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annotate doc/emacs/rmail.texi @ 112098:40af77a50adc
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date | Sun, 02 Jan 2011 15:28:40 -0500 |
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84264 | 1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual. |
2 @c Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, 2001, 2002, | |
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3 @c 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 |
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4 @c Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
84264 | 5 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions. |
6 @node Rmail, Dired, Sending Mail, Top | |
7 @chapter Reading Mail with Rmail | |
8 @cindex Rmail | |
9 @cindex reading mail | |
10 @findex rmail | |
11 @findex rmail-mode | |
12 @vindex rmail-mode-hook | |
13 | |
14 Rmail is an Emacs subsystem for reading and disposing of mail that | |
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15 you receive. Rmail stores mail messages in files called Rmail files. |
102341 | 16 Reading the messages in an Rmail file is done in a special major mode, |
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17 Rmail mode, which redefines most letters to run commands for managing mail. |
84264 | 18 @menu |
19 * Basic: Rmail Basics. Basic concepts of Rmail, and simple use. | |
20 * Scroll: Rmail Scrolling. Scrolling through a message. | |
21 * Motion: Rmail Motion. Moving to another message. | |
22 * Deletion: Rmail Deletion. Deleting and expunging messages. | |
23 * Inbox: Rmail Inbox. How mail gets into the Rmail file. | |
24 * Files: Rmail Files. Using multiple Rmail files. | |
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25 * Output: Rmail Output. Copying messages out to files. |
84264 | 26 * Labels: Rmail Labels. Classifying messages by labeling them. |
27 * Attrs: Rmail Attributes. Certain standard labels, called attributes. | |
28 * Reply: Rmail Reply. Sending replies to messages you are viewing. | |
29 * Summary: Rmail Summary. Summaries show brief info on many messages. | |
30 * Sort: Rmail Sorting. Sorting messages in Rmail. | |
31 * Display: Rmail Display. How Rmail displays a message; customization. | |
32 * Coding: Rmail Coding. How Rmail handles decoding character sets. | |
33 * Editing: Rmail Editing. Editing message text and headers in Rmail. | |
34 * Digest: Rmail Digest. Extracting the messages from a digest message. | |
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35 * Rot13: Rmail Rot13. Reading messages encoded in the rot13 code. |
84264 | 36 * Movemail:: More details of fetching new mail. |
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37 * Remote Mailboxes:: Retrieving mail from remote mailboxes. |
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38 * Other Mailbox Formats:: Retrieving mail from local mailboxes in |
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39 various formats. |
84264 | 40 @end menu |
41 | |
42 @node Rmail Basics | |
43 @section Basic Concepts of Rmail | |
44 | |
45 @cindex primary Rmail file | |
46 @vindex rmail-file-name | |
47 Using Rmail in the simplest fashion, you have one Rmail file | |
48 @file{~/RMAIL} in which all of your mail is saved. It is called your | |
49 @dfn{primary Rmail file}. The command @kbd{M-x rmail} reads your primary | |
50 Rmail file, merges new mail in from your inboxes, displays the first | |
51 message you haven't read yet, and lets you begin reading. The variable | |
52 @code{rmail-file-name} specifies the name of the primary Rmail file. | |
53 | |
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54 Rmail displays only one message in the Rmail file at a time. |
84264 | 55 The message that is shown is called the @dfn{current message}. Rmail |
56 mode's special commands can do such things as delete the current | |
57 message, copy it into another file, send a reply, or move to another | |
58 message. You can also create multiple Rmail files and use Rmail to move | |
59 messages between them. | |
60 | |
61 @cindex message number | |
62 Within the Rmail file, messages are normally arranged sequentially in | |
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63 order of receipt; you can specify other ways to sort them (@pxref{Rmail |
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64 Sorting}). Messages are identified by consecutive integers which are |
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65 their @dfn{message numbers}. The number of the current message is |
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66 displayed in Rmail's mode line, followed by the total number of messages |
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67 in the file. You can move to a message by specifying its message number |
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68 with the @kbd{j} key (@pxref{Rmail Motion}). |
84264 | 69 |
70 @kindex s @r{(Rmail)} | |
71 @findex rmail-expunge-and-save | |
72 Following the usual conventions of Emacs, changes in an Rmail file | |
73 become permanent only when you save the file. You can save it with | |
74 @kbd{s} (@code{rmail-expunge-and-save}), which also expunges deleted | |
75 messages from the file first (@pxref{Rmail Deletion}). To save the | |
76 file without expunging, use @kbd{C-x C-s}. Rmail also saves the Rmail | |
77 file after merging new mail from an inbox file (@pxref{Rmail Inbox}). | |
78 | |
79 @kindex q @r{(Rmail)} | |
80 @findex rmail-quit | |
81 @kindex b @r{(Rmail)} | |
82 @findex rmail-bury | |
83 You can exit Rmail with @kbd{q} (@code{rmail-quit}); this expunges | |
84 and saves the Rmail file, then buries the Rmail buffer as well as its | |
85 summary buffer, if present (@pxref{Rmail Summary}). But there is no | |
86 need to ``exit'' formally. If you switch from Rmail to editing in | |
87 other buffers, and never switch back, you have exited. Just make sure | |
88 to save the Rmail file eventually (like any other file you have | |
89 changed). @kbd{C-x s} is a suitable way to do this (@pxref{Save | |
90 Commands}). The Rmail command @kbd{b}, @code{rmail-bury}, buries the | |
91 Rmail buffer and its summary buffer without expunging and saving the | |
92 Rmail file. | |
93 | |
94 @node Rmail Scrolling | |
95 @section Scrolling Within a Message | |
96 | |
97 When Rmail displays a message that does not fit on the screen, you | |
98 must scroll through it to read the rest. You could do this with | |
99 @kbd{C-v}, @kbd{M-v} and @kbd{M-<}, but in Rmail scrolling is so | |
100 frequent that it deserves to be easier. | |
101 | |
102 @table @kbd | |
103 @item @key{SPC} | |
104 Scroll forward (@code{scroll-up}). | |
105 @item @key{DEL} | |
106 Scroll backward (@code{scroll-down}). | |
107 @item . | |
108 Scroll to start of message (@code{rmail-beginning-of-message}). | |
109 @item / | |
110 Scroll to end of message (@code{rmail-end-of-message}). | |
111 @end table | |
112 | |
113 @kindex SPC @r{(Rmail)} | |
114 @kindex DEL @r{(Rmail)} | |
115 Since the most common thing to do while reading a message is to scroll | |
116 through it by screenfuls, Rmail makes @key{SPC} and @key{DEL} synonyms of | |
117 @kbd{C-v} (@code{scroll-up}) and @kbd{M-v} (@code{scroll-down}) | |
118 | |
119 @kindex . @r{(Rmail)} | |
120 @kindex / @r{(Rmail)} | |
121 @findex rmail-beginning-of-message | |
122 @findex rmail-end-of-message | |
123 The command @kbd{.} (@code{rmail-beginning-of-message}) scrolls back to the | |
124 beginning of the selected message. This is not quite the same as @kbd{M-<}: | |
125 for one thing, it does not set the mark; for another, it resets the buffer | |
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126 boundaries of the current message if you have changed them. Similarly, |
84264 | 127 the command @kbd{/} (@code{rmail-end-of-message}) scrolls forward to the end |
128 of the selected message. | |
102341 | 129 @c The comment about buffer boundaries is still true in mbox Rmail, if |
130 @c less likely to be relevant. | |
84264 | 131 |
132 @node Rmail Motion | |
133 @section Moving Among Messages | |
134 | |
135 The most basic thing to do with a message is to read it. The way to | |
136 do this in Rmail is to make the message current. The usual practice is | |
137 to move sequentially through the file, since this is the order of | |
138 receipt of messages. When you enter Rmail, you are positioned at the | |
139 first message that you have not yet made current (that is, the first one | |
140 that has the @samp{unseen} attribute; @pxref{Rmail Attributes}). Move | |
141 forward to see the other new messages; move backward to re-examine old | |
142 messages. | |
143 | |
144 @table @kbd | |
145 @item n | |
146 Move to the next nondeleted message, skipping any intervening deleted | |
147 messages (@code{rmail-next-undeleted-message}). | |
148 @item p | |
149 Move to the previous nondeleted message | |
150 (@code{rmail-previous-undeleted-message}). | |
151 @item M-n | |
152 Move to the next message, including deleted messages | |
153 (@code{rmail-next-message}). | |
154 @item M-p | |
155 Move to the previous message, including deleted messages | |
156 (@code{rmail-previous-message}). | |
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157 @item C-c C-n |
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158 Move to the next message with the same subject as the current one |
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159 (@code{rmail-next-same-subject}). |
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160 @item C-c C-p |
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161 Move to the previous message with the same subject as the current one |
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162 (@code{rmail-previous-same-subject}). |
84264 | 163 @item j |
164 Move to the first message. With argument @var{n}, move to | |
165 message number @var{n} (@code{rmail-show-message}). | |
166 @item > | |
167 Move to the last message (@code{rmail-last-message}). | |
168 @item < | |
169 Move to the first message (@code{rmail-first-message}). | |
170 | |
171 @item M-s @var{regexp} @key{RET} | |
172 Move to the next message containing a match for @var{regexp} | |
173 (@code{rmail-search}). | |
174 | |
175 @item - M-s @var{regexp} @key{RET} | |
176 Move to the previous message containing a match for @var{regexp}. | |
177 @end table | |
178 | |
179 @kindex n @r{(Rmail)} | |
180 @kindex p @r{(Rmail)} | |
181 @kindex M-n @r{(Rmail)} | |
182 @kindex M-p @r{(Rmail)} | |
183 @findex rmail-next-undeleted-message | |
184 @findex rmail-previous-undeleted-message | |
185 @findex rmail-next-message | |
186 @findex rmail-previous-message | |
187 @kbd{n} and @kbd{p} are the usual way of moving among messages in | |
188 Rmail. They move through the messages sequentially, but skip over | |
189 deleted messages, which is usually what you want to do. Their command | |
190 definitions are named @code{rmail-next-undeleted-message} and | |
191 @code{rmail-previous-undeleted-message}. If you do not want to skip | |
192 deleted messages---for example, if you want to move to a message to | |
193 undelete it---use the variants @kbd{M-n} and @kbd{M-p} | |
194 (@code{rmail-next-message} and @code{rmail-previous-message}). A | |
195 numeric argument to any of these commands serves as a repeat | |
196 count. | |
197 | |
198 In Rmail, you can specify a numeric argument by typing just the | |
199 digits. You don't need to type @kbd{C-u} first. | |
200 | |
201 @kindex M-s @r{(Rmail)} | |
202 @findex rmail-search | |
203 @cindex searching in Rmail | |
204 The @kbd{M-s} (@code{rmail-search}) command is Rmail's version of | |
205 search. The usual incremental search command @kbd{C-s} works in Rmail, | |
206 but it searches only within the current message. The purpose of | |
207 @kbd{M-s} is to search for another message. It reads a regular | |
208 expression (@pxref{Regexps}) nonincrementally, then searches starting at | |
209 the beginning of the following message for a match. It then selects | |
210 that message. If @var{regexp} is empty, @kbd{M-s} reuses the regexp | |
211 used the previous time. | |
212 | |
213 To search backward in the file for another message, give @kbd{M-s} a | |
102341 | 214 negative argument. In Rmail you can do this with @kbd{- M-s}. This |
215 begins searching from the end of the previous message. | |
84264 | 216 |
217 It is also possible to search for a message based on labels. | |
218 @xref{Rmail Labels}. | |
219 | |
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220 @kindex C-c C-n @r{(Rmail)} |
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221 @kindex C-c C-p @r{(Rmail)} |
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222 @findex rmail-next-same-subject |
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223 @findex rmail-previous-same-subject |
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224 The @kbd{C-c C-n} (@code{rmail-next-same-subject}) command moves to |
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225 the next message with the same subject as the current one. A prefix |
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226 argument serves as a repeat count. With a negative argument, this |
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227 command moves backward, acting like @kbd{C-c C-p} |
102410 | 228 (@code{rmail-previous-same-subject}). When comparing subjects, these |
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229 commands ignore the prefixes typically added to the subjects of replies. |
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230 |
84264 | 231 @kindex j @r{(Rmail)} |
232 @kindex > @r{(Rmail)} | |
233 @kindex < @r{(Rmail)} | |
234 @findex rmail-show-message | |
235 @findex rmail-last-message | |
236 @findex rmail-first-message | |
237 To move to a message specified by absolute message number, use @kbd{j} | |
238 (@code{rmail-show-message}) with the message number as argument. With | |
239 no argument, @kbd{j} selects the first message. @kbd{<} | |
240 (@code{rmail-first-message}) also selects the first message. @kbd{>} | |
241 (@code{rmail-last-message}) selects the last message. | |
242 | |
243 @node Rmail Deletion | |
244 @section Deleting Messages | |
245 | |
246 @cindex deletion (Rmail) | |
247 When you no longer need to keep a message, you can @dfn{delete} it. This | |
248 flags it as ignorable, and some Rmail commands pretend it is no longer | |
249 present; but it still has its place in the Rmail file, and still has its | |
250 message number. | |
251 | |
252 @cindex expunging (Rmail) | |
253 @dfn{Expunging} the Rmail file actually removes the deleted messages. | |
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254 The remaining messages are renumbered consecutively. |
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255 @c The following is neither true (there is also unforward, sorting, |
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256 @c etc), nor especially interesting. |
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257 @c Expunging is the only action that changes the message number of any |
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258 @c message, except for undigestifying (@pxref{Rmail Digest}). |
84264 | 259 |
260 @table @kbd | |
261 @item d | |
262 Delete the current message, and move to the next nondeleted message | |
263 (@code{rmail-delete-forward}). | |
264 @item C-d | |
265 Delete the current message, and move to the previous nondeleted | |
266 message (@code{rmail-delete-backward}). | |
267 @item u | |
102341 | 268 Undelete the current message, or move back to the previous deleted |
269 message and undelete it (@code{rmail-undelete-previous-message}). | |
84264 | 270 @item x |
271 Expunge the Rmail file (@code{rmail-expunge}). | |
272 @end table | |
273 | |
274 @kindex d @r{(Rmail)} | |
275 @kindex C-d @r{(Rmail)} | |
276 @findex rmail-delete-forward | |
277 @findex rmail-delete-backward | |
278 There are two Rmail commands for deleting messages. Both delete the | |
279 current message and select another message. @kbd{d} | |
280 (@code{rmail-delete-forward}) moves to the following message, skipping | |
281 messages already deleted, while @kbd{C-d} (@code{rmail-delete-backward}) | |
282 moves to the previous nondeleted message. If there is no nondeleted | |
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283 message to move to in the specified direction, the message that was just |
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284 deleted remains current. @kbd{d} with a prefix argument is equivalent |
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285 to @kbd{C-d}. Note that the Rmail summary versions of these commands |
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286 behave slightly differently (@pxref{Rmail Summary Edit}). |
84264 | 287 |
102341 | 288 @c mention other hooks, eg show message hook? |
84264 | 289 @vindex rmail-delete-message-hook |
290 Whenever Rmail deletes a message, it runs the hook | |
291 @code{rmail-delete-message-hook}. When the hook functions are invoked, | |
292 the message has been marked deleted, but it is still the current message | |
293 in the Rmail buffer. | |
294 | |
295 @cindex undeletion (Rmail) | |
296 @kindex x @r{(Rmail)} | |
297 @findex rmail-expunge | |
298 @kindex u @r{(Rmail)} | |
299 @findex rmail-undelete-previous-message | |
300 To make all the deleted messages finally vanish from the Rmail file, | |
301 type @kbd{x} (@code{rmail-expunge}). Until you do this, you can still | |
302 @dfn{undelete} the deleted messages. The undeletion command, @kbd{u} | |
303 (@code{rmail-undelete-previous-message}), is designed to cancel the | |
304 effect of a @kbd{d} command in most cases. It undeletes the current | |
305 message if the current message is deleted. Otherwise it moves backward | |
306 to previous messages until a deleted message is found, and undeletes | |
307 that message. | |
308 | |
309 You can usually undo a @kbd{d} with a @kbd{u} because the @kbd{u} | |
310 moves back to and undeletes the message that the @kbd{d} deleted. But | |
311 this does not work when the @kbd{d} skips a few already-deleted messages | |
312 that follow the message being deleted; then the @kbd{u} command | |
313 undeletes the last of the messages that were skipped. There is no clean | |
314 way to avoid this problem. However, by repeating the @kbd{u} command, | |
315 you can eventually get back to the message that you intend to | |
316 undelete. You can also select a particular deleted message with | |
317 the @kbd{M-p} command, then type @kbd{u} to undelete it. | |
318 | |
319 A deleted message has the @samp{deleted} attribute, and as a result | |
320 @samp{deleted} appears in the mode line when the current message is | |
321 deleted. In fact, deleting or undeleting a message is nothing more than | |
322 adding or removing this attribute. @xref{Rmail Attributes}. | |
323 | |
324 @node Rmail Inbox | |
325 @section Rmail Files and Inboxes | |
326 @cindex inbox file | |
327 | |
328 When you receive mail locally, the operating system places incoming | |
329 mail for you in a file that we call your @dfn{inbox}. When you start | |
330 up Rmail, it runs a C program called @code{movemail} to copy the new | |
331 messages from your local inbox into your primary Rmail file, which | |
332 also contains other messages saved from previous Rmail sessions. It | |
333 is in this file that you actually read the mail with Rmail. This | |
334 operation is called @dfn{getting new mail}. You can get new mail at | |
335 any time in Rmail by typing @kbd{g}. | |
336 | |
337 @vindex rmail-primary-inbox-list | |
338 @cindex @env{MAIL} environment variable | |
339 The variable @code{rmail-primary-inbox-list} contains a list of the | |
340 files which are inboxes for your primary Rmail file. If you don't set | |
102341 | 341 this variable explicitly, Rmail uses the @env{MAIL} environment |
342 variable, or, as a last resort, a default inbox based on | |
343 @code{rmail-spool-directory}. The default inbox file depends on your | |
344 operating system; often it is @file{/var/mail/@var{username}}, | |
345 @file{/var/spool/mail/@var{username}}, or | |
346 @file{/usr/spool/mail/@var{username}}. | |
84264 | 347 |
102341 | 348 You can specify the inbox file(s) for any Rmail file for the current |
349 session with the command @code{set-rmail-inbox-list}; see @ref{Rmail | |
350 Files}. | |
84264 | 351 |
352 There are two reasons for having separate Rmail files and inboxes. | |
353 | |
354 @enumerate | |
355 @item | |
356 The inbox file format varies between operating systems and according to | |
357 the other mail software in use. Only one part of Rmail needs to know | |
358 about the alternatives, and it need only understand how to convert all | |
359 of them to Rmail's own format. | |
360 | |
361 @item | |
362 It is very cumbersome to access an inbox file without danger of losing | |
363 mail, because it is necessary to interlock with mail delivery. | |
364 Moreover, different operating systems use different interlocking | |
365 techniques. The strategy of moving mail out of the inbox once and for | |
366 all into a separate Rmail file avoids the need for interlocking in all | |
367 the rest of Rmail, since only Rmail operates on the Rmail file. | |
368 @end enumerate | |
369 | |
102341 | 370 Rmail was originally written to use the Babyl format as its internal |
371 format. Since then, we have recognized that the usual inbox format | |
372 (@samp{mbox}) on Unix and GNU systems is adequate for the job, and so | |
373 since Emacs 23 Rmail uses that as its internal format. The Rmail file | |
374 is still separate from the inbox file, even though their format is the | |
375 same. | |
84264 | 376 |
377 @vindex rmail-preserve-inbox | |
378 When getting new mail, Rmail first copies the new mail from the | |
379 inbox file to the Rmail file; then it saves the Rmail file; then it | |
380 clears out the inbox file. This way, a system crash may cause | |
381 duplication of mail between the inbox and the Rmail file, but cannot | |
382 lose mail. If @code{rmail-preserve-inbox} is non-@code{nil}, then | |
383 Rmail does not clear out the inbox file when it gets new mail. You | |
384 may wish to set this, for example, on a portable computer you use to | |
385 check your mail via POP while traveling, so that your mail will remain | |
386 on the server and you can save it later on your workstation. | |
387 | |
388 In some cases, Rmail copies the new mail from the inbox file | |
389 indirectly. First it runs the @code{movemail} program to move the mail | |
390 from the inbox to an intermediate file called | |
102341 | 391 @file{.newmail-@var{inboxname}}, in the same directory as the Rmail |
392 file. Then Rmail merges the new mail from that file, saves the Rmail | |
393 file, and only then deletes the intermediate file. If there is a crash | |
394 at the wrong time, this file continues to exist, and Rmail will use it | |
395 again the next time it gets new mail from that inbox. | |
84264 | 396 |
397 If Rmail is unable to convert the data in | |
102341 | 398 @file{.newmail-@var{inboxname}} into mbox format, it renames the file to |
399 @file{RMAILOSE.@var{n}} (@var{n} is an integer chosen to make the name | |
400 unique) so that Rmail will not have trouble with the data again. You | |
401 should look at the file, find whatever message confuses Rmail (probably | |
402 one that includes the control-underscore character, octal code 037), and | |
403 delete it. Then you can use @kbd{1 g} to get new mail from the | |
404 corrected file. | |
84264 | 405 |
406 @node Rmail Files | |
407 @section Multiple Rmail Files | |
408 | |
409 Rmail operates by default on your @dfn{primary Rmail file}, which is named | |
410 @file{~/RMAIL} and receives your incoming mail from your system inbox file. | |
411 But you can also have other Rmail files and edit them with Rmail. These | |
412 files can receive mail through their own inboxes, or you can move messages | |
413 into them with explicit Rmail commands (@pxref{Rmail Output}). | |
414 | |
415 @table @kbd | |
416 @item i @var{file} @key{RET} | |
417 Read @var{file} into Emacs and run Rmail on it (@code{rmail-input}). | |
418 | |
419 @item M-x set-rmail-inbox-list @key{RET} @var{files} @key{RET} | |
420 Specify inbox file names for current Rmail file to get mail from. | |
421 | |
422 @item g | |
423 Merge new mail from current Rmail file's inboxes | |
424 (@code{rmail-get-new-mail}). | |
425 | |
426 @item C-u g @var{file} @key{RET} | |
427 Merge new mail from inbox file @var{file}. | |
428 @end table | |
429 | |
430 @kindex i @r{(Rmail)} | |
431 @findex rmail-input | |
432 To run Rmail on a file other than your primary Rmail file, you can use | |
433 the @kbd{i} (@code{rmail-input}) command in Rmail. This visits the file | |
434 in Rmail mode. You can use @kbd{M-x rmail-input} even when not in | |
435 Rmail, but it is easier to type @kbd{C-u M-x rmail}, which does the | |
436 same thing. | |
437 | |
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438 The file you read with @kbd{i} should normally be a valid mbox file. |
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439 If it is not, Rmail tries to convert its text to mbox format, and |
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440 visits the converted text in the buffer. If you save the buffer, that |
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441 converts the file. |
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442 |
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443 If you specify a file name that doesn't exist, @kbd{i} initializes a |
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444 new buffer for creating a new Rmail file. |
84264 | 445 |
446 @vindex rmail-secondary-file-directory | |
447 @vindex rmail-secondary-file-regexp | |
448 You can also select an Rmail file from a menu. In the Classify menu, | |
449 choose the Input Rmail File item; then choose the Rmail file you want. | |
450 The variables @code{rmail-secondary-file-directory} and | |
451 @code{rmail-secondary-file-regexp} specify which files to offer in the | |
452 menu: the first variable says which directory to find them in; the | |
102341 | 453 second says which files in that directory to offer (all those that match |
454 the regular expression). If no files match, you cannot select this menu | |
455 item. These variables also apply to choosing a file for output | |
456 (@pxref{Rmail Output}). | |
84264 | 457 |
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458 @ignore |
84264 | 459 @findex set-rmail-inbox-list |
460 Each Rmail file can contain a list of inbox file names; you can specify | |
461 this list with @kbd{M-x set-rmail-inbox-list @key{RET} @var{files} | |
462 @key{RET}}. The argument can contain any number of file names, separated | |
463 by commas. It can also be empty, which specifies that this file should | |
464 have no inboxes. Once you specify a list of inboxes in an Rmail file, | |
465 the Rmail file remembers it permanently until you specify a different list. | |
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466 @end ignore |
84264 | 467 |
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468 @vindex rmail-inbox-list |
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469 The inbox files to use are specified by the variable |
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470 @code{rmail-inbox-list}, which is buffer-local in Rmail mode. As a |
102341 | 471 special exception, if you have specified no inbox files for your primary |
472 Rmail file, it uses the @env{MAIL} environment variable, or your | |
473 standard system inbox. | |
84264 | 474 |
475 @kindex g @r{(Rmail)} | |
476 @findex rmail-get-new-mail | |
477 The @kbd{g} command (@code{rmail-get-new-mail}) merges mail into the | |
478 current Rmail file from its inboxes. If the Rmail file has no | |
479 inboxes, @kbd{g} does nothing. The command @kbd{M-x rmail} also | |
480 merges new mail into your primary Rmail file. | |
481 | |
482 To merge mail from a file that is not the usual inbox, give the | |
483 @kbd{g} key a numeric argument, as in @kbd{C-u g}. Then it reads a file | |
484 name and merges mail from that file. The inbox file is not deleted or | |
485 changed in any way when @kbd{g} with an argument is used. This is, | |
486 therefore, a general way of merging one file of messages into another. | |
487 | |
488 @node Rmail Output | |
489 @section Copying Messages Out to Files | |
490 | |
491 These commands copy messages from an Rmail file into another file. | |
492 | |
493 @table @kbd | |
494 @item o @var{file} @key{RET} | |
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495 Append a full copy of the current message to the file @var{file} |
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496 (@code{rmail-output}). |
84264 | 497 |
498 @item C-o @var{file} @key{RET} | |
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499 Append a copy of the current message, as displayed, to the file |
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500 @var{file} (@code{rmail-output-as-seen}). |
84264 | 501 |
502 @item w @var{file} @key{RET} | |
503 Output just the message body to the file @var{file}, taking the default | |
504 file name from the message @samp{Subject} header. | |
505 @end table | |
506 | |
507 @kindex o @r{(Rmail)} | |
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508 @findex rmail-output-as-seen |
84264 | 509 @kindex C-o @r{(Rmail)} |
510 @findex rmail-output | |
511 The commands @kbd{o} and @kbd{C-o} copy the current message into a | |
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512 specified file, adding it at the end. The two commands differ mainly |
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513 in how much to copy: @kbd{o} copies the full message headers, even if |
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514 they are not all visible, while @kbd{C-o} copies exactly the headers |
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515 currently displayed and no more. @xref{Rmail Display}. In addition, |
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516 @kbd{o} converts the message to Babyl format (used by Rmail in Emacs |
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517 version 22 and before) if the file is in Babyl format; @kbd{C-o} |
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518 cannot output to Babyl files at all. |
84264 | 519 |
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520 If the output file is currently visited in an Emacs buffer, the |
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521 output commands append the message to that buffer. It is up to you to |
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522 save the buffer eventually in its file. |
84264 | 523 |
524 @kindex w @r{(Rmail)} | |
525 @findex rmail-output-body-to-file | |
526 Sometimes you may receive a message whose body holds the contents of a | |
527 file. You can save the body to a file (excluding the message header) | |
528 with the @kbd{w} command (@code{rmail-output-body-to-file}). Often | |
529 these messages contain the intended file name in the @samp{Subject} | |
530 field, so the @kbd{w} command uses the @samp{Subject} field as the | |
531 default for the output file name. However, the file name is read using | |
532 the minibuffer, so you can specify a different name if you wish. | |
533 | |
534 You can also output a message to an Rmail file chosen with a menu. | |
535 In the Classify menu, choose the Output Rmail File menu item; then | |
536 choose the Rmail file you want. This outputs the current message to | |
537 that file, like the @kbd{o} command. The variables | |
538 @code{rmail-secondary-file-directory} and | |
539 @code{rmail-secondary-file-regexp} specify which files to offer in the | |
540 menu: the first variable says which directory to find them in; the | |
541 second says which files in that directory to offer (all those that | |
102341 | 542 match the regular expression). If no files match, you cannot select |
543 this menu item. | |
84264 | 544 |
545 @vindex rmail-delete-after-output | |
546 Copying a message with @kbd{o} or @kbd{C-o} gives the original copy | |
547 of the message the @samp{filed} attribute, so that @samp{filed} | |
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548 appears in the mode line when such a message is current. |
84264 | 549 |
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550 If you like to keep just a single copy of every mail message, set |
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551 the variable @code{rmail-delete-after-output} to @code{t}; then the |
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552 @kbd{o}, @kbd{C-o} and @kbd{w} commands delete the original message |
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553 after copying it. (You can undelete it afterward if you wish.) |
84264 | 554 |
555 @vindex rmail-output-file-alist | |
556 The variable @code{rmail-output-file-alist} lets you specify | |
557 intelligent defaults for the output file, based on the contents of the | |
558 current message. The value should be a list whose elements have this | |
559 form: | |
560 | |
561 @example | |
562 (@var{regexp} . @var{name-exp}) | |
563 @end example | |
564 | |
565 @noindent | |
566 If there's a match for @var{regexp} in the current message, then the | |
567 default file name for output is @var{name-exp}. If multiple elements | |
568 match the message, the first matching element decides the default file | |
569 name. The subexpression @var{name-exp} may be a string constant giving | |
570 the file name to use, or more generally it may be any Lisp expression | |
571 that returns a file name as a string. @code{rmail-output-file-alist} | |
572 applies to both @kbd{o} and @kbd{C-o}. | |
573 | |
574 @node Rmail Labels | |
575 @section Labels | |
576 @cindex label (Rmail) | |
577 @cindex attribute (Rmail) | |
578 | |
579 Each message can have various @dfn{labels} assigned to it as a means | |
580 of classification. Each label has a name; different names are different | |
581 labels. Any given label is either present or absent on a particular | |
582 message. A few label names have standard meanings and are given to | |
583 messages automatically by Rmail when appropriate; these special labels | |
584 are called @dfn{attributes}. | |
585 @ifnottex | |
586 (@xref{Rmail Attributes}.) | |
587 @end ifnottex | |
588 All other labels are assigned only by users. | |
589 | |
590 @table @kbd | |
591 @item a @var{label} @key{RET} | |
592 Assign the label @var{label} to the current message (@code{rmail-add-label}). | |
593 @item k @var{label} @key{RET} | |
594 Remove the label @var{label} from the current message (@code{rmail-kill-label}). | |
595 @item C-M-n @var{labels} @key{RET} | |
596 Move to the next message that has one of the labels @var{labels} | |
597 (@code{rmail-next-labeled-message}). | |
598 @item C-M-p @var{labels} @key{RET} | |
599 Move to the previous message that has one of the labels @var{labels} | |
600 (@code{rmail-previous-labeled-message}). | |
601 @item l @var{labels} @key{RET} | |
602 @itemx C-M-l @var{labels} @key{RET} | |
603 Make a summary of all messages containing any of the labels @var{labels} | |
604 (@code{rmail-summary-by-labels}). | |
605 @end table | |
606 | |
607 @kindex a @r{(Rmail)} | |
608 @kindex k @r{(Rmail)} | |
609 @findex rmail-add-label | |
610 @findex rmail-kill-label | |
611 The @kbd{a} (@code{rmail-add-label}) and @kbd{k} | |
612 (@code{rmail-kill-label}) commands allow you to assign or remove any | |
613 label on the current message. If the @var{label} argument is empty, it | |
614 means to assign or remove the same label most recently assigned or | |
615 removed. | |
616 | |
617 Once you have given messages labels to classify them as you wish, there | |
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618 are three ways to use the labels: in moving, in summaries, and in sorting. |
84264 | 619 |
620 @kindex C-M-n @r{(Rmail)} | |
621 @kindex C-M-p @r{(Rmail)} | |
622 @findex rmail-next-labeled-message | |
623 @findex rmail-previous-labeled-message | |
624 The command @kbd{C-M-n @var{labels} @key{RET}} | |
625 (@code{rmail-next-labeled-message}) moves to the next message that has | |
626 one of the labels @var{labels}. The argument @var{labels} specifies one | |
627 or more label names, separated by commas. @kbd{C-M-p} | |
628 (@code{rmail-previous-labeled-message}) is similar, but moves backwards | |
629 to previous messages. A numeric argument to either command serves as a | |
630 repeat count. | |
631 | |
632 The command @kbd{C-M-l @var{labels} @key{RET}} | |
633 (@code{rmail-summary-by-labels}) displays a summary containing only the | |
634 messages that have at least one of a specified set of labels. The | |
635 argument @var{labels} is one or more label names, separated by commas. | |
636 @xref{Rmail Summary}, for information on summaries. | |
637 | |
638 If the @var{labels} argument to @kbd{C-M-n}, @kbd{C-M-p} or | |
639 @kbd{C-M-l} is empty, it means to use the last set of labels specified | |
640 for any of these commands. | |
641 | |
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642 @xref{Rmail Sorting}, for information on sorting messages with labels. |
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643 |
84264 | 644 @node Rmail Attributes |
645 @section Rmail Attributes | |
646 | |
647 Some labels such as @samp{deleted} and @samp{filed} have built-in | |
648 meanings, and Rmail assigns them to messages automatically at | |
649 appropriate times; these labels are called @dfn{attributes}. Here is | |
650 a list of Rmail attributes: | |
651 | |
652 @table @samp | |
653 @item unseen | |
654 Means the message has never been current. Assigned to messages when | |
655 they come from an inbox file, and removed when a message is made | |
656 current. When you start Rmail, it initially shows the first message | |
657 that has this attribute. | |
658 @item deleted | |
659 Means the message is deleted. Assigned by deletion commands and | |
660 removed by undeletion commands (@pxref{Rmail Deletion}). | |
661 @item filed | |
662 Means the message has been copied to some other file. Assigned by the | |
663 @kbd{o} and @kbd{C-o} file output commands (@pxref{Rmail Output}). | |
664 @item answered | |
665 Means you have mailed an answer to the message. Assigned by the @kbd{r} | |
666 command (@code{rmail-reply}). @xref{Rmail Reply}. | |
667 @item forwarded | |
668 Means you have forwarded the message. Assigned by the @kbd{f} command | |
669 (@code{rmail-forward}). @xref{Rmail Reply}. | |
670 @item edited | |
671 Means you have edited the text of the message within Rmail. | |
672 @xref{Rmail Editing}. | |
673 @item resent | |
674 Means you have resent the message. Assigned by the command @kbd{M-x | |
675 rmail-resend}. @xref{Rmail Reply}. | |
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676 @item retried |
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677 Means you have retried a failed outgoing message. Assigned by the |
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678 command @kbd{M-x rmail-retry-failure}. @xref{Rmail Reply}. |
84264 | 679 @end table |
680 | |
681 All other labels are assigned or removed only by users, and have no | |
682 standard meaning. | |
683 | |
684 @node Rmail Reply | |
685 @section Sending Replies | |
686 | |
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687 Rmail has several commands to send outgoing mail. @xref{Sending |
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688 Mail}, for information on using Message mode, including certain |
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689 features meant to work with Rmail. What this section documents are |
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690 the special commands of Rmail for entering the mail buffer. Note that |
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691 the usual keys for sending mail---@kbd{C-x m}, @kbd{C-x 4 m}, and |
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692 @kbd{C-x 5 m}---also work normally in Rmail mode. |
84264 | 693 |
694 @table @kbd | |
695 @item m | |
696 Send a message (@code{rmail-mail}). | |
697 @item c | |
698 Continue editing the already started outgoing message (@code{rmail-continue}). | |
699 @item r | |
700 Send a reply to the current Rmail message (@code{rmail-reply}). | |
701 @item f | |
702 Forward the current message to other users (@code{rmail-forward}). | |
703 @item C-u f | |
704 Resend the current message to other users (@code{rmail-resend}). | |
705 @item M-m | |
706 Try sending a bounced message a second time (@code{rmail-retry-failure}). | |
707 @end table | |
708 | |
709 @kindex r @r{(Rmail)} | |
710 @findex rmail-reply | |
711 @cindex reply to a message | |
712 The most common reason to send a message while in Rmail is to reply | |
713 to the message you are reading. To do this, type @kbd{r} | |
714 (@code{rmail-reply}). This displays the @samp{*mail*} buffer in | |
715 another window, much like @kbd{C-x 4 m}, but preinitializes the | |
716 @samp{Subject}, @samp{To}, @samp{CC}, @samp{In-reply-to} and | |
717 @samp{References} header fields based on the message you are replying | |
718 to. The @samp{To} field starts out as the address of the person who | |
719 sent the message you received, and the @samp{CC} field starts out with | |
720 all the other recipients of that message. | |
721 | |
722 @vindex rmail-dont-reply-to-names | |
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723 You can exclude certain recipients from being included automatically |
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724 in replies, using the variable @code{rmail-dont-reply-to-names}. Its |
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725 value should be a regular expression; any recipients that match are |
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726 excluded from the @samp{CC} field. They are also excluded from the |
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727 @samp{To} field, unless this would leave the field empty. If this |
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728 variable is nil, then the first time you compose a reply it is |
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729 initialized to a default value that matches your own address, and any |
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730 name starting with @samp{info-}. (Those names are excluded because |
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731 there is a convention of using them for large mailing lists to broadcast |
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732 announcements.) |
84264 | 733 |
734 To omit the @samp{CC} field completely for a particular reply, enter | |
735 the reply command with a numeric argument: @kbd{C-u r} or @kbd{1 r}. | |
736 This means to reply only to the sender of the original message. | |
737 | |
738 Once the @samp{*mail*} buffer has been initialized, editing and | |
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739 sending the mail goes as usual (@pxref{Sending Mail}). You can edit |
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740 the presupplied header fields if they are not what you want. You can |
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741 also use commands such as @kbd{C-c C-y}, which yanks in the message |
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742 that you are replying to (@pxref{Mail Commands}). You can also switch |
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743 to the Rmail buffer, select a different message there, switch back, |
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744 and yank the new current message. |
84264 | 745 |
746 @kindex M-m @r{(Rmail)} | |
747 @findex rmail-retry-failure | |
748 @cindex retrying a failed message | |
749 @vindex rmail-retry-ignored-headers | |
750 Sometimes a message does not reach its destination. Mailers usually | |
751 send the failed message back to you, enclosed in a @dfn{failure | |
752 message}. The Rmail command @kbd{M-m} (@code{rmail-retry-failure}) | |
753 prepares to send the same message a second time: it sets up a | |
754 @samp{*mail*} buffer with the same text and header fields as before. If | |
755 you type @kbd{C-c C-c} right away, you send the message again exactly | |
756 the same as the first time. Alternatively, you can edit the text or | |
757 headers and then send it. The variable | |
758 @code{rmail-retry-ignored-headers}, in the same format as | |
759 @code{rmail-ignored-headers} (@pxref{Rmail Display}), controls which | |
760 headers are stripped from the failed message when retrying it. | |
761 | |
762 @kindex f @r{(Rmail)} | |
763 @findex rmail-forward | |
764 @cindex forwarding a message | |
765 Another frequent reason to send mail in Rmail is to @dfn{forward} the | |
766 current message to other users. @kbd{f} (@code{rmail-forward}) makes | |
767 this easy by preinitializing the @samp{*mail*} buffer with the current | |
768 message as the text, and a subject designating a forwarded message. All | |
769 you have to do is fill in the recipients and send. When you forward a | |
770 message, recipients get a message which is ``from'' you, and which has | |
771 the original message in its contents. | |
772 | |
773 @findex unforward-rmail-message | |
774 Forwarding a message encloses it between two delimiter lines. It also | |
775 modifies every line that starts with a dash, by inserting @w{@samp{- }} | |
776 at the start of the line. When you receive a forwarded message, if it | |
777 contains something besides ordinary text---for example, program source | |
778 code---you might find it useful to undo that transformation. You can do | |
779 this by selecting the forwarded message and typing @kbd{M-x | |
780 unforward-rmail-message}. This command extracts the original forwarded | |
781 message, deleting the inserted @w{@samp{- }} strings, and inserts it | |
782 into the Rmail file as a separate message immediately following the | |
783 current one. | |
784 | |
785 @findex rmail-resend | |
786 @dfn{Resending} is an alternative similar to forwarding; the | |
787 difference is that resending sends a message that is ``from'' the | |
788 original sender, just as it reached you---with a few added header fields | |
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789 (@samp{Resent-From} and @samp{Resent-To}) to indicate that it came via |
84264 | 790 you. To resend a message in Rmail, use @kbd{C-u f}. (@kbd{f} runs |
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791 @code{rmail-forward}, which invokes @code{rmail-resend} if you provide a |
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792 numeric argument.) |
84264 | 793 |
794 @kindex m @r{(Rmail)} | |
795 @findex rmail-mail | |
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796 Use the @kbd{m} (@code{rmail-mail}) command to start editing an |
84264 | 797 outgoing message that is not a reply. It leaves the header fields empty. |
798 Its only difference from @kbd{C-x 4 m} is that it makes the Rmail buffer | |
799 accessible for @kbd{C-c C-y}, just as @kbd{r} does. Thus, @kbd{m} can be | |
800 used to reply to or forward a message; it can do anything @kbd{r} or @kbd{f} | |
801 can do. | |
802 | |
803 @kindex c @r{(Rmail)} | |
804 @findex rmail-continue | |
805 The @kbd{c} (@code{rmail-continue}) command resumes editing the | |
806 @samp{*mail*} buffer, to finish editing an outgoing message you were | |
807 already composing, or to alter a message you have sent. | |
808 | |
809 @vindex rmail-mail-new-frame | |
810 If you set the variable @code{rmail-mail-new-frame} to a | |
811 non-@code{nil} value, then all the Rmail commands to start sending a | |
812 message create a new frame to edit it in. This frame is deleted when | |
813 you send the message, or when you use the @samp{Cancel} item in the | |
814 @samp{Mail} menu. | |
815 | |
816 All the Rmail commands to send a message use the mail-composition | |
817 method that you have chosen (@pxref{Mail Methods}). | |
818 | |
819 @node Rmail Summary | |
820 @section Summaries | |
821 @cindex summary (Rmail) | |
822 | |
823 A @dfn{summary} is a buffer containing one line per message to give | |
824 you an overview of the mail in an Rmail file. Each line shows the | |
825 message number and date, the sender, the line count, the labels, and | |
826 the subject. Moving point in the summary buffer selects messages as | |
827 you move to their summary lines. Almost all Rmail commands are valid | |
828 in the summary buffer also; when used there, they apply to the message | |
829 described by the current line of the summary. | |
830 | |
831 A summary buffer applies to a single Rmail file only; if you are | |
832 editing multiple Rmail files, each one can have its own summary buffer. | |
833 The summary buffer name is made by appending @samp{-summary} to the | |
834 Rmail buffer's name. Normally only one summary buffer is displayed at a | |
835 time. | |
836 | |
837 @menu | |
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838 * Rmail Make Summary:: Making various sorts of summaries. |
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839 * Rmail Summary Edit:: Manipulating messages from the summary. |
84264 | 840 @end menu |
841 | |
842 @node Rmail Make Summary | |
843 @subsection Making Summaries | |
844 | |
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845 Here are the commands to create a summary for the current Rmail |
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846 buffer. Once the Rmail buffer has a summary, changes in the Rmail |
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847 buffer (such as deleting or expunging messages, and getting new mail) |
84264 | 848 automatically update the summary. |
849 | |
850 @table @kbd | |
851 @item h | |
852 @itemx C-M-h | |
853 Summarize all messages (@code{rmail-summary}). | |
854 @item l @var{labels} @key{RET} | |
855 @itemx C-M-l @var{labels} @key{RET} | |
856 Summarize messages that have one or more of the specified labels | |
857 (@code{rmail-summary-by-labels}). | |
858 @item C-M-r @var{rcpts} @key{RET} | |
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859 Summarize messages that match the specified recipients |
84264 | 860 (@code{rmail-summary-by-recipients}). |
861 @item C-M-t @var{topic} @key{RET} | |
862 Summarize messages that have a match for the specified regexp | |
863 @var{topic} in their subjects (@code{rmail-summary-by-topic}). | |
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864 @item C-M-s @var{regexp} @key{RET} |
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865 Summarize messages whose headers match the specified regular expression |
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866 @var{regexp} (@code{rmail-summary-by-regexp}). |
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867 @item C-M-f @var{senders} @key{RET} |
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868 Summarize messages that match the specified senders. |
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869 (@code{rmail-summary-by-senders}). |
84264 | 870 @end table |
871 | |
872 @kindex h @r{(Rmail)} | |
873 @findex rmail-summary | |
874 The @kbd{h} or @kbd{C-M-h} (@code{rmail-summary}) command fills the summary buffer | |
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875 for the current Rmail buffer with a summary of all the messages in the buffer. |
84264 | 876 It then displays and selects the summary buffer in another window. |
877 | |
878 @kindex l @r{(Rmail)} | |
879 @kindex C-M-l @r{(Rmail)} | |
880 @findex rmail-summary-by-labels | |
881 @kbd{C-M-l @var{labels} @key{RET}} (@code{rmail-summary-by-labels}) makes | |
882 a partial summary mentioning only the messages that have one or more of the | |
883 labels @var{labels}. @var{labels} should contain label names separated by | |
884 commas. | |
885 | |
886 @kindex C-M-r @r{(Rmail)} | |
887 @findex rmail-summary-by-recipients | |
888 @kbd{C-M-r @var{rcpts} @key{RET}} (@code{rmail-summary-by-recipients}) | |
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889 makes a partial summary mentioning only the messages that have one or |
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890 more recipients matching the regular expression @var{rcpts}. You can |
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891 use commas to separate multiple regular expressions. These are matched |
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892 against the @samp{To}, @samp{From}, and @samp{CC} headers (with a prefix |
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893 argument, this header is not included). |
84264 | 894 |
895 @kindex C-M-t @r{(Rmail)} | |
896 @findex rmail-summary-by-topic | |
897 @kbd{C-M-t @var{topic} @key{RET}} (@code{rmail-summary-by-topic}) | |
898 makes a partial summary mentioning only the messages whose subjects have | |
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899 a match for the regular expression @var{topic}. You can use commas to |
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900 separate multiple regular expressions. With a prefix argument, the |
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901 match is against the whole message, not just the subject. |
84264 | 902 |
903 @kindex C-M-s @r{(Rmail)} | |
904 @findex rmail-summary-by-regexp | |
905 @kbd{C-M-s @var{regexp} @key{RET}} (@code{rmail-summary-by-regexp}) | |
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906 makes a partial summary that mentions only the messages whose headers |
84264 | 907 (including the date and the subject lines) match the regular |
908 expression @var{regexp}. | |
909 | |
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910 @kindex C-M-f @r{(Rmail)} |
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911 @findex rmail-summary-by-senders |
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912 @kbd{C-M-f @var{senders} @key{RET}} (@code{rmail-summary-by-senders}) |
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913 makes a partial summary that mentions only the messages whose @samp{From} |
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914 fields match the regular expression @var{senders}. You can use commas to |
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915 separate multiple regular expressions. |
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916 |
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917 Note that there is only one summary buffer for any Rmail buffer; |
84264 | 918 making any kind of summary discards any previous summary. |
919 | |
920 @vindex rmail-summary-window-size | |
921 @vindex rmail-summary-line-count-flag | |
922 The variable @code{rmail-summary-window-size} says how many lines to | |
923 use for the summary window. The variable | |
924 @code{rmail-summary-line-count-flag} controls whether the summary line | |
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925 for a message should include the line count of the message. Setting |
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926 this option to nil might speed up the generation of summaries. |
84264 | 927 |
928 @node Rmail Summary Edit | |
929 @subsection Editing in Summaries | |
930 | |
931 You can use the Rmail summary buffer to do almost anything you can do | |
932 in the Rmail buffer itself. In fact, once you have a summary buffer, | |
933 there's no need to switch back to the Rmail buffer. | |
934 | |
935 You can select and display various messages in the Rmail buffer, from | |
936 the summary buffer, just by moving point in the summary buffer to | |
937 different lines. It doesn't matter what Emacs command you use to move | |
938 point; whichever line point is on at the end of the command, that | |
939 message is selected in the Rmail buffer. | |
940 | |
941 Almost all Rmail commands work in the summary buffer as well as in the | |
942 Rmail buffer. Thus, @kbd{d} in the summary buffer deletes the current | |
943 message, @kbd{u} undeletes, and @kbd{x} expunges. (However, in the | |
944 summary buffer, a numeric argument to @kbd{d}, @kbd{C-d} and @kbd{u} | |
945 serves as a repeat count. A negative argument reverses the meaning of | |
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946 @kbd{d} and @kbd{C-d}. Also, if there are no more undeleted messages in |
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947 the relevant direction, the delete commands go to the first or last |
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948 message, rather than staying on the current message.) @kbd{o} and |
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949 @kbd{C-o} output the current message to a FILE; @kbd{r} starts a reply |
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950 to it; etc. You can scroll the current message while remaining in the |
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951 summary buffer using @key{SPC} and @key{DEL}. |
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952 @c rmail-summary-scroll-between-messages not mentioned. |
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953 |
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954 @findex rmail-summary-undelete-many |
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955 @kbd{M-u} (@code{rmail-summary-undelete-many}) undeletes all deleted |
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956 messages in the summary. A prefix argument means to undelete that many |
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957 of the previous deleted messages. |
84264 | 958 |
959 The Rmail commands to move between messages also work in the summary | |
960 buffer, but with a twist: they move through the set of messages included | |
961 in the summary. They also ensure the Rmail buffer appears on the screen | |
962 (unlike cursor motion commands, which update the contents of the Rmail | |
963 buffer but don't display it in a window unless it already appears). | |
964 Here is a list of these commands: | |
965 | |
966 @table @kbd | |
967 @item n | |
968 Move to next line, skipping lines saying `deleted', and select its | |
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969 message (@code{rmail-summary-next-msg}). |
84264 | 970 @item p |
971 Move to previous line, skipping lines saying `deleted', and select | |
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972 its message (@code{rmail-summary-previous-msg}). |
84264 | 973 @item M-n |
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974 Move to next line and select its message (@code{rmail-summary-next-all}). |
84264 | 975 @item M-p |
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976 Move to previous line and select its message |
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977 (@code{rmail-summary-previous-all}). |
84264 | 978 @item > |
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979 Move to the last line, and select its message |
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980 (@code{rmail-summary-last-message}). |
84264 | 981 @item < |
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982 Move to the first line, and select its message |
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983 (@code{rmail-summary-first-message}). |
84264 | 984 @item j |
985 @itemx @key{RET} | |
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986 Select the message on the current line (ensuring that the Rmail buffer |
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987 appears on the screen; @code{rmail-summary-goto-msg}). With argument |
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988 @var{n}, select message number @var{n} and move to its line in the |
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989 summary buffer; this signals an error if the message is not listed in |
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990 the summary buffer. |
84264 | 991 @item M-s @var{pattern} @key{RET} |
992 Search through messages for @var{pattern} starting with the current | |
993 message; select the message found, and move point in the summary buffer | |
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994 to that message's line (@code{rmail-summary-search}). A prefix argument |
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995 acts as a repeat count; a negative argument means search backward |
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996 (equivalent to @code{rmail-summary-search-backward}.) |
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997 @item C-M-n @var{labels} @key{RET} |
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998 Move to the next message with at least one of the specified labels |
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999 (@code{rmail-summary-next-labeled-message}). @var{labels} is a |
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1000 comma-separated list of labels. A prefix argument acts as a repeat |
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1001 count. |
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1002 @item C-M-p @var{labels} @key{RET} |
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1003 Move to the previous message with at least one of the specified labels |
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1004 (@code{rmail-summary-previous-labeled-message}). |
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1005 @item C-c C-n @key{RET} |
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1006 Move to the next message with the same subject as the current message |
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1007 (@code{rmail-summary-next-same-subject}). A prefix argument acts as a |
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1008 repeat count. |
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1009 @item C-c C-p @key{RET} |
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1010 Move to the previous message with the same subject as the current message |
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1011 (@code{rmail-summary-previous-same-subject}). |
84264 | 1012 @end table |
1013 | |
1014 @vindex rmail-redisplay-summary | |
1015 Deletion, undeletion, and getting new mail, and even selection of a | |
1016 different message all update the summary buffer when you do them in the | |
1017 Rmail buffer. If the variable @code{rmail-redisplay-summary} is | |
1018 non-@code{nil}, these actions also bring the summary buffer back onto | |
1019 the screen. | |
1020 | |
1021 @kindex Q @r{(Rmail summary)} | |
1022 @findex rmail-summary-wipe | |
1023 @kindex q @r{(Rmail summary)} | |
1024 @findex rmail-summary-quit | |
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1025 @kindex b @r{(Rmail summary)} |
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1026 @findex rmail-summary-bury |
84264 | 1027 When you are finished using the summary, type @kbd{Q} |
1028 (@code{rmail-summary-wipe}) to delete the summary buffer's window. You | |
1029 can also exit Rmail while in the summary: @kbd{q} | |
1030 (@code{rmail-summary-quit}) deletes the summary window, then exits from | |
1031 Rmail by saving the Rmail file and switching to another buffer. | |
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1032 Alternatively, @kbd{b} (@code{rmail-summary-bury}) simply buries the |
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1033 Rmail summary and buffer. |
84264 | 1034 |
1035 @node Rmail Sorting | |
1036 @section Sorting the Rmail File | |
85114 | 1037 @cindex sorting Rmail file |
1038 @cindex Rmail file sorting | |
84264 | 1039 |
1040 @table @kbd | |
85114 | 1041 @findex rmail-sort-by-date |
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1042 @item C-c C-s C-d |
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1043 @itemx M-x rmail-sort-by-date |
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1044 Sort messages of current Rmail buffer by date. |
84264 | 1045 |
85114 | 1046 @findex rmail-sort-by-subject |
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1047 @item C-c C-s C-s |
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1048 @itemx M-x rmail-sort-by-subject |
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1049 Sort messages of current Rmail buffer by subject. |
84264 | 1050 |
85114 | 1051 @findex rmail-sort-by-author |
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1052 @item C-c C-s C-a |
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1053 @itemx M-x rmail-sort-by-author |
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1054 Sort messages of current Rmail buffer by author's name. |
84264 | 1055 |
85114 | 1056 @findex rmail-sort-by-recipient |
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1057 @item C-c C-s C-r |
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1058 @itemx M-x rmail-sort-by-recipient |
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1059 Sort messages of current Rmail buffer by recipient's names. |
84264 | 1060 |
85114 | 1061 @findex rmail-sort-by-correspondent |
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1062 @item C-c C-s C-c |
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1063 @itemx M-x rmail-sort-by-correspondent |
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1064 Sort messages of current Rmail buffer by the name of the other |
84264 | 1065 correspondent. |
1066 | |
85114 | 1067 @findex rmail-sort-by-lines |
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1068 @item C-c C-s C-l |
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1069 @itemx M-x rmail-sort-by-lines |
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1070 Sort messages of current Rmail buffer by number of lines. |
84264 | 1071 |
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1072 @findex rmail-sort-by-labels |
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1073 @item C-c C-s C-k @key{RET} @var{labels} @key{RET} |
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1074 @itemx M-x rmail-sort-by-labels @key{RET} @var{labels} @key{RET} |
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1075 Sort messages of current Rmail buffer by labels. The argument |
84264 | 1076 @var{labels} should be a comma-separated list of labels. The order of |
1077 these labels specifies the order of messages; messages with the first | |
1078 label come first, messages with the second label come second, and so on. | |
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1079 Messages that have none of these labels come last. |
84264 | 1080 @end table |
1081 | |
1082 The Rmail sort commands perform a @emph{stable sort}: if there is no | |
1083 reason to prefer either one of two messages, their order remains | |
1084 unchanged. You can use this to sort by more than one criterion. For | |
1085 example, if you use @code{rmail-sort-by-date} and then | |
1086 @code{rmail-sort-by-author}, messages from the same author appear in | |
1087 order by date. | |
1088 | |
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1089 With a prefix argument, all these commands reverse the order of |
84264 | 1090 comparison. This means they sort messages from newest to oldest, from |
1091 biggest to smallest, or in reverse alphabetical order. | |
1092 | |
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1093 The same keys in the summary buffer run similar functions; for |
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1094 example, @kbd{C-c C-s C-l} runs @code{rmail-summary-sort-by-lines}. |
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1095 Note that these commands always sort the whole Rmail buffer, even if the |
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1096 summary is only showing a subset of messages. |
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1097 |
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1098 Note that you cannot undo a sort, so you may wish to save the Rmail |
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1099 buffer before sorting it. |
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1100 |
84264 | 1101 @node Rmail Display |
1102 @section Display of Messages | |
1103 | |
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1104 This section describes how Rmail displays mail headers, |
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1105 @acronym{MIME} sections and attachments, and URLs. |
84264 | 1106 |
1107 @table @kbd | |
1108 @item t | |
1109 Toggle display of complete header (@code{rmail-toggle-header}). | |
1110 @end table | |
1111 | |
1112 @kindex t @r{(Rmail)} | |
1113 @findex rmail-toggle-header | |
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1114 Before displaying each message for the first time, Rmail reformats |
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1115 its header, hiding uninteresting header fields to reduce clutter. The |
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1116 @kbd{t} (@code{rmail-toggle-header}) command toggles this, switching |
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1117 between showing the reformatted header fields and showing the |
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1118 complete, original header. With a positive prefix argument, the |
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1119 command shows the reformatted header; with a zero or negative prefix |
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1120 argument, it shows the full header. Selecting the message again also |
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1121 reformats it if necessary. |
84264 | 1122 |
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1123 @vindex rmail-ignored-headers |
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1124 @vindex rmail-displayed-headers |
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1125 @vindex rmail-nonignored-headers |
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1126 The variable @code{rmail-ignored-headers} holds a regular expression |
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1127 specifying the header fields to hide; any matching header line will be |
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1128 hidden. The variable @code{rmail-nonignored-headers} overrides this: |
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1129 any header field matching that regular expression is shown even if it |
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1130 matches @code{rmail-ignored-headers} too. The variable |
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1131 @code{rmail-displayed-headers} is an alternative to these two |
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1132 variables; if non-@code{nil}, this should be a regular expression |
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1133 specifying which headers to display (the default is @code{nil}). |
84264 | 1134 |
1135 @vindex rmail-highlighted-headers | |
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1136 Rmail highlights certain header fields that are especially |
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|
1137 interesting---by default, the @samp{From} and @samp{Subject} fields. |
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1138 This highlighting uses the @code{rmail-highlight} face. The variable |
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1139 @code{rmail-highlighted-headers} holds a regular expression specifying |
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1140 the header fields to highlight; if it matches the beginning of a |
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1141 header field, that whole field is highlighted. To disable this |
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1142 feature, set @code{rmail-highlighted-headers} to @code{nil}. |
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1143 |
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1144 @cindex MIME messages (Rmail) |
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1145 @vindex rmail-enable-mime |
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1146 By default, Rmail automatically decodes @acronym{MIME} (Multipurpose |
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1147 Internet Mail Extensions) messages. If the message contains multiple |
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1148 parts (@acronym{MIME} entities), each part is represented by a tagline |
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1149 in the Rmail buffer. The tagline summarizes the part's depth, index, |
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1150 and type, and may also contain a button for handling it, e.g. saving |
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1151 it to a file or displaying it as an image in the Rmail buffer. |
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1152 |
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1153 @table @kbd |
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1154 @findex rmail-mime-toggle-hidden |
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1155 @item @key{RET} |
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1156 Hide or show the @acronym{MIME} part at point |
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1157 (@code{rmail-mime-toggle-hidden}). |
84264 | 1158 |
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1159 @findex rmail-mime-next-item |
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1160 @item @key{TAB} |
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1161 Move point to the next @acronym{MIME} part |
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1162 (@code{rmail-mime-next-item}). |
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1163 |
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1164 @findex rmail-mime-previous-item |
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1165 @item @key{BackTab} |
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1166 Move point to the previous @acronym{MIME} part |
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1167 (@code{rmail-mime-previous-item}). |
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1168 |
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1169 @findex rmail-mime |
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1170 @item v |
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1171 @kindex v @r{(Rmail)} |
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1172 Toggle between @acronym{MIME} display and raw message |
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1173 (@code{rmail-mime}). |
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1174 @end table |
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1175 |
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1176 The @kbd{v} (@code{rmail-mime}) command toggles between the default |
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1177 @acronym{MIME} display described above, and a ``raw'' display showing |
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1178 the undecoded @acronym{MIME} data. With a prefix argument, this |
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1179 command toggles the display of only an entity at point. |
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1180 |
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1181 To prevent Rmail from handling MIME decoded messages, change the |
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1182 variable @code{rmail-enable-mime} to @code{nil}. When this is the |
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1183 case, the @kbd{v} (@code{rmail-mime}) command instead creates a |
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1184 temporary buffer to display the current @acronym{MIME} message. |
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1185 |
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1186 You can highlight and activate URLs in the Rmail buffer using Goto |
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1187 Address mode: |
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1188 |
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1189 @c FIXME goto-addr.el commentary says to use goto-address instead. |
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1190 @smallexample |
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1191 (add-hook 'rmail-show-message-hook (lambda () (goto-address-mode 1))) |
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1192 @end smallexample |
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1193 |
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|
1194 @noindent |
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1195 Then you can browse these URLs by clicking on them with @kbd{Mouse-2} |
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1196 (or @kbd{Mouse-1} quickly) or by moving to one and typing @kbd{C-c |
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1197 @key{RET}}. @xref{Goto Address mode, Activating URLs, Activating URLs}. |
84264 | 1198 |
1199 @node Rmail Coding | |
1200 @section Rmail and Coding Systems | |
1201 | |
1202 @cindex decoding mail messages (Rmail) | |
1203 Rmail automatically decodes messages which contain non-@acronym{ASCII} | |
1204 characters, just as Emacs does with files you visit and with subprocess | |
1205 output. Rmail uses the standard @samp{charset=@var{charset}} header in | |
1206 the message, if any, to determine how the message was encoded by the | |
1207 sender. It maps @var{charset} into the corresponding Emacs coding | |
1208 system (@pxref{Coding Systems}), and uses that coding system to decode | |
1209 message text. If the message header doesn't have the @samp{charset} | |
1210 specification, or if @var{charset} is not recognized, | |
1211 Rmail chooses the coding system with the usual Emacs heuristics and | |
1212 defaults (@pxref{Recognize Coding}). | |
1213 | |
1214 @cindex fixing incorrectly decoded mail messages | |
1215 Occasionally, a message is decoded incorrectly, either because Emacs | |
1216 guessed the wrong coding system in the absence of the @samp{charset} | |
1217 specification, or because the specification was inaccurate. For | |
1218 example, a misconfigured mailer could send a message with a | |
1219 @samp{charset=iso-8859-1} header when the message is actually encoded | |
1220 in @code{koi8-r}. When you see the message text garbled, or some of | |
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1221 its characters displayed as hex codes or empty boxes, this may have |
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1222 happened. |
84264 | 1223 |
1224 @findex rmail-redecode-body | |
1225 You can correct the problem by decoding the message again using the | |
1226 right coding system, if you can figure out or guess which one is | |
1227 right. To do this, invoke the @kbd{M-x rmail-redecode-body} command. | |
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1228 It reads the name of a coding system, and then redecodes the message |
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1229 using the coding system you specified. If you specified the right |
84264 | 1230 coding system, the result should be readable. |
1231 | |
1232 @node Rmail Editing | |
1233 @section Editing Within a Message | |
1234 | |
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1235 Most of the usual Emacs keybindings are available in Rmail mode, though a |
84264 | 1236 few, such as @kbd{C-M-n} and @kbd{C-M-h}, are redefined by Rmail for |
1237 other purposes. However, the Rmail buffer is normally read only, and | |
1238 most of the letters are redefined as Rmail commands. If you want to | |
1239 edit the text of a message, you must use the Rmail command @kbd{e}. | |
1240 | |
1241 @table @kbd | |
1242 @item e | |
1243 Edit the current message as ordinary text. | |
1244 @end table | |
1245 | |
1246 @kindex e @r{(Rmail)} | |
1247 @findex rmail-edit-current-message | |
1248 The @kbd{e} command (@code{rmail-edit-current-message}) switches from | |
1249 Rmail mode into Rmail Edit mode, another major mode which is nearly the | |
1250 same as Text mode. The mode line indicates this change. | |
1251 | |
1252 In Rmail Edit mode, letters insert themselves as usual and the Rmail | |
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1253 commands are not available. You can edit the message body and header |
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|
1254 fields. When you are finished editing the message, type @kbd{C-c C-c} |
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|
1255 to switch back to Rmail mode. Alternatively, you can return to Rmail |
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1256 mode but cancel any editing that you have done, by typing @kbd{C-c C-]}. |
84264 | 1257 |
1258 @vindex rmail-edit-mode-hook | |
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1259 Entering Rmail Edit mode runs the hook @code{text-mode-hook}; then |
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|
1260 it runs the hook @code{rmail-edit-mode-hook} (@pxref{Hooks}). |
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1261 Returning to ordinary Rmail mode adds the attribute @samp{edited} to |
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1262 the message, if you have made any changes in it. |
84264 | 1263 |
1264 @node Rmail Digest | |
1265 @section Digest Messages | |
1266 @cindex digest message | |
1267 @cindex undigestify | |
1268 | |
1269 A @dfn{digest message} is a message which exists to contain and carry | |
1270 several other messages. Digests are used on some moderated mailing | |
1271 lists; all the messages that arrive for the list during a period of time | |
1272 such as one day are put inside a single digest which is then sent to the | |
1273 subscribers. Transmitting the single digest uses much less computer | |
1274 time than transmitting the individual messages even though the total | |
1275 size is the same, because the per-message overhead in network mail | |
1276 transmission is considerable. | |
1277 | |
1278 @findex undigestify-rmail-message | |
1279 When you receive a digest message, the most convenient way to read it is | |
1280 to @dfn{undigestify} it: to turn it back into many individual messages. | |
1281 Then you can read and delete the individual messages as it suits you. | |
1282 To do this, select the digest message and type the command @kbd{M-x | |
1283 undigestify-rmail-message}. This extracts the submessages as separate | |
1284 Rmail messages, and inserts them following the digest. The digest | |
1285 message itself is flagged as deleted. | |
1286 | |
1287 @node Rmail Rot13 | |
1288 @section Reading Rot13 Messages | |
1289 @cindex rot13 code | |
1290 | |
1291 Mailing list messages that might offend some readers are sometimes | |
1292 encoded in a simple code called @dfn{rot13}---so named because it | |
1293 rotates the alphabet by 13 letters. This code is not for secrecy, as it | |
1294 provides none; rather, it enables those who might be offended to avoid | |
1295 seeing the real text of the message. | |
1296 | |
1297 @findex rot13-other-window | |
1298 To view a buffer which uses the rot13 code, use the command @kbd{M-x | |
1299 rot13-other-window}. This displays the current buffer in another window | |
1300 which applies the code when displaying the text. | |
1301 | |
1302 @node Movemail | |
1303 @section @code{movemail} program | |
1304 @cindex @code{movemail} program | |
1305 | |
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1306 Rmail uses the @code{movemail} program to move mail from your inbox to |
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1307 your Rmail file (@pxref{Rmail Inbox}). When loaded for the first time, |
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1308 Rmail attempts to locate the @code{movemail} program and determine its |
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1309 version. There are two versions of the @code{movemail} program: the |
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1310 native one, shipped with GNU Emacs (the ``emacs version'') and the one |
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1311 included in GNU mailutils (the ``mailutils version,'' |
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1312 @pxref{movemail,,,mailutils,GNU mailutils}). They support the same |
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1313 command line syntax and the same basic subset of options. However, the |
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1314 Mailutils version offers additional features. |
84264 | 1315 |
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1316 The Emacs version of @code{movemail} is able to retrieve mail from the |
84264 | 1317 usual UNIX mailbox formats and from remote mailboxes using the POP3 |
1318 protocol. | |
1319 | |
1320 The Mailutils version is able to handle a wide set of mailbox | |
1321 formats, such as plain UNIX mailboxes, @code{maildir} and @code{MH} | |
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1322 mailboxes, etc. It is able to access remote mailboxes using the POP3 or |
84264 | 1323 IMAP4 protocol, and can retrieve mail from them using a TLS encrypted |
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1324 channel. It also accepts mailbox arguments in @acronym{URL} form. |
84264 | 1325 The detailed description of mailbox @acronym{URL}s can be found in |
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1326 @ref{URL,,,mailutils,Mailbox URL Formats}. In short, a @acronym{URL} is: |
84264 | 1327 |
1328 @smallexample | |
1329 @var{proto}://[@var{user}[:@var{password}]@@]@var{host-or-file-name} | |
1330 @end smallexample | |
1331 | |
1332 @noindent | |
1333 where square brackets denote optional elements. | |
1334 | |
1335 @table @var | |
1336 @item proto | |
1337 Specifies the @dfn{mailbox protocol}, or @dfn{format} to | |
1338 use. The exact semantics of the rest of @acronym{URL} elements depends | |
1339 on the actual value of @var{proto} (see below). | |
1340 | |
1341 @item user | |
1342 User name to access the remote mailbox. | |
1343 | |
1344 @item password | |
1345 User password to access the remote mailbox. | |
1346 | |
1347 @item host-or-file-name | |
1348 Hostname of the remote server for remote mailboxes or file name of a | |
1349 local mailbox. | |
1350 @end table | |
1351 | |
1352 @noindent | |
1353 @var{Proto} can be one of: | |
1354 | |
1355 @table @code | |
1356 @item mbox | |
1357 Usual UNIX mailbox format. In this case, neither @var{user} nor | |
1358 @var{pass} are used, and @var{host-or-file-name} denotes the file name of | |
1359 the mailbox file, e.g., @code{mbox://var/spool/mail/smith}. | |
1360 | |
1361 @item mh | |
1362 A local mailbox in the @acronym{MH} format. @var{User} and | |
1363 @var{pass} are not used. @var{Host-or-file-name} denotes the name of | |
1364 @acronym{MH} folder, e.g., @code{mh://Mail/inbox}. | |
1365 | |
1366 @item maildir | |
1367 A local mailbox in the @acronym{maildir} format. @var{User} and | |
1368 @var{pass} are not used, and @var{host-or-file-name} denotes the name of | |
1369 @code{maildir} mailbox, e.g., @code{maildir://mail/inbox}. | |
1370 | |
1371 @item file | |
1372 Any local mailbox format. Its actual format is detected automatically | |
1373 by @code{movemail}. | |
1374 | |
1375 @item pop | |
1376 A remote mailbox to be accessed via POP3 protocol. @var{User} | |
1377 specifies the remote user name to use, @var{pass} may be used to | |
1378 specify the user password, @var{host-or-file-name} is the name or IP | |
1379 address of the remote mail server to connect to; e.g., | |
1380 @code{pop://smith:guessme@@remote.server.net}. | |
1381 | |
1382 @item imap | |
1383 A remote mailbox to be accessed via IMAP4 protocol. @var{User} | |
1384 specifies the remote user name to use, @var{pass} may be used to | |
1385 specify the user password, @var{host-or-file-name} is the name or IP | |
1386 address of the remote mail server to connect to; | |
1387 e.g., @code{imap://smith:guessme@@remote.server.net}. | |
1388 @end table | |
1389 | |
1390 Alternatively, you can specify the file name of the mailbox to use. | |
1391 This is equivalent to specifying the @samp{file} protocol: | |
1392 | |
1393 @smallexample | |
1394 /var/spool/mail/@var{user} @equiv{} file://var/spool/mail/@var{user} | |
1395 @end smallexample | |
1396 | |
1397 @vindex rmail-movemail-program | |
1398 @vindex rmail-movemail-search-path | |
1399 The variable @code{rmail-movemail-program} controls which version of | |
1400 @code{movemail} to use. If that is a string, it specifies the | |
1401 absolute file name of the @code{movemail} executable. If it is | |
1402 @code{nil}, Rmail searches for @code{movemail} in the directories | |
1403 listed in @code{rmail-movemail-search-path} and @code{exec-path}, then | |
1404 in @code{exec-directory}. | |
1405 | |
1406 @node Remote Mailboxes | |
1407 @section Retrieving Mail from Remote Mailboxes | |
1408 @pindex movemail | |
1409 | |
1410 Some sites use a method called POP for accessing users' inbox data | |
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1411 instead of storing the data in inbox files. By default, the @code{Emacs |
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1412 movemail} can work with POP (unless the Emacs @code{configure} script |
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1413 was run with the option @samp{--without-pop}). |
84264 | 1414 |
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1415 Similarly, the Mailutils @code{movemail} by default supports POP, unless |
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1416 it was configured with the @samp{--disable-pop} option. |
84264 | 1417 |
1418 Both versions of @code{movemail} only work with POP3, not with older | |
1419 versions of POP. | |
1420 | |
1421 @cindex @env{MAILHOST} environment variable | |
1422 @cindex POP mailboxes | |
1423 No matter which flavor of @code{movemail} you use, you can specify | |
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1424 a POP inbox by using a POP @dfn{URL} (@pxref{Movemail}). A POP |
84264 | 1425 @acronym{URL} is a ``file name'' of the form |
1426 @samp{pop://@var{username}@@@var{hostname}}, where | |
1427 @var{hostname} is the host name or IP address of the remote mail | |
1428 server and @var{username} is the user name on that server. | |
1429 Additionally, you may specify the password in the mailbox @acronym{URL}: | |
1430 @samp{pop://@var{username}:@var{password}@@@var{hostname}}. In this | |
1431 case, @var{password} takes preference over the one set by | |
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1432 @code{rmail-remote-password} (see below). This is especially useful |
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1433 if you have several remote mailboxes with different passwords. |
84264 | 1434 |
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1435 For backward compatibility, Rmail also supports an alternative way of |
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1436 specifying remote POP mailboxes. Specifying an inbox name in the form |
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1437 @samp{po:@var{username}:@var{hostname}} is equivalent to |
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1438 @samp{pop://@var{username}@@@var{hostname}}. If you omit the |
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1439 @var{:hostname} part, the @env{MAILHOST} environment variable specifies |
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1440 the machine on which to look for the POP server. |
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1441 |
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1442 @c FIXME mention --with-hesiod "support Hesiod to get the POP server host"? |
84264 | 1443 |
1444 @cindex IMAP mailboxes | |
1445 Another method for accessing remote mailboxes is IMAP. This method is | |
1446 supported only by the Mailutils @code{movemail}. To specify an IMAP | |
1447 mailbox in the inbox list, use the following mailbox @acronym{URL}: | |
1448 @samp{imap://@var{username}[:@var{password}]@@@var{hostname}}. The | |
1449 @var{password} part is optional, as described above. | |
1450 | |
1451 @vindex rmail-remote-password | |
1452 @vindex rmail-remote-password-required | |
1453 Accessing a remote mailbox may require a password. Rmail uses the | |
1454 following algorithm to retrieve it: | |
1455 | |
1456 @enumerate | |
1457 @item | |
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1458 If a @var{password} is present in the mailbox URL (see above), it is |
84264 | 1459 used. |
1460 @item | |
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1461 If the variable @code{rmail-remote-password-required} is @code{nil}, |
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1462 Rmail assumes no password is required. |
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1463 @item |
84264 | 1464 If the variable @code{rmail-remote-password} is non-@code{nil}, its |
1465 value is used. | |
1466 @item | |
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1467 Otherwise, Rmail will ask you for the password to use. |
84264 | 1468 @end enumerate |
1469 | |
1470 @vindex rmail-movemail-flags | |
1471 If you need to pass additional command-line flags to @code{movemail}, | |
1472 set the variable @code{rmail-movemail-flags} a list of the flags you | |
1473 wish to use. Do not use this variable to pass the @samp{-p} flag to | |
1474 preserve your inbox contents; use @code{rmail-preserve-inbox} instead. | |
1475 | |
1476 @cindex Kerberos POP authentication | |
1477 The @code{movemail} program installed at your site may support | |
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1478 Kerberos authentication (the Emacs @code{movemail} does so if Emacs was |
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1479 configured with the option @code{--with-kerberos} or |
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1480 @code{--with-kerberos5}). If it is supported, it is used by default |
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1481 whenever you attempt to retrieve POP mail when |
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1482 @code{rmail-remote-password} and @code{rmail-remote-password-required} |
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1483 are unset. |
84264 | 1484 |
1485 @cindex reverse order in POP inboxes | |
1486 Some POP servers store messages in reverse order. If your server does | |
1487 this, and you would rather read your mail in the order in which it was | |
1488 received, you can tell @code{movemail} to reverse the order of | |
1489 downloaded messages by adding the @samp{-r} flag to | |
1490 @code{rmail-movemail-flags}. | |
1491 | |
1492 @cindex TLS encryption (Rmail) | |
1493 Mailutils @code{movemail} supports TLS encryption. If you wish to | |
1494 use it, add the @samp{--tls} flag to @code{rmail-movemail-flags}. | |
1495 | |
1496 @node Other Mailbox Formats | |
1497 @section Retrieving Mail from Local Mailboxes in Various Formats | |
1498 | |
1499 If your incoming mail is stored on a local machine in a format other | |
1500 than UNIX mailbox, you will need the Mailutils @code{movemail} to | |
1501 retrieve it. @xref{Movemail}, for the detailed description of | |
1502 @code{movemail} versions. For example, to access mail from a inbox in | |
1503 @code{maildir} format located in @file{/var/spool/mail/in}, you would | |
1504 include the following in the Rmail inbox list: | |
1505 | |
1506 @smallexample | |
1507 maildir://var/spool/mail/in | |
1508 @end smallexample | |
1509 | |
1510 @ignore | |
1511 arch-tag: 034965f6-38df-47a2-a9f1-b8bc8ab37e23 | |
1512 @end ignore |