annotate INSTALL @ 22785:3ec05468d4e7

(*:[Aa]miga[Oo][Ss]:*:*): New alternative. (BeBox:BeOS:*:*, BeMac:BeOS:*:*): New alternatives.
author Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
date Sun, 19 Jul 1998 22:10:23 +0000
parents 7851f4551208
children 3f2ab6f2bb5c
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1 GNU Emacs Installation Guide
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2 Copyright (c) 1992, 1994, 1996, 1997 Free software Foundation, Inc.
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3
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4 Permission is granted to anyone to make or distribute verbatim copies
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5 of this document as received, in any medium, provided that the
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6 copyright notice and permission notice are preserved,
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7 and that the distributor grants the recipient permission
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8 for further redistribution as permitted by this notice.
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9
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10 Permission is granted to distribute modified versions
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11 of this document, or of portions of it,
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12 under the above conditions, provided also that they
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13 carry prominent notices stating who last changed them,
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14 and that any new or changed statements about the activities
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15 of the Free Software Foundation are approved by the Foundation.
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16
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17
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18 ADDITIONAL DISTRIBUTION FILES
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19
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20 * leim-M.N.tar.gz
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21
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22 The Emacs Lisp code for input methods for various international
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23 character scripts is distributed in a separate tar file because of its
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24 large size. This file is called leim-M.N.tar.gz, with the same
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25 version number as Emacs, and it unpacks into the directory
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26 emacs-M.N/leim. Thus, if you unpack it in the same directory where
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27 you unpacked the Emacs distribution, it fills in a subdirectory
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28 of the Emacs distribution.
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29
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30 If you have already unpacked the Leim tar file into a subdirectory of
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31 the Emacs sources, building and installing Emacs automatically
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32 installs the input method support as well. If you unpack the Leim tar
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33 file into the Emacs sources after building and installing Emacs, just
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34 build Emacs again and install it again.
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35
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36 * intlfonts-VERSION.tar.gz
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37
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38 The intlfonts distribution contains X11 fonts that Emacs needs in
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39 order to display international characters. If you see a non-ASCII
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40 character appear as a hollow box, that means you don't have a font for
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41 it. You might find a font in the intlfonts distribution. If some
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42 characters don't look right, or appear improperly aligned, a font
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43 from the intlfonts distribution might look better.
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44
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45 The intlfonts distribution contains its own installation instructions,
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46 in the intlfonts/README file.
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47
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48
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49 BUILDING AND INSTALLATION:
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50
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51 (This is for a Unix or Unix-like system. For MSDOS, see below; search
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52 for MSDOG. For Windows NT or Windows 95, see the file nt/INSTALL.)
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53
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54 1) Make sure your system has enough swapping space allocated to handle
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55 a program whose pure code is 900k bytes and whose data area is at
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56 least 400k and can reach 8Mb or more. If the swapping space is
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57 insufficient, you will get an error in the command `temacs -batch -l
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58 loadup dump', found in `./src/Makefile.in', or possibly when
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59 running the final dumped Emacs.
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60
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61 Building Emacs requires about 70 Mb of disk space (including the Emacs
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62 sources). Once installed, Emacs occupies about 35 Mb in the file
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63 system where it is installed; this includes the executable files, Lisp
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64 libraries, miscellaneous data files, and on-line documentation. If
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65 the building and installation take place in different directories,
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66 then the installation procedure momentarily requires 70+35 Mb.
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67
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68 2) Consult `./etc/MACHINES' to see what configuration name you should
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69 give to the `configure' program. That file offers hints for
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70 getting around some possible installation problems.
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71
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72 3) You can build Emacs in the top-level Emacs source directory
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73 or in a separate directory.
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74
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75 3a) To build in the top-level Emacs source directory, go to that
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76 directory and run the program `configure' as follows:
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77
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78 ./configure [CONFIGURATION-NAME] [--OPTION[=VALUE]] ...
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79
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80 The CONFIGURATION-NAME argument should be a configuration name given
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81 in `./etc/MACHINES', with the system version number added at the end.
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82
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83 You should try first omitting CONFIGURATION-NAME. This way,
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84 `configure' will try to guess your system type. If it cannot guess,
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85 or if something goes wrong in building or installing Emacs this way,
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86 try again specifying the proper CONFIGURATION-NAME explicitly.
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87
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88 If you don't want X support, specify `--with-x=no'. If you omit this
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89 option, `configure' will try to figure out for itself whether your
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90 system has X, and arrange to use it if present.
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91
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92 The `--x-includes=DIR' and `--x-libraries=DIR' options tell the build
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93 process where the compiler should look for the include files and
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94 object libraries used with the X Window System. Normally, `configure'
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95 is able to find them; these options are necessary if you have your X
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96 Window System files installed in unusual places. These options also
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97 accept a list of directories, separated with colons.
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98
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99 To get more attractive menus, you can specify an X toolkit when you
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100 configure Emacs; use the option `--with-x-toolkit=TOOLKIT', where
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101 TOOLKIT is `athena' or `motif' (`yes' and `lucid' are synonyms for
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102 `athena'). On some systems, it does not work to use a toolkit with
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103 shared libraries.
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104
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105 The `--with-gcc' option specifies that the build process should
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106 compile Emacs using GCC. If you don't want to use GCC, specify
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107 `--with-gcc=no'. If you omit this option, `configure' will search
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108 for GCC in your path, and use it if present.
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109
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110 If you want the Emacs mail reader RMAIL to read mail from a POP
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111 server, you must specify `--with-pop'. This provides support for the
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112 POP3 protocol; older versions are not supported. For
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113 Kerberos-authenticated POP add `--with-kerberos', for Hesiod support
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114 add `--with-hesiod'. These options enable Emacs to use POP; whether
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115 Emacs uses POP is controlled by individual users--see the Rmail
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116 chapter of the Emacs manual.
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117
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118 The `--prefix=PREFIXDIR' option specifies where the installation process
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119 should put emacs and its data files. This defaults to `/usr/local'.
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120 - Emacs (and the other utilities users run) go in PREFIXDIR/bin
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121 (unless the `--exec-prefix' option says otherwise).
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122 - The architecture-independent files go in PREFIXDIR/share/emacs/VERSION
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123 (where VERSION is the version number of Emacs, like `19.27').
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124 - The architecture-dependent files go in
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125 PREFIXDIR/libexec/emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION
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126 (where CONFIGURATION is the configuration name, like mips-dec-ultrix4.2),
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127 unless the `--exec-prefix' option says otherwise.
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128
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129 The `--exec-prefix=EXECDIR' option allows you to specify a separate
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130 portion of the directory tree for installing architecture-specific
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131 files, like executables and utility programs. If specified,
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132 - Emacs (and the other utilities users run) go in EXECDIR/bin, and
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133 - The architecture-dependent files go in
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134 EXECDIR/libexec/emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION.
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135 EXECDIR/bin should be a directory that is normally in users' PATHs.
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136
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137 For example, the command
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138
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139 ./configure mips-dec-ultrix --with-x11
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140
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141 configures Emacs to build for a DECstation running Ultrix, with
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142 support for the X11 window system.
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143
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144 `configure' doesn't do any compilation or installation
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145 itself. It just creates the files that influence those things:
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146 `./Makefile', `lib-src/Makefile', `oldXMenu/Makefile',
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147 `lwlib/Makefile', `src/Makefile', and `./src/config.h'. For details
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148 on exactly what it does, see the section called `CONFIGURATION BY
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149 HAND', below.
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150
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151 When it is done, `configure' prints a description of what it did and
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152 creates a shell script `config.status' which, when run, recreates the
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153 same configuration. If `configure' exits with an error after
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154 disturbing the status quo, it removes `config.status'. `configure'
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155 also creates a file `config.cache' that saves the results of its tests
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156 to make reconfiguring faster, and a file `config.log' containing compiler
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157 output (useful mainly for debugging `configure'). You can give
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158 `configure' the option `--cache-file=FILE' to use the results of the
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159 tests in FILE instead of `config.cache'. Set FILE to `/dev/null' to
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160 disable caching, for debugging `configure'.
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161
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162 The work of `configure' can be done by editing various files in the
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163 distribution, but using `configure' is easier. See the section called
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164 "CONFIGURATION BY HAND" below if you want to do the configuration
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165 yourself.
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166
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167 3b) To build in a separate directory, go to that directory
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168 and run the program `configure' as follows:
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169
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170 SOURCE-DIR/configure CONFIGURATION-NAME [--OPTION[=VALUE]] ...
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171
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172 SOURCE-DIR refers to the top-level Emacs source directory which is
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173 where Emacs's configure script is located. `configure' looks for the
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174 Emacs source code in the directory that `configure' is in.
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175
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176 To build in a separate directory, you must use a version of `make'
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177 that supports the `VPATH' variable, such as GNU `make'.
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178
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179 3c) Some people try to build in a separate directory by filling
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180 it full of symlinks to the files in the real source directory.
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181 If you do that, `make all' does work, but `make install' fails:
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182 it copies the symbolic links rather than the actual files.
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183
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184 As far as is known, there is no particular reason to use
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185 a directory full of links rather than use the standard GNU
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186 facilities to build in a separate directory (see 3b above).
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187
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188 4) Look at `./lisp/paths.el'; if some of those values are not right
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189 for your system, set up the file `./lisp/site-init.el' with Emacs
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190 Lisp code to override them; it is not a good idea to edit paths.el
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191 itself. YOU MUST USE THE LISP FUNCTION `setq' TO ASSIGN VALUES,
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192 rather than `defvar', as used by `./lisp/paths.el'. For example,
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193
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194 (setq news-inews-program "/usr/bin/inews")
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195
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196 is how you would override the default value of the variable
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197 news-inews-program (which is "/usr/local/inews").
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198
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199 Before you override a variable this way, *look at the value* that the
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200 variable gets by default! Make sure you know what kind of value the
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201 variable should have. If you don't pay attention to what you are
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202 doing, you'll make a mistake.
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203
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204 5) Put into `./lisp/site-init.el' or `./lisp/site-load.el' any Emacs
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205 Lisp code you want Emacs to load before it is dumped out. Use
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206 site-load.el for additional libraries if you arrange for their
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207 documentation strings to be in the etc/DOC file (see
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208 src/Makefile.in if you wish to figure out how to do that). For all
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209 else, use site-init.el.
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210
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211 If you set load-path to a different value in site-init.el or
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212 site-load.el, Emacs will use *precisely* that value when it starts up
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213 again. If you do this, you are on your own!
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214
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215 Note that, on some systems, the code you place in site-init.el must
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216 not use expand-file-name or any other function which may look
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217 something up in the system's password and user information database.
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218 See `./etc/PROBLEMS' for more details on which systems this affects.
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219
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220 The `site-*.el' files are nonexistent in the distribution. You do not
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221 need to create them if you have nothing to put in them.
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222
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223 6) Refer to the file `./etc/TERMS' for information on fields you may
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224 wish to add to various termcap entries. The files `./etc/termcap.ucb'
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225 and `./etc/termcap.dat' may already contain appropriately-modified
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226 entries.
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227
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228 7) Run `make' in the top directory of the Emacs distribution to finish
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229 building Emacs in the standard way. The final executable file is
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230 named `src/emacs'. You can execute this file "in place" without
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231 copying it, if you wish; then it automatically uses the sibling
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232 directories ../lisp, ../lib-src, ../info.
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233
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234 Or you can "install" the executable and the other Emacs into their
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235 installed locations, with `make install'. By default, Emacs's files
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236 are installed in the following directories:
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237
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238 `/usr/local/bin' holds the executable programs users normally run -
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239 `emacs', `etags', `ctags', `b2m', `emacsclient',
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240 and `rcs-checkin'.
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241
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242 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/lisp' holds the Emacs Lisp library;
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243 `VERSION' stands for the number of the Emacs version
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244 you are installing, like `18.59' or `19.27'. Since the
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245 Lisp library changes from one version of Emacs to
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246 another, including the version number in the path
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247 allows you to have several versions of Emacs installed
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248 at the same time; in particular, you don't have to
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249 make Emacs unavailable while installing a new version.
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250
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251 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/site-lisp' holds the local Emacs Lisp
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252 files installed for Emacs version VERSION only.
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253
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254 `/usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp' holds the local Emacs Lisp
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255 files installed for all Emacs versions.
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256
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257 When Emacs is installed, it searches for its Lisp files
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258 in `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/site-lisp', then in
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259 `/usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp', and finally in
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260 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/lisp'.
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261
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262 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/etc' holds the Emacs tutorial, the DOC
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263 file, the `yow' database, and other
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264 architecture-independent files Emacs might need while
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265 running. VERSION is as specified for `.../lisp'.
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266
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267 `/usr/local/com/emacs/lock' contains files indicating who is editing
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268 what, so Emacs can detect editing clashes between
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269 users.
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270
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271 `/usr/local/libexec/emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION-NAME' contains executable
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272 programs used by Emacs that users are not expected to
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273 run themselves.
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274 `VERSION' is the number of the Emacs version you are
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275 installing, and `CONFIGURATION-NAME' is the argument
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276 you gave to the `configure' program to identify the
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277 architecture and operating system of your machine,
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278 like `mips-dec-ultrix' or `sparc-sun-sunos'. Since
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279 these files are specific to the version of Emacs,
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280 operating system, and architecture in use, including
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281 the configuration name in the path allows you to have
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282 several versions of Emacs for any mix of machines and
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283 operating systems installed at the same time; this is
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284 useful for sites at which different kinds of machines
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285 share the file system Emacs is installed on.
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286
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287 `/usr/local/info' holds the on-line documentation for Emacs, known as
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288 "info files". Many other GNU programs are documented
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289 using info files as well, so this directory stands
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290 apart from the other, Emacs-specific directories.
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291
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292 `/usr/local/man/man1' holds the man pages for the programs installed
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293 in `/usr/local/bin'.
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294
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295 If these directories are not what you want, you can specify where to
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296 install Emacs's libraries and data files or where Emacs should search
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297 for its Lisp files by giving values for `make' variables as part of
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298 the command. See the section below called `MAKE VARIABLES' for more
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299 information on this.
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300
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301 8) Check the file `dir' in your site's info directory (usually
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302 /usr/local/info) to make sure that it has a menu entry for the Emacs
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303 info files.
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304
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305 9) If your system uses lock files to interlock access to mailer inbox files,
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306 then you might need to make the movemail program setuid or setgid
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307 to enable it to write the lock files. We believe this is safe.
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308
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309 10) You are done! You can remove executables and object files from
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310 the build directory by typing `make clean'. To also remove the files
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311 that `configure' created (so you can compile Emacs for a different
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312 configuration), type `make distclean'.
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313
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314
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315
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316 MAKE VARIABLES
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317
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318 You can change where the build process installs Emacs and its data
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319 files by specifying values for `make' variables as part of the `make'
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320 command line. For example, if you type
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321
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322 make install bindir=/usr/local/gnubin
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323
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324 the `bindir=/usr/local/gnubin' argument indicates that the Emacs
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325 executable files should go in `/usr/local/gnubin', not
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326 `/usr/local/bin'.
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327
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328 Here is a complete list of the variables you may want to set.
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329
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330 `bindir' indicates where to put executable programs that users can
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331 run. This defaults to /usr/local/bin.
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332
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333 `datadir' indicates where to put the architecture-independent
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334 read-only data files that Emacs refers to while it runs; it
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335 defaults to /usr/local/share. We create the following
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336 subdirectories under `datadir':
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337 - `emacs/VERSION/lisp', containing the Emacs Lisp library, and
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338 - `emacs/VERSION/etc', containing the Emacs tutorial, the DOC
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339 file, and the `yow' database.
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340 `VERSION' is the number of the Emacs version you are installing,
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341 like `18.59' or `19.0'. Since these files vary from one version
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342 of Emacs to another, including the version number in the path
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343 allows you to have several versions of Emacs installed at the
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344 same time; this means that you don't have to make Emacs
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345 unavailable while installing a new version.
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346
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347 `sharedstatedir' indicates where to put architecture-independent data files
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348 that Emacs modifies while it runs; it defaults to
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349 /usr/local/com. We create the following
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350 subdirectories under `sharedstatedir':
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351 - `emacs/lock', containing files indicating who is editing
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352 what, so Emacs can detect editing clashes between
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353 users.
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354
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355 `libexecdir' indicates where to put architecture-specific data files that
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356 Emacs refers to as it runs; it defaults to `/usr/local/libexec'.
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357 We create the following subdirectories under `libexecdir':
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358 - `emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION-NAME', containing executable
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359 programs used by Emacs that users are not expected to run
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360 themselves.
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361 `VERSION' is the number of the Emacs version you are installing,
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362 and `CONFIGURATION-NAME' is the argument you gave to the
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363 `configure' program to identify the architecture and operating
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364 system of your machine, like `mips-dec-ultrix' or
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365 `sparc-sun-sunos'. Since these files are specific to the version
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366 of Emacs, operating system, and architecture in use, including
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367 the configuration name in the path allows you to have several
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368 versions of Emacs for any mix of machines and operating systems
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369 installed at the same time; this is useful for sites at which
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370 different kinds of machines share the file system Emacs is
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371 installed on.
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372
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373 `infodir' indicates where to put the info files distributed with
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374 Emacs; it defaults to `/usr/local/info'.
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375
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376 `mandir' indicates where to put the man pages for Emacs and its
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377 utilities (like `etags'); it defaults to
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378 `/usr/local/man/man1'.
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379
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380 `manext' gives the extension the man pages should be installed with.
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381 It should contain a period, followed by the appropriate
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382 digit. It defaults to `.1'. For example given the default
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383 values for `mandir' and `manext', the Emacs man page would be
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384 installed as `/usr/local/man/man1/emacs.1'.
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385
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386 `prefix' doesn't give a path for any specific part of Emacs; instead,
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387 its value is used to determine the defaults for all the
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388 architecture-independent path variables - `datadir',
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389 `sharedstatedir', `infodir', and `mandir'. Its default value is
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390 `/usr/local'; the other variables add on `lib' or `man' to it
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391 by default.
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392
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393 For example, suppose your site generally places GNU software
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394 under `/usr/users/software/gnusoft' instead of `/usr/local'.
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395 By including
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396 `prefix=/usr/users/software/gnusoft'
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397 in the arguments to `make', you can instruct the build process
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398 to place all of the Emacs data files in the appropriate
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399 directories under that path.
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400
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401 `exec_prefix' serves the same purpose as `prefix', but instead
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402 determines the default values for the architecture-dependent
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403 path variables - `bindir' and `libexecdir'.
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404
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405 The above variables serve analogous purposes in the makefiles for all
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406 GNU software; this variable is specific to Emacs.
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407
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408 `archlibdir' indicates where Emacs installs and expects the executable
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409 files and other architecture-dependent data it uses while
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410 running. Its default value, based on `libexecdir' (which
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411 see), is `/usr/local/libexec/emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION-NAME'
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412 (where VERSION and CONFIGURATION-NAME are as described above).
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413
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414 Remember that you must specify any variable values you need each time
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415 you run `make' in the top directory. If you run `make' once to build
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416 emacs, test it, and then run `make' again to install the files, you
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417 must provide the same variable settings each time. To make the
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418 settings persist, you can edit them into the `Makefile' in the top
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419 directory, but be aware that running the `configure' program erases
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420 `Makefile' and rebuilds it from `Makefile.in'.
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421
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422 The path for finding Lisp files is specified in src/paths.h,
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423 a file which is generated by running configure. To change the path,
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424 you can edit the definition of PATH_LOADSEARCH in that file
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425 before you run `make'.
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426
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427 The top-level Makefile stores the variable settings it used in the
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428 Makefiles for the subdirectories, so you don't have to specify them
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429 when running make in the subdirectories.
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430
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431
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432 CONFIGURATION BY HAND
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433
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434 Instead of running the `configure' program, you have to perform the
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435 following steps.
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436
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437 1) Copy `./src/config.in' to `./src/config.h'.
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438
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439 2) Consult `./etc/MACHINES' to see what configuration name you should
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440 use for your system. Look at the code of the `configure' script to
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441 see which operating system and architecture description files from
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442 `src/s' and `src/m' should be used for that configuration name. Edit
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443 `src/config.h', and change the two `#include' directives to include
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444 the appropriate system and architecture description files.
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445
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446 2) Edit `./src/config.h' to set the right options for your system. If
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447 you need to override any of the definitions in the s/*.h and m/*.h
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448 files for your system and machine, do so by editing config.h, not by
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449 changing the s/*.h and m/*.h files. Occasionally you may need to
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450 redefine parameters used in `./lib-src/movemail.c'.
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451
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452 3) Create src/Makefile and lib-src/Makefile from the corresponding
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453 `Makefile.in' files. First copy `Makefile.in' to `Makefile.c',
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454 then edit in appropriate substitutions for the @...@ constructs,
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455 and then copy the shell commands near the end of `configure'
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456 that run cpp to construct `Makefile'.
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457
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458 4) Create `Makefile' files in various other directories
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459 from the corresponding `Makefile.in' files. This isn't so hard,
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460 just a matter of substitution.
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461
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462 The `configure' script is built from `configure.in' by the `autoconf'
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05fbcd364e6e update for Autoconf 2.0 and other recent changes.
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463 program. You need version 2.0 or newer of `autoconf' to rebuild `configure'.
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464
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465 BUILDING GNU EMACS BY HAND
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466
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467 Once Emacs is configured, running `make' in the top directory performs
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468 the following steps.
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469
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470 1) Run `make src/paths.h' in the top directory. This produces
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471 `./src/paths.h' from the template file `./src/paths.in', changing
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472 the paths to the values specified in `./Makefile'.
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473
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474 2) Go to directory `./lib-src' and run `make'. This creates
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475 executables named `ctags' and `etags' and `wakeup' and `make-docfile'
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476 and `digest-doc' and `test-distrib'. And others.
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477
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478 3) Go to directory `./src' and Run `make'. This refers to files in
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479 the `./lisp' and `./lib-src' subdirectories using names `../lisp' and
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480 `../lib-src'.
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481
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482 This creates a file `./src/emacs' which is the runnable Emacs,
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483 which has another name that contains a version number.
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484 Each time you do this, that version number increments in the last place.
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485
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486 It also creates a file in `./etc' whose name is `DOC' followed by the
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487 current Emacs version. This file contains documentation strings for
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488 all the functions in Emacs. Each time you run make to make a new
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489 emacs, a new DOC file with a new name is made. You must keep the DOC
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490 file for an Emacs version as long as you keep using that Emacs
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parents:
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491 version.
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diff changeset
492
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493
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494 INSTALLATION BY HAND
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495
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496 The steps below are done by running `make install' in the main
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497 directory of the Emacs distribution.
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498
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parents:
diff changeset
499 1) Copy `./lisp' and its subdirectories, `./etc', and the executables
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parents:
diff changeset
500 in `./lib-src' to their final destinations, as selected in `./src/paths.h'.
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parents:
diff changeset
501
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diff changeset
502 Strictly speaking, not all of the executables in `./lib-src' need be copied.
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parents: 6062
diff changeset
503 - The programs `cvtmail', `emacsserver', `fakemail', `hexl',
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parents: 7627
diff changeset
504 `movemail', `profile', `rcs2log', `timer', `vcdiff', `wakeup',
e520e9f9a8d9 Formerly INSTALL.~31~
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parents: 7627
diff changeset
505 and `yow' are used by Emacs; they do need to be copied.
e520e9f9a8d9 Formerly INSTALL.~31~
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parents: 7627
diff changeset
506 - The programs `etags', `ctags', `emacsclient', `b2m', and `rcs-checkin'
3199
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parents:
diff changeset
507 are intended to be run by users; they are handled below.
9498
0d3e8a3551b1 Formerly INSTALL.~32~
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parents: 7864
diff changeset
508 - The programs `make-docfile' and `test-distrib' were
3199
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parents:
diff changeset
509 used in building Emacs, and are not needed any more.
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parents:
diff changeset
510 - The programs `digest-doc' and `sorted-doc' convert a `DOC' file into
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Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
511 a file for users to read. There is no important reason to move them.
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parents:
diff changeset
512
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diff changeset
513 2) Copy the files in `./info' to the place specified in
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Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
514 `./lisp/site-init.el' or `./lisp/paths.el'. Note that if the
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Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
515 destination directory already contains a file named `dir', you
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
516 probably don't want to replace it with the `dir' file in the Emacs
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Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
517 distribution. Instead, you should make sure that the existing `dir'
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parents:
diff changeset
518 file contains an appropriate menu entry for the Emacs info.
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Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
519
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parents:
diff changeset
520 3) Create a directory for Emacs to use for clash detection, named as
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
521 indicated by the PATH_LOCK macro in `./src/paths.h'.
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parents:
diff changeset
522
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parents:
diff changeset
523 4) Copy `./src/emacs' to `/usr/local/bin', or to some other directory
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
524 in users' search paths. `./src/emacs' has an alternate name
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
525 `./src/emacs-EMACSVERSION'; you may wish to make a symbolic link named
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
526 `/usr/local/bin/emacs' pointing to that alternate name, as an easy way
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
527 of installing different versions.
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
528
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Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
529 You can delete `./src/temacs'.
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
530
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
531 5) Copy the programs `b2m', `emacsclient', `ctags', `etags', and
7864
e520e9f9a8d9 Formerly INSTALL.~31~
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7627
diff changeset
532 `rcs-checkin' from `./lib-src' to `/usr/local/bin'. These programs are
3199
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Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
533 intended for users to run.
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
534
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
535 6) Copy the man pages in `./etc' for emacs, ctags, and etags into the
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
536 appropriate man directories.
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
537
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
538 7) The files in the `./src' subdirectory, except for `emacs', are not
7864
e520e9f9a8d9 Formerly INSTALL.~31~
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7627
diff changeset
539 used by Emacs once it is built. However, it is very desirable to keep
e520e9f9a8d9 Formerly INSTALL.~31~
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7627
diff changeset
540 the source on line for debugging.
3199
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parents:
diff changeset
541
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Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
542
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parents:
diff changeset
543 PROBLEMS
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
544
21089
0413a3ff3b8d PROBLEMS is now in the etc directory.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 20213
diff changeset
545 See the file PROBLEMS in etc subdirectory for a list of various
3199
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Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
546 problems sometimes encountered, and what to do about them.
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
547
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
548
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e9768f0d0653 Formerly INSTALL.~20~
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parents: 3199
diff changeset
549 Installation on MSDOG (a.k.a. MSDOS)
e9768f0d0653 Formerly INSTALL.~20~
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parents: 3199
diff changeset
550
7627
99cf43c08895 Formerly INSTALL.~28~
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parents: 6062
diff changeset
551 To install on MSDOG, you need to have the GNU C compiler for MSDOG
15444
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
552 (also known as djgpp), GNU Make, rm, mv, and sed. See the remarks in
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
553 config.bat for more information about locations and versions. The
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
554 file etc/FAQ includes pointers to Internet sites where you can find
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
555 the necessary utilities; search for "MS-DOS". The configuration step
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
556 (see below) will test for these utilities and will refuse to continue
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
557 if any of them isn't found.
6062
e9768f0d0653 Formerly INSTALL.~20~
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parents: 3199
diff changeset
558
15444
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
559 If you are building the MSDOG version of Emacs on an MSDOG-like system
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
560 which supports long file names (e.g. Windows 95), you need to make
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
561 sure that long file names are handled consistently both when you
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
562 unpack the distribution and compile it. If you intend to compile with
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
563 DJGPP v2.0 or later, and long file names support is enabled (LFN=y in
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
564 the environment), you need to unpack Emacs distribution in a way that
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
565 doesn't truncate the original long filenames to the DOS 8.3 namespace;
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
566 the easiest way to do this is to use djtar program which comes with
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
567 DJGPP, since it will note the LFN setting and behave accordingly.
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
568 DJGPP v1 doesn't support long filenames, so you must unpack Emacs with
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
569 a program that truncates the filenames to 8.3 naming as it extracts
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
570 files; again, using djtar after setting LFN=n is the recommended way.
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
571 You can build Emacs with LFN=n even if you use DJGPP v2, if some of
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
572 your tools don't support long file names: just ensure that LFN is set
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
573 to `n' during both unpacking and compiling.
15017
11c175c0b7de Describe djtar.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15016
diff changeset
574
15444
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
575 (By the time you read this, you have already unpacked the Emacs
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
576 distribution, but if the explanations above imply that you should have
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
577 done it differently, it's safer to delete the directory tree created
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
578 by the unpacking program and unpack Emacs again, than to risk running
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
579 into problems during the build process.)
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
580
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
581 It is important to understand that the runtime support of long file
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
582 names by the Emacs binary is NOT affected by the LFN setting during
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
583 compilation; Emacs compiled with DJGPP v2.0 or later will always
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
584 support long file names on Windows 95 no matter what was the setting
15733
e3d77845180c Clarify info about long filenames on MSDOS-like systems.
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 15444
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585 of LFN at compile time. However, if you compiled with LFN disabled
e3d77845180c Clarify info about long filenames on MSDOS-like systems.
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586 and want to enable LFN support after Emacs was already built, you need
e3d77845180c Clarify info about long filenames on MSDOS-like systems.
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parents: 15444
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587 to make sure that the support files in the lisp, etc and info
e3d77845180c Clarify info about long filenames on MSDOS-like systems.
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 15444
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588 directories are called by their original long names as found in the
e3d77845180c Clarify info about long filenames on MSDOS-like systems.
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 15444
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589 distribution. You can do this either by renaming the files manually,
e3d77845180c Clarify info about long filenames on MSDOS-like systems.
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 15444
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590 or by extracting them from the original distribution archive with
e3d77845180c Clarify info about long filenames on MSDOS-like systems.
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 15444
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591 djtar after you set LFN=y in the environment.
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11c175c0b7de Describe djtar.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15016
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592
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66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
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593 To unpack Emacs with djtar, type this command:
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
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594
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
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parents: 15209
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595 djtar -x emacs.tgz
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parents: 12042
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596
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66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
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parents: 15209
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597 (This assumes that the Emacs distribution is called `emacs.tgz' on
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parents: 19352
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598 your system.)
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91d4c394cb61 Fix previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12341
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599
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66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
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parents: 15209
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600 When unpacking is done, a directory called `emacs-XX.YY' will be
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
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parents: 15209
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601 created, where XX.YY is the Emacs version. To build and install
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
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602 Emacs, chdir to that directory and type these commands:
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3398b88cbd25 Update MSDOS needs list.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12042
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603
3398b88cbd25 Update MSDOS needs list.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12042
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604 config msdos
3398b88cbd25 Update MSDOS needs list.
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parents: 12042
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605 make install
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606
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parents: 15017
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607 Building Emacs creates executable files in the src and lib-src
43c846d45f79 Clarify MSDOS installing and unpacking.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15017
diff changeset
608 directories. Installing Emacs on MSDOS moves these executables to a
43c846d45f79 Clarify MSDOS installing and unpacking.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15017
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609 sibling directory called bin. For example, if you build in directory
43c846d45f79 Clarify MSDOS installing and unpacking.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15017
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610 /emacs, installing moves the executables from /emacs/src and
43c846d45f79 Clarify MSDOS installing and unpacking.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15017
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611 /emacs/lib-src to the directory /emacs/bin, so you can then delete the
43c846d45f79 Clarify MSDOS installing and unpacking.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15017
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612 subdirectories /emacs/src and /emacs/lib-src if you wish. The only
15444
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
613 subdirectories you need to keep are bin, lisp, etc and info. The bin
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
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614 subdirectory should be added to your PATH. The msdos subdirectory
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
615 includes a PIF and an icon file for Emacs which you might find useful
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
616 if you run Emacs under MS Windows.
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f5ba89f88cfd Talk about MSDOS type conflict workaround.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12343
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617
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parents: 15017
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618 Emacs on MSDOS finds the lisp, etc and info directories by looking in
43c846d45f79 Clarify MSDOS installing and unpacking.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15017
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619 ../lisp, ../etc and ../info, starting from the directory where the
43c846d45f79 Clarify MSDOS installing and unpacking.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15017
diff changeset
620 Emacs executable was run from. You can override this by setting the
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parents: 19352
diff changeset
621 environment variables EMACSDATA (for the location of `etc' directory),
c08a8e2d0f27 MSDOS-related changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19352
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622 EMACSLOADPATH (for the location of `lisp' directory) and INFOPATH (for
c08a8e2d0f27 MSDOS-related changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19352
diff changeset
623 the location of the `info' directory).
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e9768f0d0653 Formerly INSTALL.~20~
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parents: 3199
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624
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parents: 6062
diff changeset
625 MSDOG is a not a multitasking operating system, so Emacs features such
99cf43c08895 Formerly INSTALL.~28~
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6062
diff changeset
626 as asynchronous subprocesses that depend on multitasking will not
99cf43c08895 Formerly INSTALL.~28~
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6062
diff changeset
627 work. Synchronous subprocesses do work.
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615a180ced87 Describe djgpp library replacement files.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15733
diff changeset
628
16861
310fd977a344 Update info about DJGPP.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 16309
diff changeset
629 Version 2.0 of djgpp has two bugs that affect Emacs. We've included
310fd977a344 Update info about DJGPP.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 16309
diff changeset
630 corrected versions of two files from djgpp in the msdos subdirectory:
310fd977a344 Update info about DJGPP.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 16309
diff changeset
631 is_exec.c and sigaction.c. To work around the bugs, compile these
310fd977a344 Update info about DJGPP.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 16309
diff changeset
632 files and link them into temacs. Djgpp version 2.01 have these bugs
310fd977a344 Update info about DJGPP.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 16309
diff changeset
633 fixed, so upgrade if you can before building Emacs.