annotate man/arevert-xtra.texi @ 80376:6e2a0297b94d

(readdir): If FindFirstFile/FindNextFile return in cFileName a file name that includes `?' characters, use the 8+3 alias in cAlternateFileName instead.
author Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
date Wed, 26 Mar 2008 19:04:25 +0000
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1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual.
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2 @c Copyright (C) 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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3 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions.
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4 @c
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5 @c This file is included either in emacs-xtra.texi (when producing the
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6 @c printed version) or in the main Emacs manual (for the on-line version).
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7 @node Autorevert
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8 @section Auto Reverting non-file Buffers
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9
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10 Normally Global Auto Revert Mode only reverts file buffers. There are
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11 two ways to auto-revert certain non-file buffers: enabling Auto Revert
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12 Mode in those buffers (using @kbd{M-x auto-revert-mode}) and setting
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13 @code{global-auto-revert-non-file-buffers} to @code{t}. The latter
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14 enables Auto Reverting for all types of buffers for which it is
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15 implemented, that is, for the types of buffers listed in the menu
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16 below.
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17
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18 Like file buffers, non-file buffers should normally not revert while
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19 you are working on them, or while they contain information that might
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20 get lost after reverting. Therefore, they do not revert if they are
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21 ``modified''. This can get tricky, because deciding when a non-file
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22 buffer should be marked modified is usually more difficult than for
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23 file buffers.
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24
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25 Another tricky detail is that, for efficiency reasons, Auto Revert
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26 often does not try to detect all possible changes in the buffer, only
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27 changes that are ``major'' or easy to detect. Hence, enabling
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28 auto-reverting for a non-file buffer does not always guarantee that
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29 all information in the buffer is up to date and does not necessarily
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30 make manual reverts useless.
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31
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32 At the other extreme, certain buffers automatically auto-revert every
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33 @code{auto-revert-interval} seconds. (This currently only applies to
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34 the Buffer Menu.) In this case, Auto Revert does not print any
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35 messages while reverting, even when @code{auto-revert-verbose} is
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36 non-@code{nil}.
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37
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38 The details depend on the particular types of buffers and are
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39 explained in the corresponding sections.
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40
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41 @menu
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42 * Auto Reverting the Buffer Menu::
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43 * Auto Reverting Dired::
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44 * Supporting additional buffers::
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45 @end menu
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46
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47 @node Auto Reverting the Buffer Menu
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48 @subsection Auto Reverting the Buffer Menu
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49
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50 If auto-reverting of non-file buffers is enabled, the Buffer Menu
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51 automatically reverts every @code{auto-revert-interval} seconds,
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52 whether there is a need for it or not. (It would probably take longer
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53 to check whether there is a need than to actually revert.)
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54
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55 If the Buffer Menu inappropriately gets marked modified, just revert
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56 it manually using @kbd{g} and auto-reverting will resume. However, if
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57 you marked certain buffers to get deleted or to be displayed, you have
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58 to be careful, because reverting erases all marks. The fact that
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59 adding marks sets the buffer's modified flag prevents Auto Revert from
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60 automatically erasing the marks.
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61
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62 @node Auto Reverting Dired
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63 @subsection Auto Reverting Dired buffers
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64
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65 Auto-reverting Dired buffers currently works on GNU or Unix style
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66 operating systems. It may not work satisfactorily on some other
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67 systems.
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68
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69 Dired buffers only auto-revert when the file list of the buffer's main
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70 directory changes. They do not auto-revert when information about a
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71 particular file changes or when inserted subdirectories change. To be
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72 sure that @emph{all} listed information is up to date, you have to
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73 manually revert using @kbd{g}, @emph{even} if auto-reverting is
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74 enabled in the Dired buffer. Sometimes, you might get the impression
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75 that modifying or saving files listed in the main directory actually
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76 does cause auto-reverting. This is because making changes to a file,
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77 or saving it, very often causes changes in the directory itself, for
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78 instance, through backup files or auto-save files. However, this is
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79 not guaranteed.
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80
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81 If the Dired buffer is marked modified and there are no changes you
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82 want to protect, then most of the time you can make auto-reverting
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83 resume by manually reverting the buffer using @kbd{g}. There is one
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84 exception. If you flag or mark files, you can safely revert the
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85 buffer. This will not erase the flags or marks (unless the marked
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86 file has been deleted, of course). However, the buffer will stay
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87 modified, even after reverting, and auto-reverting will not resume.
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88 This is because, if you flag or mark files, you may be working on the
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89 buffer and you might not want the buffer to change without warning.
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90 If you want auto-reverting to resume in the presence of marks and
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91 flags, mark the buffer non-modified using @kbd{M-~}. However, adding,
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92 deleting or changing marks or flags will mark it modified again.
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93
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94 Remote Dired buffers are not auto-reverted. Neither are Dired buffers
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95 for which you used shell wildcards or file arguments to list only some
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96 of the files. @samp{*Find*} and @samp{*Locate*} buffers do not
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97 auto-revert either.
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98
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99 @node Supporting additional buffers
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100 @subsection Adding Support for Auto-Reverting additional Buffers.
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101
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102 This section is intended for Elisp programmers who would like to add
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103 support for auto-reverting new types of buffers.
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104
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105 To support auto-reverting the buffer must first of all have a
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106 @code{revert-buffer-function}. @xref{Definition of
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107 revert-buffer-function,, Reverting, elisp, the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}.
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108
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109 In addition, it @emph{must} have a @code{buffer-stale-function}.
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110
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111 @defvar buffer-stale-function
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112 The value of this variable is a function to check whether a non-file
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113 buffer needs reverting. This should be a function with one optional
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114 argument @var{noconfirm}. The function should return non-@code{nil}
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115 if the buffer should be reverted. The buffer is current when this
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116 function is called.
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117
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118 While this function is mainly intended for use in auto-reverting, it
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119 could be used for other purposes as well. For instance, if
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120 auto-reverting is not enabled, it could be used to warn the user that
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121 the buffer needs reverting. The idea behind the @var{noconfirm}
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122 argument is that it should be @code{t} if the buffer is going to be
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123 reverted without asking the user and @code{nil} if the function is
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124 just going to be used to warn the user that the buffer is out of date.
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125 In particular, for use in auto-reverting, @var{noconfirm} is @code{t}.
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126 If the function is only going to be used for auto-reverting, you can
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127 ignore the @var{noconfirm} argument.
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128
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129 If you just want to automatically auto-revert every
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130 @code{auto-revert-interval} seconds, use:
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131
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132 @example
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133 (set (make-local-variable 'buffer-stale-function)
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134 #'(lambda (&optional noconfirm) 'fast))
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135 @end example
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136
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137 @noindent
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138 in the buffer's mode function.
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139
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140 The special return value @samp{fast} tells the caller that the need
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141 for reverting was not checked, but that reverting the buffer is fast.
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142 It also tells Auto Revert not to print any revert messages, even if
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143 @code{auto-revert-verbose} is non-@code{nil}. This is important, as
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144 getting revert messages every @code{auto-revert-interval} seconds can
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145 be very annoying. The information provided by this return value could
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146 also be useful if the function is consulted for purposes other than
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147 auto-reverting.
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148 @end defvar
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149
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150 Once the buffer has a @code{revert-buffer-function} and a
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151 @code{buffer-stale-function}, several problems usually remain.
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152
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153 The buffer will only auto-revert if it is marked unmodified. Hence,
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154 you will have to make sure that various functions mark the buffer
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155 modified if and only if either the buffer contains information that
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156 might be lost by reverting or there is reason to believe that the user
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157 might be inconvenienced by auto-reverting, because he is actively
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158 working on the buffer. The user can always override this by manually
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159 adjusting the modified status of the buffer. To support this, calling
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160 the @code{revert-buffer-function} on a buffer that is marked
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161 unmodified should always keep the buffer marked unmodified.
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162
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163 It is important to assure that point does not continuously jump around
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164 as a consequence of auto-reverting. Of course, moving point might be
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165 inevitable if the buffer radically changes.
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166
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167 You should make sure that the @code{revert-buffer-function} does not
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168 print messages that unnecessarily duplicate Auto Revert's own messages
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169 if @code{auto-revert-verbose} is @code{t} and effectively override a
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170 @code{nil} value for @code{auto-revert-verbose}. Hence, adapting a
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171 mode for auto-reverting often involves getting rid of such messages.
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172 This is especially important for buffers that automatically
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173 auto-revert every @code{auto-revert-interval} seconds.
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174
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175 Also, you may want to update the documentation string of
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176 @code{global-auto-revert-non-file-buffers}.
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177
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178 @ifinfo
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179 Finally, you should add a node to this chapter's menu. This node
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180 @end ifinfo
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181 @ifnotinfo
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182 Finally, you should add a section to this chapter. This section
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183 @end ifnotinfo
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184 should at the very least make clear whether enabling auto-reverting
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185 for the buffer reliably assures that all information in the buffer is
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186 completely up to date (or will be after @code{auto-revert-interval}
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187 seconds).
70461
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188
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189 @ignore
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190 arch-tag: 2983e613-a272-45f6-9593-3010ad7f865e
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191 @end ignore