Mercurial > emacs
annotate lispref/anti.texi @ 60573:76fcfe4d97de
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author | Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org> |
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date | Fri, 11 Mar 2005 23:51:27 +0000 |
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6380 | 1 @c -*-texinfo-*- |
2 @c This is part of the GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual. | |
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3 @c Copyright (C) 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
6380 | 4 @c See the file elisp.texi for copying conditions. |
29110 | 5 |
6 @c This node must have no pointers. | |
7 | |
30904 | 8 @node Antinews, GNU Free Documentation License, System Interface, Top |
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9 @appendix Emacs 20 Antinews |
6380 | 10 |
11 For those users who live backwards in time, here is information about | |
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12 downgrading to Emacs version 20.4. We hope you will enjoy the greater |
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13 simplicity that results from the absence of many Emacs 21 features. In |
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14 the following section, we carry this information back to Emacs |
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15 20.3, for which the previous printed edition of this manual was made. |
6380 | 16 |
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17 @section Old Lisp Features in Emacs 20 |
6380 | 18 |
19 @itemize @bullet | |
20 @item | |
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21 The @code{push} and @code{pop} macros are not defined. |
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22 Neither are @code{dolist} and @code{dotimes}. |
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23 |
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24 @item |
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25 You can't display images in buffers. (Emacs is meant for editing text.) |
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26 With no images, there are no display margins, and no tool bars. |
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27 |
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28 @item |
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29 The @code{display} text property has no special meaning; you can use it |
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30 freely in Lisp programs, with no effects except what you implement for |
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31 yourself. With no images, who needs the @code{display} text property? |
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32 |
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33 @item |
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34 The @code{field} text property has no special meaning; buffers are no |
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35 longer subdivided into fields. (The division of information into |
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36 fields is always rather arbitrary.) |
26216 | 37 |
38 @item | |
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39 Faces have fewer attributes. The attributes @code{:family}, |
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40 @code{:height}, @code{:width}, @code{:weight}, and @code{:slant}, |
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41 have been replaced with a font name, a ``bold'' flag, and an |
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42 ``italic'' flag. |
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43 |
26216 | 44 The attributes @code{:overline}, @code{:strike-through} and @code{:box} |
45 have been eliminated too. Underlining now always has the same color as | |
46 the text---using any other color would be bad taste. | |
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47 |
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48 With fewer font attributes, there are no functions |
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49 @code{set-face-attribute} and @code{face-attribute}. Instead, you |
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50 access these attributes using functions such as @code{face-font}, and |
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51 set them with functions such as @code{set-face-font}. (These functions |
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52 were available in Emacs 21, but are not as useful there.) |
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53 |
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54 @item |
26216 | 55 The standard faces @code{scroll-bar}, @code{menu}, @code{border}, |
56 @code{cursor}, and @code{mouse} have been eliminated. They are rather | |
57 strange, as faces, and therefore shouldn't really exist. You can use | |
58 @code{set-border-color}, @code{set-cursor-color} and | |
59 @code{set-mouse-color} to specify the colors for the frame border, the | |
60 text cursor, and the mouse cursor. To specify menu colors, use X | |
61 resources. | |
62 | |
63 @item | |
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64 Colors and other face attributes are no longer supported on character |
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65 terminals, so you no longer have to worry about terminals making faces |
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66 at you. |
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67 |
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68 @item |
26216 | 69 Emacs will respect your peace and quiet, aside from occasional beeps, |
70 because there are no facilities for playing sounds. | |
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71 |
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72 @item |
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73 Emacs 20 provides a complex and badly designed method for handling |
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74 character composition for languages such as Thai that display several |
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75 letters as a single combined image. We are too ashamed of it to tell |
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76 you any more than that. |
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77 |
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78 @item |
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79 @code{delete-and-extract-region} has been deleted; instead, use |
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80 @code{buffer-substring} to extract the text, then use |
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81 @code{delete-region} to delete it. |
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82 |
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83 @item |
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84 Regular expressions do not support the POSIX character classes |
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85 such as @samp{[:alpha:]}. All characters are created equal. |
6380 | 86 |
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87 @item |
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88 Hash tables have been eliminated; use alists instead. |
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89 |
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90 @item |
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91 The Lisp printer does not detect and report circular structure. That is |
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92 ok, because the Lisp reader cannot recreate circular structure anyway. |
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93 However, there is a library @samp{cust-print.el} which can report |
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94 circular structure. |
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95 |
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96 @item |
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97 Emacs provides its own implementation of scroll bars, instead |
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98 of using those of the X toolkit. They always use the frame foreground |
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99 and background colors, so you cannot specify different colors for |
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100 the scroll bars. |
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101 |
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102 @item |
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103 For simplicity, all @acronym{ASCII} characters now have the same height and width. |
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104 (Certain characters, such as Chinese characters, always have twice |
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105 the standard width.) All characters are created equal. |
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106 |
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107 @item |
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108 You can now resize any Emacs window, and size changes in one window can |
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109 propagate to all others. Windows can no longer use |
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110 @code{window-size-fixed} to get special privileges. |
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111 |
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112 @item |
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113 The function @code{intern-soft} no longer accepts a symbol as argument. |
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114 |
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115 @item |
26216 | 116 The function @code{bitmap-spec-p} has been renamed to |
117 @code{pixmap-spec-p} to encourage users to practice Emacs' help system | |
118 while trying to find it. | |
119 | |
120 @item | |
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121 Tooltips operate using ordinary Emacs frames. |
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122 |
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123 @item |
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124 Areas of the mode line are not mouse-sensitive; however, some mouse |
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125 commands are available for the mode line as a whole. |
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126 |
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127 @item |
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128 Windows cannot have header lines. Conversely, there is no way to turn |
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129 off the mode line of a window unless it is a minibuffer. |
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130 |
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131 @item |
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132 Plain dashes are the only separators you can use in a menu. |
6380 | 133 |
134 @item | |
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135 Vertical fractional scrolling does not exist. |
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136 |
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137 @item |
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138 The functions @code{format} and @code{message} ignore and discard text |
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139 properties. |
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140 |
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141 @item |
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142 The function @code{propertize} does not exist; |
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143 you can get the job done using @code{set-text-properties}. |
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144 |
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145 @item |
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146 Colors are supported only on window systems, not on text-only terminals. |
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147 So the support functions for colors on text-only terminals are |
26216 | 148 not needed, and have been eliminated. |
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149 |
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150 @item |
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151 The functions @code{color-values}, @code{color-defined-p} and |
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152 @code{defined-colors} have been renamed to @code{x-color-values}, |
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153 @code{x-color-defined-p} and @code{x-defined-colors}. |
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154 |
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155 @item |
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156 Windows cannot be made fixed-width or fixed-height; |
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157 Emacs will adjust the size of all windows when it needs to. |
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158 |
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159 @item |
25875 | 160 The string used as the value of the @code{before-string} or |
161 @code{after-string} property must contain only characters that display | |
162 as a single column---control characters, including tabs and newlines, | |
163 will give strange results. | |
164 | |
165 @item | |
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166 The minibuffer prompt does not actually appear in content of the |
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167 minibuffer; it is displayed specially in the minibuffer window. |
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168 |
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169 @item |
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170 The ``exclusive open'' feature of @code{write-region} |
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171 has been eliminated; any non-@code{nil} value for the seventh |
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172 argument now means to ask the user for confirmation. |
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173 |
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174 @item |
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175 The function @code{buffer-size} always reports on the |
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176 current buffer. |
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177 |
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178 @item |
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179 The function @code{assq-delete-all} has itself been deleted. |
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180 So there! |
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181 |
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182 @item |
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183 The keyword @code{:set-after} no longer does anything in |
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184 @code{defcustom}. |
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185 |
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186 @item |
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187 The variable @code{small-temporary-file-directory} has no special |
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188 meaning. There's only one variable for specifying which directory to |
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189 use for temporary files, @code{temporary-file-directory}, but not all |
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190 Emacs features use it anyway. Some use the @code{TMP} environment |
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191 variable, and some use the @code{TMPDIR} environment variable. |
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192 |
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193 @item |
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194 If the second argument of @code{save-some-buffers}, @var{pred}, is not |
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195 @code{nil}, then the precise value no longer matters. Any |
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196 non-@code{nil} value means the same as @code{t}: offer to save each |
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197 non-file buffer that has a non-@code{nil} value for |
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198 @code{buffer-offer-save}. |
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199 |
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200 @item |
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201 The variable @code{inhibit-modification-hooks} |
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202 has no special meaning. |
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203 |
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204 @item |
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205 The hook @code{fontification-functions} has been eliminated, |
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206 but there are other hooks, such as @code{window-scroll-functions}, |
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207 that you can use to do a similar job. |
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208 |
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209 @item |
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210 The variable @code{redisplay-dont-pause} |
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211 has no special meaning. |
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212 |
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213 @item |
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214 The hook @code{calendar-move-hook} has been deleted. |
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215 |
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216 @item |
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217 The function @code{move-to-column} treats any non-@code{nil} |
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218 second argument just like @code{t}. |
6380 | 219 @end itemize |
220 | |
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221 @section Old Lisp Features in Emacs 20.3 |
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222 |
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223 Here are the most important of the features that you will learn |
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224 to do without in Emacs 20.3: |
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225 |
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226 Here are changes in the Lisp language itself: |
6380 | 227 |
228 @itemize @bullet | |
229 @item | |
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230 The functions @code{line-beginning-position} and @code{line-end-position} |
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231 have been eliminated. |
6380 | 232 |
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233 @item |
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234 The functions @code{directory-files-and-attributes}, |
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235 @code{file-attributes-lessp}, and @code{file-expand-wildcards}, have |
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236 been eliminated. |
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237 |
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238 @item |
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239 The functions @code{decode-coding-region} and @code{encode-coding-region} |
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240 leave text properties untouched, in case that is useful. (It rarely makes |
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241 any sense, though.) |
6380 | 242 |
7734 | 243 @item |
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244 The functions @code{position-bytes} and @code{byte-to-position} have |
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245 been eliminated. |
6380 | 246 |
247 @item | |
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248 Temporary buffers made with @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} are now |
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249 modifiable by default, and use Fundamental mode rather than Help mode. |
6380 | 250 |
251 @item | |
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252 The functions @code{sref} interprets its @var{index} argument as a |
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253 number of bytes, not a number of characters. And the function |
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254 @code{char-bytes} actually tries to report on the number of bytes that a |
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255 character occupies. |
6380 | 256 |
257 @item | |
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258 The function @code{process-running-child-p} has been eliminated. |
6380 | 259 |
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260 @item |
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261 The function @code{interrupt-process} and similar functions no longer do |
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262 anything special when the second argument is @code{lambda}. |
6380 | 263 |
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264 @item |
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265 The function @code{define-prefix-command} accepts only two arguments. |
6380 | 266 |
267 @item | |
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268 The meaning of the second argument to @code{read-char}, |
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269 @code{read-event}, and @code{read-char-exclusive} has been reversed: |
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270 they use the current input method if the argument is if @code{nil}. |
6380 | 271 |
272 @item | |
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273 The function @code{with-temp-message} has been eliminated. |
6380 | 274 |
275 @item | |
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276 The function @code{clear-this-command-keys} has been eliminated. |
6380 | 277 |
278 @item | |
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279 The functions @code{gap-position} and @code{gap-size} have been eliminated. |
6380 | 280 |
281 @item | |
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282 In @code{modify-face}, an argument of @code{(nil)} has no special |
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283 meaning. |
6380 | 284 |
285 @item | |
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286 The base64 conversion functions have been eliminated. |
6380 | 287 |
288 @item | |
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289 Wildcard support has been eliminated from @code{find-file} |
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290 and allied functions. |
6380 | 291 |
292 @item | |
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293 @code{file-attributes} returns the file size and the file inode number |
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294 only as a simple integer. |
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295 Also @acronym{UID} and @acronym{GID} are always returned as integers. |
6380 | 296 @end itemize |
52401 | 297 |
298 @ignore | |
299 arch-tag: 1d0ef137-2bad-430e-ae8e-d820d569b5a6 | |
300 @end ignore |