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annotate man/flymake.texi @ 81015:72b9f4dba30d
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55822 | 1 \input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*- |
2 @comment %**start of header | |
3 @setfilename ../info/flymake | |
4 @set VERSION 0.3 | |
5 @set UPDATED April 2004 | |
6 @settitle GNU Flymake @value{VERSION} | |
7 @syncodeindex pg cp | |
8 @comment %**end of header | |
9 | |
10 @copying | |
11 This manual is for GNU Flymake (version @value{VERSION}, @value{UPDATED}), | |
12 which is a universal on-the-fly syntax checker for GNU Emacs. | |
13 | |
75348 | 14 Copyright @copyright{} 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
55822 | 15 |
16 @quotation | |
17 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document | |
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18 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or |
55822 | 19 any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no |
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20 Invariant Sections, with the Front-Cover texts being ``A GNU Manual,'' |
55822 | 21 and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below. A copy of the license |
22 is included in the section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation License'' | |
23 in the Emacs manual. | |
24 | |
25 (a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: ``You have freedom to copy and modify | |
26 this GNU Manual, like GNU software. Copies published by the Free | |
27 Software Foundation raise funds for GNU development.'' | |
28 | |
29 This document is part of a collection distributed under the GNU Free | |
30 Documentation License. If you want to distribute this document | |
31 separately from the collection, you can do so by adding a copy of the | |
32 license to the document, as described in section 6 of the license. | |
33 @end quotation | |
34 @end copying | |
35 | |
36 @dircategory Emacs | |
37 @direntry | |
38 * Flymake: (flymake). A universal on-the-fly syntax checker. | |
39 @end direntry | |
40 | |
41 @titlepage | |
42 @title GNU Flymake | |
43 @subtitle for version @value{VERSION}, @value{UPDATED} | |
44 @author Pavel Kobiakov(@email{pk_at_work@@yahoo.com}) | |
45 @page | |
46 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll | |
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47 @insertcopying |
55822 | 48 @end titlepage |
49 | |
50 @contents | |
51 | |
52 @ifnottex | |
53 @node Top | |
54 @top GNU Flymake | |
55 @end ifnottex | |
56 | |
57 @menu | |
58 * Overview of Flymake:: | |
59 * Installing Flymake:: | |
60 * Using Flymake:: | |
61 * Configuring Flymake:: | |
62 * Flymake Implementation:: | |
77235 | 63 * GNU Free Documentation License:: |
55822 | 64 * Index:: |
65 @end menu | |
66 | |
67 @node Overview of Flymake | |
68 @chapter Overview | |
69 @cindex Overview of Flymake | |
70 | |
71 Flymake is a universal on-the-fly syntax checker implemented as an | |
72 Emacs minor mode. Flymake runs the pre-configured syntax check tool | |
73 (compiler for C++ files, @code{perl} for perl files, etc.) in the | |
74 background, passing it a temporary copy of the current buffer, and | |
75 parses the output for known error/warning message patterns. Flymake | |
76 then highlights erroneous lines (i.e. lines for which at least one | |
77 error or warning has been reported by the syntax check tool), and | |
78 displays an overall buffer status in the mode line. Status information | |
79 displayed by Flymake contains total number of errors and warnings | |
80 reported for the buffer during the last syntax check. | |
81 | |
82 @code{flymake-goto-next-error} and @code{flymake-goto-prev-error} | |
83 functions allow for easy navigation to the next/previous erroneous | |
84 line, respectively. | |
85 | |
86 Calling @code{flymake-display-err-menu-for-current-line} will popup a | |
87 menu containing error messages reported by the syntax check tool for | |
88 the current line. Errors/warnings belonging to another file, such as a | |
89 @code{.h} header file included by a @code{.c} file, are shown in the | |
90 current buffer as belonging to the first line. Menu items for such | |
91 messages also contain a filename and a line number. Selecting such a | |
92 menu item will automatically open the file and jump to the line with | |
93 error. | |
94 | |
95 Syntax check is done 'on-the-fly'. It is started whenever | |
96 | |
97 @itemize @bullet | |
98 @item buffer is loaded | |
99 @item a newline character is added to the buffer | |
100 @item some changes were made to the buffer more than @code{0.5} seconds ago (the | |
101 delay is configurable). | |
102 @end itemize | |
103 | |
104 Flymake is a universal syntax checker in the sense that it's easily | |
105 extended to support new syntax check tools and error message | |
106 patterns. @xref{Configuring Flymake}. | |
107 | |
108 @node Installing Flymake | |
109 @chapter Installing | |
110 @cindex Installing Flymake | |
111 | |
112 | |
113 Flymake is packaged in a single file, @code{flymake.el}. | |
114 | |
115 To install/update Flymake, place @code{flymake.el} to a directory | |
116 somewhere on Emacs load path. You might also want to byte-compile | |
117 @code{flymake.el} to improve performance. | |
118 | |
119 Also, place the following line in the @code{.emacs} file. | |
120 | |
121 @lisp | |
122 (require 'flymake) | |
123 @end lisp | |
124 | |
125 You might also map the most frequently used Flymake functions, such as | |
126 @code{flymake-goto-next-error}, to some keyboard shortcuts: | |
127 | |
128 @lisp | |
129 (global-set-key [f3] 'flymake-display-err-menu-for-current-line) | |
130 (global-set-key [f4] 'flymake-goto-next-error) | |
131 @end lisp | |
132 | |
133 @node Using Flymake | |
134 @chapter Using Flymake | |
135 @cindex Using Flymake | |
136 | |
137 @menu | |
138 * Flymake mode:: | |
139 * Running the syntax check:: | |
140 * Navigating to error lines:: | |
141 * Viewing error messages:: | |
142 * Syntax check statuses:: | |
143 * Troubleshooting:: | |
144 @end menu | |
145 | |
146 @node Flymake mode | |
147 @section Flymake mode | |
148 @cindex flymake-mode | |
149 | |
150 Flymake is an Emacs minor mode. To use Flymake, you | |
151 must first activate @code{flymake-mode} by using the | |
152 @code{flymake-mode} function. | |
153 | |
154 Instead of manually activating @code{flymake-mode}, you can configure | |
155 Flymake to automatically enable @code{flymake-mode} upon opening any | |
156 file for which syntax check is possible. To do so, place the following | |
157 line in @code{.emacs}: | |
158 | |
159 @lisp | |
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160 (add-hook 'find-file-hook 'flymake-find-file-hook) |
55822 | 161 @end lisp |
162 | |
163 @node Running the syntax check | |
164 @section Running the syntax check | |
165 @cindex Manually starting the syntax check | |
166 | |
167 When @code{flymake-mode} is active, syntax check is started | |
168 automatically on any of the three conditions mentioned above. Syntax | |
169 check can also be started manually by using the | |
170 @code{flymake-start-syntax-check-for-current-buffer} function. This | |
171 can be used, for example, when changes were made to some other buffer | |
172 affecting the current buffer. | |
173 | |
174 @node Navigating to error lines | |
175 @section Navigating to error lines | |
176 @cindex Navigating to error lines | |
177 | |
178 After syntax check is completed, lines for which at least one error or | |
179 warning has been reported are highlighted, and total number of errors | |
180 and warning is shown in the mode line. Use the following functions to | |
181 navigate the highlighted lines. | |
182 | |
183 @multitable @columnfractions 0.25 0.75 | |
184 | |
185 @item @code{flymake-goto-next-error} | |
186 @tab Moves point to the next erroneous line, if any. | |
187 | |
188 @item @code{flymake-goto-prev-error} | |
189 @tab Moves point to the previous erroneous line. | |
190 | |
191 @end multitable | |
192 | |
193 These functions treat erroneous lines as a linked list. Therefore, | |
194 @code{flymake-goto-next-error} will go to the first erroneous line | |
195 when invoked in the end of the buffer. | |
196 | |
197 @node Viewing error messages | |
198 @section Viewing error messages | |
199 @cindex Viewing error messages | |
200 | |
201 To view error messages belonging to the current line, use the | |
202 @code{flymake-display-err-menu-for-current-line} function. If there's | |
203 at least one error or warning reported for the current line, this | |
204 function will display a popup menu with error/warning texts. | |
205 Selecting the menu item whose error belongs to another file brings | |
206 forward that file with the help of the | |
207 @code{flymake-goto-file-and-line} function. | |
208 | |
209 @node Syntax check statuses | |
210 @section Syntax check statuses | |
211 @cindex Syntax check statuses | |
212 | |
213 After syntax check is finished, its status is displayed in the mode line. | |
214 The following statuses are defined. | |
215 | |
216 @multitable @columnfractions 0.25 0.75 | |
217 @item Flymake* or Flymake:E/W* | |
218 @tab Flymake is currently running. For the second case, E/W contains the | |
219 error and warning count for the previous run. | |
220 | |
221 @item Flymake | |
222 @tab Syntax check is not running. Usually this means syntax check was | |
223 successfully passed (no errors, no warnings). Other possibilities are: | |
224 syntax check was killed as a result of executing | |
225 @code{flymake-compile}, or syntax check cannot start as compilation | |
226 is currently in progress. | |
227 | |
228 @item Flymake:E/W | |
229 @tab Number of errors/warnings found by the syntax check process. | |
230 | |
231 @item Flymake:! | |
232 @tab Flymake was unable to find master file for the current buffer. | |
233 @end multitable | |
234 | |
235 The following errors cause a warning message and switch flymake mode | |
236 OFF for the buffer. | |
237 | |
238 @multitable @columnfractions 0.25 0.75 | |
239 @item CFGERR | |
240 @tab Syntax check process returned nonzero exit code, but no | |
241 errors/warnings were reported. This indicates a possible configuration | |
242 error (for example, no suitable error message patterns for the | |
243 syntax check tool). | |
244 | |
245 @item NOMASTER | |
246 @tab Flymake was unable to find master file for the current buffer. | |
247 | |
248 @item NOMK | |
249 @tab Flymake was unable to find a suitable buildfile for the current buffer. | |
250 | |
251 @item PROCERR | |
252 @tab Flymake was unable to launch a syntax check process. | |
253 @end multitable | |
254 | |
255 | |
256 @node Troubleshooting | |
257 @section Troubleshooting | |
258 @cindex Logging | |
259 @cindex Troubleshooting | |
260 | |
261 Flymake uses a simple logging facility for indicating important points | |
262 in the control flow. The logging facility sends logging messages to | |
263 the @code{*Messages*} buffer. The information logged can be used for | |
264 resolving various problems related to Flymake. | |
265 | |
266 Logging output is controlled by the @code{flymake-log-level} | |
267 variable. @code{3} is the most verbose level, and @code{-1} switches | |
268 logging off. | |
269 | |
270 @node Configuring Flymake | |
271 @chapter Configuring and Extending Flymake | |
272 @cindex Configuring and Extending Flymake | |
273 | |
274 @menu | |
275 * Customizable variables:: | |
276 * Adding support for a new syntax check tool:: | |
277 @end menu | |
278 | |
279 Flymake was designed to be easily extended for supporting new syntax | |
280 check tools and error message patterns. | |
281 | |
282 @node Customizable variables | |
283 @section Customizable variables | |
284 @cindex Customizable variables | |
285 | |
63600 | 286 This section summarizes variables used for Flymake |
55822 | 287 configuration. |
288 | |
289 @table @code | |
290 @item flymake-log-level | |
291 Controls logging output, see @ref{Troubleshooting}. | |
292 | |
293 @item flymake-allowed-file-name-masks | |
294 A list of @code{(filename-regexp, init-function, cleanup-function | |
295 getfname-function)} for configuring syntax check tools. @xref{Adding | |
296 support for a new syntax check tool}. | |
297 | |
298 @item flymake-buildfile-dirs | |
299 A list of directories (relative paths) for searching a | |
300 buildfile. @xref{Locating the buildfile}. | |
301 | |
302 @item flymake-master-file-dirs | |
303 A list of directories for searching a master file. @xref{Locating a | |
304 master file}. | |
305 | |
306 @item flymake-get-project-include-dirs-function | |
307 A function used for obtaining a list of project include dirs (C/C++ | |
308 specific). @xref{Getting the include directories}. | |
309 | |
310 @item flymake-master-file-count-limit | |
311 @itemx flymake-check-file-limit | |
312 Used when looking for a master file. @xref{Locating a master file}. | |
313 | |
314 @item flymake-err-line-patterns | |
315 Patterns for error/warning messages in the form @code{(regexp file-idx | |
316 line-idx err-text-idx)}. @xref{Parsing the output}. | |
317 | |
318 @item flymake-compilation-prevents-syntax-check | |
319 A flag indicating whether compilation and syntax check of the same | |
320 file cannot be run simultaneously. | |
321 | |
322 @item flymake-no-changes-timeout | |
323 If any changes are made to the buffer, syntax check is automatically | |
324 started after @code{flymake-no-changes-timeout} seconds. | |
325 | |
326 @item flymake-gui-warnings-enabled | |
327 A boolean flag indicating whether Flymake will show message boxes for | |
328 non-recoverable errors. If @code{flymake-gui-warnings-enabled} is | |
329 @code{nil}, these errors will only be logged to the @code{*Messages*} | |
330 buffer. | |
331 | |
332 @item flymake-start-syntax-check-on-newline | |
333 A boolean flag indicating whether to start syntax check after a | |
334 newline character is added to the buffer. | |
335 | |
336 @item flymake-errline-face | |
337 A custom face for highlighting lines for which at least one error has | |
338 been reported. | |
339 | |
340 @item flymake-warnline-face | |
341 A custom face for highlighting lines for which at least one warning | |
342 and no errors have been reported. | |
343 | |
344 @end table | |
345 | |
346 @node Adding support for a new syntax check tool | |
347 @section Adding support for a new syntax check tool | |
348 @cindex Adding support for a new syntax check tool | |
349 | |
350 @menu | |
351 * Example -- Configuring a tool called directly:: | |
352 * Example -- Configuring a tool called via make:: | |
353 @end menu | |
354 | |
355 Syntax check tools are configured using the | |
356 @code{flymake-allowed-file-name-masks} list. Each item of this list | |
357 has the following format: | |
358 | |
359 @lisp | |
360 (filename-regexp, init-function, cleanup-function, getfname-function) | |
361 @end lisp | |
362 | |
363 @table @code | |
364 @item filename-regexp | |
365 This field is used as a key for locating init/cleanup/getfname | |
366 functions for the buffer. Items in | |
367 @code{flymake-allowed-file-name-masks} are searched sequentially. The | |
368 first item with @code{filename-regexp} matching buffer filename is | |
369 selected. If no match is found, @code{flymake-mode} is switched off. | |
370 | |
371 @item init-function | |
63600 | 372 @code{init-function} is required to initialize the syntax check, |
55822 | 373 usually by creating a temporary copy of the buffer contents. The |
374 function must return @code{(list cmd-name arg-list)}. If | |
375 @code{init-function} returns null, syntax check is aborted, by | |
376 @code{flymake-mode} is not switched off. | |
377 | |
378 @item cleanup-function | |
379 @code{cleanup-function} is called after the syntax check process is | |
380 complete and should take care of proper deinitialization, which is | |
381 usually deleting a temporary copy created by the @code{init-function}. | |
382 | |
383 @item getfname-function | |
384 This function is used for translating filenames reported by the syntax | |
385 check tool into ``real'' filenames. Filenames reported by the tool | |
386 will be different from the real ones, as actually the tool works with | |
387 the temporary copy. In most cases, the default implementation | |
388 provided by Flymake, @code{flymake-get-real-file-name}, can be used as | |
389 @code{getfname-function}. | |
390 | |
391 @end table | |
392 | |
393 To add support for a new syntax check tool, write corresponding | |
394 @code{init-function}, and, optionally @code{cleanup-function} and | |
395 @code{getfname-function}. If the format of error messages reported by | |
396 the new tool is not yet supported by Flymake, add a new entry to | |
397 the @code{flymake-err-line-patterns} list. | |
398 | |
399 The following sections contain some examples of configuring Flymake | |
400 support for various syntax check tools. | |
401 | |
402 @node Example -- Configuring a tool called directly | |
403 @subsection Example -- Configuring a tool called directly | |
404 @cindex Adding support for perl | |
405 | |
406 In this example, we will add support for @code{perl} as a syntax check | |
407 tool. @code{perl} supports the @code{-c} option which does syntax | |
408 checking. | |
409 | |
410 First, we write the @code{init-function}: | |
411 | |
412 @lisp | |
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413 (defun flymake-perl-init (buffer) |
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414 (let* ((temp-file (flymake-init-create-temp-buffer-copy |
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415 buffer 'flymake-create-temp-inplace)) |
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416 (local-file (concat (flymake-build-relative-filename |
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417 (file-name-directory |
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418 (buffer-file-name |
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419 (current-buffer))) |
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420 (file-name-directory temp-file)) |
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421 (file-name-nondirectory temp-file)))) |
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422 (list "perl" (list "-wc " local-file)))) |
55822 | 423 @end lisp |
424 | |
425 @code{flymake-perl-init} creates a temporary copy of the buffer | |
426 contents with the help of | |
427 @code{flymake-init-create-temp-buffer-copy}, and builds an appropriate | |
428 command line. | |
429 | |
430 Next, we add a new entry to the | |
431 @code{flymake-allowed-file-name-masks}: | |
432 | |
433 @lisp | |
434 (setq flymake-allowed-file-name-masks | |
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435 (cons '(".+\\.pl$" |
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436 flymake-perl-init |
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437 flymake-simple-cleanup |
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438 flymake-get-real-file-name) |
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439 flymake-allowed-file-name-masks)) |
55822 | 440 @end lisp |
441 | |
442 Note that we use standard @code{cleanup-function} and | |
443 @code{getfname-function}. | |
444 | |
445 Finally, we add an entry to @code{flymake-err-line-patterns}: | |
446 | |
447 @lisp | |
448 (setq flymake-err-line-patterns | |
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449 (cons '("\\(.*\\) at \\([^ \n]+\\) line \\([0-9]+\\)[,.\n]" |
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450 2 3 nil 1) |
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451 flymake-err-line-patterns)) |
55822 | 452 @end lisp |
453 | |
454 @node Example -- Configuring a tool called via make | |
455 @subsection Example -- Configuring a tool called via make | |
456 @cindex Adding support for C (gcc+make) | |
457 | |
458 In this example we will add support for C files syntax checked by | |
459 @code{gcc} called via @code{make}. | |
460 | |
461 We're not required to write any new functions, as Flymake already has | |
462 functions for @code{make}. We just add a new entry to the | |
463 @code{flymake-allowed-file-name-masks}: | |
464 | |
465 @lisp | |
466 (setq flymake-allowed-file-name-masks | |
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467 (cons '(".+\\.c$" |
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468 flymake-simple-make-init |
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469 flymake-simple-cleanup |
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470 flymake-get-real-file-name) |
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471 flymake-allowed-file-name-masks)) |
55822 | 472 @end lisp |
473 | |
474 @code{flymake-simple-make-init} builds the following @code{make} | |
475 command line: | |
476 | |
477 @lisp | |
478 (list "make" | |
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479 (list "-s" "-C" |
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480 base-dir |
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481 (concat "CHK_SOURCES=" source) |
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482 "SYNTAX_CHECK_MODE=1" |
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483 "check-syntax")) |
55822 | 484 @end lisp |
485 | |
486 @code{base-dir} is a directory containing @code{Makefile}, see @ref{Locating the buildfile}. | |
487 | |
488 Thus, @code{Makefile} must contain the @code{check-syntax} target. In | |
489 our case this target might look like this: | |
490 | |
491 @verbatim | |
492 check-syntax: | |
493 gcc -o nul -S ${CHK_SOURCES} | |
494 @end verbatim | |
495 | |
496 The format of error messages reported by @code{gcc} is already | |
497 supported by Flymake, so we don't have to add a new entry to | |
498 @code{flymake-err-line-patterns}. | |
499 | |
500 @node Flymake Implementation | |
501 @chapter Flymake Implementation | |
502 @cindex Implementation details | |
503 | |
504 @menu | |
505 * Determining whether syntax check is possible:: | |
506 * Making a temporary copy:: | |
507 * Locating a master file:: | |
508 * Getting the include directories:: | |
509 * Locating the buildfile:: | |
510 * Starting the syntax check process:: | |
511 * Parsing the output:: | |
512 * Highlighting erroneous lines:: | |
513 * Interaction with other modes:: | |
514 @end menu | |
515 | |
516 Syntax check is started by calling @code{flymake-start-syntax-check-for-current-buffer}. | |
517 Flymake first determines whether it is able to do syntax | |
518 check. It then saves a copy of the buffer in a temporary file in the | |
519 buffer's directory (or in the system temp directory -- for java | |
520 files), creates a syntax check command and launches a process with | |
521 this command. The output is parsed using a list of error message patterns, | |
522 and error information (file name, line number, type and text) is | |
523 saved. After the process has finished, Flymake highlights erroneous | |
524 lines in the buffer using the accumulated error information. | |
525 | |
526 @node Determining whether syntax check is possible | |
527 @section Determining whether syntax check is possible | |
528 @cindex Syntax check models | |
529 @cindex Master file | |
530 | |
531 Syntax check is considered possible if there's an entry in | |
532 @code{flymake-allowed-file-name-masks} matching buffer's filename and | |
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533 its @code{init-function} returns non-@code{nil} value. |
55822 | 534 |
535 Two syntax check modes are distinguished: | |
536 | |
537 @enumerate | |
538 | |
539 @item | |
540 Buffer can be syntax checked in a standalone fashion, that is, the | |
541 file (its temporary copy, in fact) can be passed over to the compiler to | |
542 do the syntax check. Examples are C/C++ (.c, .cpp) and Java (.java) | |
543 sources. | |
544 | |
545 @item | |
546 Buffer can be syntax checked, but additional file, called master file, | |
547 is required to perform this operation. A master file is a file that | |
548 includes the current file, so that running a syntax check tool on it | |
549 will also check syntax in the current file. Examples are C/C++ (.h, | |
550 .hpp) headers. | |
551 | |
552 @end enumerate | |
553 | |
554 These modes are handled inside init/cleanup/getfname functions, see | |
555 @ref{Adding support for a new syntax check tool}. | |
556 | |
557 Flymake contains implementations of all functionality required to | |
558 support different syntax check modes described above (making | |
559 temporary copies, finding master files, etc.), as well as some | |
560 tool-specific (routines for @code{make}, @code{Ant}, etc.) code. | |
561 | |
562 | |
563 @node Making a temporary copy | |
564 @section Making a temporary copy | |
565 @cindex Temporary copy of the buffer | |
566 @cindex Master file | |
567 | |
568 After the possibility of the syntax check has been determined, a | |
569 temporary copy of the current buffer is made so that the most recent | |
570 unsaved changes could be seen by the syntax check tool. Making a copy | |
571 is quite straightforward in a standalone case (mode @code{1}), as it's | |
572 just saving buffer contents to a temporary file. | |
573 | |
574 Things get trickier, however, when master file is involved, as it | |
575 requires to | |
576 | |
577 @itemize @bullet | |
578 @item locate a master file | |
579 @item patch it to include the current file using its new (temporary) | |
580 name. | |
581 @end itemize | |
582 | |
583 Locating a master file is discussed in the following section. | |
584 | |
585 Patching just changes all appropriate lines of the master file so that they | |
586 use the new (temporary) name of the current file. For example, suppose current | |
587 file name is @code{file.h}, the master file is @code{file.cpp}, and | |
588 it includes current file via @code{#include "file.h"}. Current file's copy | |
589 is saved to file @code{file_flymake.h}, so the include line must be | |
590 changed to @code{#include "file_flymake.h"}. Finally, patched master file | |
591 is saved to @code{file_flymake_master.cpp}, and the last one is passed to | |
592 the syntax check tool. | |
593 | |
594 @node Locating a master file | |
595 @section Locating a master file | |
596 @cindex Master file | |
597 | |
598 Master file is located in two steps. | |
599 | |
600 First, a list of possible master files is built. A simple name | |
601 matching is used to find the files. For a C++ header @code{file.h}, | |
602 Flymake searches for all @code{.cpp} files in the directories whose relative paths are | |
603 stored in a customizable variable @code{flymake-master-file-dirs}, which | |
604 usually contains something like @code{("." "./src")}. No more than | |
605 @code{flymake-master-file-count-limit} entries is added to the master file | |
606 list. The list is then sorted to move files with names @code{file.cpp} to | |
607 the top. | |
608 | |
609 Next, each master file in a list is checked to contain the appropriate | |
610 include directives. No more than @code{flymake-check-file-limit} of each | |
611 file are parsed. | |
612 | |
613 For @code{file.h}, the include directives to look for are | |
614 @code{#include "file.h"}, @code{#include "../file.h"}, etc. Each | |
615 include is checked against a list of include directories | |
616 (see @ref{Getting the include directories}) to be sure it points to the | |
617 correct @code{file.h}. | |
618 | |
619 First matching master file found stops the search. The master file is then | |
620 patched and saved to disk. In case no master file is found, syntax check is | |
621 aborted, and corresponding status (!) is reported in the mode line. | |
622 | |
623 @node Getting the include directories | |
624 @section Getting the include directories | |
625 @cindex Include directories (C/C++ specific) | |
626 | |
627 Two sets of include directories are distinguished: system include directories | |
628 and project include directories. The former is just the contents of the | |
629 @code{INCLUDE} environment variable. The latter is not so easy to obtain, | |
630 and the way it can be obtained can vary greatly for different projects. | |
631 Therefore, a customizable variable | |
632 @code{flymake-get-project-include-dirs-function} is used to provide the | |
63600 | 633 way to implement the desired behavior. |
55822 | 634 |
635 The default implementation, @code{flymake-get-project-include-dirs-imp}, | |
636 uses a @code{make} call. This requires a correct base directory, that is, a | |
637 directory containing a correct @code{Makefile}, to be determined. | |
638 | |
639 As obtaining the project include directories might be a costly operation, its | |
640 return value is cached in the hash table. The cache is cleared in the beginning | |
641 of every syntax check attempt. | |
642 | |
643 @node Locating the buildfile | |
644 @section Locating the buildfile | |
645 @cindex Locating the buildfile | |
646 @cindex buildfile, locating | |
647 @cindex Makefile, locating | |
648 | |
649 Flymake can be configured to use different tools for performing syntax | |
650 checks. For example, it can use direct compiler call to syntax check a perl | |
651 script or a call to @code{make} for a more complicated case of a | |
63600 | 652 @code{C/C++} source. The general idea is that simple files, like perl |
55822 | 653 scripts and html pages, can be checked by directly invoking a |
654 corresponding tool. Files that are usually more complex and generally | |
655 used as part of larger projects, might require non-trivial options to | |
656 be passed to the syntax check tool, like include directories for | |
657 C++. The latter files are syntax checked using some build tool, like | |
658 @code{make} or @code{Ant}. | |
659 | |
660 All @code{make} configuration data is usually stored in a file called | |
661 @code{Makefile}. To allow for future extensions, flymake uses a notion of | |
662 buildfile to reference the 'project configuration' file. | |
663 | |
664 Special function, @code{flymake-find-buildfile} is provided for locating buildfiles. | |
665 Searching for a buildfile is done in a manner similar to that of searching | |
666 for possible master files. A customizable variable | |
667 @code{flymake-buildfile-dirs} holds a list of relative paths to the | |
668 buildfile. They are checked sequentially until a buildfile is found. In case | |
669 there's no build file, syntax check is aborted. | |
670 | |
671 Buildfile values are also cached. | |
672 | |
673 @node Starting the syntax check process | |
674 @section Starting the syntax check process | |
675 @cindex Syntax check process | |
676 | |
677 The command line (command name and the list of arguments) for launching a process is returned by the | |
678 initialization function. Flymake then just calls @code{start-process} | |
679 to start an asynchronous process and configures process filter and | |
680 sentinel which is used for processing the output of the syntax check | |
681 tool. | |
682 | |
683 @node Parsing the output | |
684 @section Parsing the output | |
685 @cindex Parsing the output | |
686 | |
687 The output generated by the syntax check tool is parsed in the process | |
688 filter/sentinel using the error message patterns stored in the | |
689 @code{flymake-err-line-patterns} variable. This variable contains a | |
690 list of items of the form @code{(regexp file-idx line-idx | |
691 err-text-idx)}, used to determine whether a particular line is an | |
692 error message and extract file name, line number and error text, | |
693 respectively. Error type (error/warning) is also guessed by matching | |
694 error text with the '@code{^[wW]arning}' pattern. Anything that was not | |
695 classified as a warning is considered an error. Type is then used to | |
696 sort error menu items, which shows error messages first. | |
697 | |
698 Flymake is also able to interpret error message patterns missing err-text-idx | |
699 information. This is done by merely taking the rest of the matched line | |
700 (@code{(substring line (match-end 0))}) as error text. This trick allows | |
701 to make use of a huge collection of error message line patterns from | |
702 @code{compile.el}. All these error patterns are appended to | |
703 the end of @code{flymake-err-line-patterns}. | |
704 | |
705 The error information obtained is saved in a buffer local | |
706 variable. The buffer for which the process output belongs is | |
707 determined from the process-id@w{}->@w{}buffer mapping updated | |
708 after every process launch/exit. | |
709 | |
710 @node Highlighting erroneous lines | |
711 @section Highlighting erroneous lines | |
712 @cindex Erroneous lines, faces | |
713 | |
714 Highlighting is implemented with overlays and happens in the process | |
715 sentinel, after calling the cleanup function. Two customizable faces | |
716 are used: @code{flymake-errline-face} and | |
717 @code{flymake-warnline-face}. Errors belonging outside the current | |
718 buffer are considered to belong to line 1 of the current buffer. | |
719 | |
720 @node Interaction with other modes | |
721 @section Interaction with other modes | |
722 @cindex Interaction with other modes | |
723 @cindex Interaction with compile mode | |
724 | |
725 The only mode flymake currently knows about is @code{compile}. | |
726 | |
727 Flymake can be configured to not start syntax check if it thinks the | |
728 compilation is in progress. The check is made by the | |
729 @code{flymake-compilation-is-running}, which tests the | |
730 @code{compilation-in-progress} variable. The reason why this might be | |
731 useful is saving CPU time in case both syntax check and compilation | |
732 are very CPU intensive. The original reason for adding this feature, | |
733 though, was working around a locking problem with MS Visual C++ compiler. | |
734 | |
735 Flymake also provides an alternative command for starting compilation, | |
736 @code{flymake-compile}: | |
737 | |
738 @lisp | |
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739 (defun flymake-compile () |
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740 "Kill all flymake syntax checks then start compilation." |
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741 (interactive) |
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742 (flymake-stop-all-syntax-checks) |
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743 (call-interactively 'compile)) |
55822 | 744 @end lisp |
745 | |
746 It just kills all the active syntax check processes before calling | |
747 @code{compile}. | |
748 | |
77235 | 749 @node GNU Free Documentation License |
750 @appendix GNU Free Documentation License | |
751 @include doclicense.texi | |
752 | |
55822 | 753 @node Index |
754 @unnumbered Index | |
755 | |
756 @printindex cp | |
757 | |
758 @bye | |
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759 |
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760 @ignore |
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761 arch-tag: 9f0db077-5598-49ab-90b9-8df9248a63ec |
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762 @end ignore |