Mercurial > emacs
annotate lispref/elisp.texi @ 35123:767b546e1676
Update to version 4.0. Provide support
for detecting a keypress that generates an ASCII key sequence.
(Previously, only a keypress that generates a vector was
recognized.) Embed Window Manager name into name of the generated
EDT Emulation initialization file since the initialization file is
Window Manager specific. Add Commentary section to file header.
author | Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org> |
---|---|
date | Mon, 08 Jan 2001 13:18:18 +0000 |
parents | 723b82dbe657 |
children | 26912db550c3 |
rev | line source |
---|---|
6451 | 1 \input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*- |
2 @c %**start of header | |
3 @setfilename elisp | |
4 @settitle GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual | |
5 @c %**end of header | |
6 | |
22458
2dc151a2d117
Add @dircategory, @direntry.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
22267
diff
changeset
|
7 @dircategory Editors |
2dc151a2d117
Add @dircategory, @direntry.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
22267
diff
changeset
|
8 @direntry |
2dc151a2d117
Add @dircategory, @direntry.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
22267
diff
changeset
|
9 * Elisp: (elisp). The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual. |
2dc151a2d117
Add @dircategory, @direntry.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
22267
diff
changeset
|
10 @end direntry |
2dc151a2d117
Add @dircategory, @direntry.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
22267
diff
changeset
|
11 |
22138
d4ac295a98b3
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21702
diff
changeset
|
12 @smallbook |
28952 | 13 @setchapternewpage odd |
14 @finalout | |
15 | |
16 @c Combine indices. | |
17 @synindex cp fn | |
18 @syncodeindex vr fn | |
19 @syncodeindex ky fn | |
20 @syncodeindex pg fn | |
21 @c We use the "type index" to index new functions and variables. | |
22 @c @syncodeindex tp fn | |
22138
d4ac295a98b3
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21702
diff
changeset
|
23 |
27193 | 24 @ifnottex |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
24951
diff
changeset
|
25 This Info file contains edition 2.6 of the GNU Emacs Lisp |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
24951
diff
changeset
|
26 Reference Manual, corresponding to Emacs version 21.1. |
6451 | 27 @c Please REMEMBER to update edition number in *four* places in this file |
28 @c and also in *one* place in intro.texi | |
29 | |
30 Published by the Free Software Foundation | |
15725 | 31 59 Temple Place, Suite 330 |
32 Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA | |
6451 | 33 |
28952 | 34 Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, 1999, 2000 |
24951
7451b1458af1
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
22458
diff
changeset
|
35 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
6451 | 36 |
28952 | 37 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document |
38 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or | |
39 any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the | |
29127 | 40 Invariant Sections being ``Copying'', with the Front-Cover texts being |
41 ``A GNU Manual'', and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below. A copy | |
42 of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU Free | |
43 Documentation License''. | |
6451 | 44 |
28952 | 45 (a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: ``You have freedom to copy and modify |
46 this GNU Manual, like GNU software. Copies published by the Free | |
47 Software Foundation raise funds for GNU development.'' | |
27193 | 48 @end ifnottex |
6451 | 49 |
50 @titlepage | |
51 @title GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual | |
25875 | 52 @subtitle For Emacs Version 21 |
6451 | 53 @c The edition number appears in several places in this file |
54 @c and also in the file intro.texi. | |
29127 | 55 @subtitle Revision 2.6, May 2000 |
6451 | 56 |
57 @author by Bil Lewis, Dan LaLiberte, Richard Stallman | |
58 @author and the GNU Manual Group | |
59 @page | |
60 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll | |
28952 | 61 Copyright @copyright{} 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, 1999, 2000 |
24951
7451b1458af1
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
22458
diff
changeset
|
62 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
6451 | 63 |
64 @sp 2 | |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
24951
diff
changeset
|
65 Edition 2.6 @* |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
24951
diff
changeset
|
66 Revised for Emacs Version 21.1,@* |
29127 | 67 May 2000.@* |
6451 | 68 @sp 2 |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
24951
diff
changeset
|
69 ISBN 1-882114-73-6 |
6451 | 70 |
71 @sp 2 | |
72 Published by the Free Software Foundation @* | |
15725 | 73 59 Temple Place, Suite 330@* |
74 Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA | |
6451 | 75 |
28952 | 76 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document |
77 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or | |
78 any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the | |
29127 | 79 Invariant Sections being ``Copying'', with the Front-Cover texts being |
80 ``A GNU Manual'', and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below. A copy | |
81 of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU Free | |
82 Documentation License''. | |
6451 | 83 |
28952 | 84 (a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: ``You have freedom to copy and modify |
85 this GNU Manual, like GNU software. Copies published by the Free | |
86 Software Foundation raise funds for GNU development.'' | |
6451 | 87 |
88 Cover art by Etienne Suvasa. | |
89 @end titlepage | |
90 @page | |
91 | |
29256 | 92 @node Top, Introduction, (dir), (dir) |
6451 | 93 |
27193 | 94 @ifnottex |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
24951
diff
changeset
|
95 This Info file contains edition 2.6 of the GNU Emacs Lisp |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
24951
diff
changeset
|
96 Reference Manual, corresponding to GNU Emacs version 21.1. |
27193 | 97 @end ifnottex |
6451 | 98 |
99 @menu | |
100 * Introduction:: Introduction and conventions used. | |
29256 | 101 * Standards: Coding Conventions. Coding conventions for Emacs Lisp. |
6451 | 102 |
7337
cd57cd335fff
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
6451
diff
changeset
|
103 * Lisp Data Types:: Data types of objects in Emacs Lisp. |
6451 | 104 * Numbers:: Numbers and arithmetic functions. |
105 * Strings and Characters:: Strings, and functions that work on them. | |
106 * Lists:: Lists, cons cells, and related functions. | |
107 * Sequences Arrays Vectors:: Lists, strings and vectors are called sequences. | |
108 Certain functions act on any kind of sequence. | |
109 The description of vectors is here as well. | |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
24951
diff
changeset
|
110 * Hash Tables:: Very fast lookup-tables. |
6451 | 111 * Symbols:: Symbols represent names, uniquely. |
112 | |
113 * Evaluation:: How Lisp expressions are evaluated. | |
114 * Control Structures:: Conditionals, loops, nonlocal exits. | |
115 * Variables:: Using symbols in programs to stand for values. | |
116 * Functions:: A function is a Lisp program | |
117 that can be invoked from other functions. | |
118 * Macros:: Macros are a way to extend the Lisp language. | |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17279
diff
changeset
|
119 * Customization:: Writing customization declarations. |
6451 | 120 |
121 * Loading:: Reading files of Lisp code into Lisp. | |
122 * Byte Compilation:: Compilation makes programs run faster. | |
21702
05b1a2703a49
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
123 * Advising Functions:: Adding to the definition of a function. |
6451 | 124 * Debugging:: Tools and tips for debugging Lisp programs. |
125 | |
7337
cd57cd335fff
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
6451
diff
changeset
|
126 * Read and Print:: Converting Lisp objects to text and back. |
6451 | 127 * Minibuffers:: Using the minibuffer to read input. |
128 * Command Loop:: How the editor command loop works, | |
129 and how you can call its subroutines. | |
130 * Keymaps:: Defining the bindings from keys to commands. | |
131 * Modes:: Defining major and minor modes. | |
132 * Documentation:: Writing and using documentation strings. | |
133 | |
134 * Files:: Accessing files. | |
135 * Backups and Auto-Saving:: Controlling how backups and auto-save | |
136 files are made. | |
137 * Buffers:: Creating and using buffer objects. | |
138 * Windows:: Manipulating windows and displaying buffers. | |
139 * Frames:: Making multiple X windows. | |
140 * Positions:: Buffer positions and motion functions. | |
141 * Markers:: Markers represent positions and update | |
142 automatically when the text is changed. | |
143 | |
144 * Text:: Examining and changing text in buffers. | |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17279
diff
changeset
|
145 * Non-ASCII Characters:: Non-ASCII text in buffers and strings. |
6451 | 146 * Searching and Matching:: Searching buffers for strings or regexps. |
147 * Syntax Tables:: The syntax table controls word and list parsing. | |
148 * Abbrevs:: How Abbrev mode works, and its data structures. | |
149 | |
150 * Processes:: Running and communicating with subprocesses. | |
33146 | 151 * Display:: Features for controlling the screen display. |
152 * Calendar:: Customizing the calendar and diary. | |
6451 | 153 * System Interface:: Getting the user id, system type, environment |
154 variables, and other such things. | |
155 | |
156 Appendices | |
157 | |
26211 | 158 * Antinews:: Info for users downgrading to Emacs 20. |
30904 | 159 * GNU Free Documentation License:: The license for this documentation |
29149 | 160 * GPL:: Conditions for copying and changing GNU Emacs. |
17279
d2c67029b824
Add detailed listing for the Tips appendix.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
16735
diff
changeset
|
161 * Tips:: Advice and coding conventions for Emacs Lisp. |
6451 | 162 * GNU Emacs Internals:: Building and dumping Emacs; |
163 internal data structures. | |
164 * Standard Errors:: List of all error symbols. | |
21702
05b1a2703a49
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
165 * Standard Buffer-Local Variables:: |
05b1a2703a49
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
166 List of variables buffer-local in all buffers. |
6451 | 167 * Standard Keymaps:: List of standard keymaps. |
168 * Standard Hooks:: List of standard hook variables. | |
169 | |
170 * Index:: Index including concepts, functions, variables, | |
171 and other terms. | |
172 | |
25875 | 173 * New Symbols:: New functions and variables in Emacs 21. |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17279
diff
changeset
|
174 |
6451 | 175 --- The Detailed Node Listing --- |
176 | |
177 Here are other nodes that are inferiors of those already listed, | |
178 mentioned here so you can get to them in one step: | |
179 | |
180 Introduction | |
181 | |
182 * Caveats:: Flaws and a request for help. | |
183 * Lisp History:: Emacs Lisp is descended from Maclisp. | |
184 * Conventions:: How the manual is formatted. | |
185 * Acknowledgements:: The authors, editors, and sponsors of this manual. | |
186 | |
187 Conventions | |
188 | |
189 * Some Terms:: Explanation of terms we use in this manual. | |
190 * nil and t:: How the symbols @code{nil} and @code{t} are used. | |
191 * Evaluation Notation:: The format we use for examples of evaluation. | |
192 * Printing Notation:: The format we use for examples that print output. | |
193 * Error Messages:: The format we use for examples of errors. | |
194 * Buffer Text Notation:: The format we use for buffer contents in examples. | |
195 * Format of Descriptions:: Notation for describing functions, variables, etc. | |
196 | |
17279
d2c67029b824
Add detailed listing for the Tips appendix.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
16735
diff
changeset
|
197 Tips and Conventions |
d2c67029b824
Add detailed listing for the Tips appendix.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
16735
diff
changeset
|
198 |
d2c67029b824
Add detailed listing for the Tips appendix.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
16735
diff
changeset
|
199 * Coding Conventions:: Conventions for clean and robust programs. |
d2c67029b824
Add detailed listing for the Tips appendix.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
16735
diff
changeset
|
200 * Compilation Tips:: Making compiled code run fast. |
d2c67029b824
Add detailed listing for the Tips appendix.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
16735
diff
changeset
|
201 * Documentation Tips:: Writing readable documentation strings. |
d2c67029b824
Add detailed listing for the Tips appendix.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
16735
diff
changeset
|
202 * Comment Tips:: Conventions for writing comments. |
d2c67029b824
Add detailed listing for the Tips appendix.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
16735
diff
changeset
|
203 * Library Headers:: Standard headers for library packages. |
d2c67029b824
Add detailed listing for the Tips appendix.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
16735
diff
changeset
|
204 |
6451 | 205 Format of Descriptions |
206 | |
207 * A Sample Function Description:: | |
208 * A Sample Variable Description:: | |
209 | |
210 Lisp Data Types | |
211 | |
212 * Printed Representation:: How Lisp objects are represented as text. | |
213 * Comments:: Comments and their formatting conventions. | |
214 * Programming Types:: Types found in all Lisp systems. | |
215 * Editing Types:: Types specific to Emacs. | |
216 * Type Predicates:: Tests related to types. | |
217 * Equality Predicates:: Tests of equality between any two objects. | |
218 | |
219 Programming Types | |
220 | |
221 * Integer Type:: Numbers without fractional parts. | |
222 * Floating Point Type:: Numbers with fractional parts and with a large range. | |
223 * Character Type:: The representation of letters, numbers and | |
25875 | 224 control characters. |
6451 | 225 * Sequence Type:: Both lists and arrays are classified as sequences. |
7337
cd57cd335fff
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
6451
diff
changeset
|
226 * Cons Cell Type:: Cons cells, and lists (which are made from cons cells). |
6451 | 227 * Array Type:: Arrays include strings and vectors. |
228 * String Type:: An (efficient) array of characters. | |
229 * Vector Type:: One-dimensional arrays. | |
230 * Symbol Type:: A multi-use object that refers to a function, | |
231 variable, property list, or itself. | |
7337
cd57cd335fff
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
6451
diff
changeset
|
232 * Function Type:: A piece of executable code you can call from elsewhere. |
cd57cd335fff
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
6451
diff
changeset
|
233 * Macro Type:: A method of expanding an expression into another |
6451 | 234 expression, more fundamental but less pretty. |
235 * Primitive Function Type:: A function written in C, callable from Lisp. | |
236 * Byte-Code Type:: A function written in Lisp, then compiled. | |
237 * Autoload Type:: A type used for automatically loading seldom-used | |
25875 | 238 functions. |
6451 | 239 |
240 List Type | |
241 | |
242 * Dotted Pair Notation:: An alternative syntax for lists. | |
243 * Association List Type:: A specially constructed list. | |
244 | |
245 Editing Types | |
246 | |
247 * Buffer Type:: The basic object of editing. | |
248 * Window Type:: What makes buffers visible. | |
249 * Window Configuration Type::Save what the screen looks like. | |
250 * Marker Type:: A position in a buffer. | |
251 * Process Type:: A process running on the underlying OS. | |
252 * Stream Type:: Receive or send characters. | |
253 * Keymap Type:: What function a keystroke invokes. | |
22252
40089afa2b1d
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
22138
diff
changeset
|
254 * Overlay Type:: How an overlay is represented. |
6451 | 255 |
256 Numbers | |
257 | |
258 * Integer Basics:: Representation and range of integers. | |
259 * Float Basics:: Representation and range of floating point. | |
260 * Predicates on Numbers:: Testing for numbers. | |
261 * Comparison of Numbers:: Equality and inequality predicates. | |
262 * Arithmetic Operations:: How to add, subtract, multiply and divide. | |
263 * Bitwise Operations:: Logical and, or, not, shifting. | |
264 * Numeric Conversions:: Converting float to integer and vice versa. | |
12067 | 265 * Math Functions:: Trig, exponential and logarithmic functions. |
6451 | 266 * Random Numbers:: Obtaining random integers, predictable or not. |
267 | |
268 Strings and Characters | |
269 | |
270 * String Basics:: Basic properties of strings and characters. | |
271 * Predicates for Strings:: Testing whether an object is a string or char. | |
272 * Creating Strings:: Functions to allocate new strings. | |
273 * Text Comparison:: Comparing characters or strings. | |
274 * String Conversion:: Converting characters or strings and vice versa. | |
22252
40089afa2b1d
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
22138
diff
changeset
|
275 * Formatting Strings:: @code{format}: Emacs's analogue of @code{printf}. |
22138
d4ac295a98b3
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21702
diff
changeset
|
276 * Case Conversion:: Case conversion functions. |
6451 | 277 |
278 Lists | |
279 | |
280 * Cons Cells:: How lists are made out of cons cells. | |
281 * Lists as Boxes:: Graphical notation to explain lists. | |
282 * List-related Predicates:: Is this object a list? Comparing two lists. | |
283 * List Elements:: Extracting the pieces of a list. | |
284 * Building Lists:: Creating list structure. | |
285 * Modifying Lists:: Storing new pieces into an existing list. | |
286 * Sets And Lists:: A list can represent a finite mathematical set. | |
287 * Association Lists:: A list can represent a finite relation or mapping. | |
288 | |
289 Modifying Existing List Structure | |
290 | |
291 * Setcar:: Replacing an element in a list. | |
292 * Setcdr:: Replacing part of the list backbone. | |
293 This can be used to remove or add elements. | |
294 * Rearrangement:: Reordering the elements in a list; combining lists. | |
295 | |
296 Sequences, Arrays, and Vectors | |
297 | |
298 * Sequence Functions:: Functions that accept any kind of sequence. | |
299 * Arrays:: Characteristics of arrays in Emacs Lisp. | |
300 * Array Functions:: Functions specifically for arrays. | |
301 * Vectors:: Functions specifically for vectors. | |
302 | |
303 Symbols | |
304 | |
305 * Symbol Components:: Symbols have names, values, function definitions | |
306 and property lists. | |
307 * Definitions:: A definition says how a symbol will be used. | |
308 * Creating Symbols:: How symbols are kept unique. | |
309 * Property Lists:: Each symbol has a property list | |
310 for recording miscellaneous information. | |
311 | |
312 Evaluation | |
313 | |
314 * Intro Eval:: Evaluation in the scheme of things. | |
315 * Eval:: How to invoke the Lisp interpreter explicitly. | |
316 * Forms:: How various sorts of objects are evaluated. | |
317 * Quoting:: Avoiding evaluation (to put constants in | |
318 the program). | |
319 | |
320 Kinds of Forms | |
321 | |
322 * Self-Evaluating Forms:: Forms that evaluate to themselves. | |
323 * Symbol Forms:: Symbols evaluate as variables. | |
324 * Classifying Lists:: How to distinguish various sorts of list forms. | |
325 * Function Forms:: Forms that call functions. | |
326 * Macro Forms:: Forms that call macros. | |
327 * Special Forms:: ``Special forms'' are idiosyncratic primitives, | |
328 most of them extremely important. | |
329 * Autoloading:: Functions set up to load files | |
330 containing their real definitions. | |
331 | |
332 Control Structures | |
333 | |
334 * Sequencing:: Evaluation in textual order. | |
335 * Conditionals:: @code{if}, @code{cond}. | |
336 * Combining Conditions:: @code{and}, @code{or}, @code{not}. | |
337 * Iteration:: @code{while} loops. | |
338 * Nonlocal Exits:: Jumping out of a sequence. | |
339 | |
340 Nonlocal Exits | |
341 | |
342 * Catch and Throw:: Nonlocal exits for the program's own purposes. | |
343 * Examples of Catch:: Showing how such nonlocal exits can be written. | |
344 * Errors:: How errors are signaled and handled. | |
345 * Cleanups:: Arranging to run a cleanup form if an | |
346 error happens. | |
347 | |
348 Errors | |
349 | |
350 * Signaling Errors:: How to report an error. | |
351 * Processing of Errors:: What Emacs does when you report an error. | |
352 * Handling Errors:: How you can trap errors and continue execution. | |
7337
cd57cd335fff
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
6451
diff
changeset
|
353 * Error Symbols:: How errors are classified for trapping them. |
6451 | 354 |
355 Variables | |
356 | |
357 * Global Variables:: Variable values that exist permanently, everywhere. | |
358 * Constant Variables:: Certain "variables" have values that never change. | |
359 * Local Variables:: Variable values that exist only temporarily. | |
360 * Void Variables:: Symbols that lack values. | |
361 * Defining Variables:: A definition says a symbol is used as a variable. | |
362 * Accessing Variables:: Examining values of variables whose names | |
363 are known only at run time. | |
364 * Setting Variables:: Storing new values in variables. | |
365 * Variable Scoping:: How Lisp chooses among local and global values. | |
366 * Buffer-Local Variables:: Variable values in effect only in one buffer. | |
367 | |
368 Scoping Rules for Variable Bindings | |
369 | |
370 * Scope:: Scope means where in the program a value | |
371 is visible. Comparison with other languages. | |
372 * Extent:: Extent means how long in time a value exists. | |
373 * Impl of Scope:: Two ways to implement dynamic scoping. | |
374 * Using Scoping:: How to use dynamic scoping carefully and | |
375 avoid problems. | |
376 | |
377 Buffer-Local Variables | |
378 | |
379 * Intro to Buffer-Local:: Introduction and concepts. | |
380 * Creating Buffer-Local:: Creating and destroying buffer-local bindings. | |
381 * Default Value:: The default value is seen in buffers | |
21702
05b1a2703a49
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
382 that don't have their own buffer-local values. |
6451 | 383 |
384 Functions | |
385 | |
386 * What Is a Function:: Lisp functions vs primitives; terminology. | |
387 * Lambda Expressions:: How functions are expressed as Lisp objects. | |
388 * Function Names:: A symbol can serve as the name of a function. | |
389 * Defining Functions:: Lisp expressions for defining functions. | |
390 * Calling Functions:: How to use an existing function. | |
391 * Mapping Functions:: Applying a function to each element of a list, etc. | |
392 * Anonymous Functions:: Lambda-expressions are functions with no names. | |
393 * Function Cells:: Accessing or setting the function definition | |
394 of a symbol. | |
395 * Related Topics:: Cross-references to specific Lisp primitives | |
396 that have a special bearing on how | |
397 functions work. | |
398 | |
399 Lambda Expressions | |
400 | |
401 * Lambda Components:: The parts of a lambda expression. | |
402 * Simple Lambda:: A simple example. | |
403 * Argument List:: Details and special features of argument lists. | |
404 * Function Documentation:: How to put documentation in a function. | |
405 | |
406 Macros | |
407 | |
408 * Simple Macro:: A basic example. | |
409 * Expansion:: How, when and why macros are expanded. | |
410 * Compiling Macros:: How macros are expanded by the compiler. | |
411 * Defining Macros:: How to write a macro definition. | |
412 * Backquote:: Easier construction of list structure. | |
413 * Problems with Macros:: Don't evaluate the macro arguments too many times. | |
414 Don't hide the user's variables. | |
415 | |
416 Loading | |
417 | |
418 * How Programs Do Loading:: The @code{load} function and others. | |
419 * Autoload:: Setting up a function to autoload. | |
12098 | 420 * Named Features:: Loading a library if it isn't already loaded. |
6451 | 421 * Repeated Loading:: Precautions about loading a file twice. |
422 | |
423 Byte Compilation | |
424 | |
425 * Compilation Functions:: Byte compilation functions. | |
426 * Disassembly:: Disassembling byte-code; how to read byte-code. | |
427 | |
22138
d4ac295a98b3
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21702
diff
changeset
|
428 Advising Functions |
d4ac295a98b3
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21702
diff
changeset
|
429 |
d4ac295a98b3
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21702
diff
changeset
|
430 * Simple Advice:: A simple example to explain the basics of advice. |
d4ac295a98b3
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21702
diff
changeset
|
431 * Defining Advice:: Detailed description of @code{defadvice}. |
d4ac295a98b3
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21702
diff
changeset
|
432 * Computed Advice:: ...is to @code{defadvice} as @code{fset} is to @code{defun}. |
d4ac295a98b3
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21702
diff
changeset
|
433 * Activation of Advice:: Advice doesn't do anything until you activate it. |
d4ac295a98b3
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21702
diff
changeset
|
434 * Enabling Advice:: You can enable or disable each piece of advice. |
d4ac295a98b3
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21702
diff
changeset
|
435 * Preactivation:: Preactivation is a way of speeding up the |
d4ac295a98b3
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21702
diff
changeset
|
436 loading of compiled advice. |
22252
40089afa2b1d
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
22138
diff
changeset
|
437 * Argument Access in Advice:: How advice can access the function's arguments. |
22138
d4ac295a98b3
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21702
diff
changeset
|
438 * Subr Arguments:: Accessing arguments when advising a primitive. |
d4ac295a98b3
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21702
diff
changeset
|
439 * Combined Definition:: How advice is implemented. |
d4ac295a98b3
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21702
diff
changeset
|
440 |
6451 | 441 Debugging Lisp Programs |
442 | |
443 * Debugger:: How the Emacs Lisp debugger is implemented. | |
444 * Syntax Errors:: How to find syntax errors. | |
445 * Compilation Errors:: How to find errors that show up in | |
446 byte compilation. | |
447 * Edebug:: A source-level Emacs Lisp debugger. | |
448 | |
449 The Lisp Debugger | |
450 | |
451 * Error Debugging:: Entering the debugger when an error happens. | |
452 * Function Debugging:: Entering it when a certain function is called. | |
453 * Explicit Debug:: Entering it at a certain point in the program. | |
454 * Using Debugger:: What the debugger does; what you see while in it. | |
455 * Debugger Commands:: Commands used while in the debugger. | |
456 * Invoking the Debugger:: How to call the function @code{debug}. | |
457 * Internals of Debugger:: Subroutines of the debugger, and global variables. | |
458 | |
459 Debugging Invalid Lisp Syntax | |
460 | |
461 * Excess Open:: How to find a spurious open paren or missing close. | |
462 * Excess Close:: How to find a spurious close paren or missing open. | |
463 | |
464 Reading and Printing Lisp Objects | |
465 | |
466 * Streams Intro:: Overview of streams, reading and printing. | |
467 * Input Streams:: Various data types that can be used as | |
468 input streams. | |
469 * Input Functions:: Functions to read Lisp objects from text. | |
470 * Output Streams:: Various data types that can be used as | |
471 output streams. | |
472 * Output Functions:: Functions to print Lisp objects as text. | |
473 | |
474 Minibuffers | |
475 | |
476 * Intro to Minibuffers:: Basic information about minibuffers. | |
477 * Text from Minibuffer:: How to read a straight text string. | |
478 * Object from Minibuffer:: How to read a Lisp object or expression. | |
479 * Completion:: How to invoke and customize completion. | |
480 * Yes-or-No Queries:: Asking a question with a simple answer. | |
481 * Minibuffer Misc:: Various customization hooks and variables. | |
482 | |
483 Completion | |
484 | |
485 * Basic Completion:: Low-level functions for completing strings. | |
486 (These are too low level to use the minibuffer.) | |
487 * Minibuffer Completion:: Invoking the minibuffer with completion. | |
488 * Completion Commands:: Minibuffer commands that do completion. | |
489 * High-Level Completion:: Convenient special cases of completion | |
490 (reading buffer name, file name, etc.) | |
491 * Reading File Names:: Using completion to read file names. | |
492 * Programmed Completion:: Finding the completions for a given file name. | |
493 | |
494 Command Loop | |
495 | |
496 * Command Overview:: How the command loop reads commands. | |
497 * Defining Commands:: Specifying how a function should read arguments. | |
498 * Interactive Call:: Calling a command, so that it will read arguments. | |
499 * Command Loop Info:: Variables set by the command loop for you to examine. | |
500 * Input Events:: What input looks like when you read it. | |
501 * Reading Input:: How to read input events from the keyboard or mouse. | |
502 * Waiting:: Waiting for user input or elapsed time. | |
503 * Quitting:: How @kbd{C-g} works. How to catch or defer quitting. | |
504 * Prefix Command Arguments:: How the commands to set prefix args work. | |
505 * Recursive Editing:: Entering a recursive edit, | |
506 and why you usually shouldn't. | |
507 * Disabling Commands:: How the command loop handles disabled commands. | |
508 * Command History:: How the command history is set up, and how accessed. | |
509 * Keyboard Macros:: How keyboard macros are implemented. | |
510 | |
511 Defining Commands | |
512 | |
513 * Using Interactive:: General rules for @code{interactive}. | |
514 * Interactive Codes:: The standard letter-codes for reading arguments | |
515 in various ways. | |
516 * Interactive Examples:: Examples of how to read interactive arguments. | |
517 | |
518 Keymaps | |
519 | |
520 * Keymap Terminology:: Definitions of terms pertaining to keymaps. | |
521 * Format of Keymaps:: What a keymap looks like as a Lisp object. | |
522 * Creating Keymaps:: Functions to create and copy keymaps. | |
523 * Inheritance and Keymaps:: How one keymap can inherit the bindings | |
524 of another keymap. | |
525 * Prefix Keys:: Defining a key with a keymap as its definition. | |
526 * Menu Keymaps:: A keymap can define a menu for X windows | |
527 or for use from the terminal. | |
528 * Active Keymaps:: Each buffer has a local keymap | |
529 to override the standard (global) bindings. | |
25875 | 530 Each minor mode can also override them. |
6451 | 531 * Key Lookup:: How extracting elements from keymaps works. |
532 * Functions for Key Lookup:: How to request key lookup. | |
533 * Changing Key Bindings:: Redefining a key in a keymap. | |
534 * Key Binding Commands:: Interactive interfaces for redefining keys. | |
535 * Scanning Keymaps:: Looking through all keymaps, for printing help. | |
536 | |
537 Major and Minor Modes | |
538 | |
539 * Major Modes:: Defining major modes. | |
540 * Minor Modes:: Defining minor modes. | |
541 * Mode Line Format:: Customizing the text that appears in the mode line. | |
542 * Hooks:: How to use hooks; how to write code that | |
543 provides hooks. | |
544 | |
545 Major Modes | |
546 | |
547 * Major Mode Conventions:: Coding conventions for keymaps, etc. | |
548 * Example Major Modes:: Text mode and Lisp modes. | |
549 * Auto Major Mode:: How Emacs chooses the major mode automatically. | |
550 * Mode Help:: Finding out how to use a mode. | |
551 | |
552 Minor Modes | |
553 | |
554 * Minor Mode Conventions:: Tips for writing a minor mode. | |
555 * Keymaps and Minor Modes:: How a minor mode can have its own keymap. | |
556 | |
557 Mode Line Format | |
558 | |
559 * Mode Line Data:: The data structure that controls the mode line. | |
560 * Mode Line Variables:: Variables used in that data structure. | |
561 * %-Constructs:: Putting information into a mode line. | |
562 | |
563 Documentation | |
564 | |
565 * Documentation Basics:: Good style for doc strings. | |
566 Where to put them. How Emacs stores them. | |
567 * Accessing Documentation:: How Lisp programs can access doc strings. | |
568 * Keys in Documentation:: Substituting current key bindings. | |
569 * Describing Characters:: Making printable descriptions of | |
570 non-printing characters and key sequences. | |
571 * Help Functions:: Subroutines used by Emacs help facilities. | |
572 | |
573 Files | |
574 | |
575 * Visiting Files:: Reading files into Emacs buffers for editing. | |
576 * Saving Buffers:: Writing changed buffers back into files. | |
577 * Reading from Files:: Reading files into other buffers. | |
578 * Writing to Files:: Writing new files from parts of buffers. | |
579 * File Locks:: Locking and unlocking files, to prevent | |
580 simultaneous editing by two people. | |
581 * Information about Files:: Testing existence, accessibility, size of files. | |
582 * Contents of Directories:: Getting a list of the files in a directory. | |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17279
diff
changeset
|
583 * Changing Files:: Renaming files, changing protection, etc. |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17279
diff
changeset
|
584 * File Names:: Decomposing and expanding file names. |
6451 | 585 |
586 Visiting Files | |
587 | |
588 * Visiting Functions:: The usual interface functions for visiting. | |
589 * Subroutines of Visiting:: Lower-level subroutines that they use. | |
590 | |
591 Information about Files | |
592 | |
593 * Testing Accessibility:: Is a given file readable? Writable? | |
594 * Kinds of Files:: Is it a directory? A link? | |
595 * File Attributes:: How large is it? Any other names? Etc. | |
596 | |
597 File Names | |
598 | |
599 * File Name Components:: The directory part of a file name, and the rest. | |
600 * Directory Names:: A directory's name as a directory | |
601 is different from its name as a file. | |
602 * Relative File Names:: Some file names are relative to a | |
603 current directory. | |
604 * File Name Expansion:: Converting relative file names to absolute ones. | |
605 * Unique File Names:: Generating names for temporary files. | |
606 * File Name Completion:: Finding the completions for a given file name. | |
607 | |
608 Backups and Auto-Saving | |
609 | |
610 * Backup Files:: How backup files are made; how their names | |
611 are chosen. | |
612 * Auto-Saving:: How auto-save files are made; how their | |
613 names are chosen. | |
614 * Reverting:: @code{revert-buffer}, and how to customize | |
615 what it does. | |
616 | |
617 Backup Files | |
618 | |
619 * Making Backups:: How Emacs makes backup files, and when. | |
620 * Rename or Copy:: Two alternatives: renaming the old file | |
621 or copying it. | |
622 * Numbered Backups:: Keeping multiple backups for each source file. | |
623 * Backup Names:: How backup file names are computed; customization. | |
624 | |
625 Buffers | |
626 | |
627 * Buffer Basics:: What is a buffer? | |
628 * Buffer Names:: Accessing and changing buffer names. | |
629 * Buffer File Name:: The buffer file name indicates which file | |
630 is visited. | |
631 * Buffer Modification:: A buffer is @dfn{modified} if it needs to be saved. | |
632 * Modification Time:: Determining whether the visited file was changed | |
633 ``behind Emacs's back''. | |
634 * Read Only Buffers:: Modifying text is not allowed in a | |
635 read-only buffer. | |
636 * The Buffer List:: How to look at all the existing buffers. | |
637 * Creating Buffers:: Functions that create buffers. | |
638 * Killing Buffers:: Buffers exist until explicitly killed. | |
639 * Current Buffer:: Designating a buffer as current | |
640 so primitives will access its contents. | |
641 | |
642 Windows | |
643 | |
644 * Basic Windows:: Basic information on using windows. | |
645 * Splitting Windows:: Splitting one window into two windows. | |
646 * Deleting Windows:: Deleting a window gives its space to other windows. | |
647 * Selecting Windows:: The selected window is the one that you edit in. | |
648 * Cyclic Window Ordering:: Moving around the existing windows. | |
649 * Buffers and Windows:: Each window displays the contents of a buffer. | |
650 * Displaying Buffers:: Higher-lever functions for displaying a buffer | |
651 and choosing a window for it. | |
652 * Window Point:: Each window has its own location of point. | |
653 * Window Start:: The display-start position controls which text | |
654 is on-screen in the window. | |
655 * Vertical Scrolling:: Moving text up and down in the window. | |
656 * Horizontal Scrolling:: Moving text sideways on the window. | |
657 * Size of Window:: Accessing the size of a window. | |
658 * Resizing Windows:: Changing the size of a window. | |
659 * Window Configurations:: Saving and restoring the state of the screen. | |
660 | |
12098 | 661 Frames |
662 | |
663 * Creating Frames:: Creating additional frames. | |
664 * Multiple Displays:: Creating frames on other X displays. | |
665 * Frame Parameters:: Controlling frame size, position, font, etc. | |
666 * Frame Titles:: Automatic updating of frame titles. | |
667 * Deleting Frames:: Frames last until explicitly deleted. | |
668 * Finding All Frames:: How to examine all existing frames. | |
669 * Frames and Windows:: A frame contains windows; | |
670 display of text always works through windows. | |
671 * Minibuffers and Frames:: How a frame finds the minibuffer to use. | |
672 * Input Focus:: Specifying the selected frame. | |
673 * Visibility of Frames:: Frames may be visible or invisible, or icons. | |
674 * Raising and Lowering:: Raising a frame makes it hide other X windows; | |
22252
40089afa2b1d
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
22138
diff
changeset
|
675 lowering it puts it underneath the others. |
12098 | 676 * Frame Configurations:: Saving the state of all frames. |
677 * Mouse Tracking:: Getting events that say when the mouse moves. | |
678 * Mouse Position:: Asking where the mouse is, or moving it. | |
679 * Pop-Up Menus:: Displaying a menu for the user to select from. | |
680 * Dialog Boxes:: Displaying a box to ask yes or no. | |
681 * Pointer Shapes:: Specifying the shape of the mouse pointer. | |
22267
dfac7398266b
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
22252
diff
changeset
|
682 * Window System Selections::Transferring text to and from other windows. |
12098 | 683 * Color Names:: Getting the definitions of color names. |
684 * Resources:: Getting resource values from the server. | |
27476 | 685 * Display Feature Testing:: Determining the features of a terminal. |
12098 | 686 |
6451 | 687 Positions |
688 | |
689 * Point:: The special position where editing takes place. | |
690 * Motion:: Changing point. | |
691 * Excursions:: Temporary motion and buffer changes. | |
692 * Narrowing:: Restricting editing to a portion of the buffer. | |
693 | |
694 Motion | |
695 | |
696 * Character Motion:: Moving in terms of characters. | |
697 * Word Motion:: Moving in terms of words. | |
698 * Buffer End Motion:: Moving to the beginning or end of the buffer. | |
699 * Text Lines:: Moving in terms of lines of text. | |
700 * Screen Lines:: Moving in terms of lines as displayed. | |
701 * List Motion:: Moving by parsing lists and sexps. | |
702 * Skipping Characters:: Skipping characters belonging to a certain set. | |
703 | |
704 Markers | |
705 | |
706 * Overview of Markers:: The components of a marker, and how it relocates. | |
707 * Predicates on Markers:: Testing whether an object is a marker. | |
708 * Creating Markers:: Making empty markers or markers at certain places. | |
709 * Information from Markers:: Finding the marker's buffer or character | |
710 position. | |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17279
diff
changeset
|
711 * Moving Markers:: Moving the marker to a new buffer or position. |
6451 | 712 * The Mark:: How ``the mark'' is implemented with a marker. |
713 * The Region:: How to access ``the region''. | |
714 | |
715 Text | |
716 | |
717 * Near Point:: Examining text in the vicinity of point. | |
718 * Buffer Contents:: Examining text in a general fashion. | |
719 * Insertion:: Adding new text to a buffer. | |
720 * Commands for Insertion:: User-level commands to insert text. | |
721 * Deletion:: Removing text from a buffer. | |
722 * User-Level Deletion:: User-level commands to delete text. | |
723 * The Kill Ring:: Where removed text sometimes is saved for | |
724 later use. | |
725 * Undo:: Undoing changes to the text of a buffer. | |
726 * Auto Filling:: How auto-fill mode is implemented to break lines. | |
727 * Filling:: Functions for explicit filling. | |
12098 | 728 * Margins:: How to specify margins for filling commands. |
6451 | 729 * Sorting:: Functions for sorting parts of the buffer. |
730 * Indentation:: Functions to insert or adjust indentation. | |
731 * Columns:: Computing horizontal positions, and using them. | |
732 * Case Changes:: Case conversion of parts of the buffer. | |
15725 | 733 * Text Properties:: Assigning Lisp property lists to text characters. |
6451 | 734 * Substitution:: Replacing a given character wherever it appears. |
15725 | 735 * Transposition:: Swapping two portions of a buffer. |
6451 | 736 * Registers:: How registers are implemented. Accessing |
737 the text or position stored in a register. | |
15725 | 738 * Change Hooks:: Supplying functions to be run when text is changed. |
6451 | 739 |
740 The Kill Ring | |
741 | |
742 * Kill Ring Concepts:: What text looks like in the kill ring. | |
743 * Kill Functions:: Functions that kill text. | |
744 * Yank Commands:: Commands that access the kill ring. | |
12067 | 745 * Low-Level Kill Ring:: Functions and variables for kill ring access. |
6451 | 746 * Internals of Kill Ring:: Variables that hold kill-ring data. |
747 | |
748 Indentation | |
749 | |
750 * Primitive Indent:: Functions used to count and insert indentation. | |
751 * Mode-Specific Indent:: Customize indentation for different modes. | |
752 * Region Indent:: Indent all the lines in a region. | |
753 * Relative Indent:: Indent the current line based on previous lines. | |
754 * Indent Tabs:: Adjustable, typewriter-like tab stops. | |
755 * Motion by Indent:: Move to first non-blank character. | |
756 | |
15725 | 757 Text Properties |
758 | |
759 * Examining Properties:: Looking at the properties of one character. | |
760 * Changing Properties:: Setting the properties of a range of text. | |
761 * Property Search:: Searching for where a property changes value. | |
762 * Special Properties:: Particular properties with special meanings. | |
763 * Format Properties:: Properties for representing formatting of text. | |
764 * Sticky Properties:: How inserted text gets properties from | |
765 neighboring text. | |
766 * Saving Properties:: Saving text properties in files, and reading | |
767 them back. | |
768 * Lazy Properties:: Computing text properties in a lazy fashion | |
769 only when text is examined. | |
770 * Not Intervals:: Why text properties do not use | |
771 Lisp-visible text intervals. | |
772 | |
28635
cda2b6ed6aec
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
27476
diff
changeset
|
773 Non-ASCII Characters |
cda2b6ed6aec
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
27476
diff
changeset
|
774 |
cda2b6ed6aec
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
27476
diff
changeset
|
775 * Text Representations:: Unibyte and multibyte representations |
cda2b6ed6aec
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
27476
diff
changeset
|
776 * Converting Representations:: Converting unibyte to multibyte and vice versa. |
cda2b6ed6aec
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
27476
diff
changeset
|
777 * Selecting a Representation:: Treating a byte sequence as unibyte or multi. |
cda2b6ed6aec
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
27476
diff
changeset
|
778 * Character Codes:: How unibyte and multibyte relate to |
cda2b6ed6aec
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
27476
diff
changeset
|
779 codes of individual characters. |
cda2b6ed6aec
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
27476
diff
changeset
|
780 * Character Sets:: The space of possible characters codes |
cda2b6ed6aec
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
27476
diff
changeset
|
781 is divided into various character sets. |
cda2b6ed6aec
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
27476
diff
changeset
|
782 * Chars and Bytes:: More information about multibyte encodings. |
cda2b6ed6aec
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
27476
diff
changeset
|
783 * Splitting Characters:: Converting a character to its byte sequence. |
cda2b6ed6aec
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
27476
diff
changeset
|
784 * Scanning Charsets:: Which character sets are used in a buffer? |
cda2b6ed6aec
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
27476
diff
changeset
|
785 * Translation of Characters:: Translation tables are used for conversion. |
cda2b6ed6aec
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
27476
diff
changeset
|
786 * Coding Systems:: Coding systems are conversions for saving files. |
cda2b6ed6aec
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
27476
diff
changeset
|
787 * Input Methods:: Input methods allow users to enter various |
cda2b6ed6aec
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
27476
diff
changeset
|
788 non-ASCII characters without speciak keyboards. |
cda2b6ed6aec
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
27476
diff
changeset
|
789 * Locales:: Interacting with the POSIX locale. |
cda2b6ed6aec
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
27476
diff
changeset
|
790 |
6451 | 791 Searching and Matching |
792 | |
793 * String Search:: Search for an exact match. | |
794 * Regular Expressions:: Describing classes of strings. | |
795 * Regexp Search:: Searching for a match for a regexp. | |
796 * Match Data:: Finding out which part of the text matched | |
797 various parts of a regexp, after regexp search. | |
798 * Saving Match Data:: Saving and restoring this information. | |
799 * Standard Regexps:: Useful regexps for finding sentences, pages,... | |
800 * Searching and Case:: Case-independent or case-significant searching. | |
801 | |
802 Regular Expressions | |
803 | |
804 * Syntax of Regexps:: Rules for writing regular expressions. | |
805 * Regexp Example:: Illustrates regular expression syntax. | |
806 | |
807 Syntax Tables | |
808 | |
809 * Syntax Descriptors:: How characters are classified. | |
810 * Syntax Table Functions:: How to create, examine and alter syntax tables. | |
811 * Parsing Expressions:: Parsing balanced expressions | |
812 using the syntax table. | |
813 * Standard Syntax Tables:: Syntax tables used by various major modes. | |
814 * Syntax Table Internals:: How syntax table information is stored. | |
815 | |
816 Syntax Descriptors | |
817 | |
818 * Syntax Class Table:: Table of syntax classes. | |
819 * Syntax Flags:: Additional flags each character can have. | |
820 | |
821 Abbrevs And Abbrev Expansion | |
822 | |
823 * Abbrev Mode:: Setting up Emacs for abbreviation. | |
824 * Tables: Abbrev Tables. Creating and working with abbrev tables. | |
825 * Defining Abbrevs:: Specifying abbreviations and their expansions. | |
826 * Files: Abbrev Files. Saving abbrevs in files. | |
827 * Expansion: Abbrev Expansion. Controlling expansion; expansion subroutines. | |
828 * Standard Abbrev Tables:: Abbrev tables used by various major modes. | |
829 | |
830 Processes | |
831 | |
832 * Subprocess Creation:: Functions that start subprocesses. | |
833 * Synchronous Processes:: Details of using synchronous subprocesses. | |
834 * Asynchronous Processes:: Starting up an asynchronous subprocess. | |
835 * Deleting Processes:: Eliminating an asynchronous subprocess. | |
836 * Process Information:: Accessing run-status and other attributes. | |
837 * Input to Processes:: Sending input to an asynchronous subprocess. | |
838 * Signals to Processes:: Stopping, continuing or interrupting | |
839 an asynchronous subprocess. | |
840 * Output from Processes:: Collecting output from an asynchronous subprocess. | |
841 * Sentinels:: Sentinels run when process run-status changes. | |
12098 | 842 * Network:: Opening network connections. |
6451 | 843 |
844 Receiving Output from Processes | |
845 | |
846 * Process Buffers:: If no filter, output is put in a buffer. | |
847 * Filter Functions:: Filter functions accept output from the process. | |
848 * Accepting Output:: How to wait until process output arrives. | |
849 | |
850 Operating System Interface | |
851 | |
852 * Starting Up:: Customizing Emacs start-up processing. | |
853 * Getting Out:: How exiting works (permanent or temporary). | |
854 * System Environment:: Distinguish the name and kind of system. | |
855 * Terminal Input:: Recording terminal input for debugging. | |
856 * Terminal Output:: Recording terminal output for debugging. | |
857 * Flow Control:: How to turn output flow control on or off. | |
858 * Batch Mode:: Running Emacs without terminal interaction. | |
859 | |
860 Starting Up Emacs | |
861 | |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
24951
diff
changeset
|
862 * Startup Summary:: Sequence of actions Emacs performs at start-up. |
6451 | 863 * Init File:: Details on reading the init file (@file{.emacs}). |
864 * Terminal-Specific:: How the terminal-specific Lisp file is read. | |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
24951
diff
changeset
|
865 * Command-Line Arguments:: How command line arguments are processed, |
6451 | 866 and how you can customize them. |
867 | |
868 Getting out of Emacs | |
869 | |
870 * Killing Emacs:: Exiting Emacs irreversibly. | |
871 * Suspending Emacs:: Exiting Emacs reversibly. | |
872 | |
873 Emacs Display | |
874 | |
875 * Refresh Screen:: Clearing the screen and redrawing everything on it. | |
876 * Truncation:: Folding or wrapping long text lines. | |
877 * The Echo Area:: Where messages are displayed. | |
878 * Selective Display:: Hiding part of the buffer text. | |
879 * Overlay Arrow:: Display of an arrow to indicate position. | |
880 * Temporary Displays:: Displays that go away automatically. | |
881 * Waiting:: Forcing display update and waiting for user. | |
882 * Blinking:: How Emacs shows the matching open parenthesis. | |
883 * Usual Display:: How control characters are displayed. | |
884 * Beeping:: Audible signal to the user. | |
885 * Window Systems:: Which window system is being used. | |
886 | |
887 GNU Emacs Internals | |
888 | |
889 * Building Emacs:: How to preload Lisp libraries into Emacs. | |
890 * Pure Storage:: A kludge to make preloaded Lisp functions sharable. | |
891 * Garbage Collection:: Reclaiming space for Lisp objects no longer used. | |
892 * Object Internals:: Data formats of buffers, windows, processes. | |
893 * Writing Emacs Primitives:: Writing C code for Emacs. | |
894 | |
895 Object Internals | |
896 | |
897 * Buffer Internals:: Components of a buffer structure. | |
898 * Window Internals:: Components of a window structure. | |
899 * Process Internals:: Components of a process structure. | |
900 @end menu | |
901 | |
902 @include intro.texi | |
903 @include objects.texi | |
904 @include numbers.texi | |
905 @include strings.texi | |
906 | |
907 @include lists.texi | |
908 @include sequences.texi | |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
24951
diff
changeset
|
909 @include hash.texi |
6451 | 910 @include symbols.texi |
911 @include eval.texi | |
912 | |
913 @include control.texi | |
914 @include variables.texi | |
915 @include functions.texi | |
916 @include macros.texi | |
917 | |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17279
diff
changeset
|
918 @include customize.texi |
6451 | 919 @include loading.texi |
920 @include compile.texi | |
21702
05b1a2703a49
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
921 @include advice.texi |
05b1a2703a49
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
922 |
6451 | 923 @include debugging.texi |
924 @include streams.texi | |
925 @include minibuf.texi | |
926 @include commands.texi | |
21702
05b1a2703a49
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
927 |
6451 | 928 @include keymaps.texi |
929 @include modes.texi | |
930 @include help.texi | |
931 @include files.texi | |
21702
05b1a2703a49
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
932 |
6451 | 933 @include backups.texi |
934 @include buffers.texi | |
935 @include windows.texi | |
936 @include frames.texi | |
21702
05b1a2703a49
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
937 |
6451 | 938 @include positions.texi |
939 @include markers.texi | |
940 @include text.texi | |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17279
diff
changeset
|
941 @include nonascii.texi |
21702
05b1a2703a49
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
942 |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17279
diff
changeset
|
943 @include searching.texi |
6451 | 944 @include syntax.texi |
945 @include abbrevs.texi | |
946 @include processes.texi | |
21702
05b1a2703a49
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
947 |
6451 | 948 @include display.texi |
949 @include calendar.texi | |
26211 | 950 @include os.texi |
6451 | 951 |
952 @c MOVE to Emacs Manual: include misc-modes.texi | |
953 | |
954 @c appendices | |
955 | |
956 @c REMOVE this: include non-hacker.texi | |
957 | |
25875 | 958 @include anti.texi |
29116 | 959 @include doclicense.texi |
960 @include gpl.texi | |
6451 | 961 @include tips.texi |
962 @include internals.texi | |
963 @include errors.texi | |
964 @include locals.texi | |
965 @include maps.texi | |
966 @include hooks.texi | |
967 | |
968 @include index.texi | |
969 | |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17279
diff
changeset
|
970 @node New Symbols, , Index, Top |
22138
d4ac295a98b3
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21702
diff
changeset
|
971 @unnumbered New Symbols Since the Previous Edition |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17279
diff
changeset
|
972 |
21702
05b1a2703a49
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
973 @printindex tp |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17279
diff
changeset
|
974 |
6451 | 975 @c Print the tables of contents |
976 @summarycontents | |
977 @contents | |
978 @c That's all | |
979 | |
980 @bye | |
981 | |
982 | |
983 These words prevent "local variables" above from confusing Emacs. |