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annotate INSTALL @ 20279:69a6030e443a
(kill-region): Detect read-only text
by getting an error trying to delete it.
Handle the cases where we can, and can't, get the killed text
from the undo list with much the same code.
author | Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org> |
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date | Wed, 19 Nov 1997 21:36:56 +0000 |
parents | 696d678c06e7 |
children | 0413a3ff3b8d |
rev | line source |
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3199 | 1 GNU Emacs Installation Guide |
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2 Copyright (c) 1992, 1994, 1996, 1997 Free software Foundation, Inc. |
3199 | 3 |
4 Permission is granted to anyone to make or distribute verbatim copies | |
5 of this document as received, in any medium, provided that the | |
6 copyright notice and permission notice are preserved, | |
7 and that the distributor grants the recipient permission | |
8 for further redistribution as permitted by this notice. | |
9 | |
10 Permission is granted to distribute modified versions | |
11 of this document, or of portions of it, | |
12 under the above conditions, provided also that they | |
13 carry prominent notices stating who last changed them, | |
14 and that any new or changed statements about the activities | |
15 of the Free Software Foundation are approved by the Foundation. | |
16 | |
17 | |
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18 ADDITIONAL DISTRIBUTION FILES |
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19 |
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20 * leim-M.N.tar.gz |
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21 |
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22 The Emacs Lisp code for input methods for various international |
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23 character scripts is distributed in a separate tar file because of its |
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24 large size. This file is called leim-M.N.tar.gz, with the same |
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25 version number as Emacs, and it unpacks into the directory |
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26 emacs-M.N/leim. Thus, if you unpack it in the same directory where |
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27 you unpacked the Emacs distribution, it fills in a subdirectory |
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28 of the Emacs distribution. |
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29 |
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30 If you have already unpacked the Leim tar file into a subdirectory of |
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31 the Emacs sources, building and installing Emacs automatically |
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32 installs the input method support as well. If you unpack the Leim tar |
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33 file into the Emacs sources after building and installing Emacs, just |
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34 build Emacs again and install it again. |
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35 |
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36 * intlfonts-VERSION.tar.gz |
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37 |
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38 The intlfonts distribution contains X11 fonts that Emacs needs in |
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39 order to display international characters. If you see a non-ASCII |
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40 character appear as a hollow box, that means you don't have a font for |
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41 it. You might find a font in the intlfonts distribution. If some |
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42 characters don't look right, or appear improperly aligned, a font |
20213 | 43 from the intlfonts distribution might look better. |
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44 |
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45 The intlfonts distribution contains its own installation instructions, |
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46 in the intlfonts/README file. |
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47 |
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48 |
3199 | 49 BUILDING AND INSTALLATION: |
15209 | 50 |
51 (This is for a Unix or Unix-like system. For MSDOS, see below; search | |
52 for MSDOG. For Windows NT or Windows 95, see the file nt/INSTALL.) | |
3199 | 53 |
54 1) Make sure your system has enough swapping space allocated to handle | |
55 a program whose pure code is 900k bytes and whose data area is at | |
56 least 400k and can reach 8Mb or more. If the swapping space is | |
57 insufficient, you will get an error in the command `temacs -batch -l | |
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58 loadup dump', found in `./src/Makefile.in', or possibly when |
6062 | 59 running the final dumped Emacs. |
3199 | 60 |
12620 | 61 Building Emacs requires about 70 Mb of disk space (including the Emacs |
62 sources). Once installed, Emacs occupies about 35 Mb in the file | |
6062 | 63 system where it is installed; this includes the executable files, Lisp |
64 libraries, miscellaneous data files, and on-line documentation. If | |
65 the building and installation take place in different directories, | |
12620 | 66 then the installation procedure momentarily requires 70+35 Mb. |
3199 | 67 |
68 2) Consult `./etc/MACHINES' to see what configuration name you should | |
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69 give to the `configure' program. That file offers hints for |
3199 | 70 getting around some possible installation problems. |
71 | |
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72 3) You can build Emacs in the top-level Emacs source directory |
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73 or in a separate directory. |
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74 |
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75 3a) To build in the top-level Emacs source directory, go to that |
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76 directory and run the program `configure' as follows: |
3199 | 77 |
78 ./configure CONFIGURATION-NAME [--OPTION[=VALUE]] ... | |
79 | |
80 The CONFIGURATION-NAME argument should be a configuration name given | |
81 in `./etc/MACHINES'. If omitted, `configure' will try to guess your | |
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82 system type; if it cannot, you must find the appropriate configuration |
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83 name in `./etc/MACHINES' and specify it explicitly. |
3199 | 84 |
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85 If you don't want X support, specify `--with-x=no'. If you omit this |
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86 option, `configure' will try to figure out for itself whether your |
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87 system has X, and arrange to use it if present. |
3199 | 88 |
89 The `--x-includes=DIR' and `--x-libraries=DIR' options tell the build | |
90 process where the compiler should look for the include files and | |
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91 object libraries used with the X Window System. Normally, `configure' |
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92 is able to find them; these options are necessary if you have your X |
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93 Window System files installed in unusual places. These options also |
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94 accept a list of directories, separated with colons. |
6062 | 95 |
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96 To get more attractive menus, you can specify an X toolkit when you |
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97 configure Emacs; use the option `--with-x-toolkit=TOOLKIT', where |
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98 TOOLKIT is `athena' or `motif' (`yes' and `lucid' are synonyms for |
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99 `athena'). On some systems, it does not work to use a toolkit with |
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100 shared libraries. |
3199 | 101 |
102 The `--with-gcc' option specifies that the build process should | |
103 compile Emacs using GCC. If you don't want to use GCC, specify | |
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104 `--with-gcc=no'. If you omit this option, `configure' will search |
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105 for GCC in your path, and use it if present. |
3199 | 106 |
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107 If you want the Emacs mail reader RMAIL to read mail from a POP |
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108 server, you must specify `--with-pop'. This provides support for the |
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109 POP3 protocol; older versions are not supported. For |
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110 Kerberos-authenticated POP add `--with-kerberos', for Hesiod support |
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111 add `--with-hesiod'. These options enable Emacs to use POP; whether |
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112 Emacs uses POP is controlled by individual users--see the Rmail |
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113 chapter of the Emacs manual. |
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114 |
3199 | 115 The `--prefix=PREFIXDIR' option specifies where the installation process |
116 should put emacs and its data files. This defaults to `/usr/local'. | |
117 - Emacs (and the other utilities users run) go in PREFIXDIR/bin | |
118 (unless the `--exec-prefix' option says otherwise). | |
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119 - The architecture-independent files go in PREFIXDIR/share/emacs/VERSION |
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120 (where VERSION is the version number of Emacs, like `19.27'). |
3199 | 121 - The architecture-dependent files go in |
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122 PREFIXDIR/libexec/emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION |
3199 | 123 (where CONFIGURATION is the configuration name, like mips-dec-ultrix4.2), |
124 unless the `--exec-prefix' option says otherwise. | |
125 | |
126 The `--exec-prefix=EXECDIR' option allows you to specify a separate | |
127 portion of the directory tree for installing architecture-specific | |
128 files, like executables and utility programs. If specified, | |
129 - Emacs (and the other utilities users run) go in EXECDIR/bin, and | |
130 - The architecture-dependent files go in | |
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131 EXECDIR/libexec/emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION. |
3199 | 132 EXECDIR/bin should be a directory that is normally in users' PATHs. |
133 | |
134 For example, the command | |
135 | |
136 ./configure mips-dec-ultrix --with-x11 | |
137 | |
138 configures Emacs to build for a DECstation running Ultrix, with | |
139 support for the X11 window system. | |
140 | |
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141 `configure' doesn't do any compilation or installation |
3199 | 142 itself. It just creates the files that influence those things: |
9499 | 143 `./Makefile', `lib-src/Makefile', `oldXMenu/Makefile', |
144 `lwlib/Makefile', `src/Makefile', and `./src/config.h'. For details | |
145 on exactly what it does, see the section called `CONFIGURATION BY | |
146 HAND', below. | |
3199 | 147 |
148 When it is done, `configure' prints a description of what it did and | |
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149 creates a shell script `config.status' which, when run, recreates the |
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150 same configuration. If `configure' exits with an error after |
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151 disturbing the status quo, it removes `config.status'. `configure' |
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152 also creates a file `config.cache' that saves the results of its tests |
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153 to make reconfiguring faster, and a file `config.log' containing compiler |
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154 output (useful mainly for debugging `configure'). You can give |
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155 `configure' the option `--cache-file=FILE' to use the results of the |
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156 tests in FILE instead of `config.cache'. Set FILE to `/dev/null' to |
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157 disable caching, for debugging `configure'. |
3199 | 158 |
159 The work of `configure' can be done by editing various files in the | |
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160 distribution, but using `configure' is easier. See the section called |
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161 "CONFIGURATION BY HAND" below if you want to do the configuration |
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162 yourself. |
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163 |
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164 3b) To build in a separate directory, go to that directory |
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165 and run the program `configure' as follows: |
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166 |
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167 SOURCE-DIR/configure CONFIGURATION-NAME [--OPTION[=VALUE]] ... |
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168 |
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169 SOURCE-DIR refers to the top-level Emacs source directory which is |
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170 where Emacs's configure script is located. `configure' looks for the |
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171 Emacs source code in the directory that `configure' is in. |
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172 |
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173 To build in a separate directory, you must use a version of `make' |
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174 that supports the `VPATH' variable, such as GNU `make'. |
3199 | 175 |
176 4) Look at `./lisp/paths.el'; if some of those values are not right | |
11905 | 177 for your system, set up the file `./lisp/site-init.el' with Emacs |
178 Lisp code to override them; it is not a good idea to edit paths.el | |
3199 | 179 itself. YOU MUST USE THE LISP FUNCTION `setq' TO ASSIGN VALUES, |
180 rather than `defvar', as used by `./lisp/paths.el'. For example, | |
181 | |
182 (setq news-inews-program "/usr/bin/inews") | |
183 | |
184 is how you would override the default value of the variable | |
185 news-inews-program (which is "/usr/local/inews"). | |
186 | |
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187 Before you override a variable this way, *look at the value* that the |
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188 variable gets by default! Make sure you know what kind of value the |
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189 variable should have. If you don't pay attention to what you are |
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190 doing, you'll make a mistake. |
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191 |
6062 | 192 5) Put into `./lisp/site-init.el' or `./lisp/site-load.el' any Emacs |
193 Lisp code you want Emacs to load before it is dumped out. Use | |
194 site-load.el for additional libraries if you arrange for their | |
195 documentation strings to be in the etc/DOC file (see | |
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196 src/Makefile.in if you wish to figure out how to do that). For all |
7627 | 197 else, use site-init.el. |
3199 | 198 |
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199 If you set load-path to a different value in site-init.el or |
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200 site-load.el, Emacs will use *precisely* that value when it starts up |
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201 again. If you do this, you are on your own! |
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202 |
3199 | 203 Note that, on some systems, the code you place in site-init.el must |
204 not use expand-file-name or any other function which may look | |
205 something up in the system's password and user information database. | |
206 See `./PROBLEMS' for more details on which systems this affects. | |
207 | |
7627 | 208 The `site-*.el' files are nonexistent in the distribution. You do not |
209 need to create them if you have nothing to put in them. | |
3199 | 210 |
211 6) Refer to the file `./etc/TERMS' for information on fields you may | |
212 wish to add to various termcap entries. The files `./etc/termcap.ucb' | |
213 and `./etc/termcap.dat' may already contain appropriately-modified | |
214 entries. | |
215 | |
216 7) Run `make' in the top directory of the Emacs distribution to finish | |
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217 building Emacs in the standard way. The final executable file is |
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218 named `src/emacs'. You can execute this file "in place" without |
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219 copying it, if you wish; then it automatically uses the sibling |
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220 directories ../lisp, ../lib-src, ../info. |
3199 | 221 |
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222 Or you can "install" the executable and the other Emacs into their |
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223 installed locations, with `make install'. By default, Emacs's files |
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224 are installed in the following directories: |
3199 | 225 |
226 `/usr/local/bin' holds the executable programs users normally run - | |
7864 | 227 `emacs', `etags', `ctags', `b2m', `emacsclient', |
228 and `rcs-checkin'. | |
3199 | 229 |
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230 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/lisp' holds the Emacs Lisp library; |
3199 | 231 `VERSION' stands for the number of the Emacs version |
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232 you are installing, like `18.59' or `19.27'. Since the |
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233 Lisp library changes from one version of Emacs to |
3199 | 234 another, including the version number in the path |
235 allows you to have several versions of Emacs installed | |
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236 at the same time; in particular, you don't have to |
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237 make Emacs unavailable while installing a new version. |
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238 |
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239 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/site-lisp' holds the local Emacs Lisp |
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240 files installed for Emacs version VERSION only. |
3199 | 241 |
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242 `/usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp' holds the local Emacs Lisp |
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243 files installed for all Emacs versions. |
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244 |
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245 When Emacs is installed, it searches for its Lisp files |
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246 in `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/site-lisp', then in |
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247 `/usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp', and finally in |
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248 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/lisp'. |
3199 | 249 |
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250 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/etc' holds the Emacs tutorial, the DOC |
3199 | 251 file, the `yow' database, and other |
252 architecture-independent files Emacs might need while | |
253 running. VERSION is as specified for `.../lisp'. | |
254 | |
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255 `/usr/local/com/emacs/lock' contains files indicating who is editing |
3199 | 256 what, so Emacs can detect editing clashes between |
257 users. | |
258 | |
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259 `/usr/local/libexec/emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION-NAME' contains executable |
3199 | 260 programs used by Emacs that users are not expected to |
261 run themselves. | |
262 `VERSION' is the number of the Emacs version you are | |
263 installing, and `CONFIGURATION-NAME' is the argument | |
264 you gave to the `configure' program to identify the | |
265 architecture and operating system of your machine, | |
266 like `mips-dec-ultrix' or `sparc-sun-sunos'. Since | |
267 these files are specific to the version of Emacs, | |
268 operating system, and architecture in use, including | |
269 the configuration name in the path allows you to have | |
270 several versions of Emacs for any mix of machines and | |
271 operating systems installed at the same time; this is | |
272 useful for sites at which different kinds of machines | |
273 share the file system Emacs is installed on. | |
274 | |
275 `/usr/local/info' holds the on-line documentation for Emacs, known as | |
276 "info files". Many other GNU programs are documented | |
277 using info files as well, so this directory stands | |
278 apart from the other, Emacs-specific directories. | |
279 | |
280 `/usr/local/man/man1' holds the man pages for the programs installed | |
281 in `/usr/local/bin'. | |
282 | |
283 If these directories are not what you want, you can specify where to | |
284 install Emacs's libraries and data files or where Emacs should search | |
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285 for its Lisp files by giving values for `make' variables as part of |
3199 | 286 the command. See the section below called `MAKE VARIABLES' for more |
287 information on this. | |
288 | |
289 8) Check the file `dir' in your site's info directory (usually | |
290 /usr/local/info) to make sure that it has a menu entry for the Emacs | |
291 info files. | |
292 | |
6062 | 293 9) If your system uses lock files to interlock access to mailer inbox files, |
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294 then you might need to make the movemail program setuid or setgid |
6062 | 295 to enable it to write the lock files. We believe this is safe. |
296 | |
12620 | 297 10) You are done! You can remove executables and object files from |
298 the build directory by typing `make clean'. To also remove the files | |
299 that `configure' created (so you can compile Emacs for a different | |
300 configuration), type `make distclean'. | |
301 | |
3199 | 302 |
303 | |
304 MAKE VARIABLES | |
305 | |
306 You can change where the build process installs Emacs and its data | |
307 files by specifying values for `make' variables as part of the `make' | |
308 command line. For example, if you type | |
309 | |
310 make install bindir=/usr/local/gnubin | |
311 | |
312 the `bindir=/usr/local/gnubin' argument indicates that the Emacs | |
313 executable files should go in `/usr/local/gnubin', not | |
314 `/usr/local/bin'. | |
315 | |
316 Here is a complete list of the variables you may want to set. | |
317 | |
318 `bindir' indicates where to put executable programs that users can | |
319 run. This defaults to /usr/local/bin. | |
320 | |
321 `datadir' indicates where to put the architecture-independent | |
322 read-only data files that Emacs refers to while it runs; it | |
9499 | 323 defaults to /usr/local/share. We create the following |
3199 | 324 subdirectories under `datadir': |
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325 - `emacs/VERSION/lisp', containing the Emacs Lisp library, and |
3199 | 326 - `emacs/VERSION/etc', containing the Emacs tutorial, the DOC |
327 file, and the `yow' database. | |
328 `VERSION' is the number of the Emacs version you are installing, | |
329 like `18.59' or `19.0'. Since these files vary from one version | |
330 of Emacs to another, including the version number in the path | |
331 allows you to have several versions of Emacs installed at the | |
332 same time; this means that you don't have to make Emacs | |
333 unavailable while installing a new version. | |
334 | |
9499 | 335 `sharedstatedir' indicates where to put architecture-independent data files |
3199 | 336 that Emacs modifies while it runs; it defaults to |
9499 | 337 /usr/local/com. We create the following |
338 subdirectories under `sharedstatedir': | |
3199 | 339 - `emacs/lock', containing files indicating who is editing |
340 what, so Emacs can detect editing clashes between | |
341 users. | |
342 | |
9499 | 343 `libexecdir' indicates where to put architecture-specific data files that |
344 Emacs refers to as it runs; it defaults to `/usr/local/libexec'. | |
345 We create the following subdirectories under `libexecdir': | |
3199 | 346 - `emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION-NAME', containing executable |
347 programs used by Emacs that users are not expected to run | |
348 themselves. | |
349 `VERSION' is the number of the Emacs version you are installing, | |
350 and `CONFIGURATION-NAME' is the argument you gave to the | |
351 `configure' program to identify the architecture and operating | |
352 system of your machine, like `mips-dec-ultrix' or | |
353 `sparc-sun-sunos'. Since these files are specific to the version | |
354 of Emacs, operating system, and architecture in use, including | |
355 the configuration name in the path allows you to have several | |
356 versions of Emacs for any mix of machines and operating systems | |
357 installed at the same time; this is useful for sites at which | |
358 different kinds of machines share the file system Emacs is | |
359 installed on. | |
360 | |
361 `infodir' indicates where to put the info files distributed with | |
362 Emacs; it defaults to `/usr/local/info'. | |
363 | |
364 `mandir' indicates where to put the man pages for Emacs and its | |
365 utilities (like `etags'); it defaults to | |
366 `/usr/local/man/man1'. | |
367 | |
368 `manext' gives the extension the man pages should be installed with. | |
369 It should contain a period, followed by the appropriate | |
370 digit. It defaults to `.1'. For example given the default | |
371 values for `mandir' and `manext', the Emacs man page would be | |
372 installed as `/usr/local/man/man1/emacs.1'. | |
373 | |
374 `prefix' doesn't give a path for any specific part of Emacs; instead, | |
375 its value is used to determine the defaults for all the | |
376 architecture-independent path variables - `datadir', | |
9499 | 377 `sharedstatedir', `infodir', and `mandir'. Its default value is |
3199 | 378 `/usr/local'; the other variables add on `lib' or `man' to it |
379 by default. | |
380 | |
381 For example, suppose your site generally places GNU software | |
382 under `/usr/users/software/gnusoft' instead of `/usr/local'. | |
383 By including | |
384 `prefix=/usr/users/software/gnusoft' | |
385 in the arguments to `make', you can instruct the build process | |
386 to place all of the Emacs data files in the appropriate | |
387 directories under that path. | |
388 | |
389 `exec_prefix' serves the same purpose as `prefix', but instead | |
390 determines the default values for the architecture-dependent | |
9499 | 391 path variables - `bindir' and `libexecdir'. |
3199 | 392 |
393 The above variables serve analogous purposes in the makefiles for all | |
394 GNU software; here are some variables specific to Emacs. | |
395 | |
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396 `lispdir' indicates where Emacs installs and expects its Lisp library. |
12620 | 397 Its default value, based on `datadir' (see above), is |
398 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/lisp' (where `VERSION' is as | |
3199 | 399 described above). |
400 | |
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401 `locallisppath' indicates where Emacs should search for Lisp files |
3199 | 402 specific to your site. It should be a colon-separated list of |
403 directories; Emacs checks them in order before checking | |
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404 `lispdir'. Its default value, based on `datadir' (see above), is |
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405 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/site-lisp:/usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp'. |
3199 | 406 |
407 `lisppath' is the complete list of directories Emacs should search for | |
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408 its Lisp files; its default value is the concatenation of |
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409 `locallisppath' and `lispdir'. It should be a colon-separated |
3199 | 410 list of directories; Emacs checks them in the order they |
411 appear. | |
412 | |
413 `etcdir' indicates where Emacs should install and expect the rest of | |
414 its architecture-independent data, like the tutorial, DOC | |
415 file, and yow database. Its default value, based on `datadir' | |
12620 | 416 (which see), is `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/etc'. |
3199 | 417 |
418 `lockdir' indicates the directory where Emacs keeps track of its | |
12620 | 419 locking information. Its default value, based on |
420 `sharedstatedir' (which see), is `/usr/local/com/emacs/lock'. | |
3199 | 421 |
12620 | 422 `archlibdir' indicates where Emacs installs and expects the executable |
423 files and other architecture-dependent data it uses while | |
424 running. Its default value, based on `libexecdir' (which | |
425 see), is `/usr/local/libexec/emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION-NAME' | |
3199 | 426 (where VERSION and CONFIGURATION-NAME are as described above). |
427 | |
428 Remember that you must specify any variable values you need each time | |
429 you run `make' in the top directory. If you run `make' once to build | |
430 emacs, test it, and then run `make' again to install the files, you | |
431 must provide the same variable settings each time. To make the | |
432 settings persist, you can edit them into the `Makefile' in the top | |
433 directory, but be aware that running the `configure' program erases | |
434 `Makefile' and rebuilds it from `Makefile.in'. | |
435 | |
436 The top-level Makefile stores the variable settings it used in the | |
437 Makefiles for the subdirectories, so you don't have to specify them | |
438 when running make in the subdirectories. | |
439 | |
440 | |
441 CONFIGURATION BY HAND | |
442 | |
7864 | 443 Instead of running the `configure' program, you have to perform the |
444 following steps. | |
3199 | 445 |
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446 1) Copy `./src/config.in' to `./src/config.h'. |
3199 | 447 |
448 2) Consult `./etc/MACHINES' to see what configuration name you should | |
449 use for your system. Look at the code of the `configure' script to | |
450 see which operating system and architecture description files from | |
451 `src/s' and `src/m' should be used for that configuration name. Edit | |
452 `src/config.h', and change the two `#include' directives to include | |
453 the appropriate system and architecture description files. | |
454 | |
455 2) Edit `./src/config.h' to set the right options for your system. If | |
456 you need to override any of the definitions in the s/*.h and m/*.h | |
457 files for your system and machine, do so by editing config.h, not by | |
458 changing the s/*.h and m/*.h files. Occasionally you may need to | |
459 redefine parameters used in `./lib-src/movemail.c'. | |
460 | |
7864 | 461 3) Create src/Makefile and lib-src/Makefile from the corresponding |
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462 `Makefile.in' files. First copy `Makefile.in' to `Makefile.c', |
14020 | 463 then edit in appropriate substitutions for the @...@ constructs, |
7864 | 464 and then copy the shell commands near the end of `configure' |
465 that run cpp to construct `Makefile'. | |
3199 | 466 |
7864 | 467 4) Create `Makefile' files in various other directories |
468 from the corresponding `Makefile.in' files. This isn't so hard, | |
469 just a matter of substitution. | |
3199 | 470 |
471 The `configure' script is built from `configure.in' by the `autoconf' | |
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472 program. You need version 2.0 or newer of `autoconf' to rebuild `configure'. |
3199 | 473 |
474 BUILDING GNU EMACS BY HAND | |
475 | |
9507 | 476 Once Emacs is configured, running `make' in the top directory performs |
477 the following steps. | |
3199 | 478 |
479 1) Run `make src/paths.h' in the top directory. This produces | |
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480 `./src/paths.h' from the template file `./src/paths.in', changing |
3199 | 481 the paths to the values specified in `./Makefile'. |
482 | |
7864 | 483 2) Go to directory `./lib-src' and run `make'. This creates |
484 executables named `ctags' and `etags' and `wakeup' and `make-docfile' | |
485 and `digest-doc' and `test-distrib'. And others. | |
3199 | 486 |
7864 | 487 3) Go to directory `./src' and Run `make'. This refers to files in |
488 the `./lisp' and `./lib-src' subdirectories using names `../lisp' and | |
3199 | 489 `../lib-src'. |
490 | |
491 This creates a file `./src/emacs' which is the runnable Emacs, | |
7864 | 492 which has another name that contains a version number. |
493 Each time you do this, that version number increments in the last place. | |
3199 | 494 |
495 It also creates a file in `./etc' whose name is `DOC' followed by the | |
496 current Emacs version. This file contains documentation strings for | |
497 all the functions in Emacs. Each time you run make to make a new | |
498 emacs, a new DOC file with a new name is made. You must keep the DOC | |
499 file for an Emacs version as long as you keep using that Emacs | |
500 version. | |
501 | |
502 | |
503 INSTALLATION BY HAND | |
504 | |
9507 | 505 The steps below are done by running `make install' in the main |
506 directory of the Emacs distribution. | |
3199 | 507 |
508 1) Copy `./lisp' and its subdirectories, `./etc', and the executables | |
509 in `./lib-src' to their final destinations, as selected in `./src/paths.h'. | |
510 | |
511 Strictly speaking, not all of the executables in `./lib-src' need be copied. | |
7627 | 512 - The programs `cvtmail', `emacsserver', `fakemail', `hexl', |
7864 | 513 `movemail', `profile', `rcs2log', `timer', `vcdiff', `wakeup', |
514 and `yow' are used by Emacs; they do need to be copied. | |
515 - The programs `etags', `ctags', `emacsclient', `b2m', and `rcs-checkin' | |
3199 | 516 are intended to be run by users; they are handled below. |
9498 | 517 - The programs `make-docfile' and `test-distrib' were |
3199 | 518 used in building Emacs, and are not needed any more. |
519 - The programs `digest-doc' and `sorted-doc' convert a `DOC' file into | |
520 a file for users to read. There is no important reason to move them. | |
521 | |
522 2) Copy the files in `./info' to the place specified in | |
523 `./lisp/site-init.el' or `./lisp/paths.el'. Note that if the | |
524 destination directory already contains a file named `dir', you | |
525 probably don't want to replace it with the `dir' file in the Emacs | |
526 distribution. Instead, you should make sure that the existing `dir' | |
527 file contains an appropriate menu entry for the Emacs info. | |
528 | |
529 3) Create a directory for Emacs to use for clash detection, named as | |
530 indicated by the PATH_LOCK macro in `./src/paths.h'. | |
531 | |
532 4) Copy `./src/emacs' to `/usr/local/bin', or to some other directory | |
533 in users' search paths. `./src/emacs' has an alternate name | |
534 `./src/emacs-EMACSVERSION'; you may wish to make a symbolic link named | |
535 `/usr/local/bin/emacs' pointing to that alternate name, as an easy way | |
536 of installing different versions. | |
537 | |
538 You can delete `./src/temacs'. | |
539 | |
540 5) Copy the programs `b2m', `emacsclient', `ctags', `etags', and | |
7864 | 541 `rcs-checkin' from `./lib-src' to `/usr/local/bin'. These programs are |
3199 | 542 intended for users to run. |
543 | |
544 6) Copy the man pages in `./etc' for emacs, ctags, and etags into the | |
545 appropriate man directories. | |
546 | |
547 7) The files in the `./src' subdirectory, except for `emacs', are not | |
7864 | 548 used by Emacs once it is built. However, it is very desirable to keep |
549 the source on line for debugging. | |
3199 | 550 |
551 | |
552 PROBLEMS | |
553 | |
554 See the file PROBLEMS in this directory for a list of various | |
555 problems sometimes encountered, and what to do about them. | |
556 | |
557 | |
6062 | 558 Installation on MSDOG (a.k.a. MSDOS) |
559 | |
7627 | 560 To install on MSDOG, you need to have the GNU C compiler for MSDOG |
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561 (also known as djgpp), GNU Make, rm, mv, and sed. See the remarks in |
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562 config.bat for more information about locations and versions. The |
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563 file etc/FAQ includes pointers to Internet sites where you can find |
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564 the necessary utilities; search for "MS-DOS". The configuration step |
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565 (see below) will test for these utilities and will refuse to continue |
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566 if any of them isn't found. |
6062 | 567 |
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568 If you are building the MSDOG version of Emacs on an MSDOG-like system |
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569 which supports long file names (e.g. Windows 95), you need to make |
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570 sure that long file names are handled consistently both when you |
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571 unpack the distribution and compile it. If you intend to compile with |
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572 DJGPP v2.0 or later, and long file names support is enabled (LFN=y in |
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573 the environment), you need to unpack Emacs distribution in a way that |
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574 doesn't truncate the original long filenames to the DOS 8.3 namespace; |
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575 the easiest way to do this is to use djtar program which comes with |
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576 DJGPP, since it will note the LFN setting and behave accordingly. |
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577 DJGPP v1 doesn't support long filenames, so you must unpack Emacs with |
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578 a program that truncates the filenames to 8.3 naming as it extracts |
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579 files; again, using djtar after setting LFN=n is the recommended way. |
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580 You can build Emacs with LFN=n even if you use DJGPP v2, if some of |
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581 your tools don't support long file names: just ensure that LFN is set |
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582 to `n' during both unpacking and compiling. |
15017 | 583 |
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584 (By the time you read this, you have already unpacked the Emacs |
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585 distribution, but if the explanations above imply that you should have |
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586 done it differently, it's safer to delete the directory tree created |
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587 by the unpacking program and unpack Emacs again, than to risk running |
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588 into problems during the build process.) |
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589 |
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590 It is important to understand that the runtime support of long file |
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591 names by the Emacs binary is NOT affected by the LFN setting during |
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592 compilation; Emacs compiled with DJGPP v2.0 or later will always |
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593 support long file names on Windows 95 no matter what was the setting |
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594 of LFN at compile time. However, if you compiled with LFN disabled |
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595 and want to enable LFN support after Emacs was already built, you need |
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596 to make sure that the support files in the lisp, etc and info |
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597 directories are called by their original long names as found in the |
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598 distribution. You can do this either by renaming the files manually, |
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599 or by extracting them from the original distribution archive with |
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600 djtar after you set LFN=y in the environment. |
15017 | 601 |
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602 To unpack Emacs with djtar, type this command: |
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603 |
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604 djtar -x emacs.tgz |
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605 |
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606 (This assumes that the Emacs distribution is called `emacs.tgz' on |
19635 | 607 your system.) |
12343 | 608 |
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609 When unpacking is done, a directory called `emacs-XX.YY' will be |
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610 created, where XX.YY is the Emacs version. To build and install |
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611 Emacs, chdir to that directory and type these commands: |
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612 |
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613 config msdos |
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614 make install |
6062 | 615 |
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616 Building Emacs creates executable files in the src and lib-src |
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617 directories. Installing Emacs on MSDOS moves these executables to a |
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618 sibling directory called bin. For example, if you build in directory |
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619 /emacs, installing moves the executables from /emacs/src and |
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620 /emacs/lib-src to the directory /emacs/bin, so you can then delete the |
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621 subdirectories /emacs/src and /emacs/lib-src if you wish. The only |
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622 subdirectories you need to keep are bin, lisp, etc and info. The bin |
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623 subdirectory should be added to your PATH. The msdos subdirectory |
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624 includes a PIF and an icon file for Emacs which you might find useful |
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625 if you run Emacs under MS Windows. |
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626 |
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627 Emacs on MSDOS finds the lisp, etc and info directories by looking in |
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628 ../lisp, ../etc and ../info, starting from the directory where the |
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629 Emacs executable was run from. You can override this by setting the |
19635 | 630 environment variables EMACSDATA (for the location of `etc' directory), |
631 EMACSLOADPATH (for the location of `lisp' directory) and INFOPATH (for | |
632 the location of the `info' directory). | |
6062 | 633 |
7627 | 634 MSDOG is a not a multitasking operating system, so Emacs features such |
635 as asynchronous subprocesses that depend on multitasking will not | |
636 work. Synchronous subprocesses do work. | |
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637 |
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638 Version 2.0 of djgpp has two bugs that affect Emacs. We've included |
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639 corrected versions of two files from djgpp in the msdos subdirectory: |
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640 is_exec.c and sigaction.c. To work around the bugs, compile these |
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641 files and link them into temacs. Djgpp version 2.01 have these bugs |
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642 fixed, so upgrade if you can before building Emacs. |