Mercurial > emacs
annotate doc/misc/edt.texi @ 112415:555faf6e40d0
mm-decode.el (mm-preferred-alternative-precedence): Don't bug out on nested related parts.
nnfolder.el (nnfolder-request-expire-articles): Return the list of unexpired articles. This fixes the regression that led expiry marks to disappear from nnfolder groups.
author | Katsumi Yamaoka <yamaoka@jpl.org> |
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date | Sat, 22 Jan 2011 12:34:50 +0000 |
parents | 376148b31b5e |
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rev | line source |
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1 \input texinfo |
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2 @setfilename ../../info/edt |
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3 @settitle EDT Emulation for Emacs |
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4 |
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5 @copying |
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6 This file documents the EDT emulation package for Emacs. |
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7 |
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8 Copyright @copyright{} 1986, 1992, 1994, 1995, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, |
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9 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 |
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10 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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11 |
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12 @quotation |
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13 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document |
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14 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or |
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15 any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no |
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16 Invariant Sections, with the Front-Cover texts being ``A GNU Manual,'' |
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17 and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below. A copy of the license |
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18 is included in the section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation License''. |
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19 |
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20 (a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: ``You have the freedom to copy and |
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21 modify this GNU manual. Buying copies from the FSF supports it in |
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22 developing GNU and promoting software freedom.'' |
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23 @end quotation |
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24 @end copying |
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25 |
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26 @dircategory Emacs |
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27 @direntry |
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28 * EDT: (edt). An Emacs emulation of the EDT editor. |
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29 @end direntry |
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30 |
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31 @titlepage |
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32 @title EDT Emulation User's Manual |
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33 @author Kevin Gallagher |
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34 @author @email{Kevin.Gallagher@@boeing.com} |
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35 @page |
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36 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll |
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37 @insertcopying |
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38 @end titlepage |
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39 |
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40 @contents |
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41 |
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42 @ifnottex |
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43 @node Top |
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44 @top Emacs EDT emulation |
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45 This manual describes the Emacs EDT package, which provides emulation |
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46 of DEC's EDT editor. |
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47 |
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48 @insertcopying |
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49 @end ifnottex |
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50 |
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51 @menu |
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52 * Overview:: Overview of the EDT package. |
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53 * Supported terminals:: Terminals/keyboards that are supported. |
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54 * Starting emulation:: How to get started. |
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55 * Platform-specific notes:: Notes specific to certain platforms. |
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56 * Differences:: How does this EDT emulation differ from real EDT? |
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57 * Highlights:: Some highlights, and comparisons to the |
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58 original Emacs EDT emulation. |
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59 * Customizing:: Customizing emulation. |
106595 | 60 * GNU Free Documentation License:: The license for this manual. |
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61 @end menu |
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62 |
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63 @node Overview |
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64 @chapter Overview of the EDT Package |
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65 |
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66 This manual describes version 4.0 of the EDT Emulation for Emacs. |
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67 It comes with special functions which replicate nearly all of |
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68 EDT's keypad mode behavior. It sets up default keypad and function key |
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69 bindings which closely match those found in EDT. Support is provided so |
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70 that users may reconfigure most keypad and function key bindings to |
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71 their own liking. |
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72 |
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73 Version 4.0 contains several enhancements (@pxref{Changes}). |
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74 |
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75 @menu |
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76 * Quick start:: How to begin using EDT. |
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77 * Changes:: What's new in version 4.0. |
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78 * Goals:: The aims of this package. |
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79 @end menu |
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80 |
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81 @node Quick start |
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82 @section How to Begin Using EDT |
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83 |
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84 To start the EDT Emulation, first start Emacs and then enter @kbd{M-x |
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85 edt-emulation-on} to begin the emulation. After initialization is |
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86 complete, the following message will appear below the status line |
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87 informing you that the emulation has been enabled: ``Default EDT keymap |
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88 active''. |
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89 |
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90 You can have the EDT Emulation start up automatically, each time you |
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91 initiate a GNU Emacs session, by adding the following line to your |
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92 @file{.emacs} file: |
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93 |
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94 @example |
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95 (add-hook term-setup-hook 'edt-emulation-on) |
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96 @end example |
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97 |
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98 @noindent @strong{Important:} Be sure to read the rest of this manual. |
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99 It contains very useful information on how the EDT Emulation behaves and |
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100 how to customize it to your liking. |
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101 |
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102 @noindent The EDT emulation consists of the following files: |
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103 |
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104 @itemize |
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105 |
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106 @item |
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107 @file{edt.texi} - This manual. |
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108 |
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109 @item |
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110 @file{edt-user.el} - An example customization file. |
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111 |
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112 @item |
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113 @file{edt.el} - EDT emulation functions and default configuration. |
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114 |
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115 @item |
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116 @file{edt-lk201.el} - Built-in support for DEC LK-201 keyboards. |
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117 |
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118 @item |
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119 @file{edt-vt100.el} - Built-in support for DEC VT-100 (and above) terminals. |
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120 |
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121 @item |
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122 @file{edt-pc.el} - Built-in support for PC 101 Keyboards under MS-DOS. |
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123 |
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124 @item |
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125 @file{edt-mapper.el} - Create an EDT LK-201 map file for keyboards |
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126 without built-in support. |
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127 |
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128 @end itemize |
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129 |
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130 @node Changes |
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131 @section What's New in Version 4.0 |
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132 |
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133 Version 4.0 contains the following enhancements: |
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134 |
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135 @enumerate |
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136 |
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137 @item |
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138 Scroll margins at the top and bottom of the window are now supported. |
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139 (The design was copied from @file{tpu-extras.el}.) By default, this |
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140 feature is enabled with the top margin set to 10% of the window and the |
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141 bottom margin set to 15% of the window. To change these settings, you |
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142 can invoke the function @code{edt-set-scroll-margins} in your |
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143 @file{.emacs} file. For example, the following line |
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144 |
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145 @example |
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146 (edt-set-scroll-margins "20%" "25%") |
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147 @end example |
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148 |
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149 @noindent sets the top margin to 20% of the window and the bottom margin |
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150 to 25% of the window. To disable this feature, set each margin to 0%. |
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151 You can also invoke @code{edt-set-scroll-margins} interactively while |
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152 EDT Emulation is active to change the settings for that session. |
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153 |
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154 @strong{Please note:} Another way to set the scroll margins is to use |
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155 the Emacs customization feature to set the following two variables |
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156 directly: @code{edt-top-scroll-margin} and @code{edt-bottom-scroll-margin}. |
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157 |
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158 Enter the Emacs @code{customize} command. First select the |
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159 @samp{Editing} group and then select the @samp{Emulations} group. |
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160 Finally, select the @samp{Edt} group and follow the directions. |
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161 |
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162 @item |
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163 The @samp{SUBS} command is now supported and bound to @kbd{GOLD-Enter} |
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164 by default. (This design was copied from @file{tpu-edt.el}.) Note, in |
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165 earlier versions of EDT Emulation, @kbd{GOLD-Enter} was assigned to the |
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166 Emacs function @code{query-replace}. The binding of |
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167 @code{query-replace} has been moved to @kbd{GOLD-/}. If you prefer to |
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168 restore @code{query-replace} to @kbd{GOLD-Enter}, then use an EDT user |
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169 customization file, @file{edt-user.el}, to do this |
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170 (@pxref{Customizing}). |
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171 |
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172 @item |
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173 EDT Emulation now also works in XEmacs, including the highlighting of |
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174 selected text. |
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175 |
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176 @item |
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177 If you access a workstation using an X Server, observe that the |
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178 initialization file generated by @file{edt-mapper.el} will now contain |
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179 the name of the X Server vendor. This is a convenience for those who |
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180 have access to their Unix account from more than one type of X Server. |
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181 Since different X Servers typically require different EDT emulation |
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182 initialization files, @file{edt-mapper.el} will now generate these |
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183 different initialization files and save them with different names. |
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184 Then, the correct initialization file for the particular X server in use |
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185 is loaded correctly automatically. |
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186 |
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187 @item |
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188 Also, @file{edt-mapper.el} is now capable of binding an @acronym{ASCII} |
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189 key sequence, providing the @acronym{ASCII} key sequence prefix is |
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190 already known by Emacs to be a prefix. As a result of providing this |
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191 support, some terminal/keyboard/window system configurations, which |
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192 don't have a complete set of sensible function key bindings built into |
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193 Emacs in @code{function-key-map}, can still be configured for use with |
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194 EDT Emulation. (Note: In a few rare circumstances this does not work |
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195 properly. In particular, it does not work if a subset of the leading |
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196 @acronym{ASCII} characters in a key sequence are recognized by Emacs as |
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197 having an existing binding. For example, if the keypad 7 (@key{KP7}) |
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198 key generates the sequence @samp{<ESC>Ow} and @samp{<ESC>O} is already |
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199 bound to a function, pressing @key{KP7} when told to do so by |
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200 @file{edt-mapper.el} will result in @file{edt-mapper.el} incorrectly |
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201 mapping @samp{<ESC>O} to @key{KP7} and @samp{w} to @key{KP8}. If |
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202 something like this happens to you, it is probably a bug in the support |
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203 for your keyboard within Emacs @strong{or} a bug in the Unix |
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204 termcap/terminfo support for your terminal @strong{or} a bug in the |
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205 terminal emulation software you are using.) |
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206 |
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207 @item |
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208 The @code{edt-quit} function (bound to @kbd{GOLD-q} by default) has been |
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209 modified to warn the user when file-related buffer modifications exist. |
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210 It now cautions the user that those modifications will be lost if the |
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211 user quits without saving those buffers. |
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212 |
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213 @end enumerate |
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214 |
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215 @node Goals |
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216 @section The Aims of this Package |
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217 |
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218 @enumerate |
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219 |
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220 @item |
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221 Emulate EDT Keypad Mode commands closely so that current EDT users will |
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222 find that it easy and comfortable to use GNU Emacs with a small learning |
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223 curve. |
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224 |
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225 @item |
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226 Make it easy for a user to customize EDT emulation key bindings without |
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227 knowing much about Emacs Lisp. |
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228 |
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229 @item |
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230 Make it easy to switch between the original EDT default bindings and the |
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231 user's customized EDT bindings, without having to exit Emacs. |
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232 |
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233 @item |
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234 Provide support for some TPU/EVE functions not supported in EDT. |
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235 |
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236 @item |
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237 Provide an easy way to restore @strong{all} original Emacs key bindings, |
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238 just as they existed before the EDT emulation was first invoked. |
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239 |
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240 @item |
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241 Support GNU Emacs 19 and higher. XEmacs 19, and above, is also supported. |
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242 |
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243 @item |
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244 Supports highlighting of marked text within the EDT emulation on all |
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245 platforms on which Emacs supports highlighting of marked text. |
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246 |
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247 @item |
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248 Handle terminal configuration interactively for most terminal |
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249 configurations, when the emulation is invoked for the first time. |
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250 |
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251 @item |
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252 Support a PC AT keyboard under MS-DOS. |
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253 |
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254 @end enumerate |
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255 |
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256 @node Supported terminals |
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257 @chapter Terminals/Keyboards that are Supported |
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258 |
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259 Keyboards used under a Window System are supported via the |
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260 @code{edt-mapper} function. The first time you invoke the emulation |
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261 under a window system, the @code{edt-mapper} function is run |
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262 automatically and the user is prompted to identify which keys the |
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263 emulation is to use for the standard keypad and function keys EDT |
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264 expects (e.g., @key{PF1}, @key{PF2}, @key{KP0}, @key{KP1}, @key{F1}, |
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265 @key{F2}, etc.). This configuration is saved to disk read each time the |
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266 emulation is invoked. |
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267 |
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268 In character oriented connections not running a window manager, built-in |
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269 support for the following terminals/keyboards is provided: |
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270 |
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271 @enumerate |
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272 |
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273 @item |
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274 DEC VT-100 series and higher. This includes well behaved VT clones and |
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275 emulators. If you are using a VT series terminal, be sure that the |
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276 @env{TERM} environment variable is set properly before invoking emacs. |
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277 |
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278 @item |
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279 PC AT keyboard under MS-DOS. |
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280 |
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281 @end enumerate |
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282 |
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283 Be sure to read @ref{Platform-specific notes} to see if those notes |
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284 apply to you. |
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285 |
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286 @node Starting emulation |
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287 @chapter How to Get Started |
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288 |
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289 Start up GNU Emacs and enter @kbd{M-x edt-emulation-on} to begin the |
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290 emulation. After initialization is complete, the following message will |
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291 appear below the status line informing you that the emulation has been |
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292 enabled: ``Default EDT keymap active''. |
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293 |
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294 You can have the EDT Emulation start up automatically, each time you |
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295 initiate a GNU Emacs session, by adding the following line to your |
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296 @file{.emacs} file: |
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297 |
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298 @example |
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299 (add-hook term-setup-hook 'edt-emulation-on) |
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300 @end example |
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301 |
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302 A reference sheet is included (later on) listing the default EDT |
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303 Emulation key bindings. This sheet is also accessible on line from |
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304 within Emacs by pressing @key{PF2}, @kbd{GOLD-H}, or @samp{HELP} (when |
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305 in the EDT Default Mode). |
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306 |
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307 It is easy to customize key bindings in the EDT Emulation |
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308 (@pxref{Customizing}). Customizations are placed in a file called |
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309 @file{edt-user.el}. The Emacs @file{etc/} directory contains an |
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310 example. If @file{edt-user.el} is found in your GNU Emacs load path |
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311 during EDT Emulation initialization, then the following message will |
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312 appear below the status line indicating that the emulation has been |
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313 enabled, enhanced by your own customizations: ``User EDT custom keymap |
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314 active''. |
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315 |
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316 Once enabled, it is easy to switch back and forth between your |
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317 customized EDT Emulation key bindings and the default EDT Emulation key |
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318 bindings. (Look at the binding to @kbd{GOLD-Z} in the sample |
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319 @file{edt-user.el} file.) It is also easy to turn off the emulation |
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320 (via the command @code{edt-emulation-off}). Doing so completely |
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321 restores the original key bindings in effect just prior to invoking the |
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322 emulation. |
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323 |
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324 Emacs binds keys to @acronym{ASCII} control characters and so does the |
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325 real EDT. Where EDT key bindings and GNU Emacs key bindings conflict, |
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326 the default GNU Emacs key bindings are retained by the EDT emulation by |
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327 default. If you are a diehard EDT user you may not like this. The |
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328 @ref{Control keys} section explains how to change this so that the EDT |
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329 bindings to @acronym{ASCII} control characters override the default |
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330 Emacs bindings. |
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331 |
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332 @node Platform-specific notes |
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333 @chapter Notes Specific to Certain Platforms |
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334 |
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335 @menu |
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336 * Sun workstations:: Sun workstations running X. |
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337 * MS-DOS:: PC users running MS-DOS. |
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338 * GNU/Linux:: PC users running GNU/Linux. |
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339 * Unix:: Using @key{NumLock} for the @key{PF1} key on Unix systems. |
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340 @end menu |
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341 |
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342 @node Sun workstations |
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343 @section Sun Workstations Running X |
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344 |
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345 Some earlier Sun keyboards do not have arrow keys separate from the |
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346 keypad keys. It is difficult to emulate the full EDT keypad and still |
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347 retain use of the arrow keys on such keyboards. |
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348 |
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349 The Sun Type 5 and other more recent Sun keyboards, however, do have |
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350 separate arrow keys. This makes them candidates for setting up a |
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351 reasonable EDT keypad emulation. |
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352 |
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353 Depending upon the configuration of the version of X installed on your |
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354 system, you may find the default X keynames for the keypad keys don't |
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355 permit Emacs to interpret some or all the keypad keys as something other |
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356 than arrow keys, numeric keys, @key{Home}, @key{PageUp}, etc. Both Sun |
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357 and HP have been particularly guilty of making bizarre keysym |
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358 assignments to the keypad keys. |
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359 |
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360 In most cases, the X Windows command, @code{xmodmap}, can be used to |
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361 correct the problem. Here's a sample @file{.xmodmaprc} file which |
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362 corrects this problem on one Sun workstation configuration using an |
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363 older SunOS release configured with a Sun Type 5 keyboard: |
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364 |
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365 @example |
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366 ! File: .xmodmaprc |
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367 ! |
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368 ! Set up Sun Type 5 keypad for use with the GNU Emacs EDT Emulation |
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369 ! |
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370 keycode 53 = KP_Divide |
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371 keycode 54 = KP_Multiply |
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372 keycode 57 = KP_Decimal |
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373 keycode 75 = KP_7 |
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374 keycode 76 = KP_8 |
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375 keycode 77 = KP_9 |
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376 keycode 78 = KP_Subtract |
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377 keycode 97 = KP_Enter |
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378 keycode 98 = KP_4 |
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379 keycode 99 = KP_5 |
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380 keycode 100 = KP_6 |
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381 keycode 101 = KP_0 |
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382 keycode 105 = F24 |
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383 keycode 119 = KP_1 |
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384 keycode 120 = KP_2 |
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385 keycode 121 = KP_3 |
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386 keycode 132 = KP_Add |
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387 @end example |
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388 |
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389 If @file{edt-mapper.el} does not recognize your keypad keys as unique |
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390 keys, use the command @samp{xmodmap -pke} to get a listing of the actual |
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391 key codes and the keysyms mapped to them and then generate you own |
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392 custom @file{.xmodmaprc} similar to the one above. |
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393 |
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394 Next, feed @file{.xmodmaprc} to the @code{xmodmap} command and all the |
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395 Sun Type 5 keypad keys will now be configurable for the emulation of an |
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396 LK-201 keypad (less the @key{,} key). In this example, the line |
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397 |
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398 @example |
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399 keycode 105 = F24 |
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400 @end example |
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401 |
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402 @noindent changes the X Windows name of the keypad @key{NumLock} key to |
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403 be known internally as the @key{F24} key. Doing so permits it to be |
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404 configured to behave as the @key{PF1} (@key{GOLD}) key. |
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405 |
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406 The side effect of this change is that you will no longer have a |
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407 @key{NumLock} key. If you are using other software under X which |
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408 requires a @key{NumLock} key, then examine your keyboard and look for |
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409 one you don't use and redefine it to be the @key{NumLock} key. |
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410 Basically, you need to clear the @key{NumLock} key from being assigned |
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411 as a modifier, assign it to the key of your choice, and then add it back |
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412 as a modifier. (@ref{Unix} for further help on how to do this.) |
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413 |
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414 @node MS-DOS |
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415 @section PC Users Running MS-DOS |
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416 |
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417 By default, F1 is configured to emulate the @key{PF1} (@key{GOLD}) key. |
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418 But @key{NumLock} can be used instead if you load a freeware TSR |
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419 distributed with MS-Kermit, call @samp{gold.com}. This was once |
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420 distributed in a file called @file{gold22.zip} and came with the source |
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421 code as well as a loadable binary image. (See @file{edt-pc.el} in the |
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422 Emacs @file{lisp/emulation} directory for more information.) |
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423 |
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424 @node GNU/Linux |
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425 @section PC Users Running GNU/Linux |
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426 |
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427 The default X server configuration varies from distribution to |
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428 distribution and release to release of GNU/Linux. If your system fails |
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429 to recognize the keypad keys as distinct keys, change the NumLock state, |
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430 turning it on or off, as the case may be, then try again. If this |
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431 doesn't solve your problem, you may have to modify the X keysym mappings |
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432 with @code{xmodmap}. |
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433 |
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434 On one distribution on an Intel PC, the following @file{.xmodmaprc} set |
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435 things up nicely. |
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436 |
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437 @example |
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438 ! File: .xmodmaprc |
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439 ! |
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440 ! Set up PC keypad under GNU/Linux for the GNU Emacs EDT Emulation |
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441 ! |
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442 clear mod2 |
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443 keycode 77 = F12 |
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444 keycode 96 = Num_Lock Pointer_EnableKeys |
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445 add mod2 = Num_Lock |
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446 @end example |
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447 |
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448 In this example, after feeding the file to the @code{xmodmap} command, |
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449 the PC @key{NumLock} keypad key will be configurable for the emulation |
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450 of the @key{PF1} key. The PC keypad can now emulate an LK-201 keypad |
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451 (less the comma key), the standard keyboard supplied with DEC terminals |
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452 VT-200 and above. This @file{.xmodmaprc} file switches the role of the |
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453 @key{F12} and @key{NumLock} keys. It has been tested on RedHat |
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454 GNU/Linux 5.2. Other versions of GNU/Linux may require different |
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455 keycodes. (@ref{Unix} for further help on how to do this.) |
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456 |
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457 @strong{Please note:} Remember, it may be necessary to have @key{NumLock} in |
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458 one position (ON) or the other (OFF) for the PC keypad to emulate the |
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459 LK-201 keypad properly. |
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460 |
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461 @node Unix |
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462 @section General Notes on Using @key{NumLock} for the @key{PF1} Key on Unix Systems |
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463 |
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464 Making the physical @key{NumLock} key available for use in the EDT Emulation |
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465 requires some modification to the default X Window settings. Since the |
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466 keycode assignments vary from system to system, some investigation is |
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467 needed to see how to do this on a particular system. |
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468 |
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469 You will need to look at the output generated by @code{xmodmap} invoked |
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470 with the "-pm" switch. For example, on RedHat GNU/Linux 5.2 on a PC, we |
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471 get the following output when running @samp{xmodmap -pm}: |
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472 |
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473 @example |
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474 xmodmap: up to 2 keys per modifier, (keycodes in parentheses): |
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475 |
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476 shift Shift_L (0x32), Shift_R (0x3e) |
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477 lock Caps_Lock (0x42) |
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478 control Control_L (0x25), Control_R (0x6d) |
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479 mod1 Alt_L (0x40), Alt_R (0x71) |
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480 mod2 Num_Lock (0x4d) |
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481 mod3 |
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482 mod4 |
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483 mod5 Scroll_Lock (0x4e) |
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484 @end example |
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485 |
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486 @noindent Note that Num_Lock is assigned to the modifier @samp{mod2}. This is |
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487 what hides Num_Lock from being seen by Emacs. |
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488 |
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489 Now, @samp{xmodmap -pke} yields: |
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490 |
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491 @example |
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492 . |
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493 . |
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494 . |
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495 keycode 77 = Num_Lock Pointer_EnableKeys |
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496 . |
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497 . |
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498 . |
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499 keycode 96 = F12 |
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500 . |
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501 . |
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502 . |
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503 @end example |
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504 |
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505 @noindent So, in RedHat GNU/Linux 5.2 on a PC, Num_Lock generates keycode 77. |
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506 The following steps are taken: |
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507 |
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508 @enumerate |
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509 @item |
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510 clear the assignment of Num_Lock to mod2; |
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511 @item |
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512 swap the keycodes assigned to F12 and Num_Lock; |
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513 @item |
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514 assign Num_Lock back to mod2. |
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515 @end enumerate |
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516 |
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517 @noindent The @file{.xmodmaprc} file looks like this: |
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518 |
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519 @example |
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520 ! File: .xmodmaprc |
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521 ! |
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522 ! Set up PC keypad under GNU/Linux for the GNU Emacs EDT Emulation |
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523 ! |
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524 clear mod2 |
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525 keycode 77 = F12 |
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526 keycode 96 = Num_Lock Pointer_EnableKeys |
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527 add mod2 = Num_Lock |
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528 @end example |
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529 |
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530 So, after executing @samp{xmodmap .xmodmaprc}, a press of the physical |
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531 @key{F12} key looks like a Num_Lock keypress to X. Also, a press of the |
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532 physical @key{NumLock} key looks like a press of the @key{F12} key to X. |
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533 |
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534 Now, @file{edt-mapper.el} will see @samp{f12} when the physical |
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535 @key{NumLock} key is pressed, allowing the @key{NumLock} key to be used |
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536 as the EDT @key{PF1} (@key{GOLD}) key. |
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537 |
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538 @node Differences |
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539 @chapter How Does this EDT Emulation Differ from Real EDT? |
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540 |
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541 In general, you will find that this emulation of EDT replicates most, |
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542 but not all, of EDT's most used Keypad Mode editing functions and |
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543 behavior. It is not perfect, but most EDT users who have tried the |
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544 emulation agree that it is quite good enough to make it easy for |
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545 die-hard EDT users to move over to using GNU Emacs. |
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546 |
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547 Here's a list of the most important differences between EDT and this GNU |
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548 Emacs EDT Emulation. The list is short but you must be aware of these |
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549 differences if you are to use the EDT Emulation effectively. |
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550 |
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551 @enumerate |
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552 |
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553 @item |
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554 Entering repeat counts works a little differently than in EDT. |
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555 |
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556 EDT allows users to enter a repeat count before entering a command that |
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557 accepts repeat counts. For example, when using the real EDT, pressing |
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558 these three keys in sequence, @kbd{GOLD 5 KP1}, will move the cursor in |
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559 the current direction 5 words. This does @strong{not} work in Emacs! |
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560 |
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561 Emacs provides two ways to enter repeat counts and neither involves |
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562 using the @key{GOLD} key. First, repeat counts can be entered in Emacs |
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563 by using the @key{ESC} key. For example, pressing these keys in |
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564 sequence, @kbd{ESC 1 0 KP1}, will move the cursor in the current |
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565 direction 10 words. Second, Emacs provides another command called |
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566 @code{universal-argument} that can be used to do the same thing. |
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567 Normally, in Emacs has this bound to @kbd{C-u}. |
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568 |
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569 @item |
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570 EDT's line mode commands and nokeypad mode commands are @strong{not} |
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571 supported (with one important exception; see item 8 in |
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572 @ref{Highlights}). Although, at first, this may seem like a big |
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573 omission, the set of built-in Emacs commands provides a much richer set |
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574 of capabilities which more than make up for this omission. |
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575 |
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576 To enter Emacs commands not bound to keys, you can press @kbd{GOLD KP7} |
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577 or the @key{DO} key. Emacs will display its own command prompt "M-x". |
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578 This stands for the keypress @kbd{Meta-x}, where @key{Meta} is a special |
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579 shift key. The @key{Alt} key is often mapped to behave as a @key{Meta} |
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580 key. So, you can also invoke this prompt by pressing @kbd{Meta-x}. |
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581 Typing the sequence @kbd{ESC x} will also invoke the prompt. |
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582 |
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583 @item |
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584 Selected text is highlighted @strong{only} on systems where Emacs |
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585 supports the highlighting of text. |
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586 |
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587 @item |
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588 Just like in TPU/EVE, the @key{ENTER} key is @strong{not} used to |
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589 terminate input when the editor prompts you for input. The @key{RETURN} |
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590 key is used, instead. (@key{KP4} and @key{KP5} (the direction keys) do |
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591 terminate input for the @samp{FIND} command, just like in EDT, however.) |
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592 |
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593 @end enumerate |
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594 |
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595 @node Highlights |
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596 @chapter Some Highlights, and Comparisons to the Original Emacs EDT Emulation |
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597 |
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598 @enumerate |
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599 |
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600 @item |
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601 The EDT define key command is supported (@code{edt-define-key}) and is |
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602 bound to @kbd{C-k} in the default EDT mode when EDT control sequence |
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603 bindings are enabled, or when the sample @file{edt-user.el} |
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604 customization file is used. The TPU/EVE learn command is supported but |
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605 not bound to a key in the default EDT mode but is bound in the sample |
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606 @file{edt-user.el} file. |
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607 |
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608 Unlike the TPU/EVE learn command, which uses one key to begin the learn |
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609 sequence, @kbd{C-l}, and another command to remember the sequence, |
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610 @kbd{C-r}, this version of the learn command (@code{edt-learn}) serves |
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611 as a toggle to both begin and to remember the learn sequence. |
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612 |
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613 Many users who change the meaning of a key with the define key and the |
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614 learn commands, would like to be able to restore the original key |
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615 binding without having to quit and restart emacs. So a restore key |
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616 command is provided to do just that. When invoked, it prompts you to |
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617 press the key to which you wish the last replaced key definition |
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618 restored. It is bound to @kbd{GOLD C-k} in the default EDT mode when |
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619 EDT control sequence bindings are enabled or the sample |
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620 @file{edt-user.el} customization file is used. |
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621 |
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622 @item |
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623 Direction support is fully supported. |
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624 |
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625 @item |
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626 All original Emacs bindings are fully restored when EDT emulation is |
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627 turned off. So, if a fellow worker comes over to your terminal to help |
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628 you with a software problem, for example, and is completely confused by |
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629 your EDT emulation bindings, just enter the command, |
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630 @code{edt-emulation-off}, at the @samp{M-x} prompt and the original |
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631 Emacs bindings will be restored. To resume the EDT emulation, just |
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632 enter @code{edt-emulation-on}. |
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633 |
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634 @item |
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635 User custom EDT bindings are kept separate from the default EDT |
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636 bindings. One can toggle back and forth between the custom EDT bindings |
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637 and default EDT bindings. |
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638 |
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639 @item |
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640 The Emacs functions in @file{edt.el} attempt to emulate, where |
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641 practical, the exact behavior of the corresponding EDT keypad mode |
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642 commands. In a few cases, the emulation is not exact, but we hope you |
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643 will agree it is close enough. In a very few cases, we chose to use the |
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644 Emacs way of handling things. As mentioned earlier, we do not emulate |
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645 the EDT @samp{SUBS} command. Instead, we chose to use the Emacs |
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646 @code{query-replace} function, which we find to be easier to use. |
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647 |
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648 @item |
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649 Emacs uses the regexp assigned to @code{page-delimiter} to determine |
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650 what marks a page break. This is normally @samp{^\f}, which causes the |
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651 @code{edt-page} command to ignore form feeds not located at the |
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652 beginning of a line. To emulate the EDT @samp{PAGE} command exactly, |
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653 page-delimiter is set to @samp{\f} when EDT emulation is turned on, and |
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654 restored to @samp{^\f} when EDT emulation is turned off. But, since |
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655 some users prefer the Emacs definition of a page break, or may wish to |
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656 preserve a customized definition of page break, one can override the EDT |
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657 definition by placing |
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658 |
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659 @example |
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660 (setq edt-keep-current-page-delimiter t) |
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661 @end example |
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662 |
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663 @noindent in your @file{.emacs} file. Or, you can used the Emacs customize |
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664 command to change its setting. |
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665 |
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666 @item |
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667 The EDT definition of a section of a terminal window is hardwired to be |
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668 16 lines of its one-and-only 24-line window (the EDT @samp{SECT} command |
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669 bound to @key{KP8}). That's two-thirds of the window at a time. Since |
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670 Emacs, like TPU/EVE, can handle multiple windows of sizes of other than |
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671 24 lines, the definition of section used here has been modified to |
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672 two-thirds of the current window. (There is also an |
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673 @code{edt-scroll-window} function which you may prefer over the |
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674 @samp{SECT} emulation.) |
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675 |
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676 @item |
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677 Cursor movement and deletion involving word entities is identical to |
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678 EDT. This, above all else, gives the die-hard EDT user a sense of being |
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679 at home. Also, an emulation of EDT's @samp{SET ENTITY WORD} command is |
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680 provided, for those users who like to customize movement by a word at a |
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681 time to their own liking. |
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682 |
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683 @item |
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684 EDT's @samp{FIND} and @samp{FNDNXT} are supported. |
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685 |
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686 @item |
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687 EDT's @samp{APPEND}, @samp{REPLACE}, and @samp{SUBS} commands are supported. |
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688 |
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689 @item |
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690 @samp{CHNGCASE} is supported. It works on individual characters or |
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691 selected text, if @samp{SELECT} is active. In addition, two new |
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692 commands are provided: @code{edt-lowercase} and @code{edt-uppercase}. |
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693 They work on individual @strong{words} or selected text, if |
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694 @samp{SELECT} is active. |
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695 |
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696 @item |
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697 Form feed and tab insert commands are supported. |
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698 |
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699 @item |
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700 A new command, @code{edt-duplicate-word}, is provided. If you |
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701 experiment with it, you might find it to be surprisingly useful and may |
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702 wonder how you ever got along without it! It is assigned to @kbd{C-j} |
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703 in the sample @file{edt-user.el} customization file. |
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704 |
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705 @item |
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706 TPU/EVE's Rectangular Cut and Paste functions (originally from the |
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707 EVE-Plus package) are supported. But unlike the TPU/EVE versions, these |
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708 here support both insert and overwrite modes. The seven rectangular |
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709 functions are bound to @key{F7}, @key{F8}, @kbd{GOLD-F8}, @key{F9}, |
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710 @kbd{GOLD-F9}, @key{F10}, and @kbd{GOLD-F10} in the default EDT mode. |
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711 |
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712 @item |
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713 The original EDT emulation package set up many default regular and GOLD |
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714 bindings. We tried to preserve most (but not all!) of these, so users |
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715 of the original emulation package will feel more at home. |
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716 |
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717 Nevertheless, there are still many GOLD key sequences which are not |
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718 bound to any functions. These are prime candidates to use for your own |
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719 customizations. |
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|
720 |
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721 Also, there are several commands in @file{edt.el} not bound to any key. |
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722 So, you will find it worthwhile to look through @file{edt.el} for |
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723 functions you may wish to add to your personal customized bindings. |
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724 |
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|
725 @item |
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726 The VT200/VT300 series terminals steal the function keys @key{F1} to |
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|
727 @key{F5} for their own use. These do not generate signals which are |
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|
728 sent to the host. So, @file{edt.el} does not assign any default |
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729 bindings to @key{F1} through @key{F5}. |
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|
730 |
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731 In addition, our VT220 terminals generate an interrupt when the @key{F6} |
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732 key is pressed (@samp{^C} or @samp{^Y}, can't remember which) and not |
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733 the character sequence documented in the manual. So, binding Emacs |
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734 commands to @key{F6} will not work if your terminal behaves the same |
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|
735 way. |
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|
736 |
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|
737 @item |
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738 The VT220 terminal has no @key{ESC}, @key{BS}, nor @key{LF} keys, as |
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739 does a VT100. So the default EDT bindings adopt the standard DEC |
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740 convention of having the @key{F11}, @key{F12}, and @key{F13} keys, on a |
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741 VT200 series (and above) terminal, assigned to the same EDT functions |
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|
742 that are bound to @key{ESC}, @key{BS}, and @key{LF} on a VT100 terminal. |
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743 |
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|
744 @item |
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745 Each user, through the use of a private @file{edt-user.el} file, can |
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746 customize, very easily, personal EDT emulation bindings. |
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747 |
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|
748 @item |
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749 The EDT @samp{SELECT} and @samp{RESET} functions are supported. |
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750 However, unlike EDT, pressing @samp{RESET} to cancel text selection does |
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751 @strong{not} reset the existing setting of the current direction. |
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|
752 |
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|
753 We also provide a TPU/EVE like version of the single @samp{SELECT/RESET} |
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|
754 function, called @code{edt-toggle-select}, which makes the EDT |
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|
755 @samp{SELECT} function into a toggle on/off switch. That is, if |
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|
756 selection is on, pressing @samp{SELECT} again turns selection off |
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|
757 (cancels selection). This function is used in the sample |
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758 @file{edt-user.el} customization file. |
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|
759 |
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|
760 @item |
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761 EDT scroll margins are supported, but are disabled by default. |
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762 (@ref{Scroll margins} for instructions on how to enable them.) |
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|
763 |
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|
764 @end enumerate |
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|
765 |
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|
766 @node Customizing |
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|
767 @chapter Customizing Emulation |
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|
768 |
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769 Most EDT users, at one time or another, make some custom key bindings, |
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770 or use someone else's custom key bindings, which they come to depend |
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771 upon just as if they were built-in bindings. This EDT Emulation for GNU |
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772 Emacs is designed to make it easy to customize bindings. |
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|
773 |
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774 If you wish to customize the EDT Emulation to use some of your own key |
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775 bindings, you need to make a private version of @file{edt-user.el} in |
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776 your own private lisp directory. The Emacs @file{etc/} directory |
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777 contains an example for you to use as a template and for ideas. |
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778 @c This seems to be untrue. |
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|
779 @ignore |
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780 There are two sample files @file{edt-user.el1} and @file{edt-user.el2} |
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781 for you to use as templates and for ideas. Look at @file{edt-user.el1} |
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782 first. Unless you will be using two or more very different types of |
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783 terminals on the same system, you need not look at @file{edt-user.el2}. |
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784 @end ignore |
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|
785 |
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|
786 First, you need to have your own private lisp directory, say |
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|
787 @file{~/lisp}, and you should add it to the GNU Emacs load path. |
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|
788 |
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789 @strong{Please note:} A few sites have different load-path requirements, |
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|
790 so the above directions may need some modification if your site has such |
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|
791 special needs. |
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|
792 |
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793 @menu |
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794 * edt-user.el:: Creating your own @file{edt-user.el} file. |
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795 * Words:: Specifying word entities. |
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796 * Control keys:: Enabling EDT control key sequence bindings. |
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797 * Scroll margins:: Setting scroll margins. |
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|
798 @end menu |
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|
799 |
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|
800 @node edt-user.el |
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801 @section Creating your own @file{edt-user.el} File |
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802 |
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803 A sample @file{edt-user.el} file is provided in the Emacs @file{etc/} |
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804 directory. You should use it as a guide to learn how you can customize |
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805 EDT emulation bindings to your own liking. Names used to identify the |
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806 set of LK-201 keypad and function keys are: |
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|
807 |
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|
808 @example |
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|
809 Keypad Keys: |
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|
810 PF1 PF2 PF3 PF4 |
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811 KP7 KP8 KP9 KP- |
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812 KP4 KP5 KP6 KP, |
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|
813 KP1 KP2 KP3 |
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|
814 KP0 KPP KPE |
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|
815 @end example |
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|
816 |
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817 @example |
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|
818 Arrow Keys: |
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|
819 LEFT RIGHT DOWN UP |
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|
820 @end example |
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|
821 |
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|
822 @example |
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823 Function Keys: |
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824 F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 F13 F14 |
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825 HELP DO F17 F18 F19 F20 |
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826 |
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|
827 FIND INSERT REMOVE |
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|
828 SELECT PREVIOUS NEXT |
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|
829 @end example |
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|
830 |
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831 Note: Many VT-200 terminals, and above, steal function keys @key{F1} |
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832 through @key{F5} for terminal setup control and don't send anything to |
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|
833 the host if pressed. So customizing bindings to these keys may not work |
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|
834 for you. |
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|
835 |
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836 There are three basic functions that do the EDT emulation custom |
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|
837 bindings: @code{edt-bind-key}, @code{edt-bind-gold-key}, and |
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838 @code{edt-bind-function-key}. |
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839 |
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840 The first two are for binding functions to keys which are standard |
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841 across most keyboards. This makes them keyboard independent, making it |
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842 possible to define these key bindings for all terminals in the file |
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843 @file{edt.el}. |
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844 |
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845 The first, @code{edt-bind-key}, is used typically to bind emacs commands |
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846 to control keys, although some people use it to bind commands to other |
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847 keys, as well. (For example, some people use it to bind the VT200 |
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848 seldom used back-tick key (@samp{`}) to the function @samp{ESC-prefix} |
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849 so it will behave like an @key{ESC} key.) The second function, |
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850 @code{edt-bind-gold-key}, is used to bind emacs commands to gold key |
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851 sequences involving alpha-numeric keys, special character keys, and |
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852 control keys. |
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853 |
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854 The third function, @code{edt-bind-function-key}, is terminal dependent |
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855 and is defined in a terminal specific file (see @file{edt-vt100.el} for |
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856 example). It is used to bind emacs commands to LK-201 function keys, to |
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857 keypad keys, and to gold sequences of those keys. |
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858 |
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859 @node Words |
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860 @section Specifying Word Entities |
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861 |
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862 The variable @code{edt-word-entities} is used to emulate EDT's @samp{SET |
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863 ENTITY WORD} command. It contains a list of characters to be treated as |
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864 words in themselves. If the user does not define |
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865 @code{edt-word-entities} in his/her @file{.emacs} file, then it is set |
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866 up with the EDT default containing only @key{TAB}. |
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867 |
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868 The characters are stored in the list by their numerical values, not as |
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869 strings. Emacs supports several ways to specify the numerical value of |
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870 a character. One method is to use the question mark: @samp{?A} means |
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871 the numerical value for @samp{A}, @samp{?/} means the numerical value |
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872 for @samp{/}, and so on. Several unprintable characters have special |
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873 representations: |
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874 |
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875 @example |
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876 ?\b specifies BS, C-h |
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877 ?\t specifies TAB, C-i |
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878 ?\n specifies LFD, C-j |
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879 ?\v specifies VTAB, C-k |
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880 ?\f specifies FF, C-l |
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881 ?\r specifies CR, C-m |
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882 ?\e specifies ESC, C-[ |
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883 ?\\ specifies \ |
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884 @end example |
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885 |
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886 Here are some examples: |
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887 |
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888 @example |
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889 (setq edt-word-entities '(?\t ?- ?/)) ; specifies TAB, - , and / |
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890 (setq edt-word-entities '(?\t) ; specifies TAB, the default |
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891 @end example |
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892 |
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893 @noindent You can also specify characters by their decimal ascii values: |
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894 |
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895 @example |
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896 (setq edt-word-entities '(9 45 47)) ; specifies TAB, - , and / |
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897 @end example |
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898 |
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899 @node Control keys |
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900 @section Enabling EDT Control Key Sequence Bindings |
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901 |
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902 Where EDT key bindings and GNU Emacs key bindings conflict, the default |
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903 GNU Emacs key bindings are retained by default. Some diehard EDT users |
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904 may not like this. So, if the variable |
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905 @code{edt-use-EDT-control-key-bindings} is set to true in a user's |
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906 @file{.emacs} file, then the default EDT Emulation mode will enable most |
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907 of the original EDT control key sequence bindings. If you wish to do |
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908 this, add the following line to your @file{.emacs} file: |
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909 |
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910 @example |
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911 (setq edt-use-EDT-control-key-bindings t) |
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912 @end example |
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913 |
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914 @node Scroll margins |
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915 @section Setting Scroll Margins |
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916 |
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917 Scroll margins at the top and bottom of the window are now supported. |
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918 (The design was copied from @file{tpu-extras.el}.) By default, this |
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919 feature is enabled with the top margin set to 10% of the window and the |
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920 bottom margin set to 15% of the window. To change these settings, you |
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921 can invoke the function @code{edt-set-scroll-margins} in your |
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922 @file{.emacs} file. For example, the following line |
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923 |
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924 @example |
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925 (edt-set-scroll-margins "20%" "25%") |
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926 @end example |
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927 |
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928 @noindent sets the top margin to 20% of the window and the bottom margin |
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929 to 25% of the window. To disable this feature, set each margin to 0%. |
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930 You can also invoke @code{edt-set-scroll-margins} interactively while |
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931 EDT Emulation is active to change the settings for that session. |
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932 |
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933 @strong{Please note:} Another way to set the scroll margins is to use |
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934 the Emacs customization feature to set the following two variables |
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935 directly: @code{edt-top-scroll-margin} and @code{edt-bottom-scroll-margin}. |
106583
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936 |
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937 Enter the Emacs @code{customize} command. First select the |
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938 @samp{Editing} group and then select the @samp{Emulations} group. |
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939 Finally, select the @samp{Edt} group and follow the directions. |
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940 |
106595 | 941 @node GNU Free Documentation License |
942 @appendix GNU Free Documentation License | |
943 @include doclicense.texi | |
944 | |
106583
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945 @bye |