annotate lisp/xml.el @ 35612:446e8151c90f

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author Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
date Fri, 26 Jan 2001 14:37:45 +0000
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children d1fdbba91c71
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1 ;; @(#) xml.el --- XML parser
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2
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3 ;; Copyright (C) 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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4
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5 ;; Author: Emmanuel Briot <briot@gnat.com>
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6 ;; Maintainer: Emmanuel Briot <briot@gnat.com>
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7 ;; Keywords: xml
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8
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9 ;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.
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10
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11 ;; GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
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12 ;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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13 ;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
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14 ;; any later version.
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15
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16 ;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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17 ;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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18 ;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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19 ;; GNU General Public License for more details.
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20
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21 ;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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22 ;; along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the
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23 ;; Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
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24 ;; Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
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25
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26 ;;; Commentary:
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27
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28 ;; This file contains a full XML parser. It parses a file, and returns a list
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29 ;; that can be used internally by any other lisp file.
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30 ;; See some example in todo.el
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31
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32 ;;; FILE FORMAT
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33
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34 ;; It does not parse the DTD, if present in the XML file, but knows how to
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35 ;; ignore it. The XML file is assumed to be well-formed. In case of error, the
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36 ;; parsing stops and the XML file is shown where the parsing stopped.
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37 ;;
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38 ;; It also knows how to ignore comments, as well as the special ?xml? tag
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39 ;; in the XML file.
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40 ;;
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41 ;; The XML file should have the following format:
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42 ;; <node1 attr1="name1" attr2="name2" ...>value
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43 ;; <node2 attr3="name3" attr4="name4">value2</node2>
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44 ;; <node3 attr5="name5" attr6="name6">value3</node3>
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45 ;; </node1>
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46 ;; Of course, the name of the nodes and attributes can be anything. There can
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47 ;; be any number of attributes (or none), as well as any number of children
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48 ;; below the nodes.
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49 ;;
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50 ;; There can be only top level node, but with any number of children below.
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51
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52 ;;; LIST FORMAT
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53
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54 ;; The functions `xml-parse-file' and `xml-parse-tag' return a list with
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55 ;; the following format:
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56 ;;
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57 ;; xml-list ::= (node node ...)
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58 ;; node ::= (tag_name attribute-list . child_node_list)
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59 ;; child_node_list ::= child_node child_node ...
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60 ;; child_node ::= node | string
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61 ;; tag_name ::= string
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62 ;; attribute_list ::= (("attribute" . "value") ("attribute" . "value") ...)
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63 ;; | nil
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64 ;; string ::= "..."
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65 ;;
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66 ;; Some macros are provided to ease the parsing of this list
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67
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68 ;;; Code:
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69
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70 ;;*******************************************************************
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71 ;;**
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72 ;;** Macros to parse the list
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73 ;;**
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74 ;;*******************************************************************
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75
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76 (defmacro xml-node-name (node)
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77 "Return the tag associated with NODE.
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78 The tag is a lower-case symbol."
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79 (list 'car node))
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80
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81 (defmacro xml-node-attributes (node)
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82 "Return the list of attributes of NODE.
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83 The list can be nil."
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84 (list 'nth 1 node))
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85
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86 (defmacro xml-node-children (node)
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87 "Return the list of children of NODE.
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88 This is a list of nodes, and it can be nil."
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89 (list 'cddr node))
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90
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91 (defun xml-get-children (node child-name)
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92 "Return the children of NODE whose tag is CHILD-NAME.
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93 CHILD-NAME should be a lower case symbol."
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94 (let ((children (xml-node-children node))
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95 match)
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96 (while children
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97 (if (car children)
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98 (if (equal (xml-node-name (car children)) child-name)
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99 (set 'match (append match (list (car children))))))
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100 (set 'children (cdr children)))
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101 match))
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102
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103 (defun xml-get-attribute (node attribute)
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104 "Get from NODE the value of ATTRIBUTE.
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105 An empty string is returned if the attribute was not found."
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106 (if (xml-node-attributes node)
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107 (let ((value (assoc attribute (xml-node-attributes node))))
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108 (if value
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109 (cdr value)
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110 ""))
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111 ""))
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112
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113 ;;*******************************************************************
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114 ;;**
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115 ;;** Creating the list
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116 ;;**
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117 ;;*******************************************************************
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118
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119 (defun xml-parse-file (file &optional parse-dtd)
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120 "Parse the well-formed XML FILE.
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121 If FILE is already edited, this will keep the buffer alive.
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122 Returns the top node with all its children.
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123 If PARSE-DTD is non-nil, the DTD is parsed rather than skipped."
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124 (let ((keep))
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125 (if (get-file-buffer file)
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126 (progn
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127 (set-buffer (get-file-buffer file))
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128 (setq keep (point)))
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129 (find-file file))
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130
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131 (let ((xml (xml-parse-region (point-min)
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132 (point-max)
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133 (current-buffer)
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134 parse-dtd)))
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135 (if keep
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136 (goto-char keep)
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137 (kill-buffer (current-buffer)))
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138 xml)))
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139
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140 (defun xml-parse-region (beg end &optional buffer parse-dtd)
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141 "Parse the region from BEG to END in BUFFER.
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142 If BUFFER is nil, it defaults to the current buffer.
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143 Returns the XML list for the region, or raises an error if the region
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144 is not a well-formed XML file.
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145 If PARSE-DTD is non-nil, the DTD is parsed rather than skipped,
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146 and returned as the first element of the list"
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147 (let (xml result dtd)
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148 (save-excursion
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149 (if buffer
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150 (set-buffer buffer))
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151 (goto-char beg)
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152 (while (< (point) end)
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153 (if (search-forward "<" end t)
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154 (progn
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155 (forward-char -1)
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156 (if (null xml)
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157 (progn
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158 (set 'result (xml-parse-tag end parse-dtd))
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159 (cond
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160 ((listp (car result))
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161 (set 'dtd (car result))
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162 (add-to-list 'xml (cdr result)))
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163 (t
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164 (add-to-list 'xml result))))
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165
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166 ;; translation of rule [1] of XML specifications
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167 (error "XML files can have only one toplevel tag.")))
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168 (goto-char end)))
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169 (if parse-dtd
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170 (cons dtd (reverse xml))
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171 (reverse xml)))))
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172
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173
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174 (defun xml-parse-tag (end &optional parse-dtd)
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175 "Parse the tag that is just in front of point.
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176 The end tag must be found before the position END in the current buffer.
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177 If PARSE-DTD is non-nil, the DTD of the document, if any, is parsed and
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178 returned as the first element in the list.
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179 Returns one of:
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180 - a list : the matching node
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181 - nil : the point is not looking at a tag.
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182 - a cons cell: the first element is the DTD, the second is the node"
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183 (cond
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184 ;; Processing instructions (like the <?xml version="1.0"?> tag at the
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185 ;; beginning of a document)
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186 ((looking-at "<\\?")
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187 (search-forward "?>" end)
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188 (skip-chars-forward " \t\n")
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189 (xml-parse-tag end))
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190 ;; Character data (CDATA) sections, in which no tag should be interpreted
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191 ((looking-at "<!\\[CDATA\\[")
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192 (let ((pos (match-end 0)))
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193 (unless (search-forward "]]>" end t)
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194 (error "CDATA section does not end anywhere in the document"))
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195 (buffer-substring-no-properties pos (match-beginning 0))))
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196 ;; DTD for the document
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197 ((looking-at "<!DOCTYPE")
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198 (let (dtd)
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199 (if parse-dtd
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200 (set 'dtd (xml-parse-dtd end))
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201 (xml-skip-dtd end))
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202 (skip-chars-forward " \t\n")
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203 (if dtd
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204 (cons dtd (xml-parse-tag end))
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205 (xml-parse-tag end))))
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206 ;; skip comments
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207 ((looking-at "<!--")
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208 (search-forward "-->" end)
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209 (skip-chars-forward " \t\n")
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210 (xml-parse-tag end))
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211 ;; end tag
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212 ((looking-at "</")
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213 '())
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214 ;; opening tag
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215 ((looking-at "<\\([^/> \t\n]+\\)")
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216 (let* ((node-name (match-string 1))
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217 (children (list (intern node-name)))
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218 (case-fold-search nil) ;; XML is case-sensitive
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219 pos)
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220 (goto-char (match-end 1))
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221
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222 ;; parses the attribute list
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223 (set 'children (append children (list (xml-parse-attlist end))))
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224
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225 ;; is this an empty element ?
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226 (if (looking-at "/>")
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227 (progn
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228 (forward-char 2)
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229 (skip-chars-forward " \t\n")
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230 (append children '("")))
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231
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232 ;; is this a valid start tag ?
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233 (if (= (char-after) ?>)
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234 (progn
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235 (forward-char 1)
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236 (skip-chars-forward " \t\n")
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237 ;; Now check that we have the right end-tag. Note that this one might
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238 ;; contain spaces after the tag name
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239 (while (not (looking-at (concat "</" node-name "[ \t\n]*>")))
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240 (cond
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241 ((looking-at "</")
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242 (error (concat
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243 "XML: invalid syntax -- invalid end tag (expecting "
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244 node-name
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245 ") at pos " (number-to-string (point)))))
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246 ((= (char-after) ?<)
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247 (set 'children (append children (list (xml-parse-tag end)))))
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248 (t
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249 (set 'pos (point))
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250 (search-forward "<" end)
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251 (forward-char -1)
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252 (let ((string (buffer-substring-no-properties pos (point)))
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253 (pos 0))
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254
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255 ;; Clean up the string (no newline characters)
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256 ;; Not done, since as per XML specifications, the XML processor
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257 ;; should always pass the whole string to the application.
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258 ;; (while (string-match "\\s +" string pos)
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259 ;; (set 'string (replace-match " " t t string))
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260 ;; (set 'pos (1+ (match-beginning 0))))
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261
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262 (set 'children (append children
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263 (list (xml-substitute-special string))))))))
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264 (goto-char (match-end 0))
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265 (skip-chars-forward " \t\n")
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266 (if (> (point) end)
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267 (error "XML: End tag for %s not found before end of region."
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268 node-name))
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269 children
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270 )
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271
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272 ;; This was an invalid start tag
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273 (error "XML: Invalid attribute list")
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274 ))))
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275 ))
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276
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277 (defun xml-parse-attlist (end)
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278 "Return the attribute-list that point is looking at.
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279 The search for attributes end at the position END in the current buffer.
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280 Leaves the point on the first non-blank character after the tag."
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281 (let ((attlist '())
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282 name)
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283 (skip-chars-forward " \t\n")
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284 (while (looking-at "\\([a-zA-Z_:][-a-zA-Z0-9._:]*\\)[ \t\n]*=[ \t\n]*")
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285 (set 'name (intern (match-string 1)))
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286 (goto-char (match-end 0))
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287
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288 ;; Do we have a string between quotes (or double-quotes),
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289 ;; or a simple word ?
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290 (unless (looking-at "\"\\([^\"]+\\)\"")
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291 (unless (looking-at "'\\([^\"]+\\)'")
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292 (error "XML: Attribute values must be given between quotes.")))
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293
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294 ;; Each attribute must be unique within a given element
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295 (if (assoc name attlist)
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296 (error "XML: each attribute must be unique within an element."))
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297
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298 (set 'attlist (append attlist
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299 (list (cons name (match-string-no-properties 1)))))
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300 (goto-char (match-end 0))
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301 (skip-chars-forward " \t\n")
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302 (if (> (point) end)
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303 (error "XML: end of attribute list not found before end of region."))
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304 )
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305 attlist
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306 ))
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307
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308 ;;*******************************************************************
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309 ;;**
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310 ;;** The DTD (document type declaration)
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311 ;;** The following functions know how to skip or parse the DTD of
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312 ;;** a document
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313 ;;**
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314 ;;*******************************************************************
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315
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316 (defun xml-skip-dtd (end)
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317 "Skip the DTD that point is looking at.
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318 The DTD must end before the position END in the current buffer.
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319 The point must be just before the starting tag of the DTD.
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320 This follows the rule [28] in the XML specifications."
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321 (forward-char (length "<!DOCTYPE"))
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322 (if (looking-at "[ \t\n]*>")
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323 (error "XML: invalid DTD (excepting name of the document)"))
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324 (condition-case nil
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325 (progn
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326 (forward-word 1) ;; name of the document
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327 (skip-chars-forward " \t\n")
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328 (if (looking-at "\\[")
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329 (re-search-forward "\\][ \t\n]*>" end)
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330 (search-forward ">" end)))
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331 (error (error "XML: No end to the DTD"))))
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332
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333 (defun xml-parse-dtd (end)
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334 "Parse the DTD that point is looking at.
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335 The DTD must end before the position END in the current buffer."
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336 (let (dtd type element end-pos)
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337 (forward-char (length "<!DOCTYPE"))
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338 (skip-chars-forward " \t\n")
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339 (if (looking-at ">")
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340 (error "XML: invalid DTD (excepting name of the document)"))
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341
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342 ;; Get the name of the document
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343 (looking-at "\\sw+")
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344 (set 'dtd (list 'dtd (match-string-no-properties 0)))
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345 (goto-char (match-end 0))
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346
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347 (skip-chars-forward " \t\n")
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348
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349 ;; External DTDs => don't know how to handle them yet
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350 (if (looking-at "SYSTEM")
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351 (error "XML: Don't know how to handle external DTDs."))
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352
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353 (if (not (= (char-after) ?\[))
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354 (error "XML: Unknown declaration in the DTD."))
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355
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356 ;; Parse the rest of the DTD
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357 (forward-char 1)
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358 (while (and (not (looking-at "[ \t\n]*\\]"))
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359 (<= (point) end))
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360 (cond
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361
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362 ;; Translation of rule [45] of XML specifications
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363 ((looking-at
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364 "[\t \n]*<!ELEMENT[ \t\n]+\\([a-zA-Z0-9.%;]+\\)[ \t\n]+\\([^>]+\\)>")
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365
30779
aa097d8d4f1a (xml-parse-tag, xml-parse-attlist): Do not downcase
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366 (setq element (intern (match-string-no-properties 1))
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367 type (match-string-no-properties 2))
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368 (set 'end-pos (match-end 0))
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369
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370 ;; Translation of rule [46] of XML specifications
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371 (cond
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372 ((string-match "^EMPTY[ \t\n]*$" type) ;; empty declaration
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373 (set 'type 'empty))
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374 ((string-match "^ANY[ \t\n]*$" type) ;; any type of contents
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375 (set 'type 'any))
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376 ((string-match "^(\\(.*\\))[ \t\n]*$" type) ;; children ([47])
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377 (set 'type (xml-parse-elem-type (match-string-no-properties 1 type))))
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378 ((string-match "^%[^;]+;[ \t\n]*$" type) ;; substitution
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379 nil)
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380 (t
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381 (error "XML: Invalid element type in the DTD")))
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382
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383 ;; rule [45]: the element declaration must be unique
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384 (if (assoc element dtd)
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385 (error "XML: elements declaration must be unique in a DTD (<%s>)."
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386 (symbol-name element)))
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387
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388 ;; Store the element in the DTD
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389 (set 'dtd (append dtd (list (list element type))))
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390 (goto-char end-pos)
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391 )
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392
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393
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394 (t
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395 (error "XML: Invalid DTD item"))
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396 )
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397 )
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398
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399 ;; Skip the end of the DTD
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400 (search-forward ">" end)
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401 dtd
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402 ))
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403
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404
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405 (defun xml-parse-elem-type (string)
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406 "Convert a STRING for an element type into an elisp structure."
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407
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408 (let (elem modifier)
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409 (if (string-match "(\\([^)]+\\))\\([+*?]?\\)" string)
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410 (progn
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411 (setq elem (match-string 1 string)
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412 modifier (match-string 2 string))
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413 (if (string-match "|" elem)
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414 (set 'elem (append '(choice)
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415 (mapcar 'xml-parse-elem-type
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416 (split-string elem "|"))))
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417 (if (string-match "," elem)
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418 (set 'elem (append '(seq)
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419 (mapcar 'xml-parse-elem-type
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420 (split-string elem ","))))
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421 )))
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422 (if (string-match "[ \t\n]*\\([^+*?]+\\)\\([+*?]?\\)" string)
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423 (setq elem (match-string 1 string)
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424 modifier (match-string 2 string))))
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425
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426 (if (and (stringp elem)
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427 (string= elem "#PCDATA"))
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428 (set 'elem 'pcdata))
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429
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430 (cond
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431 ((string= modifier "+")
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432 (list '+ elem))
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433 ((string= modifier "*")
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434 (list '* elem))
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435 ((string= modifier "?")
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436 (list '? elem))
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437 (t
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438 elem))))
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439
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440
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441 ;;*******************************************************************
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442 ;;**
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443 ;;** Substituting special XML sequences
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444 ;;**
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445 ;;*******************************************************************
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446
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447 (defun xml-substitute-special (string)
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448 "Return STRING, after subsituting special XML sequences."
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449 (while (string-match "&amp;" string)
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450 (set 'string (replace-match "&" t nil string)))
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451 (while (string-match "&lt;" string)
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452 (set 'string (replace-match "<" t nil string)))
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453 (while (string-match "&gt;" string)
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454 (set 'string (replace-match ">" t nil string)))
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455 (while (string-match "&apos;" string)
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456 (set 'string (replace-match "'" t nil string)))
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457 (while (string-match "&quot;" string)
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458 (set 'string (replace-match "\"" t nil string)))
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459 string)
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460
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461 ;;*******************************************************************
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462 ;;**
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463 ;;** Printing a tree.
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464 ;;** This function is intended mainly for debugging purposes.
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465 ;;**
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466 ;;*******************************************************************
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467
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468 (defun xml-debug-print (xml)
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469 (while xml
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470 (xml-debug-print-internal (car xml) "")
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471 (set 'xml (cdr xml)))
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472 )
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473
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474 (defun xml-debug-print-internal (xml &optional indent-string)
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475 "Outputs the XML tree in the current buffer.
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476 The first line indented with INDENT-STRING."
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477 (let ((tree xml)
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478 attlist)
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479 (unless indent-string
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480 (set 'indent-string ""))
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481
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482 (insert indent-string "<" (symbol-name (xml-node-name tree)))
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483
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484 ;; output the attribute list
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485 (set 'attlist (xml-node-attributes tree))
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486 (while attlist
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487 (insert " ")
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488 (insert (symbol-name (caar attlist)) "=\"" (cdar attlist) "\"")
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489 (set 'attlist (cdr attlist)))
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490
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491 (insert ">")
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492
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493 (set 'tree (xml-node-children tree))
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494
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495 ;; output the children
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496 (while tree
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497 (cond
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498 ((listp (car tree))
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499 (insert "\n")
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500 (xml-debug-print-internal (car tree) (concat indent-string " "))
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501 )
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502 ((stringp (car tree))
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503 (insert (car tree))
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504 )
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505 (t
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506 (error "Invalid XML tree")))
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507 (set 'tree (cdr tree))
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508 )
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509
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510 (insert "\n" indent-string
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511 "</" (symbol-name (xml-node-name xml)) ">")
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512 ))
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513
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514 (provide 'xml)
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515
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516 ;;; xml.el ends here