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annotate man/sending.texi @ 79421:56d25c64546c
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author | Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com> |
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date | Thu, 15 Nov 2007 22:13:17 +0000 |
parents | 4805684e0b00 |
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25829 | 1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual. |
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2 @c Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, 2000, 2001, 2002, |
75348 | 3 @c 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
25829 | 4 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions. |
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5 @node Sending Mail |
25829 | 6 @chapter Sending Mail |
7 @cindex sending mail | |
8 @cindex mail | |
9 @cindex message | |
10 | |
11 To send a message in Emacs, you start by typing a command (@kbd{C-x m}) | |
12 to select and initialize the @samp{*mail*} buffer. Then you edit the text | |
13 and headers of the message in this buffer, and type another command | |
14 (@kbd{C-c C-s} or @kbd{C-c C-c}) to send the message. | |
15 | |
16 @table @kbd | |
17 @item C-x m | |
18 Begin composing a message to send (@code{compose-mail}). | |
19 @item C-x 4 m | |
20 Likewise, but display the message in another window | |
21 (@code{compose-mail-other-window}). | |
22 @item C-x 5 m | |
23 Likewise, but make a new frame (@code{compose-mail-other-frame}). | |
24 @item C-c C-s | |
25 In Mail mode, send the message (@code{mail-send}). | |
26 @item C-c C-c | |
27 Send the message and bury the mail buffer (@code{mail-send-and-exit}). | |
28 @end table | |
29 | |
30 @kindex C-x m | |
31 @findex compose-mail | |
32 @kindex C-x 4 m | |
33 @findex compose-mail-other-window | |
34 @kindex C-x 5 m | |
35 @findex compose-mail-other-frame | |
36 The command @kbd{C-x m} (@code{compose-mail}) selects a buffer named | |
37 @samp{*mail*} and initializes it with the skeleton of an outgoing | |
38 message. @kbd{C-x 4 m} (@code{compose-mail-other-window}) selects the | |
39 @samp{*mail*} buffer in a different window, leaving the previous current | |
40 buffer visible. @kbd{C-x 5 m} (@code{compose-mail-other-frame}) creates | |
41 a new frame to select the @samp{*mail*} buffer. | |
42 | |
43 Because the mail-composition buffer is an ordinary Emacs buffer, you can | |
44 switch to other buffers while in the middle of composing mail, and switch | |
45 back later (or never). If you use the @kbd{C-x m} command again when you | |
46 have been composing another message but have not sent it, you are asked to | |
47 confirm before the old message is erased. If you answer @kbd{n}, the | |
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48 @samp{*mail*} buffer remains selected with its old contents, so you can |
25829 | 49 finish the old message and send it. @kbd{C-u C-x m} is another way to do |
50 this. Sending the message marks the @samp{*mail*} buffer ``unmodified,'' | |
51 which avoids the need for confirmation when @kbd{C-x m} is next used. | |
52 | |
53 If you are composing a message in the @samp{*mail*} buffer and want to | |
54 send another message before finishing the first, rename the | |
55 @samp{*mail*} buffer using @kbd{M-x rename-uniquely} (@pxref{Misc | |
56 Buffer}). Then you can use @kbd{C-x m} or its variants described above | |
57 to make a new @samp{*mail*} buffer. Once you've done that, you can work | |
58 with each mail buffer independently. | |
59 | |
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60 @vindex mail-default-directory |
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61 The variable @code{mail-default-directory} controls the default |
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62 directory for mail buffers, and also says where to put their auto-save |
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63 files. |
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64 |
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65 @ignore |
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66 @c Commented out because it is not user-oriented; |
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67 @c it doesn't say how to do some job. -- rms. |
30986 | 68 @cindex directory servers |
69 @cindex LDAP | |
70 @cindex PH/QI | |
71 @cindex names and addresses | |
72 There is an interface to directory servers using various protocols such | |
73 as LDAP or the CCSO white pages directory system (PH/QI), described in a | |
74 separate manual. It may be useful for looking up names and addresses. | |
75 @xref{Top,,EUDC, eudc, EUDC Manual}. | |
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76 @end ignore |
30986 | 77 |
25829 | 78 @menu |
79 * Format: Mail Format. Format of the mail being composed. | |
80 * Headers: Mail Headers. Details of permitted mail header fields. | |
81 * Aliases: Mail Aliases. Abbreviating and grouping mail addresses. | |
82 * Mode: Mail Mode. Special commands for editing mail being composed. | |
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83 * Amuse: Mail Amusements. Distracting the NSA; adding fortune messages. |
30806 | 84 * Methods: Mail Methods. Using alternative mail-composition methods. |
25829 | 85 @end menu |
86 | |
87 @node Mail Format | |
88 @section The Format of the Mail Buffer | |
89 | |
90 In addition to the @dfn{text} or @dfn{body}, a message has @dfn{header | |
91 fields} which say who sent it, when, to whom, why, and so on. Some | |
92 header fields, such as @samp{Date} and @samp{Sender}, are created | |
93 automatically when you send the message. Others, such as the recipient | |
94 names, must be specified by you in order to send the message properly. | |
95 | |
68700 | 96 In the mail buffer, you can insert and edit header fields using |
97 ordinary editing commands. Mail mode provides a commands to help you | |
98 edit some header fields, and some are preinitialized in the buffer | |
99 automatically when appropriate. | |
25829 | 100 |
101 The line in the buffer that says | |
102 | |
103 @example | |
104 --text follows this line-- | |
105 @end example | |
106 | |
107 @noindent | |
108 is a special delimiter that separates the headers you have specified from | |
109 the text. Whatever follows this line is the text of the message; the | |
110 headers precede it. The delimiter line itself does not appear in the | |
111 message actually sent. The text used for the delimiter line is controlled | |
112 by the variable @code{mail-header-separator}. | |
113 | |
68700 | 114 Here is an example of what the headers and text in the mail buffer |
25829 | 115 might look like. |
116 | |
117 @example | |
118 To: gnu@@gnu.org | |
119 CC: lungfish@@spam.org, byob@@spam.org | |
120 Subject: The Emacs Manual | |
121 --Text follows this line-- | |
122 Please ignore this message. | |
123 @end example | |
124 | |
125 @node Mail Headers | |
126 @section Mail Header Fields | |
127 @cindex headers (of mail message) | |
128 | |
129 A header field in the mail buffer starts with a field name at the | |
130 beginning of a line, terminated by a colon. Upper and lower case are | |
131 equivalent in field names (and in mailing addresses also). After the | |
132 colon and optional whitespace comes the contents of the field. | |
133 | |
134 You can use any name you like for a header field, but normally people | |
135 use only standard field names with accepted meanings. Here is a table | |
136 of fields commonly used in outgoing messages. | |
137 | |
138 @table @samp | |
139 @item To | |
140 This field contains the mailing addresses to which the message is | |
141 addressed. If you list more than one address, use commas, not spaces, | |
142 to separate them. | |
143 | |
144 @item Subject | |
145 The contents of the @samp{Subject} field should be a piece of text | |
146 that says what the message is about. The reason @samp{Subject} fields | |
147 are useful is that most mail-reading programs can provide a summary of | |
148 messages, listing the subject of each message but not its text. | |
149 | |
150 @item CC | |
151 This field contains additional mailing addresses to send the message to, | |
152 like @samp{To} except that these readers should not regard the message | |
153 as directed at them. | |
154 | |
155 @item BCC | |
156 This field contains additional mailing addresses to send the message to, | |
157 which should not appear in the header of the message actually sent. | |
158 Copies sent this way are called @dfn{blind carbon copies}. | |
159 | |
160 @vindex mail-self-blind | |
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161 @cindex copy of every outgoing message |
25829 | 162 To send a blind carbon copy of every outgoing message to yourself, set |
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163 the variable @code{mail-self-blind} to @code{t}. To send a blind carbon |
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164 copy of every message to some other @var{address}, set the variable |
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165 @code{mail-default-headers} to @code{"Bcc: @var{address}\n"}. |
25829 | 166 |
167 @item FCC | |
168 This field contains the name of one file and directs Emacs to append a | |
169 copy of the message to that file when you send the message. If the file | |
170 is in Rmail format, Emacs writes the message in Rmail format; otherwise, | |
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171 Emacs writes the message in system mail file format. To specify |
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172 more than one file, use several @samp{FCC} fields, with one file |
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173 name in each field. |
25829 | 174 |
175 @vindex mail-archive-file-name | |
176 To put a fixed file name in the @samp{FCC} field each time you start | |
177 editing an outgoing message, set the variable | |
178 @code{mail-archive-file-name} to that file name. Unless you remove the | |
179 @samp{FCC} field before sending, the message will be written into that | |
180 file when it is sent. | |
181 | |
182 @item From | |
183 Use the @samp{From} field to say who you are, when the account you are | |
184 using to send the mail is not your own. The contents of the @samp{From} | |
185 field should be a valid mailing address, since replies will normally go | |
186 there. If you don't specify the @samp{From} field yourself, Emacs uses | |
187 the value of @code{user-mail-address} as the default. | |
188 | |
189 @item Reply-to | |
190 Use this field to direct replies to a different address. Most | |
191 mail-reading programs (including Rmail) automatically send replies to | |
192 the @samp{Reply-to} address in preference to the @samp{From} address. | |
193 By adding a @samp{Reply-to} field to your header, you can work around | |
194 any problems your @samp{From} address may cause for replies. | |
195 | |
29107 | 196 @cindex @env{REPLYTO} environment variable |
25829 | 197 @vindex mail-default-reply-to |
198 To put a fixed @samp{Reply-to} address into every outgoing message, set | |
199 the variable @code{mail-default-reply-to} to that address (as a string). | |
200 Then @code{mail} initializes the message with a @samp{Reply-to} field as | |
201 specified. You can delete or alter that header field before you send | |
202 the message, if you wish. When Emacs starts up, if the environment | |
29107 | 203 variable @env{REPLYTO} is set, @code{mail-default-reply-to} is |
25829 | 204 initialized from that environment variable. |
205 | |
206 @item In-reply-to | |
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207 This field contains a piece of text describing the message you are |
25829 | 208 replying to. Some mail systems can use this information to correlate |
209 related pieces of mail. Normally this field is filled in by Rmail | |
210 when you reply to a message in Rmail, and you never need to | |
211 think about it (@pxref{Rmail}). | |
212 | |
213 @item References | |
214 This field lists the message IDs of related previous messages. Rmail | |
215 sets up this field automatically when you reply to a message. | |
216 @end table | |
217 | |
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218 The @samp{To}, @samp{CC}, and @samp{BCC} header fields can appear |
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219 any number of times, and each such header field can contain multiple |
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220 addresses, separated by commas. This way, you can specify any number |
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221 of places to send the message. These fields can also have |
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222 continuation lines: one or more lines starting with whitespace, |
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223 following the starting line of the field, are considered part of the |
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224 field. Here's an example of a @samp{To} field with a continuation |
68700 | 225 line: |
25829 | 226 |
227 @example | |
228 @group | |
229 To: foo@@here.net, this@@there.net, | |
230 me@@gnu.cambridge.mass.usa.earth.spiral3281 | |
231 @end group | |
232 @end example | |
233 | |
234 @vindex mail-from-style | |
235 When you send the message, if you didn't write a @samp{From} field | |
236 yourself, Emacs puts in one for you. The variable | |
237 @code{mail-from-style} controls the format: | |
238 | |
239 @table @code | |
240 @item nil | |
241 Use just the email address, as in @samp{king@@grassland.com}. | |
242 @item parens | |
77129 | 243 Use both email address and full name, as in:@* |
244 @samp{king@@grassland.com (Elvis Parsley)}. | |
25829 | 245 @item angles |
77129 | 246 Use both email address and full name, as in:@* |
247 @samp{Elvis Parsley <king@@grassland.com>}. | |
25829 | 248 @item system-default |
249 Allow the system to insert the @samp{From} field. | |
250 @end table | |
251 | |
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252 @vindex mail-default-headers |
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253 You can direct Emacs to insert certain default headers into the |
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254 outgoing message by setting the variable @code{mail-default-headers} |
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255 to a string. Then @code{C-x m} inserts this string into the message |
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256 headers. If the default header fields are not appropriate for a |
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257 particular message, edit them as appropriate before sending the |
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258 message. |
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259 |
25829 | 260 @node Mail Aliases |
261 @section Mail Aliases | |
262 @cindex mail aliases | |
263 @cindex @file{.mailrc} file | |
264 @cindex mailrc file | |
265 | |
266 You can define @dfn{mail aliases} in a file named @file{~/.mailrc}. | |
267 These are short mnemonic names which stand for mail addresses or groups of | |
268 mail addresses. Like many other mail programs, Emacs expands aliases | |
269 when they occur in the @samp{To}, @samp{From}, @samp{CC}, @samp{BCC}, and | |
270 @samp{Reply-to} fields, plus their @samp{Resent-} variants. | |
271 | |
272 To define an alias in @file{~/.mailrc}, write a line in the following | |
273 format: | |
274 | |
275 @example | |
276 alias @var{shortaddress} @var{fulladdresses} | |
277 @end example | |
278 | |
279 @noindent | |
280 Here @var{fulladdresses} stands for one or more mail addresses for | |
281 @var{shortaddress} to expand into. Separate multiple addresses with | |
282 spaces; if an address contains a space, quote the whole address with a | |
283 pair of double-quotes. | |
284 | |
285 For instance, to make @code{maingnu} stand for | |
286 @code{gnu@@gnu.org} plus a local address of your own, put in | |
287 this line:@refill | |
288 | |
289 @example | |
290 alias maingnu gnu@@gnu.org local-gnu | |
291 @end example | |
292 | |
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293 @noindent |
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294 Addresses specified in this way should use doublequotes around an |
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295 entire address when the address contains spaces. But you need not |
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296 include doublequotes around parts of the address, such as the person's |
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297 full name. Emacs puts them in if they are needed. For example, |
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298 |
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299 @example |
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300 alias chief-torturer "George W. Bush <bush@@whitehouse.gov>" |
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301 @end example |
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302 |
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303 @noindent |
71593 | 304 is correct in @samp{.mailrc}. Emacs will insert the address as |
305 @samp{"George W. Bush" <bush@@whitehouse.gov>}. | |
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306 |
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307 Emacs also recognizes ``include'' commands in @samp{.mailrc} files. |
25829 | 308 They look like this: |
309 | |
310 @example | |
311 source @var{filename} | |
312 @end example | |
313 | |
314 @noindent | |
315 The file @file{~/.mailrc} is used primarily by other mail-reading | |
316 programs; it can contain various other commands. Emacs ignores | |
317 everything in it except for alias definitions and include commands. | |
318 | |
319 @findex define-mail-alias | |
320 Another way to define a mail alias, within Emacs alone, is with the | |
321 @code{define-mail-alias} command. It prompts for the alias and then the | |
322 full address. You can use it to define aliases in your @file{.emacs} | |
323 file, like this: | |
324 | |
325 @example | |
326 (define-mail-alias "maingnu" "gnu@@gnu.org") | |
327 @end example | |
328 | |
329 @vindex mail-aliases | |
330 @code{define-mail-alias} records aliases by adding them to a | |
331 variable named @code{mail-aliases}. If you are comfortable with | |
332 manipulating Lisp lists, you can set @code{mail-aliases} directly. The | |
333 initial value of @code{mail-aliases} is @code{t}, which means that | |
334 Emacs should read @file{.mailrc} to get the proper value. | |
335 | |
336 @vindex mail-personal-alias-file | |
337 You can specify a different file name to use instead of | |
338 @file{~/.mailrc} by setting the variable | |
339 @code{mail-personal-alias-file}. | |
340 | |
341 @findex expand-mail-aliases | |
342 Normally, Emacs expands aliases when you send the message. You do not | |
343 need to expand mail aliases before sending the message, but you can | |
344 expand them if you want to see where the mail will actually go. To do | |
345 this, use the command @kbd{M-x expand-mail-aliases}; it expands all mail | |
346 aliases currently present in the mail headers that hold addresses. | |
347 | |
348 If you like, you can have mail aliases expand as abbrevs, as soon as | |
349 you type them in (@pxref{Abbrevs}). To enable this feature, execute the | |
350 following: | |
351 | |
352 @example | |
34922 | 353 (add-hook 'mail-mode-hook 'mail-abbrevs-setup) |
25829 | 354 @end example |
355 | |
356 @noindent | |
357 @findex define-mail-abbrev | |
358 @vindex mail-abbrevs | |
359 This can go in your @file{.emacs} file. @xref{Hooks}. If you use this | |
360 feature, you must use @code{define-mail-abbrev} instead of | |
361 @code{define-mail-alias}; the latter does not work with this package. | |
362 Note that the mail abbreviation package uses the variable | |
363 @code{mail-abbrevs} instead of @code{mail-aliases}, and that all alias | |
364 names are converted to lower case. | |
365 | |
366 @kindex C-c C-a @r{(Mail mode)} | |
367 @findex mail-interactive-insert-alias | |
368 The mail abbreviation package also provides the @kbd{C-c C-a} | |
369 (@code{mail-interactive-insert-alias}) command, which reads an alias | |
370 name (with completion) and inserts its definition at point. This is | |
371 useful when editing the message text itself or a header field such as | |
372 @samp{Subject} in which Emacs does not normally expand aliases. | |
373 | |
374 Note that abbrevs expand only if you insert a word-separator character | |
375 afterward. However, you can rebind @kbd{C-n} and @kbd{M->} to cause | |
376 expansion as well. Here's how to do that: | |
377 | |
378 @smallexample | |
34922 | 379 (add-hook 'mail-mode-hook |
71593 | 380 (lambda () |
381 (define-key | |
382 mail-mode-map [remap next-line] 'mail-abbrev-next-line) | |
383 (define-key | |
384 mail-mode-map [remap end-of-buffer] 'mail-abbrev-end-of-buffer))) | |
25829 | 385 @end smallexample |
386 | |
387 @node Mail Mode | |
388 @section Mail Mode | |
389 @cindex Mail mode | |
390 @cindex mode, Mail | |
391 | |
392 The major mode used in the mail buffer is Mail mode, which is much | |
393 like Text mode except that various special commands are provided on the | |
394 @kbd{C-c} prefix. These commands all have to do specifically with | |
395 editing or sending the message. In addition, Mail mode defines the | |
396 character @samp{%} as a word separator; this is helpful for using the | |
397 word commands to edit mail addresses. | |
398 | |
399 Mail mode is normally used in buffers set up automatically by the | |
400 @code{mail} command and related commands. However, you can also switch | |
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401 to Mail mode in a file-visiting buffer. This is a useful thing to do if |
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402 you have saved the text of a draft message in a file. |
25829 | 403 |
404 @menu | |
405 * Mail Sending:: Commands to send the message. | |
406 * Header Editing:: Commands to move to header fields and edit them. | |
407 * Citing Mail:: Copying all or part of a message you are replying to. | |
408 * Mail Mode Misc:: Spell checking, signatures, etc. | |
409 @end menu | |
410 | |
411 @node Mail Sending | |
412 @subsection Mail Sending | |
413 | |
414 Mail mode has two commands for sending the message you have been | |
415 editing: | |
416 | |
417 @table @kbd | |
418 @item C-c C-s | |
419 Send the message, and leave the mail buffer selected (@code{mail-send}). | |
420 @item C-c C-c | |
421 Send the message, and select some other buffer (@code{mail-send-and-exit}). | |
422 @end table | |
423 | |
424 @kindex C-c C-s @r{(Mail mode)} | |
425 @kindex C-c C-c @r{(Mail mode)} | |
426 @findex mail-send | |
427 @findex mail-send-and-exit | |
428 @kbd{C-c C-s} (@code{mail-send}) sends the message and marks the mail | |
429 buffer unmodified, but leaves that buffer selected so that you can | |
430 modify the message (perhaps with new recipients) and send it again. | |
431 @kbd{C-c C-c} (@code{mail-send-and-exit}) sends and then deletes the | |
432 window or switches to another buffer. It puts the mail buffer at the | |
433 lowest priority for reselection by default, since you are finished with | |
434 using it. This is the usual way to send the message. | |
435 | |
436 In a file-visiting buffer, sending the message does not clear the | |
68700 | 437 modified flag, because only saving the file should do that. Also, you |
438 don't get a warning if you try to send the same message twice. | |
25829 | 439 |
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440 @c This is indexed in mule.texi, node "Recognize Coding". |
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441 @c @vindex sendmail-coding-system |
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442 When you send a message that contains non-@acronym{ASCII} characters, they need |
25829 | 443 to be encoded with a coding system (@pxref{Coding Systems}). Usually |
444 the coding system is specified automatically by your chosen language | |
445 environment (@pxref{Language Environments}). You can explicitly specify | |
446 the coding system for outgoing mail by setting the variable | |
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447 @code{sendmail-coding-system} (@pxref{Recognize Coding}). |
25829 | 448 |
449 If the coding system thus determined does not handle the characters in | |
450 a particular message, Emacs asks you to select the coding system to use, | |
451 showing a list of possible coding systems. | |
452 | |
49923 | 453 @cindex SMTP |
454 @cindex Feedmail | |
455 @cindex Sendmail | |
456 @vindex send-mail-function | |
457 The variable @code{send-mail-function} controls how the default mail | |
458 user agent sends mail. It should be set to a function. The default | |
459 is @code{sendmail-send-it}, which delivers mail using the Sendmail | |
460 installation on the local host. To send mail through a SMTP server, | |
461 set it to @code{smtpmail-send-it} and set up the Emacs SMTP library | |
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462 (@pxref{Top,,Emacs SMTP Library, smtpmail, Sending mail via SMTP}). A |
69770 | 463 third option is @code{feedmail-send-it}, see the commentary section of |
464 the @file{feedmail.el} package for more information. | |
49923 | 465 |
25829 | 466 @node Header Editing |
467 @subsection Mail Header Editing | |
468 | |
469 Mail mode provides special commands to move to particular header | |
470 fields and to complete addresses in headers. | |
471 | |
472 @table @kbd | |
473 @item C-c C-f C-t | |
474 Move to the @samp{To} header field, creating one if there is none | |
475 (@code{mail-to}). | |
476 @item C-c C-f C-s | |
477 Move to the @samp{Subject} header field, creating one if there is | |
478 none (@code{mail-subject}). | |
479 @item C-c C-f C-c | |
480 Move to the @samp{CC} header field, creating one if there is none | |
481 (@code{mail-cc}). | |
482 @item C-c C-f C-b | |
483 Move to the @samp{BCC} header field, creating one if there is none | |
484 (@code{mail-bcc}). | |
485 @item C-c C-f C-f | |
486 Move to the @samp{FCC} header field, creating one if there is none | |
487 (@code{mail-fcc}). | |
488 @item M-@key{TAB} | |
489 Complete a mailing address (@code{mail-complete}). | |
490 @end table | |
491 | |
492 @kindex C-c C-f C-t @r{(Mail mode)} | |
493 @findex mail-to | |
494 @kindex C-c C-f C-s @r{(Mail mode)} | |
495 @findex mail-subject | |
496 @kindex C-c C-f C-c @r{(Mail mode)} | |
497 @findex mail-cc | |
498 @kindex C-c C-f C-b @r{(Mail mode)} | |
499 @findex mail-bcc | |
500 @kindex C-c C-f C-f @r{(Mail mode)} | |
501 @findex mail-fcc | |
502 There are five commands to move point to particular header fields, all | |
503 based on the prefix @kbd{C-c C-f} (@samp{C-f} is for ``field''). They | |
504 are listed in the table above. If the field in question does not exist, | |
505 these commands create one. We provide special motion commands for these | |
506 particular fields because they are the fields users most often want to | |
507 edit. | |
508 | |
509 @findex mail-complete | |
510 @kindex M-TAB @r{(Mail mode)} | |
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511 While editing a header field that contains mailing addresses, such |
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512 as @samp{To:}, @samp{CC:} and @samp{BCC:}, you can complete a mailing |
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513 address by typing @kbd{M-@key{TAB}} (@code{mail-complete}). It |
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514 inserts the full name corresponding to the address, if it can |
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515 determine the full name. The variable @code{mail-complete-style} |
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516 controls whether to insert the full name, and what style to use, as in |
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517 @code{mail-from-style} (@pxref{Mail Headers}). (If your window |
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518 manager defines @kbd{M-@key{TAB}} to switch windows, you can type |
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519 @kbd{@key{ESC} @key{TAB}} or @kbd{C-M-i}.) |
25829 | 520 |
521 For completion purposes, the valid mailing addresses are taken to be | |
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522 the local users' names plus your personal mail aliases. You can |
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523 specify additional sources of valid addresses; see the customization |
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524 group @samp{mailalias} to see the variables for customizing this |
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525 feature (@pxref{Customization Groups}). |
25829 | 526 |
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527 If you type @kbd{M-@key{TAB}} in the body of the message, |
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528 @code{mail-complete} invokes @code{ispell-complete-word}, as in Text |
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529 mode. |
25829 | 530 |
531 @node Citing Mail | |
532 @subsection Citing Mail | |
533 @cindex citing mail | |
534 | |
535 Mail mode also has commands for yanking or @dfn{citing} all or part of | |
536 a message that you are replying to. These commands are active only when | |
537 you started sending a message using an Rmail command. | |
538 | |
539 @table @kbd | |
540 @item C-c C-y | |
541 Yank the selected message from Rmail (@code{mail-yank-original}). | |
542 @item C-c C-r | |
543 Yank the region from the Rmail buffer (@code{mail-yank-region}). | |
544 @item C-c C-q | |
545 Fill each paragraph cited from another message | |
546 (@code{mail-fill-yanked-message}). | |
547 @end table | |
548 | |
549 @kindex C-c C-y @r{(Mail mode)} | |
550 @findex mail-yank-original | |
551 When mail sending is invoked from the Rmail mail reader using an Rmail | |
552 command, @kbd{C-c C-y} can be used inside the mail buffer to insert | |
553 the text of the message you are replying to. Normally it indents each line | |
554 of that message three spaces and eliminates most header fields. A numeric | |
555 argument specifies the number of spaces to indent. An argument of just | |
556 @kbd{C-u} says not to indent at all and not to eliminate anything. | |
557 @kbd{C-c C-y} always uses the current message from the Rmail buffer, | |
558 so you can insert several old messages by selecting one in Rmail, | |
559 switching to @samp{*mail*} and yanking it, then switching back to | |
560 Rmail to select another. | |
561 | |
562 @vindex mail-yank-prefix | |
563 You can specify the text for @kbd{C-c C-y} to insert at the beginning | |
564 of each line: set @code{mail-yank-prefix} to the desired string. (A | |
565 value of @code{nil} means to use indentation; this is the default.) | |
566 However, @kbd{C-u C-c C-y} never adds anything at the beginning of the | |
567 inserted lines, regardless of the value of @code{mail-yank-prefix}. | |
568 | |
569 @kindex C-c C-r @r{(Mail mode)} | |
570 @findex mail-yank-region | |
571 To yank just a part of an incoming message, set the region in Rmail to | |
572 the part you want; then go to the @samp{*Mail*} message and type | |
573 @kbd{C-c C-r} (@code{mail-yank-region}). Each line that is copied is | |
574 indented or prefixed according to @code{mail-yank-prefix}. | |
575 | |
576 @kindex C-c C-q @r{(Mail mode)} | |
577 @findex mail-fill-yanked-message | |
578 After using @kbd{C-c C-y} or @kbd{C-c C-r}, you can type @kbd{C-c C-q} | |
579 (@code{mail-fill-yanked-message}) to fill the paragraphs of the yanked | |
580 old message or messages. One use of @kbd{C-c C-q} fills all such | |
581 paragraphs, each one individually. To fill a single paragraph of the | |
582 quoted message, use @kbd{M-q}. If filling does not automatically | |
583 handle the type of citation prefix you use, try setting the fill prefix | |
584 explicitly. @xref{Filling}. | |
585 | |
586 @node Mail Mode Misc | |
587 @subsection Mail Mode Miscellany | |
588 | |
589 @table @kbd | |
590 @item C-c C-t | |
591 Move to the beginning of the message body text (@code{mail-text}). | |
592 @item C-c C-w | |
593 Insert the file @file{~/.signature} at the end of the message text | |
594 (@code{mail-signature}). | |
595 @item C-c C-i @var{file} @key{RET} | |
596 Insert the contents of @var{file} at the end of the outgoing message | |
597 (@code{mail-attach-file}). | |
598 @item M-x ispell-message | |
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599 Perform spelling correction on the message text, but not on citations from |
25829 | 600 other messages. |
601 @end table | |
602 | |
603 @kindex C-c C-t @r{(Mail mode)} | |
604 @findex mail-text | |
605 @kbd{C-c C-t} (@code{mail-text}) moves point to just after the header | |
606 separator line---that is, to the beginning of the message body text. | |
607 | |
608 @kindex C-c C-w @r{(Mail mode)} | |
609 @findex mail-signature | |
610 @vindex mail-signature | |
611 @kbd{C-c C-w} (@code{mail-signature}) adds a standard piece of text at | |
612 the end of the message to say more about who you are. The text comes | |
613 from the file @file{~/.signature} in your home directory. To insert | |
614 your signature automatically, set the variable @code{mail-signature} to | |
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615 @code{t}; after that, starting a mail message automatically inserts the |
25829 | 616 contents of your @file{~/.signature} file. If you want to omit your |
617 signature from a particular message, delete it from the buffer before | |
618 you send the message. | |
619 | |
620 You can also set @code{mail-signature} to a string; then that string | |
621 is inserted automatically as your signature when you start editing a | |
622 message to send. If you set it to some other Lisp expression, the | |
623 expression is evaluated each time, and its value (which should be a | |
624 string) specifies the signature. | |
625 | |
626 @findex ispell-message | |
627 You can do spelling correction on the message text you have written | |
628 with the command @kbd{M-x ispell-message}. If you have yanked an | |
629 incoming message into the outgoing draft, this command skips what was | |
630 yanked, but it checks the text that you yourself inserted. (It looks | |
631 for indentation or @code{mail-yank-prefix} to distinguish the cited | |
632 lines from your input.) @xref{Spelling}. | |
633 | |
634 @kindex C-c C-i @r{(Mail mode)} | |
635 @findex mail-attach-file | |
636 To include a file in the outgoing message, you can use @kbd{C-x i}, | |
637 the usual command to insert a file in the current buffer. But it is | |
638 often more convenient to use a special command, @kbd{C-c C-i} | |
639 (@code{mail-attach-file}). This command inserts the file contents at | |
640 the end of the buffer, after your signature if any, with a delimiter | |
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641 line that includes the file name. Note that this is not a MIME |
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642 attachment. |
25829 | 643 |
644 @vindex mail-mode-hook | |
645 @vindex mail-setup-hook | |
646 Turning on Mail mode (which @kbd{C-x m} does automatically) runs the | |
647 normal hooks @code{text-mode-hook} and @code{mail-mode-hook}. | |
648 Initializing a new outgoing message runs the normal hook | |
649 @code{mail-setup-hook}; if you want to add special fields to your mail | |
650 header or make other changes to the appearance of the mail buffer, use | |
651 that hook. @xref{Hooks}. | |
652 | |
653 The main difference between these hooks is just when they are | |
654 invoked. Whenever you type @kbd{M-x mail}, @code{mail-mode-hook} runs | |
655 as soon as the @samp{*mail*} buffer is created. Then the | |
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656 @code{mail-setup} function inserts the default contents of the buffer. |
25829 | 657 After these default contents are inserted, @code{mail-setup-hook} runs. |
658 | |
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659 @node Mail Amusements |
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660 @section Mail Amusements |
25829 | 661 |
662 @findex spook | |
663 @cindex NSA | |
664 @kbd{M-x spook} adds a line of randomly chosen keywords to an outgoing | |
665 mail message. The keywords are chosen from a list of words that suggest | |
666 you are discussing something subversive. | |
667 | |
30806 | 668 The idea behind this feature is the suspicion that the |
669 NSA@footnote{The US National Security Agency.} snoops on | |
25829 | 670 all electronic mail messages that contain keywords suggesting they might |
671 find them interesting. (The NSA says they don't, but that's what they | |
672 @emph{would} say.) The idea is that if lots of people add suspicious | |
673 words to their messages, the NSA will get so busy with spurious input | |
674 that they will have to give up reading it all. | |
675 | |
676 Here's how to insert spook keywords automatically whenever you start | |
677 entering an outgoing message: | |
678 | |
679 @example | |
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680 (add-hook 'mail-setup-hook 'spook) |
25829 | 681 @end example |
682 | |
683 Whether or not this confuses the NSA, it at least amuses people. | |
684 | |
27209 | 685 @findex fortune-to-signature |
686 @cindex fortune cookies | |
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687 You can use the @code{fortune} program to put a ``fortune cookie'' |
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688 message into outgoing mail. To do this, add |
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689 @code{fortune-to-signature} to @code{mail-setup-hook}: |
27209 | 690 |
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691 @example |
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692 (add-hook 'mail-setup-hook 'fortune-to-signature) |
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693 @end example |
27209 | 694 |
25829 | 695 @node Mail Methods |
696 @section Mail-Composition Methods | |
697 @cindex mail-composition methods | |
698 | |
30992 | 699 @cindex MH mail interface |
700 @cindex Message mode for sending mail | |
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701 In this chapter we have described the usual Emacs mode for editing |
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702 and sending mail---Mail mode. Emacs has alternative facilities for |
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703 editing and sending mail, including |
30992 | 704 MH-E and Message mode, not documented in this manual. |
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Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
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705 @xref{Top,,MH-E,mh-e, The Emacs Interface to MH}. @xref{Top,,Message,message, |
30992 | 706 Message Manual}. You can choose any of them as your preferred method. |
707 The commands @code{C-x m}, @code{C-x 4 m} and @code{C-x 5 m} use | |
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Proofreading fixes from Chris Green <chris_e_green@yahoo.com>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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708 whichever agent you have specified, as do various other Emacs commands |
30992 | 709 and facilities that send mail. |
25829 | 710 |
711 @vindex mail-user-agent | |
32313 | 712 To specify your mail-composition method, customize the variable |
25829 | 713 @code{mail-user-agent}. Currently legitimate values include |
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Delete Footnote mode info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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714 @code{sendmail-user-agent} (Mail mode), @code{mh-e-user-agent}, |
32313 | 715 @code{message-user-agent} and @code{gnus-user-agent}. |
25829 | 716 |
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Delete Footnote mode info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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717 If you select a different mail-composition method, the information |
1f5dd1c73a2a
Delete Footnote mode info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
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718 in this chapter about the @samp{*mail*} buffer and Mail mode does not |
1f5dd1c73a2a
Delete Footnote mode info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
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719 apply; the other methods use a different format of text in a different |
1f5dd1c73a2a
Delete Footnote mode info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
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720 buffer, and their commands are different as well. |
52401 | 721 |
722 @ignore | |
723 arch-tag: d8a3dfc3-5d87-45c5-a7f2-69871b8e4fd6 | |
724 @end ignore |