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annotate man/rmail.texi @ 66232:56ef756519f4
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author | Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk> |
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date | Thu, 20 Oct 2005 15:02:42 +0000 |
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25829 | 1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual. |
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2 @c Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, 2001, 2002, |
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3 @c 2003, 2004, 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
25829 | 4 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions. |
5 @node Rmail, Dired, Sending Mail, Top | |
6 @chapter Reading Mail with Rmail | |
7 @cindex Rmail | |
8 @cindex reading mail | |
9 @findex rmail | |
10 @findex rmail-mode | |
11 @vindex rmail-mode-hook | |
12 | |
13 Rmail is an Emacs subsystem for reading and disposing of mail that you | |
14 receive. Rmail stores mail messages in files called Rmail files. | |
15 Reading the message in an Rmail file is done in a special major mode, | |
16 Rmail mode, which redefines most letters to run commands for managing | |
17 mail. The command @code{rmail-mode} is used to switch into Rmail mode, | |
18 and it runs the hook @code{rmail-mode-hook} as usual, but don't run this | |
19 command by hand; it can't do a reasonable job unless the buffer is | |
20 visiting a proper Rmail file. | |
21 | |
22 @menu | |
23 * Basic: Rmail Basics. Basic concepts of Rmail, and simple use. | |
24 * Scroll: Rmail Scrolling. Scrolling through a message. | |
25 * Motion: Rmail Motion. Moving to another message. | |
26 * Deletion: Rmail Deletion. Deleting and expunging messages. | |
27 * Inbox: Rmail Inbox. How mail gets into the Rmail file. | |
28 * Files: Rmail Files. Using multiple Rmail files. | |
29 * Output: Rmail Output. Copying message out to files. | |
30 * Labels: Rmail Labels. Classifying messages by labeling them. | |
31 * Attrs: Rmail Attributes. Certain standard labels, called attributes. | |
32 * Reply: Rmail Reply. Sending replies to messages you are viewing. | |
33 * Summary: Rmail Summary. Summaries show brief info on many messages. | |
34 * Sort: Rmail Sorting. Sorting messages in Rmail. | |
35 * Display: Rmail Display. How Rmail displays a message; customization. | |
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36 * Coding: Rmail Coding. How Rmail handles decoding character sets. |
25829 | 37 * Editing: Rmail Editing. Editing message text and headers in Rmail. |
38 * Digest: Rmail Digest. Extracting the messages from a digest message. | |
39 * Out of Rmail:: Converting an Rmail file to mailbox format. | |
40 * Rot13: Rmail Rot13. Reading messages encoded in the rot13 code. | |
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41 * Movemail:: More details of fetching new mail. |
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42 * Remote Mailboxes:: Retrieving Mail from Remote Mailboxes. |
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43 * Other Mailbox Formats:: Retrieving Mail from Local Mailboxes in |
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44 Various Formats |
25829 | 45 @end menu |
46 | |
47 @node Rmail Basics | |
48 @section Basic Concepts of Rmail | |
49 | |
50 @cindex primary Rmail file | |
51 @vindex rmail-file-name | |
52 Using Rmail in the simplest fashion, you have one Rmail file | |
53 @file{~/RMAIL} in which all of your mail is saved. It is called your | |
54 @dfn{primary Rmail file}. The command @kbd{M-x rmail} reads your primary | |
55 Rmail file, merges new mail in from your inboxes, displays the first | |
56 message you haven't read yet, and lets you begin reading. The variable | |
57 @code{rmail-file-name} specifies the name of the primary Rmail file. | |
58 | |
59 Rmail uses narrowing to hide all but one message in the Rmail file. | |
60 The message that is shown is called the @dfn{current message}. Rmail | |
61 mode's special commands can do such things as delete the current | |
62 message, copy it into another file, send a reply, or move to another | |
63 message. You can also create multiple Rmail files and use Rmail to move | |
64 messages between them. | |
65 | |
66 @cindex message number | |
67 Within the Rmail file, messages are normally arranged sequentially in | |
68 order of receipt; you can specify other ways to sort them. Messages are | |
69 assigned consecutive integers as their @dfn{message numbers}. The | |
70 number of the current message is displayed in Rmail's mode line, | |
71 followed by the total number of messages in the file. You can move to a | |
72 message by specifying its message number with the @kbd{j} key | |
73 (@pxref{Rmail Motion}). | |
74 | |
75 @kindex s @r{(Rmail)} | |
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76 @findex rmail-expunge-and-save |
25829 | 77 Following the usual conventions of Emacs, changes in an Rmail file |
78 become permanent only when the file is saved. You can save it with | |
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79 @kbd{s} (@code{rmail-expunge-and-save}), which also expunges deleted |
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80 messages from the file first (@pxref{Rmail Deletion}). To save the |
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81 file without expunging, use @kbd{C-x C-s}. Rmail also saves the Rmail |
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82 file after merging new mail from an inbox file (@pxref{Rmail Inbox}). |
25829 | 83 |
84 @kindex q @r{(Rmail)} | |
85 @findex rmail-quit | |
86 @kindex b @r{(Rmail)} | |
87 @findex rmail-bury | |
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88 You can exit Rmail with @kbd{q} (@code{rmail-quit}); this expunges |
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89 and saves the Rmail file, then buries the Rmail buffer as well as its |
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90 summary buffer, if present (@pxref{Rmail Summary}). But there is no |
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91 need to ``exit'' formally. If you switch from Rmail to editing in |
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92 other buffers, and never happen to switch back, you have exited. Just |
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93 make sure to save the Rmail file eventually (like any other file you |
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94 have changed). @kbd{C-x s} is a good enough way to do this |
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95 (@pxref{Save Commands}). The Rmail command @kbd{b}, @code{rmail-bury}, |
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96 buries the Rmail buffer and its summary buffer without expunging and |
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97 saving the Rmail file. |
25829 | 98 |
99 @node Rmail Scrolling | |
100 @section Scrolling Within a Message | |
101 | |
102 When Rmail displays a message that does not fit on the screen, you | |
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103 must scroll through it to read the rest. You could do this with |
25829 | 104 @kbd{C-v}, @kbd{M-v} and @kbd{M-<}, but in Rmail scrolling is so |
105 frequent that it deserves to be easier to type. | |
106 | |
107 @table @kbd | |
108 @item @key{SPC} | |
109 Scroll forward (@code{scroll-up}). | |
110 @item @key{DEL} | |
111 Scroll backward (@code{scroll-down}). | |
112 @item . | |
113 Scroll to start of message (@code{rmail-beginning-of-message}). | |
114 @end table | |
115 | |
116 @kindex SPC @r{(Rmail)} | |
117 @kindex DEL @r{(Rmail)} | |
118 Since the most common thing to do while reading a message is to scroll | |
119 through it by screenfuls, Rmail makes @key{SPC} and @key{DEL} synonyms of | |
120 @kbd{C-v} (@code{scroll-up}) and @kbd{M-v} (@code{scroll-down}) | |
121 | |
122 @kindex . @r{(Rmail)} | |
123 @findex rmail-beginning-of-message | |
124 The command @kbd{.} (@code{rmail-beginning-of-message}) scrolls back to the | |
125 beginning of the selected message. This is not quite the same as @kbd{M-<}: | |
126 for one thing, it does not set the mark; for another, it resets the buffer | |
127 boundaries to the current message if you have changed them. | |
128 | |
129 @node Rmail Motion | |
130 @section Moving Among Messages | |
131 | |
132 The most basic thing to do with a message is to read it. The way to | |
133 do this in Rmail is to make the message current. The usual practice is | |
134 to move sequentially through the file, since this is the order of | |
135 receipt of messages. When you enter Rmail, you are positioned at the | |
136 first message that you have not yet made current (that is, the first one | |
137 that has the @samp{unseen} attribute; @pxref{Rmail Attributes}). Move | |
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138 forward to see the other new messages; move backward to re-examine old |
25829 | 139 messages. |
140 | |
141 @table @kbd | |
142 @item n | |
143 Move to the next nondeleted message, skipping any intervening deleted | |
144 messages (@code{rmail-next-undeleted-message}). | |
145 @item p | |
146 Move to the previous nondeleted message | |
147 (@code{rmail-previous-undeleted-message}). | |
148 @item M-n | |
149 Move to the next message, including deleted messages | |
150 (@code{rmail-next-message}). | |
151 @item M-p | |
152 Move to the previous message, including deleted messages | |
153 (@code{rmail-previous-message}). | |
154 @item j | |
155 Move to the first message. With argument @var{n}, move to | |
156 message number @var{n} (@code{rmail-show-message}). | |
157 @item > | |
158 Move to the last message (@code{rmail-last-message}). | |
159 @item < | |
160 Move to the first message (@code{rmail-first-message}). | |
161 | |
162 @item M-s @var{regexp} @key{RET} | |
163 Move to the next message containing a match for @var{regexp} | |
164 (@code{rmail-search}). | |
165 | |
166 @item - M-s @var{regexp} @key{RET} | |
167 Move to the previous message containing a match for @var{regexp}. | |
168 @end table | |
169 | |
170 @kindex n @r{(Rmail)} | |
171 @kindex p @r{(Rmail)} | |
172 @kindex M-n @r{(Rmail)} | |
173 @kindex M-p @r{(Rmail)} | |
174 @findex rmail-next-undeleted-message | |
175 @findex rmail-previous-undeleted-message | |
176 @findex rmail-next-message | |
177 @findex rmail-previous-message | |
178 @kbd{n} and @kbd{p} are the usual way of moving among messages in | |
179 Rmail. They move through the messages sequentially, but skip over | |
180 deleted messages, which is usually what you want to do. Their command | |
181 definitions are named @code{rmail-next-undeleted-message} and | |
182 @code{rmail-previous-undeleted-message}. If you do not want to skip | |
183 deleted messages---for example, if you want to move to a message to | |
184 undelete it---use the variants @kbd{M-n} and @kbd{M-p} | |
185 (@code{rmail-next-message} and @code{rmail-previous-message}). A | |
186 numeric argument to any of these commands serves as a repeat | |
187 count.@refill | |
188 | |
189 In Rmail, you can specify a numeric argument by typing just the | |
190 digits. You don't need to type @kbd{C-u} first. | |
191 | |
192 @kindex M-s @r{(Rmail)} | |
193 @findex rmail-search | |
194 @cindex searching in Rmail | |
195 The @kbd{M-s} (@code{rmail-search}) command is Rmail's version of | |
196 search. The usual incremental search command @kbd{C-s} works in Rmail, | |
197 but it searches only within the current message. The purpose of | |
198 @kbd{M-s} is to search for another message. It reads a regular | |
199 expression (@pxref{Regexps}) nonincrementally, then searches starting at | |
200 the beginning of the following message for a match. It then selects | |
201 that message. If @var{regexp} is empty, @kbd{M-s} reuses the regexp | |
202 used the previous time. | |
203 | |
204 To search backward in the file for another message, give @kbd{M-s} a | |
205 negative argument. In Rmail you can do this with @kbd{- M-s}. | |
206 | |
207 It is also possible to search for a message based on labels. | |
208 @xref{Rmail Labels}. | |
209 | |
210 @kindex j @r{(Rmail)} | |
211 @kindex > @r{(Rmail)} | |
212 @kindex < @r{(Rmail)} | |
213 @findex rmail-show-message | |
214 @findex rmail-last-message | |
215 @findex rmail-first-message | |
216 To move to a message specified by absolute message number, use @kbd{j} | |
217 (@code{rmail-show-message}) with the message number as argument. With | |
218 no argument, @kbd{j} selects the first message. @kbd{<} | |
219 (@code{rmail-first-message}) also selects the first message. @kbd{>} | |
220 (@code{rmail-last-message}) selects the last message. | |
221 | |
222 @node Rmail Deletion | |
223 @section Deleting Messages | |
224 | |
225 @cindex deletion (Rmail) | |
226 When you no longer need to keep a message, you can @dfn{delete} it. This | |
227 flags it as ignorable, and some Rmail commands pretend it is no longer | |
228 present; but it still has its place in the Rmail file, and still has its | |
229 message number. | |
230 | |
231 @cindex expunging (Rmail) | |
232 @dfn{Expunging} the Rmail file actually removes the deleted messages. | |
233 The remaining messages are renumbered consecutively. Expunging is the only | |
234 action that changes the message number of any message, except for | |
235 undigestifying (@pxref{Rmail Digest}). | |
236 | |
237 @table @kbd | |
238 @item d | |
239 Delete the current message, and move to the next nondeleted message | |
240 (@code{rmail-delete-forward}). | |
241 @item C-d | |
242 Delete the current message, and move to the previous nondeleted | |
243 message (@code{rmail-delete-backward}). | |
244 @item u | |
245 Undelete the current message, or move back to a deleted message and | |
246 undelete it (@code{rmail-undelete-previous-message}). | |
247 @item x | |
248 Expunge the Rmail file (@code{rmail-expunge}). | |
249 @end table | |
250 | |
251 @kindex d @r{(Rmail)} | |
252 @kindex C-d @r{(Rmail)} | |
253 @findex rmail-delete-forward | |
254 @findex rmail-delete-backward | |
255 There are two Rmail commands for deleting messages. Both delete the | |
256 current message and select another message. @kbd{d} | |
257 (@code{rmail-delete-forward}) moves to the following message, skipping | |
258 messages already deleted, while @kbd{C-d} (@code{rmail-delete-backward}) | |
259 moves to the previous nondeleted message. If there is no nondeleted | |
260 message to move to in the specified direction, the message that was just | |
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261 deleted remains current. @kbd{d} with a numeric argument is |
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262 equivalent to @kbd{C-d}. |
25829 | 263 |
264 @vindex rmail-delete-message-hook | |
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265 Whenever Rmail deletes a message, it runs the hook |
25829 | 266 @code{rmail-delete-message-hook}. When the hook functions are invoked, |
267 the message has been marked deleted, but it is still the current message | |
268 in the Rmail buffer. | |
269 | |
270 @cindex undeletion (Rmail) | |
271 @kindex x @r{(Rmail)} | |
272 @findex rmail-expunge | |
273 @kindex u @r{(Rmail)} | |
274 @findex rmail-undelete-previous-message | |
275 To make all the deleted messages finally vanish from the Rmail file, | |
276 type @kbd{x} (@code{rmail-expunge}). Until you do this, you can still | |
277 @dfn{undelete} the deleted messages. The undeletion command, @kbd{u} | |
278 (@code{rmail-undelete-previous-message}), is designed to cancel the | |
279 effect of a @kbd{d} command in most cases. It undeletes the current | |
280 message if the current message is deleted. Otherwise it moves backward | |
281 to previous messages until a deleted message is found, and undeletes | |
282 that message. | |
283 | |
284 You can usually undo a @kbd{d} with a @kbd{u} because the @kbd{u} | |
285 moves back to and undeletes the message that the @kbd{d} deleted. But | |
286 this does not work when the @kbd{d} skips a few already-deleted messages | |
287 that follow the message being deleted; then the @kbd{u} command | |
288 undeletes the last of the messages that were skipped. There is no clean | |
289 way to avoid this problem. However, by repeating the @kbd{u} command, | |
290 you can eventually get back to the message that you intend to | |
291 undelete. You can also select a particular deleted message with | |
292 the @kbd{M-p} command, then type @kbd{u} to undelete it. | |
293 | |
294 A deleted message has the @samp{deleted} attribute, and as a result | |
295 @samp{deleted} appears in the mode line when the current message is | |
296 deleted. In fact, deleting or undeleting a message is nothing more than | |
297 adding or removing this attribute. @xref{Rmail Attributes}. | |
298 | |
299 @node Rmail Inbox | |
300 @section Rmail Files and Inboxes | |
301 @cindex inbox file | |
302 | |
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303 When you receive mail locally, the operating system places incoming |
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304 mail for you in a file that we call your @dfn{inbox}. When you start |
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305 up Rmail, it runs a C program called @code{movemail} to copy the new |
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306 messages from your local inbox into your primary Rmail file, which |
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307 also contains other messages saved from previous Rmail sessions. It |
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308 is in this file that you actually read the mail with Rmail. This |
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309 operation is called @dfn{getting new mail}. You can get new mail at |
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310 any time in Rmail by typing @kbd{g}. |
25829 | 311 |
312 @vindex rmail-primary-inbox-list | |
29107 | 313 @cindex @env{MAIL} environment variable |
25829 | 314 The variable @code{rmail-primary-inbox-list} contains a list of the |
315 files which are inboxes for your primary Rmail file. If you don't set | |
29107 | 316 this variable explicitly, it is initialized from the @env{MAIL} |
25829 | 317 environment variable, or, as a last resort, set to @code{nil}, which |
318 means to use the default inbox. The default inbox is | |
319 @file{/var/mail/@var{username}}, @file{/usr/spool/mail/@var{username}}, | |
320 or @file{/usr/mail/@var{username}}, depending on your operating system. | |
321 | |
322 To see what the default is on your system, use @kbd{C-h v | |
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323 rmail-primary-inbox-list @key{RET}}. You can specify the inbox file(s) for |
25829 | 324 any Rmail file with the command @code{set-rmail-inbox-list}; see |
325 @ref{Rmail Files}. | |
326 | |
327 There are two reasons for having separate Rmail files and inboxes. | |
328 | |
329 @enumerate | |
330 @item | |
331 The inbox file format varies between operating systems and according to | |
332 the other mail software in use. Only one part of Rmail needs to know | |
333 about the alternatives, and it need only understand how to convert all | |
334 of them to Rmail's own format. | |
335 | |
336 @item | |
337 It is very cumbersome to access an inbox file without danger of losing | |
338 mail, because it is necessary to interlock with mail delivery. | |
339 Moreover, different operating systems use different interlocking | |
340 techniques. The strategy of moving mail out of the inbox once and for | |
341 all into a separate Rmail file avoids the need for interlocking in all | |
342 the rest of Rmail, since only Rmail operates on the Rmail file. | |
343 @end enumerate | |
344 | |
345 Rmail was written to use Babyl format as its internal format. Since | |
346 then, we have recognized that the usual inbox format on Unix and GNU | |
347 systems is adequate for the job, and we plan to change Rmail to use that | |
348 as its internal format. However, the Rmail file will still be separate | |
349 from the inbox file, even on systems where their format is the same. | |
350 | |
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351 @vindex rmail-preserve-inbox |
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352 When getting new mail, Rmail first copies the new mail from the inbox |
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353 file to the Rmail file; then it saves the Rmail file; then it truncates |
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354 the inbox file. This way, a system crash may cause duplication of mail |
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355 between the inbox and the Rmail file, but cannot lose mail. If |
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356 @code{rmail-preserve-inbox} is non-@code{nil}, then Rmail will copy new |
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357 mail from the inbox file to the Rmail file without truncating the inbox |
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358 file. You may wish to set this, for example, on a portable computer you |
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359 use to check your mail via POP while traveling, so that your mail will |
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360 remain on the server and you can save it later on your workstation. |
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361 |
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362 In some cases, Rmail copies the new mail from the inbox file |
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363 indirectly. First it runs the @code{movemail} program to move the mail |
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364 from the inbox to an intermediate file called |
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365 @file{~/.newmail-@var{inboxname}}. Then Rmail merges the new mail from |
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366 that file, saves the Rmail file, and only then deletes the intermediate |
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367 file. If there is a crash at the wrong time, this file continues to |
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368 exist, and Rmail will use it again the next time it gets new mail from |
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369 that inbox. |
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370 |
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371 If Rmail is unable to convert the data in |
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372 @file{~/.newmail-@var{inboxname}} into Babyl format, it renames the file |
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373 to @file{~/RMAILOSE.@var{n}} (@var{n} is an integer chosen to make the |
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374 name unique) so that Rmail will not have trouble with the data again. |
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375 You should look at the file, find whatever message confuses Rmail |
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376 (probably one that includes the control-underscore character, octal code |
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377 037), and delete it. Then you can use @kbd{1 g} to get new mail from |
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378 the corrected file. |
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379 |
25829 | 380 @node Rmail Files |
381 @section Multiple Rmail Files | |
382 | |
383 Rmail operates by default on your @dfn{primary Rmail file}, which is named | |
384 @file{~/RMAIL} and receives your incoming mail from your system inbox file. | |
385 But you can also have other Rmail files and edit them with Rmail. These | |
386 files can receive mail through their own inboxes, or you can move messages | |
387 into them with explicit Rmail commands (@pxref{Rmail Output}). | |
388 | |
389 @table @kbd | |
390 @item i @var{file} @key{RET} | |
391 Read @var{file} into Emacs and run Rmail on it (@code{rmail-input}). | |
392 | |
393 @item M-x set-rmail-inbox-list @key{RET} @var{files} @key{RET} | |
394 Specify inbox file names for current Rmail file to get mail from. | |
395 | |
396 @item g | |
397 Merge new mail from current Rmail file's inboxes | |
398 (@code{rmail-get-new-mail}). | |
399 | |
400 @item C-u g @var{file} @key{RET} | |
401 Merge new mail from inbox file @var{file}. | |
402 @end table | |
403 | |
404 @kindex i @r{(Rmail)} | |
405 @findex rmail-input | |
406 To run Rmail on a file other than your primary Rmail file, you may use | |
407 the @kbd{i} (@code{rmail-input}) command in Rmail. This visits the file | |
408 in Rmail mode. You can use @kbd{M-x rmail-input} even when not in | |
409 Rmail. | |
410 | |
411 The file you read with @kbd{i} should normally be a valid Rmail file. | |
412 If it is not, Rmail tries to decompose it into a stream of messages in | |
413 various known formats. If it succeeds, it converts the whole file to an | |
414 Rmail file. If you specify a file name that doesn't exist, @kbd{i} | |
415 initializes a new buffer for creating a new Rmail file. | |
416 | |
417 @vindex rmail-secondary-file-directory | |
418 @vindex rmail-secondary-file-regexp | |
419 You can also select an Rmail file from a menu. Choose first the menu | |
420 bar Classify item, then from the Classify menu choose the Input Rmail | |
421 File item; then choose the Rmail file you want. The variables | |
422 @code{rmail-secondary-file-directory} and | |
423 @code{rmail-secondary-file-regexp} specify which files to offer in the | |
424 menu: the first variable says which directory to find them in; the | |
425 second says which files in that directory to offer (all those that match | |
426 the regular expression). These variables also apply to choosing a file | |
427 for output (@pxref{Rmail Output}). | |
428 | |
429 @findex set-rmail-inbox-list | |
430 Each Rmail file can contain a list of inbox file names; you can specify | |
431 this list with @kbd{M-x set-rmail-inbox-list @key{RET} @var{files} | |
432 @key{RET}}. The argument can contain any number of file names, separated | |
433 by commas. It can also be empty, which specifies that this file should | |
434 have no inboxes. Once a list of inboxes is specified, the Rmail file | |
435 remembers it permanently until you specify a different list. | |
436 | |
437 As a special exception, if your primary Rmail file does not specify any | |
438 inbox files, it uses your standard system inbox. | |
439 | |
440 @kindex g @r{(Rmail)} | |
441 @findex rmail-get-new-mail | |
442 The @kbd{g} command (@code{rmail-get-new-mail}) merges mail into the | |
443 current Rmail file from its specified inboxes. If the Rmail file | |
444 has no inboxes, @kbd{g} does nothing. The command @kbd{M-x rmail} | |
445 also merges new mail into your primary Rmail file. | |
446 | |
447 To merge mail from a file that is not the usual inbox, give the | |
448 @kbd{g} key a numeric argument, as in @kbd{C-u g}. Then it reads a file | |
449 name and merges mail from that file. The inbox file is not deleted or | |
450 changed in any way when @kbd{g} with an argument is used. This is, | |
451 therefore, a general way of merging one file of messages into another. | |
452 | |
453 @node Rmail Output | |
454 @section Copying Messages Out to Files | |
455 | |
456 These commands copy messages from an Rmail file into another file. | |
457 | |
458 @table @kbd | |
459 @item o @var{file} @key{RET} | |
460 Append a copy of the current message to the file @var{file}, using Rmail | |
461 file format by default (@code{rmail-output-to-rmail-file}). | |
462 | |
463 @item C-o @var{file} @key{RET} | |
464 Append a copy of the current message to the file @var{file}, using | |
465 system inbox file format by default (@code{rmail-output}). | |
466 | |
467 @item w @var{file} @key{RET} | |
468 Output just the message body to the file @var{file}, taking the default | |
469 file name from the message @samp{Subject} header. | |
470 @end table | |
471 | |
472 @kindex o @r{(Rmail)} | |
473 @findex rmail-output-to-rmail-file | |
474 @kindex C-o @r{(Rmail)} | |
475 @findex rmail-output | |
476 The commands @kbd{o} and @kbd{C-o} copy the current message into a | |
477 specified file. This file may be an Rmail file or it may be in system | |
478 inbox format; the output commands ascertain the file's format and write | |
479 the copied message in that format. | |
480 | |
481 The @kbd{o} and @kbd{C-o} commands differ in two ways: each has its | |
482 own separate default file name, and each specifies a choice of format to | |
483 use when the file does not already exist. The @kbd{o} command uses | |
484 Rmail format when it creates a new file, while @kbd{C-o} uses system | |
485 inbox format for a new file. The default file name for @kbd{o} is the | |
486 file name used last with @kbd{o}, and the default file name for | |
487 @kbd{C-o} is the file name used last with @kbd{C-o}. | |
488 | |
489 If the output file is an Rmail file currently visited in an Emacs buffer, | |
490 the output commands copy the message into that buffer. It is up to you | |
491 to save the buffer eventually in its file. | |
492 | |
493 @kindex w @r{(Rmail)} | |
494 @findex rmail-output-body-to-file | |
495 Sometimes you may receive a message whose body holds the contents of a | |
496 file. You can save the body to a file (excluding the message header) | |
497 with the @kbd{w} command (@code{rmail-output-body-to-file}). Often | |
498 these messages contain the intended file name in the @samp{Subject} | |
499 field, so the @kbd{w} command uses the @samp{Subject} field as the | |
500 default for the output file name. However, the file name is read using | |
501 the minibuffer, so you can specify a different name if you wish. | |
502 | |
503 You can also output a message to an Rmail file chosen with a menu. | |
504 Choose first the menu bar Classify item, then from the Classify menu | |
505 choose the Output Rmail File menu item; then choose the Rmail file you want. | |
506 This outputs the current message to that file, like the @kbd{o} command. | |
507 The variables @code{rmail-secondary-file-directory} and | |
508 @code{rmail-secondary-file-regexp} specify which files to offer in the | |
509 menu: the first variable says which directory to find them in; the | |
510 second says which files in that directory to offer (all those that match | |
511 the regular expression). | |
512 | |
513 @vindex rmail-delete-after-output | |
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514 Copying a message with @kbd{o} or @kbd{C-o} gives the original copy |
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515 of the message the @samp{filed} attribute, so that @samp{filed} |
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516 appears in the mode line when such a message is current. @kbd{w} |
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517 gives it the @samp{stored} attribute. If you like to keep just a |
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518 single copy of every mail message, set the variable |
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519 @code{rmail-delete-after-output} to @code{t}; then the @kbd{o}, |
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520 @kbd{C-o} and @kbd{w} commands delete the original message after |
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521 copying it. (You can undelete the original afterward if you wish.) |
25829 | 522 |
523 Copying messages into files in system inbox format uses the header | |
524 fields that are displayed in Rmail at the time. Thus, if you use the | |
525 @kbd{t} command to view the entire header and then copy the message, the | |
526 entire header is copied. @xref{Rmail Display}. | |
527 | |
528 @vindex rmail-output-file-alist | |
529 The variable @code{rmail-output-file-alist} lets you specify | |
530 intelligent defaults for the output file, based on the contents of the | |
531 current message. The value should be a list whose elements have this | |
532 form: | |
533 | |
534 @example | |
535 (@var{regexp} . @var{name-exp}) | |
536 @end example | |
537 | |
538 @noindent | |
539 If there's a match for @var{regexp} in the current message, then the | |
540 default file name for output is @var{name-exp}. If multiple elements | |
541 match the message, the first matching element decides the default file | |
542 name. The subexpression @var{name-exp} may be a string constant giving | |
543 the file name to use, or more generally it may be any Lisp expression | |
544 that returns a file name as a string. @code{rmail-output-file-alist} | |
545 applies to both @kbd{o} and @kbd{C-o}. | |
546 | |
547 @node Rmail Labels | |
548 @section Labels | |
549 @cindex label (Rmail) | |
550 @cindex attribute (Rmail) | |
551 | |
552 Each message can have various @dfn{labels} assigned to it as a means | |
553 of classification. Each label has a name; different names are different | |
554 labels. Any given label is either present or absent on a particular | |
555 message. A few label names have standard meanings and are given to | |
556 messages automatically by Rmail when appropriate; these special labels | |
557 are called @dfn{attributes}. | |
558 @ifinfo | |
559 (@xref{Rmail Attributes}.) | |
560 @end ifinfo | |
561 All other labels are assigned only by users. | |
562 | |
563 @table @kbd | |
564 @item a @var{label} @key{RET} | |
565 Assign the label @var{label} to the current message (@code{rmail-add-label}). | |
566 @item k @var{label} @key{RET} | |
567 Remove the label @var{label} from the current message (@code{rmail-kill-label}). | |
568 @item C-M-n @var{labels} @key{RET} | |
569 Move to the next message that has one of the labels @var{labels} | |
570 (@code{rmail-next-labeled-message}). | |
571 @item C-M-p @var{labels} @key{RET} | |
572 Move to the previous message that has one of the labels @var{labels} | |
573 (@code{rmail-previous-labeled-message}). | |
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574 @item l @var{labels} @key{RET} |
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575 @itemx C-M-l @var{labels} @key{RET} |
25829 | 576 Make a summary of all messages containing any of the labels @var{labels} |
577 (@code{rmail-summary-by-labels}). | |
578 @end table | |
579 | |
580 @kindex a @r{(Rmail)} | |
581 @kindex k @r{(Rmail)} | |
582 @findex rmail-add-label | |
583 @findex rmail-kill-label | |
584 The @kbd{a} (@code{rmail-add-label}) and @kbd{k} | |
585 (@code{rmail-kill-label}) commands allow you to assign or remove any | |
586 label on the current message. If the @var{label} argument is empty, it | |
587 means to assign or remove the same label most recently assigned or | |
588 removed. | |
589 | |
590 Once you have given messages labels to classify them as you wish, there | |
591 are two ways to use the labels: in moving and in summaries. | |
592 | |
593 @kindex C-M-n @r{(Rmail)} | |
594 @kindex C-M-p @r{(Rmail)} | |
595 @findex rmail-next-labeled-message | |
596 @findex rmail-previous-labeled-message | |
597 The command @kbd{C-M-n @var{labels} @key{RET}} | |
598 (@code{rmail-next-labeled-message}) moves to the next message that has | |
599 one of the labels @var{labels}. The argument @var{labels} specifies one | |
600 or more label names, separated by commas. @kbd{C-M-p} | |
601 (@code{rmail-previous-labeled-message}) is similar, but moves backwards | |
602 to previous messages. A numeric argument to either command serves as a | |
603 repeat count. | |
604 | |
605 The command @kbd{C-M-l @var{labels} @key{RET}} | |
606 (@code{rmail-summary-by-labels}) displays a summary containing only the | |
607 messages that have at least one of a specified set of labels. The | |
608 argument @var{labels} is one or more label names, separated by commas. | |
609 @xref{Rmail Summary}, for information on summaries.@refill | |
610 | |
611 If the @var{labels} argument to @kbd{C-M-n}, @kbd{C-M-p} or | |
612 @kbd{C-M-l} is empty, it means to use the last set of labels specified | |
613 for any of these commands. | |
614 | |
615 @node Rmail Attributes | |
616 @section Rmail Attributes | |
617 | |
618 Some labels such as @samp{deleted} and @samp{filed} have built-in | |
619 meanings and are assigned to or removed from messages automatically at | |
620 appropriate times; these labels are called @dfn{attributes}. Here is a | |
621 list of Rmail attributes: | |
622 | |
623 @table @samp | |
624 @item unseen | |
625 Means the message has never been current. Assigned to messages when | |
626 they come from an inbox file, and removed when a message is made | |
627 current. When you start Rmail, it initially shows the first message | |
628 that has this attribute. | |
629 @item deleted | |
630 Means the message is deleted. Assigned by deletion commands and | |
631 removed by undeletion commands (@pxref{Rmail Deletion}). | |
632 @item filed | |
633 Means the message has been copied to some other file. Assigned by the | |
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634 @kbd{o} and @kbd{C-o} file output commands (@pxref{Rmail Output}). |
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635 @item stored |
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636 Assigned by the @kbd{w} file output command (@pxref{Rmail Output}). |
25829 | 637 @item answered |
638 Means you have mailed an answer to the message. Assigned by the @kbd{r} | |
639 command (@code{rmail-reply}). @xref{Rmail Reply}. | |
640 @item forwarded | |
641 Means you have forwarded the message. Assigned by the @kbd{f} command | |
642 (@code{rmail-forward}). @xref{Rmail Reply}. | |
643 @item edited | |
644 Means you have edited the text of the message within Rmail. | |
645 @xref{Rmail Editing}. | |
646 @item resent | |
647 Means you have resent the message. Assigned by the command @kbd{M-x | |
648 rmail-resend}. @xref{Rmail Reply}. | |
649 @end table | |
650 | |
651 All other labels are assigned or removed only by the user, and have no | |
652 standard meaning. | |
653 | |
654 @node Rmail Reply | |
655 @section Sending Replies | |
656 | |
657 Rmail has several commands that use Mail mode to send outgoing mail. | |
658 @xref{Sending Mail}, for information on using Mail mode, including | |
659 certain features meant to work with Rmail. What this section documents | |
660 are the special commands of Rmail for entering Mail mode. Note that the | |
661 usual keys for sending mail---@kbd{C-x m}, @kbd{C-x 4 m}, and @kbd{C-x 5 | |
662 m}---are available in Rmail mode and work just as they usually do. | |
663 | |
664 @table @kbd | |
665 @item m | |
666 Send a message (@code{rmail-mail}). | |
667 @item c | |
668 Continue editing the already started outgoing message (@code{rmail-continue}). | |
669 @item r | |
670 Send a reply to the current Rmail message (@code{rmail-reply}). | |
671 @item f | |
672 Forward the current message to other users (@code{rmail-forward}). | |
673 @item C-u f | |
674 Resend the current message to other users (@code{rmail-resend}). | |
675 @item M-m | |
676 Try sending a bounced message a second time (@code{rmail-retry-failure}). | |
677 @end table | |
678 | |
679 @kindex r @r{(Rmail)} | |
680 @findex rmail-reply | |
681 @cindex reply to a message | |
682 The most common reason to send a message while in Rmail is to reply to | |
683 the message you are reading. To do this, type @kbd{r} | |
684 (@code{rmail-reply}). This displays the @samp{*mail*} buffer in another | |
685 window, much like @kbd{C-x 4 m}, but preinitializes the @samp{Subject}, | |
686 @samp{To}, @samp{CC} and @samp{In-reply-to} header fields based on the | |
687 message you are replying to. The @samp{To} field starts out as the | |
688 address of the person who sent the message you received, and the | |
689 @samp{CC} field starts out with all the other recipients of that | |
690 message. | |
691 | |
692 @vindex rmail-dont-reply-to-names | |
693 You can exclude certain recipients from being placed automatically in | |
694 the @samp{CC}, using the variable @code{rmail-dont-reply-to-names}. Its | |
695 value should be a regular expression (as a string); any recipient that | |
696 the regular expression matches, is excluded from the @samp{CC} field. | |
697 The default value matches your own name, and any name starting with | |
698 @samp{info-}. (Those names are excluded because there is a convention | |
699 of using them for large mailing lists to broadcast announcements.) | |
700 | |
701 To omit the @samp{CC} field completely for a particular reply, enter | |
702 the reply command with a numeric argument: @kbd{C-u r} or @kbd{1 r}. | |
703 | |
704 Once the @samp{*mail*} buffer has been initialized, editing and | |
705 sending the mail goes as usual (@pxref{Sending Mail}). You can edit the | |
706 presupplied header fields if they are not right for you. You can also | |
707 use the commands of Mail mode (@pxref{Mail Mode}), including @kbd{C-c | |
708 C-y} which yanks in the message that you are replying to. You can | |
709 switch to the Rmail buffer, select a different message there, switch | |
710 back, and yank the new current message. | |
711 | |
712 @kindex M-m @r{(Rmail)} | |
713 @findex rmail-retry-failure | |
714 @cindex retrying a failed message | |
715 @vindex rmail-retry-ignored-headers | |
716 Sometimes a message does not reach its destination. Mailers usually | |
717 send the failed message back to you, enclosed in a @dfn{failure | |
718 message}. The Rmail command @kbd{M-m} (@code{rmail-retry-failure}) | |
719 prepares to send the same message a second time: it sets up a | |
720 @samp{*mail*} buffer with the same text and header fields as before. If | |
721 you type @kbd{C-c C-c} right away, you send the message again exactly | |
722 the same as the first time. Alternatively, you can edit the text or | |
723 headers and then send it. The variable | |
724 @code{rmail-retry-ignored-headers}, in the same format as | |
725 @code{rmail-ignored-headers} (@pxref{Rmail Display}), controls which | |
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726 headers are stripped from the failed message when retrying it. |
25829 | 727 |
728 @kindex f @r{(Rmail)} | |
729 @findex rmail-forward | |
730 @cindex forwarding a message | |
731 Another frequent reason to send mail in Rmail is to @dfn{forward} the | |
732 current message to other users. @kbd{f} (@code{rmail-forward}) makes | |
733 this easy by preinitializing the @samp{*mail*} buffer with the current | |
734 message as the text, and a subject designating a forwarded message. All | |
735 you have to do is fill in the recipients and send. When you forward a | |
736 message, recipients get a message which is ``from'' you, and which has | |
737 the original message in its contents. | |
738 | |
739 @findex unforward-rmail-message | |
740 Forwarding a message encloses it between two delimiter lines. It also | |
741 modifies every line that starts with a dash, by inserting @w{@samp{- }} | |
742 at the start of the line. When you receive a forwarded message, if it | |
743 contains something besides ordinary text---for example, program source | |
744 code---you might find it useful to undo that transformation. You can do | |
745 this by selecting the forwarded message and typing @kbd{M-x | |
746 unforward-rmail-message}. This command extracts the original forwarded | |
747 message, deleting the inserted @w{@samp{- }} strings, and inserts it | |
748 into the Rmail file as a separate message immediately following the | |
749 current one. | |
750 | |
751 @findex rmail-resend | |
752 @dfn{Resending} is an alternative similar to forwarding; the | |
753 difference is that resending sends a message that is ``from'' the | |
754 original sender, just as it reached you---with a few added header fields | |
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755 @samp{Resent-From} and @samp{Resent-To} to indicate that it came via |
25829 | 756 you. To resend a message in Rmail, use @kbd{C-u f}. (@kbd{f} runs |
757 @code{rmail-forward}, which is programmed to invoke @code{rmail-resend} | |
758 if you provide a numeric argument.) | |
759 | |
760 @kindex m @r{(Rmail)} | |
761 @findex rmail-mail | |
762 The @kbd{m} (@code{rmail-mail}) command is used to start editing an | |
763 outgoing message that is not a reply. It leaves the header fields empty. | |
764 Its only difference from @kbd{C-x 4 m} is that it makes the Rmail buffer | |
765 accessible for @kbd{C-c C-y}, just as @kbd{r} does. Thus, @kbd{m} can be | |
766 used to reply to or forward a message; it can do anything @kbd{r} or @kbd{f} | |
767 can do.@refill | |
768 | |
769 @kindex c @r{(Rmail)} | |
770 @findex rmail-continue | |
771 The @kbd{c} (@code{rmail-continue}) command resumes editing the | |
772 @samp{*mail*} buffer, to finish editing an outgoing message you were | |
773 already composing, or to alter a message you have sent.@refill | |
774 | |
775 @vindex rmail-mail-new-frame | |
776 If you set the variable @code{rmail-mail-new-frame} to a | |
777 non-@code{nil} value, then all the Rmail commands to start sending a | |
778 message create a new frame to edit it in. This frame is deleted when | |
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779 you send the message, or when you use the @samp{Cancel} item in the |
25829 | 780 @samp{Mail} menu. |
781 | |
782 All the Rmail commands to send a message use the mail-composition | |
783 method that you have chosen (@pxref{Mail Methods}). | |
784 | |
785 @node Rmail Summary | |
786 @section Summaries | |
787 @cindex summary (Rmail) | |
788 | |
789 A @dfn{summary} is a buffer containing one line per message to give | |
790 you an overview of the mail in an Rmail file. Each line shows the | |
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791 message number and date, the sender, the line count, the labels, and |
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792 the subject. Moving point in the summary buffer selects messages as |
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793 you move to their summary lines. Almost all Rmail commands are valid |
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794 in the summary buffer also; when used there, they apply to the message |
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795 described by the current line of the summary. |
25829 | 796 |
797 A summary buffer applies to a single Rmail file only; if you are | |
798 editing multiple Rmail files, each one can have its own summary buffer. | |
799 The summary buffer name is made by appending @samp{-summary} to the | |
800 Rmail buffer's name. Normally only one summary buffer is displayed at a | |
801 time. | |
802 | |
803 @menu | |
804 * Rmail Make Summary:: Making various sorts of summaries. | |
805 * Rmail Summary Edit:: Manipulating messages from the summary. | |
806 @end menu | |
807 | |
808 @node Rmail Make Summary | |
809 @subsection Making Summaries | |
810 | |
811 Here are the commands to create a summary for the current Rmail file. | |
812 Once the Rmail file has a summary buffer, changes in the Rmail file | |
813 (such as deleting or expunging messages, and getting new mail) | |
814 automatically update the summary. | |
815 | |
816 @table @kbd | |
817 @item h | |
818 @itemx C-M-h | |
819 Summarize all messages (@code{rmail-summary}). | |
820 @item l @var{labels} @key{RET} | |
821 @itemx C-M-l @var{labels} @key{RET} | |
822 Summarize messages that have one or more of the specified labels | |
823 (@code{rmail-summary-by-labels}). | |
824 @item C-M-r @var{rcpts} @key{RET} | |
825 Summarize messages that have one or more of the specified recipients | |
826 (@code{rmail-summary-by-recipients}). | |
827 @item C-M-t @var{topic} @key{RET} | |
828 Summarize messages that have a match for the specified regexp | |
829 @var{topic} in their subjects (@code{rmail-summary-by-topic}). | |
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830 @item C-M-s @var{regexp} |
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831 Summarize messages whose headers and the subject line match the |
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832 specified regular expression @var{regexp} |
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833 (@code{rmail-summary-by-regexp}). |
25829 | 834 @end table |
835 | |
836 @kindex h @r{(Rmail)} | |
837 @findex rmail-summary | |
838 The @kbd{h} or @kbd{C-M-h} (@code{rmail-summary}) command fills the summary buffer | |
839 for the current Rmail file with a summary of all the messages in the file. | |
840 It then displays and selects the summary buffer in another window. | |
841 | |
842 @kindex l @r{(Rmail)} | |
843 @kindex C-M-l @r{(Rmail)} | |
844 @findex rmail-summary-by-labels | |
845 @kbd{C-M-l @var{labels} @key{RET}} (@code{rmail-summary-by-labels}) makes | |
846 a partial summary mentioning only the messages that have one or more of the | |
847 labels @var{labels}. @var{labels} should contain label names separated by | |
848 commas.@refill | |
849 | |
850 @kindex C-M-r @r{(Rmail)} | |
851 @findex rmail-summary-by-recipients | |
852 @kbd{C-M-r @var{rcpts} @key{RET}} (@code{rmail-summary-by-recipients}) | |
853 makes a partial summary mentioning only the messages that have one or more | |
854 of the recipients @var{rcpts}. @var{rcpts} should contain mailing | |
855 addresses separated by commas.@refill | |
856 | |
857 @kindex C-M-t @r{(Rmail)} | |
858 @findex rmail-summary-by-topic | |
859 @kbd{C-M-t @var{topic} @key{RET}} (@code{rmail-summary-by-topic}) | |
860 makes a partial summary mentioning only the messages whose subjects have | |
861 a match for the regular expression @var{topic}. | |
862 | |
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863 @kindex C-M-s @r{(Rmail)} |
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864 @findex rmail-summary-by-regexp |
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865 @kbd{C-M-s @var{regexp} @key{RET}} (@code{rmail-summary-by-regexp}) |
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866 makes a partial summary which mentions only the messages whose headers |
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867 (including the date and the subject lines) match the regular |
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868 expression @var{regexp}. |
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869 |
25829 | 870 Note that there is only one summary buffer for any Rmail file; making one |
871 kind of summary discards any previously made summary. | |
872 | |
873 @vindex rmail-summary-window-size | |
874 @vindex rmail-summary-line-count-flag | |
875 The variable @code{rmail-summary-window-size} says how many lines to | |
876 use for the summary window. The variable | |
877 @code{rmail-summary-line-count-flag} controls whether the summary line | |
878 for a message should include the line count of the message. | |
879 | |
880 @node Rmail Summary Edit | |
881 @subsection Editing in Summaries | |
882 | |
883 You can use the Rmail summary buffer to do almost anything you can do | |
884 in the Rmail buffer itself. In fact, once you have a summary buffer, | |
885 there's no need to switch back to the Rmail buffer. | |
886 | |
887 You can select and display various messages in the Rmail buffer, from | |
888 the summary buffer, just by moving point in the summary buffer to | |
889 different lines. It doesn't matter what Emacs command you use to move | |
890 point; whichever line point is on at the end of the command, that | |
891 message is selected in the Rmail buffer. | |
892 | |
893 Almost all Rmail commands work in the summary buffer as well as in the | |
894 Rmail buffer. Thus, @kbd{d} in the summary buffer deletes the current | |
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895 message, @kbd{u} undeletes, and @kbd{x} expunges. (However, in the |
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896 summary buffer, a numeric argument to @kbd{d}, @kbd{C-d} and @kbd{u} |
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897 serves as a repeat count. A negative argument reverses the meaning of |
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898 @kbd{d} and @kbd{C-d}.) @kbd{o} and @kbd{C-o} output the current |
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899 message to a file; @kbd{r} starts a reply to it. You can scroll the |
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900 current message while remaining in the summary buffer using @key{SPC} |
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901 and @key{DEL}. |
25829 | 902 |
903 The Rmail commands to move between messages also work in the summary | |
904 buffer, but with a twist: they move through the set of messages included | |
905 in the summary. They also ensure the Rmail buffer appears on the screen | |
906 (unlike cursor motion commands, which update the contents of the Rmail | |
907 buffer but don't display it in a window unless it already appears). | |
908 Here is a list of these commands: | |
909 | |
910 @table @kbd | |
911 @item n | |
912 Move to next line, skipping lines saying `deleted', and select its | |
913 message. | |
914 @item p | |
915 Move to previous line, skipping lines saying `deleted', and select | |
916 its message. | |
917 @item M-n | |
918 Move to next line and select its message. | |
919 @item M-p | |
920 Move to previous line and select its message. | |
921 @item > | |
922 Move to the last line, and select its message. | |
923 @item < | |
924 Move to the first line, and select its message. | |
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925 @item j |
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926 @itemx @key{RET} |
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927 Select the message on the current line (ensuring that the RMAIL buffer |
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928 appears on the screen). With argument @var{n}, select message number |
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929 @var{n} and move to its line in the summary buffer; this signals an |
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930 error if the message is not listed in the summary buffer. |
25829 | 931 @item M-s @var{pattern} @key{RET} |
932 Search through messages for @var{pattern} starting with the current | |
933 message; select the message found, and move point in the summary buffer | |
934 to that message's line. | |
935 @end table | |
936 | |
937 @vindex rmail-redisplay-summary | |
938 Deletion, undeletion, and getting new mail, and even selection of a | |
939 different message all update the summary buffer when you do them in the | |
940 Rmail buffer. If the variable @code{rmail-redisplay-summary} is | |
941 non-@code{nil}, these actions also bring the summary buffer back onto | |
942 the screen. | |
943 | |
944 @kindex Q @r{(Rmail summary)} | |
945 @findex rmail-summary-wipe | |
946 @kindex q @r{(Rmail summary)} | |
947 @findex rmail-summary-quit | |
948 When you are finished using the summary, type @kbd{Q} | |
949 (@code{rmail-summary-wipe}) to delete the summary buffer's window. You | |
950 can also exit Rmail while in the summary: @kbd{q} | |
951 (@code{rmail-summary-quit}) deletes the summary window, then exits from | |
952 Rmail by saving the Rmail file and switching to another buffer. | |
953 | |
954 @node Rmail Sorting | |
955 @section Sorting the Rmail File | |
956 | |
957 @table @kbd | |
958 @item M-x rmail-sort-by-date | |
959 Sort messages of current Rmail file by date. | |
960 | |
961 @item M-x rmail-sort-by-subject | |
962 Sort messages of current Rmail file by subject. | |
963 | |
964 @item M-x rmail-sort-by-author | |
965 Sort messages of current Rmail file by author's name. | |
966 | |
967 @item M-x rmail-sort-by-recipient | |
968 Sort messages of current Rmail file by recipient's names. | |
969 | |
970 @item M-x rmail-sort-by-correspondent | |
971 Sort messages of current Rmail file by the name of the other | |
972 correspondent. | |
973 | |
974 @item M-x rmail-sort-by-lines | |
975 Sort messages of current Rmail file by size (number of lines). | |
976 | |
977 @item M-x rmail-sort-by-keywords @key{RET} @var{labels} @key{RET} | |
978 Sort messages of current Rmail file by labels. The argument | |
979 @var{labels} should be a comma-separated list of labels. The order of | |
980 these labels specifies the order of messages; messages with the first | |
981 label come first, messages with the second label come second, and so on. | |
982 Messages which have none of these labels come last. | |
983 @end table | |
984 | |
985 The Rmail sort commands perform a @emph{stable sort}: if there is no | |
986 reason to prefer either one of two messages, their order remains | |
987 unchanged. You can use this to sort by more than one criterion. For | |
988 example, if you use @code{rmail-sort-by-date} and then | |
989 @code{rmail-sort-by-author}, messages from the same author appear in | |
990 order by date. | |
991 | |
992 With a numeric argument, all these commands reverse the order of | |
993 comparison. This means they sort messages from newest to oldest, from | |
994 biggest to smallest, or in reverse alphabetical order. | |
995 | |
996 @node Rmail Display | |
997 @section Display of Messages | |
998 | |
999 Rmail reformats the header of each message before displaying it for | |
1000 the first time. Reformatting hides uninteresting header fields to | |
1001 reduce clutter. You can use the @kbd{t} command to show the entire | |
1002 header or to repeat the header reformatting operation. | |
1003 | |
1004 @table @kbd | |
1005 @item t | |
1006 Toggle display of complete header (@code{rmail-toggle-header}). | |
1007 @end table | |
1008 | |
1009 @vindex rmail-ignored-headers | |
1010 Reformatting the header involves deleting most header fields, on the | |
1011 grounds that they are not interesting. The variable | |
1012 @code{rmail-ignored-headers} holds a regular expression that specifies | |
1013 which header fields to hide in this way---if it matches the beginning of | |
1014 a header field, that whole field is hidden. | |
1015 | |
1016 @kindex t @r{(Rmail)} | |
1017 @findex rmail-toggle-header | |
1018 Rmail saves the complete original header before reformatting; to see | |
1019 it, use the @kbd{t} command (@code{rmail-toggle-header}). This | |
1020 discards the reformatted headers of the current message and displays it | |
1021 with the original header. Repeating @kbd{t} reformats the message | |
1022 again. Selecting the message again also reformats. | |
1023 | |
1024 One consequence of this is that if you edit the reformatted header | |
1025 (using @kbd{e}; @pxref{Rmail Editing}), subsequent use of @kbd{t} will | |
1026 discard your edits. On the other hand, if you use @kbd{e} after | |
1027 @kbd{t}, to edit the original (unreformatted) header, those changes are | |
1028 permanent. | |
1029 | |
1030 When the @kbd{t} command has a prefix argument, a positive argument | |
1031 means to show the reformatted header, and a zero or negative argument | |
1032 means to show the full header. | |
1033 | |
1034 @vindex rmail-highlighted-headers | |
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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1035 When the terminal supports multiple fonts or colors, Rmail |
25829 | 1036 highlights certain header fields that are especially interesting---by |
1037 default, the @samp{From} and @samp{Subject} fields. The variable | |
1038 @code{rmail-highlighted-headers} holds a regular expression that | |
36173
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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1039 specifies the header fields to highlight; if it matches the beginning |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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1040 of a header field, that whole field is highlighted. |
25829 | 1041 |
37577
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diff
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|
1042 If you specify unusual colors for your text foreground and |
8900b620b72c
rmail-save => rmail-expunge-and-save.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1043 background, the colors used for highlighting may not go well with |
8900b620b72c
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1044 them. If so, specify different colors for the face |
8900b620b72c
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1045 @code{rmail-highlight-face}. @xref{Faces}, for how to do this. To |
8900b620b72c
rmail-save => rmail-expunge-and-save.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1046 turn off highlighting entirely in Rmail, set |
25829 | 1047 @code{rmail-highlighted-headers} to @code{nil}. |
1048 | |
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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|
1049 You can highlight and activate URLs in incoming messages by adding |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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diff
changeset
|
1050 the function @code{goto-address} to the hook |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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|
1051 @code{rmail-show-message-hook}. Then you can browse these URLs by |
60435
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(Rmail Inbox): Move text from Remote Mailboxes that really belongs here.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
1052 clicking on them with @kbd{Mouse-2} (or @kbd{Mouse-1} quickly) or by |
b8d2ec2a15e7
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
1053 moving to one and typing @kbd{C-c @key{RET}}. @xref{Goto-address, |
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(Rmail Inbox): Move text from Remote Mailboxes that really belongs here.
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diff
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|
1054 Activating URLs, Activating URLs}. |
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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|
1055 |
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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|
1056 @node Rmail Coding |
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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|
1057 @section Rmail and Coding Systems |
28339 | 1058 |
35473
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(Rmail Display): Document rmail-redecode-body.
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|
1059 @cindex decoding mail messages (Rmail) |
52979
3649390c0f91
Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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|
1060 Rmail automatically decodes messages which contain non-@acronym{ASCII} |
38065
4f1705a63f02
Proofreading fixes from Tim Goodwin <tjg@star.le.ac.uk>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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|
1061 characters, just as Emacs does with files you visit and with subprocess |
4f1705a63f02
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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1062 output. Rmail uses the standard @samp{charset=@var{charset}} header in |
4f1705a63f02
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|
1063 the message, if any, to determine how the message was encoded by the |
4f1705a63f02
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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|
1064 sender. It maps @var{charset} into the corresponding Emacs coding |
4f1705a63f02
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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|
1065 system (@pxref{Coding Systems}), and uses that coding system to decode |
38868 | 1066 message text. If the message header doesn't have the @samp{charset} |
1067 specification, or if @var{charset} is not recognized, | |
38065
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1068 Rmail chooses the coding system with the usual Emacs heuristics and |
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|
1069 defaults (@pxref{Recognize Coding}). |
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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1070 |
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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|
1071 @cindex fixing incorrectly decoded mail messages |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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1072 Occasionally, a message is decoded incorrectly, either because Emacs |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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parents:
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|
1073 guessed the wrong coding system in the absence of the @samp{charset} |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1074 specification, or because the specification was inaccurate. For |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
1075 example, a misconfigured mailer could send a message with a |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1076 @samp{charset=iso-8859-1} header when the message is actually encoded |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1077 in @code{koi8-r}. When you see the message text garbled, or some of |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1078 its characters displayed as empty boxes, this may have happened. |
35473
6b9d1a2fb28b
(Rmail Display): Document rmail-redecode-body.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1079 |
6b9d1a2fb28b
(Rmail Display): Document rmail-redecode-body.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1080 @findex rmail-redecode-body |
36173
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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1081 You can correct the problem by decoding the message again using the |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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parents:
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|
1082 right coding system, if you can figure out or guess which one is |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1083 right. To do this, invoke the @kbd{M-x rmail-redecode-body} command. |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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parents:
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|
1084 It reads the name of a coding system, encodes the message body using |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1085 whichever coding system was used to decode it before, then redecodes |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1086 it using the coding system you specified. If you specified the right |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1087 coding system, the result should be readable. |
35473
6b9d1a2fb28b
(Rmail Display): Document rmail-redecode-body.
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parents:
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|
1088 |
36173
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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|
1089 Decoding and encoding using the wrong coding system is lossless for |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1090 most encodings, in particular with 8-bit encodings such as iso-8859 or |
35473
6b9d1a2fb28b
(Rmail Display): Document rmail-redecode-body.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1091 koi8. So, if the initial attempt to redecode the message didn't |
36173
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1092 result in a legible text, you can try other coding systems until you |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1093 succeed. |
35473
6b9d1a2fb28b
(Rmail Display): Document rmail-redecode-body.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1094 |
36173
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1095 With some coding systems, notably those from the iso-2022 family, |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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parents:
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diff
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|
1096 information can be lost in decoding, so that encoding the message |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1097 again won't bring back the original incoming text. In such a case, |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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parents:
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|
1098 @code{rmail-redecode-body} cannot work. However, the problems that |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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parents:
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diff
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|
1099 call for use of @code{rmail-redecode-body} rarely occur with those |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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parents:
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|
1100 coding systems. So in practice the command works when you need it. |
35473
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(Rmail Display): Document rmail-redecode-body.
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parents:
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|
1101 |
25829 | 1102 @node Rmail Editing |
1103 @section Editing Within a Message | |
1104 | |
1105 Most of the usual Emacs commands are available in Rmail mode, though a | |
1106 few, such as @kbd{C-M-n} and @kbd{C-M-h}, are redefined by Rmail for | |
1107 other purposes. However, the Rmail buffer is normally read only, and | |
1108 most of the letters are redefined as Rmail commands. If you want to | |
1109 edit the text of a message, you must use the Rmail command @kbd{e}. | |
1110 | |
1111 @table @kbd | |
1112 @item e | |
1113 Edit the current message as ordinary text. | |
1114 @end table | |
1115 | |
1116 @kindex e @r{(Rmail)} | |
1117 @findex rmail-edit-current-message | |
1118 The @kbd{e} command (@code{rmail-edit-current-message}) switches from | |
1119 Rmail mode into Rmail Edit mode, another major mode which is nearly the | |
1120 same as Text mode. The mode line indicates this change. | |
1121 | |
1122 In Rmail Edit mode, letters insert themselves as usual and the Rmail | |
1123 commands are not available. When you are finished editing the message and | |
1124 are ready to go back to Rmail, type @kbd{C-c C-c}, which switches back to | |
1125 Rmail mode. Alternatively, you can return to Rmail mode but cancel all the | |
1126 editing that you have done, by typing @kbd{C-c C-]}. | |
1127 | |
1128 @vindex rmail-edit-mode-hook | |
1129 Entering Rmail Edit mode runs the hook @code{text-mode-hook}; then it | |
1130 runs the hook @code{rmail-edit-mode-hook} (@pxref{Hooks}). It adds the | |
1131 attribute @samp{edited} to the message. It also displays the full | |
1132 headers of the message, so that you can edit the headers as well as the | |
36345
7f2b7440c534
(Rmail Editing): Remove doubled `the'.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1133 body of the message, and your changes in the headers will be |
25829 | 1134 permanent. |
1135 | |
1136 @node Rmail Digest | |
1137 @section Digest Messages | |
1138 @cindex digest message | |
1139 @cindex undigestify | |
1140 | |
1141 A @dfn{digest message} is a message which exists to contain and carry | |
1142 several other messages. Digests are used on some moderated mailing | |
1143 lists; all the messages that arrive for the list during a period of time | |
1144 such as one day are put inside a single digest which is then sent to the | |
1145 subscribers. Transmitting the single digest uses much less computer | |
1146 time than transmitting the individual messages even though the total | |
1147 size is the same, because the per-message overhead in network mail | |
1148 transmission is considerable. | |
1149 | |
1150 @findex undigestify-rmail-message | |
1151 When you receive a digest message, the most convenient way to read it is | |
1152 to @dfn{undigestify} it: to turn it back into many individual messages. | |
1153 Then you can read and delete the individual messages as it suits you. | |
44326 | 1154 To do this, select the digest message and type the command @kbd{M-x |
25829 | 1155 undigestify-rmail-message}. This extracts the submessages as separate |
1156 Rmail messages, and inserts them following the digest. The digest | |
1157 message itself is flagged as deleted. | |
1158 | |
1159 @node Out of Rmail | |
1160 @section Converting an Rmail File to Inbox Format | |
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1161 @cindex Babyl format to Inbox format |
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|
1162 @cindex converting Rmail file to mailbox format |
25829 | 1163 |
1164 @findex unrmail | |
1165 The command @kbd{M-x unrmail} converts a file in Rmail format to inbox | |
39303
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1166 format (also known as the system mailbox, or mbox, format), so that |
2fc0bb5d638f
(Out of Rmail): Document b2m.
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|
1167 you can use it with other mail-editing tools. You must specify two |
2fc0bb5d638f
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|
1168 arguments, the name of the Rmail file and the name to use for the |
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1169 converted file. @kbd{M-x unrmail} does not alter the Rmail file itself. |
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|
1170 |
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|
1171 @pindex b2m |
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1172 @kbd{M-x unrmail} is useful if you can run Emacs on the machine |
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|
1173 where the Rmail file resides, or can access the Rmail file remotely |
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|
1174 (@pxref{Remote Files}) from a machine where Emacs is installed. If |
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|
1175 accessing Rmail files from Emacs is impossible, you can use the |
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|
1176 @command{b2m} program instead. @command{b2m} is part of the Emacs |
2fc0bb5d638f
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|
1177 distribution, it is installed into the same directory where all the |
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|
1178 other auxiliary programs (@command{etags} etc.) are installed, and its |
2fc0bb5d638f
(Out of Rmail): Document b2m.
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|
1179 source is available in the Emacs source distribution, so that you |
2fc0bb5d638f
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|
1180 could copy the source to the target machine and compile it there. |
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|
1181 |
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|
1182 To convert a file @file{@var{babyl-file}} into @file{@var{mbox-file}}, |
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|
1183 invoke @command{b2m} like this: |
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|
1184 |
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|
1185 @example |
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1186 b2m < @var{babyl-file} > @var{mbox-file} |
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1187 @end example |
25829 | 1188 |
1189 @node Rmail Rot13 | |
1190 @section Reading Rot13 Messages | |
1191 @cindex rot13 code | |
1192 | |
1193 Mailing list messages that might offend some readers are sometimes | |
1194 encoded in a simple code called @dfn{rot13}---so named because it | |
1195 rotates the alphabet by 13 letters. This code is not for secrecy, as it | |
1196 provides none; rather, it enables those who might be offended to avoid | |
1197 ever seeing the real text of the message. | |
1198 | |
1199 @findex rot13-other-window | |
1200 To view a buffer using the rot13 code, use the command @kbd{M-x | |
1201 rot13-other-window}. This displays the current buffer in another window | |
1202 which applies the code when displaying the text. | |
1203 | |
1204 @node Movemail | |
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1205 @section @code{movemail} program |
25829 | 1206 @cindex @code{movemail} program |
1207 | |
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1208 When invoked for the first time, Rmail attempts to locate the |
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|
1209 @code{movemail} program and determine its version. There are two |
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1210 versions of @code{movemail} program: the native one, shipped with GNU |
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1211 Emacs (the ``emacs version'') and the one included in GNU mailutils |
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1212 (the ``mailutils version,'' @pxref{movemail,,,mailutils,GNU |
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|
1213 mailutils}). They support the same command line syntax and the same |
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(Rmail Inbox): Move text from Remote Mailboxes that really belongs here.
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|
1214 basic subset of options. However, the @samp{mailutils} version offers |
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1215 additional features. |
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1216 |
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|
1217 The Emacs version of @code{movemail} is able to retrieve mail from |
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1218 usual UNIX mailbox formats and from remote mailboxes using the POP3 |
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|
1219 protocol. |
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1220 |
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1221 The Mailutils version is able to handle a wide set of mailbox |
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1222 formats, such as plain UNIX mailboxes, @code{maildir} and @code{MH} |
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|
1223 mailboxes, etc. It is able to retrieve remote mail using POP3 or |
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1224 IMAP4 protocol, and can retrieve mail from them using a TLS encrypted |
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|
1225 channel. It also accepts mailbox argument in the @acronym{URL} form. |
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1226 The detailed description of mailbox @acronym{URL}s can be found in |
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|
1227 @ref{URL,,,mailutils,Mailbox URL Formats}. In short, a @acronym{URL} |
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|
1228 is: |
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1229 |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1230 @smallexample |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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1231 @var{proto}://[@var{user}[:@var{password}]@@]@var{host-or-file-name} |
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1232 @end smallexample |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1233 |
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|
1234 @noindent |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1235 where square brackets denote optional elements. |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1236 |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1237 @table @var |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1238 @item proto |
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|
1239 Specifies the @dfn{mailbox protocol}, or @dfn{format} to |
17c9e16e0207
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parents:
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|
1240 use. The exact semantics of the rest of @acronym{URL} elements depends |
17c9e16e0207
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parents:
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|
1241 on the actual value of @var{proto}. |
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|
1242 |
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|
1243 @item user |
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|
1244 User name to access the remote mailbox. |
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|
1245 |
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|
1246 @item password |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1247 User password to access the remote mailbox. |
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|
1248 |
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|
1249 @item host-or-file-name |
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|
1250 Hostname of the remote server for remote mailboxes or file name of a |
17c9e16e0207
Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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parents:
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|
1251 local mailbox. |
17c9e16e0207
Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1252 @end table |
17c9e16e0207
Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1253 |
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|
1254 @var{Proto} can be one of: |
17c9e16e0207
Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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parents:
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|
1255 |
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|
1256 @table @asis |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1257 @item mbox |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1258 Usual UNIX mailbox format. In this case, neither @var{user} nor |
17c9e16e0207
Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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parents:
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|
1259 @var{pass} are used, and @var{host-or-file-name} denotes the file name of |
17c9e16e0207
Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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parents:
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|
1260 the mailbox file, e.g., @code{mbox://var/spool/mail/smith}. |
17c9e16e0207
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|
1261 |
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|
1262 @item mh |
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|
1263 A local mailbox in the @acronym{MH} format. @var{User} and |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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parents:
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|
1264 @var{pass} are not used. @var{Host-or-file-name} denotes the name of |
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parents:
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|
1265 @acronym{MH} folder, e.g., @code{mh://Mail/inbox}. |
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|
1266 |
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|
1267 @item maildir |
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|
1268 A local mailbox in the @acronym{maildir} format. @var{User} and |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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parents:
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|
1269 @var{pass} are not used, and @var{host-or-file-name} denotes the name of |
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parents:
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|
1270 @code{maildir} mailbox, e.g., @code{maildir://mail/inbox}. |
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|
1271 |
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|
1272 @item file |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1273 Any local mailbox format. Its actual format is detected automatically |
17c9e16e0207
Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1274 by @code{movemail}. |
17c9e16e0207
Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1275 |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1276 @item pop |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1277 A remote mailbox to be accessed via POP3 protocol. @var{User} |
17c9e16e0207
Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1278 specifies the remote user name to use, @var{pass} may be used to |
17c9e16e0207
Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1279 specify the user password, @var{host-or-file-name} is the name or IP |
17c9e16e0207
Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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parents:
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|
1280 address of the remote mail server to connect to; e.g., |
17c9e16e0207
Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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parents:
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|
1281 @code{pop://smith:guessme@@remote.server.net}. |
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1282 |
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1283 @item imap |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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1284 A remote mailbox to be accessed via IMAP4 protocol. @var{User} |
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parents:
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1285 specifies the remote user name to use, @var{pass} may be used to |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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parents:
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|
1286 specify the user password, @var{host-or-file-name} is the name or IP |
17c9e16e0207
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parents:
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|
1287 address of the remote mail server to connect to; |
17c9e16e0207
Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1288 e.g., @code{imap://smith:guessme@@remote.server.net}. |
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|
1289 @end table |
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|
1290 |
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|
1291 Alternatively, you can specify the file name of the mailbox to use. |
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|
1292 This is equivalent to specifying the @samp{file} protocol: |
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|
1293 |
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|
1294 @smallexample |
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|
1295 /var/spool/mail/@var{user} @equiv{} file://var/spool/mail/@var{user} |
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|
1296 @end smallexample |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1297 |
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|
1298 @vindex rmail-movemail-program |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1299 @vindex rmail-movemail-search-path |
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|
1300 The variable @code{rmail-movemail-program} controls which version of |
b8d2ec2a15e7
(Rmail Inbox): Move text from Remote Mailboxes that really belongs here.
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|
1301 @code{movemail} to use. If that is a string, it specifies the |
b8d2ec2a15e7
(Rmail Inbox): Move text from Remote Mailboxes that really belongs here.
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|
1302 absolute file name of the @code{movemail} executable. If it is |
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(Rmail Inbox): Move text from Remote Mailboxes that really belongs here.
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parents:
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|
1303 @code{nil}, Rmail searches for @code{movemail} in the directories |
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(Rmail Inbox): Move text from Remote Mailboxes that really belongs here.
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|
1304 listed in @code{rmail-movemail-search-path} and @code{exec-path}, then |
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(Rmail Inbox): Move text from Remote Mailboxes that really belongs here.
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parents:
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|
1305 in @code{exec-directory}. |
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1306 |
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1307 @node Remote Mailboxes |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1308 @section Retrieving Mail from Remote Mailboxes |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1309 @pindex movemail |
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|
1310 |
25829 | 1311 Some sites use a method called POP for accessing users' inbox data |
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|
1312 instead of storing the data in inbox files. The @code{Emacs |
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1313 movemail} can work with POP if you compile it with the macro |
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1314 @code{MAIL_USE_POP} defined. (You can achieve that by specifying |
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1315 @samp{--with-pop} when you run @code{configure} during the |
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1316 installation of Emacs.) |
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1317 |
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1318 The @code{Mailutils movemail} by default supports POP, unless configured |
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1319 with @samp{--disable-pop} option. |
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1320 |
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1321 Both versions of @code{movemail} only work with POP3, not with older |
25829 | 1322 versions of POP. |
1323 | |
29107 | 1324 @cindex @env{MAILHOST} environment variable |
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1325 @cindex POP mailboxes |
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1326 No matter which flavor of @code{movemail} you use, you can specify |
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1327 POP inbox by using POP @dfn{URL} (@pxref{Movemail}). A POP |
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1328 @acronym{URL} is a ``file name'' of the form |
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1329 @samp{pop://@var{username}@@@var{hostname}}, where |
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1330 @var{hostname} is the host name or IP address of the remote mail |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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1331 server and @var{username} is the user name on that server. |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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1332 Additionally, you may specify the password in the mailbox @acronym{URL}: |
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1333 @samp{pop://@var{username}:@var{password}@@@var{hostname}}. In this |
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1334 case, @var{password} takes preference over the one set by |
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1335 @code{rmail-remote-password}. This is especially useful if you have |
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1336 several remote mailboxes with different passwords. |
25829 | 1337 |
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1338 For backward compatibility Rmail also supports two alternative ways |
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1339 of specifying remote POP mailboxes. Specifying inbox name in the form |
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1340 @samp{po:@var{username}:@var{hostname}} is equivalent to |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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1341 @samp{pop://@var{username}@@@var{hostname}}. Alternatively, you may set |
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1342 a ``file name'' of @samp{po:@var{username}} in the inbox list of an |
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1343 Rmail file. @code{Movemail} will handle such a name by opening a |
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1344 connection to the POP server. The @env{MAILHOST} environment variable |
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1345 will in this case specify the machine to look for the server on. |
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1346 |
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1347 @cindex IMAP mailboxes |
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1348 Another method for accessing remote mailboxes is IMAP. This method is |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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1349 supported only by the @code{mailutils movemail}. To specify an IMAP |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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1350 mailbox in the inbox list, use the following mailbox @acronym{URL}: |
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1351 @samp{imap://@var{username}[:@var{password}]@@@var{hostname}}. The |
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1352 @var{password} part is optional, as described above. |
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1353 |
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1354 @vindex rmail-remote-password |
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1355 @vindex rmail-remote-password-required |
25829 | 1356 @vindex rmail-pop-password |
1357 @vindex rmail-pop-password-required | |
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1358 Accessing a remote mailbox may require a password. Rmail uses the |
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1359 following algorithm to retrieve it: |
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1360 |
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1361 @enumerate |
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1362 @item |
59564 | 1363 If the @var{password} is present in mailbox URL (see above), it is |
1364 used. | |
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1365 @item |
59564 | 1366 If the variable @code{rmail-remote-password} is non-@code{nil}, its |
1367 value is used. | |
1368 @item | |
1369 Otherwise, if @code{rmail-remote-password-required} is non-@code{nil}, | |
1370 then Rmail will ask you for the password to use. | |
1371 @item | |
1372 Otherwise, Rmail assumes no password is required. | |
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1373 @end enumerate |
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1374 |
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1375 For compatibility with previous versions, @code{rmail-pop-password} |
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1376 and @code{rmail-pop-password-required} may be used instead of |
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1377 @code{rmail-remote-password} and @code{rmail-remote-password-required}. |
25829 | 1378 |
1379 @vindex rmail-movemail-flags | |
1380 If you need to pass additional command-line flags to @code{movemail}, | |
1381 set the variable @code{rmail-movemail-flags} a list of the flags you | |
1382 wish to use. Do not use this variable to pass the @samp{-p} flag to | |
1383 preserve your inbox contents; use @code{rmail-preserve-inbox} instead. | |
1384 | |
1385 @cindex Kerberos POP authentication | |
1386 The @code{movemail} program installed at your site may support | |
1387 Kerberos authentication. If it is | |
1388 supported, it is used by default whenever you attempt to retrieve | |
1389 POP mail when @code{rmail-pop-password} and | |
1390 @code{rmail-pop-password-required} are unset. | |
1391 | |
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1392 @cindex reverse order in POP inboxes |
25829 | 1393 Some POP servers store messages in reverse order. If your server does |
1394 this, and you would rather read your mail in the order in which it was | |
1395 received, you can tell @code{movemail} to reverse the order of | |
1396 downloaded messages by adding the @samp{-r} flag to | |
1397 @code{rmail-movemail-flags}. | |
52401 | 1398 |
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1399 @cindex TLS encryption (Rmail) |
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1400 @code{Mailutils movemail} supports TLS encryption. If you wish to |
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1401 use it, add the @samp{--tls} flag to @code{rmail-movemail-flags}. |
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1402 |
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1403 @node Other Mailbox Formats |
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1404 @section Retrieving Mail from Local Mailboxes in Various Formats |
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1405 |
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1406 If your incoming mail is stored on a local machine in a format other |
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1407 than UNIX mailbox, you will need the @code{mailutils movemail} to retrieve |
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1408 it. @xref{Movemail}, for the detailed description of @code{movemail} |
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1409 versions. |
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1410 |
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1411 For example, to retrieve mail from a @code{maildir} inbox located in |
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1412 @file{/var/spool/mail/in}, you would set the following in Rmail inbox list: |
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1413 |
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1414 @smallexample |
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1415 maildir://var/spool/mail/in |
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1416 @end smallexample |
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1417 |
52401 | 1418 @ignore |
1419 arch-tag: 034965f6-38df-47a2-a9f1-b8bc8ab37e23 | |
1420 @end ignore |