annotate man/faq.texi @ 67926:6e1e5372c3f6

Ignore errors from font-lock-compile-keywords.
author Andreas Schwab <schwab@suse.de>
date Fri, 30 Dec 2005 14:00:30 +0000
parents e188efbb47ee
children fc745b05e928 7beb78bc1f8e
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1 \input texinfo @c -*- coding: latin-1; mode: texinfo; -*-
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2 @c %**start of header
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3 @setfilename ../info/efaq
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4 @settitle GNU Emacs FAQ
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5 @c %**end of header
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6
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7 @setchapternewpage odd
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8
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9 @c This is used in many places
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10 @set VER 22.1
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11
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12 @copying
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13 Copyright (C) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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14 Copyright 1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000 Reuven M. Lerner@*
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15 Copyright 1992,1993 Steven Byrnes@*
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16 Copyright 1990,1991,1992 Joseph Brian Wells@*
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17
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18 @quotation
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19 This list of frequently asked questions about GNU Emacs with answers
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20 (``FAQ'') may be translated into other languages, transformed into other
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21 formats (e.g. Texinfo, Info, WWW, WAIS), and updated with new information.
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22
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23 The same conditions apply to any derivative of the FAQ as apply to the FAQ
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24 itself. Every copy of the FAQ must include this notice or an approved
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25 translation, information on who is currently maintaining the FAQ and how to
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26 contact them (including their e-mail address), and information on where the
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27 latest version of the FAQ is archived (including FTP information).
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28
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29 The FAQ may be copied and redistributed under these conditions, except that
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30 the FAQ may not be embedded in a larger literary work unless that work
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31 itself allows free copying and redistribution.
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32
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33 [This version has been heavily edited since it was included in the Emacs
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34 distribution.]
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35 @end quotation
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36 @end copying
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37
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38 @dircategory Emacs
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39 @direntry
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40 * Emacs FAQ: (efaq). Frequently Asked Questions about Emacs.
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41 @end direntry
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42
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43 @c The @titlepage stuff only appears in the printed version
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44 @titlepage
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45 @sp 10
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46 @center @titlefont{GNU Emacs FAQ}
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47
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48 @c The following two commands start the copyright page.
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49 @page
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50 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll
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51 @insertcopying
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52 @end titlepage
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53
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54 @node Top, FAQ notation, (dir), (dir)
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55
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56 This is the GNU Emacs FAQ, last updated on @today{}.
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57
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58 The FAQ is maintained as a Texinfo document, allowing us to create HTML,
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59 Info, and TeX documents from a single source file, and is slowly but
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60 surely being improved. Please bear with us as we improve on this
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61 format. This FAQ is maintained as a part of GNU Emacs. If you find
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62 any errors, or have any suggestions, please use @kbd{M-x report-emacs-bug}
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63 to report them.
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64
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65 @menu
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66 * FAQ notation::
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67 * General questions::
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68 * Getting help::
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69 * Status of Emacs::
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70 * Common requests::
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71 * Bugs and problems::
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72 * Compiling and installing Emacs::
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73 * Finding Emacs and related packages::
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74 * Major packages and programs::
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75 * Key bindings::
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76 * Alternate character sets::
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77 * Mail and news::
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78 * Concept index::
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79 @end menu
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80
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81 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
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82 @node FAQ notation, General questions, Top, Top
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83 @chapter FAQ notation
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84 @cindex FAQ notation
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85
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86 This chapter describes notation used in the GNU Emacs FAQ, as well as in
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87 the Emacs documentation. Consult this section if this is the first time
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88 you are reading the FAQ, or if you are confused by notation or terms
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89 used in the FAQ.
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90
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91 @menu
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92 * Basic keys::
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93 * Extended commands::
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94 * On-line manual::
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95 * File-name conventions::
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96 * Common acronyms::
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97 @end menu
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98
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99 @node Basic keys, Extended commands, FAQ notation, FAQ notation
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100 @section What do these mean: @kbd{C-h}, @kbd{C-M-a}, @key{RET}, @kbd{@key{ESC} a}, etc.?
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101 @cindex Basic keys
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102 @cindex Control key, notation for
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103 @cindex @key{Meta} key, notation for
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104 @cindex Control-Meta characters, notation for
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105 @cindex @kbd{C-h}, definition of
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106 @cindex @kbd{C-M-h}, definition of
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107 @cindex @key{DEL}, definition of
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108 @cindex @key{ESC}, definition of
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109 @cindex @key{LFD}, definition of
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110 @cindex @key{RET}, definition of
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111 @cindex @key{SPC}, definition of
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112 @cindex @key{TAB}, definition of
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113 @cindex Notation for keys
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114
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115 @itemize @bullet
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116
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117 @item
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118 @kbd{C-x}: press the @key{x} key while holding down the @key{Control} key
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119
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120 @item
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121 @kbd{M-x}: press the @key{x} key while holding down the @key{Meta} key
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122 (if your computer doesn't have a @key{Meta} key, @pxref{No Meta key})
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123
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124 @item
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125 @kbd{M-C-x}: press the @key{x} key while holding down both @key{Control}
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126 and @key{Meta}
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127
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128 @item
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129 @kbd{C-M-x}: a synonym for the above
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130
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131 @item
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132 @key{LFD}: Linefeed or Newline; same as @kbd{C-j}
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133
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134 @item
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135 @key{RET}: @key{Return}, sometimes marked @key{Enter}; same as @kbd{C-m}
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136
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137 @item
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138 @key{DEL}: @key{Delete}, usually @strong{not} the same as
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139 @key{Backspace}; same as @kbd{C-?} (see @ref{Backspace invokes help}, if
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140 deleting invokes Emacs help)
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141
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142 @item
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143 @key{ESC}: Escape; same as @kbd{C-[}
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144
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145 @item
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146 @key{TAB}: Tab; same as @kbd{C-i}
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147
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148 @item
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149 @key{SPC}: Space bar
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150
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151 @end itemize
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152
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153 Key sequences longer than one key (and some single-key sequences) are
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154 written inside quotes or on lines by themselves, like this:
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155
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156 @display
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157 @kbd{M-x frobnicate-while-foo RET}
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158 @end display
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159
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160 @noindent
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161 Any real spaces in such a key sequence should be ignored; only @key{SPC}
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162 really means press the space key.
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163
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164 The @acronym{ASCII} code sent by @kbd{C-x} (except for @kbd{C-?}) is the value
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165 that would be sent by pressing just @key{x} minus 96 (or 64 for
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166 upper-case @key{X}) and will be from 0 to 31. On Unix and GNU/Linux
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167 terminals, the @acronym{ASCII} code sent by @kbd{M-x} is the sum of 128 and the
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168 @acronym{ASCII} code that would be sent by pressing just @key{x}. Essentially,
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169 @key{Control} turns off bits 5 and 6 and @key{Meta} turns on bit
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170 7@footnote{
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171 DOS and Windows terminals don't set bit 7 when the @key{Meta} key is
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172 pressed.}.
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173
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174 @kbd{C-?} (aka @key{DEL}) is @acronym{ASCII} code 127. It is a misnomer to call
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175 @kbd{C-?} a ``control'' key, since 127 has both bits 5 and 6 turned ON.
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176 Also, on very few keyboards does @kbd{C-?} generate @acronym{ASCII} code 127.
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177
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178 @inforef{Text Characters, Text Characters, emacs}, and @inforef{Keys,
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179 Keys, emacs}, for more information. (@xref{On-line manual}, for more
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180 information about Info.)
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181
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182 @node Extended commands, On-line manual, Basic keys, FAQ notation
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183 @section What does @file{M-x @var{command}} mean?
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184 @cindex Extended commands
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185 @cindex Commands, extended
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186 @cindex M-x, meaning of
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187
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188 @kbd{M-x @var{command}} means type @kbd{M-x}, then type the name of the
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189 command, then type @key{RET}. (@xref{Basic keys}, if you're not sure
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190 what @kbd{M-x} and @key{RET} mean.)
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191
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192 @kbd{M-x} (by default) invokes the command
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193 @code{execute-extended-command}. This command allows you to run any
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194 Emacs command if you can remember the command's name. If you can't
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195 remember the command's name, you can type @key{TAB} and @key{SPC} for
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196 completion, @key{?} for a list of possibilities, and @kbd{M-p} and
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197 @kbd{M-n} (or up-arrow and down-arrow on terminals that have these
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198 editing keys) to see previous commands entered. An Emacs @dfn{command}
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199 is an @dfn{interactive} Emacs function.
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200
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201 @cindex @key{Do} key
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202 Your system administrator may have bound other key sequences to invoke
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203 @code{execute-extended-command}. A function key labeled @kbd{Do} is a
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204 good candidate for this, on keyboards that have such a key.
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205
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206 If you need to run non-interactive Emacs functions, see @ref{Evaluating
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207 Emacs Lisp code}.
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208
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209 @node On-line manual, File-name conventions, Extended commands, FAQ notation
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210 @section How do I read topic XXX in the on-line manual?
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211 @cindex On-line manual, reading topics in
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212 @cindex Reading topics in the on-line manual
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213 @cindex Finding topics in the on-line manual
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214 @cindex Info, finding topics in
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215
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216 When we refer you to some @var{topic} in the on-line manual, you can
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217 read this manual node inside Emacs (assuming nothing is broken) by
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218 typing @kbd{C-h i m emacs @key{RET} m @var{topic} @key{RET}}.
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219
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220 This invokes Info, the GNU hypertext documentation browser. If you don't
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221 already know how to use Info, type @key{?} from within Info.
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222
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223 If we refer to @var{topic}:@var{subtopic}, type @kbd{C-h i m emacs
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224 @key{RET} m @var{topic} @key{RET} m @var{subtopic} @key{RET}}.
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225
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226 If these commands don't work as expected, your system administrator may
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227 not have installed the Info files, or may have installed them
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228 improperly. In this case you should complain.
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229
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230 @xref{Getting a printed manual}, if you would like a paper copy of the
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231 Emacs manual.
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232
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233 @node File-name conventions, Common acronyms, On-line manual, FAQ notation
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234 @section What are @file{etc/SERVICE}, @file{src/config.h}, and @file{lisp/default.el}?
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235 @cindex File-name conventions
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236 @cindex Conventions for file names
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237 @cindex Directories and files that come with Emacs
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238
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239 These are files that come with Emacs. The Emacs distribution is divided
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240 into subdirectories; the important ones are @file{etc}, @file{lisp}, and
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241 @file{src}.
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242
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243 If you use Emacs, but don't know where it is kept on your system, start
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244 Emacs, then type @kbd{C-h v data-directory @key{RET}}. The directory
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245 name displayed by this will be the full pathname of the installed
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246 @file{etc} directory. (This full path is recorded in the Emacs variable
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247 @code{data-directory}, and @kbd{C-h v} displays the value and the
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248 documentation of a variable.)
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249
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250 The location of your Info directory (i.e., where on-line documentation
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251 is stored) is kept in the variable @code{Info-default-directory-list}. Use
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252 @kbd{C-h v Info-default-directory-list @key{RET}} to see the value of
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253 this variable, which will be a list of directory names. The last
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254 directory in that list is probably where most Info files are stored. By
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255 default, Info documentation is placed in @file{/usr/local/info}.
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256
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257 Some of these files are available individually via FTP or e-mail; see
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258 @ref{Informational files for Emacs}. They all are available in the
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259 source distribution. Many of the files in the @file{etc} directory are
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260 also available via the Emacs @samp{Help} menu, or by typing @kbd{C-h ?}
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261 (@kbd{M-x help-for-help}).
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262
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263 Your system administrator may have removed the @file{src} directory and
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264 many files from the @file{etc} directory.
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265
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266 @node Common acronyms, , File-name conventions, FAQ notation
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267 @section What are FSF, LPF, OSF, GNU, RMS, FTP, and GPL?
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268 @cindex FSF, definition of
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269 @cindex LPF, definition of
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270 @cindex OSF, definition of
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271 @cindex GNU, definition of
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272 @cindex RMS, definition of
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273 @cindex Stallman, Richard, acronym for
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274 @cindex Richard Stallman, acronym for
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275 @cindex FTP, definition of
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276 @cindex GPL, definition of
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277 @cindex Acronyms, definitions for
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278 @cindex Common acronyms, definitions for
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279
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280 @table @asis
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281
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282 @item FSF
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283 Free Software Foundation
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284
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285 @item LPF
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286 League for Programming Freedom
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287
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288 @item OSF
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289 Open Software Foundation
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290
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291 @item GNU
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292 GNU's Not Unix
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293
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294 @item RMS
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295 Richard Matthew Stallman
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296
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297 @item FTP
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298 File Transfer Protocol
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299
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300 @item GPL
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301 GNU General Public License
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302
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303 @end table
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304
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305 Avoid confusing the FSF, the LPF, and the OSF. The LPF opposes
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306 look-and-feel copyrights and software patents. The FSF aims to make
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307 high quality free software available for everyone. The OSF is a
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308 consortium of computer vendors which develops commercial software for
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309 Unix systems.
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310
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311 The word ``free'' in the title of the Free Software Foundation refers to
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312 ``freedom,'' not ``zero dollars.'' Anyone can charge any price for
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313 GPL-covered software that they want to. However, in practice, the
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314 freedom enforced by the GPL leads to low prices, because you can always
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315 get the software for less money from someone else, since everyone has
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316 the right to resell or give away GPL-covered software.
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317
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318 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
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319 @node General questions, Getting help, FAQ notation, Top
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320 @chapter General questions
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321 @cindex General questions
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322
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323 This chapter contains general questions having to do with Emacs, the
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324 Free Software Foundation, and related organizations.
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325
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326 @menu
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327 * The LPF::
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328 * Real meaning of copyleft::
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329 * Guidelines for newsgroup postings::
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330 * Newsgroup archives::
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331 * Reporting bugs::
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332 * Unsubscribing from Emacs lists::
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333 * Contacting the FSF::
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334 @end menu
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335
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336 @node The LPF, Real meaning of copyleft, General questions, General questions
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337 @section What is the LPF?
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338 @cindex LPF, description of
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339 @cindex League for Programming Freedom
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340 @cindex Software patents, opposition to
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341 @cindex Patents for software, opposition to
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342
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343 The LPF opposes the expanding danger of software patents and
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344 look-and-feel copyrights. To get more information, feel free to contact
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345 the LPF via e-mail or otherwise. You may also contact
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346 @email{jbw@@cs.bu.edu, Joe Wells}; he will be happy to talk to you
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347 about the LPF.
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348
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349 You can find more information about the LPF in the file @file{etc/LPF}.
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350 More papers describing the LPF's views are available on the Internet and
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351 also from @uref{http://lpf.ai.mit.edu/, the LPF home page}.
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352
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353 @node Real meaning of copyleft, Guidelines for newsgroup postings, The LPF, General questions
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354 @section What is the real legal meaning of the GNU copyleft?
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355 @cindex Copyleft, real meaning of
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356 @cindex GPL, real meaning of
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357 @cindex General Public License, real meaning of
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358 @cindex Discussion of the GPL
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359
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360 The real legal meaning of the GNU General Public License (copyleft) will
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361 only be known if and when a judge rules on its validity and scope.
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362 There has never been a copyright infringement case involving the GPL to
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363 set any precedents. Please take any discussion regarding this issue to
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364 the newsgroup @uref{news:gnu.misc.discuss}, which was created to hold the
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365 extensive flame wars on the subject.
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366
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367 RMS writes:
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368
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369 @quotation
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370 The legal meaning of the GNU copyleft is less important than the spirit,
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371 which is that Emacs is a free software project and that work pertaining
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372 to Emacs should also be free software. ``Free'' means that all users
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373 have the freedom to study, share, change and improve Emacs. To make
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374 sure everyone has this freedom, pass along source code when you
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375 distribute any version of Emacs or a related program, and give the
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376 recipients the same freedom that you enjoyed.
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377 @end quotation
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378
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379 @node Guidelines for newsgroup postings, Newsgroup archives, Real meaning of copyleft, General questions
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380 @section What are appropriate messages for @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help}, @uref{news:gnu.emacs.bug}, @uref{news:comp.emacs}, etc.?
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381 @cindex Newsgroups, appropriate messages for
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382 @cindex GNU newsgroups, appropriate messages for
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383 @cindex Usenet groups, appropriate messages for
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384 @cindex Mailing lists, appropriate messages for
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385 @cindex Posting messages to newsgroups
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386
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387 @cindex GNU mailing lists
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388 The file @file{etc/MAILINGLISTS} describes the purpose of each GNU
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389 mailing list. (@xref{Informational files for Emacs}, if you want a copy
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390 of the file.) For those lists which are gatewayed with newsgroups, it
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391 lists both the newsgroup name and the mailing list address.
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392
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393 The newsgroup @uref{news:comp.emacs} is for discussion of Emacs programs
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394 in general. This includes Emacs along with various other
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395 implementations, such as XEmacs, JOVE, MicroEmacs, Freemacs, MG,
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396 Unipress, CCA, and Epsilon.
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397
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398 Many people post Emacs questions to @uref{news:comp.emacs} because they
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399 don't receive any of the @code{gnu.*} newsgroups. Arguments have been
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400 made both for and against posting GNU-Emacs-specific material to
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401 @uref{news:comp.emacs}. You have to decide for yourself.
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402
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403 Messages advocating ``non-free'' software are considered unacceptable on
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404 any of the @code{gnu.*} newsgroups except for @uref{news:gnu.misc.discuss},
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405 which was created to hold the extensive flame-wars on the subject.
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406 ``Non-free'' software includes any software for which the end user can't
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407 freely modify the source code and exchange enhancements. Be careful to
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408 remove the @code{gnu.*} groups from the @samp{Newsgroups:} line when
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409 posting a followup that recommends such software.
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410
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411 @uref{news:gnu.emacs.bug} is a place where bug reports appear, but avoid
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412 posting bug reports to this newsgroup directly (@pxref{Reporting bugs}).
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413
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414 @node Newsgroup archives, Reporting bugs, Guidelines for newsgroup postings, General questions
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415 @section Where can I get old postings to @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help} and other GNU groups?
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416 @cindex Archived postings from @code{gnu.emacs.help}
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417 @cindex Usenet archives for GNU groups
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418 @cindex Old Usenet postings for GNU groups
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419
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420 The FSF has maintained archives of all of the GNU mailing lists for many
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421 years, although there may be some unintentional gaps in coverage. The
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422 archive is not particularly well organized or easy to retrieve
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423 individual postings from, but pretty much everything is there.
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424
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425 The archive is at @uref{ftp://ftp-mailing-list-archives.gnu.org}.
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426
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427 The archive can be browsed over the web at
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428 @uref{http://mail.gnu.org/archive/html/, the GNU mail archive}.
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429
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430 Web-based Usenet search services, such as
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431 @uref{http://groups.google.com, Google}, also archive the
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432 @code{gnu.*} groups.
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433
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434 @node Reporting bugs, Unsubscribing from Emacs lists, Newsgroup archives, General questions
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435 @section Where should I report bugs and other problems with Emacs?
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436 @cindex Bug reporting
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437 @cindex Good bug reports
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438 @cindex How to submit a bug report
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439 @cindex Reporting bugs
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440
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441 The correct way to report Emacs bugs is by e-mail to
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442 @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org}. Anything sent here also appears in the
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443 newsgroup @uref{news:gnu.emacs.bug}, but please use e-mail instead of
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444 news to submit the bug report. This ensures a reliable return address
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445 so you can be contacted for further details.
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446
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447 Be sure to read the ``Bugs'' section of the Emacs manual before reporting
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448 a bug to bug-gnu-emacs! The manual describes in detail how to submit a
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449 useful bug report. (@xref{On-line manual}, if you don't know how to read the
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450 manual.)
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451
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452 RMS says:
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453
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454 @quotation
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455 Sending bug reports to @email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} (which has the
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456 effect of posting on @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help}) is undesirable because
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457 it takes the time of an unnecessarily large group of people, most of
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458 whom are just users and have no idea how to fix these problem.
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459 @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} reaches a much smaller group of people
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460 who are more likely to know what to do and have expressed a wish to
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461 receive more messages about Emacs than the others.
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462 @end quotation
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463
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464 RMS says it is sometimes fine to post to @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help}:
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465
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466 @quotation
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467 If you have reported a bug and you don't hear about a possible fix,
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468 then after a suitable delay (such as a week) it is okay to post on
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469 @code{gnu.emacs.help} asking if anyone can help you.
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470 @end quotation
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471
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472 If you are unsure whether you have found a bug, consider the following
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473 non-exhaustive list, courtesy of RMS:
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474
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475 @quotation
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476 If Emacs crashes, that is a bug. If Emacs gets compilation errors
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477 while building, that is a bug. If Emacs crashes while building, that
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478 is a bug. If Lisp code does not do what the documentation says it
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479 does, that is a bug.
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480 @end quotation
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481
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482 @node Unsubscribing from Emacs lists, Contacting the FSF, Reporting bugs, General questions
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483 @section How do I unsubscribe from this mailing list?
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484 @cindex Unsubscribing from GNU mailing lists
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485 @cindex Removing yourself from GNU mailing lists
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486
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diff changeset
487 If you are receiving a GNU mailing list named @var{list}, you might be
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
488 able to unsubscribe from it by sending a request to the address
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
489 @email{@var{list}-request@@gnu.org}. However, this will not work if you are
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490 not listed on the main mailing list, but instead receive the mail from a
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parents:
diff changeset
491 distribution point. In that case, you will have to track down at which
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parents:
diff changeset
492 distribution point you are listed. Inspecting the @samp{Received} headers
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diff changeset
493 on the mail messages may help, along with liberal use of the @samp{EXPN} or
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
494 @samp{VRFY} sendmail commands through @samp{telnet @var{site-address}
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parents: 34151
diff changeset
495 smtp}. Ask your postmaster for help, if you cannot figure out these
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
496 details.
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497
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498 @node Contacting the FSF, , Unsubscribing from Emacs lists, General questions
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parents:
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499 @section What is the current address of the FSF?
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parents:
diff changeset
500 @cindex Snail mail address of the FSF
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parents:
diff changeset
501 @cindex Postal address of the FSF
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parents:
diff changeset
502 @cindex Contracting the FSF
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parents:
diff changeset
503 @cindex Free Software Foundation, contacting
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parents:
diff changeset
504
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parents:
diff changeset
505 @table @asis
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506
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507 @item E-mail
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508 gnu@@gnu.org
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509
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510 @item Telephone
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parents:
diff changeset
511 +1-617-542-5942
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512
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513 @item Fax
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parents:
diff changeset
514 +1-617-542-2652
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515
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516 @item World Wide Web
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517 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/}
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518
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519 @item Postal address
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520 Free Software Foundation@*
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Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61816
diff changeset
521 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor@*
23a17af379b1 Update FSF's address.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61816
diff changeset
522 Boston, MA 02110-1301@*
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523 USA@*
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524
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525 @end table
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526
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527 @cindex Ordering GNU software
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
528 For details on how to order items directly from the FSF, see the
51449
352a8000c437 Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 50954
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529 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html, GNU Web site}.
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530
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531 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
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532 @node Getting help, Status of Emacs, General questions, Top
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parents:
diff changeset
533 @chapter Getting help
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parents:
diff changeset
534 @cindex Getting help
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parents:
diff changeset
535
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536 This chapter tells you how to get help with Emacs
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537
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538 @menu
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Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
539 * Basic editing::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
540 * Learning how to do something::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
541 * Getting a printed manual::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
542 * Emacs Lisp documentation::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
543 * Installing Texinfo documentation::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
544 * Printing a Texinfo file::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
545 * Viewing Info files outside of Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
546 * Informational files for Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
547 * Help installing Emacs::
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Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
548 * Obtaining the FAQ::
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549 @end menu
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550
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551 @node Basic editing, Learning how to do something, Getting help, Getting help
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parents:
diff changeset
552 @section I'm just starting Emacs; how do I do basic editing?
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parents:
diff changeset
553 @cindex Basic editing with Emacs
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
554 @cindex Beginning editing
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
555 @cindex Tutorial, invoking the
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
556 @cindex Self-paced tutorial, invoking the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
557 @cindex Help system, entering the
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parents:
diff changeset
558
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Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
559 Type @kbd{C-h t} to invoke the self-paced tutorial. Just typing
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Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
560 @kbd{C-h} enters the help system. Starting with Emacs 22, the tutorial
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Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
561 is available in many foreign languages such as French, German, Japanese,
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Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
562 Russian, etc. Use @kbd{M-x help-with-tutorial-spec-language @key{RET}}
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
563 to choose your language and start the tutorial.
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564
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diff changeset
565 Your system administrator may have changed @kbd{C-h} to act like
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
566 @key{DEL} to deal with local keyboards. You can use @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
567 help-for-help} instead to invoke help. To discover what key (if any)
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parents:
diff changeset
568 invokes help on your system, type @kbd{M-x where-is @key{RET}
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
569 help-for-help @key{RET}}. This will print a comma-separated list of key
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
570 sequences in the echo area. Ignore the last character in each key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
571 sequence listed. Each of the resulting key sequences invokes help.
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
572
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diff changeset
573 Emacs help works best if it is invoked by a single key whose value
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
574 should be stored in the variable @code{help-char}.
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
575
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parents:
diff changeset
576 @node Learning how to do something, Getting a printed manual, Basic editing, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
577 @section How do I find out how to do something in Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
578 @cindex Help for Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
579 @cindex Learning to do something in Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
580 @cindex Reference card for Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
581 @cindex Overview of help systems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
582
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parents:
diff changeset
583 There are several methods for finding out how to do things in Emacs.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
584
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parents:
diff changeset
585 @itemize @bullet
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parents:
diff changeset
586
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parents: 34151
diff changeset
587 @cindex Reading the Emacs manual
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parents:
diff changeset
588 @item
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parents:
diff changeset
589 The complete text of the Emacs manual is available on-line via the Info
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b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
590 hypertext reader. Type @kbd{C-h r} to display the manual in Info mode.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
591 Typing @key{h} immediately after entering Info will provide a short
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
592 tutorial on how to use it.
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parents:
diff changeset
593
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
594 @cindex Lookup a subject in a manual
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
595 @cindex Index search in a manual
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
596 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
597 To quickly locate the section of the manual which discusses a certain
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
598 issue, or describes a command or a variable, type @kbd{C-h i m emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
599 @key{RET} i @var{topic} @key{RET}}, where @var{topic} is the name of the
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
600 topic, the command, or the variable which you are looking for. If this
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
601 does not land you on the right place in the manual, press @kbd{,}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
602 (comma) repeatedly until you find what you need. (The @kbd{i} and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
603 @kbd{,} keys invoke the index-searching functions, which look for the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
604 @var{topic} you type in all the indices of the Emacs manual.)
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
605
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
606 @cindex Apropos
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
607 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
608 You can list all of the commands whose names contain a certain word
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
609 (actually which match a regular expression) using @kbd{C-h a} (@kbd{M-x
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
610 command-apropos}).
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
611
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
612 @cindex Command description in the manual
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
613 @item
54478
c0b7b601058f Fix help key bindings.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 52979
diff changeset
614 The command @kbd{C-h F} (@code{Info-goto-emacs-command-node}) prompts
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
615 for the name of a command, and then attempts to find the section in the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
616 Emacs manual where that command is described.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
617
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
618 @cindex Finding commands and variables
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
619 @item
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
620 You can list all of the functions and variables whose names contain a
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
621 certain word using @kbd{M-x apropos}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
622
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
623 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
624 You can list all of the functions and variables whose documentation
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
625 matches a regular expression or a string, using @kbd{M-x
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
626 apropos-documentation}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
627
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diff changeset
628 @item
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
629 You can order a hardcopy of the manual from the FSF. @xref{Getting a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
630 printed manual}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
631
34741
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
632 @cindex Reference cards, in other languages
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parents:
diff changeset
633 @item
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
634 You can get a printed reference card listing commands and keys to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
635 invoke them. You can order one from the FSF for $1 (or 10 for $5),
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
636 or you can print your own from the @file{etc/refcard.tex} or
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
637 @file{etc/refcard.ps} files in the Emacs distribution. Beginning with
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
638 version 21.1, the Emacs distribution comes with translations of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
639 reference card into several languages; look for files named
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
640 @file{etc/@var{lang}-refcard.*}, where @var{lang} is a two-letter code
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
641 of the language. For example, the German version of the reference card
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
642 is in the files @file{etc/de-refcard.tex} and @file{etc/de-refcard.ps}.
25474
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parents:
diff changeset
643
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
644 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
645 There are many other commands in Emacs for getting help and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
646 information. To get a list of these commands, type @samp{?} after
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
647 @kbd{C-h}.
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
648
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
649 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
650
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
651 @node Getting a printed manual, Emacs Lisp documentation, Learning how to do something, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
652 @section How do I get a printed copy of the Emacs manual?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
653 @cindex Printed Emacs manual, obtaining
40014
79d5f2aed303 (Getting a printed manual): Add an index entry for HTML version
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39551
diff changeset
654 @cindex Manual, obtaining a printed or HTML copy of
79d5f2aed303 (Getting a printed manual): Add an index entry for HTML version
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39551
diff changeset
655 @cindex Emacs manual, obtaining a printed or HTML copy of
25474
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
656
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
657 You can order a printed copy of the Emacs manual from the FSF. For
51449
352a8000c437 Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 50954
diff changeset
658 details see the @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html, GNU Web site}.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
659
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
660 @c The number 620 below is version-dependent!
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
661 The full Texinfo source for the manual also comes in the @file{man}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
662 directory of the Emacs distribution, if you're daring enough to try to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
663 print out this 620-page manual yourself (@pxref{Printing a Texinfo
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
664 file}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
665
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
666 If you absolutely have to print your own copy, and you don't have @TeX{},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
667 you can get a PostScript version from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
668
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
669 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/emacs.ps.gz}
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
670
40014
79d5f2aed303 (Getting a printed manual): Add an index entry for HTML version
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39551
diff changeset
671 @cindex HTML version of Emacs manual, obtaining
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
672 An HTML version of the manual is at
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
673
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
674 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/emacs.html}
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
675
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
676 @xref{Learning how to do something}, for how to view the manual on-line.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
677
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
678 @node Emacs Lisp documentation, Installing Texinfo documentation, Getting a printed manual, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
679 @section Where can I get documentation on Emacs Lisp?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
680 @cindex Documentation on Emacs Lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
681 @cindex Function documentation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
682 @cindex Variable documentation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
683 @cindex Emacs Lisp Reference Manual
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
684 @cindex Reference manual for Emacs Lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
685
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
686 Within Emacs, you can type @kbd{C-h f} to get the documentation for a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
687 function, @kbd{C-h v} for a variable.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
688
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
689 For more information, the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual is available
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
690 on-line, in Info format. @xref{Top, Emacs Lisp,, elisp, The
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
691 Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
692
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
693 You can also order a hardcopy of the manual, details on ordering it from
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
694 FSF are on the @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html, GNU Web site}.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
695
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
696 An HTML version of the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual is available at
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
697
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
698 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/elisp-manual/elisp.html}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
699
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
700 @node Installing Texinfo documentation, Printing a Texinfo file, Emacs Lisp documentation, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
701 @section How do I install a piece of Texinfo documentation?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
702 @cindex Texinfo documentation, installing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
703 @cindex Installing Texinfo documentation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
704 @cindex New Texinfo files, installing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
705 @cindex Documentation, installing new Texinfo files
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
706 @cindex Info files, how to install
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
707
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
708 First, you must turn the Texinfo files into Info files. You may do this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
709 using the stand-alone @file{makeinfo} program, available as part of the latest
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
710 Texinfo package at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
711
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
712 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/texinfo/texinfo-4.8.tar.gz}
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
713
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
714 and all mirrors of @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (for a list, @pxref{Current GNU
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
715 distributions}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
716
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
717 For information about the Texinfo format, read the Texinfo manual which
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
718 comes with the Texinfo package. This manual also comes installed in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
719 Info format, so you can read it on-line; type @kbd{C-h i m texinfo
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
720 @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
721
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
722 Alternatively, you could use the Emacs command @kbd{M-x
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
723 texinfo-format-buffer}, after visiting the Texinfo source file of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
724 manual you want to convert.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
725
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
726 Neither @code{texinfo-format-buffer} nor @file{makeinfo} installs the
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
727 resulting Info files in Emacs's Info tree. To install Info files,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
728 perform these steps:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
729
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
730 @enumerate
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
731 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
732 Move the files to the @file{info} directory in the installed Emacs
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
733 distribution. @xref{File-name conventions}, if you don't know where that
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
734 is.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
735
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
736 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
737 Run the @code{install-info} command, which is part of the Texinfo
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
738 distribution, to update the main Info directory menu, like this:
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
739
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
740 @example
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
741 install-info --info-dir=@var{dir-path} @var{dir-path}/@var{file}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
742 @end example
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
743
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
744 @noindent
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
745 where @var{dir-path} is the full path to the directory where you copied
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
746 the produced Info file(s), and @var{file} is the name of the Info file
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
747 you produced and want to install.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
748
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
749 If you don't have the @code{install-info} command installed, you can
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
750 edit the file @file{info/dir} in the installed Emacs distribution, and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
751 add a line for the top level node in the Info package that you are
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
752 installing. Follow the examples already in this file. The format is:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
753
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
754 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
755 * Topic: (relative-pathname). Short description of topic.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
756 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
757
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
758 @end enumerate
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
759
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
760 If you want to install Info files and you don't have the necessary
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
761 privileges, you have several options:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
762
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
763 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
764 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
765 Info files don't actually need to be installed before being used. You
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
766 can feed a file name to the @code{Info-goto-node} command (invoked by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
767 pressing @key{g} in Info mode) by typing the name of the file in
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
768 parentheses. This goes to the node named ``Top'' in that file. For
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
769 example, to view a Info file named @file{@var{info-file}} in your home
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
770 directory, you can type this:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
771
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
772 @example
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
773 @kbd{C-h i g (~/@var{info-file}) @key{RET}}
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
774 @end example
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
775
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
776 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
777 You can create your own Info directory. You can tell Emacs where that
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
778 Info directory is by adding its pathname to the value of the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
779 @code{Info-default-directory-list}. For example, to use a private Info
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
780 directory which is a subdirectory of your home directory named @file{Info},
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
781 you could put this in your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
782
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
783 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
784 (setq Info-default-directory-list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
785 (cons "~/Info" Info-default-directory-list))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
786 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
787
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
788 You will need a top-level Info file named @file{dir} in this directory
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
789 which has everything the system @file{dir} file has in it, except it should
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
790 list only entries for Info files in that directory. You might not need
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
791 it if all files in this directory were referenced by other @file{dir}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
792 files. The node lists from all @file{dir} files in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
793 @code{Info-default-directory-list} are merged by the Info system.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
794
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
795 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
796
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
797 @node Printing a Texinfo file, Viewing Info files outside of Emacs, Installing Texinfo documentation, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
798 @section How do I print a Texinfo file?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
799 @cindex Printing a Texinfo file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
800 @cindex Texinfo file, printing
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
801 @cindex Printing documentation
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
802
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
803 You can't get nicely printed output from Info files; you must still have
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
804 the original Texinfo source file for the manual you want to print.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
805
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
806 Assuming you have @TeX{} installed on your system, follow these steps:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
807
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
808 @enumerate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
809
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
810 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
811 Make sure the first line of the Texinfo file looks like this:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
812
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
813 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
814 \input texinfo
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
815 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
816
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
817 You may need to change @samp{texinfo} to the full pathname of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
818 @file{texinfo.tex} file, which comes with Emacs as
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
819 @file{man/texinfo.tex} (or copy or link it into the current directory).
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
820
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
821 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
822 Type @kbd{texi2dvi @var{texinfo-source}}, where @var{texinfo-source} is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
823 the name of the Texinfo source file for which you want to produce a
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
824 printed copy.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
825
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
826 The @samp{texi2dvi} script is part of the GNU Texinfo distribution
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
827 (@pxref{Installing Texinfo documentation}).
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
828
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
829 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
830 Print the DVI file @file{@var{texinfo-source}.dvi} in the normal way for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
831 printing DVI files at your site. For example, if you have a PostScript
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
832 printer, run the @code{dvips} program to print the DVI file on that
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
833 printer.
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
834
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
835 @end enumerate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
836
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
837 To get more general instructions, retrieve the latest Texinfo package
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
838 (@pxref{Installing Texinfo documentation}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
839
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
840 @node Viewing Info files outside of Emacs, Informational files for Emacs, Printing a Texinfo file, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
841 @section Can I view Info files without using Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
842 @cindex Viewing Info files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
843 @cindex Info file viewers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
844 @cindex Alternative Info file viewers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
845
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
846 Yes. Here are some alternative programs:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
847
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
848 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
849
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
850 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
851 @code{info}, a stand-alone version of the Info program, comes as part of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
852 the Texinfo package. @xref{Installing Texinfo documentation}, for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
853 details.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
854
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
855 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
856 Xinfo, a stand-alone version of the Info program that runs under X
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
857 Window system. You can get it at
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
858 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/xinfo/xinfo-1.01.01.tar.gz} and all
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
859 mirrors of @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (see @ref{Current GNU distributions}, for a
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
860 list of mirrors).
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
861
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
862 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
863 Tkinfo, an Info viewer that runs under X Window system and uses Tcl/Tk.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
864 You can get Tkinfo at
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
865 @uref{http://math-www.uni-paderborn.de/~axel/tkinfo/}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
866
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
867 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
868
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
869 @node Informational files for Emacs, Help installing Emacs, Viewing Info files outside of Emacs, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
870 @section What informational files are available for Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
871 @cindex Informational files included with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
872 @cindex Files included with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
873 @cindex @file{COPYING}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
874 @cindex @file{DISTRIB}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
875 @cindex @file{FTP}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
876 @cindex @file{GNU}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
877 @cindex @file{INTERVIEW}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
878 @cindex @file{LPF}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
879 @cindex @file{MACHINES}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
880 @cindex @file{MAILINGLISTS}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
881 @cindex @file{NEWS}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
882 @cindex @file{SERVICE}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
883 @cindex @file{SUN-SUPPORT}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
884
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
885 This isn't a frequently asked question, but it should be! A variety of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
886 informational files about Emacs and relevant aspects of the GNU project
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
887 are available for you to read.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
888
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
889 The following files are available in the @file{etc} directory of the
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
890 Emacs distribution (see @ref{File-name conventions}, if you're not sure
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
891 where that is).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
892
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
893 @table @file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
894
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
895 @item COPYING
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
896 GNU General Public License
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
897
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
898 @item DISTRIB
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
899 Emacs Availability Information, including the popular Free Software
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
900 Foundation Order Form
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
901
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
902 @item FTP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
903 How to get GNU Software by Internet FTP or by UUCP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
904
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
905 @item GNU
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
906 The GNU Manifesto
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
907
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
908 @item INTERVIEW
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
909 Richard Stallman discusses his public-domain UNIX-compatible software
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
910 system with BYTE editors
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
911
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
912 @item LPF
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
913 Why you should join the League for Programming Freedom
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
914
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
915 @item MACHINES
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
916 Status of Emacs on Various Machines and Systems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
917
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
918 @item MAILINGLISTS
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
919 GNU Project Electronic Mailing Lists
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
920
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
921 @item NEWS
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
922 Emacs news, a history of recent user-visible changes
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
923
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
924 @item SERVICE
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
925 GNU Service Directory
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
926
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
927 @item SUN-SUPPORT
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
928 including ``Using Emacstool with GNU Emacs''
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
929
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
930 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
931
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
932 More GNU information, including back issues of the @cite{GNU's
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
933 Bulletin}, are at
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
934
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
935 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/bulletins/bulletins.html} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
936
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
937 @uref{http://www.cs.pdx.edu/~trent/gnu/gnu.html}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
938
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
939 @node Help installing Emacs, Obtaining the FAQ, Informational files for Emacs, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
940 @section Where can I get help in installing Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
941 @cindex Installation help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
942 @cindex Help installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
943
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
944 @xref{Installing Emacs}, for some basic installation hints, and see
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
945 @ref{Problems building Emacs}, or @ref{Linking with -lX11 fails}, if you
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
946 have problems with the installation.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
947
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
948 The file @file{etc/SERVICE} (see @ref{File-name conventions}, if you're
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
949 not sure where that is) lists companies and individuals willing to sell
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
950 you help in installing or using Emacs. An up-to-date version this file
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
951 is available on @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (@pxref{Informational files for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
952 Emacs}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
953
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
954 @node Obtaining the FAQ, , Help installing Emacs, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
955 @section Where can I get the latest version of this FAQ?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
956 @cindex FAQ, obtaining the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
957 @cindex Latest FAQ version, obtaining the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
958 @cindex Retrieving the latest FAQ version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
959 @cindex E-mail, retrieving the FAQ via
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
960 @cindex Web, reading the FAQ on the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
961
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
962 The Emacs FAQ is available in several ways:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
963
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
964 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
965
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
966 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
967 Inside of Emacs itself. You can get it from selecting the @samp{Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
968 FAQ} option from the @samp{Help} menu of the Emacs menu bar at the top
54478
c0b7b601058f Fix help key bindings.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 52979
diff changeset
969 of any Emacs frame, or by typing @kbd{C-h C-f} (@kbd{M-x view-emacs-FAQ}).
25474
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
970
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
971 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
972 Via USENET. If you can read news, the FAQ should be available in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
973 news spool, in both the @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
974 @uref{news:comp.emacs} newsgroups. Every news reader should allow you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
975 to read any news article that is still in the news spool, even if you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
976 have read the article before. You may need to read the instructions for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
977 your news reader to discover how to do this. In @file{rn}, this command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
978 will do this for you at the article selection level:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
979
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
980 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
981 ?GNU Emacs Frequently Asked Questions?rc:m
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
982 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
983
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
984 In Gnus, you should type @kbd{C-u C-x C-s} from the @file{*Summary*}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
985 buffer or @kbd{C-u @key{SPC}} from the @file{*Newsgroup*} buffer to view
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
986 all articles in a newsgroup.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
987
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
988 If the FAQ articles have expired and have been deleted from your news
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
989 spool, it might (or might not) do some good to complain to your news
25474
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
990 administrator, because the most recent FAQ should not expire for a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
991 while.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
992
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
993 @item
25474
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parents:
diff changeset
994 In the Emacs distribution. Since Emacs 18.56, the FAQ at the time
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
995 of release has been part of the Emacs distribution as either
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
996 @file{etc/FAQ} or @file{man/faq.texi} (@pxref{File-name conventions}).
25474
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
997
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
998 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
999 Via anonymous ftp and e-mail from @file{rtfm.mit.edu} (and its mirror in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1000 Europe), the main repository for FAQs and other items posted to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1001 news.answers. The Emacs FAQs are available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1002
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1003 @uref{ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.emacs/} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1004
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1005 @uref{ftp://ftp.uni-paderborn.de/pub/doc/FAQ/comp/emacs/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1006
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1007 If you do not have access to anonymous FTP, you can access the archives
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1008 using the @file{rtfm.mit.edu} mail server. The Emacs FAQ can be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1009 retrieved by sending mail to @email{mail-server@@rtfm.mit.edu} with a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1010 blank subject and containing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1011
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1012 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1013 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/diffs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1014 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part1
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1015 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part2
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1016 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part3
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1017 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part4
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1018 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part5
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1019 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1020
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1021 For more information, send email to @email{mail-server@@rtfm.mit.edu}
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
1022 with @samp{help} and @samp{index} in the body on separate lines.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1023 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1024
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1025 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1026 @node Status of Emacs, Common requests, Getting help, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1027 @chapter Status of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1028 @cindex Status of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1029
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1030 This chapter gives you basic information about Emacs, including its
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1031 latest version status.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1032
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1033 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1034 * Origin of the term Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1035 * Latest version of Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1036 * New in Emacs 20::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1037 * New in Emacs 21::
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1038 * New in Emacs 22::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1039 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1040
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1041 @node Origin of the term Emacs, Latest version of Emacs, Status of Emacs, Status of Emacs
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1042 @section Where does the name ``Emacs'' come from?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1043 @cindex Origin of the term ``Emacs''
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1044 @cindex Emacs name origin
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1045 @cindex TECO
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1046 @cindex Original version of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1047
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1048 Emacs originally was an acronym for Editor MACroS. RMS says he ``picked
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1049 the name Emacs because @key{E} was not in use as an abbreviation on ITS at
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1050 the time.'' The first Emacs was a set of macros written in 1976 at MIT
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1051 by RMS for the editor TECO (Text Editor and COrrector, originally Tape
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1052 Editor and COrrector) under ITS on a PDP-10. RMS had already extended
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1053 TECO with a ``real-time'' full-screen mode with reprogrammable keys.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1054 Emacs was started by @email{gls@@east.sun.com, Guy Steele} as a project
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1055 to unify the many divergent TECO command sets and key bindings at MIT,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1056 and completed by RMS.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1057
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1058 Many people have said that TECO code looks a lot like line noise; you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1059 can read more at @uref{news:alt.lang.teco}. Someone has written a TECO
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1060 implementation in Emacs Lisp (to find it, see @ref{Packages that do not
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1061 come with Emacs}); it would be an interesting project to run the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1062 original TECO Emacs inside of Emacs.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1063
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1064 @cindex Why Emacs?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1065 For some not-so-serious alternative reasons for Emacs to have that
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1066 name, check out the file @file{etc/JOKES} (@pxref{File-name
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1067 conventions}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1068
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1069 @node Latest version of Emacs, New in Emacs 20, Origin of the term Emacs, Status of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1070 @section What is the latest version of Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1071 @cindex Version, latest
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1072 @cindex Latest version of Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1073
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1074 Emacs @value{VER} is the current version as of this writing.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1075
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1076 @node New in Emacs 20, New in Emacs 21, Latest version of Emacs, Status of Emacs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1077 @section What is different about Emacs 20?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1078 @cindex Differences between Emacs 19 and Emacs 20
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1079 @cindex Emacs 20, new features in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1080
54478
c0b7b601058f Fix help key bindings.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 52979
diff changeset
1081 To find out what has changed in recent versions, type @kbd{C-h C-n}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1082 (@kbd{M-x view-emacs-news}). The oldest changes are at the bottom of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1083 the file, so you might want to read it starting there, rather than at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1084 the top.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1085
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1086 The differences between Emacs versions 18 and 19 was rather dramatic;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1087 the introduction of frames, faces, and colors on windowing systems was
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1088 obvious to even the most casual user.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1089
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1090 There are differences between Emacs versions 19 and 20 as well, but many
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1091 are more subtle or harder to find. Among the changes are the inclusion
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1092 of MULE code for languages that use non-Latin characters and for mixing
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1093 several languages in the same document; the ``Customize'' facility for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1094 modifying variables without having to use Lisp; and automatic conversion
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1095 of files from Macintosh, Microsoft, and Unix platforms.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1096
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1097 A number of older Lisp packages, such as Gnus, Supercite and the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1098 calendar/diary, have been updated and enhanced to work with Emacs 20,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1099 and are now included with the standard distribution.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1100
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1101
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1102 @node New in Emacs 21, New in Emacs 22, New in Emacs 20, Status of Emacs
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1103 @section What is different about Emacs 21?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1104 @cindex Differences between Emacs 20 and Emacs 21
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1105 @cindex Emacs 21, new features in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1106 @cindex Recently introduced features
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1107
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1108 @cindex Variable-size fonts
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1109 @cindex Toolbar support
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1110 Emacs 21 features a thorough rewrite of the display engine. The new
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1111 display engine supports variable-size fonts, images, and can play sounds
46918
82d113655734 Minor spelling and grammar corrections.
Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>
parents: 46655
diff changeset
1112 on platforms which support that. As a result, the visual appearance of
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1113 Emacs, when it runs on a windowed display, is much more reminiscent of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1114 modern GUI programs, and includes 3D widgets (used for the mode line and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1115 the scroll bars), a configurable and extensible toolbar, tooltips
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1116 (a.k.a.@: balloon help), and other niceties.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1117
36842
654b53bab583 Change "character terminal" to "text-only terminal".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36515
diff changeset
1118 @cindex Colors on text-only terminals
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1119 @cindex TTY colors
36842
654b53bab583 Change "character terminal" to "text-only terminal".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36515
diff changeset
1120 In addition, Emacs 21 supports faces on text-only terminals. This means
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1121 that you can now have colors when you run Emacs on a GNU/Linux console
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1122 and on @code{xterm} with @kbd{emacs -nw}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1123
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1124 @node New in Emacs 22, , New in Emacs 21, Status of Emacs
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1125 @section What is different about Emacs 22?
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1126 @cindex Differences between Emacs 21 and Emacs 22
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1127 @cindex Emacs 22, new features in
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1128 @cindex Recently introduced features
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1129
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1130 @c FIXME: Improve this node before the 22.1 release.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1131 @cindex Default features
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1132 Font-lock mode, auto-compression mode, and file name shadow mode are now
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1133 enabled by default. It is now possible to follow links with
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1134 @kbd{mouse-1}.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1135
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1136 @cindex Supported systems
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1137 Emacs 22 features support for GNU/Linux systems on S390 and X86-64
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1138 machines, as well as support for the Mac OS X and Cygwin operating
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1139 systems.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1140
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1141 @cindex GTK+ Toolkit
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1142 @cindex Drag-and-drop
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1143 @cindex Mouse wheel
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1144 Emacs can now be built with GTK+ widgets, and supports drag-and-drop
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1145 operation on X. Mouse wheel support is now enabled by default.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1146
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1147 @cindex New modes
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1148 Many new modes and packages have been included in Emacs, such as Leim,
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1149 Calc, Tramp and URL, as well as IDO, CUA, rcirc, conf-mode,
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1150 python-mode, table, tumme, SES, ruler, Flymake, Org, etc.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1151
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1152 @cindex Documentation
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1153 @cindex Emacs Lisp Manual
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1154 In addition, Emacs 22 now includes the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1155 (@pxref{Emacs Lisp documentation}) and the Emacs Lisp Intro.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1156
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1157 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1158 @node Common requests, Bugs and problems, Status of Emacs, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1159 @chapter Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1160 @cindex Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1161
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1162 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1163 * Setting up a customization file::
67892
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1164 * Using Customize::
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1165 * Debugging a customization file::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1166 * Colors on a TTY::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1167 * Displaying the current line or column::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1168 * Displaying the current file name in the titlebar::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1169 * Turning on abbrevs by default::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1170 * Turning on auto-fill by default::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1171 * Associating modes with files::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1172 * Working with unprintable characters::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1173 * Highlighting a region::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1174 * Controlling case sensitivity::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1175 * Wrapping words automatically::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1176 * Spell-checkers::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1177 * Checking TeX and *roff documents::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1178 * Changing load-path::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1179 * Using an already running Emacs process::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1180 * Compiler error messages::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1181 * Indenting switch statements::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1182 * Customizing C and C++ indentation::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1183 * Horizontal scrolling::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1184 * Overwrite mode::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1185 * Turning off beeping::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1186 * Turning the volume down::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1187 * Automatic indentation::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1188 * Matching parentheses::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1189 * Hiding #ifdef lines::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1190 * Repeating commands::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1191 * Valid X resources::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1192 * Evaluating Emacs Lisp code::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1193 * Changing the length of a Tab::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1194 * Inserting > at the beginning of each line::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1195 * Underlining paragraphs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1196 * Repeating a command as many times as possible::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1197 * Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1198 * Forcing Emacs to iconify itself::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1199 * Using regular expressions::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1200 * Replacing text across multiple files::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1201 * Documentation for etags::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1202 * Disabling backups::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1203 * Disabling auto-save-mode::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1204 * Going to a line by number::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1205 * Modifying pull-down menus::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1206 * Deleting menus and menu options::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1207 * Turning on syntax highlighting::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1208 * Scrolling only one line::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1209 * Replacing highlighted text::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1210 * Editing MS-DOS files::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1211 * Filling paragraphs with a single space::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1212 * Escape sequences in shell output::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1213 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1214
67892
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1215 @node Setting up a customization file, Using Customize, Common requests, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1216 @section How do I set up a @file{.emacs} file properly?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1217 @cindex @file{.emacs} file, setting up
50791
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
1218 @cindex @file{.emacs} file, locating
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1219 @cindex Init file, setting up
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1220 @cindex Customization file, setting up
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1221
50475
b65aa1d740eb Fix cross references.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 49429
diff changeset
1222 @inforef{Init File, Init File, emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1223
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1224 In general, new Emacs users should not have @file{.emacs} files, because
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1225 it causes confusing non-standard behavior. Then they send questions to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1226 @email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} asking why Emacs isn't behaving as
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1227 documented.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1228
67892
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1229 Beginning with version 20.1, Emacs includes the new Customize facility
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1230 (@pxref{Using Customize}). This allows users who are unfamiliar with
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1231 Emacs Lisp to modify their @file{.emacs} files in a relatively
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1232 straightforward way, using menus rather than Lisp code. Most packages
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1233 support Customize as of this writing.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1234
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1235 While Customize might indeed make it easier to configure Emacs,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1236 consider taking a bit of time to learn Emacs Lisp and modifying your
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1237 @file{.emacs} directly. Simple configuration options are described
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1238 rather completely in @inforef{Init File, Init File, emacs}, for users
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1239 interested in performing frequently requested, basic tasks.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1240
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1241 Sometimes users are unsure as to where their @file{.emacs} file should
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1242 be found. Visiting the file as @file{~/.emacs} from Emacs will find
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1243 the correct file.
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1244
67892
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1245 @node Using Customize, Colors on a TTY, Setting up a customization file, Common requests
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1246 @section How do I start using Customize?
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1247 @cindex Customize groups
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1248 @cindex Customizing variables
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1249 @cindex Customizing faces
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1250
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1251 The main Customize entry point is @kbd{M-x customize @key{RET}}. This
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1252 command takes you to a buffer listing all the available Customize
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1253 groups. From there, you can access all customizable options and faces,
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1254 change their values, and save your changes to your init file.
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1255 @inforef{Easy Customization, Easy Customization, emacs}.
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1256
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1257 If you know the name of the group in advance (e.g. ``shell''), use
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1258 @kbd{M-x customize-group @key{RET}}.
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1259
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1260 If you wish to customize a single option, use @kbd{M-x customize-option
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1261 @key{RET}}. This command prompts you for the name of the option to
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1262 customize, with completion.
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1263
e188efbb47ee (Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67691
diff changeset
1264 @node Colors on a TTY, Debugging a customization file, Using Customize, Common requests
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1265 @section How do I get colors and syntax highlighting on a TTY?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1266 @cindex Colors on a TTY
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1267 @cindex Syntax highlighting on a TTY
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1268 @cindex Console, colors
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1269
43960
397a4490dc38 Fix some URLs, the Copyright years, and the Emacs version.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 42674
diff changeset
1270 In Emacs 21.1 and later, colors and faces are supported in non-windowed mode,
36842
654b53bab583 Change "character terminal" to "text-only terminal".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36515
diff changeset
1271 i.e.@: on Unix and GNU/Linux text-only terminals and consoles, and when
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1272 invoked as @samp{emacs -nw} on X and MS-Windows. (Colors and faces were
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1273 supported in the MS-DOS port since Emacs 19.29.) Emacs automatically
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1274 detects color support at startup and uses it if available. If you think
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1275 that your terminal supports colors, but Emacs won't use them, check the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1276 @code{termcap} entry for your display type for color-related
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1277 capabilities.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1278
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1279 The command @kbd{M-x list-colors-display} pops up a window which
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1280 exhibits all the colors Emacs knows about on the current display.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1281
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1282 Syntax highlighting is on by default since version 22.1.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1283
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1284 @node Debugging a customization file, Displaying the current line or column, Colors on a TTY, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1285 @section How do I debug a @file{.emacs} file?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1286 @cindex Debugging @file{.emacs} file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1287 @cindex @file{.emacs} debugging
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1288 @cindex Init file debugging
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1289 @cindex @samp{-debug-init} option
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1290
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1291 Start Emacs with the @samp{-debug-init} command-line option. This
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1292 enables the Emacs Lisp debugger before evaluating your @file{.emacs}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1293 file, and places you in the debugger if something goes wrong. The top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1294 line in the @file{trace-back} buffer will be the error message, and the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1295 second or third line of that buffer will display the Lisp code from your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1296 @file{.emacs} file that caused the problem.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1297
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1298 You can also evaluate an individual function or argument to a function
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1299 in your @file{.emacs} file by moving the cursor to the end of the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1300 function or argument and typing @kbd{C-x C-e} (@kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1301 eval-last-sexp}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1302
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1303 Use @kbd{C-h v} (@kbd{M-x describe-variable}) to check the value of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1304 variables which you are trying to set or use.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1305
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1306 @node Displaying the current line or column, Displaying the current file name in the titlebar, Debugging a customization file, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1307 @section How do I make Emacs display the current line (or column) number?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1308 @cindex @code{line-number-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1309 @cindex Displaying the current line or column
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1310 @cindex Line number, displaying the current
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1311 @cindex Column, displaying the current
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1312 @cindex @code{mode-line-format}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1313
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1314 To have Emacs automatically display the current line number of the point
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1315 in the mode line, do @kbd{M-x line-number-mode}. You can also put the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1316 form
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1317
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1318 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1319 (setq line-number-mode t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1320 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1321
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1322 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1323 in your @file{.emacs} file to achieve this whenever you start Emacs.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1324 (Line number display is on by default, unless your site-specific
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1325 initialization disables it.) Note that Emacs will not display the line
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1326 number if the buffer's size in bytes is larger than the value of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1327 variable @code{line-number-display-limit}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1328
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1329 As of Emacs 20, you can similarly display the current column with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1330 @kbd{M-x column-number-mode}, or by putting the form
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1331
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1332 @lisp
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1333 (setq column-number-mode t)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1334 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1335
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1336 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1337 in your @file{.emacs} file.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1338
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1339 The @code{"%c"} format specifier in the variable @code{mode-line-format}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1340 will insert the current column's value into the mode line. See the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1341 documentation for @code{mode-line-format} (using @kbd{C-h v
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1342 mode-line-format @key{RET}}) for more information on how to set and use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1343 this variable.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1344
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1345 Users of all Emacs versions can display the current column using the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1346 @samp{column} package written by @email{abraham@@dina.kvl.dk, Per
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1347 Abrahamsen}. @xref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}, for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1348 instructions on how to get it.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1349
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1350 @cindex Set number capability in @code{vi} emulators
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1351 None of the @code{vi} emulation modes provide the ``set number''
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1352 capability of @code{vi} (as far as we know). The @samp{setnu} package
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1353 written by @email{kyle@@wonderworks.com, Kyle Jones} provides this
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1354 feature. So too does @samp{wb-line-number}, written by
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1355 @email{naoki.y.nakamura@@nifty.com, Naoki Nakamura}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1356
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1357 @node Displaying the current file name in the titlebar, Turning on abbrevs by default, Displaying the current line or column, Common requests
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1358 @section How can I modify the titlebar to contain the current file name?
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1359 @cindex Titlebar, displaying the current file name in
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1360 @cindex File name, displaying in the titlebar
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1361 @cindex @code{frame-title-format}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1362
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1363 The contents of an Emacs frame's titlebar is controlled by the variable
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1364 @code{frame-title-format}, which has the same structure as the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1365 @code{mode-line-format}. (Use @kbd{C-h v} or @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1366 describe-variable} to get information about one or both of these
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1367 variables.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1368
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1369 By default, the titlebar for a frame does contain the name of the buffer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1370 currently being visited, except if there is a single frame. In such a
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1371 case, the titlebar contains Emacs invocation name and the name of the
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1372 machine at which Emacs was invoked. This is done by setting
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1373 @code{frame-title-format} to the default value of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1374
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1375 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1376 (multiple-frames "%b" ("" invocation-name "@@" system-name))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1377 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1378
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1379 To modify the behavior such that frame titlebars contain the buffer's
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1380 name regardless of the number of existing frames, include the following
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1381 in your @file{.emacs}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1382
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1383 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1384 (setq frame-title-format "%b")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1385 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1386
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1387 @node Turning on abbrevs by default, Turning on auto-fill by default, Displaying the current file name in the titlebar, Common requests
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1388 @section How do I turn on abbrevs by default just in mode @var{mymode}?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1389 @cindex Abbrevs, turning on by default
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1390
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1391 Put this in your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1392
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1393 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1394 (condition-case ()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1395 (quietly-read-abbrev-file)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1396 (file-error nil))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1397
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1398 (add-hook '@var{mymode}-mode-hook
28344
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
1399 (lambda ()
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
1400 (setq abbrev-mode t)))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1401 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1402
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1403 Starting with Emacs 22, the standard abbrevs file is read automatically
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1404 at startup, so the first of these two forms becomes unnecessary.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1405
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1406 @node Turning on auto-fill by default, Associating modes with files, Turning on abbrevs by default, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1407 @section How do I turn on @code{auto-fill-mode} by default?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1408 @cindex @code{auto-fill-mode}, activating automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1409 @cindex Filling automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1410 @cindex Automatic entry to @code{auto-fill-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1411
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1412 To turn on @code{auto-fill-mode} just once for one buffer, use @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1413 auto-fill-mode}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1414
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1415 To turn it on for every buffer in a certain mode, you must use the hook
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1416 for that mode. For example, to turn on @code{auto-fill} mode for all
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1417 text buffers, including the following in your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1418
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1419 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1420 (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-auto-fill)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1421 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1422
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1423 If you want @code{auto-fill} mode on in all major modes, do this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1424
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1425 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1426 (setq-default auto-fill-function 'do-auto-fill)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1427 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1428
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1429 @node Associating modes with files, Working with unprintable characters, Turning on auto-fill by default, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1430 @section How do I make Emacs use a certain major mode for certain files?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1431 @cindex Associating modes with files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1432 @cindex File extensions and modes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1433 @cindex @code{auto-mode-alist}, modifying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1434 @cindex Modes, associating with file extensions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1435
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1436 If you want to use a certain mode @var{foo} for all files whose names end
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1437 with the extension @file{.@var{bar}}, this will do it for you:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1438
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1439 @lisp
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1440 (setq auto-mode-alist (cons '("\\.@var{bar}\\'" . @var{foo}-mode) auto-mode-alist))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1441 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1442
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1443 Otherwise put this somewhere in the first line of any file you want to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1444 edit in the mode @var{foo} (in the second line, if the first line begins
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1445 with @samp{#!}):
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1446
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1447 @example
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1448 -*- @var{foo} -*-
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1449 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1450
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1451 @cindex Major mode for shell scripts
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1452 Beginning with Emacs 19, the variable @code{interpreter-mode-alist}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1453 specifies which mode to use when loading a shell script. (Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1454 determines which interpreter you're using by examining the first line of
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1455 the script.) This feature only applies when the file name doesn't
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1456 indicate which mode to use. Use @kbd{C-h v} (or @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1457 describe-variable}) on @code{interpreter-mode-alist} to learn more.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1458
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1459 @node Working with unprintable characters, Highlighting a region, Associating modes with files, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1460 @section How do I search for, delete, or replace unprintable (eight-bit or control) characters?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1461 @cindex Unprintable characters, working with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1462 @cindex Working with unprintable characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1463 @cindex Control characters, working with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1464 @cindex Eight-bit characters, working with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1465 @cindex Searching for unprintable characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1466 @cindex Regexps and unprintable characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1467
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1468 To search for a single character that appears in the buffer as, for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1469 example, @samp{\237}, you can type @kbd{C-s C-q 2 3 7}. (This assumes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1470 the value of @code{search-quote-char} is 17 (i.e., @kbd{C-q}).)
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1471 Searching for @strong{all} unprintable characters is best done with a
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1472 regular expression (@dfn{regexp}) search. The easiest regexp to use for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1473 the unprintable chars is the complement of the regexp for the printable
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1474 chars.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1475
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1476 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1477
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1478 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1479 Regexp for the printable chars: @samp{[\t\n\r\f -~]}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1480
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1481 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1482 Regexp for the unprintable chars: @samp{[^\t\n\r\f -~]}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1483
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1484 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1485
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1486 To type these special characters in an interactive argument to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1487 @code{isearch-forward-regexp} or @code{re-search-forward}, you need to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1488 use @kbd{C-q}. (@samp{\t}, @samp{\n}, @samp{\r}, and @samp{\f} stand
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1489 respectively for @key{TAB}, @key{LFD}, @key{RET}, and @kbd{C-l}.) So,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1490 to search for unprintable characters using @code{re-search-forward}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1491
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1492 @kbd{M-x re-search-forward @key{RET} [^ @key{TAB} C-q @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~] @key{RET}}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1493
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1494 Using @code{isearch-forward-regexp}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1495
40705
421e0a91a1d1 Replace M-C- with C-M-
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40014
diff changeset
1496 @kbd{C-M-s [^ @key{TAB} @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~]}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1497
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1498 To delete all unprintable characters, simply use replace-regexp:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1499
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1500 @kbd{M-x replace-regexp @key{RET} [^ @key{TAB} C-q @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~] @key{RET} @key{RET}}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1501
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1502 Replacing is similar to the above. To replace all unprintable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1503 characters with a colon, use:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1504
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1505 M-x replace-regexp @key{RET} [^ @key{TAB} C-q @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~] @key{RET} : @key{RET}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1506
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1507 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1508
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1509 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1510 You don't need to quote @key{TAB} with either isearch or typing
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1511 something in the minibuffer.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1512
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1513 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1514
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1515 @node Highlighting a region, Controlling case sensitivity, Working with unprintable characters, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1516 @section How can I highlight a region of text in Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1517 @cindex Highlighting text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1518 @cindex Text, highlighting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1519 @cindex @code{transient-mark-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1520 @cindex Region, highlighting a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1521
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1522 You can cause the region to be highlighted when the mark is active by
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1523 including
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1524
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1525 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1526 (transient-mark-mode t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1527 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1528
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1529 @noindent
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1530 in your @file{.emacs} file. (Also see @ref{Turning on syntax
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1531 highlighting}.)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1532
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1533 @node Controlling case sensitivity, Wrapping words automatically, Highlighting a region, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1534 @section How do I control Emacs's case-sensitivity when searching/replacing?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1535 @cindex @code{case-fold-search}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1536 @cindex Case sensitivity of searches
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1537 @cindex Searching without case sensitivity
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1538 @cindex Ignoring case in searches
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1539
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1540 For searching, the value of the variable @code{case-fold-search}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1541 determines whether they are case sensitive:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1542
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1543 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1544 (setq case-fold-search nil) ; make searches case sensitive
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1545 (setq case-fold-search t) ; make searches case insensitive
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1546 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1547
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1548 @cindex Case sensitivity in replacements
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1549 @cindex Replacing, and case sensitivity
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1550 @cindex @code{case-replace}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1551 Similarly, for replacing, the variable @code{case-replace} determines
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1552 whether replacements preserve case.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1553
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1554 You can also toggle case sensitivity at will in isearch with @kbd{M-c}.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1555
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1556 To change the case sensitivity just for one major mode, use the major
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1557 mode's hook. For example:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1558
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1559 @lisp
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1560 (add-hook '@var{foo}-mode-hook
28344
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
1561 (lambda ()
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
1562 (setq case-fold-search nil)))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1563 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1564
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1565 @node Wrapping words automatically, Spell-checkers, Controlling case sensitivity, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1566 @section How do I make Emacs wrap words for me?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1567 @cindex Wrapping word automatically
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1568 @cindex Wrapping lines
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1569 @cindex Line wrap
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1570 @cindex @code{auto-fill-mode}, introduction to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1571 @cindex Maximum line width, default value
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1572 @cindex @code{fill-column}, default value
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1573
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1574 Use @code{auto-fill-mode}, activated by typing @kbd{M-x auto-fill-mode}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1575 The default maximum line width is 70, determined by the variable
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1576 @code{fill-column}. To learn how to turn this on automatically, see
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1577 @ref{Turning on auto-fill by default}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1578
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1579 @node Spell-checkers, Checking TeX and *roff documents, Wrapping words automatically, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1580 @section Where can I get a better spelling checker for Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1581 @cindex Checking spelling
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1582 @cindex Spelling, checking text documents
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1583
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1584 Use Ispell. @xref{Ispell}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1585
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1586 @node Checking TeX and *roff documents, Changing load-path, Spell-checkers, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1587 @section How can I spell-check @TeX{} or *roff documents?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1588 @cindex Spelling, checking @TeX{} documents
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1589 @cindex @TeX{} documents, checking spelling in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1590
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1591 Use Ispell. Ispell can handle @TeX{} and *roff documents.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1592 @xref{Ispell}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1593
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1594 @node Changing load-path, Using an already running Emacs process, Checking TeX and *roff documents, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1595 @section How do I change @code{load-path}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1596 @cindex @code{load-path}, modifying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1597 @cindex Modifying @code{load-path}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1598 @cindex Adding to @code{load-path}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1599
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1600 In general, you should only add to the @code{load-path}. You can add
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1601 directory @var{/dir/subdir} to the load path like this:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1602
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1603 @lisp
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1604 (setq load-path (cons "/dir/subdir/" load-path))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1605 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1606
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1607 To do this relative to your home directory:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1608
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1609 @lisp
59402
7497bd0e03ee (Changing load-path): Fix typo.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56833
diff changeset
1610 (setq load-path (cons "~/mysubdir/" load-path))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1611 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1612
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1613 @node Using an already running Emacs process, Compiler error messages, Changing load-path, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1614 @section How do I use an already running Emacs from another window?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1615 @cindex @code{emacsclient}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1616 @cindex Emacs server functions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1617 @cindex Using an existing Emacs process
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1618
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1619 @code{emacsclient}, which comes with Emacs, is for editing a file using
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1620 an already running Emacs rather than starting up a new Emacs. It does
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1621 this by sending a request to the already running Emacs, which must be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1622 expecting the request.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1623
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1624 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1625
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1626 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1627 Setup:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1628
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1629 Emacs must have executed the @code{server-start} function for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1630 @samp{emacsclient} to work. This can be done either by a command line
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1631 option:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1632
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1633 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1634 emacs -f server-start
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1635 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1636
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1637 or by invoking @code{server-start} from @file{.emacs}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1638
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1639 @lisp
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1640 (if (@var{some conditions are met}) (server-start))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1641 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1642
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1643 When this is done, Emacs creates a Unix domain socket named
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1644 @file{server} in @file{/tmp/emacs@var{userid}}. See
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1645 @code{server-socket-dir}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1646
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1647 To get your news reader, mail reader, etc., to invoke
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1648 @samp{emacsclient}, try setting the environment variable @code{EDITOR}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1649 (or sometimes @code{VISUAL}) to the value @samp{emacsclient}. You may
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1650 have to specify the full pathname of the @samp{emacsclient} program
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1651 instead. Examples:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1652
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1653 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1654 # csh commands:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1655 setenv EDITOR emacsclient
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1656
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1657 # using full pathname
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1658 setenv EDITOR /usr/local/emacs/etc/emacsclient
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1659
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1660 # sh command:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1661 EDITOR=emacsclient ; export EDITOR
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1662 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1663
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1664 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1665 Normal use:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1666
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1667 When @samp{emacsclient} is run, it connects to the socket and passes its
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1668 command line options to Emacs, which at the next opportunity will visit
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1669 the files specified. (Line numbers can be specified just like with
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1670 Emacs.) The user will have to switch to the Emacs window by hand. When
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1671 the user is done editing a file, the user can type @kbd{C-x #} (or
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1672 @kbd{M-x server-edit}) to indicate this. If there is another buffer
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1673 requested by @code{emacsclient}, Emacs will switch to it; otherwise
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1674 @code{emacsclient} will exit, signaling the calling program to continue.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1675
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1676 @cindex @code{gnuserv}
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1677 There is an enhanced version of @samp{emacsclient} called
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1678 @samp{gnuserv}, written by @email{ange@@hplb.hpl.hp.com, Andy Norman}
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1679 (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). @samp{gnuserv} uses
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1680 Internet domain sockets, so it can work across most network connections.
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1681
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1682 The most recent @samp{gnuserv} package is available at
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1683
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1684 @uref{http://meltin.net/hacks/emacs/}
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1685
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1686 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1687
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1688 @node Compiler error messages, Indenting switch statements, Using an already running Emacs process, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1689 @section How do I make Emacs recognize my compiler's funny error messages?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1690 @cindex Compiler error messages, recognizing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1691 @cindex Recognizing non-standard compiler errors
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1692 @cindex Regexps for recognizing compiler errors
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1693 @cindex Errors, recognizing compiler
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1694
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1695 Customize the @code{compilation-error-regexp-alist} variable.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1696
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1697 @node Indenting switch statements, Customizing C and C++ indentation, Compiler error messages, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1698 @section How do I change the indentation for @code{switch}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1699 @cindex @code{switch}, indenting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1700 @cindex Indenting of @code{switch}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1701
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1702 Many people want to indent their @code{switch} statements like this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1703
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1704 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1705 f()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1706 @{
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1707 switch(x) @{
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1708 case A:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1709 x1;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1710 break;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1711 case B:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1712 x2;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1713 break;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1714 default:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1715 x3;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1716 @}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1717 @}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1718 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1719
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1720 The solution at first appears to be: set @code{c-indent-level} to 4 and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1721 @code{c-label-offset} to -2. However, this will give you an indentation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1722 spacing of four instead of two.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1723
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1724 The @emph{real} solution is to use @code{cc-mode} (the default mode for
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1725 C programming in Emacs 20 and later) and add the following line to your
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1726 @file{.emacs}:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1727
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1728 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1729 (c-set-offset 'case-label '+)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1730 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1731
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1732 There appears to be no way to do this with the old @code{c-mode}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1733
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1734 @node Customizing C and C++ indentation, Horizontal scrolling, Indenting switch statements, Common requests
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1735 @section How to customize indentation in C, C@t{++}, and Java buffers?
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1736 @cindex Indentation, how to customize
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1737 @cindex Customize indentation
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1738
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1739 The Emacs @code{cc-mode} features an interactive procedure for
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1740 customizing the indentation style, which is fully explained in the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1741 @cite{CC Mode} manual that is part of the Emacs distribution, see
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1742 @ref{Customizing Indentation, , Customization Indentation, ccmode,
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1743 The CC Mode Manual}. Here's a short summary of the procedure:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1744
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1745 @enumerate
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1746 @item
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1747 Go to the beginning of the first line where you don't like the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1748 indentation and type @kbd{C-c C-o}. Emacs will prompt you for the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1749 syntactic symbol; type @key{RET} to accept the default it suggests.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1750
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1751 @item
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1752 Emacs now prompts for the offset of this syntactic symbol, showing the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1753 default (the current definition) inside parentheses. You can choose
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1754 one of these:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1755
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1756 @table @code
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1757 @item 0
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1758 No extra indentation.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1759 @item +
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1760 Indent one basic offset.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1761 @item -
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1762 Outdent one basic offset.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1763 @item ++
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1764 Indent two basic offsets
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1765 @item --
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1766 Outdent two basic offsets.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1767 @item *
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1768 Indent half basic offset.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1769 @item /
37079
dc7cb733ffc7 Fix a typo in the last change.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36977
diff changeset
1770 Outdent half basic offset.
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1771 @end table
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1772
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1773 @item
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1774 After choosing one of these symbols, type @kbd{C-c C-q} to reindent
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1775 the line or the block according to what you just specified.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1776
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1777 @item
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1778 If you don't like the result, go back to step 1. Otherwise, add the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1779 following line to your @file{.emacs}:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1780
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1781 @lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1782 (c-set-offset '@var{syntactic-symbol} @var{offset})
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1783 @end lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1784
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1785 @noindent
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1786 where @var{syntactic-symbol} is the name Emacs shows in the minibuffer
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1787 when you type @kbd{C-c C-o} at the beginning of the line, and
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1788 @var{offset} is one of the indentation symbols listed above (@code{+},
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1789 @code{/}, @code{0}, etc.) that you've chosen during the interactive
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1790 procedure.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1791
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1792 @item
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1793 Go to the next line whose indentation is not to your liking and repeat
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1794 the process there.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1795 @end enumerate
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1796
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1797 It is recommended to put all the resulting @code{(c-set-offset ...)}
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1798 customizations inside a C mode hook, like this:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1799
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1800 @lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1801 (defun my-c-mode-hook ()
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1802 (c-set-offset ...)
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1803 (c-set-offset ...))
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1804 (add-hook 'c-mode-hook 'my-c-mode-hook)
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1805 @end lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1806
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1807 @noindent
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1808 Using @code{c-mode-hook} avoids the need to put a @w{@code{(require
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1809 'cc-mode)}} into your @file{.emacs} file, because @code{c-set-offset}
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1810 might be unavailable when @code{cc-mode} is not loaded.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1811
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1812 Note that @code{c-mode-hook} runs for C source files only; use
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1813 @code{c++-mode-hook} for C@t{++} sources, @code{java-mode-hook} for
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1814 Java sources, etc. If you want the same customizations to be in
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1815 effect in @emph{all} languages supported by @code{cc-mode}, use
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1816 @code{c-mode-common-hook}.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1817
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1818 @node Horizontal scrolling, Overwrite mode, Customizing C and C++ indentation, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1819 @section How can I make Emacs automatically scroll horizontally?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1820 @cindex @code{hscroll-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1821 @cindex Horizontal scrolling
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1822 @cindex Scrolling horizontally
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1823
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1824 In Emacs 21 and later, this is on by default: if the variable
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1825 @code{truncate-lines} is non-@code{nil} in the current buffer, Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1826 automatically scrolls the display horizontally when point moves off the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1827 left or right edge of the window.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1828
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1829 In Emacs 20, use the @code{hscroll-mode}. Here is some information from
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1830 the documentation, available by typing @kbd{C-h f hscroll-mode @key{RET}}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1831
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1832 Automatically scroll horizontally when the point moves off the
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1833 left or right edge of the window.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1834
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1835 @itemize @minus
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1836 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1837 Type @kbd{M-x hscroll-mode} to enable it in the current buffer.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1838
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1839 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1840 Type @kbd{M-x hscroll-global-mode} to enable it in every buffer.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1841
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1842 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1843 @code{turn-on-hscroll} is useful in mode hooks as in:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1844
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1845 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1846 (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-hscroll)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1847 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1848
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1849 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1850 @code{hscroll-margin} controls how close the cursor can get to the
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1851 edge of the window.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1852
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1853 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1854 @code{hscroll-step-percent} controls how far to jump once we decide to do so.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1855 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1856
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1857 @node Overwrite mode, Turning off beeping, Horizontal scrolling, Common requests
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
1858 @section How do I make Emacs ``typeover'' or ``overwrite'' instead of inserting?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1859 @cindex @key{Insert}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1860 @cindex @code{overwrite-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1861 @cindex Overwriting existing text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1862 @cindex Toggling @code{overwrite-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1863
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1864 @kbd{M-x overwrite-mode} (a minor mode). This toggles
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1865 @code{overwrite-mode} on and off, so exiting from @code{overwrite-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1866 is as easy as another @kbd{M-x overwrite-mode}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1867
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1868 On some systems, @key{Insert} toggles @code{overwrite-mode} on and off.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1869
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1870 @node Turning off beeping, Turning the volume down, Overwrite mode, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1871 @section How do I stop Emacs from beeping on a terminal?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1872 @cindex Beeping, turning off
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1873 @cindex Visible bell
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1874 @cindex Bell, visible
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1875
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1876 @email{martin@@cc.gatech.edu, Martin R. Frank} writes:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1877
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1878 Tell Emacs to use the @dfn{visible bell} instead of the audible bell,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1879 and set the visible bell to nothing.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1880
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1881 That is, put the following in your @code{TERMCAP} environment variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1882 (assuming you have one):
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1883
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1884 @example
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1885 ... :vb=: ...
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1886 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1887
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1888 And evaluate the following Lisp form:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1889
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1890 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1891 (setq visible-bell t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1892 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1893
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1894 @node Turning the volume down, Automatic indentation, Turning off beeping, Common requests
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
1895 @section How do I turn down the bell volume in Emacs running under X?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1896 @cindex Bell, volume of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1897 @cindex Volume of bell
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1898
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1899 On X Window system, you can adjust the bell volume and duration for all
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1900 programs with the shell command @code{xset}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1901
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1902 Invoking @code{xset} without any arguments produces some basic
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1903 information, including the following:
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diff changeset
1904
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diff changeset
1905 @example
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parents:
diff changeset
1906 usage: xset [-display host:dpy] option ...
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parents:
diff changeset
1907 To turn bell off:
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parents:
diff changeset
1908 -b b off b 0
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parents:
diff changeset
1909 To set bell volume, pitch and duration:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1910 b [vol [pitch [dur]]] b on
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parents:
diff changeset
1911 @end example
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parents:
diff changeset
1912
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parents:
diff changeset
1913 @node Automatic indentation, Matching parentheses, Turning the volume down, Common requests
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parents:
diff changeset
1914 @section How do I tell Emacs to automatically indent a new line to the indentation of the previous line?
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1915 @cindex Indenting new lines
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1916 @cindex New lines, indenting of
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1917 @cindex Previous line, indenting according to
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1918 @cindex Text indentation
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1919
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1920 Such behavior is automatic in Emacs 20 and later. From the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
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parents: 34151
diff changeset
1921 @file{etc/NEWS} file for Emacs 20.2:
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diff changeset
1922
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1923 @example
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parents:
diff changeset
1924 ** In Text mode, now only blank lines separate paragraphs. This makes
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parents:
diff changeset
1925 it possible to get the full benefit of Adaptive Fill mode in Text mode,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1926 and other modes derived from it (such as Mail mode). @key{TAB} in Text
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1927 mode now runs the command @code{indent-relative}; this makes a practical
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1928 difference only when you use indented paragraphs.
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parents:
diff changeset
1929
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parents:
diff changeset
1930 As a result, the old Indented Text mode is now identical to Text mode,
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parents:
diff changeset
1931 and is an alias for it.
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1932
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diff changeset
1933 If you want spaces at the beginning of a line to start a paragraph, use
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parents:
diff changeset
1934 the new mode, Paragraph Indent Text mode.
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parents:
diff changeset
1935 @end example
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parents:
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1936
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parents: 34151
diff changeset
1937 @cindex Prefixing lines
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1938 @cindex Fill prefix
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1939 If you have @code{auto-fill-mode} turned on (@pxref{Turning on auto-fill
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1940 by default}), you can tell Emacs to prefix every line with a certain
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1941 character sequence, the @dfn{fill prefix}. Type the prefix at the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1942 beginning of a line, position point after it, and then type @kbd{C-x .}
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diff changeset
1943 (@code{set-fill-prefix}) to set the fill prefix. Thereafter,
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parents:
diff changeset
1944 auto-filling will automatically put the fill prefix at the beginning of
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1945 new lines, and @kbd{M-q} (@code{fill-paragraph}) will maintain any fill
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1946 prefix when refilling the paragraph.
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1947
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parents:
diff changeset
1948 If you have paragraphs with different levels of indentation, you will
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1949 have to set the fill prefix to the correct value each time you move to a
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1950 new paragraph. There are many packages available to deal with this
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1951 (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). Look for ``fill'' and
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1952 ``indent'' keywords for guidance.
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parents:
diff changeset
1953
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parents:
diff changeset
1954 @node Matching parentheses, Hiding #ifdef lines, Automatic indentation, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1955 @section How do I show which parenthesis matches the one I'm looking at?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1956 @cindex Parentheses, matching
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1957 @cindex @file{paren.el}
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1958 @cindex Highlighting matching parentheses
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1959 @cindex Pairs of parentheses, highlighting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1960 @cindex Matching parentheses
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1961
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1962 Call @code{show-paren-mode} in your @file{.emacs} file:
25474
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parents:
diff changeset
1963
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parents:
diff changeset
1964 @lisp
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parents:
diff changeset
1965 (show-paren-mode 1)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1966 @end lisp
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parents:
diff changeset
1967
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1968 You can also enable this mode by selecting the @samp{Paren Match
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1969 Highlighting} option from the @samp{Options} menu of the Emacs menu bar
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1970 at the top of any Emacs frame.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1971
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
1972 Alternatives to this mode include:
25474
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parents:
diff changeset
1973
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parents:
diff changeset
1974 @itemize @bullet
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1975
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1976 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1977 If you're looking at a right parenthesis (or brace or bracket) you can
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1978 delete it and reinsert it. Emacs will momentarily move the cursor to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1979 the matching parenthesis.
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parents:
diff changeset
1980
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1981 @item
40705
421e0a91a1d1 Replace M-C- with C-M-
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40014
diff changeset
1982 @kbd{C-M-f} (@code{forward-sexp}) and @kbd{C-M-b} (@code{backward-sexp})
25474
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1983 will skip over one set of balanced parentheses, so you can see which
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1984 parentheses match. (You can train it to skip over balanced brackets
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1985 and braces at the same time by modifying the syntax table.)
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1986
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1987 @cindex Show matching paren as in @code{vi}
25474
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parents:
diff changeset
1988 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1989 Here is some Emacs Lisp that will make the @key{%} key show the matching
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1990 parenthesis, like in @code{vi}. In addition, if the cursor isn't over a
25474
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1991 parenthesis, it simply inserts a % like normal.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1992
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1993 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1994 ;; By an unknown contributor
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1995
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1996 (global-set-key "%" 'match-paren)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1997
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1998 (defun match-paren (arg)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1999 "Go to the matching paren if on a paren; otherwise insert %."
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2000 (interactive "p")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2001 (cond ((looking-at "\\s\(") (forward-list 1) (backward-char 1))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2002 ((looking-at "\\s\)") (forward-char 1) (backward-list 1))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2003 (t (self-insert-command (or arg 1)))))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2004 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2005
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2006 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2007
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2008 @node Hiding #ifdef lines, Repeating commands, Matching parentheses, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2009 @section In C mode, can I show just the lines that will be left after @code{#ifdef} commands are handled by the compiler?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2010 @cindex @code{#ifdef}, selective display of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2011 @cindex @code{hide-ifdef-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2012 @cindex Hiding @code{#ifdef} text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2013 @cindex Selectively displaying @code{#ifdef} code
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2014
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2015 @kbd{M-x hide-ifdef-mode}. (This is a minor mode.) You might also want
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
2016 to investigate @file{cpp.el}, which is distributed with Emacs.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2017
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2018 @node Repeating commands, Valid X resources, Hiding #ifdef lines, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2019 @section Is there an equivalent to the @code{.} (dot) command of vi?
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2020 @cindex Repeating commands as with @code{vi}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2021 @cindex Command, repeat last
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2022 @cindex @code{.}, equivalent to @code{vi} command
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2023
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2024 (@code{.} is the redo command in @code{vi}. It redoes the last
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2025 insertion/deletion.)
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2026
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2027 As of Emacs 20.3, there is indeed a @code{repeat} command (@kbd{C-x z})
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2028 that repeats the last command. If you preface it with a prefix
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2029 argument, the prefix arg is applied to the command.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2030
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2031 You can also type @kbd{C-x @key{ESC} @key{ESC}}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2032 (@code{repeat-complex-command}) to reinvoke commands that used the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2033 minibuffer to get arguments. In @code{repeat-complex-command} you can
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2034 type @kbd{M-p} and @kbd{M-n} (and also up-arrow and down-arrow, if your
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2035 keyboard has these keys) to scan through all the different complex
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2036 commands you've typed.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2037
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2038 To repeat a set of commands, use keyboard macros. (@inforef{Keyboard
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2039 Macros, Keyboard Macros, emacs}.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2040
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2041 If you're really desperate for the @code{.} command, use VIPER, a
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2042 @code{vi} emulation mode which comes with Emacs, and which appears to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2043 support it. (@xref{VIPER}.)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2044
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2045 @node Valid X resources, Evaluating Emacs Lisp code, Repeating commands, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2046 @section What are the valid X resource settings (i.e., stuff in .Xdefaults)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2047 @cindex Resources, X
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2048 @cindex X resources
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2049 @cindex Setting X resources
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2050
50475
b65aa1d740eb Fix cross references.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 49429
diff changeset
2051 @inforef{X Resources, X Resources, emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2052
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2053 You can also use a resource editor, such as editres (for X11R5 and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2054 onwards), to look at the resource names for the menu bar, assuming Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2055 was compiled with the X toolkit.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2056
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2057 @node Evaluating Emacs Lisp code, Changing the length of a Tab, Valid X resources, Common requests
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
2058 @section How do I execute (``evaluate'') a piece of Emacs Lisp code?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2059 @cindex Evaluating Lisp code
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2060 @cindex Lisp forms, evaluating
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2061
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2062 There are a number of ways to execute (@dfn{evaluate}, in Lisp lingo) an
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2063 Emacs Lisp @dfn{form}:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2064
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2065 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2066
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2067 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2068 If you want it evaluated every time you run Emacs, put it in a file
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2069 named @file{.emacs} in your home directory. This is known as ``your
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2070 @file{.emacs} file,'' and contains all of your personal customizations.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2071
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2072 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2073 You can type the form in the @file{*scratch*} buffer, and then type
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2074 @key{LFD} (or @kbd{C-j}) after it. The result of evaluating the form
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2075 will be inserted in the buffer.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2076
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2077 @item
40705
421e0a91a1d1 Replace M-C- with C-M-
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40014
diff changeset
2078 In @code{emacs-lisp-mode}, typing @kbd{C-M-x} evaluates a top-level form
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2079 before or around point.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2080
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2081 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2082 Typing @kbd{C-x C-e} in any buffer evaluates the Lisp form immediately
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2083 before point and prints its value in the echo area.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2084
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2085 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2086 Typing @kbd{M-:} or @kbd{M-x eval-expression} allows you to type a Lisp
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2087 form in the minibuffer which will be evaluated once you press @key{RET}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2088
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2089 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2090 You can use @kbd{M-x load-file} to have Emacs evaluate all the Lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2091 forms in a file. (To do this from Lisp use the function @code{load}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2092 instead.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2093
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2094 The functions @code{load-library}, @code{eval-region},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2095 @code{eval-current-buffer}, @code{require}, and @code{autoload} are also
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2096 useful; see @ref{Emacs Lisp documentation}, if you want to learn more
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2097 about them.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2098
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2099 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2100
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2101 @node Changing the length of a Tab, Inserting > at the beginning of each line, Evaluating Emacs Lisp code, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2102 @section How do I change Emacs's idea of the @key{TAB} character's length?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2103 @cindex Tab length
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2104 @cindex Length of tab character
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2105 @cindex @code{default-tab-width}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2106
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2107 Set the variable @code{default-tab-width}. For example, to set
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2108 @key{TAB} stops every 10 characters, insert the following in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2109 @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2110
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2111 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2112 (setq default-tab-width 10)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2113 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2114
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2115 Do not confuse variable @code{tab-width} with variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2116 @code{tab-stop-list}. The former is used for the display of literal
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2117 @key{TAB} characters. The latter controls what characters are inserted
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2118 when you press the @key{TAB} character in certain modes.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2119
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2120 @node Inserting > at the beginning of each line, Underlining paragraphs, Changing the length of a Tab, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2121 @section How do I insert @samp{>} at the beginning of every line?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2122 @cindex Prefix character, inserting in mail/news replies
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2123 @cindex Replies to mail/news, inserting a prefix character
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2124 @cindex @code{mail-yank-prefix}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2125 @cindex Mail replies, inserting a prefix character
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2126 @cindex News replies, inserting a prefix character
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2127
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2128 To do this to an entire buffer, type @kbd{M-< M-x replace-regexp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2129 @key{RET} ^ @key{RET} > @key{RET}}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2130
37447
0bc52782144f Adapt to the change of string-rectangle back to 20.x behaviour.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37079
diff changeset
2131 To do this to a region, use @code{string-insert-rectangle}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2132 Set the mark (@kbd{C-@key{SPC}}) at the beginning of the first line you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2133 want to prefix, move the cursor to last line to be prefixed, and type
37447
0bc52782144f Adapt to the change of string-rectangle back to 20.x behaviour.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37079
diff changeset
2134 @kbd{M-x string-insert-rectangle @key{RET}}. To do this for the whole
0bc52782144f Adapt to the change of string-rectangle back to 20.x behaviour.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37079
diff changeset
2135 buffer, type @kbd{C-x h M-x string-insert-rectangle @key{RET}}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2136
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2137 If you are trying to prefix a yanked mail message with @samp{>}, you
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2138 might want to set the variable @code{mail-yank-prefix}. Better yet, use
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2139 the Supercite package (@pxref{Supercite}), which provides flexible
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2140 citation for yanked mail and news messages; it is included in Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2141 since version 19.20. @xref{Changing the included text prefix}, for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2142 additional information.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2143
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2144 @node Underlining paragraphs, Repeating a command as many times as possible, Inserting > at the beginning of each line, Common requests
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
2145 @section How do I insert @samp{_^H} before each character in a region to get an underlined paragraph?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2146 @cindex Underlining a region of text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2147 @cindex @code{underline-region}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2148
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2149 Mark the region and then type @kbd{M-x underline-region @key{RET}}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2150
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2151 @node Repeating a command as many times as possible, Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column, Underlining paragraphs, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2152 @section How do I repeat a command as many times as possible?
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2153 @cindex Repeating commands many times
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2154 @cindex Commands, repeating many times
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2155
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2156 Use @kbd{C-x (} and @kbd{C-x )} to make a keyboard macro that invokes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2157 the command and then type @kbd{M-0 C-x e}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2158
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2159 Any messages your command prints in the echo area will be suppressed.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2160
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2161 If you need to repeat a command a small number of times, you can use
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2162 @kbd{C-x z} (@pxref{Repeating commands}) or @kbd{C-x e}.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2163
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2164 @node Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column, Forcing Emacs to iconify itself, Repeating a command as many times as possible, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2165 @section How do I make Emacs behave like this: when I go up or down, the cursor should stay in the same column even if the line is too short?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2166 @cindex @code{picture-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2167 @cindex Remaining in the same column, regardless of contents
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2168 @cindex Vertical movement in empty documents
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2169
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2170 @kbd{M-x picture-mode}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2171
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2172 @node Forcing Emacs to iconify itself, Using regular expressions, Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2173 @section How do I tell Emacs to iconify itself?
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
2174 @cindex Iconification under the X Window System
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
2175 @cindex X Window System and iconification
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2176 @cindex Suspending Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2177
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
2178 @kbd{C-z} iconifies Emacs when running under X and suspends Emacs
50475
b65aa1d740eb Fix cross references.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 49429
diff changeset
2179 otherwise. @inforef{Frame Commands, Frame Commands, emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2180
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2181 @node Using regular expressions, Replacing text across multiple files, Forcing Emacs to iconify itself, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2182 @section How do I use regexps (regular expressions) in Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2183 @cindex Regexps
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2184 @cindex Regular expressions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2185 @cindex Differences between Unix and Emacs regexps
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2186 @cindex Unix regeps, differences from Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2187 @cindex Text strings, putting regexps in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2188
64917
f9b024cc4772 (Using regular expressions): Fix xref.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64890
diff changeset
2189 @inforef{Regexp Backslash, Regexp Backslash, emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2190
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2191 The @code{or} operator is @samp{\|}, not @samp{|}, and the grouping operators
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2192 are @samp{\(} and @samp{\)}. Also, the string syntax for a backslash is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2193 @samp{\\}. To specify a regular expression like @samp{xxx\(foo\|bar\)}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2194 in a Lisp string, use @samp{xxx\\(foo\\|bar\\)}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2195
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2196 Note the doubled backslashes!
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2197
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2198 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2199
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2200 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2201 Unlike in Unix @file{grep}, @file{sed}, etc., a complement character set
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2202 (@samp{[^...]}) can match a newline character (@key{LFD} a.k.a.@:
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2203 @kbd{C-j} a.k.a.@: @samp{\n}), unless newline is mentioned as one of the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2204 characters not to match.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2205
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2206 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2207 The character syntax regexps (e.g., @samp{\sw}) are not
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2208 meaningful inside character set regexps (e.g., @samp{[aeiou]}). (This
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2209 is actually typical for regexp syntax.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2210
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2211 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2212
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2213 @node Replacing text across multiple files, Documentation for etags, Using regular expressions, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2214 @section How do I perform a replace operation across more than one file?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2215 @cindex Replacing strings across files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2216 @cindex Multiple files, replacing across
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2217 @cindex Files, replacing strings across multiple
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2218
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2219 The ``tags'' feature of Emacs includes the command
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2220 @code{tags-query-replace} which performs a query-replace across all the
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2221 files mentioned in the @file{TAGS} file. @inforef{Tags Search, Tags Search,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2222 emacs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2223
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2224 As of Emacs 19.29, Dired mode (@kbd{M-x dired @key{RET}}, or @kbd{C-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2225 d}) supports the command @code{dired-do-query-replace}, which allows
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2226 users to replace regular expressions in multiple files.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2227
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2228 @node Documentation for etags, Disabling backups, Replacing text across multiple files, Common requests
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2229 @section Where is the documentation for @code{etags}?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2230 @cindex Documentation for @code{etags}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2231 @cindex @code{etags}, documentation for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2232
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2233 The @code{etags} man page should be in the same place as the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2234 @code{emacs} man page.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2235
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2236 Quick command-line switch descriptions are also available. For example,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2237 @samp{etags -H}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2238
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2239 @node Disabling backups, Disabling auto-save-mode, Documentation for etags, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2240 @section How do I disable backup files?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2241 @cindex Backups, disabling
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2242 @cindex Disabling backups
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2243
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2244 You probably don't want to do this, since backups are useful, especially
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2245 when something goes wrong.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2246
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
2247 To avoid seeing backup files (and other ``uninteresting'' files) in Dired,
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2248 load @code{dired-x} by adding the following to your @file{.emacs} file:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2249
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2250 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2251 (add-hook 'dired-load-hook
28344
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
2252 (lambda ()
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
2253 (load "dired-x")))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2254 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2255
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2256 With @code{dired-x} loaded, @kbd{M-o} toggles omitting in each dired buffer.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2257 You can make omitting the default for new dired buffers by putting the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2258 following in your @file{.emacs}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2259
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2260 @lisp
30692
b2cc8b3e837e (Disabling backups): Replace reference to
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 30009
diff changeset
2261 (add-hook 'dired-mode-hook 'dired-omit-toggle)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2262 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2263
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2264 If you're tired of seeing backup files whenever you do an @samp{ls} at
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2265 the Unix shell, try GNU @code{ls} with the @samp{-B} option. GNU
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2266 @code{ls} is part of the GNU Fileutils package, available from
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2267 @samp{ftp.gnu.org} and its mirrors (@pxref{Current GNU distributions}).
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2268
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2269 To disable or change the way backups are made, @inforef{Backup Names, ,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2270 emacs}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2271
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2272 @cindex Backup files in a single directory
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2273 Beginning with Emacs 21.1, you can control where Emacs puts backup files
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2274 by customizing the variable @code{backup-directory-alist}. This
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2275 variable's value specifies that files whose names match specific patters
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2276 should have their backups put in certain directories. A typical use is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2277 to add the element @code{("." . @var{dir})} to force Emacs to put
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2278 @strong{all} backup files in the directory @file{dir}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2279
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2280 @node Disabling auto-save-mode, Going to a line by number, Disabling backups, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2281 @section How do I disable @code{auto-save-mode}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2282 @cindex Disabling @code{auto-save-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2283 @cindex Auto-saving
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2284 @cindex Saving at frequent intervals
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2285
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2286 You probably don't want to do this, since auto-saving is useful,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2287 especially when Emacs or your computer crashes while you are editing a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2288 document.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2289
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2290 Instead, you might want to change the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2291 @code{auto-save-interval}, which specifies how many keystrokes Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2292 waits before auto-saving. Increasing this value forces Emacs to wait
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2293 longer between auto-saves, which might annoy you less.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2294
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2295 You might also want to look into Sebastian Kremer's @code{auto-save}
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
2296 package (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). This
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2297 package also allows you to place all auto-save files in one directory,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2298 such as @file{/tmp}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2299
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2300 To disable or change how @code{auto-save-mode} works, @inforef{Auto
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2301 Save, , emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2302
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2303 @node Going to a line by number, Modifying pull-down menus, Disabling auto-save-mode, Common requests
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2304 @section How can I go to a certain line given its number?
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2305 @cindex Going to a line by number
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2306 @cindex Compilation error messages
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2307 @cindex Recompilation
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2308
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2309 Are you sure you indeed need to go to a line by its number? Perhaps all
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2310 you want is to display a line in your source file for which a compiler
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2311 printed an error message? If so, compiling from within Emacs using the
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2312 @kbd{M-x compile} and @kbd{M-x recompile} commands is a much more
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2313 effective way of doing that. Emacs automatically intercepts the compile
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2314 error messages, inserts them into a special buffer called
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2315 @code{*compilation*}, and lets you visit the locus of each message in
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2316 the source. Type @kbd{C-x `} to step through the offending lines one by
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2317 one (starting with Emacs 22, you can also use @kbd{M-g M-p} and
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2318 @kbd{M-g M-n} to go to the previous and next matches directly). Click
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2319 @kbd{Mouse-2} or press @key{RET} on a message text in the
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2320 @code{*compilation*} buffer to go to the line whose number is mentioned
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2321 in that message.
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2322
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2323 But if you indeed need to go to a certain text line, type @kbd{M-g M-g}
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2324 (which is the default binding of the @code{goto-line} function starting
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2325 with Emacs 22). Emacs will prompt you for the number of the line and go
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2326 to that line.
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2327
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2328 You can do this faster by invoking @code{goto-line} with a numeric
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2329 argument that is the line's number. For example, @kbd{C-u 286 M-g M-g}
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2330 will jump to line number 286 in the current buffer.
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2331
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2332 @node Modifying pull-down menus, Deleting menus and menu options, Going to a line by number, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2333 @section How can I create or modify new pull-down menu options?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2334 @cindex Pull-down menus, creating or modifying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2335 @cindex Menus, creating or modifying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2336 @cindex Creating new menu options
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2337 @cindex Modifying pull-down menus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2338 @cindex Menus and keymaps
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2339 @cindex Keymaps and menus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2340
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2341 Each menu title (e.g., @samp{File}, @samp{Edit}, @samp{Buffers})
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2342 represents a local or global keymap. Selecting a menu title with the
56279
b1ae5333057a * ses.texi, viper.texi, search.texi, flymake.texi, faq.texi:
Jesper Harder <harder@ifa.au.dk>
parents: 55201
diff changeset
2343 mouse displays that keymap's non-@code{nil} contents in the form of a menu.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2344
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2345 So to add a menu option to an existing menu, all you have to do is add a
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2346 new definition to the appropriate keymap. Adding a @samp{Forward Word}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2347 item to the @samp{Edit} menu thus requires the following Lisp code:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2348
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2349 @lisp
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2350 (define-key global-map
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2351 [menu-bar edit forward]
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2352 '("Forward word" . forward-word))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2353 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2354
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2355 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2356 The first line adds the entry to the global keymap, which includes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2357 global menu bar entries. Replacing the reference to @code{global-map}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2358 with a local keymap would add this menu option only within a particular
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2359 mode.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2360
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2361 The second line describes the path from the menu-bar to the new entry.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2362 Placing this menu entry underneath the @samp{File} menu would mean
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2363 changing the word @code{edit} in the second line to @code{file}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2364
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2365 The third line is a cons cell whose first element is the title that will
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2366 be displayed, and whose second element is the function that will be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2367 called when that menu option is invoked.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2368
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2369 To add a new menu, rather than a new option to an existing menu, we must
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2370 define an entirely new keymap:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2371
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2372 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2373 (define-key global-map [menu-bar words]
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2374 (cons "Words" (make-sparse-keymap "Words")))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2375 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2376
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2377 The above code creates a new sparse keymap, gives it the name
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2378 @samp{Words}, and attaches it to the global menu bar. Adding the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2379 @samp{Forward Word} item to this new menu would thus require the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2380 following code:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2381
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2382 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2383 (define-key global-map
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2384 [menu-bar words forward]
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2385 '("Forward word" . forward-word))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2386 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2387
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2388 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2389 Note that because of the way keymaps work, menu options are displayed
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2390 with the more recently defined items at the top. Thus if you were to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2391 define menu options @samp{foo}, @samp{bar}, and @samp{baz} (in that
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2392 order), the menu option @samp{baz} would appear at the top, and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2393 @samp{foo} would be at the bottom.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2394
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2395 One way to avoid this problem is to use the function @code{define-key-after},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2396 which works the same as @code{define-key}, but lets you modify where items
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2397 appear. The following Lisp code would insert the @samp{Forward Word}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2398 item in the @samp{Edit} menu immediately following the @samp{Undo} item:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2399
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2400 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2401 (define-key-after
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2402 (lookup-key global-map [menu-bar edit])
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2403 [forward]
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2404 '("Forward word" . forward-word)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2405 'undo)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2406 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2407
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2408 Note how the second and third arguments to @code{define-key-after} are
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2409 different from those of @code{define-key}, and that we have added a new
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2410 (final) argument, the function after which our new key should be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2411 defined.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2412
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2413 To move a menu option from one position to another, simply evaluate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2414 @code{define-key-after} with the appropriate final argument.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2415
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2416 More detailed information---and more examples of how to create and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2417 modify menu options---are in the @cite{Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}, under
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
2418 ``Menu Keymaps''. (@xref{Emacs Lisp documentation}, for information on
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
2419 this manual.)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2420
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2421 @node Deleting menus and menu options, Turning on syntax highlighting, Modifying pull-down menus, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2422 @section How do I delete menus and menu options?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2423 @cindex Deleting menus and menu options
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2424 @cindex Menus, deleting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2425
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2426 The simplest way to remove a menu is to set its keymap to @samp{nil}.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2427 For example, to delete the @samp{Words} menu (@pxref{Modifying pull-down
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2428 menus}), use:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2429
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2430 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2431 (define-key global-map [menu-bar words] nil)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2432 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2433
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2434 Similarly, removing a menu option requires redefining a keymap entry to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2435 @code{nil}. For example, to delete the @samp{Forward word} menu option
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2436 from the @samp{Edit} menu (we added it in @ref{Modifying pull-down
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2437 menus}), use:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2438
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2439 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2440 (define-key global-map [menu-bar edit forward] nil)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2441 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2442
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2443 @node Turning on syntax highlighting, Scrolling only one line, Deleting menus and menu options, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2444 @section How do I turn on syntax highlighting?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2445 @cindex Syntax highlighting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2446 @cindex @code{font-lock-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2447 @cindex Highlighting based on syntax
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2448 @cindex Colorizing text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2449 @cindex FAQ, @code{font-lock-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2450
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2451 @code{font-lock-mode} is the standard way to have Emacs perform syntax
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2452 highlighting in the current buffer. It is enabled by default in Emacs
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2453 22.1 and later.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2454
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2455 With @code{font-lock-mode} turned on, different types of text will
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2456 appear in different colors. For instance, in a programming mode,
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2457 variables will appear in one face, keywords in a second, and comments in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2458 a third.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2459
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2460 @cindex hilit19 is deprecated
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2461 Earlier versions of Emacs supported hilit19, a similar package. Use of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2462 hilit19 is now considered non-standard, although @file{hilit19.el} comes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2463 with the stock Emacs distribution. It is no longer maintained.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2464
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2465 To turn @code{font-lock-mode} off within an existing buffer, use
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2466 @kbd{M-x font-lock-mode @key{RET}}.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2467
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2468 In Emacs 21 and earlier versions, you could use the following code in
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2469 your @file{.emacs} file to turn on @code{font-lock-mode} globally:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2470
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2471 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2472 (global-font-lock-mode 1)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2473 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2474
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2475 Highlighting a buffer with @code{font-lock-mode} can take quite a while,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2476 and cause an annoying delay in display, so several features exist to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2477 work around this.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2478
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2479 @cindex Just-In-Time syntax highlighting
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2480 In Emacs 21 and later, turning on @code{font-lock-mode} automatically
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2481 activates the new @dfn{Just-In-Time fontification} provided by
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2482 @code{jit-lock-mode}. @code{jit-lock-mode} defers the fontification of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2483 portions of buffer until you actually need to see them, and can also
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2484 fontify while Emacs is idle. This makes display of the visible portion
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2485 of a buffer almost instantaneous. For details about customizing
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2486 @code{jit-lock-mode}, type @kbd{C-h f jit-lock-mode @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2487
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2488 @cindex Levels of syntax highlighting
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2489 @cindex Decoration level, in @code{font-lock-mode}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2490 In versions of Emacs before 21, different levels of decoration are
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2491 available, from slight to gaudy. More decoration means you need to wait
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2492 more time for a buffer to be fontified (or a faster machine). To
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2493 control how decorated your buffers should become, set the value of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2494 @code{font-lock-maximum-decoration} in your @file{.emacs} file, with a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2495 @code{nil} value indicating default (usually minimum) decoration, and a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2496 @code{t} value indicating the maximum decoration. For the gaudiest
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2497 possible look, then, include the line
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2498
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2499 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2500 (setq font-lock-maximum-decoration t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2501 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2502
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2503 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2504 in your @file{.emacs} file. You can also set this variable such that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2505 different modes are highlighted in a different ways; for more
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2506 information, see the documentation for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2507 @code{font-lock-maximum-decoration} with @kbd{C-h v} (or @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2508 describe-variable @key{RET}}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2509
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2510 Also see the documentation for the function @code{font-lock-mode},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2511 available by typing @kbd{C-h f font-lock-mode} (@kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2512 describe-function @key{RET} font-lock-mode @key{RET}}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2513
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2514 To print buffers with the faces (i.e., colors and fonts) intact, use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2515 @kbd{M-x ps-print-buffer-with-faces} or @kbd{M-x
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2516 ps-print-region-with-faces}. You will need a way to send text to a
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2517 PostScript printer, or a PostScript interpreter such as Ghostscript;
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2518 consult the documentation of the variables @code{ps-printer-name},
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2519 @code{ps-lpr-command}, and @code{ps-lpr-switches} for more details.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2520
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2521 @node Scrolling only one line, Replacing highlighted text, Turning on syntax highlighting, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2522 @section How can I force Emacs to scroll only one line when I move past the bottom of the screen?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2523 @cindex Scrolling only one line
46918
82d113655734 Minor spelling and grammar corrections.
Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>
parents: 46655
diff changeset
2524 @cindex Reducing the increment when scrolling
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2525
67551
fe8f45a3c8a7 (Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67543
diff changeset
2526 Customize the @code{scroll-conservatively} variable with @kbd{M-x
fe8f45a3c8a7 (Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67543
diff changeset
2527 customize-variable @key{RET} scroll-conservatively @key{RET}} and set it
fe8f45a3c8a7 (Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67543
diff changeset
2528 to a large value like, say, 10000. For an explanation of what this
fe8f45a3c8a7 (Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67543
diff changeset
2529 means, @inforef{Scrolling, Scrolling, emacs}.
fe8f45a3c8a7 (Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67543
diff changeset
2530
fe8f45a3c8a7 (Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67543
diff changeset
2531 Alternatively, use the following Lisp form in your @file{.emacs}:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2532
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2533 @lisp
67551
fe8f45a3c8a7 (Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 67543
diff changeset
2534 (setq scroll-conservatively most-positive-fixnum)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2535 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2536
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2537 @node Replacing highlighted text, Editing MS-DOS files, Scrolling only one line, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2538 @section How can I replace highlighted text with what I type?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2539 @cindex @code{delete-selection-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2540 @cindex Replacing highlighted text
46918
82d113655734 Minor spelling and grammar corrections.
Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>
parents: 46655
diff changeset
2541 @cindex Highlighting and replacing text
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2542
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2543 Use @code{delete-selection-mode}, which you can start automatically by
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2544 placing the following Lisp form in your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2545
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2546 @lisp
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2547 (delete-selection-mode 1)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2548 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2549
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2550 According to the documentation string for @code{delete-selection-mode}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2551 (which you can read using @kbd{M-x describe-function @key{RET}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2552 delete-selection-mode @key{RET}}):
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2553
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2554 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2555 When ON, typed text replaces the selection if the selection is active.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2556 When OFF, typed text is just inserted at point.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2557 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2558
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2559 This mode also allows you to delete (not kill) the highlighted region by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2560 pressing @key{DEL}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2561
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2562 @node Editing MS-DOS files, Filling paragraphs with a single space, Replacing highlighted text, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2563 @section How can I edit MS-DOS files using Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2564 @cindex Editing MS-DOS files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2565 @cindex MS-DOS files, editing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2566 @cindex Microsoft files, editing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2567 @cindex Windows files, editing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2568
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2569 As of Emacs 20, detection and handling of MS-DOS (and Windows) files is
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2570 performed transparently. You can open MS-DOS files on a Unix system,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2571 edit it, and save it without having to worry about the file format.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2572
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2573 When editing an MS-DOS style file, the mode line will indicate that it
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2574 is a DOS file. On Unix and GNU/Linux systems, and also on a Macintosh,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2575 the string @samp{(DOS)} will appear near the left edge of the mode line;
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2576 on DOS and Windows, where the DOS end-of-line (EOL) format is the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2577 default, a backslash (@samp{\}) will appear in the mode line.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2578
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2579 If you are running a version of Emacs before 20.1, get @code{crypt++}
59996
aac0a33f5772 Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59713
diff changeset
2580 (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). Among other things,
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
2581 @code{crypt++} transparently modifies MS-DOS files as they are loaded
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
2582 and saved, allowing you to ignore the different conventions that Unix
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
2583 and MS-DOS have for delineating the end of a line.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2584
35651
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2585 @node Filling paragraphs with a single space, Escape sequences in shell output, Editing MS-DOS files, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2586 @section How can I tell Emacs to fill paragraphs with a single space after each period?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2587 @cindex One space following periods
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2588 @cindex Single space following periods
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2589 @cindex Periods, one space following
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2590
67576
79100dce8a85 * faq.texi (Filling paragraphs with a single space): No need to
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 67551
diff changeset
2591 Add the following line to your @file{.emacs} file:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2592
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2593 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2594 (setq sentence-end-double-space nil)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2595 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2596
35651
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2597 @node Escape sequences in shell output, , Filling paragraphs with a single space, Common requests
46655
05bd4743e434 Remove bad line break.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43966
diff changeset
2598 @section Why these strange escape sequences from @code{ls} from the Shell mode?
35651
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2599 @cindex Escape sequences in @code{ls} output
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2600 @cindex @code{ls} in Shell mode
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2601
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2602 This happens because @code{ls} is aliased to @samp{ls --color} in your
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2603 shell init file. You have two alternatives to solve this:
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2604
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2605 @itemize @bullet
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2606 @item
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2607 Make the alias conditioned on the @code{EMACS} variable in the
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2608 environment. When Emacs runs a subsidiary shell, it exports the
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2609 @code{EMACS} variable with the value @code{t} to that shell. You can
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2610 unalias @code{ls} when that happens, thus limiting the alias to your
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2611 interactive sessions.
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2612
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2613 @item
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2614 Install the @code{ansi-color} package (bundled with Emacs 21.1 and
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2615 later), which converts these ANSI escape sequences into colors.
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2616 @end itemize
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2617
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2618 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2619 @node Bugs and problems, Compiling and installing Emacs, Common requests, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2620 @chapter Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2621 @cindex Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2622
38687
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2623 The Emacs manual lists some common kinds of trouble users could get
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2624 into, see @ref{Lossage, , Dealing with Emacs Trouble, emacs, The GNU
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2625 Emacs Manual}, so you might look there if the problem you encounter
38770
4cbe0f799a15 (Bugs and problems): Fix wording.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38687
diff changeset
2626 isn't described in this chapter. If you decide you've discovered a bug,
4cbe0f799a15 (Bugs and problems): Fix wording.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38687
diff changeset
2627 see @ref{Bugs, , Reporting Bugs, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}, for
38687
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2628 instructions how to do that.
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2629
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2630 The file @file{etc/PROBLEMS} in the Emacs distribution lists various
38770
4cbe0f799a15 (Bugs and problems): Fix wording.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38687
diff changeset
2631 known problems with building and using Emacs on specific platforms;
54478
c0b7b601058f Fix help key bindings.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 52979
diff changeset
2632 type @kbd{C-h C-e} to read it.
38687
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2633
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2634 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2635 * Problems with very large files::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2636 * ^M in the shell buffer::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2637 * Shell process exits abnormally::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2638 * Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2639 * Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2640 * Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2641 * Problems talking to certain hosts::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2642 * Errors with init files::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2643 * Emacs ignores X resources::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2644 * Emacs ignores frame parameters::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2645 * Emacs takes a long time to visit files::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2646 * Editing files with $ in the name::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2647 * Shell mode loses the current directory::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2648 * Security risks with Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2649 * Dired claims that no file is on this line::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2650 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2651
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2652 @node Problems with very large files, ^M in the shell buffer, Bugs and problems, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2653 @section Does Emacs have problems with files larger than 8 megabytes?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2654 @cindex Very large files, opening
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2655 @cindex Large files, opening
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2656 @cindex Opening very large files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2657 @cindex Maximum file size
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2658 @cindex Files, maximum size
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2659
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2660 Old versions (i.e., anything before 19.29) of Emacs had problems editing
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2661 files larger than 8 megabytes. In versions 19.29 and later, the maximum
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2662 buffer size is at least 2^27-1, or 134,217,727 bytes, or 132 MBytes.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2663 And in Emacs 22, the maximum buffer size has been increased to
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2664 268,435,455 bytes (or 256 MBytes) on 32-bit machines.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2665
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2666 @node ^M in the shell buffer, Shell process exits abnormally, Problems with very large files, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2667 @section How do I get rid of @samp{^M} or echoed commands in my shell buffer?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2668 @cindex Shell buffer, echoed commands and @samp{^M} in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2669 @cindex Echoed commands in @code{shell-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2670
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2671 Try typing @kbd{M-x shell-strip-ctrl-m @key{RET}} while in @code{shell-mode} to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2672 make them go away. If that doesn't work, you have several options:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2673
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2674 For @code{tcsh}, put this in your @file{.cshrc} (or @file{.tcshrc})
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2675 file:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2676
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2677 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2678 if ($?EMACS) then
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2679 if ("$EMACS" == t) then
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2680 if ($?tcsh) unset edit
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2681 stty nl
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2682 endif
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2683 endif
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2684 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2685
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2686 Or put this in your @file{.emacs_tcsh} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2687
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2688 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2689 unset edit
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2690 stty nl
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2691 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2692
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2693 Alternatively, use @code{csh} in your shell buffers instead of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2694 @code{tcsh}. One way is:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2695
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2696 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2697 (setq explicit-shell-file-name "/bin/csh")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2698 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2699
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2700 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2701 and another is to do this in your @file{.cshrc} (or @file{.tcshrc})
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2702 file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2703
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2704 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2705 setenv ESHELL /bin/csh
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2706 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2707
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2708 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2709 (You must start Emacs over again with the environment variable properly
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2710 set for this to take effect.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2711
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2712 You can also set the @code{ESHELL} environment variable in Emacs Lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2713 with the following Lisp form,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2714
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2715 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2716 (setenv "ESHELL" "/bin/csh")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2717 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2718
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2719 The above solutions try to prevent the shell from producing the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2720 @samp{^M} characters in the first place. If this is not possible
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2721 (e.g., if you use a Windows shell), you can get Emacs to remove these
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2722 characters from the buffer by adding this to your @file{.emacs} init
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2723 file:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2724
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2725 @smalllisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2726 (add-hook 'comint-output-filter-functions 'shell-strip-ctrl-m)
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2727 @end smalllisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2728
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2729 On a related note: if your shell is echoing your input line in the shell
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2730 buffer, you might want to customize the @code{comint-process-echoes}
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2731 variable in your shell buffers, or try the following command in your
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
2732 shell start-up file:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2733
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2734 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2735 stty -icrnl -onlcr -echo susp ^Z
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2736 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2737
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2738 @node Shell process exits abnormally, Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows, ^M in the shell buffer, Bugs and problems
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
2739 @section Why do I get ``Process shell exited abnormally with code 1''?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2740 @cindex Abnormal exits from @code{shell-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2741 @cindex @code{shell-mode} exits
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2742 @cindex Process shell exited
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2743
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2744 The most likely reason for this message is that the @samp{env} program
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2745 is not properly installed. Compile this program for your architecture,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2746 and install it with @samp{a+x} permission in the architecture-dependent
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2747 Emacs program directory. (You can find what this directory is at your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2748 site by inspecting the value of the variable @code{exec-directory} by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2749 typing @kbd{C-h v exec-directory @key{RET}}.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2750
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2751 You should also check for other programs named @samp{env} in your path
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2752 (e.g., SunOS has a program named @file{/usr/bin/env}). We don't
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2753 understand why this can cause a failure and don't know a general
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2754 solution for working around the problem in this case.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2755
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2756 The @samp{make clean} command will remove @samp{env} and other vital
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2757 programs, so be careful when using it.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2758
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2759 It has been reported that this sometimes happened when Emacs was started
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2760 as an X client from an xterm window (i.e., had a controlling tty) but the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2761 xterm was later terminated.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2762
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2763 See also @samp{PROBLEMS} (in the @file{etc} subdirectory of the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2764 top-level directory when you unpack the Emacs source) for other
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2765 possible causes of this message.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2766
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2767 @node Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows, Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs, Shell process exits abnormally, Bugs and problems
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2768 @section Why do I get an error message when I try to run @kbd{M-x shell}?
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2769
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2770 @cindex Shell Mode, and MS-Windows
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2771 @cindex @code{explicit-shell-file-name}
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2772 On MS-Windows, this might happen because Emacs tries to look for the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2773 shell in a wrong place. The default file name @file{/bin/sh} is
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2774 usually incorrect for non-Unix systems. If you know where your shell
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2775 executable is, set the variable @code{explicit-shell-file-name} in
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2776 your @file{.emacs} file to point to its full file name, like this:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2777
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2778 @lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2779 (setq explicit-shell-file-name "d:/shells/bash.exe")
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2780 @end lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2781
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2782 If you don't know what shell does Emacs use, try the @kbd{M-!}
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2783 command; if that works, put the following line into your
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2784 @file{.emacs}:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2785
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2786 @lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2787 (setq explicit-shell-file-name shell-file-name)
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2788 @end lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2789
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2790 @cindex Antivirus programs, and Shell Mode
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2791 Some people have trouble with Shell Mode because of intrusive
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2792 antivirus software; disabling the resident antivirus program solves
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2793 the problems in those cases.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2794
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2795 @node Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs, Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode, Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows, Bugs and problems
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
2796 @section Where is the termcap/terminfo entry for terminal type @samp{emacs}?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2797 @cindex Termcap
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2798 @cindex Terminfo
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2799 @cindex Emacs entries for termcap/terminfo
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2800
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2801 The termcap entry for terminal type @samp{emacs} is ordinarily put in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2802 the @samp{TERMCAP} environment variable of subshells. It may help in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2803 certain situations (e.g., using rlogin from shell buffer) to add an
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2804 entry for @samp{emacs} to the system-wide termcap file. Here is a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2805 correct termcap entry for @samp{emacs}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2806
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2807 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2808 emacs:tc=unknown:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2809 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2810
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2811 To make a terminfo entry for @samp{emacs}, use @code{tic} or
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2812 @code{captoinfo}. You need to generate
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2813 @file{/usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs}. It may work to simply copy
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2814 @file{/usr/lib/terminfo/d/dumb} to @file{/usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2815
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2816 Having a termcap/terminfo entry will not enable the use of full screen
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2817 programs in shell buffers. Use @kbd{M-x terminal-emulator} for that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2818 instead.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2819
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2820 A workaround to the problem of missing termcap/terminfo entries is to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2821 change terminal type @samp{emacs} to type @samp{dumb} or @samp{unknown}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2822 in your shell start up file. @code{csh} users could put this in their
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2823 @file{.cshrc} files:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2824
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2825 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2826 if ("$term" == emacs) set term=dumb
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2827 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2828
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2829 @node Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode, Problems talking to certain hosts, Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs, Bugs and problems
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
2830 @section Why does Emacs spontaneously start displaying @samp{I-search:} and beeping?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2831 @cindex Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2832 @cindex isearch-mode, spontaneous entry into
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2833 @cindex Beeping without obvious reason
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2834
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2835 Your terminal (or something between your terminal and the computer) is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2836 sending @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} for flow control, and Emacs is receiving
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2837 these characters and interpreting them as commands. (The @kbd{C-s}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2838 character normally invokes the @code{isearch-forward} command.) For
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2839 possible solutions, see @ref{Handling C-s and C-q with flow control}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2840
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2841 @node Problems talking to certain hosts, Errors with init files, Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2842 @section Why can't Emacs talk to certain hosts (or certain hostnames)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2843 @cindex Hosts, Emacs cannot talk to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2844 @cindex @code{gethostbyname}, problematic version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2845
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2846 The problem may be that Emacs is linked with a wimpier version of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2847 @code{gethostbyname} than the rest of the programs on the machine. This
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2848 is often manifested as a message on startup of ``X server not responding.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2849 Check your @samp{DISPLAY} environment variable.'' or a message of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2850 ``Unknown host'' from @code{open-network-stream}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2851
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2852 On a Sun, this may be because Emacs had to be linked with the static C
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2853 library. The version of @code{gethostbyname} in the static C library
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2854 may only look in @file{/etc/hosts} and the NIS (YP) maps, while the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2855 version in the dynamic C library may be smart enough to check DNS in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2856 addition to or instead of NIS. On a Motorola Delta running System V
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2857 R3.6, the version of @code{gethostbyname} in the standard library works,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2858 but the one that works with NIS doesn't (the one you get with -linet).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2859 Other operating systems have similar problems.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2860
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2861 Try these options:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2862
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2863 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2864
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2865 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2866 Explicitly add the host you want to communicate with to @file{/etc/hosts}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2867
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2868 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2869 Relink Emacs with this line in @file{src/config.h}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2870
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2871 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2872 #define LIBS_SYSTEM -lresolv
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2873 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2874
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2875 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2876 Replace @code{gethostbyname} and friends in @file{libc.a} with more
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2877 useful versions such as the ones in @file{libresolv.a}. Then relink
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2878 Emacs.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2879
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2880 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2881 If you are actually running NIS, make sure that @code{ypbind} is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2882 properly told to do DNS lookups with the correct command line switch.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2883
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2884 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2885
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2886 @node Errors with init files, Emacs ignores X resources, Problems talking to certain hosts, Bugs and problems
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
2887 @section Why does Emacs say @samp{Error in init file}?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2888 @cindex Error in @file{.emacs}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2889 @cindex Error in init file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2890 @cindex Init file, errors in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2891 @cindex @file{.emacs} file, errors in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2892 @cindex Debugging @file{.emacs} file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2893
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2894 An error occurred while loading either your @file{.emacs} file or the
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2895 system-wide file @file{lisp/default.el}. Emacs 21.1 and later pops the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2896 @file{*Messages*} buffer, and puts there some additional information
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2897 about the error, to provide some hints for debugging.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2898
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2899 For information on how to debug your @file{.emacs} file, see
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2900 @ref{Debugging a customization file}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2901
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2902 It may be the case that you need to load some package first, or use a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2903 hook that will be evaluated after the package is loaded. A common case
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2904 of this is explained in @ref{Terminal setup code works after Emacs has
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2905 begun}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2906
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2907 @node Emacs ignores X resources, Emacs ignores frame parameters, Errors with init files, Bugs and problems
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2908 @section Why does Emacs ignore my X resources (my .Xdefaults file)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2909 @cindex X resources being ignored
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2910 @cindex Ignored X resources
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2911 @cindex @file{.Xdefaults}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2912
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2913 As of version 19, Emacs searches for X resources in the files specified
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2914 by the following environment variables:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2915
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2916 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2917
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2918 @item @code{XFILESEARCHPATH}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2919 @item @code{XUSERFILESEARCHPATH}
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2920 @item @code{XAPPLRESDIR}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2921
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2922 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2923
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2924 This emulates the functionality provided by programs written using the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2925 Xt toolkit.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2926
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2927 @code{XFILESEARCHPATH} and @code{XUSERFILESEARCHPATH} should be a list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2928 of file names separated by colons. @code{XAPPLRESDIR} should be a list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2929 of directory names separated by colons.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2930
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2931 Emacs searches for X resources:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2932
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2933 @enumerate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2934
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2935 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2936 specified on the command line, with the @samp{-xrm RESOURCESTRING} option,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2937
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2938 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2939 then in the value of the @samp{XENVIRONMENT} environment variable,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2940
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2941 @itemize @minus
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2942
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2943 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2944 or if that is unset, in the file named
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2945 @file{~/.Xdefaults-@var{hostname}} if it exists (where @var{hostname} is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2946 the name of the machine Emacs is running on),
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2947
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2948 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2949
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2950 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2951 then in the screen-specific and server-wide resource properties provided
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2952 by the server,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2953
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2954 @itemize @minus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2955
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2956 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2957 or if those properties are unset, in the file named @file{~/.Xdefaults}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2958 if it exists,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2959
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2960 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2961
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2962 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2963 then in the files listed in @samp{XUSERFILESEARCHPATH},
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2964
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2965 @itemize @minus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2966
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2967 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2968 or in files named @file{@var{lang}/Emacs} in directories listed in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2969 @samp{XAPPLRESDIR} (where @var{lang} is the value of the @code{LANG}
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2970 environment variable), if the @samp{LANG} environment variable is set,
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2971 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2972 or in files named Emacs in the directories listed in @samp{XAPPLRESDIR}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2973 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2974 or in @file{~/@var{lang}/Emacs} (if the @code{LANG} environment variable
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2975 is set),
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2976 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2977 or in @file{~/Emacs},
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2978
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2979 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2980
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2981 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2982 then in the files listed in @code{XFILESEARCHPATH}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2983
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2984 @end enumerate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2985
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2986 @node Emacs ignores frame parameters, Emacs takes a long time to visit files, Emacs ignores X resources, Bugs and problems
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2987 @section Why don't my customizations of the frame parameters work?
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2988 @cindex Frame parameters
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2989
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2990 This probably happens because you have set the frame parameters in the
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2991 variable @code{initial-frame-alist}. That variable holds parameters
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2992 used only for the first frame created when Emacs starts. To customize
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2993 the parameters of all frames, change the variable
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2994 @code{default-frame-alist} instead.
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2995
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2996 These two variables exist because many users customize the initial frame
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2997 in a special way. For example, you could determine the position and
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2998 size of the initial frame, but would like to control the geometry of the
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2999 other frames by individually positioning each one of them.
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3000
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3001
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3002 @node Emacs takes a long time to visit files, Editing files with $ in the name, Emacs ignores frame parameters, Bugs and problems
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3003 @section Why does Emacs take 20 seconds to visit a file?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3004 @cindex Visiting files takes a long time
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3005 @cindex Delay when visiting files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3006 @cindex Files, take a long time to visit
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3007
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3008 Old versions of Emacs (i.e., versions before Emacs 20.x) often
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3009 encountered this when the master lock file, @file{!!!SuperLock!!!}, has
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3010 been left in the lock directory somehow. Delete it.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3011
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3012 @email{meuer@@geom.umn.edu, Mark Meuer} says that NeXT NFS has a bug
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3013 where an exclusive create succeeds but returns an error status. This
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3014 can cause the same problem. Since Emacs's file locking doesn't work
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3015 over NFS anyway, the best solution is to recompile Emacs with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3016 @code{CLASH_DETECTION} undefined.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3017
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3018 @node Editing files with $ in the name, Shell mode loses the current directory, Emacs takes a long time to visit files, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3019 @section How do I edit a file with a @samp{$} in its name?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3020 @cindex Editing files with @samp{$} in the name
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3021 @cindex @samp{$} in file names
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3022 @cindex File names containing @samp{$}, editing
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3023
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3024 When entering a file name in the minibuffer, Emacs will attempt to expand
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3025 a @samp{$} followed by a word as an environment variable. To suppress
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3026 this behavior, type @kbd{$$} instead.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3027
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3028 @node Shell mode loses the current directory, Security risks with Emacs, Editing files with $ in the name, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3029 @section Why does shell mode lose track of the shell's current directory?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3030 @cindex Current directory and @code{shell-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3031 @cindex @code{shell-mode} and current directory
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3032 @cindex Directory, current in @code{shell-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3033
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3034 Emacs has no way of knowing when the shell actually changes its
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3035 directory. This is an intrinsic limitation of Unix. So it tries to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3036 guess by recognizing @samp{cd} commands. If you type @kbd{cd} followed
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3037 by a directory name with a variable reference (@kbd{cd $HOME/bin}) or
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3038 with a shell metacharacter (@kbd{cd ../lib*}), Emacs will fail to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3039 correctly guess the shell's new current directory. A huge variety of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3040 fixes and enhancements to shell mode for this problem have been written
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3041 to handle this problem (@pxref{Finding a package with particular
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3042 functionality}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3043
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3044 You can tell Emacs the shell's current directory with the command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3045 @kbd{M-x dirs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3046
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3047 @node Security risks with Emacs, Dired claims that no file is on this line, Shell mode loses the current directory, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3048 @section Are there any security risks in Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3049 @cindex Security with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3050 @cindex @samp{movemail} and security
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3051 @cindex @code{file-local-variable} and security
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3052 @cindex Synthetic X events and security
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3053 @cindex X events and security
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3054
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3055 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3056
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3057 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3058 The @file{movemail} incident. (No, this is not a risk.)
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3059
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3060 In his book @cite{The Cuckoo's Egg}, Cliff Stoll describes this in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3061 chapter 4. The site at LBL had installed the @file{/etc/movemail}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3062 program setuid root. (As of version 19, @file{movemail} is in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3063 architecture-specific directory; type @kbd{C-h v exec-directory
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3064 @key{RET}} to see what it is.) Since @code{movemail} had not been
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3065 designed for this situation, a security hole was created and users could
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3066 get root privileges.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3067
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3068 @code{movemail} has since been changed so that this security hole will
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3069 not exist, even if it is installed setuid root. However,
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3070 @code{movemail} no longer needs to be installed setuid root, which
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3071 should eliminate this particular risk.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3072
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3073 We have heard unverified reports that the 1988 Internet worm took
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3074 advantage of this configuration problem.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3075
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3076 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3077 The @code{file-local-variable} feature. (Yes, a risk, but easy to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3078 change.)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3079
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3080 There is an Emacs feature that allows the setting of local values for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3081 variables when editing a file by including specially formatted text near
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3082 the end of the file. This feature also includes the ability to have
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3083 arbitrary Emacs Lisp code evaluated when the file is visited.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3084 Obviously, there is a potential for Trojan horses to exploit this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3085 feature.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3086
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3087 Emacs 18 allowed this feature by default; users could disable it by
56279
b1ae5333057a * ses.texi, viper.texi, search.texi, flymake.texi, faq.texi:
Jesper Harder <harder@ifa.au.dk>
parents: 55201
diff changeset
3088 setting the variable @code{inhibit-local-variables} to a non-@code{nil} value.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3089
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3090 As of Emacs 19, Emacs has a list of local variables that create a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3091 security risk. If a file tries to set one of them, it asks the user to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3092 confirm whether the variables should be set. You can also tell Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3093 whether to allow the evaluation of Emacs Lisp code found at the bottom
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3094 of files by setting the variable @code{enable-local-eval}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3095
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3096 For more information, @inforef{File Variables, File Variables, emacs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3097
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3098 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3099 Synthetic X events. (Yes, a risk; use @samp{MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1} or
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3100 better.)
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3101
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3102 Emacs accepts synthetic X events generated by the @code{SendEvent}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3103 request as though they were regular events. As a result, if you are
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3104 using the trivial host-based authentication, other users who can open X
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3105 connections to your X workstation can make your Emacs process do
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3106 anything, including run other processes with your privileges.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3107
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3108 The only fix for this is to prevent other users from being able to open
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3109 X connections. The standard way to prevent this is to use a real
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3110 authentication mechanism, such as @samp{MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1}. If using
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3111 the @code{xauth} program has any effect, then you are probably using
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3112 @samp{MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1}. Your site may be using a superior
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3113 authentication method; ask your system administrator.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3114
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3115 If real authentication is not a possibility, you may be satisfied by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3116 just allowing hosts access for brief intervals while you start your X
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3117 programs, then removing the access. This reduces the risk somewhat by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3118 narrowing the time window when hostile users would have access, but
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3119 @emph{does not eliminate the risk}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3120
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
3121 On most computers running Unix and X, you enable and disable
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3122 access using the @code{xhost} command. To allow all hosts access to
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3123 your X server, use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3124
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3125 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3126 xhost +
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3127 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3128
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3129 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3130 at the shell prompt, which (on an HP machine, at least) produces the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3131 following message:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3132
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3133 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3134 access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3135 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3136
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3137 To deny all hosts access to your X server (except those explicitly
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3138 allowed by name), use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3139
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3140 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3141 xhost -
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3142 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3143
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3144 On the test HP computer, this command generated the following message:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3145
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3146 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3147 access control enabled, only authorized clients can connect
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3148 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3149
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3150 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3151
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3152 @node Dired claims that no file is on this line, , Security risks with Emacs, Bugs and problems
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3153 @section Dired says, @samp{no file on this line} when I try to do something.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3154 @cindex Dired does not see a file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3155
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3156 @c FIXME: I think this is fixed in Emacs 21, but I didn't have time to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3157 @c check.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3158 Chances are you're using a localized version of Unix that doesn't use US
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3159 date format in dired listings. You can check this by looking at dired
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3160 listings or by typing @kbd{ls -l} to a shell and looking at the dates that
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3161 come out.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3162
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3163 Dired uses a regular expression to find the beginning of a file name.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3164 In a long Unix-style directory listing (@samp{ls -l}), the file name
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3165 starts after the date. The regexp has thus been written to look for the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3166 date, the format of which can vary on non-US systems.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3167
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3168 There are two approaches to solving this. The first one involves
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3169 setting things up so that @samp{ls -l} outputs US date format. This can
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3170 be done by setting the locale. See your OS manual for more information.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3171
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3172 The second approach involves changing the regular expression used by
66325
fda96ff4c7e5 * files.el (directory-listing-before-filename-regexp): New
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents: 65041
diff changeset
3173 dired, @code{directory-listing-before-filename-regexp}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3174
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3175 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3176 @node Compiling and installing Emacs, Finding Emacs and related packages, Bugs and problems, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3177 @chapter Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3178 @cindex Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3179
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3180 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3181 * Installing Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3182 * Updating Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3183 * Problems building Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3184 * Linking with -lX11 fails::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3185 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3186
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3187 @node Installing Emacs, Updating Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3188 @section How do I install Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3189 @cindex Installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3190 @cindex Unix systems, installing Emacs on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3191 @cindex Downloading and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3192 @cindex Retrieving and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3193 @cindex Building Emacs from source
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3194 @cindex Source code, building Emacs from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3195 @cindex Unpacking and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3196
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3197 This answer is meant for users of Unix and Unix-like systems. Users of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3198 other operating systems should see the series of questions beginning
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3199 with @ref{Emacs for MS-DOS}, which describe where to get non-Unix source
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3200 and binaries, and how to install Emacs on those systems.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3201
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3202 For Unix and Unix-like systems, the easiest way is often to compile it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3203 from scratch. You will need:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3204
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3205 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3206
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3207 @item
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3208 Emacs sources. @xref{Current GNU distributions}, for a list of ftp sites
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3209 that make them available. On @file{ftp.gnu.org}, the main GNU
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3210 distribution site, sources are available as
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3211
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3212 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/emacs-@value{VER}.tar.gz}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3213
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3214 The above will obviously change as new versions of Emacs come out. For
59996
aac0a33f5772 Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59713
diff changeset
3215 instance, when Emacs 22.42 is released, it will most probably be
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3216 available as
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3217
59996
aac0a33f5772 Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59713
diff changeset
3218 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/emacs-22.42.tar.gz}
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3219
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3220 Again, you should use one of the GNU mirror sites (see @ref{Current GNU
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3221 distributions}, and adjust the URL accordingly) so as to reduce load on
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3222 @file{ftp.gnu.org}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3223
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3224 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3225 @code{gzip}, the GNU compression utility. You can get @code{gzip} via
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3226 anonymous ftp at mirrors of @file{ftp.gnu.org} sites; it should compile
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3227 and install without much trouble on most systems. Once you have
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3228 retrieved the Emacs sources, you will probably be able to uncompress
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3229 them with the command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3230
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3231 @example
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3232 gunzip --verbose emacs-@value{VER}.tar.gz
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3233 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3234
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3235 @noindent
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3236 changing the Emacs version (@value{VER}), as necessary. Once
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3237 @code{gunzip} has finished doing its job, a file by the name of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3238 @file{emacs-@value{VER}.tar} should be in your build directory.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3239
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3240 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3241 @code{tar}, the @dfn{tape archiving} program, which moves multiple files
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3242 into and out of archive files, or @dfn{tarfiles}. All of the files
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3243 comprising the Emacs source come in a single tarfile, and must be
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3244 extracted using @code{tar} before you can build Emacs. Typically, the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3245 extraction command would look like
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3246
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3247 @example
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3248 tar -xvvf emacs-@value{VER}.tar
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3249 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3250
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3251 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3252 The @samp{x} indicates that we want to extract files from this tarfile,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3253 the two @samp{v}s force verbose output, and the @samp{f} tells
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3254 @code{tar} to use a disk file, rather than one on the tape drive.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3255
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3256 If you're using GNU @code{tar} (available at mirrors of
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3257 @file{ftp.gnu.org}), you can combine this step and the previous one by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3258 using the command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3259
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3260 @example
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3261 tar -zxvvf emacs-@value{VER}.tar.gz
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3262 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3263
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3264 @noindent
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3265 The additional @samp{z} at the beginning of the options list tells GNU
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3266 @code{tar} to uncompress the file with @code{gunzip} before extracting
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3267 the tarfile's components.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3268
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3269 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3270
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3271 At this point, the Emacs sources (all 70+ megabytes of them) should be
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3272 sitting in a directory called @file{emacs-@value{VER}}. On most common
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3273 Unix and Unix-like systems, you should be able to compile Emacs (with X
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3274 Window system support) with the following commands:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3275
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3276 @example
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3277 cd emacs-@value{VER} # change directory to emacs-@value{VER}
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3278 ./configure # configure Emacs for your particular system
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3279 make # use Makefile to build components, then Emacs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3280 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3281
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3282 If the @code{make} completes successfully, the odds are fairly good that
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3283 the build has gone well. (@xref{Problems building Emacs}, if you weren't
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3284 successful.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3285
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3286 By default, Emacs is installed in the following directories:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3287
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3288 @table @file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3289 @item /usr/local/bin
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3290 binaries.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3291
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3292 @item /usr/local/share/emacs/@value{VER}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3293 Lisp code and support files.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3294
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3295 @item /usr/local/info
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3296 Info documentation.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3297 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3298
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3299 To install files in those default directories, become the superuser and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3300 type
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3301
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3302 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3303 make install
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3304 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3305
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3306 Note that @samp{make install} will overwrite @file{/usr/local/bin/emacs}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3307 and any Emacs Info files that might be in @file{/usr/local/info}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3308
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3309 Much more verbose instructions (with many more hints and suggestions)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3310 come with the Emacs sources, in the file @file{INSTALL}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3311
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3312 @node Updating Emacs, Problems building Emacs, Installing Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3313 @section How do I update Emacs to the latest version?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3314 @cindex Updating Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3315
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3316 @xref{Installing Emacs}, and follow the instructions there for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3317 installation.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3318
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3319 Most files are placed in version-specific directories. Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3320 @value{VER}, for instance, places files in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3321 @file{/usr/local/share/emacs/@value{VER}}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3322
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3323 Upgrading should overwrite only, @file{/usr/local/bin/emacs} (the Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3324 binary) and documentation in @file{/usr/local/info}. Back up these
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3325 files before you upgrade, and you shouldn't have too much trouble.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3326
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3327 @node Problems building Emacs, Linking with -lX11 fails, Updating Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3328 @section What should I do if I have trouble building Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3329 @cindex Problems building Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3330 @cindex Errors when building Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3331
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3332 First look in the file @file{etc/PROBLEMS} (where you unpack the Emacs
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3333 source) to see if there is already a solution for your problem. Next,
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3334 look for other questions in this FAQ that have to do with Emacs
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3335 installation and compilation problems.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3336
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3337 If you'd like to have someone look at your problem and help solve it,
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3338 see @ref{Help installing Emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3339
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3340 If you cannot find a solution in the documentation, send a message to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3341 @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3342
37806
8da84c32ff29 Avoid overfull hboxes.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37597
diff changeset
3343 Please don't post it to @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help} or send e-mail to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3344 @email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org}. For further guidelines, see
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3345 @ref{Guidelines for newsgroup postings} and @ref{Reporting bugs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3346
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3347 @node Linking with -lX11 fails, , Problems building Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3348 @section Why does linking Emacs with -lX11 fail?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3349 @cindex Linking with -lX11 fails
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3350 @cindex lX11, linking fails with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3351
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3352 Emacs needs to be linked with the static version of the X11 library,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3353 @file{libX11.a}. This may be missing.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3354
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3355 On OpenWindows, you may need to use @code{add_services} to add the
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3356 ``OpenWindows Programmers'' optional software category from the CD-ROM.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3357
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3358 On HP-UX 8.0, you may need to run @code{update} again to load the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3359 X11-PRG ``fileset''. This may be missing even if you specified ``all
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3360 filesets'' the first time. If @file{libcurses.a} is missing, you may
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3361 need to load the ``Berkeley Development Option.''
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3362
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3363 @email{zoo@@armadillo.com, David Zuhn} says that MIT X builds shared
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3364 libraries by default, and only shared libraries, on those platforms that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3365 support them. These shared libraries can't be used when undumping
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3366 @code{temacs} (the last stage of the Emacs build process). To get
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3367 regular libraries in addition to shared libraries, add this to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3368 @file{site.cf}:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3369
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3370 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3371 #define ForceNormalLib YES
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3372 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3373
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3374 Other systems may have similar problems. You can always define
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3375 @code{CANNOT_DUMP} and link with the shared libraries instead.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3376
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3377 @cindex X Menus don't work
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3378 To get the Xmenu stuff to work, you need to find a copy of MIT's
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3379 @file{liboldX.a}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3380
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3381 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3382 @node Finding Emacs and related packages, Major packages and programs, Compiling and installing Emacs, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3383 @chapter Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3384 @cindex Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3385
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3386 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3387 * Finding Emacs on the Internet::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3388 * Finding a package with particular functionality::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3389 * Packages that do not come with Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3390 * Current GNU distributions::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3391 * Difference between Emacs and XEmacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3392 * Emacs for MS-DOS::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3393 * Emacs for Windows::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3394 * Emacs for OS/2::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3395 * Emacs for Atari ST::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3396 * Emacs for the Amiga ::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3397 * Emacs for NeXTSTEP::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3398 * Emacs for Apple computers::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3399 * Emacs for VMS and DECwindows::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3400 * Modes for various languages::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3401 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3402
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3403 @node Finding Emacs on the Internet, Finding a package with particular functionality, Finding Emacs and related packages, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3404 @section Where can I get Emacs on the net (or by snail mail)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3405 @cindex Finding Emacs on the Internet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3406 @cindex Snail mail, ordering Emacs via
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3407 @cindex Postal service, ordering Emacs via
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3408 @cindex Distribution, retrieving Emacs
46918
82d113655734 Minor spelling and grammar corrections.
Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>
parents: 46655
diff changeset
3409 @cindex Internet, retrieving from
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3410
51449
352a8000c437 Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 50954
diff changeset
3411 Look in the files @file{etc/DISTRIB} and @file{etc/FTP} for
352a8000c437 Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 50954
diff changeset
3412 information on nearby archive sites. If you don't already have Emacs,
352a8000c437 Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 50954
diff changeset
3413 see @ref{Informational files for Emacs}, for how to get these files.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3414
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3415 @xref{Installing Emacs}, for information on how to obtain and build the latest
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3416 version of Emacs, and see @ref{Current GNU distributions}, for a list of
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3417 archive sites that make GNU software available.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3418
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3419 @node Finding a package with particular functionality, Packages that do not come with Emacs, Finding Emacs on the Internet, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3420 @section How do I find a Emacs Lisp package that does XXX?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3421 @cindex Package, finding
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3422 @cindex Finding an Emacs Lisp package
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3423 @cindex Functionality, finding a particular package
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3424
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3425 First of all, you should check to make sure that the package isn't
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3426 already available. For example, typing @kbd{M-x apropos @key{RET}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3427 wordstar @key{RET}} lists all functions and variables containing the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3428 string @samp{wordstar}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3429
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3430 It is also possible that the package is on your system, but has not been
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3431 loaded. To see which packages are available for loading, look through
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3432 your computer's lisp directory (@pxref{File-name conventions}). The Lisp
36344
6c3540ec3c12 (Finding a package with particular functionality):
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36301
diff changeset
3433 source to most packages contains a short description of how they
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3434 should be loaded, invoked, and configured---so before you use or
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3435 modify a Lisp package, see if the author has provided any hints in the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3436 source code.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3437
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3438 The command @kbd{C-h p} (@code{finder-by-keyword}) allows you to browse
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3439 the constituent Emacs packages.
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3440
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3441 For advice on how to find extra packages that are not part of Emacs,
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3442 see @ref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}.
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3443
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3444 @node Packages that do not come with Emacs, Current GNU distributions, Finding a package with particular functionality, Finding Emacs and related packages
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3445 @section Where can I get Emacs Lisp packages that don't come with Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3446 @cindex Unbundled packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3447 @cindex Finding other packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3448 @cindex Lisp packages that do not come with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3449 @cindex Packages, those that do not come with Emacs
50791
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3450 @cindex Emacs Lisp List
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3451 @cindex Emacs Lisp Archive
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3452
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3453 @uref{http://www.anc.ed.ac.uk/~stephen/emacs/ell.html, The Emacs Lisp
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3454 List (ELL)}, maintained by @email{stephen@@anc.ed.ac.uk, Stephen Eglen},
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3455 aims to provide one compact list with links to all of the current Emacs
55201
7fff56f5b73c lisp -> Lisp.
Jesper Harder <harder@ifa.au.dk>
parents: 54478
diff changeset
3456 Lisp files on the internet. The ELL can be browsed over the web, or
59996
aac0a33f5772 Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59713
diff changeset
3457 from Emacs with @uref{http://www.anc.ed.ac.uk/~stephen/emacs/ell.el,
50791
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3458 the @file{ell} package}.
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3459
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3460 Many authors post their packages to the @uref{news:gnu.emacs.sources,
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3461 Emacs sources newsgroup}. You can search the archives of this
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3462 group with @uref{http://groups.google.com, Google}, for example.
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3463
50791
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3464 Several packages are stored in
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3465 @uref{http://emacswiki.org/elisp/, the Lisp area of the Emacs Wiki}.
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3466
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3467 For a long time, the Emacs Lisp Archive provided a central repository
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3468 for Emacs packages. Sadly, it has not been active for some time,
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3469 although you can still access the old files at
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3470
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3471 @uref{ftp://ftp.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/emacs-lisp/WWW/index.html}
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3472
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3473 @node Current GNU distributions, Difference between Emacs and XEmacs, Packages that do not come with Emacs, Finding Emacs and related packages
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3474 @section Where can I get other up-to-date GNU stuff?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3475 @cindex Current GNU distributions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3476 @cindex Sources for current GNU distributions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3477 @cindex Stuff, current GNU
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3478 @cindex Up-to-date GNU stuff
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3479 @cindex Finding current GNU software
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3480 @cindex Official GNU software sites
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3481
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3482 The most up-to-date official GNU software is normally kept at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3483
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3484 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3485
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3486 Read the files @file{etc/DISTRIB} and @file{etc/FTP} for more
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3487 information.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3488
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3489 A list of sites mirroring @samp{ftp.gnu.org} can be found at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3490
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3491 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/ftp.html}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3492
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3493 @node Difference between Emacs and XEmacs, Emacs for MS-DOS, Current GNU distributions, Finding Emacs and related packages
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3494 @section What is the difference between Emacs and XEmacs (formerly Lucid Emacs)?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3495 @cindex XEmacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3496 @cindex Difference Emacs and XEmacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3497 @cindex Lucid Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3498 @cindex Epoch
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3499
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3500 XEmacs is a branch version of Emacs. It was first called Lucid Emacs,
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3501 and was initially derived from a prerelease version of Emacs 19. In
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3502 this FAQ, we use the name ``Emacs'' only for the official version.
56795
8dc694fe14f2 (Difference between Emacs and XEmacs): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56757
diff changeset
3503
8dc694fe14f2 (Difference between Emacs and XEmacs): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56757
diff changeset
3504 Emacs and XEmacs each come with Lisp packages that are lacking in the
8dc694fe14f2 (Difference between Emacs and XEmacs): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56757
diff changeset
3505 other. The two versions have some significant differences at the Lisp
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3506 programming level. Their current features are roughly comparable,
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3507 though the support for some operating systems, character sets and
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3508 specific packages might be quite different.
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3509
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3510 Some XEmacs code has been contributed to Emacs, and we would like to
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3511 use other parts, but the earlier XEmacs maintainers did not always
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3512 keep track of the authors of contributed code, which makes it
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3513 impossible for the FSF to get copyright papers signed for that code.
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3514 (The FSF requires these papers for all the code included in the Emacs
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3515 release, aside from generic C support packages that retain their
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3516 separate identity and are not integrated into the code of Emacs
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3517 proper.)
56802
f306b2e60578 (Difference between Emacs and XEmacs):
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56795
diff changeset
3518
f306b2e60578 (Difference between Emacs and XEmacs):
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56795
diff changeset
3519 If you want to talk about these two versions and distinguish them,
f306b2e60578 (Difference between Emacs and XEmacs):
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56795
diff changeset
3520 please call them ``Emacs'' and ``XEmacs.'' To contrast ``XEmacs''
f306b2e60578 (Difference between Emacs and XEmacs):
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56795
diff changeset
3521 with ``GNU Emacs'' would be misleading, since XEmacs too has its
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3522 origin in the work of the GNU Project. Terms such as ``Emacsen'' and
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3523 ``(X)Emacs'' are not wrong, but they are not very clear, so it
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3524 is better to write ``Emacs and XEmacs.''
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3525
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3526 @node Emacs for MS-DOS, Emacs for Windows, Difference between Emacs and XEmacs, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3527 @section Where can I get Emacs for my PC running MS-DOS?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3528 @cindex MS-DOS, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3529 @cindex DOS, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3530 @cindex Compiling Emacs for DOS
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3531 @cindex Emacs for MS-DOS
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3532 @cindex Tools needed to compile Emacs under DOS
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3533
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3534 A pre-built binary distribution of Emacs is available from the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3535 SimTel.NET archives. This version apparently works under MS-DOS and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3536 Windows (3.X, 9X, ME, NT, and 2000) and supports long file names under
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3537 Windows 9X, Windows ME, and Windows 2000. More information is available
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3538 from
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3539
56833
3e8b1ce2675a (Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 56817
diff changeset
3540 @uref{ftp://ftp.delorie.com/pub/djgpp/current/v2gnu/emacs.README}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3541
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3542 The binary itself is available in the files @file{em*.zip} in the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3543 directory
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3544
56833
3e8b1ce2675a (Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 56817
diff changeset
3545 @uref{ftp://ftp.delorie.com/pub/djgpp/current/v2gnu/}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3546
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3547 If you prefer to compile Emacs for yourself, you can do so with the
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3548 current distribution directly. You will need a 386 (or
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3549 better) processor, and to be running MS-DOS 3.0 or later. According to
56833
3e8b1ce2675a (Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 56817
diff changeset
3550 @email{eliz@@gnu.org, Eli Zaretskii} and
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3551 @email{hankedr@@dms.auburn.edu, Darrel Hankerson}, you will need the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3552 following:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3553
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3554 @table @emph
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3555
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3556 @item Compiler
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3557 DJGPP version 1.12 maint 1 or later. Djgpp 2.0 or later is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3558 recommended, since 1.x is very old an unmaintained. Djgpp 2 supports
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3559 long file names on Windows 9X/ME/2K.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3560
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3561 You can get the latest release of DJGPP by retrieving all of
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3562 the files in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3563
56833
3e8b1ce2675a (Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 56817
diff changeset
3564 @uref{ftp://ftp.delorie.com/pub/djgpp/current/v2*}
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3565
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3566 @item Unpacking program
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3567 The easiest way is to use @code{djtar} which comes with DJGPP v2.x,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3568 because it can open gzip'ed tarfiles (i.e., those ending with
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3569 @file{.tar.gz}) in one step. @code{Djtar} comes in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3570 @file{djdev@var{nnn}.zip} archive (where @var{nnn} is the DJGPP version
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3571 number), from the URL mentioned above.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3572
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3573 @strong{Warning!} Do @strong{not} use the popular WinZip program to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3574 unpack the Emacs distribution! WinZip is known to corrupt some of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3575 files by converting them to the DOS CR-LF format, it doesn't always
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3576 preserve the directory structure recorded in the compressed Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3577 archive, and commits other atrocities. Some of these problems could
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3578 actually prevent Emacs from building successfully!
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3579
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3580 @item make, mv, sed, and rm
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3581 All of these utilities are available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3582
56833
3e8b1ce2675a (Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 56817
diff changeset
3583 @uref{ftp://ftp.delorie.com/pub/djgpp/current/v2gnu}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3584
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3585 16-bit utilities can be found in GNUish, at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3586
48785
08b94ecd1d08 Fix URLs.
Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz>
parents: 47737
diff changeset
3587 @uref{http://www.simtel.net/pub/gnuish/}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3588
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3589 @noindent
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3590 (@code{mv} and @code{rm} are in the Fileutils package, @code{sed} and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3591 @code{make} are each one in a separate package named after them.)
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3592
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3593 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3594
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3595 The files @file{INSTALL} (near its end) and @file{etc/PROBLEMS} in the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3596 directory of the Emacs sources contains some additional information
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3597 regarding Emacs under MS-DOS.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3598
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3599 For a list of other MS-DOS implementations of Emacs (and Emacs
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
3600 look-alikes), consult the list of ``Emacs implementations and literature,''
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3601 available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3602
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3603 @uref{ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.emacs/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3604
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3605 Note that while many of these programs look similar to Emacs, they often
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3606 lack certain features, such as the Emacs Lisp extension language.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3607
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3608 @node Emacs for Windows, Emacs for OS/2, Emacs for MS-DOS, Finding Emacs and related packages
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
3609 @section Where can I get Emacs for Microsoft Windows?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3610 @cindex FAQ for NT Emacs
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3611 @cindex Emacs for MS-Windows
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3612 @cindex Microsoft Windows, Emacs for
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3613 @cindex Windows 9X, ME, NT, 2K, and CE, Emacs for
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3614
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3615 For information on Emacs for Windows 95 and NT, read the FAQ produced by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3616 @email{voelker@@cs.washington.edu, Geoff Voelker}, available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3617
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3618 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/windows/ntemacs.html}
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3619
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3620 @xref{Emacs for MS-DOS}, for Windows 3.1.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3621
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3622 A port of Emacs 20.7 for Windows CE, based on NTEmacs, is available at
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3623
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3624 @uref{http://www.rainer-keuchel.de/software.html}
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3625
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3626 @noindent
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3627 This port was done by @email{coyxc@@rainer-keuchel.de, Rainer Keuchel},
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3628 and supports all Emacs features except async subprocesses and menus.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3629 You will need MSVC 6.0 and a Windows CE SDK to build this port.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3630
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3631 @node Emacs for OS/2, Emacs for Atari ST, Emacs for Windows, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3632 @section Where can I get Emacs for my PC running OS/2?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3633 @cindex OS/2, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3634
35061
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3635 Emacs 20.6 is ported for emx on OS/2 2.0 or 2.1, and is available at
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3636
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3637 @uref{ftp://hobbes.nmsu.edu/pub/os2/apps/editors/emacs/e206*.zip}
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3638
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3639 @noindent
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3640 and also at
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3641
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3642 @uref{http://archiv.leo.org/pub/comp/os/os2/leo/gnu/emacs%2d20/}
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3643
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3644 Instructions for installation, basic setup, and other useful information
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3645 for OS/2 users of Emacs can be found at
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3646
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3647 @uref{http://userpage.fu-berlin.de/~oheiabbd/emacs/emacs206-os2.html}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3648
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3649 @node Emacs for Atari ST, Emacs for the Amiga , Emacs for OS/2, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3650 @section Where can I get Emacs for my Atari ST?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3651 @cindex Atari ST, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3652 @cindex TOS, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3653
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3654 Roland Schäuble reports that Emacs 18.58 running on plain TOS and MiNT
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3655 is available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3656 @uref{ftp://atari.archive.umich.edu/Editors/Emacs-18-58/1858b-d3.zoo}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3657
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3658 @node Emacs for the Amiga , Emacs for NeXTSTEP, Emacs for Atari ST, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3659 @section Where can I get Emacs for my Amiga?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3660 @cindex Amiga, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3661
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3662 The files you need are available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3663
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3664 @uref{ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/pub/aminet/util/gnu/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3665
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3666 @email{dgilbert@@gamiga.guelphnet.dweomer.org, David Gilbert} has released a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3667 beta version of Emacs 19.25 for the Amiga. You can get the binary at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3668
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3669 @uref{ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/pub/aminet/util/gnu/a2.0bEmacs-bin.lha}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3670
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3671 @node Emacs for NeXTSTEP, Emacs for Apple computers, Emacs for the Amiga , Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3672 @section Where can I get Emacs for NeXTSTEP?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3673 @cindex NeXTSTEP, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3674
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3675 Emacs.app is a NeXTSTEP version of Emacs 19.34 which supports colors,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3676 menus, and multiple frames. You can get it from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3677
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3678 @uref{ftp://next-ftp.peak.org/pub/next/apps/emacs/Emacs_for_NeXTstep.4.20a1.NIHS.b.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3679
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3680 @node Emacs for Apple computers, Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Emacs for NeXTSTEP, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3681 @section Where can I get Emacs for my Apple computer?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3682 @cindex Apple computers, Emacs for
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3683 @cindex Macintosh, Emacs for
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3684
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3685 Beginning with version 21.1, the Macintosh is supported in the official
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3686 Emacs distribution; see the files @file{mac/README} and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3687 @file{mac/INSTALL} in the Emacs distribution for build instructions.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3688
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
3689 Beginning with version 22.1, Emacs supports Mac OS X natively.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3690
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3691 @node Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Modes for various languages, Emacs for Apple computers, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3692 @section Where do I get Emacs that runs on VMS under DECwindows?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3693 @cindex DECwindows, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3694 @cindex VMS, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3695
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3696 Up-to-date information about GNU software (including Emacs) for VMS is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3697 available at @uref{http://vms.gnu.org/}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3698
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
3699 @node Modes for various languages, , Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Finding Emacs and related packages
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3700 @section Where can I get modes for Lex, Yacc/Bison, Bourne shell, csh, C@t{++}, Objective-C, Pascal, Java, and Awk?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3701 @cindex Awk, mode for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3702 @cindex @code{awk-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3703 @cindex Bison, mode for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3704 @cindex Bourne Shell, mode for
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3705 @cindex C@t{++}, mode for
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3706 @cindex Java, mode for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3707 @cindex Lex mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3708 @cindex Objective-C, mode for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3709 @cindex @code{pascal-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3710 @cindex Shell mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3711 @cindex Yacc mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3712 @cindex @file{csh} mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3713 @cindex @code{sh-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3714 @cindex @code{cc-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3715
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3716 Most of these modes are now available in standard Emacs distribution.
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3717 To get additional modes, see @ref{Finding a package with particular
59996
aac0a33f5772 Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59713
diff changeset
3718 functionality}.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3719
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3720 Barry Warsaw's @code{cc-mode} now works for C, C@t{++}, Objective-C, and
50791
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3721 Java code. It is distributed with Emacs, but has
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3722 @uref{http://cc-mode.sourceforge.net/, its own homepage}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3723
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3724 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3725 @node Major packages and programs, Key bindings, Finding Emacs and related packages, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3726 @chapter Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3727 @cindex Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3728
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3729 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3730 * VM::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3731 * Supercite::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3732 * Calc::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3733 * VIPER::
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3734 * AUCTeX::
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3735 * BBDB::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3736 * Ispell::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3737 * w3-mode::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3738 * EDB::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3739 * Mailcrypt::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3740 * JDE::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3741 * Patch::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3742 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3743
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3744 @node VM, Supercite, Major packages and programs, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3745 @section VM (View Mail) --- another mail reader within Emacs, with MIME support
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3746 @cindex VM
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3747 @cindex Alternative mail software
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3748 @cindex View Mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3749 @cindex E-mail reader, VM
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3750
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3751 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3752
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3753 @item Author
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3754 @email{kyle_jones@@wonderworks.com, Kyle Jones}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3755
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3756 @item Latest version
50954
e6cae6d37bc9 Update VM version.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50791
diff changeset
3757 7.15
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3758
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3759 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3760 @uref{ftp://ftp.wonderworks.com/pub/vm/vm.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3761
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3762 @item Informational newsgroup
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3763 @uref{news:gnu.emacs.vm.info}@*
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3764
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3765 @item Bug reports newsgroup
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3766 @uref{news:gnu.emacs.vm.bug}@*
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3767 Or send reports to @email{bug-vm@@wonderworks.com}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3768 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3769
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3770 VM 7 works well with Emacs 21. Older versions of VM suitable for use
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3771 with older versions of Emacs are available from
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3772 @uref{ftp://ftp.wonderworks.com/pub/vm/, the same FTP site}.
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3773
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3774
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3775 @node Supercite, Calc, VM, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3776 @section Supercite --- mail and news citation package within Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3777 @cindex Supercite
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3778 @cindex Superyank
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3779 @cindex Mail and news citations
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3780 @cindex News and mail citations
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3781 @cindex Citations in mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3782
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3783 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3784
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3785 @item Author
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3786 @email{barry@@python.org, Barry Warsaw}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3787
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3788 @item Latest version
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3789 3.54 (comes bundled with Emacs since version 20)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3790
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3791 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3792 @uref{http://www.python.org/emacs/supercite.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3793
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3794 @item Mailing list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3795 Subscription requests to @email{supercite-request@@python.org}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3796 Submissions @email{supercite@@python.org}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3797
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3798 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3799
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3800 Superyank is an old version of Supercite.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3801
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3802 @node Calc, VIPER, Supercite, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3803 @section Calc --- poor man's Mathematica within Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3804 @cindex Programmable calculator
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3805 @cindex Calc
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3806 @cindex Mathematical package
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3807
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3808 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3809
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3810 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3811 @email{daveg@@csvax.cs.caltech.edu, Dave Gillespie}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3812
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3813 @item Latest version
67543
afe4c3f8dfeb (Calc): Update the version number.
Jay Belanger <jay.p.belanger@gmail.com>
parents: 67483
diff changeset
3814 2.1 (part of Emacs since version 22.1)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3815
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3816 @item Distribution
56757
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3817 No separate distribution outside of Emacs. Older versions
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3818 are available at @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/calc/}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3819
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3820 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3821
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3822 Note that Calc 2.02f needs patching to work with Emacs 21 and later.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3823
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3824 @cindex @code{calculator}, a package
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3825 Emacs 21.1 and later comes with a package called @file{calculator.el}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3826 It doesn't support all the mathematical wizardry offered by Calc, such
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3827 as matrices, special functions, and statistics, but is more than
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3828 adequate as a replacement for @code{xcalc} and similar programs.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3829
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3830 @node VIPER, AUCTeX, Calc, Major packages and programs
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3831 @section VIPER --- @code{vi} emulation for Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3832 @cindex @code{vi} emulation
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3833 @cindex VIPER
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3834 @cindex Emulation of @code{vi}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3835
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3836 Since Emacs 19.29, the preferred @code{vi} emulation in Emacs is VIPER
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3837 (@kbd{M-x viper-mode @key{RET}}), which comes with Emacs. It extends
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3838 and supersedes VIP (including VIP 4.3) and provides @code{vi} emulation
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3839 at several levels, from one that closely follows @code{vi} to one that
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3840 departs from @code{vi} in several significant ways.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3841
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3842 For Emacs 19.28 and earlier, the following version of VIP is generally
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3843 better than the one distributed with Emacs:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3844
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3845 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3846 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3847 @email{sane@@cs.uiuc.edu, Aamod Sane}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3848
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3849 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3850 4.3
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3851
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3852 @item Distribution
48785
08b94ecd1d08 Fix URLs.
Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz>
parents: 47737
diff changeset
3853 @uref{ftp://archive.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/emacs-lisp/old-archive/modes/vip-mode.tar.Z}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3854
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3855 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3856
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3857 @node AUCTeX, BBDB, VIPER, Major packages and programs
56757
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3858 @section AUC@TeX{} --- enhanced @TeX{} modes with debugging facilities
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3859 @cindex Mode for @TeX{}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3860 @cindex @TeX{} mode
56757
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3861 @cindex AUC@TeX{} mode for editing @TeX{}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3862 @cindex Writing and debugging @TeX{}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3863
56757
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3864 AUC@TeX{} is a set of sophisticated major modes for @TeX{}, LaTeX,
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3865 ConTeXt, and Texinfo offering context-sensitive syntax highlighting,
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3866 indentation, formatting and folding, macro completion, @TeX{} shell
67691
5e3db5999d74 (AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 67576
diff changeset
3867 functionality, and debugging. Be also sure to check out
5e3db5999d74 (AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 67576
diff changeset
3868 @ref{Introduction, RefTeX, Introduction, reftex, Ref@TeX{} User Manual}.
5e3db5999d74 (AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 67576
diff changeset
3869 Current versions of AUC@TeX{} include the
5e3db5999d74 (AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 67576
diff changeset
3870 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/auctex/preview-latex,preview-latex}
5e3db5999d74 (AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 67576
diff changeset
3871 package for WYSIWYG previews of various LaTeX constructs in the Emacs
5e3db5999d74 (AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 67576
diff changeset
3872 source buffer.
56757
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3873
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3874 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3875
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3876 @item Authors
56757
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3877 @email{krab@@iesd.auc.dk, Kresten Krab Thorup}, @*
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3878 @email{abraham@@dina.kvl.dk, Per Abrahamsen}, @* and others.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3879
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3880 @item Maintainer
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3881 @email{dak@@gnu.org, David Kastrup}
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3882
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3883 @item Latest version
67691
5e3db5999d74 (AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 67576
diff changeset
3884 11.82
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3885
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3886 @item Distribution
56757
dc7deb7ca051 * reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 56279
diff changeset
3887 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/auctex/}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3888
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3889 @item Web site
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3890 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/auctex/}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3891
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3892 @item Mailing list:
67691
5e3db5999d74 (AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 67576
diff changeset
3893 Subscription requests to @email{auctex-request@@gnu.org}@*
5e3db5999d74 (AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents: 67576
diff changeset
3894 Submissions to @email{auctex@@gnu.org}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3895
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3896 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3897
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3898 @node BBDB, Ispell, AUCTeX, Major packages and programs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3899 @section BBDB --- personal Info Rolodex integrated with mail/news readers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3900 @cindex BBDB
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3901 @cindex Rolodex-like functionality
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3902 @cindex Integrated contact database
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3903 @cindex Contact database
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3904 @cindex Big Brother Database
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3905 @cindex Address book
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3906
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3907 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3908
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3909 @item Maintainer
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3910 @email{waider@@waider.ie, Ronan Waide}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3911
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3912 @item Latest version
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3913 2.34
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3914
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3915 @item Distribution
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3916 @uref{http://bbdb.sourceforge.net/}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3917
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3918 @item Mailing lists
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3919 Subscription requests to @email{bbdb-info-request@@lists.sourceforge.net}@*
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3920 Submissions to @email{bbdb-info@@lists.sourceforge.net}@*
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3921 Release announcements: @email{bbdb-announce-request@@lists.sourceforge.net}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3922
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3923 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3924
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3925 @node Ispell, w3-mode, BBDB, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3926 @section Ispell --- spell checker in C with interface for Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3927 @cindex Spell-checker
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3928 @cindex Checking spelling
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3929 @cindex Ispell
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3930
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3931 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3932
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3933 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3934 @email{geoff@@itcorp.com, Geoff Kuenning}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3935
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3936 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3937 3.1.20
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3938
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3939 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3940 @uref{ftp://ftp.cs.ucla.edu/pub/ispell/ispell-3.1.20.tar.gz}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3941
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3942 @item Web site
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3943 @uref{http://fmg-www.cs.ucla.edu/geoff/ispell.html}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3944
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3945 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3946
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3947 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3948
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3949 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3950 Do not ask Geoff to send you the latest version of Ispell. He does not
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3951 have free e-mail.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3952
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3953 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3954 This Ispell program is distinct from GNU Ispell 4.0. GNU Ispell 4.0 is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3955 no longer a supported product.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3956
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3957 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3958
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3959 @node w3-mode, EDB, Ispell, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3960 @section w3-mode --- A World Wide Web browser inside of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3961 @cindex WWW browser
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3962 @cindex Web browser
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3963 @cindex HTML browser in Emacs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3964 @cindex @code{w3-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3965
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3966 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3967
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3968 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3969 @email{wmperry@@spry.com, Bill Perry}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3970
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3971 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3972 4.0pre.39
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3973
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3974 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3975 @uref{ftp://ftp.cs.indiana.edu/pub/elisp/w3/w3.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3976
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3977 @item Mailing lists
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3978 Receive announcements from @email{w3-announce-request@@indiana.edu}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3979 Become a beta tester at @email{w3-beta-request@@indiana.edu}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3980 Help to develop @code{w3-mode} at @email{w3-dev@@indiana.edu}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3981
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3982 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3983
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3984 @node EDB, Mailcrypt, w3-mode, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3985 @section EDB --- Database program for Emacs; replaces forms editing modes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3986 @cindex EDB
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3987 @cindex Database
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3988 @cindex Forms mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3989
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3990 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3991 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3992 @email{mernst@@theory.lcs.mit.edu, Michael Ernst}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3993
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3994 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3995 1.21
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3996
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3997 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3998 @uref{ftp://theory.lcs.mit.edu/pub/emacs/edb}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3999
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4000 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4001
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4002 @node Mailcrypt, JDE, EDB, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4003 @section Mailcrypt --- PGP interface within Emacs mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4004 @cindex PGP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4005 @cindex GPG
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4006 @cindex Interface to PGP from Emacs mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4007 @cindex News, interface to PGP from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4008 @cindex Mail, interface to PGP from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4009 @cindex Encryption software, interface to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4010
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4011 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4012
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4013 @item Authors
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4014 @email{patl@@lcs.mit.edu, Patrick J. LoPresti} and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4015 @email{jin@@atype.com, Jin S. Choi}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4016
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4017 @item Maintainer
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4018 @email{warner-mailcrypt@@lothar.com, Brian Warner}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4019
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4020 @item Latest version
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4021 3.5.8
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4022
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4023 @item Distribution
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4024 @uref{http://dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/mailcrypt/mailcrypt-3.5.8.tar.gz}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4025
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4026 @item Web site
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4027 @uref{http://mailcrypt.sourceforge.net/}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4028
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4029 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4030
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4031 @node JDE, Patch, Mailcrypt, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4032 @section JDE --- Integrated development environment for Java
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4033 @cindex Java development environment
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4034 @cindex Integrated Java development environment
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4035 @cindex JDE
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4036
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4037 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4038
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4039 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4040 @email{paulk@@mathworks.com, Paul Kinnucan}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4041
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4042 @item Mailing list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4043 jde-subscribe@@sunsite.auc.dk
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4044
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4045 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4046 2.1.1
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4047
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4048 @item Web site
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4049 @uref{http://sunsite.auc.dk/jde/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4050
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4051 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4052
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4053 @node Patch, , JDE, Major packages and programs
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
4054 @section Patch --- program to apply ``diffs'' for updating files
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4055 @cindex Updating files with diffs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4056 @cindex Patching source files with diffs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4057 @cindex Diffs and patching
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4058 @cindex @file{patch}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4059
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4060 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4061
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4062 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4063 @email{lwall@@wall.org, Larry Wall} (with GNU modifications)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4064
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4065 @item Latest version
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4066 2.5.4
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4067
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4068 @item Distribution
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
4069 @xref{Current GNU distributions}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4070
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4071 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4072
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4073 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4074 @node Key bindings, Alternate character sets, Major packages and programs, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4075 @chapter Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4076 @cindex Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4077
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4078 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4079 * Binding keys to commands::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4080 * Invalid prefix characters::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4081 * Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4082 * Using function keys under X::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4083 * Working with function and arrow keys::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4084 * X key translations for Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4085 * Handling C-s and C-q with flow control::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4086 * Binding C-s and C-q::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4087 * Backspace invokes help::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4088 * stty and Backspace key::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4089 * Swapping keys::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4090 * Producing C-XXX with the keyboard::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4091 * No Meta key::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4092 * No Escape key::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4093 * Compose Character::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4094 * Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4095 * Meta key does not work in xterm::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4096 * ExtendChar key does not work as Meta::
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4097 * SPC no longer completes file names::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4098 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4099
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4100 @node Binding keys to commands, Invalid prefix characters, Key bindings, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4101 @section How do I bind keys (including function keys) to commands?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4102 @cindex Binding keys to commands
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4103 @cindex Keys, binding to commands
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4104 @cindex Commands, binding keys to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4105
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4106 Keys can be bound to commands either interactively or in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4107 @file{.emacs} file. To interactively bind keys for all modes, type
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4108 @kbd{M-x global-set-key @key{RET} @var{key} @var{cmd} @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4109
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4110 To bind a key just in the current major mode, type @kbd{M-x
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4111 local-set-key @key{RET} @var{key} @var{cmd} @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4112
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4113 @inforef{Key Bindings, Key Bindings, emacs}, for further details.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4114
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4115 To make the process of binding keys interactively easier, use the
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4116 following ``trick'': First bind the key interactively, then immediately
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4117 type @kbd{C-x @key{ESC} @key{ESC} C-a C-k C-g}. Now, the command needed
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4118 to bind the key is in the kill ring, and can be yanked into your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4119 @file{.emacs} file. If the key binding is global, no changes to the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4120 command are required. For example,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4121
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4122 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4123 (global-set-key (quote [f1]) (quote help-for-help))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4124 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4125
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4126 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4127 can be placed directly into the @file{.emacs} file. If the key binding is
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
4128 local, the command is used in conjunction with the @samp{add-hook} function.
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
4129 For example, in TeX mode, a local binding might be
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4130
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4131 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4132 (add-hook 'tex-mode-hook
28344
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4133 (lambda ()
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4134 (local-set-key (quote [f1]) (quote help-for-help))))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4135 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4136
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4137
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4138 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4139
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4140 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4141 Control characters in key sequences, in the form yanked from the kill
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4142 ring are given in their graphic form---i.e., @key{CTRL} is shown as
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4143 @samp{^}, @key{TAB} as a set of spaces (usually 8), etc. You may want
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4144 to convert these into their vector or string forms.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4145
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4146 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4147 If a prefix key of the character sequence to be bound is already
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4148 bound as a complete key, then you must unbind it before the new
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4149 binding. For example, if @kbd{ESC @{} is previously bound:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4150
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4151 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4152 (global-unset-key [?\e ?@{]) ;; or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4153 (local-unset-key [?\e ?@{])
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4154 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4155
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4156 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4157 Aside from commands and ``lambda lists,'' a vector or string also
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4158 can be bound to a key and thus treated as a macro. For example:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4159
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4160 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4161 (global-set-key [f10] [?\C-x?\e?\e?\C-a?\C-k?\C-g]) ;; or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4162 (global-set-key [f10] "\C-x\e\e\C-a\C-k\C-g")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4163 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4164
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4165 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4166
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4167 @node Invalid prefix characters, Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun, Binding keys to commands, Key bindings
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
4168 @section Why does Emacs say @samp{Key sequence XXX uses invalid prefix characters}?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4169 @cindex Prefix characters, invalid
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4170 @cindex Invalid prefix characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4171 @cindex Misspecified key sequences
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4172
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4173 Usually, one of two things has happened. In one case, the control
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4174 character in the key sequence has been misspecified (e.g. @samp{C-f}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4175 used instead of @samp{\C-f} within a Lisp expression). In the other
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4176 case, a @dfn{prefix key} in the keystroke sequence you were trying to bind
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4177 was already bound as a @dfn{complete key}. Historically, the @samp{ESC [}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4178 prefix was usually the problem, in which case you should evaluate either
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4179 of these forms before attempting to bind the key sequence:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4180
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4181 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4182 (global-unset-key [?\e ?[]) ;; or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4183 (global-unset-key "\e[")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4184 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4185
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4186 @node Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun, Using function keys under X, Invalid prefix characters, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4187 @section Why doesn't this [terminal or window-system setup] code work in my @file{.emacs} file, but it works just fine after Emacs starts up?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4188 @cindex Terminal setup code in @file{.emacs}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4189
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4190 During startup, Emacs initializes itself according to a given code/file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4191 order. If some of the code executed in your @file{.emacs} file needs to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4192 be postponed until the initial terminal or window-system setup code has
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4193 been executed but is not, then you will experience this problem (this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4194 code/file execution order is not enforced after startup).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4195
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4196 To postpone the execution of Emacs Lisp code until after terminal or
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4197 window-system setup, treat the code as a @dfn{lambda list} and set the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4198 value of either the @code{term-setup-hook} or @code{window-setup-hook}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4199 variable to this lambda function. For example,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4200
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4201 @lisp
28344
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4202 (add-hook 'term-setup-hook
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4203 (lambda ()
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4204 (when (string-match "\\`vt220" (or (getenv "TERM") ""))
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4205 ;; Make vt220's "Do" key behave like M-x:
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4206 (global-set-key [do] 'execute-extended-command))))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4207 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4208
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4209 For information on what Emacs does every time it is started, see the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4210 @file{lisp/startup.el} file.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4211
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4212 @node Using function keys under X, Working with function and arrow keys, Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun, Key bindings
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
4213 @section How do I use function keys under X?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4214 @cindex Function keys
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
4215 @cindex X Window System and function keys
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4216 @cindex Binding function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4217
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
4218 With Emacs 19, functions keys under X are bound like any other key. @xref{Binding keys to commands}, for details.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4219
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4220 @node Working with function and arrow keys, X key translations for Emacs, Using function keys under X, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4221 @section How do I tell what characters or symbols my function or arrow keys emit?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4222 @cindex Working with arrow keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4223 @cindex Arrow keys, symbols generated by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4224 @cindex Working with function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4225 @cindex Function keys, symbols generated by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4226 @cindex Symbols generated by function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4227
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4228 Type @kbd{C-h c} then the function or arrow keys. The command will
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4229 return either a function key symbol or character sequence (see the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4230 Emacs on-line documentation for an explanation). This works for other
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4231 keys as well.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4232
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4233 @node X key translations for Emacs, Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Working with function and arrow keys, Key bindings
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4234 @section How do I set the X key ``translations'' for Emacs?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4235 @cindex X key translations
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4236 @cindex Key translations under X
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4237 @cindex Translations for keys under X
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4238
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4239 Emacs is not written using the Xt library by default, so there are no
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4240 ``translations'' to be set. (We aren't sure how to set such translations
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4241 if you do build Emacs with Xt; please let us know if you've done this!)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4242
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4243 The only way to affect the behavior of keys within Emacs is through
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4244 @code{xmodmap} (outside Emacs) or @code{define-key} (inside Emacs). The
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4245 @code{define-key} command should be used in conjunction with the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4246 @code{function-key-map} map. For instance,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4247
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4248 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4249 (define-key function-key-map [M-@key{TAB}] [?\M-\t])
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4250 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4251
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4252 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4253 defines the @kbd{M-@key{TAB}} key sequence.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4254
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4255 @node Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q, X key translations for Emacs, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4256 @section How do I handle @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} being used for flow control?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4257 @cindex Flow control, @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4258 @cindex @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} with flow control
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4259
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4260 @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} are used in the XON/XOFF flow control protocol.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4261 This messes things up when you're using Emacs over a serial line,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4262 because Emacs binds these keys to commands by default. Because Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4263 won't honor them as flow control characters, too many of these
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4264 characters are not passed on and overwhelm output buffers. Sometimes,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4265 intermediate software using XON/XOFF flow control will prevent Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4266 from ever seeing @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4267
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4268 Possible solutions:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4269
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4270 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4271
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4272 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4273 Disable the use of @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} for flow control.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4274
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4275 You need to determine the cause of the flow control.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4276
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4277 @itemize @minus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4278
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4279 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4280 your terminal
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4281
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4282 Your terminal may use XON/XOFF flow control to have time to display
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4283 all the characters it receives. For example, VT series terminals do
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4284 this. It may be possible to turn this off from a setup menu. For
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4285 example, on a VT220 you may select ``No XOFF'' in the setup menu. This
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4286 is also true for some terminal emulation programs on PCs.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4287
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4288 When you turn off flow control at the terminal, you will also need to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4289 turn it off at the other end, which might be at the computer you are
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4290 logged in to or at some terminal server in between.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4291
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4292 If you turn off flow control, characters may be lost; using a printer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4293 connected to the terminal may fail. You may be able to get around
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4294 this problem by modifying the @samp{termcap} entry for your terminal to
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4295 include extra NUL padding characters.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4296
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4297 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4298 a modem
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4299
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4300 If you are using a dialup connection, the modems may be using
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4301 XON/XOFF flow control. It's not clear how to get around this.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4302
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4303 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4304 a router or terminal server
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4305
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4306 Some network box between the terminal and your computer may be using
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4307 XON/XOFF flow control. It may be possible to make it use some other
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4308 kind of flow control. You will probably have to ask your local
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4309 network experts for help with this.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4310
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4311 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4312 @code{tty} and/or @code{pty} devices
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4313
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4314 If your connection to Emacs goes through multiple @code{tty} and/or
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4315 @code{pty} devices, they may be using XON/XOFF flow control even when it
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4316 is not necessary.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4317
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4318 @email{eirik@@theory.tn.cornell.edu, Eirik Fuller} writes:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4319
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4320 @quotation
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4321 Some versions of @code{rlogin} (and possibly @code{telnet}) do not pass
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4322 flow control characters to the remote system to which they connect. On
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4323 such systems, Emacs on the remote system cannot disable flow control on
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4324 the local system. Sometimes @samp{rlogin -8} will avoid this problem.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4325
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4326 One way to cure this is to disable flow control on the local host (the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4327 one running @code{rlogin}, not the one running @code{rlogind}) using the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4328 @code{stty} command, before starting the @code{rlogin} process. On many
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4329 systems, @samp{stty start u stop u} will do this.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4330
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4331 Some versions of @samp{tcsh} will prevent even this from working. One
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4332 way around this is to start another shell before starting rlogin,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4333 and issue the @samp{stty} command to disable flow control from that shell.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4334 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4335
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4336 Use @samp{stty -ixon} instead of @samp{stty start u stop u} on some systems.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4337
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4338 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4339
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4340 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4341 Make Emacs speak the XON/XOFF flow control protocol.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4342
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4343 You can make Emacs treat @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} as flow control characters by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4344 evaluating the form
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4345
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4346 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4347 (enable-flow-control)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4348 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4349
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4350 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4351 to unconditionally enable flow control or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4352
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4353 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4354 (enable-flow-control-on "vt100" "h19")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4355 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4356
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4357 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4358 (using your terminal names instead of @samp{vt100} or @samp{h19}) to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4359 enable selectively. These commands will automatically swap @kbd{C-s}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4360 and @kbd{C-q} to @kbd{C-\} and @kbd{C-^}. Variables can be used to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4361 change the default swap keys (@code{flow-control-c-s-replacement} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4362 @code{flow-control-c-q-replacement}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4363
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4364 If you are fixing this for yourself, simply put the form in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4365 @file{.emacs} file. If you are fixing this for your entire site, the
37597
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4366 best place to put it is in the @file{site-lisp/site-start.el} file.
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4367 (Here @file{site-lisp} is actually a subdirectory of your Emacs
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4368 installation directory, typically @file{/usr/local/share/emacs}.)
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4369 Putting this form in @file{site-lisp/default.el} has the problem that
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4370 if the user's @file{.emacs} file has an error, this will prevent
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4371 @file{default.el} from being loaded and Emacs may be unusable for the
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4372 user, even for correcting their @file{.emacs} file (unless they're
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4373 smart enough to move it to another name).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4374
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4375 @code{enable-flow-control} can be invoked interactively as well:
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4376 @kbd{M-x enable-flow-control @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4377
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4378 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4379
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4380 For further discussion of this issue, read the file @file{etc/PROBLEMS}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4381 (in the Emacs source directory when you unpack the Emacs distribution).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4382
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4383 @node Binding C-s and C-q, Backspace invokes help, Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4384 @section How do I bind @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} (or any key) if these keys are filtered out?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4385 @cindex Binding @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4386 @cindex @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}, binding
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4387
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4388 To bind @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}, use either @code{enable-flow-control}
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4389 or @code{enable-flow-control-on}. @xref{Handling C-s and C-q with flow
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
4390 control}, for usage and implementation details.
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
4391
37597
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4392 To bind other keys, use @code{keyboard-translate}. @xref{Swapping
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4393 keys}, for usage details. To do this for an entire site, you should
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4394 swap the keys in @file{site-lisp/site-start.el}. @xref{Handling C-s
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4395 and C-q with flow control}, for an explanation of why
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4396 @file{site-lisp/default.el} should not be used.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4397
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4398 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4399
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4400 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4401 If you do this for an entire site, the users will be confused by
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4402 the disparity between what the documentation says and how Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4403 actually behaves.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4404
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4405 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4406
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4407 @node Backspace invokes help, stty and Backspace key, Binding C-s and C-q, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4408 @section Why does the @key{Backspace} key invoke help?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4409 @cindex Backspace key invokes help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4410 @cindex Help invoked by Backspace
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4411 @cindex DEL key does not delete
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4412
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
4413 The @key{Backspace} key (on most keyboards) generates @acronym{ASCII} code 8.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4414 @kbd{C-h} sends the same code. In Emacs by default @kbd{C-h} invokes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4415 help-command. This is intended to be easy to remember since the first
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4416 letter of @samp{help} is @samp{h}. The easiest solution to this problem
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4417 is to use @kbd{C-h} (and @key{Backspace}) for help and @key{DEL} (the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4418 @key{Delete} key) for deleting the previous character.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4419
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4420 For many people this solution may be problematic:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4421
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4422 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4423
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4424 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4425 They normally use @key{Backspace} outside of Emacs for deleting the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4426 previous character. This can be solved by making @key{DEL} the command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4427 for deleting the previous character outside of Emacs. On many Unix
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4428 systems, this command will remap @key{DEL}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4429
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4430 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4431 stty erase `^?'
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4432 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4433
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4434 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4435 The user may prefer the @key{Backspace} key for deleting the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4436 previous character because it is more conveniently located on their
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4437 keyboard or because they don't even have a separate @key{Delete} key.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4438 In this case, the @key{Backspace} key should be made to behave like
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4439 @key{Delete}. There are several methods.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4440
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4441 @itemize @minus
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4442 @item
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4443 Some terminals (e.g., VT3## terminals) and terminal emulators (e.g.,
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4444 TeraTerm) allow the character generated by the @key{Backspace} key to be
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4445 changed from a setup menu.
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4446
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4447 @item
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4448 You may be able to get a keyboard that is completely programmable, or a
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4449 terminal emulator that supports remapping of any key to any other key.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4450
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4451 @item
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4452 With Emacs 21.1 and later, you can control the effect of the
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4453 @key{Backspace} and @key{Delete} keys, on both dumb terminals and a
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4454 windowed displays, by customizing the option
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4455 @code{normal-erase-is-backspace-mode}, or by invoking @kbd{M-x
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4456 normal-erase-is-backspace}. See the documentation of these symbols
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4457 (@pxref{Emacs Lisp documentation}) for more info.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4458
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4459 @item
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4460 It is possible to swap the @key{Backspace} and @key{DEL} keys inside
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4461 Emacs:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4462
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4463 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4464 (keyboard-translate ?\C-h ?\C-?)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4465 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4466
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4467 @noindent
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4468 This is the recommended method of forcing @key{Backspace} to act as
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4469 @key{DEL}, because it works even in modes which bind @key{DEL} to
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4470 something other than @code{delete-backward-char}.
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4471
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4472 Similarly, you could remap @key{DEL} to act as @kbd{C-d}, which by
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4473 default deletes forward:
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4474
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4475 @lisp
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4476 (keyboard-translate ?\C-? ?\C-d)
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4477 @end lisp
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4478
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4479 @xref{Swapping keys}, for further details about @code{keyboard-translate}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4480
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4481 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4482 Another approach is to switch key bindings and put help on @kbd{C-x h}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4483 instead:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4484
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4485 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4486 (global-set-key "\C-h" 'delete-backward-char)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4487
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4488 ;;; overrides mark-whole-buffer
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4489 (global-set-key "\C-xh" 'help-command)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4490 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4491
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4492 @noindent
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4493 This method is not recommended, though: it only solves the problem for
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4494 those modes which bind @key{DEL} to @code{delete-backward-char}. Modes
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4495 which bind @key{DEL} to something else, such as @code{view-mode}, will
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4496 not work as you expect when you press the @key{Backspace} key. For this
42674
19880a4faa73 Fix typo.
Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz>
parents: 40705
diff changeset
4497 reason, we recommend the @code{keyboard-translate} method, shown
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4498 above.
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4499
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4500 Other popular key bindings for help are @kbd{M-?} and @kbd{C-x ?}.
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4501 @end itemize
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4502
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4503 Don't try to bind @key{DEL} to @code{help-command}, because there are
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4504 many modes that have local bindings of @key{DEL} that will interfere.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4505
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4506 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4507
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4508 When Emacs 21 or later runs on a windowed display, it binds the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4509 @key{Delete} key to a command which deletes the character at point, to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4510 make Emacs more consistent with keyboard operation on these systems.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4511
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4512 For more information about troubleshooting this problem, see @ref{DEL
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4513 Does Not Delete, , If @key{DEL} Fails to Delete, emacs, The GNU Emacs
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4514 Manual}.
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4515
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4516 @node stty and Backspace key, Swapping keys, Backspace invokes help, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4517 @section Why doesn't Emacs look at the @file{stty} settings for @key{Backspace} vs. @key{Delete}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4518 @cindex @file{stty} and Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4519 @cindex Backspace and @file{stty}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4520 @cindex Delete and @file{stty}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4521
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4522 Good question!
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4523
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4524 @c FIXME: RMS explained the reasons for this on emacs-hackers. It's
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4525 @c probably worth putting that explanation here.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4526
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4527 @node Swapping keys, Producing C-XXX with the keyboard, stty and Backspace key, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4528 @section How do I swap two keys?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4529 @cindex Swapping keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4530 @cindex Keys, swapping
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4531 @cindex @code{keyboard-translate}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4532
65032
863e660c91bd (Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64917
diff changeset
4533 You can swap two keys (or key sequences) by using the
863e660c91bd (Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64917
diff changeset
4534 @code{keyboard-translate} function. For example, to turn @kbd{C-h}
863e660c91bd (Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64917
diff changeset
4535 into @key{DEL} and @key{DEL} to @kbd{C-h}, use
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4536
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4537 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4538 (keyboard-translate ?\C-h ?\C-?) ; translate `C-h' to DEL
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4539 (keyboard-translate ?\C-? ?\C-h) ; translate DEL to `C-h'.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4540 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4541
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4542 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4543 The first key sequence of the pair after the function identifies what is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4544 produced by the keyboard; the second, what is matched for in the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4545 keymaps.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4546
65032
863e660c91bd (Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64917
diff changeset
4547 However, in the specific case of @kbd{C-h} and @key{DEL}, you should
863e660c91bd (Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64917
diff changeset
4548 toggle @code{normal-erase-is-backspace-mode} instead of calling
66325
fda96ff4c7e5 * files.el (directory-listing-before-filename-regexp): New
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents: 65041
diff changeset
4549 @code{keyboard-translate}. @inforef{DEL Does Not Delete, DEL Does Not Delete,
65032
863e660c91bd (Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64917
diff changeset
4550 emacs}.
863e660c91bd (Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64917
diff changeset
4551
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4552 Keyboard translations are not the same as key bindings in keymaps.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4553 Emacs contains numerous keymaps that apply in different situations, but
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4554 there is only one set of keyboard translations, and it applies to every
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4555 character that Emacs reads from the terminal. Keyboard translations
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4556 take place at the lowest level of input processing; the keys that are
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4557 looked up in keymaps contain the characters that result from keyboard
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4558 translation.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4559
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4560 @node Producing C-XXX with the keyboard, No Meta key, Swapping keys, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4561 @section How do I produce C-XXX with my keyboard?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4562 @cindex Producing control characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4563 @cindex Generating control characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4564 @cindex Control characters, generating
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4565
56817
99e9271dee93 Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56802
diff changeset
4566 On terminals (but not under X), some common ``aliases'' are:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4567
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4568 @table @asis
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4569
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4570 @item @kbd{C-2} or @kbd{C-@key{SPC}}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4571 @kbd{C-@@}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4572
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4573 @item @kbd{C-6}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4574 @kbd{C-^}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4575
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4576 @item @kbd{C-7} or @kbd{C-S--}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4577 @kbd{C-_}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4578
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4579 @item @kbd{C-4}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4580 @kbd{C-\}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4581
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4582 @item @kbd{C-5}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4583 @kbd{C-]}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4584
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4585 @item @kbd{C-/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4586 @kbd{C-?}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4587
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4588 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4589
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4590 Often other aliases exist; use the @kbd{C-h c} command and try
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4591 @key{CTRL} with all of the digits on your keyboard to see what gets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4592 generated. You can also try the @kbd{C-h w} command if you know the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4593 name of the command.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4594
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4595 @node No Meta key, No Escape key, Producing C-XXX with the keyboard, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4596 @section What if I don't have a @key{Meta} key?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4597 @cindex No @key{Meta} key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4598 @cindex @key{Meta} key, what to do if you lack it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4599
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4600 On many keyboards, the @key{Alt} key acts as @key{Meta}, so try it.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4601
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4602 Instead of typing @kbd{M-a}, you can type @kbd{@key{ESC} a}. In fact,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4603 Emacs converts @kbd{M-a} internally into @kbd{@key{ESC} a} anyway
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4604 (depending on the value of @code{meta-prefix-char}). Note that you
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4605 press @key{Meta} and @key{a} together, but with @key{ESC}, you press
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4606 @key{ESC}, release it, and then press @key{a}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4607
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4608 @node No Escape key, Compose Character, No Meta key, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4609 @section What if I don't have an @key{Escape} key?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4610 @cindex No Escape key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4611 @cindex Lacking an Escape key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4612 @cindex Escape key, lacking
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4613
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
4614 Type @kbd{C-[} instead. This should send @acronym{ASCII} code 27 just like an
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4615 Escape key would. @kbd{C-3} may also work on some terminal (but not
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4616 under X). For many terminals (notably DEC terminals) @key{F11}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4617 generates @key{ESC}. If not, the following form can be used to bind it:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4618
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4619 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4620 ;;; F11 is the documented ESC replacement on DEC terminals.
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4621 (define-key function-key-map [f11] [?\e])
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4622 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4623
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4624 @node Compose Character, Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys, No Escape key, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4625 @section Can I make my @key{Compose Character} key behave like a @key{Meta} key?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4626 @cindex @key{Compose Character} key, using as @key{Meta}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4627 @cindex @key{Meta}, using @key{Compose Character} for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4628
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4629 On a dumb terminal such as a VT220, no. It is rumored that certain
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4630 VT220 clones could have their @key{Compose} key configured this way. If
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4631 you're using X, you might be able to do this with the @code{xmodmap}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4632 command.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4633
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4634 @node Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys, Meta key does not work in xterm, Compose Character, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4635 @section How do I bind a combination of modifier key and function key?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4636 @cindex Modifiers and function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4637 @cindex Function keys and modifiers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4638 @cindex Binding modifiers and function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4639
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4640 With Emacs 19 and later, you can represent modified function keys in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4641 vector format by adding prefixes to the function key symbol. For
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4642 example (from the on-line documentation):
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4643
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4644 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4645 (global-set-key [?\C-x right] 'forward-page)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4646 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4647
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4648 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4649 where @samp{?\C-x} is the Lisp character constant for the character @kbd{C-x}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4650
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4651 You can use the modifier keys @key{Control}, @key{Meta}, @key{Hyper},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4652 @key{Super}, @key{Alt}, and @key{Shift} with function keys. To
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4653 represent these modifiers, prepend the strings @samp{C-}, @samp{M-},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4654 @samp{H-}, @samp{s-}, @samp{A-}, and @samp{S-} to the symbol name. Here
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4655 is how to make @kbd{H-M-RIGHT} move forward a word:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4656
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4657 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4658 (global-set-key [H-M-right] 'forward-word)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4659 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4660
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4661 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4662
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4663 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4664 Not all modifiers are permitted in all situations. @key{Hyper},
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4665 @key{Super}, and @key{Alt} are not available on Unix character
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
4666 terminals. Non-@acronym{ASCII} keys and mouse events (e.g. @kbd{C-=} and
36515
9df3f07f2643 Fix case convention for mouse click.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36383
diff changeset
4667 @kbd{Mouse-1}) also fall under this category.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4668
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4669 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4670
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
4671 @xref{Binding keys to commands}, for general key binding instructions.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4672
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4673 @node Meta key does not work in xterm, ExtendChar key does not work as Meta, Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys, Key bindings
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4674 @section Why doesn't my @key{Meta} key work in an @code{xterm} window?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4675 @cindex @key{Meta} key and @code{xterm}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4676 @cindex Xterm and @key{Meta} key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4677
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4678 @inforef{Single-Byte Character Support, Single-Byte Character Set
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4679 Support, emacs}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4680
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4681 If the advice in the Emacs manual fails, try all of these methods before
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4682 asking for further help:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4683
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4684 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4685
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4686 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4687 You may have big problems using @code{mwm} as your window manager.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4688 (Does anyone know a good generic solution to allow the use of the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4689 @key{Meta} key in Emacs with @file{mwm}?)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4690
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4691 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4692 For X11: Make sure it really is a @key{Meta} key. Use @code{xev} to
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4693 find out what keysym your @key{Meta} key generates. It should be either
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
4694 @code{Meta_L} or @code{Meta_R}. If it isn't, use @file{xmodmap} to fix
39551
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4695 the situation. If @key{Meta} does generate @code{Meta_L} or
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
4696 @code{Meta_R}, but @kbd{M-x} produces a non-@acronym{ASCII} character, put this in
39551
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4697 your @file{~/.Xdefaults} file:
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4698
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4699 @example
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4700 XTerm*eightBitInput: false
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4701 XTerm*eightBitOutput: true
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4702 @end example
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4703
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4704 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4705 Make sure the @code{pty} the @code{xterm} is using is passing 8 bit
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4706 characters. @samp{stty -a} (or @samp{stty everything}) should show
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4707 @samp{cs8} somewhere. If it shows @samp{cs7} instead, use @samp{stty
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4708 cs8 -istrip} (or @samp{stty pass8}) to fix it.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4709
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4710 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4711 If there is an @code{rlogin} connection between @code{xterm} and Emacs, the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4712 @samp{-8} argument may need to be given to rlogin to make it pass all 8 bits
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4713 of every character.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4714
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4715 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4716 If Emacs is running on Ultrix, it is reported that evaluating
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4717 @code{(set-input-mode t nil)} helps.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4718
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4719 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4720 If all else fails, you can make @code{xterm} generate @kbd{@key{ESC} W} when
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4721 you type @kbd{M-W}, which is the same conversion Emacs would make if it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4722 got the @kbd{M-W} anyway. In X11R4, the following resource
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4723 specification will do this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4724
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4725 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4726 XTerm.VT100.EightBitInput: false
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4727 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4728
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4729 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4730 (This changes the behavior of the @code{insert-eight-bit} action.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4731
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4732 With older @code{xterm}s, you can specify this behavior with a translation:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4733
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4734 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4735 XTerm.VT100.Translations: #override \
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4736 Meta<KeyPress>: string(0x1b) insert()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4737 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4738
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4739 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4740 You might have to replace @samp{Meta} with @samp{Alt}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4741
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4742 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4743
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4744 @node ExtendChar key does not work as Meta, SPC no longer completes file names, Meta key does not work in xterm, Key bindings
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4745 @section Why doesn't my @key{ExtendChar} key work as a @key{Meta} key under HP-UX 8.0 and 9.x?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4746 @cindex @key{ExtendChar} key as @key{Meta}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4747 @cindex @key{Meta}, using @key{ExtendChar} for
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4748 @cindex HP-UX, the @key{ExtendChar} key
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4749
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4750 This is a result of an internationalization extension in X11R4 and the
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4751 fact that HP is now using this extension. Emacs assumes that the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4752 @code{XLookupString} function returns the same result regardless of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4753 @key{Meta} key state which is no longer necessarily true. Until Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4754 is fixed, the temporary kludge is to run this command after each time
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4755 the X server is started but preferably before any xterm clients are:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4756
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4757 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4758 xmodmap -e 'remove mod1 = Mode_switch'
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4759 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4760
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4761 @c FIXME: Emacs 21 supports I18N in X11; does that mean that this bug is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4762 @c solved?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4763
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4764 This will disable the use of the extra keysyms systemwide, which may be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4765 undesirable if you actually intend to use them.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4766
67483
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4767 @node SPC no longer completes file names, , ExtendChar key does not work as Meta, Key bindings
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4768 @section Why doesn't SPC complete file names anymore?
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4769 @cindex @kbd{SPC} file name completion
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4770
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4771 Starting with Emacs 22.1, @kbd{SPC} no longer completes file names in
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4772 the minibuffer, so that file names with embedded spaces could be typed
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4773 without the need to quote the spaces.
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4774
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4775 You can get the old behavior by binding @kbd{SPC} to
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4776 @code{minibuffer-complete-word} in the minibuffer, as follows:
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4777
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4778 @lisp
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4779 (define-key minibuffer-local-filename-completion-map (kbd "SPC")
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4780 'minibuffer-complete-word)
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4781
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4782 (define-key minibuffer-local-must-match-filename-map (kbd "SPC")
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4783 'minibuffer-complete-word)
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4784 @end lisp
b6000aca7291 Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66325
diff changeset
4785
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4786 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4787 @node Alternate character sets, Mail and news, Key bindings, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4788 @chapter Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4789 @cindex Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4790
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4791 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4792 * Emacs does not display 8-bit characters::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4793 * Inputting eight-bit characters::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4794 * Kanji and Chinese characters::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4795 * Right-to-left alphabets::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4796 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4797
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4798 @node Emacs does not display 8-bit characters, Inputting eight-bit characters, Alternate character sets, Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4799 @section How do I make Emacs display 8-bit characters?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4800 @cindex Displaying eight-bit characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4801 @cindex Eight-bit characters, displaying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4802
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4803 @inforef{Single-Byte Character Support, Single-byte Character Set
36842
654b53bab583 Change "character terminal" to "text-only terminal".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36515
diff changeset
4804 Support, emacs}. On a Unix, when Emacs runs on a text-only terminal
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4805 display or is invoked with @samp{emacs -nw}, you typically need to use
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4806 @code{set-terminal-coding-system} to tell Emacs what the terminal can
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4807 display, even after setting the language environment; otherwise
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
4808 non-@acronym{ASCII} characters will display as @samp{?}. On other operating
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4809 systems, such as MS-DOS and MS-Windows, Emacs queries the OS about the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4810 character set supported by the display, and sets up the required
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4811 terminal coding system automatically.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4812
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4813 @node Inputting eight-bit characters, Kanji and Chinese characters, Emacs does not display 8-bit characters, Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4814 @section How do I input eight-bit characters?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4815 @cindex Entering eight-bit characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4816 @cindex Eight-bit characters, entering
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4817 @cindex Input, 8-bit characters
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4818
28127
ce57565effde Fix copyright lines.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27352
diff changeset
4819 Various methods are available for input of eight-bit characters. See
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4820 @inforef{Single-Byte Character Support, Single-byte Character Set
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4821 Support, emacs}. For more sophisticated methods, @inforef{Input
28127
ce57565effde Fix copyright lines.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27352
diff changeset
4822 Methods, Input Methods, emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4823
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4824 @node Kanji and Chinese characters, Right-to-left alphabets, Inputting eight-bit characters, Alternate character sets
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4825 @section Where can I get an Emacs that handles kanji, Chinese, or other Far-Eastern character sets?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4826 @cindex Kanji, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4827 @cindex Chinese, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4828 @cindex Japanese, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4829 @cindex Korean, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4830
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4831 Emacs 20 and later includes many of the features of MULE, the MULtilingual
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4832 Enhancement to Emacs. @xref{Installing Emacs}, for information on where
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4833 to find and download the latest version of Emacs.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4834
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4835 @node Right-to-left alphabets, , Kanji and Chinese characters, Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4836 @section Where is an Emacs that can handle Semitic (right-to-left) alphabets?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4837 @cindex Right-to-left alphabets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4838 @cindex Hebrew, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4839 @cindex Semitic alphabets
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4840 @cindex Arabic alphabets
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4841
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4842 Emacs 20 and later supports Hebrew characters (ISO 8859-8), but does not
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4843 yet support right-to-left character entry and display.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4844
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4845 @email{joel@@exc.com, Joel M. Hoffman} has written a Lisp package called
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4846 @file{hebrew.el} that allows right-to-left editing of Hebrew. It
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4847 reportedly works out of the box with Emacs 19, but requires patches for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4848 Emacs 18. Write to Joel if you want the patches or package.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4849
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4850 @c FIXME: Should we mention Ehud Karni's package?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4851
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4852 @file{hebrew.el} requires a Hebrew screen font, but no other hardware support.
36515
9df3f07f2643 Fix case convention for mouse click.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36383
diff changeset
4853 Joel has a screen font for PCs running MS-DOS or GNU/Linux.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4854
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4855 You might also try to query archie for files named with @file{hebrew};
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4856 several ftp sites in Israel may also have the necessary files.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4857
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4858 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4859 @node Mail and news, Concept index, Alternate character sets, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4860 @chapter Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4861 @cindex Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4862
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4863 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4864 * Changing the included text prefix::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4865 * Saving a copy of outgoing mail::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4866 * Expanding aliases when sending mail::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4867 * Rmail thinks all messages are one big one::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4868 * Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4869 * Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4870 * Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4871 * Replying to the sender of a message::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4872 * MIME with Emacs mail packages::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4873 * Automatically starting a mail or news reader::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4874 * Reading news with Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4875 * Gnus does not work with NNTP::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4876 * Viewing articles with embedded underlining::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4877 * Saving a multi-part Gnus posting::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4878 * Starting Gnus faster::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4879 * Catching up in all newsgroups::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4880 * Killing based on nonstandard headers::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4881 * Removing flashing messages::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4882 * Catch-up is slow in Gnus::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4883 * Gnus hangs for a long time::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4884 * Learning more about Gnus::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4885 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4886
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4887 @node Changing the included text prefix, Saving a copy of outgoing mail, Mail and news, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4888 @section How do I change the included text prefix in mail/news followups?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4889 @cindex Prefix in mail/news followups, changing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4890 @cindex Included text prefix, changing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4891 @cindex Setting the included text character
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4892 @cindex Quoting in mail messages
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4893
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4894 If you read mail with Rmail or news with Gnus, set the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4895 @code{mail-yank-prefix}. For VM, set @code{vm-included-text-prefix}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4896 For mh-e, set @code{mh-ins-buf-prefix}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4897
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4898 For fancier control of citations, use Supercite. @xref{Supercite}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4899
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4900 To prevent Emacs from including various headers of the replied-to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4901 message, set the value of @code{mail-yank-ignored-headers} to an
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4902 appropriate regexp.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4903
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4904 @node Saving a copy of outgoing mail, Expanding aliases when sending mail, Changing the included text prefix, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4905 @section How do I save a copy of outgoing mail?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4906 @cindex Saving a copy of outgoing mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4907 @cindex Copying outgoing mail to a file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4908 @cindex Filing outgoing mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4909 @cindex Automatic filing of outgoing mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4910 @cindex Mail, saving outgoing automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4911
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4912 You can either mail yourself a copy by including a @samp{BCC} header in the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4913 mail message, or store a copy of the message directly to a file by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4914 including an @samp{FCC} header.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4915
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4916 If you use standard mail, you can automatically create a @samp{BCC} to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4917 yourself by putting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4918
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4919 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4920 (setq mail-self-blind t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4921 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4922
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4923 @noindent
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4924 in your @file{.emacs} file. You can automatically include an @samp{FCC}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4925 field by putting something like the following in your @file{.emacs}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4926 file:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4927
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4928 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4929 (setq mail-archive-file-name (expand-file-name "~/outgoing"))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4930 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4931
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4932 The output file will be in Unix mail format, which can be read directly
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4933 by VM, but not always by Rmail. @xref{Learning how to do something}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4934
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4935 If you use @code{mh-e}, add an @samp{FCC} or @samp{BCC} field to your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4936 components file.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4937
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4938 It does not work to put @samp{set record filename} in the @file{.mailrc}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4939 file.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4940
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4941 @node Expanding aliases when sending mail, Rmail thinks all messages are one big one, Saving a copy of outgoing mail, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4942 @section Why doesn't Emacs expand my aliases when sending mail?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4943 @cindex Expanding aliases when sending mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4944 @cindex Mail alias expansion
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4945 @cindex Sending mail with aliases
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4946
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4947 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4948
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4949 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4950 You must separate multiple addresses in the headers of the mail buffer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4951 with commas. This is because Emacs supports RFC822 standard addresses
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4952 like this one:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4953
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4954 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4955 To: Willy Smith <wks@@xpnsv.lwyrs.com>
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4956 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4957
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4958 However, you do not need to---and probably should not, unless your
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4959 system's version of @file{/usr/ucb/mail} (a.k.a.@: @code{mailx})
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4960 supports RFC822---separate addresses with commas in your
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4961 @file{~/.mailrc} file.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4962
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4963 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4964 Emacs normally only reads the @file{.mailrc} file once per session,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4965 when you start to compose your first mail message. If you edit
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4966 @file{.mailrc}, you can type @kbd{M-x rebuild-mail-abbrevs @key{RET}} to
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4967 make Emacs reread @file{~/.mailrc}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4968
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4969 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4970 If you like, you can expand mail aliases as abbrevs, as soon as you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4971 type them in. To enable this feature, execute the following:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4972
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4973 @lisp
34922
962646fc3a58 *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 34741
diff changeset
4974 (add-hook 'mail-mode-hook 'mail-abbrevs-setup)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4975 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4976
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4977 Note that the aliases are expanded automatically only after you type
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4978 @key{RET} or a punctuation character (e.g. @kbd{,}). You can force their
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4979 expansion by moving point to the end of the alias and typing @kbd{C-x a e}
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4980 (@kbd{M-x expand-abbrev}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4981 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4982
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4983 @node Rmail thinks all messages are one big one, Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder, Expanding aliases when sending mail, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4984 @section Why does Rmail think all my saved messages are one big message?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4985 @cindex Rmail thinks all messages are one large message
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4986
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4987 A file created through the @samp{FCC} field in a message is in Unix mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4988 format, not the format that Rmail uses (BABYL format). Rmail will try
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4989 to convert a Unix mail file into BABYL format on input, but sometimes it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4990 makes errors. For guaranteed safety, you can make the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4991 @file{saved-messages} file be an inbox for your Rmail file by using the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4992 function @code{set-rmail-inbox-list}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4993
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4994 @node Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder, Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail, Rmail thinks all messages are one big one, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4995 @section How can I sort the messages in my Rmail folder?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4996 @cindex Rmail, sorting messages in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4997 @cindex Folder, sorting messages in an Rmail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4998 @cindex Sorting messages in an Rmail folder
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4999
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5000 In Rmail, type @kbd{C-c C-s C-h} to get a list of sorting functions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5001 and their key bindings.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5002
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5003 @node Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail, Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them, Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5004 @section Why does Rmail need to write to @file{/usr/spool/mail}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5005 @cindex Rmail and @file{/usr/spool/mail}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5006 @cindex @file{/usr/spool/mail} and Rmail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5007
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5008 This is the behavior of the @code{movemail} program which Rmail uses.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5009 This indicates that @code{movemail} is configured to use lock files.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5010
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5011 RMS writes:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5012
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5013 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5014 Certain systems require lock files to interlock access to mail files.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5015 On these systems, @code{movemail} must write lock files, or you risk losing
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5016 mail. You simply must arrange to let @code{movemail} write them.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5017
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5018 Other systems use the @code{flock} system call to interlock access. On
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5019 these systems, you should configure @code{movemail} to use @code{flock}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5020 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5021
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5022 @node Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them, Replying to the sender of a message, Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5023 @section How do I recover my mail files after Rmail munges their format?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5024 @cindex Recovering munged mail files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5025 @cindex Rmail munged my files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5026 @cindex Mail files, recovering those munged by Rmail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5027
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5028 If you have just done @kbd{M-x rmail-input} on a file and you don't want
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5029 to save it in Rmail's format (called BABYL), just kill the buffer (with
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5030 @kbd{C-x k}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5031
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5032 @cindex Exporting messages as Unix mail files
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5033 If you typed @kbd{M-x rmail} and it read some messages out of your inbox
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5034 and you want to put them in a Unix mail file, use @kbd{C-o} on each
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5035 message.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5036
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5037 @cindex Converting from BABYL to Unix mail format
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5038 @cindex @code{unrmail} command
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5039 If you want to convert an existing file from BABYL format to Unix mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5040 format, use the command @kbd{M-x unrmail}: it will prompt you for the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5041 input and output file names.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5042
39304
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5043 @pindex b2m
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5044 Alternatively, you could use the @code{b2m} program supplied with
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5045 Emacs. @code{b2m} is a filter, and is used like this:
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5046
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5047 @example
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5048 b2m < @var{babyl-file} > @var{mbox-file}
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5049 @end example
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5050
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5051 @noindent
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5052 where @var{babyl-file} is the name of the BABYL file, and
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5053 @var{mbox-file} is the name of the file where the converted mail will
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5054 be written.
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5055
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5056 @node Replying to the sender of a message, MIME with Emacs mail packages, Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5057 @section How can I force Rmail to reply to the sender of a message, but not the other recipients?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5058 @cindex Replying only to the sender of a message
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5059 @cindex Sender, replying only to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5060 @cindex Rmail, replying to the sender of a message in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5061
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5062 @email{isaacson@@seas.upenn.edu, Ron Isaacson} says: When you hit
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5063 @key{r} to reply in Rmail, by default it CCs all of the original
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5064 recipients (everyone on the original @samp{To} and @samp{CC}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5065 lists). With a prefix argument (i.e., typing @kbd{C-u} before @key{r}),
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5066 it replies only to the sender. However, going through the whole
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5067 @kbd{C-u} business every time you want to reply is a pain. This is the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5068 best fix I've been able to come up with:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5069
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5070 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5071 (defun rmail-reply-t ()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5072 "Reply only to the sender of the current message. (See rmail-reply.)"
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5073 (interactive)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5074 (rmail-reply t))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5075
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5076 (add-hook 'rmail-mode-hook
34151
33df9c2e70bf Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 30692
diff changeset
5077 (lambda ()
33df9c2e70bf Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 30692
diff changeset
5078 (define-key rmail-mode-map "r" 'rmail-reply-t)
33df9c2e70bf Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 30692
diff changeset
5079 (define-key rmail-mode-map "R" 'rmail-reply)))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5080 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5081
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5082 @node MIME with Emacs mail packages, Automatically starting a mail or news reader, Replying to the sender of a message, Mail and news
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
5083 @section How can I get my favorite Emacs mail package to support MIME?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5084 @cindex MIME and Emacs mail packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5085 @cindex Mail packages and MIME
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5086 @cindex FAQ for MIME and Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5087
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5088 Version 6.x of VM supports MIME. @xref{VM}. Gnus supports MIME in mail
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5089 and news messages as of version 5.8.1 (Pterodactyl). Rmail has limited
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5090 support for single-part MIME messages beginning with Emacs 20.3.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5091
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5092 @node Automatically starting a mail or news reader, Reading news with Emacs, MIME with Emacs mail packages, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5093 @section How do I make Emacs automatically start my mail/news reader?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5094 @cindex Mail reader, starting automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5095 @cindex News reader, starting automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5096 @cindex Starting mail/news reader automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5097
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5098 To start Emacs in Gnus:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5099
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5100 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5101 emacs -f gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5102 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5103
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5104 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5105 in Rmail:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5106
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5107 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5108 emacs -f rmail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5109 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5110
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5111 A more convenient way to start with Gnus:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5112
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5113 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5114 alias gnus 'emacs -f gnus'
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5115 gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5116 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5117
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5118 It is probably unwise to automatically start your mail or news reader
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5119 from your @file{.emacs} file. This would cause problems if you needed to run
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5120 two copies of Emacs at the same time. Also, this would make it difficult for
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5121 you to start Emacs quickly when you needed to.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5122
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5123 @node Reading news with Emacs, Gnus does not work with NNTP, Automatically starting a mail or news reader, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5124 @section How do I read news under Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5125 @cindex Reading news under Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5126 @cindex Usenet reader in Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5127 @cindex Gnus newsreader
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5128
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5129 Use @kbd{M-x gnus}. It is documented in Info (@pxref{Learning how to do
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5130 something}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5131
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5132 @node Gnus does not work with NNTP, Viewing articles with embedded underlining, Reading news with Emacs, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5133 @section Why doesn't Gnus work via NNTP?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5134 @cindex Gnus and NNTP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5135 @cindex NNTP, Gnus fails to work with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5136
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5137 There is a bug in NNTP version 1.5.10, such that when multiple requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5138 are sent to the NNTP server, the server only handles the first one
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5139 before blocking waiting for more input which never comes. NNTP version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5140 1.5.11 claims to fix this.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5141
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5142 You can work around the bug inside Emacs like this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5143
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5144 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5145 (setq nntp-maximum-request 1)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5146 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5147
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5148 You can find out what version of NNTP your news server is running by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5149 telnetting to the NNTP port (usually 119) on the news server machine
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5150 (i.e., @kbd{telnet server-machine 119}). The server should give its
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5151 version number in the welcome message. Type @kbd{quit} to get out.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5152
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
5153 @xref{Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode}, for some additional ideas.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5154
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5155 @node Viewing articles with embedded underlining, Saving a multi-part Gnus posting, Gnus does not work with NNTP, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5156 @section How do I view news articles with embedded underlining (e.g., ClariNews)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5157 @cindex Underlining, embedded in news articles
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5158 @cindex News articles with embedded underlining
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5159 @cindex Embedded underlining in news articles
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5160
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5161 Underlining appears like this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5162
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5163 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5164 _^Hu_^Hn_^Hd_^He_^Hr_^Hl_^Hi_^Hn_^Hi_^Hn_^Hg
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5165 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5166
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5167 @email{abraham@@dina.kvl.dk, Per Abrahamsen} suggests using the following
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5168 code, which uses the underline face to turn such text into true
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5169 underlining, inconjunction with Gnus:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5170
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5171 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5172 (defun gnus-article-prepare-overstrike ()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5173 ;; Prepare article for overstrike commands.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5174 (save-excursion
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5175 (set-buffer gnus-article-buffer)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5176 (let ((buffer-read-only nil))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5177 (goto-char (point-min))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5178 (while (search-forward "\b" nil t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5179 (let ((next (following-char))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5180 (previous (char-after (- (point) 2))))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5181 (cond ((eq next previous)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5182 (delete-region (- (point) 2) (point))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5183 (put-text-property (point) (1+ (point))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5184 'face 'bold))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5185 ((eq next ?_)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5186 (delete-region (1- (point)) (1+ (point)))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5187 (put-text-property (1- (point)) (point)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5188 'face 'underline))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5189 ((eq previous ?_)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5190 (delete-region (- (point) 2) (point))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5191 (put-text-property (point) (1+ (point))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5192 'face 'underline))))))))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5193
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5194 (add-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-overstrike)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5195 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5196
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5197 Latest versions of Gnus do such a conversion automatically.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5198
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5199 If you prefer to do away with underlining altogether, you can
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5200 destructively remove it with @kbd{M-x ununderline-region}; do this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5201 automatically via
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5202
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5203 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5204 (add-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-hook
34151
33df9c2e70bf Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 30692
diff changeset
5205 (lambda () (ununderline-region (point-min) (point-max))))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5206 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5207
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5208 @node Saving a multi-part Gnus posting, Starting Gnus faster, Viewing articles with embedded underlining, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5209 @section How do I save all the items of a multi-part posting in Gnus?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5210 @cindex Multi-part postings in Gnus, saving
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5211 @cindex Saving multi-part postings in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5212 @cindex Gnus, saving multi-part postings in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5213
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5214 Use @code{gnus-uu}. Type @kbd{C-c C-v C-h} in the Gnus summary buffer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5215 to see a list of available commands.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5216
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5217 @node Starting Gnus faster, Catching up in all newsgroups, Saving a multi-part Gnus posting, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5218 @section How do I make Gnus start up faster?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5219 @cindex Faster, starting Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5220 @cindex Starting Gnus faster
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5221 @cindex Gnus, starting faster
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5222
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5223 From the Gnus FAQ (@pxref{Learning more about Gnus}):
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5224
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5225 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5226 @email{pktiwari@@eos.ncsu.edu, Pranav Kumar Tiwari} writes: I posted
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5227 the same query recently and I got an answer to it. I am going to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5228 repeat the answer. What you need is a newer version of gnus, version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5229 5.0.4+. I am using 5.0.12 and it works fine with me with the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5230 following settings:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5231
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5232 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5233 (setq gnus-check-new-newsgroups nil
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5234 gnus-read-active-file 'some
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5235 gnus-nov-is-evil nil
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5236 gnus-select-method '(nntp gnus-nntp-server))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5237 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5238 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5239
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5240 @node Catching up in all newsgroups, Killing based on nonstandard headers, Starting Gnus faster, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5241 @section How do I catch up all newsgroups in Gnus?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5242 @cindex Catching up all newsgroups in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5243 @cindex Gnus, Catching up all newsgroups in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5244
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5245 In the @file{*Newsgroup*} buffer, type @kbd{M-< C-x ( c y C-x ) M-0 C-x e}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5246
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5247 Leave off the initial @kbd{M-<} if you only want to catch up from point
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5248 to the end of the @file{*Newsgroup*} buffer.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5249
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5250 @node Killing based on nonstandard headers, Removing flashing messages, Catching up in all newsgroups, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5251 @section Why can't I kill in Gnus based on the Newsgroups/Keywords/Control headers?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5252 @cindex Killing articles based on nonstandard headers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5253 @cindex Newsgroups header, killing articles based on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5254 @cindex Keywords header, killing articles based on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5255 @cindex Control header, killing articles based on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5256
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5257 Gnus will complain that the @samp{Newsgroups}, @samp{Keywords}, and
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5258 @samp{Control} headers are ``Unknown header'' fields.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5259
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5260 For the @samp{Newsgroups} header, there is an easy workaround: kill on the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5261 @samp{Xref} header instead, which will be present on any cross-posted article
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5262 (as long as your site carries the cross-post group).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5263
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5264 If you really want to kill on one of these headers, you can do it like
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5265 this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5266
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5267 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5268 (gnus-kill nil "^Newsgroups: .*\\(bad\\.group\\|worse\\.group\\)")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5269 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5270
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5271 @node Removing flashing messages, Catch-up is slow in Gnus, Killing based on nonstandard headers, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5272 @section How do I get rid of flashing messages in Gnus for slow connections?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5273 @cindex Flashing Gnus messages, removing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5274 @cindex Removing flashing Gnus messages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5275 @cindex Slow connections causing flashing messages in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5276 @cindex Gnus, flashing messages in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5277
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5278 Set @code{nntp-debug-read} to @code{nil}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5279
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5280 @node Catch-up is slow in Gnus, Gnus hangs for a long time, Removing flashing messages, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5281 @section Why is catch up slow in Gnus?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5282 @cindex Slow catch up in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5283 @cindex Gnus is slow when catching up
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5284 @cindex Crosspostings make Gnus catching up slow
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5285
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5286 Because Gnus is marking crosspostings read. You can control this with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5287 the variable @code{gnus-use-cross-reference}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5288
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5289 @node Gnus hangs for a long time, Learning more about Gnus, Catch-up is slow in Gnus, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5290 @section Why does Gnus hang for a long time when posting?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5291 @cindex Hangs in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5292 @cindex Gnus hangs while posting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5293 @cindex Posting, Gnus hangs wile
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5294
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5295 @email{tale@@uunet.uu.net, David Lawrence} explains:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5296
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5297 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5298 The problem is almost always interaction between NNTP and C News. NNTP
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5299 POST asks C News's @code{inews} to not background itself but rather hang
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5300 around and give its exit status so it knows whether the post was successful.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5301 (That wait will on some systems not return the exit status of the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5302 waited for job is a different sort of problem.) It ends up taking a
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5303 long time because @code{inews} is calling @code{relaynews}, which often
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5304 waits for another @code{relaynews} to free the lock on the news system
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5305 so it can file the article.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5306
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5307 My preferred solution is to change @code{inews} to not call
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5308 @code{relaynews}, but rather use @code{newsspool}. This loses some
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5309 error-catching functionality, but is for the most part safe as
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5310 @code{inews} will detect a lot of the errors on its own. The C News
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5311 folks have sped up @code{inews}, too, so speed should look better to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5312 most folks as that update propagates around.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5313 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5314
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5315 @node Learning more about Gnus, , Gnus hangs for a long time, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5316 @section Where can I find out more about Gnus?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5317 @cindex FAQ for Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5318 @cindex Gnus FAQ
50791
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
5319 @cindex Learning more about Gnus
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
5320
50954
e6cae6d37bc9 Update VM version.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50791
diff changeset
5321 For more information on Gnus, consult the Gnus manual and FAQ, which are
e6cae6d37bc9 Update VM version.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50791
diff changeset
5322 part of the Gnus distribution.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5323
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5324 @node Concept index, , Mail and news, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5325 @unnumbered Concept Index
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5326 @printindex cp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5327
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5328 @contents
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5329 @bye
52401
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 51449
diff changeset
5330
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 51449
diff changeset
5331 @ignore
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 51449
diff changeset
5332 arch-tag: fee0d62d-06cf-43d8-ac21-123408eaf10f
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 51449
diff changeset
5333 @end ignore