Mercurial > emacs
annotate man/rmail.texi @ 63553:5026b9fcbb0c
(mail-setup-with-from): New variable.
(mail-insert-from-field): New function.
(sendmail-send-it): Call it.
(mail-setup): Optionally call it here.
author | Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org> |
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date | Fri, 17 Jun 2005 14:28:44 +0000 |
parents | ead6069b170d |
children | 3723093a21fd 146c086df160 |
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25829 | 1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual. |
39287 | 2 @c Copyright (C) 1985,86,87,93,94,95,1997,2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
25829 | 3 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions. |
4 @node Rmail, Dired, Sending Mail, Top | |
5 @chapter Reading Mail with Rmail | |
6 @cindex Rmail | |
7 @cindex reading mail | |
8 @findex rmail | |
9 @findex rmail-mode | |
10 @vindex rmail-mode-hook | |
11 | |
12 Rmail is an Emacs subsystem for reading and disposing of mail that you | |
13 receive. Rmail stores mail messages in files called Rmail files. | |
14 Reading the message in an Rmail file is done in a special major mode, | |
15 Rmail mode, which redefines most letters to run commands for managing | |
16 mail. The command @code{rmail-mode} is used to switch into Rmail mode, | |
17 and it runs the hook @code{rmail-mode-hook} as usual, but don't run this | |
18 command by hand; it can't do a reasonable job unless the buffer is | |
19 visiting a proper Rmail file. | |
20 | |
21 @menu | |
22 * Basic: Rmail Basics. Basic concepts of Rmail, and simple use. | |
23 * Scroll: Rmail Scrolling. Scrolling through a message. | |
24 * Motion: Rmail Motion. Moving to another message. | |
25 * Deletion: Rmail Deletion. Deleting and expunging messages. | |
26 * Inbox: Rmail Inbox. How mail gets into the Rmail file. | |
27 * Files: Rmail Files. Using multiple Rmail files. | |
28 * Output: Rmail Output. Copying message out to files. | |
29 * Labels: Rmail Labels. Classifying messages by labeling them. | |
30 * Attrs: Rmail Attributes. Certain standard labels, called attributes. | |
31 * Reply: Rmail Reply. Sending replies to messages you are viewing. | |
32 * Summary: Rmail Summary. Summaries show brief info on many messages. | |
33 * Sort: Rmail Sorting. Sorting messages in Rmail. | |
34 * Display: Rmail Display. How Rmail displays a message; customization. | |
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35 * Coding: Rmail Coding. How Rmail handles decoding character sets. |
25829 | 36 * Editing: Rmail Editing. Editing message text and headers in Rmail. |
37 * Digest: Rmail Digest. Extracting the messages from a digest message. | |
38 * Out of Rmail:: Converting an Rmail file to mailbox format. | |
39 * Rot13: Rmail Rot13. Reading messages encoded in the rot13 code. | |
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40 * Movemail:: More details of fetching new mail. |
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41 * Remote Mailboxes:: Retrieving Mail from Remote Mailboxes. |
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42 * Other Mailbox Formats:: Retrieving Mail from Local Mailboxes in |
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43 Various Formats |
25829 | 44 @end menu |
45 | |
46 @node Rmail Basics | |
47 @section Basic Concepts of Rmail | |
48 | |
49 @cindex primary Rmail file | |
50 @vindex rmail-file-name | |
51 Using Rmail in the simplest fashion, you have one Rmail file | |
52 @file{~/RMAIL} in which all of your mail is saved. It is called your | |
53 @dfn{primary Rmail file}. The command @kbd{M-x rmail} reads your primary | |
54 Rmail file, merges new mail in from your inboxes, displays the first | |
55 message you haven't read yet, and lets you begin reading. The variable | |
56 @code{rmail-file-name} specifies the name of the primary Rmail file. | |
57 | |
58 Rmail uses narrowing to hide all but one message in the Rmail file. | |
59 The message that is shown is called the @dfn{current message}. Rmail | |
60 mode's special commands can do such things as delete the current | |
61 message, copy it into another file, send a reply, or move to another | |
62 message. You can also create multiple Rmail files and use Rmail to move | |
63 messages between them. | |
64 | |
65 @cindex message number | |
66 Within the Rmail file, messages are normally arranged sequentially in | |
67 order of receipt; you can specify other ways to sort them. Messages are | |
68 assigned consecutive integers as their @dfn{message numbers}. The | |
69 number of the current message is displayed in Rmail's mode line, | |
70 followed by the total number of messages in the file. You can move to a | |
71 message by specifying its message number with the @kbd{j} key | |
72 (@pxref{Rmail Motion}). | |
73 | |
74 @kindex s @r{(Rmail)} | |
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75 @findex rmail-expunge-and-save |
25829 | 76 Following the usual conventions of Emacs, changes in an Rmail file |
77 become permanent only when the file is saved. You can save it with | |
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78 @kbd{s} (@code{rmail-expunge-and-save}), which also expunges deleted |
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79 messages from the file first (@pxref{Rmail Deletion}). To save the |
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80 file without expunging, use @kbd{C-x C-s}. Rmail also saves the Rmail |
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81 file after merging new mail from an inbox file (@pxref{Rmail Inbox}). |
25829 | 82 |
83 @kindex q @r{(Rmail)} | |
84 @findex rmail-quit | |
85 @kindex b @r{(Rmail)} | |
86 @findex rmail-bury | |
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87 You can exit Rmail with @kbd{q} (@code{rmail-quit}); this expunges |
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88 and saves the Rmail file, then buries the Rmail buffer as well as its |
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89 summary buffer, if present (@pxref{Rmail Summary}). But there is no |
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90 need to ``exit'' formally. If you switch from Rmail to editing in |
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91 other buffers, and never happen to switch back, you have exited. Just |
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92 make sure to save the Rmail file eventually (like any other file you |
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93 have changed). @kbd{C-x s} is a good enough way to do this |
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94 (@pxref{Saving}). The Rmail command @kbd{b}, @code{rmail-bury}, |
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95 buries the Rmail buffer and its summary buffer without expunging and |
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96 saving the Rmail file. |
25829 | 97 |
98 @node Rmail Scrolling | |
99 @section Scrolling Within a Message | |
100 | |
101 When Rmail displays a message that does not fit on the screen, you | |
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102 must scroll through it to read the rest. You could do this with |
25829 | 103 @kbd{C-v}, @kbd{M-v} and @kbd{M-<}, but in Rmail scrolling is so |
104 frequent that it deserves to be easier to type. | |
105 | |
106 @table @kbd | |
107 @item @key{SPC} | |
108 Scroll forward (@code{scroll-up}). | |
109 @item @key{DEL} | |
110 Scroll backward (@code{scroll-down}). | |
111 @item . | |
112 Scroll to start of message (@code{rmail-beginning-of-message}). | |
113 @end table | |
114 | |
115 @kindex SPC @r{(Rmail)} | |
116 @kindex DEL @r{(Rmail)} | |
117 Since the most common thing to do while reading a message is to scroll | |
118 through it by screenfuls, Rmail makes @key{SPC} and @key{DEL} synonyms of | |
119 @kbd{C-v} (@code{scroll-up}) and @kbd{M-v} (@code{scroll-down}) | |
120 | |
121 @kindex . @r{(Rmail)} | |
122 @findex rmail-beginning-of-message | |
123 The command @kbd{.} (@code{rmail-beginning-of-message}) scrolls back to the | |
124 beginning of the selected message. This is not quite the same as @kbd{M-<}: | |
125 for one thing, it does not set the mark; for another, it resets the buffer | |
126 boundaries to the current message if you have changed them. | |
127 | |
128 @node Rmail Motion | |
129 @section Moving Among Messages | |
130 | |
131 The most basic thing to do with a message is to read it. The way to | |
132 do this in Rmail is to make the message current. The usual practice is | |
133 to move sequentially through the file, since this is the order of | |
134 receipt of messages. When you enter Rmail, you are positioned at the | |
135 first message that you have not yet made current (that is, the first one | |
136 that has the @samp{unseen} attribute; @pxref{Rmail Attributes}). Move | |
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137 forward to see the other new messages; move backward to re-examine old |
25829 | 138 messages. |
139 | |
140 @table @kbd | |
141 @item n | |
142 Move to the next nondeleted message, skipping any intervening deleted | |
143 messages (@code{rmail-next-undeleted-message}). | |
144 @item p | |
145 Move to the previous nondeleted message | |
146 (@code{rmail-previous-undeleted-message}). | |
147 @item M-n | |
148 Move to the next message, including deleted messages | |
149 (@code{rmail-next-message}). | |
150 @item M-p | |
151 Move to the previous message, including deleted messages | |
152 (@code{rmail-previous-message}). | |
153 @item j | |
154 Move to the first message. With argument @var{n}, move to | |
155 message number @var{n} (@code{rmail-show-message}). | |
156 @item > | |
157 Move to the last message (@code{rmail-last-message}). | |
158 @item < | |
159 Move to the first message (@code{rmail-first-message}). | |
160 | |
161 @item M-s @var{regexp} @key{RET} | |
162 Move to the next message containing a match for @var{regexp} | |
163 (@code{rmail-search}). | |
164 | |
165 @item - M-s @var{regexp} @key{RET} | |
166 Move to the previous message containing a match for @var{regexp}. | |
167 @end table | |
168 | |
169 @kindex n @r{(Rmail)} | |
170 @kindex p @r{(Rmail)} | |
171 @kindex M-n @r{(Rmail)} | |
172 @kindex M-p @r{(Rmail)} | |
173 @findex rmail-next-undeleted-message | |
174 @findex rmail-previous-undeleted-message | |
175 @findex rmail-next-message | |
176 @findex rmail-previous-message | |
177 @kbd{n} and @kbd{p} are the usual way of moving among messages in | |
178 Rmail. They move through the messages sequentially, but skip over | |
179 deleted messages, which is usually what you want to do. Their command | |
180 definitions are named @code{rmail-next-undeleted-message} and | |
181 @code{rmail-previous-undeleted-message}. If you do not want to skip | |
182 deleted messages---for example, if you want to move to a message to | |
183 undelete it---use the variants @kbd{M-n} and @kbd{M-p} | |
184 (@code{rmail-next-message} and @code{rmail-previous-message}). A | |
185 numeric argument to any of these commands serves as a repeat | |
186 count.@refill | |
187 | |
188 In Rmail, you can specify a numeric argument by typing just the | |
189 digits. You don't need to type @kbd{C-u} first. | |
190 | |
191 @kindex M-s @r{(Rmail)} | |
192 @findex rmail-search | |
193 @cindex searching in Rmail | |
194 The @kbd{M-s} (@code{rmail-search}) command is Rmail's version of | |
195 search. The usual incremental search command @kbd{C-s} works in Rmail, | |
196 but it searches only within the current message. The purpose of | |
197 @kbd{M-s} is to search for another message. It reads a regular | |
198 expression (@pxref{Regexps}) nonincrementally, then searches starting at | |
199 the beginning of the following message for a match. It then selects | |
200 that message. If @var{regexp} is empty, @kbd{M-s} reuses the regexp | |
201 used the previous time. | |
202 | |
203 To search backward in the file for another message, give @kbd{M-s} a | |
204 negative argument. In Rmail you can do this with @kbd{- M-s}. | |
205 | |
206 It is also possible to search for a message based on labels. | |
207 @xref{Rmail Labels}. | |
208 | |
209 @kindex j @r{(Rmail)} | |
210 @kindex > @r{(Rmail)} | |
211 @kindex < @r{(Rmail)} | |
212 @findex rmail-show-message | |
213 @findex rmail-last-message | |
214 @findex rmail-first-message | |
215 To move to a message specified by absolute message number, use @kbd{j} | |
216 (@code{rmail-show-message}) with the message number as argument. With | |
217 no argument, @kbd{j} selects the first message. @kbd{<} | |
218 (@code{rmail-first-message}) also selects the first message. @kbd{>} | |
219 (@code{rmail-last-message}) selects the last message. | |
220 | |
221 @node Rmail Deletion | |
222 @section Deleting Messages | |
223 | |
224 @cindex deletion (Rmail) | |
225 When you no longer need to keep a message, you can @dfn{delete} it. This | |
226 flags it as ignorable, and some Rmail commands pretend it is no longer | |
227 present; but it still has its place in the Rmail file, and still has its | |
228 message number. | |
229 | |
230 @cindex expunging (Rmail) | |
231 @dfn{Expunging} the Rmail file actually removes the deleted messages. | |
232 The remaining messages are renumbered consecutively. Expunging is the only | |
233 action that changes the message number of any message, except for | |
234 undigestifying (@pxref{Rmail Digest}). | |
235 | |
236 @table @kbd | |
237 @item d | |
238 Delete the current message, and move to the next nondeleted message | |
239 (@code{rmail-delete-forward}). | |
240 @item C-d | |
241 Delete the current message, and move to the previous nondeleted | |
242 message (@code{rmail-delete-backward}). | |
243 @item u | |
244 Undelete the current message, or move back to a deleted message and | |
245 undelete it (@code{rmail-undelete-previous-message}). | |
246 @item x | |
247 Expunge the Rmail file (@code{rmail-expunge}). | |
248 @end table | |
249 | |
250 @kindex d @r{(Rmail)} | |
251 @kindex C-d @r{(Rmail)} | |
252 @findex rmail-delete-forward | |
253 @findex rmail-delete-backward | |
254 There are two Rmail commands for deleting messages. Both delete the | |
255 current message and select another message. @kbd{d} | |
256 (@code{rmail-delete-forward}) moves to the following message, skipping | |
257 messages already deleted, while @kbd{C-d} (@code{rmail-delete-backward}) | |
258 moves to the previous nondeleted message. If there is no nondeleted | |
259 message to move to in the specified direction, the message that was just | |
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260 deleted remains current. @kbd{d} with a numeric argument is |
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261 equivalent to @kbd{C-d}. |
25829 | 262 |
263 @vindex rmail-delete-message-hook | |
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264 Whenever Rmail deletes a message, it runs the hook |
25829 | 265 @code{rmail-delete-message-hook}. When the hook functions are invoked, |
266 the message has been marked deleted, but it is still the current message | |
267 in the Rmail buffer. | |
268 | |
269 @cindex undeletion (Rmail) | |
270 @kindex x @r{(Rmail)} | |
271 @findex rmail-expunge | |
272 @kindex u @r{(Rmail)} | |
273 @findex rmail-undelete-previous-message | |
274 To make all the deleted messages finally vanish from the Rmail file, | |
275 type @kbd{x} (@code{rmail-expunge}). Until you do this, you can still | |
276 @dfn{undelete} the deleted messages. The undeletion command, @kbd{u} | |
277 (@code{rmail-undelete-previous-message}), is designed to cancel the | |
278 effect of a @kbd{d} command in most cases. It undeletes the current | |
279 message if the current message is deleted. Otherwise it moves backward | |
280 to previous messages until a deleted message is found, and undeletes | |
281 that message. | |
282 | |
283 You can usually undo a @kbd{d} with a @kbd{u} because the @kbd{u} | |
284 moves back to and undeletes the message that the @kbd{d} deleted. But | |
285 this does not work when the @kbd{d} skips a few already-deleted messages | |
286 that follow the message being deleted; then the @kbd{u} command | |
287 undeletes the last of the messages that were skipped. There is no clean | |
288 way to avoid this problem. However, by repeating the @kbd{u} command, | |
289 you can eventually get back to the message that you intend to | |
290 undelete. You can also select a particular deleted message with | |
291 the @kbd{M-p} command, then type @kbd{u} to undelete it. | |
292 | |
293 A deleted message has the @samp{deleted} attribute, and as a result | |
294 @samp{deleted} appears in the mode line when the current message is | |
295 deleted. In fact, deleting or undeleting a message is nothing more than | |
296 adding or removing this attribute. @xref{Rmail Attributes}. | |
297 | |
298 @node Rmail Inbox | |
299 @section Rmail Files and Inboxes | |
300 @cindex inbox file | |
301 | |
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302 When you receive mail locally, the operating system places incoming |
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303 mail for you in a file that we call your @dfn{inbox}. When you start |
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304 up Rmail, it runs a C program called @code{movemail} to copy the new |
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305 messages from your local inbox into your primary Rmail file, which |
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306 also contains other messages saved from previous Rmail sessions. It |
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307 is in this file that you actually read the mail with Rmail. This |
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308 operation is called @dfn{getting new mail}. You can get new mail at |
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309 any time in Rmail by typing @kbd{g}. |
25829 | 310 |
311 @vindex rmail-primary-inbox-list | |
29107 | 312 @cindex @env{MAIL} environment variable |
25829 | 313 The variable @code{rmail-primary-inbox-list} contains a list of the |
314 files which are inboxes for your primary Rmail file. If you don't set | |
29107 | 315 this variable explicitly, it is initialized from the @env{MAIL} |
25829 | 316 environment variable, or, as a last resort, set to @code{nil}, which |
317 means to use the default inbox. The default inbox is | |
318 @file{/var/mail/@var{username}}, @file{/usr/spool/mail/@var{username}}, | |
319 or @file{/usr/mail/@var{username}}, depending on your operating system. | |
320 | |
321 To see what the default is on your system, use @kbd{C-h v | |
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322 rmail-primary-inbox-list @key{RET}}. You can specify the inbox file(s) for |
25829 | 323 any Rmail file with the command @code{set-rmail-inbox-list}; see |
324 @ref{Rmail Files}. | |
325 | |
326 There are two reasons for having separate Rmail files and inboxes. | |
327 | |
328 @enumerate | |
329 @item | |
330 The inbox file format varies between operating systems and according to | |
331 the other mail software in use. Only one part of Rmail needs to know | |
332 about the alternatives, and it need only understand how to convert all | |
333 of them to Rmail's own format. | |
334 | |
335 @item | |
336 It is very cumbersome to access an inbox file without danger of losing | |
337 mail, because it is necessary to interlock with mail delivery. | |
338 Moreover, different operating systems use different interlocking | |
339 techniques. The strategy of moving mail out of the inbox once and for | |
340 all into a separate Rmail file avoids the need for interlocking in all | |
341 the rest of Rmail, since only Rmail operates on the Rmail file. | |
342 @end enumerate | |
343 | |
344 Rmail was written to use Babyl format as its internal format. Since | |
345 then, we have recognized that the usual inbox format on Unix and GNU | |
346 systems is adequate for the job, and we plan to change Rmail to use that | |
347 as its internal format. However, the Rmail file will still be separate | |
348 from the inbox file, even on systems where their format is the same. | |
349 | |
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350 @vindex rmail-preserve-inbox |
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351 When getting new mail, Rmail first copies the new mail from the inbox |
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352 file to the Rmail file; then it saves the Rmail file; then it truncates |
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353 the inbox file. This way, a system crash may cause duplication of mail |
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354 between the inbox and the Rmail file, but cannot lose mail. If |
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355 @code{rmail-preserve-inbox} is non-@code{nil}, then Rmail will copy new |
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356 mail from the inbox file to the Rmail file without truncating the inbox |
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357 file. You may wish to set this, for example, on a portable computer you |
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358 use to check your mail via POP while traveling, so that your mail will |
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359 remain on the server and you can save it later on your workstation. |
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360 |
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361 In some cases, Rmail copies the new mail from the inbox file |
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362 indirectly. First it runs the @code{movemail} program to move the mail |
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363 from the inbox to an intermediate file called |
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364 @file{~/.newmail-@var{inboxname}}. Then Rmail merges the new mail from |
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365 that file, saves the Rmail file, and only then deletes the intermediate |
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366 file. If there is a crash at the wrong time, this file continues to |
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367 exist, and Rmail will use it again the next time it gets new mail from |
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368 that inbox. |
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369 |
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370 If Rmail is unable to convert the data in |
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371 @file{~/.newmail-@var{inboxname}} into Babyl format, it renames the file |
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372 to @file{~/RMAILOSE.@var{n}} (@var{n} is an integer chosen to make the |
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373 name unique) so that Rmail will not have trouble with the data again. |
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374 You should look at the file, find whatever message confuses Rmail |
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375 (probably one that includes the control-underscore character, octal code |
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376 037), and delete it. Then you can use @kbd{1 g} to get new mail from |
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377 the corrected file. |
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378 |
25829 | 379 @node Rmail Files |
380 @section Multiple Rmail Files | |
381 | |
382 Rmail operates by default on your @dfn{primary Rmail file}, which is named | |
383 @file{~/RMAIL} and receives your incoming mail from your system inbox file. | |
384 But you can also have other Rmail files and edit them with Rmail. These | |
385 files can receive mail through their own inboxes, or you can move messages | |
386 into them with explicit Rmail commands (@pxref{Rmail Output}). | |
387 | |
388 @table @kbd | |
389 @item i @var{file} @key{RET} | |
390 Read @var{file} into Emacs and run Rmail on it (@code{rmail-input}). | |
391 | |
392 @item M-x set-rmail-inbox-list @key{RET} @var{files} @key{RET} | |
393 Specify inbox file names for current Rmail file to get mail from. | |
394 | |
395 @item g | |
396 Merge new mail from current Rmail file's inboxes | |
397 (@code{rmail-get-new-mail}). | |
398 | |
399 @item C-u g @var{file} @key{RET} | |
400 Merge new mail from inbox file @var{file}. | |
401 @end table | |
402 | |
403 @kindex i @r{(Rmail)} | |
404 @findex rmail-input | |
405 To run Rmail on a file other than your primary Rmail file, you may use | |
406 the @kbd{i} (@code{rmail-input}) command in Rmail. This visits the file | |
407 in Rmail mode. You can use @kbd{M-x rmail-input} even when not in | |
408 Rmail. | |
409 | |
410 The file you read with @kbd{i} should normally be a valid Rmail file. | |
411 If it is not, Rmail tries to decompose it into a stream of messages in | |
412 various known formats. If it succeeds, it converts the whole file to an | |
413 Rmail file. If you specify a file name that doesn't exist, @kbd{i} | |
414 initializes a new buffer for creating a new Rmail file. | |
415 | |
416 @vindex rmail-secondary-file-directory | |
417 @vindex rmail-secondary-file-regexp | |
418 You can also select an Rmail file from a menu. Choose first the menu | |
419 bar Classify item, then from the Classify menu choose the Input Rmail | |
420 File item; then choose the Rmail file you want. The variables | |
421 @code{rmail-secondary-file-directory} and | |
422 @code{rmail-secondary-file-regexp} specify which files to offer in the | |
423 menu: the first variable says which directory to find them in; the | |
424 second says which files in that directory to offer (all those that match | |
425 the regular expression). These variables also apply to choosing a file | |
426 for output (@pxref{Rmail Output}). | |
427 | |
428 @findex set-rmail-inbox-list | |
429 Each Rmail file can contain a list of inbox file names; you can specify | |
430 this list with @kbd{M-x set-rmail-inbox-list @key{RET} @var{files} | |
431 @key{RET}}. The argument can contain any number of file names, separated | |
432 by commas. It can also be empty, which specifies that this file should | |
433 have no inboxes. Once a list of inboxes is specified, the Rmail file | |
434 remembers it permanently until you specify a different list. | |
435 | |
436 As a special exception, if your primary Rmail file does not specify any | |
437 inbox files, it uses your standard system inbox. | |
438 | |
439 @kindex g @r{(Rmail)} | |
440 @findex rmail-get-new-mail | |
441 The @kbd{g} command (@code{rmail-get-new-mail}) merges mail into the | |
442 current Rmail file from its specified inboxes. If the Rmail file | |
443 has no inboxes, @kbd{g} does nothing. The command @kbd{M-x rmail} | |
444 also merges new mail into your primary Rmail file. | |
445 | |
446 To merge mail from a file that is not the usual inbox, give the | |
447 @kbd{g} key a numeric argument, as in @kbd{C-u g}. Then it reads a file | |
448 name and merges mail from that file. The inbox file is not deleted or | |
449 changed in any way when @kbd{g} with an argument is used. This is, | |
450 therefore, a general way of merging one file of messages into another. | |
451 | |
452 @node Rmail Output | |
453 @section Copying Messages Out to Files | |
454 | |
455 These commands copy messages from an Rmail file into another file. | |
456 | |
457 @table @kbd | |
458 @item o @var{file} @key{RET} | |
459 Append a copy of the current message to the file @var{file}, using Rmail | |
460 file format by default (@code{rmail-output-to-rmail-file}). | |
461 | |
462 @item C-o @var{file} @key{RET} | |
463 Append a copy of the current message to the file @var{file}, using | |
464 system inbox file format by default (@code{rmail-output}). | |
465 | |
466 @item w @var{file} @key{RET} | |
467 Output just the message body to the file @var{file}, taking the default | |
468 file name from the message @samp{Subject} header. | |
469 @end table | |
470 | |
471 @kindex o @r{(Rmail)} | |
472 @findex rmail-output-to-rmail-file | |
473 @kindex C-o @r{(Rmail)} | |
474 @findex rmail-output | |
475 The commands @kbd{o} and @kbd{C-o} copy the current message into a | |
476 specified file. This file may be an Rmail file or it may be in system | |
477 inbox format; the output commands ascertain the file's format and write | |
478 the copied message in that format. | |
479 | |
480 The @kbd{o} and @kbd{C-o} commands differ in two ways: each has its | |
481 own separate default file name, and each specifies a choice of format to | |
482 use when the file does not already exist. The @kbd{o} command uses | |
483 Rmail format when it creates a new file, while @kbd{C-o} uses system | |
484 inbox format for a new file. The default file name for @kbd{o} is the | |
485 file name used last with @kbd{o}, and the default file name for | |
486 @kbd{C-o} is the file name used last with @kbd{C-o}. | |
487 | |
488 If the output file is an Rmail file currently visited in an Emacs buffer, | |
489 the output commands copy the message into that buffer. It is up to you | |
490 to save the buffer eventually in its file. | |
491 | |
492 @kindex w @r{(Rmail)} | |
493 @findex rmail-output-body-to-file | |
494 Sometimes you may receive a message whose body holds the contents of a | |
495 file. You can save the body to a file (excluding the message header) | |
496 with the @kbd{w} command (@code{rmail-output-body-to-file}). Often | |
497 these messages contain the intended file name in the @samp{Subject} | |
498 field, so the @kbd{w} command uses the @samp{Subject} field as the | |
499 default for the output file name. However, the file name is read using | |
500 the minibuffer, so you can specify a different name if you wish. | |
501 | |
502 You can also output a message to an Rmail file chosen with a menu. | |
503 Choose first the menu bar Classify item, then from the Classify menu | |
504 choose the Output Rmail File menu item; then choose the Rmail file you want. | |
505 This outputs the current message to that file, like the @kbd{o} command. | |
506 The variables @code{rmail-secondary-file-directory} and | |
507 @code{rmail-secondary-file-regexp} specify which files to offer in the | |
508 menu: the first variable says which directory to find them in; the | |
509 second says which files in that directory to offer (all those that match | |
510 the regular expression). | |
511 | |
512 @vindex rmail-delete-after-output | |
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513 Copying a message with @kbd{o} or @kbd{C-o} gives the original copy |
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514 of the message the @samp{filed} attribute, so that @samp{filed} |
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515 appears in the mode line when such a message is current. @kbd{w} |
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516 gives it the @samp{stored} attribute. If you like to keep just a |
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517 single copy of every mail message, set the variable |
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518 @code{rmail-delete-after-output} to @code{t}; then the @kbd{o}, |
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519 @kbd{C-o} and @kbd{w} commands delete the original message after |
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520 copying it. (You can undelete the original afterward if you wish.) |
25829 | 521 |
522 Copying messages into files in system inbox format uses the header | |
523 fields that are displayed in Rmail at the time. Thus, if you use the | |
524 @kbd{t} command to view the entire header and then copy the message, the | |
525 entire header is copied. @xref{Rmail Display}. | |
526 | |
527 @vindex rmail-output-file-alist | |
528 The variable @code{rmail-output-file-alist} lets you specify | |
529 intelligent defaults for the output file, based on the contents of the | |
530 current message. The value should be a list whose elements have this | |
531 form: | |
532 | |
533 @example | |
534 (@var{regexp} . @var{name-exp}) | |
535 @end example | |
536 | |
537 @noindent | |
538 If there's a match for @var{regexp} in the current message, then the | |
539 default file name for output is @var{name-exp}. If multiple elements | |
540 match the message, the first matching element decides the default file | |
541 name. The subexpression @var{name-exp} may be a string constant giving | |
542 the file name to use, or more generally it may be any Lisp expression | |
543 that returns a file name as a string. @code{rmail-output-file-alist} | |
544 applies to both @kbd{o} and @kbd{C-o}. | |
545 | |
546 @node Rmail Labels | |
547 @section Labels | |
548 @cindex label (Rmail) | |
549 @cindex attribute (Rmail) | |
550 | |
551 Each message can have various @dfn{labels} assigned to it as a means | |
552 of classification. Each label has a name; different names are different | |
553 labels. Any given label is either present or absent on a particular | |
554 message. A few label names have standard meanings and are given to | |
555 messages automatically by Rmail when appropriate; these special labels | |
556 are called @dfn{attributes}. | |
557 @ifinfo | |
558 (@xref{Rmail Attributes}.) | |
559 @end ifinfo | |
560 All other labels are assigned only by users. | |
561 | |
562 @table @kbd | |
563 @item a @var{label} @key{RET} | |
564 Assign the label @var{label} to the current message (@code{rmail-add-label}). | |
565 @item k @var{label} @key{RET} | |
566 Remove the label @var{label} from the current message (@code{rmail-kill-label}). | |
567 @item C-M-n @var{labels} @key{RET} | |
568 Move to the next message that has one of the labels @var{labels} | |
569 (@code{rmail-next-labeled-message}). | |
570 @item C-M-p @var{labels} @key{RET} | |
571 Move to the previous message that has one of the labels @var{labels} | |
572 (@code{rmail-previous-labeled-message}). | |
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573 @item l @var{labels} @key{RET} |
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574 @itemx C-M-l @var{labels} @key{RET} |
25829 | 575 Make a summary of all messages containing any of the labels @var{labels} |
576 (@code{rmail-summary-by-labels}). | |
577 @end table | |
578 | |
579 @kindex a @r{(Rmail)} | |
580 @kindex k @r{(Rmail)} | |
581 @findex rmail-add-label | |
582 @findex rmail-kill-label | |
583 The @kbd{a} (@code{rmail-add-label}) and @kbd{k} | |
584 (@code{rmail-kill-label}) commands allow you to assign or remove any | |
585 label on the current message. If the @var{label} argument is empty, it | |
586 means to assign or remove the same label most recently assigned or | |
587 removed. | |
588 | |
589 Once you have given messages labels to classify them as you wish, there | |
590 are two ways to use the labels: in moving and in summaries. | |
591 | |
592 @kindex C-M-n @r{(Rmail)} | |
593 @kindex C-M-p @r{(Rmail)} | |
594 @findex rmail-next-labeled-message | |
595 @findex rmail-previous-labeled-message | |
596 The command @kbd{C-M-n @var{labels} @key{RET}} | |
597 (@code{rmail-next-labeled-message}) moves to the next message that has | |
598 one of the labels @var{labels}. The argument @var{labels} specifies one | |
599 or more label names, separated by commas. @kbd{C-M-p} | |
600 (@code{rmail-previous-labeled-message}) is similar, but moves backwards | |
601 to previous messages. A numeric argument to either command serves as a | |
602 repeat count. | |
603 | |
604 The command @kbd{C-M-l @var{labels} @key{RET}} | |
605 (@code{rmail-summary-by-labels}) displays a summary containing only the | |
606 messages that have at least one of a specified set of labels. The | |
607 argument @var{labels} is one or more label names, separated by commas. | |
608 @xref{Rmail Summary}, for information on summaries.@refill | |
609 | |
610 If the @var{labels} argument to @kbd{C-M-n}, @kbd{C-M-p} or | |
611 @kbd{C-M-l} is empty, it means to use the last set of labels specified | |
612 for any of these commands. | |
613 | |
614 @node Rmail Attributes | |
615 @section Rmail Attributes | |
616 | |
617 Some labels such as @samp{deleted} and @samp{filed} have built-in | |
618 meanings and are assigned to or removed from messages automatically at | |
619 appropriate times; these labels are called @dfn{attributes}. Here is a | |
620 list of Rmail attributes: | |
621 | |
622 @table @samp | |
623 @item unseen | |
624 Means the message has never been current. Assigned to messages when | |
625 they come from an inbox file, and removed when a message is made | |
626 current. When you start Rmail, it initially shows the first message | |
627 that has this attribute. | |
628 @item deleted | |
629 Means the message is deleted. Assigned by deletion commands and | |
630 removed by undeletion commands (@pxref{Rmail Deletion}). | |
631 @item filed | |
632 Means the message has been copied to some other file. Assigned by the | |
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633 @kbd{o} and @kbd{C-o} file output commands (@pxref{Rmail Output}). |
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634 @item stored |
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635 Assigned by the @kbd{w} file output command (@pxref{Rmail Output}). |
25829 | 636 @item answered |
637 Means you have mailed an answer to the message. Assigned by the @kbd{r} | |
638 command (@code{rmail-reply}). @xref{Rmail Reply}. | |
639 @item forwarded | |
640 Means you have forwarded the message. Assigned by the @kbd{f} command | |
641 (@code{rmail-forward}). @xref{Rmail Reply}. | |
642 @item edited | |
643 Means you have edited the text of the message within Rmail. | |
644 @xref{Rmail Editing}. | |
645 @item resent | |
646 Means you have resent the message. Assigned by the command @kbd{M-x | |
647 rmail-resend}. @xref{Rmail Reply}. | |
648 @end table | |
649 | |
650 All other labels are assigned or removed only by the user, and have no | |
651 standard meaning. | |
652 | |
653 @node Rmail Reply | |
654 @section Sending Replies | |
655 | |
656 Rmail has several commands that use Mail mode to send outgoing mail. | |
657 @xref{Sending Mail}, for information on using Mail mode, including | |
658 certain features meant to work with Rmail. What this section documents | |
659 are the special commands of Rmail for entering Mail mode. Note that the | |
660 usual keys for sending mail---@kbd{C-x m}, @kbd{C-x 4 m}, and @kbd{C-x 5 | |
661 m}---are available in Rmail mode and work just as they usually do. | |
662 | |
663 @table @kbd | |
664 @item m | |
665 Send a message (@code{rmail-mail}). | |
666 @item c | |
667 Continue editing the already started outgoing message (@code{rmail-continue}). | |
668 @item r | |
669 Send a reply to the current Rmail message (@code{rmail-reply}). | |
670 @item f | |
671 Forward the current message to other users (@code{rmail-forward}). | |
672 @item C-u f | |
673 Resend the current message to other users (@code{rmail-resend}). | |
674 @item M-m | |
675 Try sending a bounced message a second time (@code{rmail-retry-failure}). | |
676 @end table | |
677 | |
678 @kindex r @r{(Rmail)} | |
679 @findex rmail-reply | |
680 @cindex reply to a message | |
681 The most common reason to send a message while in Rmail is to reply to | |
682 the message you are reading. To do this, type @kbd{r} | |
683 (@code{rmail-reply}). This displays the @samp{*mail*} buffer in another | |
684 window, much like @kbd{C-x 4 m}, but preinitializes the @samp{Subject}, | |
685 @samp{To}, @samp{CC} and @samp{In-reply-to} header fields based on the | |
686 message you are replying to. The @samp{To} field starts out as the | |
687 address of the person who sent the message you received, and the | |
688 @samp{CC} field starts out with all the other recipients of that | |
689 message. | |
690 | |
691 @vindex rmail-dont-reply-to-names | |
692 You can exclude certain recipients from being placed automatically in | |
693 the @samp{CC}, using the variable @code{rmail-dont-reply-to-names}. Its | |
694 value should be a regular expression (as a string); any recipient that | |
695 the regular expression matches, is excluded from the @samp{CC} field. | |
696 The default value matches your own name, and any name starting with | |
697 @samp{info-}. (Those names are excluded because there is a convention | |
698 of using them for large mailing lists to broadcast announcements.) | |
699 | |
700 To omit the @samp{CC} field completely for a particular reply, enter | |
701 the reply command with a numeric argument: @kbd{C-u r} or @kbd{1 r}. | |
702 | |
703 Once the @samp{*mail*} buffer has been initialized, editing and | |
704 sending the mail goes as usual (@pxref{Sending Mail}). You can edit the | |
705 presupplied header fields if they are not right for you. You can also | |
706 use the commands of Mail mode (@pxref{Mail Mode}), including @kbd{C-c | |
707 C-y} which yanks in the message that you are replying to. You can | |
708 switch to the Rmail buffer, select a different message there, switch | |
709 back, and yank the new current message. | |
710 | |
711 @kindex M-m @r{(Rmail)} | |
712 @findex rmail-retry-failure | |
713 @cindex retrying a failed message | |
714 @vindex rmail-retry-ignored-headers | |
715 Sometimes a message does not reach its destination. Mailers usually | |
716 send the failed message back to you, enclosed in a @dfn{failure | |
717 message}. The Rmail command @kbd{M-m} (@code{rmail-retry-failure}) | |
718 prepares to send the same message a second time: it sets up a | |
719 @samp{*mail*} buffer with the same text and header fields as before. If | |
720 you type @kbd{C-c C-c} right away, you send the message again exactly | |
721 the same as the first time. Alternatively, you can edit the text or | |
722 headers and then send it. The variable | |
723 @code{rmail-retry-ignored-headers}, in the same format as | |
724 @code{rmail-ignored-headers} (@pxref{Rmail Display}), controls which | |
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725 headers are stripped from the failed message when retrying it. |
25829 | 726 |
727 @kindex f @r{(Rmail)} | |
728 @findex rmail-forward | |
729 @cindex forwarding a message | |
730 Another frequent reason to send mail in Rmail is to @dfn{forward} the | |
731 current message to other users. @kbd{f} (@code{rmail-forward}) makes | |
732 this easy by preinitializing the @samp{*mail*} buffer with the current | |
733 message as the text, and a subject designating a forwarded message. All | |
734 you have to do is fill in the recipients and send. When you forward a | |
735 message, recipients get a message which is ``from'' you, and which has | |
736 the original message in its contents. | |
737 | |
738 @findex unforward-rmail-message | |
739 Forwarding a message encloses it between two delimiter lines. It also | |
740 modifies every line that starts with a dash, by inserting @w{@samp{- }} | |
741 at the start of the line. When you receive a forwarded message, if it | |
742 contains something besides ordinary text---for example, program source | |
743 code---you might find it useful to undo that transformation. You can do | |
744 this by selecting the forwarded message and typing @kbd{M-x | |
745 unforward-rmail-message}. This command extracts the original forwarded | |
746 message, deleting the inserted @w{@samp{- }} strings, and inserts it | |
747 into the Rmail file as a separate message immediately following the | |
748 current one. | |
749 | |
750 @findex rmail-resend | |
751 @dfn{Resending} is an alternative similar to forwarding; the | |
752 difference is that resending sends a message that is ``from'' the | |
753 original sender, just as it reached you---with a few added header fields | |
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754 @samp{Resent-From} and @samp{Resent-To} to indicate that it came via |
25829 | 755 you. To resend a message in Rmail, use @kbd{C-u f}. (@kbd{f} runs |
756 @code{rmail-forward}, which is programmed to invoke @code{rmail-resend} | |
757 if you provide a numeric argument.) | |
758 | |
759 @kindex m @r{(Rmail)} | |
760 @findex rmail-mail | |
761 The @kbd{m} (@code{rmail-mail}) command is used to start editing an | |
762 outgoing message that is not a reply. It leaves the header fields empty. | |
763 Its only difference from @kbd{C-x 4 m} is that it makes the Rmail buffer | |
764 accessible for @kbd{C-c C-y}, just as @kbd{r} does. Thus, @kbd{m} can be | |
765 used to reply to or forward a message; it can do anything @kbd{r} or @kbd{f} | |
766 can do.@refill | |
767 | |
768 @kindex c @r{(Rmail)} | |
769 @findex rmail-continue | |
770 The @kbd{c} (@code{rmail-continue}) command resumes editing the | |
771 @samp{*mail*} buffer, to finish editing an outgoing message you were | |
772 already composing, or to alter a message you have sent.@refill | |
773 | |
774 @vindex rmail-mail-new-frame | |
775 If you set the variable @code{rmail-mail-new-frame} to a | |
776 non-@code{nil} value, then all the Rmail commands to start sending a | |
777 message create a new frame to edit it in. This frame is deleted when | |
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778 you send the message, or when you use the @samp{Cancel} item in the |
25829 | 779 @samp{Mail} menu. |
780 | |
781 All the Rmail commands to send a message use the mail-composition | |
782 method that you have chosen (@pxref{Mail Methods}). | |
783 | |
784 @node Rmail Summary | |
785 @section Summaries | |
786 @cindex summary (Rmail) | |
787 | |
788 A @dfn{summary} is a buffer containing one line per message to give | |
789 you an overview of the mail in an Rmail file. Each line shows the | |
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790 message number and date, the sender, the line count, the labels, and |
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791 the subject. Moving point in the summary buffer selects messages as |
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792 you move to their summary lines. Almost all Rmail commands are valid |
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793 in the summary buffer also; when used there, they apply to the message |
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794 described by the current line of the summary. |
25829 | 795 |
796 A summary buffer applies to a single Rmail file only; if you are | |
797 editing multiple Rmail files, each one can have its own summary buffer. | |
798 The summary buffer name is made by appending @samp{-summary} to the | |
799 Rmail buffer's name. Normally only one summary buffer is displayed at a | |
800 time. | |
801 | |
802 @menu | |
803 * Rmail Make Summary:: Making various sorts of summaries. | |
804 * Rmail Summary Edit:: Manipulating messages from the summary. | |
805 @end menu | |
806 | |
807 @node Rmail Make Summary | |
808 @subsection Making Summaries | |
809 | |
810 Here are the commands to create a summary for the current Rmail file. | |
811 Once the Rmail file has a summary buffer, changes in the Rmail file | |
812 (such as deleting or expunging messages, and getting new mail) | |
813 automatically update the summary. | |
814 | |
815 @table @kbd | |
816 @item h | |
817 @itemx C-M-h | |
818 Summarize all messages (@code{rmail-summary}). | |
819 @item l @var{labels} @key{RET} | |
820 @itemx C-M-l @var{labels} @key{RET} | |
821 Summarize messages that have one or more of the specified labels | |
822 (@code{rmail-summary-by-labels}). | |
823 @item C-M-r @var{rcpts} @key{RET} | |
824 Summarize messages that have one or more of the specified recipients | |
825 (@code{rmail-summary-by-recipients}). | |
826 @item C-M-t @var{topic} @key{RET} | |
827 Summarize messages that have a match for the specified regexp | |
828 @var{topic} in their subjects (@code{rmail-summary-by-topic}). | |
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829 @item C-M-s @var{regexp} |
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830 Summarize messages whose headers and the subject line match the |
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831 specified regular expression @var{regexp} |
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832 (@code{rmail-summary-by-regexp}). |
25829 | 833 @end table |
834 | |
835 @kindex h @r{(Rmail)} | |
836 @findex rmail-summary | |
837 The @kbd{h} or @kbd{C-M-h} (@code{rmail-summary}) command fills the summary buffer | |
838 for the current Rmail file with a summary of all the messages in the file. | |
839 It then displays and selects the summary buffer in another window. | |
840 | |
841 @kindex l @r{(Rmail)} | |
842 @kindex C-M-l @r{(Rmail)} | |
843 @findex rmail-summary-by-labels | |
844 @kbd{C-M-l @var{labels} @key{RET}} (@code{rmail-summary-by-labels}) makes | |
845 a partial summary mentioning only the messages that have one or more of the | |
846 labels @var{labels}. @var{labels} should contain label names separated by | |
847 commas.@refill | |
848 | |
849 @kindex C-M-r @r{(Rmail)} | |
850 @findex rmail-summary-by-recipients | |
851 @kbd{C-M-r @var{rcpts} @key{RET}} (@code{rmail-summary-by-recipients}) | |
852 makes a partial summary mentioning only the messages that have one or more | |
853 of the recipients @var{rcpts}. @var{rcpts} should contain mailing | |
854 addresses separated by commas.@refill | |
855 | |
856 @kindex C-M-t @r{(Rmail)} | |
857 @findex rmail-summary-by-topic | |
858 @kbd{C-M-t @var{topic} @key{RET}} (@code{rmail-summary-by-topic}) | |
859 makes a partial summary mentioning only the messages whose subjects have | |
860 a match for the regular expression @var{topic}. | |
861 | |
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862 @kindex C-M-s @r{(Rmail)} |
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863 @findex rmail-summary-by-regexp |
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864 @kbd{C-M-s @var{regexp} @key{RET}} (@code{rmail-summary-by-regexp}) |
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865 makes a partial summary which mentions only the messages whose headers |
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866 (including the date and the subject lines) match the regular |
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867 expression @var{regexp}. |
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868 |
25829 | 869 Note that there is only one summary buffer for any Rmail file; making one |
870 kind of summary discards any previously made summary. | |
871 | |
872 @vindex rmail-summary-window-size | |
873 @vindex rmail-summary-line-count-flag | |
874 The variable @code{rmail-summary-window-size} says how many lines to | |
875 use for the summary window. The variable | |
876 @code{rmail-summary-line-count-flag} controls whether the summary line | |
877 for a message should include the line count of the message. | |
878 | |
879 @node Rmail Summary Edit | |
880 @subsection Editing in Summaries | |
881 | |
882 You can use the Rmail summary buffer to do almost anything you can do | |
883 in the Rmail buffer itself. In fact, once you have a summary buffer, | |
884 there's no need to switch back to the Rmail buffer. | |
885 | |
886 You can select and display various messages in the Rmail buffer, from | |
887 the summary buffer, just by moving point in the summary buffer to | |
888 different lines. It doesn't matter what Emacs command you use to move | |
889 point; whichever line point is on at the end of the command, that | |
890 message is selected in the Rmail buffer. | |
891 | |
892 Almost all Rmail commands work in the summary buffer as well as in the | |
893 Rmail buffer. Thus, @kbd{d} in the summary buffer deletes the current | |
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894 message, @kbd{u} undeletes, and @kbd{x} expunges. (However, in the |
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895 summary buffer, a numeric argument to @kbd{d}, @kbd{C-d} and @kbd{u} |
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896 serves as a repeat count. A negative argument reverses the meaning of |
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897 @kbd{d} and @kbd{C-d}.) @kbd{o} and @kbd{C-o} output the current |
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898 message to a file; @kbd{r} starts a reply to it. You can scroll the |
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899 current message while remaining in the summary buffer using @key{SPC} |
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900 and @key{DEL}. |
25829 | 901 |
902 The Rmail commands to move between messages also work in the summary | |
903 buffer, but with a twist: they move through the set of messages included | |
904 in the summary. They also ensure the Rmail buffer appears on the screen | |
905 (unlike cursor motion commands, which update the contents of the Rmail | |
906 buffer but don't display it in a window unless it already appears). | |
907 Here is a list of these commands: | |
908 | |
909 @table @kbd | |
910 @item n | |
911 Move to next line, skipping lines saying `deleted', and select its | |
912 message. | |
913 @item p | |
914 Move to previous line, skipping lines saying `deleted', and select | |
915 its message. | |
916 @item M-n | |
917 Move to next line and select its message. | |
918 @item M-p | |
919 Move to previous line and select its message. | |
920 @item > | |
921 Move to the last line, and select its message. | |
922 @item < | |
923 Move to the first line, and select its message. | |
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924 @item j |
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925 @itemx @key{RET} |
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926 Select the message on the current line (ensuring that the RMAIL buffer |
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927 appears on the screen). With argument @var{n}, select message number |
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928 @var{n} and move to its line in the summary buffer; this signals an |
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929 error if the message is not listed in the summary buffer. |
25829 | 930 @item M-s @var{pattern} @key{RET} |
931 Search through messages for @var{pattern} starting with the current | |
932 message; select the message found, and move point in the summary buffer | |
933 to that message's line. | |
934 @end table | |
935 | |
936 @vindex rmail-redisplay-summary | |
937 Deletion, undeletion, and getting new mail, and even selection of a | |
938 different message all update the summary buffer when you do them in the | |
939 Rmail buffer. If the variable @code{rmail-redisplay-summary} is | |
940 non-@code{nil}, these actions also bring the summary buffer back onto | |
941 the screen. | |
942 | |
943 @kindex Q @r{(Rmail summary)} | |
944 @findex rmail-summary-wipe | |
945 @kindex q @r{(Rmail summary)} | |
946 @findex rmail-summary-quit | |
947 When you are finished using the summary, type @kbd{Q} | |
948 (@code{rmail-summary-wipe}) to delete the summary buffer's window. You | |
949 can also exit Rmail while in the summary: @kbd{q} | |
950 (@code{rmail-summary-quit}) deletes the summary window, then exits from | |
951 Rmail by saving the Rmail file and switching to another buffer. | |
952 | |
953 @node Rmail Sorting | |
954 @section Sorting the Rmail File | |
955 | |
956 @table @kbd | |
957 @item M-x rmail-sort-by-date | |
958 Sort messages of current Rmail file by date. | |
959 | |
960 @item M-x rmail-sort-by-subject | |
961 Sort messages of current Rmail file by subject. | |
962 | |
963 @item M-x rmail-sort-by-author | |
964 Sort messages of current Rmail file by author's name. | |
965 | |
966 @item M-x rmail-sort-by-recipient | |
967 Sort messages of current Rmail file by recipient's names. | |
968 | |
969 @item M-x rmail-sort-by-correspondent | |
970 Sort messages of current Rmail file by the name of the other | |
971 correspondent. | |
972 | |
973 @item M-x rmail-sort-by-lines | |
974 Sort messages of current Rmail file by size (number of lines). | |
975 | |
976 @item M-x rmail-sort-by-keywords @key{RET} @var{labels} @key{RET} | |
977 Sort messages of current Rmail file by labels. The argument | |
978 @var{labels} should be a comma-separated list of labels. The order of | |
979 these labels specifies the order of messages; messages with the first | |
980 label come first, messages with the second label come second, and so on. | |
981 Messages which have none of these labels come last. | |
982 @end table | |
983 | |
984 The Rmail sort commands perform a @emph{stable sort}: if there is no | |
985 reason to prefer either one of two messages, their order remains | |
986 unchanged. You can use this to sort by more than one criterion. For | |
987 example, if you use @code{rmail-sort-by-date} and then | |
988 @code{rmail-sort-by-author}, messages from the same author appear in | |
989 order by date. | |
990 | |
991 With a numeric argument, all these commands reverse the order of | |
992 comparison. This means they sort messages from newest to oldest, from | |
993 biggest to smallest, or in reverse alphabetical order. | |
994 | |
995 @node Rmail Display | |
996 @section Display of Messages | |
997 | |
998 Rmail reformats the header of each message before displaying it for | |
999 the first time. Reformatting hides uninteresting header fields to | |
1000 reduce clutter. You can use the @kbd{t} command to show the entire | |
1001 header or to repeat the header reformatting operation. | |
1002 | |
1003 @table @kbd | |
1004 @item t | |
1005 Toggle display of complete header (@code{rmail-toggle-header}). | |
1006 @end table | |
1007 | |
1008 @vindex rmail-ignored-headers | |
1009 Reformatting the header involves deleting most header fields, on the | |
1010 grounds that they are not interesting. The variable | |
1011 @code{rmail-ignored-headers} holds a regular expression that specifies | |
1012 which header fields to hide in this way---if it matches the beginning of | |
1013 a header field, that whole field is hidden. | |
1014 | |
1015 @kindex t @r{(Rmail)} | |
1016 @findex rmail-toggle-header | |
1017 Rmail saves the complete original header before reformatting; to see | |
1018 it, use the @kbd{t} command (@code{rmail-toggle-header}). This | |
1019 discards the reformatted headers of the current message and displays it | |
1020 with the original header. Repeating @kbd{t} reformats the message | |
1021 again. Selecting the message again also reformats. | |
1022 | |
1023 One consequence of this is that if you edit the reformatted header | |
1024 (using @kbd{e}; @pxref{Rmail Editing}), subsequent use of @kbd{t} will | |
1025 discard your edits. On the other hand, if you use @kbd{e} after | |
1026 @kbd{t}, to edit the original (unreformatted) header, those changes are | |
1027 permanent. | |
1028 | |
1029 When the @kbd{t} command has a prefix argument, a positive argument | |
1030 means to show the reformatted header, and a zero or negative argument | |
1031 means to show the full header. | |
1032 | |
1033 @vindex rmail-highlighted-headers | |
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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1034 When the terminal supports multiple fonts or colors, Rmail |
25829 | 1035 highlights certain header fields that are especially interesting---by |
1036 default, the @samp{From} and @samp{Subject} fields. The variable | |
1037 @code{rmail-highlighted-headers} holds a regular expression that | |
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1038 specifies the header fields to highlight; if it matches the beginning |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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|
1039 of a header field, that whole field is highlighted. |
25829 | 1040 |
37577
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rmail-save => rmail-expunge-and-save.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1041 If you specify unusual colors for your text foreground and |
8900b620b72c
rmail-save => rmail-expunge-and-save.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1042 background, the colors used for highlighting may not go well with |
8900b620b72c
rmail-save => rmail-expunge-and-save.
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parents:
37417
diff
changeset
|
1043 them. If so, specify different colors for the face |
8900b620b72c
rmail-save => rmail-expunge-and-save.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1044 @code{rmail-highlight-face}. @xref{Faces}, for how to do this. To |
8900b620b72c
rmail-save => rmail-expunge-and-save.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1045 turn off highlighting entirely in Rmail, set |
25829 | 1046 @code{rmail-highlighted-headers} to @code{nil}. |
1047 | |
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1048 You can highlight and activate URLs in incoming messages by adding |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
1049 the function @code{goto-address} to the hook |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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diff
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|
1050 @code{rmail-show-message-hook}. Then you can browse these URLs by |
60435
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(Rmail Inbox): Move text from Remote Mailboxes that really belongs here.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1051 clicking on them with @kbd{Mouse-2} (or @kbd{Mouse-1} quickly) or by |
b8d2ec2a15e7
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1052 moving to one and typing @kbd{C-c @key{RET}}. @xref{Goto-address, |
b8d2ec2a15e7
(Rmail Inbox): Move text from Remote Mailboxes that really belongs here.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1053 Activating URLs, Activating URLs}. |
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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|
1054 |
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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|
1055 @node Rmail Coding |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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|
1056 @section Rmail and Coding Systems |
28339 | 1057 |
35473
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(Rmail Display): Document rmail-redecode-body.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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|
1058 @cindex decoding mail messages (Rmail) |
52979
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Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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|
1059 Rmail automatically decodes messages which contain non-@acronym{ASCII} |
38065
4f1705a63f02
Proofreading fixes from Tim Goodwin <tjg@star.le.ac.uk>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1060 characters, just as Emacs does with files you visit and with subprocess |
4f1705a63f02
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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1061 output. Rmail uses the standard @samp{charset=@var{charset}} header in |
4f1705a63f02
Proofreading fixes from Tim Goodwin <tjg@star.le.ac.uk>.
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|
1062 the message, if any, to determine how the message was encoded by the |
4f1705a63f02
Proofreading fixes from Tim Goodwin <tjg@star.le.ac.uk>.
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parents:
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|
1063 sender. It maps @var{charset} into the corresponding Emacs coding |
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|
1064 system (@pxref{Coding Systems}), and uses that coding system to decode |
38868 | 1065 message text. If the message header doesn't have the @samp{charset} |
1066 specification, or if @var{charset} is not recognized, | |
38065
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|
1067 Rmail chooses the coding system with the usual Emacs heuristics and |
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1068 defaults (@pxref{Recognize Coding}). |
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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1069 |
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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|
1070 @cindex fixing incorrectly decoded mail messages |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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1071 Occasionally, a message is decoded incorrectly, either because Emacs |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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parents:
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|
1072 guessed the wrong coding system in the absence of the @samp{charset} |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1073 specification, or because the specification was inaccurate. For |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
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1074 example, a misconfigured mailer could send a message with a |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1075 @samp{charset=iso-8859-1} header when the message is actually encoded |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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1076 in @code{koi8-r}. When you see the message text garbled, or some of |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1077 its characters displayed as empty boxes, this may have happened. |
35473
6b9d1a2fb28b
(Rmail Display): Document rmail-redecode-body.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
1078 |
6b9d1a2fb28b
(Rmail Display): Document rmail-redecode-body.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1079 @findex rmail-redecode-body |
36173
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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1080 You can correct the problem by decoding the message again using the |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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diff
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|
1081 right coding system, if you can figure out or guess which one is |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1082 right. To do this, invoke the @kbd{M-x rmail-redecode-body} command. |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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parents:
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|
1083 It reads the name of a coding system, encodes the message body using |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1084 whichever coding system was used to decode it before, then redecodes |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1085 it using the coding system you specified. If you specified the right |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1086 coding system, the result should be readable. |
35473
6b9d1a2fb28b
(Rmail Display): Document rmail-redecode-body.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1087 |
36173
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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|
1088 Decoding and encoding using the wrong coding system is lossless for |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1089 most encodings, in particular with 8-bit encodings such as iso-8859 or |
35473
6b9d1a2fb28b
(Rmail Display): Document rmail-redecode-body.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1090 koi8. So, if the initial attempt to redecode the message didn't |
36173
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1091 result in a legible text, you can try other coding systems until you |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1092 succeed. |
35473
6b9d1a2fb28b
(Rmail Display): Document rmail-redecode-body.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
1093 |
36173
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1094 With some coding systems, notably those from the iso-2022 family, |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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parents:
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diff
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|
1095 information can be lost in decoding, so that encoding the message |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1096 again won't bring back the original incoming text. In such a case, |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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parents:
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|
1097 @code{rmail-redecode-body} cannot work. However, the problems that |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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parents:
35473
diff
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|
1098 call for use of @code{rmail-redecode-body} rarely occur with those |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1099 coding systems. So in practice the command works when you need it. |
35473
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(Rmail Display): Document rmail-redecode-body.
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parents:
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|
1100 |
25829 | 1101 @node Rmail Editing |
1102 @section Editing Within a Message | |
1103 | |
1104 Most of the usual Emacs commands are available in Rmail mode, though a | |
1105 few, such as @kbd{C-M-n} and @kbd{C-M-h}, are redefined by Rmail for | |
1106 other purposes. However, the Rmail buffer is normally read only, and | |
1107 most of the letters are redefined as Rmail commands. If you want to | |
1108 edit the text of a message, you must use the Rmail command @kbd{e}. | |
1109 | |
1110 @table @kbd | |
1111 @item e | |
1112 Edit the current message as ordinary text. | |
1113 @end table | |
1114 | |
1115 @kindex e @r{(Rmail)} | |
1116 @findex rmail-edit-current-message | |
1117 The @kbd{e} command (@code{rmail-edit-current-message}) switches from | |
1118 Rmail mode into Rmail Edit mode, another major mode which is nearly the | |
1119 same as Text mode. The mode line indicates this change. | |
1120 | |
1121 In Rmail Edit mode, letters insert themselves as usual and the Rmail | |
1122 commands are not available. When you are finished editing the message and | |
1123 are ready to go back to Rmail, type @kbd{C-c C-c}, which switches back to | |
1124 Rmail mode. Alternatively, you can return to Rmail mode but cancel all the | |
1125 editing that you have done, by typing @kbd{C-c C-]}. | |
1126 | |
1127 @vindex rmail-edit-mode-hook | |
1128 Entering Rmail Edit mode runs the hook @code{text-mode-hook}; then it | |
1129 runs the hook @code{rmail-edit-mode-hook} (@pxref{Hooks}). It adds the | |
1130 attribute @samp{edited} to the message. It also displays the full | |
1131 headers of the message, so that you can edit the headers as well as the | |
36345
7f2b7440c534
(Rmail Editing): Remove doubled `the'.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1132 body of the message, and your changes in the headers will be |
25829 | 1133 permanent. |
1134 | |
1135 @node Rmail Digest | |
1136 @section Digest Messages | |
1137 @cindex digest message | |
1138 @cindex undigestify | |
1139 | |
1140 A @dfn{digest message} is a message which exists to contain and carry | |
1141 several other messages. Digests are used on some moderated mailing | |
1142 lists; all the messages that arrive for the list during a period of time | |
1143 such as one day are put inside a single digest which is then sent to the | |
1144 subscribers. Transmitting the single digest uses much less computer | |
1145 time than transmitting the individual messages even though the total | |
1146 size is the same, because the per-message overhead in network mail | |
1147 transmission is considerable. | |
1148 | |
1149 @findex undigestify-rmail-message | |
1150 When you receive a digest message, the most convenient way to read it is | |
1151 to @dfn{undigestify} it: to turn it back into many individual messages. | |
1152 Then you can read and delete the individual messages as it suits you. | |
44326 | 1153 To do this, select the digest message and type the command @kbd{M-x |
25829 | 1154 undigestify-rmail-message}. This extracts the submessages as separate |
1155 Rmail messages, and inserts them following the digest. The digest | |
1156 message itself is flagged as deleted. | |
1157 | |
1158 @node Out of Rmail | |
1159 @section Converting an Rmail File to Inbox Format | |
39303
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1160 @cindex Babyl format to Inbox format |
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|
1161 @cindex converting Rmail file to mailbox format |
25829 | 1162 |
1163 @findex unrmail | |
1164 The command @kbd{M-x unrmail} converts a file in Rmail format to inbox | |
39303
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parents:
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1165 format (also known as the system mailbox, or mbox, format), so that |
2fc0bb5d638f
(Out of Rmail): Document b2m.
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|
1166 you can use it with other mail-editing tools. You must specify two |
2fc0bb5d638f
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1167 arguments, the name of the Rmail file and the name to use for the |
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1168 converted file. @kbd{M-x unrmail} does not alter the Rmail file itself. |
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|
1169 |
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|
1170 @pindex b2m |
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1171 @kbd{M-x unrmail} is useful if you can run Emacs on the machine |
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|
1172 where the Rmail file resides, or can access the Rmail file remotely |
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|
1173 (@pxref{Remote Files}) from a machine where Emacs is installed. If |
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|
1174 accessing Rmail files from Emacs is impossible, you can use the |
2fc0bb5d638f
(Out of Rmail): Document b2m.
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|
1175 @command{b2m} program instead. @command{b2m} is part of the Emacs |
2fc0bb5d638f
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|
1176 distribution, it is installed into the same directory where all the |
2fc0bb5d638f
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parents:
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|
1177 other auxiliary programs (@command{etags} etc.) are installed, and its |
2fc0bb5d638f
(Out of Rmail): Document b2m.
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1178 source is available in the Emacs source distribution, so that you |
2fc0bb5d638f
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1179 could copy the source to the target machine and compile it there. |
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|
1180 |
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|
1181 To convert a file @file{@var{babyl-file}} into @file{@var{mbox-file}}, |
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|
1182 invoke @command{b2m} like this: |
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|
1183 |
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|
1184 @example |
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1185 b2m < @var{babyl-file} > @var{mbox-file} |
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1186 @end example |
25829 | 1187 |
1188 @node Rmail Rot13 | |
1189 @section Reading Rot13 Messages | |
1190 @cindex rot13 code | |
1191 | |
1192 Mailing list messages that might offend some readers are sometimes | |
1193 encoded in a simple code called @dfn{rot13}---so named because it | |
1194 rotates the alphabet by 13 letters. This code is not for secrecy, as it | |
1195 provides none; rather, it enables those who might be offended to avoid | |
1196 ever seeing the real text of the message. | |
1197 | |
1198 @findex rot13-other-window | |
1199 To view a buffer using the rot13 code, use the command @kbd{M-x | |
1200 rot13-other-window}. This displays the current buffer in another window | |
1201 which applies the code when displaying the text. | |
1202 | |
1203 @node Movemail | |
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1204 @section @code{movemail} program |
25829 | 1205 @cindex @code{movemail} program |
1206 | |
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1207 When invoked for the first time, Rmail attempts to locate the |
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1208 @code{movemail} program and determine its version. There are two |
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1209 versions of @code{movemail} program: the native one, shipped with GNU |
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1210 Emacs (the ``emacs version'') and the one included in GNU mailutils |
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1211 (the ``mailutils version,'' @pxref{movemail,,,mailutils,GNU |
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1212 mailutils}). They support the same command line syntax and the same |
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1213 basic subset of options. However, the @samp{mailutils} version offers |
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1214 additional features. |
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1215 |
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1216 The Emacs version of @code{movemail} is able to retrieve mail from |
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1217 usual UNIX mailbox formats and from remote mailboxes using the POP3 |
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1218 protocol. |
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1219 |
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1220 The Mailutils version is able to handle a wide set of mailbox |
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1221 formats, such as plain UNIX mailboxes, @code{maildir} and @code{MH} |
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1222 mailboxes, etc. It is able to retrieve remote mail using POP3 or |
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1223 IMAP4 protocol, and can retrieve mail from them using a TLS encrypted |
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1224 channel. It also accepts mailbox argument in the @acronym{URL} form. |
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1225 The detailed description of mailbox @acronym{URL}s can be found in |
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1226 @ref{URL,,,mailutils,Mailbox URL Formats}. In short, a @acronym{URL} |
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1227 is: |
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1228 |
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1229 @smallexample |
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1230 @var{proto}://[@var{user}[:@var{password}]@@]@var{host-or-file-name} |
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1231 @end smallexample |
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1232 |
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1233 @noindent |
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1234 where square brackets denote optional elements. |
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1235 |
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1236 @table @var |
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1237 @item proto |
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1238 Specifies the @dfn{mailbox protocol}, or @dfn{format} to |
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1239 use. The exact semantics of the rest of @acronym{URL} elements depends |
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1240 on the actual value of @var{proto}. |
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1241 |
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1242 @item user |
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1243 User name to access the remote mailbox. |
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1244 |
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1245 @item password |
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1246 User password to access the remote mailbox. |
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1247 |
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1248 @item host-or-file-name |
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1249 Hostname of the remote server for remote mailboxes or file name of a |
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1250 local mailbox. |
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|
1251 @end table |
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|
1252 |
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1253 @var{Proto} can be one of: |
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|
1254 |
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|
1255 @table @asis |
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1256 @item mbox |
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1257 Usual UNIX mailbox format. In this case, neither @var{user} nor |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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1258 @var{pass} are used, and @var{host-or-file-name} denotes the file name of |
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1259 the mailbox file, e.g., @code{mbox://var/spool/mail/smith}. |
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|
1260 |
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1261 @item mh |
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1262 A local mailbox in the @acronym{MH} format. @var{User} and |
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1263 @var{pass} are not used. @var{Host-or-file-name} denotes the name of |
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1264 @acronym{MH} folder, e.g., @code{mh://Mail/inbox}. |
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1265 |
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1266 @item maildir |
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1267 A local mailbox in the @acronym{maildir} format. @var{User} and |
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1268 @var{pass} are not used, and @var{host-or-file-name} denotes the name of |
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1269 @code{maildir} mailbox, e.g., @code{maildir://mail/inbox}. |
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|
1270 |
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1271 @item file |
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1272 Any local mailbox format. Its actual format is detected automatically |
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1273 by @code{movemail}. |
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1274 |
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1275 @item pop |
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1276 A remote mailbox to be accessed via POP3 protocol. @var{User} |
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1277 specifies the remote user name to use, @var{pass} may be used to |
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1278 specify the user password, @var{host-or-file-name} is the name or IP |
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1279 address of the remote mail server to connect to; e.g., |
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1280 @code{pop://smith:guessme@@remote.server.net}. |
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1281 |
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1282 @item imap |
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1283 A remote mailbox to be accessed via IMAP4 protocol. @var{User} |
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1284 specifies the remote user name to use, @var{pass} may be used to |
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1285 specify the user password, @var{host-or-file-name} is the name or IP |
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1286 address of the remote mail server to connect to; |
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1287 e.g., @code{imap://smith:guessme@@remote.server.net}. |
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1288 @end table |
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1289 |
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1290 Alternatively, you can specify the file name of the mailbox to use. |
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1291 This is equivalent to specifying the @samp{file} protocol: |
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1292 |
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|
1293 @smallexample |
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1294 /var/spool/mail/@var{user} @equiv{} file://var/spool/mail/@var{user} |
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1295 @end smallexample |
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1296 |
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1297 @vindex rmail-movemail-program |
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1298 @vindex rmail-movemail-search-path |
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1299 The variable @code{rmail-movemail-program} controls which version of |
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1300 @code{movemail} to use. If that is a string, it specifies the |
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|
1301 absolute file name of the @code{movemail} executable. If it is |
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1302 @code{nil}, Rmail searches for @code{movemail} in the directories |
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1303 listed in @code{rmail-movemail-search-path} and @code{exec-path}, then |
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1304 in @code{exec-directory}. |
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1305 |
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1306 @node Remote Mailboxes |
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1307 @section Retrieving Mail from Remote Mailboxes |
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1308 @pindex movemail |
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1309 |
25829 | 1310 Some sites use a method called POP for accessing users' inbox data |
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1311 instead of storing the data in inbox files. The @code{Emacs |
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1312 movemail} can work with POP if you compile it with the macro |
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1313 @code{MAIL_USE_POP} defined. (You can achieve that by specifying |
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1314 @samp{--with-pop} when you run @code{configure} during the |
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1315 installation of Emacs.) |
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1316 |
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1317 The @code{Mailutils movemail} by default supports POP, unless configured |
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1318 with @samp{--disable-pop} option. |
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1319 |
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1320 Both versions of @code{movemail} only work with POP3, not with older |
25829 | 1321 versions of POP. |
1322 | |
29107 | 1323 @cindex @env{MAILHOST} environment variable |
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1324 @cindex POP mailboxes |
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1325 No matter which flavor of @code{movemail} you use, you can specify |
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1326 POP inbox by using POP @dfn{URL} (@pxref{Movemail}). A POP |
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1327 @acronym{URL} is a ``file name'' of the form |
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1328 @samp{pop://@var{username}@@@var{hostname}}, where |
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1329 @var{hostname} is the host name or IP address of the remote mail |
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1330 server and @var{username} is the user name on that server. |
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1331 Additionally, you may specify the password in the mailbox @acronym{URL}: |
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1332 @samp{pop://@var{username}:@var{password}@@@var{hostname}}. In this |
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1333 case, @var{password} takes preference over the one set by |
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1334 @code{rmail-remote-password}. This is especially useful if you have |
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1335 several remote mailboxes with different passwords. |
25829 | 1336 |
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1337 For backward compatibility Rmail also supports two alternative ways |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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1338 of specifying remote POP mailboxes. Specifying inbox name in the form |
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1339 @samp{po:@var{username}:@var{hostname}} is equivalent to |
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1340 @samp{pop://@var{username}@@@var{hostname}}. Alternatively, you may set |
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1341 a ``file name'' of @samp{po:@var{username}} in the inbox list of an |
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1342 Rmail file. @code{Movemail} will handle such a name by opening a |
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1343 connection to the POP server. The @env{MAILHOST} environment variable |
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1344 will in this case specify the machine to look for the server on. |
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1345 |
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1346 @cindex IMAP mailboxes |
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1347 Another method for accessing remote mailboxes is IMAP. This method is |
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1348 supported only by the @code{mailutils movemail}. To specify an IMAP |
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1349 mailbox in the inbox list, use the following mailbox @acronym{URL}: |
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1350 @samp{imap://@var{username}[:@var{password}]@@@var{hostname}}. The |
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1351 @var{password} part is optional, as described above. |
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1352 |
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1353 @vindex rmail-remote-password |
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1354 @vindex rmail-remote-password-required |
25829 | 1355 @vindex rmail-pop-password |
1356 @vindex rmail-pop-password-required | |
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1357 Accessing a remote mailbox may require a password. Rmail uses the |
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1358 following algorithm to retrieve it: |
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1359 |
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1360 @enumerate |
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1361 @item |
59564 | 1362 If the @var{password} is present in mailbox URL (see above), it is |
1363 used. | |
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1364 @item |
59564 | 1365 If the variable @code{rmail-remote-password} is non-@code{nil}, its |
1366 value is used. | |
1367 @item | |
1368 Otherwise, if @code{rmail-remote-password-required} is non-@code{nil}, | |
1369 then Rmail will ask you for the password to use. | |
1370 @item | |
1371 Otherwise, Rmail assumes no password is required. | |
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1372 @end enumerate |
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1373 |
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1374 For compatibility with previous versions, @code{rmail-pop-password} |
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1375 and @code{rmail-pop-password-required} may be used instead of |
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1376 @code{rmail-remote-password} and @code{rmail-remote-password-required}. |
25829 | 1377 |
1378 @vindex rmail-movemail-flags | |
1379 If you need to pass additional command-line flags to @code{movemail}, | |
1380 set the variable @code{rmail-movemail-flags} a list of the flags you | |
1381 wish to use. Do not use this variable to pass the @samp{-p} flag to | |
1382 preserve your inbox contents; use @code{rmail-preserve-inbox} instead. | |
1383 | |
1384 @cindex Kerberos POP authentication | |
1385 The @code{movemail} program installed at your site may support | |
1386 Kerberos authentication. If it is | |
1387 supported, it is used by default whenever you attempt to retrieve | |
1388 POP mail when @code{rmail-pop-password} and | |
1389 @code{rmail-pop-password-required} are unset. | |
1390 | |
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1391 @cindex reverse order in POP inboxes |
25829 | 1392 Some POP servers store messages in reverse order. If your server does |
1393 this, and you would rather read your mail in the order in which it was | |
1394 received, you can tell @code{movemail} to reverse the order of | |
1395 downloaded messages by adding the @samp{-r} flag to | |
1396 @code{rmail-movemail-flags}. | |
52401 | 1397 |
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1398 @cindex TLS encryption (Rmail) |
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1399 @code{Mailutils movemail} supports TLS encryption. If you wish to |
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1400 use it, add the @samp{--tls} flag to @code{rmail-movemail-flags}. |
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1401 |
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1402 @node Other Mailbox Formats |
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1403 @section Retrieving Mail from Local Mailboxes in Various Formats |
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1404 |
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1405 If your incoming mail is stored on a local machine in a format other |
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1406 than UNIX mailbox, you will need the @code{mailutils movemail} to retrieve |
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1407 it. @xref{Movemail}, for the detailed description of @code{movemail} |
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1408 versions. |
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1409 |
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1410 For example, to retrieve mail from a @code{maildir} inbox located in |
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1411 @file{/var/spool/mail/in}, you would set the following in Rmail inbox list: |
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1412 |
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1413 @smallexample |
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1414 maildir://var/spool/mail/in |
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1415 @end smallexample |
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1416 |
52401 | 1417 @ignore |
1418 arch-tag: 034965f6-38df-47a2-a9f1-b8bc8ab37e23 | |
1419 @end ignore |