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author | Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk> |
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date | Fri, 28 Apr 2006 23:39:02 +0000 |
parents | 0c5f9763aa55 |
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25829 | 1 \input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*- |
2 | |
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3 @setfilename ../info/message |
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4 @settitle Message Manual |
25829 | 5 @synindex fn cp |
6 @synindex vr cp | |
7 @synindex pg cp | |
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8 @copying |
25829 | 9 This file documents Message, the Emacs message composition mode. |
10 | |
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11 Copyright @copyright{} 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, |
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12 2004, 2005, 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
25829 | 13 |
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14 @quotation |
31852 | 15 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document |
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16 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or |
32314 | 17 any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no |
18 Invariant Sections, with the Front-Cover texts being ``A GNU | |
31852 | 19 Manual'', and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below. A copy of the |
20 license is included in the section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation | |
32249 | 21 License'' in the Emacs manual. |
25829 | 22 |
31852 | 23 (a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: ``You have freedom to copy and modify |
24 this GNU Manual, like GNU software. Copies published by the Free | |
25 Software Foundation raise funds for GNU development.'' | |
32249 | 26 |
27 This document is part of a collection distributed under the GNU Free | |
28 Documentation License. If you want to distribute this document | |
29 separately from the collection, you can do so by adding a copy of the | |
30 license to the document, as described in section 6 of the license. | |
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31 @end quotation |
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32 @end copying |
25829 | 33 |
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34 @dircategory Emacs |
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35 @direntry |
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36 * Message: (message). Mail and news composition mode that goes with Gnus. |
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37 @end direntry |
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38 @iftex |
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39 @finalout |
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40 @end iftex |
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41 @setchapternewpage odd |
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42 |
25829 | 43 @titlepage |
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44 @title Message Manual |
25829 | 45 |
46 @author by Lars Magne Ingebrigtsen | |
47 @page | |
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48 |
25829 | 49 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll |
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50 @insertcopying |
25829 | 51 @end titlepage |
52 @page | |
53 | |
54 @node Top | |
55 @top Message | |
56 | |
57 All message composition from Gnus (both mail and news) takes place in | |
58 Message mode buffers. | |
59 | |
60 @menu | |
61 * Interface:: Setting up message buffers. | |
62 * Commands:: Commands you can execute in message mode buffers. | |
63 * Variables:: Customizing the message buffers. | |
64 * Compatibility:: Making Message backwards compatible. | |
65 * Appendices:: More technical things. | |
66 * Index:: Variable, function and concept index. | |
67 * Key Index:: List of Message mode keys. | |
68 @end menu | |
69 | |
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70 @c Adjust ../Makefile.in if you change the following lines: |
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71 Message is distributed with Gnus. The Gnus distribution |
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72 @c |
69740 | 73 corresponding to this manual is Gnus v5.11. |
25829 | 74 |
75 | |
76 @node Interface | |
77 @chapter Interface | |
78 | |
79 When a program (or a person) wants to respond to a message -- reply, | |
80 follow up, forward, cancel -- the program (or person) should just put | |
81 point in the buffer where the message is and call the required command. | |
82 @code{Message} will then pop up a new @code{message} mode buffer with | |
83 appropriate headers filled out, and the user can edit the message before | |
84 sending it. | |
85 | |
86 @menu | |
87 * New Mail Message:: Editing a brand new mail message. | |
88 * New News Message:: Editing a brand new news message. | |
89 * Reply:: Replying via mail. | |
90 * Wide Reply:: Responding to all people via mail. | |
91 * Followup:: Following up via news. | |
92 * Canceling News:: Canceling a news article. | |
93 * Superseding:: Superseding a message. | |
94 * Forwarding:: Forwarding a message via news or mail. | |
95 * Resending:: Resending a mail message. | |
96 * Bouncing:: Bouncing a mail message. | |
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97 * Mailing Lists:: Send mail to mailing lists. |
25829 | 98 @end menu |
99 | |
100 | |
101 @node New Mail Message | |
102 @section New Mail Message | |
103 | |
104 @findex message-mail | |
31852 | 105 The @code{message-mail} command pops up a new message buffer. |
25829 | 106 |
107 Two optional parameters are accepted: The first will be used as the | |
108 @code{To} header and the second as the @code{Subject} header. If these | |
109 are @code{nil}, those two headers will be empty. | |
110 | |
111 | |
112 @node New News Message | |
113 @section New News Message | |
114 | |
115 @findex message-news | |
31852 | 116 The @code{message-news} command pops up a new message buffer. |
25829 | 117 |
118 This function accepts two optional parameters. The first will be used | |
119 as the @code{Newsgroups} header and the second as the @code{Subject} | |
120 header. If these are @code{nil}, those two headers will be empty. | |
121 | |
122 | |
123 @node Reply | |
124 @section Reply | |
125 | |
126 @findex message-reply | |
127 The @code{message-reply} function pops up a message buffer that's a | |
128 reply to the message in the current buffer. | |
129 | |
130 @vindex message-reply-to-function | |
131 Message uses the normal methods to determine where replies are to go | |
132 (@pxref{Responses}), but you can change the behavior to suit your needs | |
133 by fiddling with the @code{message-reply-to-function} variable. | |
134 | |
135 If you want the replies to go to the @code{Sender} instead of the | |
136 @code{From}, you could do something like this: | |
137 | |
138 @lisp | |
139 (setq message-reply-to-function | |
140 (lambda () | |
141 (cond ((equal (mail-fetch-field "from") "somebody") | |
31852 | 142 (list (cons 'To (mail-fetch-field "sender")))) |
143 (t | |
25829 | 144 nil)))) |
145 @end lisp | |
146 | |
147 This function will be called narrowed to the head of the article that is | |
148 being replied to. | |
149 | |
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150 As you can see, this function should return a list. In this case, it |
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151 returns @code{((To . "Whom"))} if it has an opinion as to what the To |
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152 header should be. If it does not, it should just return @code{nil}, and |
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153 the normal methods for determining the To header will be used. |
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154 |
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155 Each list element should be a cons, where the @sc{car} should be the |
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156 name of a header (e.g. @code{Cc}) and the @sc{cdr} should be the header |
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157 value (e.g. @samp{larsi@@ifi.uio.no}). All these headers will be |
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158 inserted into the head of the outgoing mail. |
25829 | 159 |
160 | |
161 @node Wide Reply | |
162 @section Wide Reply | |
163 | |
164 @findex message-wide-reply | |
165 The @code{message-wide-reply} pops up a message buffer that's a wide | |
166 reply to the message in the current buffer. A @dfn{wide reply} is a | |
167 reply that goes out to all people listed in the @code{To}, @code{From} | |
168 (or @code{Reply-to}) and @code{Cc} headers. | |
169 | |
170 @vindex message-wide-reply-to-function | |
171 Message uses the normal methods to determine where wide replies are to go, | |
172 but you can change the behavior to suit your needs by fiddling with the | |
173 @code{message-wide-reply-to-function}. It is used in the same way as | |
31852 | 174 @code{message-reply-to-function} (@pxref{Reply}). |
25829 | 175 |
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176 @vindex message-dont-reply-to-names |
31852 | 177 Addresses that match the @code{message-dont-reply-to-names} regular |
25829 | 178 expression will be removed from the @code{Cc} header. |
179 | |
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180 @vindex message-wide-reply-confirm-recipients |
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181 If @code{message-wide-reply-confirm-recipients} is non-@code{nil} you |
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182 will be asked to confirm that you want to reply to multiple |
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183 recipients. The default is @code{nil}. |
25829 | 184 |
185 @node Followup | |
186 @section Followup | |
187 | |
188 @findex message-followup | |
189 The @code{message-followup} command pops up a message buffer that's a | |
190 followup to the message in the current buffer. | |
191 | |
192 @vindex message-followup-to-function | |
193 Message uses the normal methods to determine where followups are to go, | |
194 but you can change the behavior to suit your needs by fiddling with the | |
195 @code{message-followup-to-function}. It is used in the same way as | |
196 @code{message-reply-to-function} (@pxref{Reply}). | |
197 | |
198 @vindex message-use-followup-to | |
199 The @code{message-use-followup-to} variable says what to do about | |
200 @code{Followup-To} headers. If it is @code{use}, always use the value. | |
201 If it is @code{ask} (which is the default), ask whether to use the | |
202 value. If it is @code{t}, use the value unless it is @samp{poster}. If | |
203 it is @code{nil}, don't use the value. | |
204 | |
205 | |
206 @node Canceling News | |
207 @section Canceling News | |
208 | |
209 @findex message-cancel-news | |
210 The @code{message-cancel-news} command cancels the article in the | |
211 current buffer. | |
212 | |
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213 @vindex message-cancel-message |
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214 The value of @code{message-cancel-message} is inserted in the body of |
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215 the cancel message. The default is @samp{I am canceling my own |
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216 article.}. |
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217 |
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218 @cindex Cancel Locks |
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219 @vindex message-insert-canlock |
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220 @cindex canlock |
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221 When Message posts news messages, it inserts @code{Cancel-Lock} |
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222 headers by default. This is a cryptographic header that ensures that |
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223 only you can cancel your own messages, which is nice. The downside |
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224 is that if you lose your @file{.emacs} file (which is where Gnus |
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225 stores the secret cancel lock password (which is generated |
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226 automatically the first time you use this feature)), you won't be |
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227 able to cancel your message. If you want to manage a password yourself, |
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228 you can put something like the following in your @file{~/.gnus.el} file: |
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229 |
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230 @lisp |
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231 (setq canlock-password "geheimnis" |
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232 canlock-password-for-verify canlock-password) |
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233 @end lisp |
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234 |
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235 Whether to insert the header or not is controlled by the |
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236 @code{message-insert-canlock} variable. |
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237 |
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238 Not many news servers respect the @code{Cancel-Lock} header yet, but |
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239 this is expected to change in the future. |
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240 |
25829 | 241 |
242 @node Superseding | |
243 @section Superseding | |
244 | |
245 @findex message-supersede | |
246 The @code{message-supersede} command pops up a message buffer that will | |
247 supersede the message in the current buffer. | |
248 | |
249 @vindex message-ignored-supersedes-headers | |
250 Headers matching the @code{message-ignored-supersedes-headers} are | |
251 removed before popping up the new message buffer. The default is@* | |
252 @samp{^Path:\\|^Date\\|^NNTP-Posting-Host:\\|^Xref:\\|^Lines:\\|@* | |
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253 ^Received:\\|^X-From-Line:\\|^X-Trace:\\|^X-Complaints-To:\\|@* |
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254 Return-Path:\\|^Supersedes:\\|^NNTP-Posting-Date:\\|^X-Trace:\\|@* |
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255 ^X-Complaints-To:\\|^Cancel-Lock:\\|^Cancel-Key:\\|^X-Hashcash:\\|@* |
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256 ^X-Payment:}. |
25829 | 257 |
258 | |
259 | |
260 @node Forwarding | |
261 @section Forwarding | |
262 | |
263 @findex message-forward | |
264 The @code{message-forward} command pops up a message buffer to forward | |
265 the message in the current buffer. If given a prefix, forward using | |
266 news. | |
267 | |
268 @table @code | |
31852 | 269 @item message-forward-ignored-headers |
270 @vindex message-forward-ignored-headers | |
271 All headers that match this regexp will be deleted when forwarding a message. | |
25829 | 272 |
273 @item message-make-forward-subject-function | |
274 @vindex message-make-forward-subject-function | |
275 A list of functions that are called to generate a subject header for | |
276 forwarded messages. The subject generated by the previous function is | |
277 passed into each successive function. | |
278 | |
279 The provided functions are: | |
280 | |
281 @table @code | |
282 @item message-forward-subject-author-subject | |
283 @findex message-forward-subject-author-subject | |
284 Source of article (author or newsgroup), in brackets followed by the | |
285 subject. | |
286 | |
287 @item message-forward-subject-fwd | |
288 Subject of article with @samp{Fwd:} prepended to it. | |
289 @end table | |
290 | |
291 @item message-wash-forwarded-subjects | |
292 @vindex message-wash-forwarded-subjects | |
293 If this variable is @code{t}, the subjects of forwarded messages have | |
31852 | 294 the evidence of previous forwards (such as @samp{Fwd:}, @samp{Re:}, |
25829 | 295 @samp{(fwd)}) removed before the new subject is |
296 constructed. The default value is @code{nil}. | |
297 | |
31852 | 298 @item message-forward-as-mime |
299 @vindex message-forward-as-mime | |
300 If this variable is @code{t} (the default), forwarded messages are | |
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301 included as inline @acronym{MIME} RFC822 parts. If it's @code{nil}, forwarded |
31852 | 302 messages will just be copied inline to the new message, like previous, |
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303 non @acronym{MIME}-savvy versions of Gnus would do. |
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304 |
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305 @item message-forward-before-signature |
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306 @vindex message-forward-before-signature |
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307 If non-@code{nil}, put forwarded message before signature, else after. |
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308 |
25829 | 309 @end table |
310 | |
311 | |
312 @node Resending | |
313 @section Resending | |
314 | |
315 @findex message-resend | |
316 The @code{message-resend} command will prompt the user for an address | |
317 and resend the message in the current buffer to that address. | |
318 | |
319 @vindex message-ignored-resent-headers | |
320 Headers that match the @code{message-ignored-resent-headers} regexp will | |
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321 be removed before sending the message. |
25829 | 322 |
323 | |
324 @node Bouncing | |
325 @section Bouncing | |
326 | |
327 @findex message-bounce | |
328 The @code{message-bounce} command will, if the current buffer contains a | |
329 bounced mail message, pop up a message buffer stripped of the bounce | |
330 information. A @dfn{bounced message} is typically a mail you've sent | |
331 out that has been returned by some @code{mailer-daemon} as | |
31852 | 332 undeliverable. |
25829 | 333 |
334 @vindex message-ignored-bounced-headers | |
335 Headers that match the @code{message-ignored-bounced-headers} regexp | |
336 will be removed before popping up the buffer. The default is | |
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337 @samp{^\\(Received\\|Return-Path\\|Delivered-To\\):}. |
25829 | 338 |
339 | |
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340 @node Mailing Lists |
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341 @section Mailing Lists |
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342 |
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343 @cindex Mail-Followup-To |
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344 Sometimes while posting to mailing lists, the poster needs to direct |
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345 followups to the post to specific places. The Mail-Followup-To (MFT) |
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346 was created to enable just this. Three example scenarios where this is |
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347 useful: |
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348 |
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349 @itemize @bullet |
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350 @item |
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351 A mailing list poster can use MFT to express that responses should be |
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352 sent to just the list, and not the poster as well. This will happen |
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353 if the poster is already subscribed to the list. |
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354 |
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355 @item |
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356 A mailing list poster can use MFT to express that responses should be |
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357 sent to the list and the poster as well. This will happen if the poster |
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358 is not subscribed to the list. |
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359 |
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360 @item |
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361 If a message is posted to several mailing lists, MFT may also be used |
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362 to direct the following discussion to one list only, because |
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363 discussions that are spread over several lists tend to be fragmented |
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364 and very difficult to follow. |
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365 |
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366 @end itemize |
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367 |
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368 Gnus honors the MFT header in other's messages (i.e. while following |
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369 up to someone else's post) and also provides support for generating |
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370 sensible MFT headers for outgoing messages as well. |
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371 |
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372 @c @menu |
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373 @c * Honoring an MFT post:: What to do when one already exists |
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374 @c * Composing with a MFT header:: Creating one from scratch. |
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375 @c @end menu |
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376 |
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377 @c @node Composing with a MFT header |
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378 @subsection Composing a correct MFT header automagically |
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379 |
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380 The first step in getting Gnus to automagically generate a MFT header |
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381 in posts you make is to give Gnus a list of the mailing lists |
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382 addresses you are subscribed to. You can do this in more than one |
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383 way. The following variables would come in handy. |
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384 |
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385 @table @code |
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386 |
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387 @vindex message-subscribed-addresses |
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388 @item message-subscribed-addresses |
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389 This should be a list of addresses the user is subscribed to. Its |
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390 default value is @code{nil}. Example: |
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391 @lisp |
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392 (setq message-subscribed-addresses |
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393 '("ding@@gnus.org" "bing@@noose.org")) |
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394 @end lisp |
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395 |
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396 @vindex message-subscribed-regexps |
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397 @item message-subscribed-regexps |
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398 This should be a list of regexps denoting the addresses of mailing |
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399 lists subscribed to. Default value is @code{nil}. Example: If you |
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400 want to achieve the same result as above: |
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401 @lisp |
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402 (setq message-subscribed-regexps |
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403 '("\\(ding@@gnus\\)\\|\\(bing@@noose\\)\\.org") |
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404 @end lisp |
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405 |
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406 @vindex message-subscribed-address-functions |
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407 @item message-subscribed-address-functions |
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408 This can be a list of functions to be called (one at a time!!) to |
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409 determine the value of MFT headers. It is advisable that these |
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410 functions not take any arguments. Default value is @code{nil}. |
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411 |
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412 There is a pre-defined function in Gnus that is a good candidate for |
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413 this variable. @code{gnus-find-subscribed-addresses} is a function |
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414 that returns a list of addresses corresponding to the groups that have |
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415 the @code{subscribed} (@pxref{Group Parameters, ,Group Parameters, |
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416 gnus, The Gnus Manual}) group parameter set to a non-@code{nil} value. |
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417 This is how you would do it. |
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418 |
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419 @lisp |
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420 (setq message-subscribed-address-functions |
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421 '(gnus-find-subscribed-addresses)) |
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422 @end lisp |
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423 |
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424 @vindex message-subscribed-address-file |
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425 @item message-subscribed-address-file |
63636 | 426 You might be one organized human freak and have a list of addresses of |
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427 all subscribed mailing lists in a separate file! Then you can just |
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428 set this variable to the name of the file and life would be good. |
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429 |
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430 @end table |
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431 |
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432 You can use one or more of the above variables. All their values are |
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433 ``added'' in some way that works :-) |
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434 |
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435 Now you are all set. Just start composing a message as you normally do. |
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436 And just send it; as always. Just before the message is sent out, Gnus' |
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437 MFT generation thingy kicks in and checks if the message already has a |
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438 MFT field. If there is one, it is left alone. (Except if it's empty - |
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439 in that case, the field is removed and is not replaced with an |
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440 automatically generated one. This lets you disable MFT generation on a |
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441 per-message basis.) If there is none, then the list of recipient |
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442 addresses (in the To: and Cc: headers) is checked to see if one of them |
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443 is a list address you are subscribed to. If none of them is a list |
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444 address, then no MFT is generated; otherwise, a MFT is added to the |
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445 other headers and set to the value of all addresses in To: and Cc: |
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446 |
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447 @kindex C-c C-f C-a |
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448 @findex message-generate-unsubscribed-mail-followup-to |
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449 @kindex C-c C-f C-m |
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450 @findex message-goto-mail-followup-to |
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451 Hm. ``So'', you ask, ``what if I send an email to a list I am not |
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452 subscribed to? I want my MFT to say that I want an extra copy.'' (This |
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453 is supposed to be interpreted by others the same way as if there were no |
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454 MFT, but you can use an explicit MFT to override someone else's |
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455 to-address group parameter.) The function |
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456 @code{message-generate-unsubscribed-mail-followup-to} might come in |
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457 handy. It is bound to @kbd{C-c C-f C-a} by default. In any case, you |
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458 can insert a MFT of your own choice; @kbd{C-c C-f C-m} |
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459 (@code{message-goto-mail-followup-to}) will help you get started. |
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460 |
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461 @c @node Honoring an MFT post |
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462 @subsection Honoring an MFT post |
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463 |
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464 @vindex message-use-mail-followup-to |
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465 When you followup to a post on a mailing list, and the post has a MFT |
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466 header, Gnus' action will depend on the value of the variable |
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467 @code{message-use-mail-followup-to}. This variable can be one of: |
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468 |
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469 @table @code |
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470 @item use |
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471 Always honor MFTs. The To: and Cc: headers in your followup will be |
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472 derived from the MFT header of the original post. This is the default. |
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473 |
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474 @item nil |
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475 Always dishonor MFTs (just ignore the darned thing) |
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476 |
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477 @item ask |
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478 Gnus will prompt you for an action. |
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479 |
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480 @end table |
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481 |
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482 It is considered good netiquette to honor MFT, as it is assumed the |
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483 fellow who posted a message knows where the followups need to go |
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484 better than you do. |
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485 |
25829 | 486 @node Commands |
487 @chapter Commands | |
488 | |
489 @menu | |
35614 | 490 * Buffer Entry:: Commands after entering a Message buffer. |
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491 * Header Commands:: Commands for moving headers or changing headers. |
25829 | 492 * Movement:: Moving around in message buffers. |
493 * Insertion:: Inserting things into message buffers. | |
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494 * MIME:: @acronym{MIME} considerations. |
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495 * IDNA:: Non-@acronym{ASCII} domain name considerations. |
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496 * Security:: Signing and encrypting messages. |
25829 | 497 * Various Commands:: Various things. |
498 * Sending:: Actually sending the message. | |
499 * Mail Aliases:: How to use mail aliases. | |
35614 | 500 * Spelling:: Having Emacs check your spelling. |
25829 | 501 @end menu |
502 | |
503 | |
35614 | 504 @node Buffer Entry |
505 @section Buffer Entry | |
506 @cindex undo | |
507 @kindex C-_ | |
508 | |
509 You most often end up in a Message buffer when responding to some other | |
510 message of some sort. Message does lots of handling of quoted text, and | |
511 may remove signatures, reformat the text, or the like---depending on | |
512 which used settings you're using. Message usually gets things right, | |
513 but sometimes it stumbles. To help the user unwind these stumblings, | |
514 Message sets the undo boundary before each major automatic action it | |
515 takes. If you press the undo key (usually located at @kbd{C-_}) a few | |
516 times, you will get back the un-edited message you're responding to. | |
517 | |
518 | |
25829 | 519 @node Header Commands |
520 @section Header Commands | |
521 | |
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522 @subsection Commands for moving to headers |
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523 |
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524 These following commands move to the header in question. If it doesn't |
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525 exist, it will be inserted. |
25829 | 526 |
527 @table @kbd | |
528 | |
529 @item C-c ? | |
530 @kindex C-c ? | |
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531 @findex describe-mode |
25829 | 532 Describe the message mode. |
533 | |
534 @item C-c C-f C-t | |
31852 | 535 @kindex C-c C-f C-t |
25829 | 536 @findex message-goto-to |
537 Go to the @code{To} header (@code{message-goto-to}). | |
538 | |
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539 @item C-c C-f C-o |
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540 @kindex C-c C-f C-o |
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541 @findex message-goto-from |
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542 Go to the @code{From} header (@code{message-goto-from}). (The ``o'' |
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543 in the key binding is for Originator.) |
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544 |
25829 | 545 @item C-c C-f C-b |
31852 | 546 @kindex C-c C-f C-b |
25829 | 547 @findex message-goto-bcc |
548 Go to the @code{Bcc} header (@code{message-goto-bcc}). | |
549 | |
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550 @item C-c C-f C-f |
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551 @kindex C-c C-f C-f |
25829 | 552 @findex message-goto-fcc |
553 Go to the @code{Fcc} header (@code{message-goto-fcc}). | |
554 | |
555 @item C-c C-f C-c | |
31852 | 556 @kindex C-c C-f C-c |
25829 | 557 @findex message-goto-cc |
558 Go to the @code{Cc} header (@code{message-goto-cc}). | |
559 | |
560 @item C-c C-f C-s | |
31852 | 561 @kindex C-c C-f C-s |
25829 | 562 @findex message-goto-subject |
563 Go to the @code{Subject} header (@code{message-goto-subject}). | |
564 | |
565 @item C-c C-f C-r | |
31852 | 566 @kindex C-c C-f C-r |
25829 | 567 @findex message-goto-reply-to |
568 Go to the @code{Reply-To} header (@code{message-goto-reply-to}). | |
569 | |
570 @item C-c C-f C-n | |
31852 | 571 @kindex C-c C-f C-n |
25829 | 572 @findex message-goto-newsgroups |
573 Go to the @code{Newsgroups} header (@code{message-goto-newsgroups}). | |
574 | |
575 @item C-c C-f C-d | |
31852 | 576 @kindex C-c C-f C-d |
25829 | 577 @findex message-goto-distribution |
578 Go to the @code{Distribution} header (@code{message-goto-distribution}). | |
579 | |
56927
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580 @item C-c C-f C-o |
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581 @kindex C-c C-f C-o |
25829 | 582 @findex message-goto-followup-to |
583 Go to the @code{Followup-To} header (@code{message-goto-followup-to}). | |
584 | |
585 @item C-c C-f C-k | |
31852 | 586 @kindex C-c C-f C-k |
25829 | 587 @findex message-goto-keywords |
588 Go to the @code{Keywords} header (@code{message-goto-keywords}). | |
589 | |
590 @item C-c C-f C-u | |
31852 | 591 @kindex C-c C-f C-u |
25829 | 592 @findex message-goto-summary |
593 Go to the @code{Summary} header (@code{message-goto-summary}). | |
594 | |
56927
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595 @item C-c C-f C-i |
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596 @kindex C-c C-f C-i |
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597 @findex message-insert-or-toggle-importance |
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598 This inserts the @samp{Importance:} header with a value of |
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599 @samp{high}. This header is used to signal the importance of the |
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600 message to the receiver. If the header is already present in the |
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601 buffer, it cycles between the three valid values according to RFC |
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602 1376: @samp{low}, @samp{normal} and @samp{high}. |
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603 |
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604 @item C-c C-f C-a |
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605 @kindex C-c C-f C-a |
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606 @findex message-generate-unsubscribed-mail-followup-to |
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607 Insert a reasonable @samp{Mail-Followup-To:} header |
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608 (@pxref{Mailing Lists}) in a post to an |
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609 unsubscribed list. When making original posts to a mailing list you are |
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610 not subscribed to, you have to type in a @samp{Mail-Followup-To:} header |
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611 by hand. The contents, usually, are the addresses of the list and your |
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612 own address. This function inserts such a header automatically. It |
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613 fetches the contents of the @samp{To:} header in the current mail |
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614 buffer, and appends the current @code{user-mail-address}. |
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615 |
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616 If the optional argument @code{include-cc} is non-@code{nil}, the |
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617 addresses in the @samp{Cc:} header are also put into the |
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618 @samp{Mail-Followup-To:} header. |
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619 |
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620 @end table |
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621 |
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622 @subsection Commands to change headers |
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623 |
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624 @table @kbd |
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625 |
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626 @item C-c C-o |
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627 @kindex C-c C-o |
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628 @findex message-sort-headers |
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629 @vindex message-header-format-alist |
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630 Sort headers according to @code{message-header-format-alist} |
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631 (@code{message-sort-headers}). |
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632 |
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633 @item C-c C-t |
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634 @kindex C-c C-t |
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635 @findex message-insert-to |
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636 Insert a @code{To} header that contains the @code{Reply-To} or |
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637 @code{From} header of the message you're following up |
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638 (@code{message-insert-to}). |
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639 |
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640 @item C-c C-n |
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641 @kindex C-c C-n |
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642 @findex message-insert-newsgroups |
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643 Insert a @code{Newsgroups} header that reflects the @code{Followup-To} |
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644 or @code{Newsgroups} header of the article you're replying to |
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645 (@code{message-insert-newsgroups}). |
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646 |
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647 @item C-c C-l |
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648 @kindex C-c C-l |
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649 @findex message-to-list-only |
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650 Send a message to the list only. Remove all addresses but the list |
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651 address from @code{To:} and @code{Cc:} headers. |
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652 |
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653 @item C-c M-n |
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654 @kindex C-c M-n |
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655 @findex message-insert-disposition-notification-to |
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656 Insert a request for a disposition |
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657 notification. (@code{message-insert-disposition-notification-to}). |
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658 This means that if the recipient support RFC 2298 she might send you a |
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659 notification that she received the message. |
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660 |
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661 @item M-x message-insert-importance-high |
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662 @kindex M-x message-insert-importance-high |
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663 @findex message-insert-importance-high |
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664 @cindex Importance |
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665 Insert an @samp{Importance} header with a value of @samp{high}, |
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666 deleting headers if necessary. |
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667 |
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668 @item M-x message-insert-importance-low |
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669 @kindex M-x message-insert-importance-low |
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670 @findex message-insert-importance-low |
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671 @cindex Importance |
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672 Insert an @samp{Importance} header with a value of @samp{low}, deleting |
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673 headers if necessary. |
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674 |
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675 @item C-c C-f s |
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676 @kindex C-c C-f s |
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677 @findex message-change-subject |
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678 @cindex Subject |
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679 Change the current @samp{Subject} header. Ask for new @samp{Subject} |
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680 header and append @samp{(was: <Old Subject>)}. The old subject can be |
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681 stripped on replying, see @code{message-subject-trailing-was-query} |
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682 (@pxref{Message Headers}). |
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683 |
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684 @item C-c C-f x |
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685 @kindex C-c C-f x |
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686 @findex message-cross-post-followup-to |
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687 @vindex message-cross-post-default |
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688 @vindex message-cross-post-note-function |
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689 @cindex X-Post |
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690 @cindex cross-post |
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691 Set up the @samp{FollowUp-To} header with a target newsgroup for a |
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692 cross-post, add that target newsgroup to the @samp{Newsgroups} header if |
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693 it is not a member of @samp{Newsgroups}, and insert a note in the body. |
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694 If @code{message-cross-post-default} is @code{nil} or if this command is |
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695 called with a prefix-argument, only the @samp{FollowUp-To} header will |
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696 be set but the the target newsgroup will not be added to the |
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697 @samp{Newsgroups} header. The function to insert a note is controlled |
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698 by the @code{message-cross-post-note-function} variable. |
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699 |
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700 @item C-c C-f t |
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701 @kindex C-c C-f t |
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702 @findex message-reduce-to-to-cc |
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703 Replace contents of @samp{To} header with contents of @samp{Cc} or |
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704 @samp{Bcc} header. (Iff @samp{Cc} header is not present, @samp{Bcc} |
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705 header will be used instead.) |
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706 |
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707 @item C-c C-f w |
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708 @kindex C-c C-f w |
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709 @findex message-insert-wide-reply |
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710 Insert @samp{To} and @samp{Cc} headers as if you were doing a wide |
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711 reply even if the message was not made for a wide reply first. |
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712 |
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713 @item C-c C-f a |
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714 @kindex C-c C-f a |
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715 @findex message-add-archive-header |
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716 @vindex message-archive-header |
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717 @vindex message-archive-note |
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718 @cindex X-No-Archive |
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719 Insert @samp{X-No-Archive: Yes} in the header and a note in the body. |
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720 The header and the note can be customized using |
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721 @code{message-archive-header} and @code{message-archive-note}. When |
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722 called with a prefix argument, ask for a text to insert. If you don't |
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723 want the note in the body, set @code{message-archive-note} to |
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724 @code{nil}. |
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725 |
25829 | 726 @end table |
727 | |
728 | |
729 @node Movement | |
730 @section Movement | |
731 | |
732 @table @kbd | |
733 @item C-c C-b | |
31852 | 734 @kindex C-c C-b |
25829 | 735 @findex message-goto-body |
736 Move to the beginning of the body of the message | |
31852 | 737 (@code{message-goto-body}). |
25829 | 738 |
739 @item C-c C-i | |
31852 | 740 @kindex C-c C-i |
25829 | 741 @findex message-goto-signature |
742 Move to the signature of the message (@code{message-goto-signature}). | |
743 | |
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744 @item C-a |
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745 @kindex C-a |
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746 @findex message-beginning-of-line |
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747 @vindex message-beginning-of-line |
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748 If at beginning of header value, go to beginning of line, else go to |
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749 beginning of header value. (The header value comes after the header |
63600 | 750 name and the colon.) This behavior can be disabled by toggling |
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751 the variable @code{message-beginning-of-line}. |
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752 |
25829 | 753 @end table |
754 | |
755 | |
756 @node Insertion | |
757 @section Insertion | |
758 | |
759 @table @kbd | |
760 | |
761 @item C-c C-y | |
31852 | 762 @kindex C-c C-y |
25829 | 763 @findex message-yank-original |
764 Yank the message that's being replied to into the message buffer | |
31852 | 765 (@code{message-yank-original}). |
766 | |
40705 | 767 @item C-c C-M-y |
768 @kindex C-c C-M-y | |
31852 | 769 @findex message-yank-buffer |
770 Prompt for a buffer name and yank the contents of that buffer into the | |
771 message buffer (@code{message-yank-buffer}). | |
25829 | 772 |
773 @item C-c C-q | |
31852 | 774 @kindex C-c C-q |
25829 | 775 @findex message-fill-yanked-message |
776 Fill the yanked message (@code{message-fill-yanked-message}). Warning: | |
777 Can severely mess up the yanked text if its quoting conventions are | |
778 strange. You'll quickly get a feel for when it's safe, though. Anyway, | |
779 just remember that @kbd{C-x u} (@code{undo}) is available and you'll be | |
780 all right. | |
781 | |
782 @item C-c C-w | |
31852 | 783 @kindex C-c C-w |
25829 | 784 @findex message-insert-signature |
785 Insert a signature at the end of the buffer | |
31852 | 786 (@code{message-insert-signature}). |
787 | |
788 @item C-c M-h | |
789 @kindex C-c M-h | |
790 @findex message-insert-headers | |
791 Insert the message headers (@code{message-insert-headers}). | |
25829 | 792 |
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793 @item C-c M-m |
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794 @kindex C-c M-m |
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795 @findex message-mark-inserted-region |
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796 Mark some region in the current article with enclosing tags. |
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797 See @code{message-mark-insert-begin} and @code{message-mark-insert-end}. |
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798 |
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799 @item C-c M-f |
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800 @kindex C-c M-f |
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801 @findex message-mark-insert-file |
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802 Insert a file in the current article with enclosing tags. |
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803 See @code{message-mark-insert-begin} and @code{message-mark-insert-end}. |
25829 | 804 |
805 @end table | |
806 | |
807 | |
31852 | 808 @node MIME |
809 @section MIME | |
810 @cindex MML | |
811 @cindex MIME | |
812 @cindex multipart | |
813 @cindex attachment | |
814 | |
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815 Message is a @acronym{MIME}-compliant posting agent. The user generally |
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816 doesn't have to do anything to make the @acronym{MIME} happen---Message will |
31852 | 817 automatically add the @code{Content-Type} and |
818 @code{Content-Transfer-Encoding} headers. | |
819 | |
820 The most typical thing users want to use the multipart things in | |
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821 @acronym{MIME} for is to add ``attachments'' to mail they send out. This can |
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822 be done with the @kbd{C-c C-a} command, which will prompt for a file |
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823 name and a @acronym{MIME} type. |
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824 |
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825 You can also create arbitrarily complex multiparts using the @acronym{MML} |
31852 | 826 language (@pxref{Composing, , Composing, emacs-mime, The Emacs MIME |
827 Manual}). | |
828 | |
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829 @node IDNA |
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830 @section IDNA |
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831 @cindex IDNA |
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832 @cindex internationalized domain names |
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833 @cindex non-ascii domain names |
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834 |
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835 Message is a @acronym{IDNA}-compliant posting agent. The user |
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836 generally doesn't have to do anything to make the @acronym{IDNA} |
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837 happen---Message will encode non-@acronym{ASCII} domain names in @code{From}, |
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838 @code{To}, and @code{Cc} headers automatically. |
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839 |
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840 Until @acronym{IDNA} becomes more well known, Message queries you |
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841 whether @acronym{IDNA} encoding of the domain name really should |
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842 occur. Some users might not be aware that domain names can contain |
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843 non-@acronym{ASCII} now, so this gives them a safety net if they accidently |
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844 typed a non-@acronym{ASCII} domain name. |
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845 |
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846 @vindex message-use-idna |
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847 The @code{message-use-idna} variable control whether @acronym{IDNA} is |
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848 used. If the variable is @code{nil} no @acronym{IDNA} encoding will |
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849 ever happen, if it is set to the symbol @code{ask} the user will be |
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850 queried, and if set to @code{t} (which is the default if @acronym{IDNA} |
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851 is fully available) @acronym{IDNA} encoding happens automatically. |
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852 |
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853 @findex message-idna-to-ascii-rhs |
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854 If you want to experiment with the @acronym{IDNA} encoding, you can |
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855 invoke @kbd{M-x message-idna-to-ascii-rhs RET} in the message buffer |
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856 to have the non-@acronym{ASCII} domain names encoded while you edit |
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857 the message. |
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858 |
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859 Note that you must have @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/libidn/, GNU |
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860 Libidn} installed in order to use this functionality. |
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861 |
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862 @node Security |
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863 @section Security |
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864 @cindex Security |
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865 @cindex S/MIME |
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866 @cindex PGP |
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867 @cindex PGP/MIME |
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868 @cindex sign |
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869 @cindex encrypt |
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870 @cindex secure |
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871 |
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872 Using the @acronym{MML} language, Message is able to create digitally |
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873 signed and digitally encrypted messages. Message (or rather |
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874 @acronym{MML}) currently support @acronym{PGP} (RFC 1991), |
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875 @acronym{PGP/MIME} (RFC 2015/3156) and @acronym{S/MIME}. Instructing |
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876 @acronym{MML} to perform security operations on a @acronym{MIME} part is |
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877 done using the @kbd{C-c C-m s} key map for signing and the @kbd{C-c C-m |
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878 c} key map for encryption, as follows. |
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879 |
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880 @table @kbd |
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881 |
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882 @item C-c C-m s s |
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883 @kindex C-c C-m s s |
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884 @findex mml-secure-message-sign-smime |
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885 |
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886 Digitally sign current message using @acronym{S/MIME}. |
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887 |
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888 @item C-c C-m s o |
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889 @kindex C-c C-m s o |
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890 @findex mml-secure-message-sign-pgp |
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891 |
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892 Digitally sign current message using @acronym{PGP}. |
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893 |
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894 @item C-c C-m s p |
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895 @kindex C-c C-m s p |
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896 @findex mml-secure-message-sign-pgpmime |
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897 |
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898 Digitally sign current message using @acronym{PGP/MIME}. |
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899 |
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900 @item C-c C-m c s |
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901 @kindex C-c C-m c s |
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902 @findex mml-secure-message-encrypt-smime |
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903 |
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904 Digitally encrypt current message using @acronym{S/MIME}. |
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905 |
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906 @item C-c C-m c o |
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907 @kindex C-c C-m c o |
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908 @findex mml-secure-message-encrypt-pgp |
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909 |
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910 Digitally encrypt current message using @acronym{PGP}. |
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911 |
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912 @item C-c C-m c p |
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913 @kindex C-c C-m c p |
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914 @findex mml-secure-message-encrypt-pgpmime |
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915 |
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916 Digitally encrypt current message using @acronym{PGP/MIME}. |
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917 |
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918 @item C-c C-m C-n |
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919 @kindex C-c C-m C-n |
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920 @findex mml-unsecure-message |
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921 Remove security related @acronym{MML} tags from message. |
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922 |
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923 @end table |
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924 |
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925 These commands do not immediately sign or encrypt the message, they |
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926 merely insert the proper @acronym{MML} secure tag to instruct the |
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927 @acronym{MML} engine to perform that operation when the message is |
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928 actually sent. They may perform other operations too, such as locating |
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929 and retrieving a @acronym{S/MIME} certificate of the person you wish to |
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930 send encrypted mail to. When the mml parsing engine converts your |
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931 @acronym{MML} into a properly encoded @acronym{MIME} message, the secure |
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932 tag will be replaced with either a part or a multipart tag. If your |
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933 message contains other mml parts, a multipart tag will be used; if no |
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934 other parts are present in your message a single part tag will be used. |
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935 This way, message mode will do the Right Thing (TM) with |
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936 signed/encrypted multipart messages. |
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937 |
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938 Since signing and especially encryption often is used when sensitive |
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939 information is sent, you may want to have some way to ensure that your |
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940 mail is actually signed or encrypted. After invoking the above |
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941 sign/encrypt commands, it is possible to preview the raw article by |
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942 using @kbd{C-u C-c RET P} (@code{mml-preview}). Then you can |
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943 verify that your long rant about what your ex-significant other or |
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944 whomever actually did with that funny looking person at that strange |
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945 party the other night, actually will be sent encrypted. |
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946 |
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947 @emph{Note!} Neither @acronym{PGP/MIME} nor @acronym{S/MIME} encrypt/signs |
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948 RFC822 headers. They only operate on the @acronym{MIME} object. Keep this |
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949 in mind before sending mail with a sensitive Subject line. |
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950 |
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951 By default, when encrypting a message, Gnus will use the |
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952 ``signencrypt'' mode, which means the message is both signed and |
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953 encrypted. If you would like to disable this for a particular |
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954 message, give the @code{mml-secure-message-encrypt-*} command a prefix |
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955 argument, e.g., @kbd{C-u C-c C-m c p}. |
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956 |
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957 Actually using the security commands above is not very difficult. At |
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958 least not compared with making sure all involved programs talk with each |
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959 other properly. Thus, we now describe what external libraries or |
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960 programs are required to make things work, and some small general hints. |
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961 |
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962 @subsection Using S/MIME |
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963 |
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964 @emph{Note!} This section assume you have a basic familiarity with |
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965 modern cryptography, @acronym{S/MIME}, various PKCS standards, OpenSSL and |
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966 so on. |
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967 |
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968 The @acronym{S/MIME} support in Message (and @acronym{MML}) require |
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969 OpenSSL. OpenSSL performs the actual @acronym{S/MIME} sign/encrypt |
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970 operations. OpenSSL can be found at @uref{http://www.openssl.org/}. |
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971 OpenSSL 0.9.6 and later should work. Version 0.9.5a cannot extract mail |
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972 addresses from certificates, and it insert a spurious CR character into |
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973 @acronym{MIME} separators so you may wish to avoid it if you would like |
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974 to avoid being regarded as someone who send strange mail. (Although by |
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975 sending @acronym{S/MIME} messages you've probably already lost that |
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976 contest.) |
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977 |
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978 To be able to send encrypted mail, a personal certificate is not |
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979 required. Message (@acronym{MML}) need a certificate for the person to whom you |
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980 wish to communicate with though. You're asked for this when you type |
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981 @kbd{C-c C-m c s}. Currently there are two ways to retrieve this |
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982 certificate, from a local file or from DNS. If you chose a local |
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983 file, it need to contain a X.509 certificate in @acronym{PEM} format. |
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984 If you chose DNS, you're asked for the domain name where the |
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985 certificate is stored, the default is a good guess. To my belief, |
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986 Message (@acronym{MML}) is the first mail agent in the world to support |
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987 retrieving @acronym{S/MIME} certificates from DNS, so you're not |
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988 likely to find very many certificates out there. At least there |
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989 should be one, stored at the domain @code{simon.josefsson.org}. LDAP |
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990 is a more popular method of distributing certificates, support for it |
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991 is planned. (Meanwhile, you can use @code{ldapsearch} from the |
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992 command line to retrieve a certificate into a file and use it.) |
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993 |
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994 As for signing messages, OpenSSL can't perform signing operations |
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995 without some kind of configuration. Especially, you need to tell it |
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996 where your private key and your certificate is stored. @acronym{MML} |
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997 uses an Emacs interface to OpenSSL, aptly named @code{smime.el}, and it |
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998 contain a @code{custom} group used for this configuration. So, try |
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999 @kbd{M-x customize-group RET smime RET} and look around. |
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1000 |
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1001 Currently there is no support for talking to a CA (or RA) to create |
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1002 your own certificate. None is planned either. You need to do this |
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1003 manually with OpenSSL or using some other program. I used Netscape |
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1004 and got a free @acronym{S/MIME} certificate from one of the big CA's on the |
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1005 net. Netscape is able to export your private key and certificate in |
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1006 PKCS #12 format. Use OpenSSL to convert this into a plain X.509 |
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1007 certificate in PEM format as follows. |
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1008 |
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1009 @example |
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1010 $ openssl pkcs12 -in ns.p12 -clcerts -nodes > key+cert.pem |
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1011 @end example |
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1012 |
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1013 The @file{key+cert.pem} file should be pointed to from the |
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1014 @code{smime-keys} variable. You should now be able to send signed mail. |
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1015 |
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1016 @emph{Note!} Your private key is now stored unencrypted in the file, |
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1017 so take care in handling it. Storing encrypted keys on the disk are |
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1018 supported, and Gnus will ask you for a passphrase before invoking |
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1019 OpenSSL. Read the OpenSSL documentation for how to achieve this. If |
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1020 you use unencrypted keys (e.g., if they are on a secure storage, or if |
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1021 you are on a secure single user machine) simply press @code{RET} at |
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1022 the passphrase prompt. |
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1023 |
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1024 @subsection Using PGP/MIME |
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1025 |
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1026 @acronym{PGP/MIME} requires an external OpenPGP implementation, such |
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1027 as @uref{http://www.gnupg.org/, GNU Privacy Guard}. Pre-OpenPGP |
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1028 implementations such as PGP 2.x and PGP 5.x are also supported. One |
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1029 Emacs interface to the PGP implementations, PGG (@pxref{Top, ,PGG, |
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1030 pgg, PGG Manual}), is included, but Mailcrypt and Florian Weimer's |
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1031 @code{gpg.el} are also supported. |
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1032 |
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1033 @vindex gpg-temp-directory |
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1034 Note, if you are using the @code{gpg.el} you must make sure that the |
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1035 directory specified by @code{gpg-temp-directory} have permissions |
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1036 0700. |
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1037 |
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1038 Creating your own key is described in detail in the documentation of |
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1039 your PGP implementation, so we refer to it. |
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1040 |
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1041 If you have imported your old PGP 2.x key into GnuPG, and want to send |
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1042 signed and encrypted messages to your fellow PGP 2.x users, you'll |
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1043 discover that the receiver cannot understand what you send. One |
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1044 solution is to use PGP 2.x instead (i.e., if you use @code{pgg}, set |
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1045 @code{pgg-default-scheme} to @code{pgp}). If you do want to use |
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1046 GnuPG, you can use a compatibility script called @code{gpg-2comp} |
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1047 available from |
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1048 @uref{http://muppet.faveve.uni-stuttgart.de/~gero/gpg-2comp/}. You |
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1049 could also convince your fellow PGP 2.x users to convert to GnuPG. |
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1050 @vindex mml-signencrypt-style-alist |
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1051 As a final workaround, you can make the sign and encryption work in |
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1052 two steps; separately sign, then encrypt a message. If you would like |
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1053 to change this behavior you can customize the |
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1054 @code{mml-signencrypt-style-alist} variable. For example: |
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1055 |
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1056 @lisp |
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1057 (setq mml-signencrypt-style-alist '(("smime" separate) |
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1058 ("pgp" separate) |
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1059 ("pgpauto" separate) |
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1060 ("pgpmime" separate))) |
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1061 @end lisp |
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1062 |
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1063 This causes to sign and encrypt in two passes, thus generating a |
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1064 message that can be understood by PGP version 2. |
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1065 |
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1066 (Refer to @uref{http://www.gnupg.org/gph/en/pgp2x.html} for more |
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1067 information about the problem.) |
25829 | 1068 |
1069 @node Various Commands | |
1070 @section Various Commands | |
1071 | |
1072 @table @kbd | |
1073 | |
1074 @item C-c C-r | |
31852 | 1075 @kindex C-c C-r |
25829 | 1076 @findex message-caesar-buffer-body |
1077 Caesar rotate (aka. rot13) the current message | |
1078 (@code{message-caesar-buffer-body}). If narrowing is in effect, just | |
1079 rotate the visible portion of the buffer. A numerical prefix says how | |
1080 many places to rotate the text. The default is 13. | |
1081 | |
1082 @item C-c C-e | |
1083 @kindex C-c C-e | |
1084 @findex message-elide-region | |
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1085 @vindex message-elide-ellipsis |
25829 | 1086 Elide the text between point and mark (@code{message-elide-region}). |
31852 | 1087 The text is killed and replaced with the contents of the variable |
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1088 @code{message-elide-ellipsis}. The default value is to use an ellipsis |
31852 | 1089 (@samp{[...]}). |
25829 | 1090 |
1091 @item C-c C-z | |
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1092 @kindex C-c C-z |
25829 | 1093 @findex message-kill-to-signature |
1094 Kill all the text up to the signature, or if that's missing, up to the | |
1095 end of the message (@code{message-kill-to-signature}). | |
1096 | |
1097 @item C-c C-v | |
1098 @kindex C-c C-v | |
1099 @findex message-delete-not-region | |
1100 Delete all text in the body of the message that is outside the region | |
1101 (@code{message-delete-not-region}). | |
1102 | |
1103 @item M-RET | |
1104 @kindex M-RET | |
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1105 @findex message-newline-and-reformat |
25829 | 1106 Insert four newlines, and then reformat if inside quoted text. |
1107 | |
1108 Here's an example: | |
1109 | |
1110 @example | |
1111 > This is some quoted text. And here's more quoted text. | |
1112 @end example | |
1113 | |
1114 If point is before @samp{And} and you press @kbd{M-RET}, you'll get: | |
1115 | |
1116 @example | |
1117 > This is some quoted text. | |
1118 | |
1119 * | |
1120 | |
1121 > And here's more quoted text. | |
1122 @end example | |
1123 | |
31852 | 1124 @samp{*} says where point will be placed. |
25829 | 1125 |
1126 @item C-c M-r | |
1127 @kindex C-c M-r | |
1128 @findex message-rename-buffer | |
1129 Rename the buffer (@code{message-rename-buffer}). If given a prefix, | |
1130 prompt for a new buffer name. | |
1131 | |
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1132 @item TAB |
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1133 @kindex TAB |
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1134 @findex message-tab |
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1135 @vindex message-tab-body-function |
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1136 If @code{message-tab-body-function} is non-@code{nil}, execute the |
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1137 function it specifies. Otherwise use the function bound to @kbd{TAB} in |
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1138 @code{text-mode-map} or @code{global-map}. |
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1139 |
25829 | 1140 @end table |
1141 | |
1142 | |
1143 @node Sending | |
1144 @section Sending | |
1145 | |
1146 @table @kbd | |
1147 @item C-c C-c | |
31852 | 1148 @kindex C-c C-c |
25829 | 1149 @findex message-send-and-exit |
1150 Send the message and bury the current buffer | |
31852 | 1151 (@code{message-send-and-exit}). |
25829 | 1152 |
1153 @item C-c C-s | |
31852 | 1154 @kindex C-c C-s |
25829 | 1155 @findex message-send |
31852 | 1156 Send the message (@code{message-send}). |
25829 | 1157 |
1158 @item C-c C-d | |
1159 @kindex C-c C-d | |
1160 @findex message-dont-send | |
1161 Bury the message buffer and exit (@code{message-dont-send}). | |
1162 | |
1163 @item C-c C-k | |
1164 @kindex C-c C-k | |
1165 @findex message-kill-buffer | |
1166 Kill the message buffer and exit (@code{message-kill-buffer}). | |
1167 | |
1168 @end table | |
1169 | |
1170 | |
1171 | |
1172 @node Mail Aliases | |
1173 @section Mail Aliases | |
1174 @cindex mail aliases | |
1175 @cindex aliases | |
1176 | |
1177 @vindex message-mail-alias-type | |
1178 The @code{message-mail-alias-type} variable controls what type of mail | |
1179 alias expansion to use. Currently only one form is supported---Message | |
1180 uses @code{mailabbrev} to handle mail aliases. If this variable is | |
1181 @code{nil}, no mail alias expansion will be performed. | |
1182 | |
1183 @code{mailabbrev} works by parsing the @file{/etc/mailrc} and | |
1184 @file{~/.mailrc} files. These files look like: | |
1185 | |
1186 @example | |
1187 alias lmi "Lars Magne Ingebrigtsen <larsi@@ifi.uio.no>" | |
1188 alias ding "ding@@ifi.uio.no (ding mailing list)" | |
1189 @end example | |
1190 | |
1191 After adding lines like this to your @file{~/.mailrc} file, you should | |
1192 be able to just write @samp{lmi} in the @code{To} or @code{Cc} (and so | |
1193 on) headers and press @kbd{SPC} to expand the alias. | |
1194 | |
1195 No expansion will be performed upon sending of the message---all | |
1196 expansions have to be done explicitly. | |
1197 | |
1198 | |
35614 | 1199 @node Spelling |
1200 @section Spelling | |
1201 @cindex spelling | |
1202 @findex ispell-message | |
1203 | |
1204 There are two popular ways to have Emacs spell-check your messages: | |
1205 @code{ispell} and @code{flyspell}. @code{ispell} is the older and | |
1206 probably more popular package. You typically first write the message, | |
1207 and then run the entire thing through @code{ispell} and fix all the | |
1208 typos. To have this happen automatically when you send a message, put | |
1209 something like the following in your @file{.emacs} file: | |
1210 | |
1211 @lisp | |
1212 (add-hook 'message-send-hook 'ispell-message) | |
1213 @end lisp | |
1214 | |
1215 @vindex ispell-message-dictionary-alist | |
1216 If you're in the habit of writing in different languages, this can be | |
1217 controlled by the @code{ispell-message-dictionary-alist} variable: | |
1218 | |
1219 @lisp | |
1220 (setq ispell-message-dictionary-alist | |
1221 '(("^Newsgroups:.*\\bde\\." . "deutsch8") | |
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1222 (".*" . "default"))) |
35614 | 1223 @end lisp |
1224 | |
1225 @code{ispell} depends on having the external @samp{ispell} command | |
1226 installed. | |
1227 | |
1228 The other popular method is using @code{flyspell}. This package checks | |
1229 your spelling while you're writing, and marks any mis-spelled words in | |
1230 various ways. | |
1231 | |
1232 To use @code{flyspell}, put something like the following in your | |
1233 @file{.emacs} file: | |
1234 | |
1235 @lisp | |
1236 (defun my-message-setup-routine () | |
1237 (flyspell-mode 1)) | |
1238 (add-hook 'message-setup-hook 'my-message-setup-routine) | |
1239 @end lisp | |
1240 | |
1241 @code{flyspell} depends on having the external @samp{ispell} command | |
1242 installed. | |
1243 | |
25829 | 1244 |
1245 @node Variables | |
1246 @chapter Variables | |
1247 | |
1248 @menu | |
1249 * Message Headers:: General message header stuff. | |
1250 * Mail Headers:: Customizing mail headers. | |
1251 * Mail Variables:: Other mail variables. | |
1252 * News Headers:: Customizing news headers. | |
1253 * News Variables:: Other news variables. | |
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1254 * Insertion Variables:: Customizing how things are inserted. |
25829 | 1255 * Various Message Variables:: Other message variables. |
1256 * Sending Variables:: Variables for sending. | |
1257 * Message Buffers:: How Message names its buffers. | |
1258 * Message Actions:: Actions to be performed when exiting. | |
1259 @end menu | |
1260 | |
1261 | |
1262 @node Message Headers | |
1263 @section Message Headers | |
1264 | |
1265 Message is quite aggressive on the message generation front. It has to | |
1266 be -- it's a combined news and mail agent. To be able to send combined | |
1267 messages, it has to generate all headers itself (instead of letting the | |
1268 mail/news system do it) to ensure that mail and news copies of messages | |
1269 look sufficiently similar. | |
1270 | |
1271 @table @code | |
1272 | |
1273 @item message-generate-headers-first | |
1274 @vindex message-generate-headers-first | |
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1275 If @code{t}, generate all required headers before starting to |
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1276 compose the message. This can also be a list of headers to generate: |
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1277 |
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1278 @lisp |
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1279 (setq message-generate-headers-first |
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1280 '(References)) |
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1281 @end lisp |
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1282 |
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1283 @vindex message-required-headers |
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1284 The variables @code{message-required-headers}, |
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1285 @code{message-required-mail-headers} and |
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1286 @code{message-required-news-headers} specify which headers are |
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1287 required. |
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1288 |
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1289 Note that some headers will be removed and re-generated before posting, |
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1290 because of the variable @code{message-deletable-headers} (see below). |
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1291 |
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1292 @item message-draft-headers |
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1293 @vindex message-draft-headers |
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1294 When running Message from Gnus, the message buffers are associated |
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1295 with a draft group. @code{message-draft-headers} says which headers |
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1296 should be generated when a draft is written to the draft group. |
25829 | 1297 |
1298 @item message-from-style | |
1299 @vindex message-from-style | |
1300 Specifies how @code{From} headers should look. There are four valid | |
1301 values: | |
1302 | |
1303 @table @code | |
1304 @item nil | |
1305 Just the address -- @samp{king@@grassland.com}. | |
1306 | |
1307 @item parens | |
1308 @samp{king@@grassland.com (Elvis Parsley)}. | |
1309 | |
1310 @item angles | |
1311 @samp{Elvis Parsley <king@@grassland.com>}. | |
1312 | |
1313 @item default | |
1314 Look like @code{angles} if that doesn't require quoting, and | |
1315 @code{parens} if it does. If even @code{parens} requires quoting, use | |
1316 @code{angles} anyway. | |
1317 | |
1318 @end table | |
1319 | |
1320 @item message-deletable-headers | |
1321 @vindex message-deletable-headers | |
1322 Headers in this list that were previously generated by Message will be | |
1323 deleted before posting. Let's say you post an article. Then you decide | |
1324 to post it again to some other group, you naughty boy, so you jump back | |
1325 to the @code{*post-buf*} buffer, edit the @code{Newsgroups} line, and | |
1326 ship it off again. By default, this variable makes sure that the old | |
1327 generated @code{Message-ID} is deleted, and a new one generated. If | |
1328 this isn't done, the entire empire would probably crumble, anarchy would | |
1329 prevail, and cats would start walking on two legs and rule the world. | |
31852 | 1330 Allegedly. |
25829 | 1331 |
1332 @item message-default-headers | |
1333 @vindex message-default-headers | |
1334 This string is inserted at the end of the headers in all message | |
1335 buffers. | |
1336 | |
1337 @item message-subject-re-regexp | |
1338 @vindex message-subject-re-regexp | |
56927
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1339 @cindex Aw |
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1340 @cindex Sv |
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1341 @cindex Re |
25829 | 1342 Responses to messages have subjects that start with @samp{Re: }. This |
35614 | 1343 is @emph{not} an abbreviation of the English word ``response'', but is |
25829 | 1344 Latin, and means ``in response to''. Some illiterate nincompoops have |
1345 failed to grasp this fact, and have ``internationalized'' their software | |
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1346 to use abominations like @samp{Aw: } (``antwort'') or @samp{Sv: } |
25829 | 1347 (``svar'') instead, which is meaningless and evil. However, you may |
1348 have to deal with users that use these evil tools, in which case you may | |
1349 set this variable to a regexp that matches these prefixes. Myself, I | |
1350 just throw away non-compliant mail. | |
1351 | |
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1352 Here's an example of a value to deal with these headers when |
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1353 responding to a message: |
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1354 |
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1355 @lisp |
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1356 (setq message-subject-re-regexp |
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1357 (concat |
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1358 "^[ \t]*" |
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1359 "\\(" |
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1360 "\\(" |
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1361 "[Aa][Nn][Tt][Ww]\\.?\\|" ; antw |
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1362 "[Aa][Ww]\\|" ; aw |
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1363 "[Ff][Ww][Dd]?\\|" ; fwd |
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1364 "[Oo][Dd][Pp]\\|" ; odp |
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1365 "[Rr][Ee]\\|" ; re |
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1366 "[Rr][\311\351][Ff]\\.?\\|" ; ref |
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1367 "[Ss][Vv]" ; sv |
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1368 "\\)" |
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1369 "\\(\\[[0-9]*\\]\\)" |
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1370 "*:[ \t]*" |
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1371 "\\)" |
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1372 "*[ \t]*" |
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1373 )) |
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1374 @end lisp |
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1375 |
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1376 @item message-subject-trailing-was-query |
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1377 @vindex message-subject-trailing-was-query |
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1378 @vindex message-subject-trailing-was-ask-regexp |
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1379 @vindex message-subject-trailing-was-regexp |
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1380 Controls what to do with trailing @samp{(was: <old subject>)} in subject |
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1381 lines. If @code{nil}, leave the subject unchanged. If it is the symbol |
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1382 @code{ask}, query the user what do do. In this case, the subject is |
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1383 matched against @code{message-subject-trailing-was-ask-regexp}. If |
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1384 @code{message-subject-trailing-was-query} is @code{t}, always strip the |
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1385 trailing old subject. In this case, |
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1386 @code{message-subject-trailing-was-regexp} is used. |
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1387 |
32314 | 1388 @item message-alternative-emails |
1389 @vindex message-alternative-emails | |
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1390 Regexp matching alternative email addresses. The first address in the |
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1391 To, Cc or From headers of the original article matching this variable is |
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1392 used as the From field of outgoing messages, replacing the default From |
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1393 value. |
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1394 |
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1395 For example, if you have two secondary email addresses john@@home.net |
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1396 and john.doe@@work.com and want to use them in the From field when |
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1397 composing a reply to a message addressed to one of them, you could set |
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1398 this variable like this: |
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1399 |
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1400 @lisp |
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1401 (setq message-alternative-emails |
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1402 (regexp-opt '("john@@home.net" "john.doe@@work.com"))) |
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1403 @end lisp |
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1404 |
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1405 This variable has precedence over posting styles and anything that runs |
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1406 off @code{message-setup-hook}. |
32314 | 1407 |
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1408 @item message-allow-no-recipients |
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1409 @vindex message-allow-no-recipients |
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1410 Specifies what to do when there are no recipients other than |
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1411 @code{Gcc} or @code{Fcc}. If it is @code{always}, the posting is |
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1412 allowed. If it is @code{never}, the posting is not allowed. If it is |
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1413 @code{ask} (the default), you are prompted. |
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1414 |
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1415 @item message-hidden-headers |
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1416 @vindex message-hidden-headers |
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1417 A regexp, a list of regexps, or a list where the first element is |
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1418 @code{not} and the rest are regexps. It says which headers to keep |
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1419 hidden when composing a message. |
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1420 |
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1421 @lisp |
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1422 (setq message-hidden-headers |
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1423 '(not "From" "Subject" "To" "Cc" "Newsgroups")) |
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1424 @end lisp |
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1425 |
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1426 @item message-header-synonyms |
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1427 @vindex message-header-synonyms |
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1428 A list of lists of header synonyms. E.g., if this list contains a |
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1429 member list with elements @code{Cc} and @code{To}, then |
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1430 @code{message-carefully-insert-headers} will not insert a @code{To} |
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1431 header when the message is already @code{Cc}ed to the recipient. |
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1432 |
25829 | 1433 @end table |
1434 | |
1435 | |
1436 @node Mail Headers | |
1437 @section Mail Headers | |
1438 | |
1439 @table @code | |
1440 @item message-required-mail-headers | |
1441 @vindex message-required-mail-headers | |
1442 @xref{News Headers}, for the syntax of this variable. It is | |
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1443 @code{(From Subject Date (optional . In-Reply-To) Message-ID |
35614 | 1444 (optional . User-Agent))} by default. |
25829 | 1445 |
1446 @item message-ignored-mail-headers | |
1447 @vindex message-ignored-mail-headers | |
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1448 Regexp of headers to be removed before mailing. The default is@* |
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1449 @samp{^[GF]cc:\\|^Resent-Fcc:\\|^Xref:\\|^X-Draft-From:\\|@* |
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1450 ^X-Gnus-Agent-Meta-Information:}. |
25829 | 1451 |
1452 @item message-default-mail-headers | |
1453 @vindex message-default-mail-headers | |
1454 This string is inserted at the end of the headers in all message | |
1455 buffers that are initialized as mail. | |
1456 | |
1457 @end table | |
1458 | |
1459 | |
1460 @node Mail Variables | |
31852 | 1461 @section Mail Variables |
25829 | 1462 |
1463 @table @code | |
1464 @item message-send-mail-function | |
1465 @vindex message-send-mail-function | |
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1466 @findex message-send-mail-with-sendmail |
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1467 @findex message-send-mail-with-mh |
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1468 @findex message-send-mail-with-qmail |
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1469 @findex message-smtpmail-send-it |
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1470 @findex smtpmail-send-it |
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1471 @findex feedmail-send-it |
25829 | 1472 Function used to send the current buffer as mail. The default is |
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1473 @code{message-send-mail-with-sendmail}. Other valid values include |
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1474 @code{message-send-mail-with-mh}, @code{message-send-mail-with-qmail}, |
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1475 @code{message-smtpmail-send-it}, @code{smtpmail-send-it} and |
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1476 @code{feedmail-send-it}. |
25829 | 1477 |
1478 @item message-mh-deletable-headers | |
1479 @vindex message-mh-deletable-headers | |
1480 Most versions of MH doesn't like being fed messages that contain the | |
1481 headers in this variable. If this variable is non-@code{nil} (which is | |
1482 the default), these headers will be removed before mailing when sending | |
1483 messages via MH. Set it to @code{nil} if your MH can handle these | |
1484 headers. | |
1485 | |
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1486 @item message-qmail-inject-program |
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1487 @vindex message-qmail-inject-program |
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1488 @cindex qmail |
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1489 Location of the qmail-inject program. |
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1490 |
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1491 @item message-qmail-inject-args |
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1492 @vindex message-qmail-inject-args |
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1493 Arguments passed to qmail-inject programs. |
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1494 This should be a list of strings, one string for each argument. It |
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1495 may also be a function. |
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1496 |
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1497 For e.g., if you wish to set the envelope sender address so that bounces |
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1498 go to the right place or to deal with listserv's usage of that address, you |
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1499 might set this variable to @code{'("-f" "you@@some.where")}. |
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1500 |
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1501 @item message-sendmail-f-is-evil |
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1502 @vindex message-sendmail-f-is-evil |
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1503 @cindex sendmail |
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1504 Non-@code{nil} means don't add @samp{-f username} to the sendmail |
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1505 command line. Doing so would be even more evil than leaving it out. |
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1506 |
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1507 @item message-sendmail-envelope-from |
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1508 @vindex message-sendmail-envelope-from |
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1509 When @code{message-sendmail-f-is-evil} is @code{nil}, this specifies |
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1510 the address to use in the @acronym{SMTP} envelope. If it is |
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1511 @code{nil}, use @code{user-mail-address}. If it is the symbol |
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1512 @code{header}, use the @samp{From} header of the message. |
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1513 |
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1514 @item message-mailer-swallows-blank-line |
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1515 @vindex message-mailer-swallows-blank-line |
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1516 Set this to non-@code{nil} if the system's mailer runs the header and |
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1517 body together. (This problem exists on SunOS 4 when sendmail is run |
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1518 in remote mode.) The value should be an expression to test whether |
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1519 the problem will actually occur. |
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1520 |
35614 | 1521 @item message-send-mail-partially-limit |
1522 @vindex message-send-mail-partially-limit | |
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1523 @cindex split large message |
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1524 The limitation of messages sent as message/partial. The lower bound |
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1525 of message size in characters, beyond which the message should be sent |
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1526 in several parts. If it is @code{nil}, the size is unlimited. |
35614 | 1527 |
25829 | 1528 @end table |
1529 | |
1530 | |
1531 @node News Headers | |
1532 @section News Headers | |
1533 | |
1534 @vindex message-required-news-headers | |
1535 @code{message-required-news-headers} a list of header symbols. These | |
1536 headers will either be automatically generated, or, if that's | |
1537 impossible, they will be prompted for. The following symbols are valid: | |
1538 | |
1539 @table @code | |
1540 | |
1541 @item From | |
1542 @cindex From | |
1543 @findex user-full-name | |
1544 @findex user-mail-address | |
1545 This required header will be filled out with the result of the | |
1546 @code{message-make-from} function, which depends on the | |
1547 @code{message-from-style}, @code{user-full-name}, | |
1548 @code{user-mail-address} variables. | |
1549 | |
1550 @item Subject | |
1551 @cindex Subject | |
31852 | 1552 This required header will be prompted for if not present already. |
25829 | 1553 |
1554 @item Newsgroups | |
1555 @cindex Newsgroups | |
1556 This required header says which newsgroups the article is to be posted | |
1557 to. If it isn't present already, it will be prompted for. | |
1558 | |
1559 @item Organization | |
1560 @cindex organization | |
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1561 @vindex message-user-organization |
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1562 @vindex message-user-organization-file |
25829 | 1563 This optional header will be filled out depending on the |
1564 @code{message-user-organization} variable. | |
1565 @code{message-user-organization-file} will be used if this variable is | |
1566 @code{t}. This variable can also be a string (in which case this string | |
1567 will be used), or it can be a function (which will be called with no | |
1568 parameters and should return a string to be used). | |
1569 | |
1570 @item Lines | |
1571 @cindex Lines | |
1572 This optional header will be computed by Message. | |
1573 | |
1574 @item Message-ID | |
1575 @cindex Message-ID | |
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1576 @vindex message-user-fqdn |
25829 | 1577 @vindex mail-host-address |
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1578 @vindex user-mail-address |
25829 | 1579 @findex system-name |
1580 @cindex Sun | |
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1581 @cindex i-did-not-set--mail-host-address--so-tickle-me |
25829 | 1582 This required header will be generated by Message. A unique ID will be |
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1583 created based on the date, time, user name (for the local part) and the |
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1584 domain part. For the domain part, message will look (in this order) at |
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1585 @code{message-user-fqdn}, @code{system-name}, @code{mail-host-address} |
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1586 and @code{message-user-mail-address} (i.e. @code{user-mail-address}) |
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1587 until a probably valid fully qualified domain name (FQDN) was found. |
25829 | 1588 |
35614 | 1589 @item User-Agent |
1590 @cindex User-Agent | |
25829 | 1591 This optional header will be filled out according to the |
1592 @code{message-newsreader} local variable. | |
1593 | |
1594 @item In-Reply-To | |
1595 This optional header is filled out using the @code{Date} and @code{From} | |
1596 header of the article being replied to. | |
1597 | |
1598 @item Expires | |
1599 @cindex Expires | |
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1600 @vindex message-expires |
25829 | 1601 This extremely optional header will be inserted according to the |
1602 @code{message-expires} variable. It is highly deprecated and shouldn't | |
1603 be used unless you know what you're doing. | |
1604 | |
1605 @item Distribution | |
1606 @cindex Distribution | |
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1607 @vindex message-distribution-function |
25829 | 1608 This optional header is filled out according to the |
1609 @code{message-distribution-function} variable. It is a deprecated and | |
1610 much misunderstood header. | |
1611 | |
1612 @item Path | |
1613 @cindex path | |
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1614 @vindex message-user-path |
25829 | 1615 This extremely optional header should probably never be used. |
1616 However, some @emph{very} old servers require that this header is | |
1617 present. @code{message-user-path} further controls how this | |
1618 @code{Path} header is to look. If it is @code{nil}, use the server name | |
1619 as the leaf node. If it is a string, use the string. If it is neither | |
1620 a string nor @code{nil}, use the user name only. However, it is highly | |
1621 unlikely that you should need to fiddle with this variable at all. | |
1622 @end table | |
1623 | |
1624 @findex yow | |
1625 @cindex Mime-Version | |
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1626 In addition, you can enter conses into this list. The @sc{car} of this cons |
25829 | 1627 should be a symbol. This symbol's name is the name of the header, and |
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1628 the @sc{cdr} can either be a string to be entered verbatim as the value of |
25829 | 1629 this header, or it can be a function to be called. This function should |
1630 return a string to be inserted. For instance, if you want to insert | |
1631 @code{Mime-Version: 1.0}, you should enter @code{(Mime-Version . "1.0")} | |
1632 into the list. If you want to insert a funny quote, you could enter | |
1633 something like @code{(X-Yow . yow)} into the list. The function | |
1634 @code{yow} will then be called without any arguments. | |
1635 | |
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1636 If the list contains a cons where the @sc{car} of the cons is |
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1637 @code{optional}, the @sc{cdr} of this cons will only be inserted if it is |
25829 | 1638 non-@code{nil}. |
1639 | |
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1640 If you want to delete an entry from this list, the following Lisp |
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1641 snippet might be useful. Adjust accordingly if you want to remove |
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1642 another element. |
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1643 |
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1644 @lisp |
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1645 (setq message-required-news-headers |
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1646 (delq 'Message-ID message-required-news-headers)) |
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1647 @end lisp |
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1648 |
25829 | 1649 Other variables for customizing outgoing news articles: |
1650 | |
1651 @table @code | |
1652 | |
1653 @item message-syntax-checks | |
1654 @vindex message-syntax-checks | |
1655 Controls what syntax checks should not be performed on outgoing posts. | |
1656 To disable checking of long signatures, for instance, add | |
1657 | |
1658 @lisp | |
1659 (signature . disabled) | |
1660 @end lisp | |
1661 | |
1662 to this list. | |
1663 | |
1664 Valid checks are: | |
1665 | |
1666 @table @code | |
31852 | 1667 @item subject-cmsg |
25829 | 1668 Check the subject for commands. |
1669 @item sender | |
1670 @cindex Sender | |
31852 | 1671 Insert a new @code{Sender} header if the @code{From} header looks odd. |
1672 @item multiple-headers | |
25829 | 1673 Check for the existence of multiple equal headers. |
31852 | 1674 @item sendsys |
25829 | 1675 @cindex sendsys |
1676 Check for the existence of version and sendsys commands. | |
1677 @item message-id | |
1678 Check whether the @code{Message-ID} looks ok. | |
1679 @item from | |
1680 Check whether the @code{From} header seems nice. | |
31852 | 1681 @item long-lines |
25829 | 1682 @cindex long lines |
1683 Check for too long lines. | |
1684 @item control-chars | |
1685 Check for invalid characters. | |
1686 @item size | |
1687 Check for excessive size. | |
1688 @item new-text | |
1689 Check whether there is any new text in the messages. | |
1690 @item signature | |
1691 Check the length of the signature. | |
1692 @item approved | |
1693 @cindex approved | |
1694 Check whether the article has an @code{Approved} header, which is | |
1695 something only moderators should include. | |
1696 @item empty | |
1697 Check whether the article is empty. | |
31852 | 1698 @item invisible-text |
1699 Check whether there is any invisible text in the buffer. | |
25829 | 1700 @item empty-headers |
1701 Check whether any of the headers are empty. | |
1702 @item existing-newsgroups | |
31852 | 1703 Check whether the newsgroups mentioned in the @code{Newsgroups} and |
25829 | 1704 @code{Followup-To} headers exist. |
1705 @item valid-newsgroups | |
1706 Check whether the @code{Newsgroups} and @code{Followup-to} headers | |
1707 are valid syntactically. | |
1708 @item repeated-newsgroups | |
1709 Check whether the @code{Newsgroups} and @code{Followup-to} headers | |
1710 contains repeated group names. | |
1711 @item shorten-followup-to | |
1712 Check whether to add a @code{Followup-to} header to shorten the number | |
1713 of groups to post to. | |
1714 @end table | |
1715 | |
1716 All these conditions are checked by default. | |
1717 | |
1718 @item message-ignored-news-headers | |
1719 @vindex message-ignored-news-headers | |
1720 Regexp of headers to be removed before posting. The default is@* | |
67418
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1721 @samp{^NNTP-Posting-Host:\\|^Xref:\\|^[BGF]cc:\\|^Resent-Fcc:\\|@* |
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1722 ^X-Draft-From:\\|^X-Gnus-Agent-Meta-Information:}. |
25829 | 1723 |
1724 @item message-default-news-headers | |
1725 @vindex message-default-news-headers | |
1726 This string is inserted at the end of the headers in all message | |
1727 buffers that are initialized as news. | |
1728 | |
1729 @end table | |
1730 | |
1731 | |
1732 @node News Variables | |
1733 @section News Variables | |
1734 | |
1735 @table @code | |
1736 @item message-send-news-function | |
1737 @vindex message-send-news-function | |
1738 Function used to send the current buffer as news. The default is | |
31852 | 1739 @code{message-send-news}. |
25829 | 1740 |
1741 @item message-post-method | |
1742 @vindex message-post-method | |
1743 Gnusish @dfn{select method} (see the Gnus manual for details) used for | |
1744 posting a prepared news message. | |
1745 | |
1746 @end table | |
1747 | |
1748 | |
56927
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1749 @node Insertion Variables |
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1750 @section Insertion Variables |
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1751 |
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1752 @table @code |
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1753 @item message-ignored-cited-headers |
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1754 @vindex message-ignored-cited-headers |
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1755 All headers that match this regexp will be removed from yanked |
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1756 messages. The default is @samp{.}, which means that all headers will be |
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1757 removed. |
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1758 |
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1759 @item message-cite-prefix-regexp |
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1760 @vindex message-cite-prefix-regexp |
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1761 Regexp matching the longest possible citation prefix on a line. |
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1762 |
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1763 @item message-citation-line-function |
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1764 @vindex message-citation-line-function |
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1765 @cindex attribution line |
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1766 Function called to insert the citation line. The default is |
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1767 @code{message-insert-citation-line}, which will lead to citation lines |
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1768 that look like: |
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1769 |
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1770 @example |
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1771 Hallvard B Furuseth <h.b.furuseth@@usit.uio.no> writes: |
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1772 @end example |
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1773 |
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1774 Point will be at the beginning of the body of the message when this |
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1775 function is called. |
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1776 |
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1777 Note that Gnus provides a feature where clicking on `writes:' hides the |
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1778 cited text. If you change the citation line too much, readers of your |
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1779 messages will have to adjust their Gnus, too. See the variable |
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1780 @code{gnus-cite-attribution-suffix}. @xref{Article Highlighting, , |
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1781 Article Highlighting, gnus, The Gnus Manual}, for details. |
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1782 |
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1783 @item message-yank-prefix |
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1784 @vindex message-yank-prefix |
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1785 @cindex yanking |
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1786 @cindex quoting |
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1787 When you are replying to or following up an article, you normally want |
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1788 to quote the person you are answering. Inserting quoted text is done |
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1789 by @dfn{yanking}, and each line you yank will have |
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1790 @code{message-yank-prefix} prepended to it (except for quoted and |
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1791 empty lines which uses @code{message-yank-cited-prefix}). The default |
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1792 is @samp{> }. |
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1793 |
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1794 @item message-yank-cited-prefix |
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1795 @vindex message-yank-cited-prefix |
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1796 @cindex yanking |
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1797 @cindex cited |
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1798 @cindex quoting |
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1799 When yanking text from an article which contains no text or already |
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1800 cited text, each line will be prefixed with the contents of this |
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1801 variable. The default is @samp{>}. See also |
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1802 @code{message-yank-prefix}. |
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1803 |
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1804 @item message-indentation-spaces |
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1805 @vindex message-indentation-spaces |
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1806 Number of spaces to indent yanked messages. |
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1807 |
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1808 @item message-cite-function |
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1809 @vindex message-cite-function |
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1810 @findex message-cite-original |
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1811 @findex sc-cite-original |
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1812 @findex message-cite-original-without-signature |
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1813 @cindex Supercite |
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1814 Function for citing an original message. The default is |
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1815 @code{message-cite-original}, which simply inserts the original message |
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1816 and prepends @samp{> } to each line. |
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1817 @code{message-cite-original-without-signature} does the same, but elides |
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1818 the signature. You can also set it to @code{sc-cite-original} to use |
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1819 Supercite. |
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1820 |
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1821 @item message-indent-citation-function |
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1822 @vindex message-indent-citation-function |
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1823 Function for modifying a citation just inserted in the mail buffer. |
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1824 This can also be a list of functions. Each function can find the |
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1825 citation between @code{(point)} and @code{(mark t)}. And each function |
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1826 should leave point and mark around the citation text as modified. |
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1827 |
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1828 @item message-mark-insert-begin |
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1829 @vindex message-mark-insert-begin |
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1830 String to mark the beginning of some inserted text. |
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1831 |
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1832 @item message-mark-insert-end |
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1833 @vindex message-mark-insert-end |
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1834 String to mark the end of some inserted text. |
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1835 |
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1836 @item message-signature |
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1837 @vindex message-signature |
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1838 String to be inserted at the end of the message buffer. If @code{t} |
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1839 (which is the default), the @code{message-signature-file} file will be |
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1840 inserted instead. If a function, the result from the function will be |
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1841 used instead. If a form, the result from the form will be used instead. |
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1842 If this variable is @code{nil}, no signature will be inserted at all. |
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1843 |
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1844 @item message-signature-file |
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1845 @vindex message-signature-file |
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1846 File containing the signature to be inserted at the end of the buffer. |
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1847 The default is @file{~/.signature}. |
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1848 |
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1849 @item message-signature-insert-empty-line |
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1850 @vindex message-signature-insert-empty-line |
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1851 If @code{t} (the default value) an empty line is inserted before the |
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1852 signature separator. |
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1853 |
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1854 @end table |
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1855 |
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1856 Note that RFC1036bis says that a signature should be preceded by the three |
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1857 characters @samp{-- } on a line by themselves. This is to make it |
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1858 easier for the recipient to automatically recognize and process the |
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1859 signature. So don't remove those characters, even though you might feel |
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1860 that they ruin your beautiful design, like, totally. |
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1861 |
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1862 Also note that no signature should be more than four lines long. |
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1863 Including @acronym{ASCII} graphics is an efficient way to get |
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1864 everybody to believe that you are silly and have nothing important to |
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1865 say. |
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1866 |
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1867 |
25829 | 1868 @node Various Message Variables |
1869 @section Various Message Variables | |
1870 | |
1871 @table @code | |
31852 | 1872 @item message-default-charset |
1873 @vindex message-default-charset | |
1874 @cindex charset | |
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1875 Symbol naming a @acronym{MIME} charset. Non-@acronym{ASCII} characters |
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1876 in messages are assumed to be encoded using this charset. The default |
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1877 is @code{iso-8859-1} on non-@sc{mule} Emacsen; otherwise @code{nil}, |
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1878 which means ask the user. (This variable is used only on non-@sc{mule} |
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1879 Emacsen.) @xref{Charset Translation, , Charset Translation, emacs-mime, |
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1880 Emacs MIME Manual}, for details on the @sc{mule}-to-@acronym{MIME} |
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1881 translation process. |
31852 | 1882 |
25829 | 1883 @item message-signature-separator |
1884 @vindex message-signature-separator | |
1885 Regexp matching the signature separator. It is @samp{^-- *$} by | |
31852 | 1886 default. |
25829 | 1887 |
1888 @item mail-header-separator | |
1889 @vindex mail-header-separator | |
1890 String used to separate the headers from the body. It is @samp{--text | |
1891 follows this line--} by default. | |
1892 | |
1893 @item message-directory | |
1894 @vindex message-directory | |
31852 | 1895 Directory used by many mailey things. The default is @file{~/Mail/}. |
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1896 All other mail file variables are derived from @code{message-directory}. |
25829 | 1897 |
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1898 @item message-auto-save-directory |
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1899 @vindex message-auto-save-directory |
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1900 Directory where Message auto-saves buffers if Gnus isn't running. If |
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1901 @code{nil}, Message won't auto-save. The default is @file{~/Mail/drafts/}. |
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1902 |
25829 | 1903 @item message-signature-setup-hook |
1904 @vindex message-signature-setup-hook | |
1905 Hook run when initializing the message buffer. It is run after the | |
31852 | 1906 headers have been inserted but before the signature has been inserted. |
25829 | 1907 |
1908 @item message-setup-hook | |
1909 @vindex message-setup-hook | |
1910 Hook run as the last thing when the message buffer has been initialized, | |
1911 but before yanked text is inserted. | |
1912 | |
1913 @item message-header-setup-hook | |
1914 @vindex message-header-setup-hook | |
31852 | 1915 Hook called narrowed to the headers after initializing the headers. |
25829 | 1916 |
1917 For instance, if you're running Gnus and wish to insert a | |
1918 @samp{Mail-Copies-To} header in all your news articles and all messages | |
1919 you send to mailing lists, you could do something like the following: | |
1920 | |
1921 @lisp | |
1922 (defun my-message-header-setup-hook () | |
1923 (let ((group (or gnus-newsgroup-name ""))) | |
1924 (when (or (message-fetch-field "newsgroups") | |
1925 (gnus-group-find-parameter group 'to-address) | |
1926 (gnus-group-find-parameter group 'to-list)) | |
1927 (insert "Mail-Copies-To: never\n")))) | |
1928 | |
1929 (add-hook 'message-header-setup-hook | |
1930 'my-message-header-setup-hook) | |
1931 @end lisp | |
1932 | |
1933 @item message-send-hook | |
1934 @vindex message-send-hook | |
1935 Hook run before sending messages. | |
1936 | |
1937 If you want to add certain headers before sending, you can use the | |
1938 @code{message-add-header} function in this hook. For instance: | |
1939 @findex message-add-header | |
1940 | |
1941 @lisp | |
1942 (add-hook 'message-send-hook 'my-message-add-content) | |
1943 (defun my-message-add-content () | |
35614 | 1944 (message-add-header "X-In-No-Sense: Nonsense") |
1945 (message-add-header "X-Whatever: no")) | |
25829 | 1946 @end lisp |
1947 | |
1948 This function won't add the header if the header is already present. | |
1949 | |
1950 @item message-send-mail-hook | |
1951 @vindex message-send-mail-hook | |
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1952 Hook run before sending mail messages. This hook is run very late -- |
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1953 just before the message is actually sent as mail. |
25829 | 1954 |
1955 @item message-send-news-hook | |
1956 @vindex message-send-news-hook | |
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1957 Hook run before sending news messages. This hook is run very late -- |
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1958 just before the message is actually sent as news. |
25829 | 1959 |
1960 @item message-sent-hook | |
1961 @vindex message-sent-hook | |
1962 Hook run after sending messages. | |
1963 | |
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1964 @item message-cancel-hook |
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1965 @vindex message-cancel-hook |
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1966 Hook run when canceling news articles. |
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1967 |
25829 | 1968 @item message-mode-syntax-table |
1969 @vindex message-mode-syntax-table | |
1970 Syntax table used in message mode buffers. | |
1971 | |
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1972 @item message-strip-special-text-properties |
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1973 @vindex message-strip-special-text-properties |
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1974 Emacs has a number of special text properties which can break message |
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1975 composing in various ways. If this option is set, message will strip |
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1976 these properties from the message composition buffer. However, some |
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1977 packages requires these properties to be present in order to work. If |
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1978 you use one of these packages, turn this option off, and hope the |
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1979 message composition doesn't break too bad. |
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1980 |
25829 | 1981 @item message-send-method-alist |
1982 @vindex message-send-method-alist | |
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1983 @findex message-mail-p |
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1984 @findex message-news-p |
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1985 @findex message-send-via-mail |
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1986 @findex message-send-via-news |
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1987 Alist of ways to send outgoing messages. Each element has the form: |
25829 | 1988 |
1989 @lisp | |
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1990 (@var{type} @var{predicate} @var{function}) |
25829 | 1991 @end lisp |
1992 | |
1993 @table @var | |
1994 @item type | |
1995 A symbol that names the method. | |
1996 | |
1997 @item predicate | |
1998 A function called without any parameters to determine whether the | |
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1999 message is a message of type @var{type}. The function will be called in |
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2000 the buffer where the message is. |
25829 | 2001 |
2002 @item function | |
2003 A function to be called if @var{predicate} returns non-@code{nil}. | |
2004 @var{function} is called with one parameter -- the prefix. | |
2005 @end table | |
2006 | |
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2007 The default is: |
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2008 |
25829 | 2009 @lisp |
2010 ((news message-news-p message-send-via-news) | |
2011 (mail message-mail-p message-send-via-mail)) | |
2012 @end lisp | |
2013 | |
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2014 The @code{message-news-p} function returns non-@code{nil} if the message |
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2015 looks like news, and the @code{message-send-via-news} function sends the |
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2016 message according to the @code{message-send-news-function} variable |
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2017 (@pxref{News Variables}). The @code{message-mail-p} function returns |
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2018 non-@code{nil} if the message looks like mail, and the |
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2019 @code{message-send-via-mail} function sends the message according to the |
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2020 @code{message-send-mail-function} variable (@pxref{Mail Variables}). |
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2021 |
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2022 All the elements in this alist will be tried in order, so a message |
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2023 containing both a valid @samp{Newsgroups} header and a valid @samp{To} |
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2024 header, for example, will be sent as news, and then as mail. |
25829 | 2025 @end table |
2026 | |
2027 | |
2028 | |
2029 @node Sending Variables | |
2030 @section Sending Variables | |
2031 | |
2032 @table @code | |
2033 | |
31852 | 2034 @item message-fcc-handler-function |
2035 @vindex message-fcc-handler-function | |
25829 | 2036 A function called to save outgoing articles. This function will be |
31852 | 2037 called with the name of the file to store the article in. The default |
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2038 function is @code{message-output} which saves in Unix mailbox format. |
25829 | 2039 |
2040 @item message-courtesy-message | |
2041 @vindex message-courtesy-message | |
2042 When sending combined messages, this string is inserted at the start of | |
2043 the mailed copy. If the string contains the format spec @samp{%s}, the | |
2044 newsgroups the article has been posted to will be inserted there. If | |
2045 this variable is @code{nil}, no such courtesy message will be added. | |
2046 The default value is @samp{"The following message is a courtesy copy of | |
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2047 an article\\nthat has been posted to %s as well.\\n\\n"}. |
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2048 |
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2049 @item message-fcc-externalize-attachments |
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2050 @vindex message-fcc-externalize-attachments |
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2051 If @code{nil}, attach files as normal parts in Fcc copies; if it is |
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2052 non-@code{nil}, attach local files as external parts. |
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2053 |
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2054 @item message-interactive |
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2055 @vindex message-interactive |
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2056 If non-@code{nil} wait for and display errors when sending a message; |
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2057 if @code{nil} let the mailer mail back a message to report errors. |
25829 | 2058 |
2059 @end table | |
2060 | |
2061 | |
2062 @node Message Buffers | |
2063 @section Message Buffers | |
2064 | |
2065 Message will generate new buffers with unique buffer names when you | |
2066 request a message buffer. When you send the message, the buffer isn't | |
2067 normally killed off. Its name is changed and a certain number of old | |
2068 message buffers are kept alive. | |
2069 | |
2070 @table @code | |
2071 @item message-generate-new-buffers | |
2072 @vindex message-generate-new-buffers | |
2073 If non-@code{nil}, generate new buffers. The default is @code{t}. If | |
2074 this is a function, call that function with three parameters: The type, | |
2075 the to address and the group name. (Any of these may be @code{nil}.) | |
2076 The function should return the new buffer name. | |
2077 | |
2078 @item message-max-buffers | |
2079 @vindex message-max-buffers | |
2080 This variable says how many old message buffers to keep. If there are | |
2081 more message buffers than this, the oldest buffer will be killed. The | |
2082 default is 10. If this variable is @code{nil}, no old message buffers | |
2083 will ever be killed. | |
2084 | |
2085 @item message-send-rename-function | |
2086 @vindex message-send-rename-function | |
2087 After sending a message, the buffer is renamed from, for instance, | |
2088 @samp{*reply to Lars*} to @samp{*sent reply to Lars*}. If you don't | |
2089 like this, set this variable to a function that renames the buffer in a | |
2090 manner you like. If you don't want to rename the buffer at all, you can | |
2091 say: | |
2092 | |
2093 @lisp | |
2094 (setq message-send-rename-function 'ignore) | |
2095 @end lisp | |
2096 | |
2097 @item message-kill-buffer-on-exit | |
2098 @findex message-kill-buffer-on-exit | |
2099 If non-@code{nil}, kill the buffer immediately on exit. | |
2100 | |
2101 @end table | |
2102 | |
2103 | |
2104 @node Message Actions | |
2105 @section Message Actions | |
2106 | |
2107 When Message is being used from a news/mail reader, the reader is likely | |
2108 to want to perform some task after the message has been sent. Perhaps | |
2109 return to the previous window configuration or mark an article as | |
31852 | 2110 replied. |
25829 | 2111 |
2112 @vindex message-kill-actions | |
2113 @vindex message-postpone-actions | |
2114 @vindex message-exit-actions | |
2115 @vindex message-send-actions | |
2116 The user may exit from the message buffer in various ways. The most | |
2117 common is @kbd{C-c C-c}, which sends the message and exits. Other | |
2118 possibilities are @kbd{C-c C-s} which just sends the message, @kbd{C-c | |
2119 C-d} which postpones the message editing and buries the message buffer, | |
2120 and @kbd{C-c C-k} which kills the message buffer. Each of these actions | |
2121 have lists associated with them that contains actions to be executed: | |
2122 @code{message-send-actions}, @code{message-exit-actions}, | |
31852 | 2123 @code{message-postpone-actions}, and @code{message-kill-actions}. |
25829 | 2124 |
2125 Message provides a function to interface with these lists: | |
2126 @code{message-add-action}. The first parameter is the action to be | |
2127 added, and the rest of the arguments are which lists to add this action | |
2128 to. Here's an example from Gnus: | |
2129 | |
2130 @lisp | |
2131 (message-add-action | |
2132 `(set-window-configuration ,(current-window-configuration)) | |
2133 'exit 'postpone 'kill) | |
2134 @end lisp | |
2135 | |
2136 This restores the Gnus window configuration when the message buffer is | |
2137 killed, postponed or exited. | |
2138 | |
2139 An @dfn{action} can be either: a normal function, or a list where the | |
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2140 @sc{car} is a function and the @sc{cdr} is the list of arguments, or |
25829 | 2141 a form to be @code{eval}ed. |
2142 | |
2143 | |
2144 @node Compatibility | |
2145 @chapter Compatibility | |
2146 @cindex compatibility | |
2147 | |
2148 Message uses virtually only its own variables---older @code{mail-} | |
2149 variables aren't consulted. To force Message to take those variables | |
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2150 into account, you can put the following in your @file{.emacs} file: |
25829 | 2151 |
2152 @lisp | |
2153 (require 'messcompat) | |
2154 @end lisp | |
2155 | |
2156 This will initialize many Message variables from the values in the | |
2157 corresponding mail variables. | |
2158 | |
2159 | |
2160 @node Appendices | |
2161 @chapter Appendices | |
2162 | |
2163 @menu | |
2164 * Responses:: Standard rules for determining where responses go. | |
2165 @end menu | |
2166 | |
2167 | |
2168 @node Responses | |
2169 @section Responses | |
2170 | |
2171 To determine where a message is to go, the following algorithm is used | |
2172 by default. | |
2173 | |
2174 @table @dfn | |
2175 @item reply | |
2176 A @dfn{reply} is when you want to respond @emph{just} to the person who | |
2177 sent the message via mail. There will only be one recipient. To | |
2178 determine who the recipient will be, the following headers are | |
2179 consulted, in turn: | |
2180 | |
2181 @table @code | |
2182 @item Reply-To | |
2183 | |
2184 @item From | |
2185 @end table | |
2186 | |
2187 | |
2188 @item wide reply | |
2189 A @dfn{wide reply} is a mail response that includes @emph{all} entities | |
2190 mentioned in the message you are responded to. All mailboxes from the | |
2191 following headers will be concatenated to form the outgoing | |
2192 @code{To}/@code{Cc} headers: | |
2193 | |
2194 @table @code | |
2195 @item From | |
2196 (unless there's a @code{Reply-To}, in which case that is used instead). | |
2197 | |
2198 @item Cc | |
2199 | |
2200 @item To | |
2201 @end table | |
2202 | |
2203 If a @code{Mail-Copies-To} header is present, it will also be included | |
2204 in the list of mailboxes. If this header is @samp{never}, that means | |
2205 that the @code{From} (or @code{Reply-To}) mailbox will be suppressed. | |
2206 | |
2207 | |
2208 @item followup | |
2209 A @dfn{followup} is a response sent via news. The following headers | |
2210 (listed in order of precedence) determine where the response is to be | |
2211 sent: | |
2212 | |
2213 @table @code | |
2214 | |
2215 @item Followup-To | |
2216 | |
2217 @item Newsgroups | |
2218 | |
2219 @end table | |
2220 | |
2221 If a @code{Mail-Copies-To} header is present, it will be used as the | |
2222 basis of the new @code{Cc} header, except if this header is | |
2223 @samp{never}. | |
2224 | |
2225 @end table | |
2226 | |
2227 | |
2228 | |
2229 @node Index | |
2230 @chapter Index | |
2231 @printindex cp | |
2232 | |
2233 @node Key Index | |
2234 @chapter Key Index | |
2235 @printindex ky | |
2236 | |
2237 @summarycontents | |
2238 @contents | |
2239 @bye | |
2240 | |
2241 @c End: | |
52401 | 2242 |
2243 @ignore | |
2244 arch-tag: 16ab76af-a281-4e34-aed6-5624569f7601 | |
2245 @end ignore |