Mercurial > emacs
annotate man/rmail.texi @ 82694:5705b831299f
Move tutorials from etc/ to etc/tutorials/
author | Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org> |
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date | Wed, 22 Aug 2007 07:37:01 +0000 |
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25829 | 1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual. |
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2 @c Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, 2001, 2002, |
75348 | 3 @c 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
25829 | 4 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions. |
5 @node Rmail, Dired, Sending Mail, Top | |
6 @chapter Reading Mail with Rmail | |
7 @cindex Rmail | |
8 @cindex reading mail | |
9 @findex rmail | |
10 @findex rmail-mode | |
11 @vindex rmail-mode-hook | |
12 | |
68698 | 13 Rmail is an Emacs subsystem for reading and disposing of mail that |
14 you receive. Rmail stores mail messages in files called Rmail files | |
15 which use a special format. Reading the message in an Rmail file is | |
16 done in a special major mode, Rmail mode, which redefines most letters | |
17 to run commands for managing mail. | |
25829 | 18 @menu |
19 * Basic: Rmail Basics. Basic concepts of Rmail, and simple use. | |
20 * Scroll: Rmail Scrolling. Scrolling through a message. | |
21 * Motion: Rmail Motion. Moving to another message. | |
22 * Deletion: Rmail Deletion. Deleting and expunging messages. | |
23 * Inbox: Rmail Inbox. How mail gets into the Rmail file. | |
24 * Files: Rmail Files. Using multiple Rmail files. | |
25 * Output: Rmail Output. Copying message out to files. | |
26 * Labels: Rmail Labels. Classifying messages by labeling them. | |
27 * Attrs: Rmail Attributes. Certain standard labels, called attributes. | |
28 * Reply: Rmail Reply. Sending replies to messages you are viewing. | |
29 * Summary: Rmail Summary. Summaries show brief info on many messages. | |
30 * Sort: Rmail Sorting. Sorting messages in Rmail. | |
31 * Display: Rmail Display. How Rmail displays a message; customization. | |
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32 * Coding: Rmail Coding. How Rmail handles decoding character sets. |
25829 | 33 * Editing: Rmail Editing. Editing message text and headers in Rmail. |
34 * Digest: Rmail Digest. Extracting the messages from a digest message. | |
35 * Out of Rmail:: Converting an Rmail file to mailbox format. | |
36 * Rot13: Rmail Rot13. Reading messages encoded in the rot13 code. | |
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37 * Movemail:: More details of fetching new mail. |
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38 * Remote Mailboxes:: Retrieving Mail from Remote Mailboxes. |
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39 * Other Mailbox Formats:: Retrieving Mail from Local Mailboxes in |
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40 Various Formats |
25829 | 41 @end menu |
42 | |
43 @node Rmail Basics | |
44 @section Basic Concepts of Rmail | |
45 | |
46 @cindex primary Rmail file | |
47 @vindex rmail-file-name | |
48 Using Rmail in the simplest fashion, you have one Rmail file | |
49 @file{~/RMAIL} in which all of your mail is saved. It is called your | |
50 @dfn{primary Rmail file}. The command @kbd{M-x rmail} reads your primary | |
51 Rmail file, merges new mail in from your inboxes, displays the first | |
52 message you haven't read yet, and lets you begin reading. The variable | |
53 @code{rmail-file-name} specifies the name of the primary Rmail file. | |
54 | |
55 Rmail uses narrowing to hide all but one message in the Rmail file. | |
56 The message that is shown is called the @dfn{current message}. Rmail | |
57 mode's special commands can do such things as delete the current | |
58 message, copy it into another file, send a reply, or move to another | |
59 message. You can also create multiple Rmail files and use Rmail to move | |
60 messages between them. | |
61 | |
62 @cindex message number | |
63 Within the Rmail file, messages are normally arranged sequentially in | |
64 order of receipt; you can specify other ways to sort them. Messages are | |
68698 | 65 identified by consecutive integers which are their @dfn{message numbers}. |
66 The number of the current message is displayed in Rmail's mode line, | |
67 followed by the total number of messages in the file. You can move to | |
68 a message by specifying its message number with the @kbd{j} key | |
25829 | 69 (@pxref{Rmail Motion}). |
70 | |
71 @kindex s @r{(Rmail)} | |
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72 @findex rmail-expunge-and-save |
25829 | 73 Following the usual conventions of Emacs, changes in an Rmail file |
68698 | 74 become permanent only when you save the file. You can save it with |
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75 @kbd{s} (@code{rmail-expunge-and-save}), which also expunges deleted |
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76 messages from the file first (@pxref{Rmail Deletion}). To save the |
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77 file without expunging, use @kbd{C-x C-s}. Rmail also saves the Rmail |
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78 file after merging new mail from an inbox file (@pxref{Rmail Inbox}). |
25829 | 79 |
80 @kindex q @r{(Rmail)} | |
81 @findex rmail-quit | |
82 @kindex b @r{(Rmail)} | |
83 @findex rmail-bury | |
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84 You can exit Rmail with @kbd{q} (@code{rmail-quit}); this expunges |
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85 and saves the Rmail file, then buries the Rmail buffer as well as its |
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86 summary buffer, if present (@pxref{Rmail Summary}). But there is no |
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87 need to ``exit'' formally. If you switch from Rmail to editing in |
68698 | 88 other buffers, and never switch back, you have exited. Just make sure |
89 to save the Rmail file eventually (like any other file you have | |
90 changed). @kbd{C-x s} is a suitable way to do this (@pxref{Save | |
91 Commands}). The Rmail command @kbd{b}, @code{rmail-bury}, buries the | |
92 Rmail buffer and its summary buffer without expunging and saving the | |
93 Rmail file. | |
25829 | 94 |
95 @node Rmail Scrolling | |
96 @section Scrolling Within a Message | |
97 | |
98 When Rmail displays a message that does not fit on the screen, you | |
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99 must scroll through it to read the rest. You could do this with |
25829 | 100 @kbd{C-v}, @kbd{M-v} and @kbd{M-<}, but in Rmail scrolling is so |
68698 | 101 frequent that it deserves to be easier. |
25829 | 102 |
103 @table @kbd | |
104 @item @key{SPC} | |
105 Scroll forward (@code{scroll-up}). | |
106 @item @key{DEL} | |
107 Scroll backward (@code{scroll-down}). | |
108 @item . | |
109 Scroll to start of message (@code{rmail-beginning-of-message}). | |
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110 @item / |
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111 Scroll to end of message (@code{rmail-end-of-message}). |
25829 | 112 @end table |
113 | |
114 @kindex SPC @r{(Rmail)} | |
115 @kindex DEL @r{(Rmail)} | |
116 Since the most common thing to do while reading a message is to scroll | |
117 through it by screenfuls, Rmail makes @key{SPC} and @key{DEL} synonyms of | |
118 @kbd{C-v} (@code{scroll-up}) and @kbd{M-v} (@code{scroll-down}) | |
119 | |
120 @kindex . @r{(Rmail)} | |
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121 @kindex / @r{(Rmail)} |
25829 | 122 @findex rmail-beginning-of-message |
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123 @findex rmail-end-of-message |
25829 | 124 The command @kbd{.} (@code{rmail-beginning-of-message}) scrolls back to the |
125 beginning of the selected message. This is not quite the same as @kbd{M-<}: | |
126 for one thing, it does not set the mark; for another, it resets the buffer | |
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127 boundaries to the current message if you have changed them. Similarly, |
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128 the command @kbd{/} (@code{rmail-end-of-message}) scrolls forward to the end |
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129 of the selected message. |
25829 | 130 |
131 @node Rmail Motion | |
132 @section Moving Among Messages | |
133 | |
134 The most basic thing to do with a message is to read it. The way to | |
135 do this in Rmail is to make the message current. The usual practice is | |
136 to move sequentially through the file, since this is the order of | |
137 receipt of messages. When you enter Rmail, you are positioned at the | |
138 first message that you have not yet made current (that is, the first one | |
139 that has the @samp{unseen} attribute; @pxref{Rmail Attributes}). Move | |
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140 forward to see the other new messages; move backward to re-examine old |
25829 | 141 messages. |
142 | |
143 @table @kbd | |
144 @item n | |
145 Move to the next nondeleted message, skipping any intervening deleted | |
146 messages (@code{rmail-next-undeleted-message}). | |
147 @item p | |
148 Move to the previous nondeleted message | |
149 (@code{rmail-previous-undeleted-message}). | |
150 @item M-n | |
151 Move to the next message, including deleted messages | |
152 (@code{rmail-next-message}). | |
153 @item M-p | |
154 Move to the previous message, including deleted messages | |
155 (@code{rmail-previous-message}). | |
156 @item j | |
157 Move to the first message. With argument @var{n}, move to | |
158 message number @var{n} (@code{rmail-show-message}). | |
159 @item > | |
160 Move to the last message (@code{rmail-last-message}). | |
161 @item < | |
162 Move to the first message (@code{rmail-first-message}). | |
163 | |
164 @item M-s @var{regexp} @key{RET} | |
165 Move to the next message containing a match for @var{regexp} | |
166 (@code{rmail-search}). | |
167 | |
168 @item - M-s @var{regexp} @key{RET} | |
169 Move to the previous message containing a match for @var{regexp}. | |
170 @end table | |
171 | |
172 @kindex n @r{(Rmail)} | |
173 @kindex p @r{(Rmail)} | |
174 @kindex M-n @r{(Rmail)} | |
175 @kindex M-p @r{(Rmail)} | |
176 @findex rmail-next-undeleted-message | |
177 @findex rmail-previous-undeleted-message | |
178 @findex rmail-next-message | |
179 @findex rmail-previous-message | |
180 @kbd{n} and @kbd{p} are the usual way of moving among messages in | |
181 Rmail. They move through the messages sequentially, but skip over | |
182 deleted messages, which is usually what you want to do. Their command | |
183 definitions are named @code{rmail-next-undeleted-message} and | |
184 @code{rmail-previous-undeleted-message}. If you do not want to skip | |
185 deleted messages---for example, if you want to move to a message to | |
186 undelete it---use the variants @kbd{M-n} and @kbd{M-p} | |
187 (@code{rmail-next-message} and @code{rmail-previous-message}). A | |
188 numeric argument to any of these commands serves as a repeat | |
68698 | 189 count. |
25829 | 190 |
191 In Rmail, you can specify a numeric argument by typing just the | |
192 digits. You don't need to type @kbd{C-u} first. | |
193 | |
194 @kindex M-s @r{(Rmail)} | |
195 @findex rmail-search | |
196 @cindex searching in Rmail | |
197 The @kbd{M-s} (@code{rmail-search}) command is Rmail's version of | |
198 search. The usual incremental search command @kbd{C-s} works in Rmail, | |
199 but it searches only within the current message. The purpose of | |
200 @kbd{M-s} is to search for another message. It reads a regular | |
201 expression (@pxref{Regexps}) nonincrementally, then searches starting at | |
202 the beginning of the following message for a match. It then selects | |
203 that message. If @var{regexp} is empty, @kbd{M-s} reuses the regexp | |
204 used the previous time. | |
205 | |
206 To search backward in the file for another message, give @kbd{M-s} a | |
207 negative argument. In Rmail you can do this with @kbd{- M-s}. | |
208 | |
209 It is also possible to search for a message based on labels. | |
210 @xref{Rmail Labels}. | |
211 | |
212 @kindex j @r{(Rmail)} | |
213 @kindex > @r{(Rmail)} | |
214 @kindex < @r{(Rmail)} | |
215 @findex rmail-show-message | |
216 @findex rmail-last-message | |
217 @findex rmail-first-message | |
218 To move to a message specified by absolute message number, use @kbd{j} | |
219 (@code{rmail-show-message}) with the message number as argument. With | |
220 no argument, @kbd{j} selects the first message. @kbd{<} | |
221 (@code{rmail-first-message}) also selects the first message. @kbd{>} | |
222 (@code{rmail-last-message}) selects the last message. | |
223 | |
224 @node Rmail Deletion | |
225 @section Deleting Messages | |
226 | |
227 @cindex deletion (Rmail) | |
228 When you no longer need to keep a message, you can @dfn{delete} it. This | |
229 flags it as ignorable, and some Rmail commands pretend it is no longer | |
230 present; but it still has its place in the Rmail file, and still has its | |
231 message number. | |
232 | |
233 @cindex expunging (Rmail) | |
234 @dfn{Expunging} the Rmail file actually removes the deleted messages. | |
235 The remaining messages are renumbered consecutively. Expunging is the only | |
236 action that changes the message number of any message, except for | |
237 undigestifying (@pxref{Rmail Digest}). | |
238 | |
239 @table @kbd | |
240 @item d | |
241 Delete the current message, and move to the next nondeleted message | |
242 (@code{rmail-delete-forward}). | |
243 @item C-d | |
244 Delete the current message, and move to the previous nondeleted | |
245 message (@code{rmail-delete-backward}). | |
246 @item u | |
247 Undelete the current message, or move back to a deleted message and | |
248 undelete it (@code{rmail-undelete-previous-message}). | |
249 @item x | |
250 Expunge the Rmail file (@code{rmail-expunge}). | |
251 @end table | |
252 | |
253 @kindex d @r{(Rmail)} | |
254 @kindex C-d @r{(Rmail)} | |
255 @findex rmail-delete-forward | |
256 @findex rmail-delete-backward | |
257 There are two Rmail commands for deleting messages. Both delete the | |
258 current message and select another message. @kbd{d} | |
259 (@code{rmail-delete-forward}) moves to the following message, skipping | |
260 messages already deleted, while @kbd{C-d} (@code{rmail-delete-backward}) | |
261 moves to the previous nondeleted message. If there is no nondeleted | |
262 message to move to in the specified direction, the message that was just | |
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263 deleted remains current. @kbd{d} with a numeric argument is |
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264 equivalent to @kbd{C-d}. |
25829 | 265 |
266 @vindex rmail-delete-message-hook | |
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267 Whenever Rmail deletes a message, it runs the hook |
25829 | 268 @code{rmail-delete-message-hook}. When the hook functions are invoked, |
269 the message has been marked deleted, but it is still the current message | |
270 in the Rmail buffer. | |
271 | |
272 @cindex undeletion (Rmail) | |
273 @kindex x @r{(Rmail)} | |
274 @findex rmail-expunge | |
275 @kindex u @r{(Rmail)} | |
276 @findex rmail-undelete-previous-message | |
277 To make all the deleted messages finally vanish from the Rmail file, | |
278 type @kbd{x} (@code{rmail-expunge}). Until you do this, you can still | |
279 @dfn{undelete} the deleted messages. The undeletion command, @kbd{u} | |
280 (@code{rmail-undelete-previous-message}), is designed to cancel the | |
281 effect of a @kbd{d} command in most cases. It undeletes the current | |
282 message if the current message is deleted. Otherwise it moves backward | |
283 to previous messages until a deleted message is found, and undeletes | |
284 that message. | |
285 | |
286 You can usually undo a @kbd{d} with a @kbd{u} because the @kbd{u} | |
287 moves back to and undeletes the message that the @kbd{d} deleted. But | |
288 this does not work when the @kbd{d} skips a few already-deleted messages | |
289 that follow the message being deleted; then the @kbd{u} command | |
290 undeletes the last of the messages that were skipped. There is no clean | |
291 way to avoid this problem. However, by repeating the @kbd{u} command, | |
292 you can eventually get back to the message that you intend to | |
293 undelete. You can also select a particular deleted message with | |
294 the @kbd{M-p} command, then type @kbd{u} to undelete it. | |
295 | |
296 A deleted message has the @samp{deleted} attribute, and as a result | |
297 @samp{deleted} appears in the mode line when the current message is | |
298 deleted. In fact, deleting or undeleting a message is nothing more than | |
299 adding or removing this attribute. @xref{Rmail Attributes}. | |
300 | |
301 @node Rmail Inbox | |
302 @section Rmail Files and Inboxes | |
303 @cindex inbox file | |
304 | |
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305 When you receive mail locally, the operating system places incoming |
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306 mail for you in a file that we call your @dfn{inbox}. When you start |
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307 up Rmail, it runs a C program called @code{movemail} to copy the new |
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308 messages from your local inbox into your primary Rmail file, which |
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309 also contains other messages saved from previous Rmail sessions. It |
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310 is in this file that you actually read the mail with Rmail. This |
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311 operation is called @dfn{getting new mail}. You can get new mail at |
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312 any time in Rmail by typing @kbd{g}. |
25829 | 313 |
314 @vindex rmail-primary-inbox-list | |
29107 | 315 @cindex @env{MAIL} environment variable |
25829 | 316 The variable @code{rmail-primary-inbox-list} contains a list of the |
317 files which are inboxes for your primary Rmail file. If you don't set | |
29107 | 318 this variable explicitly, it is initialized from the @env{MAIL} |
25829 | 319 environment variable, or, as a last resort, set to @code{nil}, which |
68698 | 320 means to use the default inbox. The default inbox file depends on |
321 your operating system; often it is @file{/var/mail/@var{username}}, | |
322 @file{/usr/spool/mail/@var{username}}, or | |
323 @file{/usr/mail/@var{username}}. | |
25829 | 324 |
68698 | 325 You can specify the inbox file(s) for any Rmail file with the |
326 command @code{set-rmail-inbox-list}; see @ref{Rmail Files}. | |
25829 | 327 |
328 There are two reasons for having separate Rmail files and inboxes. | |
329 | |
330 @enumerate | |
331 @item | |
332 The inbox file format varies between operating systems and according to | |
333 the other mail software in use. Only one part of Rmail needs to know | |
334 about the alternatives, and it need only understand how to convert all | |
335 of them to Rmail's own format. | |
336 | |
337 @item | |
338 It is very cumbersome to access an inbox file without danger of losing | |
339 mail, because it is necessary to interlock with mail delivery. | |
340 Moreover, different operating systems use different interlocking | |
341 techniques. The strategy of moving mail out of the inbox once and for | |
342 all into a separate Rmail file avoids the need for interlocking in all | |
343 the rest of Rmail, since only Rmail operates on the Rmail file. | |
344 @end enumerate | |
345 | |
346 Rmail was written to use Babyl format as its internal format. Since | |
347 then, we have recognized that the usual inbox format on Unix and GNU | |
348 systems is adequate for the job, and we plan to change Rmail to use that | |
349 as its internal format. However, the Rmail file will still be separate | |
68698 | 350 from the inbox file, even when their format is the same. |
25829 | 351 |
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352 @vindex rmail-preserve-inbox |
68698 | 353 When getting new mail, Rmail first copies the new mail from the |
354 inbox file to the Rmail file; then it saves the Rmail file; then it | |
355 clears out the inbox file. This way, a system crash may cause | |
356 duplication of mail between the inbox and the Rmail file, but cannot | |
357 lose mail. If @code{rmail-preserve-inbox} is non-@code{nil}, then | |
358 Rmail does not clear out the inbox file when it gets new mail. You | |
359 may wish to set this, for example, on a portable computer you use to | |
360 check your mail via POP while traveling, so that your mail will remain | |
361 on the server and you can save it later on your workstation. | |
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362 |
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363 In some cases, Rmail copies the new mail from the inbox file |
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364 indirectly. First it runs the @code{movemail} program to move the mail |
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365 from the inbox to an intermediate file called |
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366 @file{~/.newmail-@var{inboxname}}. Then Rmail merges the new mail from |
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367 that file, saves the Rmail file, and only then deletes the intermediate |
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368 file. If there is a crash at the wrong time, this file continues to |
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369 exist, and Rmail will use it again the next time it gets new mail from |
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370 that inbox. |
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371 |
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372 If Rmail is unable to convert the data in |
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373 @file{~/.newmail-@var{inboxname}} into Babyl format, it renames the file |
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374 to @file{~/RMAILOSE.@var{n}} (@var{n} is an integer chosen to make the |
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375 name unique) so that Rmail will not have trouble with the data again. |
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376 You should look at the file, find whatever message confuses Rmail |
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377 (probably one that includes the control-underscore character, octal code |
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378 037), and delete it. Then you can use @kbd{1 g} to get new mail from |
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379 the corrected file. |
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380 |
25829 | 381 @node Rmail Files |
382 @section Multiple Rmail Files | |
383 | |
384 Rmail operates by default on your @dfn{primary Rmail file}, which is named | |
385 @file{~/RMAIL} and receives your incoming mail from your system inbox file. | |
386 But you can also have other Rmail files and edit them with Rmail. These | |
387 files can receive mail through their own inboxes, or you can move messages | |
388 into them with explicit Rmail commands (@pxref{Rmail Output}). | |
389 | |
390 @table @kbd | |
391 @item i @var{file} @key{RET} | |
392 Read @var{file} into Emacs and run Rmail on it (@code{rmail-input}). | |
393 | |
394 @item M-x set-rmail-inbox-list @key{RET} @var{files} @key{RET} | |
395 Specify inbox file names for current Rmail file to get mail from. | |
396 | |
397 @item g | |
398 Merge new mail from current Rmail file's inboxes | |
399 (@code{rmail-get-new-mail}). | |
400 | |
401 @item C-u g @var{file} @key{RET} | |
402 Merge new mail from inbox file @var{file}. | |
403 @end table | |
404 | |
405 @kindex i @r{(Rmail)} | |
406 @findex rmail-input | |
68698 | 407 To run Rmail on a file other than your primary Rmail file, you can use |
25829 | 408 the @kbd{i} (@code{rmail-input}) command in Rmail. This visits the file |
409 in Rmail mode. You can use @kbd{M-x rmail-input} even when not in | |
68698 | 410 Rmail, but it is easier to type @kbd{C-u M-x rmail}, which does the |
411 same thing. | |
25829 | 412 |
413 The file you read with @kbd{i} should normally be a valid Rmail file. | |
414 If it is not, Rmail tries to decompose it into a stream of messages in | |
415 various known formats. If it succeeds, it converts the whole file to an | |
416 Rmail file. If you specify a file name that doesn't exist, @kbd{i} | |
417 initializes a new buffer for creating a new Rmail file. | |
418 | |
419 @vindex rmail-secondary-file-directory | |
420 @vindex rmail-secondary-file-regexp | |
68698 | 421 You can also select an Rmail file from a menu. In the Classify menu, |
422 choose the Input Rmail File item; then choose the Rmail file you want. | |
423 The variables @code{rmail-secondary-file-directory} and | |
25829 | 424 @code{rmail-secondary-file-regexp} specify which files to offer in the |
425 menu: the first variable says which directory to find them in; the | |
68698 | 426 second says which files in that directory to offer (all those that |
427 match the regular expression). These variables also apply to choosing | |
428 a file for output (@pxref{Rmail Output}). | |
25829 | 429 |
430 @findex set-rmail-inbox-list | |
431 Each Rmail file can contain a list of inbox file names; you can specify | |
432 this list with @kbd{M-x set-rmail-inbox-list @key{RET} @var{files} | |
433 @key{RET}}. The argument can contain any number of file names, separated | |
434 by commas. It can also be empty, which specifies that this file should | |
68698 | 435 have no inboxes. Once you specify a list of inboxes in an Rmail file, |
436 the Rmail file remembers it permanently until you specify a different list. | |
25829 | 437 |
438 As a special exception, if your primary Rmail file does not specify any | |
439 inbox files, it uses your standard system inbox. | |
440 | |
441 @kindex g @r{(Rmail)} | |
442 @findex rmail-get-new-mail | |
443 The @kbd{g} command (@code{rmail-get-new-mail}) merges mail into the | |
68698 | 444 current Rmail file from its inboxes. If the Rmail file has no |
445 inboxes, @kbd{g} does nothing. The command @kbd{M-x rmail} also | |
446 merges new mail into your primary Rmail file. | |
25829 | 447 |
448 To merge mail from a file that is not the usual inbox, give the | |
449 @kbd{g} key a numeric argument, as in @kbd{C-u g}. Then it reads a file | |
450 name and merges mail from that file. The inbox file is not deleted or | |
451 changed in any way when @kbd{g} with an argument is used. This is, | |
452 therefore, a general way of merging one file of messages into another. | |
453 | |
454 @node Rmail Output | |
455 @section Copying Messages Out to Files | |
456 | |
457 These commands copy messages from an Rmail file into another file. | |
458 | |
459 @table @kbd | |
460 @item o @var{file} @key{RET} | |
461 Append a copy of the current message to the file @var{file}, using Rmail | |
462 file format by default (@code{rmail-output-to-rmail-file}). | |
463 | |
464 @item C-o @var{file} @key{RET} | |
465 Append a copy of the current message to the file @var{file}, using | |
466 system inbox file format by default (@code{rmail-output}). | |
467 | |
468 @item w @var{file} @key{RET} | |
469 Output just the message body to the file @var{file}, taking the default | |
470 file name from the message @samp{Subject} header. | |
471 @end table | |
472 | |
473 @kindex o @r{(Rmail)} | |
474 @findex rmail-output-to-rmail-file | |
475 @kindex C-o @r{(Rmail)} | |
476 @findex rmail-output | |
477 The commands @kbd{o} and @kbd{C-o} copy the current message into a | |
478 specified file. This file may be an Rmail file or it may be in system | |
479 inbox format; the output commands ascertain the file's format and write | |
480 the copied message in that format. | |
481 | |
482 The @kbd{o} and @kbd{C-o} commands differ in two ways: each has its | |
483 own separate default file name, and each specifies a choice of format to | |
484 use when the file does not already exist. The @kbd{o} command uses | |
485 Rmail format when it creates a new file, while @kbd{C-o} uses system | |
486 inbox format for a new file. The default file name for @kbd{o} is the | |
487 file name used last with @kbd{o}, and the default file name for | |
488 @kbd{C-o} is the file name used last with @kbd{C-o}. | |
489 | |
490 If the output file is an Rmail file currently visited in an Emacs buffer, | |
491 the output commands copy the message into that buffer. It is up to you | |
492 to save the buffer eventually in its file. | |
493 | |
494 @kindex w @r{(Rmail)} | |
495 @findex rmail-output-body-to-file | |
496 Sometimes you may receive a message whose body holds the contents of a | |
497 file. You can save the body to a file (excluding the message header) | |
498 with the @kbd{w} command (@code{rmail-output-body-to-file}). Often | |
499 these messages contain the intended file name in the @samp{Subject} | |
500 field, so the @kbd{w} command uses the @samp{Subject} field as the | |
501 default for the output file name. However, the file name is read using | |
502 the minibuffer, so you can specify a different name if you wish. | |
503 | |
504 You can also output a message to an Rmail file chosen with a menu. | |
68698 | 505 In the Classify menu, choose the Output Rmail File menu item; then |
506 choose the Rmail file you want. This outputs the current message to | |
507 that file, like the @kbd{o} command. The variables | |
508 @code{rmail-secondary-file-directory} and | |
25829 | 509 @code{rmail-secondary-file-regexp} specify which files to offer in the |
510 menu: the first variable says which directory to find them in; the | |
68698 | 511 second says which files in that directory to offer (all those that |
512 match the regular expression). | |
25829 | 513 |
514 @vindex rmail-delete-after-output | |
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515 Copying a message with @kbd{o} or @kbd{C-o} gives the original copy |
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516 of the message the @samp{filed} attribute, so that @samp{filed} |
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517 appears in the mode line when such a message is current. @kbd{w} |
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518 gives it the @samp{stored} attribute. If you like to keep just a |
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519 single copy of every mail message, set the variable |
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520 @code{rmail-delete-after-output} to @code{t}; then the @kbd{o}, |
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521 @kbd{C-o} and @kbd{w} commands delete the original message after |
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522 copying it. (You can undelete the original afterward if you wish.) |
25829 | 523 |
524 Copying messages into files in system inbox format uses the header | |
525 fields that are displayed in Rmail at the time. Thus, if you use the | |
526 @kbd{t} command to view the entire header and then copy the message, the | |
527 entire header is copied. @xref{Rmail Display}. | |
528 | |
529 @vindex rmail-output-file-alist | |
530 The variable @code{rmail-output-file-alist} lets you specify | |
531 intelligent defaults for the output file, based on the contents of the | |
532 current message. The value should be a list whose elements have this | |
533 form: | |
534 | |
535 @example | |
536 (@var{regexp} . @var{name-exp}) | |
537 @end example | |
538 | |
539 @noindent | |
540 If there's a match for @var{regexp} in the current message, then the | |
541 default file name for output is @var{name-exp}. If multiple elements | |
542 match the message, the first matching element decides the default file | |
543 name. The subexpression @var{name-exp} may be a string constant giving | |
544 the file name to use, or more generally it may be any Lisp expression | |
545 that returns a file name as a string. @code{rmail-output-file-alist} | |
546 applies to both @kbd{o} and @kbd{C-o}. | |
547 | |
548 @node Rmail Labels | |
549 @section Labels | |
550 @cindex label (Rmail) | |
551 @cindex attribute (Rmail) | |
552 | |
553 Each message can have various @dfn{labels} assigned to it as a means | |
554 of classification. Each label has a name; different names are different | |
555 labels. Any given label is either present or absent on a particular | |
556 message. A few label names have standard meanings and are given to | |
557 messages automatically by Rmail when appropriate; these special labels | |
558 are called @dfn{attributes}. | |
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559 @ifnottex |
25829 | 560 (@xref{Rmail Attributes}.) |
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561 @end ifnottex |
25829 | 562 All other labels are assigned only by users. |
563 | |
564 @table @kbd | |
565 @item a @var{label} @key{RET} | |
566 Assign the label @var{label} to the current message (@code{rmail-add-label}). | |
567 @item k @var{label} @key{RET} | |
568 Remove the label @var{label} from the current message (@code{rmail-kill-label}). | |
569 @item C-M-n @var{labels} @key{RET} | |
570 Move to the next message that has one of the labels @var{labels} | |
571 (@code{rmail-next-labeled-message}). | |
572 @item C-M-p @var{labels} @key{RET} | |
573 Move to the previous message that has one of the labels @var{labels} | |
574 (@code{rmail-previous-labeled-message}). | |
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575 @item l @var{labels} @key{RET} |
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576 @itemx C-M-l @var{labels} @key{RET} |
25829 | 577 Make a summary of all messages containing any of the labels @var{labels} |
578 (@code{rmail-summary-by-labels}). | |
579 @end table | |
580 | |
581 @kindex a @r{(Rmail)} | |
582 @kindex k @r{(Rmail)} | |
583 @findex rmail-add-label | |
584 @findex rmail-kill-label | |
585 The @kbd{a} (@code{rmail-add-label}) and @kbd{k} | |
586 (@code{rmail-kill-label}) commands allow you to assign or remove any | |
587 label on the current message. If the @var{label} argument is empty, it | |
588 means to assign or remove the same label most recently assigned or | |
589 removed. | |
590 | |
591 Once you have given messages labels to classify them as you wish, there | |
592 are two ways to use the labels: in moving and in summaries. | |
593 | |
594 @kindex C-M-n @r{(Rmail)} | |
595 @kindex C-M-p @r{(Rmail)} | |
596 @findex rmail-next-labeled-message | |
597 @findex rmail-previous-labeled-message | |
598 The command @kbd{C-M-n @var{labels} @key{RET}} | |
599 (@code{rmail-next-labeled-message}) moves to the next message that has | |
600 one of the labels @var{labels}. The argument @var{labels} specifies one | |
601 or more label names, separated by commas. @kbd{C-M-p} | |
602 (@code{rmail-previous-labeled-message}) is similar, but moves backwards | |
603 to previous messages. A numeric argument to either command serves as a | |
604 repeat count. | |
605 | |
606 The command @kbd{C-M-l @var{labels} @key{RET}} | |
607 (@code{rmail-summary-by-labels}) displays a summary containing only the | |
608 messages that have at least one of a specified set of labels. The | |
609 argument @var{labels} is one or more label names, separated by commas. | |
68698 | 610 @xref{Rmail Summary}, for information on summaries. |
25829 | 611 |
612 If the @var{labels} argument to @kbd{C-M-n}, @kbd{C-M-p} or | |
613 @kbd{C-M-l} is empty, it means to use the last set of labels specified | |
614 for any of these commands. | |
615 | |
616 @node Rmail Attributes | |
617 @section Rmail Attributes | |
618 | |
619 Some labels such as @samp{deleted} and @samp{filed} have built-in | |
68698 | 620 meanings, and Rmail assigns them to messages automatically at |
621 appropriate times; these labels are called @dfn{attributes}. Here is | |
622 a list of Rmail attributes: | |
25829 | 623 |
624 @table @samp | |
625 @item unseen | |
626 Means the message has never been current. Assigned to messages when | |
627 they come from an inbox file, and removed when a message is made | |
628 current. When you start Rmail, it initially shows the first message | |
629 that has this attribute. | |
630 @item deleted | |
631 Means the message is deleted. Assigned by deletion commands and | |
632 removed by undeletion commands (@pxref{Rmail Deletion}). | |
633 @item filed | |
634 Means the message has been copied to some other file. Assigned by the | |
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635 @kbd{o} and @kbd{C-o} file output commands (@pxref{Rmail Output}). |
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636 @item stored |
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637 Assigned by the @kbd{w} file output command (@pxref{Rmail Output}). |
25829 | 638 @item answered |
639 Means you have mailed an answer to the message. Assigned by the @kbd{r} | |
640 command (@code{rmail-reply}). @xref{Rmail Reply}. | |
641 @item forwarded | |
642 Means you have forwarded the message. Assigned by the @kbd{f} command | |
643 (@code{rmail-forward}). @xref{Rmail Reply}. | |
644 @item edited | |
645 Means you have edited the text of the message within Rmail. | |
646 @xref{Rmail Editing}. | |
647 @item resent | |
648 Means you have resent the message. Assigned by the command @kbd{M-x | |
649 rmail-resend}. @xref{Rmail Reply}. | |
650 @end table | |
651 | |
68698 | 652 All other labels are assigned or removed only by users, and have no |
25829 | 653 standard meaning. |
654 | |
655 @node Rmail Reply | |
656 @section Sending Replies | |
657 | |
658 Rmail has several commands that use Mail mode to send outgoing mail. | |
659 @xref{Sending Mail}, for information on using Mail mode, including | |
660 certain features meant to work with Rmail. What this section documents | |
661 are the special commands of Rmail for entering Mail mode. Note that the | |
662 usual keys for sending mail---@kbd{C-x m}, @kbd{C-x 4 m}, and @kbd{C-x 5 | |
68698 | 663 m}---also work normally in Rmail mode. |
25829 | 664 |
665 @table @kbd | |
666 @item m | |
667 Send a message (@code{rmail-mail}). | |
668 @item c | |
669 Continue editing the already started outgoing message (@code{rmail-continue}). | |
670 @item r | |
671 Send a reply to the current Rmail message (@code{rmail-reply}). | |
672 @item f | |
673 Forward the current message to other users (@code{rmail-forward}). | |
674 @item C-u f | |
675 Resend the current message to other users (@code{rmail-resend}). | |
676 @item M-m | |
677 Try sending a bounced message a second time (@code{rmail-retry-failure}). | |
678 @end table | |
679 | |
680 @kindex r @r{(Rmail)} | |
681 @findex rmail-reply | |
682 @cindex reply to a message | |
68698 | 683 The most common reason to send a message while in Rmail is to reply |
684 to the message you are reading. To do this, type @kbd{r} | |
685 (@code{rmail-reply}). This displays the @samp{*mail*} buffer in | |
686 another window, much like @kbd{C-x 4 m}, but preinitializes the | |
687 @samp{Subject}, @samp{To}, @samp{CC}, @samp{In-reply-to} and | |
688 @samp{References} header fields based on the message you are replying | |
689 to. The @samp{To} field starts out as the address of the person who | |
690 sent the message you received, and the @samp{CC} field starts out with | |
691 all the other recipients of that message. | |
25829 | 692 |
693 @vindex rmail-dont-reply-to-names | |
694 You can exclude certain recipients from being placed automatically in | |
695 the @samp{CC}, using the variable @code{rmail-dont-reply-to-names}. Its | |
696 value should be a regular expression (as a string); any recipient that | |
697 the regular expression matches, is excluded from the @samp{CC} field. | |
698 The default value matches your own name, and any name starting with | |
699 @samp{info-}. (Those names are excluded because there is a convention | |
700 of using them for large mailing lists to broadcast announcements.) | |
701 | |
702 To omit the @samp{CC} field completely for a particular reply, enter | |
703 the reply command with a numeric argument: @kbd{C-u r} or @kbd{1 r}. | |
68698 | 704 This means to reply only to the sender of the original message. |
25829 | 705 |
706 Once the @samp{*mail*} buffer has been initialized, editing and | |
707 sending the mail goes as usual (@pxref{Sending Mail}). You can edit the | |
68698 | 708 presupplied header fields if they are not what you want. You can also |
25829 | 709 use the commands of Mail mode (@pxref{Mail Mode}), including @kbd{C-c |
710 C-y} which yanks in the message that you are replying to. You can | |
68698 | 711 also switch to the Rmail buffer, select a different message there, switch |
25829 | 712 back, and yank the new current message. |
713 | |
714 @kindex M-m @r{(Rmail)} | |
715 @findex rmail-retry-failure | |
716 @cindex retrying a failed message | |
717 @vindex rmail-retry-ignored-headers | |
718 Sometimes a message does not reach its destination. Mailers usually | |
719 send the failed message back to you, enclosed in a @dfn{failure | |
720 message}. The Rmail command @kbd{M-m} (@code{rmail-retry-failure}) | |
721 prepares to send the same message a second time: it sets up a | |
722 @samp{*mail*} buffer with the same text and header fields as before. If | |
723 you type @kbd{C-c C-c} right away, you send the message again exactly | |
724 the same as the first time. Alternatively, you can edit the text or | |
725 headers and then send it. The variable | |
726 @code{rmail-retry-ignored-headers}, in the same format as | |
727 @code{rmail-ignored-headers} (@pxref{Rmail Display}), controls which | |
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728 headers are stripped from the failed message when retrying it. |
25829 | 729 |
730 @kindex f @r{(Rmail)} | |
731 @findex rmail-forward | |
732 @cindex forwarding a message | |
733 Another frequent reason to send mail in Rmail is to @dfn{forward} the | |
734 current message to other users. @kbd{f} (@code{rmail-forward}) makes | |
735 this easy by preinitializing the @samp{*mail*} buffer with the current | |
736 message as the text, and a subject designating a forwarded message. All | |
737 you have to do is fill in the recipients and send. When you forward a | |
738 message, recipients get a message which is ``from'' you, and which has | |
739 the original message in its contents. | |
740 | |
741 @findex unforward-rmail-message | |
742 Forwarding a message encloses it between two delimiter lines. It also | |
743 modifies every line that starts with a dash, by inserting @w{@samp{- }} | |
744 at the start of the line. When you receive a forwarded message, if it | |
745 contains something besides ordinary text---for example, program source | |
746 code---you might find it useful to undo that transformation. You can do | |
747 this by selecting the forwarded message and typing @kbd{M-x | |
748 unforward-rmail-message}. This command extracts the original forwarded | |
749 message, deleting the inserted @w{@samp{- }} strings, and inserts it | |
750 into the Rmail file as a separate message immediately following the | |
751 current one. | |
752 | |
753 @findex rmail-resend | |
754 @dfn{Resending} is an alternative similar to forwarding; the | |
755 difference is that resending sends a message that is ``from'' the | |
756 original sender, just as it reached you---with a few added header fields | |
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757 @samp{Resent-From} and @samp{Resent-To} to indicate that it came via |
25829 | 758 you. To resend a message in Rmail, use @kbd{C-u f}. (@kbd{f} runs |
759 @code{rmail-forward}, which is programmed to invoke @code{rmail-resend} | |
760 if you provide a numeric argument.) | |
761 | |
762 @kindex m @r{(Rmail)} | |
763 @findex rmail-mail | |
764 The @kbd{m} (@code{rmail-mail}) command is used to start editing an | |
765 outgoing message that is not a reply. It leaves the header fields empty. | |
766 Its only difference from @kbd{C-x 4 m} is that it makes the Rmail buffer | |
767 accessible for @kbd{C-c C-y}, just as @kbd{r} does. Thus, @kbd{m} can be | |
768 used to reply to or forward a message; it can do anything @kbd{r} or @kbd{f} | |
68698 | 769 can do. |
25829 | 770 |
771 @kindex c @r{(Rmail)} | |
772 @findex rmail-continue | |
773 The @kbd{c} (@code{rmail-continue}) command resumes editing the | |
774 @samp{*mail*} buffer, to finish editing an outgoing message you were | |
68698 | 775 already composing, or to alter a message you have sent. |
25829 | 776 |
777 @vindex rmail-mail-new-frame | |
778 If you set the variable @code{rmail-mail-new-frame} to a | |
779 non-@code{nil} value, then all the Rmail commands to start sending a | |
780 message create a new frame to edit it in. This frame is deleted when | |
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781 you send the message, or when you use the @samp{Cancel} item in the |
25829 | 782 @samp{Mail} menu. |
783 | |
784 All the Rmail commands to send a message use the mail-composition | |
785 method that you have chosen (@pxref{Mail Methods}). | |
786 | |
787 @node Rmail Summary | |
788 @section Summaries | |
789 @cindex summary (Rmail) | |
790 | |
791 A @dfn{summary} is a buffer containing one line per message to give | |
792 you an overview of the mail in an Rmail file. Each line shows the | |
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793 message number and date, the sender, the line count, the labels, and |
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794 the subject. Moving point in the summary buffer selects messages as |
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795 you move to their summary lines. Almost all Rmail commands are valid |
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796 in the summary buffer also; when used there, they apply to the message |
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797 described by the current line of the summary. |
25829 | 798 |
799 A summary buffer applies to a single Rmail file only; if you are | |
800 editing multiple Rmail files, each one can have its own summary buffer. | |
801 The summary buffer name is made by appending @samp{-summary} to the | |
802 Rmail buffer's name. Normally only one summary buffer is displayed at a | |
803 time. | |
804 | |
805 @menu | |
806 * Rmail Make Summary:: Making various sorts of summaries. | |
807 * Rmail Summary Edit:: Manipulating messages from the summary. | |
808 @end menu | |
809 | |
810 @node Rmail Make Summary | |
811 @subsection Making Summaries | |
812 | |
813 Here are the commands to create a summary for the current Rmail file. | |
814 Once the Rmail file has a summary buffer, changes in the Rmail file | |
815 (such as deleting or expunging messages, and getting new mail) | |
816 automatically update the summary. | |
817 | |
818 @table @kbd | |
819 @item h | |
820 @itemx C-M-h | |
821 Summarize all messages (@code{rmail-summary}). | |
822 @item l @var{labels} @key{RET} | |
823 @itemx C-M-l @var{labels} @key{RET} | |
824 Summarize messages that have one or more of the specified labels | |
825 (@code{rmail-summary-by-labels}). | |
826 @item C-M-r @var{rcpts} @key{RET} | |
827 Summarize messages that have one or more of the specified recipients | |
828 (@code{rmail-summary-by-recipients}). | |
829 @item C-M-t @var{topic} @key{RET} | |
830 Summarize messages that have a match for the specified regexp | |
831 @var{topic} in their subjects (@code{rmail-summary-by-topic}). | |
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832 @item C-M-s @var{regexp} |
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833 Summarize messages whose headers and the subject line match the |
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834 specified regular expression @var{regexp} |
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835 (@code{rmail-summary-by-regexp}). |
25829 | 836 @end table |
837 | |
838 @kindex h @r{(Rmail)} | |
839 @findex rmail-summary | |
840 The @kbd{h} or @kbd{C-M-h} (@code{rmail-summary}) command fills the summary buffer | |
841 for the current Rmail file with a summary of all the messages in the file. | |
842 It then displays and selects the summary buffer in another window. | |
843 | |
844 @kindex l @r{(Rmail)} | |
845 @kindex C-M-l @r{(Rmail)} | |
846 @findex rmail-summary-by-labels | |
847 @kbd{C-M-l @var{labels} @key{RET}} (@code{rmail-summary-by-labels}) makes | |
848 a partial summary mentioning only the messages that have one or more of the | |
849 labels @var{labels}. @var{labels} should contain label names separated by | |
68698 | 850 commas. |
25829 | 851 |
852 @kindex C-M-r @r{(Rmail)} | |
853 @findex rmail-summary-by-recipients | |
854 @kbd{C-M-r @var{rcpts} @key{RET}} (@code{rmail-summary-by-recipients}) | |
855 makes a partial summary mentioning only the messages that have one or more | |
856 of the recipients @var{rcpts}. @var{rcpts} should contain mailing | |
68698 | 857 addresses separated by commas. |
25829 | 858 |
859 @kindex C-M-t @r{(Rmail)} | |
860 @findex rmail-summary-by-topic | |
861 @kbd{C-M-t @var{topic} @key{RET}} (@code{rmail-summary-by-topic}) | |
862 makes a partial summary mentioning only the messages whose subjects have | |
863 a match for the regular expression @var{topic}. | |
864 | |
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865 @kindex C-M-s @r{(Rmail)} |
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866 @findex rmail-summary-by-regexp |
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867 @kbd{C-M-s @var{regexp} @key{RET}} (@code{rmail-summary-by-regexp}) |
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868 makes a partial summary which mentions only the messages whose headers |
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869 (including the date and the subject lines) match the regular |
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870 expression @var{regexp}. |
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871 |
68698 | 872 Note that there is only one summary buffer for any Rmail file; |
873 making any kind of summary discards any previous summary. | |
25829 | 874 |
875 @vindex rmail-summary-window-size | |
876 @vindex rmail-summary-line-count-flag | |
877 The variable @code{rmail-summary-window-size} says how many lines to | |
878 use for the summary window. The variable | |
879 @code{rmail-summary-line-count-flag} controls whether the summary line | |
880 for a message should include the line count of the message. | |
881 | |
882 @node Rmail Summary Edit | |
883 @subsection Editing in Summaries | |
884 | |
885 You can use the Rmail summary buffer to do almost anything you can do | |
886 in the Rmail buffer itself. In fact, once you have a summary buffer, | |
887 there's no need to switch back to the Rmail buffer. | |
888 | |
889 You can select and display various messages in the Rmail buffer, from | |
890 the summary buffer, just by moving point in the summary buffer to | |
891 different lines. It doesn't matter what Emacs command you use to move | |
892 point; whichever line point is on at the end of the command, that | |
893 message is selected in the Rmail buffer. | |
894 | |
895 Almost all Rmail commands work in the summary buffer as well as in the | |
896 Rmail buffer. Thus, @kbd{d} in the summary buffer deletes the current | |
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897 message, @kbd{u} undeletes, and @kbd{x} expunges. (However, in the |
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898 summary buffer, a numeric argument to @kbd{d}, @kbd{C-d} and @kbd{u} |
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899 serves as a repeat count. A negative argument reverses the meaning of |
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900 @kbd{d} and @kbd{C-d}.) @kbd{o} and @kbd{C-o} output the current |
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901 message to a file; @kbd{r} starts a reply to it. You can scroll the |
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902 current message while remaining in the summary buffer using @key{SPC} |
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903 and @key{DEL}. |
25829 | 904 |
905 The Rmail commands to move between messages also work in the summary | |
906 buffer, but with a twist: they move through the set of messages included | |
907 in the summary. They also ensure the Rmail buffer appears on the screen | |
908 (unlike cursor motion commands, which update the contents of the Rmail | |
909 buffer but don't display it in a window unless it already appears). | |
910 Here is a list of these commands: | |
911 | |
912 @table @kbd | |
913 @item n | |
914 Move to next line, skipping lines saying `deleted', and select its | |
915 message. | |
916 @item p | |
917 Move to previous line, skipping lines saying `deleted', and select | |
918 its message. | |
919 @item M-n | |
920 Move to next line and select its message. | |
921 @item M-p | |
922 Move to previous line and select its message. | |
923 @item > | |
924 Move to the last line, and select its message. | |
925 @item < | |
926 Move to the first line, and select its message. | |
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927 @item j |
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928 @itemx @key{RET} |
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929 Select the message on the current line (ensuring that the RMAIL buffer |
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930 appears on the screen). With argument @var{n}, select message number |
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931 @var{n} and move to its line in the summary buffer; this signals an |
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932 error if the message is not listed in the summary buffer. |
25829 | 933 @item M-s @var{pattern} @key{RET} |
934 Search through messages for @var{pattern} starting with the current | |
935 message; select the message found, and move point in the summary buffer | |
936 to that message's line. | |
937 @end table | |
938 | |
939 @vindex rmail-redisplay-summary | |
940 Deletion, undeletion, and getting new mail, and even selection of a | |
941 different message all update the summary buffer when you do them in the | |
942 Rmail buffer. If the variable @code{rmail-redisplay-summary} is | |
943 non-@code{nil}, these actions also bring the summary buffer back onto | |
944 the screen. | |
945 | |
946 @kindex Q @r{(Rmail summary)} | |
947 @findex rmail-summary-wipe | |
948 @kindex q @r{(Rmail summary)} | |
949 @findex rmail-summary-quit | |
950 When you are finished using the summary, type @kbd{Q} | |
951 (@code{rmail-summary-wipe}) to delete the summary buffer's window. You | |
952 can also exit Rmail while in the summary: @kbd{q} | |
953 (@code{rmail-summary-quit}) deletes the summary window, then exits from | |
954 Rmail by saving the Rmail file and switching to another buffer. | |
955 | |
956 @node Rmail Sorting | |
957 @section Sorting the Rmail File | |
958 | |
959 @table @kbd | |
960 @item M-x rmail-sort-by-date | |
961 Sort messages of current Rmail file by date. | |
962 | |
963 @item M-x rmail-sort-by-subject | |
964 Sort messages of current Rmail file by subject. | |
965 | |
966 @item M-x rmail-sort-by-author | |
967 Sort messages of current Rmail file by author's name. | |
968 | |
969 @item M-x rmail-sort-by-recipient | |
970 Sort messages of current Rmail file by recipient's names. | |
971 | |
972 @item M-x rmail-sort-by-correspondent | |
973 Sort messages of current Rmail file by the name of the other | |
974 correspondent. | |
975 | |
976 @item M-x rmail-sort-by-lines | |
977 Sort messages of current Rmail file by size (number of lines). | |
978 | |
979 @item M-x rmail-sort-by-keywords @key{RET} @var{labels} @key{RET} | |
980 Sort messages of current Rmail file by labels. The argument | |
981 @var{labels} should be a comma-separated list of labels. The order of | |
982 these labels specifies the order of messages; messages with the first | |
983 label come first, messages with the second label come second, and so on. | |
984 Messages which have none of these labels come last. | |
985 @end table | |
986 | |
987 The Rmail sort commands perform a @emph{stable sort}: if there is no | |
988 reason to prefer either one of two messages, their order remains | |
989 unchanged. You can use this to sort by more than one criterion. For | |
990 example, if you use @code{rmail-sort-by-date} and then | |
991 @code{rmail-sort-by-author}, messages from the same author appear in | |
992 order by date. | |
993 | |
994 With a numeric argument, all these commands reverse the order of | |
995 comparison. This means they sort messages from newest to oldest, from | |
996 biggest to smallest, or in reverse alphabetical order. | |
997 | |
998 @node Rmail Display | |
999 @section Display of Messages | |
1000 | |
1001 Rmail reformats the header of each message before displaying it for | |
1002 the first time. Reformatting hides uninteresting header fields to | |
1003 reduce clutter. You can use the @kbd{t} command to show the entire | |
1004 header or to repeat the header reformatting operation. | |
1005 | |
1006 @table @kbd | |
1007 @item t | |
1008 Toggle display of complete header (@code{rmail-toggle-header}). | |
1009 @end table | |
1010 | |
1011 @vindex rmail-ignored-headers | |
68698 | 1012 @vindex rmail-nonignored-headers |
25829 | 1013 Reformatting the header involves deleting most header fields, on the |
1014 grounds that they are not interesting. The variable | |
1015 @code{rmail-ignored-headers} holds a regular expression that specifies | |
68698 | 1016 which header fields to hide in this way---if it matches the beginning |
1017 of a header field, that whole field is hidden. However, the variable | |
1018 @code{rmail-nonignored-headers} provides a further override: a header | |
1019 matching that regular expression is shown even if it matches | |
1020 @code{rmail-ignored-headers} too. | |
25829 | 1021 |
1022 @kindex t @r{(Rmail)} | |
1023 @findex rmail-toggle-header | |
1024 Rmail saves the complete original header before reformatting; to see | |
1025 it, use the @kbd{t} command (@code{rmail-toggle-header}). This | |
68698 | 1026 discards the reformatted headers of the current message and displays |
1027 it with the original header. Repeating @kbd{t} reformats the message | |
1028 again, which shows only the interesting headers according to the | |
1029 current values of those variable. Selecting the message again also | |
1030 reformats it if necessary. | |
25829 | 1031 |
1032 One consequence of this is that if you edit the reformatted header | |
1033 (using @kbd{e}; @pxref{Rmail Editing}), subsequent use of @kbd{t} will | |
1034 discard your edits. On the other hand, if you use @kbd{e} after | |
1035 @kbd{t}, to edit the original (unreformatted) header, those changes are | |
1036 permanent. | |
1037 | |
1038 When the @kbd{t} command has a prefix argument, a positive argument | |
1039 means to show the reformatted header, and a zero or negative argument | |
1040 means to show the full header. | |
1041 | |
1042 @vindex rmail-highlighted-headers | |
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1043 When the terminal supports multiple fonts or colors, Rmail |
25829 | 1044 highlights certain header fields that are especially interesting---by |
1045 default, the @samp{From} and @samp{Subject} fields. The variable | |
1046 @code{rmail-highlighted-headers} holds a regular expression that | |
36173
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1047 specifies the header fields to highlight; if it matches the beginning |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1048 of a header field, that whole field is highlighted. |
25829 | 1049 |
37577
8900b620b72c
rmail-save => rmail-expunge-and-save.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
37417
diff
changeset
|
1050 If you specify unusual colors for your text foreground and |
8900b620b72c
rmail-save => rmail-expunge-and-save.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
37417
diff
changeset
|
1051 background, the colors used for highlighting may not go well with |
68698 | 1052 them. If so, specify different colors by setting the variable |
1053 @code{rmail-highlight-face} to a suitable face. To turn off | |
1054 highlighting entirely in Rmail, set @code{rmail-highlighted-headers} | |
1055 to @code{nil}. | |
25829 | 1056 |
36173
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1057 You can highlight and activate URLs in incoming messages by adding |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1058 the function @code{goto-address} to the hook |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1059 @code{rmail-show-message-hook}. Then you can browse these URLs by |
60435
b8d2ec2a15e7
(Rmail Inbox): Move text from Remote Mailboxes that really belongs here.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59564
diff
changeset
|
1060 clicking on them with @kbd{Mouse-2} (or @kbd{Mouse-1} quickly) or by |
b8d2ec2a15e7
(Rmail Inbox): Move text from Remote Mailboxes that really belongs here.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59564
diff
changeset
|
1061 moving to one and typing @kbd{C-c @key{RET}}. @xref{Goto-address, |
b8d2ec2a15e7
(Rmail Inbox): Move text from Remote Mailboxes that really belongs here.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1062 Activating URLs, Activating URLs}. |
36173
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1063 |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1064 @node Rmail Coding |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
1065 @section Rmail and Coding Systems |
28339 | 1066 |
35473
6b9d1a2fb28b
(Rmail Display): Document rmail-redecode-body.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1067 @cindex decoding mail messages (Rmail) |
52979
3649390c0f91
Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1068 Rmail automatically decodes messages which contain non-@acronym{ASCII} |
38065
4f1705a63f02
Proofreading fixes from Tim Goodwin <tjg@star.le.ac.uk>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1069 characters, just as Emacs does with files you visit and with subprocess |
4f1705a63f02
Proofreading fixes from Tim Goodwin <tjg@star.le.ac.uk>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1070 output. Rmail uses the standard @samp{charset=@var{charset}} header in |
4f1705a63f02
Proofreading fixes from Tim Goodwin <tjg@star.le.ac.uk>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1071 the message, if any, to determine how the message was encoded by the |
4f1705a63f02
Proofreading fixes from Tim Goodwin <tjg@star.le.ac.uk>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1072 sender. It maps @var{charset} into the corresponding Emacs coding |
4f1705a63f02
Proofreading fixes from Tim Goodwin <tjg@star.le.ac.uk>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1073 system (@pxref{Coding Systems}), and uses that coding system to decode |
38868 | 1074 message text. If the message header doesn't have the @samp{charset} |
1075 specification, or if @var{charset} is not recognized, | |
38065
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Proofreading fixes from Tim Goodwin <tjg@star.le.ac.uk>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1076 Rmail chooses the coding system with the usual Emacs heuristics and |
4f1705a63f02
Proofreading fixes from Tim Goodwin <tjg@star.le.ac.uk>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1077 defaults (@pxref{Recognize Coding}). |
36173
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
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|
1078 |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
1079 @cindex fixing incorrectly decoded mail messages |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1080 Occasionally, a message is decoded incorrectly, either because Emacs |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1081 guessed the wrong coding system in the absence of the @samp{charset} |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
1082 specification, or because the specification was inaccurate. For |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35473
diff
changeset
|
1083 example, a misconfigured mailer could send a message with a |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35473
diff
changeset
|
1084 @samp{charset=iso-8859-1} header when the message is actually encoded |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1085 in @code{koi8-r}. When you see the message text garbled, or some of |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1086 its characters displayed as empty boxes, this may have happened. |
35473
6b9d1a2fb28b
(Rmail Display): Document rmail-redecode-body.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
30802
diff
changeset
|
1087 |
6b9d1a2fb28b
(Rmail Display): Document rmail-redecode-body.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1088 @findex rmail-redecode-body |
36173
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1089 You can correct the problem by decoding the message again using the |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1090 right coding system, if you can figure out or guess which one is |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1091 right. To do this, invoke the @kbd{M-x rmail-redecode-body} command. |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1092 It reads the name of a coding system, encodes the message body using |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1093 whichever coding system was used to decode it before, then redecodes |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1094 it using the coding system you specified. If you specified the right |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1095 coding system, the result should be readable. |
35473
6b9d1a2fb28b
(Rmail Display): Document rmail-redecode-body.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
30802
diff
changeset
|
1096 |
36173
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1097 Decoding and encoding using the wrong coding system is lossless for |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35473
diff
changeset
|
1098 most encodings, in particular with 8-bit encodings such as iso-8859 or |
35473
6b9d1a2fb28b
(Rmail Display): Document rmail-redecode-body.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
30802
diff
changeset
|
1099 koi8. So, if the initial attempt to redecode the message didn't |
36173
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35473
diff
changeset
|
1100 result in a legible text, you can try other coding systems until you |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1101 succeed. |
35473
6b9d1a2fb28b
(Rmail Display): Document rmail-redecode-body.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1102 |
36173
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New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1103 With some coding systems, notably those from the iso-2022 family, |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35473
diff
changeset
|
1104 information can be lost in decoding, so that encoding the message |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35473
diff
changeset
|
1105 again won't bring back the original incoming text. In such a case, |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35473
diff
changeset
|
1106 @code{rmail-redecode-body} cannot work. However, the problems that |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35473
diff
changeset
|
1107 call for use of @code{rmail-redecode-body} rarely occur with those |
808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1108 coding systems. So in practice the command works when you need it. |
35473
6b9d1a2fb28b
(Rmail Display): Document rmail-redecode-body.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1109 |
25829 | 1110 @node Rmail Editing |
1111 @section Editing Within a Message | |
1112 | |
1113 Most of the usual Emacs commands are available in Rmail mode, though a | |
1114 few, such as @kbd{C-M-n} and @kbd{C-M-h}, are redefined by Rmail for | |
1115 other purposes. However, the Rmail buffer is normally read only, and | |
1116 most of the letters are redefined as Rmail commands. If you want to | |
1117 edit the text of a message, you must use the Rmail command @kbd{e}. | |
1118 | |
1119 @table @kbd | |
1120 @item e | |
1121 Edit the current message as ordinary text. | |
1122 @end table | |
1123 | |
1124 @kindex e @r{(Rmail)} | |
1125 @findex rmail-edit-current-message | |
1126 The @kbd{e} command (@code{rmail-edit-current-message}) switches from | |
1127 Rmail mode into Rmail Edit mode, another major mode which is nearly the | |
1128 same as Text mode. The mode line indicates this change. | |
1129 | |
1130 In Rmail Edit mode, letters insert themselves as usual and the Rmail | |
1131 commands are not available. When you are finished editing the message and | |
1132 are ready to go back to Rmail, type @kbd{C-c C-c}, which switches back to | |
1133 Rmail mode. Alternatively, you can return to Rmail mode but cancel all the | |
1134 editing that you have done, by typing @kbd{C-c C-]}. | |
1135 | |
1136 @vindex rmail-edit-mode-hook | |
1137 Entering Rmail Edit mode runs the hook @code{text-mode-hook}; then it | |
1138 runs the hook @code{rmail-edit-mode-hook} (@pxref{Hooks}). It adds the | |
1139 attribute @samp{edited} to the message. It also displays the full | |
1140 headers of the message, so that you can edit the headers as well as the | |
36345
7f2b7440c534
(Rmail Editing): Remove doubled `the'.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
36263
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|
1141 body of the message, and your changes in the headers will be |
25829 | 1142 permanent. |
1143 | |
1144 @node Rmail Digest | |
1145 @section Digest Messages | |
1146 @cindex digest message | |
1147 @cindex undigestify | |
1148 | |
1149 A @dfn{digest message} is a message which exists to contain and carry | |
1150 several other messages. Digests are used on some moderated mailing | |
1151 lists; all the messages that arrive for the list during a period of time | |
1152 such as one day are put inside a single digest which is then sent to the | |
1153 subscribers. Transmitting the single digest uses much less computer | |
1154 time than transmitting the individual messages even though the total | |
1155 size is the same, because the per-message overhead in network mail | |
1156 transmission is considerable. | |
1157 | |
1158 @findex undigestify-rmail-message | |
1159 When you receive a digest message, the most convenient way to read it is | |
1160 to @dfn{undigestify} it: to turn it back into many individual messages. | |
1161 Then you can read and delete the individual messages as it suits you. | |
44326 | 1162 To do this, select the digest message and type the command @kbd{M-x |
25829 | 1163 undigestify-rmail-message}. This extracts the submessages as separate |
1164 Rmail messages, and inserts them following the digest. The digest | |
1165 message itself is flagged as deleted. | |
1166 | |
1167 @node Out of Rmail | |
1168 @section Converting an Rmail File to Inbox Format | |
39303
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|
1169 @cindex Babyl format to Inbox format |
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parents:
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|
1170 @cindex converting Rmail file to mailbox format |
25829 | 1171 |
1172 @findex unrmail | |
1173 The command @kbd{M-x unrmail} converts a file in Rmail format to inbox | |
39303
2fc0bb5d638f
(Out of Rmail): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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1174 format (also known as the system mailbox, or mbox, format), so that |
2fc0bb5d638f
(Out of Rmail): Document b2m.
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parents:
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changeset
|
1175 you can use it with other mail-editing tools. You must specify two |
2fc0bb5d638f
(Out of Rmail): Document b2m.
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parents:
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diff
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|
1176 arguments, the name of the Rmail file and the name to use for the |
2fc0bb5d638f
(Out of Rmail): Document b2m.
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parents:
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|
1177 converted file. @kbd{M-x unrmail} does not alter the Rmail file itself. |
2fc0bb5d638f
(Out of Rmail): Document b2m.
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parents:
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|
1178 |
2fc0bb5d638f
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parents:
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|
1179 @pindex b2m |
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(Out of Rmail): Document b2m.
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parents:
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|
1180 @kbd{M-x unrmail} is useful if you can run Emacs on the machine |
2fc0bb5d638f
(Out of Rmail): Document b2m.
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parents:
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|
1181 where the Rmail file resides, or can access the Rmail file remotely |
2fc0bb5d638f
(Out of Rmail): Document b2m.
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parents:
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|
1182 (@pxref{Remote Files}) from a machine where Emacs is installed. If |
2fc0bb5d638f
(Out of Rmail): Document b2m.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1183 accessing Rmail files from Emacs is impossible, you can use the |
2fc0bb5d638f
(Out of Rmail): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1184 @command{b2m} program instead. @command{b2m} is part of the Emacs |
2fc0bb5d638f
(Out of Rmail): Document b2m.
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parents:
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changeset
|
1185 distribution, it is installed into the same directory where all the |
2fc0bb5d638f
(Out of Rmail): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39287
diff
changeset
|
1186 other auxiliary programs (@command{etags} etc.) are installed, and its |
2fc0bb5d638f
(Out of Rmail): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39287
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|
1187 source is available in the Emacs source distribution, so that you |
2fc0bb5d638f
(Out of Rmail): Document b2m.
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parents:
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changeset
|
1188 could copy the source to the target machine and compile it there. |
2fc0bb5d638f
(Out of Rmail): Document b2m.
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parents:
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changeset
|
1189 |
2fc0bb5d638f
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parents:
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|
1190 To convert a file @file{@var{babyl-file}} into @file{@var{mbox-file}}, |
2fc0bb5d638f
(Out of Rmail): Document b2m.
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parents:
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|
1191 invoke @command{b2m} like this: |
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(Out of Rmail): Document b2m.
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parents:
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changeset
|
1192 |
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|
1193 @example |
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|
1194 b2m < @var{babyl-file} > @var{mbox-file} |
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1195 @end example |
25829 | 1196 |
1197 @node Rmail Rot13 | |
1198 @section Reading Rot13 Messages | |
1199 @cindex rot13 code | |
1200 | |
1201 Mailing list messages that might offend some readers are sometimes | |
1202 encoded in a simple code called @dfn{rot13}---so named because it | |
1203 rotates the alphabet by 13 letters. This code is not for secrecy, as it | |
1204 provides none; rather, it enables those who might be offended to avoid | |
71593 | 1205 seeing the real text of the message. |
25829 | 1206 |
1207 @findex rot13-other-window | |
71593 | 1208 To view a buffer which uses the rot13 code, use the command @kbd{M-x |
25829 | 1209 rot13-other-window}. This displays the current buffer in another window |
1210 which applies the code when displaying the text. | |
1211 | |
1212 @node Movemail | |
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|
1213 @section @code{movemail} program |
25829 | 1214 @cindex @code{movemail} program |
1215 | |
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|
1216 When invoked for the first time, Rmail attempts to locate the |
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|
1217 @code{movemail} program and determine its version. There are two |
b8d2ec2a15e7
(Rmail Inbox): Move text from Remote Mailboxes that really belongs here.
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parents:
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|
1218 versions of @code{movemail} program: the native one, shipped with GNU |
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|
1219 Emacs (the ``emacs version'') and the one included in GNU mailutils |
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1220 (the ``mailutils version,'' @pxref{movemail,,,mailutils,GNU |
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1221 mailutils}). They support the same command line syntax and the same |
71593 | 1222 basic subset of options. However, the Mailutils version offers |
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1223 additional features. |
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1224 |
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|
1225 The Emacs version of @code{movemail} is able to retrieve mail from |
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1226 usual UNIX mailbox formats and from remote mailboxes using the POP3 |
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|
1227 protocol. |
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|
1228 |
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1229 The Mailutils version is able to handle a wide set of mailbox |
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1230 formats, such as plain UNIX mailboxes, @code{maildir} and @code{MH} |
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1231 mailboxes, etc. It is able to retrieve remote mail using POP3 or |
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|
1232 IMAP4 protocol, and can retrieve mail from them using a TLS encrypted |
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|
1233 channel. It also accepts mailbox argument in the @acronym{URL} form. |
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|
1234 The detailed description of mailbox @acronym{URL}s can be found in |
b8d2ec2a15e7
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|
1235 @ref{URL,,,mailutils,Mailbox URL Formats}. In short, a @acronym{URL} |
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|
1236 is: |
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1237 |
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|
1238 @smallexample |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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1239 @var{proto}://[@var{user}[:@var{password}]@@]@var{host-or-file-name} |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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1240 @end smallexample |
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|
1241 |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1242 @noindent |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1243 where square brackets denote optional elements. |
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1244 |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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1245 @table @var |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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1246 @item proto |
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|
1247 Specifies the @dfn{mailbox protocol}, or @dfn{format} to |
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|
1248 use. The exact semantics of the rest of @acronym{URL} elements depends |
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|
1249 on the actual value of @var{proto} (see below). |
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|
1250 |
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|
1251 @item user |
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1252 User name to access the remote mailbox. |
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|
1253 |
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|
1254 @item password |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1255 User password to access the remote mailbox. |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1256 |
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|
1257 @item host-or-file-name |
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|
1258 Hostname of the remote server for remote mailboxes or file name of a |
17c9e16e0207
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1259 local mailbox. |
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|
1260 @end table |
17c9e16e0207
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|
1261 |
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|
1262 @noindent |
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1263 @var{Proto} can be one of: |
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|
1264 |
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|
1265 @table @code |
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1266 @item mbox |
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1267 Usual UNIX mailbox format. In this case, neither @var{user} nor |
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1268 @var{pass} are used, and @var{host-or-file-name} denotes the file name of |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1269 the mailbox file, e.g., @code{mbox://var/spool/mail/smith}. |
17c9e16e0207
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|
1270 |
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|
1271 @item mh |
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1272 A local mailbox in the @acronym{MH} format. @var{User} and |
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|
1273 @var{pass} are not used. @var{Host-or-file-name} denotes the name of |
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|
1274 @acronym{MH} folder, e.g., @code{mh://Mail/inbox}. |
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|
1275 |
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|
1276 @item maildir |
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1277 A local mailbox in the @acronym{maildir} format. @var{User} and |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1278 @var{pass} are not used, and @var{host-or-file-name} denotes the name of |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1279 @code{maildir} mailbox, e.g., @code{maildir://mail/inbox}. |
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|
1280 |
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|
1281 @item file |
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|
1282 Any local mailbox format. Its actual format is detected automatically |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1283 by @code{movemail}. |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1284 |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1285 @item pop |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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|
1286 A remote mailbox to be accessed via POP3 protocol. @var{User} |
17c9e16e0207
Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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parents:
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|
1287 specifies the remote user name to use, @var{pass} may be used to |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1288 specify the user password, @var{host-or-file-name} is the name or IP |
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|
1289 address of the remote mail server to connect to; e.g., |
17c9e16e0207
Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1290 @code{pop://smith:guessme@@remote.server.net}. |
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1291 |
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1292 @item imap |
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|
1293 A remote mailbox to be accessed via IMAP4 protocol. @var{User} |
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1294 specifies the remote user name to use, @var{pass} may be used to |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1295 specify the user password, @var{host-or-file-name} is the name or IP |
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|
1296 address of the remote mail server to connect to; |
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Document support for GNU mailutils in rmail.el.
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|
1297 e.g., @code{imap://smith:guessme@@remote.server.net}. |
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|
1298 @end table |
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|
1299 |
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|
1300 Alternatively, you can specify the file name of the mailbox to use. |
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1301 This is equivalent to specifying the @samp{file} protocol: |
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|
1302 |
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|
1303 @smallexample |
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|
1304 /var/spool/mail/@var{user} @equiv{} file://var/spool/mail/@var{user} |
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1305 @end smallexample |
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|
1306 |
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|
1307 @vindex rmail-movemail-program |
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|
1308 @vindex rmail-movemail-search-path |
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|
1309 The variable @code{rmail-movemail-program} controls which version of |
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1310 @code{movemail} to use. If that is a string, it specifies the |
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|
1311 absolute file name of the @code{movemail} executable. If it is |
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1312 @code{nil}, Rmail searches for @code{movemail} in the directories |
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|
1313 listed in @code{rmail-movemail-search-path} and @code{exec-path}, then |
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1314 in @code{exec-directory}. |
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1315 |
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1316 @node Remote Mailboxes |
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1317 @section Retrieving Mail from Remote Mailboxes |
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1318 @pindex movemail |
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1319 |
25829 | 1320 Some sites use a method called POP for accessing users' inbox data |
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1321 instead of storing the data in inbox files. The @code{Emacs |
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1322 movemail} can work with POP if you compile it with the macro |
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1323 @code{MAIL_USE_POP} defined. (You can achieve that by specifying |
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1324 @samp{--with-pop} when you run @code{configure} during the |
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1325 installation of Emacs.) |
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1326 |
71593 | 1327 The Mailutils @code{movemail} by default supports POP, unless it was |
1328 configured with @samp{--disable-pop} option. | |
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1329 |
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1330 Both versions of @code{movemail} only work with POP3, not with older |
25829 | 1331 versions of POP. |
1332 | |
29107 | 1333 @cindex @env{MAILHOST} environment variable |
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1334 @cindex POP mailboxes |
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1335 No matter which flavor of @code{movemail} you use, you can specify |
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1336 POP inbox by using POP @dfn{URL} (@pxref{Movemail}). A POP |
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1337 @acronym{URL} is a ``file name'' of the form |
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1338 @samp{pop://@var{username}@@@var{hostname}}, where |
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1339 @var{hostname} is the host name or IP address of the remote mail |
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1340 server and @var{username} is the user name on that server. |
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1341 Additionally, you may specify the password in the mailbox @acronym{URL}: |
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1342 @samp{pop://@var{username}:@var{password}@@@var{hostname}}. In this |
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1343 case, @var{password} takes preference over the one set by |
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1344 @code{rmail-remote-password}. This is especially useful if you have |
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1345 several remote mailboxes with different passwords. |
25829 | 1346 |
71593 | 1347 For backward compatibility, Rmail also supports two alternative ways |
1348 of specifying remote POP mailboxes. First, specifying an inbox name | |
1349 in the form @samp{po:@var{username}:@var{hostname}} is equivalent to | |
1350 @samp{pop://@var{username}@@@var{hostname}}. Alternatively, you may | |
1351 set a ``file name'' of @samp{po:@var{username}} in the inbox list of | |
1352 an Rmail file. @code{movemail} will handle such a name by opening a | |
1353 connection to the POP server. In this case, the @env{MAILHOST} | |
1354 environment variable specifies the machine on which to look for the | |
1355 POP server. | |
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1356 |
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1357 @cindex IMAP mailboxes |
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1358 Another method for accessing remote mailboxes is IMAP. This method is |
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1359 supported only by the Mailutils @code{movemail}. To specify an IMAP |
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1360 mailbox in the inbox list, use the following mailbox @acronym{URL}: |
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1361 @samp{imap://@var{username}[:@var{password}]@@@var{hostname}}. The |
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1362 @var{password} part is optional, as described above. |
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1363 |
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1364 @vindex rmail-remote-password |
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1365 @vindex rmail-remote-password-required |
25829 | 1366 @vindex rmail-pop-password |
1367 @vindex rmail-pop-password-required | |
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1368 Accessing a remote mailbox may require a password. Rmail uses the |
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1369 following algorithm to retrieve it: |
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1370 |
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1371 @enumerate |
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1372 @item |
59564 | 1373 If the @var{password} is present in mailbox URL (see above), it is |
1374 used. | |
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1375 @item |
59564 | 1376 If the variable @code{rmail-remote-password} is non-@code{nil}, its |
1377 value is used. | |
1378 @item | |
1379 Otherwise, if @code{rmail-remote-password-required} is non-@code{nil}, | |
1380 then Rmail will ask you for the password to use. | |
1381 @item | |
1382 Otherwise, Rmail assumes no password is required. | |
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1383 @end enumerate |
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1384 |
77129 | 1385 For compatibility with previous versions, the variables |
1386 @code{rmail-pop-password} and @code{rmail-pop-password-required} may | |
1387 be used instead of @code{rmail-remote-password} and | |
1388 @code{rmail-remote-password-required}. | |
25829 | 1389 |
1390 @vindex rmail-movemail-flags | |
1391 If you need to pass additional command-line flags to @code{movemail}, | |
1392 set the variable @code{rmail-movemail-flags} a list of the flags you | |
1393 wish to use. Do not use this variable to pass the @samp{-p} flag to | |
1394 preserve your inbox contents; use @code{rmail-preserve-inbox} instead. | |
1395 | |
1396 @cindex Kerberos POP authentication | |
1397 The @code{movemail} program installed at your site may support | |
1398 Kerberos authentication. If it is | |
1399 supported, it is used by default whenever you attempt to retrieve | |
1400 POP mail when @code{rmail-pop-password} and | |
1401 @code{rmail-pop-password-required} are unset. | |
1402 | |
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1403 @cindex reverse order in POP inboxes |
25829 | 1404 Some POP servers store messages in reverse order. If your server does |
1405 this, and you would rather read your mail in the order in which it was | |
1406 received, you can tell @code{movemail} to reverse the order of | |
1407 downloaded messages by adding the @samp{-r} flag to | |
1408 @code{rmail-movemail-flags}. | |
52401 | 1409 |
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1410 @cindex TLS encryption (Rmail) |
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1411 Mailutils @code{movemail} supports TLS encryption. If you wish to |
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1412 use it, add the @samp{--tls} flag to @code{rmail-movemail-flags}. |
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1413 |
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1414 @node Other Mailbox Formats |
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1415 @section Retrieving Mail from Local Mailboxes in Various Formats |
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1416 |
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1417 If your incoming mail is stored on a local machine in a format other |
71593 | 1418 than UNIX mailbox, you will need the Mailutils @code{movemail} to |
1419 retrieve it. @xref{Movemail}, for the detailed description of | |
1420 @code{movemail} versions. For example, to access mail from a inbox in | |
1421 @code{maildir} format located in @file{/var/spool/mail/in}, you would | |
1422 include the following in the Rmail inbox list: | |
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1423 |
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1424 @smallexample |
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1425 maildir://var/spool/mail/in |
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1426 @end smallexample |
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1427 |
52401 | 1428 @ignore |
1429 arch-tag: 034965f6-38df-47a2-a9f1-b8bc8ab37e23 | |
1430 @end ignore |