annotate lispref/text.texi @ 62538:431e1a995da5

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author Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
date Thu, 19 May 2005 23:29:21 +0000
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1 @c -*-texinfo-*-
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2 @c This is part of the GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual.
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3 @c Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1998, 1999,
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4 @c 2000, 2001, 2004, 2005
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5 @c Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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6 @c See the file elisp.texi for copying conditions.
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7 @setfilename ../info/text
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8 @node Text, Non-ASCII Characters, Markers, Top
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9 @chapter Text
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10 @cindex text
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11
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12 This chapter describes the functions that deal with the text in a
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13 buffer. Most examine, insert, or delete text in the current buffer,
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14 often operating at point or on text adjacent to point. Many are
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15 interactive. All the functions that change the text provide for undoing
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16 the changes (@pxref{Undo}).
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17
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18 Many text-related functions operate on a region of text defined by two
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19 buffer positions passed in arguments named @var{start} and @var{end}.
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20 These arguments should be either markers (@pxref{Markers}) or numeric
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21 character positions (@pxref{Positions}). The order of these arguments
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22 does not matter; it is all right for @var{start} to be the end of the
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23 region and @var{end} the beginning. For example, @code{(delete-region 1
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24 10)} and @code{(delete-region 10 1)} are equivalent. An
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25 @code{args-out-of-range} error is signaled if either @var{start} or
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26 @var{end} is outside the accessible portion of the buffer. In an
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27 interactive call, point and the mark are used for these arguments.
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28
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29 @cindex buffer contents
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30 Throughout this chapter, ``text'' refers to the characters in the
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31 buffer, together with their properties (when relevant). Keep in mind
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32 that point is always between two characters, and the cursor appears on
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33 the character after point.
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34
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35 @menu
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36 * Near Point:: Examining text in the vicinity of point.
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37 * Buffer Contents:: Examining text in a general fashion.
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38 * Comparing Text:: Comparing substrings of buffers.
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39 * Insertion:: Adding new text to a buffer.
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40 * Commands for Insertion:: User-level commands to insert text.
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41 * Deletion:: Removing text from a buffer.
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42 * User-Level Deletion:: User-level commands to delete text.
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43 * The Kill Ring:: Where removed text sometimes is saved for later use.
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44 * Undo:: Undoing changes to the text of a buffer.
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45 * Maintaining Undo:: How to enable and disable undo information.
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46 How to control how much information is kept.
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47 * Filling:: Functions for explicit filling.
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48 * Margins:: How to specify margins for filling commands.
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49 * Adaptive Fill:: Adaptive Fill mode chooses a fill prefix from context.
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50 * Auto Filling:: How auto-fill mode is implemented to break lines.
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51 * Sorting:: Functions for sorting parts of the buffer.
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52 * Columns:: Computing horizontal positions, and using them.
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53 * Indentation:: Functions to insert or adjust indentation.
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54 * Case Changes:: Case conversion of parts of the buffer.
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55 * Text Properties:: Assigning Lisp property lists to text characters.
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56 * Substitution:: Replacing a given character wherever it appears.
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57 * Transposition:: Swapping two portions of a buffer.
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58 * Registers:: How registers are implemented. Accessing the text or
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59 position stored in a register.
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60 * Base 64:: Conversion to or from base 64 encoding.
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61 * MD5 Checksum:: Compute the MD5 ``message digest''/``checksum''.
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62 * Atomic Changes:: Installing several buffer changes ``atomically''.
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63 * Change Hooks:: Supplying functions to be run when text is changed.
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64 @end menu
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65
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66 @node Near Point
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67 @section Examining Text Near Point
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68
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69 Many functions are provided to look at the characters around point.
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70 Several simple functions are described here. See also @code{looking-at}
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71 in @ref{Regexp Search}.
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72
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73 In the following four functions, ``beginning'' or ``end'' of buffer
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74 refers to the beginning or end of the accessible portion.
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75
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76 @defun char-after &optional position
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77 This function returns the character in the current buffer at (i.e.,
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78 immediately after) position @var{position}. If @var{position} is out of
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79 range for this purpose, either before the beginning of the buffer, or at
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80 or beyond the end, then the value is @code{nil}. The default for
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81 @var{position} is point.
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82
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83 In the following example, assume that the first character in the
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84 buffer is @samp{@@}:
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85
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86 @example
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87 @group
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88 (char-to-string (char-after 1))
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89 @result{} "@@"
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90 @end group
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91 @end example
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92 @end defun
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93
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94 @defun char-before &optional position
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95 This function returns the character in the current buffer immediately
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96 before position @var{position}. If @var{position} is out of range for
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97 this purpose, either at or before the beginning of the buffer, or beyond
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98 the end, then the value is @code{nil}. The default for
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99 @var{position} is point.
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100 @end defun
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101
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102 @defun following-char
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103 This function returns the character following point in the current
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104 buffer. This is similar to @code{(char-after (point))}. However, if
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105 point is at the end of the buffer, then @code{following-char} returns 0.
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106
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107 Remember that point is always between characters, and the terminal
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108 cursor normally appears over the character following point. Therefore,
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109 the character returned by @code{following-char} is the character the
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110 cursor is over.
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111
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112 In this example, point is between the @samp{a} and the @samp{c}.
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113
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114 @example
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115 @group
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116 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
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117 Gentlemen may cry ``Pea@point{}ce! Peace!,''
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118 but there is no peace.
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119 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
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120 @end group
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121
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122 @group
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123 (char-to-string (preceding-char))
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124 @result{} "a"
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125 (char-to-string (following-char))
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126 @result{} "c"
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127 @end group
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128 @end example
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129 @end defun
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130
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131 @defun preceding-char
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132 This function returns the character preceding point in the current
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133 buffer. See above, under @code{following-char}, for an example. If
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134 point is at the beginning of the buffer, @code{preceding-char} returns
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135 0.
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136 @end defun
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137
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138 @defun bobp
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139 This function returns @code{t} if point is at the beginning of the
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140 buffer. If narrowing is in effect, this means the beginning of the
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141 accessible portion of the text. See also @code{point-min} in
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142 @ref{Point}.
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143 @end defun
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144
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145 @defun eobp
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146 This function returns @code{t} if point is at the end of the buffer.
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147 If narrowing is in effect, this means the end of accessible portion of
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148 the text. See also @code{point-max} in @xref{Point}.
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149 @end defun
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150
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151 @defun bolp
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152 This function returns @code{t} if point is at the beginning of a line.
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153 @xref{Text Lines}. The beginning of the buffer (or of its accessible
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154 portion) always counts as the beginning of a line.
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155 @end defun
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156
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157 @defun eolp
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158 This function returns @code{t} if point is at the end of a line. The
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159 end of the buffer (or of its accessible portion) is always considered
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160 the end of a line.
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161 @end defun
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162
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163 @node Buffer Contents
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164 @section Examining Buffer Contents
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165
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166 This section describes functions that allow a Lisp program to
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167 convert any portion of the text in the buffer into a string.
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168
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169 @defun buffer-substring start end
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170 This function returns a string containing a copy of the text of the
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171 region defined by positions @var{start} and @var{end} in the current
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172 buffer. If the arguments are not positions in the accessible portion of
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173 the buffer, @code{buffer-substring} signals an @code{args-out-of-range}
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174 error.
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175
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176 It is not necessary for @var{start} to be less than @var{end}; the
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177 arguments can be given in either order. But most often the smaller
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178 argument is written first.
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179
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180 If the text being copied has any text properties, these are copied into
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181 the string along with the characters they belong to. @xref{Text
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182 Properties}. However, overlays (@pxref{Overlays}) in the buffer and
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183 their properties are ignored, not copied.
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184
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185 @example
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186 @group
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187 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
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188 This is the contents of buffer foo
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189
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190 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
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191 @end group
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192
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193 @group
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194 (buffer-substring 1 10)
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195 @result{} "This is t"
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196 @end group
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197 @group
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198 (buffer-substring (point-max) 10)
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199 @result{} "he contents of buffer foo
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200 "
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201 @end group
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202 @end example
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203 @end defun
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204
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205 @defun buffer-substring-no-properties start end
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206 This is like @code{buffer-substring}, except that it does not copy text
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207 properties, just the characters themselves. @xref{Text Properties}.
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208 @end defun
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209
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210 @defun filter-buffer-substring start end &optional delete
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211 This function passes the buffer text between @var{start} and @var{end}
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212 through the filter functions specified by the variable
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213 @code{buffer-substring-filters}, and returns the value from the last
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214 filter function. If @code{buffer-substring-filters} is @code{nil},
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215 the value is the unaltered text from the buffer, what
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216 @code{buffer-substring} would return.
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217
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218 If @var{delete} is non-@code{nil}, this function deletes the text
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219 between @var{start} and @var{end} after copying it, like
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220 @code{delete-and-extract-region}.
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221
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222 Lisp code should use this function instead of @code{buffer-substring}
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223 or @code{delete-and-extract-region} when copying into user-accessible
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224 data structures such as the kill-ring, X clipboard, and registers.
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225 Major and minor modes can add functions to
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226 @code{buffer-substring-filters} to alter such text as it is copied out
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227 of the buffer.
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228 @end defun
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229
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230 @defvar buffer-substring-filters
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231 This variable should be a list of functions that accept a single
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232 argument, a string, and return a string.
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233 @code{filter-buffer-substring} passes the buffer substring to the
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234 first function in this list, and the return value of each function is
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235 passed to the next function. The return value of the last function is
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236 used as the return value of @code{filter-buffer-substring}.
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237
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238 As a special convention, point is set to the start of the buffer text
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239 being operated on (i.e., the @var{start} argument for
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240 @code{filter-buffer-substring}) before these functions are called.
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241
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242 If this variable is @code{nil}, no filtering is performed.
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243 @end defvar
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244
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245 @defun buffer-string
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246 This function returns the contents of the entire accessible portion of
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247 the current buffer as a string. It is equivalent to
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248
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249 @example
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250 (buffer-substring (point-min) (point-max))
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251 @end example
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252
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253 @example
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254 @group
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255 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
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256 This is the contents of buffer foo
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257
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258 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
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259
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260 (buffer-string)
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261 @result{} "This is the contents of buffer foo
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262 "
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263 @end group
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264 @end example
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265 @end defun
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266
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267 @tindex current-word
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268 @defun current-word &optional strict really-word
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269 This function returns the symbol (or word) at or near point, as a string.
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270 The return value includes no text properties.
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271
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272 If the optional argument @var{really-word} is non-@code{nil}, it finds a
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273 word; otherwise, it finds a symbol (which includes both word
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274 characters and symbol constituent characters).
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275
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276 If the optional argument @var{strict} is non-@code{nil}, then point
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277 must be in or next to the symbol or word---if no symbol or word is
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278 there, the function returns @code{nil}. Otherwise, a nearby symbol or
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279 word on the same line is acceptable.
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280 @end defun
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281
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282 @defun thing-at-point thing
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283 Return the @var{thing} around or next to point, as a string.
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284
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285 The argument @var{thing} is a symbol which specifies a kind of syntactic
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286 entity. Possibilities include @code{symbol}, @code{list}, @code{sexp},
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287 @code{defun}, @code{filename}, @code{url}, @code{word}, @code{sentence},
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288 @code{whitespace}, @code{line}, @code{page}, and others.
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289
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290 @example
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291 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
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292 Gentlemen may cry ``Pea@point{}ce! Peace!,''
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293 but there is no peace.
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294 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
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295
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296 (thing-at-point 'word)
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297 @result{} "Peace"
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298 (thing-at-point 'line)
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299 @result{} "Gentlemen may cry ``Peace! Peace!,''\n"
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300 (thing-at-point 'whitespace)
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301 @result{} nil
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302 @end example
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303 @end defun
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304
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305 @node Comparing Text
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306 @section Comparing Text
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307 @cindex comparing buffer text
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308
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309 This function lets you compare portions of the text in a buffer, without
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310 copying them into strings first.
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311
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312 @defun compare-buffer-substrings buffer1 start1 end1 buffer2 start2 end2
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313 This function lets you compare two substrings of the same buffer or two
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314 different buffers. The first three arguments specify one substring,
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315 giving a buffer (or a buffer name) and two positions within the
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316 buffer. The last three arguments specify the other substring in the
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317 same way. You can use @code{nil} for @var{buffer1}, @var{buffer2}, or
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318 both to stand for the current buffer.
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319
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320 The value is negative if the first substring is less, positive if the
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321 first is greater, and zero if they are equal. The absolute value of
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322 the result is one plus the index of the first differing characters
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323 within the substrings.
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324
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325 This function ignores case when comparing characters
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326 if @code{case-fold-search} is non-@code{nil}. It always ignores
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327 text properties.
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328
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329 Suppose the current buffer contains the text @samp{foobarbar
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330 haha!rara!}; then in this example the two substrings are @samp{rbar }
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331 and @samp{rara!}. The value is 2 because the first substring is greater
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332 at the second character.
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333
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334 @example
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335 (compare-buffer-substrings nil 6 11 nil 16 21)
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336 @result{} 2
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337 @end example
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338 @end defun
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339
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340 @node Insertion
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341 @section Inserting Text
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342 @cindex insertion of text
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343 @cindex text insertion
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344
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345 @cindex insertion before point
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346 @cindex before point, insertion
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347 @dfn{Insertion} means adding new text to a buffer. The inserted text
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348 goes at point---between the character before point and the character
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349 after point. Some insertion functions leave point before the inserted
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350 text, while other functions leave it after. We call the former
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351 insertion @dfn{after point} and the latter insertion @dfn{before point}.
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352
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353 Insertion relocates markers that point at positions after the
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354 insertion point, so that they stay with the surrounding text
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355 (@pxref{Markers}). When a marker points at the place of insertion,
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356 insertion may or may not relocate the marker, depending on the marker's
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357 insertion type (@pxref{Marker Insertion Types}). Certain special
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358 functions such as @code{insert-before-markers} relocate all such markers
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359 to point after the inserted text, regardless of the markers' insertion
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360 type.
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361
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362 Insertion functions signal an error if the current buffer is
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363 read-only or if they insert within read-only text.
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364
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365 These functions copy text characters from strings and buffers along
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366 with their properties. The inserted characters have exactly the same
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367 properties as the characters they were copied from. By contrast,
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368 characters specified as separate arguments, not part of a string or
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369 buffer, inherit their text properties from the neighboring text.
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370
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371 The insertion functions convert text from unibyte to multibyte in
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372 order to insert in a multibyte buffer, and vice versa---if the text
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373 comes from a string or from a buffer. However, they do not convert
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374 unibyte character codes 128 through 255 to multibyte characters, not
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375 even if the current buffer is a multibyte buffer. @xref{Converting
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376 Representations}.
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377
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378 @defun insert &rest args
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379 This function inserts the strings and/or characters @var{args} into the
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380 current buffer, at point, moving point forward. In other words, it
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381 inserts the text before point. An error is signaled unless all
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382 @var{args} are either strings or characters. The value is @code{nil}.
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383 @end defun
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384
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385 @defun insert-before-markers &rest args
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386 This function inserts the strings and/or characters @var{args} into the
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387 current buffer, at point, moving point forward. An error is signaled
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388 unless all @var{args} are either strings or characters. The value is
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389 @code{nil}.
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390
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391 This function is unlike the other insertion functions in that it
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392 relocates markers initially pointing at the insertion point, to point
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393 after the inserted text. If an overlay begins at the insertion point,
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394 the inserted text falls outside the overlay; if a nonempty overlay
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395 ends at the insertion point, the inserted text falls inside that
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396 overlay.
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397 @end defun
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398
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399 @defun insert-char character count &optional inherit
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400 This function inserts @var{count} instances of @var{character} into the
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401 current buffer before point. The argument @var{count} should be a
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402 number, and @var{character} must be a character. The value is @code{nil}.
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403
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404 This function does not convert unibyte character codes 128 through 255
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405 to multibyte characters, not even if the current buffer is a multibyte
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406 buffer. @xref{Converting Representations}.
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407
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408 If @var{inherit} is non-@code{nil}, then the inserted characters inherit
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409 sticky text properties from the two characters before and after the
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410 insertion point. @xref{Sticky Properties}.
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411 @end defun
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412
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413 @defun insert-buffer-substring from-buffer-or-name &optional start end
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414 This function inserts a portion of buffer @var{from-buffer-or-name}
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415 (which must already exist) into the current buffer before point. The
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416 text inserted is the region between @var{start} and @var{end}. (These
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417 arguments default to the beginning and end of the accessible portion of
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418 that buffer.) This function returns @code{nil}.
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419
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420 In this example, the form is executed with buffer @samp{bar} as the
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421 current buffer. We assume that buffer @samp{bar} is initially empty.
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422
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423 @example
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424 @group
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425 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
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426 We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all
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427 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
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428 @end group
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429
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430 @group
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431 (insert-buffer-substring "foo" 1 20)
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432 @result{} nil
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433
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434 ---------- Buffer: bar ----------
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435 We hold these truth@point{}
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436 ---------- Buffer: bar ----------
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437 @end group
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438 @end example
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439 @end defun
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440
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441 @defun insert-buffer-substring-no-properties from-buffer-or-name &optional start end
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442 This is like @code{insert-buffer-substring} except that it does not
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443 copy any text properties.
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444 @end defun
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445
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446 @xref{Sticky Properties}, for other insertion functions that inherit
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447 text properties from the nearby text in addition to inserting it.
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448 Whitespace inserted by indentation functions also inherits text
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449 properties.
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450
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451 @node Commands for Insertion
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452 @section User-Level Insertion Commands
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453
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454 This section describes higher-level commands for inserting text,
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455 commands intended primarily for the user but useful also in Lisp
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456 programs.
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457
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458 @deffn Command insert-buffer from-buffer-or-name
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459 This command inserts the entire accessible contents of
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460 @var{from-buffer-or-name} (which must exist) into the current buffer
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461 after point. It leaves the mark after the inserted text. The value
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462 is @code{nil}.
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463 @end deffn
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464
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465 @deffn Command self-insert-command count
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466 @cindex character insertion
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467 @cindex self-insertion
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
468 This command inserts the last character typed; it does so @var{count}
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
469 times, before point, and returns @code{nil}. Most printing characters
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
470 are bound to this command. In routine use, @code{self-insert-command}
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
471 is the most frequently called function in Emacs, but programs rarely use
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
472 it except to install it on a keymap.
6558
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parents:
diff changeset
473
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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diff changeset
474 In an interactive call, @var{count} is the numeric prefix argument.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
475
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
476 This command calls @code{auto-fill-function} whenever that is
28843
951c07315d97 auto-fill-chars
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27654
diff changeset
477 non-@code{nil} and the character inserted is in the table
951c07315d97 auto-fill-chars
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27654
diff changeset
478 @code{auto-fill-chars} (@pxref{Auto Filling}).
6558
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parents:
diff changeset
479
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parents:
diff changeset
480 @c Cross refs reworded to prevent overfull hbox. --rjc 15mar92
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
481 This command performs abbrev expansion if Abbrev mode is enabled and
6558
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parents:
diff changeset
482 the inserted character does not have word-constituent
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
483 syntax. (@xref{Abbrevs}, and @ref{Syntax Class Table}.)
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
484
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
485 This is also responsible for calling @code{blink-paren-function} when
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
486 the inserted character has close parenthesis syntax (@pxref{Blinking}).
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
487
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
488 Do not try substituting your own definition of
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
489 @code{self-insert-command} for the standard one. The editor command
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
490 loop handles this function specially.
6558
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diff changeset
491 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
492
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 49184
diff changeset
493 @deffn Command newline &optional number-of-newlines
6558
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
494 This command inserts newlines into the current buffer before point.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
495 If @var{number-of-newlines} is supplied, that many newline characters
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
496 are inserted.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
497
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
498 @cindex newline and Auto Fill mode
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
499 This function calls @code{auto-fill-function} if the current column
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
500 number is greater than the value of @code{fill-column} and
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
501 @var{number-of-newlines} is @code{nil}. Typically what
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
502 @code{auto-fill-function} does is insert a newline; thus, the overall
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
503 result in this case is to insert two newlines at different places: one
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
504 at point, and another earlier in the line. @code{newline} does not
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
505 auto-fill if @var{number-of-newlines} is non-@code{nil}.
6558
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
506
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
507 This command indents to the left margin if that is not zero.
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
508 @xref{Margins}.
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
509
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parents:
diff changeset
510 The value returned is @code{nil}. In an interactive call, @var{count}
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
511 is the numeric prefix argument.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
512 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
513
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
514 @deffn Command split-line
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
515 This command splits the current line, moving the portion of the line
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
516 after point down vertically so that it is on the next line directly
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
517 below where it was before. Whitespace is inserted as needed at the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
518 beginning of the lower line, using the @code{indent-to} function.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
519 @code{split-line} returns the position of point.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
520
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
521 Programs hardly ever use this function.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
522 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
523
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
524 @defvar overwrite-mode
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
525 This variable controls whether overwrite mode is in effect. The value
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
526 should be @code{overwrite-mode-textual}, @code{overwrite-mode-binary},
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
527 or @code{nil}. @code{overwrite-mode-textual} specifies textual
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
528 overwrite mode (treats newlines and tabs specially), and
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
529 @code{overwrite-mode-binary} specifies binary overwrite mode (treats
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
530 newlines and tabs like any other characters).
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
531 @end defvar
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
532
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
533 @node Deletion
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
534 @section Deleting Text
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
535
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
536 @cindex deletion vs killing
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
537 Deletion means removing part of the text in a buffer, without saving
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
538 it in the kill ring (@pxref{The Kill Ring}). Deleted text can't be
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
539 yanked, but can be reinserted using the undo mechanism (@pxref{Undo}).
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
540 Some deletion functions do save text in the kill ring in some special
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
541 cases.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
542
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
543 All of the deletion functions operate on the current buffer.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
544
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
545 @deffn Command erase-buffer
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
546 This function deletes the entire text of the current buffer
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
547 (@emph{not} just the accessible portion), leaving it
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
548 empty. If the buffer is read-only, it signals a @code{buffer-read-only}
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
549 error; if some of the text in it is read-only, it signals a
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
550 @code{text-read-only} error. Otherwise, it deletes the text without
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
551 asking for any confirmation. It returns @code{nil}.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
552
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
553 Normally, deleting a large amount of text from a buffer inhibits further
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
554 auto-saving of that buffer ``because it has shrunk''. However,
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
555 @code{erase-buffer} does not do this, the idea being that the future
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
556 text is not really related to the former text, and its size should not
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
557 be compared with that of the former text.
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
558 @end deffn
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
559
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
560 @deffn Command delete-region start end
27654
cabb1b4c4424 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27374
diff changeset
561 This command deletes the text between positions @var{start} and
cabb1b4c4424 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27374
diff changeset
562 @var{end} in the current buffer, and returns @code{nil}. If point was
cabb1b4c4424 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27374
diff changeset
563 inside the deleted region, its value afterward is @var{start}.
12775
a8cd9be43025 Explain how delete-region alters point.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12282
diff changeset
564 Otherwise, point relocates with the surrounding text, as markers do.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
565 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
566
27654
cabb1b4c4424 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27374
diff changeset
567 @defun delete-and-extract-region start end
cabb1b4c4424 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27374
diff changeset
568 @tindex delete-and-extract-region
cabb1b4c4424 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27374
diff changeset
569 This function deletes the text between positions @var{start} and
cabb1b4c4424 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27374
diff changeset
570 @var{end} in the current buffer, and returns a string containing the
cabb1b4c4424 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27374
diff changeset
571 text just deleted.
cabb1b4c4424 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27374
diff changeset
572
cabb1b4c4424 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27374
diff changeset
573 If point was inside the deleted region, its value afterward is
cabb1b4c4424 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27374
diff changeset
574 @var{start}. Otherwise, point relocates with the surrounding text, as
cabb1b4c4424 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27374
diff changeset
575 markers do.
cabb1b4c4424 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27374
diff changeset
576 @end defun
cabb1b4c4424 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27374
diff changeset
577
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
578 @deffn Command delete-char count &optional killp
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
579 This command deletes @var{count} characters directly after point, or
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
580 before point if @var{count} is negative. If @var{killp} is
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
581 non-@code{nil}, then it saves the deleted characters in the kill ring.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
582
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
583 In an interactive call, @var{count} is the numeric prefix argument, and
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
584 @var{killp} is the unprocessed prefix argument. Therefore, if a prefix
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
585 argument is supplied, the text is saved in the kill ring. If no prefix
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
586 argument is supplied, then one character is deleted, but not saved in
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
587 the kill ring.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
588
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
589 The value returned is always @code{nil}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
590 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
591
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
592 @deffn Command delete-backward-char count &optional killp
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
593 @cindex delete previous char
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
594 This command deletes @var{count} characters directly before point, or
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
595 after point if @var{count} is negative. If @var{killp} is
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
596 non-@code{nil}, then it saves the deleted characters in the kill ring.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
597
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
598 In an interactive call, @var{count} is the numeric prefix argument, and
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
599 @var{killp} is the unprocessed prefix argument. Therefore, if a prefix
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
600 argument is supplied, the text is saved in the kill ring. If no prefix
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
601 argument is supplied, then one character is deleted, but not saved in
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
602 the kill ring.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
603
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
604 The value returned is always @code{nil}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
605 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
606
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
607 @deffn Command backward-delete-char-untabify count &optional killp
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
608 @cindex tab deletion
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
609 This command deletes @var{count} characters backward, changing tabs
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
610 into spaces. When the next character to be deleted is a tab, it is
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
611 first replaced with the proper number of spaces to preserve alignment
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
612 and then one of those spaces is deleted instead of the tab. If
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
613 @var{killp} is non-@code{nil}, then the command saves the deleted
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
614 characters in the kill ring.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
615
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
616 Conversion of tabs to spaces happens only if @var{count} is positive.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
617 If it is negative, exactly @minus{}@var{count} characters after point
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
618 are deleted.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
619
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
620 In an interactive call, @var{count} is the numeric prefix argument, and
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
621 @var{killp} is the unprocessed prefix argument. Therefore, if a prefix
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
622 argument is supplied, the text is saved in the kill ring. If no prefix
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
623 argument is supplied, then one character is deleted, but not saved in
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parents:
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624 the kill ring.
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parents:
diff changeset
625
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626 The value returned is always @code{nil}.
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diff changeset
627 @end deffn
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diff changeset
628
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parents: 21682
diff changeset
629 @defopt backward-delete-char-untabify-method
21682
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
630 This option specifies how @code{backward-delete-char-untabify} should
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
631 deal with whitespace. Possible values include @code{untabify}, the
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
632 default, meaning convert a tab to many spaces and delete one;
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parents: 54041
diff changeset
633 @code{hungry}, meaning delete all tabs and spaces before point with
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
634 one command; @code{all} meaning delete all tabs, spaces and newlines
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
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parents: 54041
diff changeset
635 before point, and @code{nil}, meaning do nothing special for
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
636 whitespace characters.
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 21007
diff changeset
637 @end defopt
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 21007
diff changeset
638
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639 @node User-Level Deletion
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parents:
diff changeset
640 @section User-Level Deletion Commands
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parents:
diff changeset
641
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diff changeset
642 This section describes higher-level commands for deleting text,
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
643 commands intended primarily for the user but useful also in Lisp
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parents:
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644 programs.
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parents:
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645
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Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
646 @deffn Command delete-horizontal-space &optional backward-only
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
647 @cindex deleting whitespace
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
648 This function deletes all spaces and tabs around point. It returns
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
649 @code{nil}.
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parents:
diff changeset
650
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836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
651 If @var{backward-only} is non-@code{nil}, the function deletes
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
652 spaces and tabs before point, but not after point.
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
653
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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diff changeset
654 In the following examples, we call @code{delete-horizontal-space} four
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
655 times, once on each line, with point between the second and third
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
656 characters on the line each time.
6558
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parents:
diff changeset
657
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diff changeset
658 @example
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659 @group
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parents:
diff changeset
660 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
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parents:
diff changeset
661 I @point{}thought
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parents:
diff changeset
662 I @point{} thought
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parents:
diff changeset
663 We@point{} thought
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
664 Yo@point{}u thought
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
665 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
666 @end group
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parents:
diff changeset
667
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parents:
diff changeset
668 @group
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parents:
diff changeset
669 (delete-horizontal-space) ; @r{Four times.}
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parents:
diff changeset
670 @result{} nil
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
671
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
672 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
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parents:
diff changeset
673 Ithought
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parents:
diff changeset
674 Ithought
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parents:
diff changeset
675 Wethought
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parents:
diff changeset
676 You thought
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parents:
diff changeset
677 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
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parents:
diff changeset
678 @end group
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
679 @end example
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
680 @end deffn
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parents:
diff changeset
681
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 49184
diff changeset
682 @deffn Command delete-indentation &optional join-following-p
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
683 This function joins the line point is on to the previous line, deleting
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
684 any whitespace at the join and in some cases replacing it with one
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
685 space. If @var{join-following-p} is non-@code{nil},
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
686 @code{delete-indentation} joins this line to the following line
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
687 instead. The function returns @code{nil}.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
688
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
689 If there is a fill prefix, and the second of the lines being joined
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
690 starts with the prefix, then @code{delete-indentation} deletes the
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
691 fill prefix before joining the lines. @xref{Margins}.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
692
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
693 In the example below, point is located on the line starting
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
694 @samp{events}, and it makes no difference if there are trailing spaces
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
695 in the preceding line.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
696
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
697 @smallexample
7735
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
698 @group
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
699 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
700 When in the course of human
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
701 @point{} events, it becomes necessary
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
702 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
7735
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
703 @end group
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
704
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
705 (delete-indentation)
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
706 @result{} nil
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
707
7735
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
708 @group
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
709 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
710 When in the course of human@point{} events, it becomes necessary
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
711 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
7735
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
712 @end group
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
713 @end smallexample
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
714
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
715 After the lines are joined, the function @code{fixup-whitespace} is
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
716 responsible for deciding whether to leave a space at the junction.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
717 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
718
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
719 @deffn Command fixup-whitespace
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
720 This function replaces all the horizontal whitespace surrounding point
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
721 with either one space or no space, according to the context. It
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
722 returns @code{nil}.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
723
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
724 At the beginning or end of a line, the appropriate amount of space is
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
725 none. Before a character with close parenthesis syntax, or after a
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
726 character with open parenthesis or expression-prefix syntax, no space is
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
727 also appropriate. Otherwise, one space is appropriate. @xref{Syntax
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
728 Class Table}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
729
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
730 In the example below, @code{fixup-whitespace} is called the first time
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
731 with point before the word @samp{spaces} in the first line. For the
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
732 second invocation, point is directly after the @samp{(}.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
733
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
734 @smallexample
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
735 @group
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
736 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
737 This has too many @point{}spaces
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
738 This has too many spaces at the start of (@point{} this list)
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
739 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
740 @end group
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
741
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
742 @group
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
743 (fixup-whitespace)
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
744 @result{} nil
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
745 (fixup-whitespace)
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
746 @result{} nil
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
747 @end group
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
748
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
749 @group
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
750 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
751 This has too many spaces
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
752 This has too many spaces at the start of (this list)
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
753 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
754 @end group
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
755 @end smallexample
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
756 @end deffn
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
757
59880
8e65810e7f24 (User-Level Deletion): just-one-space takes numeric arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59838
diff changeset
758 @deffn Command just-one-space &optional n
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
759 @comment !!SourceFile simple.el
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
760 This command replaces any spaces and tabs around point with a single
59880
8e65810e7f24 (User-Level Deletion): just-one-space takes numeric arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59838
diff changeset
761 space, or @var{n} spaces if @var{n} is specified. It returns
8e65810e7f24 (User-Level Deletion): just-one-space takes numeric arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59838
diff changeset
762 @code{nil}.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
763 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
764
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
765 @deffn Command delete-blank-lines
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
766 This function deletes blank lines surrounding point. If point is on a
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
767 blank line with one or more blank lines before or after it, then all but
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
768 one of them are deleted. If point is on an isolated blank line, then it
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
769 is deleted. If point is on a nonblank line, the command deletes all
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
770 blank lines immediately following it.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
771
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
772 A blank line is defined as a line containing only tabs and spaces.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
773
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
774 @code{delete-blank-lines} returns @code{nil}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
775 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
776
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
777 @node The Kill Ring
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
778 @section The Kill Ring
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
779 @cindex kill ring
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
780
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
781 @dfn{Kill functions} delete text like the deletion functions, but save
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
782 it so that the user can reinsert it by @dfn{yanking}. Most of these
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
783 functions have @samp{kill-} in their name. By contrast, the functions
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
784 whose names start with @samp{delete-} normally do not save text for
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
785 yanking (though they can still be undone); these are ``deletion''
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
786 functions.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
787
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
788 Most of the kill commands are primarily for interactive use, and are
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
789 not described here. What we do describe are the functions provided for
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
790 use in writing such commands. You can use these functions to write
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
791 commands for killing text. When you need to delete text for internal
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
792 purposes within a Lisp function, you should normally use deletion
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
793 functions, so as not to disturb the kill ring contents.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
794 @xref{Deletion}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
795
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
796 Killed text is saved for later yanking in the @dfn{kill ring}. This
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
797 is a list that holds a number of recent kills, not just the last text
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
798 kill. We call this a ``ring'' because yanking treats it as having
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
799 elements in a cyclic order. The list is kept in the variable
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
800 @code{kill-ring}, and can be operated on with the usual functions for
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
801 lists; there are also specialized functions, described in this section,
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
802 that treat it as a ring.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
803
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
804 Some people think this use of the word ``kill'' is unfortunate, since
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
805 it refers to operations that specifically @emph{do not} destroy the
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
806 entities ``killed''. This is in sharp contrast to ordinary life, in
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
807 which death is permanent and ``killed'' entities do not come back to
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
808 life. Therefore, other metaphors have been proposed. For example, the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
809 term ``cut ring'' makes sense to people who, in pre-computer days, used
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
810 scissors and paste to cut up and rearrange manuscripts. However, it
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
811 would be difficult to change the terminology now.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
812
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
813 @menu
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
814 * Kill Ring Concepts:: What text looks like in the kill ring.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
815 * Kill Functions:: Functions that kill text.
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diff changeset
816 * Yanking:: How yanking is done.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
817 * Yank Commands:: Commands that access the kill ring.
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
818 * Low-Level Kill Ring:: Functions and variables for kill ring access.
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
819 * Internals of Kill Ring:: Variables that hold kill ring data.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
820 @end menu
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
821
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
822 @node Kill Ring Concepts
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
823 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
824 @subsection Kill Ring Concepts
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
825
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
826 The kill ring records killed text as strings in a list, most recent
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
827 first. A short kill ring, for example, might look like this:
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
828
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
829 @example
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
830 ("some text" "a different piece of text" "even older text")
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
831 @end example
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
832
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
833 @noindent
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
834 When the list reaches @code{kill-ring-max} entries in length, adding a
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
835 new entry automatically deletes the last entry.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
836
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
837 When kill commands are interwoven with other commands, each kill
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
838 command makes a new entry in the kill ring. Multiple kill commands in
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
839 succession build up a single kill ring entry, which would be yanked as a
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
840 unit; the second and subsequent consecutive kill commands add text to
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
841 the entry made by the first one.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
842
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
843 For yanking, one entry in the kill ring is designated the ``front'' of
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
844 the ring. Some yank commands ``rotate'' the ring by designating a
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
845 different element as the ``front.'' But this virtual rotation doesn't
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
846 change the list itself---the most recent entry always comes first in the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
847 list.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
848
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
849 @node Kill Functions
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
850 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
851 @subsection Functions for Killing
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
852
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
853 @code{kill-region} is the usual subroutine for killing text. Any
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
854 command that calls this function is a ``kill command'' (and should
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
855 probably have @samp{kill} in its name). @code{kill-region} puts the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
856 newly killed text in a new element at the beginning of the kill ring or
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
857 adds it to the most recent element. It determines automatically (using
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
858 @code{last-command}) whether the previous command was a kill command,
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
859 and if so appends the killed text to the most recent entry.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
860
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
861 @deffn Command kill-region start end &optional yank-handler
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
862 This function kills the text in the region defined by @var{start} and
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
863 @var{end}. The text is deleted but saved in the kill ring, along with
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
864 its text properties. The value is always @code{nil}.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
865
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
866 In an interactive call, @var{start} and @var{end} are point and
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
867 the mark.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
868
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
869 @c Emacs 19 feature
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
870 If the buffer or text is read-only, @code{kill-region} modifies the kill
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
871 ring just the same, then signals an error without modifying the buffer.
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
872 This is convenient because it lets the user use a series of kill
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
873 commands to copy text from a read-only buffer into the kill ring.
52192
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
874
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
875 If @var{yank-handler} is non-@code{nil}, this puts that value onto
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
876 the string of killed text, as a @code{yank-handler} text property.
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
877 @xref{Yanking}. Note that if @var{yank-handler} is @code{nil}, any
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
878 @code{yank-handler} properties present on the killed text are copied
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
879 onto the kill ring, like other text properties.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
880 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
881
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
882 @defopt kill-read-only-ok
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
883 If this option is non-@code{nil}, @code{kill-region} does not signal an
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
884 error if the buffer or text is read-only. Instead, it simply returns,
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
885 updating the kill ring but not changing the buffer.
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
886 @end defopt
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
887
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
888 @deffn Command copy-region-as-kill start end
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
889 This command saves the region defined by @var{start} and @var{end} on
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
890 the kill ring (including text properties), but does not delete the text
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
891 from the buffer. It returns @code{nil}.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
892
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
893 The command does not set @code{this-command} to @code{kill-region}, so a
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
894 subsequent kill command does not append to the same kill ring entry.
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
895
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
896 Don't call @code{copy-region-as-kill} in Lisp programs unless you aim to
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
897 support Emacs 18. For newer Emacs versions, it is better to use
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
898 @code{kill-new} or @code{kill-append} instead. @xref{Low-Level Kill
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
899 Ring}.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
900 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
901
52192
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
902 @node Yanking
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
903 @subsection Yanking
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
904
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
905 Yanking means inserting text from the kill ring, but it does
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
906 not insert the text blindly. Yank commands and some other commands
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
907 use @code{insert-for-yank} to perform special processing on the
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
908 text that they copy into the buffer.
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
909
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
910 @defun insert-for-yank string
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
911 This function normally works like @code{insert} except that it doesn't
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
912 insert the text properties in the @code{yank-excluded-properties}
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
913 list. However, if any part of @var{string} has a non-@code{nil}
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
914 @code{yank-handler} text property, that property can do various
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
915 special processing on that part of the text being inserted.
52192
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
916 @end defun
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
917
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
918 @defun insert-buffer-substring-as-yank buf &optional start end
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
919 This function resembles @code{insert-buffer-substring} except that it
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
920 doesn't insert the text properties in the
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
921 @code{yank-excluded-properties} list.
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
922 @end defun
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
923
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
924 You can put a @code{yank-handler} text property on all or part of
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
925 the text to control how it will be inserted if it is yanked. The
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
926 @code{insert-for-yank} function looks for that property. The property
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
927 value must be a list of one to four elements, with the following
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
928 format (where elements after the first may be omitted):
52192
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
929
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
930 @example
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
931 (@var{function} @var{param} @var{noexclude} @var{undo})
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
932 @end example
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
933
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
934 Here is what the elements do:
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
935
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
936 @table @var
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
937 @item function
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
938 When @var{function} is present and non-@code{nil}, it is called instead of
52192
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
939 @code{insert} to insert the string. @var{function} takes one
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
940 argument---the string to insert.
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
941
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
942 @item param
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
943 If @var{param} is present and non-@code{nil}, it replaces @var{string}
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
944 (or the part of @var{string} being processed) as the object passed to
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
945 @var{function} (or @code{insert}); for example, if @var{function} is
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
946 @code{yank-rectangle}, @var{param} should be a list of strings to
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
947 insert as a rectangle.
52192
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
948
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
949 @item noexclude
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
950 If @var{noexclude} is present and non-@code{nil}, the normal removal of the
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
951 yank-excluded-properties is not performed; instead @var{function} is
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
952 responsible for removing those properties. This may be necessary
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
953 if @var{function} adjusts point before or after inserting the object.
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
954
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
955 @item undo
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
956 If @var{undo} is present and non-@code{nil}, it is a function that will be
52192
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
957 called by @code{yank-pop} to undo the insertion of the current object.
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
958 It is called with two arguments, the start and end of the current
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
959 region. @var{function} can set @code{yank-undo-function} to override
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
960 the @var{undo} value.
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
961 @end table
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
962
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
963 @node Yank Commands
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
964 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
965 @subsection Functions for Yanking
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
966
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
967 @dfn{Yanking} means reinserting an entry of previously killed text
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
968 from the kill ring. The text properties are copied too.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
969
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
970 @deffn Command yank &optional arg
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
971 @cindex inserting killed text
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
972 This command inserts before point the text at the front of the
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
973 kill ring. It positions the mark at the beginning of that text, and
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
974 point at the end.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
975
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
976 If @var{arg} is a non-@code{nil} list (which occurs interactively when
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
977 the user types @kbd{C-u} with no digits), then @code{yank} inserts the
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
978 text as described above, but puts point before the yanked text and
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
979 puts the mark after it.
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
980
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
981 If @var{arg} is a number, then @code{yank} inserts the @var{arg}th
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
982 most recently killed text---the @var{arg}th element of the kill ring
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
983 list, counted cyclically from the front, which is considered the
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
984 first element for this purpose.
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
985
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
986 @code{yank} does not alter the contents of the kill ring, unless it
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
987 used text provided by another program, in which case it pushes that text
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
988 onto the kill ring. However if @var{arg} is an integer different from
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
989 one, it rotates the kill ring to place the yanked string at the front.
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
990
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
991 @code{yank} returns @code{nil}.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
992 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
993
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
994 @deffn Command yank-pop &optional arg
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
995 This command replaces the just-yanked entry from the kill ring with a
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
996 different entry from the kill ring.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
997
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
998 This is allowed only immediately after a @code{yank} or another
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
999 @code{yank-pop}. At such a time, the region contains text that was just
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1000 inserted by yanking. @code{yank-pop} deletes that text and inserts in
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1001 its place a different piece of killed text. It does not add the deleted
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1002 text to the kill ring, since it is already in the kill ring somewhere.
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1003 It does however rotate the kill ring to place the newly yanked string at
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1004 the front.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1005
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1006 If @var{arg} is @code{nil}, then the replacement text is the previous
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1007 element of the kill ring. If @var{arg} is numeric, the replacement is
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1008 the @var{arg}th previous kill. If @var{arg} is negative, a more recent
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1009 kill is the replacement.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1010
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1011 The sequence of kills in the kill ring wraps around, so that after the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1012 oldest one comes the newest one, and before the newest one goes the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1013 oldest.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1014
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
1015 The return value is always @code{nil}.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1016 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1017
52192
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
1018 @defvar yank-undo-function
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
1019 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, the function @code{yank-pop} uses
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
1020 its value instead of @code{delete-region} to delete the text
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
1021 inserted by the previous @code{yank} or
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1022 @code{yank-pop} command. The value must be a function of two
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1023 arguments, the start and end of the current region.
52192
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
1024
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
1025 The function @code{insert-for-yank} automatically sets this variable
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
1026 according to the @var{undo} element of the @code{yank-handler}
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
1027 text property, if there is one.
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
1028 @end defvar
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
1029
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1030 @node Low-Level Kill Ring
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1031 @subsection Low-Level Kill Ring
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1032
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1033 These functions and variables provide access to the kill ring at a
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1034 lower level, but still convenient for use in Lisp programs, because they
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1035 take care of interaction with window system selections
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1036 (@pxref{Window System Selections}).
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1037
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1038 @defun current-kill n &optional do-not-move
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
1039 The function @code{current-kill} rotates the yanking pointer, which
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
1040 designates the ``front'' of the kill ring, by @var{n} places (from newer
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1041 kills to older ones), and returns the text at that place in the ring.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1042
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1043 If the optional second argument @var{do-not-move} is non-@code{nil},
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1044 then @code{current-kill} doesn't alter the yanking pointer; it just
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1045 returns the @var{n}th kill, counting from the current yanking pointer.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1046
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1047 If @var{n} is zero, indicating a request for the latest kill,
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1048 @code{current-kill} calls the value of
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1049 @code{interprogram-paste-function} (documented below) before
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1050 consulting the kill ring. If that value is a function and calling it
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1051 returns a string, @code{current-kill} pushes that string onto the kill
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1052 ring and returns it. It also sets the yanking pointer to point to
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1053 that new entry, regardless of the value of @var{do-not-move}.
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1054 Otherwise, @code{current-kill} does not treat a zero value for @var{n}
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1055 specially: it returns the entry pointed at by the yanking pointer and
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1056 does not move the yanking pointer.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1057 @end defun
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1058
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1059 @defun kill-new string &optional replace yank-handler
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1060 This function pushes the text @var{string} onto the kill ring and
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1061 makes the yanking pointer point to it. It discards the oldest entry
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1062 if appropriate. It also invokes the value of
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1063 @code{interprogram-cut-function} (see below).
52192
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
1064
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1065 If @var{replace} is non-@code{nil}, then @code{kill-new} replaces the
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1066 first element of the kill ring with @var{string}, rather than pushing
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1067 @var{string} onto the kill ring.
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1068
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
1069 If @var{yank-handler} is non-@code{nil}, this puts that value onto
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
1070 the string of killed text, as a @code{yank-handler} property.
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1071 @xref{Yanking}. Note that if @var{yank-handler} is @code{nil}, then
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1072 @code{kill-new} copies any @code{yank-handler} properties present on
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1073 @var{string} onto the kill ring, as it does with other text properties.
6558
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diff changeset
1074 @end defun
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1075
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
1076 @defun kill-append string before-p &optional yank-handler
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1077 This function appends the text @var{string} to the first entry in the
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1078 kill ring and makes the yanking pointer point to the combined entry.
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1079 Normally @var{string} goes at the end of the entry, but if
6558
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parents:
diff changeset
1080 @var{before-p} is non-@code{nil}, it goes at the beginning. This
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1081 function also invokes the value of @code{interprogram-cut-function}
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1082 (see below). This handles @var{yank-handler} just like
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1083 @code{kill-new}, except that if @var{yank-handler} is different from
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1084 the @code{yank-handler} property of the first entry of the kill ring,
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1085 @code{kill-append} pushes the concatenated string onto the kill ring,
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1086 instead of replacing the original first entry with it.
6558
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parents:
diff changeset
1087 @end defun
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1088
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1089 @defvar interprogram-paste-function
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1090 This variable provides a way of transferring killed text from other
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1091 programs, when you are using a window system. Its value should be
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1092 @code{nil} or a function of no arguments.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1093
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1094 If the value is a function, @code{current-kill} calls it to get the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1095 ``most recent kill''. If the function returns a non-@code{nil} value,
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1096 then that value is used as the ``most recent kill''. If it returns
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
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parents: 54041
diff changeset
1097 @code{nil}, then the front of the kill ring is used.
6558
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parents:
diff changeset
1098
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 21007
diff changeset
1099 The normal use of this hook is to get the window system's primary
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1100 selection as the most recent kill, even if the selection belongs to
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1101 another application. @xref{Window System Selections}.
6558
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parents:
diff changeset
1102 @end defvar
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1103
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1104 @defvar interprogram-cut-function
8427
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parents: 7735
diff changeset
1105 This variable provides a way of communicating killed text to other
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1106 programs, when you are using a window system. Its value should be
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1107 @code{nil} or a function of one required and one optional argument.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1108
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1109 If the value is a function, @code{kill-new} and @code{kill-append} call
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1110 it with the new first element of the kill ring as the first argument.
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1111 The second, optional, argument has the same meaning as the @var{push}
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1112 argument to @code{x-set-cut-buffer} (@pxref{Definition of
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1113 x-set-cut-buffer}) and only affects the second and later cut buffers.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1114
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1115 The normal use of this hook is to set the window system's primary
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1116 selection (and first cut buffer) from the newly killed text.
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1117 @xref{Window System Selections}.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1118 @end defvar
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1119
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1120 @node Internals of Kill Ring
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1121 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1122 @subsection Internals of the Kill Ring
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1123
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1124 The variable @code{kill-ring} holds the kill ring contents, in the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1125 form of a list of strings. The most recent kill is always at the front
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 49184
diff changeset
1126 of the list.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1127
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1128 The @code{kill-ring-yank-pointer} variable points to a link in the
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1129 kill ring list, whose @sc{car} is the text to yank next. We say it
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1130 identifies the ``front'' of the ring. Moving
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1131 @code{kill-ring-yank-pointer} to a different link is called
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1132 @dfn{rotating the kill ring}. We call the kill ring a ``ring'' because
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1133 the functions that move the yank pointer wrap around from the end of the
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1134 list to the beginning, or vice-versa. Rotation of the kill ring is
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1135 virtual; it does not change the value of @code{kill-ring}.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1136
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1137 Both @code{kill-ring} and @code{kill-ring-yank-pointer} are Lisp
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1138 variables whose values are normally lists. The word ``pointer'' in the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1139 name of the @code{kill-ring-yank-pointer} indicates that the variable's
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1140 purpose is to identify one element of the list for use by the next yank
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1141 command.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1142
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1143 The value of @code{kill-ring-yank-pointer} is always @code{eq} to one
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1144 of the links in the kill ring list. The element it identifies is the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1145 @sc{car} of that link. Kill commands, which change the kill ring, also
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1146 set this variable to the value of @code{kill-ring}. The effect is to
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1147 rotate the ring so that the newly killed text is at the front.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1148
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1149 Here is a diagram that shows the variable @code{kill-ring-yank-pointer}
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1150 pointing to the second entry in the kill ring @code{("some text" "a
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 49184
diff changeset
1151 different piece of text" "yet older text")}.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1152
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1153 @example
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1154 @group
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1155 kill-ring ---- kill-ring-yank-pointer
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1156 | |
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1157 | v
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1158 | --- --- --- --- --- ---
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1159 --> | | |------> | | |--> | | |--> nil
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1160 --- --- --- --- --- ---
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 49184
diff changeset
1161 | | |
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 49184
diff changeset
1162 | | |
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 49184
diff changeset
1163 | | -->"yet older text"
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1164 | |
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 49184
diff changeset
1165 | --> "a different piece of text"
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1166 |
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1167 --> "some text"
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1168 @end group
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1169 @end example
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1170
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1171 @noindent
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1172 This state of affairs might occur after @kbd{C-y} (@code{yank})
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1173 immediately followed by @kbd{M-y} (@code{yank-pop}).
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1174
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1175 @defvar kill-ring
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1176 This variable holds the list of killed text sequences, most recently
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1177 killed first.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1178 @end defvar
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1179
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1180 @defvar kill-ring-yank-pointer
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1181 This variable's value indicates which element of the kill ring is at the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1182 ``front'' of the ring for yanking. More precisely, the value is a tail
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1183 of the value of @code{kill-ring}, and its @sc{car} is the kill string
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1184 that @kbd{C-y} should yank.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1185 @end defvar
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1186
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1187 @defopt kill-ring-max
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1188 The value of this variable is the maximum length to which the kill
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1189 ring can grow, before elements are thrown away at the end. The default
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1190 value for @code{kill-ring-max} is 60.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1191 @end defopt
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1192
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1193 @node Undo
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1194 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1195 @section Undo
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1196 @cindex redo
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1197
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 7735
diff changeset
1198 Most buffers have an @dfn{undo list}, which records all changes made
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 7735
diff changeset
1199 to the buffer's text so that they can be undone. (The buffers that
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1200 don't have one are usually special-purpose buffers for which Emacs
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1201 assumes that undoing is not useful.) All the primitives that modify the
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1202 text in the buffer automatically add elements to the front of the undo
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1203 list, which is in the variable @code{buffer-undo-list}.
6558
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parents:
diff changeset
1204
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1205 @defvar buffer-undo-list
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1206 This variable's value is the undo list of the current buffer.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1207 A value of @code{t} disables the recording of undo information.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1208 @end defvar
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1209
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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diff changeset
1210 Here are the kinds of elements an undo list can have:
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1211
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1212 @table @code
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1213 @item @var{position}
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1214 This kind of element records a previous value of point; undoing this
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1215 element moves point to @var{position}. Ordinary cursor motion does not
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1216 make any sort of undo record, but deletion operations use these entries
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1217 to record where point was before the command.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1218
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1219 @item (@var{beg} . @var{end})
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1220 This kind of element indicates how to delete text that was inserted.
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 49184
diff changeset
1221 Upon insertion, the text occupied the range @var{beg}--@var{end} in the
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1222 buffer.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1223
10364
981b97215c46 Fix buffer-undo-list.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 9980
diff changeset
1224 @item (@var{text} . @var{position})
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1225 This kind of element indicates how to reinsert text that was deleted.
10364
981b97215c46 Fix buffer-undo-list.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 9980
diff changeset
1226 The deleted text itself is the string @var{text}. The place to
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1227 reinsert it is @code{(abs @var{position})}. If @var{position} is
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1228 positive, point was at the beginning of the deleted text, otherwise it
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1229 was at the end.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1230
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1231 @item (t @var{high} . @var{low})
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1232 This kind of element indicates that an unmodified buffer became
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1233 modified. The elements @var{high} and @var{low} are two integers, each
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1234 recording 16 bits of the visited file's modification time as of when it
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1235 was previously visited or saved. @code{primitive-undo} uses those
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1236 values to determine whether to mark the buffer as unmodified once again;
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1237 it does so only if the file's modification time matches those numbers.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1238
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1239 @item (nil @var{property} @var{value} @var{beg} . @var{end})
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1240 This kind of element records a change in a text property.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1241 Here's how you might undo the change:
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1242
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1243 @example
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1244 (put-text-property @var{beg} @var{end} @var{property} @var{value})
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1245 @end example
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1246
59837
99a4ebcb02a2 (Undo) <buffer-undo-list>: Describe `apply' elements.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59770
diff changeset
1247 @item (apply @var{funname} . @var{args})
99a4ebcb02a2 (Undo) <buffer-undo-list>: Describe `apply' elements.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59770
diff changeset
1248 This kind of element records a change that can be undone by evaluating
99a4ebcb02a2 (Undo) <buffer-undo-list>: Describe `apply' elements.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59770
diff changeset
1249 (@code{apply} @var{funname} @var{args}).
99a4ebcb02a2 (Undo) <buffer-undo-list>: Describe `apply' elements.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59770
diff changeset
1250
99a4ebcb02a2 (Undo) <buffer-undo-list>: Describe `apply' elements.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59770
diff changeset
1251 @item (apply @var{delta} @var{beg} @var{end} @var{funname} . @var{args})
99a4ebcb02a2 (Undo) <buffer-undo-list>: Describe `apply' elements.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59770
diff changeset
1252 This kind of element records a change that can be undone by evaluating
99a4ebcb02a2 (Undo) <buffer-undo-list>: Describe `apply' elements.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59770
diff changeset
1253 (@code{apply} @var{funname} @var{args}). The integer values @var{beg}
99a4ebcb02a2 (Undo) <buffer-undo-list>: Describe `apply' elements.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59770
diff changeset
1254 and @var{end} is buffer positions of the range affected by this change
99a4ebcb02a2 (Undo) <buffer-undo-list>: Describe `apply' elements.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59770
diff changeset
1255 and @var{delta} is an integer value which is the number of bytes added
99a4ebcb02a2 (Undo) <buffer-undo-list>: Describe `apply' elements.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59770
diff changeset
1256 or deleted in that range by this change. This kind of element
59880
8e65810e7f24 (User-Level Deletion): just-one-space takes numeric arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59838
diff changeset
1257 enables undo limited to a region to determine whether the element
8e65810e7f24 (User-Level Deletion): just-one-space takes numeric arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59838
diff changeset
1258 pertains to that region.
59837
99a4ebcb02a2 (Undo) <buffer-undo-list>: Describe `apply' elements.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59770
diff changeset
1259
15760
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
1260 @item (@var{marker} . @var{adjustment})
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
1261 This kind of element records the fact that the marker @var{marker} was
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
1262 relocated due to deletion of surrounding text, and that it moved
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
1263 @var{adjustment} character positions. Undoing this element moves
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
1264 @var{marker} @minus{} @var{adjustment} characters.
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
1265
60687
fddbd6936582 (Undo): Document extensible undo entries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60679
diff changeset
1266 @item (apply @var{funname} . @var{args})
fddbd6936582 (Undo): Document extensible undo entries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60679
diff changeset
1267 This is an extensible undo item, which is undone by calling
fddbd6936582 (Undo): Document extensible undo entries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60679
diff changeset
1268 @var{funname} with arguments @var{args}.
fddbd6936582 (Undo): Document extensible undo entries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60679
diff changeset
1269
fddbd6936582 (Undo): Document extensible undo entries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60679
diff changeset
1270 @item (apply @var{delta} @var{beg} @var{end} @var{funname} . @var{args})
fddbd6936582 (Undo): Document extensible undo entries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60679
diff changeset
1271 This is an extensible undo item, which records a change limited to the
fddbd6936582 (Undo): Document extensible undo entries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60679
diff changeset
1272 range @var{beg} to @var{end}, which increased the size of the buffer
fddbd6936582 (Undo): Document extensible undo entries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60679
diff changeset
1273 by @var{delta}. It is undone by calling @var{funname} with arguments
fddbd6936582 (Undo): Document extensible undo entries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60679
diff changeset
1274 @var{args}.
fddbd6936582 (Undo): Document extensible undo entries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60679
diff changeset
1275
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1276 @item nil
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1277 This element is a boundary. The elements between two boundaries are
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1278 called a @dfn{change group}; normally, each change group corresponds to
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1279 one keyboard command, and undo commands normally undo an entire group as
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1280 a unit.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1281 @end table
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1282
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1283 @defun undo-boundary
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1284 This function places a boundary element in the undo list. The undo
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1285 command stops at such a boundary, and successive undo commands undo
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1286 to earlier and earlier boundaries. This function returns @code{nil}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1287
11555
4cc0a5e1bdac Explan when boundaries are made automatically.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 10364
diff changeset
1288 The editor command loop automatically creates an undo boundary before
4cc0a5e1bdac Explan when boundaries are made automatically.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 10364
diff changeset
1289 each key sequence is executed. Thus, each undo normally undoes the
4cc0a5e1bdac Explan when boundaries are made automatically.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 10364
diff changeset
1290 effects of one command. Self-inserting input characters are an
4cc0a5e1bdac Explan when boundaries are made automatically.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 10364
diff changeset
1291 exception. The command loop makes a boundary for the first such
4cc0a5e1bdac Explan when boundaries are made automatically.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 10364
diff changeset
1292 character; the next 19 consecutive self-inserting input characters do
4cc0a5e1bdac Explan when boundaries are made automatically.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 10364
diff changeset
1293 not make boundaries, and then the 20th does, and so on as long as
4cc0a5e1bdac Explan when boundaries are made automatically.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 10364
diff changeset
1294 self-inserting characters continue.
4cc0a5e1bdac Explan when boundaries are made automatically.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 10364
diff changeset
1295
4cc0a5e1bdac Explan when boundaries are made automatically.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 10364
diff changeset
1296 All buffer modifications add a boundary whenever the previous undoable
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
1297 change was made in some other buffer. This is to ensure that
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
1298 each command makes a boundary in each buffer where it makes changes.
11555
4cc0a5e1bdac Explan when boundaries are made automatically.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 10364
diff changeset
1299
4cc0a5e1bdac Explan when boundaries are made automatically.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 10364
diff changeset
1300 Calling this function explicitly is useful for splitting the effects of
4cc0a5e1bdac Explan when boundaries are made automatically.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 10364
diff changeset
1301 a command into more than one unit. For example, @code{query-replace}
4cc0a5e1bdac Explan when boundaries are made automatically.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 10364
diff changeset
1302 calls @code{undo-boundary} after each replacement, so that the user can
4cc0a5e1bdac Explan when boundaries are made automatically.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 10364
diff changeset
1303 undo individual replacements one by one.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1304 @end defun
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1305
58748
e347a194391a (Undo): Document undo-in-progress.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 57646
diff changeset
1306 @defvar undo-in-progress
e347a194391a (Undo): Document undo-in-progress.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 57646
diff changeset
1307 This variable is normally @code{nil}, but the undo commands bind it to
e347a194391a (Undo): Document undo-in-progress.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 57646
diff changeset
1308 @code{t}. This is so that various kinds of change hooks can tell when
e347a194391a (Undo): Document undo-in-progress.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 57646
diff changeset
1309 they're being called for the sake of undoing.
e347a194391a (Undo): Document undo-in-progress.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 57646
diff changeset
1310 @end defvar
e347a194391a (Undo): Document undo-in-progress.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 57646
diff changeset
1311
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1312 @defun primitive-undo count list
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1313 This is the basic function for undoing elements of an undo list.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1314 It undoes the first @var{count} elements of @var{list}, returning
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1315 the rest of @var{list}. You could write this function in Lisp,
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1316 but it is convenient to have it in C.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1317
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1318 @code{primitive-undo} adds elements to the buffer's undo list when it
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1319 changes the buffer. Undo commands avoid confusion by saving the undo
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1320 list value at the beginning of a sequence of undo operations. Then the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1321 undo operations use and update the saved value. The new elements added
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1322 by undoing are not part of this saved value, so they don't interfere with
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1323 continuing to undo.
58748
e347a194391a (Undo): Document undo-in-progress.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 57646
diff changeset
1324
e347a194391a (Undo): Document undo-in-progress.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 57646
diff changeset
1325 This function does not bind @code{undo-in-progress}.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1326 @end defun
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1327
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1328 @node Maintaining Undo
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1329 @section Maintaining Undo Lists
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1330
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1331 This section describes how to enable and disable undo information for
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1332 a given buffer. It also explains how the undo list is truncated
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1333 automatically so it doesn't get too big.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1334
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1335 Recording of undo information in a newly created buffer is normally
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1336 enabled to start with; but if the buffer name starts with a space, the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1337 undo recording is initially disabled. You can explicitly enable or
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1338 disable undo recording with the following two functions, or by setting
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1339 @code{buffer-undo-list} yourself.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1340
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1341 @deffn Command buffer-enable-undo &optional buffer-or-name
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1342 This command enables recording undo information for buffer
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1343 @var{buffer-or-name}, so that subsequent changes can be undone. If no
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1344 argument is supplied, then the current buffer is used. This function
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1345 does nothing if undo recording is already enabled in the buffer. It
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1346 returns @code{nil}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1347
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1348 In an interactive call, @var{buffer-or-name} is the current buffer.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1349 You cannot specify any other buffer.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1350 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1351
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1352 @deffn Command buffer-disable-undo &optional buffer-or-name
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1353 @cindex disable undo
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1354 This function discards the undo list of @var{buffer-or-name}, and disables
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1355 further recording of undo information. As a result, it is no longer
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1356 possible to undo either previous changes or any subsequent changes. If
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
1357 the undo list of @var{buffer-or-name} is already disabled, this function
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1358 has no effect.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1359
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
1360 This function returns @code{nil}.
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
1361 @end deffn
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1362
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1363 As editing continues, undo lists get longer and longer. To prevent
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1364 them from using up all available memory space, garbage collection trims
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1365 them back to size limits you can set. (For this purpose, the ``size''
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1366 of an undo list measures the cons cells that make up the list, plus the
59838
5e3ad3077141 (Maintaining Undo): Add `undo-outer-limit'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 59837
diff changeset
1367 strings of deleted text.) Three variables control the range of acceptable
5e3ad3077141 (Maintaining Undo): Add `undo-outer-limit'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 59837
diff changeset
1368 sizes: @code{undo-limit}, @code{undo-strong-limit} and
5e3ad3077141 (Maintaining Undo): Add `undo-outer-limit'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 59837
diff changeset
1369 @code{undo-outer-limit}.
5e3ad3077141 (Maintaining Undo): Add `undo-outer-limit'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 59837
diff changeset
1370
5e3ad3077141 (Maintaining Undo): Add `undo-outer-limit'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 59837
diff changeset
1371 @defopt undo-limit
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1372 This is the soft limit for the acceptable size of an undo list. The
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1373 change group at which this size is exceeded is the last one kept.
59838
5e3ad3077141 (Maintaining Undo): Add `undo-outer-limit'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 59837
diff changeset
1374 @end defopt
5e3ad3077141 (Maintaining Undo): Add `undo-outer-limit'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 59837
diff changeset
1375
5e3ad3077141 (Maintaining Undo): Add `undo-outer-limit'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 59837
diff changeset
1376 @defopt undo-strong-limit
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1377 This is the upper limit for the acceptable size of an undo list. The
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1378 change group at which this size is exceeded is discarded itself (along
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1379 with all older change groups). There is one exception: the very latest
59838
5e3ad3077141 (Maintaining Undo): Add `undo-outer-limit'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 59837
diff changeset
1380 change group is only discarded if it exceeds @code{undo-outer-limit}.
5e3ad3077141 (Maintaining Undo): Add `undo-outer-limit'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 59837
diff changeset
1381 @end defopt
5e3ad3077141 (Maintaining Undo): Add `undo-outer-limit'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 59837
diff changeset
1382
5e3ad3077141 (Maintaining Undo): Add `undo-outer-limit'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 59837
diff changeset
1383 @defopt undo-outer-limit
5e3ad3077141 (Maintaining Undo): Add `undo-outer-limit'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 59837
diff changeset
1384 If at garbage collection time the undo info for the current command
59880
8e65810e7f24 (User-Level Deletion): just-one-space takes numeric arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59838
diff changeset
1385 exceeds this limit, Emacs discards the info and displays a warning.
8e65810e7f24 (User-Level Deletion): just-one-space takes numeric arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59838
diff changeset
1386 This is a last ditch limit to prevent memory overflow.
59838
5e3ad3077141 (Maintaining Undo): Add `undo-outer-limit'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 59837
diff changeset
1387 @end defopt
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1388
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1389 @node Filling
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1390 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1391 @section Filling
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1392 @cindex filling, explicit
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1393
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1394 @dfn{Filling} means adjusting the lengths of lines (by moving the line
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1395 breaks) so that they are nearly (but no greater than) a specified
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1396 maximum width. Additionally, lines can be @dfn{justified}, which means
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1397 inserting spaces to make the left and/or right margins line up
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1398 precisely. The width is controlled by the variable @code{fill-column}.
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1399 For ease of reading, lines should be no longer than 70 or so columns.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1400
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1401 You can use Auto Fill mode (@pxref{Auto Filling}) to fill text
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1402 automatically as you insert it, but changes to existing text may leave
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1403 it improperly filled. Then you must fill the text explicitly.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1404
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1405 Most of the commands in this section return values that are not
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1406 meaningful. All the functions that do filling take note of the current
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1407 left margin, current right margin, and current justification style
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1408 (@pxref{Margins}). If the current justification style is
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1409 @code{none}, the filling functions don't actually do anything.
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1410
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1411 Several of the filling functions have an argument @var{justify}.
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1412 If it is non-@code{nil}, that requests some kind of justification. It
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1413 can be @code{left}, @code{right}, @code{full}, or @code{center}, to
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1414 request a specific style of justification. If it is @code{t}, that
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1415 means to use the current justification style for this part of the text
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1416 (see @code{current-justification}, below). Any other value is treated
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1417 as @code{full}.
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1418
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1419 When you call the filling functions interactively, using a prefix
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1420 argument implies the value @code{full} for @var{justify}.
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1421
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1422 @deffn Command fill-paragraph justify
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1423 @cindex filling a paragraph
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1424 This command fills the paragraph at or after point. If
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1425 @var{justify} is non-@code{nil}, each line is justified as well.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1426 It uses the ordinary paragraph motion commands to find paragraph
38581
9f3e1a8c8870 Fixing some typos.
Werner LEMBERG <wl@gnu.org>
parents: 34000
diff changeset
1427 boundaries. @xref{Paragraphs,,, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1428 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1429
25454
80ac191b6d2b *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 24951
diff changeset
1430 @deffn Command fill-region start end &optional justify nosqueeze to-eop
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1431 This command fills each of the paragraphs in the region from @var{start}
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1432 to @var{end}. It justifies as well if @var{justify} is
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1433 non-@code{nil}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1434
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1435 If @var{nosqueeze} is non-@code{nil}, that means to leave whitespace
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1436 other than line breaks untouched. If @var{to-eop} is non-@code{nil},
22267
dfac7398266b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22252
diff changeset
1437 that means to keep filling to the end of the paragraph---or the next hard
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1438 newline, if @code{use-hard-newlines} is enabled (see below).
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1439
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1440 The variable @code{paragraph-separate} controls how to distinguish
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1441 paragraphs. @xref{Standard Regexps}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1442 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1443
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
1444 @deffn Command fill-individual-paragraphs start end &optional justify citation-regexp
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1445 This command fills each paragraph in the region according to its
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1446 individual fill prefix. Thus, if the lines of a paragraph were indented
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1447 with spaces, the filled paragraph will remain indented in the same
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1448 fashion.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1449
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1450 The first two arguments, @var{start} and @var{end}, are the beginning
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1451 and end of the region to be filled. The third and fourth arguments,
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
1452 @var{justify} and @var{citation-regexp}, are optional. If
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1453 @var{justify} is non-@code{nil}, the paragraphs are justified as
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
1454 well as filled. If @var{citation-regexp} is non-@code{nil}, it means the
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1455 function is operating on a mail message and therefore should not fill
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
1456 the header lines. If @var{citation-regexp} is a string, it is used as
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
1457 a regular expression; if it matches the beginning of a line, that line
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
1458 is treated as a citation marker.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1459
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1460 Ordinarily, @code{fill-individual-paragraphs} regards each change in
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1461 indentation as starting a new paragraph. If
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1462 @code{fill-individual-varying-indent} is non-@code{nil}, then only
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1463 separator lines separate paragraphs. That mode can handle indented
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1464 paragraphs with additional indentation on the first line.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1465 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1466
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1467 @defopt fill-individual-varying-indent
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1468 This variable alters the action of @code{fill-individual-paragraphs} as
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1469 described above.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1470 @end defopt
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1471
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1472 @deffn Command fill-region-as-paragraph start end &optional justify nosqueeze squeeze-after
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
1473 This command considers a region of text as a single paragraph and fills
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
1474 it. If the region was made up of many paragraphs, the blank lines
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
1475 between paragraphs are removed. This function justifies as well as
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
1476 filling when @var{justify} is non-@code{nil}.
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1477
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1478 In an interactive call, any prefix argument requests justification.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1479
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1480 If @var{nosqueeze} is non-@code{nil}, that means to leave whitespace
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1481 other than line breaks untouched. If @var{squeeze-after} is
22267
dfac7398266b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22252
diff changeset
1482 non-@code{nil}, it specifies a position in the region, and means don't
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1483 canonicalize spaces before that position.
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1484
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1485 In Adaptive Fill mode, this command calls @code{fill-context-prefix} to
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1486 choose a fill prefix by default. @xref{Adaptive Fill}.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1487 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1488
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
1489 @deffn Command justify-current-line &optional how eop nosqueeze
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1490 This command inserts spaces between the words of the current line so
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1491 that the line ends exactly at @code{fill-column}. It returns
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1492 @code{nil}.
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1493
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1494 The argument @var{how}, if non-@code{nil} specifies explicitly the style
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1495 of justification. It can be @code{left}, @code{right}, @code{full},
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1496 @code{center}, or @code{none}. If it is @code{t}, that means to do
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1497 follow specified justification style (see @code{current-justification},
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1498 below). @code{nil} means to do full justification.
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1499
16736
981e116b4ac6 Minor cleanups for overfull hboxes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 16702
diff changeset
1500 If @var{eop} is non-@code{nil}, that means do left-justification if
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1501 @code{current-justification} specifies full justification. This is used
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1502 for the last line of a paragraph; even if the paragraph as a whole is
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1503 fully justified, the last line should not be.
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1504
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1505 If @var{nosqueeze} is non-@code{nil}, that means do not change interior
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1506 whitespace.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1507 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1508
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1509 @defopt default-justification
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1510 This variable's value specifies the style of justification to use for
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1511 text that doesn't specify a style with a text property. The possible
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1512 values are @code{left}, @code{right}, @code{full}, @code{center}, or
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1513 @code{none}. The default value is @code{left}.
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1514 @end defopt
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1515
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1516 @defun current-justification
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1517 This function returns the proper justification style to use for filling
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1518 the text around point.
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1519 @end defun
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1520
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1521 @defopt sentence-end-double-space
57402
c50e857202e2 (Filling): Add anchor for definition of `sentence-end-double-space'.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 57253
diff changeset
1522 @anchor{Definition of sentence-end-double-space}
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1523 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, a period followed by just one space
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1524 does not count as the end of a sentence, and the filling functions
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1525 avoid breaking the line at such a place.
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1526 @end defopt
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1527
60679
48eb1c71ba69 (Filling): Add sentence-end-without-period and sentence-end-without-space.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60456
diff changeset
1528 @defopt sentence-end-without-period
48eb1c71ba69 (Filling): Add sentence-end-without-period and sentence-end-without-space.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60456
diff changeset
1529 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, a sentence can end without a
48eb1c71ba69 (Filling): Add sentence-end-without-period and sentence-end-without-space.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60456
diff changeset
1530 period. This is used for languages like Thai, where sentences end
48eb1c71ba69 (Filling): Add sentence-end-without-period and sentence-end-without-space.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60456
diff changeset
1531 with a double space but without a period.
48eb1c71ba69 (Filling): Add sentence-end-without-period and sentence-end-without-space.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60456
diff changeset
1532 @end defopt
48eb1c71ba69 (Filling): Add sentence-end-without-period and sentence-end-without-space.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60456
diff changeset
1533
48eb1c71ba69 (Filling): Add sentence-end-without-period and sentence-end-without-space.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60456
diff changeset
1534 @defopt sentence-end-without-space
48eb1c71ba69 (Filling): Add sentence-end-without-period and sentence-end-without-space.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60456
diff changeset
1535 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, it should be a string of
48eb1c71ba69 (Filling): Add sentence-end-without-period and sentence-end-without-space.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60456
diff changeset
1536 characters that can end a sentence without following spaces.
48eb1c71ba69 (Filling): Add sentence-end-without-period and sentence-end-without-space.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60456
diff changeset
1537 @end defopt
48eb1c71ba69 (Filling): Add sentence-end-without-period and sentence-end-without-space.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60456
diff changeset
1538
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1539 @defvar fill-paragraph-function
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1540 This variable provides a way for major modes to override the filling of
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1541 paragraphs. If the value is non-@code{nil}, @code{fill-paragraph} calls
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1542 this function to do the work. If the function returns a non-@code{nil}
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1543 value, @code{fill-paragraph} assumes the job is done, and immediately
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1544 returns that value.
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1545
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1546 The usual use of this feature is to fill comments in programming
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1547 language modes. If the function needs to fill a paragraph in the usual
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1548 way, it can do so as follows:
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1549
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1550 @example
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1551 (let ((fill-paragraph-function nil))
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1552 (fill-paragraph arg))
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1553 @end example
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1554 @end defvar
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1555
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1556 @defvar use-hard-newlines
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1557 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, the filling functions do not delete
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1558 newlines that have the @code{hard} text property. These ``hard
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1559 newlines'' act as paragraph separators.
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1560 @end defvar
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1561
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1562 @node Margins
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1563 @section Margins for Filling
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1564
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1565 @defopt fill-prefix
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
1566 This buffer-local variable specifies a string of text that appears at
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
1567 the beginning
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1568 of normal text lines and should be disregarded when filling them. Any
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1569 line that fails to start with the fill prefix is considered the start of
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1570 a paragraph; so is any line that starts with the fill prefix followed by
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1571 additional whitespace. Lines that start with the fill prefix but no
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1572 additional whitespace are ordinary text lines that can be filled
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1573 together. The resulting filled lines also start with the fill prefix.
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1574
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1575 The fill prefix follows the left margin whitespace, if any.
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1576 @end defopt
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1577
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1578 @defopt fill-column
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
1579 This buffer-local variable specifies the maximum width of filled lines.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
1580 Its value should be an integer, which is a number of columns. All the
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
1581 filling, justification, and centering commands are affected by this
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
1582 variable, including Auto Fill mode (@pxref{Auto Filling}).
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1583
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1584 As a practical matter, if you are writing text for other people to
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1585 read, you should set @code{fill-column} to no more than 70. Otherwise
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1586 the line will be too long for people to read comfortably, and this can
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1587 make the text seem clumsy.
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1588 @end defopt
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1589
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1590 @defvar default-fill-column
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1591 The value of this variable is the default value for @code{fill-column} in
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1592 buffers that do not override it. This is the same as
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1593 @code{(default-value 'fill-column)}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1594
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1595 The default value for @code{default-fill-column} is 70.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1596 @end defvar
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1597
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1598 @deffn Command set-left-margin from to margin
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1599 This sets the @code{left-margin} property on the text from @var{from} to
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1600 @var{to} to the value @var{margin}. If Auto Fill mode is enabled, this
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1601 command also refills the region to fit the new margin.
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1602 @end deffn
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1603
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1604 @deffn Command set-right-margin from to margin
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1605 This sets the @code{right-margin} property on the text from @var{from}
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1606 to @var{to} to the value @var{margin}. If Auto Fill mode is enabled,
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1607 this command also refills the region to fit the new margin.
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1608 @end deffn
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1609
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1610 @defun current-left-margin
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1611 This function returns the proper left margin value to use for filling
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1612 the text around point. The value is the sum of the @code{left-margin}
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1613 property of the character at the start of the current line (or zero if
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1614 none), and the value of the variable @code{left-margin}.
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1615 @end defun
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1616
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1617 @defun current-fill-column
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1618 This function returns the proper fill column value to use for filling
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1619 the text around point. The value is the value of the @code{fill-column}
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1620 variable, minus the value of the @code{right-margin} property of the
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1621 character after point.
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1622 @end defun
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1623
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1624 @deffn Command move-to-left-margin &optional n force
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1625 This function moves point to the left margin of the current line. The
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1626 column moved to is determined by calling the function
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1627 @code{current-left-margin}. If the argument @var{n} is non-@code{nil},
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1628 @code{move-to-left-margin} moves forward @var{n}@minus{}1 lines first.
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1629
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1630 If @var{force} is non-@code{nil}, that says to fix the line's
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1631 indentation if that doesn't match the left margin value.
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1632 @end deffn
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1633
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
1634 @defun delete-to-left-margin &optional from to
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
1635 This function removes left margin indentation from the text between
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
1636 @var{from} and @var{to}. The amount of indentation to delete is
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
1637 determined by calling @code{current-left-margin}. In no case does this
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
1638 function delete non-whitespace. If @var{from} and @var{to} are omitted,
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
1639 they default to the whole buffer.
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1640 @end defun
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1641
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1642 @defun indent-to-left-margin
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1643 This is the default @code{indent-line-function}, used in Fundamental
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1644 mode, Text mode, etc. Its effect is to adjust the indentation at the
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1645 beginning of the current line to the value specified by the variable
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1646 @code{left-margin}. This may involve either inserting or deleting
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1647 whitespace.
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1648 @end defun
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1649
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1650 @defvar left-margin
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1651 This variable specifies the base left margin column. In Fundamental
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1652 mode, @kbd{C-j} indents to this column. This variable automatically
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1653 becomes buffer-local when set in any fashion.
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1654 @end defvar
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1655
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
1656 @defvar fill-nobreak-predicate
59945
e568af229081 (Margins): fill-nobreak-predicate can be one function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59933
diff changeset
1657 This variable gives major modes a way to specify not to break a line
e568af229081 (Margins): fill-nobreak-predicate can be one function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59933
diff changeset
1658 at certain places. Its value should be a list of functions, but a
e568af229081 (Margins): fill-nobreak-predicate can be one function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59933
diff changeset
1659 single function is also supported for compatibility. Whenever filling
e568af229081 (Margins): fill-nobreak-predicate can be one function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59933
diff changeset
1660 considers breaking the line at a certain place in the buffer, it calls
e568af229081 (Margins): fill-nobreak-predicate can be one function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59933
diff changeset
1661 each of these functions with no arguments and with point located at
e568af229081 (Margins): fill-nobreak-predicate can be one function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59933
diff changeset
1662 that place. If any of the functions returns non-@code{nil}, then the
e568af229081 (Margins): fill-nobreak-predicate can be one function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59933
diff changeset
1663 line won't be broken there.
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1664 @end defvar
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1665
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1666 @node Adaptive Fill
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1667 @section Adaptive Fill Mode
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1668 @cindex Adaptive Fill mode
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1669
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1670 Adaptive Fill mode chooses a fill prefix automatically from the text
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1671 in each paragraph being filled.
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1672
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1673 @defopt adaptive-fill-mode
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1674 Adaptive Fill mode is enabled when this variable is non-@code{nil}.
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1675 It is @code{t} by default.
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1676 @end defopt
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1677
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1678 @defun fill-context-prefix from to
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1679 This function implements the heart of Adaptive Fill mode; it chooses a
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1680 fill prefix based on the text between @var{from} and @var{to}. It does
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1681 this by looking at the first two lines of the paragraph, based on the
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1682 variables described below.
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
1683 @c The optional argument first-line-regexp is not documented
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
1684 @c because it exists for internal purposes and might be eliminated
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
1685 @c in the future.
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1686 @end defun
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1687
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1688 @defopt adaptive-fill-regexp
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1689 This variable holds a regular expression to control Adaptive Fill mode.
22267
dfac7398266b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22252
diff changeset
1690 Adaptive Fill mode matches this regular expression against the text
dfac7398266b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22252
diff changeset
1691 starting after the left margin whitespace (if any) on a line; the
dfac7398266b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22252
diff changeset
1692 characters it matches are that line's candidate for the fill prefix.
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1693 @end defopt
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1694
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1695 @defopt adaptive-fill-first-line-regexp
22267
dfac7398266b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22252
diff changeset
1696 In a one-line paragraph, if the candidate fill prefix matches this
dfac7398266b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22252
diff changeset
1697 regular expression, or if it matches @code{comment-start-skip}, then it
dfac7398266b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22252
diff changeset
1698 is used---otherwise, spaces amounting to the same width are used
dfac7398266b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22252
diff changeset
1699 instead.
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1700
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1701 However, the fill prefix is never taken from a one-line paragraph
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1702 if it would act as a paragraph starter on subsequent lines.
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1703 @end defopt
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1704
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1705 @defopt adaptive-fill-function
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1706 You can specify more complex ways of choosing a fill prefix
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1707 automatically by setting this variable to a function. The function is
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1708 called when @code{adaptive-fill-regexp} does not match, with point after
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1709 the left margin of a line, and it should return the appropriate fill
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1710 prefix based on that line. If it returns @code{nil}, that means it sees
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1711 no fill prefix in that line.
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1712 @end defopt
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1713
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1714 @node Auto Filling
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1715 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1716 @section Auto Filling
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1717 @cindex filling, automatic
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1718 @cindex Auto Fill mode
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1719
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1720 Auto Fill mode is a minor mode that fills lines automatically as text
12282
586e3ea81792 updates for version 19.29 made by melissa; also needed to check out files
Melissa Weisshaus <melissa@gnu.org>
parents: 12098
diff changeset
1721 is inserted. This section describes the hook used by Auto Fill mode.
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1722 For a description of functions that you can call explicitly to fill and
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
1723 justify existing text, see @ref{Filling}.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1724
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1725 Auto Fill mode also enables the functions that change the margins and
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1726 justification style to refill portions of the text. @xref{Margins}.
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1727
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1728 @defvar auto-fill-function
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
1729 The value of this variable should be a function (of no arguments) to be
28843
951c07315d97 auto-fill-chars
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27654
diff changeset
1730 called after self-inserting a character from the table
951c07315d97 auto-fill-chars
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27654
diff changeset
1731 @code{auto-fill-chars}. It may be @code{nil}, in which case nothing
951c07315d97 auto-fill-chars
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27654
diff changeset
1732 special is done in that case.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1733
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1734 The value of @code{auto-fill-function} is @code{do-auto-fill} when
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1735 Auto-Fill mode is enabled. That is a function whose sole purpose is to
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1736 implement the usual strategy for breaking a line.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1737
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1738 @quotation
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1739 In older Emacs versions, this variable was named @code{auto-fill-hook},
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1740 but since it is not called with the standard convention for hooks, it
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1741 was renamed to @code{auto-fill-function} in version 19.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1742 @end quotation
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1743 @end defvar
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1744
16702
7704b62dafa8 Add normal-auto-fill-function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 16398
diff changeset
1745 @defvar normal-auto-fill-function
7704b62dafa8 Add normal-auto-fill-function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 16398
diff changeset
1746 This variable specifies the function to use for
7704b62dafa8 Add normal-auto-fill-function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 16398
diff changeset
1747 @code{auto-fill-function}, if and when Auto Fill is turned on. Major
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1748 modes can set buffer-local values for this variable to alter how Auto
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1749 Fill works.
16702
7704b62dafa8 Add normal-auto-fill-function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 16398
diff changeset
1750 @end defvar
7704b62dafa8 Add normal-auto-fill-function.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 16398
diff changeset
1751
28843
951c07315d97 auto-fill-chars
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27654
diff changeset
1752 @defvar auto-fill-chars
951c07315d97 auto-fill-chars
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27654
diff changeset
1753 A char table of characters which invoke @code{auto-fill-function} when
951c07315d97 auto-fill-chars
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27654
diff changeset
1754 self-inserted---space and newline in most language environments. They
951c07315d97 auto-fill-chars
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27654
diff changeset
1755 have an entry @code{t} in the table.
951c07315d97 auto-fill-chars
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27654
diff changeset
1756 @end defvar
951c07315d97 auto-fill-chars
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27654
diff changeset
1757
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1758 @node Sorting
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1759 @section Sorting Text
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1760 @cindex sorting text
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1761
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1762 The sorting functions described in this section all rearrange text in
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1763 a buffer. This is in contrast to the function @code{sort}, which
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1764 rearranges the order of the elements of a list (@pxref{Rearrangement}).
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1765 The values returned by these functions are not meaningful.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1766
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1767 @defun sort-subr reverse nextrecfun endrecfun &optional startkeyfun endkeyfun
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
1768 This function is the general text-sorting routine that subdivides a
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
1769 buffer into records and then sorts them. Most of the commands in this
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
1770 section use this function.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1771
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1772 To understand how @code{sort-subr} works, consider the whole accessible
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1773 portion of the buffer as being divided into disjoint pieces called
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
1774 @dfn{sort records}. The records may or may not be contiguous, but they
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
1775 must not overlap. A portion of each sort record (perhaps all of it) is
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1776 designated as the sort key. Sorting rearranges the records in order by
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1777 their sort keys.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1778
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1779 Usually, the records are rearranged in order of ascending sort key.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1780 If the first argument to the @code{sort-subr} function, @var{reverse},
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1781 is non-@code{nil}, the sort records are rearranged in order of
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1782 descending sort key.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1783
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1784 The next four arguments to @code{sort-subr} are functions that are
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1785 called to move point across a sort record. They are called many times
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1786 from within @code{sort-subr}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1787
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1788 @enumerate
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1789 @item
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1790 @var{nextrecfun} is called with point at the end of a record. This
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1791 function moves point to the start of the next record. The first record
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1792 is assumed to start at the position of point when @code{sort-subr} is
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1793 called. Therefore, you should usually move point to the beginning of
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1794 the buffer before calling @code{sort-subr}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1795
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1796 This function can indicate there are no more sort records by leaving
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1797 point at the end of the buffer.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1798
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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1799 @item
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parents:
diff changeset
1800 @var{endrecfun} is called with point within a record. It moves point to
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parents:
diff changeset
1801 the end of the record.
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parents:
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1802
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diff changeset
1803 @item
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parents:
diff changeset
1804 @var{startkeyfun} is called to move point from the start of a record to
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parents:
diff changeset
1805 the start of the sort key. This argument is optional; if it is omitted,
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parents:
diff changeset
1806 the whole record is the sort key. If supplied, the function should
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parents:
diff changeset
1807 either return a non-@code{nil} value to be used as the sort key, or
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1808 return @code{nil} to indicate that the sort key is in the buffer
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1809 starting at point. In the latter case, @var{endkeyfun} is called to
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1810 find the end of the sort key.
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parents:
diff changeset
1811
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parents:
diff changeset
1812 @item
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parents:
diff changeset
1813 @var{endkeyfun} is called to move point from the start of the sort key
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parents:
diff changeset
1814 to the end of the sort key. This argument is optional. If
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parents:
diff changeset
1815 @var{startkeyfun} returns @code{nil} and this argument is omitted (or
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parents:
diff changeset
1816 @code{nil}), then the sort key extends to the end of the record. There
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parents:
diff changeset
1817 is no need for @var{endkeyfun} if @var{startkeyfun} returns a
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parents:
diff changeset
1818 non-@code{nil} value.
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parents:
diff changeset
1819 @end enumerate
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parents:
diff changeset
1820
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parents:
diff changeset
1821 As an example of @code{sort-subr}, here is the complete function
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parents:
diff changeset
1822 definition for @code{sort-lines}:
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1823
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diff changeset
1824 @example
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parents:
diff changeset
1825 @group
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parents:
diff changeset
1826 ;; @r{Note that the first two lines of doc string}
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parents:
diff changeset
1827 ;; @r{are effectively one line when viewed by a user.}
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parents:
diff changeset
1828 (defun sort-lines (reverse beg end)
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 19467
diff changeset
1829 "Sort lines in region alphabetically;\
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 19467
diff changeset
1830 argument means descending order.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1831 Called from a program, there are three arguments:
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parents:
diff changeset
1832 @end group
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parents:
diff changeset
1833 @group
21007
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parents: 19467
diff changeset
1834 REVERSE (non-nil means reverse order),\
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
1835 BEG and END (region to sort).
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
1836 The variable `sort-fold-case' determines\
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
1837 whether alphabetic case affects
54480
8c72fab9eb5a (Sorting): Add missing quote.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 54120
diff changeset
1838 the sort order."
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 19467
diff changeset
1839 @end group
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 19467
diff changeset
1840 @group
6558
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parents:
diff changeset
1841 (interactive "P\nr")
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
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parents: 22138
diff changeset
1842 (save-excursion
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parents: 22138
diff changeset
1843 (save-restriction
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
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parents: 22138
diff changeset
1844 (narrow-to-region beg end)
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1845 (goto-char (point-min))
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1846 (sort-subr reverse 'forward-line 'end-of-line))))
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1847 @end group
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1848 @end example
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1849
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1850 Here @code{forward-line} moves point to the start of the next record,
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1851 and @code{end-of-line} moves point to the end of record. We do not pass
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1852 the arguments @var{startkeyfun} and @var{endkeyfun}, because the entire
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1853 record is used as the sort key.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1854
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1855 The @code{sort-paragraphs} function is very much the same, except that
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1856 its @code{sort-subr} call looks like this:
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1857
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1858 @example
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1859 @group
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1860 (sort-subr reverse
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1861 (function
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1862 (lambda ()
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1863 (while (and (not (eobp))
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1864 (looking-at paragraph-separate))
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1865 (forward-line 1))))
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1866 'forward-paragraph)
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1867 @end group
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1868 @end example
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
1869
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
1870 Markers pointing into any sort records are left with no useful
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
1871 position after @code{sort-subr} returns.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1872 @end defun
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1873
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1874 @defopt sort-fold-case
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1875 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, @code{sort-subr} and the other
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1876 buffer sorting functions ignore case when comparing strings.
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1877 @end defopt
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1878
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1879 @deffn Command sort-regexp-fields reverse record-regexp key-regexp start end
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1880 This command sorts the region between @var{start} and @var{end}
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1881 alphabetically as specified by @var{record-regexp} and @var{key-regexp}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1882 If @var{reverse} is a negative integer, then sorting is in reverse
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1883 order.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1884
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1885 Alphabetical sorting means that two sort keys are compared by
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1886 comparing the first characters of each, the second characters of each,
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1887 and so on. If a mismatch is found, it means that the sort keys are
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1888 unequal; the sort key whose character is less at the point of first
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1889 mismatch is the lesser sort key. The individual characters are compared
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
1890 according to their numerical character codes in the Emacs character set.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1891
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1892 The value of the @var{record-regexp} argument specifies how to divide
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1893 the buffer into sort records. At the end of each record, a search is
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
1894 done for this regular expression, and the text that matches it is taken
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
1895 as the next record. For example, the regular expression @samp{^.+$},
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
1896 which matches lines with at least one character besides a newline, would
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
1897 make each such line into a sort record. @xref{Regular Expressions}, for
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
1898 a description of the syntax and meaning of regular expressions.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1899
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1900 The value of the @var{key-regexp} argument specifies what part of each
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1901 record is the sort key. The @var{key-regexp} could match the whole
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1902 record, or only a part. In the latter case, the rest of the record has
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1903 no effect on the sorted order of records, but it is carried along when
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1904 the record moves to its new position.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1905
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1906 The @var{key-regexp} argument can refer to the text matched by a
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1907 subexpression of @var{record-regexp}, or it can be a regular expression
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1908 on its own.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1909
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1910 If @var{key-regexp} is:
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1911
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1912 @table @asis
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1913 @item @samp{\@var{digit}}
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1914 then the text matched by the @var{digit}th @samp{\(...\)} parenthesis
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1915 grouping in @var{record-regexp} is the sort key.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1916
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1917 @item @samp{\&}
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1918 then the whole record is the sort key.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1919
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1920 @item a regular expression
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1921 then @code{sort-regexp-fields} searches for a match for the regular
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1922 expression within the record. If such a match is found, it is the sort
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1923 key. If there is no match for @var{key-regexp} within a record then
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1924 that record is ignored, which means its position in the buffer is not
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1925 changed. (The other records may move around it.)
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1926 @end table
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1927
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1928 For example, if you plan to sort all the lines in the region by the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1929 first word on each line starting with the letter @samp{f}, you should
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1930 set @var{record-regexp} to @samp{^.*$} and set @var{key-regexp} to
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1931 @samp{\<f\w*\>}. The resulting expression looks like this:
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1932
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1933 @example
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1934 @group
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1935 (sort-regexp-fields nil "^.*$" "\\<f\\w*\\>"
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1936 (region-beginning)
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1937 (region-end))
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1938 @end group
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1939 @end example
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1940
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1941 If you call @code{sort-regexp-fields} interactively, it prompts for
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1942 @var{record-regexp} and @var{key-regexp} in the minibuffer.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1943 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1944
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1945 @deffn Command sort-lines reverse start end
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1946 This command alphabetically sorts lines in the region between
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1947 @var{start} and @var{end}. If @var{reverse} is non-@code{nil}, the sort
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1948 is in reverse order.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1949 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1950
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1951 @deffn Command sort-paragraphs reverse start end
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1952 This command alphabetically sorts paragraphs in the region between
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1953 @var{start} and @var{end}. If @var{reverse} is non-@code{nil}, the sort
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1954 is in reverse order.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1955 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1956
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1957 @deffn Command sort-pages reverse start end
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1958 This command alphabetically sorts pages in the region between
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1959 @var{start} and @var{end}. If @var{reverse} is non-@code{nil}, the sort
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1960 is in reverse order.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1961 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1962
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1963 @deffn Command sort-fields field start end
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1964 This command sorts lines in the region between @var{start} and
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1965 @var{end}, comparing them alphabetically by the @var{field}th field
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1966 of each line. Fields are separated by whitespace and numbered starting
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1967 from 1. If @var{field} is negative, sorting is by the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1968 @w{@minus{}@var{field}th} field from the end of the line. This command
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1969 is useful for sorting tables.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1970 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1971
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1972 @deffn Command sort-numeric-fields field start end
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1973 This command sorts lines in the region between @var{start} and
59880
8e65810e7f24 (User-Level Deletion): just-one-space takes numeric arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59838
diff changeset
1974 @var{end}, comparing them numerically by the @var{field}th field of
8e65810e7f24 (User-Level Deletion): just-one-space takes numeric arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59838
diff changeset
1975 each line. Fields are separated by whitespace and numbered starting
8e65810e7f24 (User-Level Deletion): just-one-space takes numeric arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59838
diff changeset
1976 from 1. The specified field must contain a number in each line of the
8e65810e7f24 (User-Level Deletion): just-one-space takes numeric arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59838
diff changeset
1977 region. Numbers starting with 0 are treated as octal, and numbers
8e65810e7f24 (User-Level Deletion): just-one-space takes numeric arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59838
diff changeset
1978 starting with @samp{0x} are treated as hexadecimal.
8e65810e7f24 (User-Level Deletion): just-one-space takes numeric arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59838
diff changeset
1979
8e65810e7f24 (User-Level Deletion): just-one-space takes numeric arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59838
diff changeset
1980 If @var{field} is negative, sorting is by the
8e65810e7f24 (User-Level Deletion): just-one-space takes numeric arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59838
diff changeset
1981 @w{@minus{}@var{field}th} field from the end of the line. This
8e65810e7f24 (User-Level Deletion): just-one-space takes numeric arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59838
diff changeset
1982 command is useful for sorting tables.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1983 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1984
59880
8e65810e7f24 (User-Level Deletion): just-one-space takes numeric arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59838
diff changeset
1985 @defopt sort-numeric-base
8e65810e7f24 (User-Level Deletion): just-one-space takes numeric arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59838
diff changeset
1986 This variable specifies the default radix for
8e65810e7f24 (User-Level Deletion): just-one-space takes numeric arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59838
diff changeset
1987 @code{sort-numeric-fields} to parse numbers.
8e65810e7f24 (User-Level Deletion): just-one-space takes numeric arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59838
diff changeset
1988 @end defopt
8e65810e7f24 (User-Level Deletion): just-one-space takes numeric arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59838
diff changeset
1989
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1990 @deffn Command sort-columns reverse &optional beg end
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1991 This command sorts the lines in the region between @var{beg} and
59880
8e65810e7f24 (User-Level Deletion): just-one-space takes numeric arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59838
diff changeset
1992 @var{end}, comparing them alphabetically by a certain range of
8e65810e7f24 (User-Level Deletion): just-one-space takes numeric arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59838
diff changeset
1993 columns. The column positions of @var{beg} and @var{end} bound the
8e65810e7f24 (User-Level Deletion): just-one-space takes numeric arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59838
diff changeset
1994 range of columns to sort on.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1995
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1996 If @var{reverse} is non-@code{nil}, the sort is in reverse order.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1997
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1998 One unusual thing about this command is that the entire line
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1999 containing position @var{beg}, and the entire line containing position
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2000 @var{end}, are included in the region sorted.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2001
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2002 Note that @code{sort-columns} uses the @code{sort} utility program,
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2003 and so cannot work properly on text containing tab characters. Use
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2004 @kbd{M-x untabify} to convert tabs to spaces before sorting.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2005 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2006
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2007 @node Columns
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2008 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2009 @section Counting Columns
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2010 @cindex columns
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2011 @cindex counting columns
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2012 @cindex horizontal position
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2013
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2014 The column functions convert between a character position (counting
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2015 characters from the beginning of the buffer) and a column position
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2016 (counting screen characters from the beginning of a line).
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2017
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2018 These functions count each character according to the number of
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2019 columns it occupies on the screen. This means control characters count
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2020 as occupying 2 or 4 columns, depending upon the value of
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2021 @code{ctl-arrow}, and tabs count as occupying a number of columns that
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2022 depends on the value of @code{tab-width} and on the column where the tab
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2023 begins. @xref{Usual Display}.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2024
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2025 Column number computations ignore the width of the window and the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2026 amount of horizontal scrolling. Consequently, a column value can be
53435
0f3abb6bbf27 (Examining Properties): Add get-char-property-and-overlay.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
2027 arbitrarily high. The first (or leftmost) column is numbered 0. They
0f3abb6bbf27 (Examining Properties): Add get-char-property-and-overlay.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
2028 also ignore overlays and text properties, aside from invisibility.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2029
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2030 @defun current-column
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2031 This function returns the horizontal position of point, measured in
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2032 columns, counting from 0 at the left margin. The column position is the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2033 sum of the widths of all the displayed representations of the characters
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2034 between the start of the current line and point.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2035
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2036 For an example of using @code{current-column}, see the description of
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2037 @code{count-lines} in @ref{Text Lines}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2038 @end defun
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2039
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2040 @defun move-to-column column &optional force
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2041 This function moves point to @var{column} in the current line. The
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2042 calculation of @var{column} takes into account the widths of the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2043 displayed representations of the characters between the start of the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2044 line and point.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2045
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2046 If column @var{column} is beyond the end of the line, point moves to the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2047 end of the line. If @var{column} is negative, point moves to the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2048 beginning of the line.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2049
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2050 If it is impossible to move to column @var{column} because that is in
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2051 the middle of a multicolumn character such as a tab, point moves to the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2052 end of that character. However, if @var{force} is non-@code{nil}, and
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2053 @var{column} is in the middle of a tab, then @code{move-to-column}
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2054 converts the tab into spaces so that it can move precisely to column
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2055 @var{column}. Other multicolumn characters can cause anomalies despite
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2056 @var{force}, since there is no way to split them.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2057
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2058 The argument @var{force} also has an effect if the line isn't long
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2059 enough to reach column @var{column}; if it is @code{t}, that means to
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2060 add whitespace at the end of the line to reach that column.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2061
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2062 If @var{column} is not an integer, an error is signaled.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2063
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2064 The return value is the column number actually moved to.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2065 @end defun
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2066
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2067 @node Indentation
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2068 @section Indentation
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2069 @cindex indentation
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2070
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2071 The indentation functions are used to examine, move to, and change
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2072 whitespace that is at the beginning of a line. Some of the functions
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2073 can also change whitespace elsewhere on a line. Columns and indentation
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2074 count from zero at the left margin.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2075
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2076 @menu
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2077 * Primitive Indent:: Functions used to count and insert indentation.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2078 * Mode-Specific Indent:: Customize indentation for different modes.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2079 * Region Indent:: Indent all the lines in a region.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2080 * Relative Indent:: Indent the current line based on previous lines.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2081 * Indent Tabs:: Adjustable, typewriter-like tab stops.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2082 * Motion by Indent:: Move to first non-blank character.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2083 @end menu
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2084
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2085 @node Primitive Indent
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2086 @subsection Indentation Primitives
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2087
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2088 This section describes the primitive functions used to count and
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2089 insert indentation. The functions in the following sections use these
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2090 primitives. @xref{Width}, for related functions.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2091
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2092 @defun current-indentation
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2093 @comment !!Type Primitive Function
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2094 @comment !!SourceFile indent.c
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2095 This function returns the indentation of the current line, which is
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2096 the horizontal position of the first nonblank character. If the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2097 contents are entirely blank, then this is the horizontal position of the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2098 end of the line.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2099 @end defun
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2100
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2101 @deffn Command indent-to column &optional minimum
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2102 @comment !!Type Primitive Function
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2103 @comment !!SourceFile indent.c
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2104 This function indents from point with tabs and spaces until @var{column}
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2105 is reached. If @var{minimum} is specified and non-@code{nil}, then at
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2106 least that many spaces are inserted even if this requires going beyond
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2107 @var{column}. Otherwise the function does nothing if point is already
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2108 beyond @var{column}. The value is the column at which the inserted
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2109 indentation ends.
8644
ebda9d1e7d48 entered into RCS
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8427
diff changeset
2110
ebda9d1e7d48 entered into RCS
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8427
diff changeset
2111 The inserted whitespace characters inherit text properties from the
ebda9d1e7d48 entered into RCS
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8427
diff changeset
2112 surrounding text (usually, from the preceding text only). @xref{Sticky
ebda9d1e7d48 entered into RCS
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8427
diff changeset
2113 Properties}.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2114 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2115
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2116 @defopt indent-tabs-mode
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2117 @comment !!SourceFile indent.c
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2118 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, indentation functions can insert
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2119 tabs as well as spaces. Otherwise, they insert only spaces. Setting
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2120 this variable automatically makes it buffer-local in the current buffer.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2121 @end defopt
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2122
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2123 @node Mode-Specific Indent
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2124 @subsection Indentation Controlled by Major Mode
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2125
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2126 An important function of each major mode is to customize the @key{TAB}
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2127 key to indent properly for the language being edited. This section
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2128 describes the mechanism of the @key{TAB} key and how to control it.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2129 The functions in this section return unpredictable values.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2130
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2131 @defvar indent-line-function
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2132 This variable's value is the function to be used by @key{TAB} (and
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2133 various commands) to indent the current line. The command
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2134 @code{indent-according-to-mode} does no more than call this function.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2135
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2136 In Lisp mode, the value is the symbol @code{lisp-indent-line}; in C
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2137 mode, @code{c-indent-line}; in Fortran mode, @code{fortran-indent-line}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2138 In Fundamental mode, Text mode, and many other modes with no standard
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2139 for indentation, the value is @code{indent-to-left-margin} (which is the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2140 default value).
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2141 @end defvar
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2142
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2143 @deffn Command indent-according-to-mode
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2144 This command calls the function in @code{indent-line-function} to
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2145 indent the current line in a way appropriate for the current major mode.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2146 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2147
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2148 @deffn Command indent-for-tab-command
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2149 This command calls the function in @code{indent-line-function} to indent
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2150 the current line; however, if that function is
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2151 @code{indent-to-left-margin}, @code{insert-tab} is called instead. (That
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2152 is a trivial command that inserts a tab character.)
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2153 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2154
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2155 @deffn Command newline-and-indent
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2156 @comment !!SourceFile simple.el
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2157 This function inserts a newline, then indents the new line (the one
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2158 following the newline just inserted) according to the major mode.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2159
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2160 It does indentation by calling the current @code{indent-line-function}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2161 In programming language modes, this is the same thing @key{TAB} does,
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2162 but in some text modes, where @key{TAB} inserts a tab,
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2163 @code{newline-and-indent} indents to the column specified by
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2164 @code{left-margin}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2165 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2166
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2167 @deffn Command reindent-then-newline-and-indent
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2168 @comment !!SourceFile simple.el
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2169 This command reindents the current line, inserts a newline at point,
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
2170 and then indents the new line (the one following the newline just
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2171 inserted).
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2172
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2173 This command does indentation on both lines according to the current
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2174 major mode, by calling the current value of @code{indent-line-function}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2175 In programming language modes, this is the same thing @key{TAB} does,
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2176 but in some text modes, where @key{TAB} inserts a tab,
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2177 @code{reindent-then-newline-and-indent} indents to the column specified
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2178 by @code{left-margin}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2179 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2180
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2181 @node Region Indent
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2182 @subsection Indenting an Entire Region
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2183
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2184 This section describes commands that indent all the lines in the
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2185 region. They return unpredictable values.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2186
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2187 @deffn Command indent-region start end to-column
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2188 This command indents each nonblank line starting between @var{start}
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2189 (inclusive) and @var{end} (exclusive). If @var{to-column} is
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2190 @code{nil}, @code{indent-region} indents each nonblank line by calling
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2191 the current mode's indentation function, the value of
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2192 @code{indent-line-function}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2193
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2194 If @var{to-column} is non-@code{nil}, it should be an integer
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2195 specifying the number of columns of indentation; then this function
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2196 gives each line exactly that much indentation, by either adding or
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2197 deleting whitespace.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2198
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2199 If there is a fill prefix, @code{indent-region} indents each line
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2200 by making it start with the fill prefix.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2201 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2202
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2203 @defvar indent-region-function
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2204 The value of this variable is a function that can be used by
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2205 @code{indent-region} as a short cut. It should take two arguments, the
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2206 start and end of the region. You should design the function so
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2207 that it will produce the same results as indenting the lines of the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2208 region one by one, but presumably faster.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2209
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2210 If the value is @code{nil}, there is no short cut, and
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2211 @code{indent-region} actually works line by line.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2212
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2213 A short-cut function is useful in modes such as C mode and Lisp mode,
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2214 where the @code{indent-line-function} must scan from the beginning of
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2215 the function definition: applying it to each line would be quadratic in
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2216 time. The short cut can update the scan information as it moves through
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2217 the lines indenting them; this takes linear time. In a mode where
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2218 indenting a line individually is fast, there is no need for a short cut.
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2219
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2220 @code{indent-region} with a non-@code{nil} argument @var{to-column} has
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2221 a different meaning and does not use this variable.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2222 @end defvar
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2223
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2224 @deffn Command indent-rigidly start end count
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2225 @comment !!SourceFile indent.el
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2226 This command indents all lines starting between @var{start}
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2227 (inclusive) and @var{end} (exclusive) sideways by @var{count} columns.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2228 This ``preserves the shape'' of the affected region, moving it as a
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2229 rigid unit. Consequently, this command is useful not only for indenting
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2230 regions of unindented text, but also for indenting regions of formatted
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2231 code.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2232
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2233 For example, if @var{count} is 3, this command adds 3 columns of
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2234 indentation to each of the lines beginning in the region specified.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2235
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2236 In Mail mode, @kbd{C-c C-y} (@code{mail-yank-original}) uses
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2237 @code{indent-rigidly} to indent the text copied from the message being
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2238 replied to.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2239 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2240
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2241 @defun indent-code-rigidly start end columns &optional nochange-regexp
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2242 This is like @code{indent-rigidly}, except that it doesn't alter lines
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2243 that start within strings or comments.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2244
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2245 In addition, it doesn't alter a line if @var{nochange-regexp} matches at
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2246 the beginning of the line (if @var{nochange-regexp} is non-@code{nil}).
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2247 @end defun
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2248
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2249 @node Relative Indent
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2250 @subsection Indentation Relative to Previous Lines
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2251
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2252 This section describes two commands that indent the current line
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2253 based on the contents of previous lines.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2254
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2255 @deffn Command indent-relative &optional unindented-ok
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2256 This command inserts whitespace at point, extending to the same
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2257 column as the next @dfn{indent point} of the previous nonblank line. An
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2258 indent point is a non-whitespace character following whitespace. The
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2259 next indent point is the first one at a column greater than the current
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2260 column of point. For example, if point is underneath and to the left of
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2261 the first non-blank character of a line of text, it moves to that column
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2262 by inserting whitespace.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2263
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2264 If the previous nonblank line has no next indent point (i.e., none at a
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2265 great enough column position), @code{indent-relative} either does
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2266 nothing (if @var{unindented-ok} is non-@code{nil}) or calls
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2267 @code{tab-to-tab-stop}. Thus, if point is underneath and to the right
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2268 of the last column of a short line of text, this command ordinarily
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2269 moves point to the next tab stop by inserting whitespace.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2270
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2271 The return value of @code{indent-relative} is unpredictable.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2272
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2273 In the following example, point is at the beginning of the second
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2274 line:
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2275
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2276 @example
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2277 @group
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2278 This line is indented twelve spaces.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2279 @point{}The quick brown fox jumped.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2280 @end group
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2281 @end example
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2282
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2283 @noindent
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2284 Evaluation of the expression @code{(indent-relative nil)} produces the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2285 following:
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2286
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2287 @example
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2288 @group
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2289 This line is indented twelve spaces.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2290 @point{}The quick brown fox jumped.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2291 @end group
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2292 @end example
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2293
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2294 In this next example, point is between the @samp{m} and @samp{p} of
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2295 @samp{jumped}:
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2296
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2297 @example
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2298 @group
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2299 This line is indented twelve spaces.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2300 The quick brown fox jum@point{}ped.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2301 @end group
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2302 @end example
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2303
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2304 @noindent
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2305 Evaluation of the expression @code{(indent-relative nil)} produces the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2306 following:
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2307
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2308 @example
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2309 @group
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2310 This line is indented twelve spaces.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2311 The quick brown fox jum @point{}ped.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2312 @end group
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2313 @end example
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2314 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2315
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2316 @deffn Command indent-relative-maybe
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2317 @comment !!SourceFile indent.el
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2318 This command indents the current line like the previous nonblank line,
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2319 by calling @code{indent-relative} with @code{t} as the
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2320 @var{unindented-ok} argument. The return value is unpredictable.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2321
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2322 If the previous nonblank line has no indent points beyond the current
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2323 column, this command does nothing.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2324 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2325
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2326 @node Indent Tabs
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2327 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2328 @subsection Adjustable ``Tab Stops''
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2329 @cindex tabs stops for indentation
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2330
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2331 This section explains the mechanism for user-specified ``tab stops''
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2332 and the mechanisms that use and set them. The name ``tab stops'' is
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2333 used because the feature is similar to that of the tab stops on a
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2334 typewriter. The feature works by inserting an appropriate number of
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2335 spaces and tab characters to reach the next tab stop column; it does not
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2336 affect the display of tab characters in the buffer (@pxref{Usual
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2337 Display}). Note that the @key{TAB} character as input uses this tab
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2338 stop feature only in a few major modes, such as Text mode.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2339
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2340 @deffn Command tab-to-tab-stop
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2341 This command inserts spaces or tabs before point, up to the next tab
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2342 stop column defined by @code{tab-stop-list}. It searches the list for
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2343 an element greater than the current column number, and uses that element
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2344 as the column to indent to. It does nothing if no such element is
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2345 found.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2346 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2347
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2348 @defopt tab-stop-list
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2349 This variable is the list of tab stop columns used by
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2350 @code{tab-to-tab-stops}. The elements should be integers in increasing
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2351 order. The tab stop columns need not be evenly spaced.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2352
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2353 Use @kbd{M-x edit-tab-stops} to edit the location of tab stops
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2354 interactively.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2355 @end defopt
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2356
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2357 @node Motion by Indent
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2358 @subsection Indentation-Based Motion Commands
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2359
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2360 These commands, primarily for interactive use, act based on the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2361 indentation in the text.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2362
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 49184
diff changeset
2363 @deffn Command back-to-indentation
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2364 @comment !!SourceFile simple.el
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2365 This command moves point to the first non-whitespace character in the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2366 current line (which is the line in which point is located). It returns
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2367 @code{nil}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2368 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2369
52544
5e831368522d (Motion by Indent): Arg to backward-to-indentation and
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
2370 @deffn Command backward-to-indentation &optional arg
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2371 @comment !!SourceFile simple.el
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2372 This command moves point backward @var{arg} lines and then to the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2373 first nonblank character on that line. It returns @code{nil}.
52544
5e831368522d (Motion by Indent): Arg to backward-to-indentation and
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
2374 If @var{arg} is omitted or @code{nil}, it defaults to 1.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2375 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2376
52544
5e831368522d (Motion by Indent): Arg to backward-to-indentation and
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
2377 @deffn Command forward-to-indentation &optional arg
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2378 @comment !!SourceFile simple.el
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2379 This command moves point forward @var{arg} lines and then to the first
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2380 nonblank character on that line. It returns @code{nil}.
52544
5e831368522d (Motion by Indent): Arg to backward-to-indentation and
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
2381 If @var{arg} is omitted or @code{nil}, it defaults to 1.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2382 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2383
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2384 @node Case Changes
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2385 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2386 @section Case Changes
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2387 @cindex case conversion in buffers
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2388
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2389 The case change commands described here work on text in the current
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2390 buffer. @xref{Case Conversion}, for case conversion functions that work
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2391 on strings and characters. @xref{Case Tables}, for how to customize
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2392 which characters are upper or lower case and how to convert them.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2393
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2394 @deffn Command capitalize-region start end
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2395 This function capitalizes all words in the region defined by
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2396 @var{start} and @var{end}. To capitalize means to convert each word's
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2397 first character to upper case and convert the rest of each word to lower
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2398 case. The function returns @code{nil}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2399
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2400 If one end of the region is in the middle of a word, the part of the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2401 word within the region is treated as an entire word.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2402
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2403 When @code{capitalize-region} is called interactively, @var{start} and
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2404 @var{end} are point and the mark, with the smallest first.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2405
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2406 @example
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2407 @group
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2408 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2409 This is the contents of the 5th foo.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2410 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2411 @end group
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2412
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2413 @group
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2414 (capitalize-region 1 44)
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2415 @result{} nil
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2416
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2417 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2418 This Is The Contents Of The 5th Foo.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2419 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2420 @end group
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2421 @end example
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2422 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2423
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2424 @deffn Command downcase-region start end
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2425 This function converts all of the letters in the region defined by
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2426 @var{start} and @var{end} to lower case. The function returns
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2427 @code{nil}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2428
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2429 When @code{downcase-region} is called interactively, @var{start} and
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2430 @var{end} are point and the mark, with the smallest first.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2431 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2432
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2433 @deffn Command upcase-region start end
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2434 This function converts all of the letters in the region defined by
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2435 @var{start} and @var{end} to upper case. The function returns
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2436 @code{nil}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2437
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2438 When @code{upcase-region} is called interactively, @var{start} and
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2439 @var{end} are point and the mark, with the smallest first.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2440 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2441
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2442 @deffn Command capitalize-word count
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2443 This function capitalizes @var{count} words after point, moving point
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2444 over as it does. To capitalize means to convert each word's first
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2445 character to upper case and convert the rest of each word to lower case.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2446 If @var{count} is negative, the function capitalizes the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2447 @minus{}@var{count} previous words but does not move point. The value
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2448 is @code{nil}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2449
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2450 If point is in the middle of a word, the part of the word before point
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2451 is ignored when moving forward. The rest is treated as an entire word.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2452
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2453 When @code{capitalize-word} is called interactively, @var{count} is
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2454 set to the numeric prefix argument.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2455 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2456
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2457 @deffn Command downcase-word count
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2458 This function converts the @var{count} words after point to all lower
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2459 case, moving point over as it does. If @var{count} is negative, it
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2460 converts the @minus{}@var{count} previous words but does not move point.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2461 The value is @code{nil}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2462
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2463 When @code{downcase-word} is called interactively, @var{count} is set
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2464 to the numeric prefix argument.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2465 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2466
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2467 @deffn Command upcase-word count
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2468 This function converts the @var{count} words after point to all upper
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2469 case, moving point over as it does. If @var{count} is negative, it
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2470 converts the @minus{}@var{count} previous words but does not move point.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2471 The value is @code{nil}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2472
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2473 When @code{upcase-word} is called interactively, @var{count} is set to
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2474 the numeric prefix argument.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2475 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2476
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2477 @node Text Properties
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2478 @section Text Properties
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2479 @cindex text properties
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2480 @cindex attributes of text
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2481 @cindex properties of text
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2482
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2483 Each character position in a buffer or a string can have a @dfn{text
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2484 property list}, much like the property list of a symbol (@pxref{Property
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2485 Lists}). The properties belong to a particular character at a
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2486 particular place, such as, the letter @samp{T} at the beginning of this
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2487 sentence or the first @samp{o} in @samp{foo}---if the same character
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2488 occurs in two different places, the two occurrences generally have
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2489 different properties.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2490
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2491 Each property has a name and a value. Both of these can be any Lisp
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2492 object, but the name is normally a symbol. The usual way to access the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2493 property list is to specify a name and ask what value corresponds to it.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2494
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2495 If a character has a @code{category} property, we call it the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2496 @dfn{category} of the character. It should be a symbol. The properties
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2497 of the symbol serve as defaults for the properties of the character.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2498
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2499 Copying text between strings and buffers preserves the properties
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2500 along with the characters; this includes such diverse functions as
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2501 @code{substring}, @code{insert}, and @code{buffer-substring}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2502
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2503 @menu
40588
86c8a6492402 Minor menu indentation cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 39530
diff changeset
2504 * Examining Properties:: Looking at the properties of one character.
86c8a6492402 Minor menu indentation cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 39530
diff changeset
2505 * Changing Properties:: Setting the properties of a range of text.
86c8a6492402 Minor menu indentation cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 39530
diff changeset
2506 * Property Search:: Searching for where a property changes value.
86c8a6492402 Minor menu indentation cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 39530
diff changeset
2507 * Special Properties:: Particular properties with special meanings.
86c8a6492402 Minor menu indentation cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 39530
diff changeset
2508 * Format Properties:: Properties for representing formatting of text.
86c8a6492402 Minor menu indentation cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 39530
diff changeset
2509 * Sticky Properties:: How inserted text gets properties from
86c8a6492402 Minor menu indentation cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 39530
diff changeset
2510 neighboring text.
86c8a6492402 Minor menu indentation cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 39530
diff changeset
2511 * Saving Properties:: Saving text properties in files, and reading
86c8a6492402 Minor menu indentation cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 39530
diff changeset
2512 them back.
86c8a6492402 Minor menu indentation cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 39530
diff changeset
2513 * Lazy Properties:: Computing text properties in a lazy fashion
86c8a6492402 Minor menu indentation cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 39530
diff changeset
2514 only when text is examined.
86c8a6492402 Minor menu indentation cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 39530
diff changeset
2515 * Clickable Text:: Using text properties to make regions of text
86c8a6492402 Minor menu indentation cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 39530
diff changeset
2516 do something when you click on them.
59504
66f927c186ac (Links and Mouse-1): Rename section from Enabling
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59494
diff changeset
2517 * Links and Mouse-1:: How to make @key{Mouse-1} follow a link.
40588
86c8a6492402 Minor menu indentation cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 39530
diff changeset
2518 * Fields:: The @code{field} property defines
86c8a6492402 Minor menu indentation cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 39530
diff changeset
2519 fields within the buffer.
86c8a6492402 Minor menu indentation cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 39530
diff changeset
2520 * Not Intervals:: Why text properties do not use
86c8a6492402 Minor menu indentation cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 39530
diff changeset
2521 Lisp-visible text intervals.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2522 @end menu
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2523
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2524 @node Examining Properties
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2525 @subsection Examining Text Properties
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2526
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2527 The simplest way to examine text properties is to ask for the value of
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2528 a particular property of a particular character. For that, use
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2529 @code{get-text-property}. Use @code{text-properties-at} to get the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2530 entire property list of a character. @xref{Property Search}, for
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2531 functions to examine the properties of a number of characters at once.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2532
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2533 These functions handle both strings and buffers. Keep in mind that
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2534 positions in a string start from 0, whereas positions in a buffer start
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2535 from 1.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2536
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2537 @defun get-text-property pos prop &optional object
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2538 This function returns the value of the @var{prop} property of the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2539 character after position @var{pos} in @var{object} (a buffer or
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2540 string). The argument @var{object} is optional and defaults to the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2541 current buffer.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2542
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2543 If there is no @var{prop} property strictly speaking, but the character
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2544 has a category that is a symbol, then @code{get-text-property} returns
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2545 the @var{prop} property of that symbol.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2546 @end defun
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2547
53435
0f3abb6bbf27 (Examining Properties): Add get-char-property-and-overlay.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
2548 @defun get-char-property position prop &optional object
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2549 This function is like @code{get-text-property}, except that it checks
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2550 overlays first and then text properties. @xref{Overlays}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2551
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2552 The argument @var{object} may be a string, a buffer, or a window. If it
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2553 is a window, then the buffer displayed in that window is used for text
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2554 properties and overlays, but only the overlays active for that window
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2555 are considered. If @var{object} is a buffer, then all overlays in that
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2556 buffer are considered, as well as text properties. If @var{object} is a
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2557 string, only text properties are considered, since strings never have
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2558 overlays.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2559 @end defun
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2560
53435
0f3abb6bbf27 (Examining Properties): Add get-char-property-and-overlay.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
2561 @defun get-char-property-and-overlay position prop &optional object
0f3abb6bbf27 (Examining Properties): Add get-char-property-and-overlay.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
2562 This is like @code{get-char-property}, but gives extra information
0f3abb6bbf27 (Examining Properties): Add get-char-property-and-overlay.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
2563 about the overlay that the property value comes from.
0f3abb6bbf27 (Examining Properties): Add get-char-property-and-overlay.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
2564
0f3abb6bbf27 (Examining Properties): Add get-char-property-and-overlay.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
2565 Its value is a cons cell whose @sc{car} is the property value, the
0f3abb6bbf27 (Examining Properties): Add get-char-property-and-overlay.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
2566 same value @code{get-char-property} would return with the same
0f3abb6bbf27 (Examining Properties): Add get-char-property-and-overlay.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
2567 arguments. Its @sc{cdr} is the overlay in which the property was
0f3abb6bbf27 (Examining Properties): Add get-char-property-and-overlay.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
2568 found, or @code{nil}, if it was found as a text property or not found
0f3abb6bbf27 (Examining Properties): Add get-char-property-and-overlay.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
2569 at all.
0f3abb6bbf27 (Examining Properties): Add get-char-property-and-overlay.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
2570
0f3abb6bbf27 (Examining Properties): Add get-char-property-and-overlay.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
2571 If @var{position} is at the end of @var{object}, both the @sc{car} and
0f3abb6bbf27 (Examining Properties): Add get-char-property-and-overlay.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
2572 the @sc{cdr} of the value are @code{nil}.
0f3abb6bbf27 (Examining Properties): Add get-char-property-and-overlay.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
2573 @end defun
0f3abb6bbf27 (Examining Properties): Add get-char-property-and-overlay.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
2574
45685
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2575 @defvar char-property-alias-alist
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2576 This variable holds an alist which maps property names to a list of
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2577 alternative property names. If a character does not specify a direct
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2578 value for a property, the alternative property names are consulted in
51702
82502bf293e0 (Buffer Contents): Document current-word.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51446
diff changeset
2579 order; the first non-@code{nil} value is used. This variable takes
45685
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2580 precedence over @code{default-text-properties}, and @code{category}
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2581 properties take precedence over this variable.
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2582 @end defvar
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2583
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2584 @defun text-properties-at position &optional object
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2585 This function returns the entire property list of the character at
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2586 @var{position} in the string or buffer @var{object}. If @var{object} is
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2587 @code{nil}, it defaults to the current buffer.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2588 @end defun
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2589
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
2590 @defvar default-text-properties
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
2591 This variable holds a property list giving default values for text
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
2592 properties. Whenever a character does not specify a value for a
45685
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2593 property, neither directly, through a category symbol, or through
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2594 @code{char-property-alias-alist}, the value stored in this list is
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2595 used instead. Here is an example:
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
2596
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
2597 @example
45685
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2598 (setq default-text-properties '(foo 69)
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2599 char-property-alias-alist nil)
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
2600 ;; @r{Make sure character 1 has no properties of its own.}
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
2601 (set-text-properties 1 2 nil)
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
2602 ;; @r{What we get, when we ask, is the default value.}
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
2603 (get-text-property 1 'foo)
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
2604 @result{} 69
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
2605 @end example
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
2606 @end defvar
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
2607
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2608 @node Changing Properties
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2609 @subsection Changing Text Properties
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2610
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2611 The primitives for changing properties apply to a specified range of
18339
7def48db254a Clarify about text props in strings and how to remove all of them.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 16934
diff changeset
2612 text in a buffer or string. The function @code{set-text-properties}
7def48db254a Clarify about text props in strings and how to remove all of them.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 16934
diff changeset
2613 (see end of section) sets the entire property list of the text in that
7def48db254a Clarify about text props in strings and how to remove all of them.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 16934
diff changeset
2614 range; more often, it is useful to add, change, or delete just certain
7def48db254a Clarify about text props in strings and how to remove all of them.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 16934
diff changeset
2615 properties specified by name.
7def48db254a Clarify about text props in strings and how to remove all of them.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 16934
diff changeset
2616
7def48db254a Clarify about text props in strings and how to remove all of them.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 16934
diff changeset
2617 Since text properties are considered part of the contents of the
49184
55666b1c590b (Changing Properties): Say string indices are origin-0.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 47475
diff changeset
2618 buffer (or string), and can affect how a buffer looks on the screen,
55666b1c590b (Changing Properties): Say string indices are origin-0.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 47475
diff changeset
2619 any change in buffer text properties marks the buffer as modified.
55666b1c590b (Changing Properties): Say string indices are origin-0.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 47475
diff changeset
2620 Buffer text property changes are undoable also (@pxref{Undo}).
55666b1c590b (Changing Properties): Say string indices are origin-0.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 47475
diff changeset
2621 Positions in a string start from 0, whereas positions in a buffer
55666b1c590b (Changing Properties): Say string indices are origin-0.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 47475
diff changeset
2622 start from 1.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2623
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
2624 @defun put-text-property start end prop value &optional object
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
2625 This function sets the @var{prop} property to @var{value} for the text
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
2626 between @var{start} and @var{end} in the string or buffer @var{object}.
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
2627 If @var{object} is @code{nil}, it defaults to the current buffer.
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
2628 @end defun
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
2629
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2630 @defun add-text-properties start end props &optional object
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2631 This function adds or overrides text properties for the text between
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2632 @var{start} and @var{end} in the string or buffer @var{object}. If
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2633 @var{object} is @code{nil}, it defaults to the current buffer.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2634
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2635 The argument @var{props} specifies which properties to add. It should
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2636 have the form of a property list (@pxref{Property Lists}): a list whose
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2637 elements include the property names followed alternately by the
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2638 corresponding values.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2639
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2640 The return value is @code{t} if the function actually changed some
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2641 property's value; @code{nil} otherwise (if @var{props} is @code{nil} or
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2642 its values agree with those in the text).
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2643
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2644 For example, here is how to set the @code{comment} and @code{face}
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2645 properties of a range of text:
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2646
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2647 @example
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2648 (add-text-properties @var{start} @var{end}
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2649 '(comment t face highlight))
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2650 @end example
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2651 @end defun
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2652
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2653 @defun remove-text-properties start end props &optional object
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2654 This function deletes specified text properties from the text between
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2655 @var{start} and @var{end} in the string or buffer @var{object}. If
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2656 @var{object} is @code{nil}, it defaults to the current buffer.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2657
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2658 The argument @var{props} specifies which properties to delete. It
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2659 should have the form of a property list (@pxref{Property Lists}): a list
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2660 whose elements are property names alternating with corresponding values.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2661 But only the names matter---the values that accompany them are ignored.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2662 For example, here's how to remove the @code{face} property.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2663
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2664 @example
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2665 (remove-text-properties @var{start} @var{end} '(face nil))
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2666 @end example
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2667
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2668 The return value is @code{t} if the function actually changed some
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2669 property's value; @code{nil} otherwise (if @var{props} is @code{nil} or
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2670 if no character in the specified text had any of those properties).
18339
7def48db254a Clarify about text props in strings and how to remove all of them.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 16934
diff changeset
2671
7def48db254a Clarify about text props in strings and how to remove all of them.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 16934
diff changeset
2672 To remove all text properties from certain text, use
7def48db254a Clarify about text props in strings and how to remove all of them.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 16934
diff changeset
2673 @code{set-text-properties} and specify @code{nil} for the new property
7def48db254a Clarify about text props in strings and how to remove all of them.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 16934
diff changeset
2674 list.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2675 @end defun
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2676
52192
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
2677 @defun remove-list-of-text-properties start end list-of-properties &optional object
60679
48eb1c71ba69 (Filling): Add sentence-end-without-period and sentence-end-without-space.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60456
diff changeset
2678 Like @code{remove-text-properties} except that
52192
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
2679 @var{list-of-properties} is a list property names only, not an
60679
48eb1c71ba69 (Filling): Add sentence-end-without-period and sentence-end-without-space.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60456
diff changeset
2680 alternating list of property names and values.
52192
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
2681 @end defun
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
2682
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2683 @defun set-text-properties start end props &optional object
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2684 This function completely replaces the text property list for the text
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2685 between @var{start} and @var{end} in the string or buffer @var{object}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2686 If @var{object} is @code{nil}, it defaults to the current buffer.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2687
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2688 The argument @var{props} is the new property list. It should be a list
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2689 whose elements are property names alternating with corresponding values.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2690
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2691 After @code{set-text-properties} returns, all the characters in the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2692 specified range have identical properties.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2693
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2694 If @var{props} is @code{nil}, the effect is to get rid of all properties
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2695 from the specified range of text. Here's an example:
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2696
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2697 @example
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2698 (set-text-properties @var{start} @var{end} nil)
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2699 @end example
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2700 @end defun
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2701
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2702 The easiest way to make a string with text properties
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2703 is with @code{propertize}:
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2704
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2705 @defun propertize string &rest properties
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2706 @tindex propertize
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2707 This function returns a copy of @var{string} which has the text
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2708 properties @var{properties}. These properties apply to all the
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2709 characters in the string that is returned. Here is an example that
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2710 constructs a string with a @code{face} property and a @code{mouse-face}
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2711 property:
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2712
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2713 @smallexample
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2714 (propertize "foo" 'face 'italic
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2715 'mouse-face 'bold-italic)
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2716 @result{} #("foo" 0 3 (mouse-face bold-italic face italic))
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2717 @end smallexample
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2718
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2719 To put different properties on various parts of a string, you can
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2720 construct each part with @code{propertize} and then combine them with
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2721 @code{concat}:
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2722
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2723 @smallexample
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2724 (concat
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2725 (propertize "foo" 'face 'italic
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2726 'mouse-face 'bold-italic)
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2727 " and "
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2728 (propertize "bar" 'face 'italic
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2729 'mouse-face 'bold-italic))
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2730 @result{} #("foo and bar"
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2731 0 3 (face italic mouse-face bold-italic)
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2732 3 8 nil
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2733 8 11 (face italic mouse-face bold-italic))
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2734 @end smallexample
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2735 @end defun
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2736
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2737 See also the function @code{buffer-substring-no-properties}
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
2738 (@pxref{Buffer Contents}) which copies text from the buffer
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
2739 but does not copy its properties.
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
2740
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2741 @node Property Search
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2742 @subsection Text Property Search Functions
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2743
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2744 In typical use of text properties, most of the time several or many
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2745 consecutive characters have the same value for a property. Rather than
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2746 writing your programs to examine characters one by one, it is much
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2747 faster to process chunks of text that have the same property value.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2748
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2749 Here are functions you can use to do this. They use @code{eq} for
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
2750 comparing property values. In all cases, @var{object} defaults to the
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
2751 current buffer.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2752
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2753 For high performance, it's very important to use the @var{limit}
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2754 argument to these functions, especially the ones that search for a
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
2755 single property---otherwise, they may spend a long time scanning to the
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
2756 end of the buffer, if the property you are interested in does not change.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2757
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2758 These functions do not move point; instead, they return a position (or
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2759 @code{nil}). Remember that a position is always between two characters;
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2760 the position returned by these functions is between two characters with
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2761 different properties.
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2762
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2763 @defun next-property-change pos &optional object limit
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2764 The function scans the text forward from position @var{pos} in the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2765 string or buffer @var{object} till it finds a change in some text
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2766 property, then returns the position of the change. In other words, it
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2767 returns the position of the first character beyond @var{pos} whose
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2768 properties are not identical to those of the character just after
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2769 @var{pos}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2770
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2771 If @var{limit} is non-@code{nil}, then the scan ends at position
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 49184
diff changeset
2772 @var{limit}. If there is no property change before that point,
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2773 @code{next-property-change} returns @var{limit}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2774
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2775 The value is @code{nil} if the properties remain unchanged all the way
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2776 to the end of @var{object} and @var{limit} is @code{nil}. If the value
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2777 is non-@code{nil}, it is a position greater than or equal to @var{pos}.
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2778 The value equals @var{pos} only when @var{limit} equals @var{pos}.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2779
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2780 Here is an example of how to scan the buffer by chunks of text within
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2781 which all properties are constant:
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2782
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2783 @smallexample
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2784 (while (not (eobp))
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2785 (let ((plist (text-properties-at (point)))
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2786 (next-change
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2787 (or (next-property-change (point) (current-buffer))
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2788 (point-max))))
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2789 @r{Process text from point to @var{next-change}@dots{}}
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2790 (goto-char next-change)))
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2791 @end smallexample
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2792 @end defun
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2793
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2794 @defun next-single-property-change pos prop &optional object limit
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2795 The function scans the text forward from position @var{pos} in the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2796 string or buffer @var{object} till it finds a change in the @var{prop}
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2797 property, then returns the position of the change. In other words, it
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2798 returns the position of the first character beyond @var{pos} whose
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2799 @var{prop} property differs from that of the character just after
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2800 @var{pos}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2801
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2802 If @var{limit} is non-@code{nil}, then the scan ends at position
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 49184
diff changeset
2803 @var{limit}. If there is no property change before that point,
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2804 @code{next-single-property-change} returns @var{limit}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2805
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2806 The value is @code{nil} if the property remains unchanged all the way to
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2807 the end of @var{object} and @var{limit} is @code{nil}. If the value is
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2808 non-@code{nil}, it is a position greater than or equal to @var{pos}; it
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2809 equals @var{pos} only if @var{limit} equals @var{pos}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2810 @end defun
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2811
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2812 @defun previous-property-change pos &optional object limit
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2813 This is like @code{next-property-change}, but scans back from @var{pos}
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2814 instead of forward. If the value is non-@code{nil}, it is a position
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2815 less than or equal to @var{pos}; it equals @var{pos} only if @var{limit}
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2816 equals @var{pos}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2817 @end defun
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2818
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2819 @defun previous-single-property-change pos prop &optional object limit
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2820 This is like @code{next-single-property-change}, but scans back from
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2821 @var{pos} instead of forward. If the value is non-@code{nil}, it is a
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2822 position less than or equal to @var{pos}; it equals @var{pos} only if
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
2823 @var{limit} equals @var{pos}.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2824 @end defun
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2825
39528
ed97ba5c9ba8 (Property Search): Correct descriptions of
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39208
diff changeset
2826 @defun next-char-property-change pos &optional limit
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2827 This is like @code{next-property-change} except that it considers
39528
ed97ba5c9ba8 (Property Search): Correct descriptions of
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39208
diff changeset
2828 overlay properties as well as text properties, and if no change is
ed97ba5c9ba8 (Property Search): Correct descriptions of
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39208
diff changeset
2829 found before the end of the buffer, it returns the maximum buffer
ed97ba5c9ba8 (Property Search): Correct descriptions of
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39208
diff changeset
2830 position rather than @code{nil} (in this sense, it resembles the
ed97ba5c9ba8 (Property Search): Correct descriptions of
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39208
diff changeset
2831 corresponding overlay function @code{next-overlay-change}, rather than
ed97ba5c9ba8 (Property Search): Correct descriptions of
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39208
diff changeset
2832 @code{next-property-change}). There is no @var{object} operand
ed97ba5c9ba8 (Property Search): Correct descriptions of
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39208
diff changeset
2833 because this function operates only on the current buffer. It returns
ed97ba5c9ba8 (Property Search): Correct descriptions of
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39208
diff changeset
2834 the next address at which either kind of property changes.
ed97ba5c9ba8 (Property Search): Correct descriptions of
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39208
diff changeset
2835 @end defun
ed97ba5c9ba8 (Property Search): Correct descriptions of
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39208
diff changeset
2836
ed97ba5c9ba8 (Property Search): Correct descriptions of
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39208
diff changeset
2837 @defun previous-char-property-change pos &optional limit
ed97ba5c9ba8 (Property Search): Correct descriptions of
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39208
diff changeset
2838 This is like @code{next-char-property-change}, but scans back from
ed97ba5c9ba8 (Property Search): Correct descriptions of
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39208
diff changeset
2839 @var{pos} instead of forward, and returns the minimum buffer
ed97ba5c9ba8 (Property Search): Correct descriptions of
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39208
diff changeset
2840 position if no change is found.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2841 @end defun
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2842
39528
ed97ba5c9ba8 (Property Search): Correct descriptions of
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39208
diff changeset
2843 @defun next-single-char-property-change pos prop &optional object limit
39530
6d1ba806f659 Add @tindex lines to new entries.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39528
diff changeset
2844 @tindex next-single-char-property-change
39528
ed97ba5c9ba8 (Property Search): Correct descriptions of
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39208
diff changeset
2845 This is like @code{next-single-property-change} except that it
ed97ba5c9ba8 (Property Search): Correct descriptions of
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39208
diff changeset
2846 considers overlay properties as well as text properties, and if no
ed97ba5c9ba8 (Property Search): Correct descriptions of
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39208
diff changeset
2847 change is found before the end of the @var{object}, it returns the
ed97ba5c9ba8 (Property Search): Correct descriptions of
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39208
diff changeset
2848 maximum valid position in @var{object} rather than @code{nil}. Unlike
ed97ba5c9ba8 (Property Search): Correct descriptions of
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39208
diff changeset
2849 @code{next-char-property-change}, this function @emph{does} have an
ed97ba5c9ba8 (Property Search): Correct descriptions of
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39208
diff changeset
2850 @var{object} operand; if @var{object} is not a buffer, only
ed97ba5c9ba8 (Property Search): Correct descriptions of
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39208
diff changeset
2851 text-properties are considered.
ed97ba5c9ba8 (Property Search): Correct descriptions of
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39208
diff changeset
2852 @end defun
ed97ba5c9ba8 (Property Search): Correct descriptions of
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39208
diff changeset
2853
ed97ba5c9ba8 (Property Search): Correct descriptions of
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39208
diff changeset
2854 @defun previous-single-char-property-change pos prop &optional object limit
39530
6d1ba806f659 Add @tindex lines to new entries.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39528
diff changeset
2855 @tindex previous-single-char-property-change
39528
ed97ba5c9ba8 (Property Search): Correct descriptions of
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39208
diff changeset
2856 This is like @code{next-single-char-property-change}, but scans back
ed97ba5c9ba8 (Property Search): Correct descriptions of
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39208
diff changeset
2857 from @var{pos} instead of forward, and returns the minimum valid
ed97ba5c9ba8 (Property Search): Correct descriptions of
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 39208
diff changeset
2858 position in @var{object} if no change is found.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2859 @end defun
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2860
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2861 @defun text-property-any start end prop value &optional object
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2862 This function returns non-@code{nil} if at least one character between
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2863 @var{start} and @var{end} has a property @var{prop} whose value is
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2864 @var{value}. More precisely, it returns the position of the first such
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2865 character. Otherwise, it returns @code{nil}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2866
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2867 The optional fifth argument, @var{object}, specifies the string or
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2868 buffer to scan. Positions are relative to @var{object}. The default
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2869 for @var{object} is the current buffer.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2870 @end defun
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2871
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2872 @defun text-property-not-all start end prop value &optional object
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2873 This function returns non-@code{nil} if at least one character between
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2874 @var{start} and @var{end} does not have a property @var{prop} with value
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2875 @var{value}. More precisely, it returns the position of the first such
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2876 character. Otherwise, it returns @code{nil}.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2877
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2878 The optional fifth argument, @var{object}, specifies the string or
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2879 buffer to scan. Positions are relative to @var{object}. The default
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2880 for @var{object} is the current buffer.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2881 @end defun
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2882
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2883 @node Special Properties
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2884 @subsection Properties with Special Meanings
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2885
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
2886 Here is a table of text property names that have special built-in
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2887 meanings. The following sections list a few additional special property
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2888 names that control filling and property inheritance. All other names
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2889 have no standard meaning, and you can use them as you like.
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
2890
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2891 @table @code
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2892 @cindex category of text character
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2893 @kindex category @r{(text property)}
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2894 @item category
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2895 If a character has a @code{category} property, we call it the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2896 @dfn{category} of the character. It should be a symbol. The properties
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2897 of the symbol serve as defaults for the properties of the character.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2898
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2899 @item face
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2900 @cindex face codes of text
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2901 @kindex face @r{(text property)}
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2902 You can use the property @code{face} to control the font and color of
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2903 text. @xref{Faces}, for more information.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2904
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2905 In the simplest case, the value is a face name. It can also be a list;
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2906 then each element can be any of these possibilities;
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2907
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2908 @itemize @bullet
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2909 @item
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2910 A face name (a symbol or string).
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2911
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2912 @item
59391
701be29d8965 (Special Properties): Minor change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 58886
diff changeset
2913 A property list of face attributes. This has the
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2914 form (@var{keyword} @var{value} @dots{}), where each @var{keyword} is a
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2915 face attribute name and @var{value} is a meaningful value for that
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2916 attribute. With this feature, you do not need to create a face each
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2917 time you want to specify a particular attribute for certain text.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2918 @xref{Face Attributes}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2919
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2920 @item
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2921 A cons cell of the form @code{(foreground-color . @var{color-name})} or
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2922 @code{(background-color . @var{color-name})}. These elements specify
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2923 just the foreground color or just the background color.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2924
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2925 @code{(foreground-color . @var{color-name})} is equivalent to
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2926 @code{(:foreground @var{color-name})}, and likewise for the background.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2927 @end itemize
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
2928
45685
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2929 You can use Font Lock Mode (@pxref{Font Lock Mode}), to dynamically
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2930 update @code{face} properties based on the contents of the text.
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2931
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2932 @item font-lock-face
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2933 @kindex font-lock-face @r{(text property)}
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2934 The @code{font-lock-face} property is the same in all respects as the
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2935 @code{face} property, but its state of activation is controlled by
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2936 @code{font-lock-mode}. This can be advantageous for special buffers
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2937 which are not intended to be user-editable, or for static areas of
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2938 text which are always fontified in the same way.
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2939 @xref{Precalculated Fontification}.
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2940
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2941 Strictly speaking, @code{font-lock-face} is not a built-in text
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2942 property; rather, it is implemented in Font Lock mode using
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2943 @code{char-property-alias-alist}. @xref{Examining Properties}.
4ff98d5e3cf5 (char-property-alias-alist): New variable; describe its relation to
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45040
diff changeset
2944
59996
aac0a33f5772 Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59945
diff changeset
2945 This property is new in Emacs 22.1.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2946
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2947 @item mouse-face
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2948 @kindex mouse-face @r{(text property)}
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2949 The property @code{mouse-face} is used instead of @code{face} when the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2950 mouse is on or near the character. For this purpose, ``near'' means
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2951 that all text between the character and where the mouse is have the same
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2952 @code{mouse-face} property value.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2953
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2954 @item fontified
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2955 @kindex fontified @r{(text property)}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2956 This property, if non-@code{nil}, says that text in the buffer has
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2957 had faces assigned automatically by a feature such as Font-Lock mode.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2958 @xref{Auto Faces}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2959
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2960 @item display
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2961 @kindex display @r{(text property)}
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2962 This property activates various features that change the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2963 way text is displayed. For example, it can make text appear taller
27374
0f5edee5242b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27189
diff changeset
2964 or shorter, higher or lower, wider or narrow, or replaced with an image.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2965 @xref{Display Property}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2966
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2967 @item help-echo
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2968 @kindex help-echo @r{(text property)}
45040
07fdd6ac8356 (Special Properties): Add index entry and xref for tooltips.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43907
diff changeset
2969 @cindex tooltip
31079
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2970 @anchor{Text help-echo}
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2971 If text has a string as its @code{help-echo} property, then when you
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
2972 move the mouse onto that text, Emacs displays that string in the echo
45040
07fdd6ac8356 (Special Properties): Add index entry and xref for tooltips.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43907
diff changeset
2973 area, or in the tooltip window (@pxref{Tooltips,,, emacs, The GNU Emacs
07fdd6ac8356 (Special Properties): Add index entry and xref for tooltips.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43907
diff changeset
2974 Manual}).
31079
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2975
31372
3004c92de7b0 help-echo stuff
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31079
diff changeset
2976 If the value of the @code{help-echo} property is a function, that
31079
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2977 function is called with three arguments, @var{window}, @var{object} and
59770
bea71297b227 (Special Properties) <help-echo>: Use `pos' consistently in description
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 59533
diff changeset
2978 @var{pos} and should return a help string or @code{nil} for
31079
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2979 none. The first argument, @var{window} is the window in which
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2980 the help was found. The second, @var{object}, is the buffer, overlay or
59770
bea71297b227 (Special Properties) <help-echo>: Use `pos' consistently in description
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 59533
diff changeset
2981 string which had the @code{help-echo} property. The @var{pos}
31079
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2982 argument is as follows:
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2983
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2984 @itemize @bullet{}
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2985 @item
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2986 If @var{object} is a buffer, @var{pos} is the position in the buffer
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2987 where the @code{help-echo} text property was found.
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2988 @item
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2989 If @var{object} is an overlay, that overlay has a @code{help-echo}
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2990 property, and @var{pos} is the position in the overlay's buffer under
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2991 the mouse.
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2992 @item
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2993 If @var{object} is a string (an overlay string or a string displayed
31372
3004c92de7b0 help-echo stuff
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31079
diff changeset
2994 with the @code{display} property), @var{pos} is the position in that
31079
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2995 string under the mouse.
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2996 @end itemize
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2997
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2998 If the value of the @code{help-echo} property is neither a function nor
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
2999 a string, it is evaluated to obtain a help string.
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
3000
31372
3004c92de7b0 help-echo stuff
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31079
diff changeset
3001 You can alter the way help text is displayed by setting the variable
3004c92de7b0 help-echo stuff
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31079
diff changeset
3002 @code{show-help-function} (@pxref{Help display}).
31079
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
3003
45750
73b33fa2ec78 Delete "new in Emacs 21" note.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 45685
diff changeset
3004 This feature is used in the mode line and for other active text.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
3005
43907
bfe50f90f666 Update doc of local-map and keymap text properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41490
diff changeset
3006 @item keymap
bfe50f90f666 Update doc of local-map and keymap text properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41490
diff changeset
3007 @cindex keymap of character
bfe50f90f666 Update doc of local-map and keymap text properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41490
diff changeset
3008 @kindex keymap @r{(text property)}
bfe50f90f666 Update doc of local-map and keymap text properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41490
diff changeset
3009 The @code{keymap} property specifies an additional keymap for
51911
9c44faf04f59 (Special Properties): local-map and keymap properties
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51702
diff changeset
3010 commands. The property's value for the character before point applies
9c44faf04f59 (Special Properties): local-map and keymap properties
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51702
diff changeset
3011 if it is non-@code{nil} and rear-sticky, and the property's value for
9c44faf04f59 (Special Properties): local-map and keymap properties
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51702
diff changeset
3012 the character after point applies if it is non-@code{nil} and
53435
0f3abb6bbf27 (Examining Properties): Add get-char-property-and-overlay.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
3013 front-sticky. (For mouse clicks, the position of the click is used
0f3abb6bbf27 (Examining Properties): Add get-char-property-and-overlay.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
3014 instead of the position of point.) If the property value is a symbol,
0f3abb6bbf27 (Examining Properties): Add get-char-property-and-overlay.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
3015 the symbol's function definition is used as the keymap.
0f3abb6bbf27 (Examining Properties): Add get-char-property-and-overlay.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
3016
0f3abb6bbf27 (Examining Properties): Add get-char-property-and-overlay.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
3017 When this keymap applies, it is used for key lookup before the minor
0f3abb6bbf27 (Examining Properties): Add get-char-property-and-overlay.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
3018 mode keymaps and before the buffer's local map. @xref{Active
0f3abb6bbf27 (Examining Properties): Add get-char-property-and-overlay.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
3019 Keymaps}.
43907
bfe50f90f666 Update doc of local-map and keymap text properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41490
diff changeset
3020
29102
ba9cfbfc601e *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 29076
diff changeset
3021 @item local-map
ba9cfbfc601e *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 29076
diff changeset
3022 @kindex local-map @r{(text property)}
51911
9c44faf04f59 (Special Properties): local-map and keymap properties
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51702
diff changeset
3023 This property works like @code{keymap} except that it specifies a
9c44faf04f59 (Special Properties): local-map and keymap properties
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51702
diff changeset
3024 keymap to use @emph{instead of} the buffer's local map. For most
9c44faf04f59 (Special Properties): local-map and keymap properties
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51702
diff changeset
3025 purposes (perhaps all purposes), the @code{keymap} is superior.
34000
bbedc7c6ec6f keymap property
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 33911
diff changeset
3026
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3027 @item syntax-table
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3028 The @code{syntax-table} property overrides what the syntax table says
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3029 about this particular character. @xref{Syntax Properties}.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3030
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3031 @item read-only
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3032 @cindex read-only character
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3033 @kindex read-only @r{(text property)}
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3034 If a character has the property @code{read-only}, then modifying that
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3035 character is not allowed. Any command that would do so gets an error,
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3036 @code{text-read-only}.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3037
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3038 Insertion next to a read-only character is an error if inserting
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3039 ordinary text there would inherit the @code{read-only} property due to
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3040 stickiness. Thus, you can control permission to insert next to
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3041 read-only text by controlling the stickiness. @xref{Sticky Properties}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3042
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3043 Since changing properties counts as modifying the buffer, it is not
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3044 possible to remove a @code{read-only} property unless you know the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3045 special trick: bind @code{inhibit-read-only} to a non-@code{nil} value
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3046 and then remove the property. @xref{Read Only Buffers}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3047
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3048 @item invisible
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3049 @kindex invisible @r{(text property)}
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
3050 A non-@code{nil} @code{invisible} property can make a character invisible
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
3051 on the screen. @xref{Invisible Text}, for details.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3052
6782
5b07647ec8f7 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6558
diff changeset
3053 @item intangible
5b07647ec8f7 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6558
diff changeset
3054 @kindex intangible @r{(text property)}
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
3055 If a group of consecutive characters have equal and non-@code{nil}
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
3056 @code{intangible} properties, then you cannot place point between them.
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
3057 If you try to move point forward into the group, point actually moves to
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
3058 the end of the group. If you try to move point backward into the group,
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
3059 point actually moves to the start of the group.
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
3060
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
3061 When the variable @code{inhibit-point-motion-hooks} is non-@code{nil},
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
3062 the @code{intangible} property is ignored.
6782
5b07647ec8f7 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6558
diff changeset
3063
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3064 @item field
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3065 @kindex field @r{(text property)}
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3066 Consecutive characters with the same @code{field} property constitute a
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3067 @dfn{field}. Some motion functions including @code{forward-word} and
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3068 @code{beginning-of-line} stop moving at a field boundary.
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3069 @xref{Fields}.
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3070
57192
ba03d6f29083 (Special Properties): Add `cursor', `pointer',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 54916
diff changeset
3071 @item cursor
ba03d6f29083 (Special Properties): Add `cursor', `pointer',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 54916
diff changeset
3072 @kindex cursor @r{(text property)}
ba03d6f29083 (Special Properties): Add `cursor', `pointer',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 54916
diff changeset
3073 Normally, the cursor is displayed at the end of any overlay and text
57222
f0af4b0029b5 (Special Properties): Cleanups in `cursor'.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 57192
diff changeset
3074 property strings present at the current window position. You can
f0af4b0029b5 (Special Properties): Cleanups in `cursor'.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 57192
diff changeset
3075 place the cursor on any desired character of these strings by giving
57192
ba03d6f29083 (Special Properties): Add `cursor', `pointer',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 54916
diff changeset
3076 that character a non-@code{nil} @var{cursor} text property.
ba03d6f29083 (Special Properties): Add `cursor', `pointer',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 54916
diff changeset
3077
ba03d6f29083 (Special Properties): Add `cursor', `pointer',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 54916
diff changeset
3078 @item pointer
ba03d6f29083 (Special Properties): Add `cursor', `pointer',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 54916
diff changeset
3079 @kindex pointer @r{(text property)}
ba03d6f29083 (Special Properties): Add `cursor', `pointer',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 54916
diff changeset
3080 This specifies a specific pointer shape when the mouse pointer is over
ba03d6f29083 (Special Properties): Add `cursor', `pointer',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 54916
diff changeset
3081 this text or image. See the variable @var{void-area-text-pointer}
ba03d6f29083 (Special Properties): Add `cursor', `pointer',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 54916
diff changeset
3082 for possible pointer shapes.
ba03d6f29083 (Special Properties): Add `cursor', `pointer',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 54916
diff changeset
3083
57222
f0af4b0029b5 (Special Properties): Cleanups in `cursor'.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 57192
diff changeset
3084 @item line-spacing
f0af4b0029b5 (Special Properties): Cleanups in `cursor'.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 57192
diff changeset
3085 @kindex line-spacing @r{(text property)}
57253
1aa63962c3cf (Special Properties): Clarify line-spacing and line-height.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 57222
diff changeset
3086 A newline can have a @code{line-spacing} text or overlay property that
1aa63962c3cf (Special Properties): Clarify line-spacing and line-height.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 57222
diff changeset
3087 controls the height of the display line ending with that newline. The
1aa63962c3cf (Special Properties): Clarify line-spacing and line-height.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 57222
diff changeset
3088 property value overrides the default frame line spacing and the buffer
58886
bf57a566c090 * text.texi (Special Properties): Just mention line-spacing and
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 58748
diff changeset
3089 local @code{line-spacing} variable. @xref{Line Height}.
57222
f0af4b0029b5 (Special Properties): Cleanups in `cursor'.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 57192
diff changeset
3090
57192
ba03d6f29083 (Special Properties): Add `cursor', `pointer',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 54916
diff changeset
3091 @item line-height
ba03d6f29083 (Special Properties): Add `cursor', `pointer',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 54916
diff changeset
3092 @kindex line-height @r{(text property)}
57222
f0af4b0029b5 (Special Properties): Cleanups in `cursor'.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 57192
diff changeset
3093 A newline can have a @code{line-height} text or overlay property that
57253
1aa63962c3cf (Special Properties): Clarify line-spacing and line-height.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 57222
diff changeset
3094 controls the total height of the display line ending in that newline.
58886
bf57a566c090 * text.texi (Special Properties): Just mention line-spacing and
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 58748
diff changeset
3095 @xref{Line Height}.
57192
ba03d6f29083 (Special Properties): Add `cursor', `pointer',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 54916
diff changeset
3096
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3097 @item modification-hooks
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3098 @cindex change hooks for a character
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3099 @cindex hooks for changing a character
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3100 @kindex modification-hooks @r{(text property)}
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3101 If a character has the property @code{modification-hooks}, then its
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3102 value should be a list of functions; modifying that character calls all
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3103 of those functions. Each function receives two arguments: the beginning
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3104 and end of the part of the buffer being modified. Note that if a
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3105 particular modification hook function appears on several characters
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3106 being modified by a single primitive, you can't predict how many times
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3107 the function will be called.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3108
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3109 @item insert-in-front-hooks
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3110 @itemx insert-behind-hooks
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3111 @kindex insert-in-front-hooks @r{(text property)}
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3112 @kindex insert-behind-hooks @r{(text property)}
16398
71e49abd5906 Clarify how insert-in-front-hooks and insert-behind-hooks are used.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15760
diff changeset
3113 The operation of inserting text in a buffer also calls the functions
71e49abd5906 Clarify how insert-in-front-hooks and insert-behind-hooks are used.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15760
diff changeset
3114 listed in the @code{insert-in-front-hooks} property of the following
71e49abd5906 Clarify how insert-in-front-hooks and insert-behind-hooks are used.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15760
diff changeset
3115 character and in the @code{insert-behind-hooks} property of the
71e49abd5906 Clarify how insert-in-front-hooks and insert-behind-hooks are used.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15760
diff changeset
3116 preceding character. These functions receive two arguments, the
71e49abd5906 Clarify how insert-in-front-hooks and insert-behind-hooks are used.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15760
diff changeset
3117 beginning and end of the inserted text. The functions are called
71e49abd5906 Clarify how insert-in-front-hooks and insert-behind-hooks are used.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15760
diff changeset
3118 @emph{after} the actual insertion takes place.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3119
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3120 See also @ref{Change Hooks}, for other hooks that are called
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3121 when you change text in a buffer.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3122
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3123 @item point-entered
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3124 @itemx point-left
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3125 @cindex hooks for motion of point
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3126 @kindex point-entered @r{(text property)}
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3127 @kindex point-left @r{(text property)}
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3128 The special properties @code{point-entered} and @code{point-left}
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3129 record hook functions that report motion of point. Each time point
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3130 moves, Emacs compares these two property values:
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3131
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3132 @itemize @bullet
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3133 @item
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3134 the @code{point-left} property of the character after the old location,
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3135 and
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3136 @item
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3137 the @code{point-entered} property of the character after the new
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3138 location.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3139 @end itemize
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3140
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3141 @noindent
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3142 If these two values differ, each of them is called (if not @code{nil})
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3143 with two arguments: the old value of point, and the new one.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3144
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3145 The same comparison is made for the characters before the old and new
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3146 locations. The result may be to execute two @code{point-left} functions
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3147 (which may be the same function) and/or two @code{point-entered}
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
3148 functions (which may be the same function). In any case, all the
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
3149 @code{point-left} functions are called first, followed by all the
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
3150 @code{point-entered} functions.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3151
54041
bb6e41200945 Minor fixes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 53435
diff changeset
3152 It is possible with @code{char-after} to examine characters at various
bb6e41200945 Minor fixes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 53435
diff changeset
3153 buffer positions without moving point to those positions. Only an
bb6e41200945 Minor fixes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 53435
diff changeset
3154 actual change in the value of point runs these hook functions.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3155 @end table
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3156
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3157 @defvar inhibit-point-motion-hooks
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3158 When this variable is non-@code{nil}, @code{point-left} and
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
3159 @code{point-entered} hooks are not run, and the @code{intangible}
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3160 property has no effect. Do not set this variable globally; bind it with
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3161 @code{let}.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3162 @end defvar
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3163
31079
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
3164 @defvar show-help-function
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
3165 @tindex show-help-function
31372
3004c92de7b0 help-echo stuff
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31079
diff changeset
3166 @anchor{Help display} If this variable is non-@code{nil}, it specifies a
3004c92de7b0 help-echo stuff
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31079
diff changeset
3167 function called to display help strings. These may be @code{help-echo}
3004c92de7b0 help-echo stuff
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31079
diff changeset
3168 properties, menu help strings (@pxref{Simple Menu Items},
3004c92de7b0 help-echo stuff
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31079
diff changeset
3169 @pxref{Extended Menu Items}), or tool bar help strings (@pxref{Tool
3004c92de7b0 help-echo stuff
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31079
diff changeset
3170 Bar}). The specified function is called with one argument, the help
38581
9f3e1a8c8870 Fixing some typos.
Werner LEMBERG <wl@gnu.org>
parents: 34000
diff changeset
3171 string to display. Tooltip mode (@pxref{Tooltips,,, emacs, The GNU Emacs
9f3e1a8c8870 Fixing some typos.
Werner LEMBERG <wl@gnu.org>
parents: 34000
diff changeset
3172 Manual}) provides an example.
31079
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
3173 @end defvar
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
3174
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
3175 @node Format Properties
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
3176 @subsection Formatted Text Properties
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
3177
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
3178 These text properties affect the behavior of the fill commands. They
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
3179 are used for representing formatted text. @xref{Filling}, and
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
3180 @ref{Margins}.
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
3181
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
3182 @table @code
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
3183 @item hard
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
3184 If a newline character has this property, it is a ``hard'' newline.
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
3185 The fill commands do not alter hard newlines and do not move words
59880
8e65810e7f24 (User-Level Deletion): just-one-space takes numeric arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59838
diff changeset
3186 across them. However, this property takes effect only if the
8e65810e7f24 (User-Level Deletion): just-one-space takes numeric arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59838
diff changeset
3187 @code{use-hard-newlines} minor mode is enabled. @xref{Hard and Soft
8e65810e7f24 (User-Level Deletion): just-one-space takes numeric arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59838
diff changeset
3188 Newlines,, Hard and Soft Newlines, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}.
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
3189
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
3190 @item right-margin
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
3191 This property specifies an extra right margin for filling this part of the
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
3192 text.
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
3193
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
3194 @item left-margin
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
3195 This property specifies an extra left margin for filling this part of the
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
3196 text.
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
3197
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
3198 @item justification
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
3199 This property specifies the style of justification for filling this part
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
3200 of the text.
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
3201 @end table
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 11555
diff changeset
3202
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3203 @node Sticky Properties
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3204 @subsection Stickiness of Text Properties
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3205 @cindex sticky text properties
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3206 @cindex inheritance of text properties
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3207
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3208 Self-inserting characters normally take on the same properties as the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3209 preceding character. This is called @dfn{inheritance} of properties.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3210
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3211 In a Lisp program, you can do insertion with inheritance or without,
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3212 depending on your choice of insertion primitive. The ordinary text
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3213 insertion functions such as @code{insert} do not inherit any properties.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3214 They insert text with precisely the properties of the string being
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3215 inserted, and no others. This is correct for programs that copy text
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
3216 from one context to another---for example, into or out of the kill ring.
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
3217 To insert with inheritance, use the special primitives described in this
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
3218 section. Self-inserting characters inherit properties because they work
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
3219 using these primitives.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3220
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3221 When you do insertion with inheritance, @emph{which} properties are
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3222 inherited, and from where, depends on which properties are @dfn{sticky}.
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3223 Insertion after a character inherits those of its properties that are
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3224 @dfn{rear-sticky}. Insertion before a character inherits those of its
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3225 properties that are @dfn{front-sticky}. When both sides offer different
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3226 sticky values for the same property, the previous character's value
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3227 takes precedence.
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3228
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3229 By default, a text property is rear-sticky but not front-sticky; thus,
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3230 the default is to inherit all the properties of the preceding character,
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3231 and nothing from the following character.
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3232
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3233 You can control the stickiness of various text properties with two
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3234 specific text properties, @code{front-sticky} and @code{rear-nonsticky},
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3235 and with the variable @code{text-property-default-nonsticky}. You can
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3236 use the variable to specify a different default for a given property.
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3237 You can use those two text properties to make any specific properties
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3238 sticky or nonsticky in any particular part of the text.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3239
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3240 If a character's @code{front-sticky} property is @code{t}, then all
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3241 its properties are front-sticky. If the @code{front-sticky} property is
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3242 a list, then the sticky properties of the character are those whose
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3243 names are in the list. For example, if a character has a
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3244 @code{front-sticky} property whose value is @code{(face read-only)},
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3245 then insertion before the character can inherit its @code{face} property
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3246 and its @code{read-only} property, but no others.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3247
27374
0f5edee5242b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27189
diff changeset
3248 The @code{rear-nonsticky} property works the opposite way. Most
0f5edee5242b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27189
diff changeset
3249 properties are rear-sticky by default, so the @code{rear-nonsticky}
0f5edee5242b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27189
diff changeset
3250 property says which properties are @emph{not} rear-sticky. If a
0f5edee5242b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27189
diff changeset
3251 character's @code{rear-nonsticky} property is @code{t}, then none of its
0f5edee5242b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27189
diff changeset
3252 properties are rear-sticky. If the @code{rear-nonsticky} property is a
0f5edee5242b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27189
diff changeset
3253 list, properties are rear-sticky @emph{unless} their names are in the
0f5edee5242b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27189
diff changeset
3254 list.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3255
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3256 @defvar text-property-default-nonsticky
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3257 @tindex text-property-default-nonsticky
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3258 This variable holds an alist which defines the default rear-stickiness
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3259 of various text properties. Each element has the form
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3260 @code{(@var{property} . @var{nonstickiness})}, and it defines the
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3261 stickiness of a particular text property, @var{property}.
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3262
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3263 If @var{nonstickiness} is non-@code{nil}, this means that the property
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3264 @var{property} is rear-nonsticky by default. Since all properties are
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3265 front-nonsticky by default, this makes @var{property} nonsticky in both
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3266 directions by default.
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3267
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3268 The text properties @code{front-sticky} and @code{rear-nonsticky}, when
47475
ee41d5989edf Fix typo.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 45750
diff changeset
3269 used, take precedence over the default @var{nonstickiness} specified in
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3270 @code{text-property-default-nonsticky}.
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3271 @end defvar
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3272
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3273 Here are the functions that insert text with inheritance of properties:
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3274
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3275 @defun insert-and-inherit &rest strings
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3276 Insert the strings @var{strings}, just like the function @code{insert},
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3277 but inherit any sticky properties from the adjoining text.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3278 @end defun
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3279
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3280 @defun insert-before-markers-and-inherit &rest strings
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3281 Insert the strings @var{strings}, just like the function
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3282 @code{insert-before-markers}, but inherit any sticky properties from the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3283 adjoining text.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3284 @end defun
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3285
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3286 @xref{Insertion}, for the ordinary insertion functions which do not
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3287 inherit.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3288
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3289 @node Saving Properties
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
3290 @subsection Saving Text Properties in Files
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3291 @cindex text properties in files
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3292 @cindex saving text properties
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3293
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3294 You can save text properties in files (along with the text itself),
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3295 and restore the same text properties when visiting or inserting the
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3296 files, using these two hooks:
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3297
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
3298 @defvar write-region-annotate-functions
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3299 This variable's value is a list of functions for @code{write-region} to
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3300 run to encode text properties in some fashion as annotations to the text
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3301 being written in the file. @xref{Writing to Files}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3302
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3303 Each function in the list is called with two arguments: the start and
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3304 end of the region to be written. These functions should not alter the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3305 contents of the buffer. Instead, they should return lists indicating
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3306 annotations to write in the file in addition to the text in the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3307 buffer.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3308
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3309 Each function should return a list of elements of the form
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3310 @code{(@var{position} . @var{string})}, where @var{position} is an
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3311 integer specifying the relative position within the text to be written,
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3312 and @var{string} is the annotation to add there.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3313
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3314 Each list returned by one of these functions must be already sorted in
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3315 increasing order by @var{position}. If there is more than one function,
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3316 @code{write-region} merges the lists destructively into one sorted list.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3317
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3318 When @code{write-region} actually writes the text from the buffer to the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3319 file, it intermixes the specified annotations at the corresponding
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3320 positions. All this takes place without modifying the buffer.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3321 @end defvar
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3322
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3323 @defvar after-insert-file-functions
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3324 This variable holds a list of functions for @code{insert-file-contents}
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3325 to call after inserting a file's contents. These functions should scan
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3326 the inserted text for annotations, and convert them to the text
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3327 properties they stand for.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3328
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3329 Each function receives one argument, the length of the inserted text;
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3330 point indicates the start of that text. The function should scan that
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3331 text for annotations, delete them, and create the text properties that
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3332 the annotations specify. The function should return the updated length
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3333 of the inserted text, as it stands after those changes. The value
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3334 returned by one function becomes the argument to the next function.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3335
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3336 These functions should always return with point at the beginning of
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3337 the inserted text.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3338
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3339 The intended use of @code{after-insert-file-functions} is for converting
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3340 some sort of textual annotations into actual text properties. But other
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3341 uses may be possible.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3342 @end defvar
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3343
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3344 We invite users to write Lisp programs to store and retrieve text
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3345 properties in files, using these hooks, and thus to experiment with
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 49184
diff changeset
3346 various data formats and find good ones. Eventually we hope users
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3347 will produce good, general extensions we can install in Emacs.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3348
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3349 We suggest not trying to handle arbitrary Lisp objects as text property
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3350 names or values---because a program that general is probably difficult
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3351 to write, and slow. Instead, choose a set of possible data types that
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3352 are reasonably flexible, and not too hard to encode.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3353
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
3354 @xref{Format Conversion}, for a related feature.
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
3355
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
3356 @c ??? In next edition, merge this info Format Conversion.
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
3357
15760
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3358 @node Lazy Properties
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3359 @subsection Lazy Computation of Text Properties
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3360
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3361 Instead of computing text properties for all the text in the buffer,
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3362 you can arrange to compute the text properties for parts of the text
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3363 when and if something depends on them.
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3364
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3365 The primitive that extracts text from the buffer along with its
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3366 properties is @code{buffer-substring}. Before examining the properties,
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3367 this function runs the abnormal hook @code{buffer-access-fontify-functions}.
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3368
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3369 @defvar buffer-access-fontify-functions
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3370 This variable holds a list of functions for computing text properties.
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3371 Before @code{buffer-substring} copies the text and text properties for a
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3372 portion of the buffer, it calls all the functions in this list. Each of
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3373 the functions receives two arguments that specify the range of the
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3374 buffer being accessed. (The buffer itself is always the current
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3375 buffer.)
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3376 @end defvar
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3377
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3378 The function @code{buffer-substring-no-properties} does not call these
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3379 functions, since it ignores text properties anyway.
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3380
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3381 In order to prevent the hook functions from being called more than
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3382 once for the same part of the buffer, you can use the variable
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3383 @code{buffer-access-fontified-property}.
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3384
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3385 @defvar buffer-access-fontified-property
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3386 If this value's variable is non-@code{nil}, it is a symbol which is used
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3387 as a text property name. A non-@code{nil} value for that text property
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3388 means, ``the other text properties for this character have already been
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3389 computed.''
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3390
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3391 If all the characters in the range specified for @code{buffer-substring}
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3392 have a non-@code{nil} value for this property, @code{buffer-substring}
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3393 does not call the @code{buffer-access-fontify-functions} functions. It
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3394 assumes these characters already have the right text properties, and
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3395 just copies the properties they already have.
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3396
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3397 The normal way to use this feature is that the
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3398 @code{buffer-access-fontify-functions} functions add this property, as
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3399 well as others, to the characters they operate on. That way, they avoid
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3400 being called over and over for the same text.
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3401 @end defvar
0489cb739a5f (Lazy Properties): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 13109
diff changeset
3402
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3403 @node Clickable Text
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3404 @subsection Defining Clickable Text
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3405 @cindex clickable text
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3406
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3407 There are two ways to set up @dfn{clickable text} in a buffer.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3408 There are typically two parts of this: to make the text highlight
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3409 when the mouse is over it, and to make a mouse button do something
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3410 when you click it on that part of the text.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3411
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3412 Highlighting is done with the @code{mouse-face} text property.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3413 Here is an example of how Dired does it:
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3414
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3415 @smallexample
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3416 (condition-case nil
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3417 (if (dired-move-to-filename)
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3418 (put-text-property (point)
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3419 (save-excursion
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3420 (dired-move-to-end-of-filename)
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3421 (point))
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3422 'mouse-face 'highlight))
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3423 (error nil))
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3424 @end smallexample
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3425
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3426 @noindent
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3427 The first two arguments to @code{put-text-property} specify the
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3428 beginning and end of the text.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3429
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3430 The usual way to make the mouse do something when you click it
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3431 on this text is to define @code{mouse-2} in the major mode's
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3432 keymap. The job of checking whether the click was on clickable text
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3433 is done by the command definition. Here is how Dired does it:
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3434
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3435 @smallexample
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3436 (defun dired-mouse-find-file-other-window (event)
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3437 "In dired, visit the file or directory name you click on."
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3438 (interactive "e")
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3439 (let (file)
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3440 (save-excursion
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3441 (set-buffer (window-buffer (posn-window (event-end event))))
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3442 (save-excursion
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3443 (goto-char (posn-point (event-end event)))
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3444 (setq file (dired-get-filename))))
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3445 (select-window (posn-window (event-end event)))
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3446 (find-file-other-window (file-name-sans-versions file t))))
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3447 @end smallexample
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3448
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3449 @noindent
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3450 The reason for the outer @code{save-excursion} construct is to avoid
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3451 changing the current buffer; the reason for the inner one is to avoid
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3452 permanently altering point in the buffer you click on. In this case,
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3453 Dired uses the function @code{dired-get-filename} to determine which
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3454 file to visit, based on the position found in the event.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3455
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3456 Instead of defining a mouse command for the major mode, you can define
31586
b51dba45cbe7 (Clickable Text): Fix example.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31372
diff changeset
3457 a key binding for the clickable text itself, using the @code{keymap}
29102
ba9cfbfc601e *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 29076
diff changeset
3458 text property:
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3459
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3460 @example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3461 (let ((map (make-sparse-keymap)))
31586
b51dba45cbe7 (Clickable Text): Fix example.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31372
diff changeset
3462 (define-key map [mouse-2] 'operate-this-button)
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3463 (put-text-property (point)
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3464 (save-excursion
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3465 (dired-move-to-end-of-filename)
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3466 (point))
31586
b51dba45cbe7 (Clickable Text): Fix example.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31372
diff changeset
3467 'keymap map))
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3468 @end example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3469
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3470 @noindent
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3471 This method makes it possible to define different commands for various
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3472 clickable pieces of text. Also, the major mode definition (or the
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3473 global definition) remains available for the rest of the text in the
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3474 buffer.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3475
59504
66f927c186ac (Links and Mouse-1): Rename section from Enabling
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59494
diff changeset
3476 @node Links and Mouse-1
66f927c186ac (Links and Mouse-1): Rename section from Enabling
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59494
diff changeset
3477 @subsection Links and Mouse-1
59464
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3478 @cindex follow links
59504
66f927c186ac (Links and Mouse-1): Rename section from Enabling
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59494
diff changeset
3479 @cindex mouse-1
59464
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3480
59494
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3481 The normal Emacs command for activating text in read-only buffers is
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3482 @key{Mouse-2}, which includes following textual links. However, most
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3483 graphical applications use @key{Mouse-1} for following links. For
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3484 compatibility, @key{Mouse-1} follows links in Emacs too, when you
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3485 click on a link quickly without moving the mouse. The user can
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3486 customize this behaviour through the variable
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3487 @code{mouse-1-click-follows-link}.
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3488
59504
66f927c186ac (Links and Mouse-1): Rename section from Enabling
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59494
diff changeset
3489 To define text as a link at the Lisp level, you should bind the
59524
8f17a7431c8a (Links and Mouse-1): Clarify text.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59504
diff changeset
3490 @code{mouse-2} event to a command to follow the link. Then, to indicate that
8f17a7431c8a (Links and Mouse-1): Clarify text.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59504
diff changeset
3491 @key{Mouse-1} should also follow the link, you should specify a
8f17a7431c8a (Links and Mouse-1): Clarify text.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59504
diff changeset
3492 @code{follow-link} condition either as a text property or as a key
8f17a7431c8a (Links and Mouse-1): Clarify text.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59504
diff changeset
3493 binding:
59464
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3494
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3495 @table @asis
59494
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3496 @item @code{follow-link} property
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3497 If the clickable text has a non-@code{nil} @code{follow-link} text or overlay
59524
8f17a7431c8a (Links and Mouse-1): Clarify text.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59504
diff changeset
3498 property, that specifies the condition.
59464
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3499
59494
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3500 @item @code{follow-link} event
59524
8f17a7431c8a (Links and Mouse-1): Clarify text.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59504
diff changeset
3501 If there is a binding for the @code{follow-link} event, either on the
8f17a7431c8a (Links and Mouse-1): Clarify text.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59504
diff changeset
3502 clickable text or in the local keymap, the binding is the condition.
59494
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3503 @end table
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3504
59524
8f17a7431c8a (Links and Mouse-1): Clarify text.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59504
diff changeset
3505 Regardless of how you set the @code{follow-link} condition, its
8f17a7431c8a (Links and Mouse-1): Clarify text.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59504
diff changeset
3506 value is used as follows to determine whether the given position is
8f17a7431c8a (Links and Mouse-1): Clarify text.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59504
diff changeset
3507 inside a link, and (if so) to compute an @dfn{action code} saying how
8f17a7431c8a (Links and Mouse-1): Clarify text.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59504
diff changeset
3508 @key{Mouse-1} should handle the link.
59464
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3509
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3510 @table @asis
59494
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3511 @item @code{mouse-face}
59524
8f17a7431c8a (Links and Mouse-1): Clarify text.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59504
diff changeset
3512 If the condition is @code{mouse-face}, a position is inside a link if
59494
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3513 there is a non-@code{nil} @code{mouse-face} property at that position.
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3514 The action code is always @code{t}.
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3515
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3516 For example, here is how Info mode handles @key{Mouse-1}:
59464
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3517
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3518 @example
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3519 (define-key Info-mode-map [follow-link] 'mouse-face)
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3520 @end example
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3521
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3522 @item a function
59524
8f17a7431c8a (Links and Mouse-1): Clarify text.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59504
diff changeset
3523 If the condition is a valid function, @var{func}, then a position
8f17a7431c8a (Links and Mouse-1): Clarify text.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59504
diff changeset
3524 @var{pos} is inside a link if @code{(@var{func} @var{pos})} evaluates
8f17a7431c8a (Links and Mouse-1): Clarify text.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59504
diff changeset
3525 to non-@code{nil}. The value returned by @var{func} serves as the
8f17a7431c8a (Links and Mouse-1): Clarify text.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59504
diff changeset
3526 action code.
59494
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3527
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3528 For example, here is how pcvs enables @key{Mouse-1} to follow links on
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3529 file names only:
59464
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3530
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3531 @example
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3532 (define-key map [follow-link]
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3533 (lambda (pos)
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3534 (if (eq (get-char-property pos 'face) 'cvs-filename-face) t)))
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3535 @end example
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3536
59494
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3537 @item anything else
59524
8f17a7431c8a (Links and Mouse-1): Clarify text.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59504
diff changeset
3538 If the condition value is anything else, then the position is inside a
8f17a7431c8a (Links and Mouse-1): Clarify text.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59504
diff changeset
3539 link and the condition itself is the action code. Clearly you should
8f17a7431c8a (Links and Mouse-1): Clarify text.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59504
diff changeset
3540 only specify this kind of condition on the text that constitutes a
8f17a7431c8a (Links and Mouse-1): Clarify text.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59504
diff changeset
3541 link.
59464
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3542 @end table
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3543
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3544 @noindent
59524
8f17a7431c8a (Links and Mouse-1): Clarify text.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59504
diff changeset
3545 The action code tells @key{Mouse-1} how to follow the link:
59464
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3546
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3547 @table @asis
59533
2a346f1b2a9f (Links and Mouse-1): Fix string and vector item.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59524
diff changeset
3548 @item a string or vector
59524
8f17a7431c8a (Links and Mouse-1): Clarify text.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59504
diff changeset
3549 If the action code is a string or vector, the @key{Mouse-1} event is
8f17a7431c8a (Links and Mouse-1): Clarify text.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59504
diff changeset
3550 translated into the first element of the string or vector; i.e., the
8f17a7431c8a (Links and Mouse-1): Clarify text.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59504
diff changeset
3551 action of the @key{Mouse-1} click is the local or global binding of
59533
2a346f1b2a9f (Links and Mouse-1): Fix string and vector item.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59524
diff changeset
3552 that character or symbol. Thus, if the action code is @code{"foo"},
59524
8f17a7431c8a (Links and Mouse-1): Clarify text.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59504
diff changeset
3553 @key{Mouse-1} translates into @kbd{f}. If it is @code{[foo]},
8f17a7431c8a (Links and Mouse-1): Clarify text.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59504
diff changeset
3554 @key{Mouse-1} translates into @key{foo}.
59494
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3555
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3556 @item anything else
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3557 For any other non-@code{nil} action code, the @code{mouse-1} event is
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3558 translated into a @code{mouse-2} event at the same position.
59464
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3559 @end table
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3560
59494
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3561 To define @key{Mouse-1} to activate a button defined with
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3562 @code{define-button-type}, give the button a @code{follow-link}
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3563 property with a value as specified above to determine how to follow
59504
66f927c186ac (Links and Mouse-1): Rename section from Enabling
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59494
diff changeset
3564 the link. For example, here is how Help mode handles @key{Mouse-1}:
66f927c186ac (Links and Mouse-1): Rename section from Enabling
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59494
diff changeset
3565
66f927c186ac (Links and Mouse-1): Rename section from Enabling
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59494
diff changeset
3566 @smallexample
66f927c186ac (Links and Mouse-1): Rename section from Enabling
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59494
diff changeset
3567 (define-button-type 'help-xref
66f927c186ac (Links and Mouse-1): Rename section from Enabling
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59494
diff changeset
3568 'follow-link t
66f927c186ac (Links and Mouse-1): Rename section from Enabling
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59494
diff changeset
3569 'action #'help-button-action)
66f927c186ac (Links and Mouse-1): Rename section from Enabling
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59494
diff changeset
3570 @end smallexample
59494
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3571
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3572 To define @key{Mouse-1} on a widget defined with
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3573 @code{define-widget}, give the widget a @code{:follow-link} property
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3574 with a value as specified above to determine how to follow the link.
59504
66f927c186ac (Links and Mouse-1): Rename section from Enabling
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59494
diff changeset
3575
66f927c186ac (Links and Mouse-1): Rename section from Enabling
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59494
diff changeset
3576 For example, here is how the @code{link} widget specifies that
66f927c186ac (Links and Mouse-1): Rename section from Enabling
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59494
diff changeset
3577 a @key{Mouse-1} click shall be translated to @key{RET}:
66f927c186ac (Links and Mouse-1): Rename section from Enabling
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59494
diff changeset
3578
66f927c186ac (Links and Mouse-1): Rename section from Enabling
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59494
diff changeset
3579 @smallexample
66f927c186ac (Links and Mouse-1): Rename section from Enabling
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59494
diff changeset
3580 (define-widget 'link 'item
66f927c186ac (Links and Mouse-1): Rename section from Enabling
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59494
diff changeset
3581 "An embedded link."
66f927c186ac (Links and Mouse-1): Rename section from Enabling
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59494
diff changeset
3582 :button-prefix 'widget-link-prefix
66f927c186ac (Links and Mouse-1): Rename section from Enabling
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59494
diff changeset
3583 :button-suffix 'widget-link-suffix
66f927c186ac (Links and Mouse-1): Rename section from Enabling
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59494
diff changeset
3584 :follow-link "\C-m"
66f927c186ac (Links and Mouse-1): Rename section from Enabling
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59494
diff changeset
3585 :help-echo "Follow the link."
66f927c186ac (Links and Mouse-1): Rename section from Enabling
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59494
diff changeset
3586 :format "%[%t%]")
66f927c186ac (Links and Mouse-1): Rename section from Enabling
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59494
diff changeset
3587 @end smallexample
59464
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3588
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3589 @defun mouse-on-link-p pos
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3590 @tindex mouse-on-link-p
59494
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3591 This function returns non-@code{nil} if position @var{pos} in the
d8cf3d034936 (Enabling Mouse-1 to Follow Links): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59464
diff changeset
3592 current buffer is on a link.
59464
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3593 @end defun
07659a11876d (Text Properties): Add "Enable Mouse-1" to submenu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59391
diff changeset
3594
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3595 @node Fields
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3596 @subsection Defining and Using Fields
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3597 @cindex fields
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3598
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3599 A field is a range of consecutive characters in the buffer that are
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3600 identified by having the same value (comparing with @code{eq}) of the
32091
0c00f9d38595 (Fields):
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31586
diff changeset
3601 @code{field} property (either a text-property or an overlay property).
0c00f9d38595 (Fields):
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31586
diff changeset
3602 This section describes special functions that are available for
0c00f9d38595 (Fields):
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31586
diff changeset
3603 operating on fields.
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3604
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3605 You specify a field with a buffer position, @var{pos}. We think of
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3606 each field as containing a range of buffer positions, so the position
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3607 you specify stands for the field containing that position.
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3608
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3609 When the characters before and after @var{pos} are part of the same
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3610 field, there is no doubt which field contains @var{pos}: the one those
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3611 characters both belong to. When @var{pos} is at a boundary between
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3612 fields, which field it belongs to depends on the stickiness of the
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3613 @code{field} properties of the two surrounding characters (@pxref{Sticky
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3614 Properties}). The field whose property would be inherited by text
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3615 inserted at @var{pos} is the field that contains @var{pos}.
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3616
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3617 There is an anomalous case where newly inserted text at @var{pos}
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3618 would not inherit the @code{field} property from either side. This
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3619 happens if the previous character's @code{field} property is not
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3620 rear-sticky, and the following character's @code{field} property is not
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3621 front-sticky. In this case, @var{pos} belongs to neither the preceding
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3622 field nor the following field; the field functions treat it as belonging
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3623 to an empty field whose beginning and end are both at @var{pos}.
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3624
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3625 In all of these functions, if @var{pos} is omitted or @code{nil}, the
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3626 value of point is used by default.
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3627
41490
794e4afabce0 (Fields): Describe new `limit' arg in field-beginning/field-end.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 40588
diff changeset
3628 @defun field-beginning &optional pos escape-from-edge limit
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3629 @tindex field-beginning
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3630 This function returns the beginning of the field specified by @var{pos}.
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3631
32091
0c00f9d38595 (Fields):
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31586
diff changeset
3632 If @var{pos} is at the beginning of its field, and
0c00f9d38595 (Fields):
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31586
diff changeset
3633 @var{escape-from-edge} is non-@code{nil}, then the return value is
0c00f9d38595 (Fields):
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31586
diff changeset
3634 always the beginning of the preceding field that @emph{ends} at @var{pos},
0c00f9d38595 (Fields):
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31586
diff changeset
3635 regardless of the stickiness of the @code{field} properties around
0c00f9d38595 (Fields):
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31586
diff changeset
3636 @var{pos}.
41490
794e4afabce0 (Fields): Describe new `limit' arg in field-beginning/field-end.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 40588
diff changeset
3637
794e4afabce0 (Fields): Describe new `limit' arg in field-beginning/field-end.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 40588
diff changeset
3638 If @var{limit} is non-@code{nil}, it is a buffer position; if the
794e4afabce0 (Fields): Describe new `limit' arg in field-beginning/field-end.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 40588
diff changeset
3639 beginning of the field is before @var{limit}, then @var{limit} will be
794e4afabce0 (Fields): Describe new `limit' arg in field-beginning/field-end.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 40588
diff changeset
3640 returned instead.
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3641 @end defun
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3642
41490
794e4afabce0 (Fields): Describe new `limit' arg in field-beginning/field-end.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 40588
diff changeset
3643 @defun field-end &optional pos escape-from-edge limit
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3644 @tindex field-end
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3645 This function returns the end of the field specified by @var{pos}.
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3646
32091
0c00f9d38595 (Fields):
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31586
diff changeset
3647 If @var{pos} is at the end of its field, and @var{escape-from-edge} is
0c00f9d38595 (Fields):
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31586
diff changeset
3648 non-@code{nil}, then the return value is always the end of the following
0c00f9d38595 (Fields):
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31586
diff changeset
3649 field that @emph{begins} at @var{pos}, regardless of the stickiness of
0c00f9d38595 (Fields):
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31586
diff changeset
3650 the @code{field} properties around @var{pos}.
41490
794e4afabce0 (Fields): Describe new `limit' arg in field-beginning/field-end.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 40588
diff changeset
3651
794e4afabce0 (Fields): Describe new `limit' arg in field-beginning/field-end.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 40588
diff changeset
3652 If @var{limit} is non-@code{nil}, it is a buffer position; if the end
794e4afabce0 (Fields): Describe new `limit' arg in field-beginning/field-end.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 40588
diff changeset
3653 of the field is after @var{limit}, then @var{limit} will be returned
794e4afabce0 (Fields): Describe new `limit' arg in field-beginning/field-end.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 40588
diff changeset
3654 instead.
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3655 @end defun
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3656
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3657 @defun field-string &optional pos
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3658 @tindex field-string
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3659 This function returns the contents of the field specified by @var{pos},
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3660 as a string.
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3661 @end defun
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3662
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3663 @defun field-string-no-properties &optional pos
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3664 @tindex field-string-no-properties
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3665 This function returns the contents of the field specified by @var{pos},
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3666 as a string, discarding text properties.
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3667 @end defun
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3668
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3669 @defun delete-field &optional pos
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3670 @tindex delete-field
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3671 This function deletes the text of the field specified by @var{pos}.
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3672 @end defun
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3673
32091
0c00f9d38595 (Fields):
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31586
diff changeset
3674 @defun constrain-to-field new-pos old-pos &optional escape-from-edge only-in-line inhibit-capture-property
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3675 @tindex constrain-to-field
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3676 This function ``constrains'' @var{new-pos} to the field that
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3677 @var{old-pos} belongs to---in other words, it returns the position
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3678 closest to @var{new-pos} that is in the same field as @var{old-pos}.
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3679
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3680 If @var{new-pos} is @code{nil}, then @code{constrain-to-field} uses
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3681 the value of point instead, and moves point to the resulting position.
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3682
27374
0f5edee5242b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27189
diff changeset
3683 If @var{old-pos} is at the boundary of two fields, then the acceptable
0f5edee5242b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27189
diff changeset
3684 positions for @var{new-pos} depend on the value of the optional argument
0f5edee5242b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27189
diff changeset
3685 @var{escape-from-edge}. If @var{escape-from-edge} is @code{nil}, then
0f5edee5242b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27189
diff changeset
3686 @var{new-pos} is constrained to the field that has the same @code{field}
32091
0c00f9d38595 (Fields):
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31586
diff changeset
3687 property (either a text-property or an overlay property) that new
0c00f9d38595 (Fields):
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31586
diff changeset
3688 characters inserted at @var{old-pos} would get. (This depends on the
0c00f9d38595 (Fields):
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31586
diff changeset
3689 stickiness of the @code{field} property for the characters before and
0c00f9d38595 (Fields):
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31586
diff changeset
3690 after @var{old-pos}.) If @var{escape-from-edge} is non-@code{nil},
0c00f9d38595 (Fields):
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31586
diff changeset
3691 @var{new-pos} is constrained to the union of the two adjacent fields.
0c00f9d38595 (Fields):
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31586
diff changeset
3692 Additionally, if two fields are separated by another field with the
0c00f9d38595 (Fields):
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31586
diff changeset
3693 special value @code{boundary}, then any point within this special field
0c00f9d38595 (Fields):
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31586
diff changeset
3694 is also considered to be ``on the boundary.''
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3695
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3696 If the optional argument @var{only-in-line} is non-@code{nil}, and
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3697 constraining @var{new-pos} in the usual way would move it to a different
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3698 line, @var{new-pos} is returned unconstrained. This used in commands
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3699 that move by line, such as @code{next-line} and
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3700 @code{beginning-of-line}, so that they respect field boundaries only in
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3701 the case where they can still move to the right line.
32091
0c00f9d38595 (Fields):
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31586
diff changeset
3702
0c00f9d38595 (Fields):
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31586
diff changeset
3703 If the optional argument @var{inhibit-capture-property} is
0c00f9d38595 (Fields):
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31586
diff changeset
3704 non-@code{nil}, and @var{old-pos} has a non-@code{nil} property of that
0c00f9d38595 (Fields):
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31586
diff changeset
3705 name, then any field boundaries are ignored.
0c00f9d38595 (Fields):
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31586
diff changeset
3706
0c00f9d38595 (Fields):
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31586
diff changeset
3707 You can cause @code{constrain-to-field} to ignore all field boundaries
0c00f9d38595 (Fields):
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 31586
diff changeset
3708 (and so never constrain anything) by binding the variable
51702
82502bf293e0 (Buffer Contents): Document current-word.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51446
diff changeset
3709 @code{inhibit-field-text-motion} to a non-@code{nil} value.
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3710 @end defun
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3711
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3712 @node Not Intervals
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3713 @subsection Why Text Properties are not Intervals
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3714 @cindex intervals
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3715
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3716 Some editors that support adding attributes to text in the buffer do
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3717 so by letting the user specify ``intervals'' within the text, and adding
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3718 the properties to the intervals. Those editors permit the user or the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3719 programmer to determine where individual intervals start and end. We
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3720 deliberately provided a different sort of interface in Emacs Lisp to
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3721 avoid certain paradoxical behavior associated with text modification.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3722
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3723 If the actual subdivision into intervals is meaningful, that means you
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3724 can distinguish between a buffer that is just one interval with a
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3725 certain property, and a buffer containing the same text subdivided into
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3726 two intervals, both of which have that property.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3727
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3728 Suppose you take the buffer with just one interval and kill part of
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3729 the text. The text remaining in the buffer is one interval, and the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3730 copy in the kill ring (and the undo list) becomes a separate interval.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3731 Then if you yank back the killed text, you get two intervals with the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3732 same properties. Thus, editing does not preserve the distinction
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3733 between one interval and two.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3734
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3735 Suppose we ``fix'' this problem by coalescing the two intervals when
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3736 the text is inserted. That works fine if the buffer originally was a
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3737 single interval. But suppose instead that we have two adjacent
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3738 intervals with the same properties, and we kill the text of one interval
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3739 and yank it back. The same interval-coalescence feature that rescues
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3740 the other case causes trouble in this one: after yanking, we have just
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3741 one interval. One again, editing does not preserve the distinction
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3742 between one interval and two.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3743
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3744 Insertion of text at the border between intervals also raises
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3745 questions that have no satisfactory answer.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3746
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3747 However, it is easy to arrange for editing to behave consistently for
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3748 questions of the form, ``What are the properties of this character?''
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3749 So we have decided these are the only questions that make sense; we have
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3750 not implemented asking questions about where intervals start or end.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3751
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
3752 In practice, you can usually use the text property search functions in
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3753 place of explicit interval boundaries. You can think of them as finding
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3754 the boundaries of intervals, assuming that intervals are always
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3755 coalesced whenever possible. @xref{Property Search}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3756
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3757 Emacs also provides explicit intervals as a presentation feature; see
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3758 @ref{Overlays}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3759
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3760 @node Substitution
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3761 @section Substituting for a Character Code
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3762
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3763 The following functions replace characters within a specified region
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3764 based on their character codes.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3765
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3766 @defun subst-char-in-region start end old-char new-char &optional noundo
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3767 @cindex replace characters
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3768 This function replaces all occurrences of the character @var{old-char}
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3769 with the character @var{new-char} in the region of the current buffer
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3770 defined by @var{start} and @var{end}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3771
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3772 @cindex undo avoidance
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
3773 If @var{noundo} is non-@code{nil}, then @code{subst-char-in-region} does
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
3774 not record the change for undo and does not mark the buffer as modified.
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3775 This was useful for controlling the old selective display feature
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
3776 (@pxref{Selective Display}).
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3777
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3778 @code{subst-char-in-region} does not move point and returns
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3779 @code{nil}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3780
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3781 @example
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3782 @group
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3783 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3784 This is the contents of the buffer before.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3785 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3786 @end group
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3787
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3788 @group
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3789 (subst-char-in-region 1 20 ?i ?X)
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3790 @result{} nil
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3791
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3792 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3793 ThXs Xs the contents of the buffer before.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3794 ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3795 @end group
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3796 @end example
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3797 @end defun
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3798
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3799 @defun translate-region start end table
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3800 This function applies a translation table to the characters in the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3801 buffer between positions @var{start} and @var{end}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3802
57646
3611af22c464 (translate-region): Document that it accepts also a
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents: 57402
diff changeset
3803 The translation table @var{table} is a string or a char-table;
3611af22c464 (translate-region): Document that it accepts also a
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents: 57402
diff changeset
3804 @code{(aref @var{table} @var{ochar})} gives the translated character
3611af22c464 (translate-region): Document that it accepts also a
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents: 57402
diff changeset
3805 corresponding to @var{ochar}. If @var{table} is a string, any
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3806 characters with codes larger than the length of @var{table} are not
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3807 altered by the translation.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3808
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3809 The return value of @code{translate-region} is the number of
8427
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
3810 characters that were actually changed by the translation. This does
bc548090f760 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 7735
diff changeset
3811 not count characters that were mapped into themselves in the
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3812 translation table.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3813 @end defun
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3814
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3815 @node Registers
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3816 @section Registers
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3817 @cindex registers
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3818
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3819 A register is a sort of variable used in Emacs editing that can hold a
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3820 variety of different kinds of values. Each register is named by a
52978
1a5c50faf357 Replace @sc{foo} with @acronym{FOO}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52626
diff changeset
3821 single character. All @acronym{ASCII} characters and their meta variants
27374
0f5edee5242b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27189
diff changeset
3822 (but with the exception of @kbd{C-g}) can be used to name registers.
0f5edee5242b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27189
diff changeset
3823 Thus, there are 255 possible registers. A register is designated in
0f5edee5242b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27189
diff changeset
3824 Emacs Lisp by the character that is its name.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3825
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3826 @defvar register-alist
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3827 This variable is an alist of elements of the form @code{(@var{name} .
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3828 @var{contents})}. Normally, there is one element for each Emacs
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3829 register that has been used.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3830
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3831 The object @var{name} is a character (an integer) identifying the
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3832 register.
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3833 @end defvar
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3834
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3835 The @var{contents} of a register can have several possible types:
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3836
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3837 @table @asis
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3838 @item a number
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3839 A number stands for itself. If @code{insert-register} finds a number
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3840 in the register, it converts the number to decimal.
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3841
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3842 @item a marker
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3843 A marker represents a buffer position to jump to.
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3844
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3845 @item a string
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3846 A string is text saved in the register.
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3847
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3848 @item a rectangle
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3849 A rectangle is represented by a list of strings.
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3850
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3851 @item @code{(@var{window-configuration} @var{position})}
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3852 This represents a window configuration to restore in one frame, and a
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3853 position to jump to in the current buffer.
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3854
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3855 @item @code{(@var{frame-configuration} @var{position})}
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3856 This represents a frame configuration to restore, and a position
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3857 to jump to in the current buffer.
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3858
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3859 @item (file @var{filename})
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3860 This represents a file to visit; jumping to this value visits file
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3861 @var{filename}.
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3862
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3863 @item (file-query @var{filename} @var{position})
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3864 This represents a file to visit and a position in it; jumping to this
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3865 value visits file @var{filename} and goes to buffer position
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3866 @var{position}. Restoring this type of position asks the user for
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3867 confirmation first.
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3868 @end table
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3869
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3870 The functions in this section return unpredictable values unless
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3871 otherwise stated.
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3872
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3873 @defun get-register reg
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3874 This function returns the contents of the register
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3875 @var{reg}, or @code{nil} if it has no contents.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3876 @end defun
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3877
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3878 @defun set-register reg value
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3879 This function sets the contents of register @var{reg} to @var{value}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3880 A register can be set to any value, but the other register functions
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3881 expect only certain data types. The return value is @var{value}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3882 @end defun
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3883
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3884 @deffn Command view-register reg
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3885 This command displays what is contained in register @var{reg}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3886 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3887
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3888 @ignore
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3889 @deffn Command point-to-register reg
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3890 This command stores both the current location of point and the current
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3891 buffer in register @var{reg} as a marker.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3892 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3893
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3894 @deffn Command jump-to-register reg
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3895 @deffnx Command register-to-point reg
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3896 @comment !!SourceFile register.el
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3897 This command restores the status recorded in register @var{reg}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3898
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3899 If @var{reg} contains a marker, it moves point to the position stored in
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3900 the marker. Since both the buffer and the location within the buffer
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3901 are stored by the @code{point-to-register} function, this command can
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3902 switch you to another buffer.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3903
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3904 If @var{reg} contains a window configuration or a frame configuration.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3905 @code{jump-to-register} restores that configuration.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3906 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3907 @end ignore
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3908
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3909 @deffn Command insert-register reg &optional beforep
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3910 This command inserts contents of register @var{reg} into the current
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3911 buffer.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3912
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3913 Normally, this command puts point before the inserted text, and the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3914 mark after it. However, if the optional second argument @var{beforep}
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3915 is non-@code{nil}, it puts the mark before and point after.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3916 You can pass a non-@code{nil} second argument @var{beforep} to this
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3917 function interactively by supplying any prefix argument.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3918
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3919 If the register contains a rectangle, then the rectangle is inserted
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3920 with its upper left corner at point. This means that text is inserted
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3921 in the current line and underneath it on successive lines.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3922
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3923 If the register contains something other than saved text (a string) or
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3924 a rectangle (a list), currently useless things happen. This may be
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3925 changed in the future.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3926 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3927
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3928 @ignore
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3929 @deffn Command copy-to-register reg start end &optional delete-flag
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3930 This command copies the region from @var{start} to @var{end} into
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3931 register @var{reg}. If @var{delete-flag} is non-@code{nil}, it deletes
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3932 the region from the buffer after copying it into the register.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3933 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3934
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3935 @deffn Command prepend-to-register reg start end &optional delete-flag
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3936 This command prepends the region from @var{start} to @var{end} into
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3937 register @var{reg}. If @var{delete-flag} is non-@code{nil}, it deletes
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3938 the region from the buffer after copying it to the register.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3939 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3940
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3941 @deffn Command append-to-register reg start end &optional delete-flag
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3942 This command appends the region from @var{start} to @var{end} to the
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3943 text already in register @var{reg}. If @var{delete-flag} is
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3944 non-@code{nil}, it deletes the region from the buffer after copying it
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3945 to the register.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3946 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3947
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3948 @deffn Command copy-rectangle-to-register reg start end &optional delete-flag
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3949 This command copies a rectangular region from @var{start} to @var{end}
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3950 into register @var{reg}. If @var{delete-flag} is non-@code{nil}, it
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3951 deletes the region from the buffer after copying it to the register.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3952 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3953
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3954 @deffn Command window-configuration-to-register reg
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3955 This function stores the window configuration of the selected frame in
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3956 register @var{reg}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3957 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3958
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3959 @deffn Command frame-configuration-to-register reg
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3960 This function stores the current frame configuration in register
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3961 @var{reg}.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3962 @end deffn
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3963 @end ignore
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3964
7735
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
3965 @node Transposition
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
3966 @section Transposition of Text
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
3967
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
3968 This subroutine is used by the transposition commands.
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
3969
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
3970 @defun transpose-regions start1 end1 start2 end2 &optional leave-markers
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
3971 This function exchanges two nonoverlapping portions of the buffer.
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
3972 Arguments @var{start1} and @var{end1} specify the bounds of one portion
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
3973 and arguments @var{start2} and @var{end2} specify the bounds of the
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
3974 other portion.
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
3975
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
3976 Normally, @code{transpose-regions} relocates markers with the transposed
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
3977 text; a marker previously positioned within one of the two transposed
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
3978 portions moves along with that portion, thus remaining between the same
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
3979 two characters in their new position. However, if @var{leave-markers}
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
3980 is non-@code{nil}, @code{transpose-regions} does not do this---it leaves
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
3981 all markers unrelocated.
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
3982 @end defun
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
3983
24951
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
3984 @node Base 64
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
3985 @section Base 64 Encoding
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
3986 @cindex base 64 encoding
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
3987
39168
0317f0f05c37 Minor clarification.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38581
diff changeset
3988 Base 64 code is used in email to encode a sequence of 8-bit bytes as
52978
1a5c50faf357 Replace @sc{foo} with @acronym{FOO}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52626
diff changeset
3989 a longer sequence of @acronym{ASCII} graphic characters. It is defined in
39208
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
3990 Internet RFC@footnote{
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
3991 An RFC, an acronym for @dfn{Request for Comments}, is a numbered
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
3992 Internet informational document describing a standard. RFCs are
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
3993 usually written by technical experts acting on their own initiative,
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
3994 and are traditionally written in a pragmatic, experience-driven
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
3995 manner.
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
3996 }2045. This section describes the functions for
39168
0317f0f05c37 Minor clarification.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38581
diff changeset
3997 converting to and from this code.
24951
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
3998
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
3999 @defun base64-encode-region beg end &optional no-line-break
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4000 @tindex base64-encode-region
33911
10fd9a833957 base64 tweaks
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 32091
diff changeset
4001 This function converts the region from @var{beg} to @var{end} into base
10fd9a833957 base64 tweaks
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 32091
diff changeset
4002 64 code. It returns the length of the encoded text. An error is
10fd9a833957 base64 tweaks
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 32091
diff changeset
4003 signaled if a character in the region is multibyte, i.e.@: in a
10fd9a833957 base64 tweaks
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 32091
diff changeset
4004 multibyte buffer the region must contain only characters from the
10fd9a833957 base64 tweaks
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 32091
diff changeset
4005 charsets @code{ascii}, @code{eight-bit-control} and
10fd9a833957 base64 tweaks
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 32091
diff changeset
4006 @code{eight-bit-graphic}.
24951
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4007
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4008 Normally, this function inserts newline characters into the encoded
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4009 text, to avoid overlong lines. However, if the optional argument
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4010 @var{no-line-break} is non-@code{nil}, these newlines are not added, so
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4011 the output is just one long line.
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4012 @end defun
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4013
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4014 @defun base64-encode-string string &optional no-line-break
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4015 @tindex base64-encode-string
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4016 This function converts the string @var{string} into base 64 code. It
33911
10fd9a833957 base64 tweaks
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 32091
diff changeset
4017 returns a string containing the encoded text. As for
10fd9a833957 base64 tweaks
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 32091
diff changeset
4018 @code{base64-encode-region}, an error is signaled if a character in the
10fd9a833957 base64 tweaks
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 32091
diff changeset
4019 string is multibyte.
24951
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4020
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4021 Normally, this function inserts newline characters into the encoded
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4022 text, to avoid overlong lines. However, if the optional argument
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4023 @var{no-line-break} is non-@code{nil}, these newlines are not added, so
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4024 the result string is just one long line.
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4025 @end defun
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4026
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4027 @defun base64-decode-region beg end
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4028 @tindex base64-decode-region
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4029 This function converts the region from @var{beg} to @var{end} from base
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4030 64 code into the corresponding decoded text. It returns the length of
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4031 the decoded text.
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4032
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4033 The decoding functions ignore newline characters in the encoded text.
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4034 @end defun
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4035
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4036 @defun base64-decode-string string
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4037 @tindex base64-decode-string
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4038 This function converts the string @var{string} from base 64 code into
51446
a3a94326d597 base64-decode-string returns unibyte string.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 50467
diff changeset
4039 the corresponding decoded text. It returns a unibyte string containing the
24951
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4040 decoded text.
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4041
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4042 The decoding functions ignore newline characters in the encoded text.
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4043 @end defun
7451b1458af1 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 23147
diff changeset
4044
39208
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4045 @node MD5 Checksum
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4046 @section MD5 Checksum
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4047 @cindex MD5 checksum
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4048 @cindex message digest computation
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4049
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4050 MD5 cryptographic checksums, or @dfn{message digests}, are 128-bit
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4051 ``fingerprints'' of a document or program. They are used to verify
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4052 that you have an exact and unaltered copy of the data. The algorithm
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4053 to calculate the MD5 message digest is defined in Internet
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4054 RFC@footnote{
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4055 For an explanation of what is an RFC, see the footnote in @ref{Base
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4056 64}.
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4057 }1321. This section describes the Emacs facilities for computing
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4058 message digests.
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4059
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4060 @defun md5 object &optional start end coding-system noerror
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4061 This function returns the MD5 message digest of @var{object}, which
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4062 should be a buffer or a string.
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4063
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4064 The two optional arguments @var{start} and @var{end} are character
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4065 positions specifying the portion of @var{object} to compute the
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4066 message digest for. If they are @code{nil} or omitted, the digest is
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4067 computed for the whole of @var{object}.
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4068
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4069 The function @code{md5} does not compute the message digest directly
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4070 from the internal Emacs representation of the text (@pxref{Text
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4071 Representations}). Instead, it encodes the text using a coding
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4072 system, and computes the message digest from the encoded text. The
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4073 optional fourth argument @var{coding-system} specifies which coding
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4074 system to use for encoding the text. It should be the same coding
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4075 system that you used to read the text, or that you used or will use
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4076 when saving or sending the text. @xref{Coding Systems}, for more
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4077 information about coding systems.
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4078
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4079 If @var{coding-system} is @code{nil} or omitted, the default depends
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4080 on @var{object}. If @var{object} is a buffer, the default for
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4081 @var{coding-system} is whatever coding system would be chosen by
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4082 default for writing this text into a file. If @var{object} is a
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4083 string, the user's most preferred coding system (@pxref{Recognize
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4084 Coding, prefer-coding-system, the description of
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4085 @code{prefer-coding-system}, emacs, GNU Emacs Manual}) is used.
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4086
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4087 Normally, @code{md5} signals an error if the text can't be encoded
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4088 using the specified or chosen coding system. However, if
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4089 @var{noerror} is non-@code{nil}, it silently uses @code{raw-text}
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4090 coding instead.
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4091 @end defun
ad4839873265 (MD5 Checksum): New node, documents the md5 primitive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39168
diff changeset
4092
52192
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4093 @node Atomic Changes
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4094 @section Atomic Change Groups
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4095 @cindex atomic changes
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4096
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4097 In data base terminology, an @dfn{atomic} change is an indivisible
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4098 change---it can succeed entirely or it can fail entirely, but it
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4099 cannot partly succeed. A Lisp program can make a series of changes to
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4100 one or several buffers as an @dfn{atomic change group}, meaning that
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4101 either the entire series of changes will be installed in their buffers
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4102 or, in case of an error, none of them will be.
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4103
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4104 To do this for one buffer, the one already current, simply write a
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4105 call to @code{atomic-change-group} around the code that makes the
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4106 changes, like this:
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4107
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4108 @example
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4109 (atomic-change-group
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4110 (insert foo)
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4111 (delete-region x y))
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4112 @end example
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4113
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4114 @noindent
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4115 If an error (or other nonlocal exit) occurs inside the body of
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4116 @code{atomic-change-group}, it unmakes all the changes in that buffer
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4117 that were during the execution of the body. This kind of change group
54916
07f4773453a0 Markup fixes.
Jesper Harder <harder@ifa.au.dk>
parents: 54480
diff changeset
4118 has no effect on any other buffers---any such changes remain.
52192
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4119
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4120 If you need something more sophisticated, such as to make changes in
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4121 various buffers constitute one atomic group, you must directly call
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4122 lower-level functions that @code{atomic-change-group} uses.
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4123
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4124 @defun prepare-change-group &optional buffer
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4125 This function sets up a change group for buffer @var{buffer}, which
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4126 defaults to the current buffer. It returns a ``handle'' that
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4127 represents the change group. You must use this handle to activate the
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4128 change group and subsequently to finish it.
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4129 @end defun
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4130
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4131 To use the change group, you must @dfn{activate} it. You must do
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4132 this before making any changes in the text of @var{buffer}.
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4133
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4134 @defun activate-change-group handle
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4135 This function activates the change group that @var{handle} designates.
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4136 @end defun
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4137
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4138 After you activate the change group, any changes you make in that
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4139 buffer become part of it. Once you have made all the desired changes
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4140 in the buffer, you must @dfn{finish} the change group. There are two
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4141 ways to do this: you can either accept (and finalize) all the changes,
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4142 or cancel them all.
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4143
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4144 @defun accept-change-group handle
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4145 This function accepts all the changes in the change group specified by
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4146 @var{handle}, making them final.
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4147 @end defun
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4148
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4149 @defun cancel-change-group handle
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4150 This function cancels and undoes all the changes in the change group
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4151 specified by @var{handle}.
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4152 @end defun
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4153
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4154 Your code should use @code{unwind-protect} to make sure the group is
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4155 always finished. The call to @code{activate-change-group} should be
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4156 inside the @code{unwind-protect}, in case the user types @kbd{C-g}
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4157 just after it runs. (This is one reason why
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4158 @code{prepare-change-group} and @code{activate-change-group} are
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4159 separate functions, because normally you would call
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4160 @code{prepare-change-group} before the start of that
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4161 @code{unwind-protect}.) Once you finish the group, don't use the
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4162 handle again---in particular, don't try to finish the same group
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4163 twice.
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4164
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4165 To make a multibuffer change group, call @code{prepare-change-group}
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4166 once for each buffer you want to cover, then use @code{nconc} to
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4167 combine the returned values, like this:
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4168
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4169 @example
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4170 (nconc (prepare-change-group buffer-1)
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4171 (prepare-change-group buffer-2))
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4172 @end example
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4173
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4174 You can then activate the multibuffer change group with a single call
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4175 to @code{activate-change-group}, and finish it with a single call to
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4176 @code{accept-change-group} or @code{cancel-change-group}.
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4177
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4178 Nested use of several change groups for the same buffer works as you
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4179 would expect. Non-nested use of change groups for the same buffer
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4180 will get Emacs confused, so don't let it happen; the first change
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4181 group you start for any given buffer should be the last one finished.
aeb0d981dc7e (Insertion): Add insert-buffer-substring-no-properties.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51911
diff changeset
4182
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4183 @node Change Hooks
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4184 @section Change Hooks
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4185 @cindex change hooks
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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4186 @cindex hooks for text changes
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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4187
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4188 These hook variables let you arrange to take notice of all changes in
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4189 all buffers (or in a particular buffer, if you make them buffer-local).
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4190 See also @ref{Special Properties}, for how to detect changes to specific
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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4191 parts of the text.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4192
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4193 The functions you use in these hooks should save and restore the match
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4194 data if they do anything that uses regular expressions; otherwise, they
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4195 will interfere in bizarre ways with the editing operations that call
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4196 them.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4197
6782
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6558
diff changeset
4198 @defvar before-change-functions
21007
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
4199 This variable holds a list of functions to call before any buffer
6782
5b07647ec8f7 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6558
diff changeset
4200 modification. Each function gets two arguments, the beginning and end
5b07647ec8f7 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6558
diff changeset
4201 of the region that is about to change, represented as integers. The
5b07647ec8f7 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6558
diff changeset
4202 buffer that is about to change is always the current buffer.
5b07647ec8f7 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6558
diff changeset
4203 @end defvar
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6558
diff changeset
4204
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6558
diff changeset
4205 @defvar after-change-functions
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
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4206 This variable holds a list of functions to call after any buffer
6782
5b07647ec8f7 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6558
diff changeset
4207 modification. Each function receives three arguments: the beginning and
5b07647ec8f7 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6558
diff changeset
4208 end of the region just changed, and the length of the text that existed
19467
d76f57ca7aba Explain after-change-functions and chars vs bytes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18339
diff changeset
4209 before the change. All three arguments are integers. The buffer that's
d76f57ca7aba Explain after-change-functions and chars vs bytes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18339
diff changeset
4210 about to change is always the current buffer.
d76f57ca7aba Explain after-change-functions and chars vs bytes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 18339
diff changeset
4211
22252
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
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4212 The length of the old text is the difference between the buffer positions
22138
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
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4213 before and after that text as it was before the change. As for the
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
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4214 changed text, its length is simply the difference between the first two
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
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4215 arguments.
6782
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6558
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4216 @end defvar
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6558
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4217
54120
836a9ea3b5a4 Various small changes in addition to the following:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
4218 Output of messages into the @samp{*Messages*} buffer does not
51702
82502bf293e0 (Buffer Contents): Document current-word.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51446
diff changeset
4219 call these functions.
82502bf293e0 (Buffer Contents): Document current-word.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51446
diff changeset
4220
22138
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
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4221 @defmac combine-after-change-calls body...
21007
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
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4222 The macro executes @var{body} normally, but arranges to call the
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
4223 after-change functions just once for a series of several changes---if
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
4224 that seems safe.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
4225
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
4226 If a program makes several text changes in the same area of the buffer,
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
4227 using the macro @code{combine-after-change-calls} around that part of
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
4228 the program can make it run considerably faster when after-change hooks
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
4229 are in use. When the after-change hooks are ultimately called, the
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
4230 arguments specify a portion of the buffer including all of the changes
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
4231 made within the @code{combine-after-change-calls} body.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
4232
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
4233 @strong{Warning:} You must not alter the values of
31079
ace4a0e50572 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
4234 @code{after-change-functions} within
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
4235 the body of a @code{combine-after-change-calls} form.
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
4236
52626
fe75563f4d13 Avoid @strong{Note:}.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52544
diff changeset
4237 @strong{Warning:} if the changes you combine occur in widely scattered
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
4238 parts of the buffer, this will still work, but it is not advisable,
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
4239 because it may lead to inefficient behavior for some change hook
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
4240 functions.
21007
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
4241 @end defmac
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 19467
diff changeset
4242
31079
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29102
diff changeset
4243 The two variables above are temporarily bound to @code{nil} during the
6782
5b07647ec8f7 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6558
diff changeset
4244 time that any of these functions is running. This means that if one of
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4245 these functions changes the buffer, that change won't run these
6782
5b07647ec8f7 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6558
diff changeset
4246 functions. If you do want a hook function to make changes that run
5b07647ec8f7 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6558
diff changeset
4247 these functions, make it bind these variables back to their usual
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4248 values.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4249
7735
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
4250 One inconvenient result of this protective feature is that you cannot
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
4251 have a function in @code{after-change-functions} or
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
4252 @code{before-change-functions} which changes the value of that variable.
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
4253 But that's not a real limitation. If you want those functions to change
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
4254 the list of functions to run, simply add one fixed function to the hook,
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
4255 and code that function to look in another variable for other functions
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
4256 to call. Here is an example:
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
4257
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
4258 @example
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
4259 (setq my-own-after-change-functions nil)
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
4260 (defun indirect-after-change-function (beg end len)
7db892210924 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
4261 (let ((list my-own-after-change-functions))
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
4262 (while list
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
4263 (funcall (car list) beg end len)
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
4264 (setq list (cdr list)))))
21682
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
4265
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
4266 @group
7735
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
4267 (add-hooks 'after-change-functions
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
4268 'indirect-after-change-function)
21682
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
4269 @end group
7735
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
4270 @end example
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6782
diff changeset
4271
6558
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4272 @defvar first-change-hook
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4273 This variable is a normal hook that is run whenever a buffer is changed
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4274 that was previously in the unmodified state.
fa8ff07eaafc Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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4275 @end defvar
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
4276
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
4277 @defvar inhibit-modification-hooks
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
4278 @tindex inhibit-modification-hooks
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
4279 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, all of the change hooks are
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
4280 disabled; none of them run. This affects all the hook variables
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
4281 described above in this section, as well as the hooks attached to
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
4282 certain special text properties (@pxref{Special Properties}) and overlay
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
4283 properties (@pxref{Overlay Properties}).
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25454
diff changeset
4284 @end defvar
52401
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 52192
diff changeset
4285
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 52192
diff changeset
4286 @ignore
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 52192
diff changeset
4287 arch-tag: 3721e738-a1cb-4085-bc1a-6cb8d8e1d32b
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 52192
diff changeset
4288 @end ignore