Mercurial > emacs
annotate lisp/calc/calc-comb.el @ 102929:6be674ea734e
* vc-dir.el (vc-dir): Dox fix.
author | Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org> |
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date | Fri, 10 Apr 2009 14:19:12 +0000 |
parents | a9dc0e7c3f2b |
children | 1d1d5d9bd884 |
rev | line source |
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1 ;;; calc-comb.el --- combinatoric functions for Calc |
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2 |
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3 ;; Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, |
100908 | 4 ;; 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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5 |
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6 ;; Author: David Gillespie <daveg@synaptics.com> |
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7 ;; Maintainer: Jay Belanger <jay.p.belanger@gmail.com> |
40785 | 8 |
9 ;; This file is part of GNU Emacs. | |
10 | |
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11 ;; GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify |
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12 ;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by |
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13 ;; the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or |
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14 ;; (at your option) any later version. |
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16 ;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, |
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17 ;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of |
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18 ;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the |
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19 ;; GNU General Public License for more details. |
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20 |
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21 ;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License |
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22 ;; along with GNU Emacs. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. |
40785 | 23 |
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24 ;;; Commentary: |
40785 | 25 |
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26 ;;; Code: |
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28 ;; This file is autoloaded from calc-ext.el. | |
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29 |
40785 | 30 (require 'calc-ext) |
31 (require 'calc-macs) | |
32 | |
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33 (defconst math-primes-table |
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79 4987 4993 4999 5003]) |
40785 | 80 |
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81 ;; The variable math-prime-factors-finished is set by calcFunc-prfac to |
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82 ;; indicate whether factoring is complete, and used by calcFunc-factors, |
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83 ;; calcFunc-totient and calcFunc-moebius. |
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84 (defvar math-prime-factors-finished) |
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85 |
40785 | 86 ;;; Combinatorics |
87 | |
88 (defun calc-gcd (arg) | |
89 (interactive "P") | |
90 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
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91 (calc-binary-op "gcd" 'calcFunc-gcd arg))) |
40785 | 92 |
93 (defun calc-lcm (arg) | |
94 (interactive "P") | |
95 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
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96 (calc-binary-op "lcm" 'calcFunc-lcm arg))) |
40785 | 97 |
98 (defun calc-extended-gcd () | |
99 (interactive) | |
100 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
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101 (calc-enter-result 2 "egcd" (cons 'calcFunc-egcd (calc-top-list-n 2))))) |
40785 | 102 |
103 (defun calc-factorial (arg) | |
104 (interactive "P") | |
105 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
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106 (calc-unary-op "fact" 'calcFunc-fact arg))) |
40785 | 107 |
108 (defun calc-gamma (arg) | |
109 (interactive "P") | |
110 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
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111 (calc-unary-op "gmma" 'calcFunc-gamma arg))) |
40785 | 112 |
113 (defun calc-double-factorial (arg) | |
114 (interactive "P") | |
115 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
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116 (calc-unary-op "dfac" 'calcFunc-dfact arg))) |
40785 | 117 |
118 (defun calc-choose (arg) | |
119 (interactive "P") | |
120 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
121 (if (calc-is-hyperbolic) | |
122 (calc-binary-op "perm" 'calcFunc-perm arg) | |
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123 (calc-binary-op "chos" 'calcFunc-choose arg)))) |
40785 | 124 |
125 (defun calc-perm (arg) | |
126 (interactive "P") | |
127 (calc-hyperbolic-func) | |
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128 (calc-choose arg)) |
40785 | 129 |
130 (defvar calc-last-random-limit '(float 1 0)) | |
131 (defun calc-random (n) | |
132 (interactive "P") | |
133 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
134 (if n | |
135 (calc-enter-result 0 "rand" (list 'calcFunc-random | |
136 (calc-get-random-limit | |
137 (prefix-numeric-value n)))) | |
138 (calc-enter-result 1 "rand" (list 'calcFunc-random | |
139 (calc-get-random-limit | |
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140 (calc-top-n 1))))))) |
40785 | 141 |
142 (defun calc-get-random-limit (val) | |
143 (if (eq val 0) | |
144 calc-last-random-limit | |
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145 (setq calc-last-random-limit val))) |
40785 | 146 |
147 (defun calc-rrandom () | |
148 (interactive) | |
149 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
150 (setq calc-last-random-limit '(float 1 0)) | |
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151 (calc-enter-result 0 "rand" (list 'calcFunc-random '(float 1 0))))) |
40785 | 152 |
153 (defun calc-random-again (arg) | |
154 (interactive "p") | |
155 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
156 (while (>= (setq arg (1- arg)) 0) | |
157 (calc-enter-result 0 "rand" (list 'calcFunc-random | |
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158 calc-last-random-limit))))) |
40785 | 159 |
160 (defun calc-shuffle (n) | |
161 (interactive "P") | |
162 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
163 (if n | |
164 (calc-enter-result 1 "shuf" (list 'calcFunc-shuffle | |
165 (prefix-numeric-value n) | |
166 (calc-get-random-limit | |
167 (calc-top-n 1)))) | |
168 (calc-enter-result 2 "shuf" (list 'calcFunc-shuffle | |
169 (calc-top-n 1) | |
170 (calc-get-random-limit | |
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171 (calc-top-n 2))))))) |
40785 | 172 |
173 (defun calc-report-prime-test (res) | |
174 (cond ((eq (car res) t) | |
175 (calc-record-message "prim" "Prime (guaranteed)")) | |
176 ((eq (car res) nil) | |
177 (if (cdr res) | |
178 (if (eq (nth 1 res) 'unknown) | |
179 (calc-record-message | |
180 "prim" "Non-prime (factors unknown)") | |
181 (calc-record-message | |
182 "prim" "Non-prime (%s is a factor)" | |
183 (math-format-number (nth 1 res)))) | |
184 (calc-record-message "prim" "Non-prime"))) | |
185 (t | |
186 (calc-record-message | |
187 "prim" "Probably prime (%d iters; %s%% chance of error)" | |
188 (nth 1 res) | |
189 (let ((calc-float-format '(fix 2))) | |
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190 (math-format-number (nth 2 res))))))) |
40785 | 191 |
192 (defun calc-prime-test (iters) | |
193 (interactive "p") | |
194 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
195 (let* ((n (calc-top-n 1)) | |
196 (res (math-prime-test n iters))) | |
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197 (calc-report-prime-test res)))) |
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199 (defvar calc-verbose-nextprime nil) |
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200 |
40785 | 201 (defun calc-next-prime (iters) |
202 (interactive "p") | |
203 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
204 (let ((calc-verbose-nextprime t)) | |
205 (if (calc-is-inverse) | |
206 (calc-enter-result 1 "prvp" (list 'calcFunc-prevprime | |
207 (calc-top-n 1) (math-abs iters))) | |
208 (calc-enter-result 1 "nxtp" (list 'calcFunc-nextprime | |
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209 (calc-top-n 1) (math-abs iters))))))) |
40785 | 210 |
211 (defun calc-prev-prime (iters) | |
212 (interactive "p") | |
213 (calc-invert-func) | |
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214 (calc-next-prime iters)) |
40785 | 215 |
216 (defun calc-prime-factors (iters) | |
217 (interactive "p") | |
218 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
219 (let ((res (calcFunc-prfac (calc-top-n 1)))) | |
220 (if (not math-prime-factors-finished) | |
221 (calc-record-message "pfac" "Warning: May not be fully factored")) | |
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222 (calc-enter-result 1 "pfac" res)))) |
40785 | 223 |
224 (defun calc-totient (arg) | |
225 (interactive "P") | |
226 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
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227 (calc-unary-op "phi" 'calcFunc-totient arg))) |
40785 | 228 |
229 (defun calc-moebius (arg) | |
230 (interactive "P") | |
231 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
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232 (calc-unary-op "mu" 'calcFunc-moebius arg))) |
40785 | 233 |
234 | |
235 (defun calcFunc-gcd (a b) | |
236 (if (Math-messy-integerp a) | |
237 (setq a (math-trunc a))) | |
238 (if (Math-messy-integerp b) | |
239 (setq b (math-trunc b))) | |
240 (cond ((and (Math-integerp a) (Math-integerp b)) | |
241 (math-gcd a b)) | |
242 ((Math-looks-negp a) | |
243 (calcFunc-gcd (math-neg a) b)) | |
244 ((Math-looks-negp b) | |
245 (calcFunc-gcd a (math-neg b))) | |
246 ((Math-zerop a) b) | |
247 ((Math-zerop b) a) | |
248 ((and (Math-ratp a) | |
249 (Math-ratp b)) | |
250 (math-make-frac (math-gcd (if (eq (car-safe a) 'frac) (nth 1 a) a) | |
251 (if (eq (car-safe b) 'frac) (nth 1 b) b)) | |
252 (calcFunc-lcm | |
253 (if (eq (car-safe a) 'frac) (nth 2 a) 1) | |
254 (if (eq (car-safe b) 'frac) (nth 2 b) 1)))) | |
255 ((not (Math-integerp a)) | |
256 (calc-record-why 'integerp a) | |
257 (list 'calcFunc-gcd a b)) | |
258 (t | |
259 (calc-record-why 'integerp b) | |
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260 (list 'calcFunc-gcd a b)))) |
40785 | 261 |
262 (defun calcFunc-lcm (a b) | |
263 (let ((g (calcFunc-gcd a b))) | |
264 (if (Math-numberp g) | |
265 (math-div (math-mul a b) g) | |
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266 (list 'calcFunc-lcm a b)))) |
40785 | 267 |
268 (defun calcFunc-egcd (a b) ; Knuth section 4.5.2 | |
269 (cond | |
270 ((not (Math-integerp a)) | |
271 (if (Math-messy-integerp a) | |
272 (calcFunc-egcd (math-trunc a) b) | |
273 (calc-record-why 'integerp a) | |
274 (list 'calcFunc-egcd a b))) | |
275 ((not (Math-integerp b)) | |
276 (if (Math-messy-integerp b) | |
277 (calcFunc-egcd a (math-trunc b)) | |
278 (calc-record-why 'integerp b) | |
279 (list 'calcFunc-egcd a b))) | |
280 (t | |
281 (let ((u1 1) (u2 0) (u3 a) | |
282 (v1 0) (v2 1) (v3 b) | |
283 t1 t2 q) | |
284 (while (not (eq v3 0)) | |
285 (setq q (math-idivmod u3 v3) | |
286 t1 (math-sub u1 (math-mul v1 (car q))) | |
287 t2 (math-sub u2 (math-mul v2 (car q))) | |
288 u1 v1 u2 v2 u3 v3 | |
289 v1 t1 v2 t2 v3 (cdr q))) | |
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290 (list 'vec u3 u1 u2))))) |
40785 | 291 |
292 | |
293 ;;; Factorial and related functions. | |
294 | |
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295 (defconst math-small-factorial-table |
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296 (vector 1 1 2 6 24 120 720 5040 40320 362880 3628800 39916800 |
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297 (math-read-number-simple "479001600") |
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298 (math-read-number-simple "6227020800") |
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299 (math-read-number-simple "87178291200") |
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300 (math-read-number-simple "1307674368000") |
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301 (math-read-number-simple "20922789888000") |
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302 (math-read-number-simple "355687428096000") |
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303 (math-read-number-simple "6402373705728000") |
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304 (math-read-number-simple "121645100408832000") |
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305 (math-read-number-simple "2432902008176640000"))) |
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306 |
40785 | 307 (defun calcFunc-fact (n) ; [I I] [F F] [Public] |
308 (let (temp) | |
309 (cond ((Math-integer-negp n) | |
310 (if calc-infinite-mode | |
311 '(var uinf var-uinf) | |
312 (math-reject-arg n 'range))) | |
313 ((integerp n) | |
314 (if (<= n 20) | |
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315 (aref math-small-factorial-table n) |
40785 | 316 (math-factorial-iter (1- n) 2 1))) |
317 ((and (math-messy-integerp n) | |
318 (Math-lessp n 100)) | |
319 (math-inexact-result) | |
320 (setq temp (math-trunc n)) | |
321 (if (>= temp 0) | |
322 (if (<= temp 20) | |
323 (math-float (calcFunc-fact temp)) | |
324 (math-with-extra-prec 1 | |
325 (math-factorial-iter (1- temp) 2 '(float 1 0)))) | |
326 (math-reject-arg n 'range))) | |
327 ((math-numberp n) | |
328 (let* ((q (math-quarter-integer n)) | |
329 (tn (and q (Math-lessp n 1000) (Math-lessp -1000 n) | |
330 (1+ (math-floor n))))) | |
331 (cond ((and tn (= q 2) | |
332 (or calc-symbolic-mode (< (math-abs tn) 20))) | |
333 (let ((q (if (< tn 0) | |
334 (math-div | |
335 (math-pow -2 (- tn)) | |
336 (math-double-factorial-iter (* -2 tn) 3 1 2)) | |
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337 (math-div |
40785 | 338 (math-double-factorial-iter (* 2 tn) 3 1 2) |
339 (math-pow 2 tn))))) | |
340 (math-mul q (if calc-symbolic-mode | |
341 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt '(var pi var-pi)) | |
342 (math-sqrt-pi))))) | |
343 ((and tn (>= tn 0) (< tn 20) | |
344 (memq q '(1 3))) | |
345 (math-inexact-result) | |
346 (math-div | |
347 (math-mul (math-double-factorial-iter (* 4 tn) q 1 4) | |
348 (if (= q 1) (math-gamma-1q) (math-gamma-3q))) | |
349 (math-pow 4 tn))) | |
350 (t | |
351 (math-inexact-result) | |
352 (math-with-extra-prec 3 | |
353 (math-gammap1-raw (math-float n))))))) | |
354 ((equal n '(var inf var-inf)) n) | |
355 (t (calc-record-why 'numberp n) | |
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356 (list 'calcFunc-fact n))))) |
40785 | 357 |
358 (math-defcache math-gamma-1q nil | |
359 (math-with-extra-prec 3 | |
360 (math-gammap1-raw '(float -75 -2)))) | |
361 | |
362 (math-defcache math-gamma-3q nil | |
363 (math-with-extra-prec 3 | |
364 (math-gammap1-raw '(float -25 -2)))) | |
365 | |
366 (defun math-factorial-iter (count n f) | |
367 (if (= (% n 5) 1) | |
368 (math-working (format "factorial(%d)" (1- n)) f)) | |
369 (if (> count 0) | |
370 (math-factorial-iter (1- count) (1+ n) (math-mul n f)) | |
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371 f)) |
40785 | 372 |
373 (defun calcFunc-dfact (n) ; [I I] [F F] [Public] | |
374 (cond ((Math-integer-negp n) | |
375 (if (math-oddp n) | |
376 (if (eq n -1) | |
377 1 | |
378 (math-div (if (eq (math-mod n 4) 3) 1 -1) | |
379 (calcFunc-dfact (math-sub -2 n)))) | |
380 (list 'calcFunc-dfact n))) | |
381 ((Math-zerop n) 1) | |
382 ((integerp n) (math-double-factorial-iter n (+ 2 (% n 2)) 1 2)) | |
383 ((math-messy-integerp n) | |
384 (let ((temp (math-trunc n))) | |
385 (math-inexact-result) | |
386 (if (natnump temp) | |
387 (if (Math-lessp temp 200) | |
388 (math-with-extra-prec 1 | |
389 (math-double-factorial-iter temp (+ 2 (% temp 2)) | |
390 '(float 1 0) 2)) | |
391 (let* ((half (math-div2 temp)) | |
392 (even (math-mul (math-pow 2 half) | |
393 (calcFunc-fact (math-float half))))) | |
394 (if (math-evenp temp) | |
395 even | |
396 (math-div (calcFunc-fact n) even)))) | |
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397 (list 'calcFunc-dfact n)))) |
40785 | 398 ((equal n '(var inf var-inf)) n) |
399 (t (calc-record-why 'natnump n) | |
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400 (list 'calcFunc-dfact n)))) |
40785 | 401 |
402 (defun math-double-factorial-iter (max n f step) | |
403 (if (< (% n 12) step) | |
404 (math-working (format "dfact(%d)" (- n step)) f)) | |
405 (if (<= n max) | |
406 (math-double-factorial-iter max (+ n step) (math-mul n f) step) | |
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407 f)) |
40785 | 408 |
409 (defun calcFunc-perm (n m) ; [I I I] [F F F] [Public] | |
410 (cond ((and (integerp n) (integerp m) (<= m n) (>= m 0)) | |
411 (math-factorial-iter m (1+ (- n m)) 1)) | |
412 ((or (not (math-num-integerp n)) | |
413 (and (math-messy-integerp n) (Math-lessp 100 n)) | |
414 (not (math-num-integerp m)) | |
415 (and (math-messy-integerp m) (Math-lessp 100 m))) | |
416 (or (math-realp n) (equal n '(var inf var-inf)) | |
417 (math-reject-arg n 'realp)) | |
418 (or (math-realp m) (equal m '(var inf var-inf)) | |
419 (math-reject-arg m 'realp)) | |
420 (and (math-num-integerp n) (math-negp n) (math-reject-arg n 'range)) | |
421 (and (math-num-integerp m) (math-negp m) (math-reject-arg m 'range)) | |
422 (math-div (calcFunc-fact n) (calcFunc-fact (math-sub n m)))) | |
423 (t | |
424 (let ((tn (math-trunc n)) | |
425 (tm (math-trunc m))) | |
426 (math-inexact-result) | |
427 (or (integerp tn) (math-reject-arg tn 'fixnump)) | |
428 (or (integerp tm) (math-reject-arg tm 'fixnump)) | |
429 (or (and (<= tm tn) (>= tm 0)) (math-reject-arg tm 'range)) | |
430 (math-with-extra-prec 1 | |
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431 (math-factorial-iter tm (1+ (- tn tm)) '(float 1 0))))))) |
40785 | 432 |
433 (defun calcFunc-choose (n m) ; [I I I] [F F F] [Public] | |
434 (cond ((and (integerp n) (integerp m) (<= m n) (>= m 0)) | |
435 (if (> m (/ n 2)) | |
436 (math-choose-iter (- n m) n 1 1) | |
437 (math-choose-iter m n 1 1))) | |
438 ((not (math-realp n)) | |
439 (math-reject-arg n 'realp)) | |
440 ((not (math-realp m)) | |
441 (math-reject-arg m 'realp)) | |
442 ((not (math-num-integerp m)) | |
443 (if (and (math-num-integerp n) (math-negp n)) | |
444 (list 'calcFunc-choose n m) | |
445 (math-div (calcFunc-fact (math-float n)) | |
446 (math-mul (calcFunc-fact m) | |
447 (calcFunc-fact (math-sub n m)))))) | |
448 ((math-negp m) 0) | |
449 ((math-negp n) | |
450 (let ((val (calcFunc-choose (math-add (math-add n m) -1) m))) | |
451 (if (math-evenp (math-trunc m)) | |
452 val | |
453 (math-neg val)))) | |
454 ((and (math-num-integerp n) | |
455 (Math-lessp n m)) | |
456 0) | |
457 (t | |
458 (math-inexact-result) | |
459 (let ((tm (math-trunc m))) | |
460 (or (integerp tm) (math-reject-arg tm 'fixnump)) | |
461 (if (> tm 100) | |
462 (math-div (calcFunc-fact (math-float n)) | |
463 (math-mul (calcFunc-fact (math-float m)) | |
464 (calcFunc-fact (math-float | |
465 (math-sub n m))))) | |
466 (math-with-extra-prec 1 | |
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467 (math-choose-float-iter tm n 1 1))))))) |
40785 | 468 |
469 (defun math-choose-iter (m n i c) | |
470 (if (and (= (% i 5) 1) (> i 5)) | |
471 (math-working (format "choose(%d)" (1- i)) c)) | |
472 (if (<= i m) | |
473 (math-choose-iter m (1- n) (1+ i) | |
474 (math-quotient (math-mul c n) i)) | |
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475 c)) |
40785 | 476 |
477 (defun math-choose-float-iter (count n i c) | |
478 (if (= (% i 5) 1) | |
479 (math-working (format "choose(%d)" (1- i)) c)) | |
480 (if (> count 0) | |
481 (math-choose-float-iter (1- count) (math-sub n 1) (1+ i) | |
482 (math-div (math-mul c n) i)) | |
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483 c)) |
40785 | 484 |
485 | |
486 ;;; Stirling numbers. | |
487 | |
488 (defun calcFunc-stir1 (n m) | |
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489 (math-stirling-number n m 1)) |
40785 | 490 |
491 (defun calcFunc-stir2 (n m) | |
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492 (math-stirling-number n m 0)) |
40785 | 493 |
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494 (defvar math-stirling-cache (vector [[1]] [[1]])) |
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495 |
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496 ;; The variable math-stirling-local-cache is local to |
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497 ;; math-stirling-number, but is used by math-stirling-1 |
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498 ;; and math-stirling-2, which are called by math-stirling-number. |
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499 (defvar math-stirling-local-cache) |
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500 |
40785 | 501 (defun math-stirling-number (n m k) |
502 (or (math-num-natnump n) (math-reject-arg n 'natnump)) | |
503 (or (math-num-natnump m) (math-reject-arg m 'natnump)) | |
504 (if (consp n) (setq n (math-trunc n))) | |
505 (or (integerp n) (math-reject-arg n 'fixnump)) | |
506 (if (consp m) (setq m (math-trunc m))) | |
507 (or (integerp m) (math-reject-arg m 'fixnump)) | |
508 (if (< n m) | |
509 0 | |
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510 (let ((math-stirling-local-cache (aref math-stirling-cache k))) |
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511 (while (<= (length math-stirling-local-cache) n) |
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512 (let ((i (1- (length math-stirling-local-cache))) |
40785 | 513 row) |
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514 (setq math-stirling-local-cache |
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515 (vconcat math-stirling-local-cache |
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516 (make-vector (length math-stirling-local-cache) nil))) |
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517 (aset math-stirling-cache k math-stirling-local-cache) |
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518 (while (< (setq i (1+ i)) (length math-stirling-local-cache)) |
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519 (aset math-stirling-local-cache i (setq row (make-vector (1+ i) nil))) |
40785 | 520 (aset row 0 0) |
521 (aset row i 1)))) | |
522 (if (= k 1) | |
523 (math-stirling-1 n m) | |
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524 (math-stirling-2 n m))))) |
40785 | 525 |
526 (defun math-stirling-1 (n m) | |
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527 (or (aref (aref math-stirling-local-cache n) m) |
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528 (aset (aref math-stirling-local-cache n) m |
40785 | 529 (math-add (math-stirling-1 (1- n) (1- m)) |
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530 (math-mul (- 1 n) (math-stirling-1 (1- n) m)))))) |
40785 | 531 |
532 (defun math-stirling-2 (n m) | |
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533 (or (aref (aref math-stirling-local-cache n) m) |
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534 (aset (aref math-stirling-local-cache n) m |
40785 | 535 (math-add (math-stirling-2 (1- n) (1- m)) |
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536 (math-mul m (math-stirling-2 (1- n) m)))))) |
40785 | 537 |
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538 (defvar math-random-table nil) |
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539 (defvar math-last-RandSeed nil) |
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540 (defvar math-random-ptr1 nil) |
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541 (defvar math-random-ptr2 nil) |
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542 (defvar math-random-shift nil) |
40785 | 543 |
544 ;;; Produce a random 10-bit integer, with (random) if no seed provided, | |
545 ;;; or else with Numerical Recipes algorithm ran3 / Knuth 3.2.2-A. | |
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546 |
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547 (defvar var-RandSeed) |
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548 (defvar math-random-cache nil) |
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549 (defvar math-gaussian-cache nil) |
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550 |
40785 | 551 (defun math-init-random-base () |
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552 (if (and (boundp 'var-RandSeed) var-RandSeed) |
40785 | 553 (if (eq (car-safe var-RandSeed) 'vec) |
554 nil | |
555 (if (Math-integerp var-RandSeed) | |
556 (let* ((seed (math-sub 161803 var-RandSeed)) | |
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557 (mj (1+ (math-mod seed 1000000))) |
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558 (mk (1+ (math-mod (math-quotient seed 1000000) |
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559 1000000))) |
40785 | 560 (i 0)) |
561 (setq math-random-table (cons 'vec (make-list 55 mj))) | |
562 (while (<= (setq i (1+ i)) 54) | |
563 (let* ((ii (% (* i 21) 55)) | |
564 (p (nthcdr ii math-random-table))) | |
565 (setcar p mk) | |
566 (setq mk (- mj mk) | |
567 mj (car p))))) | |
568 (math-reject-arg var-RandSeed "*RandSeed must be an integer")) | |
569 (setq var-RandSeed (list 'vec var-RandSeed) | |
570 math-random-ptr1 math-random-table | |
571 math-random-cache nil | |
572 math-random-ptr2 (nthcdr 31 math-random-table)) | |
573 (let ((i 200)) | |
574 (while (> (setq i (1- i)) 0) | |
575 (math-random-base)))) | |
576 (random t) | |
577 (setq var-RandSeed nil | |
578 math-random-cache nil | |
579 math-random-shift -4) ; assume RAND_MAX >= 16383 | |
580 ;; This exercises the random number generator and also helps | |
581 ;; deduce a better value for RAND_MAX. | |
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582 (let ((i 0)) |
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583 (while (< (setq i (1+ i)) 30) |
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584 (if (> (lsh (math-abs (random)) math-random-shift) 4095) |
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585 (setq math-random-shift (1- math-random-shift)))))) |
40785 | 586 (setq math-last-RandSeed var-RandSeed |
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587 math-gaussian-cache nil)) |
40785 | 588 |
589 (defun math-random-base () | |
590 (if var-RandSeed | |
591 (progn | |
592 (setq math-random-ptr1 (or (cdr math-random-ptr1) | |
593 (cdr math-random-table)) | |
594 math-random-ptr2 (or (cdr math-random-ptr2) | |
595 (cdr math-random-table))) | |
596 (logand (lsh (setcar math-random-ptr1 | |
597 (logand (- (car math-random-ptr1) | |
598 (car math-random-ptr2)) 524287)) | |
599 -6) 1023)) | |
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600 (logand (lsh (random) math-random-shift) 1023))) |
40785 | 601 |
602 | |
603 ;;; Produce a random digit in the range 0..999. | |
604 ;;; Avoid various pitfalls that may lurk in the built-in (random) function! | |
605 ;;; Shuffling algorithm from Numerical Recipes, section 7.1. | |
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606 (defvar math-random-last) |
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607 (defun math-random-three-digit-number () |
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608 "Return a random three digit number." |
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609 (let (i) |
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610 (or (and (boundp 'var-RandSeed) (eq var-RandSeed math-last-RandSeed)) |
40785 | 611 (math-init-random-base)) |
612 (or math-random-cache | |
613 (progn | |
614 (setq math-random-last (math-random-base) | |
615 math-random-cache (make-vector 13 nil) | |
616 i -1) | |
617 (while (< (setq i (1+ i)) 13) | |
618 (aset math-random-cache i (math-random-base))))) | |
619 (while (progn | |
620 (setq i (/ math-random-last 79) ; 0 <= i < 13 | |
621 math-random-last (aref math-random-cache i)) | |
622 (aset math-random-cache i (math-random-base)) | |
623 (>= math-random-last 1000))) | |
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624 math-random-last)) |
40785 | 625 |
626 ;;; Produce an N-digit random integer. | |
627 (defun math-random-digits (n) | |
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628 "Produce a random N digit integer." |
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629 (let* ((slop (% (- 3 (% n 3)) 3)) |
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630 (i (/ (+ n slop) 3)) |
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631 (rnum 0)) |
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|
632 (while (> i 0) |
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633 (setq rnum |
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634 (math-add |
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635 (math-random-three-digit-number) |
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636 (math-mul rnum 1000))) |
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637 (setq i (1- i))) |
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638 (math-normalize (math-scale-right rnum slop)))) |
40785 | 639 |
640 ;;; Produce a uniformly-distributed random float 0 <= N < 1. | |
641 (defun math-random-float () | |
642 (math-make-float (math-random-digits calc-internal-prec) | |
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643 (- calc-internal-prec))) |
40785 | 644 |
645 ;;; Produce a Gaussian-distributed random float with mean=0, sigma=1. | |
646 (defun math-gaussian-float () | |
647 (math-with-extra-prec 2 | |
648 (if (and math-gaussian-cache | |
649 (= (car math-gaussian-cache) calc-internal-prec)) | |
650 (prog1 | |
651 (cdr math-gaussian-cache) | |
652 (setq math-gaussian-cache nil)) | |
653 (let* ((v1 (math-add (math-mul (math-random-float) 2) -1)) | |
654 (v2 (math-add (math-mul (math-random-float) 2) -1)) | |
655 (r (math-add (math-sqr v1) (math-sqr v2)))) | |
656 (while (or (not (Math-lessp r 1)) (math-zerop r)) | |
657 (setq v1 (math-add (math-mul (math-random-float) 2) -1) | |
658 v2 (math-add (math-mul (math-random-float) 2) -1) | |
659 r (math-add (math-sqr v1) (math-sqr v2)))) | |
660 (let ((fac (math-sqrt (math-mul (math-div (calcFunc-ln r) r) -2)))) | |
661 (setq math-gaussian-cache (cons calc-internal-prec | |
662 (math-mul v1 fac))) | |
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663 (math-mul v2 fac)))))) |
40785 | 664 |
665 ;;; Produce a random integer or real 0 <= N < MAX. | |
666 (defun calcFunc-random (max) | |
667 (cond ((Math-zerop max) | |
668 (math-gaussian-float)) | |
669 ((Math-integerp max) | |
670 (let* ((digs (math-numdigs max)) | |
671 (r (math-random-digits (+ digs 3)))) | |
672 (math-mod r max))) | |
673 ((Math-realp max) | |
674 (math-mul (math-random-float) max)) | |
675 ((and (eq (car max) 'intv) (math-constp max) | |
676 (Math-lessp (nth 2 max) (nth 3 max))) | |
677 (if (math-floatp max) | |
678 (let ((val (math-add (math-mul (math-random-float) | |
679 (math-sub (nth 3 max) (nth 2 max))) | |
680 (nth 2 max)))) | |
681 (if (or (and (memq (nth 1 max) '(0 1)) ; almost not worth | |
682 (Math-equal val (nth 2 max))) ; checking! | |
683 (and (memq (nth 1 max) '(0 2)) | |
684 (Math-equal val (nth 3 max)))) | |
685 (calcFunc-random max) | |
686 val)) | |
687 (let ((lo (if (memq (nth 1 max) '(0 1)) | |
688 (math-add (nth 2 max) 1) (nth 2 max))) | |
689 (hi (if (memq (nth 1 max) '(1 3)) | |
690 (math-add (nth 3 max) 1) (nth 3 max)))) | |
691 (if (Math-lessp lo hi) | |
692 (math-add (calcFunc-random (math-sub hi lo)) lo) | |
693 (math-reject-arg max "*Empty interval"))))) | |
694 ((eq (car max) 'vec) | |
695 (if (cdr max) | |
696 (nth (1+ (calcFunc-random (1- (length max)))) max) | |
697 (math-reject-arg max "*Empty list"))) | |
698 ((and (eq (car max) 'sdev) (math-constp max) (Math-realp (nth 1 max))) | |
699 (math-add (math-mul (math-gaussian-float) (nth 2 max)) (nth 1 max))) | |
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700 (t (math-reject-arg max 'realp)))) |
40785 | 701 |
702 ;;; Choose N objects at random from the set MAX without duplicates. | |
703 (defun calcFunc-shuffle (n &optional max) | |
704 (or max (setq max n n -1)) | |
705 (or (and (Math-num-integerp n) | |
706 (or (natnump (setq n (math-trunc n))) (eq n -1))) | |
707 (math-reject-arg n 'integerp)) | |
708 (cond ((or (math-zerop max) | |
709 (math-floatp max) | |
710 (eq (car-safe max) 'sdev)) | |
711 (if (< n 0) | |
712 (math-reject-arg n 'natnump) | |
713 (math-simple-shuffle n max))) | |
714 ((and (<= n 1) (>= n 0)) | |
715 (math-simple-shuffle n max)) | |
716 ((and (eq (car-safe max) 'intv) (math-constp max)) | |
717 (let ((num (math-add (math-sub (nth 3 max) (nth 2 max)) | |
718 (cdr (assq (nth 1 max) | |
719 '((0 . -1) (1 . 0) | |
720 (2 . 0) (3 . 1)))))) | |
721 (min (math-add (nth 2 max) (if (memq (nth 1 max) '(0 1)) | |
722 1 0)))) | |
723 (if (< n 0) (setq n num)) | |
724 (or (math-posp num) (math-reject-arg max 'range)) | |
725 (and (Math-lessp num n) (math-reject-arg n 'range)) | |
726 (if (Math-lessp n (math-quotient num 3)) | |
727 (math-simple-shuffle n max) | |
728 (if (> (* n 4) (* num 3)) | |
729 (math-add (math-sub min 1) | |
730 (math-shuffle-list n num (calcFunc-index num))) | |
731 (let ((tot 0) | |
732 (m 0) | |
733 (vec nil)) | |
734 (while (< m n) | |
735 (if (< (calcFunc-random (- num tot)) (- n m)) | |
736 (setq vec (cons (math-add min tot) vec) | |
737 m (1+ m))) | |
738 (setq tot (1+ tot))) | |
739 (math-shuffle-list n n (cons 'vec vec))))))) | |
740 ((eq (car-safe max) 'vec) | |
741 (let ((size (1- (length max)))) | |
742 (if (< n 0) (setq n size)) | |
743 (if (and (> n (/ size 2)) (<= n size)) | |
744 (math-shuffle-list n size (copy-sequence max)) | |
745 (let* ((vals (calcFunc-shuffle | |
746 n (list 'intv 3 1 (1- (length max))))) | |
747 (p vals)) | |
748 (while (setq p (cdr p)) | |
749 (setcar p (nth (car p) max))) | |
750 vals)))) | |
751 ((math-integerp max) | |
752 (if (math-posp max) | |
753 (calcFunc-shuffle n (list 'intv 2 0 max)) | |
754 (calcFunc-shuffle n (list 'intv 1 max 0)))) | |
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755 (t (math-reject-arg max 'realp)))) |
40785 | 756 |
757 (defun math-simple-shuffle (n max) | |
758 (let ((vec nil) | |
759 val) | |
760 (while (>= (setq n (1- n)) 0) | |
761 (while (math-member (setq val (calcFunc-random max)) vec)) | |
762 (setq vec (cons val vec))) | |
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763 (cons 'vec vec))) |
40785 | 764 |
765 (defun math-shuffle-list (n size vec) | |
766 (let ((j size) | |
767 k temp | |
768 (p vec)) | |
769 (while (cdr (setq p (cdr p))) | |
770 (setq k (calcFunc-random j) | |
771 j (1- j) | |
772 temp (nth k p)) | |
773 (setcar (nthcdr k p) (car p)) | |
774 (setcar p temp)) | |
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775 (cons 'vec (nthcdr (- size n -1) vec)))) |
40785 | 776 |
777 (defun math-member (x list) | |
778 (while (and list (not (equal x (car list)))) | |
779 (setq list (cdr list))) | |
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780 list) |
40785 | 781 |
782 | |
783 ;;; Check if the integer N is prime. [X I] | |
784 ;;; Return (nil) if non-prime, | |
785 ;;; (nil N) if non-prime with known factor N, | |
786 ;;; (nil unknown) if non-prime with no known factors, | |
787 ;;; (t) if prime, | |
788 ;;; (maybe N P) if probably prime (after N iters with probability P%) | |
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789 (defvar math-prime-test-cache '(-1)) |
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790 |
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791 (defvar math-prime-test-cache-k) |
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792 (defvar math-prime-test-cache-q) |
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793 (defvar math-prime-test-cache-nm1) |
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794 |
40785 | 795 (defun math-prime-test (n iters) |
796 (if (and (Math-vectorp n) (cdr n)) | |
797 (setq n (nth (1- (length n)) n))) | |
798 (if (Math-messy-integerp n) | |
799 (setq n (math-trunc n))) | |
800 (let ((res)) | |
801 (while (> iters 0) | |
802 (setq res | |
803 (cond ((and (integerp n) (<= n 5003)) | |
804 (list (= (math-next-small-prime n) n))) | |
805 ((not (Math-integerp n)) | |
806 (error "Argument must be an integer")) | |
807 ((Math-integer-negp n) | |
808 '(nil)) | |
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809 ((Math-natnum-lessp n 8000000) |
40785 | 810 (setq n (math-fixnum n)) |
811 (let ((i -1) v) | |
812 (while (and (> (% n (setq v (aref math-primes-table | |
813 (setq i (1+ i))))) | |
814 0) | |
815 (< (* v v) n))) | |
816 (if (= (% n v) 0) | |
817 (list nil v) | |
818 '(t)))) | |
819 ((not (equal n (car math-prime-test-cache))) | |
820 (cond ((= (% (nth 1 n) 2) 0) '(nil 2)) | |
821 ((= (% (nth 1 n) 5) 0) '(nil 5)) | |
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822 (t (let ((q n) (sum 0)) |
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823 (while (not (eq q 0)) |
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824 (setq sum (% |
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825 (+ |
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826 sum |
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827 (calcFunc-mod |
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828 q 1000000)) |
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829 111111)) |
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830 (setq q |
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831 (math-quotient |
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|
832 q 1000000))) |
40785 | 833 (cond ((= (% sum 3) 0) '(nil 3)) |
834 ((= (% sum 7) 0) '(nil 7)) | |
835 ((= (% sum 11) 0) '(nil 11)) | |
836 ((= (% sum 13) 0) '(nil 13)) | |
837 ((= (% sum 37) 0) '(nil 37)) | |
838 (t | |
839 (setq math-prime-test-cache-k 1 | |
840 math-prime-test-cache-q | |
841 (math-div2 n) | |
842 math-prime-test-cache-nm1 | |
843 (math-add n -1)) | |
844 (while (math-evenp | |
845 math-prime-test-cache-q) | |
846 (setq math-prime-test-cache-k | |
847 (1+ math-prime-test-cache-k) | |
848 math-prime-test-cache-q | |
849 (math-div2 | |
850 math-prime-test-cache-q))) | |
851 (setq iters (1+ iters)) | |
852 (list 'maybe | |
853 0 | |
854 (math-sub | |
855 100 | |
856 (math-div | |
857 '(float 232 0) | |
858 (math-numdigs n)))))))))) | |
859 ((not (eq (car (nth 1 math-prime-test-cache)) 'maybe)) | |
860 (nth 1 math-prime-test-cache)) | |
861 (t ; Fermat step | |
862 (let* ((x (math-add (calcFunc-random (math-add n -2)) 2)) | |
863 (y (math-pow-mod x math-prime-test-cache-q n)) | |
864 (j 0)) | |
865 (while (and (not (eq y 1)) | |
866 (not (equal y math-prime-test-cache-nm1)) | |
867 (< (setq j (1+ j)) math-prime-test-cache-k)) | |
868 (setq y (math-mod (math-mul y y) n))) | |
869 (if (or (equal y math-prime-test-cache-nm1) | |
870 (and (eq y 1) (eq j 0))) | |
871 (list 'maybe | |
872 (1+ (nth 1 (nth 1 math-prime-test-cache))) | |
873 (math-mul (nth 2 (nth 1 math-prime-test-cache)) | |
874 '(float 25 -2))) | |
875 '(nil unknown)))))) | |
876 (setq math-prime-test-cache (list n res) | |
877 iters (if (eq (car res) 'maybe) | |
878 (1- iters) | |
879 0))) | |
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880 res)) |
40785 | 881 |
882 (defun calcFunc-prime (n &optional iters) | |
883 (or (math-num-integerp n) (math-reject-arg n 'integerp)) | |
884 (or (not iters) (math-num-integerp iters) (math-reject-arg iters 'integerp)) | |
885 (if (car (math-prime-test (math-trunc n) (math-trunc (or iters 1)))) | |
886 1 | |
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887 0)) |
40785 | 888 |
889 ;;; Theory: summing base-10^6 digits modulo 111111 is "casting out 999999s". | |
890 ;;; Initial probability that N is prime is 1/ln(N) = log10(e)/log10(N). | |
891 ;;; After culling [2,3,5,7,11,13,37], probability of primality is 5.36 x more. | |
892 ;;; Initial reported probability of non-primality is thus 100% - this. | |
893 ;;; Each Fermat step multiplies this probability by 25%. | |
894 ;;; The Fermat step is algorithm P from Knuth section 4.5.4. | |
895 | |
896 | |
897 (defun calcFunc-prfac (n) | |
898 (setq math-prime-factors-finished t) | |
899 (if (Math-messy-integerp n) | |
900 (setq n (math-trunc n))) | |
901 (if (Math-natnump n) | |
902 (if (Math-natnum-lessp 2 n) | |
903 (let (factors res p (i 0)) | |
904 (while (and (not (eq n 1)) | |
905 (< i (length math-primes-table))) | |
906 (setq p (aref math-primes-table i)) | |
907 (while (eq (cdr (setq res (cond ((eq n p) (cons 1 0)) | |
908 ((eq n 1) (cons 0 1)) | |
909 ((consp n) (math-idivmod n p)) | |
910 (t (cons (/ n p) (% n p)))))) | |
911 0) | |
912 (math-working "factor" p) | |
913 (setq factors (nconc factors (list p)) | |
914 n (car res))) | |
915 (or (eq n 1) | |
916 (Math-natnum-lessp p (car res)) | |
917 (setq factors (nconc factors (list n)) | |
918 n 1)) | |
919 (setq i (1+ i))) | |
920 (or (setq math-prime-factors-finished (eq n 1)) | |
921 (setq factors (nconc factors (list n)))) | |
922 (cons 'vec factors)) | |
923 (list 'vec n)) | |
924 (if (Math-integerp n) | |
925 (if (eq n -1) | |
926 (list 'vec n) | |
927 (cons 'vec (cons -1 (cdr (calcFunc-prfac (math-neg n)))))) | |
928 (calc-record-why 'integerp n) | |
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929 (list 'calcFunc-prfac n)))) |
40785 | 930 |
931 (defun calcFunc-totient (n) | |
932 (if (Math-messy-integerp n) | |
933 (setq n (math-trunc n))) | |
934 (if (Math-natnump n) | |
935 (if (Math-natnum-lessp n 2) | |
936 (if (Math-negp n) | |
937 (calcFunc-totient (math-abs n)) | |
938 n) | |
939 (let ((factors (cdr (calcFunc-prfac n))) | |
940 p) | |
941 (if math-prime-factors-finished | |
942 (progn | |
943 (while factors | |
944 (setq p (car factors) | |
945 n (math-mul (math-div n p) (math-add p -1))) | |
946 (while (equal p (car factors)) | |
947 (setq factors (cdr factors)))) | |
948 n) | |
949 (calc-record-why "*Number too big to factor" n) | |
950 (list 'calcFunc-totient n)))) | |
951 (calc-record-why 'natnump n) | |
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952 (list 'calcFunc-totient n))) |
40785 | 953 |
954 (defun calcFunc-moebius (n) | |
955 (if (Math-messy-integerp n) | |
956 (setq n (math-trunc n))) | |
957 (if (and (Math-natnump n) (not (eq n 0))) | |
958 (if (Math-natnum-lessp n 2) | |
959 (if (Math-negp n) | |
960 (calcFunc-moebius (math-abs n)) | |
961 1) | |
962 (let ((factors (cdr (calcFunc-prfac n))) | |
963 (mu 1)) | |
964 (if math-prime-factors-finished | |
965 (progn | |
966 (while factors | |
967 (setq mu (if (equal (car factors) (nth 1 factors)) | |
968 0 (math-neg mu)) | |
969 factors (cdr factors))) | |
970 mu) | |
971 (calc-record-why "Number too big to factor" n) | |
972 (list 'calcFunc-moebius n)))) | |
973 (calc-record-why 'posintp n) | |
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974 (list 'calcFunc-moebius n))) |
40785 | 975 |
976 | |
977 (defun calcFunc-nextprime (n &optional iters) | |
978 (if (Math-integerp n) | |
979 (if (Math-integer-negp n) | |
980 2 | |
981 (if (and (integerp n) (< n 5003)) | |
982 (math-next-small-prime (1+ n)) | |
983 (if (math-evenp n) | |
984 (setq n (math-add n -1))) | |
985 (let (res) | |
986 (while (not (car (setq res (math-prime-test | |
987 (setq n (math-add n 2)) | |
988 (or iters 1)))))) | |
989 (if (and calc-verbose-nextprime | |
990 (eq (car res) 'maybe)) | |
991 (calc-report-prime-test res))) | |
992 n)) | |
993 (if (Math-realp n) | |
994 (calcFunc-nextprime (math-trunc n) iters) | |
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995 (math-reject-arg n 'integerp)))) |
40785 | 996 |
997 (defun calcFunc-prevprime (n &optional iters) | |
998 (if (Math-integerp n) | |
999 (if (Math-lessp n 4) | |
1000 2 | |
1001 (if (math-evenp n) | |
1002 (setq n (math-add n 1))) | |
1003 (let (res) | |
1004 (while (not (car (setq res (math-prime-test | |
1005 (setq n (math-add n -2)) | |
1006 (or iters 1)))))) | |
1007 (if (and calc-verbose-nextprime | |
1008 (eq (car res) 'maybe)) | |
1009 (calc-report-prime-test res))) | |
1010 n) | |
1011 (if (Math-realp n) | |
1012 (calcFunc-prevprime (math-ceiling n) iters) | |
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1013 (math-reject-arg n 'integerp)))) |
40785 | 1014 |
1015 (defun math-next-small-prime (n) | |
1016 (if (and (integerp n) (> n 2)) | |
1017 (let ((lo -1) | |
1018 (hi (length math-primes-table)) | |
1019 mid) | |
1020 (while (> (- hi lo) 1) | |
1021 (if (> n (aref math-primes-table | |
1022 (setq mid (ash (+ lo hi) -1)))) | |
1023 (setq lo mid) | |
1024 (setq hi mid))) | |
1025 (aref math-primes-table hi)) | |
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1026 2)) |
40785 | 1027 |
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1028 (provide 'calc-comb) |
40785 | 1029 |
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1030 ;; arch-tag: 1d75ee9b-0815-42bd-a321-bb3dc001cc02 |
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1031 ;;; calc-comb.el ends here |