Mercurial > emacs
annotate man/building.texi @ 58058:3e39ea92134a
Fixed bug:
** line-spacing and garbage in fringe
From: SAITO Takuya <tabmore@rivo.mediatti.net>
Date: Mon, 31 May 2004 02:08:05 +0900 (JST)
Start emacs -Q and evaluate below with C-xC-e:
(let ((lines 2)
(spacing 1))
(setq line-spacing spacing
indicate-buffer-boundaries t)
(insert (make-string (window-height) ?\n))
(goto-char (point-min))
(message (make-string (* (window-width) lines) ?.))
(scroll-up 1))
then, garbage is displayed in right fringe.
Above code reproduces this bug with
(frame-parameter nil 'font)
=> "-Adobe-Courier-Medium-R-Normal--12-120-75-75-M-70-ISO8859-1"
If you use different font, you may need different value of
`lines' and/or `spacing'.
author | Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk> |
---|---|
date | Mon, 08 Nov 2004 23:37:16 +0000 |
parents | e256f5578609 |
children | a54b2a5402d6 ff0e824afa37 |
rev | line source |
---|---|
25829 | 1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual. |
39287 | 2 @c Copyright (C) 1985,86,87,93,94,95,97,2000,2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
25829 | 3 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions. |
38202 | 4 @node Building, Maintaining, Programs, Top |
25829 | 5 @chapter Compiling and Testing Programs |
6 @cindex building programs | |
7 @cindex program building | |
8 @cindex running Lisp functions | |
9 | |
10 The previous chapter discusses the Emacs commands that are useful for | |
11 making changes in programs. This chapter deals with commands that assist | |
12 in the larger process of developing and maintaining programs. | |
13 | |
14 @menu | |
15 * Compilation:: Compiling programs in languages other | |
16 than Lisp (C, Pascal, etc.). | |
17 * Grep Searching:: Running grep as if it were a compiler. | |
18 * Compilation Mode:: The mode for visiting compiler errors. | |
19 * Compilation Shell:: Customizing your shell properly | |
20 for use in the compilation buffer. | |
49600
23a1cea22d13
Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
49062
diff
changeset
|
21 * Debuggers:: Running symbolic debuggers for non-Lisp programs. |
23a1cea22d13
Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
49062
diff
changeset
|
22 * Executing Lisp:: Various modes for editing Lisp programs, |
25829 | 23 with different facilities for running |
49600
23a1cea22d13
Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
49062
diff
changeset
|
24 the Lisp programs. |
25829 | 25 * Libraries: Lisp Libraries. Creating Lisp programs to run in Emacs. |
56808
00b9078008ef
(Building): Interchange nodes (for correct numbering).
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
56007
diff
changeset
|
26 * Eval: Lisp Eval. Executing a single Lisp expression in Emacs. |
25829 | 27 * Interaction: Lisp Interaction. Executing Lisp in an Emacs buffer. |
49600
23a1cea22d13
Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
49062
diff
changeset
|
28 * External Lisp:: Communicating through Emacs with a separate Lisp. |
25829 | 29 @end menu |
30 | |
31 @node Compilation | |
32 @section Running Compilations under Emacs | |
33 @cindex inferior process | |
34 @cindex make | |
35 @cindex compilation errors | |
36 @cindex error log | |
37 | |
38 Emacs can run compilers for noninteractive languages such as C and | |
39 Fortran as inferior processes, feeding the error log into an Emacs buffer. | |
40 It can also parse the error messages and show you the source lines where | |
41 compilation errors occurred. | |
42 | |
43 @table @kbd | |
44 @item M-x compile | |
37482
4b43d9f652aa
Correct typo on pdb-mode-hook.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
37346
diff
changeset
|
45 Run a compiler asynchronously under Emacs, with error messages going to |
38461
23f63206a867
Proofreading fixes from Chris Green <chris_e_green@yahoo.com>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38202
diff
changeset
|
46 the @samp{*compilation*} buffer. |
39820
f0947afcdf4c
(Compilation): Document "M-x recompile".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39287
diff
changeset
|
47 @item M-x recompile |
f0947afcdf4c
(Compilation): Document "M-x recompile".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39287
diff
changeset
|
48 Invoke a compiler with the same command as in the last invocation of |
f0947afcdf4c
(Compilation): Document "M-x recompile".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39287
diff
changeset
|
49 @kbd{M-x compile}. |
25829 | 50 @item M-x grep |
51 Run @code{grep} asynchronously under Emacs, with matching lines | |
52 listed in the buffer named @samp{*grep*}. | |
53 @item M-x grep-find | |
54 Run @code{grep} via @code{find}, with user-specified arguments, and | |
55 collect output in the buffer named @samp{*grep*}. | |
56 @item M-x kill-compilation | |
57 @itemx M-x kill-grep | |
58 Kill the running compilation or @code{grep} subprocess. | |
59 @end table | |
60 | |
61 @findex compile | |
62 To run @code{make} or another compilation command, do @kbd{M-x | |
63 compile}. This command reads a shell command line using the minibuffer, | |
64 and then executes the command in an inferior shell, putting output in | |
65 the buffer named @samp{*compilation*}. The current buffer's default | |
66 directory is used as the working directory for the execution of the | |
67 command; normally, therefore, the compilation happens in this | |
68 directory. | |
69 | |
70 @vindex compile-command | |
48071
6be0f6ca3d49
Add xref to Make manual.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
46362
diff
changeset
|
71 When the shell command line is read, the minibuffer appears |
6be0f6ca3d49
Add xref to Make manual.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
46362
diff
changeset
|
72 containing a default command line, which is the command you used the |
6be0f6ca3d49
Add xref to Make manual.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
46362
diff
changeset
|
73 last time you did @kbd{M-x compile}. If you type just @key{RET}, the |
6be0f6ca3d49
Add xref to Make manual.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
46362
diff
changeset
|
74 same command line is used again. For the first @kbd{M-x compile}, the |
6be0f6ca3d49
Add xref to Make manual.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
46362
diff
changeset
|
75 default is @samp{make -k}, which is correct most of the time for |
50475
b65aa1d740eb
Fix cross references.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
76 nontrivial programs. (@xref{Top,, Make, make, GNU Make Manual}.) |
48071
6be0f6ca3d49
Add xref to Make manual.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
46362
diff
changeset
|
77 The default compilation command comes from the variable |
25829 | 78 @code{compile-command}; if the appropriate compilation command for a |
79 file is something other than @samp{make -k}, it can be useful for the | |
80 file to specify a local value for @code{compile-command} (@pxref{File | |
81 Variables}). | |
82 | |
83 Starting a compilation displays the buffer @samp{*compilation*} in | |
84 another window but does not select it. The buffer's mode line tells you | |
85 whether compilation is finished, with the word @samp{run} or @samp{exit} | |
86 inside the parentheses. You do not have to keep this buffer visible; | |
87 compilation continues in any case. While a compilation is going on, the | |
88 string @samp{Compiling} appears in the mode lines of all windows. When | |
89 this string disappears, the compilation is finished. | |
90 | |
91 If you want to watch the compilation transcript as it appears, switch | |
92 to the @samp{*compilation*} buffer and move point to the end of the | |
93 buffer. When point is at the end, new compilation output is inserted | |
94 above point, which remains at the end. If point is not at the end of | |
95 the buffer, it remains fixed while more compilation output is added at | |
96 the end of the buffer. | |
97 | |
34935
390058c38d27
Add a cindex entry for compilation-scroll-output. Duplicate the variable's
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
31027
diff
changeset
|
98 @cindex compilation buffer, keeping current position at the end |
25829 | 99 @vindex compilation-scroll-output |
100 If you set the variable @code{compilation-scroll-output} to a | |
101 non-@code{nil} value, then the compilation buffer always scrolls to | |
102 follow output as it comes in. | |
103 | |
104 @findex kill-compilation | |
51791
2488d95d6eaa
(Compilation): Document what happens with asynch children of compiler process.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51296
diff
changeset
|
105 When the compiler process terminates, for whatever reason, the mode |
2488d95d6eaa
(Compilation): Document what happens with asynch children of compiler process.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51296
diff
changeset
|
106 line of the @samp{*compilation*} buffer changes to say @samp{signal} |
2488d95d6eaa
(Compilation): Document what happens with asynch children of compiler process.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51296
diff
changeset
|
107 instead of @samp{run}. Starting a new compilation also kills any |
2488d95d6eaa
(Compilation): Document what happens with asynch children of compiler process.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51296
diff
changeset
|
108 running compilation, as only one can exist at any time. However, |
2488d95d6eaa
(Compilation): Document what happens with asynch children of compiler process.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51296
diff
changeset
|
109 @kbd{M-x compile} asks for confirmation before actually killing a |
2488d95d6eaa
(Compilation): Document what happens with asynch children of compiler process.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51296
diff
changeset
|
110 compilation that is running. You can also kill the compilation |
2488d95d6eaa
(Compilation): Document what happens with asynch children of compiler process.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51296
diff
changeset
|
111 process with @kbd{M-x kill-compilation}. |
25829 | 112 |
39820
f0947afcdf4c
(Compilation): Document "M-x recompile".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39287
diff
changeset
|
113 @findex recompile |
f0947afcdf4c
(Compilation): Document "M-x recompile".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39287
diff
changeset
|
114 To rerun the last compilation with the same command, type @kbd{M-x |
f0947afcdf4c
(Compilation): Document "M-x recompile".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39287
diff
changeset
|
115 recompile}. This automatically reuses the compilation command from the |
f0947afcdf4c
(Compilation): Document "M-x recompile".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39287
diff
changeset
|
116 last invocation of @kbd{M-x compile}. |
f0947afcdf4c
(Compilation): Document "M-x recompile".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39287
diff
changeset
|
117 |
51791
2488d95d6eaa
(Compilation): Document what happens with asynch children of compiler process.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51296
diff
changeset
|
118 Emacs does not expect a compiler process to launch asynchronous |
46362
36ac28961e4f
Say that output from asynch subprocesses of a compiler may be lost.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
46238
diff
changeset
|
119 subprocesses; if it does, and they keep running after the main |
51791
2488d95d6eaa
(Compilation): Document what happens with asynch children of compiler process.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51296
diff
changeset
|
120 compiler process has terminated, Emacs may kill them or their output |
2488d95d6eaa
(Compilation): Document what happens with asynch children of compiler process.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51296
diff
changeset
|
121 may not arrive in Emacs. To avoid this problem, make the main process |
2488d95d6eaa
(Compilation): Document what happens with asynch children of compiler process.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51296
diff
changeset
|
122 wait for its subprocesses to finish. In a shell script, you can do this |
2488d95d6eaa
(Compilation): Document what happens with asynch children of compiler process.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51296
diff
changeset
|
123 using @samp{$!} and @samp{wait}, like this: |
2488d95d6eaa
(Compilation): Document what happens with asynch children of compiler process.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51296
diff
changeset
|
124 |
2488d95d6eaa
(Compilation): Document what happens with asynch children of compiler process.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51296
diff
changeset
|
125 @example |
2488d95d6eaa
(Compilation): Document what happens with asynch children of compiler process.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51296
diff
changeset
|
126 (sleep 10; echo 2nd)& pid=$! # @r{Record pid of subprocess} |
2488d95d6eaa
(Compilation): Document what happens with asynch children of compiler process.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51296
diff
changeset
|
127 echo first message |
2488d95d6eaa
(Compilation): Document what happens with asynch children of compiler process.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51296
diff
changeset
|
128 wait $pid # @r{Wait for subprocess} |
2488d95d6eaa
(Compilation): Document what happens with asynch children of compiler process.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51296
diff
changeset
|
129 @end example |
46362
36ac28961e4f
Say that output from asynch subprocesses of a compiler may be lost.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
46238
diff
changeset
|
130 |
57154
fe97fe43464a
(Compilation): Explain how to make a silent subprocess that won't be
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56873
diff
changeset
|
131 If the background process does not output to the compilation buffer, |
fe97fe43464a
(Compilation): Explain how to make a silent subprocess that won't be
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56873
diff
changeset
|
132 so you only need to prevent it from being killed when the main |
fe97fe43464a
(Compilation): Explain how to make a silent subprocess that won't be
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56873
diff
changeset
|
133 compilation process terminates, this is sufficient: |
fe97fe43464a
(Compilation): Explain how to make a silent subprocess that won't be
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56873
diff
changeset
|
134 |
fe97fe43464a
(Compilation): Explain how to make a silent subprocess that won't be
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56873
diff
changeset
|
135 @example |
fe97fe43464a
(Compilation): Explain how to make a silent subprocess that won't be
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56873
diff
changeset
|
136 nohup @var{command}; sleep 1 |
fe97fe43464a
(Compilation): Explain how to make a silent subprocess that won't be
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56873
diff
changeset
|
137 @end example |
fe97fe43464a
(Compilation): Explain how to make a silent subprocess that won't be
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56873
diff
changeset
|
138 |
fe97fe43464a
(Compilation): Explain how to make a silent subprocess that won't be
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56873
diff
changeset
|
139 @vindex compilation-environment |
fe97fe43464a
(Compilation): Explain how to make a silent subprocess that won't be
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56873
diff
changeset
|
140 You can control the environment passed to the compilation command |
fe97fe43464a
(Compilation): Explain how to make a silent subprocess that won't be
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56873
diff
changeset
|
141 with the variable @code{compilation-environment}. Its value is a list |
fe97fe43464a
(Compilation): Explain how to make a silent subprocess that won't be
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56873
diff
changeset
|
142 of environment variable settings; each element should be a string of |
fe97fe43464a
(Compilation): Explain how to make a silent subprocess that won't be
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56873
diff
changeset
|
143 the form @code{"@var{envvarname}=@var{value}"}. These environment |
fe97fe43464a
(Compilation): Explain how to make a silent subprocess that won't be
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56873
diff
changeset
|
144 variable settings override the usual ones. |
fe97fe43464a
(Compilation): Explain how to make a silent subprocess that won't be
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56873
diff
changeset
|
145 |
25829 | 146 @node Grep Searching |
147 @section Searching with Grep under Emacs | |
148 | |
149 @findex grep | |
150 Just as you can run a compiler from Emacs and then visit the lines | |
151 where there were compilation errors, you can also run @code{grep} and | |
152 then visit the lines on which matches were found. This works by | |
153 treating the matches reported by @code{grep} as if they were ``errors.'' | |
154 | |
155 To do this, type @kbd{M-x grep}, then enter a command line that | |
156 specifies how to run @code{grep}. Use the same arguments you would give | |
157 @code{grep} when running it normally: a @code{grep}-style regexp | |
158 (usually in single-quotes to quote the shell's special characters) | |
159 followed by file names, which may use wildcards. The output from | |
160 @code{grep} goes in the @samp{*grep*} buffer. You can find the | |
161 corresponding lines in the original files using @kbd{C-x `} and | |
162 @key{RET}, as with compilation errors. | |
163 | |
164 If you specify a prefix argument for @kbd{M-x grep}, it figures out | |
165 the tag (@pxref{Tags}) around point, and puts that into the default | |
166 @code{grep} command. | |
167 | |
168 @findex grep-find | |
169 The command @kbd{M-x grep-find} is similar to @kbd{M-x grep}, but it | |
170 supplies a different initial default for the command---one that runs | |
171 both @code{find} and @code{grep}, so as to search every file in a | |
172 directory tree. See also the @code{find-grep-dired} command, | |
173 in @ref{Dired and Find}. | |
174 | |
175 @node Compilation Mode | |
176 @section Compilation Mode | |
177 | |
178 @findex compile-goto-error | |
179 @cindex Compilation mode | |
180 @cindex mode, Compilation | |
181 The @samp{*compilation*} buffer uses a special major mode, Compilation | |
182 mode, whose main feature is to provide a convenient way to look at the | |
183 source line where the error happened. | |
184 | |
34935
390058c38d27
Add a cindex entry for compilation-scroll-output. Duplicate the variable's
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
31027
diff
changeset
|
185 If you set the variable @code{compilation-scroll-output} to a |
390058c38d27
Add a cindex entry for compilation-scroll-output. Duplicate the variable's
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
31027
diff
changeset
|
186 non-@code{nil} value, then the compilation buffer always scrolls to |
390058c38d27
Add a cindex entry for compilation-scroll-output. Duplicate the variable's
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
31027
diff
changeset
|
187 follow output as it comes in. |
390058c38d27
Add a cindex entry for compilation-scroll-output. Duplicate the variable's
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
31027
diff
changeset
|
188 |
25829 | 189 @table @kbd |
190 @item C-x ` | |
191 Visit the locus of the next compiler error message or @code{grep} match. | |
192 @item @key{RET} | |
193 Visit the locus of the error message that point is on. | |
194 This command is used in the compilation buffer. | |
195 @item Mouse-2 | |
196 Visit the locus of the error message that you click on. | |
197 @end table | |
198 | |
199 @kindex C-x ` | |
200 @findex next-error | |
201 You can visit the source for any particular error message by moving | |
38461
23f63206a867
Proofreading fixes from Chris Green <chris_e_green@yahoo.com>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38202
diff
changeset
|
202 point in the @samp{*compilation*} buffer to that error message and |
23f63206a867
Proofreading fixes from Chris Green <chris_e_green@yahoo.com>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38202
diff
changeset
|
203 typing @key{RET} (@code{compile-goto-error}). Alternatively, you can |
23f63206a867
Proofreading fixes from Chris Green <chris_e_green@yahoo.com>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38202
diff
changeset
|
204 click @kbd{Mouse-2} on the error message; you need not switch to the |
23f63206a867
Proofreading fixes from Chris Green <chris_e_green@yahoo.com>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38202
diff
changeset
|
205 @samp{*compilation*} buffer first. |
25829 | 206 |
207 To parse the compiler error messages sequentially, type @kbd{C-x `} | |
208 (@code{next-error}). The character following the @kbd{C-x} is the | |
209 backquote or ``grave accent,'' not the single-quote. This command is | |
210 available in all buffers, not just in @samp{*compilation*}; it displays | |
211 the next error message at the top of one window and source location of | |
212 the error in another window. | |
213 | |
214 The first time @kbd{C-x `} is used after the start of a compilation, | |
215 it moves to the first error's location. Subsequent uses of @kbd{C-x `} | |
216 advance down to subsequent errors. If you visit a specific error | |
217 message with @key{RET} or @kbd{Mouse-2}, subsequent @kbd{C-x `} | |
218 commands advance from there. When @kbd{C-x `} gets to the end of the | |
219 buffer and finds no more error messages to visit, it fails and signals | |
220 an Emacs error. | |
221 | |
56873
875c4c833a38
(Compilation Mode): Add a paragraph about rules
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
56808
diff
changeset
|
222 You don't have to be in the compilation buffer in order to use |
875c4c833a38
(Compilation Mode): Add a paragraph about rules
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
56808
diff
changeset
|
223 @code{next-error}. If one window on the selected frame can be the |
875c4c833a38
(Compilation Mode): Add a paragraph about rules
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
56808
diff
changeset
|
224 target of the @code{next-error} call, it is used. Else, if a buffer |
875c4c833a38
(Compilation Mode): Add a paragraph about rules
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
56808
diff
changeset
|
225 previously had @code{next-error} called on it, it is used. Else, |
875c4c833a38
(Compilation Mode): Add a paragraph about rules
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
56808
diff
changeset
|
226 if the current buffer can be the target of @code{next-error}, it is |
875c4c833a38
(Compilation Mode): Add a paragraph about rules
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
56808
diff
changeset
|
227 used. Else, all the buffers Emacs manages are tried for |
875c4c833a38
(Compilation Mode): Add a paragraph about rules
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
56808
diff
changeset
|
228 @code{next-error} support. |
875c4c833a38
(Compilation Mode): Add a paragraph about rules
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
56808
diff
changeset
|
229 |
25829 | 230 @kbd{C-u C-x `} starts scanning from the beginning of the compilation |
231 buffer. This is one way to process the same set of errors again. | |
232 | |
37983
081777df34a7
(Compilation Mode): Document compilation-error-regexp-alist.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37482
diff
changeset
|
233 @vindex compilation-error-regexp-alist |
081777df34a7
(Compilation Mode): Document compilation-error-regexp-alist.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37482
diff
changeset
|
234 @vindex grep-regexp-alist |
081777df34a7
(Compilation Mode): Document compilation-error-regexp-alist.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37482
diff
changeset
|
235 To parse messages from the compiler, Compilation mode uses the |
081777df34a7
(Compilation Mode): Document compilation-error-regexp-alist.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37482
diff
changeset
|
236 variable @code{compilation-error-regexp-alist} which lists various |
081777df34a7
(Compilation Mode): Document compilation-error-regexp-alist.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37482
diff
changeset
|
237 formats of error messages and tells Emacs how to extract the source file |
081777df34a7
(Compilation Mode): Document compilation-error-regexp-alist.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37482
diff
changeset
|
238 and the line number from the text of a message. If your compiler isn't |
081777df34a7
(Compilation Mode): Document compilation-error-regexp-alist.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37482
diff
changeset
|
239 supported, you can tailor Compilation mode to it by adding elements to |
081777df34a7
(Compilation Mode): Document compilation-error-regexp-alist.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37482
diff
changeset
|
240 that list. A similar variable @code{grep-regexp-alist} tells Emacs how |
081777df34a7
(Compilation Mode): Document compilation-error-regexp-alist.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37482
diff
changeset
|
241 to parse output of a @code{grep} command. |
081777df34a7
(Compilation Mode): Document compilation-error-regexp-alist.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37482
diff
changeset
|
242 |
25829 | 243 Compilation mode also redefines the keys @key{SPC} and @key{DEL} to |
244 scroll by screenfuls, and @kbd{M-n} and @kbd{M-p} to move to the next or | |
245 previous error message. You can also use @kbd{M-@{} and @kbd{M-@}} to | |
246 move up or down to an error message for a different source file. | |
247 | |
248 The features of Compilation mode are also available in a minor mode | |
249 called Compilation Minor mode. This lets you parse error messages in | |
250 any buffer, not just a normal compilation output buffer. Type @kbd{M-x | |
251 compilation-minor-mode} to enable the minor mode. This defines the keys | |
252 @key{RET} and @kbd{Mouse-2}, as in the Compilation major mode. | |
253 | |
254 Compilation minor mode works in any buffer, as long as the contents | |
255 are in a format that it understands. In an Rlogin buffer (@pxref{Remote | |
256 Host}), Compilation minor mode automatically accesses remote source | |
257 files by FTP (@pxref{File Names}). | |
258 | |
259 @node Compilation Shell | |
260 @section Subshells for Compilation | |
261 | |
262 Emacs uses a shell to run the compilation command, but specifies | |
263 the option for a noninteractive shell. This means, in particular, that | |
264 the shell should start with no prompt. If you find your usual shell | |
265 prompt making an unsightly appearance in the @samp{*compilation*} | |
266 buffer, it means you have made a mistake in your shell's init file by | |
267 setting the prompt unconditionally. (This init file's name may be | |
268 @file{.bashrc}, @file{.profile}, @file{.cshrc}, @file{.shrc}, or various | |
269 other things, depending on the shell you use.) The shell init file | |
270 should set the prompt only if there already is a prompt. In csh, here | |
271 is how to do it: | |
272 | |
273 @example | |
274 if ($?prompt) set prompt = @dots{} | |
275 @end example | |
276 | |
277 @noindent | |
278 And here's how to do it in bash: | |
279 | |
280 @example | |
281 if [ "$@{PS1+set@}" = set ] | |
282 then PS1=@dots{} | |
283 fi | |
284 @end example | |
285 | |
286 There may well be other things that your shell's init file | |
287 ought to do only for an interactive shell. You can use the same | |
288 method to conditionalize them. | |
289 | |
290 The MS-DOS ``operating system'' does not support asynchronous | |
291 subprocesses; to work around this lack, @kbd{M-x compile} runs the | |
292 compilation command synchronously on MS-DOS. As a consequence, you must | |
293 wait until the command finishes before you can do anything else in | |
294 Emacs. @xref{MS-DOS}. | |
295 | |
296 @node Debuggers | |
297 @section Running Debuggers Under Emacs | |
298 @cindex debuggers | |
299 @cindex GUD library | |
300 @cindex GDB | |
301 @cindex DBX | |
302 @cindex SDB | |
303 @cindex XDB | |
304 @cindex Perldb | |
305 @cindex JDB | |
306 @cindex PDB | |
307 | |
308 @c Do you believe in GUD? | |
309 The GUD (Grand Unified Debugger) library provides an interface to | |
310 various symbolic debuggers from within Emacs. We recommend the debugger | |
311 GDB, which is free software, but you can also run DBX, SDB or XDB if you | |
55577
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
312 have them. GUD can also serve as an interface to Perl's debugging |
25829 | 313 mode, the Python debugger PDB, and to JDB, the Java Debugger. |
49062
cbcf1db3b1f0
Reference Debugging, not Debugger, in Lisp ref man.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
48071
diff
changeset
|
314 @xref{Debugging,, The Lisp Debugger, elisp, the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}, |
37346
e80fc3e25af8
Add Lisp Debugger xref.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36144
diff
changeset
|
315 for information on debugging Emacs Lisp programs. |
25829 | 316 |
317 @menu | |
318 * Starting GUD:: How to start a debugger subprocess. | |
319 * Debugger Operation:: Connection between the debugger and source buffers. | |
320 * Commands of GUD:: Key bindings for common commands. | |
321 * GUD Customization:: Defining your own commands for GUD. | |
27223 | 322 * GUD Tooltips:: Showing variable values by pointing with the mouse. |
51296
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
323 * GDB Graphical Interface:: An enhanced mode that uses GDB features to |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
324 implement a graphical debugging environment through |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
325 Emacs. |
25829 | 326 @end menu |
327 | |
328 @node Starting GUD | |
329 @subsection Starting GUD | |
330 | |
331 There are several commands for starting a debugger, each corresponding | |
332 to a particular debugger program. | |
333 | |
334 @table @kbd | |
335 @item M-x gdb @key{RET} @var{file} @key{RET} | |
336 @findex gdb | |
55577
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
337 Run GDB as a subprocess of Emacs. If the variable |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
338 @code{gud-gdb-command-name} is ``gdb --annotate=3'' (the default |
57348
e256f5578609
(Starting GUD): Note that multiple debugging
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
57154
diff
changeset
|
339 value) then GDB starts as for @kbd{M-x gdba} below. If you want GDB |
e256f5578609
(Starting GUD): Note that multiple debugging
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
57154
diff
changeset
|
340 to start as in Emacs 21.3 and earlier then edit the string in the |
e256f5578609
(Starting GUD): Note that multiple debugging
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
57154
diff
changeset
|
341 minibuffer or set @code{gud-gdb-command-name} to ``gdb --fullname''. |
e256f5578609
(Starting GUD): Note that multiple debugging
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
57154
diff
changeset
|
342 You need to do this if you want to run multiple debugging sessions |
e256f5578609
(Starting GUD): Note that multiple debugging
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
57154
diff
changeset
|
343 within one Emacs session. In this case, the command creates a buffer |
e256f5578609
(Starting GUD): Note that multiple debugging
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
57154
diff
changeset
|
344 for input and output to GDB, and switches to it. If a GDB buffer |
e256f5578609
(Starting GUD): Note that multiple debugging
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
57154
diff
changeset
|
345 already exists, it just switches to that buffer. |
25829 | 346 |
51296
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
347 @item M-x gdba @key{RET} @var{file} @key{RET} |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
348 Run GDB as a subprocess of Emacs, providing a graphical interface |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
349 to GDB features through Emacs. @xref{GDB Graphical Interface}. |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
350 |
25829 | 351 @item M-x dbx @key{RET} @var{file} @key{RET} |
352 @findex dbx | |
38490 | 353 Similar, but run DBX instead of GDB. |
25829 | 354 |
355 @item M-x xdb @key{RET} @var{file} @key{RET} | |
356 @findex xdb | |
357 @vindex gud-xdb-directories | |
38490 | 358 Similar, but run XDB instead of GDB. Use the variable |
25829 | 359 @code{gud-xdb-directories} to specify directories to search for source |
360 files. | |
361 | |
362 @item M-x sdb @key{RET} @var{file} @key{RET} | |
363 @findex sdb | |
38490 | 364 Similar, but run SDB instead of GDB. |
25829 | 365 |
366 Some versions of SDB do not mention source file names in their | |
367 messages. When you use them, you need to have a valid tags table | |
368 (@pxref{Tags}) in order for GUD to find functions in the source code. | |
369 If you have not visited a tags table or the tags table doesn't list one | |
370 of the functions, you get a message saying @samp{The sdb support | |
371 requires a valid tags table to work}. If this happens, generate a valid | |
372 tags table in the working directory and try again. | |
373 | |
374 @item M-x perldb @key{RET} @var{file} @key{RET} | |
375 @findex perldb | |
376 Run the Perl interpreter in debug mode to debug @var{file}, a Perl program. | |
377 | |
378 @item M-x jdb @key{RET} @var{file} @key{RET} | |
379 @findex jdb | |
380 Run the Java debugger to debug @var{file}. | |
381 | |
382 @item M-x pdb @key{RET} @var{file} @key{RET} | |
383 @findex pdb | |
384 Run the Python debugger to debug @var{file}. | |
385 @end table | |
386 | |
387 Each of these commands takes one argument: a command line to invoke | |
388 the debugger. In the simplest case, specify just the name of the | |
389 executable file you want to debug. You may also use options that the | |
390 debugger supports. However, shell wildcards and variables are not | |
391 allowed. GUD assumes that the first argument not starting with a | |
392 @samp{-} is the executable file name. | |
393 | |
394 Emacs can only run one debugger process at a time. | |
395 | |
396 @node Debugger Operation | |
397 @subsection Debugger Operation | |
398 | |
42904
0e87fd2f82b4
(Debugger Operation): Add index entries for fringe usage.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39820
diff
changeset
|
399 @cindex fringes, and current execution line in GUD |
25829 | 400 When you run a debugger with GUD, the debugger uses an Emacs buffer |
401 for its ordinary input and output. This is called the GUD buffer. The | |
402 debugger displays the source files of the program by visiting them in | |
403 Emacs buffers. An arrow (@samp{=>}) in one of these buffers indicates | |
42913 | 404 the current execution line.@footnote{Under a window system, the arrow |
405 appears in the left fringe of the Emacs window.} Moving point in this | |
406 buffer does not move the arrow. | |
25829 | 407 |
408 You can start editing these source files at any time in the buffers | |
38461
23f63206a867
Proofreading fixes from Chris Green <chris_e_green@yahoo.com>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38202
diff
changeset
|
409 that display them. The arrow is not part of the file's |
25829 | 410 text; it appears only on the screen. If you do modify a source file, |
411 keep in mind that inserting or deleting lines will throw off the arrow's | |
412 positioning; GUD has no way of figuring out which line corresponded | |
413 before your changes to the line number in a debugger message. Also, | |
414 you'll typically have to recompile and restart the program for your | |
415 changes to be reflected in the debugger's tables. | |
416 | |
417 If you wish, you can control your debugger process entirely through the | |
418 debugger buffer, which uses a variant of Shell mode. All the usual | |
419 commands for your debugger are available, and you can use the Shell mode | |
420 history commands to repeat them. @xref{Shell Mode}. | |
421 | |
422 @node Commands of GUD | |
423 @subsection Commands of GUD | |
424 | |
425 The GUD interaction buffer uses a variant of Shell mode, so the | |
426 commands of Shell mode are available (@pxref{Shell Mode}). GUD mode | |
427 also provides commands for setting and clearing breakpoints, for | |
428 selecting stack frames, and for stepping through the program. These | |
429 commands are available both in the GUD buffer and globally, but with | |
53254
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
430 different key bindings. It also has its own toolbar from which you |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
431 can invoke the more common commands by clicking on the appropriate |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
432 icon. This is particularly useful for repetitive commands like |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
433 gud-next and gud-step and allows the user to hide the GUD buffer. |
25829 | 434 |
38461
23f63206a867
Proofreading fixes from Chris Green <chris_e_green@yahoo.com>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38202
diff
changeset
|
435 The breakpoint commands are normally used in source file buffers, |
23f63206a867
Proofreading fixes from Chris Green <chris_e_green@yahoo.com>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38202
diff
changeset
|
436 because that is the easiest way to specify where to set or clear the |
23f63206a867
Proofreading fixes from Chris Green <chris_e_green@yahoo.com>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38202
diff
changeset
|
437 breakpoint. Here's the global command to set a breakpoint: |
25829 | 438 |
439 @table @kbd | |
440 @item C-x @key{SPC} | |
441 @kindex C-x SPC | |
442 Set a breakpoint on the source line that point is on. | |
443 @end table | |
444 | |
445 @kindex C-x C-a @r{(GUD)} | |
446 Here are the other special commands provided by GUD. The keys | |
447 starting with @kbd{C-c} are available only in the GUD interaction | |
448 buffer. The key bindings that start with @kbd{C-x C-a} are available in | |
449 the GUD interaction buffer and also in source files. | |
450 | |
451 @table @kbd | |
452 @item C-c C-l | |
453 @kindex C-c C-l @r{(GUD)} | |
454 @itemx C-x C-a C-l | |
455 @findex gud-refresh | |
456 Display in another window the last line referred to in the GUD | |
457 buffer (that is, the line indicated in the last location message). | |
458 This runs the command @code{gud-refresh}. | |
459 | |
460 @item C-c C-s | |
461 @kindex C-c C-s @r{(GUD)} | |
462 @itemx C-x C-a C-s | |
463 @findex gud-step | |
464 Execute a single line of code (@code{gud-step}). If the line contains | |
465 a function call, execution stops after entering the called function. | |
466 | |
467 @item C-c C-n | |
468 @kindex C-c C-n @r{(GUD)} | |
469 @itemx C-x C-a C-n | |
470 @findex gud-next | |
471 Execute a single line of code, stepping across entire function calls | |
472 at full speed (@code{gud-next}). | |
473 | |
474 @item C-c C-i | |
475 @kindex C-c C-i @r{(GUD)} | |
476 @itemx C-x C-a C-i | |
477 @findex gud-stepi | |
478 Execute a single machine instruction (@code{gud-stepi}). | |
479 | |
480 @need 3000 | |
481 @item C-c C-r | |
482 @kindex C-c C-r @r{(GUD)} | |
483 @itemx C-x C-a C-r | |
484 @findex gud-cont | |
485 Continue execution without specifying any stopping point. The program | |
486 will run until it hits a breakpoint, terminates, or gets a signal that | |
487 the debugger is checking for (@code{gud-cont}). | |
488 | |
489 @need 1000 | |
490 @item C-c C-d | |
491 @kindex C-c C-d @r{(GUD)} | |
492 @itemx C-x C-a C-d | |
493 @findex gud-remove | |
494 Delete the breakpoint(s) on the current source line, if any | |
495 (@code{gud-remove}). If you use this command in the GUD interaction | |
496 buffer, it applies to the line where the program last stopped. | |
497 | |
498 @item C-c C-t | |
499 @kindex C-c C-t @r{(GUD)} | |
500 @itemx C-x C-a C-t | |
501 @findex gud-tbreak | |
502 Set a temporary breakpoint on the current source line, if any. | |
503 If you use this command in the GUD interaction buffer, | |
504 it applies to the line where the program last stopped. | |
505 @end table | |
506 | |
507 The above commands are common to all supported debuggers. If you are | |
508 using GDB or (some versions of) DBX, these additional commands are available: | |
509 | |
510 @table @kbd | |
511 @item C-c < | |
512 @kindex C-c < @r{(GUD)} | |
513 @itemx C-x C-a < | |
514 @findex gud-up | |
515 Select the next enclosing stack frame (@code{gud-up}). This is | |
516 equivalent to the @samp{up} command. | |
517 | |
518 @item C-c > | |
519 @kindex C-c > @r{(GUD)} | |
520 @itemx C-x C-a > | |
521 @findex gud-down | |
522 Select the next inner stack frame (@code{gud-down}). This is | |
523 equivalent to the @samp{down} command. | |
524 @end table | |
525 | |
526 If you are using GDB, these additional key bindings are available: | |
527 | |
528 @table @kbd | |
51296
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
529 @item C-c C-r |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
530 @kindex C-c C-r @r{(GUD)} |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
531 @itemx C-x C-a C-r |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
532 @findex gud-run |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
533 Start execution of the program (@code{gud-run}). |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
534 |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
535 @item C-c C-u |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
536 @kindex C-c C-u @r{(GUD)} |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
537 @itemx C-x C-a C-u |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
538 @findex gud-until |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
539 Continue execution to the current line. The program will run until |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
540 it hits a breakpoint, terminates, gets a signal that the debugger is |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
541 checking for, or reaches the line on which the cursor currently sits |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
542 (@code{gud-until}). |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
543 |
25829 | 544 @item @key{TAB} |
545 @kindex TAB @r{(GUD)} | |
546 @findex gud-gdb-complete-command | |
547 With GDB, complete a symbol name (@code{gud-gdb-complete-command}). | |
548 This key is available only in the GUD interaction buffer, and requires | |
549 GDB versions 4.13 and later. | |
550 | |
551 @item C-c C-f | |
552 @kindex C-c C-f @r{(GUD)} | |
553 @itemx C-x C-a C-f | |
554 @findex gud-finish | |
555 Run the program until the selected stack frame returns (or until it | |
556 stops for some other reason). | |
43137
bc055bf06a94
(Commands of GUD): Add gud-jump.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
42913
diff
changeset
|
557 |
46238
f5ac68c7cc15
Clarify gud-jump description.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
44116
diff
changeset
|
558 @item C-x C-a C-j |
f5ac68c7cc15
Clarify gud-jump description.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
44116
diff
changeset
|
559 @kindex C-x C-a C-j @r{(GUD)} |
43137
bc055bf06a94
(Commands of GUD): Add gud-jump.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
42913
diff
changeset
|
560 @findex gud-jump |
46238
f5ac68c7cc15
Clarify gud-jump description.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
44116
diff
changeset
|
561 Only useful in a source buffer, (@code{gud-jump}) transfers the |
f5ac68c7cc15
Clarify gud-jump description.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
44116
diff
changeset
|
562 program's execution point to the current line. In other words, the |
f5ac68c7cc15
Clarify gud-jump description.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
44116
diff
changeset
|
563 next line that the program executes will be the one where you gave the |
f5ac68c7cc15
Clarify gud-jump description.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
44116
diff
changeset
|
564 command. If the new execution line is in a different function from |
f5ac68c7cc15
Clarify gud-jump description.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
44116
diff
changeset
|
565 the previously one, GDB prompts for confirmation since the results may |
f5ac68c7cc15
Clarify gud-jump description.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
44116
diff
changeset
|
566 be bizarre. See the GDB manual entry regarding @code{jump} for |
f5ac68c7cc15
Clarify gud-jump description.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
44116
diff
changeset
|
567 details. |
25829 | 568 @end table |
569 | |
53254
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
570 If you started GDB with the command @code{gdba}, you can click |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
571 @kbd{Mouse-1} on a line of the source buffer, in the fringe or display |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
572 margin, to set a breakpoint there. If a breakpoint already exists on |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
573 that line, this action will remove it. |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
574 (@code{gdb-mouse-toggle-breakpoint}). |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
575 |
25829 | 576 These commands interpret a numeric argument as a repeat count, when |
577 that makes sense. | |
578 | |
579 Because @key{TAB} serves as a completion command, you can't use it to | |
580 enter a tab as input to the program you are debugging with GDB. | |
581 Instead, type @kbd{C-q @key{TAB}} to enter a tab. | |
582 | |
583 @node GUD Customization | |
584 @subsection GUD Customization | |
585 | |
586 @vindex gdb-mode-hook | |
587 @vindex dbx-mode-hook | |
588 @vindex sdb-mode-hook | |
589 @vindex xdb-mode-hook | |
590 @vindex perldb-mode-hook | |
591 @vindex pdb-mode-hook | |
592 @vindex jdb-mode-hook | |
593 On startup, GUD runs one of the following hooks: @code{gdb-mode-hook}, | |
594 if you are using GDB; @code{dbx-mode-hook}, if you are using DBX; | |
595 @code{sdb-mode-hook}, if you are using SDB; @code{xdb-mode-hook}, if you | |
596 are using XDB; @code{perldb-mode-hook}, for Perl debugging mode; | |
37482
4b43d9f652aa
Correct typo on pdb-mode-hook.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
37346
diff
changeset
|
597 @code{pdb-mode-hook}, for PDB; @code{jdb-mode-hook}, for JDB. You can |
25829 | 598 use these hooks to define custom key bindings for the debugger |
599 interaction buffer. @xref{Hooks}. | |
600 | |
601 Here is a convenient way to define a command that sends a particular | |
602 command string to the debugger, and set up a key binding for it in the | |
603 debugger interaction buffer: | |
604 | |
605 @findex gud-def | |
606 @example | |
607 (gud-def @var{function} @var{cmdstring} @var{binding} @var{docstring}) | |
608 @end example | |
609 | |
610 This defines a command named @var{function} which sends | |
611 @var{cmdstring} to the debugger process, and gives it the documentation | |
38743 | 612 string @var{docstring}. You can then use the command @var{function} in any |
25829 | 613 buffer. If @var{binding} is non-@code{nil}, @code{gud-def} also binds |
614 the command to @kbd{C-c @var{binding}} in the GUD buffer's mode and to | |
615 @kbd{C-x C-a @var{binding}} generally. | |
616 | |
617 The command string @var{cmdstring} may contain certain | |
618 @samp{%}-sequences that stand for data to be filled in at the time | |
619 @var{function} is called: | |
620 | |
621 @table @samp | |
622 @item %f | |
623 The name of the current source file. If the current buffer is the GUD | |
624 buffer, then the ``current source file'' is the file that the program | |
625 stopped in. | |
626 @c This said, ``the name of the file the program counter was in at the last breakpoint.'' | |
627 @c But I suspect it is really the last stop file. | |
628 | |
629 @item %l | |
630 The number of the current source line. If the current buffer is the GUD | |
631 buffer, then the ``current source line'' is the line that the program | |
632 stopped in. | |
633 | |
634 @item %e | |
635 The text of the C lvalue or function-call expression at or adjacent to point. | |
636 | |
637 @item %a | |
638 The text of the hexadecimal address at or adjacent to point. | |
639 | |
640 @item %p | |
641 The numeric argument of the called function, as a decimal number. If | |
642 the command is used without a numeric argument, @samp{%p} stands for the | |
643 empty string. | |
644 | |
645 If you don't use @samp{%p} in the command string, the command you define | |
646 ignores any numeric argument. | |
647 @end table | |
648 | |
27223 | 649 @node GUD Tooltips |
650 @subsection GUD Tooltips | |
651 | |
652 @cindex tooltips with GUD | |
653 The Tooltip facility (@pxref{Tooltips}) provides support for GUD@. If | |
654 GUD support is activated by customizing the @code{tooltip} group, | |
655 variable values can be displayed in tooltips by pointing at them with | |
656 the mouse in the GUD buffer or in source buffers with major modes in the | |
657 customizable list @code{tooltip-gud-modes}. | |
658 | |
51296
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
659 @node GDB Graphical Interface |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
660 @subsection GDB Graphical Interface |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
661 |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
662 @findex gdba |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
663 The command @code{gdba} starts GDB using a graphical interface where |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
664 you view and control the program's data using Emacs windows. You can |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
665 still interact with GDB through the GUD buffer, but the point of this |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
666 mode is that you can do it through menus and clicks, without needing |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
667 to know GDB commands. |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
668 |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
669 @menu |
55577
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
670 * Layout:: Control the number of displayed buffers. |
51296
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
671 * Breakpoints Buffer:: A breakpoint control panel. |
56808
00b9078008ef
(Building): Interchange nodes (for correct numbering).
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
56007
diff
changeset
|
672 * Stack Buffer:: Select a frame from the call stack. |
53254
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
673 * Watch Expressions:: Monitor variable values in the speedbar. |
51296
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
674 * Other Buffers:: Input/output, locals, registers and assembler buffers. |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
675 @end menu |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
676 |
55577
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
677 @node Layout |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
678 @subsubsection Layout |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
679 @cindex GDB User Interface layout |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
680 |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
681 @findex gdb-many-windows |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
682 @vindex gdb-many-windows |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
683 |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
684 If the variable @code{gdb-many-windows} is @code{nil} (the default |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
685 value) then gdb just pops up the GUD buffer unless the variable |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
686 @code{gdb-show-main} is non-@code{nil}. In this case it starts with |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
687 two windows: one displaying the GUD buffer and the other with the |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
688 source file with the main routine of the inferior. |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
689 |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
690 If @code{gdb-many-windows} is non-@code{nil}, regardless of the value of |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
691 @code{gdb-show-main}, the layout below will appear unless |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
692 @code{gdb-use-inferior-io-buffer} is @code{nil}. In this case the |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
693 source buffer occupies the full width of the frame. |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
694 |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
695 @multitable @columnfractions .5 .5 |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
696 @item GUD buffer (I/O of GDB) |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
697 @tab Locals buffer |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
698 @item |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
699 @tab |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
700 @item Source buffer |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
701 @tab Input/Output (of inferior) buffer |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
702 @item |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
703 @tab |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
704 @item Stack buffer |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
705 @tab Breakpoints buffer |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
706 @end multitable |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
707 |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
708 To toggle this layout, do @kbd{M-x gdb-many-windows}. |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
709 |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
710 @findex gdb-restore-windows |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
711 If you change the window layout, for example, while editing and |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
712 re-compiling your program, then you can restore it with the command |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
713 @code{gdb-restore-windows}. |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
714 |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
715 You may also choose which additional buffers you want to display, |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
716 either in the same frame or a different one. Select GDB-windows or |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
717 GDB-Frames from the menu-bar under the heading GUD. If the menu-bar |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
718 is unavailable, type @code{M-x |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
719 gdb-display-@var{buffertype}-buffer} or @code{M-x |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
720 gdb-frame-@var{buffertype}-buffer} respectively, where @var{buffertype} |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
721 is the relevant buffer type e.g breakpoints. |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
722 |
51296
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
723 @node Breakpoints Buffer |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
724 @subsubsection Breakpoints Buffer |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
725 |
56808
00b9078008ef
(Building): Interchange nodes (for correct numbering).
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
56007
diff
changeset
|
726 The breakpoints buffer shows the existing breakpoints and watchpoints |
51296
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
727 (@pxref{Breakpoints,,, gdb, The GNU debugger}). It has three special |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
728 commands: |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
729 |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
730 @table @kbd |
56808
00b9078008ef
(Building): Interchange nodes (for correct numbering).
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
56007
diff
changeset
|
731 @item @key{SPC} |
51296
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
732 @kindex SPC @r{(GDB breakpoints buffer)} |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
733 @findex gdb-toggle-breakpoint |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
734 Enable/disable the breakpoint at the current line |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
735 (@code{gdb-toggle-breakpoint}). On a graphical display, this changes |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
736 the color of a bullet in the margin of the source buffer at the |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
737 relevant line. This is red when the breakpoint is enabled and grey |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
738 when it is disabled. Text-only terminals correspondingly display |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
739 a @samp{B} or @samp{b}. |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
740 |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
741 @item @kbd{d} |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
742 @kindex d @r{(GDB breakpoints buffer)} |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
743 @findex gdb-delete-breakpoint |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
744 Delete the breakpoint at the current line (@code{gdb-delete-breakpoint}). |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
745 |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
746 @item @key{RET} |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
747 @kindex RET @r{(GDB breakpoints buffer)} |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
748 @findex gdb-goto-breakpoint |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
749 Display the file in the source buffer at the breakpoint specified at |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
750 the current line (@code{gdb-goto-breakpoint}). Alternatively, click @kbd{Mouse-2} on the breakpoint that you wish to visit. |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
751 @end table |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
752 |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
753 @node Stack Buffer |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
754 @subsubsection Stack Buffer |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
755 |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
756 The stack buffer displays a @dfn{call stack}, with one line for each |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
757 of the nested subroutine calls (@dfn{stack frames}) now active in the |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
758 program. @xref{Backtrace,,info stack, gdb, The GNU debugger}. |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
759 |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
760 Move point to any frame in the stack and type @key{RET} to make it |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
761 become the current frame (@code{gdb-frames-select}) and display the |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
762 associated source in the source buffer. Alternatively, click |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
763 @kbd{Mouse-2} to make the selected frame become the current one. If the |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
764 locals buffer is displayed then its contents update to display the |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
765 variables that are local to the new frame. |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
766 |
52907
d1707faf8297
(Watch Expressions): Update section on data display
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
767 @node Watch Expressions |
d1707faf8297
(Watch Expressions): Update section on data display
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
768 @subsubsection Watch Expressions |
d1707faf8297
(Watch Expressions): Update section on data display
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
769 @cindex Watching expressions in GDB |
51296
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
770 |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
771 If you want to see how a variable changes each time your program stops |
52907
d1707faf8297
(Watch Expressions): Update section on data display
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
772 then place the cursor over the variable name and click on the watch |
d1707faf8297
(Watch Expressions): Update section on data display
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
773 icon in the toolbar (@code{gud-watch}). |
51296
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
774 |
53254
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
775 Each watch expression is displayed in the speedbar. Complex data |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
776 types, such as arrays, structures and unions are represented in a tree |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
777 format. To expand or contract a complex data type, click @kbd{Mouse-2} |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
778 on the tag to the left of the expression. |
51296
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
779 |
52907
d1707faf8297
(Watch Expressions): Update section on data display
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
780 @kindex RET @r{(GDB speedbar)} |
d1707faf8297
(Watch Expressions): Update section on data display
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
781 @findex gdb-var-delete |
53254
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
782 With the cursor over the root expression of a complex data type, type |
55577
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
783 @kbd{D} to delete it from the speedbar |
53254
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
784 (@code{gdb-var-delete}). |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
785 |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
786 @findex gdb-edit-value |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
787 With the cursor over a simple data type or an element of a complex |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
788 data type which holds a value, type @key{RET} or click @kbd{Mouse-2} to edit |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
789 its value. A prompt for a new value appears in the mini-buffer |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
790 (@code{gdb-edit-value}). |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
791 |
54131
6534ec3bbe32
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
53254
diff
changeset
|
792 If you set the variable @code{gdb-show-changed-values} to |
6534ec3bbe32
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
53254
diff
changeset
|
793 non-@code{nil} (the default value), then Emacs will use |
6534ec3bbe32
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
53254
diff
changeset
|
794 font-lock-warning-face to display values that have recently changed in |
6534ec3bbe32
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
53254
diff
changeset
|
795 the speedbar. |
53254
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
796 |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
797 If you set the variable @code{gdb-use-colon-colon-notation} to a |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
798 non-@code{nil} value, then, in C, Emacs will use the |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
799 FUNCTION::VARIABLE format to display variables in the speedbar. |
54131
6534ec3bbe32
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
53254
diff
changeset
|
800 Since this does not work for variables defined in compound statements, |
6534ec3bbe32
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
53254
diff
changeset
|
801 the default value is @code{nil}. |
51296
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
802 |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
803 @node Other Buffers |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
804 @subsubsection Other Buffers |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
805 |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
806 @table @asis |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
807 @item Input/Output Buffer |
55577
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
808 If the variable @code{gdb-use-inferior-io-buffer} is non-@code{nil}, |
66ec9893d229
(GDB Graphical Interface): Update and describe layout first.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
54131
diff
changeset
|
809 the executable program that is being debugged takes its input and |
51296
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
810 displays its output here. Some of the commands from shell mode are |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
811 available here. @xref{Shell Mode}. |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
812 |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
813 @item Locals Buffer |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
814 The locals buffer displays the values of local variables of the |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
815 current frame for simple data types (@pxref{Frame Info,,, gdb, The GNU |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
816 debugger}). |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
817 |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
818 Arrays and structures display their type only. You must display them |
52907
d1707faf8297
(Watch Expressions): Update section on data display
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
819 separately to examine their values. @ref{Watch Expressions}. |
51296
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
820 |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
821 @item Registers Buffer |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
822 The registers buffer displays the values held by the registers |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
823 (@pxref{Registers,,, gdb, The GNU debugger}). |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
824 |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
825 @item Assembler Buffer |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
826 The assembler buffer displays the current frame as machine code. An |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
827 overlay arrow points to the current instruction and you can set and |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
828 remove breakpoints as with the source buffer. Breakpoints also |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
829 appear in the margin. |
53254
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
830 |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
831 @item Threads Buffer |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
832 |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
833 The threads buffer displays a summary of all threads currently in your |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
834 program.(@pxref{Threads,,, gdb, The GNU debugger}). Move point to |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
835 any thread in the list and type @key{RET} to make it become the |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
836 current thread (@code{gdb-threads-select}) and display the associated |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
837 source in the source buffer. Alternatively, click @kbd{Mouse-2} to |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
838 make the selected thread become the current one. |
cc4a96fa8f08
(Watch Expressions): Update.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
52907
diff
changeset
|
839 |
51296
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
840 @end table |
35bdcc98e5b1
(GDB Graphical Interface): New node (rewritten somewhat by RMS).
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
841 |
25829 | 842 @node Executing Lisp |
843 @section Executing Lisp Expressions | |
844 | |
845 Emacs has several different major modes for Lisp and Scheme. They are | |
846 the same in terms of editing commands, but differ in the commands for | |
847 executing Lisp expressions. Each mode has its own purpose. | |
848 | |
849 @table @asis | |
850 @item Emacs-Lisp mode | |
851 The mode for editing source files of programs to run in Emacs Lisp. | |
852 This mode defines @kbd{C-M-x} to evaluate the current defun. | |
853 @xref{Lisp Libraries}. | |
854 @item Lisp Interaction mode | |
855 The mode for an interactive session with Emacs Lisp. It defines | |
856 @kbd{C-j} to evaluate the sexp before point and insert its value in the | |
857 buffer. @xref{Lisp Interaction}. | |
858 @item Lisp mode | |
859 The mode for editing source files of programs that run in Lisps other | |
860 than Emacs Lisp. This mode defines @kbd{C-M-x} to send the current defun | |
861 to an inferior Lisp process. @xref{External Lisp}. | |
862 @item Inferior Lisp mode | |
863 The mode for an interactive session with an inferior Lisp process. | |
864 This mode combines the special features of Lisp mode and Shell mode | |
865 (@pxref{Shell Mode}). | |
866 @item Scheme mode | |
867 Like Lisp mode but for Scheme programs. | |
868 @item Inferior Scheme mode | |
869 The mode for an interactive session with an inferior Scheme process. | |
870 @end table | |
871 | |
872 Most editing commands for working with Lisp programs are in fact | |
873 available globally. @xref{Programs}. | |
874 | |
875 @node Lisp Libraries | |
876 @section Libraries of Lisp Code for Emacs | |
877 @cindex libraries | |
878 @cindex loading Lisp code | |
879 | |
880 Lisp code for Emacs editing commands is stored in files whose names | |
881 conventionally end in @file{.el}. This ending tells Emacs to edit them in | |
882 Emacs-Lisp mode (@pxref{Executing Lisp}). | |
883 | |
884 @findex load-file | |
885 To execute a file of Emacs Lisp code, use @kbd{M-x load-file}. This | |
886 command reads a file name using the minibuffer and then executes the | |
887 contents of that file as Lisp code. It is not necessary to visit the | |
888 file first; in any case, this command reads the file as found on disk, | |
889 not text in an Emacs buffer. | |
890 | |
891 @findex load | |
892 @findex load-library | |
893 Once a file of Lisp code is installed in the Emacs Lisp library | |
894 directories, users can load it using @kbd{M-x load-library}. Programs can | |
895 load it by calling @code{load-library}, or with @code{load}, a more primitive | |
896 function that is similar but accepts some additional arguments. | |
897 | |
898 @kbd{M-x load-library} differs from @kbd{M-x load-file} in that it | |
899 searches a sequence of directories and tries three file names in each | |
900 directory. Suppose your argument is @var{lib}; the three names are | |
901 @file{@var{lib}.elc}, @file{@var{lib}.el}, and lastly just | |
902 @file{@var{lib}}. If @file{@var{lib}.elc} exists, it is by convention | |
903 the result of compiling @file{@var{lib}.el}; it is better to load the | |
904 compiled file, since it will load and run faster. | |
905 | |
906 If @code{load-library} finds that @file{@var{lib}.el} is newer than | |
38943
4dd9aeae2f84
Don't use "prints" except for printers.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38743
diff
changeset
|
907 @file{@var{lib}.elc} file, it issues a warning, because it's likely that |
25829 | 908 somebody made changes to the @file{.el} file and forgot to recompile |
909 it. | |
910 | |
911 Because the argument to @code{load-library} is usually not in itself | |
912 a valid file name, file name completion is not available. Indeed, when | |
913 using this command, you usually do not know exactly what file name | |
914 will be used. | |
915 | |
916 @vindex load-path | |
917 The sequence of directories searched by @kbd{M-x load-library} is | |
918 specified by the variable @code{load-path}, a list of strings that are | |
919 directory names. The default value of the list contains the directory where | |
920 the Lisp code for Emacs itself is stored. If you have libraries of | |
921 your own, put them in a single directory and add that directory | |
922 to @code{load-path}. @code{nil} in this list stands for the current default | |
923 directory, but it is probably not a good idea to put @code{nil} in the | |
924 list. If you find yourself wishing that @code{nil} were in the list, | |
925 most likely what you really want to do is use @kbd{M-x load-file} | |
926 this once. | |
927 | |
928 @cindex autoload | |
929 Often you do not have to give any command to load a library, because | |
930 the commands defined in the library are set up to @dfn{autoload} that | |
931 library. Trying to run any of those commands calls @code{load} to load | |
932 the library; this replaces the autoload definitions with the real ones | |
933 from the library. | |
934 | |
935 @cindex byte code | |
936 Emacs Lisp code can be compiled into byte-code which loads faster, | |
937 takes up less space when loaded, and executes faster. @xref{Byte | |
938 Compilation,, Byte Compilation, elisp, the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}. | |
939 By convention, the compiled code for a library goes in a separate file | |
940 whose name consists of the library source file with @samp{c} appended. | |
941 Thus, the compiled code for @file{foo.el} goes in @file{foo.elc}. | |
942 That's why @code{load-library} searches for @samp{.elc} files first. | |
943 | |
31027
561ef681eab5
Document load-dangerous-libraries.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
28431
diff
changeset
|
944 @vindex load-dangerous-libraries |
561ef681eab5
Document load-dangerous-libraries.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
28431
diff
changeset
|
945 @cindex Lisp files byte-compiled by XEmacs |
36144
22f75550e788
Rewrite discussion of load-dangerous-libraries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
34935
diff
changeset
|
946 By default, Emacs refuses to load compiled Lisp files which were |
22f75550e788
Rewrite discussion of load-dangerous-libraries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
34935
diff
changeset
|
947 compiled with XEmacs, a modified versions of Emacs---they can cause |
22f75550e788
Rewrite discussion of load-dangerous-libraries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
34935
diff
changeset
|
948 Emacs to crash. Set the variable @code{load-dangerous-libraries} to |
22f75550e788
Rewrite discussion of load-dangerous-libraries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
34935
diff
changeset
|
949 @code{t} if you want to try loading them. |
31027
561ef681eab5
Document load-dangerous-libraries.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
28431
diff
changeset
|
950 |
25829 | 951 @node Lisp Eval |
952 @section Evaluating Emacs-Lisp Expressions | |
953 @cindex Emacs-Lisp mode | |
954 @cindex mode, Emacs-Lisp | |
955 | |
956 @findex emacs-lisp-mode | |
957 Lisp programs intended to be run in Emacs should be edited in | |
958 Emacs-Lisp mode; this happens automatically for file names ending in | |
959 @file{.el}. By contrast, Lisp mode itself is used for editing Lisp | |
960 programs intended for other Lisp systems. To switch to Emacs-Lisp mode | |
961 explicitly, use the command @kbd{M-x emacs-lisp-mode}. | |
962 | |
963 For testing of Lisp programs to run in Emacs, it is often useful to | |
964 evaluate part of the program as it is found in the Emacs buffer. For | |
965 example, after changing the text of a Lisp function definition, | |
966 evaluating the definition installs the change for future calls to the | |
967 function. Evaluation of Lisp expressions is also useful in any kind of | |
968 editing, for invoking noninteractive functions (functions that are | |
969 not commands). | |
970 | |
971 @table @kbd | |
972 @item M-: | |
973 Read a single Lisp expression in the minibuffer, evaluate it, and print | |
974 the value in the echo area (@code{eval-expression}). | |
975 @item C-x C-e | |
976 Evaluate the Lisp expression before point, and print the value in the | |
977 echo area (@code{eval-last-sexp}). | |
978 @item C-M-x | |
979 Evaluate the defun containing or after point, and print the value in | |
980 the echo area (@code{eval-defun}). | |
981 @item M-x eval-region | |
982 Evaluate all the Lisp expressions in the region. | |
983 @item M-x eval-current-buffer | |
984 Evaluate all the Lisp expressions in the buffer. | |
985 @end table | |
986 | |
44116
1fc0cc0bb3ab
Use `colon' instead of `:' in an index only in the Info version.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
43889
diff
changeset
|
987 @ifinfo |
43889
c5ea7e769ffd
(Electric C, Lisp Eval): Avoid makeinfo warnings about colons in indices.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
43151
diff
changeset
|
988 @c This uses ``colon'' instead of a literal `:' because Info cannot |
c5ea7e769ffd
(Electric C, Lisp Eval): Avoid makeinfo warnings about colons in indices.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
43151
diff
changeset
|
989 @c cope with a `:' in a menu |
c5ea7e769ffd
(Electric C, Lisp Eval): Avoid makeinfo warnings about colons in indices.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
43151
diff
changeset
|
990 @kindex M-@key{colon} |
44116
1fc0cc0bb3ab
Use `colon' instead of `:' in an index only in the Info version.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
43889
diff
changeset
|
991 @end ifinfo |
1fc0cc0bb3ab
Use `colon' instead of `:' in an index only in the Info version.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
43889
diff
changeset
|
992 @ifnotinfo |
1fc0cc0bb3ab
Use `colon' instead of `:' in an index only in the Info version.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
43889
diff
changeset
|
993 @kindex M-: |
1fc0cc0bb3ab
Use `colon' instead of `:' in an index only in the Info version.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
43889
diff
changeset
|
994 @end ifnotinfo |
25829 | 995 @findex eval-expression |
996 @kbd{M-:} (@code{eval-expression}) is the most basic command for evaluating | |
997 a Lisp expression interactively. It reads the expression using the | |
998 minibuffer, so you can execute any expression on a buffer regardless of | |
999 what the buffer contains. When the expression is evaluated, the current | |
1000 buffer is once again the buffer that was current when @kbd{M-:} was | |
1001 typed. | |
1002 | |
1003 @kindex C-M-x @r{(Emacs-Lisp mode)} | |
1004 @findex eval-defun | |
1005 In Emacs-Lisp mode, the key @kbd{C-M-x} is bound to the command | |
1006 @code{eval-defun}, which parses the defun containing or following point | |
1007 as a Lisp expression and evaluates it. The value is printed in the echo | |
1008 area. This command is convenient for installing in the Lisp environment | |
1009 changes that you have just made in the text of a function definition. | |
1010 | |
1011 @kbd{C-M-x} treats @code{defvar} expressions specially. Normally, | |
1012 evaluating a @code{defvar} expression does nothing if the variable it | |
1013 defines already has a value. But @kbd{C-M-x} unconditionally resets the | |
1014 variable to the initial value specified in the @code{defvar} expression. | |
28431
315d6e79ea38
Overlay arrow in margin. eval-expression variables.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27223
diff
changeset
|
1015 @code{defcustom} expressions are treated similarly. |
25829 | 1016 This special feature is convenient for debugging Lisp programs. |
56007
8446511392c6
(Lisp Eval): Add C-M-x on defface.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
55577
diff
changeset
|
1017 Typing @kbd{C-M-x} on a @code{defface} expression reinitializes |
8446511392c6
(Lisp Eval): Add C-M-x on defface.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
55577
diff
changeset
|
1018 the face according to the @code{defface} specification. |
25829 | 1019 |
1020 @kindex C-x C-e | |
1021 @findex eval-last-sexp | |
1022 The command @kbd{C-x C-e} (@code{eval-last-sexp}) evaluates the Lisp | |
1023 expression preceding point in the buffer, and displays the value in the | |
1024 echo area. It is available in all major modes, not just Emacs-Lisp | |
1025 mode. It does not treat @code{defvar} specially. | |
1026 | |
1027 If @kbd{C-M-x}, @kbd{C-x C-e}, or @kbd{M-:} is given a numeric | |
1028 argument, it inserts the value into the current buffer at point, rather | |
1029 than displaying it in the echo area. The argument's value does not | |
1030 matter. | |
1031 | |
1032 @findex eval-region | |
1033 @findex eval-current-buffer | |
1034 The most general command for evaluating Lisp expressions from a buffer | |
1035 is @code{eval-region}. @kbd{M-x eval-region} parses the text of the | |
1036 region as one or more Lisp expressions, evaluating them one by one. | |
1037 @kbd{M-x eval-current-buffer} is similar but evaluates the entire | |
1038 buffer. This is a reasonable way to install the contents of a file of | |
38461
23f63206a867
Proofreading fixes from Chris Green <chris_e_green@yahoo.com>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38202
diff
changeset
|
1039 Lisp code that you are ready to test. Later, as you find bugs and |
25829 | 1040 change individual functions, use @kbd{C-M-x} on each function that you |
1041 change. This keeps the Lisp world in step with the source file. | |
1042 | |
28431
315d6e79ea38
Overlay arrow in margin. eval-expression variables.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27223
diff
changeset
|
1043 @vindex eval-expression-print-level |
315d6e79ea38
Overlay arrow in margin. eval-expression variables.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27223
diff
changeset
|
1044 @vindex eval-expression-print-length |
315d6e79ea38
Overlay arrow in margin. eval-expression variables.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27223
diff
changeset
|
1045 @vindex eval-expression-debug-on-error |
315d6e79ea38
Overlay arrow in margin. eval-expression variables.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27223
diff
changeset
|
1046 The customizable variables @code{eval-expression-print-level} and |
315d6e79ea38
Overlay arrow in margin. eval-expression variables.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27223
diff
changeset
|
1047 @code{eval-expression-print-length} control the maximum depth and length |
315d6e79ea38
Overlay arrow in margin. eval-expression variables.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27223
diff
changeset
|
1048 of lists to print in the result of the evaluation commands before |
315d6e79ea38
Overlay arrow in margin. eval-expression variables.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27223
diff
changeset
|
1049 abbreviating them. @code{eval-expression-debug-on-error} controls |
315d6e79ea38
Overlay arrow in margin. eval-expression variables.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27223
diff
changeset
|
1050 whether evaluation errors invoke the debugger when these commands are |
315d6e79ea38
Overlay arrow in margin. eval-expression variables.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27223
diff
changeset
|
1051 used. |
315d6e79ea38
Overlay arrow in margin. eval-expression variables.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
27223
diff
changeset
|
1052 |
25829 | 1053 @node Lisp Interaction |
1054 @section Lisp Interaction Buffers | |
1055 | |
1056 The buffer @samp{*scratch*} which is selected when Emacs starts up is | |
1057 provided for evaluating Lisp expressions interactively inside Emacs. | |
1058 | |
1059 The simplest way to use the @samp{*scratch*} buffer is to insert Lisp | |
1060 expressions and type @kbd{C-j} after each expression. This command | |
1061 reads the Lisp expression before point, evaluates it, and inserts the | |
1062 value in printed representation before point. The result is a complete | |
1063 typescript of the expressions you have evaluated and their values. | |
1064 | |
1065 The @samp{*scratch*} buffer's major mode is Lisp Interaction mode, which | |
1066 is the same as Emacs-Lisp mode except for the binding of @kbd{C-j}. | |
1067 | |
1068 @findex lisp-interaction-mode | |
1069 The rationale for this feature is that Emacs must have a buffer when | |
1070 it starts up, but that buffer is not useful for editing files since a | |
1071 new buffer is made for every file that you visit. The Lisp interpreter | |
1072 typescript is the most useful thing I can think of for the initial | |
1073 buffer to do. Type @kbd{M-x lisp-interaction-mode} to put the current | |
1074 buffer in Lisp Interaction mode. | |
1075 | |
1076 @findex ielm | |
1077 An alternative way of evaluating Emacs Lisp expressions interactively | |
1078 is to use Inferior Emacs-Lisp mode, which provides an interface rather | |
1079 like Shell mode (@pxref{Shell Mode}) for evaluating Emacs Lisp | |
1080 expressions. Type @kbd{M-x ielm} to create an @samp{*ielm*} buffer | |
1081 which uses this mode. | |
1082 | |
1083 @node External Lisp | |
1084 @section Running an External Lisp | |
1085 | |
1086 Emacs has facilities for running programs in other Lisp systems. You can | |
1087 run a Lisp process as an inferior of Emacs, and pass expressions to it to | |
1088 be evaluated. You can also pass changed function definitions directly from | |
1089 the Emacs buffers in which you edit the Lisp programs to the inferior Lisp | |
1090 process. | |
1091 | |
1092 @findex run-lisp | |
1093 @vindex inferior-lisp-program | |
1094 @kindex C-x C-z | |
1095 To run an inferior Lisp process, type @kbd{M-x run-lisp}. This runs | |
1096 the program named @code{lisp}, the same program you would run by typing | |
1097 @code{lisp} as a shell command, with both input and output going through | |
1098 an Emacs buffer named @samp{*lisp*}. That is to say, any ``terminal | |
1099 output'' from Lisp will go into the buffer, advancing point, and any | |
1100 ``terminal input'' for Lisp comes from text in the buffer. (You can | |
1101 change the name of the Lisp executable file by setting the variable | |
1102 @code{inferior-lisp-program}.) | |
1103 | |
1104 To give input to Lisp, go to the end of the buffer and type the input, | |
1105 terminated by @key{RET}. The @samp{*lisp*} buffer is in Inferior Lisp | |
1106 mode, which combines the special characteristics of Lisp mode with most | |
1107 of the features of Shell mode (@pxref{Shell Mode}). The definition of | |
1108 @key{RET} to send a line to a subprocess is one of the features of Shell | |
1109 mode. | |
1110 | |
1111 @findex lisp-mode | |
1112 For the source files of programs to run in external Lisps, use Lisp | |
1113 mode. This mode can be selected with @kbd{M-x lisp-mode}, and is used | |
1114 automatically for files whose names end in @file{.l}, @file{.lsp}, or | |
1115 @file{.lisp}, as most Lisp systems usually expect. | |
1116 | |
1117 @kindex C-M-x @r{(Lisp mode)} | |
1118 @findex lisp-eval-defun | |
1119 When you edit a function in a Lisp program you are running, the easiest | |
1120 way to send the changed definition to the inferior Lisp process is the key | |
1121 @kbd{C-M-x}. In Lisp mode, this runs the function @code{lisp-eval-defun}, | |
1122 which finds the defun around or following point and sends it as input to | |
1123 the Lisp process. (Emacs can send input to any inferior process regardless | |
1124 of what buffer is current.) | |
1125 | |
1126 Contrast the meanings of @kbd{C-M-x} in Lisp mode (for editing programs | |
1127 to be run in another Lisp system) and Emacs-Lisp mode (for editing Lisp | |
1128 programs to be run in Emacs): in both modes it has the effect of installing | |
1129 the function definition that point is in, but the way of doing so is | |
1130 different according to where the relevant Lisp environment is found. | |
1131 @xref{Executing Lisp}. | |
52401 | 1132 |
1133 @ignore | |
1134 arch-tag: 9c3c2f71-b332-4144-8500-3ff9945a50ed | |
1135 @end ignore |