annotate lisp/json.el @ 96362:572a12d1d2a7

American English spelling fix.
author Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
date Fri, 27 Jun 2008 02:14:52 +0000
parents 2b39e9f51e54
children 5d474cdb19f8
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1 ;;; json.el --- JavaScript Object Notation parser / generator
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2
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3 ;; Copyright (C) 2006, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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4
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5 ;; Author: Edward O'Connor <ted@oconnor.cx>
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6 ;; Version: 1.2
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7 ;; Keywords: convenience
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8
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9 ;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.
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10
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11 ;; GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
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12 ;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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13 ;; the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
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14 ;; (at your option) any later version.
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15
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16 ;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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17 ;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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18 ;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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19 ;; GNU General Public License for more details.
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20
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21 ;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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22 ;; along with GNU Emacs. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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23
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24 ;;; Commentary:
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25
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26 ;; This is a library for parsing and generating JSON (JavaScript Object
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27 ;; Notation).
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28
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29 ;; Learn all about JSON here: <URL:http://json.org/>.
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30
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31 ;; The user-serviceable entry points for the parser are the functions
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32 ;; `json-read' and `json-read-from-string'. The encoder has a single
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33 ;; entry point, `json-encode'.
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34
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35 ;; Since there are several natural representations of key-value pair
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36 ;; mappings in elisp (alist, plist, hash-table), `json-read' allows you
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37 ;; to specify which you'd prefer (see `json-object-type' and
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38 ;; `json-array-type').
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39
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40 ;; Similarly, since `false' and `null' are distinct in JSON, you can
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41 ;; distinguish them by binding `json-false' and `json-null' as desired.
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42
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43 ;;; History:
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44
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45 ;; 2006-03-11 - Initial version.
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46 ;; 2006-03-13 - Added JSON generation in addition to parsing. Various
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47 ;; other cleanups, bugfixes, and improvements.
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48 ;; 2006-12-29 - XEmacs support, from Aidan Kehoe <kehoea@parhasard.net>.
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49 ;; 2008-02-21 - Installed in GNU Emacs.
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50
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51 ;;; Code:
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52
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53 (eval-when-compile (require 'cl))
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54
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55 ;; Compatibility code
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56
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57 (defalias 'json-encode-char0 'encode-char)
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58 (defalias 'json-decode-char0 'decode-char)
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59
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60
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61 ;; Parameters
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62
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63 (defvar json-object-type 'alist
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64 "Type to convert JSON objects to.
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65 Must be one of `alist', `plist', or `hash-table'. Consider let-binding
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66 this around your call to `json-read' instead of `setq'ing it.")
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67
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68 (defvar json-array-type 'vector
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69 "Type to convert JSON arrays to.
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70 Must be one of `vector' or `list'. Consider let-binding this around
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71 your call to `json-read' instead of `setq'ing it.")
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72
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73 (defvar json-key-type nil
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74 "Type to convert JSON keys to.
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75 Must be one of `string', `symbol', `keyword', or nil.
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76
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77 If nil, `json-read' will guess the type based on the value of
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78 `json-object-type':
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79
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80 If `json-object-type' is: nil will be interpreted as:
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81 `hash-table' `string'
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82 `alist' `symbol'
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83 `plist' `keyword'
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84
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85 Note that values other than `string' might behave strangely for
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86 Sufficiently Weird keys. Consider let-binding this around your call to
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87 `json-read' instead of `setq'ing it.")
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88
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89 (defvar json-false :json-false
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90 "Value to use when reading JSON `false'.
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91 If this has the same value as `json-null', you might not be able to tell
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92 the difference between `false' and `null'. Consider let-binding this
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93 around your call to `json-read' instead of `setq'ing it.")
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94
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95 (defvar json-null nil
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96 "Value to use when reading JSON `null'.
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97 If this has the same value as `json-false', you might not be able to
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98 tell the difference between `false' and `null'. Consider let-binding
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99 this around your call to `json-read' instead of `setq'ing it.")
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100
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101
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102
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103 ;;; Utilities
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104
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105 (defun json-join (strings separator)
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106 "Join STRINGS with SEPARATOR."
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107 (mapconcat 'identity strings separator))
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108
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109 (defun json-alist-p (list)
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110 "Non-null if and only if LIST is an alist."
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111 (or (null list)
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112 (and (consp (car list))
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113 (json-alist-p (cdr list)))))
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114
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115 (defun json-plist-p (list)
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116 "Non-null if and only if LIST is a plist."
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117 (or (null list)
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118 (and (keywordp (car list))
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119 (consp (cdr list))
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120 (json-plist-p (cddr list)))))
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121
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122 ;; Reader utilities
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123
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124 (defsubst json-advance (&optional n)
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125 "Skip past the following N characters."
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126 (unless n (setq n 1))
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127 (let ((goal (+ (point) n)))
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128 (goto-char goal)
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129 (when (< (point) goal)
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130 (signal 'end-of-file nil))))
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131
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132 (defsubst json-peek ()
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133 "Return the character at point."
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134 (let ((char (char-after (point))))
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135 (or char :json-eof)))
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136
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137 (defsubst json-pop ()
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138 "Advance past the character at point, returning it."
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139 (let ((char (json-peek)))
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140 (if (eq char :json-eof)
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141 (signal 'end-of-file nil)
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142 (json-advance)
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143 char)))
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144
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145 (defun json-skip-whitespace ()
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146 "Skip past the whitespace at point."
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147 (while (looking-at "[\t\r\n\f\b ]")
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148 (goto-char (match-end 0))))
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149
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150
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151
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152 ;; Error conditions
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153
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154 (put 'json-error 'error-message "Unknown JSON error")
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155 (put 'json-error 'error-conditions '(json-error error))
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156
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157 (put 'json-readtable-error 'error-message "JSON readtable error")
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158 (put 'json-readtable-error 'error-conditions
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159 '(json-readtable-error json-error error))
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160
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161 (put 'json-unknown-keyword 'error-message "Unrecognized keyword")
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162 (put 'json-unknown-keyword 'error-conditions
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163 '(json-unknown-keyword json-error error))
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164
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165 (put 'json-number-format 'error-message "Invalid number format")
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166 (put 'json-number-format 'error-conditions
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167 '(json-number-format json-error error))
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168
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169 (put 'json-string-escape 'error-message "Bad unicode escape")
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170 (put 'json-string-escape 'error-conditions
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171 '(json-string-escape json-error error))
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172
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173 (put 'json-string-format 'error-message "Bad string format")
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174 (put 'json-string-format 'error-conditions
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175 '(json-string-format json-error error))
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176
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177 (put 'json-object-format 'error-message "Bad JSON object")
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178 (put 'json-object-format 'error-conditions
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179 '(json-object-format json-error error))
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180
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181
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182
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183 ;;; Keywords
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184
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185 (defvar json-keywords '("true" "false" "null")
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186 "List of JSON keywords.")
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187
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188 ;; Keyword parsing
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189
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190 (defun json-read-keyword (keyword)
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191 "Read a JSON keyword at point.
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192 KEYWORD is the keyword expected."
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193 (unless (member keyword json-keywords)
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194 (signal 'json-unknown-keyword (list keyword)))
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195 (mapc (lambda (char)
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196 (unless (char-equal char (json-peek))
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197 (signal 'json-unknown-keyword
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198 (list (save-excursion
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199 (backward-word 1)
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200 (thing-at-point 'word)))))
92061
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201 (json-advance))
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202 keyword)
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203 (unless (looking-at "\\(\\s-\\|[],}]\\|$\\)")
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204 (signal 'json-unknown-keyword
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205 (list (save-excursion
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206 (backward-word 1)
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207 (thing-at-point 'word)))))
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208 (cond ((string-equal keyword "true") t)
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209 ((string-equal keyword "false") json-false)
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210 ((string-equal keyword "null") json-null)))
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211
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212 ;; Keyword encoding
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213
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214 (defun json-encode-keyword (keyword)
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215 "Encode KEYWORD as a JSON value."
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216 (cond ((eq keyword t) "true")
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217 ((eq keyword json-false) "false")
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218 ((eq keyword json-null) "null")))
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219
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220 ;;; Numbers
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221
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222 ;; Number parsing
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223
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224 (defun json-read-number ()
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225 "Read the JSON number following point.
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226 N.B.: Only numbers which can fit in Emacs Lisp's native number
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diff changeset
227 representation will be parsed correctly."
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228 (if (char-equal (json-peek) ?-)
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229 (progn
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230 (json-advance)
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231 (- 0 (json-read-number)))
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diff changeset
232 (if (looking-at "[0-9]+\\([.][0-9]+\\)?\\([eE][+-]?[0-9]+\\)?")
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diff changeset
233 (progn
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diff changeset
234 (goto-char (match-end 0))
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diff changeset
235 (string-to-number (match-string 0)))
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diff changeset
236 (signal 'json-number-format (list (point))))))
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diff changeset
237
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diff changeset
238 ;; Number encoding
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239
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240 (defun json-encode-number (number)
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diff changeset
241 "Return a JSON representation of NUMBER."
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diff changeset
242 (format "%s" number))
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243
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244 ;;; Strings
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245
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diff changeset
246 (defvar json-special-chars
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diff changeset
247 '((?\" . ?\")
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diff changeset
248 (?\\ . ?\\)
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diff changeset
249 (?/ . ?/)
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diff changeset
250 (?b . ?\b)
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diff changeset
251 (?f . ?\f)
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diff changeset
252 (?n . ?\n)
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diff changeset
253 (?r . ?\r)
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diff changeset
254 (?t . ?\t))
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255 "Characters which are escaped in JSON, with their elisp counterparts.")
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diff changeset
256
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diff changeset
257 ;; String parsing
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diff changeset
258
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diff changeset
259 (defun json-read-escaped-char ()
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260 "Read the JSON string escaped character at point."
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diff changeset
261 ;; Skip over the '\'
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diff changeset
262 (json-advance)
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diff changeset
263 (let* ((char (json-pop))
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264 (special (assq char json-special-chars)))
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parents:
diff changeset
265 (cond
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diff changeset
266 (special (cdr special))
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diff changeset
267 ((not (eq char ?u)) char)
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parents:
diff changeset
268 ((looking-at "[0-9A-Fa-f][0-9A-Fa-f][0-9A-Fa-f][0-9A-Fa-f]")
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diff changeset
269 (let ((hex (match-string 0)))
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270 (json-advance 4)
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parents:
diff changeset
271 (json-decode-char0 'ucs (string-to-number hex 16))))
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parents:
diff changeset
272 (t
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diff changeset
273 (signal 'json-string-escape (list (point)))))))
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parents:
diff changeset
274
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275 (defun json-read-string ()
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diff changeset
276 "Read the JSON string at point."
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277 (unless (char-equal (json-peek) ?\")
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278 (signal 'json-string-format (list "doesn't start with '\"'!")))
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279 ;; Skip over the '"'
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280 (json-advance)
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281 (let ((characters '())
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282 (char (json-peek)))
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283 (while (not (char-equal char ?\"))
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284 (push (if (char-equal char ?\\)
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285 (json-read-escaped-char)
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286 (json-pop))
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287 characters)
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288 (setq char (json-peek)))
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289 ;; Skip over the '"'
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290 (json-advance)
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291 (if characters
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292 (apply 'string (nreverse characters))
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293 "")))
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294
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295 ;; String encoding
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296
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297 (defun json-encode-char (char)
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298 "Encode CHAR as a JSON string."
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299 (setq char (json-encode-char0 char 'ucs))
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300 (let ((control-char (car (rassoc char json-special-chars))))
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301 (cond
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302 ;; Special JSON character (\n, \r, etc.)
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303 (control-char
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304 (format "\\%c" control-char))
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305 ;; ASCIIish printable character
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306 ((and (> char 31) (< char 161))
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307 (format "%c" char))
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308 ;; Fallback: UCS code point in \uNNNN form
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309 (t
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310 (format "\\u%04x" char)))))
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311
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312 (defun json-encode-string (string)
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313 "Return a JSON representation of STRING."
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314 (format "\"%s\"" (mapconcat 'json-encode-char string "")))
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315
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316 ;;; JSON Objects
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317
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318 (defun json-new-object ()
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319 "Create a new Elisp object corresponding to a JSON object.
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320 Please see the documentation of `json-object-type'."
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321 (cond ((eq json-object-type 'hash-table)
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322 (make-hash-table :test 'equal))
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323 (t
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324 (list))))
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325
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326 (defun json-add-to-object (object key value)
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327 "Add a new KEY -> VALUE association to OBJECT.
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328 Returns the updated object, which you should save, e.g.:
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329 (setq obj (json-add-to-object obj \"foo\" \"bar\"))
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330 Please see the documentation of `json-object-type' and `json-key-type'."
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331 (let ((json-key-type
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332 (if (eq json-key-type nil)
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333 (cdr (assq json-object-type '((hash-table . string)
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334 (alist . symbol)
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335 (plist . keyword))))
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336 json-key-type)))
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337 (setq key
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338 (cond ((eq json-key-type 'string)
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339 key)
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340 ((eq json-key-type 'symbol)
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341 (intern key))
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342 ((eq json-key-type 'keyword)
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343 (intern (concat ":" key)))))
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344 (cond ((eq json-object-type 'hash-table)
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345 (puthash key value object)
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346 object)
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347 ((eq json-object-type 'alist)
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348 (cons (cons key value) object))
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349 ((eq json-object-type 'plist)
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350 (cons key (cons value object))))))
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351
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352 ;; JSON object parsing
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353
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354 (defun json-read-object ()
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355 "Read the JSON object at point."
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356 ;; Skip over the "{"
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357 (json-advance)
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358 (json-skip-whitespace)
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359 ;; read key/value pairs until "}"
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360 (let ((elements (json-new-object))
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361 key value)
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362 (while (not (char-equal (json-peek) ?}))
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363 (json-skip-whitespace)
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364 (setq key (json-read-string))
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365 (json-skip-whitespace)
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366 (if (char-equal (json-peek) ?:)
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367 (json-advance)
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368 (signal 'json-object-format (list ":" (json-peek))))
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369 (setq value (json-read))
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370 (setq elements (json-add-to-object elements key value))
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diff changeset
371 (json-skip-whitespace)
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diff changeset
372 (unless (char-equal (json-peek) ?})
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diff changeset
373 (if (char-equal (json-peek) ?,)
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374 (json-advance)
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diff changeset
375 (signal 'json-object-format (list "," (json-peek))))))
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diff changeset
376 ;; Skip over the "}"
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diff changeset
377 (json-advance)
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diff changeset
378 elements))
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diff changeset
379
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diff changeset
380 ;; Hash table encoding
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diff changeset
381
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382 (defun json-encode-hash-table (hash-table)
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diff changeset
383 "Return a JSON representation of HASH-TABLE."
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diff changeset
384 (format "{%s}"
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385 (json-join
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diff changeset
386 (let (r)
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diff changeset
387 (maphash
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388 (lambda (k v)
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389 (push (format "%s:%s"
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diff changeset
390 (json-encode k)
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diff changeset
391 (json-encode v))
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diff changeset
392 r))
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diff changeset
393 hash-table)
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diff changeset
394 r)
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diff changeset
395 ", ")))
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diff changeset
396
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parents:
diff changeset
397 ;; List encoding (including alists and plists)
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diff changeset
398
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diff changeset
399 (defun json-encode-alist (alist)
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diff changeset
400 "Return a JSON representation of ALIST."
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diff changeset
401 (format "{%s}"
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diff changeset
402 (json-join (mapcar (lambda (cons)
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diff changeset
403 (format "%s:%s"
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diff changeset
404 (json-encode (car cons))
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parents:
diff changeset
405 (json-encode (cdr cons))))
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parents:
diff changeset
406 alist)
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parents:
diff changeset
407 ", ")))
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parents:
diff changeset
408
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parents:
diff changeset
409 (defun json-encode-plist (plist)
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parents:
diff changeset
410 "Return a JSON representation of PLIST."
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parents:
diff changeset
411 (let (result)
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parents:
diff changeset
412 (while plist
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parents:
diff changeset
413 (push (concat (json-encode (car plist))
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parents:
diff changeset
414 ":"
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parents:
diff changeset
415 (json-encode (cadr plist)))
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parents:
diff changeset
416 result)
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parents:
diff changeset
417 (setq plist (cddr plist)))
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parents:
diff changeset
418 (concat "{" (json-join (nreverse result) ", ") "}")))
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parents:
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419
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parents:
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420 (defun json-encode-list (list)
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diff changeset
421 "Return a JSON representation of LIST.
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422 Tries to DWIM: simple lists become JSON arrays, while alists and plists
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423 become JSON objects."
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424 (cond ((null list) "null")
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425 ((json-alist-p list) (json-encode-alist list))
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426 ((json-plist-p list) (json-encode-plist list))
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427 ((listp list) (json-encode-array list))
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diff changeset
428 (t
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429 (signal 'json-error (list list)))))
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430
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431 ;;; Arrays
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432
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433 ;; Array parsing
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434
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435 (defun json-read-array ()
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diff changeset
436 "Read the JSON array at point."
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437 ;; Skip over the "["
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438 (json-advance)
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439 (json-skip-whitespace)
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440 ;; read values until "]"
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441 (let (elements)
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442 (while (not (char-equal (json-peek) ?\]))
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443 (push (json-read) elements)
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diff changeset
444 (json-skip-whitespace)
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diff changeset
445 (unless (char-equal (json-peek) ?\])
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diff changeset
446 (if (char-equal (json-peek) ?,)
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447 (json-advance)
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diff changeset
448 (signal 'json-error (list 'bleah)))))
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diff changeset
449 ;; Skip over the "]"
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450 (json-advance)
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451 (apply json-array-type (nreverse elements))))
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452
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453 ;; Array encoding
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454
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455 (defun json-encode-array (array)
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456 "Return a JSON representation of ARRAY."
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457 (concat "[" (mapconcat 'json-encode array ", ") "]"))
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458
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parents:
diff changeset
459
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parents:
diff changeset
460
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461 ;;; JSON reader.
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diff changeset
462
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463 (defvar json-readtable
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diff changeset
464 (let ((table
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465 '((?t json-read-keyword "true")
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466 (?f json-read-keyword "false")
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467 (?n json-read-keyword "null")
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468 (?{ json-read-object)
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469 (?\[ json-read-array)
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470 (?\" json-read-string))))
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471 (mapc (lambda (char)
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472 (push (list char 'json-read-number) table))
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diff changeset
473 '(?- ?0 ?1 ?2 ?3 ?4 ?5 ?6 ?7 ?8 ?9))
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474 table)
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475 "Readtable for JSON reader.")
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476
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diff changeset
477 (defun json-read ()
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478 "Parse and return the JSON object following point.
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479 Advances point just past JSON object."
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480 (json-skip-whitespace)
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481 (let ((char (json-peek)))
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diff changeset
482 (if (not (eq char :json-eof))
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diff changeset
483 (let ((record (cdr (assq char json-readtable))))
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diff changeset
484 (if (functionp (car record))
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diff changeset
485 (apply (car record) (cdr record))
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diff changeset
486 (signal 'json-readtable-error record)))
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diff changeset
487 (signal 'end-of-file nil))))
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diff changeset
488
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parents:
diff changeset
489 ;; Syntactic sugar for the reader
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diff changeset
490
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diff changeset
491 (defun json-read-from-string (string)
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diff changeset
492 "Read the JSON object contained in STRING and return it."
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diff changeset
493 (with-temp-buffer
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diff changeset
494 (insert string)
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diff changeset
495 (goto-char (point-min))
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diff changeset
496 (json-read)))
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parents:
diff changeset
497
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diff changeset
498 (defun json-read-file (file)
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diff changeset
499 "Read the first JSON object contained in FILE and return it."
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parents:
diff changeset
500 (with-temp-buffer
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diff changeset
501 (insert-file-contents file)
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diff changeset
502 (goto-char (point-min))
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diff changeset
503 (json-read)))
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Michael Olson <mwolson@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
504
2b55e8843eff Move lisp/net/json.el to lisp/json.el.
Michael Olson <mwolson@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
505
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Michael Olson <mwolson@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
506
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diff changeset
507 ;;; JSON encoder
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parents:
diff changeset
508
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diff changeset
509 (defun json-encode (object)
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diff changeset
510 "Return a JSON representation of OBJECT as a string."
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diff changeset
511 (cond ((memq object (list t json-null json-false))
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diff changeset
512 (json-encode-keyword object))
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diff changeset
513 ((stringp object) (json-encode-string object))
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Michael Olson <mwolson@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
514 ((keywordp object) (json-encode-string
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Michael Olson <mwolson@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
515 (substring (symbol-name object) 1)))
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Michael Olson <mwolson@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
516 ((symbolp object) (json-encode-string
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parents:
diff changeset
517 (symbol-name object)))
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parents:
diff changeset
518 ((numberp object) (json-encode-number object))
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Michael Olson <mwolson@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
519 ((arrayp object) (json-encode-array object))
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parents:
diff changeset
520 ((hash-table-p object) (json-encode-hash-table object))
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parents:
diff changeset
521 ((listp object) (json-encode-list object))
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Michael Olson <mwolson@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
522 (t (signal 'json-error (list object)))))
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Michael Olson <mwolson@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
523
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Michael Olson <mwolson@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
524 (provide 'json)
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Michael Olson <mwolson@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
525
92123
e670b615aad9 Add arch tagline
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 92086
diff changeset
526 ;; arch-tag: 15f6e4c8-b831-4172-8749-bbc680c50ea1
92061
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diff changeset
527 ;;; json.el ends here