Mercurial > emacs
annotate lisp/eshell/eshell.el @ 91204:53108e6cea98
Merge from emacs--devo--0
Revision: emacs@sv.gnu.org/emacs--unicode--0--patch-294
author | Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org> |
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date | Thu, 06 Dec 2007 09:51:45 +0000 |
parents | f55f9811f5d7 52787def92eb |
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1 ;;; eshell.el --- the Emacs command shell |
29876 | 2 |
74509 | 3 ;; Copyright (C) 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, |
75346 | 4 ;; 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
29876 | 5 |
6 ;; Author: John Wiegley <johnw@gnu.org> | |
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7 ;; Version: 2.4.2 |
29876 | 8 ;; Keywords: processes |
9 | |
10 ;; This file is part of GNU Emacs. | |
11 | |
12 ;; GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify | |
13 ;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by | |
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14 ;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) |
29876 | 15 ;; any later version. |
16 | |
17 ;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, | |
18 ;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of | |
19 ;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the | |
20 ;; GNU General Public License for more details. | |
21 | |
22 ;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License | |
23 ;; along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the | |
64085 | 24 ;; Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, |
25 ;; Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. | |
29876 | 26 |
27 ;;; Commentary: | |
28 | |
29 ;;;_* What does Eshell offer you? | |
30 ;; | |
31 ;; Despite the sheer fact that running an Emacs shell can be fun, here | |
32 ;; are a few of the unique features offered by Eshell: | |
33 ;; | |
34 ;; @ Integration with the Emacs Lisp programming environment | |
35 ;; | |
36 ;; @ A high degree of configurability | |
37 ;; | |
38 ;; @ The ability to have the same shell on every system Emacs has been | |
39 ;; ported to. Since Eshell imposes no external requirements, and | |
40 ;; relies upon only the Lisp functions exposed by Emacs, it is quite | |
41 ;; operating system independent. Several of the common UNIX | |
42 ;; commands, such as ls, mv, rm, ln, etc., have been implemented in | |
43 ;; Lisp in order to provide a more consistent work environment. | |
44 ;; | |
45 ;; For those who might be using an older version of Eshell, version | |
46 ;; 2.1 represents an entirely new, module-based architecture. It | |
47 ;; supports most of the features offered by modern shells. Here is a | |
48 ;; brief list of some of its more visible features: | |
49 ;; | |
50 ;; @ Command argument completion (tcsh, zsh) | |
51 ;; @ Input history management (bash) | |
52 ;; @ Intelligent output scrolling | |
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53 ;; @ Pseudo-devices (such as "/dev/clip" for copying to the clipboard) |
29876 | 54 ;; @ Extended globbing (zsh) |
55 ;; @ Argument and globbing predication (zsh) | |
56 ;; @ I/O redirection to buffers, files, symbols, processes, etc. | |
57 ;; @ Many niceties otherwise seen only in 4DOS | |
58 ;; @ Alias functions, both Lisp and Eshell-syntax | |
59 ;; @ Piping, sequenced commands, background jobs, etc... | |
60 ;; | |
61 ;;;_* How to begin | |
62 ;; | |
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63 ;; To start using Eshell, simply type `M-x eshell'. |
29876 | 64 ;; |
65 ;;;_* Philosophy | |
66 ;; | |
67 ;; A shell is a layer which metaphorically surrounds the kernel, or | |
68 ;; heart of an operating system. This kernel can be seen as an engine | |
69 ;; of pure functionality, waiting to serve, while the user programs | |
70 ;; take advantage of that functionality to accomplish their purpose. | |
71 ;; | |
72 ;; The shell's role is to make that functionality accessible to the | |
73 ;; user in an unformed state. Very roughly, it associates kernel | |
74 ;; functionality with textual commands, allowing the user to interact | |
75 ;; with the operating system via linguistic constructs. Process | |
76 ;; invocation is perhaps the most significant form this takes, using | |
77 ;; the kernel's `fork' and `exec' functions. | |
78 ;; | |
79 ;; Other programs also interact with the functionality of the kernel, | |
80 ;; but these user applications typically offer a specific range of | |
81 ;; functionality, and thus are not classed as "shells" proper. | |
82 ;; (What they lose in quiddity, they gain in rigidity). | |
83 ;; | |
84 ;; Emacs is also a user application, but it does make the | |
85 ;; functionality of the kernel accessible through an interpreted | |
86 ;; language -- namely, Lisp. For that reason, there is little | |
87 ;; preventing Emacs from serving the same role as a modern shell. It | |
88 ;; too can manipulate the kernel in an unpredetermined way to cause | |
89 ;; system changes. All it's missing is the shell-ish linguistic | |
90 ;; model. | |
91 ;; | |
92 ;; Enter Eshell. Eshell translates "shell-like" syntax into Lisp | |
93 ;; in order to exercise the kernel in the same manner as typical | |
94 ;; system shells. There is a fundamental difference here, however, | |
95 ;; although it may seem subtle at first... | |
96 ;; | |
97 ;; Shells like csh and Bourne shell were written several decades ago, | |
98 ;; in different times, under more restrictive circumstances. This | |
99 ;; confined perspective shows itself in the paradigm used by nearly | |
100 ;; all command-line shells since. They are linear in conception, byte | |
101 ;; stream-based, sequential, and confined to movement within a single | |
102 ;; host machine. | |
103 ;; | |
104 ;; Emacs, on the other hand, is more than just a limited translator | |
105 ;; that can invoke subprocesses and redirect file handles. It also | |
106 ;; manages character buffers, windowing frames, network connections, | |
107 ;; registers, bookmarks, processes, etc. In other words, it's a very | |
108 ;; multi-dimensional environment, within which eshell emulates a highly | |
109 ;; linear methodology. | |
110 ;; | |
111 ;; Taking a moment, let's look at how this could affect the future of | |
112 ;; a shell allowed to develop in such a wider field of play: | |
113 ;; | |
114 ;; @ There is no reason why directory movement should be linear, and | |
115 ;; confined to a single file-system. Emacs, through w3 and ange-ftp, | |
116 ;; has access to the entire Web. Why not allow a user to cd to | |
117 ;; multiple directories simultaneously, for example? It might make | |
118 ;; some tasks easier, such as diff'ing files separated by very long | |
119 ;; pathnames. | |
120 ;; | |
121 ;; @ Data sources are available from anywhere Emacs can derive | |
122 ;; information from: not just from files or the output of other | |
123 ;; processes. | |
124 ;; | |
125 ;; @ Multiple shell invocations all share the same environment -- even | |
126 ;; the same process list! It would be possible to have "process | |
127 ;; views", so that one buffer is watching standard output, another | |
128 ;; standard error, and another the result of standard output grep'd | |
129 ;; through a regular expression... | |
130 ;; | |
131 ;; @ It is not necessary to "leave" the shell, losing all input and | |
132 ;; output history, environment variables, directory stack, etc. | |
133 ;; Emacs could save the contents of your eshell environment, and | |
134 ;; restore all of it (or at least as much as possible) each time you | |
135 ;; restart. This could occur automatically, without requiring | |
136 ;; complex initialization scripts. | |
137 ;; | |
138 ;; @ Typos occur all of the time; many of them are repeats of common | |
139 ;; errors, such as 'dri' for `dir'. Since executing non-existent | |
140 ;; programs is rarely the intention of the user, eshell could prompt | |
141 ;; for the replacement string, and then record that in a database of | |
142 ;; known misspellings. (Note: The typo at the beginning of this | |
143 ;; paragraph wasn't discovered until two months after I wrote the | |
144 ;; text; it was not intentional). | |
145 ;; | |
146 ;; @ Emacs' register and bookmarking facilities can be used for | |
147 ;; remembering where you've been, and what you've seen -- to varying | |
148 ;; levels of persistence. They could perhaps even be tied to | |
149 ;; specific "moments" during eshell execution, which would include | |
150 ;; the environment at that time, as well as other variables. | |
151 ;; Although this would require functionality orthogonal to Emacs' | |
152 ;; own bookmarking facilities, the interface used could be made to | |
153 ;; operate very similarly. | |
154 ;; | |
155 ;; This presents a brief idea of what the fuller dimensionality of an | |
156 ;; Emacs shell could offer. It's not just the language of a shell | |
157 ;; that determines how it's used, but also the Weltanschauung | |
158 ;; underlying its design -- and which is felt behind even the smallest | |
159 ;; feature. I would hope the freedom provided by using Emacs as a | |
160 ;; parent environment will invite rich ideas from others. It | |
161 ;; certainly feels as though all I've done so far is to tie down the | |
162 ;; horse, so to speak, so that he will run at a man's pace. | |
163 ;; | |
164 ;;;_* Influences | |
165 ;; | |
166 ;; The author of Eshell has been a long-time user of the following | |
167 ;; shells, all of which contributed to Eshell's design: | |
168 ;; | |
169 ;; @ rc | |
170 ;; @ bash | |
171 ;; @ zsh | |
172 ;; @ sh | |
173 ;; @ 4nt | |
174 ;; @ csh | |
175 | |
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176 ;;;_* Speeding up load time |
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177 ;; |
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178 ;; If you find that Eshell loads too slowly, there is something you |
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179 ;; can do to speed it up. |
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180 ;; |
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181 ;; Create a file, named /tmp/elc, containing this filelist: |
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182 ;; |
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183 ;; esh-util.elc |
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184 ;; eshell.elc |
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185 ;; esh-module.elc |
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186 ;; esh-var.elc |
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187 ;; esh-proc.elc |
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188 ;; esh-arg.elc |
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189 ;; esh-io.elc |
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190 ;; esh-ext.elc |
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191 ;; esh-cmd.elc |
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192 ;; esh-mode.elc |
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193 ;; esh-opt.elc |
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194 ;; em-alias.elc |
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195 ;; em-banner.elc |
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196 ;; em-basic.elc |
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197 ;; em-cmpl.elc |
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198 ;; em-dirs.elc |
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199 ;; em-pred.elc |
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200 ;; em-glob.elc |
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201 ;; em-hist.elc |
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202 ;; em-ls.elc |
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203 ;; em-prompt.elc |
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204 ;; em-rebind.elc |
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205 ;; em-script.elc |
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206 ;; em-smart.elc |
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207 ;; em-term.elc |
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208 ;; em-unix.elc |
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209 ;; em-xtra.elc |
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210 ;; |
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211 ;; The order is very important. Remove from the filelist any features |
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212 ;; you don't use. These all begin with "em-". If you don't use |
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213 ;; Eshell's key rebinding module, you can remove "em-rebind.elc" from |
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214 ;; the filelist. The modules you are currently using are listed in |
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215 ;; `eshell-modules-list'. |
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216 ;; |
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217 ;; Now, concatenating all of the above mentioned .elc files, in that |
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218 ;; order, to another file. Here is how to do this on UNIX: |
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219 ;; |
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220 ;; cat `cat /tmp/elc` > tmp.elc ; mv tmp.elc eshell.elc |
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221 ;; |
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222 ;; Now your eshell.elc file contains all of the .elc files that make |
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223 ;; up Eshell, in the right load order. When you next load Eshell, it |
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224 ;; will only have to read in this one file, which will greatly speed |
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225 ;; things up. |
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226 |
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227 (eval-when-compile |
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228 (require 'cl) |
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229 (require 'esh-util)) |
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230 (require 'esh-util) |
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231 (require 'esh-mode) |
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232 |
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233 (defgroup eshell nil |
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234 "Eshell is a command shell implemented entirely in Emacs Lisp. It |
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235 invokes no external processes beyond those requested by the user. It |
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236 is intended to be a functional replacement for command shells such as |
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237 bash, zsh, rc, 4dos; since Emacs itself is capable of handling most of |
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238 the tasks accomplished by such tools." |
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239 :tag "The Emacs shell" |
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240 :link '(info-link "(eshell)Top") |
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241 :version "21.1" |
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242 :group 'applications) |
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243 |
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244 |
29876 | 245 ;;;_* User Options |
246 ;; | |
247 ;; The following user options modify the behavior of Eshell overall. | |
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248 (defvar eshell-buffer-name) |
29876 | 249 |
250 (defsubst eshell-add-to-window-buffer-names () | |
251 "Add `eshell-buffer-name' to `same-window-buffer-names'." | |
252 (add-to-list 'same-window-buffer-names eshell-buffer-name)) | |
253 | |
254 (defsubst eshell-remove-from-window-buffer-names () | |
255 "Remove `eshell-buffer-name' from `same-window-buffer-names'." | |
256 (setq same-window-buffer-names | |
257 (delete eshell-buffer-name same-window-buffer-names))) | |
258 | |
259 (defcustom eshell-load-hook nil | |
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260 "A hook run once Eshell has been loaded." |
29876 | 261 :type 'hook |
262 :group 'eshell) | |
263 | |
264 (defcustom eshell-unload-hook | |
265 '(eshell-remove-from-window-buffer-names | |
266 eshell-unload-all-modules) | |
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267 "A hook run when Eshell is unloaded from memory." |
29876 | 268 :type 'hook |
269 :group 'eshell) | |
270 | |
271 (defcustom eshell-buffer-name "*eshell*" | |
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272 "The basename used for Eshell buffers." |
29876 | 273 :set (lambda (symbol value) |
274 ;; remove the old value of `eshell-buffer-name', if present | |
275 (if (boundp 'eshell-buffer-name) | |
276 (eshell-remove-from-window-buffer-names)) | |
277 (set symbol value) | |
278 ;; add the new value | |
279 (eshell-add-to-window-buffer-names) | |
280 value) | |
281 :type 'string | |
282 :group 'eshell) | |
283 | |
284 (eshell-deftest mode same-window-buffer-names | |
285 "`eshell-buffer-name' is a member of `same-window-buffer-names'" | |
286 (member eshell-buffer-name same-window-buffer-names)) | |
287 | |
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288 (defcustom eshell-directory-name (convert-standard-filename "~/.eshell/") |
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289 "The directory where Eshell control files should be kept." |
29876 | 290 :type 'directory |
291 :group 'eshell) | |
292 | |
293 (eshell-deftest mode eshell-directory-exists | |
294 "`eshell-directory-name' exists and is writable" | |
295 (file-writable-p eshell-directory-name)) | |
296 | |
297 (eshell-deftest mode eshell-directory-modes | |
298 "`eshell-directory-name' has correct access protections" | |
299 (or (eshell-under-windows-p) | |
300 (= (file-modes eshell-directory-name) | |
301 eshell-private-directory-modes))) | |
302 | |
303 ;;;_* Running Eshell | |
304 ;; | |
305 ;; There are only three commands used to invoke Eshell. The first two | |
306 ;; are intended for interactive use, while the third is meant for | |
307 ;; programmers. They are: | |
308 | |
309 ;;;###autoload | |
310 (defun eshell (&optional arg) | |
311 "Create an interactive Eshell buffer. | |
312 The buffer used for Eshell sessions is determined by the value of | |
313 `eshell-buffer-name'. If there is already an Eshell session active in | |
314 that buffer, Emacs will simply switch to it. Otherwise, a new session | |
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315 will begin. A numeric prefix arg (as in `C-u 42 M-x eshell RET') |
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316 switches to the session with that number, creating it if necessary. A |
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317 nonnumeric prefix arg means to create a new session. Returns the |
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318 buffer selected (or created)." |
29876 | 319 (interactive "P") |
320 (assert eshell-buffer-name) | |
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321 (let ((buf (cond ((numberp arg) |
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322 (get-buffer-create (format "%s<%d>" |
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323 eshell-buffer-name |
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324 arg))) |
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325 (arg |
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326 (generate-new-buffer eshell-buffer-name)) |
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327 (t |
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328 (get-buffer-create eshell-buffer-name))))) |
29876 | 329 ;; Simply calling `pop-to-buffer' will not mimic the way that |
330 ;; shell-mode buffers appear, since they always reuse the same | |
331 ;; window that that command was invoked from. To achieve this, | |
332 ;; it's necessary to add `eshell-buffer-name' to the variable | |
333 ;; `same-window-buffer-names', which is done when Eshell is loaded | |
334 (assert (and buf (buffer-live-p buf))) | |
335 (pop-to-buffer buf) | |
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336 (unless (eq major-mode 'eshell-mode) |
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337 (eshell-mode)) |
29876 | 338 buf)) |
339 | |
340 (defun eshell-return-exits-minibuffer () | |
341 (define-key eshell-mode-map [(control ?g)] 'abort-recursive-edit) | |
342 (define-key eshell-mode-map [return] 'exit-minibuffer) | |
343 (define-key eshell-mode-map [(control ?m)] 'exit-minibuffer) | |
344 (define-key eshell-mode-map [(control ?j)] 'exit-minibuffer) | |
345 (define-key eshell-mode-map [(meta return)] 'exit-minibuffer) | |
346 (define-key eshell-mode-map [(meta control ?m)] 'exit-minibuffer)) | |
347 | |
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348 (defvar eshell-non-interactive-p nil |
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349 "A variable which is non-nil when Eshell is not running interactively. |
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350 Modules should use this variable so that they don't clutter |
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351 non-interactive sessions, such as when using `eshell-command'.") |
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352 |
29876 | 353 ;;;###autoload |
354 (defun eshell-command (&optional command arg) | |
355 "Execute the Eshell command string COMMAND. | |
356 With prefix ARG, insert output into the current buffer at point." | |
357 (interactive) | |
358 (require 'esh-cmd) | |
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359 (unless arg |
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360 (setq arg current-prefix-arg)) |
29876 | 361 (unwind-protect |
362 (let ((eshell-non-interactive-p t)) | |
363 (add-hook 'minibuffer-setup-hook 'eshell-mode) | |
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364 (add-hook 'minibuffer-exit-hook 'eshell-add-command-to-history) |
29876 | 365 (add-hook 'eshell-mode-hook 'eshell-return-exits-minibuffer) |
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366 (unless command |
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367 (setq command (read-from-minibuffer "Emacs shell command: ")))) |
29876 | 368 (remove-hook 'eshell-mode-hook 'eshell-return-exits-minibuffer) |
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369 (remove-hook 'minibuffer-exit-hook 'eshell-add-command-to-history) |
29876 | 370 (remove-hook 'minibuffer-setup-hook 'eshell-mode)) |
371 (unless command | |
372 (error "No command specified!")) | |
373 ;; redirection into the current buffer is achieved by adding an | |
374 ;; output redirection to the end of the command, of the form | |
375 ;; 'COMMAND >>> #<buffer BUFFER>'. This will not interfere with | |
376 ;; other redirections, since multiple redirections merely cause the | |
377 ;; output to be copied to multiple target locations | |
378 (if arg | |
379 (setq command | |
380 (concat command | |
381 (format " >>> #<buffer %s>" | |
382 (buffer-name (current-buffer)))))) | |
383 (save-excursion | |
384 (let ((buf (set-buffer (generate-new-buffer " *eshell cmd*"))) | |
385 (eshell-non-interactive-p t)) | |
386 (eshell-mode) | |
387 (let* ((proc (eshell-eval-command | |
388 (list 'eshell-commands | |
389 (eshell-parse-command command)))) | |
390 intr | |
391 (bufname (if (and proc (listp proc)) | |
392 "*EShell Async Command Output*" | |
393 (setq intr t) | |
394 "*EShell Command Output*"))) | |
395 (if (buffer-live-p (get-buffer bufname)) | |
396 (kill-buffer bufname)) | |
397 (rename-buffer bufname) | |
398 ;; things get a little coarse here, since the desire is to | |
399 ;; make the output as attractive as possible, with no | |
400 ;; extraneous newlines | |
401 (when intr | |
402 (if (eshell-interactive-process) | |
403 (eshell-wait-for-process (eshell-interactive-process))) | |
404 (assert (not (eshell-interactive-process))) | |
405 (goto-char (point-max)) | |
406 (while (and (bolp) (not (bobp))) | |
407 (delete-backward-char 1))) | |
408 (assert (and buf (buffer-live-p buf))) | |
409 (unless arg | |
410 (let ((len (if (not intr) 2 | |
411 (count-lines (point-min) (point-max))))) | |
412 (cond | |
413 ((= len 0) | |
414 (message "(There was no command output)") | |
415 (kill-buffer buf)) | |
416 ((= len 1) | |
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417 (message "%s" (buffer-string)) |
29876 | 418 (kill-buffer buf)) |
419 (t | |
420 (save-selected-window | |
421 (select-window (display-buffer buf)) | |
422 (goto-char (point-min)) | |
423 ;; cause the output buffer to take up as little screen | |
424 ;; real-estate as possible, if temp buffer resizing is | |
425 ;; enabled | |
426 (and intr temp-buffer-resize-mode | |
427 (resize-temp-buffer-window))))))))))) | |
428 | |
429 ;;;###autoload | |
430 (defun eshell-command-result (command &optional status-var) | |
431 "Execute the given Eshell COMMAND, and return the result. | |
432 The result might be any Lisp object. | |
433 If STATUS-VAR is a symbol, it will be set to the exit status of the | |
434 command. This is the only way to determine whether the value returned | |
435 corresponding to a successful execution." | |
436 ;; a null command produces a null, successful result | |
437 (if (not command) | |
438 (ignore | |
439 (if (and status-var (symbolp status-var)) | |
440 (set status-var 0))) | |
441 (with-temp-buffer | |
442 (let ((eshell-non-interactive-p t)) | |
443 (eshell-mode) | |
444 (let ((result (eshell-do-eval | |
445 (list 'eshell-commands | |
446 (list 'eshell-command-to-value | |
447 (eshell-parse-command command))) t))) | |
448 (assert (eq (car result) 'quote)) | |
449 (if (and status-var (symbolp status-var)) | |
450 (set status-var eshell-last-command-status)) | |
451 (cadr result)))))) | |
452 | |
453 (eshell-deftest mode simple-command-result | |
454 "`eshell-command-result' works with a simple command." | |
455 (= (eshell-command-result "+ 1 2") 3)) | |
456 | |
457 ;;;_* Reporting bugs | |
458 ;; | |
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459 ;; If you do encounter a bug, on any system, please report |
29876 | 460 ;; it -- in addition to any particular oddities in your configuration |
461 ;; -- so that the problem may be corrected for the benefit of others. | |
462 | |
463 ;;;###autoload | |
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464 (define-obsolete-function-alias 'eshell-report-bug 'report-emacs-bug "23.1") |
29876 | 465 |
466 ;;; Code: | |
467 | |
468 (defun eshell-unload-all-modules () | |
469 "Unload all modules that were loaded by Eshell, if possible. | |
470 If the user has require'd in any of the modules, or customized a | |
471 variable with a :require tag (such as `eshell-prefer-to-shell'), it | |
472 will be impossible to unload Eshell completely without restarting | |
473 Emacs." | |
474 ;; if the user set `eshell-prefer-to-shell' to t, but never loaded | |
475 ;; Eshell, then `eshell-subgroups' will be unbound | |
476 (when (fboundp 'eshell-subgroups) | |
477 (eshell-for module (eshell-subgroups 'eshell) | |
478 ;; this really only unloads as many modules as possible, | |
479 ;; since other `require' references (such as by customizing | |
480 ;; `eshell-prefer-to-shell' to a non-nil value) might make it | |
481 ;; impossible to unload Eshell completely | |
482 (if (featurep module) | |
483 (ignore-errors | |
484 (message "Unloading %s..." (symbol-name module)) | |
485 (unload-feature module) | |
486 (message "Unloading %s...done" (symbol-name module))))) | |
487 (message "Unloading eshell...done"))) | |
488 | |
489 (run-hooks 'eshell-load-hook) | |
490 | |
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491 (provide 'eshell) |
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492 |
52401 | 493 ;;; arch-tag: 9d4d5214-0e4e-4e02-b349-39add640d63f |
29876 | 494 ;;; eshell.el ends here |