Mercurial > emacs
annotate man/faq.texi @ 90395:65fc70a77429
(system_eol_type): Fix synching with HEAD.
author | Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org> |
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date | Mon, 15 May 2006 02:49:33 +0000 |
parents | 146cd8369025 |
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1 \input texinfo @c -*- mode: texinfo; -*- |
25474 | 2 @c %**start of header |
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3 @setfilename ../info/efaq |
25474 | 4 @settitle GNU Emacs FAQ |
5 @c %**end of header | |
6 | |
7 @setchapternewpage odd | |
8 | |
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9 @c This is used in many places |
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10 @set VER 22.1 |
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11 |
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12 @c This file is maintained by Romain Francoise <rfrancoise@gnu.org>. |
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13 @c Feel free to install changes without prior permission (but I'd |
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14 @c appreciate a notice if you do). |
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15 |
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16 @copying |
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17 Copyright @copyright{} 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 Free |
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18 Software Foundation, Inc.@* |
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19 Copyright 1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000 Reuven M. Lerner@* |
28127 | 20 Copyright 1992,1993 Steven Byrnes@* |
21 Copyright 1990,1991,1992 Joseph Brian Wells@* | |
25474 | 22 |
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23 @quotation |
25474 | 24 This list of frequently asked questions about GNU Emacs with answers |
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25 (``FAQ'') may be translated into other languages, transformed into other |
25474 | 26 formats (e.g. Texinfo, Info, WWW, WAIS), and updated with new information. |
27 | |
28 The same conditions apply to any derivative of the FAQ as apply to the FAQ | |
29 itself. Every copy of the FAQ must include this notice or an approved | |
30 translation, information on who is currently maintaining the FAQ and how to | |
31 contact them (including their e-mail address), and information on where the | |
32 latest version of the FAQ is archived (including FTP information). | |
33 | |
34 The FAQ may be copied and redistributed under these conditions, except that | |
35 the FAQ may not be embedded in a larger literary work unless that work | |
36 itself allows free copying and redistribution. | |
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37 |
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38 [This version has been heavily edited since it was included in the Emacs |
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39 distribution.] |
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40 @end quotation |
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41 @end copying |
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42 |
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43 @dircategory Emacs |
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44 @direntry |
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45 * Emacs FAQ: (efaq). Frequently Asked Questions about Emacs. |
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46 @end direntry |
25474 | 47 |
48 @c The @titlepage stuff only appears in the printed version | |
49 @titlepage | |
50 @sp 10 | |
51 @center @titlefont{GNU Emacs FAQ} | |
52 | |
53 @c The following two commands start the copyright page. | |
54 @page | |
55 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll | |
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56 @insertcopying |
25474 | 57 @end titlepage |
58 | |
59 @node Top, FAQ notation, (dir), (dir) | |
60 | |
61 This is the GNU Emacs FAQ, last updated on @today{}. | |
62 | |
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63 This FAQ is maintained as a part of GNU Emacs. If you find any errors, |
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64 or have any suggestions, please use @kbd{M-x report-emacs-bug} to report |
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65 them. |
25474 | 66 |
67 @menu | |
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68 * FAQ notation:: |
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69 * General questions:: |
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70 * Getting help:: |
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71 * Status of Emacs:: |
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72 * Common requests:: |
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73 * Bugs and problems:: |
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74 * Compiling and installing Emacs:: |
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75 * Finding Emacs and related packages:: |
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76 * Major packages and programs:: |
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77 * Key bindings:: |
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78 * Alternate character sets:: |
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79 * Mail and news:: |
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80 * Concept index:: |
25474 | 81 @end menu |
82 | |
83 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ | |
84 @node FAQ notation, General questions, Top, Top | |
85 @chapter FAQ notation | |
86 @cindex FAQ notation | |
87 | |
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88 This chapter describes notation used in the GNU Emacs FAQ, as well as in |
25474 | 89 the Emacs documentation. Consult this section if this is the first time |
90 you are reading the FAQ, or if you are confused by notation or terms | |
91 used in the FAQ. | |
92 | |
93 @menu | |
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94 * Basic keys:: |
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95 * Extended commands:: |
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96 * On-line manual:: |
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97 * File-name conventions:: |
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98 * Common acronyms:: |
25474 | 99 @end menu |
100 | |
101 @node Basic keys, Extended commands, FAQ notation, FAQ notation | |
40705 | 102 @section What do these mean: @kbd{C-h}, @kbd{C-M-a}, @key{RET}, @kbd{@key{ESC} a}, etc.? |
25474 | 103 @cindex Basic keys |
104 @cindex Control key, notation for | |
105 @cindex @key{Meta} key, notation for | |
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106 @cindex Control-Meta characters, notation for |
25474 | 107 @cindex @kbd{C-h}, definition of |
40705 | 108 @cindex @kbd{C-M-h}, definition of |
25474 | 109 @cindex @key{DEL}, definition of |
110 @cindex @key{ESC}, definition of | |
111 @cindex @key{LFD}, definition of | |
112 @cindex @key{RET}, definition of | |
113 @cindex @key{SPC}, definition of | |
114 @cindex @key{TAB}, definition of | |
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115 @cindex Notation for keys |
25474 | 116 |
117 @itemize @bullet | |
118 | |
119 @item | |
120 @kbd{C-x}: press the @key{x} key while holding down the @key{Control} key | |
121 | |
122 @item | |
123 @kbd{M-x}: press the @key{x} key while holding down the @key{Meta} key | |
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124 (if your computer doesn't have a @key{Meta} key, @pxref{No Meta key}) |
25474 | 125 |
126 @item | |
127 @kbd{M-C-x}: press the @key{x} key while holding down both @key{Control} | |
128 and @key{Meta} | |
129 | |
130 @item | |
131 @kbd{C-M-x}: a synonym for the above | |
132 | |
133 @item | |
134 @key{LFD}: Linefeed or Newline; same as @kbd{C-j} | |
135 | |
136 @item | |
137 @key{RET}: @key{Return}, sometimes marked @key{Enter}; same as @kbd{C-m} | |
138 | |
139 @item | |
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140 @key{DEL}: @key{Delete}, usually @strong{not} the same as |
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141 @key{Backspace}; same as @kbd{C-?} (see @ref{Backspace invokes help}, if |
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142 deleting invokes Emacs help) |
25474 | 143 |
144 @item | |
145 @key{ESC}: Escape; same as @kbd{C-[} | |
146 | |
147 @item | |
148 @key{TAB}: Tab; same as @kbd{C-i} | |
149 | |
150 @item | |
151 @key{SPC}: Space bar | |
152 | |
153 @end itemize | |
154 | |
155 Key sequences longer than one key (and some single-key sequences) are | |
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156 written inside quotes or on lines by themselves, like this: |
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157 |
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158 @display |
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159 @kbd{M-x frobnicate-while-foo RET} |
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160 @end display |
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161 |
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162 @noindent |
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163 Any real spaces in such a key sequence should be ignored; only @key{SPC} |
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164 really means press the space key. |
25474 | 165 |
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166 The @acronym{ASCII} code sent by @kbd{C-x} (except for @kbd{C-?}) is the value |
25474 | 167 that would be sent by pressing just @key{x} minus 96 (or 64 for |
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168 upper-case @key{X}) and will be from 0 to 31. On Unix and GNU/Linux |
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169 terminals, the @acronym{ASCII} code sent by @kbd{M-x} is the sum of 128 and the |
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170 @acronym{ASCII} code that would be sent by pressing just @key{x}. Essentially, |
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171 @key{Control} turns off bits 5 and 6 and @key{Meta} turns on bit |
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172 7@footnote{ |
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173 DOS and Windows terminals don't set bit 7 when the @key{Meta} key is |
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174 pressed.}. |
25474 | 175 |
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176 @kbd{C-?} (aka @key{DEL}) is @acronym{ASCII} code 127. It is a misnomer to call |
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177 @kbd{C-?} a ``control'' key, since 127 has both bits 5 and 6 turned ON. |
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178 Also, on very few keyboards does @kbd{C-?} generate @acronym{ASCII} code 127. |
25474 | 179 |
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180 @inforef{Text Characters, Text Characters, emacs}, and @inforef{Keys, |
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181 Keys, emacs}, for more information. (@xref{On-line manual}, for more |
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182 information about Info.) |
25474 | 183 |
184 @node Extended commands, On-line manual, Basic keys, FAQ notation | |
185 @section What does @file{M-x @var{command}} mean? | |
186 @cindex Extended commands | |
187 @cindex Commands, extended | |
188 @cindex M-x, meaning of | |
189 | |
190 @kbd{M-x @var{command}} means type @kbd{M-x}, then type the name of the | |
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191 command, then type @key{RET}. (@xref{Basic keys}, if you're not sure |
25474 | 192 what @kbd{M-x} and @key{RET} mean.) |
193 | |
194 @kbd{M-x} (by default) invokes the command | |
195 @code{execute-extended-command}. This command allows you to run any | |
196 Emacs command if you can remember the command's name. If you can't | |
197 remember the command's name, you can type @key{TAB} and @key{SPC} for | |
198 completion, @key{?} for a list of possibilities, and @kbd{M-p} and | |
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199 @kbd{M-n} (or up-arrow and down-arrow on terminals that have these |
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200 editing keys) to see previous commands entered. An Emacs @dfn{command} |
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201 is an @dfn{interactive} Emacs function. |
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202 |
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203 @cindex @key{Do} key |
25474 | 204 Your system administrator may have bound other key sequences to invoke |
205 @code{execute-extended-command}. A function key labeled @kbd{Do} is a | |
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206 good candidate for this, on keyboards that have such a key. |
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207 |
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208 If you need to run non-interactive Emacs functions, see @ref{Evaluating |
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209 Emacs Lisp code}. |
25474 | 210 |
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211 @node On-line manual, File-name conventions, Extended commands, FAQ notation |
25474 | 212 @section How do I read topic XXX in the on-line manual? |
213 @cindex On-line manual, reading topics in | |
214 @cindex Reading topics in the on-line manual | |
215 @cindex Finding topics in the on-line manual | |
216 @cindex Info, finding topics in | |
217 | |
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218 When we refer you to some @var{topic} in the on-line manual, you can |
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219 read this manual node inside Emacs (assuming nothing is broken) by |
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220 typing @kbd{C-h i m emacs @key{RET} m @var{topic} @key{RET}}. |
25474 | 221 |
222 This invokes Info, the GNU hypertext documentation browser. If you don't | |
223 already know how to use Info, type @key{?} from within Info. | |
224 | |
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225 If we refer to @var{topic}:@var{subtopic}, type @kbd{C-h i m emacs |
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226 @key{RET} m @var{topic} @key{RET} m @var{subtopic} @key{RET}}. |
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227 |
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228 If these commands don't work as expected, your system administrator may |
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229 not have installed the Info files, or may have installed them |
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230 improperly. In this case you should complain. |
25474 | 231 |
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232 @xref{Getting a printed manual}, if you would like a paper copy of the |
25474 | 233 Emacs manual. |
234 | |
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235 @node File-name conventions, Common acronyms, On-line manual, FAQ notation |
25474 | 236 @section What are @file{etc/SERVICE}, @file{src/config.h}, and @file{lisp/default.el}? |
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237 @cindex File-name conventions |
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238 @cindex Conventions for file names |
25474 | 239 @cindex Directories and files that come with Emacs |
240 | |
241 These are files that come with Emacs. The Emacs distribution is divided | |
242 into subdirectories; the important ones are @file{etc}, @file{lisp}, and | |
243 @file{src}. | |
244 | |
245 If you use Emacs, but don't know where it is kept on your system, start | |
246 Emacs, then type @kbd{C-h v data-directory @key{RET}}. The directory | |
247 name displayed by this will be the full pathname of the installed | |
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248 @file{etc} directory. (This full path is recorded in the Emacs variable |
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249 @code{data-directory}, and @kbd{C-h v} displays the value and the |
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250 documentation of a variable.) |
25474 | 251 |
252 The location of your Info directory (i.e., where on-line documentation | |
253 is stored) is kept in the variable @code{Info-default-directory-list}. Use | |
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254 @kbd{C-h v Info-default-directory-list @key{RET}} to see the value of |
25474 | 255 this variable, which will be a list of directory names. The last |
256 directory in that list is probably where most Info files are stored. By | |
257 default, Info documentation is placed in @file{/usr/local/info}. | |
258 | |
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259 Some of these files are available individually via FTP or e-mail; see |
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260 @ref{Informational files for Emacs}. They all are available in the |
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261 source distribution. Many of the files in the @file{etc} directory are |
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262 also available via the Emacs @samp{Help} menu, or by typing @kbd{C-h ?} |
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263 (@kbd{M-x help-for-help}). |
25474 | 264 |
265 Your system administrator may have removed the @file{src} directory and | |
266 many files from the @file{etc} directory. | |
267 | |
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268 @node Common acronyms, , File-name conventions, FAQ notation |
25474 | 269 @section What are FSF, LPF, OSF, GNU, RMS, FTP, and GPL? |
270 @cindex FSF, definition of | |
271 @cindex LPF, definition of | |
272 @cindex OSF, definition of | |
273 @cindex GNU, definition of | |
274 @cindex RMS, definition of | |
275 @cindex Stallman, Richard, acronym for | |
276 @cindex Richard Stallman, acronym for | |
277 @cindex FTP, definition of | |
278 @cindex GPL, definition of | |
279 @cindex Acronyms, definitions for | |
280 @cindex Common acronyms, definitions for | |
281 | |
282 @table @asis | |
283 | |
284 @item FSF | |
285 Free Software Foundation | |
286 | |
287 @item LPF | |
288 League for Programming Freedom | |
289 | |
290 @item OSF | |
291 Open Software Foundation | |
292 | |
293 @item GNU | |
294 GNU's Not Unix | |
295 | |
296 @item RMS | |
297 Richard Matthew Stallman | |
298 | |
299 @item FTP | |
300 File Transfer Protocol | |
301 | |
302 @item GPL | |
303 GNU General Public License | |
304 | |
305 @end table | |
306 | |
307 Avoid confusing the FSF, the LPF, and the OSF. The LPF opposes | |
308 look-and-feel copyrights and software patents. The FSF aims to make | |
309 high quality free software available for everyone. The OSF is a | |
310 consortium of computer vendors which develops commercial software for | |
311 Unix systems. | |
312 | |
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313 The word ``free'' in the title of the Free Software Foundation refers to |
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314 ``freedom,'' not ``zero cost.'' Anyone can charge any price for |
25474 | 315 GPL-covered software that they want to. However, in practice, the |
316 freedom enforced by the GPL leads to low prices, because you can always | |
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317 get the software for less money from someone else, since everyone has |
25474 | 318 the right to resell or give away GPL-covered software. |
319 | |
320 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ | |
321 @node General questions, Getting help, FAQ notation, Top | |
322 @chapter General questions | |
323 @cindex General questions | |
324 | |
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325 This chapter contains general questions having to do with Emacs, the |
25474 | 326 Free Software Foundation, and related organizations. |
327 | |
328 @menu | |
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329 * The LPF:: |
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330 * Real meaning of copyleft:: |
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331 * Guidelines for newsgroup postings:: |
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332 * Newsgroup archives:: |
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333 * Reporting bugs:: |
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334 * Unsubscribing from Emacs lists:: |
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335 * Contacting the FSF:: |
25474 | 336 @end menu |
337 | |
338 @node The LPF, Real meaning of copyleft, General questions, General questions | |
339 @section What is the LPF? | |
340 @cindex LPF, description of | |
341 @cindex League for Programming Freedom | |
342 @cindex Software patents, opposition to | |
343 @cindex Patents for software, opposition to | |
344 | |
345 The LPF opposes the expanding danger of software patents and | |
346 look-and-feel copyrights. To get more information, feel free to contact | |
347 the LPF via e-mail or otherwise. You may also contact | |
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348 @email{jbw@@cs.bu.edu, Joe Wells}; he will be happy to talk to you |
25474 | 349 about the LPF. |
350 | |
351 You can find more information about the LPF in the file @file{etc/LPF}. | |
352 More papers describing the LPF's views are available on the Internet and | |
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353 also from @uref{http://lpf.ai.mit.edu/, the LPF home page}. |
25474 | 354 |
355 @node Real meaning of copyleft, Guidelines for newsgroup postings, The LPF, General questions | |
356 @section What is the real legal meaning of the GNU copyleft? | |
357 @cindex Copyleft, real meaning of | |
358 @cindex GPL, real meaning of | |
359 @cindex General Public License, real meaning of | |
360 @cindex Discussion of the GPL | |
361 | |
362 The real legal meaning of the GNU General Public License (copyleft) will | |
363 only be known if and when a judge rules on its validity and scope. | |
364 There has never been a copyright infringement case involving the GPL to | |
365 set any precedents. Please take any discussion regarding this issue to | |
366 the newsgroup @uref{news:gnu.misc.discuss}, which was created to hold the | |
367 extensive flame wars on the subject. | |
368 | |
369 RMS writes: | |
370 | |
371 @quotation | |
372 The legal meaning of the GNU copyleft is less important than the spirit, | |
373 which is that Emacs is a free software project and that work pertaining | |
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374 to Emacs should also be free software. ``Free'' means that all users |
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375 have the freedom to study, share, change and improve Emacs. To make |
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376 sure everyone has this freedom, pass along source code when you |
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377 distribute any version of Emacs or a related program, and give the |
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378 recipients the same freedom that you enjoyed. |
25474 | 379 @end quotation |
380 | |
381 @node Guidelines for newsgroup postings, Newsgroup archives, Real meaning of copyleft, General questions | |
382 @section What are appropriate messages for @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help}, @uref{news:gnu.emacs.bug}, @uref{news:comp.emacs}, etc.? | |
383 @cindex Newsgroups, appropriate messages for | |
384 @cindex GNU newsgroups, appropriate messages for | |
385 @cindex Usenet groups, appropriate messages for | |
386 @cindex Mailing lists, appropriate messages for | |
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387 @cindex Posting messages to newsgroups |
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388 |
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389 @cindex GNU mailing lists |
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390 The file @file{etc/MAILINGLISTS} describes the purpose of each GNU |
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391 mailing list. (@xref{Informational files for Emacs}, if you want a copy |
25474 | 392 of the file.) For those lists which are gatewayed with newsgroups, it |
393 lists both the newsgroup name and the mailing list address. | |
394 | |
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395 The newsgroup @uref{news:comp.emacs} is for discussion of Emacs programs |
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396 in general. This includes Emacs along with various other |
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397 implementations, such as XEmacs, JOVE, MicroEmacs, Freemacs, MG, |
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398 Unipress, CCA, and Epsilon. |
25474 | 399 |
400 Many people post Emacs questions to @uref{news:comp.emacs} because they | |
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401 don't receive any of the @code{gnu.*} newsgroups. Arguments have been |
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402 made both for and against posting GNU-Emacs-specific material to |
25474 | 403 @uref{news:comp.emacs}. You have to decide for yourself. |
404 | |
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405 Messages advocating ``non-free'' software are considered unacceptable on |
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406 any of the @code{gnu.*} newsgroups except for @uref{news:gnu.misc.discuss}, |
25474 | 407 which was created to hold the extensive flame-wars on the subject. |
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408 ``Non-free'' software includes any software for which the end user can't |
25474 | 409 freely modify the source code and exchange enhancements. Be careful to |
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410 remove the @code{gnu.*} groups from the @samp{Newsgroups:} line when |
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411 posting a followup that recommends such software. |
25474 | 412 |
413 @uref{news:gnu.emacs.bug} is a place where bug reports appear, but avoid | |
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414 posting bug reports to this newsgroup directly (@pxref{Reporting bugs}). |
25474 | 415 |
416 @node Newsgroup archives, Reporting bugs, Guidelines for newsgroup postings, General questions | |
417 @section Where can I get old postings to @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help} and other GNU groups? | |
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418 @cindex Archived postings from @code{gnu.emacs.help} |
25474 | 419 @cindex Usenet archives for GNU groups |
420 @cindex Old Usenet postings for GNU groups | |
421 | |
422 The FSF has maintained archives of all of the GNU mailing lists for many | |
423 years, although there may be some unintentional gaps in coverage. The | |
424 archive is not particularly well organized or easy to retrieve | |
425 individual postings from, but pretty much everything is there. | |
426 | |
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427 The archive is at @uref{ftp://lists.gnu.org/}. |
25474 | 428 |
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429 The archive can be browsed over the web at |
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430 @uref{http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/, the GNU mail archive}. |
25474 | 431 |
432 Web-based Usenet search services, such as | |
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433 @uref{http://groups.google.com/groups/dir?sel=33592484, Google}, also |
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434 archive the @code{gnu.*} groups. |
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435 |
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436 You can read the archives of the @code{gnu.*} groups and post new |
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437 messages at @uref{http://gmane.org/, Gmane}. |
25474 | 438 |
439 @node Reporting bugs, Unsubscribing from Emacs lists, Newsgroup archives, General questions | |
440 @section Where should I report bugs and other problems with Emacs? | |
441 @cindex Bug reporting | |
442 @cindex Good bug reports | |
443 @cindex How to submit a bug report | |
444 @cindex Reporting bugs | |
445 | |
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446 The correct way to report Emacs bugs is to use the command |
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447 @kbd{M-x report-emacs-bug}. It sets up a mail buffer with the |
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448 essential information and the correct e-mail address which is |
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449 @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} for the released versions of Emacs. |
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450 Anything sent to @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} also appears in the |
25474 | 451 newsgroup @uref{news:gnu.emacs.bug}, but please use e-mail instead of |
452 news to submit the bug report. This ensures a reliable return address | |
453 so you can be contacted for further details. | |
454 | |
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455 Be sure to read the ``Bugs'' section of the Emacs manual before reporting |
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456 a bug! The manual describes in detail how to submit a useful bug |
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457 report (@pxref{Bugs, , Reporting Bugs, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}). |
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458 (@xref{On-line manual}, if you don't know how to read the manual.) |
25474 | 459 |
460 RMS says: | |
461 | |
462 @quotation | |
463 Sending bug reports to @email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} (which has the | |
464 effect of posting on @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help}) is undesirable because | |
465 it takes the time of an unnecessarily large group of people, most of | |
466 whom are just users and have no idea how to fix these problem. | |
467 @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} reaches a much smaller group of people | |
468 who are more likely to know what to do and have expressed a wish to | |
469 receive more messages about Emacs than the others. | |
470 @end quotation | |
471 | |
472 RMS says it is sometimes fine to post to @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help}: | |
473 | |
474 @quotation | |
475 If you have reported a bug and you don't hear about a possible fix, | |
476 then after a suitable delay (such as a week) it is okay to post on | |
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477 @code{gnu.emacs.help} asking if anyone can help you. |
25474 | 478 @end quotation |
479 | |
480 If you are unsure whether you have found a bug, consider the following | |
481 non-exhaustive list, courtesy of RMS: | |
482 | |
483 @quotation | |
484 If Emacs crashes, that is a bug. If Emacs gets compilation errors | |
485 while building, that is a bug. If Emacs crashes while building, that | |
486 is a bug. If Lisp code does not do what the documentation says it | |
487 does, that is a bug. | |
488 @end quotation | |
489 | |
490 @node Unsubscribing from Emacs lists, Contacting the FSF, Reporting bugs, General questions | |
491 @section How do I unsubscribe from this mailing list? | |
492 @cindex Unsubscribing from GNU mailing lists | |
493 @cindex Removing yourself from GNU mailing lists | |
494 | |
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495 If you are receiving a GNU mailing list named @var{list}, you might be |
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496 able to unsubscribe from it by sending a request to the address |
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497 @email{@var{list}-request@@gnu.org}. However, this will not work if you are |
25474 | 498 not listed on the main mailing list, but instead receive the mail from a |
499 distribution point. In that case, you will have to track down at which | |
500 distribution point you are listed. Inspecting the @samp{Received} headers | |
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501 on the mail messages may help, along with liberal use of the @samp{EXPN} or |
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502 @samp{VRFY} sendmail commands through @samp{telnet @var{site-address} |
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503 smtp}. Ask your postmaster for help, if you cannot figure out these |
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504 details. |
25474 | 505 |
506 @node Contacting the FSF, , Unsubscribing from Emacs lists, General questions | |
507 @section What is the current address of the FSF? | |
508 @cindex Snail mail address of the FSF | |
509 @cindex Postal address of the FSF | |
510 @cindex Contracting the FSF | |
511 @cindex Free Software Foundation, contacting | |
512 | |
513 @table @asis | |
514 | |
515 @item E-mail | |
516 gnu@@gnu.org | |
517 | |
518 @item Telephone | |
519 +1-617-542-5942 | |
520 | |
521 @item Fax | |
522 +1-617-542-2652 | |
523 | |
524 @item World Wide Web | |
525 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/} | |
526 | |
527 @item Postal address | |
528 Free Software Foundation@* | |
64083 | 529 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor@* |
530 Boston, MA 02110-1301@* | |
25474 | 531 USA@* |
532 | |
533 @end table | |
534 | |
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535 @cindex Ordering GNU software |
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536 For details on how to order items directly from the FSF, see the |
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537 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html, GNU Web site}. |
25474 | 538 |
539 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ | |
540 @node Getting help, Status of Emacs, General questions, Top | |
541 @chapter Getting help | |
542 @cindex Getting help | |
543 | |
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544 This chapter tells you how to get help with Emacs |
25474 | 545 |
546 @menu | |
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547 * Basic editing:: |
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548 * Learning how to do something:: |
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549 * Getting a printed manual:: |
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550 * Emacs Lisp documentation:: |
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551 * Installing Texinfo documentation:: |
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552 * Printing a Texinfo file:: |
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553 * Viewing Info files outside of Emacs:: |
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554 * Informational files for Emacs:: |
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555 * Help installing Emacs:: |
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556 * Obtaining the FAQ:: |
25474 | 557 @end menu |
558 | |
559 @node Basic editing, Learning how to do something, Getting help, Getting help | |
560 @section I'm just starting Emacs; how do I do basic editing? | |
561 @cindex Basic editing with Emacs | |
562 @cindex Beginning editing | |
563 @cindex Tutorial, invoking the | |
564 @cindex Self-paced tutorial, invoking the | |
565 @cindex Help system, entering the | |
566 | |
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567 Type @kbd{C-h t} to invoke the self-paced tutorial. Just typing |
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568 @kbd{C-h} enters the help system. Starting with Emacs 22, the tutorial |
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569 is available in many foreign languages such as French, German, Japanese, |
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570 Russian, etc. Use @kbd{M-x help-with-tutorial-spec-language @key{RET}} |
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571 to choose your language and start the tutorial. |
25474 | 572 |
573 Your system administrator may have changed @kbd{C-h} to act like | |
574 @key{DEL} to deal with local keyboards. You can use @kbd{M-x | |
575 help-for-help} instead to invoke help. To discover what key (if any) | |
576 invokes help on your system, type @kbd{M-x where-is @key{RET} | |
577 help-for-help @key{RET}}. This will print a comma-separated list of key | |
578 sequences in the echo area. Ignore the last character in each key | |
579 sequence listed. Each of the resulting key sequences invokes help. | |
580 | |
581 Emacs help works best if it is invoked by a single key whose value | |
582 should be stored in the variable @code{help-char}. | |
583 | |
584 @node Learning how to do something, Getting a printed manual, Basic editing, Getting help | |
585 @section How do I find out how to do something in Emacs? | |
586 @cindex Help for Emacs | |
587 @cindex Learning to do something in Emacs | |
588 @cindex Reference card for Emacs | |
589 @cindex Overview of help systems | |
590 | |
591 There are several methods for finding out how to do things in Emacs. | |
592 | |
593 @itemize @bullet | |
594 | |
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595 @cindex Reading the Emacs manual |
25474 | 596 @item |
597 The complete text of the Emacs manual is available on-line via the Info | |
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598 hypertext reader. Type @kbd{C-h r} to display the manual in Info mode. |
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599 Typing @key{h} immediately after entering Info will provide a short |
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600 tutorial on how to use it. |
25474 | 601 |
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602 @cindex Lookup a subject in a manual |
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603 @cindex Index search in a manual |
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604 @item |
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605 To quickly locate the section of the manual which discusses a certain |
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606 issue, or describes a command or a variable, type @kbd{C-h i m emacs |
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607 @key{RET} i @var{topic} @key{RET}}, where @var{topic} is the name of the |
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608 topic, the command, or the variable which you are looking for. If this |
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609 does not land you on the right place in the manual, press @kbd{,} |
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610 (comma) repeatedly until you find what you need. (The @kbd{i} and |
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611 @kbd{,} keys invoke the index-searching functions, which look for the |
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612 @var{topic} you type in all the indices of the Emacs manual.) |
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613 |
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614 @cindex Apropos |
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615 @item |
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616 You can list all of the commands whose names contain a certain word |
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617 (actually which match a regular expression) using @kbd{C-h a} (@kbd{M-x |
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618 command-apropos}). |
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619 |
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620 @cindex Command description in the manual |
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621 @item |
54478 | 622 The command @kbd{C-h F} (@code{Info-goto-emacs-command-node}) prompts |
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623 for the name of a command, and then attempts to find the section in the |
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624 Emacs manual where that command is described. |
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625 |
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626 @cindex Finding commands and variables |
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627 @item |
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628 You can list all of the functions and variables whose names contain a |
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629 certain word using @kbd{M-x apropos}. |
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630 |
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631 @item |
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632 You can list all of the functions and variables whose documentation |
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633 matches a regular expression or a string, using @kbd{M-x |
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634 apropos-documentation}. |
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635 |
25474 | 636 @item |
637 You can order a hardcopy of the manual from the FSF. @xref{Getting a | |
638 printed manual}. | |
639 | |
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640 @cindex Reference cards, in other languages |
25474 | 641 @item |
642 You can get a printed reference card listing commands and keys to | |
643 invoke them. You can order one from the FSF for $1 (or 10 for $5), | |
644 or you can print your own from the @file{etc/refcard.tex} or | |
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645 @file{etc/refcard.ps} files in the Emacs distribution. Beginning with |
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646 version 21.1, the Emacs distribution comes with translations of the |
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647 reference card into several languages; look for files named |
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648 @file{etc/@var{lang}-refcard.*}, where @var{lang} is a two-letter code |
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649 of the language. For example, the German version of the reference card |
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650 is in the files @file{etc/de-refcard.tex} and @file{etc/de-refcard.ps}. |
25474 | 651 |
652 @item | |
653 There are many other commands in Emacs for getting help and | |
654 information. To get a list of these commands, type @samp{?} after | |
655 @kbd{C-h}. | |
656 | |
657 @end itemize | |
658 | |
659 @node Getting a printed manual, Emacs Lisp documentation, Learning how to do something, Getting help | |
660 @section How do I get a printed copy of the Emacs manual? | |
661 @cindex Printed Emacs manual, obtaining | |
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662 @cindex Manual, obtaining a printed or HTML copy of |
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663 @cindex Emacs manual, obtaining a printed or HTML copy of |
25474 | 664 |
665 You can order a printed copy of the Emacs manual from the FSF. For | |
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666 details see the @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html, GNU Web site}. |
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667 |
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668 @c The number 620 below is version-dependent! |
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669 The full Texinfo source for the manual also comes in the @file{man} |
25474 | 670 directory of the Emacs distribution, if you're daring enough to try to |
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671 print out this 620-page manual yourself (@pxref{Printing a Texinfo |
25474 | 672 file}). |
673 | |
674 If you absolutely have to print your own copy, and you don't have @TeX{}, | |
675 you can get a PostScript version from | |
676 | |
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677 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/emacs.ps.gz} |
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678 |
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679 @cindex HTML version of Emacs manual, obtaining |
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680 An HTML version of the manual is at |
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681 |
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682 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/emacs.html} |
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683 |
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684 The manual is available in other formats at |
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|
685 |
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|
686 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/} |
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|
687 |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
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|
688 @xref{Learning how to do something}, for how to view the manual on-line. |
25474 | 689 |
690 @node Emacs Lisp documentation, Installing Texinfo documentation, Getting a printed manual, Getting help | |
691 @section Where can I get documentation on Emacs Lisp? | |
692 @cindex Documentation on Emacs Lisp | |
693 @cindex Function documentation | |
694 @cindex Variable documentation | |
695 @cindex Emacs Lisp Reference Manual | |
696 @cindex Reference manual for Emacs Lisp | |
697 | |
698 Within Emacs, you can type @kbd{C-h f} to get the documentation for a | |
699 function, @kbd{C-h v} for a variable. | |
700 | |
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701 For more information, the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual is available |
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702 on-line, in Info format. @xref{Top, Emacs Lisp,, elisp, The |
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|
703 Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}. |
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|
704 |
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|
705 You can also order a hardcopy of the manual, details on ordering it from |
b6000aca7291
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|
706 FSF are on the @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html, GNU Web site}. |
34741
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|
707 |
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|
708 An HTML version of the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual is available at |
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|
709 |
67483
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|
710 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/elisp-manual/elisp.html} |
25474 | 711 |
712 @node Installing Texinfo documentation, Printing a Texinfo file, Emacs Lisp documentation, Getting help | |
713 @section How do I install a piece of Texinfo documentation? | |
714 @cindex Texinfo documentation, installing | |
715 @cindex Installing Texinfo documentation | |
716 @cindex New Texinfo files, installing | |
717 @cindex Documentation, installing new Texinfo files | |
34741
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718 @cindex Info files, how to install |
25474 | 719 |
720 First, you must turn the Texinfo files into Info files. You may do this | |
721 using the stand-alone @file{makeinfo} program, available as part of the latest | |
722 Texinfo package at | |
723 | |
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|
724 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/texinfo/texinfo-4.8.tar.gz} |
34741
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|
725 |
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|
726 and all mirrors of @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (for a list, @pxref{Current GNU |
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727 distributions}). |
25474 | 728 |
729 For information about the Texinfo format, read the Texinfo manual which | |
34741
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730 comes with the Texinfo package. This manual also comes installed in |
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|
731 Info format, so you can read it on-line; type @kbd{C-h i m texinfo |
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|
732 @key{RET}}. |
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|
733 |
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734 Alternatively, you could use the Emacs command @kbd{M-x |
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735 texinfo-format-buffer}, after visiting the Texinfo source file of the |
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|
736 manual you want to convert. |
25474 | 737 |
738 Neither @code{texinfo-format-buffer} nor @file{makeinfo} installs the | |
34741
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739 resulting Info files in Emacs's Info tree. To install Info files, |
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740 perform these steps: |
25474 | 741 |
742 @enumerate | |
34741
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|
743 @item |
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|
744 Move the files to the @file{info} directory in the installed Emacs |
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|
745 distribution. @xref{File-name conventions}, if you don't know where that |
34741
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|
746 is. |
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|
747 |
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|
748 @item |
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|
749 Run the @code{install-info} command, which is part of the Texinfo |
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750 distribution, to update the main Info directory menu, like this: |
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|
751 |
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|
752 @example |
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|
753 install-info --info-dir=@var{dir-path} @var{dir-path}/@var{file} |
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|
754 @end example |
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|
755 |
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|
756 @noindent |
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|
757 where @var{dir-path} is the full path to the directory where you copied |
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758 the produced Info file(s), and @var{file} is the name of the Info file |
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|
759 you produced and want to install. |
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|
760 |
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|
761 If you don't have the @code{install-info} command installed, you can |
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|
762 edit the file @file{info/dir} in the installed Emacs distribution, and |
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|
763 add a line for the top level node in the Info package that you are |
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|
764 installing. Follow the examples already in this file. The format is: |
25474 | 765 |
766 @example | |
767 * Topic: (relative-pathname). Short description of topic. | |
768 @end example | |
769 | |
49429
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Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
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|
770 @end enumerate |
25474 | 771 |
772 If you want to install Info files and you don't have the necessary | |
773 privileges, you have several options: | |
774 | |
775 @itemize @bullet | |
776 @item | |
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|
777 Info files don't actually need to be installed before being used. |
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|
778 You can use a prefix argument for the @code{info} command and specify |
23ad987a0092
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|
779 the name of the Info file in the minibuffer. This goes to the node |
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Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
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|
780 named @samp{Top} in that file. For example, to view a Info file named |
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|
781 @file{@var{info-file}} in your home directory, you can type this: |
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|
782 |
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parents:
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|
783 @example |
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Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
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|
784 @kbd{C-u C-h i ~/@var{info-file} @key{RET}} |
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|
785 @end example |
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|
786 |
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|
787 Alternatively, you can feed a file name to the @code{Info-goto-node} |
23ad987a0092
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parents:
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|
788 command (invoked by pressing @key{g} in Info mode) by typing the name |
23ad987a0092
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|
789 of the file in parentheses, like this: |
25474 | 790 |
37530
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Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
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|
791 @example |
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Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
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|
792 @kbd{C-h i g (~/@var{info-file}) @key{RET}} |
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|
793 @end example |
25474 | 794 |
795 @item | |
34741
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796 You can create your own Info directory. You can tell Emacs where that |
25474 | 797 Info directory is by adding its pathname to the value of the variable |
798 @code{Info-default-directory-list}. For example, to use a private Info | |
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|
799 directory which is a subdirectory of your home directory named @file{Info}, |
25474 | 800 you could put this in your @file{.emacs} file: |
801 | |
802 @lisp | |
803 (setq Info-default-directory-list | |
804 (cons "~/Info" Info-default-directory-list)) | |
805 @end lisp | |
806 | |
807 You will need a top-level Info file named @file{dir} in this directory | |
34741
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|
808 which has everything the system @file{dir} file has in it, except it should |
25474 | 809 list only entries for Info files in that directory. You might not need |
810 it if all files in this directory were referenced by other @file{dir} | |
811 files. The node lists from all @file{dir} files in | |
812 @code{Info-default-directory-list} are merged by the Info system. | |
813 | |
814 @end itemize | |
815 | |
816 @node Printing a Texinfo file, Viewing Info files outside of Emacs, Installing Texinfo documentation, Getting help | |
817 @section How do I print a Texinfo file? | |
818 @cindex Printing a Texinfo file | |
819 @cindex Texinfo file, printing | |
34741
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|
820 @cindex Printing documentation |
25474 | 821 |
822 You can't get nicely printed output from Info files; you must still have | |
823 the original Texinfo source file for the manual you want to print. | |
824 | |
825 Assuming you have @TeX{} installed on your system, follow these steps: | |
826 | |
827 @enumerate | |
828 | |
34741
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|
829 @item |
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|
830 Make sure the first line of the Texinfo file looks like this: |
25474 | 831 |
832 @example | |
833 \input texinfo | |
834 @end example | |
835 | |
34741
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|
836 You may need to change @samp{texinfo} to the full pathname of the |
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|
837 @file{texinfo.tex} file, which comes with Emacs as |
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|
838 @file{man/texinfo.tex} (or copy or link it into the current directory). |
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|
839 |
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|
840 @item |
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|
841 Type @kbd{texi2dvi @var{texinfo-source}}, where @var{texinfo-source} is |
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|
842 the name of the Texinfo source file for which you want to produce a |
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|
843 printed copy. |
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|
844 |
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changeset
|
845 The @samp{texi2dvi} script is part of the GNU Texinfo distribution |
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|
846 (@pxref{Installing Texinfo documentation}). |
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|
847 |
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|
848 @item |
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|
849 Print the DVI file @file{@var{texinfo-source}.dvi} in the normal way for |
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|
850 printing DVI files at your site. For example, if you have a PostScript |
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|
851 printer, run the @code{dvips} program to print the DVI file on that |
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|
852 printer. |
25474 | 853 |
854 @end enumerate | |
855 | |
856 To get more general instructions, retrieve the latest Texinfo package | |
25476
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General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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changeset
|
857 (@pxref{Installing Texinfo documentation}). |
25474 | 858 |
859 @node Viewing Info files outside of Emacs, Informational files for Emacs, Printing a Texinfo file, Getting help | |
860 @section Can I view Info files without using Emacs? | |
861 @cindex Viewing Info files | |
862 @cindex Info file viewers | |
863 @cindex Alternative Info file viewers | |
864 | |
865 Yes. Here are some alternative programs: | |
866 | |
867 @itemize @bullet | |
868 | |
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|
869 @item |
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|
870 @code{info}, a stand-alone version of the Info program, comes as part of |
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|
871 the Texinfo package. @xref{Installing Texinfo documentation}, for |
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|
872 details. |
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873 |
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|
874 @item |
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875 Xinfo, a stand-alone version of the Info program that runs under X |
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|
876 Window system. You can get it at |
25474 | 877 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/xinfo/xinfo-1.01.01.tar.gz} and all |
34741
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|
878 mirrors of @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (see @ref{Current GNU distributions}, for a |
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|
879 list of mirrors). |
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|
880 |
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|
881 @item |
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|
882 Tkinfo, an Info viewer that runs under X Window system and uses Tcl/Tk. |
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883 You can get Tkinfo at |
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884 @uref{http://math-www.uni-paderborn.de/~axel/tkinfo/}. |
25474 | 885 |
886 @end itemize | |
887 | |
888 @node Informational files for Emacs, Help installing Emacs, Viewing Info files outside of Emacs, Getting help | |
889 @section What informational files are available for Emacs? | |
890 @cindex Informational files included with Emacs | |
891 @cindex Files included with Emacs | |
892 @cindex @file{COPYING}, description of file | |
893 @cindex @file{DISTRIB}, description of file | |
894 @cindex @file{FTP}, description of file | |
895 @cindex @file{GNU}, description of file | |
896 @cindex @file{INTERVIEW}, description of file | |
897 @cindex @file{LPF}, description of file | |
898 @cindex @file{MACHINES}, description of file | |
899 @cindex @file{MAILINGLISTS}, description of file | |
900 @cindex @file{NEWS}, description of file | |
901 @cindex @file{SERVICE}, description of file | |
902 @cindex @file{SUN-SUPPORT}, description of file | |
903 | |
904 This isn't a frequently asked question, but it should be! A variety of | |
905 informational files about Emacs and relevant aspects of the GNU project | |
906 are available for you to read. | |
907 | |
908 The following files are available in the @file{etc} directory of the | |
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909 Emacs distribution (see @ref{File-name conventions}, if you're not sure |
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910 where that is). |
25474 | 911 |
912 @table @file | |
913 | |
914 @item COPYING | |
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915 GNU General Public License |
25474 | 916 |
917 @item DISTRIB | |
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|
918 Emacs Availability Information, including the popular Free Software |
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|
919 Foundation Order Form |
25474 | 920 |
921 @item FTP | |
922 How to get GNU Software by Internet FTP or by UUCP | |
923 | |
924 @item GNU | |
925 The GNU Manifesto | |
926 | |
927 @item INTERVIEW | |
928 Richard Stallman discusses his public-domain UNIX-compatible software | |
929 system with BYTE editors | |
930 | |
931 @item LPF | |
932 Why you should join the League for Programming Freedom | |
933 | |
934 @item MACHINES | |
935 Status of Emacs on Various Machines and Systems | |
936 | |
937 @item MAILINGLISTS | |
938 GNU Project Electronic Mailing Lists | |
939 | |
940 @item NEWS | |
34741
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|
941 Emacs news, a history of recent user-visible changes |
25474 | 942 |
943 @item SERVICE | |
944 GNU Service Directory | |
945 | |
946 @item SUN-SUPPORT | |
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|
947 including ``Using Emacstool with GNU Emacs'' |
25474 | 948 |
949 @end table | |
950 | |
34741
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951 More GNU information, including back issues of the @cite{GNU's |
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|
952 Bulletin}, are at |
25474 | 953 |
954 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/bulletins/bulletins.html} and | |
955 | |
956 @uref{http://www.cs.pdx.edu/~trent/gnu/gnu.html} | |
957 | |
958 @node Help installing Emacs, Obtaining the FAQ, Informational files for Emacs, Getting help | |
959 @section Where can I get help in installing Emacs? | |
960 @cindex Installation help | |
961 @cindex Help installing Emacs | |
962 | |
34741
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963 @xref{Installing Emacs}, for some basic installation hints, and see |
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964 @ref{Problems building Emacs}, or @ref{Linking with -lX11 fails}, if you |
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|
965 have problems with the installation. |
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|
966 |
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|
967 The file @file{etc/SERVICE} (see @ref{File-name conventions}, if you're |
34741
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|
968 not sure where that is) lists companies and individuals willing to sell |
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969 you help in installing or using Emacs. An up-to-date version this file |
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|
970 is available on @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (@pxref{Informational files for |
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|
971 Emacs}). |
25474 | 972 |
973 @node Obtaining the FAQ, , Help installing Emacs, Getting help | |
974 @section Where can I get the latest version of this FAQ? | |
975 @cindex FAQ, obtaining the | |
976 @cindex Latest FAQ version, obtaining the | |
977 @cindex Retrieving the latest FAQ version | |
978 @cindex E-mail, retrieving the FAQ via | |
979 @cindex Web, reading the FAQ on the | |
980 | |
981 The Emacs FAQ is available in several ways: | |
982 | |
983 @itemize @bullet | |
984 | |
985 @item | |
34741
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986 Inside of Emacs itself. You can get it from selecting the @samp{Emacs |
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|
987 FAQ} option from the @samp{Help} menu of the Emacs menu bar at the top |
54478 | 988 of any Emacs frame, or by typing @kbd{C-h C-f} (@kbd{M-x view-emacs-FAQ}). |
25474 | 989 |
990 @item | |
991 Via USENET. If you can read news, the FAQ should be available in your | |
992 news spool, in both the @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help} and | |
993 @uref{news:comp.emacs} newsgroups. Every news reader should allow you | |
994 to read any news article that is still in the news spool, even if you | |
995 have read the article before. You may need to read the instructions for | |
996 your news reader to discover how to do this. In @file{rn}, this command | |
997 will do this for you at the article selection level: | |
998 | |
999 @example | |
1000 ?GNU Emacs Frequently Asked Questions?rc:m | |
1001 @end example | |
1002 | |
1003 In Gnus, you should type @kbd{C-u C-x C-s} from the @file{*Summary*} | |
1004 buffer or @kbd{C-u @key{SPC}} from the @file{*Newsgroup*} buffer to view | |
1005 all articles in a newsgroup. | |
1006 | |
34741
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1007 If the FAQ articles have expired and have been deleted from your news |
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1008 spool, it might (or might not) do some good to complain to your news |
25474 | 1009 administrator, because the most recent FAQ should not expire for a |
1010 while. | |
1011 | |
34741
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|
1012 @item |
25474 | 1013 In the Emacs distribution. Since Emacs 18.56, the FAQ at the time |
37530
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|
1014 of release has been part of the Emacs distribution as either |
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|
1015 @file{etc/FAQ} or @file{man/faq.texi} (@pxref{File-name conventions}). |
25474 | 1016 |
1017 @item | |
1018 Via anonymous ftp and e-mail from @file{rtfm.mit.edu} (and its mirror in | |
1019 Europe), the main repository for FAQs and other items posted to | |
1020 news.answers. The Emacs FAQs are available at | |
1021 | |
1022 @uref{ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.emacs/} and | |
1023 | |
1024 @uref{ftp://ftp.uni-paderborn.de/pub/doc/FAQ/comp/emacs/} | |
1025 | |
1026 If you do not have access to anonymous FTP, you can access the archives | |
1027 using the @file{rtfm.mit.edu} mail server. The Emacs FAQ can be | |
1028 retrieved by sending mail to @email{mail-server@@rtfm.mit.edu} with a | |
1029 blank subject and containing | |
1030 | |
1031 @example | |
1032 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/diffs | |
1033 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part1 | |
1034 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part2 | |
1035 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part3 | |
1036 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part4 | |
1037 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part5 | |
1038 @end example | |
1039 | |
1040 For more information, send email to @email{mail-server@@rtfm.mit.edu} | |
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Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
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|
1041 with @samp{help} and @samp{index} in the body on separate lines. |
25474 | 1042 @end itemize |
1043 | |
1044 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ | |
1045 @node Status of Emacs, Common requests, Getting help, Top | |
1046 @chapter Status of Emacs | |
1047 @cindex Status of Emacs | |
1048 | |
34741
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1049 This chapter gives you basic information about Emacs, including its |
25474 | 1050 latest version status. |
1051 | |
1052 @menu | |
49429
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1053 * Origin of the term Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
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|
1054 * Latest version of Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
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|
1055 * New in Emacs 20:: |
bb4e71346ae7
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|
1056 * New in Emacs 21:: |
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1057 * New in Emacs 22:: |
25474 | 1058 @end menu |
1059 | |
1060 @node Origin of the term Emacs, Latest version of Emacs, Status of Emacs, Status of Emacs | |
34741
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1061 @section Where does the name ``Emacs'' come from? |
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1062 @cindex Origin of the term ``Emacs'' |
25474 | 1063 @cindex Emacs name origin |
1064 @cindex TECO | |
1065 @cindex Original version of Emacs | |
1066 | |
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1067 Emacs originally was an acronym for Editor MACroS. RMS says he ``picked |
25474 | 1068 the name Emacs because @key{E} was not in use as an abbreviation on ITS at |
34741
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1069 the time.'' The first Emacs was a set of macros written in 1976 at MIT |
25474 | 1070 by RMS for the editor TECO (Text Editor and COrrector, originally Tape |
1071 Editor and COrrector) under ITS on a PDP-10. RMS had already extended | |
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1072 TECO with a ``real-time'' full-screen mode with reprogrammable keys. |
25474 | 1073 Emacs was started by @email{gls@@east.sun.com, Guy Steele} as a project |
1074 to unify the many divergent TECO command sets and key bindings at MIT, | |
1075 and completed by RMS. | |
1076 | |
1077 Many people have said that TECO code looks a lot like line noise; you | |
1078 can read more at @uref{news:alt.lang.teco}. Someone has written a TECO | |
34741
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1079 implementation in Emacs Lisp (to find it, see @ref{Packages that do not |
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1080 come with Emacs}); it would be an interesting project to run the |
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1081 original TECO Emacs inside of Emacs. |
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1082 |
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1083 @cindex Why Emacs? |
25474 | 1084 For some not-so-serious alternative reasons for Emacs to have that |
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1085 name, check out the file @file{etc/JOKES} (@pxref{File-name |
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1086 conventions}). |
25474 | 1087 |
1088 @node Latest version of Emacs, New in Emacs 20, Origin of the term Emacs, Status of Emacs | |
1089 @section What is the latest version of Emacs? | |
1090 @cindex Version, latest | |
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1091 @cindex Latest version of Emacs |
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1092 |
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1093 Emacs @value{VER} is the current version as of this writing. |
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1094 |
69129
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(Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
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changeset
|
1095 @node New in Emacs 20, New in Emacs 21, Latest version of Emacs, Status of Emacs |
25474 | 1096 @section What is different about Emacs 20? |
1097 @cindex Differences between Emacs 19 and Emacs 20 | |
1098 @cindex Emacs 20, new features in | |
1099 | |
54478 | 1100 To find out what has changed in recent versions, type @kbd{C-h C-n} |
25474 | 1101 (@kbd{M-x view-emacs-news}). The oldest changes are at the bottom of |
1102 the file, so you might want to read it starting there, rather than at | |
1103 the top. | |
1104 | |
1105 The differences between Emacs versions 18 and 19 was rather dramatic; | |
1106 the introduction of frames, faces, and colors on windowing systems was | |
1107 obvious to even the most casual user. | |
1108 | |
1109 There are differences between Emacs versions 19 and 20 as well, but many | |
1110 are more subtle or harder to find. Among the changes are the inclusion | |
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1111 of MULE code for languages that use non-Latin characters and for mixing |
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1112 several languages in the same document; the ``Customize'' facility for |
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1113 modifying variables without having to use Lisp; and automatic conversion |
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1114 of files from Macintosh, Microsoft, and Unix platforms. |
25474 | 1115 |
1116 A number of older Lisp packages, such as Gnus, Supercite and the | |
1117 calendar/diary, have been updated and enhanced to work with Emacs 20, | |
1118 and are now included with the standard distribution. | |
1119 | |
1120 | |
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1121 @node New in Emacs 21, New in Emacs 22, New in Emacs 20, Status of Emacs |
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1122 @section What is different about Emacs 21? |
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1123 @cindex Differences between Emacs 20 and Emacs 21 |
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1124 @cindex Emacs 21, new features in |
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1125 @cindex Recently introduced features |
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1126 |
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1127 @cindex Variable-size fonts |
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1128 @cindex Toolbar support |
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diff
changeset
|
1129 Emacs 21 features a thorough rewrite of the display engine. The new |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1130 display engine supports variable-size fonts, images, and can play sounds |
46918
82d113655734
Minor spelling and grammar corrections.
Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>
parents:
46655
diff
changeset
|
1131 on platforms which support that. As a result, the visual appearance of |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1132 Emacs, when it runs on a windowed display, is much more reminiscent of |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1133 modern GUI programs, and includes 3D widgets (used for the mode line and |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1134 the scroll bars), a configurable and extensible toolbar, tooltips |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1135 (a.k.a.@: balloon help), and other niceties. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1136 |
36842
654b53bab583
Change "character terminal" to "text-only terminal".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36515
diff
changeset
|
1137 @cindex Colors on text-only terminals |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1138 @cindex TTY colors |
36842
654b53bab583
Change "character terminal" to "text-only terminal".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36515
diff
changeset
|
1139 In addition, Emacs 21 supports faces on text-only terminals. This means |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1140 that you can now have colors when you run Emacs on a GNU/Linux console |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1141 and on @code{xterm} with @kbd{emacs -nw}. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1142 |
69129
23ad987a0092
(Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
68950
diff
changeset
|
1143 @node New in Emacs 22, , New in Emacs 21, Status of Emacs |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1144 @section What is different about Emacs 22? |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1145 @cindex Differences between Emacs 21 and Emacs 22 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1146 @cindex Emacs 22, new features in |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1147 @cindex Recently introduced features |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1148 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1149 @c FIXME: Improve this node before the 22.1 release. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1150 @cindex Default features |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1151 Font-lock mode, auto-compression mode, and file name shadow mode are now |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1152 enabled by default. It is now possible to follow links with |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1153 @kbd{mouse-1}. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1154 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1155 @cindex Supported systems |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1156 Emacs 22 features support for GNU/Linux systems on S390 and X86-64 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1157 machines, as well as support for the Mac OS X and Cygwin operating |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1158 systems. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1159 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1160 @cindex GTK+ Toolkit |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1161 @cindex Drag-and-drop |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1162 @cindex Mouse wheel |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1163 Emacs can now be built with GTK+ widgets, and supports drag-and-drop |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1164 operation on X. Mouse wheel support is now enabled by default. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1165 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1166 @cindex New modes |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1167 Many new modes and packages have been included in Emacs, such as Leim, |
68451
fc745b05e928
Revision: emacs@sv.gnu.org/emacs--devo--0--patch-22
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
67892
diff
changeset
|
1168 Calc, Tramp and URL, as well as IDO, CUA, rcirc, ERC, conf-mode, |
69693
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
1169 python-mode, table, tumme, SES, ruler, Flymake, Org, PGG, etc. |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1170 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1171 @cindex Documentation |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1172 @cindex Emacs Lisp Manual |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1173 In addition, Emacs 22 now includes the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1174 (@pxref{Emacs Lisp documentation}) and the Emacs Lisp Intro. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1175 |
25474 | 1176 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ |
1177 @node Common requests, Bugs and problems, Status of Emacs, Top | |
1178 @chapter Common requests | |
1179 @cindex Common requests | |
1180 | |
1181 @menu | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1182 * Setting up a customization file:: |
67892
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1183 * Using Customize:: |
69129
23ad987a0092
(Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
68950
diff
changeset
|
1184 * Colors on a TTY:: |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1185 * Debugging a customization file:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1186 * Displaying the current line or column:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1187 * Displaying the current file name in the titlebar:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1188 * Turning on abbrevs by default:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1189 * Associating modes with files:: |
69133
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
1190 * Highlighting a region:: |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
1191 * Replacing highlighted text:: |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
1192 * Controlling case sensitivity:: |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1193 * Working with unprintable characters:: |
68735
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
1194 * Searching for/replacing newlines:: |
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
1195 * Yanking text in isearch:: |
69129
23ad987a0092
(Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
68950
diff
changeset
|
1196 * Wrapping words automatically:: |
69133
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
1197 * Turning on auto-fill by default:: |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1198 * Spell-checkers:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1199 * Checking TeX and *roff documents:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1200 * Changing load-path:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1201 * Using an already running Emacs process:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1202 * Compiler error messages:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1203 * Indenting switch statements:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1204 * Customizing C and C++ indentation:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1205 * Horizontal scrolling:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1206 * Overwrite mode:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1207 * Turning off beeping:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1208 * Turning the volume down:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1209 * Automatic indentation:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1210 * Matching parentheses:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1211 * Hiding #ifdef lines:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1212 * Repeating commands:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1213 * Valid X resources:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1214 * Evaluating Emacs Lisp code:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1215 * Changing the length of a Tab:: |
68735
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
1216 * Inserting text at the beginning of each line:: |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1217 * Underlining paragraphs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1218 * Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1219 * Forcing Emacs to iconify itself:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1220 * Using regular expressions:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1221 * Replacing text across multiple files:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1222 * Documentation for etags:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1223 * Disabling backups:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1224 * Disabling auto-save-mode:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1225 * Going to a line by number:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1226 * Modifying pull-down menus:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1227 * Deleting menus and menu options:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1228 * Turning on syntax highlighting:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1229 * Scrolling only one line:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1230 * Editing MS-DOS files:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1231 * Filling paragraphs with a single space:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1232 * Escape sequences in shell output:: |
25474 | 1233 @end menu |
1234 | |
67892
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1235 @node Setting up a customization file, Using Customize, Common requests, Common requests |
25474 | 1236 @section How do I set up a @file{.emacs} file properly? |
1237 @cindex @file{.emacs} file, setting up | |
50791
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
1238 @cindex @file{.emacs} file, locating |
25474 | 1239 @cindex Init file, setting up |
1240 @cindex Customization file, setting up | |
1241 | |
50475
b65aa1d740eb
Fix cross references.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
49429
diff
changeset
|
1242 @inforef{Init File, Init File, emacs}. |
25474 | 1243 |
1244 In general, new Emacs users should not have @file{.emacs} files, because | |
1245 it causes confusing non-standard behavior. Then they send questions to | |
1246 @email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} asking why Emacs isn't behaving as | |
1247 documented. | |
1248 | |
67892
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1249 Beginning with version 20.1, Emacs includes the new Customize facility |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1250 (@pxref{Using Customize}). This allows users who are unfamiliar with |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1251 Emacs Lisp to modify their @file{.emacs} files in a relatively |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1252 straightforward way, using menus rather than Lisp code. Most packages |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1253 support Customize as of this writing. |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1254 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1255 While Customize might indeed make it easier to configure Emacs, |
25474 | 1256 consider taking a bit of time to learn Emacs Lisp and modifying your |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1257 @file{.emacs} directly. Simple configuration options are described |
25474 | 1258 rather completely in @inforef{Init File, Init File, emacs}, for users |
1259 interested in performing frequently requested, basic tasks. | |
1260 | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1261 Sometimes users are unsure as to where their @file{.emacs} file should |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1262 be found. Visiting the file as @file{~/.emacs} from Emacs will find |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1263 the correct file. |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1264 |
67892
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1265 @node Using Customize, Colors on a TTY, Setting up a customization file, Common requests |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1266 @section How do I start using Customize? |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1267 @cindex Customize groups |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1268 @cindex Customizing variables |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1269 @cindex Customizing faces |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1270 |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1271 The main Customize entry point is @kbd{M-x customize @key{RET}}. This |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1272 command takes you to a buffer listing all the available Customize |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1273 groups. From there, you can access all customizable options and faces, |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1274 change their values, and save your changes to your init file. |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1275 @inforef{Easy Customization, Easy Customization, emacs}. |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1276 |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1277 If you know the name of the group in advance (e.g. ``shell''), use |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1278 @kbd{M-x customize-group @key{RET}}. |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1279 |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1280 If you wish to customize a single option, use @kbd{M-x customize-option |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1281 @key{RET}}. This command prompts you for the name of the option to |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1282 customize, with completion. |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1283 |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1284 @node Colors on a TTY, Debugging a customization file, Using Customize, Common requests |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1285 @section How do I get colors and syntax highlighting on a TTY? |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1286 @cindex Colors on a TTY |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1287 @cindex Syntax highlighting on a TTY |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1288 @cindex Console, colors |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1289 |
43960
397a4490dc38
Fix some URLs, the Copyright years, and the Emacs version.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
42674
diff
changeset
|
1290 In Emacs 21.1 and later, colors and faces are supported in non-windowed mode, |
36842
654b53bab583
Change "character terminal" to "text-only terminal".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36515
diff
changeset
|
1291 i.e.@: on Unix and GNU/Linux text-only terminals and consoles, and when |
68842
7b3e08c6ecc2
(Colors on a TTY): Mention Mac OS port.
YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
parents:
68836
diff
changeset
|
1292 invoked as @samp{emacs -nw} on X, MS-Windows, and Mac. (Colors and faces were |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1293 supported in the MS-DOS port since Emacs 19.29.) Emacs automatically |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1294 detects color support at startup and uses it if available. If you think |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1295 that your terminal supports colors, but Emacs won't use them, check the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1296 @code{termcap} entry for your display type for color-related |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1297 capabilities. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1298 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1299 The command @kbd{M-x list-colors-display} pops up a window which |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1300 exhibits all the colors Emacs knows about on the current display. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1301 |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1302 Syntax highlighting is on by default since version 22.1. |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1303 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1304 @node Debugging a customization file, Displaying the current line or column, Colors on a TTY, Common requests |
25474 | 1305 @section How do I debug a @file{.emacs} file? |
1306 @cindex Debugging @file{.emacs} file | |
1307 @cindex @file{.emacs} debugging | |
1308 @cindex Init file debugging | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1309 @cindex @samp{-debug-init} option |
25474 | 1310 |
1311 Start Emacs with the @samp{-debug-init} command-line option. This | |
1312 enables the Emacs Lisp debugger before evaluating your @file{.emacs} | |
1313 file, and places you in the debugger if something goes wrong. The top | |
1314 line in the @file{trace-back} buffer will be the error message, and the | |
1315 second or third line of that buffer will display the Lisp code from your | |
1316 @file{.emacs} file that caused the problem. | |
1317 | |
1318 You can also evaluate an individual function or argument to a function | |
1319 in your @file{.emacs} file by moving the cursor to the end of the | |
1320 function or argument and typing @kbd{C-x C-e} (@kbd{M-x | |
1321 eval-last-sexp}). | |
1322 | |
1323 Use @kbd{C-h v} (@kbd{M-x describe-variable}) to check the value of | |
1324 variables which you are trying to set or use. | |
1325 | |
36383
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
1326 @node Displaying the current line or column, Displaying the current file name in the titlebar, Debugging a customization file, Common requests |
25474 | 1327 @section How do I make Emacs display the current line (or column) number? |
1328 @cindex @code{line-number-mode} | |
1329 @cindex Displaying the current line or column | |
1330 @cindex Line number, displaying the current | |
1331 @cindex Column, displaying the current | |
1332 @cindex @code{mode-line-format} | |
1333 | |
1334 To have Emacs automatically display the current line number of the point | |
1335 in the mode line, do @kbd{M-x line-number-mode}. You can also put the | |
1336 form | |
1337 | |
1338 @lisp | |
1339 (setq line-number-mode t) | |
1340 @end lisp | |
1341 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1342 @noindent |
25474 | 1343 in your @file{.emacs} file to achieve this whenever you start Emacs. |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1344 (Line number display is on by default, unless your site-specific |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1345 initialization disables it.) Note that Emacs will not display the line |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1346 number if the buffer's size in bytes is larger than the value of the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1347 variable @code{line-number-display-limit}. |
25474 | 1348 |
1349 As of Emacs 20, you can similarly display the current column with | |
1350 @kbd{M-x column-number-mode}, or by putting the form | |
1351 | |
1352 @lisp | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1353 (setq column-number-mode t) |
25474 | 1354 @end lisp |
1355 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1356 @noindent |
25474 | 1357 in your @file{.emacs} file. |
1358 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1359 The @code{"%c"} format specifier in the variable @code{mode-line-format} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1360 will insert the current column's value into the mode line. See the |
25474 | 1361 documentation for @code{mode-line-format} (using @kbd{C-h v |
1362 mode-line-format @key{RET}}) for more information on how to set and use | |
1363 this variable. | |
1364 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1365 Users of all Emacs versions can display the current column using the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1366 @samp{column} package written by @email{abraham@@dina.kvl.dk, Per |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1367 Abrahamsen}. @xref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}, for |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1368 instructions on how to get it. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1369 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1370 @cindex Set number capability in @code{vi} emulators |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1371 None of the @code{vi} emulation modes provide the ``set number'' |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1372 capability of @code{vi} (as far as we know). The @samp{setnu} package |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1373 written by @email{kyle@@wonderworks.com, Kyle Jones} provides this |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1374 feature. So too does @samp{wb-line-number}, written by |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1375 @email{naoki.y.nakamura@@nifty.com, Naoki Nakamura}. |
25474 | 1376 |
36383
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
1377 @node Displaying the current file name in the titlebar, Turning on abbrevs by default, Displaying the current line or column, Common requests |
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
1378 @section How can I modify the titlebar to contain the current file name? |
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
1379 @cindex Titlebar, displaying the current file name in |
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
1380 @cindex File name, displaying in the titlebar |
25474 | 1381 @cindex @code{frame-title-format} |
1382 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1383 The contents of an Emacs frame's titlebar is controlled by the variable |
25474 | 1384 @code{frame-title-format}, which has the same structure as the variable |
1385 @code{mode-line-format}. (Use @kbd{C-h v} or @kbd{M-x | |
1386 describe-variable} to get information about one or both of these | |
1387 variables.) | |
1388 | |
1389 By default, the titlebar for a frame does contain the name of the buffer | |
1390 currently being visited, except if there is a single frame. In such a | |
37530
d4b1acaf82b0
Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37447
diff
changeset
|
1391 case, the titlebar contains Emacs invocation name and the name of the |
d4b1acaf82b0
Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37447
diff
changeset
|
1392 machine at which Emacs was invoked. This is done by setting |
25474 | 1393 @code{frame-title-format} to the default value of |
1394 | |
1395 @lisp | |
1396 (multiple-frames "%b" ("" invocation-name "@@" system-name)) | |
1397 @end lisp | |
1398 | |
1399 To modify the behavior such that frame titlebars contain the buffer's | |
1400 name regardless of the number of existing frames, include the following | |
1401 in your @file{.emacs}: | |
1402 | |
1403 @lisp | |
1404 (setq frame-title-format "%b") | |
1405 @end lisp | |
1406 | |
69133
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
1407 @node Turning on abbrevs by default, Associating modes with files, Displaying the current file name in the titlebar, Common requests |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1408 @section How do I turn on abbrevs by default just in mode @var{mymode}? |
25474 | 1409 @cindex Abbrevs, turning on by default |
1410 | |
1411 Put this in your @file{.emacs} file: | |
1412 | |
1413 @lisp | |
1414 (condition-case () | |
1415 (quietly-read-abbrev-file) | |
1416 (file-error nil)) | |
1417 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1418 (add-hook '@var{mymode}-mode-hook |
28344
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
1419 (lambda () |
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
1420 (setq abbrev-mode t))) |
25474 | 1421 @end lisp |
1422 | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1423 Starting with Emacs 22, the standard abbrevs file is read automatically |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1424 at startup, so the first of these two forms becomes unnecessary. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1425 |
69133
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
1426 @node Associating modes with files, Highlighting a region, Turning on abbrevs by default, Common requests |
25474 | 1427 @section How do I make Emacs use a certain major mode for certain files? |
1428 @cindex Associating modes with files | |
1429 @cindex File extensions and modes | |
1430 @cindex @code{auto-mode-alist}, modifying | |
1431 @cindex Modes, associating with file extensions | |
1432 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1433 If you want to use a certain mode @var{foo} for all files whose names end |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1434 with the extension @file{.@var{bar}}, this will do it for you: |
25474 | 1435 |
1436 @lisp | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1437 (setq auto-mode-alist (cons '("\\.@var{bar}\\'" . @var{foo}-mode) auto-mode-alist)) |
25474 | 1438 @end lisp |
1439 | |
1440 Otherwise put this somewhere in the first line of any file you want to | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1441 edit in the mode @var{foo} (in the second line, if the first line begins |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1442 with @samp{#!}): |
25474 | 1443 |
1444 @example | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1445 -*- @var{foo} -*- |
25474 | 1446 @end example |
1447 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1448 @cindex Major mode for shell scripts |
25474 | 1449 Beginning with Emacs 19, the variable @code{interpreter-mode-alist} |
1450 specifies which mode to use when loading a shell script. (Emacs | |
1451 determines which interpreter you're using by examining the first line of | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1452 the script.) This feature only applies when the file name doesn't |
25474 | 1453 indicate which mode to use. Use @kbd{C-h v} (or @kbd{M-x |
1454 describe-variable}) on @code{interpreter-mode-alist} to learn more. | |
1455 | |
69133
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
1456 @node Highlighting a region, Replacing highlighted text, Associating modes with files, Common requests |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
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|
1457 @section How can I highlight a region of text in Emacs? |
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1458 @cindex Highlighting text |
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1459 @cindex Text, highlighting |
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1460 @cindex @code{transient-mark-mode} |
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|
1461 @cindex Region, highlighting a |
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|
1462 |
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|
1463 You can cause the region to be highlighted when the mark is active by |
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|
1464 including |
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|
1465 |
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|
1466 @lisp |
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1467 (transient-mark-mode t) |
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1468 @end lisp |
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|
1469 |
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|
1470 @noindent |
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|
1471 in your @file{.emacs} file. |
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|
1472 |
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|
1473 @node Replacing highlighted text, Controlling case sensitivity, Highlighting a region, Common requests |
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|
1474 @section How can I replace highlighted text with what I type? |
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1475 @cindex @code{delete-selection-mode} |
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|
1476 @cindex Replacing highlighted text |
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|
1477 @cindex Highlighting and replacing text |
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|
1478 |
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|
1479 Use @code{delete-selection-mode}, which you can start automatically by |
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|
1480 placing the following Lisp form in your @file{.emacs} file: |
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|
1481 |
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|
1482 @lisp |
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|
1483 (delete-selection-mode 1) |
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|
1484 @end lisp |
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|
1485 |
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|
1486 According to the documentation string for @code{delete-selection-mode} |
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|
1487 (which you can read using @kbd{M-x describe-function @key{RET} |
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|
1488 delete-selection-mode @key{RET}}): |
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|
1489 |
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|
1490 @quotation |
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|
1491 When ON, typed text replaces the selection if the selection is active. |
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1492 When OFF, typed text is just inserted at point. |
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|
1493 @end quotation |
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|
1494 |
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|
1495 This mode also allows you to delete (not kill) the highlighted region by |
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|
1496 pressing @key{DEL}. |
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|
1497 |
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|
1498 @node Controlling case sensitivity, Working with unprintable characters, Replacing highlighted text, Common requests |
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|
1499 @section How do I control Emacs's case-sensitivity when searching/replacing? |
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|
1500 @cindex @code{case-fold-search} |
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|
1501 @cindex Case sensitivity of searches |
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|
1502 @cindex Searching without case sensitivity |
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|
1503 @cindex Ignoring case in searches |
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|
1504 |
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|
1505 For searching, the value of the variable @code{case-fold-search} |
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|
1506 determines whether they are case sensitive: |
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|
1507 |
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|
1508 @lisp |
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1509 (setq case-fold-search nil) ; make searches case sensitive |
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|
1510 (setq case-fold-search t) ; make searches case insensitive |
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1511 @end lisp |
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|
1512 |
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|
1513 @cindex Case sensitivity in replacements |
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1514 @cindex Replacing, and case sensitivity |
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|
1515 @cindex @code{case-replace} |
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1516 Similarly, for replacing, the variable @code{case-replace} determines |
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|
1517 whether replacements preserve case. |
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|
1518 |
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|
1519 You can also toggle case sensitivity at will in isearch with @kbd{M-c}. |
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|
1520 |
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|
1521 To change the case sensitivity just for one major mode, use the major |
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|
1522 mode's hook. For example: |
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|
1523 |
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|
1524 @lisp |
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|
1525 (add-hook '@var{foo}-mode-hook |
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|
1526 (lambda () |
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|
1527 (setq case-fold-search nil))) |
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|
1528 @end lisp |
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|
1529 |
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|
1530 @node Working with unprintable characters, Searching for/replacing newlines, Controlling case sensitivity, Common requests |
25474 | 1531 @section How do I search for, delete, or replace unprintable (eight-bit or control) characters? |
1532 @cindex Unprintable characters, working with | |
1533 @cindex Working with unprintable characters | |
1534 @cindex Control characters, working with | |
1535 @cindex Eight-bit characters, working with | |
1536 @cindex Searching for unprintable characters | |
1537 @cindex Regexps and unprintable characters | |
1538 | |
1539 To search for a single character that appears in the buffer as, for | |
1540 example, @samp{\237}, you can type @kbd{C-s C-q 2 3 7}. (This assumes | |
1541 the value of @code{search-quote-char} is 17 (i.e., @kbd{C-q}).) | |
34741
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1542 Searching for @strong{all} unprintable characters is best done with a |
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|
1543 regular expression (@dfn{regexp}) search. The easiest regexp to use for |
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|
1544 the unprintable chars is the complement of the regexp for the printable |
25474 | 1545 chars. |
1546 | |
1547 @itemize @bullet | |
1548 | |
1549 @item | |
1550 Regexp for the printable chars: @samp{[\t\n\r\f -~]} | |
1551 | |
1552 @item | |
1553 Regexp for the unprintable chars: @samp{[^\t\n\r\f -~]} | |
1554 | |
1555 @end itemize | |
1556 | |
1557 To type these special characters in an interactive argument to | |
1558 @code{isearch-forward-regexp} or @code{re-search-forward}, you need to | |
1559 use @kbd{C-q}. (@samp{\t}, @samp{\n}, @samp{\r}, and @samp{\f} stand | |
1560 respectively for @key{TAB}, @key{LFD}, @key{RET}, and @kbd{C-l}.) So, | |
1561 to search for unprintable characters using @code{re-search-forward}: | |
1562 | |
1563 @kbd{M-x re-search-forward @key{RET} [^ @key{TAB} C-q @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~] @key{RET}} | |
1564 | |
1565 Using @code{isearch-forward-regexp}: | |
1566 | |
40705 | 1567 @kbd{C-M-s [^ @key{TAB} @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~]} |
25474 | 1568 |
1569 To delete all unprintable characters, simply use replace-regexp: | |
1570 | |
1571 @kbd{M-x replace-regexp @key{RET} [^ @key{TAB} C-q @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~] @key{RET} @key{RET}} | |
1572 | |
1573 Replacing is similar to the above. To replace all unprintable | |
1574 characters with a colon, use: | |
1575 | |
1576 M-x replace-regexp @key{RET} [^ @key{TAB} C-q @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~] @key{RET} : @key{RET} | |
1577 | |
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1578 @node Searching for/replacing newlines, Yanking text in isearch, Working with unprintable characters, Common requests |
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1579 @section How do I input a newline character in isearch or query-replace? |
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1580 @cindex Searching for newlines |
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1581 @cindex Replacing newlines |
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|
1582 |
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|
1583 Use @kbd{C-q C-j}. For more information, see @inforef{Special Isearch, |
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1584 Special Input for Incremental Search, emacs}. |
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|
1585 |
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|
1586 |
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|
1587 @node Yanking text in isearch, Wrapping words automatically, Searching for/replacing newlines, Common requests |
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1588 @section How do I copy text from the kill ring into the search string? |
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1589 @cindex Yanking text into the search string |
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1590 @cindex isearch yanking |
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|
1591 |
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|
1592 Use @kbd{M-y}. @inforef{Isearch Yank, Isearch Yanking, emacs}. |
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1593 |
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1594 @node Wrapping words automatically, Turning on auto-fill by default, Yanking text in isearch, Common requests |
25474 | 1595 @section How do I make Emacs wrap words for me? |
1596 @cindex Wrapping word automatically | |
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1597 @cindex Wrapping lines |
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|
1598 @cindex Line wrap |
25474 | 1599 @cindex @code{auto-fill-mode}, introduction to |
1600 @cindex Maximum line width, default value | |
1601 @cindex @code{fill-column}, default value | |
1602 | |
1603 Use @code{auto-fill-mode}, activated by typing @kbd{M-x auto-fill-mode}. | |
1604 The default maximum line width is 70, determined by the variable | |
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1605 @code{fill-column}. To learn how to turn this on automatically, see |
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1606 @ref{Turning on auto-fill by default}. |
25474 | 1607 |
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1608 @node Turning on auto-fill by default, Spell-checkers, Wrapping words automatically, Common requests |
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diff
changeset
|
1609 @section How do I turn on @code{auto-fill-mode} by default? |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
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parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
1610 @cindex @code{auto-fill-mode}, activating automatically |
1c9e76acce59
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Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
1611 @cindex Filling automatically |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
1612 @cindex Automatic entry to @code{auto-fill-mode} |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1613 |
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(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
1614 To turn on @code{auto-fill-mode} just once for one buffer, use @kbd{M-x |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
1615 auto-fill-mode}. |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1616 |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1617 To turn it on for every buffer in a certain mode, you must use the hook |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
1618 for that mode. For example, to turn on @code{auto-fill} mode for all |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
1619 text buffers, including the following in your @file{.emacs} file: |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
1620 |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1621 @lisp |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1622 (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-auto-fill) |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
1623 @end lisp |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1624 |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1625 If you want @code{auto-fill} mode on in all major modes, do this: |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
1626 |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1627 @lisp |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
1628 (setq-default auto-fill-function 'do-auto-fill) |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
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|
1629 @end lisp |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
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diff
changeset
|
1630 |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
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changeset
|
1631 @node Spell-checkers, Checking TeX and *roff documents, Turning on auto-fill by default, Common requests |
25474 | 1632 @section Where can I get a better spelling checker for Emacs? |
1633 @cindex Checking spelling | |
1634 @cindex Spelling, checking text documents | |
1635 | |
1636 Use Ispell. @xref{Ispell}. | |
1637 | |
1638 @node Checking TeX and *roff documents, Changing load-path, Spell-checkers, Common requests | |
1639 @section How can I spell-check @TeX{} or *roff documents? | |
1640 @cindex Spelling, checking @TeX{} documents | |
1641 @cindex @TeX{} documents, checking spelling in | |
1642 | |
1643 Use Ispell. Ispell can handle @TeX{} and *roff documents. | |
1644 @xref{Ispell}. | |
1645 | |
1646 @node Changing load-path, Using an already running Emacs process, Checking TeX and *roff documents, Common requests | |
1647 @section How do I change @code{load-path}? | |
1648 @cindex @code{load-path}, modifying | |
1649 @cindex Modifying @code{load-path} | |
1650 @cindex Adding to @code{load-path} | |
1651 | |
1652 In general, you should only add to the @code{load-path}. You can add | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1653 directory @var{/dir/subdir} to the load path like this: |
25474 | 1654 |
1655 @lisp | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1656 (setq load-path (cons "/dir/subdir/" load-path)) |
25474 | 1657 @end lisp |
1658 | |
1659 To do this relative to your home directory: | |
1660 | |
1661 @lisp | |
59402
7497bd0e03ee
(Changing load-path): Fix typo.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56833
diff
changeset
|
1662 (setq load-path (cons "~/mysubdir/" load-path)) |
25474 | 1663 @end lisp |
1664 | |
1665 @node Using an already running Emacs process, Compiler error messages, Changing load-path, Common requests | |
1666 @section How do I use an already running Emacs from another window? | |
1667 @cindex @code{emacsclient} | |
1668 @cindex Emacs server functions | |
1669 @cindex Using an existing Emacs process | |
1670 | |
1671 @code{emacsclient}, which comes with Emacs, is for editing a file using | |
1672 an already running Emacs rather than starting up a new Emacs. It does | |
1673 this by sending a request to the already running Emacs, which must be | |
1674 expecting the request. | |
1675 | |
1676 @itemize @bullet | |
1677 | |
1678 @item | |
34741
13240ff7920b
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1679 Setup: |
25474 | 1680 |
1681 Emacs must have executed the @code{server-start} function for | |
1682 @samp{emacsclient} to work. This can be done either by a command line | |
1683 option: | |
1684 | |
1685 @example | |
1686 emacs -f server-start | |
1687 @end example | |
1688 | |
1689 or by invoking @code{server-start} from @file{.emacs}: | |
1690 | |
1691 @lisp | |
34741
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1692 (if (@var{some conditions are met}) (server-start)) |
25474 | 1693 @end lisp |
1694 | |
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Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1695 When this is done, Emacs creates a Unix domain socket named |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1696 @file{server} in @file{/tmp/emacs@var{userid}}. See |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1697 @code{server-socket-dir}. |
25474 | 1698 |
1699 To get your news reader, mail reader, etc., to invoke | |
1700 @samp{emacsclient}, try setting the environment variable @code{EDITOR} | |
1701 (or sometimes @code{VISUAL}) to the value @samp{emacsclient}. You may | |
1702 have to specify the full pathname of the @samp{emacsclient} program | |
1703 instead. Examples: | |
1704 | |
1705 @example | |
1706 # csh commands: | |
1707 setenv EDITOR emacsclient | |
1708 | |
1709 # using full pathname | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1710 setenv EDITOR /usr/local/emacs/etc/emacsclient |
25474 | 1711 |
1712 # sh command: | |
1713 EDITOR=emacsclient ; export EDITOR | |
1714 @end example | |
1715 | |
34741
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1716 @item |
13240ff7920b
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
1717 Normal use: |
25474 | 1718 |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1719 When @samp{emacsclient} is run, it connects to the socket and passes its |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1720 command line options to Emacs, which at the next opportunity will visit |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1721 the files specified. (Line numbers can be specified just like with |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1722 Emacs.) The user will have to switch to the Emacs window by hand. When |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1723 the user is done editing a file, the user can type @kbd{C-x #} (or |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1724 @kbd{M-x server-edit}) to indicate this. If there is another buffer |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1725 requested by @code{emacsclient}, Emacs will switch to it; otherwise |
34741
13240ff7920b
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1726 @code{emacsclient} will exit, signaling the calling program to continue. |
25474 | 1727 |
34741
13240ff7920b
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1728 @cindex @code{gnuserv} |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1729 There is an enhanced version of @samp{emacsclient} called |
34741
13240ff7920b
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1730 @samp{gnuserv}, written by @email{ange@@hplb.hpl.hp.com, Andy Norman} |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1731 (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). @samp{gnuserv} uses |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1732 Internet domain sockets, so it can work across most network connections. |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1733 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1734 The most recent @samp{gnuserv} package is available at |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1735 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
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diff
changeset
|
1736 @uref{http://meltin.net/hacks/emacs/} |
50780
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Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1737 |
25474 | 1738 @end itemize |
1739 | |
1740 @node Compiler error messages, Indenting switch statements, Using an already running Emacs process, Common requests | |
1741 @section How do I make Emacs recognize my compiler's funny error messages? | |
1742 @cindex Compiler error messages, recognizing | |
1743 @cindex Recognizing non-standard compiler errors | |
1744 @cindex Regexps for recognizing compiler errors | |
1745 @cindex Errors, recognizing compiler | |
1746 | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1747 Customize the @code{compilation-error-regexp-alist} variable. |
25474 | 1748 |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1749 @node Indenting switch statements, Customizing C and C++ indentation, Compiler error messages, Common requests |
25474 | 1750 @section How do I change the indentation for @code{switch}? |
1751 @cindex @code{switch}, indenting | |
1752 @cindex Indenting of @code{switch} | |
1753 | |
1754 Many people want to indent their @code{switch} statements like this: | |
1755 | |
1756 @example | |
1757 f() | |
1758 @{ | |
1759 switch(x) @{ | |
1760 case A: | |
1761 x1; | |
1762 break; | |
1763 case B: | |
1764 x2; | |
1765 break; | |
1766 default: | |
1767 x3; | |
1768 @} | |
1769 @} | |
1770 @end example | |
1771 | |
1772 The solution at first appears to be: set @code{c-indent-level} to 4 and | |
1773 @code{c-label-offset} to -2. However, this will give you an indentation | |
1774 spacing of four instead of two. | |
1775 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1776 The @emph{real} solution is to use @code{cc-mode} (the default mode for |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1777 C programming in Emacs 20 and later) and add the following line to your |
34741
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|
1778 @file{.emacs}: |
25474 | 1779 |
1780 @lisp | |
1781 (c-set-offset 'case-label '+) | |
1782 @end lisp | |
1783 | |
1784 There appears to be no way to do this with the old @code{c-mode}. | |
1785 | |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1786 @node Customizing C and C++ indentation, Horizontal scrolling, Indenting switch statements, Common requests |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1787 @section How to customize indentation in C, C@t{++}, and Java buffers? |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1788 @cindex Indentation, how to customize |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1789 @cindex Customize indentation |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1790 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1791 The Emacs @code{cc-mode} features an interactive procedure for |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1792 customizing the indentation style, which is fully explained in the |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1793 @cite{CC Mode} manual that is part of the Emacs distribution, see |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1794 @ref{Customizing Indentation, , Customization Indentation, ccmode, |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1795 The CC Mode Manual}. Here's a short summary of the procedure: |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1796 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1797 @enumerate |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1798 @item |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1799 Go to the beginning of the first line where you don't like the |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1800 indentation and type @kbd{C-c C-o}. Emacs will prompt you for the |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1801 syntactic symbol; type @key{RET} to accept the default it suggests. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1802 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1803 @item |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1804 Emacs now prompts for the offset of this syntactic symbol, showing the |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1805 default (the current definition) inside parentheses. You can choose |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1806 one of these: |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1807 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1808 @table @code |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1809 @item 0 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1810 No extra indentation. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1811 @item + |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1812 Indent one basic offset. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1813 @item - |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1814 Outdent one basic offset. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
1815 @item ++ |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1816 Indent two basic offsets |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1817 @item -- |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1818 Outdent two basic offsets. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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1819 @item * |
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(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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|
1820 Indent half basic offset. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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parents:
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|
1821 @item / |
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|
1822 Outdent half basic offset. |
36977
cd1988377f17
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parents:
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|
1823 @end table |
cd1988377f17
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|
1824 |
cd1988377f17
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1825 @item |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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parents:
36842
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|
1826 After choosing one of these symbols, type @kbd{C-c C-q} to reindent |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1827 the line or the block according to what you just specified. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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parents:
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|
1828 |
cd1988377f17
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1829 @item |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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|
1830 If you don't like the result, go back to step 1. Otherwise, add the |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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parents:
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|
1831 following line to your @file{.emacs}: |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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|
1832 |
cd1988377f17
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|
1833 @lisp |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1834 (c-set-offset '@var{syntactic-symbol} @var{offset}) |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1835 @end lisp |
cd1988377f17
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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|
1836 |
cd1988377f17
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1837 @noindent |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
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|
1838 where @var{syntactic-symbol} is the name Emacs shows in the minibuffer |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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parents:
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|
1839 when you type @kbd{C-c C-o} at the beginning of the line, and |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1840 @var{offset} is one of the indentation symbols listed above (@code{+}, |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1841 @code{/}, @code{0}, etc.) that you've chosen during the interactive |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1842 procedure. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1843 |
cd1988377f17
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parents:
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|
1844 @item |
cd1988377f17
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|
1845 Go to the next line whose indentation is not to your liking and repeat |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1846 the process there. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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parents:
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|
1847 @end enumerate |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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|
1848 |
cd1988377f17
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parents:
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|
1849 It is recommended to put all the resulting @code{(c-set-offset ...)} |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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parents:
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|
1850 customizations inside a C mode hook, like this: |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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|
1851 |
cd1988377f17
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|
1852 @lisp |
cd1988377f17
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|
1853 (defun my-c-mode-hook () |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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|
1854 (c-set-offset ...) |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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parents:
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|
1855 (c-set-offset ...)) |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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parents:
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|
1856 (add-hook 'c-mode-hook 'my-c-mode-hook) |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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|
1857 @end lisp |
cd1988377f17
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|
1858 |
cd1988377f17
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|
1859 @noindent |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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|
1860 Using @code{c-mode-hook} avoids the need to put a @w{@code{(require |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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|
1861 'cc-mode)}} into your @file{.emacs} file, because @code{c-set-offset} |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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|
1862 might be unavailable when @code{cc-mode} is not loaded. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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|
1863 |
cd1988377f17
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|
1864 Note that @code{c-mode-hook} runs for C source files only; use |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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|
1865 @code{c++-mode-hook} for C@t{++} sources, @code{java-mode-hook} for |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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parents:
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|
1866 Java sources, etc. If you want the same customizations to be in |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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|
1867 effect in @emph{all} languages supported by @code{cc-mode}, use |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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parents:
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|
1868 @code{c-mode-common-hook}. |
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(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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|
1869 |
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|
1870 @node Horizontal scrolling, Overwrite mode, Customizing C and C++ indentation, Common requests |
25474 | 1871 @section How can I make Emacs automatically scroll horizontally? |
1872 @cindex @code{hscroll-mode} | |
1873 @cindex Horizontal scrolling | |
1874 @cindex Scrolling horizontally | |
1875 | |
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1876 In Emacs 21 and later, this is on by default: if the variable |
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1877 @code{truncate-lines} is non-@code{nil} in the current buffer, Emacs |
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1878 automatically scrolls the display horizontally when point moves off the |
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1879 left or right edge of the window. |
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1880 |
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|
1881 Note that this is overridden by the variable |
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|
1882 @code{truncate-partial-width-windows} if that variable is non-nil |
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1883 and the current buffer is not full-frame width. |
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|
1884 |
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1885 In Emacs 20, use the @code{hscroll-mode}. Here is some information from |
25474 | 1886 the documentation, available by typing @kbd{C-h f hscroll-mode @key{RET}}: |
1887 | |
1888 Automatically scroll horizontally when the point moves off the | |
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1889 left or right edge of the window. |
25474 | 1890 |
1891 @itemize @minus | |
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1892 @item |
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1893 Type @kbd{M-x hscroll-mode} to enable it in the current buffer. |
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1894 |
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|
1895 @item |
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1896 Type @kbd{M-x hscroll-global-mode} to enable it in every buffer. |
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1897 |
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|
1898 @item |
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1899 @code{turn-on-hscroll} is useful in mode hooks as in: |
25474 | 1900 |
1901 @lisp | |
1902 (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-hscroll) | |
1903 @end lisp | |
1904 | |
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|
1905 @item |
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1906 @code{hscroll-margin} controls how close the cursor can get to the |
49429
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1907 edge of the window. |
25474 | 1908 |
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1909 @item |
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1910 @code{hscroll-step-percent} controls how far to jump once we decide to do so. |
25474 | 1911 @end itemize |
1912 | |
1913 @node Overwrite mode, Turning off beeping, Horizontal scrolling, Common requests | |
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1914 @section How do I make Emacs ``typeover'' or ``overwrite'' instead of inserting? |
25474 | 1915 @cindex @key{Insert} |
1916 @cindex @code{overwrite-mode} | |
1917 @cindex Overwriting existing text | |
1918 @cindex Toggling @code{overwrite-mode} | |
1919 | |
1920 @kbd{M-x overwrite-mode} (a minor mode). This toggles | |
1921 @code{overwrite-mode} on and off, so exiting from @code{overwrite-mode} | |
1922 is as easy as another @kbd{M-x overwrite-mode}. | |
1923 | |
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1924 On some systems, @key{Insert} toggles @code{overwrite-mode} on and off. |
25474 | 1925 |
1926 @node Turning off beeping, Turning the volume down, Overwrite mode, Common requests | |
1927 @section How do I stop Emacs from beeping on a terminal? | |
1928 @cindex Beeping, turning off | |
1929 @cindex Visible bell | |
1930 @cindex Bell, visible | |
1931 | |
1932 @email{martin@@cc.gatech.edu, Martin R. Frank} writes: | |
1933 | |
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1934 Tell Emacs to use the @dfn{visible bell} instead of the audible bell, |
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1935 and set the visible bell to nothing. |
25474 | 1936 |
1937 That is, put the following in your @code{TERMCAP} environment variable | |
1938 (assuming you have one): | |
1939 | |
1940 @example | |
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1941 ... :vb=: ... |
25474 | 1942 @end example |
1943 | |
1944 And evaluate the following Lisp form: | |
1945 | |
1946 @example | |
1947 (setq visible-bell t) | |
1948 @end example | |
1949 | |
1950 @node Turning the volume down, Automatic indentation, Turning off beeping, Common requests | |
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1951 @section How do I turn down the bell volume in Emacs running under X? |
25474 | 1952 @cindex Bell, volume of |
1953 @cindex Volume of bell | |
1954 | |
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1955 On X Window system, you can adjust the bell volume and duration for all |
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1956 programs with the shell command @code{xset}. |
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1957 |
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1958 Invoking @code{xset} without any arguments produces some basic |
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1959 information, including the following: |
25474 | 1960 |
1961 @example | |
1962 usage: xset [-display host:dpy] option ... | |
1963 To turn bell off: | |
1964 -b b off b 0 | |
1965 To set bell volume, pitch and duration: | |
1966 b [vol [pitch [dur]]] b on | |
1967 @end example | |
1968 | |
1969 @node Automatic indentation, Matching parentheses, Turning the volume down, Common requests | |
1970 @section How do I tell Emacs to automatically indent a new line to the indentation of the previous line? | |
1971 @cindex Indenting new lines | |
1972 @cindex New lines, indenting of | |
1973 @cindex Previous line, indenting according to | |
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1974 @cindex Text indentation |
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1975 |
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1976 Such behavior is automatic in Emacs 20 and later. From the |
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1977 @file{etc/NEWS} file for Emacs 20.2: |
25474 | 1978 |
1979 @example | |
1980 ** In Text mode, now only blank lines separate paragraphs. This makes | |
1981 it possible to get the full benefit of Adaptive Fill mode in Text mode, | |
1982 and other modes derived from it (such as Mail mode). @key{TAB} in Text | |
1983 mode now runs the command @code{indent-relative}; this makes a practical | |
1984 difference only when you use indented paragraphs. | |
1985 | |
1986 As a result, the old Indented Text mode is now identical to Text mode, | |
1987 and is an alias for it. | |
1988 | |
1989 If you want spaces at the beginning of a line to start a paragraph, use | |
1990 the new mode, Paragraph Indent Text mode. | |
1991 @end example | |
1992 | |
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1993 @cindex Prefixing lines |
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1994 @cindex Fill prefix |
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|
1995 If you have @code{auto-fill-mode} turned on (@pxref{Turning on auto-fill |
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|
1996 by default}), you can tell Emacs to prefix every line with a certain |
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1997 character sequence, the @dfn{fill prefix}. Type the prefix at the |
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1998 beginning of a line, position point after it, and then type @kbd{C-x .} |
25474 | 1999 (@code{set-fill-prefix}) to set the fill prefix. Thereafter, |
2000 auto-filling will automatically put the fill prefix at the beginning of | |
2001 new lines, and @kbd{M-q} (@code{fill-paragraph}) will maintain any fill | |
2002 prefix when refilling the paragraph. | |
2003 | |
2004 If you have paragraphs with different levels of indentation, you will | |
2005 have to set the fill prefix to the correct value each time you move to a | |
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parents:
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changeset
|
2006 new paragraph. There are many packages available to deal with this |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2007 (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). Look for ``fill'' and |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2008 ``indent'' keywords for guidance. |
25474 | 2009 |
2010 @node Matching parentheses, Hiding #ifdef lines, Automatic indentation, Common requests | |
2011 @section How do I show which parenthesis matches the one I'm looking at? | |
2012 @cindex Parentheses, matching | |
2013 @cindex @file{paren.el} | |
2014 @cindex Highlighting matching parentheses | |
2015 @cindex Pairs of parentheses, highlighting | |
2016 @cindex Matching parentheses | |
2017 | |
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b6000aca7291
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Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
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diff
changeset
|
2018 Call @code{show-paren-mode} in your @file{.emacs} file: |
25474 | 2019 |
2020 @lisp | |
2021 (show-paren-mode 1) | |
2022 @end lisp | |
2023 | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2024 You can also enable this mode by selecting the @samp{Paren Match |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2025 Highlighting} option from the @samp{Options} menu of the Emacs menu bar |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2026 at the top of any Emacs frame. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2027 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2028 Alternatives to this mode include: |
25474 | 2029 |
2030 @itemize @bullet | |
2031 | |
2032 @item | |
2033 If you're looking at a right parenthesis (or brace or bracket) you can | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2034 delete it and reinsert it. Emacs will momentarily move the cursor to |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2035 the matching parenthesis. |
25474 | 2036 |
2037 @item | |
40705 | 2038 @kbd{C-M-f} (@code{forward-sexp}) and @kbd{C-M-b} (@code{backward-sexp}) |
25474 | 2039 will skip over one set of balanced parentheses, so you can see which |
2040 parentheses match. (You can train it to skip over balanced brackets | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2041 and braces at the same time by modifying the syntax table.) |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2042 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2043 @cindex Show matching paren as in @code{vi} |
25474 | 2044 @item |
2045 Here is some Emacs Lisp that will make the @key{%} key show the matching | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2046 parenthesis, like in @code{vi}. In addition, if the cursor isn't over a |
25474 | 2047 parenthesis, it simply inserts a % like normal. |
2048 | |
2049 @lisp | |
2050 ;; By an unknown contributor | |
2051 | |
2052 (global-set-key "%" 'match-paren) | |
2053 | |
2054 (defun match-paren (arg) | |
2055 "Go to the matching paren if on a paren; otherwise insert %." | |
2056 (interactive "p") | |
2057 (cond ((looking-at "\\s\(") (forward-list 1) (backward-char 1)) | |
2058 ((looking-at "\\s\)") (forward-char 1) (backward-list 1)) | |
2059 (t (self-insert-command (or arg 1))))) | |
2060 @end lisp | |
2061 | |
2062 @end itemize | |
2063 | |
2064 @node Hiding #ifdef lines, Repeating commands, Matching parentheses, Common requests | |
2065 @section In C mode, can I show just the lines that will be left after @code{#ifdef} commands are handled by the compiler? | |
2066 @cindex @code{#ifdef}, selective display of | |
2067 @cindex @code{hide-ifdef-mode} | |
2068 @cindex Hiding @code{#ifdef} text | |
2069 @cindex Selectively displaying @code{#ifdef} code | |
2070 | |
2071 @kbd{M-x hide-ifdef-mode}. (This is a minor mode.) You might also want | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
2072 to investigate @file{cpp.el}, which is distributed with Emacs. |
25474 | 2073 |
2074 @node Repeating commands, Valid X resources, Hiding #ifdef lines, Common requests | |
69133
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(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
2075 @section How do I repeat a command as many times as possible? |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
2076 @cindex Repeating commands many times |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
2077 @cindex Commands, repeating many times |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2078 @cindex @code{.}, equivalent to @code{vi} command |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2079 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2080 As of Emacs 20.3, there is indeed a @code{repeat} command (@kbd{C-x z}) |
25474 | 2081 that repeats the last command. If you preface it with a prefix |
2082 argument, the prefix arg is applied to the command. | |
2083 | |
2084 You can also type @kbd{C-x @key{ESC} @key{ESC}} | |
2085 (@code{repeat-complex-command}) to reinvoke commands that used the | |
2086 minibuffer to get arguments. In @code{repeat-complex-command} you can | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2087 type @kbd{M-p} and @kbd{M-n} (and also up-arrow and down-arrow, if your |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2088 keyboard has these keys) to scan through all the different complex |
25474 | 2089 commands you've typed. |
2090 | |
69133
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
2091 To repeat a set of commands, use keyboard macros. Use @kbd{C-x (} and |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
2092 @kbd{C-x )} to make a keyboard macro that invokes the command and then |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
2093 type @kbd{C-x e}. (@inforef{Keyboard Macros, Keyboard Macros, emacs}.) |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
2094 |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
2095 If you're really desperate for the @code{.} command in @code{vi} that |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
2096 redoes the last insertion/deletion, use VIPER, a @code{vi} emulation |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
2097 mode which comes with Emacs, and which appears to support it. |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
2098 (@xref{VIPER}.) |
25474 | 2099 |
2100 @node Valid X resources, Evaluating Emacs Lisp code, Repeating commands, Common requests | |
2101 @section What are the valid X resource settings (i.e., stuff in .Xdefaults)? | |
2102 @cindex Resources, X | |
2103 @cindex X resources | |
2104 @cindex Setting X resources | |
2105 | |
50475
b65aa1d740eb
Fix cross references.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
49429
diff
changeset
|
2106 @inforef{X Resources, X Resources, emacs}. |
25474 | 2107 |
2108 You can also use a resource editor, such as editres (for X11R5 and | |
2109 onwards), to look at the resource names for the menu bar, assuming Emacs | |
2110 was compiled with the X toolkit. | |
2111 | |
2112 @node Evaluating Emacs Lisp code, Changing the length of a Tab, Valid X resources, Common requests | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
2113 @section How do I execute (``evaluate'') a piece of Emacs Lisp code? |
25474 | 2114 @cindex Evaluating Lisp code |
2115 @cindex Lisp forms, evaluating | |
2116 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2117 There are a number of ways to execute (@dfn{evaluate}, in Lisp lingo) an |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2118 Emacs Lisp @dfn{form}: |
25474 | 2119 |
2120 @itemize @bullet | |
2121 | |
2122 @item | |
2123 If you want it evaluated every time you run Emacs, put it in a file | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2124 named @file{.emacs} in your home directory. This is known as ``your |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2125 @file{.emacs} file,'' and contains all of your personal customizations. |
25474 | 2126 |
2127 @item | |
2128 You can type the form in the @file{*scratch*} buffer, and then type | |
2129 @key{LFD} (or @kbd{C-j}) after it. The result of evaluating the form | |
2130 will be inserted in the buffer. | |
2131 | |
2132 @item | |
40705 | 2133 In @code{emacs-lisp-mode}, typing @kbd{C-M-x} evaluates a top-level form |
25474 | 2134 before or around point. |
2135 | |
2136 @item | |
2137 Typing @kbd{C-x C-e} in any buffer evaluates the Lisp form immediately | |
2138 before point and prints its value in the echo area. | |
2139 | |
2140 @item | |
2141 Typing @kbd{M-:} or @kbd{M-x eval-expression} allows you to type a Lisp | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2142 form in the minibuffer which will be evaluated once you press @key{RET}. |
25474 | 2143 |
2144 @item | |
2145 You can use @kbd{M-x load-file} to have Emacs evaluate all the Lisp | |
2146 forms in a file. (To do this from Lisp use the function @code{load} | |
2147 instead.) | |
2148 | |
2149 The functions @code{load-library}, @code{eval-region}, | |
2150 @code{eval-current-buffer}, @code{require}, and @code{autoload} are also | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2151 useful; see @ref{Emacs Lisp documentation}, if you want to learn more |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2152 about them. |
25474 | 2153 |
2154 @end itemize | |
2155 | |
68735
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
2156 @node Changing the length of a Tab, Inserting text at the beginning of each line, Evaluating Emacs Lisp code, Common requests |
25474 | 2157 @section How do I change Emacs's idea of the @key{TAB} character's length? |
2158 @cindex Tab length | |
2159 @cindex Length of tab character | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2160 @cindex @code{default-tab-width} |
25474 | 2161 |
2162 Set the variable @code{default-tab-width}. For example, to set | |
2163 @key{TAB} stops every 10 characters, insert the following in your | |
2164 @file{.emacs} file: | |
2165 | |
2166 @lisp | |
2167 (setq default-tab-width 10) | |
2168 @end lisp | |
2169 | |
2170 Do not confuse variable @code{tab-width} with variable | |
2171 @code{tab-stop-list}. The former is used for the display of literal | |
2172 @key{TAB} characters. The latter controls what characters are inserted | |
2173 when you press the @key{TAB} character in certain modes. | |
2174 | |
68735
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
2175 @node Inserting text at the beginning of each line, Underlining paragraphs, Changing the length of a Tab, Common requests |
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
2176 @section How do I insert <some text> at the beginning of every line? |
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
2177 @cindex Prefixing a region with some text |
25474 | 2178 @cindex Prefix character, inserting in mail/news replies |
2179 @cindex Replies to mail/news, inserting a prefix character | |
2180 @cindex @code{mail-yank-prefix} | |
2181 @cindex Mail replies, inserting a prefix character | |
2182 @cindex News replies, inserting a prefix character | |
2183 | |
2184 To do this to an entire buffer, type @kbd{M-< M-x replace-regexp | |
68735
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
2185 @key{RET} ^ @key{RET} your text @key{RET}}. |
25474 | 2186 |
37447
0bc52782144f
Adapt to the change of string-rectangle back to 20.x behaviour.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
37079
diff
changeset
|
2187 To do this to a region, use @code{string-insert-rectangle}. |
25474 | 2188 Set the mark (@kbd{C-@key{SPC}}) at the beginning of the first line you |
2189 want to prefix, move the cursor to last line to be prefixed, and type | |
37447
0bc52782144f
Adapt to the change of string-rectangle back to 20.x behaviour.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
37079
diff
changeset
|
2190 @kbd{M-x string-insert-rectangle @key{RET}}. To do this for the whole |
0bc52782144f
Adapt to the change of string-rectangle back to 20.x behaviour.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
37079
diff
changeset
|
2191 buffer, type @kbd{C-x h M-x string-insert-rectangle @key{RET}}. |
25474 | 2192 |
2193 If you are trying to prefix a yanked mail message with @samp{>}, you | |
68735
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
2194 might want to set the variable @code{mail-yank-prefix}. In Message |
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
2195 buffers, you can even use @kbd{M-;} to cite yanked messages (@kbd{M-;} |
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
2196 runs the function @code{comment-region}, it is a general-purpose |
69129
23ad987a0092
(Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
68950
diff
changeset
|
2197 mechanism to comment regions) (@pxref{Changing the included text prefix}). |
68735
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
2198 |
69133
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
2199 @node Underlining paragraphs, Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column, Inserting text at the beginning of each line, Common requests |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
2200 @section How do I insert @samp{_^H} before each character in a region to get an underlined paragraph? |
25474 | 2201 @cindex Underlining a region of text |
2202 @cindex @code{underline-region} | |
2203 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2204 Mark the region and then type @kbd{M-x underline-region @key{RET}}. |
25474 | 2205 |
69133
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
2206 @node Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column, Forcing Emacs to iconify itself, Underlining paragraphs, Common requests |
25474 | 2207 @section How do I make Emacs behave like this: when I go up or down, the cursor should stay in the same column even if the line is too short? |
2208 @cindex @code{picture-mode} | |
2209 @cindex Remaining in the same column, regardless of contents | |
2210 @cindex Vertical movement in empty documents | |
2211 | |
69129
23ad987a0092
(Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
68950
diff
changeset
|
2212 Use @kbd{M-x picture-mode}. |
23ad987a0092
(Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
68950
diff
changeset
|
2213 |
23ad987a0092
(Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
68950
diff
changeset
|
2214 See also the variable @code{track-eol} and the command |
23ad987a0092
(Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
68950
diff
changeset
|
2215 @code{set-goal-column} bound to @kbd{C-x C-n} |
23ad987a0092
(Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
68950
diff
changeset
|
2216 (@pxref{Moving Point, , , emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}). |
25474 | 2217 |
2218 @node Forcing Emacs to iconify itself, Using regular expressions, Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column, Common requests | |
2219 @section How do I tell Emacs to iconify itself? | |
35188
94d46968a93f
Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35061
diff
changeset
|
2220 @cindex Iconification under the X Window System |
94d46968a93f
Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35061
diff
changeset
|
2221 @cindex X Window System and iconification |
25474 | 2222 @cindex Suspending Emacs |
2223 | |
35188
94d46968a93f
Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35061
diff
changeset
|
2224 @kbd{C-z} iconifies Emacs when running under X and suspends Emacs |
50475
b65aa1d740eb
Fix cross references.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
49429
diff
changeset
|
2225 otherwise. @inforef{Frame Commands, Frame Commands, emacs}. |
25474 | 2226 |
2227 @node Using regular expressions, Replacing text across multiple files, Forcing Emacs to iconify itself, Common requests | |
2228 @section How do I use regexps (regular expressions) in Emacs? | |
2229 @cindex Regexps | |
2230 @cindex Regular expressions | |
2231 @cindex Differences between Unix and Emacs regexps | |
70501
b31d4dcfe813
(Using regular expressions): Fix typo.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69693
diff
changeset
|
2232 @cindex Unix regexps, differences from Emacs |
25474 | 2233 @cindex Text strings, putting regexps in |
2234 | |
64917
f9b024cc4772
(Using regular expressions): Fix xref.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64890
diff
changeset
|
2235 @inforef{Regexp Backslash, Regexp Backslash, emacs}. |
25474 | 2236 |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2237 The @code{or} operator is @samp{\|}, not @samp{|}, and the grouping operators |
25474 | 2238 are @samp{\(} and @samp{\)}. Also, the string syntax for a backslash is |
2239 @samp{\\}. To specify a regular expression like @samp{xxx\(foo\|bar\)} | |
2240 in a Lisp string, use @samp{xxx\\(foo\\|bar\\)}. | |
2241 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2242 Note the doubled backslashes! |
25474 | 2243 |
2244 @itemize @bullet | |
2245 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2246 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2247 Unlike in Unix @file{grep}, @file{sed}, etc., a complement character set |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2248 (@samp{[^...]}) can match a newline character (@key{LFD} a.k.a.@: |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2249 @kbd{C-j} a.k.a.@: @samp{\n}), unless newline is mentioned as one of the |
25474 | 2250 characters not to match. |
2251 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2252 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2253 The character syntax regexps (e.g., @samp{\sw}) are not |
25474 | 2254 meaningful inside character set regexps (e.g., @samp{[aeiou]}). (This |
2255 is actually typical for regexp syntax.) | |
2256 | |
2257 @end itemize | |
2258 | |
2259 @node Replacing text across multiple files, Documentation for etags, Using regular expressions, Common requests | |
2260 @section How do I perform a replace operation across more than one file? | |
2261 @cindex Replacing strings across files | |
2262 @cindex Multiple files, replacing across | |
2263 @cindex Files, replacing strings across multiple | |
70507
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2264 @cindex Recursive search/replace operations |
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2265 |
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2266 As of Emacs 19.29, Dired mode (@kbd{M-x dired @key{RET}}, or @kbd{C-x |
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2267 d}) supports the command @code{dired-do-query-replace} (@kbd{Q}), which |
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2268 allows users to replace regular expressions in multiple files. |
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2269 |
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2270 You can use this command to perform search/replace operations on |
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2271 multiple files by following the following steps: |
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2272 |
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2273 @itemize @bullet |
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2274 @item |
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2275 Assemble a list of files you want to operate on with either |
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2276 @code{find-dired}, @code{find-name-dired} or @code{find-grep-dired}. |
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2277 |
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2278 @item |
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2279 Mark all files in the resulting Dired buffer using @kbd{t}. |
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2280 |
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2281 @item |
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2282 Use @kbd{Q} to start a @code{query-replace-regexp} session on the marked |
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2283 files. |
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2284 |
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2285 @item |
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2286 To accept all replacements in each file, hit @kbd{!}. |
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2287 @end itemize |
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2288 |
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2289 Another way to do the same thing is to use the ``tags'' feature of |
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2290 Emacs: it includes the command @code{tags-query-replace} which performs |
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2291 a query-replace across all the files mentioned in the @file{TAGS} file. |
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
2292 @inforef{Tags Search, Tags Search, emacs}. |
25474 | 2293 |
2294 @node Documentation for etags, Disabling backups, Replacing text across multiple files, Common requests | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2295 @section Where is the documentation for @code{etags}? |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2296 @cindex Documentation for @code{etags} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2297 @cindex @code{etags}, documentation for |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2298 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2299 The @code{etags} man page should be in the same place as the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2300 @code{emacs} man page. |
25474 | 2301 |
2302 Quick command-line switch descriptions are also available. For example, | |
2303 @samp{etags -H}. | |
2304 | |
2305 @node Disabling backups, Disabling auto-save-mode, Documentation for etags, Common requests | |
2306 @section How do I disable backup files? | |
2307 @cindex Backups, disabling | |
2308 @cindex Disabling backups | |
2309 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2310 You probably don't want to do this, since backups are useful, especially |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2311 when something goes wrong. |
25474 | 2312 |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
2313 To avoid seeing backup files (and other ``uninteresting'' files) in Dired, |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2314 load @code{dired-x} by adding the following to your @file{.emacs} file: |
25474 | 2315 |
2316 @lisp | |
2317 (add-hook 'dired-load-hook | |
28344
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
2318 (lambda () |
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
2319 (load "dired-x"))) |
25474 | 2320 @end lisp |
2321 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2322 With @code{dired-x} loaded, @kbd{M-o} toggles omitting in each dired buffer. |
25474 | 2323 You can make omitting the default for new dired buffers by putting the |
2324 following in your @file{.emacs}: | |
2325 | |
2326 @lisp | |
30692
b2cc8b3e837e
(Disabling backups): Replace reference to
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
30009
diff
changeset
|
2327 (add-hook 'dired-mode-hook 'dired-omit-toggle) |
25474 | 2328 @end lisp |
2329 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2330 If you're tired of seeing backup files whenever you do an @samp{ls} at |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2331 the Unix shell, try GNU @code{ls} with the @samp{-B} option. GNU |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2332 @code{ls} is part of the GNU Fileutils package, available from |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2333 @samp{ftp.gnu.org} and its mirrors (@pxref{Current GNU distributions}). |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2334 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2335 To disable or change the way backups are made, @inforef{Backup Names, , |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2336 emacs}. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2337 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2338 @cindex Backup files in a single directory |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2339 Beginning with Emacs 21.1, you can control where Emacs puts backup files |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2340 by customizing the variable @code{backup-directory-alist}. This |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2341 variable's value specifies that files whose names match specific patters |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2342 should have their backups put in certain directories. A typical use is |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2343 to add the element @code{("." . @var{dir})} to force Emacs to put |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2344 @strong{all} backup files in the directory @file{dir}. |
25474 | 2345 |
36301
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2346 @node Disabling auto-save-mode, Going to a line by number, Disabling backups, Common requests |
25474 | 2347 @section How do I disable @code{auto-save-mode}? |
2348 @cindex Disabling @code{auto-save-mode} | |
2349 @cindex Auto-saving | |
2350 @cindex Saving at frequent intervals | |
2351 | |
2352 You probably don't want to do this, since auto-saving is useful, | |
2353 especially when Emacs or your computer crashes while you are editing a | |
2354 document. | |
2355 | |
2356 Instead, you might want to change the variable | |
2357 @code{auto-save-interval}, which specifies how many keystrokes Emacs | |
2358 waits before auto-saving. Increasing this value forces Emacs to wait | |
2359 longer between auto-saves, which might annoy you less. | |
2360 | |
2361 You might also want to look into Sebastian Kremer's @code{auto-save} | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
2362 package (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). This |
25474 | 2363 package also allows you to place all auto-save files in one directory, |
2364 such as @file{/tmp}. | |
2365 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2366 To disable or change how @code{auto-save-mode} works, @inforef{Auto |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2367 Save, , emacs}. |
25474 | 2368 |
36301
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2369 @node Going to a line by number, Modifying pull-down menus, Disabling auto-save-mode, Common requests |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2370 @section How can I go to a certain line given its number? |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2371 @cindex Going to a line by number |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2372 @cindex Compilation error messages |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2373 @cindex Recompilation |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2374 |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2375 Are you sure you indeed need to go to a line by its number? Perhaps all |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2376 you want is to display a line in your source file for which a compiler |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2377 printed an error message? If so, compiling from within Emacs using the |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2378 @kbd{M-x compile} and @kbd{M-x recompile} commands is a much more |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2379 effective way of doing that. Emacs automatically intercepts the compile |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2380 error messages, inserts them into a special buffer called |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2381 @code{*compilation*}, and lets you visit the locus of each message in |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2382 the source. Type @kbd{C-x `} to step through the offending lines one by |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2383 one (starting with Emacs 22, you can also use @kbd{M-g M-p} and |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2384 @kbd{M-g M-n} to go to the previous and next matches directly). Click |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2385 @kbd{Mouse-2} or press @key{RET} on a message text in the |
36301
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2386 @code{*compilation*} buffer to go to the line whose number is mentioned |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2387 in that message. |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2388 |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2389 But if you indeed need to go to a certain text line, type @kbd{M-g M-g} |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2390 (which is the default binding of the @code{goto-line} function starting |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2391 with Emacs 22). Emacs will prompt you for the number of the line and go |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2392 to that line. |
36301
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2393 |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2394 You can do this faster by invoking @code{goto-line} with a numeric |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2395 argument that is the line's number. For example, @kbd{C-u 286 M-g M-g} |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2396 will jump to line number 286 in the current buffer. |
36301
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2397 |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2398 @node Modifying pull-down menus, Deleting menus and menu options, Going to a line by number, Common requests |
25474 | 2399 @section How can I create or modify new pull-down menu options? |
2400 @cindex Pull-down menus, creating or modifying | |
2401 @cindex Menus, creating or modifying | |
2402 @cindex Creating new menu options | |
2403 @cindex Modifying pull-down menus | |
2404 @cindex Menus and keymaps | |
2405 @cindex Keymaps and menus | |
2406 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2407 Each menu title (e.g., @samp{File}, @samp{Edit}, @samp{Buffers}) |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2408 represents a local or global keymap. Selecting a menu title with the |
56279
b1ae5333057a
* ses.texi, viper.texi, search.texi, flymake.texi, faq.texi:
Jesper Harder <harder@ifa.au.dk>
parents:
55201
diff
changeset
|
2409 mouse displays that keymap's non-@code{nil} contents in the form of a menu. |
25474 | 2410 |
2411 So to add a menu option to an existing menu, all you have to do is add a | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2412 new definition to the appropriate keymap. Adding a @samp{Forward Word} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2413 item to the @samp{Edit} menu thus requires the following Lisp code: |
25474 | 2414 |
2415 @lisp | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2416 (define-key global-map |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2417 [menu-bar edit forward] |
25474 | 2418 '("Forward word" . forward-word)) |
2419 @end lisp | |
2420 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2421 @noindent |
25474 | 2422 The first line adds the entry to the global keymap, which includes |
2423 global menu bar entries. Replacing the reference to @code{global-map} | |
2424 with a local keymap would add this menu option only within a particular | |
2425 mode. | |
2426 | |
2427 The second line describes the path from the menu-bar to the new entry. | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2428 Placing this menu entry underneath the @samp{File} menu would mean |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2429 changing the word @code{edit} in the second line to @code{file}. |
25474 | 2430 |
2431 The third line is a cons cell whose first element is the title that will | |
2432 be displayed, and whose second element is the function that will be | |
2433 called when that menu option is invoked. | |
2434 | |
2435 To add a new menu, rather than a new option to an existing menu, we must | |
2436 define an entirely new keymap: | |
2437 | |
2438 @lisp | |
2439 (define-key global-map [menu-bar words] | |
2440 (cons "Words" (make-sparse-keymap "Words"))) | |
2441 @end lisp | |
2442 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2443 The above code creates a new sparse keymap, gives it the name |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2444 @samp{Words}, and attaches it to the global menu bar. Adding the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2445 @samp{Forward Word} item to this new menu would thus require the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2446 following code: |
25474 | 2447 |
2448 @lisp | |
2449 (define-key global-map | |
2450 [menu-bar words forward] | |
2451 '("Forward word" . forward-word)) | |
2452 @end lisp | |
2453 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2454 @noindent |
25474 | 2455 Note that because of the way keymaps work, menu options are displayed |
2456 with the more recently defined items at the top. Thus if you were to | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2457 define menu options @samp{foo}, @samp{bar}, and @samp{baz} (in that |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2458 order), the menu option @samp{baz} would appear at the top, and |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2459 @samp{foo} would be at the bottom. |
25474 | 2460 |
2461 One way to avoid this problem is to use the function @code{define-key-after}, | |
2462 which works the same as @code{define-key}, but lets you modify where items | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2463 appear. The following Lisp code would insert the @samp{Forward Word} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2464 item in the @samp{Edit} menu immediately following the @samp{Undo} item: |
25474 | 2465 |
2466 @lisp | |
2467 (define-key-after | |
2468 (lookup-key global-map [menu-bar edit]) | |
2469 [forward] | |
2470 '("Forward word" . forward-word) | |
2471 'undo) | |
2472 @end lisp | |
2473 | |
2474 Note how the second and third arguments to @code{define-key-after} are | |
2475 different from those of @code{define-key}, and that we have added a new | |
2476 (final) argument, the function after which our new key should be | |
2477 defined. | |
2478 | |
2479 To move a menu option from one position to another, simply evaluate | |
2480 @code{define-key-after} with the appropriate final argument. | |
2481 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2482 More detailed information---and more examples of how to create and |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2483 modify menu options---are in the @cite{Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}, under |
37530
d4b1acaf82b0
Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37447
diff
changeset
|
2484 ``Menu Keymaps''. (@xref{Emacs Lisp documentation}, for information on |
d4b1acaf82b0
Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37447
diff
changeset
|
2485 this manual.) |
25474 | 2486 |
2487 @node Deleting menus and menu options, Turning on syntax highlighting, Modifying pull-down menus, Common requests | |
2488 @section How do I delete menus and menu options? | |
2489 @cindex Deleting menus and menu options | |
2490 @cindex Menus, deleting | |
2491 | |
2492 The simplest way to remove a menu is to set its keymap to @samp{nil}. | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2493 For example, to delete the @samp{Words} menu (@pxref{Modifying pull-down |
25474 | 2494 menus}), use: |
2495 | |
2496 @lisp | |
2497 (define-key global-map [menu-bar words] nil) | |
2498 @end lisp | |
2499 | |
2500 Similarly, removing a menu option requires redefining a keymap entry to | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2501 @code{nil}. For example, to delete the @samp{Forward word} menu option |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2502 from the @samp{Edit} menu (we added it in @ref{Modifying pull-down |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2503 menus}), use: |
25474 | 2504 |
2505 @lisp | |
2506 (define-key global-map [menu-bar edit forward] nil) | |
2507 @end lisp | |
2508 | |
2509 @node Turning on syntax highlighting, Scrolling only one line, Deleting menus and menu options, Common requests | |
2510 @section How do I turn on syntax highlighting? | |
2511 @cindex Syntax highlighting | |
2512 @cindex @code{font-lock-mode} | |
2513 @cindex Highlighting based on syntax | |
2514 @cindex Colorizing text | |
2515 @cindex FAQ, @code{font-lock-mode} | |
2516 | |
2517 @code{font-lock-mode} is the standard way to have Emacs perform syntax | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2518 highlighting in the current buffer. It is enabled by default in Emacs |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2519 22.1 and later. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2520 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2521 With @code{font-lock-mode} turned on, different types of text will |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2522 appear in different colors. For instance, in a programming mode, |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2523 variables will appear in one face, keywords in a second, and comments in |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2524 a third. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2525 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2526 @cindex hilit19 is deprecated |
25474 | 2527 Earlier versions of Emacs supported hilit19, a similar package. Use of |
2528 hilit19 is now considered non-standard, although @file{hilit19.el} comes | |
2529 with the stock Emacs distribution. It is no longer maintained. | |
2530 | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2531 To turn @code{font-lock-mode} off within an existing buffer, use |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2532 @kbd{M-x font-lock-mode @key{RET}}. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2533 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2534 In Emacs 21 and earlier versions, you could use the following code in |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2535 your @file{.emacs} file to turn on @code{font-lock-mode} globally: |
25474 | 2536 |
2537 @lisp | |
2538 (global-font-lock-mode 1) | |
2539 @end lisp | |
2540 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2541 Highlighting a buffer with @code{font-lock-mode} can take quite a while, |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2542 and cause an annoying delay in display, so several features exist to |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2543 work around this. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2544 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2545 @cindex Just-In-Time syntax highlighting |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2546 In Emacs 21 and later, turning on @code{font-lock-mode} automatically |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2547 activates the new @dfn{Just-In-Time fontification} provided by |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2548 @code{jit-lock-mode}. @code{jit-lock-mode} defers the fontification of |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2549 portions of buffer until you actually need to see them, and can also |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2550 fontify while Emacs is idle. This makes display of the visible portion |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2551 of a buffer almost instantaneous. For details about customizing |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2552 @code{jit-lock-mode}, type @kbd{C-h f jit-lock-mode @key{RET}}. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2553 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2554 @cindex Levels of syntax highlighting |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2555 @cindex Decoration level, in @code{font-lock-mode} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2556 In versions of Emacs before 21, different levels of decoration are |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2557 available, from slight to gaudy. More decoration means you need to wait |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2558 more time for a buffer to be fontified (or a faster machine). To |
25474 | 2559 control how decorated your buffers should become, set the value of |
2560 @code{font-lock-maximum-decoration} in your @file{.emacs} file, with a | |
2561 @code{nil} value indicating default (usually minimum) decoration, and a | |
2562 @code{t} value indicating the maximum decoration. For the gaudiest | |
2563 possible look, then, include the line | |
2564 | |
2565 @lisp | |
2566 (setq font-lock-maximum-decoration t) | |
2567 @end lisp | |
2568 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2569 @noindent |
25474 | 2570 in your @file{.emacs} file. You can also set this variable such that |
2571 different modes are highlighted in a different ways; for more | |
2572 information, see the documentation for | |
2573 @code{font-lock-maximum-decoration} with @kbd{C-h v} (or @kbd{M-x | |
2574 describe-variable @key{RET}}). | |
2575 | |
2576 Also see the documentation for the function @code{font-lock-mode}, | |
2577 available by typing @kbd{C-h f font-lock-mode} (@kbd{M-x | |
2578 describe-function @key{RET} font-lock-mode @key{RET}}). | |
2579 | |
2580 To print buffers with the faces (i.e., colors and fonts) intact, use | |
2581 @kbd{M-x ps-print-buffer-with-faces} or @kbd{M-x | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2582 ps-print-region-with-faces}. You will need a way to send text to a |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2583 PostScript printer, or a PostScript interpreter such as Ghostscript; |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2584 consult the documentation of the variables @code{ps-printer-name}, |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2585 @code{ps-lpr-command}, and @code{ps-lpr-switches} for more details. |
25474 | 2586 |
69133
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
2587 @node Scrolling only one line, Editing MS-DOS files, Turning on syntax highlighting, Common requests |
25474 | 2588 @section How can I force Emacs to scroll only one line when I move past the bottom of the screen? |
2589 @cindex Scrolling only one line | |
46918
82d113655734
Minor spelling and grammar corrections.
Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>
parents:
46655
diff
changeset
|
2590 @cindex Reducing the increment when scrolling |
25474 | 2591 |
67551
fe8f45a3c8a7
(Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67543
diff
changeset
|
2592 Customize the @code{scroll-conservatively} variable with @kbd{M-x |
fe8f45a3c8a7
(Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67543
diff
changeset
|
2593 customize-variable @key{RET} scroll-conservatively @key{RET}} and set it |
fe8f45a3c8a7
(Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67543
diff
changeset
|
2594 to a large value like, say, 10000. For an explanation of what this |
fe8f45a3c8a7
(Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67543
diff
changeset
|
2595 means, @inforef{Scrolling, Scrolling, emacs}. |
fe8f45a3c8a7
(Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67543
diff
changeset
|
2596 |
fe8f45a3c8a7
(Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67543
diff
changeset
|
2597 Alternatively, use the following Lisp form in your @file{.emacs}: |
25474 | 2598 |
2599 @lisp | |
67551
fe8f45a3c8a7
(Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67543
diff
changeset
|
2600 (setq scroll-conservatively most-positive-fixnum) |
25474 | 2601 @end lisp |
2602 | |
69133
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
2603 @node Editing MS-DOS files, Filling paragraphs with a single space, Scrolling only one line, Common requests |
25474 | 2604 @section How can I edit MS-DOS files using Emacs? |
2605 @cindex Editing MS-DOS files | |
2606 @cindex MS-DOS files, editing | |
2607 @cindex Microsoft files, editing | |
2608 @cindex Windows files, editing | |
2609 | |
2610 As of Emacs 20, detection and handling of MS-DOS (and Windows) files is | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2611 performed transparently. You can open MS-DOS files on a Unix system, |
25474 | 2612 edit it, and save it without having to worry about the file format. |
2613 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2614 When editing an MS-DOS style file, the mode line will indicate that it |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2615 is a DOS file. On Unix and GNU/Linux systems, and also on a Macintosh, |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2616 the string @samp{(DOS)} will appear near the left edge of the mode line; |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2617 on DOS and Windows, where the DOS end-of-line (EOL) format is the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2618 default, a backslash (@samp{\}) will appear in the mode line. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2619 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2620 If you are running a version of Emacs before 20.1, get @code{crypt++} |
59996
aac0a33f5772
Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
59713
diff
changeset
|
2621 (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). Among other things, |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
2622 @code{crypt++} transparently modifies MS-DOS files as they are loaded |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
2623 and saved, allowing you to ignore the different conventions that Unix |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
2624 and MS-DOS have for delineating the end of a line. |
25474 | 2625 |
69129
23ad987a0092
(Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
68950
diff
changeset
|
2626 @node Filling paragraphs with a single space, Escape sequences in shell output, Editing MS-DOS files, Common requests |
25474 | 2627 @section How can I tell Emacs to fill paragraphs with a single space after each period? |
2628 @cindex One space following periods | |
2629 @cindex Single space following periods | |
2630 @cindex Periods, one space following | |
2631 | |
67576
79100dce8a85
* faq.texi (Filling paragraphs with a single space): No need to
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
67551
diff
changeset
|
2632 Add the following line to your @file{.emacs} file: |
25474 | 2633 |
2634 @lisp | |
2635 (setq sentence-end-double-space nil) | |
2636 @end lisp | |
2637 | |
69129
23ad987a0092
(Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
68950
diff
changeset
|
2638 @node Escape sequences in shell output, , Filling paragraphs with a single space, Common requests |
46655 | 2639 @section Why these strange escape sequences from @code{ls} from the Shell mode? |
35651
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2640 @cindex Escape sequences in @code{ls} output |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2641 @cindex @code{ls} in Shell mode |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2642 |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2643 This happens because @code{ls} is aliased to @samp{ls --color} in your |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2644 shell init file. You have two alternatives to solve this: |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2645 |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2646 @itemize @bullet |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2647 @item |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2648 Make the alias conditioned on the @code{EMACS} variable in the |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2649 environment. When Emacs runs a subsidiary shell, it exports the |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2650 @code{EMACS} variable with the value @code{t} to that shell. You can |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2651 unalias @code{ls} when that happens, thus limiting the alias to your |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2652 interactive sessions. |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2653 |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2654 @item |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2655 Install the @code{ansi-color} package (bundled with Emacs 21.1 and |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2656 later), which converts these ANSI escape sequences into colors. |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2657 @end itemize |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2658 |
25474 | 2659 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ |
2660 @node Bugs and problems, Compiling and installing Emacs, Common requests, Top | |
2661 @chapter Bugs and problems | |
2662 @cindex Bugs and problems | |
2663 | |
38687
14401c0b4b44
(Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37806
diff
changeset
|
2664 The Emacs manual lists some common kinds of trouble users could get |
14401c0b4b44
(Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37806
diff
changeset
|
2665 into, see @ref{Lossage, , Dealing with Emacs Trouble, emacs, The GNU |
14401c0b4b44
(Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37806
diff
changeset
|
2666 Emacs Manual}, so you might look there if the problem you encounter |
38770
4cbe0f799a15
(Bugs and problems): Fix wording.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38687
diff
changeset
|
2667 isn't described in this chapter. If you decide you've discovered a bug, |
4cbe0f799a15
(Bugs and problems): Fix wording.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38687
diff
changeset
|
2668 see @ref{Bugs, , Reporting Bugs, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}, for |
38687
14401c0b4b44
(Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37806
diff
changeset
|
2669 instructions how to do that. |
14401c0b4b44
(Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37806
diff
changeset
|
2670 |
14401c0b4b44
(Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37806
diff
changeset
|
2671 The file @file{etc/PROBLEMS} in the Emacs distribution lists various |
38770
4cbe0f799a15
(Bugs and problems): Fix wording.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38687
diff
changeset
|
2672 known problems with building and using Emacs on specific platforms; |
54478 | 2673 type @kbd{C-h C-e} to read it. |
38687
14401c0b4b44
(Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37806
diff
changeset
|
2674 |
25474 | 2675 @menu |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2676 * Problems with very large files:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2677 * ^M in the shell buffer:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2678 * Shell process exits abnormally:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2679 * Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2680 * Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2681 * Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2682 * Problems talking to certain hosts:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2683 * Errors with init files:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2684 * Emacs ignores X resources:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2685 * Emacs ignores frame parameters:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2686 * Emacs takes a long time to visit files:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2687 * Editing files with $ in the name:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2688 * Shell mode loses the current directory:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2689 * Security risks with Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2690 * Dired claims that no file is on this line:: |
25474 | 2691 @end menu |
2692 | |
2693 @node Problems with very large files, ^M in the shell buffer, Bugs and problems, Bugs and problems | |
2694 @section Does Emacs have problems with files larger than 8 megabytes? | |
2695 @cindex Very large files, opening | |
2696 @cindex Large files, opening | |
2697 @cindex Opening very large files | |
2698 @cindex Maximum file size | |
2699 @cindex Files, maximum size | |
2700 | |
2701 Old versions (i.e., anything before 19.29) of Emacs had problems editing | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2702 files larger than 8 megabytes. In versions 19.29 and later, the maximum |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2703 buffer size is at least 2^27-1, or 134,217,727 bytes, or 132 MBytes. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2704 And in Emacs 22, the maximum buffer size has been increased to |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2705 268,435,455 bytes (or 256 MBytes) on 32-bit machines. |
25474 | 2706 |
2707 @node ^M in the shell buffer, Shell process exits abnormally, Problems with very large files, Bugs and problems | |
2708 @section How do I get rid of @samp{^M} or echoed commands in my shell buffer? | |
2709 @cindex Shell buffer, echoed commands and @samp{^M} in | |
2710 @cindex Echoed commands in @code{shell-mode} | |
2711 | |
2712 Try typing @kbd{M-x shell-strip-ctrl-m @key{RET}} while in @code{shell-mode} to | |
2713 make them go away. If that doesn't work, you have several options: | |
2714 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2715 For @code{tcsh}, put this in your @file{.cshrc} (or @file{.tcshrc}) |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2716 file: |
25474 | 2717 |
2718 @example | |
2719 if ($?EMACS) then | |
2720 if ("$EMACS" == t) then | |
2721 if ($?tcsh) unset edit | |
2722 stty nl | |
2723 endif | |
2724 endif | |
2725 @end example | |
2726 | |
2727 Or put this in your @file{.emacs_tcsh} file: | |
2728 | |
2729 @example | |
2730 unset edit | |
2731 stty nl | |
2732 @end example | |
2733 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2734 Alternatively, use @code{csh} in your shell buffers instead of |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2735 @code{tcsh}. One way is: |
25474 | 2736 |
2737 @lisp | |
2738 (setq explicit-shell-file-name "/bin/csh") | |
2739 @end lisp | |
2740 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2741 @noindent |
25474 | 2742 and another is to do this in your @file{.cshrc} (or @file{.tcshrc}) |
2743 file: | |
2744 | |
2745 @example | |
2746 setenv ESHELL /bin/csh | |
2747 @end example | |
2748 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2749 @noindent |
25474 | 2750 (You must start Emacs over again with the environment variable properly |
2751 set for this to take effect.) | |
2752 | |
2753 You can also set the @code{ESHELL} environment variable in Emacs Lisp | |
2754 with the following Lisp form, | |
2755 | |
2756 @lisp | |
2757 (setenv "ESHELL" "/bin/csh") | |
2758 @end lisp | |
2759 | |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2760 The above solutions try to prevent the shell from producing the |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2761 @samp{^M} characters in the first place. If this is not possible |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2762 (e.g., if you use a Windows shell), you can get Emacs to remove these |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2763 characters from the buffer by adding this to your @file{.emacs} init |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2764 file: |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2765 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2766 @smalllisp |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2767 (add-hook 'comint-output-filter-functions 'shell-strip-ctrl-m) |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2768 @end smalllisp |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2769 |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2770 On a related note: if your shell is echoing your input line in the shell |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2771 buffer, you might want to customize the @code{comint-process-echoes} |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2772 variable in your shell buffers, or try the following command in your |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2773 shell start-up file: |
25474 | 2774 |
2775 @example | |
2776 stty -icrnl -onlcr -echo susp ^Z | |
2777 @end example | |
2778 | |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2779 @node Shell process exits abnormally, Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows, ^M in the shell buffer, Bugs and problems |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
2780 @section Why do I get ``Process shell exited abnormally with code 1''? |
25474 | 2781 @cindex Abnormal exits from @code{shell-mode} |
2782 @cindex @code{shell-mode} exits | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2783 @cindex Process shell exited |
25474 | 2784 |
2785 The most likely reason for this message is that the @samp{env} program | |
2786 is not properly installed. Compile this program for your architecture, | |
2787 and install it with @samp{a+x} permission in the architecture-dependent | |
2788 Emacs program directory. (You can find what this directory is at your | |
2789 site by inspecting the value of the variable @code{exec-directory} by | |
2790 typing @kbd{C-h v exec-directory @key{RET}}.) | |
2791 | |
2792 You should also check for other programs named @samp{env} in your path | |
2793 (e.g., SunOS has a program named @file{/usr/bin/env}). We don't | |
2794 understand why this can cause a failure and don't know a general | |
2795 solution for working around the problem in this case. | |
2796 | |
2797 The @samp{make clean} command will remove @samp{env} and other vital | |
2798 programs, so be careful when using it. | |
2799 | |
2800 It has been reported that this sometimes happened when Emacs was started | |
2801 as an X client from an xterm window (i.e., had a controlling tty) but the | |
2802 xterm was later terminated. | |
2803 | |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2804 See also @samp{PROBLEMS} (in the @file{etc} subdirectory of the |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2805 top-level directory when you unpack the Emacs source) for other |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2806 possible causes of this message. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2807 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2808 @node Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows, Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs, Shell process exits abnormally, Bugs and problems |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2809 @section Why do I get an error message when I try to run @kbd{M-x shell}? |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2810 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2811 @cindex Shell Mode, and MS-Windows |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2812 @cindex @code{explicit-shell-file-name} |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2813 On MS-Windows, this might happen because Emacs tries to look for the |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2814 shell in a wrong place. The default file name @file{/bin/sh} is |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2815 usually incorrect for non-Unix systems. If you know where your shell |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2816 executable is, set the variable @code{explicit-shell-file-name} in |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2817 your @file{.emacs} file to point to its full file name, like this: |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2818 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2819 @lisp |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2820 (setq explicit-shell-file-name "d:/shells/bash.exe") |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2821 @end lisp |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2822 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2823 If you don't know what shell does Emacs use, try the @kbd{M-!} |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2824 command; if that works, put the following line into your |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2825 @file{.emacs}: |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2826 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2827 @lisp |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2828 (setq explicit-shell-file-name shell-file-name) |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2829 @end lisp |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2830 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2831 @cindex Antivirus programs, and Shell Mode |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2832 Some people have trouble with Shell Mode because of intrusive |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2833 antivirus software; disabling the resident antivirus program solves |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2834 the problems in those cases. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2835 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2836 @node Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs, Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode, Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows, Bugs and problems |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
2837 @section Where is the termcap/terminfo entry for terminal type @samp{emacs}? |
25474 | 2838 @cindex Termcap |
2839 @cindex Terminfo | |
2840 @cindex Emacs entries for termcap/terminfo | |
2841 | |
2842 The termcap entry for terminal type @samp{emacs} is ordinarily put in | |
2843 the @samp{TERMCAP} environment variable of subshells. It may help in | |
2844 certain situations (e.g., using rlogin from shell buffer) to add an | |
2845 entry for @samp{emacs} to the system-wide termcap file. Here is a | |
2846 correct termcap entry for @samp{emacs}: | |
2847 | |
2848 @example | |
2849 emacs:tc=unknown: | |
2850 @end example | |
2851 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2852 To make a terminfo entry for @samp{emacs}, use @code{tic} or |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2853 @code{captoinfo}. You need to generate |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2854 @file{/usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs}. It may work to simply copy |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2855 @file{/usr/lib/terminfo/d/dumb} to @file{/usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs}. |
25474 | 2856 |
2857 Having a termcap/terminfo entry will not enable the use of full screen | |
2858 programs in shell buffers. Use @kbd{M-x terminal-emulator} for that | |
2859 instead. | |
2860 | |
2861 A workaround to the problem of missing termcap/terminfo entries is to | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2862 change terminal type @samp{emacs} to type @samp{dumb} or @samp{unknown} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2863 in your shell start up file. @code{csh} users could put this in their |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2864 @file{.cshrc} files: |
25474 | 2865 |
2866 @example | |
2867 if ("$term" == emacs) set term=dumb | |
2868 @end example | |
2869 | |
2870 @node Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode, Problems talking to certain hosts, Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs, Bugs and problems | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
2871 @section Why does Emacs spontaneously start displaying @samp{I-search:} and beeping? |
25474 | 2872 @cindex Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode |
2873 @cindex isearch-mode, spontaneous entry into | |
2874 @cindex Beeping without obvious reason | |
2875 | |
2876 Your terminal (or something between your terminal and the computer) is | |
2877 sending @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} for flow control, and Emacs is receiving | |
2878 these characters and interpreting them as commands. (The @kbd{C-s} | |
2879 character normally invokes the @code{isearch-forward} command.) For | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2880 possible solutions, see @ref{Handling C-s and C-q with flow control}. |
25474 | 2881 |
2882 @node Problems talking to certain hosts, Errors with init files, Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode, Bugs and problems | |
2883 @section Why can't Emacs talk to certain hosts (or certain hostnames)? | |
2884 @cindex Hosts, Emacs cannot talk to | |
2885 @cindex @code{gethostbyname}, problematic version | |
2886 | |
2887 The problem may be that Emacs is linked with a wimpier version of | |
2888 @code{gethostbyname} than the rest of the programs on the machine. This | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2889 is often manifested as a message on startup of ``X server not responding. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2890 Check your @samp{DISPLAY} environment variable.'' or a message of |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2891 ``Unknown host'' from @code{open-network-stream}. |
25474 | 2892 |
2893 On a Sun, this may be because Emacs had to be linked with the static C | |
2894 library. The version of @code{gethostbyname} in the static C library | |
2895 may only look in @file{/etc/hosts} and the NIS (YP) maps, while the | |
2896 version in the dynamic C library may be smart enough to check DNS in | |
2897 addition to or instead of NIS. On a Motorola Delta running System V | |
2898 R3.6, the version of @code{gethostbyname} in the standard library works, | |
2899 but the one that works with NIS doesn't (the one you get with -linet). | |
2900 Other operating systems have similar problems. | |
2901 | |
2902 Try these options: | |
2903 | |
2904 @itemize @bullet | |
2905 | |
2906 @item | |
2907 Explicitly add the host you want to communicate with to @file{/etc/hosts}. | |
2908 | |
2909 @item | |
2910 Relink Emacs with this line in @file{src/config.h}: | |
2911 | |
2912 @example | |
2913 #define LIBS_SYSTEM -lresolv | |
2914 @end example | |
2915 | |
2916 @item | |
2917 Replace @code{gethostbyname} and friends in @file{libc.a} with more | |
2918 useful versions such as the ones in @file{libresolv.a}. Then relink | |
2919 Emacs. | |
2920 | |
2921 @item | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2922 If you are actually running NIS, make sure that @code{ypbind} is |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2923 properly told to do DNS lookups with the correct command line switch. |
25474 | 2924 |
2925 @end itemize | |
2926 | |
2927 @node Errors with init files, Emacs ignores X resources, Problems talking to certain hosts, Bugs and problems | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
2928 @section Why does Emacs say @samp{Error in init file}? |
25474 | 2929 @cindex Error in @file{.emacs} |
2930 @cindex Error in init file | |
2931 @cindex Init file, errors in | |
2932 @cindex @file{.emacs} file, errors in | |
2933 @cindex Debugging @file{.emacs} file | |
2934 | |
2935 An error occurred while loading either your @file{.emacs} file or the | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2936 system-wide file @file{lisp/default.el}. Emacs 21.1 and later pops the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2937 @file{*Messages*} buffer, and puts there some additional information |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2938 about the error, to provide some hints for debugging. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2939 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2940 For information on how to debug your @file{.emacs} file, see |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2941 @ref{Debugging a customization file}. |
25474 | 2942 |
2943 It may be the case that you need to load some package first, or use a | |
2944 hook that will be evaluated after the package is loaded. A common case | |
2945 of this is explained in @ref{Terminal setup code works after Emacs has | |
2946 begun}. | |
2947 | |
36301
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2948 @node Emacs ignores X resources, Emacs ignores frame parameters, Errors with init files, Bugs and problems |
25474 | 2949 @section Why does Emacs ignore my X resources (my .Xdefaults file)? |
2950 @cindex X resources being ignored | |
2951 @cindex Ignored X resources | |
2952 @cindex @file{.Xdefaults} | |
2953 | |
2954 As of version 19, Emacs searches for X resources in the files specified | |
2955 by the following environment variables: | |
2956 | |
2957 @itemize @bullet | |
2958 | |
2959 @item @code{XFILESEARCHPATH} | |
2960 @item @code{XUSERFILESEARCHPATH} | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2961 @item @code{XAPPLRESDIR} |
25474 | 2962 |
2963 @end itemize | |
2964 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2965 This emulates the functionality provided by programs written using the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2966 Xt toolkit. |
25474 | 2967 |
2968 @code{XFILESEARCHPATH} and @code{XUSERFILESEARCHPATH} should be a list | |
2969 of file names separated by colons. @code{XAPPLRESDIR} should be a list | |
2970 of directory names separated by colons. | |
2971 | |
2972 Emacs searches for X resources: | |
2973 | |
2974 @enumerate | |
2975 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2976 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2977 specified on the command line, with the @samp{-xrm RESOURCESTRING} option, |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2978 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2979 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2980 then in the value of the @samp{XENVIRONMENT} environment variable, |
25474 | 2981 |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2982 @itemize @minus |
25474 | 2983 |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2984 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2985 or if that is unset, in the file named |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2986 @file{~/.Xdefaults-@var{hostname}} if it exists (where @var{hostname} is |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2987 the name of the machine Emacs is running on), |
25474 | 2988 |
2989 @end itemize | |
2990 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2991 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2992 then in the screen-specific and server-wide resource properties provided |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2993 by the server, |
25474 | 2994 |
2995 @itemize @minus | |
2996 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2997 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2998 or if those properties are unset, in the file named @file{~/.Xdefaults} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2999 if it exists, |
25474 | 3000 |
3001 @end itemize | |
3002 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3003 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3004 then in the files listed in @samp{XUSERFILESEARCHPATH}, |
25474 | 3005 |
3006 @itemize @minus | |
3007 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3008 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3009 or in files named @file{@var{lang}/Emacs} in directories listed in |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3010 @samp{XAPPLRESDIR} (where @var{lang} is the value of the @code{LANG} |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3011 environment variable), if the @samp{LANG} environment variable is set, |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3012 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3013 or in files named Emacs in the directories listed in @samp{XAPPLRESDIR} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3014 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3015 or in @file{~/@var{lang}/Emacs} (if the @code{LANG} environment variable |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3016 is set), |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3017 @item |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3018 or in @file{~/Emacs}, |
25474 | 3019 |
3020 @end itemize | |
3021 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3022 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3023 then in the files listed in @code{XFILESEARCHPATH}. |
25474 | 3024 |
3025 @end enumerate | |
3026 | |
36301
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3027 @node Emacs ignores frame parameters, Emacs takes a long time to visit files, Emacs ignores X resources, Bugs and problems |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3028 @section Why don't my customizations of the frame parameters work? |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3029 @cindex Frame parameters |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3030 |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3031 This probably happens because you have set the frame parameters in the |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3032 variable @code{initial-frame-alist}. That variable holds parameters |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3033 used only for the first frame created when Emacs starts. To customize |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3034 the parameters of all frames, change the variable |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3035 @code{default-frame-alist} instead. |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3036 |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3037 These two variables exist because many users customize the initial frame |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3038 in a special way. For example, you could determine the position and |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3039 size of the initial frame, but would like to control the geometry of the |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3040 other frames by individually positioning each one of them. |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3041 |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3042 |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3043 @node Emacs takes a long time to visit files, Editing files with $ in the name, Emacs ignores frame parameters, Bugs and problems |
25474 | 3044 @section Why does Emacs take 20 seconds to visit a file? |
3045 @cindex Visiting files takes a long time | |
3046 @cindex Delay when visiting files | |
3047 @cindex Files, take a long time to visit | |
3048 | |
3049 Old versions of Emacs (i.e., versions before Emacs 20.x) often | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3050 encountered this when the master lock file, @file{!!!SuperLock!!!}, has |
25474 | 3051 been left in the lock directory somehow. Delete it. |
3052 | |
3053 @email{meuer@@geom.umn.edu, Mark Meuer} says that NeXT NFS has a bug | |
3054 where an exclusive create succeeds but returns an error status. This | |
3055 can cause the same problem. Since Emacs's file locking doesn't work | |
3056 over NFS anyway, the best solution is to recompile Emacs with | |
3057 @code{CLASH_DETECTION} undefined. | |
3058 | |
3059 @node Editing files with $ in the name, Shell mode loses the current directory, Emacs takes a long time to visit files, Bugs and problems | |
3060 @section How do I edit a file with a @samp{$} in its name? | |
3061 @cindex Editing files with @samp{$} in the name | |
36383
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
3062 @cindex @samp{$} in file names |
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
3063 @cindex File names containing @samp{$}, editing |
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
3064 |
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
3065 When entering a file name in the minibuffer, Emacs will attempt to expand |
25474 | 3066 a @samp{$} followed by a word as an environment variable. To suppress |
3067 this behavior, type @kbd{$$} instead. | |
3068 | |
3069 @node Shell mode loses the current directory, Security risks with Emacs, Editing files with $ in the name, Bugs and problems | |
3070 @section Why does shell mode lose track of the shell's current directory? | |
3071 @cindex Current directory and @code{shell-mode} | |
3072 @cindex @code{shell-mode} and current directory | |
3073 @cindex Directory, current in @code{shell-mode} | |
3074 | |
3075 Emacs has no way of knowing when the shell actually changes its | |
3076 directory. This is an intrinsic limitation of Unix. So it tries to | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3077 guess by recognizing @samp{cd} commands. If you type @kbd{cd} followed |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3078 by a directory name with a variable reference (@kbd{cd $HOME/bin}) or |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3079 with a shell metacharacter (@kbd{cd ../lib*}), Emacs will fail to |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3080 correctly guess the shell's new current directory. A huge variety of |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3081 fixes and enhancements to shell mode for this problem have been written |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3082 to handle this problem (@pxref{Finding a package with particular |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3083 functionality}). |
25474 | 3084 |
3085 You can tell Emacs the shell's current directory with the command | |
3086 @kbd{M-x dirs}. | |
3087 | |
3088 @node Security risks with Emacs, Dired claims that no file is on this line, Shell mode loses the current directory, Bugs and problems | |
3089 @section Are there any security risks in Emacs? | |
3090 @cindex Security with Emacs | |
3091 @cindex @samp{movemail} and security | |
3092 @cindex @code{file-local-variable} and security | |
3093 @cindex Synthetic X events and security | |
3094 @cindex X events and security | |
3095 | |
3096 @itemize @bullet | |
3097 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3098 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3099 The @file{movemail} incident. (No, this is not a risk.) |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3100 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3101 In his book @cite{The Cuckoo's Egg}, Cliff Stoll describes this in |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3102 chapter 4. The site at LBL had installed the @file{/etc/movemail} |
25474 | 3103 program setuid root. (As of version 19, @file{movemail} is in your |
3104 architecture-specific directory; type @kbd{C-h v exec-directory | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3105 @key{RET}} to see what it is.) Since @code{movemail} had not been |
25474 | 3106 designed for this situation, a security hole was created and users could |
3107 get root privileges. | |
3108 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3109 @code{movemail} has since been changed so that this security hole will |
25474 | 3110 not exist, even if it is installed setuid root. However, |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3111 @code{movemail} no longer needs to be installed setuid root, which |
25474 | 3112 should eliminate this particular risk. |
3113 | |
3114 We have heard unverified reports that the 1988 Internet worm took | |
3115 advantage of this configuration problem. | |
3116 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3117 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3118 The @code{file-local-variable} feature. (Yes, a risk, but easy to |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3119 change.) |
25474 | 3120 |
3121 There is an Emacs feature that allows the setting of local values for | |
3122 variables when editing a file by including specially formatted text near | |
3123 the end of the file. This feature also includes the ability to have | |
3124 arbitrary Emacs Lisp code evaluated when the file is visited. | |
3125 Obviously, there is a potential for Trojan horses to exploit this | |
3126 feature. | |
3127 | |
3128 Emacs 18 allowed this feature by default; users could disable it by | |
56279
b1ae5333057a
* ses.texi, viper.texi, search.texi, flymake.texi, faq.texi:
Jesper Harder <harder@ifa.au.dk>
parents:
55201
diff
changeset
|
3129 setting the variable @code{inhibit-local-variables} to a non-@code{nil} value. |
25474 | 3130 |
3131 As of Emacs 19, Emacs has a list of local variables that create a | |
3132 security risk. If a file tries to set one of them, it asks the user to | |
3133 confirm whether the variables should be set. You can also tell Emacs | |
3134 whether to allow the evaluation of Emacs Lisp code found at the bottom | |
3135 of files by setting the variable @code{enable-local-eval}. | |
3136 | |
3137 For more information, @inforef{File Variables, File Variables, emacs}. | |
3138 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3139 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3140 Synthetic X events. (Yes, a risk; use @samp{MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1} or |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3141 better.) |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3142 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3143 Emacs accepts synthetic X events generated by the @code{SendEvent} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3144 request as though they were regular events. As a result, if you are |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3145 using the trivial host-based authentication, other users who can open X |
25474 | 3146 connections to your X workstation can make your Emacs process do |
3147 anything, including run other processes with your privileges. | |
3148 | |
3149 The only fix for this is to prevent other users from being able to open | |
3150 X connections. The standard way to prevent this is to use a real | |
3151 authentication mechanism, such as @samp{MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1}. If using | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3152 the @code{xauth} program has any effect, then you are probably using |
25474 | 3153 @samp{MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1}. Your site may be using a superior |
3154 authentication method; ask your system administrator. | |
3155 | |
3156 If real authentication is not a possibility, you may be satisfied by | |
3157 just allowing hosts access for brief intervals while you start your X | |
3158 programs, then removing the access. This reduces the risk somewhat by | |
3159 narrowing the time window when hostile users would have access, but | |
3160 @emph{does not eliminate the risk}. | |
3161 | |
35188
94d46968a93f
Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35061
diff
changeset
|
3162 On most computers running Unix and X, you enable and disable |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3163 access using the @code{xhost} command. To allow all hosts access to |
25474 | 3164 your X server, use |
3165 | |
3166 @example | |
3167 xhost + | |
3168 @end example | |
3169 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3170 @noindent |
25474 | 3171 at the shell prompt, which (on an HP machine, at least) produces the |
3172 following message: | |
3173 | |
3174 @example | |
3175 access control disabled, clients can connect from any host | |
3176 @end example | |
3177 | |
3178 To deny all hosts access to your X server (except those explicitly | |
3179 allowed by name), use | |
3180 | |
3181 @example | |
3182 xhost - | |
3183 @end example | |
3184 | |
3185 On the test HP computer, this command generated the following message: | |
3186 | |
3187 @example | |
3188 access control enabled, only authorized clients can connect | |
3189 @end example | |
3190 | |
3191 @end itemize | |
3192 | |
3193 @node Dired claims that no file is on this line, , Security risks with Emacs, Bugs and problems | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3194 @section Dired says, @samp{no file on this line} when I try to do something. |
25474 | 3195 @cindex Dired does not see a file |
3196 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3197 @c FIXME: I think this is fixed in Emacs 21, but I didn't have time to |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3198 @c check. |
25474 | 3199 Chances are you're using a localized version of Unix that doesn't use US |
3200 date format in dired listings. You can check this by looking at dired | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3201 listings or by typing @kbd{ls -l} to a shell and looking at the dates that |
25474 | 3202 come out. |
3203 | |
3204 Dired uses a regular expression to find the beginning of a file name. | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3205 In a long Unix-style directory listing (@samp{ls -l}), the file name |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3206 starts after the date. The regexp has thus been written to look for the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3207 date, the format of which can vary on non-US systems. |
25474 | 3208 |
3209 There are two approaches to solving this. The first one involves | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3210 setting things up so that @samp{ls -l} outputs US date format. This can |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3211 be done by setting the locale. See your OS manual for more information. |
25474 | 3212 |
3213 The second approach involves changing the regular expression used by | |
66325
fda96ff4c7e5
* files.el (directory-listing-before-filename-regexp): New
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
65041
diff
changeset
|
3214 dired, @code{directory-listing-before-filename-regexp}. |
25474 | 3215 |
3216 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ | |
3217 @node Compiling and installing Emacs, Finding Emacs and related packages, Bugs and problems, Top | |
3218 @chapter Compiling and installing Emacs | |
3219 @cindex Compiling and installing Emacs | |
3220 | |
3221 @menu | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3222 * Installing Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3223 * Updating Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3224 * Problems building Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3225 * Linking with -lX11 fails:: |
25474 | 3226 @end menu |
3227 | |
3228 @node Installing Emacs, Updating Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs | |
3229 @section How do I install Emacs? | |
3230 @cindex Installing Emacs | |
3231 @cindex Unix systems, installing Emacs on | |
3232 @cindex Downloading and installing Emacs | |
3233 @cindex Retrieving and installing Emacs | |
3234 @cindex Building Emacs from source | |
3235 @cindex Source code, building Emacs from | |
3236 @cindex Unpacking and installing Emacs | |
3237 | |
3238 This answer is meant for users of Unix and Unix-like systems. Users of | |
3239 other operating systems should see the series of questions beginning | |
3240 with @ref{Emacs for MS-DOS}, which describe where to get non-Unix source | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3241 and binaries, and how to install Emacs on those systems. |
25474 | 3242 |
3243 For Unix and Unix-like systems, the easiest way is often to compile it | |
3244 from scratch. You will need: | |
3245 | |
3246 @itemize @bullet | |
3247 | |
3248 @item | |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
3249 Emacs sources. @xref{Current GNU distributions}, for a list of ftp sites |
25474 | 3250 that make them available. On @file{ftp.gnu.org}, the main GNU |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3251 distribution site, sources are available as |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3252 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3253 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/emacs-@value{VER}.tar.gz} |
25474 | 3254 |
3255 The above will obviously change as new versions of Emacs come out. For | |
59996
aac0a33f5772
Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
59713
diff
changeset
|
3256 instance, when Emacs 22.42 is released, it will most probably be |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3257 available as |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3258 |
59996
aac0a33f5772
Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
59713
diff
changeset
|
3259 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/emacs-22.42.tar.gz} |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3260 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3261 Again, you should use one of the GNU mirror sites (see @ref{Current GNU |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
3262 distributions}, and adjust the URL accordingly) so as to reduce load on |
25474 | 3263 @file{ftp.gnu.org}. |
3264 | |
3265 @item | |
3266 @code{gzip}, the GNU compression utility. You can get @code{gzip} via | |
3267 anonymous ftp at mirrors of @file{ftp.gnu.org} sites; it should compile | |
3268 and install without much trouble on most systems. Once you have | |
3269 retrieved the Emacs sources, you will probably be able to uncompress | |
3270 them with the command | |
3271 | |
3272 @example | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3273 gunzip --verbose emacs-@value{VER}.tar.gz |
25474 | 3274 @end example |
3275 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3276 @noindent |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3277 changing the Emacs version (@value{VER}), as necessary. Once |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3278 @code{gunzip} has finished doing its job, a file by the name of |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3279 @file{emacs-@value{VER}.tar} should be in your build directory. |
25474 | 3280 |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3281 @item |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3282 @code{tar}, the @dfn{tape archiving} program, which moves multiple files |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3283 into and out of archive files, or @dfn{tarfiles}. All of the files |
25474 | 3284 comprising the Emacs source come in a single tarfile, and must be |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3285 extracted using @code{tar} before you can build Emacs. Typically, the |
25474 | 3286 extraction command would look like |
3287 | |
3288 @example | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3289 tar -xvvf emacs-@value{VER}.tar |
25474 | 3290 @end example |
3291 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3292 @noindent |
25474 | 3293 The @samp{x} indicates that we want to extract files from this tarfile, |
3294 the two @samp{v}s force verbose output, and the @samp{f} tells | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3295 @code{tar} to use a disk file, rather than one on the tape drive. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3296 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3297 If you're using GNU @code{tar} (available at mirrors of |
25474 | 3298 @file{ftp.gnu.org}), you can combine this step and the previous one by |
3299 using the command | |
3300 | |
3301 @example | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3302 tar -zxvvf emacs-@value{VER}.tar.gz |
25474 | 3303 @end example |
3304 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3305 @noindent |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3306 The additional @samp{z} at the beginning of the options list tells GNU |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3307 @code{tar} to uncompress the file with @code{gunzip} before extracting |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3308 the tarfile's components. |
25474 | 3309 |
3310 @end itemize | |
3311 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3312 At this point, the Emacs sources (all 70+ megabytes of them) should be |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3313 sitting in a directory called @file{emacs-@value{VER}}. On most common |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3314 Unix and Unix-like systems, you should be able to compile Emacs (with X |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3315 Window system support) with the following commands: |
25474 | 3316 |
3317 @example | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3318 cd emacs-@value{VER} # change directory to emacs-@value{VER} |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3319 ./configure # configure Emacs for your particular system |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3320 make # use Makefile to build components, then Emacs |
25474 | 3321 @end example |
3322 | |
3323 If the @code{make} completes successfully, the odds are fairly good that | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3324 the build has gone well. (@xref{Problems building Emacs}, if you weren't |
25474 | 3325 successful.) |
3326 | |
3327 By default, Emacs is installed in the following directories: | |
3328 | |
3329 @table @file | |
3330 @item /usr/local/bin | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3331 binaries. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3332 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3333 @item /usr/local/share/emacs/@value{VER} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3334 Lisp code and support files. |
25474 | 3335 |
3336 @item /usr/local/info | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3337 Info documentation. |
25474 | 3338 @end table |
3339 | |
3340 To install files in those default directories, become the superuser and | |
3341 type | |
3342 | |
3343 @example | |
3344 make install | |
3345 @end example | |
3346 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3347 Note that @samp{make install} will overwrite @file{/usr/local/bin/emacs} |
25474 | 3348 and any Emacs Info files that might be in @file{/usr/local/info}. |
3349 | |
3350 Much more verbose instructions (with many more hints and suggestions) | |
3351 come with the Emacs sources, in the file @file{INSTALL}. | |
3352 | |
3353 @node Updating Emacs, Problems building Emacs, Installing Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs | |
3354 @section How do I update Emacs to the latest version? | |
3355 @cindex Updating Emacs | |
3356 | |
3357 @xref{Installing Emacs}, and follow the instructions there for | |
3358 installation. | |
3359 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3360 Most files are placed in version-specific directories. Emacs |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3361 @value{VER}, for instance, places files in |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3362 @file{/usr/local/share/emacs/@value{VER}}. |
25474 | 3363 |
3364 Upgrading should overwrite only, @file{/usr/local/bin/emacs} (the Emacs | |
3365 binary) and documentation in @file{/usr/local/info}. Back up these | |
3366 files before you upgrade, and you shouldn't have too much trouble. | |
3367 | |
3368 @node Problems building Emacs, Linking with -lX11 fails, Updating Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs | |
3369 @section What should I do if I have trouble building Emacs? | |
3370 @cindex Problems building Emacs | |
3371 @cindex Errors when building Emacs | |
3372 | |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3373 First look in the file @file{etc/PROBLEMS} (where you unpack the Emacs |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3374 source) to see if there is already a solution for your problem. Next, |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3375 look for other questions in this FAQ that have to do with Emacs |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3376 installation and compilation problems. |
25474 | 3377 |
3378 If you'd like to have someone look at your problem and help solve it, | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3379 see @ref{Help installing Emacs}. |
25474 | 3380 |
3381 If you cannot find a solution in the documentation, send a message to | |
3382 @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org}. | |
3383 | |
37806 | 3384 Please don't post it to @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help} or send e-mail to |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3385 @email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org}. For further guidelines, see |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3386 @ref{Guidelines for newsgroup postings} and @ref{Reporting bugs}. |
25474 | 3387 |
3388 @node Linking with -lX11 fails, , Problems building Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs | |
3389 @section Why does linking Emacs with -lX11 fail? | |
3390 @cindex Linking with -lX11 fails | |
3391 @cindex lX11, linking fails with | |
3392 | |
3393 Emacs needs to be linked with the static version of the X11 library, | |
3394 @file{libX11.a}. This may be missing. | |
3395 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3396 On OpenWindows, you may need to use @code{add_services} to add the |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3397 ``OpenWindows Programmers'' optional software category from the CD-ROM. |
25474 | 3398 |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3399 On HP-UX 8.0, you may need to run @code{update} again to load the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3400 X11-PRG ``fileset''. This may be missing even if you specified ``all |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3401 filesets'' the first time. If @file{libcurses.a} is missing, you may |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3402 need to load the ``Berkeley Development Option.'' |
25474 | 3403 |
3404 @email{zoo@@armadillo.com, David Zuhn} says that MIT X builds shared | |
3405 libraries by default, and only shared libraries, on those platforms that | |
3406 support them. These shared libraries can't be used when undumping | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3407 @code{temacs} (the last stage of the Emacs build process). To get |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3408 regular libraries in addition to shared libraries, add this to |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3409 @file{site.cf}: |
25474 | 3410 |
3411 @example | |
3412 #define ForceNormalLib YES | |
3413 @end example | |
3414 | |
3415 Other systems may have similar problems. You can always define | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3416 @code{CANNOT_DUMP} and link with the shared libraries instead. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3417 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3418 @cindex X Menus don't work |
25474 | 3419 To get the Xmenu stuff to work, you need to find a copy of MIT's |
3420 @file{liboldX.a}. | |
3421 | |
3422 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ | |
3423 @node Finding Emacs and related packages, Major packages and programs, Compiling and installing Emacs, Top | |
3424 @chapter Finding Emacs and related packages | |
3425 @cindex Finding Emacs and related packages | |
3426 | |
3427 @menu | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3428 * Finding Emacs on the Internet:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3429 * Finding a package with particular functionality:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3430 * Packages that do not come with Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3431 * Current GNU distributions:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3432 * Difference between Emacs and XEmacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3433 * Emacs for MS-DOS:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3434 * Emacs for Windows:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3435 * Emacs for OS/2:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3436 * Emacs for Atari ST:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3437 * Emacs for the Amiga :: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3438 * Emacs for NeXTSTEP:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3439 * Emacs for Apple computers:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3440 * Emacs for VMS and DECwindows:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3441 * Modes for various languages:: |
25474 | 3442 @end menu |
3443 | |
3444 @node Finding Emacs on the Internet, Finding a package with particular functionality, Finding Emacs and related packages, Finding Emacs and related packages | |
3445 @section Where can I get Emacs on the net (or by snail mail)? | |
3446 @cindex Finding Emacs on the Internet | |
3447 @cindex Snail mail, ordering Emacs via | |
3448 @cindex Postal service, ordering Emacs via | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3449 @cindex Distribution, retrieving Emacs |
46918
82d113655734
Minor spelling and grammar corrections.
Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>
parents:
46655
diff
changeset
|
3450 @cindex Internet, retrieving from |
25474 | 3451 |
51449
352a8000c437
Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50954
diff
changeset
|
3452 Look in the files @file{etc/DISTRIB} and @file{etc/FTP} for |
352a8000c437
Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50954
diff
changeset
|
3453 information on nearby archive sites. If you don't already have Emacs, |
352a8000c437
Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50954
diff
changeset
|
3454 see @ref{Informational files for Emacs}, for how to get these files. |
25474 | 3455 |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
3456 @xref{Installing Emacs}, for information on how to obtain and build the latest |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3457 version of Emacs, and see @ref{Current GNU distributions}, for a list of |
25474 | 3458 archive sites that make GNU software available. |
3459 | |
3460 @node Finding a package with particular functionality, Packages that do not come with Emacs, Finding Emacs on the Internet, Finding Emacs and related packages | |
3461 @section How do I find a Emacs Lisp package that does XXX? | |
3462 @cindex Package, finding | |
3463 @cindex Finding an Emacs Lisp package | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3464 @cindex Functionality, finding a particular package |
25474 | 3465 |
3466 First of all, you should check to make sure that the package isn't | |
3467 already available. For example, typing @kbd{M-x apropos @key{RET} | |
3468 wordstar @key{RET}} lists all functions and variables containing the | |
3469 string @samp{wordstar}. | |
3470 | |
3471 It is also possible that the package is on your system, but has not been | |
3472 loaded. To see which packages are available for loading, look through | |
36383
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
3473 your computer's lisp directory (@pxref{File-name conventions}). The Lisp |
36344
6c3540ec3c12
(Finding a package with particular functionality):
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
36301
diff
changeset
|
3474 source to most packages contains a short description of how they |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3475 should be loaded, invoked, and configured---so before you use or |
25474 | 3476 modify a Lisp package, see if the author has provided any hints in the |
3477 source code. | |
3478 | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3479 The command @kbd{C-h p} (@code{finder-by-keyword}) allows you to browse |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3480 the constituent Emacs packages. |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3481 |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3482 For advice on how to find extra packages that are not part of Emacs, |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3483 see @ref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}. |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3484 |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3485 @node Packages that do not come with Emacs, Current GNU distributions, Finding a package with particular functionality, Finding Emacs and related packages |
25474 | 3486 @section Where can I get Emacs Lisp packages that don't come with Emacs? |
3487 @cindex Unbundled packages | |
3488 @cindex Finding other packages | |
3489 @cindex Lisp packages that do not come with Emacs | |
3490 @cindex Packages, those that do not come with Emacs | |
50791
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3491 @cindex Emacs Lisp List |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3492 @cindex Emacs Lisp Archive |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3493 |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3494 @uref{http://www.anc.ed.ac.uk/~stephen/emacs/ell.html, The Emacs Lisp |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3495 List (ELL)}, maintained by @email{stephen@@anc.ed.ac.uk, Stephen Eglen}, |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3496 aims to provide one compact list with links to all of the current Emacs |
70501
b31d4dcfe813
(Using regular expressions): Fix typo.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69693
diff
changeset
|
3497 Lisp files on the Internet. The ELL can be browsed over the web, or |
59996
aac0a33f5772
Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
59713
diff
changeset
|
3498 from Emacs with @uref{http://www.anc.ed.ac.uk/~stephen/emacs/ell.el, |
50791
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3499 the @file{ell} package}. |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3500 |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3501 Many authors post their packages to the @uref{news:gnu.emacs.sources, |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3502 Emacs sources newsgroup}. You can search the archives of this |
69133
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
3503 group with @uref{http://groups.google.com/group/gnu.emacs.sources, Google}, |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
3504 or @uref{http://dir.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.sources, Gmane}, for example. |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3505 |
50791
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3506 Several packages are stored in |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3507 @uref{http://emacswiki.org/elisp/, the Lisp area of the Emacs Wiki}. |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3508 |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3509 For a long time, the Emacs Lisp Archive provided a central repository |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3510 for Emacs packages. Sadly, it has not been active for some time, |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3511 although you can still access the old files at |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3512 |
69693
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
3513 @uref{http://www.club.cc.cmu.edu/pub/gnu/elisp-archive/} |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3514 |
69133
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
3515 Read the file @file{etc/MORE.STUFF} for more information about |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
3516 external packages. |
1c9e76acce59
(Common requests): Move `Turning on auto-fill by
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
69129
diff
changeset
|
3517 |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3518 @node Current GNU distributions, Difference between Emacs and XEmacs, Packages that do not come with Emacs, Finding Emacs and related packages |
25474 | 3519 @section Where can I get other up-to-date GNU stuff? |
3520 @cindex Current GNU distributions | |
3521 @cindex Sources for current GNU distributions | |
3522 @cindex Stuff, current GNU | |
3523 @cindex Up-to-date GNU stuff | |
3524 @cindex Finding current GNU software | |
3525 @cindex Official GNU software sites | |
3526 | |
3527 The most up-to-date official GNU software is normally kept at | |
3528 | |
3529 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu} | |
3530 | |
3531 Read the files @file{etc/DISTRIB} and @file{etc/FTP} for more | |
3532 information. | |
3533 | |
3534 A list of sites mirroring @samp{ftp.gnu.org} can be found at | |
3535 | |
3536 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/ftp.html} | |
3537 | |
3538 @node Difference between Emacs and XEmacs, Emacs for MS-DOS, Current GNU distributions, Finding Emacs and related packages | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3539 @section What is the difference between Emacs and XEmacs (formerly Lucid Emacs)? |
25474 | 3540 @cindex XEmacs |
3541 @cindex Difference Emacs and XEmacs | |
3542 @cindex Lucid Emacs | |
3543 @cindex Epoch | |
3544 | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3545 XEmacs is a branch version of Emacs. It was first called Lucid Emacs, |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3546 and was initially derived from a prerelease version of Emacs 19. In |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3547 this FAQ, we use the name ``Emacs'' only for the official version. |
56795
8dc694fe14f2
(Difference between Emacs and XEmacs): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56757
diff
changeset
|
3548 |
8dc694fe14f2
(Difference between Emacs and XEmacs): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56757
diff
changeset
|
3549 Emacs and XEmacs each come with Lisp packages that are lacking in the |
8dc694fe14f2
(Difference between Emacs and XEmacs): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56757
diff
changeset
|
3550 other. The two versions have some significant differences at the Lisp |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3551 programming level. Their current features are roughly comparable, |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3552 though the support for some operating systems, character sets and |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3553 specific packages might be quite different. |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3554 |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3555 Some XEmacs code has been contributed to Emacs, and we would like to |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3556 use other parts, but the earlier XEmacs maintainers did not always |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3557 keep track of the authors of contributed code, which makes it |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3558 impossible for the FSF to get copyright papers signed for that code. |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3559 (The FSF requires these papers for all the code included in the Emacs |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3560 release, aside from generic C support packages that retain their |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3561 separate identity and are not integrated into the code of Emacs |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3562 proper.) |
56802
f306b2e60578
(Difference between Emacs and XEmacs):
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56795
diff
changeset
|
3563 |
f306b2e60578
(Difference between Emacs and XEmacs):
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56795
diff
changeset
|
3564 If you want to talk about these two versions and distinguish them, |
f306b2e60578
(Difference between Emacs and XEmacs):
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56795
diff
changeset
|
3565 please call them ``Emacs'' and ``XEmacs.'' To contrast ``XEmacs'' |
f306b2e60578
(Difference between Emacs and XEmacs):
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56795
diff
changeset
|
3566 with ``GNU Emacs'' would be misleading, since XEmacs too has its |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3567 origin in the work of the GNU Project. Terms such as ``Emacsen'' and |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3568 ``(X)Emacs'' are not wrong, but they are not very clear, so it |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3569 is better to write ``Emacs and XEmacs.'' |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3570 |
25474 | 3571 @node Emacs for MS-DOS, Emacs for Windows, Difference between Emacs and XEmacs, Finding Emacs and related packages |
3572 @section Where can I get Emacs for my PC running MS-DOS? | |
3573 @cindex MS-DOS, Emacs for | |
3574 @cindex DOS, Emacs for | |
3575 @cindex Compiling Emacs for DOS | |
3576 @cindex Emacs for MS-DOS | |
3577 @cindex Tools needed to compile Emacs under DOS | |
3578 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3579 A pre-built binary distribution of Emacs is available from the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3580 SimTel.NET archives. This version apparently works under MS-DOS and |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3581 Windows (3.X, 9X, ME, NT, and 2000) and supports long file names under |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3582 Windows 9X, Windows ME, and Windows 2000. More information is available |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3583 from |
25474 | 3584 |
56833
3e8b1ce2675a
(Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
56817
diff
changeset
|
3585 @uref{ftp://ftp.delorie.com/pub/djgpp/current/v2gnu/emacs.README} |
25474 | 3586 |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3587 The binary itself is available in the files @file{em*.zip} in the |
25474 | 3588 directory |
3589 | |
56833
3e8b1ce2675a
(Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
56817
diff
changeset
|
3590 @uref{ftp://ftp.delorie.com/pub/djgpp/current/v2gnu/} |
25474 | 3591 |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
3592 If you prefer to compile Emacs for yourself, you can do so with the |
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
3593 current distribution directly. You will need a 386 (or |
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
3594 better) processor, and to be running MS-DOS 3.0 or later. According to |
56833
3e8b1ce2675a
(Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
56817
diff
changeset
|
3595 @email{eliz@@gnu.org, Eli Zaretskii} and |
25474 | 3596 @email{hankedr@@dms.auburn.edu, Darrel Hankerson}, you will need the |
3597 following: | |
3598 | |
3599 @table @emph | |
3600 | |
3601 @item Compiler | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3602 DJGPP version 1.12 maint 1 or later. Djgpp 2.0 or later is |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3603 recommended, since 1.x is very old an unmaintained. Djgpp 2 supports |
36383
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
3604 long file names on Windows 9X/ME/2K. |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3605 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3606 You can get the latest release of DJGPP by retrieving all of |
25474 | 3607 the files in |
3608 | |
56833
3e8b1ce2675a
(Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
56817
diff
changeset
|
3609 @uref{ftp://ftp.delorie.com/pub/djgpp/current/v2*} |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3610 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3611 @item Unpacking program |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3612 The easiest way is to use @code{djtar} which comes with DJGPP v2.x, |
25474 | 3613 because it can open gzip'ed tarfiles (i.e., those ending with |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3614 @file{.tar.gz}) in one step. @code{Djtar} comes in |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3615 @file{djdev@var{nnn}.zip} archive (where @var{nnn} is the DJGPP version |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3616 number), from the URL mentioned above. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3617 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3618 @strong{Warning!} Do @strong{not} use the popular WinZip program to |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3619 unpack the Emacs distribution! WinZip is known to corrupt some of the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3620 files by converting them to the DOS CR-LF format, it doesn't always |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3621 preserve the directory structure recorded in the compressed Emacs |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3622 archive, and commits other atrocities. Some of these problems could |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3623 actually prevent Emacs from building successfully! |
25474 | 3624 |
3625 @item make, mv, sed, and rm | |
3626 All of these utilities are available at | |
3627 | |
56833
3e8b1ce2675a
(Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
56817
diff
changeset
|
3628 @uref{ftp://ftp.delorie.com/pub/djgpp/current/v2gnu} |
25474 | 3629 |
3630 16-bit utilities can be found in GNUish, at | |
3631 | |
48785 | 3632 @uref{http://www.simtel.net/pub/gnuish/} |
25474 | 3633 |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3634 @noindent |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3635 (@code{mv} and @code{rm} are in the Fileutils package, @code{sed} and |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3636 @code{make} are each one in a separate package named after them.) |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3637 |
25474 | 3638 @end table |
3639 | |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3640 The files @file{INSTALL} (near its end) and @file{etc/PROBLEMS} in the |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3641 directory of the Emacs sources contains some additional information |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3642 regarding Emacs under MS-DOS. |
25474 | 3643 |
3644 For a list of other MS-DOS implementations of Emacs (and Emacs | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3645 look-alikes), consult the list of ``Emacs implementations and literature,'' |
25474 | 3646 available at |
3647 | |
3648 @uref{ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.emacs/} | |
3649 | |
3650 Note that while many of these programs look similar to Emacs, they often | |
3651 lack certain features, such as the Emacs Lisp extension language. | |
3652 | |
3653 @node Emacs for Windows, Emacs for OS/2, Emacs for MS-DOS, Finding Emacs and related packages | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
3654 @section Where can I get Emacs for Microsoft Windows? |
25474 | 3655 @cindex FAQ for NT Emacs |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3656 @cindex Emacs for MS-Windows |
25474 | 3657 @cindex Microsoft Windows, Emacs for |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3658 @cindex Windows 9X, ME, NT, 2K, and CE, Emacs for |
25474 | 3659 |
3660 For information on Emacs for Windows 95 and NT, read the FAQ produced by | |
69693
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
3661 @email{voelker@@cs.washington.edu, Geoff Voelker} and currently maintained |
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
3662 by @email{ramprasad_i82@@yahoo.com, Ramprasad B}, available at |
25474 | 3663 |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
3664 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/windows/ntemacs.html} |
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
3665 |
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
3666 @xref{Emacs for MS-DOS}, for Windows 3.1. |
25474 | 3667 |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3668 A port of Emacs 20.7 for Windows CE, based on NTEmacs, is available at |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3669 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3670 @uref{http://www.rainer-keuchel.de/software.html} |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3671 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3672 @noindent |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3673 This port was done by @email{coyxc@@rainer-keuchel.de, Rainer Keuchel}, |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3674 and supports all Emacs features except async subprocesses and menus. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3675 You will need MSVC 6.0 and a Windows CE SDK to build this port. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3676 |
25474 | 3677 @node Emacs for OS/2, Emacs for Atari ST, Emacs for Windows, Finding Emacs and related packages |
3678 @section Where can I get Emacs for my PC running OS/2? | |
3679 @cindex OS/2, Emacs for | |
3680 | |
35061
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3681 Emacs 20.6 is ported for emx on OS/2 2.0 or 2.1, and is available at |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3682 |
69693
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
3683 @uref{ftp://hobbes.nmsu.edu/pub/os2/apps/editors/emacs/} |
35061
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3684 |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3685 @noindent |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3686 and also at |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3687 |
69693
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
3688 @uref{http://www.dotemacs.de/os2/emacs.html} |
35061
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3689 |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3690 Instructions for installation, basic setup, and other useful information |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3691 for OS/2 users of Emacs can be found at |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3692 |
69693
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
3693 @uref{http://home.snafu.de/ohei/emacs/emacs206-os2.html} |
25474 | 3694 |
3695 @node Emacs for Atari ST, Emacs for the Amiga , Emacs for OS/2, Finding Emacs and related packages | |
3696 @section Where can I get Emacs for my Atari ST? | |
3697 @cindex Atari ST, Emacs for | |
3698 @cindex TOS, Emacs for | |
3699 | |
68836
f410cdb3c7e1
(Emacs for Atari ST): use Sch@"auble instead of
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents:
68735
diff
changeset
|
3700 Roland Sch@"auble reports that Emacs 18.58 running on plain TOS and MiNT |
25474 | 3701 is available at |
3702 @uref{ftp://atari.archive.umich.edu/Editors/Emacs-18-58/1858b-d3.zoo}. | |
3703 | |
3704 @node Emacs for the Amiga , Emacs for NeXTSTEP, Emacs for Atari ST, Finding Emacs and related packages | |
3705 @section Where can I get Emacs for my Amiga? | |
3706 @cindex Amiga, Emacs for | |
3707 | |
3708 The files you need are available at | |
3709 | |
3710 @uref{ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/pub/aminet/util/gnu/} | |
3711 | |
3712 @email{dgilbert@@gamiga.guelphnet.dweomer.org, David Gilbert} has released a | |
3713 beta version of Emacs 19.25 for the Amiga. You can get the binary at | |
3714 | |
3715 @uref{ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/pub/aminet/util/gnu/a2.0bEmacs-bin.lha} | |
3716 | |
3717 @node Emacs for NeXTSTEP, Emacs for Apple computers, Emacs for the Amiga , Finding Emacs and related packages | |
3718 @section Where can I get Emacs for NeXTSTEP? | |
3719 @cindex NeXTSTEP, Emacs for | |
3720 | |
3721 Emacs.app is a NeXTSTEP version of Emacs 19.34 which supports colors, | |
3722 menus, and multiple frames. You can get it from | |
3723 | |
69693
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
3724 @uref{ftp://next-ftp.peak.org/pub/next-ftp/next/apps/emacs/Emacs_for_NeXTstep.4.20a1.NIHS.b.tar.gz} |
25474 | 3725 |
3726 @node Emacs for Apple computers, Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Emacs for NeXTSTEP, Finding Emacs and related packages | |
3727 @section Where can I get Emacs for my Apple computer? | |
3728 @cindex Apple computers, Emacs for | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3729 @cindex Macintosh, Emacs for |
25474 | 3730 |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3731 Beginning with version 21.1, the Macintosh is supported in the official |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3732 Emacs distribution; see the files @file{mac/README} and |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3733 @file{mac/INSTALL} in the Emacs distribution for build instructions. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3734 |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
3735 Beginning with version 22.1, Emacs supports Mac OS X natively. |
25474 | 3736 |
3737 @node Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Modes for various languages, Emacs for Apple computers, Finding Emacs and related packages | |
3738 @section Where do I get Emacs that runs on VMS under DECwindows? | |
3739 @cindex DECwindows, Emacs for | |
3740 @cindex VMS, Emacs for | |
3741 | |
3742 Up-to-date information about GNU software (including Emacs) for VMS is | |
69693
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
3743 available at @uref{http://www.lp.se/gnu-vms/}. |
25474 | 3744 |
69129
23ad987a0092
(Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
68950
diff
changeset
|
3745 @node Modes for various languages, , Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Finding Emacs and related packages |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3746 @section Where can I get modes for Lex, Yacc/Bison, Bourne shell, csh, C@t{++}, Objective-C, Pascal, Java, and Awk? |
25474 | 3747 @cindex Awk, mode for |
3748 @cindex @code{awk-mode} | |
3749 @cindex Bison, mode for | |
3750 @cindex Bourne Shell, mode for | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3751 @cindex C@t{++}, mode for |
25474 | 3752 @cindex Java, mode for |
3753 @cindex Lex mode | |
3754 @cindex Objective-C, mode for | |
3755 @cindex @code{pascal-mode} | |
3756 @cindex Shell mode | |
3757 @cindex Yacc mode | |
3758 @cindex @file{csh} mode | |
3759 @cindex @code{sh-mode} | |
3760 @cindex @code{cc-mode} | |
3761 | |
3762 Most of these modes are now available in standard Emacs distribution. | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3763 To get additional modes, see @ref{Finding a package with particular |
59996
aac0a33f5772
Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
59713
diff
changeset
|
3764 functionality}. |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3765 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3766 Barry Warsaw's @code{cc-mode} now works for C, C@t{++}, Objective-C, and |
50791
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3767 Java code. It is distributed with Emacs, but has |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3768 @uref{http://cc-mode.sourceforge.net/, its own homepage}. |
25474 | 3769 |
3770 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ | |
3771 @node Major packages and programs, Key bindings, Finding Emacs and related packages, Top | |
3772 @chapter Major packages and programs | |
3773 @cindex Major packages and programs | |
3774 | |
3775 @menu | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3776 * VM:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3777 * Supercite:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3778 * Calc:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3779 * VIPER:: |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3780 * AUCTeX:: |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3781 * BBDB:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3782 * Ispell:: |
69693
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
3783 * Emacs/W3:: |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3784 * EDB:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3785 * Mailcrypt:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3786 * JDE:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3787 * Patch:: |
25474 | 3788 @end menu |
3789 | |
3790 @node VM, Supercite, Major packages and programs, Major packages and programs | |
3791 @section VM (View Mail) --- another mail reader within Emacs, with MIME support | |
3792 @cindex VM | |
3793 @cindex Alternative mail software | |
3794 @cindex View Mail | |
3795 @cindex E-mail reader, VM | |
3796 | |
3797 @table @b | |
3798 | |
3799 @item Author | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3800 @email{kyle_jones@@wonderworks.com, Kyle Jones} |
25474 | 3801 |
3802 @item Latest version | |
68657
e0aafc27ed28
(VM): VM now at version 7.19.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68639
diff
changeset
|
3803 7.19 |
25474 | 3804 |
3805 @item Distribution | |
3806 @uref{ftp://ftp.wonderworks.com/pub/vm/vm.tar.gz} | |
3807 | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3808 @item Informational newsgroup |
25474 | 3809 @uref{news:gnu.emacs.vm.info}@* |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3810 |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3811 @item Bug reports newsgroup |
25474 | 3812 @uref{news:gnu.emacs.vm.bug}@* |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3813 Or send reports to @email{bug-vm@@wonderworks.com} |
25474 | 3814 @end table |
3815 | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3816 VM 7 works well with Emacs 21. Older versions of VM suitable for use |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3817 with older versions of Emacs are available from |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3818 @uref{ftp://ftp.wonderworks.com/pub/vm/, the same FTP site}. |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3819 |
25474 | 3820 |
3821 @node Supercite, Calc, VM, Major packages and programs | |
3822 @section Supercite --- mail and news citation package within Emacs | |
3823 @cindex Supercite | |
3824 @cindex Superyank | |
3825 @cindex Mail and news citations | |
3826 @cindex News and mail citations | |
3827 @cindex Citations in mail and news | |
3828 | |
3829 @table @b | |
3830 | |
3831 @item Author | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3832 @email{barry@@python.org, Barry Warsaw} |
25474 | 3833 |
3834 @item Latest version | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3835 3.54 (comes bundled with Emacs since version 20) |
25474 | 3836 |
3837 @item Distribution | |
3838 @uref{http://www.python.org/emacs/supercite.tar.gz} | |
3839 | |
3840 @item Mailing list | |
3841 Subscription requests to @email{supercite-request@@python.org}@* | |
3842 Submissions @email{supercite@@python.org} | |
3843 | |
3844 @end table | |
3845 | |
3846 Superyank is an old version of Supercite. | |
3847 | |
3848 @node Calc, VIPER, Supercite, Major packages and programs | |
3849 @section Calc --- poor man's Mathematica within Emacs | |
3850 @cindex Programmable calculator | |
3851 @cindex Calc | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3852 @cindex Mathematical package |
25474 | 3853 |
3854 @table @b | |
3855 | |
3856 @item Author | |
3857 @email{daveg@@csvax.cs.caltech.edu, Dave Gillespie} | |
3858 | |
3859 @item Latest version | |
67543
afe4c3f8dfeb
(Calc): Update the version number.
Jay Belanger <jay.p.belanger@gmail.com>
parents:
67483
diff
changeset
|
3860 2.1 (part of Emacs since version 22.1) |
25474 | 3861 |
3862 @item Distribution | |
56757
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3863 No separate distribution outside of Emacs. Older versions |
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3864 are available at @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/calc/}. |
25474 | 3865 |
3866 @end table | |
3867 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3868 Note that Calc 2.02f needs patching to work with Emacs 21 and later. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3869 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3870 @cindex @code{calculator}, a package |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3871 Emacs 21.1 and later comes with a package called @file{calculator.el}. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3872 It doesn't support all the mathematical wizardry offered by Calc, such |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3873 as matrices, special functions, and statistics, but is more than |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3874 adequate as a replacement for @code{xcalc} and similar programs. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3875 |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3876 @node VIPER, AUCTeX, Calc, Major packages and programs |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3877 @section VIPER --- @code{vi} emulation for Emacs |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3878 @cindex @code{vi} emulation |
25474 | 3879 @cindex VIPER |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3880 @cindex Emulation of @code{vi} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3881 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3882 Since Emacs 19.29, the preferred @code{vi} emulation in Emacs is VIPER |
25474 | 3883 (@kbd{M-x viper-mode @key{RET}}), which comes with Emacs. It extends |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3884 and supersedes VIP (including VIP 4.3) and provides @code{vi} emulation |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3885 at several levels, from one that closely follows @code{vi} to one that |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3886 departs from @code{vi} in several significant ways. |
25474 | 3887 |
3888 For Emacs 19.28 and earlier, the following version of VIP is generally | |
3889 better than the one distributed with Emacs: | |
3890 | |
3891 @table @b | |
3892 @item Author | |
3893 @email{sane@@cs.uiuc.edu, Aamod Sane} | |
3894 | |
3895 @item Latest version | |
3896 4.3 | |
3897 | |
3898 @item Distribution | |
69693
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
3899 @uref{ftp://www.club.cc.cmu.edu/pub/gnu/elisp-archive/modes/vip-mode.tar.Z} |
25474 | 3900 |
3901 @end table | |
3902 | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3903 @node AUCTeX, BBDB, VIPER, Major packages and programs |
56757
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3904 @section AUC@TeX{} --- enhanced @TeX{} modes with debugging facilities |
25474 | 3905 @cindex Mode for @TeX{} |
3906 @cindex @TeX{} mode | |
56757
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3907 @cindex AUC@TeX{} mode for editing @TeX{} |
25474 | 3908 @cindex Writing and debugging @TeX{} |
3909 | |
56757
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3910 AUC@TeX{} is a set of sophisticated major modes for @TeX{}, LaTeX, |
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3911 ConTeXt, and Texinfo offering context-sensitive syntax highlighting, |
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3912 indentation, formatting and folding, macro completion, @TeX{} shell |
67691
5e3db5999d74
(AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
67576
diff
changeset
|
3913 functionality, and debugging. Be also sure to check out |
5e3db5999d74
(AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
67576
diff
changeset
|
3914 @ref{Introduction, RefTeX, Introduction, reftex, Ref@TeX{} User Manual}. |
5e3db5999d74
(AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
67576
diff
changeset
|
3915 Current versions of AUC@TeX{} include the |
5e3db5999d74
(AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
67576
diff
changeset
|
3916 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/auctex/preview-latex,preview-latex} |
5e3db5999d74
(AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
67576
diff
changeset
|
3917 package for WYSIWYG previews of various LaTeX constructs in the Emacs |
5e3db5999d74
(AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
67576
diff
changeset
|
3918 source buffer. |
56757
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3919 |
25474 | 3920 @table @b |
3921 | |
3922 @item Authors | |
56757
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3923 @email{krab@@iesd.auc.dk, Kresten Krab Thorup}, @* |
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3924 @email{abraham@@dina.kvl.dk, Per Abrahamsen}, @* and others. |
25474 | 3925 |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3926 @item Maintainer |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3927 @email{dak@@gnu.org, David Kastrup} |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3928 |
25474 | 3929 @item Latest version |
67691
5e3db5999d74
(AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
67576
diff
changeset
|
3930 11.82 |
25474 | 3931 |
3932 @item Distribution | |
56757
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3933 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/auctex/} |
25474 | 3934 |
3935 @item Web site | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3936 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/auctex/} |
25474 | 3937 |
3938 @item Mailing list: | |
67691
5e3db5999d74
(AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
67576
diff
changeset
|
3939 Subscription requests to @email{auctex-request@@gnu.org}@* |
5e3db5999d74
(AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
67576
diff
changeset
|
3940 Submissions to @email{auctex@@gnu.org} |
25474 | 3941 |
3942 @end table | |
3943 | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3944 @node BBDB, Ispell, AUCTeX, Major packages and programs |
25474 | 3945 @section BBDB --- personal Info Rolodex integrated with mail/news readers |
3946 @cindex BBDB | |
3947 @cindex Rolodex-like functionality | |
3948 @cindex Integrated contact database | |
3949 @cindex Contact database | |
3950 @cindex Big Brother Database | |
3951 @cindex Address book | |
3952 | |
3953 @table @b | |
3954 | |
3955 @item Maintainer | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3956 @email{waider@@waider.ie, Ronan Waide} |
25474 | 3957 |
3958 @item Latest version | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3959 2.34 |
25474 | 3960 |
3961 @item Distribution | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3962 @uref{http://bbdb.sourceforge.net/} |
25474 | 3963 |
3964 @item Mailing lists | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3965 Subscription requests to @email{bbdb-info-request@@lists.sourceforge.net}@* |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3966 Submissions to @email{bbdb-info@@lists.sourceforge.net}@* |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3967 Release announcements: @email{bbdb-announce-request@@lists.sourceforge.net} |
25474 | 3968 |
3969 @end table | |
3970 | |
69693
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
3971 @node Ispell, Emacs/W3, BBDB, Major packages and programs |
25474 | 3972 @section Ispell --- spell checker in C with interface for Emacs |
3973 @cindex Spell-checker | |
3974 @cindex Checking spelling | |
3975 @cindex Ispell | |
3976 | |
3977 @table @b | |
3978 | |
3979 @item Author | |
69693
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
3980 @email{geoff@@cs.hmc.edu, Geoff Kuenning} |
25474 | 3981 |
3982 @item Latest version | |
69693
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
3983 3.3.02 |
25474 | 3984 |
3985 @item Distribution | |
69693
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
3986 @uref{http://fmg-www.cs.ucla.edu/geoff/tars/ispell-3.3.02.tar.gz}@* |
25474 | 3987 |
3988 @item Web site | |
3989 @uref{http://fmg-www.cs.ucla.edu/geoff/ispell.html} | |
3990 | |
3991 @end table | |
3992 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3993 This Ispell program is distinct from GNU Ispell 4.0. GNU Ispell 4.0 is |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3994 no longer a supported product. |
25474 | 3995 |
69693
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
3996 @node Emacs/W3, EDB, Ispell, Major packages and programs |
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
3997 @section Emacs/W3 --- A World Wide Web browser inside of Emacs |
25474 | 3998 @cindex WWW browser |
3999 @cindex Web browser | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4000 @cindex HTML browser in Emacs |
25474 | 4001 @cindex @code{w3-mode} |
4002 | |
4003 @table @b | |
4004 | |
4005 @item Author | |
69693
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
4006 @email{wmperry@@gnu.org, Bill Perry} |
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
4007 |
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
4008 @item Maintainer |
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
4009 Emacs/W3 needs a maintainer. It has lain dormant for several years. If |
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
4010 you would like to take over the project, please contact |
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
4011 @email{maintainers@@gnu.org}. |
25474 | 4012 |
4013 @item Latest version | |
69693
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
4014 4.0pre.47 |
25474 | 4015 |
4016 @item Distribution | |
69693
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
4017 @uref{http://savannah.gnu.org/projects/w3} |
25474 | 4018 |
4019 @item Mailing lists | |
69693
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
4020 Receive announcements from @email{w3-announce@@gnu.org}@* |
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
4021 Help to develop Emacs/W3 at @email{w3-dev@@gnu.org} |
25474 | 4022 |
4023 @end table | |
4024 | |
69693
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
4025 @node EDB, Mailcrypt, Emacs/W3, Major packages and programs |
25474 | 4026 @section EDB --- Database program for Emacs; replaces forms editing modes |
4027 @cindex EDB | |
4028 @cindex Database | |
4029 @cindex Forms mode | |
4030 | |
4031 @table @b | |
4032 @item Author | |
4033 @email{mernst@@theory.lcs.mit.edu, Michael Ernst} | |
4034 | |
4035 @item Latest version | |
4036 1.21 | |
4037 | |
4038 @item Distribution | |
4039 @uref{ftp://theory.lcs.mit.edu/pub/emacs/edb} | |
4040 | |
4041 @end table | |
4042 | |
4043 @node Mailcrypt, JDE, EDB, Major packages and programs | |
4044 @section Mailcrypt --- PGP interface within Emacs mail and news | |
4045 @cindex PGP | |
4046 @cindex GPG | |
4047 @cindex Interface to PGP from Emacs mail and news | |
4048 @cindex News, interface to PGP from | |
4049 @cindex Mail, interface to PGP from | |
4050 @cindex Encryption software, interface to | |
4051 | |
4052 @table @b | |
4053 | |
4054 @item Authors | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4055 @email{patl@@lcs.mit.edu, Patrick J. LoPresti} and |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4056 @email{jin@@atype.com, Jin S. Choi} |
25474 | 4057 |
4058 @item Maintainer | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
4059 @email{warner-mailcrypt@@lothar.com, Brian Warner} |
25474 | 4060 |
4061 @item Latest version | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
4062 3.5.8 |
25474 | 4063 |
4064 @item Distribution | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
4065 @uref{http://dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/mailcrypt/mailcrypt-3.5.8.tar.gz} |
25474 | 4066 |
4067 @item Web site | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
4068 @uref{http://mailcrypt.sourceforge.net/} |
25474 | 4069 |
4070 @end table | |
4071 | |
69693
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
4072 Note that a new package called PGG is bundled with Emacs starting with |
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
4073 version 22.1. It is a modern interface to various PGP implementations, |
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
4074 including @uref{http://www.gnupg.org/, The GNU Privacy Guard} and |
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
4075 supports symmetric encryption. |
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
4076 |
25474 | 4077 @node JDE, Patch, Mailcrypt, Major packages and programs |
4078 @section JDE --- Integrated development environment for Java | |
4079 @cindex Java development environment | |
4080 @cindex Integrated Java development environment | |
4081 @cindex JDE | |
4082 | |
4083 @table @b | |
4084 | |
4085 @item Author | |
4086 @email{paulk@@mathworks.com, Paul Kinnucan} | |
4087 | |
4088 @item Latest version | |
69693
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
4089 2.3.5 |
25474 | 4090 |
4091 @item Web site | |
69693
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
4092 @uref{http://jdee.sunsite.dk/} |
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
4093 |
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
4094 @item Mailing lists |
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
4095 Subscription requests to @email{jde-subscribe@@sunsite.dk}@* |
a897d613866b
(Emacs/W3): Rename from `w3-mode'. Mention that
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
69681
diff
changeset
|
4096 Receive announcements from @email{jde-announce-subscribe@@sunsite.dk} |
25474 | 4097 |
4098 @end table | |
4099 | |
4100 @node Patch, , JDE, Major packages and programs | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
4101 @section Patch --- program to apply ``diffs'' for updating files |
25474 | 4102 @cindex Updating files with diffs |
4103 @cindex Patching source files with diffs | |
4104 @cindex Diffs and patching | |
4105 @cindex @file{patch} | |
4106 | |
4107 @table @b | |
4108 | |
4109 @item Author | |
4110 @email{lwall@@wall.org, Larry Wall} (with GNU modifications) | |
4111 | |
4112 @item Latest version | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4113 2.5.4 |
25474 | 4114 |
4115 @item Distribution | |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
4116 @xref{Current GNU distributions}. |
25474 | 4117 |
4118 @end table | |
4119 | |
4120 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ | |
4121 @node Key bindings, Alternate character sets, Major packages and programs, Top | |
4122 @chapter Key bindings | |
4123 @cindex Key bindings | |
4124 | |
4125 @menu | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4126 * Binding keys to commands:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4127 * Invalid prefix characters:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4128 * Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4129 * Using function keys under X:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4130 * Working with function and arrow keys:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4131 * X key translations for Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4132 * Handling C-s and C-q with flow control:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4133 * Binding C-s and C-q:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4134 * Backspace invokes help:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4135 * stty and Backspace key:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4136 * Swapping keys:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4137 * Producing C-XXX with the keyboard:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4138 * No Meta key:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4139 * No Escape key:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4140 * Compose Character:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4141 * Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4142 * Meta key does not work in xterm:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4143 * ExtendChar key does not work as Meta:: |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4144 * SPC no longer completes file names:: |
25474 | 4145 @end menu |
4146 | |
4147 @node Binding keys to commands, Invalid prefix characters, Key bindings, Key bindings | |
4148 @section How do I bind keys (including function keys) to commands? | |
4149 @cindex Binding keys to commands | |
4150 @cindex Keys, binding to commands | |
4151 @cindex Commands, binding keys to | |
4152 | |
4153 Keys can be bound to commands either interactively or in your | |
4154 @file{.emacs} file. To interactively bind keys for all modes, type | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4155 @kbd{M-x global-set-key @key{RET} @var{key} @var{cmd} @key{RET}}. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4156 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4157 To bind a key just in the current major mode, type @kbd{M-x |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4158 local-set-key @key{RET} @var{key} @var{cmd} @key{RET}}. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4159 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4160 @inforef{Key Bindings, Key Bindings, emacs}, for further details. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4161 |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4162 To make the process of binding keys interactively easier, use the |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4163 following ``trick'': First bind the key interactively, then immediately |
25474 | 4164 type @kbd{C-x @key{ESC} @key{ESC} C-a C-k C-g}. Now, the command needed |
4165 to bind the key is in the kill ring, and can be yanked into your | |
4166 @file{.emacs} file. If the key binding is global, no changes to the | |
4167 command are required. For example, | |
4168 | |
4169 @lisp | |
4170 (global-set-key (quote [f1]) (quote help-for-help)) | |
4171 @end lisp | |
4172 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4173 @noindent |
25474 | 4174 can be placed directly into the @file{.emacs} file. If the key binding is |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
4175 local, the command is used in conjunction with the @samp{add-hook} function. |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
4176 For example, in TeX mode, a local binding might be |
25474 | 4177 |
4178 @lisp | |
4179 (add-hook 'tex-mode-hook | |
28344
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
4180 (lambda () |
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
4181 (local-set-key (quote [f1]) (quote help-for-help)))) |
25474 | 4182 @end lisp |
4183 | |
4184 | |
4185 @itemize @bullet | |
4186 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4187 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4188 Control characters in key sequences, in the form yanked from the kill |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4189 ring are given in their graphic form---i.e., @key{CTRL} is shown as |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4190 @samp{^}, @key{TAB} as a set of spaces (usually 8), etc. You may want |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4191 to convert these into their vector or string forms. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4192 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4193 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4194 If a prefix key of the character sequence to be bound is already |
25474 | 4195 bound as a complete key, then you must unbind it before the new |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4196 binding. For example, if @kbd{ESC @{} is previously bound: |
25474 | 4197 |
4198 @lisp | |
4199 (global-unset-key [?\e ?@{]) ;; or | |
4200 (local-unset-key [?\e ?@{]) | |
4201 @end lisp | |
4202 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4203 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4204 Aside from commands and ``lambda lists,'' a vector or string also |
25474 | 4205 can be bound to a key and thus treated as a macro. For example: |
4206 | |
4207 @lisp | |
4208 (global-set-key [f10] [?\C-x?\e?\e?\C-a?\C-k?\C-g]) ;; or | |
4209 (global-set-key [f10] "\C-x\e\e\C-a\C-k\C-g") | |
4210 @end lisp | |
4211 | |
4212 @end itemize | |
4213 | |
4214 @node Invalid prefix characters, Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun, Binding keys to commands, Key bindings | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
4215 @section Why does Emacs say @samp{Key sequence XXX uses invalid prefix characters}? |
25474 | 4216 @cindex Prefix characters, invalid |
4217 @cindex Invalid prefix characters | |
4218 @cindex Misspecified key sequences | |
4219 | |
4220 Usually, one of two things has happened. In one case, the control | |
4221 character in the key sequence has been misspecified (e.g. @samp{C-f} | |
4222 used instead of @samp{\C-f} within a Lisp expression). In the other | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4223 case, a @dfn{prefix key} in the keystroke sequence you were trying to bind |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4224 was already bound as a @dfn{complete key}. Historically, the @samp{ESC [} |
25474 | 4225 prefix was usually the problem, in which case you should evaluate either |
4226 of these forms before attempting to bind the key sequence: | |
4227 | |
4228 @lisp | |
4229 (global-unset-key [?\e ?[]) ;; or | |
4230 (global-unset-key "\e[") | |
4231 @end lisp | |
4232 | |
4233 @node Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun, Using function keys under X, Invalid prefix characters, Key bindings | |
4234 @section Why doesn't this [terminal or window-system setup] code work in my @file{.emacs} file, but it works just fine after Emacs starts up? | |
4235 @cindex Terminal setup code in @file{.emacs} | |
4236 | |
4237 During startup, Emacs initializes itself according to a given code/file | |
4238 order. If some of the code executed in your @file{.emacs} file needs to | |
4239 be postponed until the initial terminal or window-system setup code has | |
4240 been executed but is not, then you will experience this problem (this | |
4241 code/file execution order is not enforced after startup). | |
4242 | |
4243 To postpone the execution of Emacs Lisp code until after terminal or | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4244 window-system setup, treat the code as a @dfn{lambda list} and set the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4245 value of either the @code{term-setup-hook} or @code{window-setup-hook} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4246 variable to this lambda function. For example, |
25474 | 4247 |
4248 @lisp | |
28344
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
4249 (add-hook 'term-setup-hook |
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
4250 (lambda () |
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
4251 (when (string-match "\\`vt220" (or (getenv "TERM") "")) |
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
4252 ;; Make vt220's "Do" key behave like M-x: |
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
4253 (global-set-key [do] 'execute-extended-command)))) |
25474 | 4254 @end lisp |
4255 | |
4256 For information on what Emacs does every time it is started, see the | |
4257 @file{lisp/startup.el} file. | |
4258 | |
4259 @node Using function keys under X, Working with function and arrow keys, Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun, Key bindings | |
35188
94d46968a93f
Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35061
diff
changeset
|
4260 @section How do I use function keys under X? |
25474 | 4261 @cindex Function keys |
35188
94d46968a93f
Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35061
diff
changeset
|
4262 @cindex X Window System and function keys |
25474 | 4263 @cindex Binding function keys |
4264 | |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
4265 With Emacs 19, functions keys under X are bound like any other key. @xref{Binding keys to commands}, for details. |
25474 | 4266 |
4267 @node Working with function and arrow keys, X key translations for Emacs, Using function keys under X, Key bindings | |
4268 @section How do I tell what characters or symbols my function or arrow keys emit? | |
4269 @cindex Working with arrow keys | |
4270 @cindex Arrow keys, symbols generated by | |
4271 @cindex Working with function keys | |
4272 @cindex Function keys, symbols generated by | |
4273 @cindex Symbols generated by function keys | |
4274 | |
4275 Type @kbd{C-h c} then the function or arrow keys. The command will | |
4276 return either a function key symbol or character sequence (see the | |
4277 Emacs on-line documentation for an explanation). This works for other | |
4278 keys as well. | |
4279 | |
4280 @node X key translations for Emacs, Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Working with function and arrow keys, Key bindings | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4281 @section How do I set the X key ``translations'' for Emacs? |
25474 | 4282 @cindex X key translations |
4283 @cindex Key translations under X | |
4284 @cindex Translations for keys under X | |
4285 | |
4286 Emacs is not written using the Xt library by default, so there are no | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4287 ``translations'' to be set. (We aren't sure how to set such translations |
25474 | 4288 if you do build Emacs with Xt; please let us know if you've done this!) |
4289 | |
4290 The only way to affect the behavior of keys within Emacs is through | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4291 @code{xmodmap} (outside Emacs) or @code{define-key} (inside Emacs). The |
25474 | 4292 @code{define-key} command should be used in conjunction with the |
4293 @code{function-key-map} map. For instance, | |
4294 | |
4295 @lisp | |
4296 (define-key function-key-map [M-@key{TAB}] [?\M-\t]) | |
4297 @end lisp | |
4298 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4299 @noindent |
25474 | 4300 defines the @kbd{M-@key{TAB}} key sequence. |
4301 | |
4302 @node Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q, X key translations for Emacs, Key bindings | |
4303 @section How do I handle @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} being used for flow control? | |
4304 @cindex Flow control, @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} with | |
4305 @cindex @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} with flow control | |
4306 | |
4307 @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} are used in the XON/XOFF flow control protocol. | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4308 This messes things up when you're using Emacs over a serial line, |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4309 because Emacs binds these keys to commands by default. Because Emacs |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4310 won't honor them as flow control characters, too many of these |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4311 characters are not passed on and overwhelm output buffers. Sometimes, |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4312 intermediate software using XON/XOFF flow control will prevent Emacs |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4313 from ever seeing @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}. |
25474 | 4314 |
4315 Possible solutions: | |
4316 | |
4317 @itemize @bullet | |
4318 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4319 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4320 Disable the use of @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} for flow control. |
25474 | 4321 |
4322 You need to determine the cause of the flow control. | |
4323 | |
4324 @itemize @minus | |
4325 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4326 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4327 your terminal |
25474 | 4328 |
4329 Your terminal may use XON/XOFF flow control to have time to display | |
4330 all the characters it receives. For example, VT series terminals do | |
4331 this. It may be possible to turn this off from a setup menu. For | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4332 example, on a VT220 you may select ``No XOFF'' in the setup menu. This |
25474 | 4333 is also true for some terminal emulation programs on PCs. |
4334 | |
4335 When you turn off flow control at the terminal, you will also need to | |
4336 turn it off at the other end, which might be at the computer you are | |
4337 logged in to or at some terminal server in between. | |
4338 | |
4339 If you turn off flow control, characters may be lost; using a printer | |
4340 connected to the terminal may fail. You may be able to get around | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4341 this problem by modifying the @samp{termcap} entry for your terminal to |
25474 | 4342 include extra NUL padding characters. |
4343 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4344 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4345 a modem |
25474 | 4346 |
4347 If you are using a dialup connection, the modems may be using | |
4348 XON/XOFF flow control. It's not clear how to get around this. | |
4349 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4350 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4351 a router or terminal server |
25474 | 4352 |
4353 Some network box between the terminal and your computer may be using | |
4354 XON/XOFF flow control. It may be possible to make it use some other | |
4355 kind of flow control. You will probably have to ask your local | |
4356 network experts for help with this. | |
4357 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4358 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4359 @code{tty} and/or @code{pty} devices |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4360 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4361 If your connection to Emacs goes through multiple @code{tty} and/or |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4362 @code{pty} devices, they may be using XON/XOFF flow control even when it |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4363 is not necessary. |
25474 | 4364 |
4365 @email{eirik@@theory.tn.cornell.edu, Eirik Fuller} writes: | |
4366 | |
4367 @quotation | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4368 Some versions of @code{rlogin} (and possibly @code{telnet}) do not pass |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4369 flow control characters to the remote system to which they connect. On |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4370 such systems, Emacs on the remote system cannot disable flow control on |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4371 the local system. Sometimes @samp{rlogin -8} will avoid this problem. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4372 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4373 One way to cure this is to disable flow control on the local host (the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4374 one running @code{rlogin}, not the one running @code{rlogind}) using the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4375 @code{stty} command, before starting the @code{rlogin} process. On many |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4376 systems, @samp{stty start u stop u} will do this. |
25474 | 4377 |
4378 Some versions of @samp{tcsh} will prevent even this from working. One | |
4379 way around this is to start another shell before starting rlogin, | |
4380 and issue the @samp{stty} command to disable flow control from that shell. | |
4381 @end quotation | |
4382 | |
4383 Use @samp{stty -ixon} instead of @samp{stty start u stop u} on some systems. | |
4384 | |
4385 @end itemize | |
4386 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4387 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4388 Make Emacs speak the XON/XOFF flow control protocol. |
25474 | 4389 |
4390 You can make Emacs treat @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} as flow control characters by | |
4391 evaluating the form | |
4392 | |
4393 @lisp | |
4394 (enable-flow-control) | |
4395 @end lisp | |
4396 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4397 @noindent |
25474 | 4398 to unconditionally enable flow control or |
4399 | |
4400 @lisp | |
4401 (enable-flow-control-on "vt100" "h19") | |
4402 @end lisp | |
4403 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4404 @noindent |
25474 | 4405 (using your terminal names instead of @samp{vt100} or @samp{h19}) to |
4406 enable selectively. These commands will automatically swap @kbd{C-s} | |
4407 and @kbd{C-q} to @kbd{C-\} and @kbd{C-^}. Variables can be used to | |
4408 change the default swap keys (@code{flow-control-c-s-replacement} and | |
4409 @code{flow-control-c-q-replacement}). | |
4410 | |
4411 If you are fixing this for yourself, simply put the form in your | |
4412 @file{.emacs} file. If you are fixing this for your entire site, the | |
37597
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4413 best place to put it is in the @file{site-lisp/site-start.el} file. |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4414 (Here @file{site-lisp} is actually a subdirectory of your Emacs |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4415 installation directory, typically @file{/usr/local/share/emacs}.) |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4416 Putting this form in @file{site-lisp/default.el} has the problem that |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4417 if the user's @file{.emacs} file has an error, this will prevent |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4418 @file{default.el} from being loaded and Emacs may be unusable for the |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4419 user, even for correcting their @file{.emacs} file (unless they're |
25474 | 4420 smart enough to move it to another name). |
4421 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4422 @code{enable-flow-control} can be invoked interactively as well: |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4423 @kbd{M-x enable-flow-control @key{RET}}. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4424 |
25474 | 4425 @end itemize |
4426 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4427 For further discussion of this issue, read the file @file{etc/PROBLEMS} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4428 (in the Emacs source directory when you unpack the Emacs distribution). |
25474 | 4429 |
4430 @node Binding C-s and C-q, Backspace invokes help, Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Key bindings | |
4431 @section How do I bind @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} (or any key) if these keys are filtered out? | |
4432 @cindex Binding @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} | |
4433 @cindex @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}, binding | |
4434 | |
4435 To bind @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}, use either @code{enable-flow-control} | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4436 or @code{enable-flow-control-on}. @xref{Handling C-s and C-q with flow |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
4437 control}, for usage and implementation details. |
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
4438 |
37597
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4439 To bind other keys, use @code{keyboard-translate}. @xref{Swapping |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4440 keys}, for usage details. To do this for an entire site, you should |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4441 swap the keys in @file{site-lisp/site-start.el}. @xref{Handling C-s |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4442 and C-q with flow control}, for an explanation of why |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4443 @file{site-lisp/default.el} should not be used. |
25474 | 4444 |
4445 @itemize @bullet | |
4446 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4447 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4448 If you do this for an entire site, the users will be confused by |
25474 | 4449 the disparity between what the documentation says and how Emacs |
4450 actually behaves. | |
4451 | |
4452 @end itemize | |
4453 | |
4454 @node Backspace invokes help, stty and Backspace key, Binding C-s and C-q, Key bindings | |
4455 @section Why does the @key{Backspace} key invoke help? | |
4456 @cindex Backspace key invokes help | |
4457 @cindex Help invoked by Backspace | |
39502
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4458 @cindex DEL key does not delete |
25474 | 4459 |
52979
3649390c0f91
Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
4460 The @key{Backspace} key (on most keyboards) generates @acronym{ASCII} code 8. |
25474 | 4461 @kbd{C-h} sends the same code. In Emacs by default @kbd{C-h} invokes |
4462 help-command. This is intended to be easy to remember since the first | |
4463 letter of @samp{help} is @samp{h}. The easiest solution to this problem | |
4464 is to use @kbd{C-h} (and @key{Backspace}) for help and @key{DEL} (the | |
4465 @key{Delete} key) for deleting the previous character. | |
4466 | |
4467 For many people this solution may be problematic: | |
4468 | |
4469 @itemize @bullet | |
4470 | |
4471 @item | |
4472 They normally use @key{Backspace} outside of Emacs for deleting the | |
4473 previous character. This can be solved by making @key{DEL} the command | |
4474 for deleting the previous character outside of Emacs. On many Unix | |
4475 systems, this command will remap @key{DEL}: | |
4476 | |
4477 @example | |
4478 stty erase `^?' | |
4479 @end example | |
4480 | |
4481 @item | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4482 The user may prefer the @key{Backspace} key for deleting the |
25474 | 4483 previous character because it is more conveniently located on their |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4484 keyboard or because they don't even have a separate @key{Delete} key. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4485 In this case, the @key{Backspace} key should be made to behave like |
25474 | 4486 @key{Delete}. There are several methods. |
4487 | |
39502
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4488 @itemize @minus |
25474 | 4489 @item |
39502
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4490 Some terminals (e.g., VT3## terminals) and terminal emulators (e.g., |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4491 TeraTerm) allow the character generated by the @key{Backspace} key to be |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4492 changed from a setup menu. |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4493 |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4494 @item |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4495 You may be able to get a keyboard that is completely programmable, or a |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4496 terminal emulator that supports remapping of any key to any other key. |
25474 | 4497 |
4498 @item | |
39502
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4499 With Emacs 21.1 and later, you can control the effect of the |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4500 @key{Backspace} and @key{Delete} keys, on both dumb terminals and a |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4501 windowed displays, by customizing the option |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4502 @code{normal-erase-is-backspace-mode}, or by invoking @kbd{M-x |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4503 normal-erase-is-backspace}. See the documentation of these symbols |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4504 (@pxref{Emacs Lisp documentation}) for more info. |
25474 | 4505 |
4506 @item | |
39502
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4507 It is possible to swap the @key{Backspace} and @key{DEL} keys inside |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4508 Emacs: |
25474 | 4509 |
4510 @lisp | |
4511 (keyboard-translate ?\C-h ?\C-?) | |
4512 @end lisp | |
4513 | |
39502
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4514 @noindent |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4515 This is the recommended method of forcing @key{Backspace} to act as |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4516 @key{DEL}, because it works even in modes which bind @key{DEL} to |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4517 something other than @code{delete-backward-char}. |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4518 |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4519 Similarly, you could remap @key{DEL} to act as @kbd{C-d}, which by |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4520 default deletes forward: |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4521 |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4522 @lisp |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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39304
diff
changeset
|
4523 (keyboard-translate ?\C-? ?\C-d) |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4524 @end lisp |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4525 |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4526 @xref{Swapping keys}, for further details about @code{keyboard-translate}. |
25474 | 4527 |
4528 @item | |
4529 Another approach is to switch key bindings and put help on @kbd{C-x h} | |
4530 instead: | |
4531 | |
4532 @lisp | |
4533 (global-set-key "\C-h" 'delete-backward-char) | |
4534 | |
4535 ;;; overrides mark-whole-buffer | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4536 (global-set-key "\C-xh" 'help-command) |
25474 | 4537 @end lisp |
4538 | |
39502
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4539 @noindent |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4540 This method is not recommended, though: it only solves the problem for |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4541 those modes which bind @key{DEL} to @code{delete-backward-char}. Modes |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4542 which bind @key{DEL} to something else, such as @code{view-mode}, will |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4543 not work as you expect when you press the @key{Backspace} key. For this |
42674 | 4544 reason, we recommend the @code{keyboard-translate} method, shown |
39502
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4545 above. |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4546 |
25474 | 4547 Other popular key bindings for help are @kbd{M-?} and @kbd{C-x ?}. |
39502
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4548 @end itemize |
25474 | 4549 |
4550 Don't try to bind @key{DEL} to @code{help-command}, because there are | |
4551 many modes that have local bindings of @key{DEL} that will interfere. | |
4552 | |
4553 @end itemize | |
4554 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4555 When Emacs 21 or later runs on a windowed display, it binds the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4556 @key{Delete} key to a command which deletes the character at point, to |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4557 make Emacs more consistent with keyboard operation on these systems. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4558 |
39502
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4559 For more information about troubleshooting this problem, see @ref{DEL |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4560 Does Not Delete, , If @key{DEL} Fails to Delete, emacs, The GNU Emacs |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4561 Manual}. |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4562 |
25474 | 4563 @node stty and Backspace key, Swapping keys, Backspace invokes help, Key bindings |
4564 @section Why doesn't Emacs look at the @file{stty} settings for @key{Backspace} vs. @key{Delete}? | |
4565 @cindex @file{stty} and Emacs | |
4566 @cindex Backspace and @file{stty} | |
4567 @cindex Delete and @file{stty} | |
4568 | |
4569 Good question! | |
4570 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4571 @c FIXME: RMS explained the reasons for this on emacs-hackers. It's |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4572 @c probably worth putting that explanation here. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4573 |
25474 | 4574 @node Swapping keys, Producing C-XXX with the keyboard, stty and Backspace key, Key bindings |
4575 @section How do I swap two keys? | |
4576 @cindex Swapping keys | |
4577 @cindex Keys, swapping | |
4578 @cindex @code{keyboard-translate} | |
4579 | |
65032
863e660c91bd
(Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64917
diff
changeset
|
4580 You can swap two keys (or key sequences) by using the |
863e660c91bd
(Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64917
diff
changeset
|
4581 @code{keyboard-translate} function. For example, to turn @kbd{C-h} |
863e660c91bd
(Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64917
diff
changeset
|
4582 into @key{DEL} and @key{DEL} to @kbd{C-h}, use |
25474 | 4583 |
4584 @lisp | |
4585 (keyboard-translate ?\C-h ?\C-?) ; translate `C-h' to DEL | |
4586 (keyboard-translate ?\C-? ?\C-h) ; translate DEL to `C-h'. | |
4587 @end lisp | |
4588 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4589 @noindent |
25474 | 4590 The first key sequence of the pair after the function identifies what is |
4591 produced by the keyboard; the second, what is matched for in the | |
4592 keymaps. | |
4593 | |
65032
863e660c91bd
(Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64917
diff
changeset
|
4594 However, in the specific case of @kbd{C-h} and @key{DEL}, you should |
863e660c91bd
(Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64917
diff
changeset
|
4595 toggle @code{normal-erase-is-backspace-mode} instead of calling |
66325
fda96ff4c7e5
* files.el (directory-listing-before-filename-regexp): New
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
65041
diff
changeset
|
4596 @code{keyboard-translate}. @inforef{DEL Does Not Delete, DEL Does Not Delete, |
65032
863e660c91bd
(Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64917
diff
changeset
|
4597 emacs}. |
863e660c91bd
(Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64917
diff
changeset
|
4598 |
25474 | 4599 Keyboard translations are not the same as key bindings in keymaps. |
4600 Emacs contains numerous keymaps that apply in different situations, but | |
4601 there is only one set of keyboard translations, and it applies to every | |
4602 character that Emacs reads from the terminal. Keyboard translations | |
4603 take place at the lowest level of input processing; the keys that are | |
4604 looked up in keymaps contain the characters that result from keyboard | |
4605 translation. | |
4606 | |
4607 @node Producing C-XXX with the keyboard, No Meta key, Swapping keys, Key bindings | |
4608 @section How do I produce C-XXX with my keyboard? | |
4609 @cindex Producing control characters | |
4610 @cindex Generating control characters | |
4611 @cindex Control characters, generating | |
4612 | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
4613 On terminals (but not under X), some common ``aliases'' are: |
25474 | 4614 |
4615 @table @asis | |
4616 | |
4617 @item @kbd{C-2} or @kbd{C-@key{SPC}} | |
4618 @kbd{C-@@} | |
4619 | |
4620 @item @kbd{C-6} | |
4621 @kbd{C-^} | |
4622 | |
4623 @item @kbd{C-7} or @kbd{C-S--} | |
4624 @kbd{C-_} | |
4625 | |
4626 @item @kbd{C-4} | |
4627 @kbd{C-\} | |
4628 | |
4629 @item @kbd{C-5} | |
4630 @kbd{C-]} | |
4631 | |
4632 @item @kbd{C-/} | |
4633 @kbd{C-?} | |
4634 | |
4635 @end table | |
4636 | |
4637 Often other aliases exist; use the @kbd{C-h c} command and try | |
4638 @key{CTRL} with all of the digits on your keyboard to see what gets | |
4639 generated. You can also try the @kbd{C-h w} command if you know the | |
4640 name of the command. | |
4641 | |
4642 @node No Meta key, No Escape key, Producing C-XXX with the keyboard, Key bindings | |
4643 @section What if I don't have a @key{Meta} key? | |
4644 @cindex No @key{Meta} key | |
4645 @cindex @key{Meta} key, what to do if you lack it | |
4646 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4647 On many keyboards, the @key{Alt} key acts as @key{Meta}, so try it. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4648 |
25474 | 4649 Instead of typing @kbd{M-a}, you can type @kbd{@key{ESC} a}. In fact, |
4650 Emacs converts @kbd{M-a} internally into @kbd{@key{ESC} a} anyway | |
4651 (depending on the value of @code{meta-prefix-char}). Note that you | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4652 press @key{Meta} and @key{a} together, but with @key{ESC}, you press |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4653 @key{ESC}, release it, and then press @key{a}. |
25474 | 4654 |
4655 @node No Escape key, Compose Character, No Meta key, Key bindings | |
4656 @section What if I don't have an @key{Escape} key? | |
4657 @cindex No Escape key | |
4658 @cindex Lacking an Escape key | |
4659 @cindex Escape key, lacking | |
4660 | |
52979
3649390c0f91
Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
4661 Type @kbd{C-[} instead. This should send @acronym{ASCII} code 27 just like an |
25474 | 4662 Escape key would. @kbd{C-3} may also work on some terminal (but not |
4663 under X). For many terminals (notably DEC terminals) @key{F11} | |
4664 generates @key{ESC}. If not, the following form can be used to bind it: | |
4665 | |
4666 @lisp | |
4667 ;;; F11 is the documented ESC replacement on DEC terminals. | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4668 (define-key function-key-map [f11] [?\e]) |
25474 | 4669 @end lisp |
4670 | |
4671 @node Compose Character, Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys, No Escape key, Key bindings | |
4672 @section Can I make my @key{Compose Character} key behave like a @key{Meta} key? | |
4673 @cindex @key{Compose Character} key, using as @key{Meta} | |
4674 @cindex @key{Meta}, using @key{Compose Character} for | |
4675 | |
4676 On a dumb terminal such as a VT220, no. It is rumored that certain | |
4677 VT220 clones could have their @key{Compose} key configured this way. If | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4678 you're using X, you might be able to do this with the @code{xmodmap} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4679 command. |
25474 | 4680 |
4681 @node Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys, Meta key does not work in xterm, Compose Character, Key bindings | |
4682 @section How do I bind a combination of modifier key and function key? | |
4683 @cindex Modifiers and function keys | |
4684 @cindex Function keys and modifiers | |
4685 @cindex Binding modifiers and function keys | |
4686 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4687 With Emacs 19 and later, you can represent modified function keys in |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4688 vector format by adding prefixes to the function key symbol. For |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4689 example (from the on-line documentation): |
25474 | 4690 |
4691 @lisp | |
4692 (global-set-key [?\C-x right] 'forward-page) | |
4693 @end lisp | |
4694 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4695 @noindent |
25474 | 4696 where @samp{?\C-x} is the Lisp character constant for the character @kbd{C-x}. |
4697 | |
4698 You can use the modifier keys @key{Control}, @key{Meta}, @key{Hyper}, | |
4699 @key{Super}, @key{Alt}, and @key{Shift} with function keys. To | |
4700 represent these modifiers, prepend the strings @samp{C-}, @samp{M-}, | |
4701 @samp{H-}, @samp{s-}, @samp{A-}, and @samp{S-} to the symbol name. Here | |
4702 is how to make @kbd{H-M-RIGHT} move forward a word: | |
4703 | |
4704 @lisp | |
4705 (global-set-key [H-M-right] 'forward-word) | |
4706 @end lisp | |
4707 | |
4708 @itemize @bullet | |
4709 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4710 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4711 Not all modifiers are permitted in all situations. @key{Hyper}, |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4712 @key{Super}, and @key{Alt} are not available on Unix character |
52979
3649390c0f91
Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
4713 terminals. Non-@acronym{ASCII} keys and mouse events (e.g. @kbd{C-=} and |
36515
9df3f07f2643
Fix case convention for mouse click.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36383
diff
changeset
|
4714 @kbd{Mouse-1}) also fall under this category. |
25474 | 4715 |
4716 @end itemize | |
4717 | |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
4718 @xref{Binding keys to commands}, for general key binding instructions. |
25474 | 4719 |
4720 @node Meta key does not work in xterm, ExtendChar key does not work as Meta, Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys, Key bindings | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4721 @section Why doesn't my @key{Meta} key work in an @code{xterm} window? |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4722 @cindex @key{Meta} key and @code{xterm} |
25474 | 4723 @cindex Xterm and @key{Meta} key |
4724 | |
68712
06cc8b33cde0
* faq.texi (Meta key does not work in xterm)
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
68657
diff
changeset
|
4725 @inforef{Unibyte Mode, Single-Byte Character Set Support, emacs}. |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4726 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4727 If the advice in the Emacs manual fails, try all of these methods before |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4728 asking for further help: |
25474 | 4729 |
4730 @itemize @bullet | |
4731 | |
4732 @item | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4733 You may have big problems using @code{mwm} as your window manager. |
25474 | 4734 (Does anyone know a good generic solution to allow the use of the |
4735 @key{Meta} key in Emacs with @file{mwm}?) | |
4736 | |
4737 @item | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4738 For X11: Make sure it really is a @key{Meta} key. Use @code{xev} to |
25474 | 4739 find out what keysym your @key{Meta} key generates. It should be either |
37530
d4b1acaf82b0
Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37447
diff
changeset
|
4740 @code{Meta_L} or @code{Meta_R}. If it isn't, use @file{xmodmap} to fix |
39551
4e108e81543a
(Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39502
diff
changeset
|
4741 the situation. If @key{Meta} does generate @code{Meta_L} or |
52979
3649390c0f91
Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
4742 @code{Meta_R}, but @kbd{M-x} produces a non-@acronym{ASCII} character, put this in |
39551
4e108e81543a
(Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39502
diff
changeset
|
4743 your @file{~/.Xdefaults} file: |
4e108e81543a
(Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39502
diff
changeset
|
4744 |
4e108e81543a
(Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39502
diff
changeset
|
4745 @example |
4e108e81543a
(Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39502
diff
changeset
|
4746 XTerm*eightBitInput: false |
4e108e81543a
(Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39502
diff
changeset
|
4747 XTerm*eightBitOutput: true |
4e108e81543a
(Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39502
diff
changeset
|
4748 @end example |
25474 | 4749 |
4750 @item | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4751 Make sure the @code{pty} the @code{xterm} is using is passing 8 bit |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4752 characters. @samp{stty -a} (or @samp{stty everything}) should show |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4753 @samp{cs8} somewhere. If it shows @samp{cs7} instead, use @samp{stty |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4754 cs8 -istrip} (or @samp{stty pass8}) to fix it. |
25474 | 4755 |
4756 @item | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4757 If there is an @code{rlogin} connection between @code{xterm} and Emacs, the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4758 @samp{-8} argument may need to be given to rlogin to make it pass all 8 bits |
25474 | 4759 of every character. |
4760 | |
4761 @item | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4762 If Emacs is running on Ultrix, it is reported that evaluating |
25474 | 4763 @code{(set-input-mode t nil)} helps. |
4764 | |
4765 @item | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4766 If all else fails, you can make @code{xterm} generate @kbd{@key{ESC} W} when |
25474 | 4767 you type @kbd{M-W}, which is the same conversion Emacs would make if it |
4768 got the @kbd{M-W} anyway. In X11R4, the following resource | |
4769 specification will do this: | |
4770 | |
4771 @example | |
4772 XTerm.VT100.EightBitInput: false | |
4773 @end example | |
4774 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4775 @noindent |
25474 | 4776 (This changes the behavior of the @code{insert-eight-bit} action.) |
4777 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4778 With older @code{xterm}s, you can specify this behavior with a translation: |
25474 | 4779 |
4780 @example | |
4781 XTerm.VT100.Translations: #override \ | |
4782 Meta<KeyPress>: string(0x1b) insert() | |
4783 @end example | |
4784 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4785 @noindent |
25474 | 4786 You might have to replace @samp{Meta} with @samp{Alt}. |
4787 | |
4788 @end itemize | |
4789 | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4790 @node ExtendChar key does not work as Meta, SPC no longer completes file names, Meta key does not work in xterm, Key bindings |
25474 | 4791 @section Why doesn't my @key{ExtendChar} key work as a @key{Meta} key under HP-UX 8.0 and 9.x? |
4792 @cindex @key{ExtendChar} key as @key{Meta} | |
4793 @cindex @key{Meta}, using @key{ExtendChar} for | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4794 @cindex HP-UX, the @key{ExtendChar} key |
25474 | 4795 |
4796 This is a result of an internationalization extension in X11R4 and the | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4797 fact that HP is now using this extension. Emacs assumes that the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4798 @code{XLookupString} function returns the same result regardless of the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4799 @key{Meta} key state which is no longer necessarily true. Until Emacs |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4800 is fixed, the temporary kludge is to run this command after each time |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4801 the X server is started but preferably before any xterm clients are: |
25474 | 4802 |
4803 @example | |
4804 xmodmap -e 'remove mod1 = Mode_switch' | |
4805 @end example | |
4806 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4807 @c FIXME: Emacs 21 supports I18N in X11; does that mean that this bug is |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4808 @c solved? |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4809 |
25474 | 4810 This will disable the use of the extra keysyms systemwide, which may be |
4811 undesirable if you actually intend to use them. | |
4812 | |
69129
23ad987a0092
(Newsgroup archives): Update URLs of GNU mail archives.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
68950
diff
changeset
|
4813 @node SPC no longer completes file names, , ExtendChar key does not work as Meta, Key bindings |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4814 @section Why doesn't SPC complete file names anymore? |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4815 @cindex @kbd{SPC} file name completion |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4816 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4817 Starting with Emacs 22.1, @kbd{SPC} no longer completes file names in |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4818 the minibuffer, so that file names with embedded spaces could be typed |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4819 without the need to quote the spaces. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4820 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4821 You can get the old behavior by binding @kbd{SPC} to |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4822 @code{minibuffer-complete-word} in the minibuffer, as follows: |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4823 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4824 @lisp |
68712
06cc8b33cde0
* faq.texi (Meta key does not work in xterm)
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
68657
diff
changeset
|
4825 (define-key minibuffer-local-filename-completion-map (kbd "SPC") |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4826 'minibuffer-complete-word) |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4827 |
68712
06cc8b33cde0
* faq.texi (Meta key does not work in xterm)
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
68657
diff
changeset
|
4828 (define-key minibuffer-local-must-match-filename-map (kbd "SPC") |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4829 'minibuffer-complete-word) |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4830 @end lisp |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4831 |
25474 | 4832 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ |
4833 @node Alternate character sets, Mail and news, Key bindings, Top | |
4834 @chapter Alternate character sets | |
4835 @cindex Alternate character sets | |
4836 | |
4837 @menu | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4838 * Emacs does not display 8-bit characters:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4839 * Inputting eight-bit characters:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4840 * Kanji and Chinese characters:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4841 * Right-to-left alphabets:: |
25474 | 4842 @end menu |
4843 | |
4844 @node Emacs does not display 8-bit characters, Inputting eight-bit characters, Alternate character sets, Alternate character sets | |
4845 @section How do I make Emacs display 8-bit characters? | |
4846 @cindex Displaying eight-bit characters | |
4847 @cindex Eight-bit characters, displaying | |
4848 | |
68712
06cc8b33cde0
* faq.texi (Meta key does not work in xterm)
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
68657
diff
changeset
|
4849 @inforef{Unibyte Mode, Single-byte Character Set |
36842
654b53bab583
Change "character terminal" to "text-only terminal".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36515
diff
changeset
|
4850 Support, emacs}. On a Unix, when Emacs runs on a text-only terminal |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4851 display or is invoked with @samp{emacs -nw}, you typically need to use |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4852 @code{set-terminal-coding-system} to tell Emacs what the terminal can |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4853 display, even after setting the language environment; otherwise |
52979
3649390c0f91
Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
4854 non-@acronym{ASCII} characters will display as @samp{?}. On other operating |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4855 systems, such as MS-DOS and MS-Windows, Emacs queries the OS about the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4856 character set supported by the display, and sets up the required |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4857 terminal coding system automatically. |
25474 | 4858 |
4859 @node Inputting eight-bit characters, Kanji and Chinese characters, Emacs does not display 8-bit characters, Alternate character sets | |
4860 @section How do I input eight-bit characters? | |
4861 @cindex Entering eight-bit characters | |
4862 @cindex Eight-bit characters, entering | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4863 @cindex Input, 8-bit characters |
25474 | 4864 |
28127 | 4865 Various methods are available for input of eight-bit characters. See |
68712
06cc8b33cde0
* faq.texi (Meta key does not work in xterm)
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
68657
diff
changeset
|
4866 @inforef{Unibyte Mode, Single-byte Character Set |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4867 Support, emacs}. For more sophisticated methods, @inforef{Input |
28127 | 4868 Methods, Input Methods, emacs}. |
25474 | 4869 |
4870 @node Kanji and Chinese characters, Right-to-left alphabets, Inputting eight-bit characters, Alternate character sets | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4871 @section Where can I get an Emacs that handles kanji, Chinese, or other Far-Eastern character sets? |
25474 | 4872 @cindex Kanji, handling with Emacs |
4873 @cindex Chinese, handling with Emacs | |
4874 @cindex Japanese, handling with Emacs | |
4875 @cindex Korean, handling with Emacs | |
4876 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4877 Emacs 20 and later includes many of the features of MULE, the MULtilingual |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4878 Enhancement to Emacs. @xref{Installing Emacs}, for information on where |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4879 to find and download the latest version of Emacs. |
25474 | 4880 |
4881 @node Right-to-left alphabets, , Kanji and Chinese characters, Alternate character sets | |
4882 @section Where is an Emacs that can handle Semitic (right-to-left) alphabets? | |
4883 @cindex Right-to-left alphabets | |
4884 @cindex Hebrew, handling with Emacs | |
4885 @cindex Semitic alphabets | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4886 @cindex Arabic alphabets |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4887 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4888 Emacs 20 and later supports Hebrew characters (ISO 8859-8), but does not |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4889 yet support right-to-left character entry and display. |
25474 | 4890 |
4891 @email{joel@@exc.com, Joel M. Hoffman} has written a Lisp package called | |
4892 @file{hebrew.el} that allows right-to-left editing of Hebrew. It | |
4893 reportedly works out of the box with Emacs 19, but requires patches for | |
4894 Emacs 18. Write to Joel if you want the patches or package. | |
4895 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4896 @c FIXME: Should we mention Ehud Karni's package? |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4897 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4898 @file{hebrew.el} requires a Hebrew screen font, but no other hardware support. |
36515
9df3f07f2643
Fix case convention for mouse click.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36383
diff
changeset
|
4899 Joel has a screen font for PCs running MS-DOS or GNU/Linux. |
25474 | 4900 |
70507
dd8efbe5f0a0
(Replacing text across multiple files): Expand node to explain how
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
70501
diff
changeset
|
4901 You might also try to query archie for files named with @file{hebrew}; |
25474 | 4902 several ftp sites in Israel may also have the necessary files. |
4903 | |
4904 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ | |
4905 @node Mail and news, Concept index, Alternate character sets, Top | |
4906 @chapter Mail and news | |
4907 @cindex Mail and news | |
4908 | |
4909 @menu | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4910 * Changing the included text prefix:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4911 * Saving a copy of outgoing mail:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4912 * Expanding aliases when sending mail:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4913 * Rmail thinks all messages are one big one:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4914 * Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4915 * Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4916 * Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4917 * Replying to the sender of a message:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4918 * MIME with Emacs mail packages:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4919 * Automatically starting a mail or news reader:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4920 * Reading news with Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4921 * Gnus does not work with NNTP:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4922 * Viewing articles with embedded underlining:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4923 * Saving a multi-part Gnus posting:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4924 * Starting Gnus faster:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4925 * Catching up in all newsgroups:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4926 * Killing based on nonstandard headers:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4927 * Removing flashing messages:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4928 * Catch-up is slow in Gnus:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4929 * Gnus hangs for a long time:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4930 * Learning more about Gnus:: |
25474 | 4931 @end menu |
4932 | |
4933 @node Changing the included text prefix, Saving a copy of outgoing mail, Mail and news, Mail and news | |
4934 @section How do I change the included text prefix in mail/news followups? | |
4935 @cindex Prefix in mail/news followups, changing | |
4936 @cindex Included text prefix, changing | |
4937 @cindex Setting the included text character | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4938 @cindex Quoting in mail messages |
25474 | 4939 |
4940 If you read mail with Rmail or news with Gnus, set the variable | |
4941 @code{mail-yank-prefix}. For VM, set @code{vm-included-text-prefix}. | |
4942 For mh-e, set @code{mh-ins-buf-prefix}. | |
4943 | |
4944 For fancier control of citations, use Supercite. @xref{Supercite}. | |
4945 | |
4946 To prevent Emacs from including various headers of the replied-to | |
4947 message, set the value of @code{mail-yank-ignored-headers} to an | |
4948 appropriate regexp. | |
4949 | |
4950 @node Saving a copy of outgoing mail, Expanding aliases when sending mail, Changing the included text prefix, Mail and news | |
4951 @section How do I save a copy of outgoing mail? | |
4952 @cindex Saving a copy of outgoing mail | |
4953 @cindex Copying outgoing mail to a file | |
4954 @cindex Filing outgoing mail | |
4955 @cindex Automatic filing of outgoing mail | |
4956 @cindex Mail, saving outgoing automatically | |
4957 | |
4958 You can either mail yourself a copy by including a @samp{BCC} header in the | |
4959 mail message, or store a copy of the message directly to a file by | |
4960 including an @samp{FCC} header. | |
4961 | |
4962 If you use standard mail, you can automatically create a @samp{BCC} to | |
4963 yourself by putting | |
4964 | |
4965 @lisp | |
4966 (setq mail-self-blind t) | |
4967 @end lisp | |
4968 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4969 @noindent |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4970 in your @file{.emacs} file. You can automatically include an @samp{FCC} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4971 field by putting something like the following in your @file{.emacs} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4972 file: |
25474 | 4973 |
4974 @lisp | |
4975 (setq mail-archive-file-name (expand-file-name "~/outgoing")) | |
4976 @end lisp | |
4977 | |
4978 The output file will be in Unix mail format, which can be read directly | |
4979 by VM, but not always by Rmail. @xref{Learning how to do something}. | |
4980 | |
4981 If you use @code{mh-e}, add an @samp{FCC} or @samp{BCC} field to your | |
4982 components file. | |
4983 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4984 It does not work to put @samp{set record filename} in the @file{.mailrc} |
25474 | 4985 file. |
4986 | |
4987 @node Expanding aliases when sending mail, Rmail thinks all messages are one big one, Saving a copy of outgoing mail, Mail and news | |
4988 @section Why doesn't Emacs expand my aliases when sending mail? | |
4989 @cindex Expanding aliases when sending mail | |
4990 @cindex Mail alias expansion | |
4991 @cindex Sending mail with aliases | |
4992 | |
4993 @itemize @bullet | |
4994 | |
4995 @item | |
4996 You must separate multiple addresses in the headers of the mail buffer | |
4997 with commas. This is because Emacs supports RFC822 standard addresses | |
4998 like this one: | |
4999 | |
5000 @example | |
5001 To: Willy Smith <wks@@xpnsv.lwyrs.com> | |
5002 @end example | |
5003 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5004 However, you do not need to---and probably should not, unless your |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5005 system's version of @file{/usr/ucb/mail} (a.k.a.@: @code{mailx}) |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5006 supports RFC822---separate addresses with commas in your |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5007 @file{~/.mailrc} file. |
25474 | 5008 |
5009 @item | |
5010 Emacs normally only reads the @file{.mailrc} file once per session, | |
5011 when you start to compose your first mail message. If you edit | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5012 @file{.mailrc}, you can type @kbd{M-x rebuild-mail-abbrevs @key{RET}} to |
25474 | 5013 make Emacs reread @file{~/.mailrc}. |
5014 | |
5015 @item | |
5016 If you like, you can expand mail aliases as abbrevs, as soon as you | |
5017 type them in. To enable this feature, execute the following: | |
5018 | |
5019 @lisp | |
34922 | 5020 (add-hook 'mail-mode-hook 'mail-abbrevs-setup) |
25474 | 5021 @end lisp |
5022 | |
5023 Note that the aliases are expanded automatically only after you type | |
5024 @key{RET} or a punctuation character (e.g. @kbd{,}). You can force their | |
5025 expansion by moving point to the end of the alias and typing @kbd{C-x a e} | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5026 (@kbd{M-x expand-abbrev}). |
25474 | 5027 @end itemize |
5028 | |
5029 @node Rmail thinks all messages are one big one, Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder, Expanding aliases when sending mail, Mail and news | |
5030 @section Why does Rmail think all my saved messages are one big message? | |
5031 @cindex Rmail thinks all messages are one large message | |
5032 | |
5033 A file created through the @samp{FCC} field in a message is in Unix mail | |
5034 format, not the format that Rmail uses (BABYL format). Rmail will try | |
5035 to convert a Unix mail file into BABYL format on input, but sometimes it | |
5036 makes errors. For guaranteed safety, you can make the | |
5037 @file{saved-messages} file be an inbox for your Rmail file by using the | |
5038 function @code{set-rmail-inbox-list}. | |
5039 | |
5040 @node Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder, Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail, Rmail thinks all messages are one big one, Mail and news | |
5041 @section How can I sort the messages in my Rmail folder? | |
5042 @cindex Rmail, sorting messages in | |
5043 @cindex Folder, sorting messages in an Rmail | |
5044 @cindex Sorting messages in an Rmail folder | |
5045 | |
5046 In Rmail, type @kbd{C-c C-s C-h} to get a list of sorting functions | |
5047 and their key bindings. | |
5048 | |
5049 @node Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail, Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them, Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder, Mail and news | |
5050 @section Why does Rmail need to write to @file{/usr/spool/mail}? | |
5051 @cindex Rmail and @file{/usr/spool/mail} | |
5052 @cindex @file{/usr/spool/mail} and Rmail | |
5053 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5054 This is the behavior of the @code{movemail} program which Rmail uses. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5055 This indicates that @code{movemail} is configured to use lock files. |
25474 | 5056 |
5057 RMS writes: | |
5058 | |
5059 @quotation | |
5060 Certain systems require lock files to interlock access to mail files. | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5061 On these systems, @code{movemail} must write lock files, or you risk losing |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5062 mail. You simply must arrange to let @code{movemail} write them. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5063 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5064 Other systems use the @code{flock} system call to interlock access. On |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5065 these systems, you should configure @code{movemail} to use @code{flock}. |
25474 | 5066 @end quotation |
5067 | |
5068 @node Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them, Replying to the sender of a message, Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail, Mail and news | |
5069 @section How do I recover my mail files after Rmail munges their format? | |
5070 @cindex Recovering munged mail files | |
5071 @cindex Rmail munged my files | |
5072 @cindex Mail files, recovering those munged by Rmail | |
5073 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5074 If you have just done @kbd{M-x rmail-input} on a file and you don't want |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5075 to save it in Rmail's format (called BABYL), just kill the buffer (with |
25474 | 5076 @kbd{C-x k}). |
5077 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5078 @cindex Exporting messages as Unix mail files |
25474 | 5079 If you typed @kbd{M-x rmail} and it read some messages out of your inbox |
5080 and you want to put them in a Unix mail file, use @kbd{C-o} on each | |
5081 message. | |
5082 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5083 @cindex Converting from BABYL to Unix mail format |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5084 @cindex @code{unrmail} command |
25474 | 5085 If you want to convert an existing file from BABYL format to Unix mail |
5086 format, use the command @kbd{M-x unrmail}: it will prompt you for the | |
5087 input and output file names. | |
5088 | |
39304
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5089 @pindex b2m |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5090 Alternatively, you could use the @code{b2m} program supplied with |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5091 Emacs. @code{b2m} is a filter, and is used like this: |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5092 |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5093 @example |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5094 b2m < @var{babyl-file} > @var{mbox-file} |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5095 @end example |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5096 |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5097 @noindent |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5098 where @var{babyl-file} is the name of the BABYL file, and |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5099 @var{mbox-file} is the name of the file where the converted mail will |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5100 be written. |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5101 |
25474 | 5102 @node Replying to the sender of a message, MIME with Emacs mail packages, Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them, Mail and news |
5103 @section How can I force Rmail to reply to the sender of a message, but not the other recipients? | |
5104 @cindex Replying only to the sender of a message | |
5105 @cindex Sender, replying only to | |
5106 @cindex Rmail, replying to the sender of a message in | |
5107 | |
5108 @email{isaacson@@seas.upenn.edu, Ron Isaacson} says: When you hit | |
5109 @key{r} to reply in Rmail, by default it CCs all of the original | |
5110 recipients (everyone on the original @samp{To} and @samp{CC} | |
5111 lists). With a prefix argument (i.e., typing @kbd{C-u} before @key{r}), | |
5112 it replies only to the sender. However, going through the whole | |
5113 @kbd{C-u} business every time you want to reply is a pain. This is the | |
5114 best fix I've been able to come up with: | |
5115 | |
5116 @lisp | |
5117 (defun rmail-reply-t () | |
5118 "Reply only to the sender of the current message. (See rmail-reply.)" | |
5119 (interactive) | |
5120 (rmail-reply t)) | |
5121 | |
5122 (add-hook 'rmail-mode-hook | |
34151
33df9c2e70bf
Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
30692
diff
changeset
|
5123 (lambda () |
33df9c2e70bf
Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
30692
diff
changeset
|
5124 (define-key rmail-mode-map "r" 'rmail-reply-t) |
33df9c2e70bf
Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
30692
diff
changeset
|
5125 (define-key rmail-mode-map "R" 'rmail-reply))) |
25474 | 5126 @end lisp |
5127 | |
5128 @node MIME with Emacs mail packages, Automatically starting a mail or news reader, Replying to the sender of a message, Mail and news | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
5129 @section How can I get my favorite Emacs mail package to support MIME? |
25474 | 5130 @cindex MIME and Emacs mail packages |
5131 @cindex Mail packages and MIME | |
5132 @cindex FAQ for MIME and Emacs | |
5133 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5134 Version 6.x of VM supports MIME. @xref{VM}. Gnus supports MIME in mail |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5135 and news messages as of version 5.8.1 (Pterodactyl). Rmail has limited |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5136 support for single-part MIME messages beginning with Emacs 20.3. |
25474 | 5137 |
5138 @node Automatically starting a mail or news reader, Reading news with Emacs, MIME with Emacs mail packages, Mail and news | |
5139 @section How do I make Emacs automatically start my mail/news reader? | |
5140 @cindex Mail reader, starting automatically | |
5141 @cindex News reader, starting automatically | |
5142 @cindex Starting mail/news reader automatically | |
5143 | |
5144 To start Emacs in Gnus: | |
5145 | |
5146 @example | |
5147 emacs -f gnus | |
5148 @end example | |
5149 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5150 @noindent |
25474 | 5151 in Rmail: |
5152 | |
5153 @example | |
5154 emacs -f rmail | |
5155 @end example | |
5156 | |
5157 A more convenient way to start with Gnus: | |
5158 | |
5159 @example | |
5160 alias gnus 'emacs -f gnus' | |
5161 gnus | |
5162 @end example | |
5163 | |
5164 It is probably unwise to automatically start your mail or news reader | |
5165 from your @file{.emacs} file. This would cause problems if you needed to run | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5166 two copies of Emacs at the same time. Also, this would make it difficult for |
25474 | 5167 you to start Emacs quickly when you needed to. |
5168 | |
5169 @node Reading news with Emacs, Gnus does not work with NNTP, Automatically starting a mail or news reader, Mail and news | |
5170 @section How do I read news under Emacs? | |
5171 @cindex Reading news under Emacs | |
5172 @cindex Usenet reader in Emacs | |
5173 @cindex Gnus newsreader | |
5174 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5175 Use @kbd{M-x gnus}. It is documented in Info (@pxref{Learning how to do |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5176 something}). |
25474 | 5177 |
5178 @node Gnus does not work with NNTP, Viewing articles with embedded underlining, Reading news with Emacs, Mail and news | |
5179 @section Why doesn't Gnus work via NNTP? | |
5180 @cindex Gnus and NNTP | |
5181 @cindex NNTP, Gnus fails to work with | |
5182 | |
5183 There is a bug in NNTP version 1.5.10, such that when multiple requests | |
5184 are sent to the NNTP server, the server only handles the first one | |
5185 before blocking waiting for more input which never comes. NNTP version | |
5186 1.5.11 claims to fix this. | |
5187 | |
5188 You can work around the bug inside Emacs like this: | |
5189 | |
5190 @lisp | |
5191 (setq nntp-maximum-request 1) | |
5192 @end lisp | |
5193 | |
5194 You can find out what version of NNTP your news server is running by | |
5195 telnetting to the NNTP port (usually 119) on the news server machine | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5196 (i.e., @kbd{telnet server-machine 119}). The server should give its |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5197 version number in the welcome message. Type @kbd{quit} to get out. |
25474 | 5198 |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
5199 @xref{Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode}, for some additional ideas. |
25474 | 5200 |
5201 @node Viewing articles with embedded underlining, Saving a multi-part Gnus posting, Gnus does not work with NNTP, Mail and news | |
5202 @section How do I view news articles with embedded underlining (e.g., ClariNews)? | |
5203 @cindex Underlining, embedded in news articles | |
5204 @cindex News articles with embedded underlining | |
5205 @cindex Embedded underlining in news articles | |
5206 | |
5207 Underlining appears like this: | |
5208 | |
5209 @example | |
5210 _^Hu_^Hn_^Hd_^He_^Hr_^Hl_^Hi_^Hn_^Hi_^Hn_^Hg | |
5211 @end example | |
5212 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5213 @email{abraham@@dina.kvl.dk, Per Abrahamsen} suggests using the following |
25474 | 5214 code, which uses the underline face to turn such text into true |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5215 underlining, inconjunction with Gnus: |
25474 | 5216 |
5217 @lisp | |
5218 (defun gnus-article-prepare-overstrike () | |
5219 ;; Prepare article for overstrike commands. | |
5220 (save-excursion | |
5221 (set-buffer gnus-article-buffer) | |
5222 (let ((buffer-read-only nil)) | |
5223 (goto-char (point-min)) | |
5224 (while (search-forward "\b" nil t) | |
5225 (let ((next (following-char)) | |
5226 (previous (char-after (- (point) 2)))) | |
5227 (cond ((eq next previous) | |
5228 (delete-region (- (point) 2) (point)) | |
5229 (put-text-property (point) (1+ (point)) | |
5230 'face 'bold)) | |
5231 ((eq next ?_) | |
5232 (delete-region (1- (point)) (1+ (point))) | |
5233 (put-text-property (1- (point)) (point) | |
5234 'face 'underline)) | |
5235 ((eq previous ?_) | |
5236 (delete-region (- (point) 2) (point)) | |
5237 (put-text-property (point) (1+ (point)) | |
5238 'face 'underline)))))))) | |
5239 | |
5240 (add-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-overstrike) | |
5241 @end lisp | |
5242 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5243 Latest versions of Gnus do such a conversion automatically. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5244 |
25474 | 5245 If you prefer to do away with underlining altogether, you can |
5246 destructively remove it with @kbd{M-x ununderline-region}; do this | |
5247 automatically via | |
5248 | |
5249 @lisp | |
5250 (add-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-hook | |
34151
33df9c2e70bf
Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
30692
diff
changeset
|
5251 (lambda () (ununderline-region (point-min) (point-max)))) |
25474 | 5252 @end lisp |
5253 | |
5254 @node Saving a multi-part Gnus posting, Starting Gnus faster, Viewing articles with embedded underlining, Mail and news | |
5255 @section How do I save all the items of a multi-part posting in Gnus? | |
5256 @cindex Multi-part postings in Gnus, saving | |
5257 @cindex Saving multi-part postings in Gnus | |
5258 @cindex Gnus, saving multi-part postings in | |
5259 | |
5260 Use @code{gnus-uu}. Type @kbd{C-c C-v C-h} in the Gnus summary buffer | |
5261 to see a list of available commands. | |
5262 | |
5263 @node Starting Gnus faster, Catching up in all newsgroups, Saving a multi-part Gnus posting, Mail and news | |
5264 @section How do I make Gnus start up faster? | |
5265 @cindex Faster, starting Gnus | |
5266 @cindex Starting Gnus faster | |
5267 @cindex Gnus, starting faster | |
5268 | |
5269 From the Gnus FAQ (@pxref{Learning more about Gnus}): | |
5270 | |
5271 @quotation | |
5272 @email{pktiwari@@eos.ncsu.edu, Pranav Kumar Tiwari} writes: I posted | |
5273 the same query recently and I got an answer to it. I am going to | |
5274 repeat the answer. What you need is a newer version of gnus, version | |
5275 5.0.4+. I am using 5.0.12 and it works fine with me with the | |
5276 following settings: | |
5277 | |
5278 @lisp | |
5279 (setq gnus-check-new-newsgroups nil | |
5280 gnus-read-active-file 'some | |
5281 gnus-nov-is-evil nil | |
5282 gnus-select-method '(nntp gnus-nntp-server)) | |
5283 @end lisp | |
5284 @end quotation | |
5285 | |
5286 @node Catching up in all newsgroups, Killing based on nonstandard headers, Starting Gnus faster, Mail and news | |
5287 @section How do I catch up all newsgroups in Gnus? | |
5288 @cindex Catching up all newsgroups in Gnus | |
5289 @cindex Gnus, Catching up all newsgroups in | |
5290 | |
5291 In the @file{*Newsgroup*} buffer, type @kbd{M-< C-x ( c y C-x ) M-0 C-x e} | |
5292 | |
5293 Leave off the initial @kbd{M-<} if you only want to catch up from point | |
5294 to the end of the @file{*Newsgroup*} buffer. | |
5295 | |
5296 @node Killing based on nonstandard headers, Removing flashing messages, Catching up in all newsgroups, Mail and news | |
5297 @section Why can't I kill in Gnus based on the Newsgroups/Keywords/Control headers? | |
5298 @cindex Killing articles based on nonstandard headers | |
5299 @cindex Newsgroups header, killing articles based on | |
5300 @cindex Keywords header, killing articles based on | |
5301 @cindex Control header, killing articles based on | |
5302 | |
5303 Gnus will complain that the @samp{Newsgroups}, @samp{Keywords}, and | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5304 @samp{Control} headers are ``Unknown header'' fields. |
25474 | 5305 |
5306 For the @samp{Newsgroups} header, there is an easy workaround: kill on the | |
5307 @samp{Xref} header instead, which will be present on any cross-posted article | |
5308 (as long as your site carries the cross-post group). | |
5309 | |
5310 If you really want to kill on one of these headers, you can do it like | |
5311 this: | |
5312 | |
5313 @lisp | |
5314 (gnus-kill nil "^Newsgroups: .*\\(bad\\.group\\|worse\\.group\\)") | |
5315 @end lisp | |
5316 | |
5317 @node Removing flashing messages, Catch-up is slow in Gnus, Killing based on nonstandard headers, Mail and news | |
5318 @section How do I get rid of flashing messages in Gnus for slow connections? | |
5319 @cindex Flashing Gnus messages, removing | |
5320 @cindex Removing flashing Gnus messages | |
5321 @cindex Slow connections causing flashing messages in Gnus | |
5322 @cindex Gnus, flashing messages in | |
5323 | |
5324 Set @code{nntp-debug-read} to @code{nil}. | |
5325 | |
5326 @node Catch-up is slow in Gnus, Gnus hangs for a long time, Removing flashing messages, Mail and news | |
5327 @section Why is catch up slow in Gnus? | |
5328 @cindex Slow catch up in Gnus | |
5329 @cindex Gnus is slow when catching up | |
5330 @cindex Crosspostings make Gnus catching up slow | |
5331 | |
5332 Because Gnus is marking crosspostings read. You can control this with | |
5333 the variable @code{gnus-use-cross-reference}. | |
5334 | |
5335 @node Gnus hangs for a long time, Learning more about Gnus, Catch-up is slow in Gnus, Mail and news | |
5336 @section Why does Gnus hang for a long time when posting? | |
5337 @cindex Hangs in Gnus | |
5338 @cindex Gnus hangs while posting | |
5339 @cindex Posting, Gnus hangs wile | |
5340 | |
5341 @email{tale@@uunet.uu.net, David Lawrence} explains: | |
5342 | |
5343 @quotation | |
5344 The problem is almost always interaction between NNTP and C News. NNTP | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5345 POST asks C News's @code{inews} to not background itself but rather hang |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5346 around and give its exit status so it knows whether the post was successful. |
25474 | 5347 (That wait will on some systems not return the exit status of the |
5348 waited for job is a different sort of problem.) It ends up taking a | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5349 long time because @code{inews} is calling @code{relaynews}, which often |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5350 waits for another @code{relaynews} to free the lock on the news system |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5351 so it can file the article. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5352 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5353 My preferred solution is to change @code{inews} to not call |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5354 @code{relaynews}, but rather use @code{newsspool}. This loses some |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5355 error-catching functionality, but is for the most part safe as |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5356 @code{inews} will detect a lot of the errors on its own. The C News |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5357 folks have sped up @code{inews}, too, so speed should look better to |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5358 most folks as that update propagates around. |
25474 | 5359 @end quotation |
5360 | |
5361 @node Learning more about Gnus, , Gnus hangs for a long time, Mail and news | |
5362 @section Where can I find out more about Gnus? | |
5363 @cindex FAQ for Gnus | |
5364 @cindex Gnus FAQ | |
50791
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
5365 @cindex Learning more about Gnus |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
5366 |
50954 | 5367 For more information on Gnus, consult the Gnus manual and FAQ, which are |
5368 part of the Gnus distribution. | |
25474 | 5369 |
5370 @node Concept index, , Mail and news, Top | |
5371 @unnumbered Concept Index | |
5372 @printindex cp | |
5373 | |
5374 @contents | |
5375 @bye | |
52401 | 5376 |
5377 @ignore | |
5378 arch-tag: fee0d62d-06cf-43d8-ac21-123408eaf10f | |
5379 @end ignore |