Mercurial > emacs
annotate nt/INSTALL @ 40357:6f61c4e09b89
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author | Francesco Potortì <pot@gnu.org> |
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date | Sat, 27 Oct 2001 00:55:16 +0000 |
parents | 7bc2236b1036 |
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rev | line source |
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25856 | 1 Building and Installing Emacs |
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2 on Windows NT/2000 and Windows 95/98/ME |
25856 | 3 |
37710 | 4 Copyright (c) 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
5 See the end of the file for copying permissions. | |
6 | |
39152 | 7 If you used WinZip to unpack the distribution, we suggest to |
8 remove the files and unpack again with a different program! | |
9 WinZip is known to create some subtle and hard to debug problems, | |
10 such as converting files to DOS CR-LF format, not creating empty | |
11 directories, etc. We suggest to use djtarnt.exe from the GNU FTP | |
12 site. | |
13 | |
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14 To compile Emacs, you will need either Microsoft Visual C++ 2.0 or |
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15 later and nmake, or a Windows port of GCC 2.95 or later with Mingw |
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16 and W32 API support and a port of GNU make. You can use the Cygwin |
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17 ports of GCC, but Emacs requires the Mingw headers and libraries to |
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18 build (latest versions of the Cygwin toolkit, at least since v1.3.3, |
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19 include the MinGW headers and libraries as an integral part). |
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20 |
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21 If you build Emacs on Windows 9X or ME, not on Windows 2000 or |
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22 Windows NT, we suggest to install the Cygwin port of Bash. |
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23 |
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24 Please see http://www.mingw.org for pointers to GCC/Mingw binaries. |
25856 | 25 |
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26 For reference, here is a list of which builds of GNU make are known |
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27 to work or not, and whether they work in the presence and/or absence |
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28 of sh.exe, the Cygwin port of Bash. |
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29 |
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30 sh exists no sh |
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31 |
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32 cygwin b20.1 make (3.75): okay[1] fails[2] |
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33 MSVC compiled gmake 3.77: okay okay |
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34 MSVC compiled gmake 3.78.1: okay okay |
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35 MSVC compiled gmake 3.79.1: okay okay |
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36 mingw32/gcc-2.92.2 make (3.77): okay okay[4] |
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37 cygwin compiled gmake 3.77: okay[1] fails[2] |
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38 cygwin compiled make 3.78.1: okay fails[2] |
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39 cygwin compiled make 3.79.1: couldn't build make[3] |
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40 |
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41 Notes: |
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42 |
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43 [1] doesn't cope with makefiles with DOS line endings, so must mount |
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44 emacs source with text!=binary. |
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45 [2] fails when needs to invoke shell commands; okay invoking gcc etc. |
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46 [3] requires LC_MESSAGES support to build; maybe 2.95.x update to |
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47 cygwin provides this? |
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48 [4] may fail on Windows 9X and Windows ME; if so, install Bash. |
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49 |
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50 * Configuring |
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52 Configuration of Emacs is now handled by running configure.bat in the |
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53 nt subdirectory. It will detect which compiler you have available, |
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54 and generate makefiles accordingly. You can override the compiler |
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55 detection, and control optimization and debug settings, by specifying |
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56 options on the command line when invoking configure. |
25856 | 57 |
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58 To configure Emacs to build with GCC or MSVC, whichever is available, |
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59 simply change to the nt subdirectory and run `configure' with no |
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60 options. To see what options are available, run `configure --help'. |
25856 | 61 |
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62 N.B. It is normal to see a few error messages output while configure |
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63 is running, when gcc support is being tested. These cannot be |
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64 surpressed because of limitations in the Windows 9x command.com shell. |
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65 |
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66 * Building |
25856 | 67 |
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68 After running configure, simply run the appropriate `make' program for |
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69 your compiler to build Emacs. For MSVC, this is nmake; for GCC, it is |
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70 GNU make. |
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72 As the files are compiled, you will see some warning messages |
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73 declaring that some functions don't return a value, or that some data |
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74 conversions will be lossy, etc. You can safely ignore these messages. |
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75 The warnings may be fixed in the main FSF source at some point, but |
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76 until then we will just live with them. |
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78 * Installing |
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80 To install Emacs after it has compiled, simply run `nmake install' |
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81 or `make install', depending on which version of the Make utility |
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82 do you have. |
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84 By default, Emacs will be installed in the location where it was |
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85 built, but a different location can be specified either using the |
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86 --prefix option to configure, or by setting INSTALL_DIR when running |
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87 make, like so: |
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89 make install INSTALL_DIR=D:/emacs |
25856 | 90 |
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91 (for `nmake', type "nmake install INSTALL_DIR=D:/emacs" instead). |
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92 |
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93 The install process will run addpm to setup the registry entries, and |
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94 to create a Start menu icon for Emacs. |
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96 * Trouble-shooting |
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98 The main problems that are likely to be encountered when building |
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99 Emacs stem from using an old version of GCC, or old Mingw or W32 API |
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100 headers. Additionally, cygwin ports of GNU make may require the Emacs |
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101 source tree to be mounted with text!=binary, because the makefiles |
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102 generated by configure.bat necessarily use DOS line endings. Also, |
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103 cygwin ports of make must run in UNIX mode, either by specifying |
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104 --unix on the command line, or MAKE_MODE=UNIX in the environment. |
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106 When configure runs, it attempts to detect when GCC itself, or the |
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107 headers it is using, are not suitable for building Emacs. GCC version |
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108 2.95 or later is needed, because that is when the Windows port gained |
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109 sufficient support for anonymous structs and unions to cope with some |
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110 definitions from winnt.h that are used by addsection.c. The W32 API |
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111 headers that come with Cygwin b20.1 are incomplete, and do not include |
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112 some definitions required by addsection.c, for instance. Also, older |
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113 releases of the W32 API headers from Anders Norlander contain a typo |
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114 in the definition of IMAGE_FIRST_SECTION in winnt.h, which |
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115 addsection.c relies on. Versions of w32api-xxx.zip from at least |
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116 1999-11-18 onwards are okay. |
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118 If configure succeeds, but make fails, install the Cygwin port of |
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119 Bash, even if the table above indicates that Emacs should be able to |
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120 build without sh.exe. (Some versions of Windows shells are too dumb |
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121 for Makefile's used by Emacs.) |
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122 |
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123 If you are using certain Cygwin builds of GCC, such as Cygwin version |
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124 1.1.8, you may need to specify some extra compiler flags like so: |
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125 |
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126 configure --with-gcc --cflags -mwin32 --cflags -D__MSVCRT__ |
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127 --ldflags -mwin32 |
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128 |
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129 However, the latest Cygwin versions, such as 1.3.3, don't need those |
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130 switches; you can simply use "configure --with-gcc". |
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131 |
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132 We will attempt to auto-detect the need for these flags in a future |
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133 release. |
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135 * Debugging |
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137 You should be able to debug Emacs using the debugger that is |
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138 appropriate for the compiler you used, namely DevStudio or Windbg if |
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139 compiled with MSVC, or gdb if compiled with gcc. |
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140 |
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141 Emacs functions implemented in C use a naming convention that reflects |
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142 their names in lisp. The names of the C routines are the lisp names |
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143 prefixed with 'F', and with dashes converted to underscores. For |
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144 example, the function call-process is implemented in C by |
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145 Fcall_process. Similarly, lisp variables are prefixed with 'V', again |
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146 with dashes converted to underscores. These conventions enable you to |
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147 easily set breakpoints or examine familiar lisp variables by name. |
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149 Since Emacs data is often in the form of a lisp object, and the |
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150 Lisp_Object type is difficult to examine manually in the MSVC |
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151 debugger, Emacs provides a helper routine called debug_print that |
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152 prints out a readable representation of a Lisp_Object. (If you are |
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153 using gdb, there is a .gdbinit file in the src directory which |
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154 provides definitions that are useful for examining lisp objects. The |
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155 following tips are mainly of interest when using MSVC.) The output |
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156 from debug_print is sent to stderr, and to the debugger via the |
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157 OutputDebugString routine. The output sent to stderr should be |
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158 displayed in the console window that was opened when the emacs.exe |
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159 executable was started. The output sent to the debugger should be |
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160 displayed in its "Debug" output window. |
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162 When you are in the process of debugging Emacs and you would like to |
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163 examine the contents of a Lisp_Object variable, popup the QuickWatch |
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164 window (QuickWatch has an eyeglass symbol on its button in the |
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165 toolbar). In the text field at the top of the window, enter |
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166 debug_print(<variable>) and hit return. For example, start and run |
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167 Emacs in the debugger until it is waiting for user input. Then click |
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168 on the Break button in the debugger to halt execution. Emacs should |
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169 halt in ZwUserGetMessage waiting for an input event. Use the Call |
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170 Stack window to select the procedure w32_msp_pump up the call stack |
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171 (see below for why you have to do this). Open the QuickWatch window |
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172 and enter debug_print(Vexec_path). Evaluating this expression will |
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173 then print out the contents of the lisp variable exec-path. |
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175 If QuickWatch reports that the symbol is unknown, then check the call |
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176 stack in the Call Stack window. If the selected frame in the call |
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177 stack is not an Emacs procedure, then the debugger won't recognize |
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178 Emacs symbols. Instead, select a frame that is inside an Emacs |
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179 procedure and try using debug_print again. |
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181 If QuickWatch invokes debug_print but nothing happens, then check the |
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182 thread that is selected in the debugger. If the selected thread is |
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183 not the last thread to run (the "current" thread), then it cannot be |
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184 used to execute debug_print. Use the Debug menu to select the current |
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185 thread and try using debug_print again. Note that the debugger halts |
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186 execution (e.g., due to a breakpoint) in the context of the current |
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187 thread, so this should only be a problem if you've explicitly switched |
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188 threads. |
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190 COPYING PERMISSIONS | |
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196 for further redistribution as permitted by this notice. | |
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198 Permission is granted to distribute modified versions | |
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200 under the above conditions, provided also that they | |
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202 and that any new or changed statements about the activities | |
203 of the Free Software Foundation are approved by the Foundation. |