Mercurial > emacs
annotate man/display.texi @ 71713:46a65966ab64
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author | Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org> |
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date | Sat, 08 Jul 2006 18:13:14 +0000 |
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1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual. |
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2 @c Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, 2000, 2001, |
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3 @c 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
25829 | 4 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions. |
5 @node Display, Search, Registers, Top | |
6 @chapter Controlling the Display | |
7 | |
8 Since only part of a large buffer fits in the window, Emacs tries to | |
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9 show a part that is likely to be interesting. Display-control |
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10 commands allow you to specify which part of the text you want to see, |
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11 and how to display it. Many variables also affect the details of |
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12 redisplay. Unless otherwise stated, the variables described in this |
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13 chapter have their effect by customizing redisplay itself; therefore, |
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14 their values only make a difference at the time of redisplay. |
25829 | 15 |
16 @menu | |
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17 * Scrolling:: Commands to move text up and down in a window. |
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18 * Auto Scrolling:: Redisplay scrolls text automatically when needed. |
68516 | 19 * Horizontal Scrolling:: Moving text left and right in a window. |
20 * Follow Mode:: Follow mode lets two windows scroll as one. | |
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21 * Faces:: How to change the display style using faces. |
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22 * Standard Faces:: Emacs' predefined faces. |
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23 * Font Lock:: Minor mode for syntactic highlighting using faces. |
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24 * Highlight Interactively:: Tell Emacs what text to highlight. |
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25 * Fringes:: Enabling or disabling window fringes. |
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26 * Useless Whitespace:: Showing possibly-spurious trailing whitespace. |
25829 | 27 * Selective Display:: Hiding lines with lots of indentation. |
28 * Optional Mode Line:: Optional mode line display features. | |
29 * Text Display:: How text characters are normally displayed. | |
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30 * Cursor Display:: Features for displaying the cursor. |
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31 * Display Custom:: Information on variables for customizing display. |
25829 | 32 @end menu |
33 | |
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34 @node Scrolling |
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35 @section Scrolling |
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36 |
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37 If a buffer contains text that is too large to fit entirely within a |
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38 window that is displaying the buffer, Emacs shows a contiguous portion of |
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39 the text. The portion shown always contains point. |
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40 |
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41 @cindex scrolling |
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42 @dfn{Scrolling} means moving text up or down in the window so that |
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43 different parts of the text are visible. Scrolling ``forward'' or |
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44 ``up'' means that text moves up, and new text appears at the bottom. |
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45 Scrolling ``backward'' or ``down'' moves text down, and new text |
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46 appears at the top. |
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47 |
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48 Scrolling happens automatically if you move point past the bottom or |
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49 top of the window. You can also scroll explicitly with the commands |
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50 in this section. |
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51 |
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52 @table @kbd |
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53 @item C-l |
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54 Clear screen and redisplay, scrolling the selected window to center |
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55 point vertically within it (@code{recenter}). |
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56 @item C-v |
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57 Scroll forward (a windowful or a specified number of lines) (@code{scroll-up}). |
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58 @item @key{NEXT} |
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59 @itemx @key{PAGEDOWN} |
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60 Likewise, scroll forward. |
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61 @item M-v |
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62 Scroll backward (@code{scroll-down}). |
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63 @item @key{PRIOR} |
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64 @itemx @key{PAGEUP} |
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65 Likewise, scroll backward. |
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66 @item @var{arg} C-l |
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67 Scroll so point is on line @var{arg} (@code{recenter}). |
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68 @item C-M-l |
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69 Scroll heuristically to bring useful information onto the screen |
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70 (@code{reposition-window}). |
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71 @end table |
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72 |
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73 @kindex C-l |
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74 @findex recenter |
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75 The most basic scrolling command is @kbd{C-l} (@code{recenter}) with |
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76 no argument. It scrolls the selected window so that point is halfway |
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77 down from the top of the window. On a text terminal, it also clears |
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78 the screen and redisplays all windows. That is useful in case the |
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79 screen is garbled (@pxref{Screen Garbled}). |
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80 |
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81 @kindex C-v |
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82 @kindex M-v |
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83 @kindex NEXT |
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84 @kindex PRIOR |
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85 @kindex PAGEDOWN |
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86 @kindex PAGEUP |
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87 @findex scroll-up |
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88 @findex scroll-down |
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89 To read the buffer a windowful at a time, use @kbd{C-v} |
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90 (@code{scroll-up}) with no argument. This scrolls forward by nearly |
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91 the whole window height. The effect is to take the two lines at the |
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92 bottom of the window and put them at the top, followed by nearly a |
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93 whole windowful of lines that were not previously visible. If point |
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94 was in the text that scrolled off the top, it ends up at the new top |
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95 of the window. |
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96 |
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97 @vindex next-screen-context-lines |
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98 @kbd{M-v} (@code{scroll-down}) with no argument scrolls backward in |
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99 a similar way, also with overlap. The number of lines of overlap that |
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100 the @kbd{C-v} or @kbd{M-v} commands leave is controlled by the |
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101 variable @code{next-screen-context-lines}; by default, it is 2. The |
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102 function keys @key{NEXT} and @key{PRIOR}, or @key{PAGEDOWN} and |
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103 @key{PAGEUP}, are equivalent to @kbd{C-v} and @kbd{M-v}. |
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104 |
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105 The commands @kbd{C-v} and @kbd{M-v} with a numeric argument scroll |
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106 the text in the selected window up or down a few lines. @kbd{C-v} |
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107 with an argument moves the text and point up, together, that many |
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108 lines; it brings the same number of new lines into view at the bottom |
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109 of the window. @kbd{M-v} with numeric argument scrolls the text |
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110 downward, bringing that many new lines into view at the top of the |
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111 window. @kbd{C-v} with a negative argument is like @kbd{M-v} and vice |
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112 versa. |
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113 |
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114 The names of scroll commands are based on the direction that the |
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115 text moves in the window. Thus, the command to scroll forward is |
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116 called @code{scroll-up} because it moves the text upward on the |
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117 screen. The keys @key{PAGEDOWN} and @key{PAGEUP} derive their names |
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118 and customary meanings from a different convention that developed |
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119 elsewhere; hence the strange result that @key{PAGEDOWN} runs |
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120 @code{scroll-up}. |
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121 |
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122 @vindex scroll-preserve-screen-position |
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123 Some users like the full-screen scroll commands to keep point at the |
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124 same screen line. To enable this behavior, set the variable |
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125 @code{scroll-preserve-screen-position} to a non-@code{nil} value. In |
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126 this mode, when these commands would scroll the text around point off |
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127 the screen, or within @code{scroll-margin} lines of the edge, they |
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128 moves point to keep the same vertical position within the window. |
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129 This mode is convenient for browsing through a file by scrolling by |
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130 screenfuls; if you come back to the screen where you started, point |
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131 goes back to the line where it started. However, this mode is |
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132 inconvenient when you move to the next screen in order to move point |
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133 to the text there. |
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134 |
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135 Another way to do scrolling is with @kbd{C-l} with a numeric argument. |
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136 @kbd{C-l} does not clear the screen when given an argument; it only scrolls |
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137 the selected window. With a positive argument @var{n}, it repositions text |
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138 to put point @var{n} lines down from the top. An argument of zero puts |
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139 point on the very top line. Point does not move with respect to the text; |
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140 rather, the text and point move rigidly on the screen. @kbd{C-l} with a |
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141 negative argument puts point that many lines from the bottom of the window. |
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142 For example, @kbd{C-u - 1 C-l} puts point on the bottom line, and @kbd{C-u |
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143 - 5 C-l} puts it five lines from the bottom. @kbd{C-u C-l} scrolls to put |
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144 point at the center (vertically) of the selected window. |
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145 |
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146 @kindex C-M-l |
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147 @findex reposition-window |
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148 The @kbd{C-M-l} command (@code{reposition-window}) scrolls the current |
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149 window heuristically in a way designed to get useful information onto |
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150 the screen. For example, in a Lisp file, this command tries to get the |
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151 entire current defun onto the screen if possible. |
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152 |
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153 @node Auto Scrolling |
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154 @section Automatic Scrolling |
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155 |
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156 @vindex scroll-conservatively |
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157 Redisplay scrolls the buffer automatically when point moves out of |
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158 the visible portion of the text. The purpose of automatic scrolling |
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159 is to make point visible, but you can customize many aspects of how |
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160 this is done. |
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161 |
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162 Normally, automatic scrolling centers point vertically within the |
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163 window. However, if you set @code{scroll-conservatively} to a small |
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164 number @var{n}, then if you move point just a little off the |
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165 screen---less than @var{n} lines---then Emacs scrolls the text just |
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166 far enough to bring point back on screen. By default, |
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167 @code{scroll-conservatively} is 0. |
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168 |
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169 @cindex aggressive scrolling |
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170 @vindex scroll-up-aggressively |
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171 @vindex scroll-down-aggressively |
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172 When the window does scroll by a longer distance, you can control |
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173 how aggressively it scrolls, by setting the variables |
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174 @code{scroll-up-aggressively} and @code{scroll-down-aggressively}. |
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175 The value of @code{scroll-up-aggressively} should be either |
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176 @code{nil}, or a fraction @var{f} between 0 and 1. A fraction |
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177 specifies where on the screen to put point when scrolling upward. |
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178 More precisely, when a window scrolls up because point is above the |
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179 window start, the new start position is chosen to put point @var{f} |
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180 part of the window height from the top. The larger @var{f}, the more |
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181 aggressive the scrolling. |
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182 |
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183 @code{nil}, which is the default, scrolls to put point at the center. |
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184 So it is equivalent to .5. |
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185 |
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186 Likewise, @code{scroll-down-aggressively} is used for scrolling |
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187 down. The value, @var{f}, specifies how far point should be placed |
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188 from the bottom of the window; thus, as with |
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189 @code{scroll-up-aggressively}, a larger value is more aggressive. |
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190 |
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191 @vindex scroll-margin |
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192 The variable @code{scroll-margin} restricts how close point can come |
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193 to the top or bottom of a window. Its value is a number of screen |
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194 lines; if point comes within that many lines of the top or bottom of the |
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195 window, Emacs recenters the window. By default, @code{scroll-margin} is |
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196 0. |
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197 |
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198 @node Horizontal Scrolling |
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199 @section Horizontal Scrolling |
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200 @cindex horizontal scrolling |
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201 |
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202 @dfn{Horizontal scrolling} means shifting all the lines sideways |
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203 within a window---so that some of the text near the left margin is not |
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204 displayed at all. When the text in a window is scrolled horizontally, |
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205 text lines are truncated rather than continued (@pxref{Display |
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206 Custom}). Whenever a window shows truncated lines, Emacs |
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207 automatically updates its horizontal scrolling whenever point moves |
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208 off the left or right edge of the screen. You can also use these |
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209 commands to do explicit horizontal scrolling. |
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210 |
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211 @table @kbd |
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212 @item C-x < |
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213 Scroll text in current window to the left (@code{scroll-left}). |
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214 @item C-x > |
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215 Scroll to the right (@code{scroll-right}). |
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216 @end table |
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217 |
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218 @kindex C-x < |
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219 @kindex C-x > |
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220 @findex scroll-left |
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221 @findex scroll-right |
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222 The command @kbd{C-x <} (@code{scroll-left}) scrolls the selected |
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223 window to the left by @var{n} columns with argument @var{n}. This moves |
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224 part of the beginning of each line off the left edge of the window. |
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225 With no argument, it scrolls by almost the full width of the window (two |
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226 columns less, to be precise). |
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227 |
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228 @kbd{C-x >} (@code{scroll-right}) scrolls similarly to the right. The |
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229 window cannot be scrolled any farther to the right once it is displayed |
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230 normally (with each line starting at the window's left margin); |
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231 attempting to do so has no effect. This means that you don't have to |
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232 calculate the argument precisely for @w{@kbd{C-x >}}; any sufficiently large |
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233 argument will restore the normal display. |
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234 |
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235 If you use those commands to scroll a window horizontally, that sets |
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236 a lower bound for automatic horizontal scrolling. Automatic scrolling |
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237 will continue to scroll the window, but never farther to the right |
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238 than the amount you previously set by @code{scroll-left}. |
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239 |
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240 @vindex hscroll-margin |
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241 The value of the variable @code{hscroll-margin} controls how close |
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242 to the window's edges point is allowed to get before the window will |
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243 be automatically scrolled. It is measured in columns. If the value |
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244 is 5, then moving point within 5 columns of the edge causes horizontal |
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245 scrolling away from that edge. |
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246 |
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247 @vindex hscroll-step |
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248 The variable @code{hscroll-step} determines how many columns to |
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249 scroll the window when point gets too close to the edge. If it's |
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250 zero, horizontal scrolling centers point horizontally within the |
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251 window. If it's a positive integer, it specifies the number of |
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252 columns to scroll by. If it's a floating-point number, it specifies |
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253 the fraction of the window's width to scroll by. The default is zero. |
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254 |
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255 @vindex auto-hscroll-mode |
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256 To disable automatic horizontal scrolling, set the variable |
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257 @code{auto-hscroll-mode} to @code{nil}. |
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258 |
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259 @node Follow Mode |
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260 @section Follow Mode |
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261 @cindex Follow mode |
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262 @cindex mode, Follow |
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263 @findex follow-mode |
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264 @cindex windows, synchronizing |
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265 @cindex synchronizing windows |
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266 |
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267 @dfn{Follow mode} is a minor mode that makes two windows, both |
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268 showing the same buffer, scroll as a single tall ``virtual window.'' |
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269 To use Follow mode, go to a frame with just one window, split it into |
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270 two side-by-side windows using @kbd{C-x 3}, and then type @kbd{M-x |
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271 follow-mode}. From then on, you can edit the buffer in either of the |
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272 two windows, or scroll either one; the other window follows it. |
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273 |
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274 In Follow mode, if you move point outside the portion visible in one |
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275 window and into the portion visible in the other window, that selects |
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276 the other window---again, treating the two as if they were parts of |
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277 one large window. |
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278 |
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279 To turn off Follow mode, type @kbd{M-x follow-mode} a second time. |
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280 |
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281 @node Faces |
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282 @section Using Multiple Typefaces |
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283 @cindex faces |
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284 |
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285 You can specify various styles for displaying text using |
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286 @dfn{faces}. Each face can specify various @dfn{face attributes}, |
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287 such as the font family, the height, weight and slant of the |
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288 characters, the foreground and background color, and underlining or |
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289 overlining. A face does not have to specify all of these attributes; |
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290 often it inherits most of them from another face. |
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291 |
68516 | 292 On graphical display, all the Emacs face attributes are meaningful. |
293 On a text-only terminal, only some of them work. Some text-only | |
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294 terminals support inverse video, bold, and underline attributes; some |
68516 | 295 support colors. Text-only terminals generally do not support changing |
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296 the height and width or the font family. |
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297 |
68516 | 298 Emacs uses faces automatically for highlighting, through the work of |
299 Font Lock mode. @xref{Font Lock}, for more information about Font | |
300 Lock mode and syntactic highlighting. You can print out the buffer | |
301 with the highlighting that appears on your screen using the command | |
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302 @code{ps-print-buffer-with-faces}. @xref{PostScript}. |
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303 |
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304 You control the appearance of a part of the text in the buffer by |
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305 specifying the face or faces to use for it. The style of display used |
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306 for any given character is determined by combining the attributes of |
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307 all the applicable faces specified for that character. Any attribute |
38745 | 308 that isn't specified by these faces is taken from the @code{default} face, |
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309 whose attributes reflect the default settings of the frame itself. |
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310 |
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311 Enriched mode, the mode for editing formatted text, includes several |
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312 commands and menus for specifying faces for text in the buffer. |
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313 @xref{Format Faces}, for how to specify the font for text in the |
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314 buffer. @xref{Format Colors}, for how to specify the foreground and |
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315 background color. |
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316 |
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317 @cindex face colors, setting |
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318 @findex set-face-foreground |
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319 @findex set-face-background |
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320 To alter the appearance of a face, use the customization buffer. |
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321 @xref{Face Customization}. You can also use X resources to specify |
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322 attributes of particular faces (@pxref{Resources}). Alternatively, |
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323 you can change the foreground and background colors of a specific face |
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324 with @kbd{M-x set-face-foreground} and @kbd{M-x set-face-background}. |
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325 These commands prompt in the minibuffer for a face name and a color |
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326 name, with completion, and then set that face to use the specified |
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327 color. Changing the colors of the @code{default} face also changes |
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328 the foreground and background colors on all frames, both existing and |
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329 those to be created in the future. (You can also set foreground and |
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330 background colors for the current frame only; see @ref{Frame |
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331 Parameters}.) |
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332 |
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333 Emacs can correctly display variable-width fonts, but Emacs commands |
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334 that calculate width and indentation do not know how to calculate |
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335 variable widths. This can sometimes lead to incorrect results when |
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336 you use variable-width fonts. In particular, indentation commands can |
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337 give inconsistent results, so we recommend you avoid variable-width |
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338 fonts for editing program source code. Filling will sometimes make |
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339 lines too long or too short. We plan to address these issues in |
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340 future Emacs versions. |
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341 |
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342 @node Standard Faces |
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343 @section Standard Faces |
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344 |
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345 @findex list-faces-display |
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346 To see what faces are currently defined, and what they look like, |
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347 type @kbd{M-x list-faces-display}. It's possible for a given face to |
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348 look different in different frames; this command shows the appearance |
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349 in the frame in which you type it. |
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350 |
68516 | 351 Here are the standard faces for specifying text appearance. You can |
352 apply them to specific text when you want the effects they produce. | |
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353 |
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354 @table @code |
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355 @item default |
68516 | 356 This face is used for ordinary text that doesn't specify any face. |
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357 @item bold |
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358 This face uses a bold variant of the default font, if it has one. |
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359 It's up to you to choose a default font that has a bold variant, |
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360 if you want to use one. |
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361 @item italic |
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362 This face uses an italic variant of the default font, if it has one. |
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363 @item bold-italic |
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364 This face uses a bold italic variant of the default font, if it has one. |
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365 @item underline |
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366 This face underlines text. |
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367 @item fixed-pitch |
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368 This face forces use of a particular fixed-width font. |
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369 @item variable-pitch |
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370 This face forces use of a particular variable-width font. It's |
68516 | 371 reasonable to customize this face to use a different variable-width font, |
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372 if you like, but you should not make it a fixed-width font. |
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373 @item shadow |
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374 This face is used for making the text less noticeable than the surrounding |
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375 ordinary text. Usually this can be achieved by using shades of gray in |
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376 contrast with either black or white default foreground color. |
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377 @end table |
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378 |
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379 Here's an incomplete list of faces used to highlight parts of the |
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380 text temporarily for specific purposes. (Many other modes define |
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381 their own faces for this purpose.) |
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382 |
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383 @table @code |
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384 @item highlight |
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385 This face is used for highlighting portions of text, in various modes. |
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386 For example, mouse-sensitive text is highlighted using this face. |
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387 @item isearch |
68516 | 388 This face is used for highlighting the current Isearch match. |
389 @item query-replace | |
390 This face is used for highlighting the current Query Replace match. | |
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391 @item lazy-highlight |
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392 This face is used for lazy highlighting of Isearch and Query Replace |
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393 matches other than the current one. |
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394 @item region |
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395 This face is used for displaying a selected region (when Transient Mark |
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396 mode is enabled---see below). |
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397 @item secondary-selection |
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398 This face is used for displaying a secondary X selection (@pxref{Secondary |
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399 Selection}). |
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400 @item trailing-whitespace |
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401 The face for highlighting excess spaces and tabs at the end of a line |
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402 when @code{show-trailing-whitespace} is non-@code{nil}; see |
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403 @ref{Useless Whitespace}. |
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404 @item nobreak-space |
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405 The face for displaying the character ``nobreak space''. |
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406 @item escape-glyph |
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407 The face for highlighting the @samp{\} or @samp{^} that indicates |
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408 a control character. It's also used when @samp{\} indicates a |
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409 nobreak space or nobreak (soft) hyphen. |
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410 @end table |
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411 |
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412 @cindex @code{region} face |
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413 When Transient Mark mode is enabled, the text of the region is |
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414 highlighted when the mark is active. This uses the face named |
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415 @code{region}; you can control the style of highlighting by changing the |
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416 style of this face (@pxref{Face Customization}). @xref{Transient Mark}, |
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417 for more information about Transient Mark mode and activation and |
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418 deactivation of the mark. |
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419 |
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420 These faces control the appearance of parts of the Emacs frame. |
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421 They exist as faces to provide a consistent way to customize the |
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422 appearance of these parts of the frame. |
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423 |
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424 @table @code |
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425 @item mode-line |
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426 @itemx modeline |
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427 This face is used for the mode line of the currently selected window, |
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428 and for menu bars when toolkit menus are not used. By default, it's |
68516 | 429 drawn with shadows for a ``raised'' effect on graphical displays, and |
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430 drawn as the inverse of the default face on non-windowed terminals. |
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431 @code{modeline} is an alias for the @code{mode-line} face, for |
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432 compatibility with old Emacs versions. |
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433 @item mode-line-inactive |
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434 Like @code{mode-line}, but used for mode lines of the windows other |
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435 than the selected one (if @code{mode-line-in-non-selected-windows} is |
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436 non-@code{nil}). This face inherits from @code{mode-line}, so changes |
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437 in that face affect mode lines in all windows. |
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438 @item mode-line-highlight |
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439 Like @code{highlight}, but used for portions of text on mode lines. |
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440 @item mode-line-buffer-id |
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441 This face is used for buffer identification parts in the mode line. |
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442 @item header-line |
68516 | 443 Similar to @code{mode-line} for a window's header line, which appears |
444 at the top of a window just as the mode line appears at the bottom. | |
445 Most windows do not have a header line---only some special modes, such | |
446 Info mode, create one. | |
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447 @item vertical-border |
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448 This face is used for the vertical divider between windows. |
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449 By default this face inherits from the @code{mode-line-inactive} face |
68516 | 450 on character terminals. On graphical displays the foreground color of |
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451 this face is used for the vertical line between windows without |
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452 scrollbars. |
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453 @item minibuffer-prompt |
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454 @cindex @code{minibuffer-prompt} face |
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455 @vindex minibuffer-prompt-properties |
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456 This face is used for the prompt strings displayed in the minibuffer. |
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457 By default, Emacs automatically adds this face to the value of |
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458 @code{minibuffer-prompt-properties}, which is a list of text |
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459 properties used to display the prompt text. (This variable takes |
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460 effect when you enter the minibuffer.) |
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461 @item fringe |
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462 @cindex @code{fringe} face |
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463 The face for the fringes to the left and right of windows on graphic |
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464 displays. (The fringes are the narrow portions of the Emacs frame |
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465 between the text area and the window's right and left borders.) |
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466 @xref{Fringes}. |
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467 @item scroll-bar |
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468 This face determines the visual appearance of the scroll bar. |
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469 @xref{Scroll Bars}. |
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470 @item border |
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471 This face determines the color of the frame border. |
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472 @item cursor |
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473 This face determines the color of the cursor. |
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474 @item mouse |
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475 This face determines the color of the mouse pointer. |
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476 @item tool-bar |
68516 | 477 This face determines the color of tool bar icons. @xref{Tool Bars}. |
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478 @item tooltip |
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479 This face is used for tooltips. @xref{Tooltips}. |
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480 @item menu |
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481 @cindex menu bar appearance |
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482 @cindex @code{menu} face, no effect if customized |
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483 @cindex customization of @code{menu} face |
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484 This face determines the colors and font of Emacs's menus. @xref{Menu |
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485 Bars}. Setting the font of LessTif/Motif menus is currently not |
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486 supported; attempts to set the font are ignored in this case. |
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487 Likewise, attempts to customize this face in Emacs built with GTK and |
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488 in the MS-Windows/Mac ports are ignored by the respective GUI toolkits; |
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489 you need to use system-wide styles and options to change the |
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490 appearance of the menus. |
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491 @end table |
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492 |
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493 @node Font Lock |
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494 @section Font Lock mode |
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495 @cindex Font Lock mode |
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496 @cindex mode, Font Lock |
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497 @cindex syntax highlighting and coloring |
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498 |
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499 Font Lock mode is a minor mode, always local to a particular buffer, |
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500 which highlights (or ``fontifies'') the buffer contents according to |
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501 the syntax of the text you are editing. It can recognize comments and |
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502 strings in most languages; in several languages, it can also recognize |
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503 and properly highlight various other important constructs---for |
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504 example, names of functions being defined or reserved keywords. |
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505 Some special modes, such as Occur mode and Info mode, have completely |
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506 specialized ways of assigning fonts for Font Lock mode. |
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507 |
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508 @findex font-lock-mode |
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509 Font Lock mode is turned on by default in all modes which support it. |
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510 You can toggle font-lock for each buffer with the command @kbd{M-x |
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511 font-lock-mode}. Using a positive argument unconditionally turns Font |
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512 Lock mode on, and a negative or zero argument turns it off. |
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513 |
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514 @findex global-font-lock-mode |
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515 @vindex global-font-lock-mode |
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516 If you do not wish Font Lock mode to be turned on by default, |
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517 customize the variable @code{global-font-lock-mode} using the Customize |
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518 interface (@pxref{Easy Customization}), or use the function |
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519 @code{global-font-lock-mode} in your @file{.emacs} file, like this: |
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520 |
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521 @example |
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522 (global-font-lock-mode 0) |
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523 @end example |
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524 |
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525 @noindent |
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526 This variable, like all the variables that control Font Lock mode, |
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527 take effect whenever fontification is done; that is, potentially at |
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528 any time. |
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529 |
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530 @findex turn-on-font-lock |
68516 | 531 If you have disabled Global Font Lock mode, you can still enable Font |
532 Lock for specific major modes by adding the function | |
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533 @code{turn-on-font-lock} to the mode hooks (@pxref{Hooks}). For |
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534 example, to enable Font Lock mode for editing C files, you can do this: |
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535 |
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536 @example |
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537 (add-hook 'c-mode-hook 'turn-on-font-lock) |
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538 @end example |
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539 |
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540 Font Lock mode uses several specifically named faces to do its job, |
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541 including @code{font-lock-string-face}, @code{font-lock-comment-face}, |
68516 | 542 and others. The easiest way to find them all is to use @kbd{M-x |
543 customize-group @key{RET} font-lock-faces @key{RET}}. You can then | |
544 use that customization buffer to customize the appearance of these | |
545 faces. @xref{Face Customization}. | |
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546 |
68516 | 547 You can also customize these faces using @kbd{M-x |
548 set-face-foreground} or @kbd{M-x set-face-background}. @xref{Faces}. | |
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549 |
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550 @vindex font-lock-maximum-decoration |
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551 The variable @code{font-lock-maximum-decoration} specifies the |
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552 preferred level of fontification, for modes that provide multiple |
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553 levels. Level 1 is the least amount of fontification; some modes |
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554 support levels as high as 3. The normal default is ``as high as |
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555 possible.'' You can specify an integer, which applies to all modes, or |
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556 you can specify different numbers for particular major modes; for |
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557 example, to use level 1 for C/C++ modes, and the default level |
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558 otherwise, use this: |
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559 |
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560 @example |
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561 (setq font-lock-maximum-decoration |
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562 '((c-mode . 1) (c++-mode . 1))) |
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563 @end example |
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564 |
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565 @vindex font-lock-maximum-size |
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566 Fontification can be too slow for large buffers, so you can suppress |
68516 | 567 it for buffers above a certain size. The variable |
568 @code{font-lock-maximum-size} specifies a buffer size, beyond which | |
569 buffer fontification is suppressed. | |
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570 |
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571 @c @w is used below to prevent a bad page-break. |
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572 @vindex font-lock-beginning-of-syntax-function |
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573 @cindex incorrect fontification |
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574 @cindex parenthesis in column zero and fontification |
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575 @cindex brace in column zero and fontification |
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576 Comment and string fontification (or ``syntactic'' fontification) |
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577 relies on analysis of the syntactic structure of the buffer text. For |
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578 the sake of speed, some modes, including Lisp mode, rely on a special |
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579 convention: an open-parenthesis or open-brace in the leftmost column |
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580 always defines the @w{beginning} of a defun, and is thus always |
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|
581 outside any string or comment. (@xref{Left Margin Paren}.) If you |
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582 don't follow this convention, Font Lock mode can misfontify the text |
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583 that follows an open-parenthesis or open-brace in the leftmost column |
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584 that is inside a string or comment. |
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585 |
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586 @cindex slow display during scrolling |
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587 The variable @code{font-lock-beginning-of-syntax-function} (always |
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588 buffer-local) specifies how Font Lock mode can find a position |
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589 guaranteed to be outside any comment or string. In modes which use the |
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590 leftmost column parenthesis convention, the default value of the variable |
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591 is @code{beginning-of-defun}---that tells Font Lock mode to use the |
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592 convention. If you set this variable to @code{nil}, Font Lock no longer |
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593 relies on the convention. This avoids incorrect results, but the price |
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594 is that, in some cases, fontification for a changed text must rescan |
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595 buffer text from the beginning of the buffer. This can considerably |
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596 slow down redisplay while scrolling, particularly if you are close to |
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597 the end of a large buffer. |
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598 |
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599 @findex font-lock-add-keywords |
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600 Font Lock highlighting patterns already exist for many modes, but you |
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601 may want to fontify additional patterns. You can use the function |
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602 @code{font-lock-add-keywords}, to add your own highlighting patterns for |
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603 a particular mode. For example, to highlight @samp{FIXME:} words in C |
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604 comments, use this: |
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605 |
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606 @example |
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607 (font-lock-add-keywords |
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608 'c-mode |
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609 '(("\\<\\(FIXME\\):" 1 font-lock-warning-face t))) |
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610 @end example |
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611 |
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612 @findex font-lock-remove-keywords |
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613 To remove keywords from the font-lock highlighting patterns, use the |
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614 function @code{font-lock-remove-keywords}. @xref{Search-based |
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615 Fontification,,, elisp, The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}, for |
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616 documentation of the format of this list. |
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617 |
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618 @cindex just-in-time (JIT) font-lock |
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619 @cindex background syntax highlighting |
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620 Fontifying large buffers can take a long time. To avoid large |
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621 delays when a file is visited, Emacs fontifies only the visible |
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622 portion of a buffer. As you scroll through the buffer, each portion |
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623 that becomes visible is fontified as soon as it is displayed. The |
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624 parts of the buffer that are not displayed are fontified |
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625 ``stealthily,'' in the background, i.e.@: when Emacs is idle. You can |
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626 control this background fontification, also called @dfn{Just-In-Time} |
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627 (or @dfn{JIT}) Lock, by customizing variables in the customization |
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628 group @samp{jit-lock}. @xref{Specific Customization}. |
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629 |
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630 @node Highlight Interactively |
68516 | 631 @section Interactive Highlighting |
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632 @cindex highlighting by matching |
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633 @cindex interactive highlighting |
68516 | 634 @cindex Highlight Changes mode |
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635 |
68516 | 636 @findex highlight-changes-mode |
637 Use @kbd{M-x highlight-changes-mode} to enable (or disable) | |
638 Highlight Changes mode, a minor mode that uses faces (colors, | |
639 typically) to indicate which parts of the buffer were changed most | |
640 recently. | |
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641 |
68516 | 642 @cindex Hi Lock mode |
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643 @findex hi-lock-mode |
68516 | 644 Hi Lock mode is another minor mode, which highlights text that |
645 matches your specified regular expressions. For example, you might | |
646 wish to see all the references to a certain variable in a program | |
647 source file, highlight certain parts in a voluminous output of some | |
648 program, or make certain names stand out in an article. Use the | |
649 @kbd{M-x hi-lock-mode} command to enable (or disable) Hi Lock mode. | |
650 To enable Hi Lock mode for all buffers, use @kbd{M-x | |
651 global-hi-lock-mode} or place @code{(global-hi-lock-mode 1)} in your | |
652 @file{.emacs} file. | |
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653 |
68516 | 654 Hi Lock mode works like Font Lock mode (@pxref{Font Lock}), except |
655 that you specify explicitly the regular expressions to highlight. You | |
656 control them with these commands: | |
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657 |
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658 @table @kbd |
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659 @item C-x w h @var{regexp} @key{RET} @var{face} @key{RET} |
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660 @kindex C-x w h |
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661 @findex highlight-regexp |
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662 Highlight text that matches @var{regexp} using face @var{face} |
68516 | 663 (@code{highlight-regexp}). The highlighting will remain as long as |
664 the buffer is loaded. For example, to highlight all occurrences of | |
665 the word ``whim'' using the default face (a yellow background) | |
666 @kbd{C-x w h whim @key{RET} @key{RET}}. Any face can be used for | |
667 highlighting, Hi Lock provides several of its own and these are | |
668 pre-loaded into a history list. While being prompted for a face use | |
669 @kbd{M-p} and @kbd{M-n} to cycle through them. | |
670 | |
671 You can use this command multiple times, specifying various regular | |
672 expressions to highlight in different ways. | |
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673 |
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674 @item C-x w r @var{regexp} @key{RET} |
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675 @kindex C-x w r |
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676 @findex unhighlight-regexp |
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677 Unhighlight @var{regexp} (@code{unhighlight-regexp}). |
68516 | 678 |
679 If you invoke this from the menu, you select the expression to | |
680 unhighlight from a list. If you invoke this from the keyboard, you | |
681 use the minibuffer. It will show the most recently added regular | |
682 expression; use @kbd{M-p} to show the next older expression and | |
683 @kbd{M-n} to select the next newer expression. (You can also type the | |
684 expression by hand, with completion.) When the expression you want to | |
685 unhighlight appears in the minibuffer, press @kbd{@key{RET}} to exit | |
686 the minibuffer and unhighlight it. | |
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687 |
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688 @item C-x w l @var{regexp} @key{RET} @var{face} @key{RET} |
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689 @kindex C-x w l |
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690 @findex highlight-lines-matching-regexp |
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691 @cindex lines, highlighting |
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692 @cindex highlighting lines of text |
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693 Highlight entire lines containing a match for @var{regexp}, using face |
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694 @var{face} (@code{highlight-lines-matching-regexp}). |
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695 |
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696 @item C-x w b |
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697 @kindex C-x w b |
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698 @findex hi-lock-write-interactive-patterns |
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699 Insert all the current highlighting regexp/face pairs into the buffer |
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700 at point, with comment delimiters to prevent them from changing your |
68516 | 701 program. (This key binding runs the |
702 @code{hi-lock-write-interactive-patterns} command.) | |
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703 |
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704 These patterns will be read the next time you visit the file while |
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705 Hi Lock mode is enabled, or whenever you use the @kbd{M-x |
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706 hi-lock-find-patterns} command. |
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707 |
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708 @item C-x w i |
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709 @kindex C-x w i |
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710 @findex hi-lock-find-patterns |
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711 @vindex hi-lock-exclude-modes |
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712 Re-read regexp/face pairs in the current buffer |
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713 (@code{hi-lock-write-interactive-patterns}). Users familiar with Font |
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714 Lock keywords might interactively enter patterns |
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715 (@code{highlight-regexp}), write them into the file |
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716 (@code{hi-lock-write-interactive-patterns}), edit them, perhaps |
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717 including different faces for different parenthesized parts of the |
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718 match, and finally use this command |
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719 (@code{hi-lock-write-interactive-patterns}) to have Hi Lock highlight |
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720 them. |
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721 |
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722 This command does nothing if the current major mode's symbol is a member |
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723 of the list @code{hi-lock-exclude-modes}. |
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724 @end table |
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725 |
45877
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726 @node Fringes |
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727 @section Window Fringes |
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728 @cindex fringes |
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|
729 |
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730 On a graphical display, each Emacs window normally has narrow |
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731 @dfn{fringes} on the left and right edges. The fringes display |
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|
732 indications about the text in the window. |
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|
733 |
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|
734 The most common use of the fringes is to indicate a continuation |
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735 line, when one line of text is split into multiple lines on the |
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736 screen. The left fringe shows a curving arrow for each screen line |
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737 except the first, indicating that ``this is not the real beginning.'' |
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738 The right fringe shows a curving arrow for each screen line except the |
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739 last, indicating that ``this is not the real end.'' |
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740 |
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741 The fringes indicate line truncation with short horizontal arrows |
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742 meaning ``there's more text on this line which is scrolled |
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|
743 horizontally out of view;'' clicking the mouse on one of the arrows |
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|
744 scrolls the display horizontally in the direction of the arrow. The |
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745 fringes can also indicate other things, such as empty lines, or where a |
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|
746 program you are debugging is executing (@pxref{Debuggers}). |
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747 |
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748 @findex set-fringe-style |
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749 @findex fringe-mode |
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750 You can enable and disable the fringes for all frames using |
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751 @kbd{M-x fringe-mode}. To enable and disable the fringes |
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752 for the selected frame, use @kbd{M-x set-fringe-style}. |
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753 |
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754 @node Useless Whitespace |
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755 @section Useless Whitespace |
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756 |
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757 @cindex trailing whitespace |
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758 @cindex whitespace, trailing |
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759 @vindex show-trailing-whitespace |
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760 It is easy to leave unnecessary spaces at the end of a line, or |
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761 empty lines at the end of a file, without realizing it. In most |
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762 cases, this @dfn{trailing whitespace} has no effect, but there are |
68516 | 763 special circumstances where it matters. It can also be a nuisance |
764 that the line has ``changed,'' when the change is just spaces added or | |
765 removed at the end. | |
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766 |
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767 You can make trailing whitespace at the end of a line visible on the |
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768 screen by setting the buffer-local variable |
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769 @code{show-trailing-whitespace} to @code{t}. Then Emacs displays |
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770 trailing whitespace in the face @code{trailing-whitespace}. |
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771 |
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772 This feature does not apply when point is at the end of the line |
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773 containing the whitespace. Strictly speaking, that is ``trailing |
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774 whitespace'' nonetheless, but displaying it specially in that case |
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775 looks ugly while you are typing in new text. In this special case, |
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776 the location of point is enough to show you that the spaces are |
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777 present. |
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778 |
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779 @findex delete-trailing-whitespace |
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780 To delete all trailing whitespace within the current buffer's |
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781 accessible portion (@pxref{Narrowing}), type @kbd{M-x |
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782 delete-trailing-whitespace @key{RET}}. (This command does not remove |
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783 the form-feed characters.) |
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784 |
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|
785 @vindex indicate-empty-lines |
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786 @vindex default-indicate-empty-lines |
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787 @cindex unused lines |
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788 @cindex fringes, and unused line indication |
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|
789 Emacs can indicate unused lines at the end of the window with a |
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|
790 small image in the left fringe (@pxref{Fringes}). The image appears |
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|
791 for window lines that do not correspond to any buffer text. Blank |
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792 lines at the end of the buffer then stand out because they do not have |
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793 this image in the fringe. |
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794 |
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|
795 To enable this feature, set the buffer-local variable |
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|
796 @code{indicate-empty-lines} to a non-@code{nil} value. The default |
48534
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|
797 value of this variable is controlled by the variable |
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|
798 @code{default-indicate-empty-lines}; by setting that variable, you |
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|
799 can enable or disable this feature for all new buffers. (This feature |
68516 | 800 currently doesn't work on text-only terminals.) |
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801 |
25829 | 802 @node Selective Display |
803 @section Selective Display | |
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804 @cindex selective display |
25829 | 805 @findex set-selective-display |
806 @kindex C-x $ | |
807 | |
808 Emacs has the ability to hide lines indented more than a certain number | |
809 of columns (you specify how many columns). You can use this to get an | |
810 overview of a part of a program. | |
811 | |
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812 To hide lines in the current buffer, type @kbd{C-x $} |
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813 (@code{set-selective-display}) with a numeric argument @var{n}. Then |
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814 lines with at least @var{n} columns of indentation disappear from the |
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|
815 screen. The only indication of their presence is that three dots |
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816 (@samp{@dots{}}) appear at the end of each visible line that is |
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|
817 followed by one or more hidden ones. |
25829 | 818 |
819 The commands @kbd{C-n} and @kbd{C-p} move across the hidden lines as | |
820 if they were not there. | |
821 | |
822 The hidden lines are still present in the buffer, and most editing | |
823 commands see them as usual, so you may find point in the middle of the | |
824 hidden text. When this happens, the cursor appears at the end of the | |
825 previous line, after the three dots. If point is at the end of the | |
826 visible line, before the newline that ends it, the cursor appears before | |
827 the three dots. | |
828 | |
829 To make all lines visible again, type @kbd{C-x $} with no argument. | |
830 | |
831 @vindex selective-display-ellipses | |
832 If you set the variable @code{selective-display-ellipses} to | |
833 @code{nil}, the three dots do not appear at the end of a line that | |
834 precedes hidden lines. Then there is no visible indication of the | |
835 hidden lines. This variable becomes local automatically when set. | |
836 | |
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837 See also @ref{Outline Mode} for another way to hide part of |
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838 the text in a buffer. |
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839 |
25829 | 840 @node Optional Mode Line |
841 @section Optional Mode Line Features | |
842 | |
52461
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843 @cindex buffer size display |
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844 @cindex display of buffer size |
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845 @findex size-indication-mode |
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846 The buffer percentage @var{pos} indicates the percentage of the |
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|
847 buffer above the top of the window. You can additionally display the |
030d7903be24
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|
848 size of the buffer by typing @kbd{M-x size-indication-mode} to turn on |
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|
849 Size Indication mode. The size will be displayed immediately |
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|
850 following the buffer percentage like this: |
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|
851 |
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|
852 @example |
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|
853 @var{POS} of @var{SIZE} |
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|
854 @end example |
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|
855 |
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|
856 @noindent |
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|
857 Here @var{SIZE} is the human readable representation of the number of |
030d7903be24
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|
858 characters in the buffer, which means that @samp{k} for 10^3, @samp{M} |
030d7903be24
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|
859 for 10^6, @samp{G} for 10^9, etc., are used to abbreviate. |
030d7903be24
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|
860 |
030d7903be24
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|
861 @cindex narrowing, and buffer size display |
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|
862 If you have narrowed the buffer (@pxref{Narrowing}), the size of the |
030d7903be24
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|
863 accessible part of the buffer is shown. |
030d7903be24
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changeset
|
864 |
36150
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
865 @cindex line number display |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
866 @cindex display of line number |
25829 | 867 @findex line-number-mode |
868 The current line number of point appears in the mode line when Line | |
869 Number mode is enabled. Use the command @kbd{M-x line-number-mode} to | |
870 turn this mode on and off; normally it is on. The line number appears | |
52461
030d7903be24
(Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
871 after the buffer percentage @var{pos}, with the letter @samp{L} to |
25829 | 872 indicate what it is. @xref{Minor Modes}, for more information about |
873 minor modes and about how to use this command. | |
874 | |
38121
82d39521a482
(Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38115
diff
changeset
|
875 @cindex narrowing, and line number display |
82d39521a482
(Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38115
diff
changeset
|
876 If you have narrowed the buffer (@pxref{Narrowing}), the displayed |
82d39521a482
(Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38115
diff
changeset
|
877 line number is relative to the accessible portion of the buffer. |
68516 | 878 Thus, it isn't suitable as an argument to @code{goto-line}. (Use |
879 @code{what-line} command to see the line number relative to the whole | |
880 file.) | |
38121
82d39521a482
(Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38115
diff
changeset
|
881 |
25829 | 882 @vindex line-number-display-limit |
883 If the buffer is very large (larger than the value of | |
884 @code{line-number-display-limit}), then the line number doesn't appear. | |
885 Emacs doesn't compute the line number when the buffer is large, because | |
38121
82d39521a482
(Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38115
diff
changeset
|
886 that would be too slow. Set it to @code{nil} to remove the limit. |
82d39521a482
(Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38115
diff
changeset
|
887 |
82d39521a482
(Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38115
diff
changeset
|
888 @vindex line-number-display-limit-width |
82d39521a482
(Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38115
diff
changeset
|
889 Line-number computation can also be slow if the lines in the buffer |
82d39521a482
(Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38115
diff
changeset
|
890 are too long. For this reason, Emacs normally doesn't display line |
82d39521a482
(Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38115
diff
changeset
|
891 numbers if the average width, in characters, of lines near point is |
82d39521a482
(Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38115
diff
changeset
|
892 larger than the value of the variable |
82d39521a482
(Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38115
diff
changeset
|
893 @code{line-number-display-limit-width}. The default value is 200 |
82d39521a482
(Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38115
diff
changeset
|
894 characters. |
25829 | 895 |
896 @cindex Column Number mode | |
897 @cindex mode, Column Number | |
898 @findex column-number-mode | |
899 You can also display the current column number by turning on Column | |
900 Number mode. It displays the current column number preceded by the | |
901 letter @samp{C}. Type @kbd{M-x column-number-mode} to toggle this mode. | |
902 | |
903 @findex display-time | |
904 @cindex time (on mode line) | |
905 Emacs can optionally display the time and system load in all mode | |
30870 | 906 lines. To enable this feature, type @kbd{M-x display-time} or customize |
907 the option @code{display-time-mode}. The information added to the mode | |
908 line usually appears after the buffer name, before the mode names and | |
909 their parentheses. It looks like this: | |
25829 | 910 |
911 @example | |
912 @var{hh}:@var{mm}pm @var{l.ll} | |
913 @end example | |
914 | |
915 @noindent | |
916 @vindex display-time-24hr-format | |
917 Here @var{hh} and @var{mm} are the hour and minute, followed always by | |
918 @samp{am} or @samp{pm}. @var{l.ll} is the average number of running | |
919 processes in the whole system recently. (Some fields may be missing if | |
920 your operating system cannot support them.) If you prefer time display | |
921 in 24-hour format, set the variable @code{display-time-24hr-format} | |
922 to @code{t}. | |
923 | |
924 @cindex mail (on mode line) | |
28800 | 925 @vindex display-time-use-mail-icon |
926 @vindex display-time-mail-face | |
45877
74f67ed375f0
Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
43664
diff
changeset
|
927 @vindex display-time-mail-file |
74f67ed375f0
Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
43664
diff
changeset
|
928 @vindex display-time-mail-directory |
25829 | 929 The word @samp{Mail} appears after the load level if there is mail |
28800 | 930 for you that you have not read yet. On a graphical display you can use |
931 an icon instead of @samp{Mail} by customizing | |
932 @code{display-time-use-mail-icon}; this may save some space on the mode | |
933 line. You can customize @code{display-time-mail-face} to make the mail | |
45877
74f67ed375f0
Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
43664
diff
changeset
|
934 indicator prominent. Use @code{display-time-mail-file} to specify |
74f67ed375f0
Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
43664
diff
changeset
|
935 the mail file to check, or set @code{display-time-mail-directory} |
74f67ed375f0
Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
43664
diff
changeset
|
936 to specify the directory to check for incoming mail (any nonempty regular |
74f67ed375f0
Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
43664
diff
changeset
|
937 file in the directory is considered as ``newly arrived mail''). |
25829 | 938 |
39267 | 939 @cindex mode line, 3D appearance |
35433
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
940 @cindex attributes of mode line, changing |
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
941 @cindex non-integral number of lines in a window |
38115
c75a19b1930f
Local rewrites. Describe basic no-argument C-v and M-v first,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38048
diff
changeset
|
942 By default, the mode line is drawn on graphics displays with |
c75a19b1930f
Local rewrites. Describe basic no-argument C-v and M-v first,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38048
diff
changeset
|
943 3D-style highlighting, like that of a button when it is not being |
c75a19b1930f
Local rewrites. Describe basic no-argument C-v and M-v first,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38048
diff
changeset
|
944 pressed. If you don't like this effect, you can disable the 3D |
c75a19b1930f
Local rewrites. Describe basic no-argument C-v and M-v first,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38048
diff
changeset
|
945 highlighting of the mode line, by customizing the attributes of the |
68516 | 946 @code{mode-line} face. @xref{Face Customization}. |
35433
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
947 |
43260
59e700c2760c
(Faces): Document the mode-line-inactive face.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
43101
diff
changeset
|
948 @cindex non-selected windows, mode line appearance |
43289 | 949 By default, the mode line of nonselected windows is displayed in a |
43283
1124d2e7429a
mode-line-in-non-selected-windows is now a boolean.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
43260
diff
changeset
|
950 different face, called @code{mode-line-inactive}. Only the selected |
43289 | 951 window is displayed in the @code{mode-line} face. This helps show |
952 which window is selected. When the minibuffer is selected, since | |
953 it has no mode line, the window from which you activated the minibuffer | |
954 has its mode line displayed using @code{mode-line}; as a result, | |
955 ordinary entry to the minibuffer does not change any mode lines. | |
956 | |
957 @vindex mode-line-in-non-selected-windows | |
958 You can disable use of @code{mode-line-inactive} by setting variable | |
43283
1124d2e7429a
mode-line-in-non-selected-windows is now a boolean.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
43260
diff
changeset
|
959 @code{mode-line-in-non-selected-windows} to @code{nil}; then all mode |
1124d2e7429a
mode-line-in-non-selected-windows is now a boolean.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
43260
diff
changeset
|
960 lines are displayed in the @code{mode-line} face. |
43260
59e700c2760c
(Faces): Document the mode-line-inactive face.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
43101
diff
changeset
|
961 |
68455
2ccd995850e5
(Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68220
diff
changeset
|
962 @vindex eol-mnemonic-unix |
2ccd995850e5
(Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68220
diff
changeset
|
963 @vindex eol-mnemonic-dos |
2ccd995850e5
(Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68220
diff
changeset
|
964 @vindex eol-mnemonic-mac |
2ccd995850e5
(Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68220
diff
changeset
|
965 @vindex eol-mnemonic-undecided |
2ccd995850e5
(Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68220
diff
changeset
|
966 You can customize the mode line display for each of the end-of-line |
2ccd995850e5
(Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68220
diff
changeset
|
967 formats by setting each of the variables @code{eol-mnemonic-unix}, |
2ccd995850e5
(Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68220
diff
changeset
|
968 @code{eol-mnemonic-dos}, @code{eol-mnemonic-mac}, and |
68516 | 969 @code{eol-mnemonic-undecided} to the strings you prefer. |
68455
2ccd995850e5
(Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68220
diff
changeset
|
970 |
25829 | 971 @node Text Display |
972 @section How Text Is Displayed | |
973 @cindex characters (in text) | |
974 | |
52979
3649390c0f91
Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
52461
diff
changeset
|
975 @acronym{ASCII} printing characters (octal codes 040 through 0176) in Emacs |
38048
bd45e6c57fba
Proofreading fixes from Danny Colascione <qtmstr@optonline.net>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37485
diff
changeset
|
976 buffers are displayed with their graphics, as are non-ASCII multibyte |
25829 | 977 printing characters (octal codes above 0400). |
978 | |
52979
3649390c0f91
Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
52461
diff
changeset
|
979 Some @acronym{ASCII} control characters are displayed in special ways. The |
25829 | 980 newline character (octal code 012) is displayed by starting a new line. |
981 The tab character (octal code 011) is displayed by moving to the next | |
982 tab stop column (normally every 8 columns). | |
983 | |
52979
3649390c0f91
Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
52461
diff
changeset
|
984 Other @acronym{ASCII} control characters are normally displayed as a caret |
25829 | 985 (@samp{^}) followed by the non-control version of the character; thus, |
68516 | 986 control-A is displayed as @samp{^A}. The caret appears in face |
987 @code{escape-glyph}. | |
988 | |
989 Non-@acronym{ASCII} characters 0200 through 0237 (octal) are | |
990 displayed with octal escape sequences; thus, character code 0230 | |
991 (octal) is displayed as @samp{\230}. The backslash appears in face | |
992 @code{escape-glyph}. | |
25829 | 993 |
68516 | 994 @vindex ctl-arrow |
995 If the variable @code{ctl-arrow} is @code{nil}, control characters in | |
996 the buffer are displayed with octal escape sequences, except for newline | |
997 and tab. Altering the value of @code{ctl-arrow} makes it local to the | |
998 current buffer; until that time, the default value is in effect. The | |
999 default is initially @code{t}. | |
1000 | |
1001 The display of character codes 0240 through 0377 (octal) may be | |
1002 either as escape sequences or as graphics. They do not normally occur | |
1003 in multibyte buffers, but if they do, they are displayed as Latin-1 | |
1004 graphics. In unibyte mode, if you enable European display they are | |
1005 displayed using their graphics (assuming your terminal supports them), | |
68714
55bc2caea3d5
(Text Display): Update xrefs.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
68639
diff
changeset
|
1006 otherwise as escape sequences. @xref{Unibyte Mode}. |
25829 | 1007 |
63721
9bcd6144b097
(Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63649
diff
changeset
|
1008 @vindex nobreak-char-display |
63753
21f1853e2386
(Text Display): Change index entries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63722
diff
changeset
|
1009 @cindex no-break space, display |
21f1853e2386
(Text Display): Change index entries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63722
diff
changeset
|
1010 @cindex no-break hyphen, display |
21f1853e2386
(Text Display): Change index entries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63722
diff
changeset
|
1011 @cindex soft hyphen, display |
63721
9bcd6144b097
(Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63649
diff
changeset
|
1012 Some character sets define ``no-break'' versions of the space and |
9bcd6144b097
(Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63649
diff
changeset
|
1013 hyphen characters, which are used where a line should not be broken. |
9bcd6144b097
(Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63649
diff
changeset
|
1014 Emacs normally displays these characters with special faces |
9bcd6144b097
(Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63649
diff
changeset
|
1015 (respectively, @code{nobreak-space} and @code{escape-glyph}) to |
9bcd6144b097
(Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63649
diff
changeset
|
1016 distinguish them from ordinary spaces and hyphens. You can turn off |
9bcd6144b097
(Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63649
diff
changeset
|
1017 this feature by setting the variable @code{nobreak-char-display} to |
9bcd6144b097
(Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63649
diff
changeset
|
1018 @code{nil}. If you set the variable to any other value, that means to |
9bcd6144b097
(Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63649
diff
changeset
|
1019 prefix these characters with an escape character. |
60950
c7ee76ed1a51
(Text Display): Mention non-breaking spaces.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60857
diff
changeset
|
1020 |
68516 | 1021 @vindex tab-width |
1022 @vindex default-tab-width | |
1023 Normally, a tab character in the buffer is displayed as whitespace which | |
1024 extends to the next display tab stop position, and display tab stops come | |
1025 at intervals equal to eight spaces. The number of spaces per tab is | |
1026 controlled by the variable @code{tab-width}, which is made local by | |
1027 changing it. Note that how the tab character | |
1028 in the buffer is displayed has nothing to do with the definition of | |
1029 @key{TAB} as a command. The variable @code{tab-width} must have an | |
1030 integer value between 1 and 1000, inclusive. The variable | |
1031 @code{default-tab-width} controls the default value of this variable | |
1032 for buffers where you have not set it locally. | |
1033 | |
1034 You can customize the way any particular character code is displayed | |
1035 by means of a display table. @xref{Display Tables,, Display Tables, | |
1036 elisp, The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}. | |
1037 | |
60104
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1038 @node Cursor Display |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1039 @section Displaying the Cursor |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1040 |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1041 @findex blink-cursor-mode |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1042 @vindex blink-cursor-alist |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1043 @cindex cursor, locating visually |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1044 @cindex cursor, blinking |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1045 You can customize the cursor's color, and whether it blinks, using |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1046 the @code{cursor} Custom group (@pxref{Easy Customization}). On |
70357
03e273042b0d
Say "graphical displays".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68841
diff
changeset
|
1047 a graphical display, the command @kbd{M-x blink-cursor-mode} enables |
60104
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1048 or disables the blinking of the cursor. (On text terminals, the |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1049 terminal itself blinks the cursor, and Emacs has no control over it.) |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1050 You can control how the cursor appears when it blinks off by setting |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1051 the variable @code{blink-cursor-alist}. |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1052 |
67937
cee5814efd02
(Displaying the Cursor): Mention visible-cursor.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
67771
diff
changeset
|
1053 @vindex visible-cursor |
cee5814efd02
(Displaying the Cursor): Mention visible-cursor.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
67771
diff
changeset
|
1054 Some text terminals offer two different cursors: the normal cursor |
cee5814efd02
(Displaying the Cursor): Mention visible-cursor.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
67771
diff
changeset
|
1055 and the very visible cursor, where the latter may be e.g. bigger or |
71581
e0b0c80d7e1c
(Auto Scrolling): New node, broken out of Scrolling.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70483
diff
changeset
|
1056 blinking. By default Emacs uses the very visible cursor, and switches |
e0b0c80d7e1c
(Auto Scrolling): New node, broken out of Scrolling.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70483
diff
changeset
|
1057 to it when you start or resume Emacs. If the variable |
e0b0c80d7e1c
(Auto Scrolling): New node, broken out of Scrolling.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70483
diff
changeset
|
1058 @code{visible-cursor} is @code{nil} when Emacs starts or resumes, it |
e0b0c80d7e1c
(Auto Scrolling): New node, broken out of Scrolling.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70483
diff
changeset
|
1059 doesn't switch, so it uses the normal cursor. |
67937
cee5814efd02
(Displaying the Cursor): Mention visible-cursor.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
67771
diff
changeset
|
1060 |
60104
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1061 @cindex cursor in non-selected windows |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1062 @vindex cursor-in-non-selected-windows |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1063 Normally, the cursor appears in non-selected windows in the ``off'' |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1064 state, with the same appearance as when the blinking cursor blinks |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1065 ``off''. For a box cursor, this is a hollow box; for a bar cursor, |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1066 this is a thinner bar. To turn off cursors in non-selected windows, |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1067 customize the variable @code{cursor-in-non-selected-windows} and assign |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1068 it a @code{nil} value. |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1069 |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1070 @vindex x-stretch-cursor |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1071 @cindex wide block cursor |
70357
03e273042b0d
Say "graphical displays".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68841
diff
changeset
|
1072 On graphical displays, Emacs can optionally draw the block cursor |
60104
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1073 as wide as the character under the cursor---for example, if the cursor |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1074 is on a tab character, it would cover the full width occupied by that |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1075 tab character. To enable this feature, set the variable |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1076 @code{x-stretch-cursor} to a non-@code{nil} value. |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1077 |
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(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
1078 @findex hl-line-mode |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1079 @findex global-hl-line-mode |
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(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1080 @cindex highlight current line |
68516 | 1081 To make the cursor even more visible, you can use HL Line mode, a |
1082 minor mode that highlights the line containing point. Use @kbd{M-x | |
60104
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1083 hl-line-mode} to enable or disable it in the current buffer. @kbd{M-x |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1084 global-hl-line-mode} enables or disables the same mode globally. |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1085 |
36150
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
1086 @node Display Custom |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
1087 @section Customization of Display |
25829 | 1088 |
68455
2ccd995850e5
(Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68220
diff
changeset
|
1089 This section describes variables (@pxref{Variables}) that you can |
68516 | 1090 change to customize how Emacs displays. Beginning users can skip |
68455
2ccd995850e5
(Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68220
diff
changeset
|
1091 it. |
2ccd995850e5
(Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68220
diff
changeset
|
1092 @c the reason for that pxref is because an xref early in the |
2ccd995850e5
(Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68220
diff
changeset
|
1093 @c ``echo area'' section leads here. |
25829 | 1094 |
1095 @vindex inverse-video | |
1096 If the variable @code{inverse-video} is non-@code{nil}, Emacs attempts | |
1097 to invert all the lines of the display from what they normally are. | |
1098 | |
1099 @vindex visible-bell | |
1100 If the variable @code{visible-bell} is non-@code{nil}, Emacs attempts | |
1101 to make the whole screen blink when it would normally make an audible bell | |
1102 sound. This variable has no effect if your terminal does not have a way | |
60104
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1103 to make the screen blink. |
25829 | 1104 |
1105 @vindex echo-keystrokes | |
1106 The variable @code{echo-keystrokes} controls the echoing of multi-character | |
1107 keys; its value is the number of seconds of pause required to cause echoing | |
71581
e0b0c80d7e1c
(Auto Scrolling): New node, broken out of Scrolling.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70483
diff
changeset
|
1108 to start, or zero, meaning don't echo at all. The value takes effect when |
e0b0c80d7e1c
(Auto Scrolling): New node, broken out of Scrolling.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70483
diff
changeset
|
1109 there is someting to echo. @xref{Echo Area}. |
25829 | 1110 |
60104
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1111 @cindex truncation |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1112 @cindex line truncation, and fringes |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1113 As an alternative to continuation, Emacs can display long lines by |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1114 @dfn{truncation}. This means that all the characters that do not fit |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1115 in the width of the screen or window do not appear at all. On |
68516 | 1116 graphical displays, a small straight arrow in the fringe indicates |
1117 truncation at either end of the line. On text-only terminals, @samp{$} | |
60104
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1118 appears in the first column when there is text truncated to the left, |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1119 and in the last column when there is text truncated to the right. |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1120 |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1121 @vindex truncate-lines |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1122 @findex toggle-truncate-lines |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1123 Horizontal scrolling automatically causes line truncation |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1124 (@pxref{Horizontal Scrolling}). You can explicitly enable line |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1125 truncation for a particular buffer with the command @kbd{M-x |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1126 toggle-truncate-lines}. This works by locally changing the variable |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1127 @code{truncate-lines}. If that variable is non-@code{nil}, long lines |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1128 are truncated; if it is @code{nil}, they are continued onto multiple |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1129 screen lines. Setting the variable @code{truncate-lines} in any way |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1130 makes it local to the current buffer; until that time, the default |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1131 value is in effect. The default value is normally @code{nil}. |
25829 | 1132 |
1133 @c @vindex truncate-partial-width-windows @c Idx entry is in Split Windows. | |
1134 If the variable @code{truncate-partial-width-windows} is | |
1135 non-@code{nil}, it forces truncation rather than continuation in any | |
1136 window less than the full width of the screen or frame, regardless of | |
1137 the value of @code{truncate-lines}. For information about side-by-side | |
1138 windows, see @ref{Split Window}. See also @ref{Display,, Display, | |
1139 elisp, The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}. | |
1140 | |
57194
4871edb9e1d3
(Display Custom): Add `overflow-newline-into-fringe',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56779
diff
changeset
|
1141 @vindex overflow-newline-into-fringe |
4871edb9e1d3
(Display Custom): Add `overflow-newline-into-fringe',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56779
diff
changeset
|
1142 If the variable @code{overflow-newline-into-fringe} is |
68516 | 1143 non-@code{nil} on a graphical display, then Emacs does not continue or |
1144 truncate a line which is exactly as wide as the window. Instead, the | |
1145 newline overflows into the right fringe, and the cursor appears in the | |
1146 fringe when positioned on that newline. | |
57194
4871edb9e1d3
(Display Custom): Add `overflow-newline-into-fringe',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56779
diff
changeset
|
1147 |
4871edb9e1d3
(Display Custom): Add `overflow-newline-into-fringe',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56779
diff
changeset
|
1148 @vindex indicate-buffer-boundaries |
68516 | 1149 On a graphical display, Emacs can indicate the buffer boundaries in |
70483 | 1150 the fringes. It indicates the first line and the last line with |
68516 | 1151 angle images in the fringes. This can be combined with up and down |
1152 arrow images which say whether it is possible to scroll the window up | |
1153 and down. | |
57194
4871edb9e1d3
(Display Custom): Add `overflow-newline-into-fringe',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56779
diff
changeset
|
1154 |
57251
f4a2067d260e
(Display Custom) <indicate-buffer-boundaries>:
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57200
diff
changeset
|
1155 The buffer-local variable @code{indicate-buffer-boundaries} controls |
57194
4871edb9e1d3
(Display Custom): Add `overflow-newline-into-fringe',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56779
diff
changeset
|
1156 how the buffer boundaries and window scrolling is indicated in the |
68516 | 1157 fringes. If the value is @code{left} or @code{right}, both angle and |
1158 arrow bitmaps are displayed in the left or right fringe, respectively. | |
57194
4871edb9e1d3
(Display Custom): Add `overflow-newline-into-fringe',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56779
diff
changeset
|
1159 |
57251
f4a2067d260e
(Display Custom) <indicate-buffer-boundaries>:
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57200
diff
changeset
|
1160 If value is an alist, each element @code{(@var{indicator} . |
f4a2067d260e
(Display Custom) <indicate-buffer-boundaries>:
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57200
diff
changeset
|
1161 @var{position})} specifies the position of one of the indicators. |
f4a2067d260e
(Display Custom) <indicate-buffer-boundaries>:
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57200
diff
changeset
|
1162 The @var{indicator} must be one of @code{top}, @code{bottom}, |
f4a2067d260e
(Display Custom) <indicate-buffer-boundaries>:
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57200
diff
changeset
|
1163 @code{up}, @code{down}, or @code{t} which specifies the default |
f4a2067d260e
(Display Custom) <indicate-buffer-boundaries>:
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57200
diff
changeset
|
1164 position for the indicators not present in the alist. |
62571
e2ddd55fafc1
(Display Custom): Correct typo.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
62417
diff
changeset
|
1165 The @var{position} is one of @code{left}, @code{right}, or @code{nil} |
57251
f4a2067d260e
(Display Custom) <indicate-buffer-boundaries>:
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57200
diff
changeset
|
1166 which specifies not to show this indicator. |
f4a2067d260e
(Display Custom) <indicate-buffer-boundaries>:
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57200
diff
changeset
|
1167 |
f4a2067d260e
(Display Custom) <indicate-buffer-boundaries>:
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57200
diff
changeset
|
1168 For example, @code{((top . left) (t . right))} places the top angle |
f4a2067d260e
(Display Custom) <indicate-buffer-boundaries>:
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57200
diff
changeset
|
1169 bitmap in left fringe, the bottom angle bitmap in right fringe, and |
f4a2067d260e
(Display Custom) <indicate-buffer-boundaries>:
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57200
diff
changeset
|
1170 both arrow bitmaps in right fringe. To show just the angle bitmaps in |
f4a2067d260e
(Display Custom) <indicate-buffer-boundaries>:
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57200
diff
changeset
|
1171 the left fringe, but no arrow bitmaps, use @code{((top . left) |
f4a2067d260e
(Display Custom) <indicate-buffer-boundaries>:
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57200
diff
changeset
|
1172 (bottom . left))}. |
57194
4871edb9e1d3
(Display Custom): Add `overflow-newline-into-fringe',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56779
diff
changeset
|
1173 |
4871edb9e1d3
(Display Custom): Add `overflow-newline-into-fringe',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56779
diff
changeset
|
1174 @vindex default-indicate-buffer-boundaries |
4871edb9e1d3
(Display Custom): Add `overflow-newline-into-fringe',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56779
diff
changeset
|
1175 The value of the variable @code{default-indicate-buffer-boundaries} |
4871edb9e1d3
(Display Custom): Add `overflow-newline-into-fringe',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56779
diff
changeset
|
1176 is the default value for @code{indicate-buffer-boundaries} in buffers |
4871edb9e1d3
(Display Custom): Add `overflow-newline-into-fringe',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56779
diff
changeset
|
1177 that do not override it. |
4871edb9e1d3
(Display Custom): Add `overflow-newline-into-fringe',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56779
diff
changeset
|
1178 |
25829 | 1179 @vindex baud-rate |
68516 | 1180 The variable @anchor{baud-rate}@code{baud-rate} holds the output |
1181 speed of the terminal, as far as Emacs knows. Setting this variable | |
1182 does not change the speed of actual data transmission, but the value | |
1183 is used for calculations. On text-only terminals, it affects padding, | |
1184 and decisions about whether to scroll part of the screen or redraw it | |
1185 instead. It also affects the behavior of incremental search. | |
32624
cc6228b81571
(Display Vars): Fix description of the role of
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
31188
diff
changeset
|
1186 |
68516 | 1187 On graphical displays, @code{baud-rate} is only used to determine |
1188 how frequently to look for pending input during display updating. A | |
36150
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
1189 higher value of @code{baud-rate} means that check for pending input |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
1190 will be done less frequently. |
25829 | 1191 |
36260 | 1192 @cindex hourglass pointer display |
1193 @vindex hourglass-delay | |
68516 | 1194 On graphical display, Emacs can optionally display the mouse pointer |
36156
3a9de976b35c
Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36151
diff
changeset
|
1195 in a special shape to say that Emacs is busy. To turn this feature on |
3a9de976b35c
Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36151
diff
changeset
|
1196 or off, customize the group @code{cursor}. You can also control the |
3a9de976b35c
Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36151
diff
changeset
|
1197 amount of time Emacs must remain busy before the busy indicator is |
36260 | 1198 displayed, by setting the variable @code{hourglass-delay}. |
36156
3a9de976b35c
Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36151
diff
changeset
|
1199 |
39162
af44a4698df4
Describe tty-suppress-bold-inverse-default-colors.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38939
diff
changeset
|
1200 @findex tty-suppress-bold-inverse-default-colors |
af44a4698df4
Describe tty-suppress-bold-inverse-default-colors.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38939
diff
changeset
|
1201 On some text-only terminals, bold face and inverse video together |
af44a4698df4
Describe tty-suppress-bold-inverse-default-colors.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38939
diff
changeset
|
1202 result in text that is hard to read. Call the function |
af44a4698df4
Describe tty-suppress-bold-inverse-default-colors.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38939
diff
changeset
|
1203 @code{tty-suppress-bold-inverse-default-colors} with a non-@code{nil} |
af44a4698df4
Describe tty-suppress-bold-inverse-default-colors.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38939
diff
changeset
|
1204 argument to suppress the effect of bold-face in this case. |
af44a4698df4
Describe tty-suppress-bold-inverse-default-colors.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38939
diff
changeset
|
1205 |
68516 | 1206 @vindex no-redraw-on-reenter |
1207 On a text-only terminal, when you reenter Emacs after suspending, Emacs | |
1208 normally clears the screen and redraws the entire display. On some | |
1209 terminals with more than one page of memory, it is possible to arrange | |
1210 the termcap entry so that the @samp{ti} and @samp{te} strings (output | |
1211 to the terminal when Emacs is entered and exited, respectively) switch | |
1212 between pages of memory so as to use one page for Emacs and another | |
71581
e0b0c80d7e1c
(Auto Scrolling): New node, broken out of Scrolling.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70483
diff
changeset
|
1213 page for other output. On such terminals, you might want to set the variable |
68516 | 1214 @code{no-redraw-on-reenter} non-@code{nil}; this tells Emacs to |
1215 assume, when resumed, that the screen page it is using still contains | |
1216 what Emacs last wrote there. | |
1217 | |
52401 | 1218 @ignore |
1219 arch-tag: 2219f910-2ff0-4521-b059-1bd231a536c4 | |
1220 @end ignore |