indentation | |
523 | |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
524 Here are special features for indentation in C mode and related modes: |
25829 | 525 |
526 @table @code | |
527 @item C-c C-q | |
528 @kindex C-c C-q @r{(C mode)} | |
529 @findex c-indent-defun | |
530 Reindent the current top-level function definition or aggregate type | |
531 declaration (@code{c-indent-defun}). | |
532 | |
533 @item C-M-q | |
534 @kindex C-M-q @r{(C mode)} | |
535 @findex c-indent-exp | |
536 Reindent each line in the balanced expression that follows point | |
537 (@code{c-indent-exp}). A prefix argument inhibits error checking and | |
538 warning messages about invalid syntax. | |
539 | |
540 @item @key{TAB} | |
541 @findex c-indent-command | |
542 Reindent the current line, and/or in some cases insert a tab character | |
543 (@code{c-indent-command}). | |
544 | |
545 If @code{c-tab-always-indent} is @code{t}, this command always reindents | |
546 the current line and does nothing else. This is the default. | |
547 | |
548 If that variable is @code{nil}, this command reindents the current line | |
549 only if point is at the left margin or in the line's indentation; | |
550 otherwise, it inserts a tab (or the equivalent number of spaces, | |
551 if @code{indent-tabs-mode} is @code{nil}). | |
552 | |
553 Any other value (not @code{nil} or @code{t}) means always reindent the | |
554 line, and also insert a tab if within a comment, a string, or a | |
555 preprocessor directive. | |
556 @end table | |
557 | |
558 To reindent the whole current buffer, type @kbd{C-x h C-M-\}. This | |
559 first selects the whole buffer as the region, then reindents that | |
560 region. | |
561 | |
562 To reindent the current block, use @kbd{C-M-u C-M-q}. This moves | |
563 to the front of the block and then reindents it all. | |
564 | |
565 @node Custom C Indent | |
566 @subsection Customizing C Indentation | |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
567 @cindex style (for indentation) |
25829 | 568 |
569 C mode and related modes use a simple yet flexible mechanism for | |
570 customizing indentation. The mechanism works in two steps: first it | |
571 classifies the line syntactically according to its contents and context; | |
572 second, it associates each kind of syntactic construct with an | |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
573 indentation offset based on your selected @dfn{style}. |
25829 | 574 |
575 @table @kbd | |
576 @item M-x c-set-style @key{RET} @var{style} @key{RET} | |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
577 Select predefined indentation style @var{style}. |
25829 | 578 @end table |
579 | |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
580 A style is a named collection of indentation customizations that can |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
581 be used in C mode and the related modes. Emacs comes with several |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
582 predefined styles, including @code{gnu}, @code{k&r}, @code{bsd}, |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
583 @code{stroustrup}, @code{linux}, @code{python}, @code{java}, |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
584 @code{whitesmith}, @code{ellemtel}, @code{cc-mode}, and @code{user}. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
585 Some of these styles are primarily intended for one language, but any |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
586 of them can be used with any of the languages supported by these |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
587 modes. To find out what a style looks like, select it and reindent |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
588 some code, e.g., by typing @key{C-M-q} at the start of a function |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
589 definition. |
25829 | 590 |
591 @findex c-set-style | |
38164
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
592 To choose a style for the current buffer, use the command @kbd{M-x |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
593 c-set-style}. Specify a style name as an argument (case is not |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
594 significant). This command affects the current buffer only, and it |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
595 affects only future invocations of the indentation commands; it does |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
596 not change the indentation of the code in the buffer. To reindent the |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
597 whole buffer in the new style, you can type @kbd{C-x h C-M-\}. |
38148
071d97105015
Proofreading fixes from Peter Milliken.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38136
diff
changeset
|
598 |
071d97105015
Proofreading fixes from Peter Milliken.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38136
diff
changeset
|
599 @vindex c-default-style |
071d97105015
Proofreading fixes from Peter Milliken.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38136
diff
changeset
|
600 You can also set the variable @code{c-default-style} to specify the |
38164
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
601 default style for various major modes. Its value should be an alist, |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
602 in which each element specifies one major mode and which indentation |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
603 style to use for it. For example, |
25829 | 604 |
605 @example | |
606 (setq c-default-style | |
607 '((java-mode . "java") (other . "gnu"))) | |
608 @end example | |
609 | |
610 @noindent | |
611 specifies an explicit choice for Java mode, and the default @samp{gnu} | |
38164
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
612 style for the other C-like modes. This variable takes effect when you |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
613 switch to one of the C-like major modes; thus, if you specify a new |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
614 default style for Java mode, you can make it take effect in an |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
615 existing Java mode buffer by typing @kbd{M-x java-mode} there. |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
616 |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
617 The @code{gnu} style specifies the formatting recommended by the GNU |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
618 Project for C; it is the default, so as to encourage use of our |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
619 recommended style. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
620 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
621 @xref{Customizing Indentation,, cc-mode, the CC Mode Manual}, for |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
622 more information on customizing indentation for C and related modes, |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
623 including how to override parts of an existing style and how to define |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
624 your own styles. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
625 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
626 @node Parentheses |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
627 @section Commands for Editing with Parentheses |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
628 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
629 @findex check-parens |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
630 @cindex unbalanced parentheses and quotes |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
631 This section describes the commands and features that take advantage |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
632 of the parenthesis structure in a program, or help you keep it |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
633 balanced. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
634 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
635 When talking about these facilities, the term ``parenthesis'' also |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
636 includes braces, brackets, or whatever delimiters are defined to match |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
637 in pairs. This is controlled by the major mode, through the syntax |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
638 table (@pxref{Syntax}). In Lisp, only parentheses count; in C, these |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
639 commands apply to braces and brackets too. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
640 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
641 You can use @kbd{M-x check-parens} to find any unbalanced |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
642 parentheses and unbalanced string quotes in the buffer. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
643 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
644 @menu |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
645 * Expressions:: Expressions with balanced parentheses. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
646 * Moving by Parens:: Commands for moving up, down and across |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
647 in the structure of parentheses. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
648 * Matching:: Insertion of a close-delimiter flashes matching open. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
649 @end menu |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
650 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
651 @node Expressions |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
652 @subsection Expressions with Balanced Parentheses |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
653 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
654 @cindex sexp |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
655 @cindex expression |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
656 @cindex balanced expression |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
657 These commands deal with balanced expressions, also called |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
658 @dfn{sexps}@footnote{The word ``sexp'' is used to refer to an |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
659 expression in Lisp.}. |
28627
1f6ba3e73fe9
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
28391
diff
changeset
|
660 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
661 @table @kbd |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
662 @item C-M-f |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
663 Move forward over a balanced expression (@code{forward-sexp}). |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
664 @item C-M-b |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
665 Move backward over a balanced expression(@code{backward-sexp}). |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
666 @item C-M-k |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
667 Kill balanced expression forward (@code{kill-sexp}). |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
668 @item C-M-@key{DEL} |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
669 Kill balanced expression backward (@code{backward-kill-sexp}). |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
670 @item C-M-t |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
671 Transpose expressions (@code{transpose-sexps}). |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
672 @item C-M-@@ |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
673 Put mark after following expression (@code{mark-sexp}). |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
674 @end table |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
675 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
676 Each programming language major mode customizes the definition of |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
677 balanced expressions to suit that language. Balanced expressions |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
678 typically include symbols, numbers, and string constants, as well as |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
679 anything contained in parentheses, brackets or braces. Some languages |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
680 have obscure forms of expression syntax that nobody has bothered to |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
681 implement in Emacs. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
682 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
683 @cindex Control-Meta |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
684 By convention, the keys for these commands are always Control-Meta |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
685 characters. They usually act like the corresponding Meta characters, |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
686 except that they take note of parentheses and their contents. For |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
687 instance, the command @kbd{C-M-b} moves backward over a balanced |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
688 expression, just as @kbd{M-b} moves back over a word. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
689 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
690 @kindex C-M-f |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
691 @kindex C-M-b |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
692 @findex forward-sexp |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
693 @findex backward-sexp |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
694 To move forward over a balanced expression, use @kbd{C-M-f} |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
695 (@code{forward-sexp}). If the first significant character after point |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
696 is an opening delimiter (@samp{(} in Lisp; @samp{(}, @samp{[} or |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
697 @samp{@{} in C), @kbd{C-M-f} moves past the matching closing |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
698 delimiter. If the character begins a symbol, string, or number, |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
699 @kbd{C-M-f} moves over that. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
700 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
701 The command @kbd{C-M-b} (@code{backward-sexp}) moves backward over a |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
702 balanced expression. The detailed rules are like those above for |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
703 @kbd{C-M-f}, but with directions reversed. If there are prefix |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
704 characters (single-quote, backquote and comma, in Lisp) preceding the |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
705 expression, @kbd{C-M-b} moves back over them as well. The balanced |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
706 expression commands move across comments as if they were whitespace, |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
707 in most modes. |
25829 | 708 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
709 @kbd{C-M-f} or @kbd{C-M-b} with an argument repeats that operation the |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
710 specified number of times; with a negative argument, it moves in the |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
711 opposite direction. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
712 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
713 @cindex killing expressions |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
714 @kindex C-M-k |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
715 @findex kill-sexp |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
716 @kindex C-M-DEL |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
717 @findex backward-kill-sexp |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
718 Killing a whole balanced expression can be done with @kbd{C-M-k} |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
719 (@code{kill-sexp}) or @kbd{C-M-@key{DEL}} (@code{backward-kill-sexp}). |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
720 @kbd{C-M-k} kills the characters that @kbd{C-M-f} would move over, and |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
721 @kbd{C-M-@key{DEL}} kills the characters that @kbd{C-M-b} would move |
38231
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
722 over. On some machines, @kbd{C-M-@key{DEL}} typed on the console is a |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
723 command to reboot; when that is so, you cannot use it as an Emacs |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
724 command. This conflict is rare, though: usually the @key{DEL} key for |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
725 Emacs is really @key{BACKSPACE}, and the reboot command is |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
726 @kbd{C-M-@key{DELETE}}, so there is no conflict. |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
727 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
728 @cindex transposition of expressions |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
729 @kindex C-M-t |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
730 @findex transpose-sexps |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
731 A somewhat random-sounding command which is nevertheless handy is |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
732 @kbd{C-M-t} (@code{transpose-sexps}), which drags the previous |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
733 balanced expression across the next one. An argument serves as a |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
734 repeat count, and a negative argument drags backwards (thus canceling |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
735 out the effect of @kbd{C-M-t} with a positive argument). An argument |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
736 of zero, rather than doing nothing, transposes the balanced |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
737 expressions ending after point and the mark. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
738 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
739 @kindex C-M-@@ |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
740 @findex mark-sexp |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
741 To set the region around the next balanced expression in the buffer, |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
742 use @kbd{C-M-@@} (@code{mark-sexp}), which sets mark at the same place |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
743 that @kbd{C-M-f} would move to. @kbd{C-M-@@} takes arguments like |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
744 @kbd{C-M-f}. In particular, a negative argument is useful for putting |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
745 the mark at the beginning of the previous balanced expression. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
746 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
747 In languages that use infix operators, such as C, it is not possible |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
748 to recognize all balanced expressions as such because there can be |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
749 multiple possibilities at a given position. For example, C mode does |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
750 not treat @samp{foo + bar} as a single expression, even though it |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
751 @emph{is} one C expression; instead, it recognizes @samp{foo} as one |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
752 expression and @samp{bar} as another, with the @samp{+} as punctuation |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
753 between them. Both @samp{foo + bar} and @samp{foo} are legitimate |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
754 choices for ``the expression following point'' when point is at the |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
755 @samp{f}. Note that @samp{(foo + bar)} does act as a single |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
756 expression in C mode. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
757 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
758 @node Moving by Parens |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
759 @subsection Moving in the Parenthesis Structure |
25829 | 760 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
761 @cindex parenthetical groupings |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
762 @cindex parentheses, moving across |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
763 @cindex matching parenthesis and braces, moving to |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
764 @cindex braces, moving across |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
765 @cindex list commands |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
766 The Emacs commands for handling parenthetical groupings see nothing |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
767 except parentheses (or whatever characters must balance in the |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
768 language you are working with), and the escape characters that might |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
769 be used to quote those. They are mainly intended for editing |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
770 programs, but can be useful for editing any text that has parentheses. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
771 They are sometimes called ``list'' commands because in Lisp these |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
772 groupings are lists. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
773 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
774 @table @kbd |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
775 @item C-M-n |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
776 Move forward over a parenthetical group (@code{forward-list}). |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
777 @item C-M-p |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
778 Move backward over a parenthetical group(@code{backward-list}). |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
779 @item C-M-u |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
780 Move up in parenthesis structure (@code{backward-up-list}). |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
781 @item C-M-d |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
782 Move down in parenthesis structure (@code{down-list}). |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
783 @end table |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
784 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
785 @kindex C-M-n |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
786 @kindex C-M-p |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
787 @findex forward-list |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
788 @findex backward-list |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
789 The ``list'' commands @kbd{C-M-n} (@code{forward-list}) and |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
790 @kbd{C-M-p} (@code{backward-list}) move over one (or @var{n}) |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
791 parenthetical groupings, skipping blithely over any amount of text |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
792 that doesn't include meaningful parentheses (symbols, strings, etc.). |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
793 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
794 @kindex C-M-u |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
795 @kindex C-M-d |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
796 @findex backward-up-list |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
797 @findex down-list |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
798 @kbd{C-M-n} and @kbd{C-M-p} try to stay at the same level in the |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
799 parenthesis structure. To move @emph{up} one (or @var{n}) levels, use |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
800 @kbd{C-M-u} (@code{backward-up-list}). @kbd{C-M-u} moves backward up |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
801 past one unmatched opening delimiter. A positive argument serves as a |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
802 repeat count; a negative argument reverses the direction of motion, so |
38231
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
803 that the command moves forward and up one or more levels. |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
804 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
805 To move @emph{down} in the parenthesis structure, use @kbd{C-M-d} |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
806 (@code{down-list}). In Lisp mode, where @samp{(} is the only opening |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
807 delimiter, this is nearly the same as searching for a @samp{(}. An |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
808 argument specifies the number of levels to go down. |
25829 | 809 |
810 @node Matching | |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
811 @subsection Automatic Display Of Matching Parentheses |
25829 | 812 @cindex matching parentheses |
813 @cindex parentheses, displaying matches | |
814 | |
815 The Emacs parenthesis-matching feature is designed to show | |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
816 automatically how parentheses (and other matching delimiters) match in |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
817 the text. Whenever you type a self-inserting character that is a |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
818 closing delimiter, the cursor moves momentarily to the location of the |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
819 matching opening delimiter, provided that is on the screen. If it is |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
820 not on the screen, Emacs displays some text near it in the echo area. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
821 Either way, you can tell what grouping you are closing off. |
25829 | 822 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
823 If the opening delimiter and closing delimiter are mismatched---such |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
824 as in @samp{[x)}---a warning message is displayed in the echo area. |
25829 | 825 |
826 @vindex blink-matching-paren | |
827 @vindex blink-matching-paren-distance | |
828 @vindex blink-matching-delay | |
829 Three variables control parenthesis match display. | |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
830 @code{blink-matching-paren} turns the feature on or off: @code{nil} |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
831 disables it, but the default is @code{t} to enable match display. |
38164
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
832 |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
833 @code{blink-matching-delay} says how many seconds to leave the |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
834 cursor on the matching opening delimiter, before bringing it back to |
38164
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
835 the real location of point; the default is 1, but on some systems it |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
836 is useful to specify a fraction of a second. |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
837 |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
838 @code{blink-matching-paren-distance} specifies how many characters |
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
839 back to search to find the matching opening delimiter. If the match |
38287 | 840 is not found in that distance, scanning stops, and nothing is displayed. |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
841 This is to prevent the scan for the matching delimiter from wasting |
38164
ec15967a5cf7
Add details about C-M-a and C-M-e.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38149
diff
changeset
|
842 lots of time when there is no match. The default is 25600. |
25829 | 843 |
844 @cindex Show Paren mode | |
34122
c42bb7d4437b
Don't tell that show-paren only works on X. Explain how to customize
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
31188
diff
changeset
|
845 @cindex highlighting matching parentheses |
25829 | 846 @findex show-paren-mode |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
847 Show Paren mode provides a more powerful kind of automatic matching. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
848 Whenever point is after a closing delimiter, that delimiter and its |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
849 matching opening delimiter are both highlighted; otherwise, if point |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
850 is before an opening delimiter, the matching closing delimiter is |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
851 highlighted. (There is no need to highlight the opening delimiter in |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
852 that case, because the cursor appears on top of that character.) Use |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
853 the command @kbd{M-x show-paren-mode} to enable or disable this mode. |
34122
c42bb7d4437b
Don't tell that show-paren only works on X. Explain how to customize
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
31188
diff
changeset
|
854 |
c42bb7d4437b
Don't tell that show-paren only works on X. Explain how to customize
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
31188
diff
changeset
|
855 By default, @code{show-paren-mode} uses colors to highlight the |
c42bb7d4437b
Don't tell that show-paren only works on X. Explain how to customize
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
31188
diff
changeset
|
856 parentheses. However, if your display doesn't support colors, you can |
c42bb7d4437b
Don't tell that show-paren only works on X. Explain how to customize
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
31188
diff
changeset
|
857 customize the faces @code{show-paren-match-face} and |
c42bb7d4437b
Don't tell that show-paren only works on X. Explain how to customize
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
31188
diff
changeset
|
858 @code{show-paren-mismatch-face} to use other attributes, such as bold or |
c42bb7d4437b
Don't tell that show-paren only works on X. Explain how to customize
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
31188
diff
changeset
|
859 underline. @xref{Face Customization}. |
25829 | 860 |
861 @node Comments | |
862 @section Manipulating Comments | |
863 @cindex comments | |
864 | |
865 Because comments are such an important part of programming, Emacs | |
866 provides special commands for editing and inserting comments. | |
867 | |
868 @menu | |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
869 * Comment Commands:: Inserting, killing, and indenting comments. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
870 * Multi-Line Comments:: Commands for adding and editing multi-line comments. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
871 * Options for Comments::Customizing the comment features. |
25829 | 872 @end menu |
873 | |
874 @node Comment Commands | |
875 @subsection Comment Commands | |
876 @cindex indentation for comments | |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
877 |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
878 The comment commands in this table insert, kill and align comments. |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
879 They are described in this section and following sections. |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
880 |
25829 | 881 @table @kbd |
882 @item M-; | |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
883 Insert or realign comment on current line; alternatively, comment or |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
884 uncomment the region (@code{comment-dwim}). |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
885 @item C-u M-; |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
886 Kill comment on current line (@code{comment-kill}). |
25829 | 887 @item C-x ; |
38018
f802bdff6c2c
Update various command names and variable defaults.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38009
diff
changeset
|
888 Set comment column (@code{comment-set-column}). |
25829 | 889 @item C-M-j |
890 Like @key{RET} followed by inserting and aligning a comment | |
38018
f802bdff6c2c
Update various command names and variable defaults.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38009
diff
changeset
|
891 (@code{comment-indent-new-line}). |
25829 | 892 @item M-x comment-region |
893 Add or remove comment delimiters on all the lines in the region. | |
894 @end table | |
895 | |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
896 @kindex M-; |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
897 @findex comment-dwim |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
898 The command to create or align a comment is @kbd{M-;} |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
899 (@code{comment-dwim}). The word ``dwim'' is an acronym for ``Do What |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
900 I Mean''; it indicates that this command can be used for many |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
901 different jobs relating to comments, depending on the situation where |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
902 you use it. |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
903 |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
904 If there is no comment already on the line, @kbd{M-;} inserts a new |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
905 comment, aligned at a specific column called the @dfn{comment column}. |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
906 The new comment begins with the string Emacs thinks comments should |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
907 start with (the value of @code{comment-start}; see below). Point is |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
908 after that string, so you can insert the text of the comment right |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
909 away. If the major mode has specified a string to terminate comments, |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
910 @kbd{M-;} inserts that too, to keep the syntax valid. |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
911 |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
912 If the text of the line extends past the comment column, then the |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
913 comment start string is indented to a suitable boundary (usually, at |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
914 least one space is inserted). |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
915 |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
916 You can also use @kbd{M-;} to align an existing comment. If a line |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
917 already contains the comment-start string, @kbd{M-;} reindents it to |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
918 the conventional alignment and moves point after it. (Exception: |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
919 comments starting in column 0 are not moved.) Even when an existing |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
920 comment is properly aligned, @kbd{M-;} is still useful for moving |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
921 directly to the start of the text inside the comment. |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
922 |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
923 @findex comment-kill |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
924 @kindex C-u M-; |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
925 @kbd{C-u M-;} kills any comment on the current line, along with the |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
926 whitespace before it. To reinsert the comment on another line, move |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
927 to the end of that line, do @kbd{C-y}, and then do @kbd{M-;} to |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
928 realign it. |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
929 |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
930 Note that @kbd{C-u M-;} is not a distinct key; it is @kbd{M-;} |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
931 (@code{comment-dwim}) with a prefix argument. That command is |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
932 programmed so that when it receives a prefix argument it calls |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
933 @code{comment-kill}. However, @code{comment-kill} is a valid command |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
934 in its own right, and you can bind it directly to a key if you wish. |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
935 |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
936 @kbd{M-;} does two other jobs when used with an active region in |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
937 Transient Mark mode (@pxref{Transient Mark}). Then it either adds or |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
938 removes comment delimiters on each line of the region. (If every line |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
939 is a comment, it removes comment delimiters from each; otherwise, it |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
940 adds comment delimiters to each.) If you are not using Transient Mark |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
941 mode, then you should use the commands @code{comment-region} and |
36198 | 942 @code{uncomment-region} to do these jobs (@pxref{Multi-Line Comments}). |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
943 A prefix argument used in these circumstances specifies how many |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
944 comment delimiters to add or how many to delete. |
25829 | 945 |
946 Some major modes have special rules for indenting certain kinds of | |
947 comments in certain contexts. For example, in Lisp code, comments which | |
948 start with two semicolons are indented as if they were lines of code, | |
949 instead of at the comment column. Comments which start with three | |
950 semicolons are supposed to start at the left margin. Emacs understands | |
951 these conventions by indenting a double-semicolon comment using @key{TAB}, | |
952 and by not changing the indentation of a triple-semicolon comment at all. | |
953 | |
954 @example | |
955 ;; This function is just an example | |
956 ;;; Here either two or three semicolons are appropriate. | |
957 (defun foo (x) | |
958 ;;; And now, the first part of the function: | |
959 ;; The following line adds one. | |
960 (1+ x)) ; This line adds one. | |
961 @end example | |
962 | |
963 In C code, a comment preceded on its line by nothing but whitespace | |
964 is indented like a line of code. | |
965 | |
966 @node Multi-Line Comments | |
967 @subsection Multiple Lines of Comments | |
968 | |
969 @kindex C-M-j | |
970 @cindex blank lines in programs | |
38018
f802bdff6c2c
Update various command names and variable defaults.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38009
diff
changeset
|
971 @findex comment-indent-new-line |
25829 | 972 If you are typing a comment and wish to continue it on another line, |
38018
f802bdff6c2c
Update various command names and variable defaults.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38009
diff
changeset
|
973 you can use the command @kbd{C-M-j} (@code{comment-indent-new-line}). |
25829 | 974 This terminates the comment you are typing, creates a new blank line |
975 afterward, and begins a new comment indented under the old one. When | |
976 Auto Fill mode is on, going past the fill column while typing a comment | |
977 causes the comment to be continued in just this fashion. If point is | |
978 not at the end of the line when @kbd{C-M-j} is typed, the text on | |
979 the rest of the line becomes part of the new comment line. | |
980 | |
981 @findex comment-region | |
982 To turn existing lines into comment lines, use the @kbd{M-x | |
983 comment-region} command. It adds comment delimiters to the lines that start | |
984 in the region, thus commenting them out. With a negative argument, it | |
985 does the opposite---it deletes comment delimiters from the lines in the | |
986 region. | |
987 | |
988 With a positive argument, @code{comment-region} duplicates the last | |
989 character of the comment start sequence it adds; the argument specifies | |
990 how many copies of the character to insert. Thus, in Lisp mode, | |
991 @kbd{C-u 2 M-x comment-region} adds @samp{;;} to each line. Duplicating | |
992 the comment delimiter is a way of calling attention to the comment. It | |
993 can also affect how the comment is indented. In Lisp, for proper | |
38018
f802bdff6c2c
Update various command names and variable defaults.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38009
diff
changeset
|
994 indentation, you should use an argument of two or three, if between defuns; |
f802bdff6c2c
Update various command names and variable defaults.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38009
diff
changeset
|
995 if within a defun, it must be three. |
25829 | 996 |
997 @node Options for Comments | |
998 @subsection Options Controlling Comments | |
999 | |
1000 @vindex comment-column | |
1001 @kindex C-x ; | |
38018
f802bdff6c2c
Update various command names and variable defaults.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38009
diff
changeset
|
1002 @findex comment-set-column |
25829 | 1003 The comment column is stored in the variable @code{comment-column}. You |
1004 can set it to a number explicitly. Alternatively, the command @kbd{C-x ;} | |
38018
f802bdff6c2c
Update various command names and variable defaults.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38009
diff
changeset
|
1005 (@code{comment-set-column}) sets the comment column to the column point is |
25829 | 1006 at. @kbd{C-u C-x ;} sets the comment column to match the last comment |
1007 before point in the buffer, and then does a @kbd{M-;} to align the | |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1008 current line's comment under the previous one. |
25829 | 1009 |
1010 The variable @code{comment-column} is per-buffer: setting the variable | |
1011 in the normal fashion affects only the current buffer, but there is a | |
1012 default value which you can change with @code{setq-default}. | |
1013 @xref{Locals}. Many major modes initialize this variable for the | |
1014 current buffer. | |
1015 | |
1016 @vindex comment-start-skip | |
1017 The comment commands recognize comments based on the regular | |
1018 expression that is the value of the variable @code{comment-start-skip}. | |
1019 Make sure this regexp does not match the null string. It may match more | |
1020 than the comment starting delimiter in the strictest sense of the word; | |
38018
f802bdff6c2c
Update various command names and variable defaults.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38009
diff
changeset
|
1021 for example, in C mode the value of the variable is |
f802bdff6c2c
Update various command names and variable defaults.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38009
diff
changeset
|
1022 @c This stops M-q from breaking the line inside that @code. |
f802bdff6c2c
Update various command names and variable defaults.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38009
diff
changeset
|
1023 @code{@w{"/\\*+ *\\|//+ *""}}, which matches extra stars and spaces |
f802bdff6c2c
Update various command names and variable defaults.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38009
diff
changeset
|
1024 after the @samp{/*} itself, and accepts C++ style comments also. |
25829 | 1025 (Note that @samp{\\} is needed in Lisp syntax to include a @samp{\} in |
1026 the string, which is needed to deny the first star its special meaning | |
1027 in regexp syntax. @xref{Regexps}.) | |
1028 | |
1029 @vindex comment-start | |
1030 @vindex comment-end | |
1031 When a comment command makes a new comment, it inserts the value of | |
1032 @code{comment-start} to begin it. The value of @code{comment-end} is | |
1033 inserted after point, so that it will follow the text that you will insert | |
1034 into the comment. In C mode, @code{comment-start} has the value | |
1035 @w{@code{"/* "}} and @code{comment-end} has the value @w{@code{" */"}}. | |
1036 | |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1037 @vindex comment-padding |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1038 The variable @code{comment-padding} specifies how many spaces |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1039 @code{comment-region} should insert on each line between the |
38018
f802bdff6c2c
Update various command names and variable defaults.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38009
diff
changeset
|
1040 comment delimiter and the line's original text. The default is 1, |
f802bdff6c2c
Update various command names and variable defaults.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38009
diff
changeset
|
1041 to insert one space. |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1042 |
25829 | 1043 @vindex comment-multi-line |
1044 The variable @code{comment-multi-line} controls how @kbd{C-M-j} | |
1045 (@code{indent-new-comment-line}) behaves when used inside a comment. If | |
1046 @code{comment-multi-line} is @code{nil}, as it normally is, then the | |
1047 comment on the starting line is terminated and a new comment is started | |
1048 on the new following line. If @code{comment-multi-line} is not | |
1049 @code{nil}, then the new following line is set up as part of the same | |
1050 comment that was found on the starting line. This is done by not | |
1051 inserting a terminator on the old line, and not inserting a starter on | |
1052 the new line. In languages where multi-line comments work, the choice | |
1053 of value for this variable is a matter of taste. | |
1054 | |
1055 @vindex comment-indent-function | |
1056 The variable @code{comment-indent-function} should contain a function | |
1057 that will be called to compute the indentation for a newly inserted | |
1058 comment or for aligning an existing comment. It is set differently by | |
1059 various major modes. The function is called with no arguments, but with | |
1060 point at the beginning of the comment, or at the end of a line if a new | |
1061 comment is to be inserted. It should return the column in which the | |
1062 comment ought to start. For example, in Lisp mode, the indent hook | |
1063 function bases its decision on how many semicolons begin an existing | |
1064 comment, and on the code in the preceding lines. | |
1065 | |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1066 @node Documentation |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1067 @section Documentation Lookup |
25829 | 1068 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1069 Emacs provides several features you can use to look up the |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1070 documentation of functions, variables and commands that you plan to |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1071 use in your program. |
25829 | 1072 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1073 @menu |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1074 * Info Lookup:: Looking up library functions and commands |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1075 in Info files. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1076 * Man Page:: Looking up man pages of library functions and commands. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1077 * Lisp Doc:: Looking up Emacs Lisp functions, etc. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1078 @end menu |
25829 | 1079 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1080 @node Info Lookup |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1081 @subsection Info Documentation Lookup |
27221
4a723a7bc25a
Mention outline-minor-mode, check-parens,
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26462
diff
changeset
|
1082 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1083 @findex info-lookup-symbol |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1084 @findex info-lookup-file |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1085 @kindex C-h C-i |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1086 For C, Lisp, and other languages that have documentation in Info, |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1087 you can use @kbd{C-h C-i} (@code{info-lookup-symbol}) to view the Info |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1088 documentation for a symbol. You specify the symbol with the |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1089 minibuffer; the default is the symbol appearing in the buffer at |
25829 | 1090 point. |
1091 | |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1092 The major mode determines where to look for documentation for the |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1093 symbol---which Info files to look in, and which indices to search. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1094 You can also use @kbd{M-x info-lookup-file} to look for documentation |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1095 for a file name. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1096 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1097 This feature currently supports the modes Awk, Autoconf, Bison, C, |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1098 Emacs Lisp, LaTeX, M4, Makefile, Octave, Perl, Scheme, and Texinfo, |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1099 provided you have installed the relevant Info files, which are |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1100 typically available with the appropriate GNU package. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1101 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1102 @node Man Page |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1103 @subsection Man Page Lookup |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1104 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1105 Eventually the GNU project hopes to replace most man pages in the |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1106 GNU operating system with better-organized manuals that you can browse |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1107 with Info (@pxref{Misc Help}). Since this process is not finished, it |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1108 is still useful to read manual pages. |
25829 | 1109 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1110 @findex manual-entry |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1111 @cindex manual pages |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1112 You can read the ``man page'' for an operating system command, |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1113 library function, or system call, with the @kbd{M-x manual-entry} |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1114 command. It runs the @code{man} program to format the man page, and |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1115 runs it asynchronously if your system permits, so that you can keep on |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1116 editing while the page is being formatted. (MS-DOS and MS-Windows 3 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1117 do not permit asynchronous subprocesses, so on these systems you |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1118 cannot edit while Emacs waits for @code{man} to finish.) The result |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1119 goes in a buffer named @samp{*Man @var{topic}*}. These buffers use a |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1120 special major mode, Man mode, that facilitates scrolling and jumping |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1121 to other manual pages. For details, type @kbd{C-h m} while in a man |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1122 page buffer. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1123 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1124 @cindex sections of manual pages |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1125 Each man page belongs to one of around ten @dfn{sections}; sometimes |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1126 there are multiple man pages with the same name in different sections. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1127 To read a man page from a specific section, type |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1128 @samp{@var{topic}(@var{section})} or @samp{@var{section} @var{topic}} |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1129 when @kbd{M-x manual-entry} prompts for the topic. For example, to |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1130 read the man page for the C library function @code{chmod} (as opposed |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1131 to a command by the same name), type @kbd{M-x manual-entry @key{RET} |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1132 chmod(2v) @key{RET}} (assuming @code{chmod} is in section @samp{2v}). |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1133 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1134 If you do not specify a section, the results depend on how the |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1135 @code{man} command works on your system. Some of them display only |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1136 the first man page they find. Others display all man pages that have |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1137 the specified name, so you can move between them with the @kbd{M-n} |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1138 and @kbd{M-p} keys. The mode line shows how many manual pages are |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1139 present in the Man buffer. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1140 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1141 @vindex Man-fontify-manpage-flag |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1142 By default, Emacs uses faces in man pages if Emacs can display |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1143 different fonts or colors. For a long man page, setting the faces |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1144 properly can take substantial time. You can turn off use of faces in |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1145 man pages by setting the variable @code{Man-fontify-manpage-flag} to |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1146 @code{nil}. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1147 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1148 @findex Man-fontify-manpage |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1149 If you insert the text of a man page into an Emacs buffer in some |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1150 other fashion, you can use the command @kbd{M-x Man-fontify-manpage} to |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1151 perform the same conversions that @kbd{M-x manual-entry} does. |
25829 | 1152 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1153 @findex woman |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1154 @cindex manual pages, on MS-DOS/MS-Windows |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1155 An alternative way of reading manual pages is the @kbd{M-x woman} |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1156 command@footnote{The name of the command, @code{woman}, is an acronym |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1157 for ``w/o (without) man,'' since it doesn't use the @code{man} |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1158 program.}. Unlike @kbd{M-x man}, it does not run any external |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1159 programs to format and display the man pages; instead it does the job |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1160 in Emacs Lisp, so it works on systems such as MS-Windows, where the |
38231
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
1161 @code{man} program (and the other programs it uses) are not generally |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
1162 available. |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
1163 |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
1164 @kbd{M-x woman} prompts for a name of a manual page, and provides |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
1165 completion based on the list of manual pages that are installed on |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
1166 your machine; the list of available manual pages is computed |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
1167 automatically the first time you invoke @code{woman}. The word at |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
1168 point in the current buffer is used to suggest the default for the |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
1169 name the manual page. |
25829 | 1170 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1171 With a numeric argument, @kbd{M-x woman} recomputes the list of the |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1172 manual pages used for completion. This is useful if you add or delete |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1173 manual pages. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1174 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1175 If you type a name of a manual page and @kbd{M-x woman} finds that |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1176 several manual pages by the same name exist in different sections, it |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1177 pops up a window with possible candidates asking you to choose one of |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1178 them. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1179 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1180 @vindex woman-manpath |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1181 By default, @kbd{M-x woman} looks for manual pages in the |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1182 directories specified in the @code{MANPATH} environment variable. (If |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1183 @code{MANPATH} is not set, @code{woman} uses a suitable default value, |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1184 which can be customized.) More precisely, @code{woman} looks for |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1185 subdirectories that match the shell wildcard @file{man*} in each one |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1186 of these directories, and tries to find the manual pages in those |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1187 subdirectories. When first invoked, @kbd{M-x woman} converts the |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1188 value of @code{MANPATH} to a list of directory names and stores that |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1189 list in the @code{woman-manpath} variable. Changing the value of this |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1190 variable is another way to control the list of directories used. |
25829 | 1191 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1192 @vindex woman-path |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1193 You can also augment the list of directories searched by |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1194 @code{woman} by setting the value of the @code{woman-path} variable. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1195 This variable should hold a list of specific directories which |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1196 @code{woman} should search, in addition to those in |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1197 @code{woman-manpath}. Unlike @code{woman-manpath}, the directories in |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1198 @code{woman-path} are searched for the manual pages, not for |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1199 @file{man*} subdirectories. |
25829 | 1200 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1201 @findex woman-find-file |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1202 Occasionally, you might need to display manual pages that are not in |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1203 any of the directories listed by @code{woman-manpath} and |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1204 @code{woman-path}. The @kbd{M-x woman-find-file} command prompts for a |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1205 name of a manual page file, with completion, and then formats and |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1206 displays that file like @kbd{M-x woman} does. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1207 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1208 @vindex woman-dired-keys |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1209 The first time you invoke @kbd{M-x woman}, it defines the Dired |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1210 @kbd{W} key to run the @code{woman-find-file} command on the current |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1211 line's file. You can disable this by setting the variable |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1212 @code{woman-dired-keys} to @code{nil}. @xref{Dired}. In addition, |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1213 the Tar-mode @kbd{w} key is define to invoke @code{woman-find-file} on |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1214 the current line's archive member. |
25829 | 1215 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1216 For more information about setting up and using @kbd{M-x woman}, see |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1217 @ref{Top, WoMan, Browse UN*X Manual Pages WithOut Man, woman, The WoMan |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1218 Manual}. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1219 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1220 @node Lisp Doc |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1221 @subsection Emacs Lisp Documentation Lookup |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1222 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1223 As you edit Lisp code to be run in Emacs, you can use the commands |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1224 @kbd{C-h f} (@code{describe-function}) and @kbd{C-h v} |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1225 (@code{describe-variable}) to view documentation of functions and |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1226 variables that you want to use. These commands use the minibuffer to |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1227 read the name of a function or variable to document, and display the |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1228 documentation in a window. Their default arguments are based on the |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1229 code in the neighborhood of point. For @kbd{C-h f}, the default is |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1230 the function called in the innermost list containing point. @kbd{C-h |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1231 v} uses the symbol name around or adjacent to point as its default. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1232 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1233 @cindex Eldoc mode |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1234 @findex eldoc-mode |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1235 A more automatic but less powerful method is Eldoc mode. This minor |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1236 mode constantly displays in the echo area the argument list for the |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1237 function being called at point. (In other words, it finds the |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1238 function call that point is contained in, and displays the argument |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1239 list of that function.) Eldoc mode applies in Emacs Lisp and Lisp |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1240 Interaction modes only. Use the command @kbd{M-x eldoc-mode} to |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1241 enable or disable this feature. |
25829 | 1242 |
28329
6e740f27f255
(Programs): Mention outline features.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27221
diff
changeset
|
1243 @node Hideshow |
6e740f27f255
(Programs): Mention outline features.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27221
diff
changeset
|
1244 @section Hideshow minor mode |
6e740f27f255
(Programs): Mention outline features.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27221
diff
changeset
|
1245 |
6e740f27f255
(Programs): Mention outline features.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27221
diff
changeset
|
1246 @findex hs-minor-mode |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1247 Hideshow minor mode provides selective display of portions of a |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1248 program, known as @dfn{blocks}. You can use @kbd{M-x hs-minor-mode} |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1249 to enable or disable this mode, or add @code{hs-minor-mode} to the |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1250 mode hook for certain major modes in order to enable it automatically |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1251 for those modes. |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1252 |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1253 Just what constitutes a block depends on the major mode. In C mode |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1254 or C++ mode, they are delimited by braces, while in Lisp mode and |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1255 similar modes they are delimited by parentheses. Multi-line comments |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1256 also count as blocks. |
28329
6e740f27f255
(Programs): Mention outline features.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27221
diff
changeset
|
1257 |
6e740f27f255
(Programs): Mention outline features.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27221
diff
changeset
|
1258 @findex hs-hide-all |
6e740f27f255
(Programs): Mention outline features.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27221
diff
changeset
|
1259 @findex hs-hide-block |
6e740f27f255
(Programs): Mention outline features.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27221
diff
changeset
|
1260 @findex hs-show-all |
6e740f27f255
(Programs): Mention outline features.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27221
diff
changeset
|
1261 @findex hs-show-block |
6e740f27f255
(Programs): Mention outline features.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27221
diff
changeset
|
1262 @findex hs-show-region |
6e740f27f255
(Programs): Mention outline features.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27221
diff
changeset
|
1263 @findex hs-hide-level |
6e740f27f255
(Programs): Mention outline features.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27221
diff
changeset
|
1264 @findex hs-minor-mode |
37997
c329103798cc
(Hideshow): Fix the docs of keybindings which used a single `@'.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37978
diff
changeset
|
1265 @kindex C-c @@ C-h |
c329103798cc
(Hideshow): Fix the docs of keybindings which used a single `@'.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37978
diff
changeset
|
1266 @kindex C-c @@ C-s |
c329103798cc
(Hideshow): Fix the docs of keybindings which used a single `@'.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37978
diff
changeset
|
1267 @kindex C-c @@ C-M-h |
c329103798cc
(Hideshow): Fix the docs of keybindings which used a single `@'.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37978
diff
changeset
|
1268 @kindex C-c @@ C-M-s |
c329103798cc
(Hideshow): Fix the docs of keybindings which used a single `@'.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37978
diff
changeset
|
1269 @kindex C-c @@ C-r |
c329103798cc
(Hideshow): Fix the docs of keybindings which used a single `@'.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37978
diff
changeset
|
1270 @kindex C-c @@ C-l |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1271 @kindex S-Mouse-2 |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1272 @table @kbd |
37997
c329103798cc
(Hideshow): Fix the docs of keybindings which used a single `@'.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37978
diff
changeset
|
1273 @item C-c @@ C-h |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1274 Hide the current block (@code{hs-hide-block}). |
37997
c329103798cc
(Hideshow): Fix the docs of keybindings which used a single `@'.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37978
diff
changeset
|
1275 @item C-c @@ C-s |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1276 Show the current block (@code{hs-show-block}). |
37997
c329103798cc
(Hideshow): Fix the docs of keybindings which used a single `@'.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37978
diff
changeset
|
1277 @item C-c @@ C-c |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1278 Either hide or show the current block (@code{hs-toggle-hiding}) |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1279 @item S-Mouse-2 |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1280 Either hide or show the block you click on (@code{hs-mouse-toggle-hiding}) |
37997
c329103798cc
(Hideshow): Fix the docs of keybindings which used a single `@'.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37978
diff
changeset
|
1281 @item C-c @@ C-M-h |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1282 Hide all top-level blocks (@code{hs-hide-all}). |
37997
c329103798cc
(Hideshow): Fix the docs of keybindings which used a single `@'.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37978
diff
changeset
|
1283 @item C-c @@ C-M-s |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1284 Show everything in the buffer (@code{hs-show-all}). |
37997
c329103798cc
(Hideshow): Fix the docs of keybindings which used a single `@'.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37978
diff
changeset
|
1285 @item C-c @@ C-l |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1286 Hide all blocks @var{n} levels below this block |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1287 (@code{hs-hide-level}). |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1288 @end table |
28329
6e740f27f255
(Programs): Mention outline features.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27221
diff
changeset
|
1289 |
6e740f27f255
(Programs): Mention outline features.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27221
diff
changeset
|
1290 @vindex hs-hide-comments-when-hiding-all |
6e740f27f255
(Programs): Mention outline features.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27221
diff
changeset
|
1291 @vindex hs-isearch-open |
6e740f27f255
(Programs): Mention outline features.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27221
diff
changeset
|
1292 @vindex hs-special-modes-alist |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1293 These user options exist for customizing Hideshow mode. |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1294 |
28329
6e740f27f255
(Programs): Mention outline features.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27221
diff
changeset
|
1295 @table @code |
6e740f27f255
(Programs): Mention outline features.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27221
diff
changeset
|
1296 @item hs-hide-comments-when-hiding-all |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1297 Non-@code{nil} says that @kbd{hs-hide-all} should hide comments too. |
38231
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
1298 |
28329
6e740f27f255
(Programs): Mention outline features.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27221
diff
changeset
|
1299 @item hs-isearch-open |
6e740f27f255
(Programs): Mention outline features.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27221
diff
changeset
|
1300 Specifies what kind of hidden blocks to open in Isearch mode. |
38231
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
1301 The value should be one of these four symbols. |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
1302 |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
1303 @table @code |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
1304 @item block |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
1305 Open only blocks. |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
1306 @item comment |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
1307 Open only comments. |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
1308 @item t |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
1309 Open both blocks and comments. |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
1310 @item nil |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
1311 Open neither blocks nor comments. |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
1312 @end table |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
1313 |
28329
6e740f27f255
(Programs): Mention outline features.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27221
diff
changeset
|
1314 @item hs-special-modes-alist |
38231
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
1315 A list of elements, each Specifying how to initialize Hideshow |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
1316 variables for one major mode. See the variable's documentation string |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
1317 for more information. |
28329
6e740f27f255
(Programs): Mention outline features.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27221
diff
changeset
|
1318 @end table |
6e740f27f255
(Programs): Mention outline features.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27221
diff
changeset
|
1319 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1320 @node Symbol Completion |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1321 @section Completion for Symbol Names |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1322 @cindex completion (symbol names) |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1323 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1324 Usually completion happens in the minibuffer. But one kind of completion |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1325 is available in all buffers: completion for symbol names. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1326 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1327 @kindex M-TAB |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1328 The character @kbd{M-@key{TAB}} runs a command to complete the partial |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1329 symbol before point against the set of meaningful symbol names. Any |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1330 additional characters determined by the partial name are inserted at |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1331 point. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1332 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1333 If the partial name in the buffer has more than one possible completion |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1334 and they have no additional characters in common, a list of all possible |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1335 completions is displayed in another window. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1336 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1337 @cindex tags-based completion |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1338 @cindex Info index completion |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1339 @findex complete-symbol |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1340 In most programming language major modes, @kbd{M-@key{TAB}} runs the |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1341 command @code{complete-symbol}, which provides two kinds of completion. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1342 Normally it does completion based on a tags table (@pxref{Tags}); with a |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1343 numeric argument (regardless of the value), it does completion based on |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1344 the names listed in the Info file indexes for your language. Thus, to |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1345 complete the name of a symbol defined in your own program, use |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1346 @kbd{M-@key{TAB}} with no argument; to complete the name of a standard |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1347 library function, use @kbd{C-u M-@key{TAB}}. Of course, Info-based |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1348 completion works only if there is an Info file for the standard library |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1349 functions of your language, and only if it is installed at your site. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1350 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1351 @cindex Lisp symbol completion |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1352 @cindex completion (Lisp symbols) |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1353 @findex lisp-complete-symbol |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1354 In Emacs-Lisp mode, the name space for completion normally consists of |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1355 nontrivial symbols present in Emacs---those that have function |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1356 definitions, values or properties. However, if there is an |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1357 open-parenthesis immediately before the beginning of the partial symbol, |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1358 only symbols with function definitions are considered as completions. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1359 The command which implements this is @code{lisp-complete-symbol}. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1360 |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1361 In Text mode and related modes, @kbd{M-@key{TAB}} completes words |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1362 based on the spell-checker's dictionary. @xref{Spelling}. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1363 |
30810
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1364 @node Glasses |
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1365 @section Glasses minor mode |
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1366 @cindex Glasses mode |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1367 @cindex identifiers, making long ones readable |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1368 @cindex StudlyCaps, making them readable |
30810
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1369 @findex glasses-mode |
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1370 |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1371 Glasses minor mode makes @samp{unreadableIdentifiersLikeThis} |
38231
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
1372 readable by altering the display. It knows two different ways to do |
a94c26975e95
Explain purpose of mode hooks.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38212
diff
changeset
|
1373 this: by displaying underscores between a lower-case letter and the |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1374 following capital letter, or by emboldening the capital letters. It |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1375 does not alter the buffer text, only the way they display, so you can |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1376 use it even on read-only buffers. You can use the command @kbd{M-x |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1377 glasses-mode} to enable or disable the mode; you can also add |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1378 @code{glasses-mode} to the mode hook of appropriate programming |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1379 language major modes. |
30810
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1380 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1381 @node Misc for Programs |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1382 @section Other Features Useful for Editing Programs |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1383 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1384 A number of Emacs commands that aren't designed specifically for |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1385 editing programs are useful for it nonetheless. |
26292
81cd0c225dd9
Last changes for etags (I hope).
Francesco Potortì <pot@gnu.org>
parents:
26289
diff
changeset
|
1386 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1387 The Emacs commands that operate on words, sentences and paragraphs |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1388 are useful for editing code. Most symbols names contain words |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1389 (@pxref{Words}); sentences can be found in strings and comments |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1390 (@pxref{Sentences}). Paragraphs in the strict sense may be found in |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1391 program code (in long comments), but the paragraph commands are useful |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1392 in other places too, because programming language major modes define |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1393 paragraphs to begin and end at blank lines (@pxref{Paragraphs}). |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1394 Judicious use of blank lines to make the program clearer will also |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1395 provide useful chunks of text for the paragraph commands to work on. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1396 Auto Fill mode, if enabled in a programming language major mode, |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1397 indents the new lines which it creates. |
25829 | 1398 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1399 The selective display feature is useful for looking at the overall |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1400 structure of a function (@pxref{Selective Display}). This feature |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1401 hides the lines that are indented more than a specified amount. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1402 Programming modes often support Outline minor mode (@pxref{Outline |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1403 Mode}). The Foldout package provides folding-editor features |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1404 (@pxref{Foldout}). |
25829 | 1405 |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1406 The ``automatic typing'' features may be useful for writing programs. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1407 @xref{Top,,Autotyping, autotype, Autotyping}. |
25829 | 1408 |
1409 @node C Modes | |
1410 @section C and Related Modes | |
1411 @cindex C mode | |
1412 @cindex Java mode | |
1413 @cindex Pike mode | |
1414 @cindex IDL mode | |
1415 @cindex CORBA IDL mode | |
1416 @cindex Objective C mode | |
1417 @cindex C++ mode | |
1418 @cindex mode, Java | |
1419 @cindex mode, C | |
1420 @cindex mode, Objective C | |
1421 @cindex mode, CORBA IDL | |
1422 @cindex mode, Pike | |
1423 | |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1424 This section gives a brief description of the special features |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1425 available in C, C++, Objective-C, Java, CORBA IDL, and Pike modes. |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1426 (These are called ``C mode and related modes.'') @xref{Top, CC Mode, |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1427 ccmode, , CC Mode}, for a more extensive description of these modes |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1428 and their special features. |
28329
6e740f27f255
(Programs): Mention outline features.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27221
diff
changeset
|
1429 |
25829 | 1430 @menu |
38212
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1431 * Motion in C:: Commands to move by C statements, etc. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1432 * Electric C:: Colon and other chars can automatically reindent. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1433 * Hungry Delete:: A more powerful DEL command. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1434 * Other C Commands:: Filling comments, viewing expansion of macros, |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1435 and other neat features. |
6b14cc47a4f2
Major rewrite. Sections Tags, Emerge, Change Log and Authors
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38164
diff
changeset
|
1436 * Comments in C:: Options for customizing comment style. |
25829 | 1437 @end menu |
1438 | |
1439 @node Motion in C | |
1440 @subsection C Mode Motion Commands | |
1441 | |
1442 This section describes commands for moving point, in C mode and | |
1443 related modes. | |
1444 | |
1445 @table @code | |
1446 @item C-c C-u | |
1447 @kindex C-c C-u @r{(C mode)} | |
1448 @findex c-up-conditional | |
1449 Move point back to the containing preprocessor conditional, leaving the | |
1450 mark behind. A prefix argument acts as a repeat count. With a negative | |
1451 argument, move point forward to the end of the containing | |
1452 preprocessor conditional. When going backwards, @code{#elif} is treated | |
1453 like @code{#else} followed by @code{#if}. When going forwards, | |
1454 @code{#elif} is ignored.@refill | |
1455 | |
1456 @item C-c C-p | |
1457 @kindex C-c C-p @r{(C mode)} | |
1458 @findex c-backward-conditional | |
1459 Move point back over a preprocessor conditional, leaving the mark | |
1460 behind. A prefix argument acts as a repeat count. With a negative | |
1461 argument, move forward. | |
1462 | |
1463 @item C-c C-n | |
1464 @kindex C-c C-n @r{(C mode)} | |
1465 @findex c-forward-conditional | |
1466 Move point forward across a preprocessor conditional, leaving the mark | |
1467 behind. A prefix argument acts as a repeat count. With a negative | |
1468 argument, move backward. | |
1469 | |
1470 @item M-a | |
1471 @kindex ESC a | |
1472 @findex c-beginning-of-statement | |
1473 Move point to the beginning of the innermost C statement | |
1474 (@code{c-beginning-of-statement}). If point is already at the beginning | |
1475 of a statement, move to the beginning of the preceding statement. With | |
1476 prefix argument @var{n}, move back @var{n} @minus{} 1 statements. | |
1477 | |
1478 If point is within a string or comment, or next to a comment (only | |
1479 whitespace between them), this command moves by sentences instead of | |
1480 statements. | |
1481 | |
1482 When called from a program, this function takes three optional | |
1483 arguments: the numeric prefix argument, a buffer position limit | |
1484 (don't move back before that place), and a flag that controls whether | |
1485 to do sentence motion when inside of a comment. | |
1486 | |
1487 @item M-e | |
1488 @kindex ESC e | |
1489 @findex c-end-of-statement | |
1490 Move point to the end of the innermost C statement; like @kbd{M-a} | |
1491 except that it moves in the other direction (@code{c-end-of-statement}). | |
1492 | |
1493 @item M-x c-backward-into-nomenclature | |
1494 @findex c-backward-into-nomenclature | |
1495 Move point backward to beginning of a C++ nomenclature section or word. | |
1496 With prefix argument @var{n}, move @var{n} times. If @var{n} is | |
1497 negative, move forward. C++ nomenclature means a symbol name in the | |
1498 style of NamingSymbolsWithMixedCaseAndNoUnderlines; each capital letter | |
1499 begins a section or word. | |
1500 | |
1501 In the GNU project, we recommend using underscores to separate words | |
1502 within an identifier in C or C++, rather than using case distinctions. | |
1503 | |
1504 @item M-x c-forward-into-nomenclature | |
1505 @findex c-forward-into-nomenclature | |
1506 Move point forward to end of a C++ nomenclature section or word. | |
1507 With prefix argument @var{n}, move @var{n} times. | |
1508 @end table | |
1509 | |
1510 @node Electric C | |
1511 @subsection Electric C Characters | |
1512 | |
1513 In C mode and related modes, certain printing characters are | |
1514 ``electric''---in addition to inserting themselves, they also reindent | |
1515 the current line and may insert newlines. This feature is controlled by | |
1516 the variable @code{c-auto-newline}. The ``electric'' characters are | |
1517 @kbd{@{}, @kbd{@}}, @kbd{:}, @kbd{#}, @kbd{;}, @kbd{,}, @kbd{<}, | |
1518 @kbd{>}, @kbd{/}, @kbd{*}, @kbd{(}, and @kbd{)}. | |
1519 | |
1520 Electric characters insert newlines only when the @dfn{auto-newline} | |
1521 feature is enabled (indicated by @samp{/a} in the mode line after the | |
1522 mode name). This feature is controlled by the variable | |
1523 @code{c-auto-newline}. You can turn this feature on or off with the | |
1524 command @kbd{C-c C-a}: | |
1525 | |
1526 @table @kbd | |
1527 @item C-c C-a | |
1528 @kindex C-c C-a @r{(C mode)} | |
1529 @findex c-toggle-auto-state | |
1530 Toggle the auto-newline feature (@code{c-toggle-auto-state}). With a | |
1531 prefix argument, this command turns the auto-newline feature on if the | |
1532 argument is positive, and off if it is negative. | |
1533 @end table | |
1534 | |
1535 The colon character is electric because that is appropriate for a | |
1536 single colon. But when you want to insert a double colon in C++, the | |
1537 electric behavior of colon is inconvenient. You can insert a double | |
1538 colon with no reindentation or newlines by typing @kbd{C-c :}: | |
1539 | |
1540 @table @kbd | |
1541 @item C-c : | |
1542 @kindex C-c : @r{(C mode)} | |
1543 @findex c-scope-operator | |
1544 Insert a double colon scope operator at point, without reindenting the | |
1545 line or adding any newlines (@code{c-scope-operator}). | |
1546 @end table | |
1547 | |
1548 The electric @kbd{#} key reindents the line if it appears to be the | |
1549 beginning of a preprocessor directive. This happens when the value of | |
1550 @code{c-electric-pound-behavior} is @code{(alignleft)}. You can turn | |
1551 this feature off by setting @code{c-electric-pound-behavior} to | |
1552 @code{nil}. | |
1553 | |
1554 The variable @code{c-hanging-braces-alist} controls the insertion of | |
1555 newlines before and after inserted braces. It is an association list | |
1556 with elements of the following form: @code{(@var{syntactic-symbol} | |
1557 . @var{nl-list})}. Most of the syntactic symbols that appear in | |
1558 @code{c-offsets-alist} are meaningful here as well. | |
1559 | |
1560 The list @var{nl-list} may contain either of the symbols | |
1561 @code{before} or @code{after}, or both; or it may be @code{nil}. When a | |
1562 brace is inserted, the syntactic context it defines is looked up in | |
1563 @code{c-hanging-braces-alist}; if it is found, the @var{nl-list} is used | |
1564 to determine where newlines are inserted: either before the brace, | |
1565 after, or both. If not found, the default is to insert a newline both | |
1566 before and after braces. | |
1567 | |
1568 The variable @code{c-hanging-colons-alist} controls the insertion of | |
1569 newlines before and after inserted colons. It is an association list | |
1570 with elements of the following form: @code{(@var{syntactic-symbol} | |
1571 . @var{nl-list})}. The list @var{nl-list} may contain either of the | |
1572 symbols @code{before} or @code{after}, or both; or it may be @code{nil}. | |
1573 | |
1574 When a colon is inserted, the syntactic symbol it defines is looked | |
1575 up in this list, and if found, the @var{nl-list} is used to determine | |
1576 where newlines are inserted: either before the brace, after, or both. | |
1577 If the syntactic symbol is not found in this list, no newlines are | |
1578 inserted. | |
1579 | |
1580 Electric characters can also delete newlines automatically when the | |
1581 auto-newline feature is enabled. This feature makes auto-newline more | |
1582 acceptable, by deleting the newlines in the most common cases where you | |
1583 do not want them. Emacs can recognize several cases in which deleting a | |
1584 newline might be desirable; by setting the variable | |
1585 @code{c-cleanup-list}, you can specify @emph{which} of these cases that | |
1586 should happen. The variable's value is a list of symbols, each | |
1587 describing one case for possible deletion of a newline. Here are the | |
1588 meaningful symbols, and their meanings: | |
1589 | |
1590 @table @code | |
1591 @item brace-catch-brace | |
1592 Clean up @samp{@} catch (@var{condition}) @{} constructs by placing the | |
1593 entire construct on a single line. The clean-up occurs when you type | |
1594 the @samp{@{}, if there is nothing between the braces aside from | |
1595 @code{catch} and @var{condition}. | |
1596 | |
1597 @item brace-else-brace | |
1598 Clean up @samp{@} else @{} constructs by placing the entire construct on | |
1599 a single line. The clean-up occurs when you type the @samp{@{} after | |
1600 the @code{else}, but only if there is nothing but white space between | |
1601 the braces and the @code{else}. | |
1602 | |
1603 @item brace-elseif-brace | |
1604 Clean up @samp{@} else if (@dots{}) @{} constructs by placing the entire | |
1605 construct on a single line. The clean-up occurs when you type the | |
1606 @samp{@{}, if there is nothing but white space between the @samp{@}} and | |
1607 @samp{@{} aside from the keywords and the @code{if}-condition. | |
1608 | |
1609 @item empty-defun-braces | |
1610 Clean up empty defun braces by placing the braces on the same | |
1611 line. Clean-up occurs when you type the closing brace. | |
1612 | |
1613 @item defun-close-semi | |
1614 Clean up the semicolon after a @code{struct} or similar type | |
1615 declaration, by placing the semicolon on the same line as the closing | |
1616 brace. Clean-up occurs when you type the semicolon. | |
1617 | |
1618 @item list-close-comma | |
1619 Clean up commas following braces in array and aggregate | |
1620 initializers. Clean-up occurs when you type the comma. | |
1621 | |
1622 @item scope-operator | |
1623 Clean up double colons which may designate a C++ scope operator, by | |
1624 placing the colons together. Clean-up occurs when you type the second | |
1625 colon, but only when the two colons are separated by nothing but | |
1626 whitespace. | |
1627 @end table | |
1628 | |
1629 @node Hungry Delete | |
1630 @subsection Hungry Delete Feature in C | |
1631 | |
1632 When the @dfn{hungry-delete} feature is enabled (indicated by | |
1633 @samp{/h} or @samp{/ah} in the mode line after the mode name), a single | |
1634 @key{DEL} command deletes all preceding whitespace, not just one space. | |
1635 To turn this feature on or off, use @kbd{C-c C-d}: | |
1636 | |
1637 @table @kbd | |
1638 @item C-c C-d | |
1639 @kindex C-c C-d @r{(C mode)} | |
1640 @findex c-toggle-hungry-state | |
1641 Toggle the hungry-delete feature (@code{c-toggle-hungry-state}). With a | |
1642 prefix argument, this command turns the hungry-delete feature on if the | |
1643 argument is positive, and off if it is negative. | |
1644 | |
1645 @item C-c C-t | |
1646 @kindex C-c C-t @r{(C mode)} | |
1647 @findex c-toggle-auto-hungry-state | |
1648 Toggle the auto-newline and hungry-delete features, both at once | |
1649 (@code{c-toggle-auto-hungry-state}). | |
1650 @end table | |
1651 | |
1652 @vindex c-hungry-delete-key | |
1653 The variable @code{c-hungry-delete-key} controls whether the | |
1654 hungry-delete feature is enabled. | |
1655 | |
1656 @node Other C Commands | |
1657 @subsection Other Commands for C Mode | |
1658 | |
1659 @table @kbd | |
1660 @item C-M-h | |
1661 Put mark at the end of a function definition, and put point at the | |
1662 beginning (@code{c-mark-function}). | |
1663 | |
1664 @item M-q | |
1665 @kindex M-q @r{(C mode)} | |
1666 @findex c-fill-paragraph | |
1667 Fill a paragraph, handling C and C++ comments (@code{c-fill-paragraph}). | |
1668 If any part of the current line is a comment or within a comment, this | |
1669 command fills the comment or the paragraph of it that point is in, | |
1670 preserving the comment indentation and comment delimiters. | |
1671 | |
1672 @item C-c C-e | |
1673 @cindex macro expansion in C | |
1674 @cindex expansion of C macros | |
1675 @findex c-macro-expand | |
1676 @kindex C-c C-e @r{(C mode)} | |
1677 Run the C preprocessor on the text in the region, and show the result, | |
1678 which includes the expansion of all the macro calls | |
1679 (@code{c-macro-expand}). The buffer text before the region is also | |
1680 included in preprocessing, for the sake of macros defined there, but the | |
1681 output from this part isn't shown. | |
1682 | |
1683 When you are debugging C code that uses macros, sometimes it is hard to | |
1684 figure out precisely how the macros expand. With this command, you | |
1685 don't have to figure it out; you can see the expansions. | |
1686 | |
1687 @item C-c C-\ | |
1688 @findex c-backslash-region | |
1689 @kindex C-c C-\ @r{(C mode)} | |
1690 Insert or align @samp{\} characters at the ends of the lines of the | |
1691 region (@code{c-backslash-region}). This is useful after writing or | |
1692 editing a C macro definition. | |
1693 | |
1694 If a line already ends in @samp{\}, this command adjusts the amount of | |
1695 whitespace before it. Otherwise, it inserts a new @samp{\}. However, | |
1696 the last line in the region is treated specially; no @samp{\} is | |
1697 inserted on that line, and any @samp{\} there is deleted. | |
1698 | |
1699 @item M-x cpp-highlight-buffer | |
1700 @cindex preprocessor highlighting | |
1701 @findex cpp-highlight-buffer | |
1702 Highlight parts of the text according to its preprocessor conditionals. | |
1703 This command displays another buffer named @samp{*CPP Edit*}, which | |
1704 serves as a graphic menu for selecting how to display particular kinds | |
1705 of conditionals and their contents. After changing various settings, | |
1706 click on @samp{[A]pply these settings} (or go to that buffer and type | |
1707 @kbd{a}) to rehighlight the C mode buffer accordingly. | |
1708 | |
1709 @item C-c C-s | |
1710 @findex c-show-syntactic-information | |
1711 @kindex C-c C-s @r{(C mode)} | |
1712 Display the syntactic information about the current source line | |
1713 (@code{c-show-syntactic-information}). This is the information that | |
1714 directs how the line is indented. | |
30810
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1715 |
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1716 @item M-x cwarn-mode |
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1717 @itemx M-x global-cwarn-mode |
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1718 @findex cwarn-mode |
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1719 @findex global-cwarn-mode |
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1720 @cindex CWarn mode |
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1721 @cindex suspicious constructions in C, C++ |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1722 CWarn minor mode highlights certain suspicious C and C++ constructions: |
30810
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1723 |
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1724 @itemize @bullet{} |
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1725 @item |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1726 Assignments inside expressions. |
30810
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1727 @item |
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1728 Semicolon following immediately after @samp{if}, @samp{for}, and @samp{while} |
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1729 (except after a @samp{do @dots{} while} statement); |
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1730 @item |
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1731 C++ functions with reference parameters. |
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1732 @end itemize |
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1733 |
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1734 @noindent |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1735 You can enable the mode for one buffer with the command @kbd{M-x |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1736 cwarn-mode}, or for all suitable buffers with the command @kbd{M-x |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1737 global-cwarn-mode} or by customizing the variable |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1738 @code{global-cwarn-mode}. You must also enable Font Lock mode to make |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1739 it work. |
30810
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1740 |
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1741 @item M-x hide-ifdef-mode |
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1742 @findex hide-ifdef-mode |
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1743 @cindex Hide-ifdef mode |
6c6b0162bae2
Tidy up previous additions. List more languages. Glasses mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
30793
diff
changeset
|
1744 Hide-ifdef minor mode hides selected code within @samp{#if} and |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1745 @samp{#ifdef} preprocessor blocks. See the documentation string of |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1746 @code{hide-ifdef-mode} for more information. |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1747 |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1748 @item M-x ff-find-related-file |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1749 @cindex related files |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1750 @findex ff-find-related-file |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1751 @vindex ff-related-file-alist |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1752 Find a file ``related'' in a special way to the file visited by the |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1753 current buffer. Typically this will be the header file corresponding |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1754 to a C/C++ source file, or vice versa. The variable |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1755 @code{ff-related-file-alist} specifies how to compute related file |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1756 names. |
25829 | 1757 @end table |
1758 | |
1759 @node Comments in C | |
1760 @subsection Comments in C Modes | |
1761 | |
1762 C mode and related modes use a number of variables for controlling | |
1763 comment format. | |
1764 | |
1765 @table @code | |
1766 @item c-comment-only-line-offset | |
1767 @vindex c-comment-only-line-offset | |
1768 Extra offset for line which contains only the start of a comment. It | |
1769 can be either an integer or a cons cell of the form | |
1770 @code{(@var{non-anchored-offset} . @var{anchored-offset})}, where | |
1771 @var{non-anchored-offset} is the amount of offset given to | |
1772 non-column-zero anchored comment-only lines, and @var{anchored-offset} | |
1773 is the amount of offset to give column-zero anchored comment-only lines. | |
1774 Just an integer as value is equivalent to @code{(@var{val} . 0)}. | |
1775 | |
1776 @item c-comment-start-regexp | |
1777 @vindex c-comment-start-regexp | |
1778 This buffer-local variable specifies how to recognize the start of a comment. | |
1779 | |
1780 @item c-hanging-comment-ender-p | |
1781 @vindex c-hanging-comment-ender-p | |
1782 If this variable is @code{nil}, @code{c-fill-paragraph} leaves the | |
1783 comment terminator of a block comment on a line by itself. The default | |
1784 value is @code{t}, which puts the comment-end delimiter @samp{*/} at the | |
1785 end of the last line of the comment text. | |
1786 | |
1787 @item c-hanging-comment-starter-p | |
1788 @vindex c-hanging-comment-starter-p | |
1789 If this variable is @code{nil}, @code{c-fill-paragraph} leaves the | |
1790 starting delimiter of a block comment on a line by itself. The default | |
1791 value is @code{t}, which puts the comment-start delimiter @samp{/*} at | |
1792 the beginning of the first line of the comment text. | |
1793 @end table | |
1794 | |
1795 @node Fortran | |
1796 @section Fortran Mode | |
1797 @cindex Fortran mode | |
1798 @cindex mode, Fortran | |
1799 | |
1800 Fortran mode provides special motion commands for Fortran statements and | |
1801 subprograms, and indentation commands that understand Fortran conventions | |
1802 of nesting, line numbers and continuation statements. Fortran mode has | |
1803 its own Auto Fill mode that breaks long lines into proper Fortran | |
1804 continuation lines. | |
1805 | |
1806 Special commands for comments are provided because Fortran comments | |
1807 are unlike those of other languages. Built-in abbrevs optionally save | |
1808 typing when you insert Fortran keywords. | |
1809 | |
1810 Use @kbd{M-x fortran-mode} to switch to this major mode. This command | |
1811 runs the hook @code{fortran-mode-hook} (@pxref{Hooks}). | |
1812 | |
36263
11db0318031d
Remove redundant index entries.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36198
diff
changeset
|
1813 @cindex Fortran77 and Fortran90 |
26106 | 1814 @findex f90-mode |
1815 @findex fortran-mode | |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1816 Fortan mode is meant for editing Fortran77 ``fixed format'' source |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1817 code. For editing the modern Fortran90 ``free format'' source code, |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1818 use F90 mode (@code{f90-mode}). Emacs normally uses Fortran mode for |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1819 files with extension @samp{.f}, @samp{.F} or @samp{.for}, and F90 mode |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1820 for the extension @samp{.f90}. GNU Fortran supports both kinds of |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1821 format. |
26106 | 1822 |
25829 | 1823 @menu |
1824 * Motion: Fortran Motion. Moving point by statements or subprograms. | |
1825 * Indent: Fortran Indent. Indentation commands for Fortran. | |
1826 * Comments: Fortran Comments. Inserting and aligning comments. | |
1827 * Autofill: Fortran Autofill. Auto fill minor mode for Fortran. | |
1828 * Columns: Fortran Columns. Measuring columns for valid Fortran. | |
1829 * Abbrev: Fortran Abbrev. Built-in abbrevs for Fortran keywords. | |
1830 @end menu | |
1831 | |
1832 @node Fortran Motion | |
1833 @subsection Motion Commands | |
1834 | |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1835 In addition to the normal commands for moving by and operating on |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1836 ``defuns'' (Fortran subprograms---functions and subroutines), Fortran |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1837 mode provides special commands to move by statements. |
25829 | 1838 |
1839 @table @kbd | |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1840 @kindex C-c C-n @r{(Fortran mode)} |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1841 @findex fortran-next-statement |
25829 | 1842 @item C-c C-n |
1843 Move to beginning of current or next statement | |
1844 (@code{fortran-next-statement}). | |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1845 |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1846 @kindex C-c C-p @r{(Fortran mode)} |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1847 @findex fortran-previous-statement |
25829 | 1848 @item C-c C-p |
1849 Move to beginning of current or previous statement | |
1850 (@code{fortran-previous-statement}). | |
1851 @end table | |
1852 | |
1853 @node Fortran Indent | |
1854 @subsection Fortran Indentation | |
1855 | |
1856 Special commands and features are needed for indenting Fortran code in | |
1857 order to make sure various syntactic entities (line numbers, comment line | |
1858 indicators and continuation line flags) appear in the columns that are | |
1859 required for standard Fortran. | |
1860 | |
1861 @menu | |
27221
4a723a7bc25a
Mention outline-minor-mode, check-parens,
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26462
diff
changeset
|
1862 * Commands: ForIndent Commands. Commands for indenting and filling Fortran. |
25829 | 1863 * Contline: ForIndent Cont. How continuation lines indent. |
1864 * Numbers: ForIndent Num. How line numbers auto-indent. | |
1865 * Conv: ForIndent Conv. Conventions you must obey to avoid trouble. | |
1866 * Vars: ForIndent Vars. Variables controlling Fortran indent style. | |
1867 @end menu | |
1868 | |
1869 @node ForIndent Commands | |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1870 @subsubsection Fortran Indentation and Filling Commands |
25829 | 1871 |
1872 @table @kbd | |
1873 @item C-M-j | |
27221
4a723a7bc25a
Mention outline-minor-mode, check-parens,
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26462
diff
changeset
|
1874 Break the current line and set up a continuation line |
4a723a7bc25a
Mention outline-minor-mode, check-parens,
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26462
diff
changeset
|
1875 (@code{fortran-split-line}). |
25829 | 1876 @item M-^ |
27221
4a723a7bc25a
Mention outline-minor-mode, check-parens,
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26462
diff
changeset
|
1877 Join this line to the previous line (@code{fortran-join-line}). |
25829 | 1878 @item C-M-q |
1879 Indent all the lines of the subprogram point is in | |
1880 (@code{fortran-indent-subprogram}). | |
27221
4a723a7bc25a
Mention outline-minor-mode, check-parens,
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26462
diff
changeset
|
1881 @item M-q |
4a723a7bc25a
Mention outline-minor-mode, check-parens,
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26462
diff
changeset
|
1882 Fill a comment block or statement. |
25829 | 1883 @end table |
1884 | |
1885 @kindex C-M-q @r{(Fortran mode)} | |
1886 @findex fortran-indent-subprogram | |
1887 The key @kbd{C-M-q} runs @code{fortran-indent-subprogram}, a command | |
1888 to reindent all the lines of the Fortran subprogram (function or | |
1889 subroutine) containing point. | |
1890 | |
1891 @kindex C-M-j @r{(Fortran mode)} | |
1892 @findex fortran-split-line | |
1893 The key @kbd{C-M-j} runs @code{fortran-split-line}, which splits | |
1894 a line in the appropriate fashion for Fortran. In a non-comment line, | |
1895 the second half becomes a continuation line and is indented | |
1896 accordingly. In a comment line, both halves become separate comment | |
1897 lines. | |
1898 | |
1899 @kindex M-^ @r{(Fortran mode)} | |
26106 | 1900 @kindex C-c C-d @r{(Fortran mode)} |
1901 @findex fortran-join-line | |
27221
4a723a7bc25a
Mention outline-minor-mode, check-parens,
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26462
diff
changeset
|
1902 @kbd{M-^} or @kbd{C-c C-d} runs the command @code{fortran-join-line}, |
4a723a7bc25a
Mention outline-minor-mode, check-parens,
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26462
diff
changeset
|
1903 which joins a continuation line back to the previous line, roughly as |
4a723a7bc25a
Mention outline-minor-mode, check-parens,
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26462
diff
changeset
|
1904 the inverse of @code{fortran-split-line}. The point must be on a |
26106 | 1905 continuation line when this command is invoked. |
1906 | |
27221
4a723a7bc25a
Mention outline-minor-mode, check-parens,
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26462
diff
changeset
|
1907 @kindex M-q @r{(Fortran mode)} |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1908 @kbd{M-q} in Fortran mode fills the comment block or statement that |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
1909 point is in. This removes any excess statement continuations. |
27221
4a723a7bc25a
Mention outline-minor-mode, check-parens,
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26462
diff
changeset
|
1910 |
25829 | 1911 @node ForIndent Cont |
1912 @subsubsection Continuation Lines | |
1913 @cindex Fortran continuation lines | |
1914 | |
1915 @vindex fortran-continuation-string | |
1916 Most modern Fortran compilers allow two ways of writing continuation | |
1917 lines. If the first non-space character on a line is in column 5, then | |
1918 that line is a continuation of the previous line. We call this | |
1919 @dfn{fixed format}. (In GNU Emacs we always count columns from 0.) The | |
1920 variable @code{fortran-continuation-string} specifies what character to | |
1921 put on column 5. A line that starts with a tab character followed by | |
1922 any digit except @samp{0} is also a continuation line. We call this | |
1923 style of continuation @dfn{tab format}. | |
1924 | |
1925 @vindex indent-tabs-mode @r{(Fortran mode)} | |
1926 Fortran mode can make either style of continuation line, but you | |
1927 must specify which one you prefer. The value of the variable | |
1928 @code{indent-tabs-mode} controls the choice: @code{nil} for fixed | |
1929 format, and non-@code{nil} for tab format. You can tell which style | |
1930 is presently in effect by the presence or absence of the string | |
1931 @samp{Tab} in the mode line. | |
1932 | |
1933 If the text on a line starts with the conventional Fortran | |
1934 continuation marker @samp{$}, or if it begins with any non-whitespace | |
1935 character in column 5, Fortran mode treats it as a continuation line. | |
1936 When you indent a continuation line with @key{TAB}, it converts the line | |
1937 to the current continuation style. When you split a Fortran statement | |
1938 with @kbd{C-M-j}, the continuation marker on the newline is created | |
1939 according to the continuation style. | |
1940 | |
1941 The setting of continuation style affects several other aspects of | |
1942 editing in Fortran mode. In fixed format mode, the minimum column | |
1943 number for the body of a statement is 6. Lines inside of Fortran | |
1944 blocks that are indented to larger column numbers always use only the | |
1945 space character for whitespace. In tab format mode, the minimum | |
1946 column number for the statement body is 8, and the whitespace before | |
1947 column 8 must always consist of one tab character. | |
1948 | |
1949 @vindex fortran-tab-mode-default | |
1950 @vindex fortran-analyze-depth | |
1951 When you enter Fortran mode for an existing file, it tries to deduce the | |
1952 proper continuation style automatically from the file contents. The first | |
1953 line that begins with either a tab character or six spaces determines the | |
1954 choice. The variable @code{fortran-analyze-depth} specifies how many lines | |
1955 to consider (at the beginning of the file); if none of those lines | |
1956 indicates a style, then the variable @code{fortran-tab-mode-default} | |
1957 specifies the style. If it is @code{nil}, that specifies fixed format, and | |
1958 non-@code{nil} specifies tab format. | |
1959 | |
1960 @node ForIndent Num | |
1961 @subsubsection Line Numbers | |
1962 | |
1963 If a number is the first non-whitespace in the line, Fortran | |
1964 indentation assumes it is a line number and moves it to columns 0 | |
1965 through 4. (Columns always count from 0 in GNU Emacs.) | |
1966 | |
1967 @vindex fortran-line-number-indent | |
1968 Line numbers of four digits or less are normally indented one space. | |
1969 The variable @code{fortran-line-number-indent} controls this; it | |
1970 specifies the maximum indentation a line number can have. Line numbers | |
1971 are indented to right-justify them to end in column 4 unless that would | |
1972 require more than this maximum indentation. The default value of the | |
1973 variable is 1. | |
1974 | |
1975 @vindex fortran-electric-line-number | |
1976 Simply inserting a line number is enough to indent it according to | |
1977 these rules. As each digit is inserted, the indentation is recomputed. | |
1978 To turn off this feature, set the variable | |
1979 @code{fortran-electric-line-number} to @code{nil}. Then inserting line | |
1980 numbers is like inserting anything else. | |
1981 | |
1982 @node ForIndent Conv | |
1983 @subsubsection Syntactic Conventions | |
1984 | |
1985 Fortran mode assumes that you follow certain conventions that simplify | |
1986 the task of understanding a Fortran program well enough to indent it | |
1987 properly: | |
1988 | |
1989 @itemize @bullet | |
1990 @item | |
1991 Two nested @samp{do} loops never share a @samp{continue} statement. | |
1992 | |
1993 @item | |
1994 Fortran keywords such as @samp{if}, @samp{else}, @samp{then}, @samp{do} | |
1995 and others are written without embedded whitespace or line breaks. | |
1996 | |
1997 Fortran compilers generally ignore whitespace outside of string | |
1998 constants, but Fortran mode does not recognize these keywords if they | |
1999 are not contiguous. Constructs such as @samp{else if} or @samp{end do} | |
2000 are acceptable, but the second word should be on the same line as the | |
2001 first and not on a continuation line. | |
2002 @end itemize | |
2003 | |
2004 @noindent | |
2005 If you fail to follow these conventions, the indentation commands may | |
2006 indent some lines unaesthetically. However, a correct Fortran program | |
2007 retains its meaning when reindented even if the conventions are not | |
2008 followed. | |
2009 | |
2010 @node ForIndent Vars | |
2011 @subsubsection Variables for Fortran Indentation | |
2012 | |
2013 @vindex fortran-do-indent | |
2014 @vindex fortran-if-indent | |
2015 @vindex fortran-structure-indent | |
2016 @vindex fortran-continuation-indent | |
2017 @vindex fortran-check-all-num@dots{} | |
2018 @vindex fortran-minimum-statement-indent@dots{} | |
2019 Several additional variables control how Fortran indentation works: | |
2020 | |
2021 @table @code | |
2022 @item fortran-do-indent | |
2023 Extra indentation within each level of @samp{do} statement (default 3). | |
2024 | |
2025 @item fortran-if-indent | |
2026 Extra indentation within each level of @samp{if} statement (default 3). | |
2027 This value is also used for extra indentation within each level of the | |
2028 Fortran 90 @samp{where} statement. | |
2029 | |
2030 @item fortran-structure-indent | |
2031 Extra indentation within each level of @samp{structure}, @samp{union}, or | |
2032 @samp{map} statements (default 3). | |
2033 | |
2034 @item fortran-continuation-indent | |
2035 Extra indentation for bodies of continuation lines (default 5). | |
2036 | |
2037 @item fortran-check-all-num-for-matching-do | |
2038 If this is @code{nil}, indentation assumes that each @samp{do} statement | |
2039 ends on a @samp{continue} statement. Therefore, when computing | |
2040 indentation for a statement other than @samp{continue}, it can save time | |
2041 by not checking for a @samp{do} statement ending there. If this is | |
2042 non-@code{nil}, indenting any numbered statement must check for a | |
2043 @samp{do} that ends there. The default is @code{nil}. | |
2044 | |
2045 @item fortran-blink-matching-if | |
2046 If this is @code{t}, indenting an @samp{endif} statement moves the | |
2047 cursor momentarily to the matching @samp{if} statement to show where it | |
2048 is. The default is @code{nil}. | |
2049 | |
2050 @item fortran-minimum-statement-indent-fixed | |
2051 Minimum indentation for fortran statements when using fixed format | |
2052 continuation line style. Statement bodies are never indented less than | |
2053 this much. The default is 6. | |
2054 | |
2055 @item fortran-minimum-statement-indent-tab | |
2056 Minimum indentation for fortran statements for tab format continuation line | |
2057 style. Statement bodies are never indented less than this much. The | |
2058 default is 8. | |
2059 @end table | |
2060 | |
2061 @node Fortran Comments | |
2062 @subsection Fortran Comments | |
2063 | |
2064 The usual Emacs comment commands assume that a comment can follow a line | |
2065 of code. In Fortran, the standard comment syntax requires an entire line | |
2066 to be just a comment. Therefore, Fortran mode replaces the standard Emacs | |
2067 comment commands and defines some new variables. | |
2068 | |
27221
4a723a7bc25a
Mention outline-minor-mode, check-parens,
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26462
diff
changeset
|
2069 Fortran mode can also handle the Fortran90 comment syntax where comments |
4a723a7bc25a
Mention outline-minor-mode, check-parens,
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26462
diff
changeset
|
2070 start with @samp{!} and can follow other text. Because only some Fortran77 |
25829 | 2071 compilers accept this syntax, Fortran mode will not insert such comments |
2072 unless you have said in advance to do so. To do this, set the variable | |
2073 @code{comment-start} to @samp{"!"} (@pxref{Variables}). | |
2074 | |
2075 @table @kbd | |
2076 @item M-; | |
2077 Align comment or insert new comment (@code{fortran-comment-indent}). | |
2078 | |
2079 @item C-x ; | |
2080 Applies to nonstandard @samp{!} comments only. | |
2081 | |
2082 @item C-c ; | |
2083 Turn all lines of the region into comments, or (with argument) turn them back | |
2084 into real code (@code{fortran-comment-region}). | |
2085 @end table | |
2086 | |
2087 @kbd{M-;} in Fortran mode is redefined as the command | |
2088 @code{fortran-comment-indent}. Like the usual @kbd{M-;} command, this | |
2089 recognizes any kind of existing comment and aligns its text appropriately; | |
2090 if there is no existing comment, a comment is inserted and aligned. But | |
2091 inserting and aligning comments are not the same in Fortran mode as in | |
2092 other modes. | |
2093 | |
2094 When a new comment must be inserted, if the current line is blank, a | |
2095 full-line comment is inserted. On a non-blank line, a nonstandard @samp{!} | |
2096 comment is inserted if you have said you want to use them. Otherwise a | |
2097 full-line comment is inserted on a new line before the current line. | |
2098 | |
2099 Nonstandard @samp{!} comments are aligned like comments in other | |
2100 languages, but full-line comments are different. In a standard full-line | |
2101 comment, the comment delimiter itself must always appear in column zero. | |
2102 What can be aligned is the text within the comment. You can choose from | |
2103 three styles of alignment by setting the variable | |
2104 @code{fortran-comment-indent-style} to one of these values: | |
2105 | |
2106 @vindex fortran-comment-indent-style | |
2107 @vindex fortran-comment-line-extra-indent | |
2108 @table @code | |
2109 @item fixed | |
2110 Align the text at a fixed column, which is the sum of | |
2111 @code{fortran-comment-line-extra-indent} and the minimum statement | |
2112 indentation. This is the default. | |
2113 | |
2114 The minimum statement indentation is | |
2115 @code{fortran-minimum-statement-indent-fixed} for fixed format | |
2116 continuation line style and @code{fortran-minimum-statement-indent-tab} | |
2117 for tab format style. | |
2118 | |
2119 @item relative | |
2120 Align the text as if it were a line of code, but with an additional | |
2121 @code{fortran-comment-line-extra-indent} columns of indentation. | |
2122 | |
2123 @item nil | |
2124 Don't move text in full-line comments automatically at all. | |
2125 @end table | |
2126 | |
2127 @vindex fortran-comment-indent-char | |
2128 In addition, you can specify the character to be used to indent within | |
2129 full-line comments by setting the variable | |
2130 @code{fortran-comment-indent-char} to the single-character string you want | |
2131 to use. | |
2132 | |
2133 @vindex comment-line-start | |
2134 @vindex comment-line-start-skip | |
2135 Fortran mode introduces two variables @code{comment-line-start} and | |
2136 @code{comment-line-start-skip}, which play for full-line comments the same | |
2137 roles played by @code{comment-start} and @code{comment-start-skip} for | |
2138 ordinary text-following comments. Normally these are set properly by | |
2139 Fortran mode, so you do not need to change them. | |
2140 | |
2141 The normal Emacs comment command @kbd{C-x ;} has not been redefined. If | |
2142 you use @samp{!} comments, this command can be used with them. Otherwise | |
2143 it is useless in Fortran mode. | |
2144 | |
2145 @kindex C-c ; @r{(Fortran mode)} | |
2146 @findex fortran-comment-region | |
2147 @vindex fortran-comment-region | |
2148 The command @kbd{C-c ;} (@code{fortran-comment-region}) turns all the | |
2149 lines of the region into comments by inserting the string @samp{C$$$} at | |
2150 the front of each one. With a numeric argument, it turns the region | |
2151 back into live code by deleting @samp{C$$$} from the front of each line | |
2152 in it. The string used for these comments can be controlled by setting | |
2153 the variable @code{fortran-comment-region}. Note that here we have an | |
2154 example of a command and a variable with the same name; these two uses | |
2155 of the name never conflict because in Lisp and in Emacs it is always | |
2156 clear from the context which one is meant. | |
2157 | |
2158 @node Fortran Autofill | |
2159 @subsection Fortran Auto Fill Mode | |
2160 | |
2161 Fortran Auto Fill mode is a minor mode which automatically splits | |
2162 Fortran statements as you insert them when they become too wide. | |
2163 Splitting a statement involves making continuation lines using | |
2164 @code{fortran-continuation-string} (@pxref{ForIndent Cont}). This | |
2165 splitting happens when you type @key{SPC}, @key{RET}, or @key{TAB}, and | |
2166 also in the Fortran indentation commands. | |
2167 | |
2168 @findex fortran-auto-fill-mode | |
2169 @kbd{M-x fortran-auto-fill-mode} turns Fortran Auto Fill mode on if it | |
2170 was off, or off if it was on. This command works the same as @kbd{M-x | |
2171 auto-fill-mode} does for normal Auto Fill mode (@pxref{Filling}). A | |
2172 positive numeric argument turns Fortran Auto Fill mode on, and a | |
2173 negative argument turns it off. You can see when Fortran Auto Fill mode | |
2174 is in effect by the presence of the word @samp{Fill} in the mode line, | |
2175 inside the parentheses. Fortran Auto Fill mode is a minor mode, turned | |
2176 on or off for each buffer individually. @xref{Minor Modes}. | |
2177 | |
2178 @vindex fortran-break-before-delimiters | |
2179 Fortran Auto Fill mode breaks lines at spaces or delimiters when the | |
2180 lines get longer than the desired width (the value of @code{fill-column}). | |
2181 The delimiters that Fortran Auto Fill mode may break at are @samp{,}, | |
2182 @samp{'}, @samp{+}, @samp{-}, @samp{/}, @samp{*}, @samp{=}, and @samp{)}. | |
2183 The line break comes after the delimiter if the variable | |
2184 @code{fortran-break-before-delimiters} is @code{nil}. Otherwise (and by | |
2185 default), the break comes before the delimiter. | |
2186 | |
2187 By default, Fortran Auto Fill mode is not enabled. If you want this | |
2188 feature turned on permanently, add a hook function to | |
2189 @code{fortran-mode-hook} to execute @code{(fortran-auto-fill-mode 1)}. | |
2190 @xref{Hooks}. | |
2191 | |
2192 @node Fortran Columns | |
2193 @subsection Checking Columns in Fortran | |
2194 | |
2195 @table @kbd | |
2196 @item C-c C-r | |
2197 Display a ``column ruler'' momentarily above the current line | |
2198 (@code{fortran-column-ruler}). | |
2199 @item C-c C-w | |
2200 Split the current window horizontally temporarily so that it is 72 | |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
2201 columns wide (@code{fortran-window-create-momentarily}). This may |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
2202 help you avoid making lines longer than the 72-character limit that |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
2203 some Fortran compilers impose. |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
2204 @item C-u C-c C-w |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
2205 Split the current window horizontally so that it is 72 columns wide |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
2206 (@code{fortran-window-create}). You can then continue editing. |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
2207 @item M-x fortran-strip-sequence-nos |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
2208 Delete all text in column 72 and beyond. |
25829 | 2209 @end table |
2210 | |
2211 @kindex C-c C-r @r{(Fortran mode)} | |
2212 @findex fortran-column-ruler | |
2213 The command @kbd{C-c C-r} (@code{fortran-column-ruler}) shows a column | |
2214 ruler momentarily above the current line. The comment ruler is two lines | |
2215 of text that show you the locations of columns with special significance in | |
2216 Fortran programs. Square brackets show the limits of the columns for line | |
2217 numbers, and curly brackets show the limits of the columns for the | |
2218 statement body. Column numbers appear above them. | |
2219 | |
2220 Note that the column numbers count from zero, as always in GNU Emacs. | |
2221 As a result, the numbers may be one less than those you are familiar | |
2222 with; but the positions they indicate in the line are standard for | |
2223 Fortran. | |
2224 | |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
2225 @vindex fortran-column-ruler-fixed |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
2226 @vindex fortran-column-ruler-tabs |
26264 | 2227 The text used to display the column ruler depends on the value of |
25829 | 2228 the variable @code{indent-tabs-mode}. If @code{indent-tabs-mode} is |
2229 @code{nil}, then the value of the variable | |
2230 @code{fortran-column-ruler-fixed} is used as the column ruler. | |
2231 Otherwise, the variable @code{fortran-column-ruler-tab} is displayed. | |
2232 By changing these variables, you can change the column ruler display. | |
2233 | |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
2234 @kindex C-c C-w @r{(Fortran mode)} |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
2235 @findex fortran-window-create-momentarily |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
2236 @kbd{C-c C-w} (@code{fortran-window-create-momentarily}) temporarily |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
2237 splits the current window horizontally, making a window 72 columns |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
2238 wide, so you can see which lines that is too long. Type a space to |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
2239 restore the normal width. |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
2240 |
26106 | 2241 @kindex C-u C-c C-w @r{(Fortran mode)} |
25829 | 2242 @findex fortran-window-create |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
2243 You can also split the window horizontally and continue editing with |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
2244 the split in place. To do this, use @kbd{C-u C-c C-w} (@code{M-x |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
2245 fortran-window-create}). By editing in this window you can |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
2246 immediately see when you make a line too wide to be correct Fortran. |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
2247 |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
2248 @findex fortran-strip-sequence-nos |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
2249 The command @kbd{M-x fortran-strip-sequence-nos} deletes all text in |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
2250 column 72 and beyond, on all lines in the current buffer. This is the |
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
2251 easiest way to get rid of old sequence numbers. |
26106 | 2252 |
25829 | 2253 @node Fortran Abbrev |
2254 @subsection Fortran Keyword Abbrevs | |
2255 | |
2256 Fortran mode provides many built-in abbrevs for common keywords and | |
2257 declarations. These are the same sort of abbrev that you can define | |
2258 yourself. To use them, you must turn on Abbrev mode. @xref{Abbrevs}. | |
2259 | |
2260 The built-in abbrevs are unusual in one way: they all start with a | |
2261 semicolon. You cannot normally use semicolon in an abbrev, but Fortran | |
2262 mode makes this possible by changing the syntax of semicolon to ``word | |
2263 constituent.'' | |
2264 | |
2265 For example, one built-in Fortran abbrev is @samp{;c} for | |
2266 @samp{continue}. If you insert @samp{;c} and then insert a punctuation | |
2267 character such as a space or a newline, the @samp{;c} expands automatically | |
2268 to @samp{continue}, provided Abbrev mode is enabled.@refill | |
2269 | |
2270 Type @samp{;?} or @samp{;C-h} to display a list of all the built-in | |
2271 Fortran abbrevs and what they stand for. | |
2272 | |
2273 @node Asm Mode | |
2274 @section Asm Mode | |
2275 | |
2276 @cindex Asm mode | |
36183
d3f65290e6b2
Clean up comment-dwim vs indent-for-comment, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35477
diff
changeset
|
2277 @cindex assembler mode |
25829 | 2278 Asm mode is a major mode for editing files of assembler code. It |
2279 defines these commands: | |
2280 | |
2281 @table @kbd | |
2282 @item @key{TAB} | |
2283 @code{tab-to-tab-stop}. | |
2284 @item C-j | |
2285 Insert a newline and then indent using @code{tab-to-tab-stop}. | |
2286 @item : | |
2287 Insert a colon and then remove the indentation from before the label | |
2288 preceding colon. Then do @code{tab-to-tab-stop}. | |
2289 @item ; | |
2290 Insert or align a comment. | |
2291 @end table | |
2292 | |
2293 The variable @code{asm-comment-char} specifies which character | |
2294 starts comments in assembler syntax. |