Mercurial > emacs
annotate man/abbrevs.texi @ 67926:6e1e5372c3f6
Ignore errors from font-lock-compile-keywords.
author | Andreas Schwab <schwab@suse.de> |
---|---|
date | Fri, 30 Dec 2005 14:00:30 +0000 |
parents | 3723093a21fd |
children | dc2d5a6655a3 2d92f5c9d6ae |
rev | line source |
---|---|
25829 | 1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual. |
64890
3723093a21fd
Update years in copyright notice; nfc.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
59962
diff
changeset
|
2 @c Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, 2002, 2003, |
3723093a21fd
Update years in copyright notice; nfc.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
59962
diff
changeset
|
3 @c 2004, 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
25829 | 4 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions. |
38201
303d358eaac7
Change Previous pointer.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
37576
diff
changeset
|
5 @node Abbrevs, Picture, Maintaining, Top |
25829 | 6 @chapter Abbrevs |
7 @cindex abbrevs | |
8 @cindex expansion (of abbrevs) | |
9 | |
10 A defined @dfn{abbrev} is a word which @dfn{expands}, if you insert | |
11 it, into some different text. Abbrevs are defined by the user to expand | |
12 in specific ways. For example, you might define @samp{foo} as an abbrev | |
13 expanding to @samp{find outer otter}. Then you would be able to insert | |
14 @samp{find outer otter } into the buffer by typing @kbd{f o o | |
15 @key{SPC}}. | |
16 | |
17 A second kind of abbreviation facility is called @dfn{dynamic abbrev | |
18 expansion}. You use dynamic abbrev expansion with an explicit command | |
19 to expand the letters in the buffer before point by looking for other | |
20 words in the buffer that start with those letters. @xref{Dynamic | |
21 Abbrevs}. | |
22 | |
36248
5950691911d4
Fix quoting in Hippie Expand reference.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36235
diff
changeset
|
23 ``Hippie'' expansion generalizes abbreviation expansion. @xref{Hippie |
37576
083715958fc6
Fix xref for Hippie Expand.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36248
diff
changeset
|
24 Expand, , Hippie Expansion, autotype, Features for Automatic |
36248
5950691911d4
Fix quoting in Hippie Expand reference.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36235
diff
changeset
|
25 Typing}. |
27208 | 26 |
25829 | 27 @menu |
28 * Abbrev Concepts:: Fundamentals of defined abbrevs. | |
29 * Defining Abbrevs:: Defining an abbrev, so it will expand when typed. | |
30 * Expanding Abbrevs:: Controlling expansion: prefixes, canceling expansion. | |
31 * Editing Abbrevs:: Viewing or editing the entire list of defined abbrevs. | |
32 * Saving Abbrevs:: Saving the entire list of abbrevs for another session. | |
33 * Dynamic Abbrevs:: Abbreviations for words already in the buffer. | |
34 * Dabbrev Customization:: What is a word, for dynamic abbrevs. Case handling. | |
35 @end menu | |
36 | |
37 @node Abbrev Concepts | |
38 @section Abbrev Concepts | |
39 | |
40 An @dfn{abbrev} is a word which has been defined to @dfn{expand} into | |
41 a specified @dfn{expansion}. When you insert a word-separator character | |
42 following the abbrev, that expands the abbrev---replacing the abbrev | |
43 with its expansion. For example, if @samp{foo} is defined as an abbrev | |
44 expanding to @samp{find outer otter}, then you can insert @samp{find | |
45 outer otter.} into the buffer by typing @kbd{f o o .}. | |
46 | |
47 @findex abbrev-mode | |
48 @vindex abbrev-mode | |
49 @cindex Abbrev mode | |
50 @cindex mode, Abbrev | |
51 Abbrevs expand only when Abbrev mode (a minor mode) is enabled. | |
52 Disabling Abbrev mode does not cause abbrev definitions to be forgotten, | |
53 but they do not expand until Abbrev mode is enabled again. The command | |
54 @kbd{M-x abbrev-mode} toggles Abbrev mode; with a numeric argument, it | |
55 turns Abbrev mode on if the argument is positive, off otherwise. | |
56 @xref{Minor Modes}. @code{abbrev-mode} is also a variable; Abbrev mode is | |
57 on when the variable is non-@code{nil}. The variable @code{abbrev-mode} | |
58 automatically becomes local to the current buffer when it is set. | |
59 | |
60 Abbrev definitions can be @dfn{mode-specific}---active only in one major | |
61 mode. Abbrevs can also have @dfn{global} definitions that are active in | |
62 all major modes. The same abbrev can have a global definition and various | |
63 mode-specific definitions for different major modes. A mode-specific | |
64 definition for the current major mode overrides a global definition. | |
65 | |
66 Abbrevs can be defined interactively during the editing session. Lists | |
67 of abbrev definitions can also be saved in files and reloaded in later | |
68 sessions. Some users keep extensive lists of abbrevs that they load in | |
69 every session. | |
70 | |
71 @node Defining Abbrevs | |
72 @section Defining Abbrevs | |
73 | |
74 @table @kbd | |
75 @item C-x a g | |
76 Define an abbrev, using one or more words before point as its expansion | |
77 (@code{add-global-abbrev}). | |
78 @item C-x a l | |
79 Similar, but define an abbrev specific to the current major mode | |
80 (@code{add-mode-abbrev}). | |
81 @item C-x a i g | |
82 Define a word in the buffer as an abbrev (@code{inverse-add-global-abbrev}). | |
83 @item C-x a i l | |
84 Define a word in the buffer as a mode-specific abbrev | |
85 (@code{inverse-add-mode-abbrev}). | |
42492
a5636409941f
Describe define-global-abbrev and define-mode-abbrev.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
40905
diff
changeset
|
86 @item M-x define-global-abbrev @key{RET} @var{abbrev} @key{RET} @var{exp} @key{RET} |
a5636409941f
Describe define-global-abbrev and define-mode-abbrev.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
40905
diff
changeset
|
87 Define @var{abbrev} as an abbrev expanding into @var{exp}. |
a5636409941f
Describe define-global-abbrev and define-mode-abbrev.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
40905
diff
changeset
|
88 @item M-x define-mode-abbrev @key{RET} @var{abbrev} @key{RET} @var{exp} @key{RET} |
a5636409941f
Describe define-global-abbrev and define-mode-abbrev.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
40905
diff
changeset
|
89 Define @var{abbrev} as a mode-specific abbrev expanding into @var{exp}. |
25829 | 90 @item M-x kill-all-abbrevs |
91 This command discards all abbrev definitions currently in effect, | |
92 leaving a blank slate. | |
93 @end table | |
94 | |
95 @kindex C-x a g | |
96 @findex add-global-abbrev | |
97 The usual way to define an abbrev is to enter the text you want the | |
98 abbrev to expand to, position point after it, and type @kbd{C-x a g} | |
99 (@code{add-global-abbrev}). This reads the abbrev itself using the | |
100 minibuffer, and then defines it as an abbrev for one or more words before | |
101 point. Use a numeric argument to say how many words before point should be | |
102 taken as the expansion. For example, to define the abbrev @samp{foo} as | |
103 mentioned above, insert the text @samp{find outer otter} and then type | |
104 @kbd{C-u 3 C-x a g f o o @key{RET}}. | |
105 | |
106 An argument of zero to @kbd{C-x a g} means to use the contents of the | |
107 region as the expansion of the abbrev being defined. | |
108 | |
109 @kindex C-x a l | |
110 @findex add-mode-abbrev | |
111 The command @kbd{C-x a l} (@code{add-mode-abbrev}) is similar, but | |
112 defines a mode-specific abbrev. Mode-specific abbrevs are active only in a | |
113 particular major mode. @kbd{C-x a l} defines an abbrev for the major mode | |
114 in effect at the time @kbd{C-x a l} is typed. The arguments work the same | |
115 as for @kbd{C-x a g}. | |
116 | |
117 @kindex C-x a i g | |
118 @findex inverse-add-global-abbrev | |
119 @kindex C-x a i l | |
120 @findex inverse-add-mode-abbrev | |
121 If the text already in the buffer is the abbrev, rather than its | |
122 expansion, use command @kbd{C-x a i g} | |
123 (@code{inverse-add-global-abbrev}) instead of @kbd{C-x a g}, or use | |
124 @kbd{C-x a i l} (@code{inverse-add-mode-abbrev}) instead of @kbd{C-x a | |
125 l}. These commands are called ``inverse'' because they invert the | |
126 meaning of the two text strings they use (one from the buffer and one | |
127 read with the minibuffer). | |
128 | |
42492
a5636409941f
Describe define-global-abbrev and define-mode-abbrev.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
40905
diff
changeset
|
129 @findex define-mode-abbrev |
a5636409941f
Describe define-global-abbrev and define-mode-abbrev.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
40905
diff
changeset
|
130 @findex define-global-abbrev |
a5636409941f
Describe define-global-abbrev and define-mode-abbrev.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
40905
diff
changeset
|
131 You can define an abbrev without inserting either the abbrev or its |
a5636409941f
Describe define-global-abbrev and define-mode-abbrev.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
40905
diff
changeset
|
132 expansion in the buffer using the command @code{define-global-abbrev}. |
56165
920d5b4fe0a2
* msdog.texi (Text and Binary, MS-DOS Printing): Use m-dash.
Jesper Harder <harder@ifa.au.dk>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
133 It reads two arguments---the abbrev, and its expansion. The command |
42492
a5636409941f
Describe define-global-abbrev and define-mode-abbrev.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
40905
diff
changeset
|
134 @code{define-mode-abbrev} does likewise for a mode-specific abbrev. |
a5636409941f
Describe define-global-abbrev and define-mode-abbrev.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
40905
diff
changeset
|
135 |
25829 | 136 To change the definition of an abbrev, just define a new definition. |
137 When the abbrev has a prior definition, the abbrev definition commands | |
38461
23f63206a867
Proofreading fixes from Chris Green <chris_e_green@yahoo.com>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38201
diff
changeset
|
138 ask for confirmation before replacing it. |
25829 | 139 |
140 To remove an abbrev definition, give a negative argument to the abbrev | |
141 definition command: @kbd{C-u - C-x a g} or @kbd{C-u - C-x a l}. The | |
142 former removes a global definition, while the latter removes a | |
143 mode-specific definition. | |
144 | |
145 @findex kill-all-abbrevs | |
146 @kbd{M-x kill-all-abbrevs} removes all the abbrev definitions there | |
147 are, both global and local. | |
148 | |
149 @node Expanding Abbrevs | |
150 @section Controlling Abbrev Expansion | |
151 | |
152 An abbrev expands whenever it is present in the buffer just before | |
153 point and you type a self-inserting whitespace or punctuation character | |
154 (@key{SPC}, comma, etc.@:). More precisely, any character that is not a | |
155 word constituent expands an abbrev, and any word-constituent character | |
156 can be part of an abbrev. The most common way to use an abbrev is to | |
59946
e966a5990649
(Expanding Abbrevs): Clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56165
diff
changeset
|
157 insert it and then insert a punctuation or whitespace character to expand it. |
25829 | 158 |
159 @vindex abbrev-all-caps | |
160 Abbrev expansion preserves case; thus, @samp{foo} expands into @samp{find | |
161 outer otter}; @samp{Foo} into @samp{Find outer otter}, and @samp{FOO} into | |
162 @samp{FIND OUTER OTTER} or @samp{Find Outer Otter} according to the | |
59946
e966a5990649
(Expanding Abbrevs): Clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56165
diff
changeset
|
163 variable @code{abbrev-all-caps} (setting it non-@code{nil} specifies |
59962
b728ee27ee08
(Expanding Abbrevs): Fix previous fix.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
59956
diff
changeset
|
164 @samp{FIND OUTER OTTER}). |
25829 | 165 |
166 These commands are used to control abbrev expansion: | |
167 | |
168 @table @kbd | |
169 @item M-' | |
170 Separate a prefix from a following abbrev to be expanded | |
171 (@code{abbrev-prefix-mark}). | |
172 @item C-x a e | |
173 @findex expand-abbrev | |
174 Expand the abbrev before point (@code{expand-abbrev}). | |
175 This is effective even when Abbrev mode is not enabled. | |
176 @item M-x expand-region-abbrevs | |
177 Expand some or all abbrevs found in the region. | |
178 @end table | |
179 | |
180 @kindex M-' | |
181 @findex abbrev-prefix-mark | |
182 You may wish to expand an abbrev with a prefix attached; for example, | |
183 if @samp{cnst} expands into @samp{construction}, you might want to use | |
184 it to enter @samp{reconstruction}. It does not work to type | |
185 @kbd{recnst}, because that is not necessarily a defined abbrev. What | |
186 you can do is use the command @kbd{M-'} (@code{abbrev-prefix-mark}) in | |
187 between the prefix @samp{re} and the abbrev @samp{cnst}. First, insert | |
188 @samp{re}. Then type @kbd{M-'}; this inserts a hyphen in the buffer to | |
189 indicate that it has done its work. Then insert the abbrev @samp{cnst}; | |
190 the buffer now contains @samp{re-cnst}. Now insert a non-word character | |
191 to expand the abbrev @samp{cnst} into @samp{construction}. This | |
192 expansion step also deletes the hyphen that indicated @kbd{M-'} had been | |
193 used. The result is the desired @samp{reconstruction}. | |
194 | |
195 If you actually want the text of the abbrev in the buffer, rather than | |
196 its expansion, you can accomplish this by inserting the following | |
197 punctuation with @kbd{C-q}. Thus, @kbd{foo C-q ,} leaves @samp{foo,} in | |
198 the buffer. | |
199 | |
200 @findex unexpand-abbrev | |
201 If you expand an abbrev by mistake, you can undo the expansion and | |
202 bring back the abbrev itself by typing @kbd{C-_} to undo (@pxref{Undo}). | |
203 This also undoes the insertion of the non-word character that expanded | |
204 the abbrev. If the result you want is the terminating non-word | |
205 character plus the unexpanded abbrev, you must reinsert the terminating | |
206 character, quoting it with @kbd{C-q}. You can also use the command | |
207 @kbd{M-x unexpand-abbrev} to cancel the last expansion without | |
208 deleting the terminating character. | |
209 | |
210 @findex expand-region-abbrevs | |
211 @kbd{M-x expand-region-abbrevs} searches through the region for defined | |
212 abbrevs, and for each one found offers to replace it with its expansion. | |
213 This command is useful if you have typed in text using abbrevs but forgot | |
214 to turn on Abbrev mode first. It may also be useful together with a | |
215 special set of abbrev definitions for making several global replacements at | |
216 once. This command is effective even if Abbrev mode is not enabled. | |
217 | |
218 Expanding an abbrev runs the hook @code{pre-abbrev-expand-hook} | |
219 (@pxref{Hooks}). | |
220 | |
221 @need 1500 | |
222 @node Editing Abbrevs | |
223 @section Examining and Editing Abbrevs | |
224 | |
225 @table @kbd | |
226 @item M-x list-abbrevs | |
38461
23f63206a867
Proofreading fixes from Chris Green <chris_e_green@yahoo.com>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38201
diff
changeset
|
227 Display a list of all abbrev definitions. With a numeric argument, list |
31278
0b5861b3347c
(Editing Abbrevs): Document the effect of prefix argument on list-abbrevs.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
31184
diff
changeset
|
228 only local abbrevs. |
25829 | 229 @item M-x edit-abbrevs |
230 Edit a list of abbrevs; you can add, alter or remove definitions. | |
231 @end table | |
232 | |
233 @findex list-abbrevs | |
234 The output from @kbd{M-x list-abbrevs} looks like this: | |
235 | |
236 @example | |
237 (lisp-mode-abbrev-table) | |
238 "dk" 0 "define-key" | |
239 (global-abbrev-table) | |
240 "dfn" 0 "definition" | |
241 @end example | |
242 | |
243 @noindent | |
244 (Some blank lines of no semantic significance, and some other abbrev | |
245 tables, have been omitted.) | |
246 | |
247 A line containing a name in parentheses is the header for abbrevs in a | |
248 particular abbrev table; @code{global-abbrev-table} contains all the global | |
249 abbrevs, and the other abbrev tables that are named after major modes | |
250 contain the mode-specific abbrevs. | |
251 | |
252 Within each abbrev table, each nonblank line defines one abbrev. The | |
253 word at the beginning of the line is the abbrev. The number that | |
254 follows is the number of times the abbrev has been expanded. Emacs | |
255 keeps track of this to help you see which abbrevs you actually use, so | |
256 that you can eliminate those that you don't use often. The string at | |
257 the end of the line is the expansion. | |
258 | |
259 @findex edit-abbrevs | |
260 @kindex C-c C-c @r{(Edit Abbrevs)} | |
261 @kbd{M-x edit-abbrevs} allows you to add, change or kill abbrev | |
262 definitions by editing a list of them in an Emacs buffer. The list has | |
263 the same format described above. The buffer of abbrevs is called | |
264 @samp{*Abbrevs*}, and is in Edit-Abbrevs mode. Type @kbd{C-c C-c} in | |
265 this buffer to install the abbrev definitions as specified in the | |
266 buffer---and delete any abbrev definitions not listed. | |
267 | |
268 The command @code{edit-abbrevs} is actually the same as | |
269 @code{list-abbrevs} except that it selects the buffer @samp{*Abbrevs*} | |
270 whereas @code{list-abbrevs} merely displays it in another window. | |
271 | |
272 @node Saving Abbrevs | |
273 @section Saving Abbrevs | |
274 | |
275 These commands allow you to keep abbrev definitions between editing | |
276 sessions. | |
277 | |
278 @table @kbd | |
279 @item M-x write-abbrev-file @key{RET} @var{file} @key{RET} | |
280 Write a file @var{file} describing all defined abbrevs. | |
281 @item M-x read-abbrev-file @key{RET} @var{file} @key{RET} | |
282 Read the file @var{file} and define abbrevs as specified therein. | |
283 @item M-x quietly-read-abbrev-file @key{RET} @var{file} @key{RET} | |
284 Similar but do not display a message about what is going on. | |
285 @item M-x define-abbrevs | |
286 Define abbrevs from definitions in current buffer. | |
287 @item M-x insert-abbrevs | |
288 Insert all abbrevs and their expansions into current buffer. | |
289 @end table | |
290 | |
291 @findex write-abbrev-file | |
292 @kbd{M-x write-abbrev-file} reads a file name using the minibuffer and | |
293 then writes a description of all current abbrev definitions into that | |
294 file. This is used to save abbrev definitions for use in a later | |
295 session. The text stored in the file is a series of Lisp expressions | |
296 that, when executed, define the same abbrevs that you currently have. | |
297 | |
298 @findex read-abbrev-file | |
299 @findex quietly-read-abbrev-file | |
300 @vindex abbrev-file-name | |
40905
6407171bcdde
Document changes in loading and saving abbrevs.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38461
diff
changeset
|
301 @kbd{M-x read-abbrev-file} reads a file name using the minibuffer |
6407171bcdde
Document changes in loading and saving abbrevs.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38461
diff
changeset
|
302 and then reads the file, defining abbrevs according to the contents of |
6407171bcdde
Document changes in loading and saving abbrevs.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38461
diff
changeset
|
303 the file. The function @code{quietly-read-abbrev-file} is similar |
6407171bcdde
Document changes in loading and saving abbrevs.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38461
diff
changeset
|
304 except that it does not display a message in the echo area; you cannot |
6407171bcdde
Document changes in loading and saving abbrevs.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38461
diff
changeset
|
305 invoke it interactively, and it is used primarily in the @file{.emacs} |
6407171bcdde
Document changes in loading and saving abbrevs.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38461
diff
changeset
|
306 file. If either of these functions is called with @code{nil} as the |
6407171bcdde
Document changes in loading and saving abbrevs.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38461
diff
changeset
|
307 argument, it uses the file name specified in the variable |
6407171bcdde
Document changes in loading and saving abbrevs.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38461
diff
changeset
|
308 @code{abbrev-file-name}, which is by default @code{"~/.abbrev_defs"}. |
6407171bcdde
Document changes in loading and saving abbrevs.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38461
diff
changeset
|
309 That file is your standard abbrev definition file, and Emacs loads |
6407171bcdde
Document changes in loading and saving abbrevs.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38461
diff
changeset
|
310 abbrevs from it automatically when it starts up. |
25829 | 311 |
312 @vindex save-abbrevs | |
40905
6407171bcdde
Document changes in loading and saving abbrevs.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38461
diff
changeset
|
313 Emacs will offer to save abbrevs automatically if you have changed |
6407171bcdde
Document changes in loading and saving abbrevs.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38461
diff
changeset
|
314 any of them, whenever it offers to save all files (for @kbd{C-x s} or |
6407171bcdde
Document changes in loading and saving abbrevs.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38461
diff
changeset
|
315 @kbd{C-x C-c}). It saves them in the file specified by |
6407171bcdde
Document changes in loading and saving abbrevs.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38461
diff
changeset
|
316 @code{abbrev-file-name}. This feature can be inhibited by setting the |
6407171bcdde
Document changes in loading and saving abbrevs.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38461
diff
changeset
|
317 variable @code{save-abbrevs} to @code{nil}. |
25829 | 318 |
319 @findex insert-abbrevs | |
320 @findex define-abbrevs | |
321 The commands @kbd{M-x insert-abbrevs} and @kbd{M-x define-abbrevs} are | |
322 similar to the previous commands but work on text in an Emacs buffer. | |
49983
2a8850f484eb
Clarify where insert-abbrevs puts point.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
42492
diff
changeset
|
323 @kbd{M-x insert-abbrevs} inserts text into the current buffer after point, |
25829 | 324 describing all current abbrev definitions; @kbd{M-x define-abbrevs} parses |
325 the entire current buffer and defines abbrevs accordingly.@refill | |
326 | |
327 @node Dynamic Abbrevs | |
328 @section Dynamic Abbrev Expansion | |
329 | |
330 The abbrev facility described above operates automatically as you insert | |
331 text, but all abbrevs must be defined explicitly. By contrast, | |
332 @dfn{dynamic abbrevs} allow the meanings of abbrevs to be determined | |
333 automatically from the contents of the buffer, but dynamic abbrev expansion | |
334 happens only when you request it explicitly. | |
335 | |
336 @kindex M-/ | |
337 @kindex C-M-/ | |
338 @findex dabbrev-expand | |
339 @findex dabbrev-completion | |
340 @table @kbd | |
341 @item M-/ | |
342 Expand the word in the buffer before point as a @dfn{dynamic abbrev}, | |
343 by searching in the buffer for words starting with that abbreviation | |
344 (@code{dabbrev-expand}). | |
345 | |
346 @item C-M-/ | |
347 Complete the word before point as a dynamic abbrev | |
348 (@code{dabbrev-completion}). | |
349 @end table | |
350 | |
351 @vindex dabbrev-limit | |
352 For example, if the buffer contains @samp{does this follow } and you | |
353 type @kbd{f o M-/}, the effect is to insert @samp{follow} because that | |
354 is the last word in the buffer that starts with @samp{fo}. A numeric | |
355 argument to @kbd{M-/} says to take the second, third, etc.@: distinct | |
356 expansion found looking backward from point. Repeating @kbd{M-/} | |
357 searches for an alternative expansion by looking farther back. After | |
358 scanning all the text before point, it searches the text after point. | |
359 The variable @code{dabbrev-limit}, if non-@code{nil}, specifies how far | |
360 in the buffer to search for an expansion. | |
361 | |
362 @vindex dabbrev-check-all-buffers | |
363 After scanning the current buffer, @kbd{M-/} normally searches other | |
364 buffers, unless you have set @code{dabbrev-check-all-buffers} to | |
365 @code{nil}. | |
366 | |
35922 | 367 @vindex dabbrev-ignored-buffer-regexps |
35923 | 368 For finer control over which buffers to scan, customize the variable |
369 @code{dabbrev-ignored-buffer-regexps}. Its value is a list of regular | |
370 expressions. If a buffer's name matches any of these regular | |
371 expressions, dynamic abbrev expansion skips that buffer. | |
31069
8cbeffd70393
Document dabbrev-ignore-regexps.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
30870
diff
changeset
|
372 |
25829 | 373 A negative argument to @kbd{M-/}, as in @kbd{C-u - M-/}, says to |
49983
2a8850f484eb
Clarify where insert-abbrevs puts point.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
42492
diff
changeset
|
374 search first for expansions after point, then other buffers, and |
2a8850f484eb
Clarify where insert-abbrevs puts point.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
42492
diff
changeset
|
375 consider expansions before point only as a last resort. |
2a8850f484eb
Clarify where insert-abbrevs puts point.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
42492
diff
changeset
|
376 |
2a8850f484eb
Clarify where insert-abbrevs puts point.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
42492
diff
changeset
|
377 If you repeat the @kbd{M-/} to look for another expansion, do not |
2a8850f484eb
Clarify where insert-abbrevs puts point.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
42492
diff
changeset
|
378 specify an argument. This tries all the expansions after point and |
2a8850f484eb
Clarify where insert-abbrevs puts point.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
42492
diff
changeset
|
379 then the expansions before point. |
25829 | 380 |
381 After you have expanded a dynamic abbrev, you can copy additional | |
382 words that follow the expansion in its original context. Simply type | |
383 @kbd{@key{SPC} M-/} for each word you want to copy. The spacing and | |
384 punctuation between words is copied along with the words. | |
385 | |
386 The command @kbd{C-M-/} (@code{dabbrev-completion}) performs | |
387 completion of a dynamic abbreviation. Instead of trying the possible | |
388 expansions one by one, it finds all of them, then inserts the text that | |
389 they have in common. If they have nothing in common, @kbd{C-M-/} | |
390 displays a list of completions, from which you can select a choice in | |
391 the usual manner. @xref{Completion}. | |
392 | |
393 Dynamic abbrev expansion is completely independent of Abbrev mode; the | |
394 expansion of a word with @kbd{M-/} is completely independent of whether | |
395 it has a definition as an ordinary abbrev. | |
396 | |
397 @node Dabbrev Customization | |
398 @section Customizing Dynamic Abbreviation | |
399 | |
400 Normally, dynamic abbrev expansion ignores case when searching for | |
401 expansions. That is, the expansion need not agree in case with the word | |
402 you are expanding. | |
403 | |
404 @vindex dabbrev-case-fold-search | |
405 This feature is controlled by the variable | |
406 @code{dabbrev-case-fold-search}. If it is @code{t}, case is ignored in | |
38461
23f63206a867
Proofreading fixes from Chris Green <chris_e_green@yahoo.com>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38201
diff
changeset
|
407 this search; if it is @code{nil}, the word and the expansion must match |
23f63206a867
Proofreading fixes from Chris Green <chris_e_green@yahoo.com>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38201
diff
changeset
|
408 in case. If the value of @code{dabbrev-case-fold-search} is |
25829 | 409 @code{case-fold-search}, which is true by default, then the variable |
410 @code{case-fold-search} controls whether to ignore case while searching | |
411 for expansions. | |
412 | |
413 @vindex dabbrev-case-replace | |
414 Normally, dynamic abbrev expansion preserves the case pattern @emph{of | |
415 the abbrev you have typed}, by converting the expansion to that case | |
416 pattern. | |
417 | |
418 @vindex dabbrev-case-fold-search | |
419 The variable @code{dabbrev-case-replace} controls whether to preserve | |
420 the case pattern of the abbrev. If it is @code{t}, the abbrev's case | |
38461
23f63206a867
Proofreading fixes from Chris Green <chris_e_green@yahoo.com>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38201
diff
changeset
|
421 pattern is preserved in most cases; if it is @code{nil}, the expansion is |
25829 | 422 always copied verbatim. If the value of @code{dabbrev-case-replace} is |
423 @code{case-replace}, which is true by default, then the variable | |
424 @code{case-replace} controls whether to copy the expansion verbatim. | |
425 | |
426 However, if the expansion contains a complex mixed case pattern, and | |
427 the abbrev matches this pattern as far as it goes, then the expansion is | |
428 always copied verbatim, regardless of those variables. Thus, for | |
429 example, if the buffer contains @code{variableWithSillyCasePattern}, and | |
430 you type @kbd{v a M-/}, it copies the expansion verbatim including its | |
431 case pattern. | |
432 | |
433 @vindex dabbrev-abbrev-char-regexp | |
434 The variable @code{dabbrev-abbrev-char-regexp}, if non-@code{nil}, | |
435 controls which characters are considered part of a word, for dynamic expansion | |
436 purposes. The regular expression must match just one character, never | |
437 two or more. The same regular expression also determines which | |
438 characters are part of an expansion. The value @code{nil} has a special | |
439 meaning: abbreviations are made of word characters, but expansions are | |
440 made of word and symbol characters. | |
441 | |
442 @vindex dabbrev-abbrev-skip-leading-regexp | |
443 In shell scripts and makefiles, a variable name is sometimes prefixed | |
444 with @samp{$} and sometimes not. Major modes for this kind of text can | |
445 customize dynamic abbreviation to handle optional prefixes by setting | |
446 the variable @code{dabbrev-abbrev-skip-leading-regexp}. Its value | |
447 should be a regular expression that matches the optional prefix that | |
448 dynamic abbreviation should ignore. | |
52401 | 449 |
450 @ignore | |
451 arch-tag: 638e0079-9540-48ec-9166-414083e16445 | |
452 @end ignore |