Mercurial > emacs
annotate etc/gnus-tut.txt @ 109157:76b683a5339b
Minor zone.el fixes for bug#6483.
Zone did not like the intangible newlines etc in the gomoku buffer.
* lisp/play/zone.el (top-level): Do not require timer, tabify, or cl.
(zone-shift-left): Ignore intangibility, and any errors from forward-char.
(zone-shift-right): Remove no-op end-of-line. Ignore intangibility.
(zone-pgm-putz-with-case): Use upcase-region rather than inserting,
deleting, and copying text properties.
(zone-line-specs, zone-pgm-stress): Check forward-line exit status.
(zone-pgm-rotate): Handle odd buffers like that of gomoku, where getting
to point-max is hard.
(zone-fret, zone-fill-out-screen): Replace cl's do with dotimes.
(zone-fill-out-screen): Ignore intangibility.
author | Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org> |
---|---|
date | Tue, 06 Jul 2010 21:16:27 -0700 |
parents | 1d1d5d9bd884 |
children | 376148b31b5e |
rev | line source |
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25852 | 1 From lars Thu Feb 23 23:20:38 1995 |
2 From: larsi@ifi.uio.no (ding) | |
3 Date: Fri Feb 24 13:40:45 1995 | |
4 Subject: So you want to use the new Gnus | |
5 Message-ID: <lars-doc1@eyesore.no> | |
6 | |
7 Actually, since you are reading this, chances are you are already | |
8 using the new Gnus. Congratulations. | |
9 | |
10 This entire newsgroup you are reading is, in fact, no real newsgroup | |
11 at all, in the traditional sense. It is an example of one of the | |
12 "foreign" select methods that Gnus may use. | |
13 | |
14 The text you are now reading is stored in the "etc" directory with the | |
15 rest of the Emacs sources. You are using the "nndoc" backend for | |
16 accessing it. Scary, isn't it? | |
17 | |
18 This isn't the real documentation. `M-x info', `m gnus <RET>' to read | |
19 that. This "newsgroup" is intended as a kinder, gentler way of getting | |
20 people started. | |
21 | |
22 Gnus is a rewrite of GNUS 4.1, written by Masanobu Umeda. The rewrite | |
23 was done by moi, yours truly, your humble servant, Lars Magne | |
24 Ingebrigtsen. If you have a WWW browser, you can investigate to your | |
25 heart's delight at <URL:http://www.ifi.uio.no/~larsi/larsi.html>. | |
26 | |
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27 ;; Copyright (C) 1995, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, |
106815 | 28 ;; 2008, 2009, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
25852 | 29 |
30 ;; Author: Lars Magne Ingebrigtsen <larsi@ifi.uio.no> | |
31 ;; Keywords: news | |
32 | |
33 ;; This file is part of GNU Emacs. | |
34 | |
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35 ;; GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify |
25852 | 36 ;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by |
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37 ;; the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or |
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38 ;; (at your option) any later version. |
25852 | 39 |
40 ;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, | |
41 ;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of | |
42 ;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the | |
43 ;; GNU General Public License for more details. | |
44 | |
45 ;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License | |
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46 ;; along with GNU Emacs. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. |
25852 | 47 |
48 From lars Thu Feb 23 23:20:38 1995 | |
49 From: larsi@ifi.uio.no (ding) | |
50 Date: Fri Feb 24 13:40:45 1995 | |
51 Subject: Starting up | |
52 Message-ID: <lars-doc2@eyesore.no> | |
53 | |
54 If you are having problems with Gnus not finding your server, you have | |
55 to set `gnus-select-method'. A "method" is a way of specifying *how* | |
56 the news is to be found, and from *where*. | |
57 | |
58 Say you want to read news from you local, friendly nntp server | |
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59 "news.my.local.server". |
25852 | 60 |
61 (setq gnus-select-method '(nntp "news.my.local.server")) | |
62 | |
63 Quite easy, huh? | |
64 | |
65 From the news spool: | |
66 | |
67 (setq gnus-select-method '(nnspool "")) | |
68 | |
69 From your mh-e spool: | |
70 | |
71 (setq gnus-select-method '(nnmh "")) | |
72 | |
73 There's a whole bunch of other methods for reading mail and news, see | |
74 the "Foreign groups" article for that. | |
75 | |
76 | |
77 From lars Thu Feb 23 23:20:38 1995 | |
78 From: larsi@ifi.uio.no (ding) | |
79 Date: Fri Feb 24 13:40:45 1995 | |
80 Subject: Where are all the groups, then? | |
81 Message-ID: <lars-doc3@eyesore.no> | |
82 | |
83 If this is the first time you have used a newsreader, you won't have a | |
84 .newsrc file. This means that Gnus will think that all the newsgroups | |
85 on the server are "new", and kill them all. | |
86 | |
87 If you have a .newsrc file, the new groups will be processed with the | |
88 function in the `gnus-subscribe-newsgroup-method' variable, which is | |
89 `gnus-subscribe-zombies' by default. | |
90 | |
91 This means that all the groups have been made into "zombies" - not | |
92 quite dead, but not exactly alive, either. | |
93 | |
94 Jump back to the *Group* buffer, and type `A z' to list all the zombie | |
95 groups. Look though the list, and subscribe to the groups you want to | |
96 read by pressing `u' on the one you think look interesting. | |
97 | |
98 If all the groups have been killed, type `A k' to list all the killed | |
99 groups. Subscribe to them the same way. | |
100 | |
101 When you are satisfied, press `S z' to kill all the zombie groups. | |
102 | |
103 Now you should have a nice list of all groups you are interested in. | |
104 | |
105 (If you later want to subscribe to more groups, press `A k' to | |
106 list all the kill groups, and repeat. You can also type `U' and be | |
107 prompted for groups to subscribe to.) | |
108 | |
109 | |
110 From lars Thu Feb 23 23:20:38 1995 | |
111 From: larsi@ifi.uio.no (ding) | |
112 Date: Fri Feb 24 13:40:45 1995 | |
113 Subject: I want to read my mail! | |
114 Message-ID: <lars-doc4@eyesore.no> | |
115 | |
116 Yes, Virginia, you can read mail with Gnus. | |
117 | |
118 First you have to decide which mail backend you want to use. You have | |
119 nnml, which is a one-file-one-mail backend, which is quite nice, but | |
120 apt to make your systems administrator go crazy and come after you | |
121 with a shotgun. | |
122 | |
123 nnmbox uses a Unix mail box to store mail. Nice, but slow. | |
124 | |
125 nnmh uses mh-e folders, which is also a one-file-one-mail thingie, but | |
126 slower than nnml. (It doesn't support NOV files.) | |
127 | |
128 So if you want to go with nnmbox, you can simply say: | |
129 | |
130 (setq gnus-secondary-select-methods '((nnmbox ""))) | |
131 | |
132 (The same for the other methods, kind of.) | |
133 | |
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134 You should also set `nnmail-split-methods' to something sensible: |
25852 | 135 |
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136 (setq nnmail-split-methods |
25852 | 137 '(("mail.junk" "From:.*Lars") |
138 ("mail.misc ""))) | |
139 | |
140 This will put all mail from me in you junk mail group, and the rest in | |
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141 "mail.misc". |
25852 | 142 |
143 These groups will be subscribe the same way as the normal groups, so | |
144 you will probably find them among the zombie groups after you set | |
145 these variables and re-start Gnus. | |
146 | |
147 | |
148 From lars Thu Feb 23 23:20:38 1995 | |
149 From: larsi@ifi.uio.no (ding) | |
150 Date: Fri Feb 24 13:40:45 1995 | |
151 Subject: Foreign newsgroups | |
152 Message-ID: <lars-doc5@eyesore.no> | |
153 | |
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154 These are groups that do not come from `gnus-select-method'. |
25852 | 155 |
156 Say you want to read "alt.furniture.couches" from "news.funet.fi". You | |
157 can then either type `B news.funet.fi <RET>' to browse that server and | |
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158 subscribe to that group, or you can type |
25852 | 159 `G m alt.furniture.couches<RET>nntp<RET>news.funet.fi<RET>', if you |
160 like to type a lot. | |
161 | |
162 If you want to read a directory as a newsgroup, you can create an | |
163 nndir group, much the same way. There's a shorthand for that, | |
164 though. If, for instance, you want to read the (ding) list archives, | |
165 you could type `G d /ftp <RET>'. | |
166 | |
167 There's lots more to know about foreign groups, but you have to read | |
168 the info pages to find out more. | |
169 | |
170 | |
171 From lars Thu Feb 23 23:20:38 1995 | |
172 From: larsi@ifi.uio.no (ding) | |
173 Date: Fri Feb 24 13:40:45 1995 | |
174 Subject: Low level changes in GNUS, or, Wrong type argument: stringp, nil | |
175 Message-ID: <lars-doc6@eyesore.no> | |
176 | |
177 Gnus really isn't GNUS, even though it looks like it. If you scrape | |
178 the surface, you'll find that most things have changed. | |
179 | |
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180 This means that old code that relies on GNUS internals will fail. |
25852 | 181 |
182 In particular, `gnus-newsrc-hashtb', `gnus-newsrc-assoc', | |
183 `gnus-killed-list', the `nntp-header-' macros and the display formats | |
184 have all changed. If you have some code lying around that depend on | |
185 these, or change these, you'll have to re-write your code. | |
186 | |
187 Old hilit19 code does not work at all. In fact, you should probably | |
188 remove all hilit code from all the Gnus hooks | |
189 (`gnus-group-prepare-hook', `gnus-summary-prepare-hook' and | |
190 `gnus-summary-article-hook'). (Well, at the very least the first | |
191 two.) Gnus provides various integrated functions for highlighting, | |
192 which are both faster and more accurated. | |
193 | |
194 There is absolutely no chance, whatsoever, of getting Gnus to work | |
195 with Emacs 18. It won't even work on Emacsen older than Emacs | |
196 19.30/XEmacs 19.13. Upgrade your Emacs or die. | |
197 | |
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198 |
25852 | 199 From lars Thu Feb 23 23:20:38 1995 |
200 From: larsi@ifi.uio.no (ding) | |
201 Date: Fri Feb 24 13:40:45 1995 | |
202 Subject: How do I re-scan my mail groups? | |
203 Message-ID: <lars-doc8@eyesore.no> | |
204 | |
205 Reading the active file from the nntp server is a drag. | |
206 | |
207 Just press `M-g' on the mail groups, and they will be re-scanned. | |
208 | |
209 You can also re-scan all the mail groups by putting them on level 1 | |
210 (`S l 1'), and saying `1 g' to re-scan all level 1 groups. | |
211 | |
212 | |
213 From lars Thu Feb 23 23:20:38 1995 | |
214 From: larsi@ifi.uio.no (ding) | |
215 Date: Fri Feb 24 13:40:45 1995 | |
216 Subject: How do I set up virtual newsgroups? | |
217 Message-ID: <lars-doc9@eyesore.no> | |
218 | |
219 Virtual newsgroups are collections of other newsgroups. Why people | |
220 want this is beyond me, but here goes: | |
221 | |
222 Create the group by saying | |
223 | |
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224 `G m my.virtual.newsgroup<RET>nnvirtual<RET>^rec\.aquaria\.*<RET>' |
25852 | 225 |
226 This will create the group "nnvirtual:my.virtual.newsgroup", which | |
227 will collect all articles from all the groups in the "rec.aquaria" | |
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228 hierarchy. |
25852 | 229 |
230 If you want to edit the regular expression, just type `M-e' on the | |
231 group line. | |
232 | |
233 Note that all the groups that are part of the virtual group have to be | |
234 alive. This means that the cannot, absolutely not, be zombie or | |
235 killed. They can be unsubscribed; that's no problem. | |
236 | |
237 You can combine groups from different servers in the same virtual | |
238 newsgroup, something that may actually be useful. Say you have the | |
239 group "comp.headers" on the server "news.server.no" and the same group | |
240 on "news.server.edu". If people have posted articles with Distribution | |
241 headers that stop propagation of their articles, combining these two | |
242 newsgroups into one virtual newsgroup should give you a better view of | |
243 what's going on. | |
244 | |
245 One caveat, though: The virtual group article numbers from the first | |
246 source group (group A) will always be lower than the article numbers | |
247 from the second (group B). This means that Gnus will believe that | |
248 articles from group A are older than articles from group B. Threading | |
249 will lessen these problems, but it might be a good idea to sort the | |
250 threads over the date of the articles to get a correct feel for the | |
251 flow of the groups: | |
252 | |
253 (setq gnus-thread-sort-functions '(gnus-thread-sort-by-date)) | |
254 | |
255 If you only want this in virtual groups, you could say something along | |
256 the lines of: | |
257 | |
258 (setq gnus-select-group-hook | |
259 (lambda () | |
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260 (if (eq 'nnvirtual (car (gnus-find-method-for-group |
25852 | 261 gnus-newsgroup-name))) |
262 (progn | |
263 (make-local-variable 'gnus-thread-sort-functions) | |
264 (setq gnus-thread-sort-functions '(gnus-thread-sort-by-date)))))) | |
265 | |
266 | |
267 From lars Thu Feb 23 23:20:38 1995 | |
268 From: larsi@ifi.uio.no (ding) | |
269 Date: Fri Feb 24 13:40:45 1995 | |
270 Subject: Bugs & stuff | |
271 Message-ID: <lars-doc7@eyesore.no> | |
272 | |
273 If you want to report a bug, please type `M-x gnus-bug'. This will | |
274 give me a precise overview of your Gnus and Emacs version numbers, | |
275 along with a look at all Gnus variables you have changed. | |
276 | |
277 Du not expect a reply back, but your bug should be fixed in the next | |
278 version. If the bug persists, please re-submit your bug report. | |
279 | |
280 When a bug occurs, I need a recipe for how to trigger the bug. You | |
281 have to tell me exactly what you do to uncover the bug, and you should | |
282 (setq debug-on-error t) and send me the backtrace along with the bug | |
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283 report. |
25852 | 284 |
285 If I am not able to reproduce the bug, I won't be able to fix it. | |
286 | |
287 I would, of course, prefer that you locate the bug, fix it, and mail | |
288 me the patches, but one can't have everything. | |
289 | |
290 If you have any questions on usage, the "ding@ifi.uio.no" mailing list | |
291 is where to post the questions. | |
292 | |
293 |