annotate man/display.texi @ 75679:7a4a95a4764f

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author Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
date Mon, 05 Feb 2007 09:07:32 +0000
parents 3d45362f1d38
children ef200080db2d 95d0cdf160ea
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1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual.
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2 @c Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, 2000, 2001,
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3 @c 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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4 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions.
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5 @node Display, Search, Registers, Top
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6 @chapter Controlling the Display
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7
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8 Since only part of a large buffer fits in the window, Emacs tries to
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9 show a part that is likely to be interesting. Display-control
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10 commands allow you to specify which part of the text you want to see,
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11 and how to display it. Many variables also affect the details of
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12 redisplay. Unless otherwise stated, the variables described in this
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13 chapter have their effect by customizing redisplay itself; therefore,
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14 their values only make a difference at the time of redisplay.
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15
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16 @menu
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17 * Scrolling:: Commands to move text up and down in a window.
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18 * Auto Scrolling:: Redisplay scrolls text automatically when needed.
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19 * Horizontal Scrolling:: Moving text left and right in a window.
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20 * Follow Mode:: Follow mode lets two windows scroll as one.
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21 * Faces:: How to change the display style using faces.
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22 * Standard Faces:: Emacs' predefined faces.
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23 * Font Lock:: Minor mode for syntactic highlighting using faces.
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24 * Highlight Interactively:: Tell Emacs what text to highlight.
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25 * Fringes:: Enabling or disabling window fringes.
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26 * Displaying Boundaries:: Displaying top and bottom of the buffer.
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27 * Useless Whitespace:: Showing possibly-spurious trailing whitespace.
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28 * Selective Display:: Hiding lines with lots of indentation.
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29 * Optional Mode Line:: Optional mode line display features.
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30 * Text Display:: How text characters are normally displayed.
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31 * Cursor Display:: Features for displaying the cursor.
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32 * Line Truncation:: Truncating lines to fit the screen width instead
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33 of continuing them to multiple screen lines.
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34 * Display Custom:: Information on variables for customizing display.
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35 @end menu
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36
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37 @node Scrolling
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38 @section Scrolling
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39
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40 If a buffer contains text that is too large to fit entirely within a
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41 window that is displaying the buffer, Emacs shows a contiguous portion of
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42 the text. The portion shown always contains point.
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43
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44 @cindex scrolling
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45 @dfn{Scrolling} means moving text up or down in the window so that
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46 different parts of the text are visible. Scrolling ``forward'' or
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47 ``up'' means that text moves up, and new text appears at the bottom.
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48 Scrolling ``backward'' or ``down'' moves text down, and new text
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49 appears at the top.
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50
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51 Scrolling happens automatically if you move point past the bottom or
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52 top of the window. You can also scroll explicitly with the commands
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53 in this section.
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54
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55 @table @kbd
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56 @item C-l
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57 Clear screen and redisplay, scrolling the selected window to center
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58 point vertically within it (@code{recenter}).
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59 @item C-v
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60 Scroll forward (a windowful or a specified number of lines) (@code{scroll-up}).
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61 @item @key{NEXT}
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62 @itemx @key{PAGEDOWN}
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63 Likewise, scroll forward.
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64 @item M-v
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65 Scroll backward (@code{scroll-down}).
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66 @item @key{PRIOR}
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67 @itemx @key{PAGEUP}
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68 Likewise, scroll backward.
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69 @item @var{arg} C-l
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70 Scroll so point is on line @var{arg} (@code{recenter}).
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71 @item C-M-l
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72 Scroll heuristically to bring useful information onto the screen
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73 (@code{reposition-window}).
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74 @end table
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75
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76 @kindex C-l
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77 @findex recenter
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78 The most basic scrolling command is @kbd{C-l} (@code{recenter}) with
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79 no argument. It scrolls the selected window so that point is halfway
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80 down from the top of the window. On a text terminal, it also clears
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81 the screen and redisplays all windows. That is useful in case the
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82 screen is garbled (@pxref{Screen Garbled}).
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83
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84 @kindex C-v
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85 @kindex M-v
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86 @kindex NEXT
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87 @kindex PRIOR
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88 @kindex PAGEDOWN
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89 @kindex PAGEUP
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90 @findex scroll-up
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91 @findex scroll-down
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92 To read the buffer a windowful at a time, use @kbd{C-v}
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93 (@code{scroll-up}) with no argument. This scrolls forward by nearly
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94 the whole window height. The effect is to take the two lines at the
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95 bottom of the window and put them at the top, followed by nearly a
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96 whole windowful of lines that were not previously visible. If point
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97 was in the text that scrolled off the top, it ends up at the new top
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98 of the window.
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99
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100 @vindex next-screen-context-lines
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101 @kbd{M-v} (@code{scroll-down}) with no argument scrolls backward in
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102 a similar way, also with overlap. The number of lines of overlap that
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103 the @kbd{C-v} or @kbd{M-v} commands leave is controlled by the
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104 variable @code{next-screen-context-lines}; by default, it is 2. The
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105 function keys @key{NEXT} and @key{PRIOR}, or @key{PAGEDOWN} and
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106 @key{PAGEUP}, are equivalent to @kbd{C-v} and @kbd{M-v}.
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107
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108 The commands @kbd{C-v} and @kbd{M-v} with a numeric argument scroll
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109 the text in the selected window up or down a few lines. @kbd{C-v}
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110 with an argument moves the text and point up, together, that many
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111 lines; it brings the same number of new lines into view at the bottom
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112 of the window. @kbd{M-v} with numeric argument scrolls the text
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113 downward, bringing that many new lines into view at the top of the
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114 window. @kbd{C-v} with a negative argument is like @kbd{M-v} and vice
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115 versa.
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116
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117 The names of scroll commands are based on the direction that the
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118 text moves in the window. Thus, the command to scroll forward is
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119 called @code{scroll-up} because it moves the text upward on the
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120 screen. The keys @key{PAGEDOWN} and @key{PAGEUP} derive their names
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121 and customary meanings from a different convention that developed
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122 elsewhere; hence the strange result that @key{PAGEDOWN} runs
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123 @code{scroll-up}.
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124
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125 @vindex scroll-preserve-screen-position
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126 Some users like the full-screen scroll commands to keep point at the
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127 same screen line. To enable this behavior, set the variable
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128 @code{scroll-preserve-screen-position} to a non-@code{nil} value. In
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129 this mode, when these commands would scroll the text around point off
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130 the screen, or within @code{scroll-margin} lines of the edge, they
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131 moves point to keep the same vertical position within the window.
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132 This mode is convenient for browsing through a file by scrolling by
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133 screenfuls; if you come back to the screen where you started, point
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134 goes back to the line where it started. However, this mode is
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135 inconvenient when you move to the next screen in order to move point
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136 to the text there.
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137
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138 Another way to do scrolling is with @kbd{C-l} with a numeric argument.
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139 @kbd{C-l} does not clear the screen when given an argument; it only scrolls
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140 the selected window. With a positive argument @var{n}, it repositions text
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141 to put point @var{n} lines down from the top. An argument of zero puts
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142 point on the very top line. Point does not move with respect to the text;
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143 rather, the text and point move rigidly on the screen. @kbd{C-l} with a
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144 negative argument puts point that many lines from the bottom of the window.
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145 For example, @kbd{C-u - 1 C-l} puts point on the bottom line, and @kbd{C-u
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146 - 5 C-l} puts it five lines from the bottom. @kbd{C-u C-l} scrolls to put
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147 point at the center (vertically) of the selected window.
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148
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149 @kindex C-M-l
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150 @findex reposition-window
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151 The @kbd{C-M-l} command (@code{reposition-window}) scrolls the current
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152 window heuristically in a way designed to get useful information onto
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153 the screen. For example, in a Lisp file, this command tries to get the
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154 entire current defun onto the screen if possible.
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155
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156 @node Auto Scrolling
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157 @section Automatic Scrolling
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158
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159 @vindex scroll-conservatively
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160 Redisplay scrolls the buffer automatically when point moves out of
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161 the visible portion of the text. The purpose of automatic scrolling
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162 is to make point visible, but you can customize many aspects of how
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163 this is done.
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164
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165 Normally, automatic scrolling centers point vertically within the
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166 window. However, if you set @code{scroll-conservatively} to a small
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167 number @var{n}, then if you move point just a little off the
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168 screen---less than @var{n} lines---then Emacs scrolls the text just
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169 far enough to bring point back on screen. By default,
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170 @code{scroll-conservatively} is@tie{}0.
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171
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172 @cindex aggressive scrolling
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173 @vindex scroll-up-aggressively
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174 @vindex scroll-down-aggressively
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175 When the window does scroll by a longer distance, you can control
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176 how aggressively it scrolls, by setting the variables
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177 @code{scroll-up-aggressively} and @code{scroll-down-aggressively}.
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178 The value of @code{scroll-up-aggressively} should be either
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179 @code{nil}, or a fraction @var{f} between 0 and 1. A fraction
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180 specifies where on the screen to put point when scrolling upward.
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181 More precisely, when a window scrolls up because point is above the
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182 window start, the new start position is chosen to put point @var{f}
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183 part of the window height from the top. The larger @var{f}, the more
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184 aggressive the scrolling.
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185
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186 @code{nil}, which is the default, scrolls to put point at the center.
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187 So it is equivalent to .5.
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188
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189 Likewise, @code{scroll-down-aggressively} is used for scrolling
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190 down. The value, @var{f}, specifies how far point should be placed
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191 from the bottom of the window; thus, as with
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192 @code{scroll-up-aggressively}, a larger value is more aggressive.
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193
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194 @vindex scroll-margin
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195 The variable @code{scroll-margin} restricts how close point can come
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196 to the top or bottom of a window. Its value is a number of screen
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197 lines; if point comes within that many lines of the top or bottom of the
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198 window, Emacs recenters the window. By default, @code{scroll-margin} is
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199 0.
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200
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201 @node Horizontal Scrolling
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202 @section Horizontal Scrolling
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203 @cindex horizontal scrolling
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204
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205 @dfn{Horizontal scrolling} means shifting all the lines sideways
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206 within a window---so that some of the text near the left margin is not
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207 displayed at all. When the text in a window is scrolled horizontally,
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208 text lines are truncated rather than continued (@pxref{Line
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209 Truncation}). Whenever a window shows truncated lines, Emacs
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210 automatically updates its horizontal scrolling whenever point moves
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211 off the left or right edge of the screen. You can also use these
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212 commands to do explicit horizontal scrolling.
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213
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214 @table @kbd
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215 @item C-x <
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216 Scroll text in current window to the left (@code{scroll-left}).
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217 @item C-x >
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218 Scroll to the right (@code{scroll-right}).
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219 @end table
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220
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221 @kindex C-x <
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222 @kindex C-x >
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223 @findex scroll-left
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224 @findex scroll-right
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225 The command @kbd{C-x <} (@code{scroll-left}) scrolls the selected
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226 window to the left by @var{n} columns with argument @var{n}. This moves
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227 part of the beginning of each line off the left edge of the window.
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228 With no argument, it scrolls by almost the full width of the window (two
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229 columns less, to be precise).
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230
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231 @kbd{C-x >} (@code{scroll-right}) scrolls similarly to the right. The
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232 window cannot be scrolled any farther to the right once it is displayed
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233 normally (with each line starting at the window's left margin);
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234 attempting to do so has no effect. This means that you don't have to
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235 calculate the argument precisely for @w{@kbd{C-x >}}; any sufficiently large
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236 argument will restore the normal display.
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237
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238 If you use those commands to scroll a window horizontally, that sets
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239 a lower bound for automatic horizontal scrolling. Automatic scrolling
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240 will continue to scroll the window, but never farther to the right
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241 than the amount you previously set by @code{scroll-left}.
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242
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243 @vindex hscroll-margin
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244 The value of the variable @code{hscroll-margin} controls how close
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245 to the window's edges point is allowed to get before the window will
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246 be automatically scrolled. It is measured in columns. If the value
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247 is 5, then moving point within 5 columns of the edge causes horizontal
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248 scrolling away from that edge.
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249
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250 @vindex hscroll-step
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251 The variable @code{hscroll-step} determines how many columns to
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252 scroll the window when point gets too close to the edge. If it's
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253 zero, horizontal scrolling centers point horizontally within the
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254 window. If it's a positive integer, it specifies the number of
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255 columns to scroll by. If it's a floating-point number, it specifies
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256 the fraction of the window's width to scroll by. The default is zero.
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257
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258 @vindex auto-hscroll-mode
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259 To disable automatic horizontal scrolling, set the variable
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260 @code{auto-hscroll-mode} to @code{nil}.
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261
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262 @node Follow Mode
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263 @section Follow Mode
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264 @cindex Follow mode
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265 @cindex mode, Follow
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266 @findex follow-mode
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267 @cindex windows, synchronizing
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268 @cindex synchronizing windows
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269
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270 @dfn{Follow mode} is a minor mode that makes two windows, both
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271 showing the same buffer, scroll as a single tall ``virtual window.''
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272 To use Follow mode, go to a frame with just one window, split it into
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273 two side-by-side windows using @kbd{C-x 3}, and then type @kbd{M-x
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274 follow-mode}. From then on, you can edit the buffer in either of the
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275 two windows, or scroll either one; the other window follows it.
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276
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277 In Follow mode, if you move point outside the portion visible in one
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278 window and into the portion visible in the other window, that selects
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279 the other window---again, treating the two as if they were parts of
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280 one large window.
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281
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282 To turn off Follow mode, type @kbd{M-x follow-mode} a second time.
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283
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284 @node Faces
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285 @section Using Multiple Typefaces
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286 @cindex faces
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287
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288 You can specify various styles for displaying text using
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289 @dfn{faces}. Each face can specify various @dfn{face attributes},
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290 such as the font family, the height, weight and slant of the
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291 characters, the foreground and background color, and underlining or
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292 overlining. A face does not have to specify all of these attributes;
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293 often it inherits most of them from another face.
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294
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295 On graphical display, all the Emacs face attributes are meaningful.
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296 On a text-only terminal, only some of them work. Some text-only
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297 terminals support inverse video, bold, and underline attributes; some
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298 support colors. Text-only terminals generally do not support changing
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299 the height and width or the font family.
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300
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301 Emacs uses faces automatically for highlighting, through the work of
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302 Font Lock mode. @xref{Font Lock}, for more information about Font
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303 Lock mode and syntactic highlighting. You can print out the buffer
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304 with the highlighting that appears on your screen using the command
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305 @code{ps-print-buffer-with-faces}. @xref{PostScript}.
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306
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307 You control the appearance of a part of the text in the buffer by
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308 specifying the face or faces to use for it. The style of display used
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309 for any given character is determined by combining the attributes of
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310 all the applicable faces specified for that character. Any attribute
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311 that isn't specified by these faces is taken from the @code{default} face,
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312 whose attributes reflect the default settings of the frame itself.
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313
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314 Enriched mode, the mode for editing formatted text, includes several
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315 commands and menus for specifying faces for text in the buffer.
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316 @xref{Format Faces}, for how to specify the font for text in the
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317 buffer. @xref{Format Colors}, for how to specify the foreground and
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318 background color.
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319
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320 @cindex face colors, setting
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321 @findex set-face-foreground
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322 @findex set-face-background
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323 To alter the appearance of a face, use the customization buffer.
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324 @xref{Face Customization}. You can also use X resources to specify
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325 attributes of particular faces (@pxref{Resources}). Alternatively,
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326 you can change the foreground and background colors of a specific face
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327 with @kbd{M-x set-face-foreground} and @kbd{M-x set-face-background}.
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328 These commands prompt in the minibuffer for a face name and a color
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329 name, with completion, and then set that face to use the specified
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330 color. Changing the colors of the @code{default} face also changes
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331 the foreground and background colors on all frames, both existing and
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332 those to be created in the future. (You can also set foreground and
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333 background colors for the current frame only; see @ref{Frame
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334 Parameters}.)
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335
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336 Emacs can correctly display variable-width fonts, but Emacs commands
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337 that calculate width and indentation do not know how to calculate
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338 variable widths. This can sometimes lead to incorrect results when
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339 you use variable-width fonts. In particular, indentation commands can
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340 give inconsistent results, so we recommend you avoid variable-width
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341 fonts for editing program source code. Filling will sometimes make
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342 lines too long or too short. We plan to address these issues in
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343 future Emacs versions.
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344
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345 @node Standard Faces
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346 @section Standard Faces
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347
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348 @findex list-faces-display
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349 To see what faces are currently defined, and what they look like,
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350 type @kbd{M-x list-faces-display}. It's possible for a given face to
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351 look different in different frames; this command shows the appearance
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352 in the frame in which you type it.
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353
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354 Here are the standard faces for specifying text appearance. You can
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355 apply them to specific text when you want the effects they produce.
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356
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357 @table @code
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358 @item default
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359 This face is used for ordinary text that doesn't specify any face.
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360 @item bold
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361 This face uses a bold variant of the default font, if it has one.
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362 It's up to you to choose a default font that has a bold variant,
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363 if you want to use one.
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364 @item italic
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365 This face uses an italic variant of the default font, if it has one.
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366 @item bold-italic
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367 This face uses a bold italic variant of the default font, if it has one.
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368 @item underline
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369 This face underlines text.
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370 @item fixed-pitch
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371 This face forces use of a particular fixed-width font.
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372 @item variable-pitch
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373 This face forces use of a particular variable-width font. It's
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374 reasonable to customize this face to use a different variable-width font,
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diff changeset
375 if you like, but you should not make it a fixed-width font.
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376 @item shadow
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Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 64890
diff changeset
377 This face is used for making the text less noticeable than the surrounding
66cc2e8acc4b (Standard Faces): Merge the text from `(elisp)Standard Faces' into this node.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 64890
diff changeset
378 ordinary text. Usually this can be achieved by using shades of gray in
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Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 64890
diff changeset
379 contrast with either black or white default foreground color.
63722
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380 @end table
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
381
8894aea35766 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
382 Here's an incomplete list of faces used to highlight parts of the
8894aea35766 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
383 text temporarily for specific purposes. (Many other modes define
8894aea35766 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
384 their own faces for this purpose.)
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
385
8894aea35766 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
386 @table @code
36554
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
387 @item highlight
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
388 This face is used for highlighting portions of text, in various modes.
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
389 For example, mouse-sensitive text is highlighted using this face.
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
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390 @item isearch
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391 This face is used for highlighting the current Isearch match.
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
392 @item query-replace
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
393 This face is used for highlighting the current Query Replace match.
59429
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59259
diff changeset
394 @item lazy-highlight
d189a9fc6e5b (Faces): isearch-lazy-highlight-face renamed to lazy-highlight.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59259
diff changeset
395 This face is used for lazy highlighting of Isearch and Query Replace
d189a9fc6e5b (Faces): isearch-lazy-highlight-face renamed to lazy-highlight.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59259
diff changeset
396 matches other than the current one.
36554
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
397 @item region
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
398 This face is used for displaying a selected region (when Transient Mark
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
399 mode is enabled---see below).
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
400 @item secondary-selection
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
401 This face is used for displaying a secondary X selection (@pxref{Secondary
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
402 Selection}).
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
403 @item trailing-whitespace
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Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 64890
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404 The face for highlighting excess spaces and tabs at the end of a line
66cc2e8acc4b (Standard Faces): Merge the text from `(elisp)Standard Faces' into this node.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 64890
diff changeset
405 when @code{show-trailing-whitespace} is non-@code{nil}; see
66cc2e8acc4b (Standard Faces): Merge the text from `(elisp)Standard Faces' into this node.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 64890
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406 @ref{Useless Whitespace}.
63722
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407 @item nobreak-space
72101
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 71581
diff changeset
408 The face for displaying the character ``nobreak space.''
63722
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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409 @item escape-glyph
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
410 The face for highlighting the @samp{\} or @samp{^} that indicates
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
411 a control character. It's also used when @samp{\} indicates a
8894aea35766 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
412 nobreak space or nobreak (soft) hyphen.
36554
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
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413 @end table
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
414
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
415 @cindex @code{region} face
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
416 When Transient Mark mode is enabled, the text of the region is
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
417 highlighted when the mark is active. This uses the face named
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
418 @code{region}; you can control the style of highlighting by changing the
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
419 style of this face (@pxref{Face Customization}). @xref{Transient Mark},
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
420 for more information about Transient Mark mode and activation and
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
421 deactivation of the mark.
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
422
63722
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
423 These faces control the appearance of parts of the Emacs frame.
8894aea35766 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
424 They exist as faces to provide a consistent way to customize the
8894aea35766 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
425 appearance of these parts of the frame.
36554
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
426
63722
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
427 @table @code
8894aea35766 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
428 @item mode-line
65077
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Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 64890
diff changeset
429 @itemx modeline
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Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 64890
diff changeset
430 This face is used for the mode line of the currently selected window,
66cc2e8acc4b (Standard Faces): Merge the text from `(elisp)Standard Faces' into this node.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 64890
diff changeset
431 and for menu bars when toolkit menus are not used. By default, it's
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
432 drawn with shadows for a ``raised'' effect on graphical displays, and
65077
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Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 64890
diff changeset
433 drawn as the inverse of the default face on non-windowed terminals.
66cc2e8acc4b (Standard Faces): Merge the text from `(elisp)Standard Faces' into this node.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 64890
diff changeset
434 @code{modeline} is an alias for the @code{mode-line} face, for
66cc2e8acc4b (Standard Faces): Merge the text from `(elisp)Standard Faces' into this node.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 64890
diff changeset
435 compatibility with old Emacs versions.
63722
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
436 @item mode-line-inactive
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
437 Like @code{mode-line}, but used for mode lines of the windows other
8894aea35766 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
438 than the selected one (if @code{mode-line-in-non-selected-windows} is
8894aea35766 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
439 non-@code{nil}). This face inherits from @code{mode-line}, so changes
8894aea35766 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
440 in that face affect mode lines in all windows.
68220
87b296ffb009 (Standard Faces): Add `mode-line-buffer-id'.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 67937
diff changeset
441 @item mode-line-highlight
87b296ffb009 (Standard Faces): Add `mode-line-buffer-id'.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 67937
diff changeset
442 Like @code{highlight}, but used for portions of text on mode lines.
87b296ffb009 (Standard Faces): Add `mode-line-buffer-id'.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 67937
diff changeset
443 @item mode-line-buffer-id
87b296ffb009 (Standard Faces): Add `mode-line-buffer-id'.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 67937
diff changeset
444 This face is used for buffer identification parts in the mode line.
63722
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
445 @item header-line
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
446 Similar to @code{mode-line} for a window's header line, which appears
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
447 at the top of a window just as the mode line appears at the bottom.
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
448 Most windows do not have a header line---only some special modes, such
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
449 Info mode, create one.
63722
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
450 @item vertical-border
64869
bbfc1ad69918 (Standard Faces): Describe vertical-border on window systems.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 64362
diff changeset
451 This face is used for the vertical divider between windows.
bbfc1ad69918 (Standard Faces): Describe vertical-border on window systems.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 64362
diff changeset
452 By default this face inherits from the @code{mode-line-inactive} face
68516
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
453 on character terminals. On graphical displays the foreground color of
64869
bbfc1ad69918 (Standard Faces): Describe vertical-border on window systems.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 64362
diff changeset
454 this face is used for the vertical line between windows without
bbfc1ad69918 (Standard Faces): Describe vertical-border on window systems.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 64362
diff changeset
455 scrollbars.
63722
8894aea35766 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
456 @item minibuffer-prompt
65077
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Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 64890
diff changeset
457 @cindex @code{minibuffer-prompt} face
66cc2e8acc4b (Standard Faces): Merge the text from `(elisp)Standard Faces' into this node.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 64890
diff changeset
458 @vindex minibuffer-prompt-properties
63722
8894aea35766 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
459 This face is used for the prompt strings displayed in the minibuffer.
65077
66cc2e8acc4b (Standard Faces): Merge the text from `(elisp)Standard Faces' into this node.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 64890
diff changeset
460 By default, Emacs automatically adds this face to the value of
66cc2e8acc4b (Standard Faces): Merge the text from `(elisp)Standard Faces' into this node.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 64890
diff changeset
461 @code{minibuffer-prompt-properties}, which is a list of text
71581
e0b0c80d7e1c (Auto Scrolling): New node, broken out of Scrolling.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70483
diff changeset
462 properties used to display the prompt text. (This variable takes
e0b0c80d7e1c (Auto Scrolling): New node, broken out of Scrolling.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70483
diff changeset
463 effect when you enter the minibuffer.)
63722
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
464 @item fringe
65077
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Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 64890
diff changeset
465 @cindex @code{fringe} face
63722
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
466 The face for the fringes to the left and right of windows on graphic
8894aea35766 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
467 displays. (The fringes are the narrow portions of the Emacs frame
8894aea35766 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
468 between the text area and the window's right and left borders.)
8894aea35766 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
469 @xref{Fringes}.
8894aea35766 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
470 @item scroll-bar
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
471 This face determines the visual appearance of the scroll bar.
8894aea35766 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
472 @xref{Scroll Bars}.
8894aea35766 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
473 @item border
8894aea35766 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
474 This face determines the color of the frame border.
8894aea35766 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
475 @item cursor
8894aea35766 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
476 This face determines the color of the cursor.
8894aea35766 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
477 @item mouse
8894aea35766 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
478 This face determines the color of the mouse pointer.
8894aea35766 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
479 @item tool-bar
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
480 This face determines the color of tool bar icons. @xref{Tool Bars}.
63722
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
481 @item tooltip
8894aea35766 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
482 This face is used for tooltips. @xref{Tooltips}.
8894aea35766 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63721
diff changeset
483 @item menu
64362
cbb3c92e7023 (Standard Faces): Explain that customization of `menu' face has no effect
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 64153
diff changeset
484 @cindex menu bar appearance
cbb3c92e7023 (Standard Faces): Explain that customization of `menu' face has no effect
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 64153
diff changeset
485 @cindex @code{menu} face, no effect if customized
cbb3c92e7023 (Standard Faces): Explain that customization of `menu' face has no effect
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 64153
diff changeset
486 @cindex customization of @code{menu} face
cbb3c92e7023 (Standard Faces): Explain that customization of `menu' face has no effect
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 64153
diff changeset
487 This face determines the colors and font of Emacs's menus. @xref{Menu
cbb3c92e7023 (Standard Faces): Explain that customization of `menu' face has no effect
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 64153
diff changeset
488 Bars}. Setting the font of LessTif/Motif menus is currently not
cbb3c92e7023 (Standard Faces): Explain that customization of `menu' face has no effect
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 64153
diff changeset
489 supported; attempts to set the font are ignored in this case.
cbb3c92e7023 (Standard Faces): Explain that customization of `menu' face has no effect
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 64153
diff changeset
490 Likewise, attempts to customize this face in Emacs built with GTK and
68841
8db1976888d0 (Standard Faces): Mention Mac OS port.
YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
parents: 68714
diff changeset
491 in the MS-Windows/Mac ports are ignored by the respective GUI toolkits;
64362
cbb3c92e7023 (Standard Faces): Explain that customization of `menu' face has no effect
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 64153
diff changeset
492 you need to use system-wide styles and options to change the
cbb3c92e7023 (Standard Faces): Explain that customization of `menu' face has no effect
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 64153
diff changeset
493 appearance of the menus.
63722
8894aea35766 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
494 @end table
36554
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
495
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
496 @node Font Lock
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
497 @section Font Lock mode
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
498 @cindex Font Lock mode
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
499 @cindex mode, Font Lock
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
500 @cindex syntax highlighting and coloring
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
501
46036
dd119e0d1cea Explain that Font Lock controls fontification of special modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 45955
diff changeset
502 Font Lock mode is a minor mode, always local to a particular buffer,
60104
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
503 which highlights (or ``fontifies'') the buffer contents according to
46036
dd119e0d1cea Explain that Font Lock controls fontification of special modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 45955
diff changeset
504 the syntax of the text you are editing. It can recognize comments and
dd119e0d1cea Explain that Font Lock controls fontification of special modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 45955
diff changeset
505 strings in most languages; in several languages, it can also recognize
dd119e0d1cea Explain that Font Lock controls fontification of special modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 45955
diff changeset
506 and properly highlight various other important constructs---for
dd119e0d1cea Explain that Font Lock controls fontification of special modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 45955
diff changeset
507 example, names of functions being defined or reserved keywords.
dd119e0d1cea Explain that Font Lock controls fontification of special modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 45955
diff changeset
508 Some special modes, such as Occur mode and Info mode, have completely
dd119e0d1cea Explain that Font Lock controls fontification of special modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 45955
diff changeset
509 specialized ways of assigning fonts for Font Lock mode.
36554
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
510
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
511 @findex font-lock-mode
67061
4f3a6d09d436 Font lock enabled by default.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 67042
diff changeset
512 Font Lock mode is turned on by default in all modes which support it.
4f3a6d09d436 Font lock enabled by default.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 67042
diff changeset
513 You can toggle font-lock for each buffer with the command @kbd{M-x
4f3a6d09d436 Font lock enabled by default.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 67042
diff changeset
514 font-lock-mode}. Using a positive argument unconditionally turns Font
4f3a6d09d436 Font lock enabled by default.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 67042
diff changeset
515 Lock mode on, and a negative or zero argument turns it off.
4f3a6d09d436 Font lock enabled by default.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 67042
diff changeset
516
4f3a6d09d436 Font lock enabled by default.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 67042
diff changeset
517 @findex global-font-lock-mode
4f3a6d09d436 Font lock enabled by default.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 67042
diff changeset
518 @vindex global-font-lock-mode
4f3a6d09d436 Font lock enabled by default.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 67042
diff changeset
519 If you do not wish Font Lock mode to be turned on by default,
4f3a6d09d436 Font lock enabled by default.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 67042
diff changeset
520 customize the variable @code{global-font-lock-mode} using the Customize
4f3a6d09d436 Font lock enabled by default.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 67042
diff changeset
521 interface (@pxref{Easy Customization}), or use the function
4f3a6d09d436 Font lock enabled by default.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 67042
diff changeset
522 @code{global-font-lock-mode} in your @file{.emacs} file, like this:
4f3a6d09d436 Font lock enabled by default.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 67042
diff changeset
523
4f3a6d09d436 Font lock enabled by default.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 67042
diff changeset
524 @example
4f3a6d09d436 Font lock enabled by default.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 67042
diff changeset
525 (global-font-lock-mode 0)
4f3a6d09d436 Font lock enabled by default.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 67042
diff changeset
526 @end example
4f3a6d09d436 Font lock enabled by default.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 67042
diff changeset
527
71581
e0b0c80d7e1c (Auto Scrolling): New node, broken out of Scrolling.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70483
diff changeset
528 @noindent
e0b0c80d7e1c (Auto Scrolling): New node, broken out of Scrolling.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70483
diff changeset
529 This variable, like all the variables that control Font Lock mode,
e0b0c80d7e1c (Auto Scrolling): New node, broken out of Scrolling.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70483
diff changeset
530 take effect whenever fontification is done; that is, potentially at
e0b0c80d7e1c (Auto Scrolling): New node, broken out of Scrolling.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70483
diff changeset
531 any time.
e0b0c80d7e1c (Auto Scrolling): New node, broken out of Scrolling.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70483
diff changeset
532
36554
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
533 @findex turn-on-font-lock
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
534 If you have disabled Global Font Lock mode, you can still enable Font
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
535 Lock for specific major modes by adding the function
67061
4f3a6d09d436 Font lock enabled by default.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 67042
diff changeset
536 @code{turn-on-font-lock} to the mode hooks (@pxref{Hooks}). For
4f3a6d09d436 Font lock enabled by default.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 67042
diff changeset
537 example, to enable Font Lock mode for editing C files, you can do this:
36554
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
538
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
539 @example
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
540 (add-hook 'c-mode-hook 'turn-on-font-lock)
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
541 @end example
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
542
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
543 Font Lock mode uses several specifically named faces to do its job,
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
544 including @code{font-lock-string-face}, @code{font-lock-comment-face},
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
545 and others. The easiest way to find them all is to use @kbd{M-x
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
546 customize-group @key{RET} font-lock-faces @key{RET}}. You can then
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
547 use that customization buffer to customize the appearance of these
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
548 faces. @xref{Face Customization}.
36554
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
549
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
550 You can also customize these faces using @kbd{M-x
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
551 set-face-foreground} or @kbd{M-x set-face-background}. @xref{Faces}.
36554
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
552
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
553 @vindex font-lock-maximum-decoration
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
554 The variable @code{font-lock-maximum-decoration} specifies the
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
555 preferred level of fontification, for modes that provide multiple
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
556 levels. Level 1 is the least amount of fontification; some modes
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
557 support levels as high as 3. The normal default is ``as high as
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
558 possible.'' You can specify an integer, which applies to all modes, or
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
559 you can specify different numbers for particular major modes; for
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
560 example, to use level 1 for C/C++ modes, and the default level
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
561 otherwise, use this:
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
562
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
563 @example
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
564 (setq font-lock-maximum-decoration
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
565 '((c-mode . 1) (c++-mode . 1)))
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
566 @end example
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
567
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
568 @vindex font-lock-maximum-size
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
569 Fontification can be too slow for large buffers, so you can suppress
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
570 it for buffers above a certain size. The variable
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
571 @code{font-lock-maximum-size} specifies a buffer size, beyond which
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
572 buffer fontification is suppressed.
36554
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
573
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
574 @c @w is used below to prevent a bad page-break.
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
575 @vindex font-lock-beginning-of-syntax-function
39316
f6a4184f6285 (Font Lock): Add index entries for paren-in-column-zero problems.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39267
diff changeset
576 @cindex incorrect fontification
f6a4184f6285 (Font Lock): Add index entries for paren-in-column-zero problems.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39267
diff changeset
577 @cindex parenthesis in column zero and fontification
f6a4184f6285 (Font Lock): Add index entries for paren-in-column-zero problems.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39267
diff changeset
578 @cindex brace in column zero and fontification
36554
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
579 Comment and string fontification (or ``syntactic'' fontification)
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
580 relies on analysis of the syntactic structure of the buffer text. For
68539
fb70c9e1f026 (Font Lock): C mode no longer depends on (-in-col-0.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68517
diff changeset
581 the sake of speed, some modes, including Lisp mode, rely on a special
fb70c9e1f026 (Font Lock): C mode no longer depends on (-in-col-0.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68517
diff changeset
582 convention: an open-parenthesis or open-brace in the leftmost column
fb70c9e1f026 (Font Lock): C mode no longer depends on (-in-col-0.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68517
diff changeset
583 always defines the @w{beginning} of a defun, and is thus always
fb70c9e1f026 (Font Lock): C mode no longer depends on (-in-col-0.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68517
diff changeset
584 outside any string or comment. (@xref{Left Margin Paren}.) If you
fb70c9e1f026 (Font Lock): C mode no longer depends on (-in-col-0.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68517
diff changeset
585 don't follow this convention, Font Lock mode can misfontify the text
fb70c9e1f026 (Font Lock): C mode no longer depends on (-in-col-0.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68517
diff changeset
586 that follows an open-parenthesis or open-brace in the leftmost column
fb70c9e1f026 (Font Lock): C mode no longer depends on (-in-col-0.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68517
diff changeset
587 that is inside a string or comment.
36554
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
588
36719
ff26f01b3c8d (Faces): Fix description of terminals which support faces.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36554
diff changeset
589 @cindex slow display during scrolling
36554
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
590 The variable @code{font-lock-beginning-of-syntax-function} (always
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
591 buffer-local) specifies how Font Lock mode can find a position
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
592 guaranteed to be outside any comment or string. In modes which use the
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
593 leftmost column parenthesis convention, the default value of the variable
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
594 is @code{beginning-of-defun}---that tells Font Lock mode to use the
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
595 convention. If you set this variable to @code{nil}, Font Lock no longer
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
596 relies on the convention. This avoids incorrect results, but the price
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
597 is that, in some cases, fontification for a changed text must rescan
36719
ff26f01b3c8d (Faces): Fix description of terminals which support faces.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36554
diff changeset
598 buffer text from the beginning of the buffer. This can considerably
ff26f01b3c8d (Faces): Fix description of terminals which support faces.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36554
diff changeset
599 slow down redisplay while scrolling, particularly if you are close to
ff26f01b3c8d (Faces): Fix description of terminals which support faces.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36554
diff changeset
600 the end of a large buffer.
36554
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
601
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
602 @findex font-lock-add-keywords
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
603 Font Lock highlighting patterns already exist for many modes, but you
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
604 may want to fontify additional patterns. You can use the function
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
605 @code{font-lock-add-keywords}, to add your own highlighting patterns for
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
606 a particular mode. For example, to highlight @samp{FIXME:} words in C
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
607 comments, use this:
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
608
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
609 @example
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
610 (font-lock-add-keywords
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
611 'c-mode
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
612 '(("\\<\\(FIXME\\):" 1 font-lock-warning-face t)))
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
613 @end example
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
614
38923
62061f910492 (Font Lock): Document font-lock-remove-keywords.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38921
diff changeset
615 @findex font-lock-remove-keywords
62061f910492 (Font Lock): Document font-lock-remove-keywords.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38921
diff changeset
616 To remove keywords from the font-lock highlighting patterns, use the
51792
8896f8091409 (Font Lock): Add xref for format info on font-lock-remove-keywords.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
617 function @code{font-lock-remove-keywords}. @xref{Search-based
56779
7594fd57477f (Font Lock): Correct invalid @xref.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 52979
diff changeset
618 Fontification,,, elisp, The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}, for
7594fd57477f (Font Lock): Correct invalid @xref.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 52979
diff changeset
619 documentation of the format of this list.
38923
62061f910492 (Font Lock): Document font-lock-remove-keywords.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38921
diff changeset
620
42234
64fa0eed5865 (Font Lock): Mention jit-lock and its customization group.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 41374
diff changeset
621 @cindex just-in-time (JIT) font-lock
64fa0eed5865 (Font Lock): Mention jit-lock and its customization group.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 41374
diff changeset
622 @cindex background syntax highlighting
64fa0eed5865 (Font Lock): Mention jit-lock and its customization group.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 41374
diff changeset
623 Fontifying large buffers can take a long time. To avoid large
64fa0eed5865 (Font Lock): Mention jit-lock and its customization group.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 41374
diff changeset
624 delays when a file is visited, Emacs fontifies only the visible
64fa0eed5865 (Font Lock): Mention jit-lock and its customization group.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 41374
diff changeset
625 portion of a buffer. As you scroll through the buffer, each portion
64fa0eed5865 (Font Lock): Mention jit-lock and its customization group.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 41374
diff changeset
626 that becomes visible is fontified as soon as it is displayed. The
64fa0eed5865 (Font Lock): Mention jit-lock and its customization group.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 41374
diff changeset
627 parts of the buffer that are not displayed are fontified
60857
87594637fb45 (Font Lock): Put commas inside closequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60424
diff changeset
628 ``stealthily,'' in the background, i.e.@: when Emacs is idle. You can
59796
48aa868cde0b Don't say just "option" when talking about variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59429
diff changeset
629 control this background fontification, also called @dfn{Just-In-Time}
48aa868cde0b Don't say just "option" when talking about variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59429
diff changeset
630 (or @dfn{JIT}) Lock, by customizing variables in the customization
48aa868cde0b Don't say just "option" when talking about variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59429
diff changeset
631 group @samp{jit-lock}. @xref{Specific Customization}.
42234
64fa0eed5865 (Font Lock): Mention jit-lock and its customization group.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 41374
diff changeset
632
36554
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
633 @node Highlight Interactively
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
634 @section Interactive Highlighting
36554
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
635 @cindex highlighting by matching
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
636 @cindex interactive highlighting
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
637 @cindex Highlight Changes mode
36554
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
638
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
639 @findex highlight-changes-mode
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
640 Use @kbd{M-x highlight-changes-mode} to enable (or disable)
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
641 Highlight Changes mode, a minor mode that uses faces (colors,
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
642 typically) to indicate which parts of the buffer were changed most
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
643 recently.
36554
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
644
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
645 @cindex Hi Lock mode
36554
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
646 @findex hi-lock-mode
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
647 Hi Lock mode is another minor mode, which highlights text that
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
648 matches your specified regular expressions. For example, you might
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
649 wish to see all the references to a certain variable in a program
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
650 source file, highlight certain parts in a voluminous output of some
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
651 program, or make certain names stand out in an article. Use the
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
652 @kbd{M-x hi-lock-mode} command to enable (or disable) Hi Lock mode.
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
653 To enable Hi Lock mode for all buffers, use @kbd{M-x
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
654 global-hi-lock-mode} or place @code{(global-hi-lock-mode 1)} in your
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
655 @file{.emacs} file.
67476
9b11091298b7 (Highlight Interactively): Include global-hi-lock-mode. Add miscellaneous
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 67462
diff changeset
656
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
657 Hi Lock mode works like Font Lock mode (@pxref{Font Lock}), except
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
658 that you specify explicitly the regular expressions to highlight. You
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
659 control them with these commands:
36554
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
660
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
661 @table @kbd
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
662 @item C-x w h @var{regexp} @key{RET} @var{face} @key{RET}
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
663 @kindex C-x w h
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
664 @findex highlight-regexp
67476
9b11091298b7 (Highlight Interactively): Include global-hi-lock-mode. Add miscellaneous
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 67462
diff changeset
665 Highlight text that matches @var{regexp} using face @var{face}
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
666 (@code{highlight-regexp}). The highlighting will remain as long as
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
667 the buffer is loaded. For example, to highlight all occurrences of
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
668 the word ``whim'' using the default face (a yellow background)
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
669 @kbd{C-x w h whim @key{RET} @key{RET}}. Any face can be used for
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
670 highlighting, Hi Lock provides several of its own and these are
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
671 pre-loaded into a history list. While being prompted for a face use
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
672 @kbd{M-p} and @kbd{M-n} to cycle through them.
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
673
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
674 You can use this command multiple times, specifying various regular
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
675 expressions to highlight in different ways.
36554
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
676
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
677 @item C-x w r @var{regexp} @key{RET}
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
678 @kindex C-x w r
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
679 @findex unhighlight-regexp
67771
42ea65c4e348 (Highlight Interactively): Use double space to separate sentences.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 67476
diff changeset
680 Unhighlight @var{regexp} (@code{unhighlight-regexp}).
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
681
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
682 If you invoke this from the menu, you select the expression to
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
683 unhighlight from a list. If you invoke this from the keyboard, you
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
684 use the minibuffer. It will show the most recently added regular
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
685 expression; use @kbd{M-p} to show the next older expression and
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
686 @kbd{M-n} to select the next newer expression. (You can also type the
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
687 expression by hand, with completion.) When the expression you want to
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
688 unhighlight appears in the minibuffer, press @kbd{@key{RET}} to exit
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
689 the minibuffer and unhighlight it.
36554
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
690
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
691 @item C-x w l @var{regexp} @key{RET} @var{face} @key{RET}
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
692 @kindex C-x w l
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
693 @findex highlight-lines-matching-regexp
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
694 @cindex lines, highlighting
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
695 @cindex highlighting lines of text
38115
c75a19b1930f Local rewrites. Describe basic no-argument C-v and M-v first,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38048
diff changeset
696 Highlight entire lines containing a match for @var{regexp}, using face
36554
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
697 @var{face} (@code{highlight-lines-matching-regexp}).
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
698
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
699 @item C-x w b
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
700 @kindex C-x w b
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
701 @findex hi-lock-write-interactive-patterns
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
702 Insert all the current highlighting regexp/face pairs into the buffer
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
703 at point, with comment delimiters to prevent them from changing your
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
704 program. (This key binding runs the
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
705 @code{hi-lock-write-interactive-patterns} command.)
36554
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
706
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
707 These patterns will be read the next time you visit the file while
67476
9b11091298b7 (Highlight Interactively): Include global-hi-lock-mode. Add miscellaneous
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 67462
diff changeset
708 Hi Lock mode is enabled, or whenever you use the @kbd{M-x
36554
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
709 hi-lock-find-patterns} command.
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
710
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
711 @item C-x w i
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
712 @kindex C-x w i
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
713 @findex hi-lock-find-patterns
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
714 @vindex hi-lock-exclude-modes
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
715 Re-read regexp/face pairs in the current buffer
67771
42ea65c4e348 (Highlight Interactively): Use double space to separate sentences.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 67476
diff changeset
716 (@code{hi-lock-write-interactive-patterns}). Users familiar with Font
67476
9b11091298b7 (Highlight Interactively): Include global-hi-lock-mode. Add miscellaneous
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 67462
diff changeset
717 Lock keywords might interactively enter patterns
9b11091298b7 (Highlight Interactively): Include global-hi-lock-mode. Add miscellaneous
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 67462
diff changeset
718 (@code{highlight-regexp}), write them into the file
9b11091298b7 (Highlight Interactively): Include global-hi-lock-mode. Add miscellaneous
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 67462
diff changeset
719 (@code{hi-lock-write-interactive-patterns}), edit them, perhaps
9b11091298b7 (Highlight Interactively): Include global-hi-lock-mode. Add miscellaneous
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 67462
diff changeset
720 including different faces for different parenthesized parts of the
9b11091298b7 (Highlight Interactively): Include global-hi-lock-mode. Add miscellaneous
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 67462
diff changeset
721 match, and finally use this command
9b11091298b7 (Highlight Interactively): Include global-hi-lock-mode. Add miscellaneous
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 67462
diff changeset
722 (@code{hi-lock-write-interactive-patterns}) to have Hi Lock highlight
9b11091298b7 (Highlight Interactively): Include global-hi-lock-mode. Add miscellaneous
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 67462
diff changeset
723 them.
36554
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
724
71581
e0b0c80d7e1c (Auto Scrolling): New node, broken out of Scrolling.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70483
diff changeset
725 This command does nothing if the current major mode's symbol is a member
e0b0c80d7e1c (Auto Scrolling): New node, broken out of Scrolling.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70483
diff changeset
726 of the list @code{hi-lock-exclude-modes}.
36554
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
727 @end table
9904afd52408 (Faces, Font Lock, Highlight Changes)
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36263
diff changeset
728
45877
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
729 @node Fringes
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
730 @section Window Fringes
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
731 @cindex fringes
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
732
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
733 On a graphical display, each Emacs window normally has narrow
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
734 @dfn{fringes} on the left and right edges. The fringes display
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
735 indications about the text in the window.
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
736
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
737 The most common use of the fringes is to indicate a continuation
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
738 line, when one line of text is split into multiple lines on the
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
739 screen. The left fringe shows a curving arrow for each screen line
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
740 except the first, indicating that ``this is not the real beginning.''
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
741 The right fringe shows a curving arrow for each screen line except the
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
742 last, indicating that ``this is not the real end.''
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
743
45889
0d2a977d3d32 (Fringes): Fix a typo. Mention the fact that arrows on the fringes are
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 45883
diff changeset
744 The fringes indicate line truncation with short horizontal arrows
45877
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
745 meaning ``there's more text on this line which is scrolled
45889
0d2a977d3d32 (Fringes): Fix a typo. Mention the fact that arrows on the fringes are
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 45883
diff changeset
746 horizontally out of view;'' clicking the mouse on one of the arrows
0d2a977d3d32 (Fringes): Fix a typo. Mention the fact that arrows on the fringes are
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 45883
diff changeset
747 scrolls the display horizontally in the direction of the arrow. The
62417
6d49a2df78a7 Various minor changes.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 61411
diff changeset
748 fringes can also indicate other things, such as empty lines, or where a
45889
0d2a977d3d32 (Fringes): Fix a typo. Mention the fact that arrows on the fringes are
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 45883
diff changeset
749 program you are debugging is executing (@pxref{Debuggers}).
45877
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
750
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
751 @findex set-fringe-style
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
752 @findex fringe-mode
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
753 You can enable and disable the fringes for all frames using
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
754 @kbd{M-x fringe-mode}. To enable and disable the fringes
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
755 for the selected frame, use @kbd{M-x set-fringe-style}.
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
756
72556
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
757 @node Displaying Boundaries
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
758 @section Displaying Boundaries
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
759
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
760 @vindex indicate-buffer-boundaries
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
761 On a graphical display, Emacs can indicate the buffer boundaries in
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
762 the fringes. It indicates the first line and the last line with
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
763 angle images in the fringes. This can be combined with up and down
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
764 arrow images which say whether it is possible to scroll the window up
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
765 and down.
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
766
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
767 The buffer-local variable @code{indicate-buffer-boundaries} controls
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
768 how the buffer boundaries and window scrolling is indicated in the
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
769 fringes. If the value is @code{left} or @code{right}, both angle and
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
770 arrow bitmaps are displayed in the left or right fringe, respectively.
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
771
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
772 If value is an alist, each element @code{(@var{indicator} .
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
773 @var{position})} specifies the position of one of the indicators.
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
774 The @var{indicator} must be one of @code{top}, @code{bottom},
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
775 @code{up}, @code{down}, or @code{t} which specifies the default
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
776 position for the indicators not present in the alist.
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
777 The @var{position} is one of @code{left}, @code{right}, or @code{nil}
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
778 which specifies not to show this indicator.
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
779
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
780 For example, @code{((top . left) (t . right))} places the top angle
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
781 bitmap in left fringe, the bottom angle bitmap in right fringe, and
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
782 both arrow bitmaps in right fringe. To show just the angle bitmaps in
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
783 the left fringe, but no arrow bitmaps, use @code{((top . left)
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
784 (bottom . left))}.
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
785
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
786 @vindex default-indicate-buffer-boundaries
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
787 The value of the variable @code{default-indicate-buffer-boundaries}
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
788 is the default value for @code{indicate-buffer-boundaries} in buffers
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
789 that do not override it.
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
790
45877
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
791 @node Useless Whitespace
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
792 @section Useless Whitespace
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
793
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
794 @cindex trailing whitespace
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
795 @cindex whitespace, trailing
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
796 @vindex show-trailing-whitespace
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
797 It is easy to leave unnecessary spaces at the end of a line, or
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
798 empty lines at the end of a file, without realizing it. In most
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
799 cases, this @dfn{trailing whitespace} has no effect, but there are
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
800 special circumstances where it matters. It can also be a nuisance
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
801 that the line has ``changed,'' when the change is just spaces added or
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
802 removed at the end.
45877
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
803
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
804 You can make trailing whitespace at the end of a line visible on the
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
805 screen by setting the buffer-local variable
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
806 @code{show-trailing-whitespace} to @code{t}. Then Emacs displays
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
807 trailing whitespace in the face @code{trailing-whitespace}.
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
808
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
809 This feature does not apply when point is at the end of the line
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
810 containing the whitespace. Strictly speaking, that is ``trailing
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
811 whitespace'' nonetheless, but displaying it specially in that case
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
812 looks ugly while you are typing in new text. In this special case,
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
813 the location of point is enough to show you that the spaces are
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
814 present.
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
815
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
816 @findex delete-trailing-whitespace
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
817 To delete all trailing whitespace within the current buffer's
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
818 accessible portion (@pxref{Narrowing}), type @kbd{M-x
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
819 delete-trailing-whitespace @key{RET}}. (This command does not remove
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
820 the form-feed characters.)
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
821
61411
432f333b0501 (Useless Whitespace): `indicate-unused-lines' is now called
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 60988
diff changeset
822 @vindex indicate-empty-lines
45877
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
823 @vindex default-indicate-empty-lines
48534
4128ae2ce141 indicate-empty-lines => indicate-unused-lines, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 47071
diff changeset
824 @cindex unused lines
4128ae2ce141 indicate-empty-lines => indicate-unused-lines, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 47071
diff changeset
825 @cindex fringes, and unused line indication
4128ae2ce141 indicate-empty-lines => indicate-unused-lines, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 47071
diff changeset
826 Emacs can indicate unused lines at the end of the window with a
4128ae2ce141 indicate-empty-lines => indicate-unused-lines, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 47071
diff changeset
827 small image in the left fringe (@pxref{Fringes}). The image appears
4128ae2ce141 indicate-empty-lines => indicate-unused-lines, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 47071
diff changeset
828 for window lines that do not correspond to any buffer text. Blank
4128ae2ce141 indicate-empty-lines => indicate-unused-lines, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 47071
diff changeset
829 lines at the end of the buffer then stand out because they do not have
4128ae2ce141 indicate-empty-lines => indicate-unused-lines, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 47071
diff changeset
830 this image in the fringe.
4128ae2ce141 indicate-empty-lines => indicate-unused-lines, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 47071
diff changeset
831
4128ae2ce141 indicate-empty-lines => indicate-unused-lines, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 47071
diff changeset
832 To enable this feature, set the buffer-local variable
61411
432f333b0501 (Useless Whitespace): `indicate-unused-lines' is now called
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 60988
diff changeset
833 @code{indicate-empty-lines} to a non-@code{nil} value. The default
48534
4128ae2ce141 indicate-empty-lines => indicate-unused-lines, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 47071
diff changeset
834 value of this variable is controlled by the variable
61411
432f333b0501 (Useless Whitespace): `indicate-unused-lines' is now called
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 60988
diff changeset
835 @code{default-indicate-empty-lines}; by setting that variable, you
48534
4128ae2ce141 indicate-empty-lines => indicate-unused-lines, etc.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 47071
diff changeset
836 can enable or disable this feature for all new buffers. (This feature
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
837 currently doesn't work on text-only terminals.)
45877
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
838
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
839 @node Selective Display
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
840 @section Selective Display
36263
11db0318031d Remove redundant index entries.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36260
diff changeset
841 @cindex selective display
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
842 @findex set-selective-display
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
843 @kindex C-x $
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
844
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
845 Emacs has the ability to hide lines indented more than a certain number
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
846 of columns (you specify how many columns). You can use this to get an
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
847 overview of a part of a program.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
848
62417
6d49a2df78a7 Various minor changes.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 61411
diff changeset
849 To hide lines in the current buffer, type @kbd{C-x $}
6d49a2df78a7 Various minor changes.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 61411
diff changeset
850 (@code{set-selective-display}) with a numeric argument @var{n}. Then
6d49a2df78a7 Various minor changes.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 61411
diff changeset
851 lines with at least @var{n} columns of indentation disappear from the
6d49a2df78a7 Various minor changes.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 61411
diff changeset
852 screen. The only indication of their presence is that three dots
6d49a2df78a7 Various minor changes.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 61411
diff changeset
853 (@samp{@dots{}}) appear at the end of each visible line that is
6d49a2df78a7 Various minor changes.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 61411
diff changeset
854 followed by one or more hidden ones.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
855
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
856 The commands @kbd{C-n} and @kbd{C-p} move across the hidden lines as
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
857 if they were not there.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
858
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
859 The hidden lines are still present in the buffer, and most editing
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
860 commands see them as usual, so you may find point in the middle of the
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
861 hidden text. When this happens, the cursor appears at the end of the
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
862 previous line, after the three dots. If point is at the end of the
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
863 visible line, before the newline that ends it, the cursor appears before
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
864 the three dots.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
865
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
866 To make all lines visible again, type @kbd{C-x $} with no argument.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
867
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
868 @vindex selective-display-ellipses
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
869 If you set the variable @code{selective-display-ellipses} to
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
870 @code{nil}, the three dots do not appear at the end of a line that
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
871 precedes hidden lines. Then there is no visible indication of the
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
872 hidden lines. This variable becomes local automatically when set.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
873
60104
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
874 See also @ref{Outline Mode} for another way to hide part of
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
875 the text in a buffer.
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
876
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
877 @node Optional Mode Line
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
878 @section Optional Mode Line Features
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
879
52461
030d7903be24 (Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
880 @cindex buffer size display
030d7903be24 (Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
881 @cindex display of buffer size
030d7903be24 (Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
882 @findex size-indication-mode
030d7903be24 (Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
883 The buffer percentage @var{pos} indicates the percentage of the
030d7903be24 (Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
884 buffer above the top of the window. You can additionally display the
030d7903be24 (Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
885 size of the buffer by typing @kbd{M-x size-indication-mode} to turn on
030d7903be24 (Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
886 Size Indication mode. The size will be displayed immediately
030d7903be24 (Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
887 following the buffer percentage like this:
030d7903be24 (Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
888
030d7903be24 (Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
889 @example
030d7903be24 (Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
890 @var{POS} of @var{SIZE}
030d7903be24 (Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
891 @end example
030d7903be24 (Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
892
030d7903be24 (Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
893 @noindent
030d7903be24 (Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
894 Here @var{SIZE} is the human readable representation of the number of
030d7903be24 (Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
895 characters in the buffer, which means that @samp{k} for 10^3, @samp{M}
030d7903be24 (Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
896 for 10^6, @samp{G} for 10^9, etc., are used to abbreviate.
030d7903be24 (Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
897
030d7903be24 (Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
898 @cindex narrowing, and buffer size display
030d7903be24 (Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
899 If you have narrowed the buffer (@pxref{Narrowing}), the size of the
030d7903be24 (Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
900 accessible part of the buffer is shown.
030d7903be24 (Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
901
36150
46e59561af4c Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 35433
diff changeset
902 @cindex line number display
46e59561af4c Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 35433
diff changeset
903 @cindex display of line number
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
904 @findex line-number-mode
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
905 The current line number of point appears in the mode line when Line
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
906 Number mode is enabled. Use the command @kbd{M-x line-number-mode} to
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
907 turn this mode on and off; normally it is on. The line number appears
52461
030d7903be24 (Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
908 after the buffer percentage @var{pos}, with the letter @samp{L} to
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
909 indicate what it is. @xref{Minor Modes}, for more information about
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
910 minor modes and about how to use this command.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
911
38121
82d39521a482 (Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38115
diff changeset
912 @cindex narrowing, and line number display
82d39521a482 (Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38115
diff changeset
913 If you have narrowed the buffer (@pxref{Narrowing}), the displayed
82d39521a482 (Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38115
diff changeset
914 line number is relative to the accessible portion of the buffer.
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
915 Thus, it isn't suitable as an argument to @code{goto-line}. (Use
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
916 @code{what-line} command to see the line number relative to the whole
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
917 file.)
38121
82d39521a482 (Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38115
diff changeset
918
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
919 @vindex line-number-display-limit
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
920 If the buffer is very large (larger than the value of
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
921 @code{line-number-display-limit}), then the line number doesn't appear.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
922 Emacs doesn't compute the line number when the buffer is large, because
38121
82d39521a482 (Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38115
diff changeset
923 that would be too slow. Set it to @code{nil} to remove the limit.
82d39521a482 (Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38115
diff changeset
924
82d39521a482 (Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38115
diff changeset
925 @vindex line-number-display-limit-width
82d39521a482 (Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38115
diff changeset
926 Line-number computation can also be slow if the lines in the buffer
82d39521a482 (Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38115
diff changeset
927 are too long. For this reason, Emacs normally doesn't display line
82d39521a482 (Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38115
diff changeset
928 numbers if the average width, in characters, of lines near point is
82d39521a482 (Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38115
diff changeset
929 larger than the value of the variable
82d39521a482 (Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38115
diff changeset
930 @code{line-number-display-limit-width}. The default value is 200
82d39521a482 (Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38115
diff changeset
931 characters.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
932
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
933 @cindex Column Number mode
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
934 @cindex mode, Column Number
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
935 @findex column-number-mode
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
936 You can also display the current column number by turning on Column
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
937 Number mode. It displays the current column number preceded by the
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
938 letter @samp{C}. Type @kbd{M-x column-number-mode} to toggle this mode.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
939
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
940 @findex display-time
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
941 @cindex time (on mode line)
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
942 Emacs can optionally display the time and system load in all mode
30870
4f58e2bbcb08 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29841
diff changeset
943 lines. To enable this feature, type @kbd{M-x display-time} or customize
4f58e2bbcb08 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29841
diff changeset
944 the option @code{display-time-mode}. The information added to the mode
4f58e2bbcb08 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29841
diff changeset
945 line usually appears after the buffer name, before the mode names and
4f58e2bbcb08 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 29841
diff changeset
946 their parentheses. It looks like this:
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
947
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
948 @example
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
949 @var{hh}:@var{mm}pm @var{l.ll}
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
950 @end example
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
951
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
952 @noindent
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
953 @vindex display-time-24hr-format
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
954 Here @var{hh} and @var{mm} are the hour and minute, followed always by
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
955 @samp{am} or @samp{pm}. @var{l.ll} is the average number of running
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
956 processes in the whole system recently. (Some fields may be missing if
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
957 your operating system cannot support them.) If you prefer time display
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
958 in 24-hour format, set the variable @code{display-time-24hr-format}
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
959 to @code{t}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
960
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
961 @cindex mail (on mode line)
28800
d10b6cddbf91 display-time-use-mail-icon
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27219
diff changeset
962 @vindex display-time-use-mail-icon
d10b6cddbf91 display-time-use-mail-icon
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27219
diff changeset
963 @vindex display-time-mail-face
45877
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
964 @vindex display-time-mail-file
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
965 @vindex display-time-mail-directory
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
966 The word @samp{Mail} appears after the load level if there is mail
28800
d10b6cddbf91 display-time-use-mail-icon
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27219
diff changeset
967 for you that you have not read yet. On a graphical display you can use
d10b6cddbf91 display-time-use-mail-icon
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27219
diff changeset
968 an icon instead of @samp{Mail} by customizing
d10b6cddbf91 display-time-use-mail-icon
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27219
diff changeset
969 @code{display-time-use-mail-icon}; this may save some space on the mode
d10b6cddbf91 display-time-use-mail-icon
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27219
diff changeset
970 line. You can customize @code{display-time-mail-face} to make the mail
45877
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
971 indicator prominent. Use @code{display-time-mail-file} to specify
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
972 the mail file to check, or set @code{display-time-mail-directory}
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
973 to specify the directory to check for incoming mail (any nonempty regular
74f67ed375f0 Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43664
diff changeset
974 file in the directory is considered as ``newly arrived mail'').
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
975
39267
a8c0a02f6129 Spelling corrections.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 39162
diff changeset
976 @cindex mode line, 3D appearance
35433
1777865bdb98 (Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34749
diff changeset
977 @cindex attributes of mode line, changing
1777865bdb98 (Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34749
diff changeset
978 @cindex non-integral number of lines in a window
38115
c75a19b1930f Local rewrites. Describe basic no-argument C-v and M-v first,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38048
diff changeset
979 By default, the mode line is drawn on graphics displays with
c75a19b1930f Local rewrites. Describe basic no-argument C-v and M-v first,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38048
diff changeset
980 3D-style highlighting, like that of a button when it is not being
c75a19b1930f Local rewrites. Describe basic no-argument C-v and M-v first,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38048
diff changeset
981 pressed. If you don't like this effect, you can disable the 3D
c75a19b1930f Local rewrites. Describe basic no-argument C-v and M-v first,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38048
diff changeset
982 highlighting of the mode line, by customizing the attributes of the
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
983 @code{mode-line} face. @xref{Face Customization}.
35433
1777865bdb98 (Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34749
diff changeset
984
43260
59e700c2760c (Faces): Document the mode-line-inactive face.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 43101
diff changeset
985 @cindex non-selected windows, mode line appearance
43289
0c1cdf6e7ef1 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43283
diff changeset
986 By default, the mode line of nonselected windows is displayed in a
43283
1124d2e7429a mode-line-in-non-selected-windows is now a boolean.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 43260
diff changeset
987 different face, called @code{mode-line-inactive}. Only the selected
43289
0c1cdf6e7ef1 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43283
diff changeset
988 window is displayed in the @code{mode-line} face. This helps show
0c1cdf6e7ef1 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43283
diff changeset
989 which window is selected. When the minibuffer is selected, since
0c1cdf6e7ef1 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43283
diff changeset
990 it has no mode line, the window from which you activated the minibuffer
0c1cdf6e7ef1 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43283
diff changeset
991 has its mode line displayed using @code{mode-line}; as a result,
0c1cdf6e7ef1 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43283
diff changeset
992 ordinary entry to the minibuffer does not change any mode lines.
0c1cdf6e7ef1 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43283
diff changeset
993
0c1cdf6e7ef1 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43283
diff changeset
994 @vindex mode-line-in-non-selected-windows
0c1cdf6e7ef1 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43283
diff changeset
995 You can disable use of @code{mode-line-inactive} by setting variable
43283
1124d2e7429a mode-line-in-non-selected-windows is now a boolean.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 43260
diff changeset
996 @code{mode-line-in-non-selected-windows} to @code{nil}; then all mode
1124d2e7429a mode-line-in-non-selected-windows is now a boolean.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 43260
diff changeset
997 lines are displayed in the @code{mode-line} face.
43260
59e700c2760c (Faces): Document the mode-line-inactive face.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 43101
diff changeset
998
68455
2ccd995850e5 (Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68220
diff changeset
999 @vindex eol-mnemonic-unix
2ccd995850e5 (Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68220
diff changeset
1000 @vindex eol-mnemonic-dos
2ccd995850e5 (Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68220
diff changeset
1001 @vindex eol-mnemonic-mac
2ccd995850e5 (Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68220
diff changeset
1002 @vindex eol-mnemonic-undecided
2ccd995850e5 (Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68220
diff changeset
1003 You can customize the mode line display for each of the end-of-line
2ccd995850e5 (Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68220
diff changeset
1004 formats by setting each of the variables @code{eol-mnemonic-unix},
2ccd995850e5 (Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68220
diff changeset
1005 @code{eol-mnemonic-dos}, @code{eol-mnemonic-mac}, and
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1006 @code{eol-mnemonic-undecided} to the strings you prefer.
68455
2ccd995850e5 (Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68220
diff changeset
1007
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1008 @node Text Display
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1009 @section How Text Is Displayed
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1010 @cindex characters (in text)
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1011
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52461
diff changeset
1012 @acronym{ASCII} printing characters (octal codes 040 through 0176) in Emacs
38048
bd45e6c57fba Proofreading fixes from Danny Colascione <qtmstr@optonline.net>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37485
diff changeset
1013 buffers are displayed with their graphics, as are non-ASCII multibyte
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1014 printing characters (octal codes above 0400).
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1015
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52461
diff changeset
1016 Some @acronym{ASCII} control characters are displayed in special ways. The
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1017 newline character (octal code 012) is displayed by starting a new line.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1018 The tab character (octal code 011) is displayed by moving to the next
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1019 tab stop column (normally every 8 columns).
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1020
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52461
diff changeset
1021 Other @acronym{ASCII} control characters are normally displayed as a caret
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1022 (@samp{^}) followed by the non-control version of the character; thus,
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1023 control-A is displayed as @samp{^A}. The caret appears in face
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1024 @code{escape-glyph}.
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1025
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1026 Non-@acronym{ASCII} characters 0200 through 0237 (octal) are
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1027 displayed with octal escape sequences; thus, character code 0230
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1028 (octal) is displayed as @samp{\230}. The backslash appears in face
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1029 @code{escape-glyph}.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1030
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1031 @vindex ctl-arrow
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1032 If the variable @code{ctl-arrow} is @code{nil}, control characters in
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1033 the buffer are displayed with octal escape sequences, except for newline
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1034 and tab. Altering the value of @code{ctl-arrow} makes it local to the
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1035 current buffer; until that time, the default value is in effect. The
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1036 default is initially @code{t}.
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1037
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1038 The display of character codes 0240 through 0377 (octal) may be
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1039 either as escape sequences or as graphics. They do not normally occur
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1040 in multibyte buffers, but if they do, they are displayed as Latin-1
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1041 graphics. In unibyte mode, if you enable European display they are
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1042 displayed using their graphics (assuming your terminal supports them),
68714
55bc2caea3d5 (Text Display): Update xrefs.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 68639
diff changeset
1043 otherwise as escape sequences. @xref{Unibyte Mode}.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1044
63721
9bcd6144b097 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63649
diff changeset
1045 @vindex nobreak-char-display
63753
21f1853e2386 (Text Display): Change index entries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63722
diff changeset
1046 @cindex no-break space, display
21f1853e2386 (Text Display): Change index entries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63722
diff changeset
1047 @cindex no-break hyphen, display
21f1853e2386 (Text Display): Change index entries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63722
diff changeset
1048 @cindex soft hyphen, display
63721
9bcd6144b097 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63649
diff changeset
1049 Some character sets define ``no-break'' versions of the space and
9bcd6144b097 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63649
diff changeset
1050 hyphen characters, which are used where a line should not be broken.
9bcd6144b097 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63649
diff changeset
1051 Emacs normally displays these characters with special faces
9bcd6144b097 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63649
diff changeset
1052 (respectively, @code{nobreak-space} and @code{escape-glyph}) to
9bcd6144b097 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63649
diff changeset
1053 distinguish them from ordinary spaces and hyphens. You can turn off
9bcd6144b097 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63649
diff changeset
1054 this feature by setting the variable @code{nobreak-char-display} to
9bcd6144b097 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63649
diff changeset
1055 @code{nil}. If you set the variable to any other value, that means to
9bcd6144b097 (Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63649
diff changeset
1056 prefix these characters with an escape character.
60950
c7ee76ed1a51 (Text Display): Mention non-breaking spaces.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60857
diff changeset
1057
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1058 @vindex tab-width
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1059 @vindex default-tab-width
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1060 Normally, a tab character in the buffer is displayed as whitespace which
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1061 extends to the next display tab stop position, and display tab stops come
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1062 at intervals equal to eight spaces. The number of spaces per tab is
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1063 controlled by the variable @code{tab-width}, which is made local by
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1064 changing it. Note that how the tab character
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1065 in the buffer is displayed has nothing to do with the definition of
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1066 @key{TAB} as a command. The variable @code{tab-width} must have an
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1067 integer value between 1 and 1000, inclusive. The variable
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1068 @code{default-tab-width} controls the default value of this variable
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1069 for buffers where you have not set it locally.
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1070
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1071 You can customize the way any particular character code is displayed
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1072 by means of a display table. @xref{Display Tables,, Display Tables,
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1073 elisp, The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}.
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1074
60104
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1075 @node Cursor Display
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1076 @section Displaying the Cursor
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1077
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1078 @findex blink-cursor-mode
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1079 @vindex blink-cursor-alist
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1080 @cindex cursor, locating visually
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1081 @cindex cursor, blinking
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1082 You can customize the cursor's color, and whether it blinks, using
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1083 the @code{cursor} Custom group (@pxref{Easy Customization}). On
70357
03e273042b0d Say "graphical displays".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68841
diff changeset
1084 a graphical display, the command @kbd{M-x blink-cursor-mode} enables
60104
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1085 or disables the blinking of the cursor. (On text terminals, the
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1086 terminal itself blinks the cursor, and Emacs has no control over it.)
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1087 You can control how the cursor appears when it blinks off by setting
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1088 the variable @code{blink-cursor-alist}.
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1089
67937
cee5814efd02 (Displaying the Cursor): Mention visible-cursor.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 67771
diff changeset
1090 @vindex visible-cursor
cee5814efd02 (Displaying the Cursor): Mention visible-cursor.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 67771
diff changeset
1091 Some text terminals offer two different cursors: the normal cursor
cee5814efd02 (Displaying the Cursor): Mention visible-cursor.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 67771
diff changeset
1092 and the very visible cursor, where the latter may be e.g. bigger or
71581
e0b0c80d7e1c (Auto Scrolling): New node, broken out of Scrolling.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70483
diff changeset
1093 blinking. By default Emacs uses the very visible cursor, and switches
e0b0c80d7e1c (Auto Scrolling): New node, broken out of Scrolling.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70483
diff changeset
1094 to it when you start or resume Emacs. If the variable
e0b0c80d7e1c (Auto Scrolling): New node, broken out of Scrolling.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70483
diff changeset
1095 @code{visible-cursor} is @code{nil} when Emacs starts or resumes, it
e0b0c80d7e1c (Auto Scrolling): New node, broken out of Scrolling.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70483
diff changeset
1096 doesn't switch, so it uses the normal cursor.
67937
cee5814efd02 (Displaying the Cursor): Mention visible-cursor.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 67771
diff changeset
1097
60104
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1098 @cindex cursor in non-selected windows
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1099 @vindex cursor-in-non-selected-windows
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1100 Normally, the cursor appears in non-selected windows in the ``off''
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1101 state, with the same appearance as when the blinking cursor blinks
72101
c7e4f78b81a6 Move periods and commas inside quotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 71581
diff changeset
1102 ``off.'' For a box cursor, this is a hollow box; for a bar cursor,
60104
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1103 this is a thinner bar. To turn off cursors in non-selected windows,
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1104 customize the variable @code{cursor-in-non-selected-windows} and assign
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1105 it a @code{nil} value.
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1106
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1107 @vindex x-stretch-cursor
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1108 @cindex wide block cursor
70357
03e273042b0d Say "graphical displays".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68841
diff changeset
1109 On graphical displays, Emacs can optionally draw the block cursor
60104
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1110 as wide as the character under the cursor---for example, if the cursor
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1111 is on a tab character, it would cover the full width occupied by that
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1112 tab character. To enable this feature, set the variable
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1113 @code{x-stretch-cursor} to a non-@code{nil} value.
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1114
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1115 @findex hl-line-mode
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1116 @findex global-hl-line-mode
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1117 @cindex highlight current line
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1118 To make the cursor even more visible, you can use HL Line mode, a
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1119 minor mode that highlights the line containing point. Use @kbd{M-x
60104
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1120 hl-line-mode} to enable or disable it in the current buffer. @kbd{M-x
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1121 global-hl-line-mode} enables or disables the same mode globally.
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1122
72556
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1123 @node Line Truncation
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1124 @section Truncation of Lines
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1125
60104
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1126 @cindex truncation
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1127 @cindex line truncation, and fringes
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1128 As an alternative to continuation, Emacs can display long lines by
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1129 @dfn{truncation}. This means that all the characters that do not fit
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1130 in the width of the screen or window do not appear at all. On
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1131 graphical displays, a small straight arrow in the fringe indicates
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1132 truncation at either end of the line. On text-only terminals, @samp{$}
60104
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1133 appears in the first column when there is text truncated to the left,
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1134 and in the last column when there is text truncated to the right.
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1135
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1136 @vindex truncate-lines
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1137 @findex toggle-truncate-lines
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1138 Horizontal scrolling automatically causes line truncation
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1139 (@pxref{Horizontal Scrolling}). You can explicitly enable line
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1140 truncation for a particular buffer with the command @kbd{M-x
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1141 toggle-truncate-lines}. This works by locally changing the variable
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1142 @code{truncate-lines}. If that variable is non-@code{nil}, long lines
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1143 are truncated; if it is @code{nil}, they are continued onto multiple
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1144 screen lines. Setting the variable @code{truncate-lines} in any way
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1145 makes it local to the current buffer; until that time, the default
8116a5e9f2a1 (Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59796
diff changeset
1146 value is in effect. The default value is normally @code{nil}.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1147
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1148 @c @vindex truncate-partial-width-windows @c Idx entry is in Split Windows.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1149 If the variable @code{truncate-partial-width-windows} is
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1150 non-@code{nil}, it forces truncation rather than continuation in any
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1151 window less than the full width of the screen or frame, regardless of
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1152 the value of @code{truncate-lines}. For information about side-by-side
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1153 windows, see @ref{Split Window}. See also @ref{Display,, Display,
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1154 elisp, The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1155
57194
4871edb9e1d3 (Display Custom): Add `overflow-newline-into-fringe',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 56779
diff changeset
1156 @vindex overflow-newline-into-fringe
4871edb9e1d3 (Display Custom): Add `overflow-newline-into-fringe',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 56779
diff changeset
1157 If the variable @code{overflow-newline-into-fringe} is
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1158 non-@code{nil} on a graphical display, then Emacs does not continue or
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1159 truncate a line which is exactly as wide as the window. Instead, the
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1160 newline overflows into the right fringe, and the cursor appears in the
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1161 fringe when positioned on that newline.
57194
4871edb9e1d3 (Display Custom): Add `overflow-newline-into-fringe',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 56779
diff changeset
1162
72556
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1163 @node Display Custom
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1164 @section Customization of Display
57194
4871edb9e1d3 (Display Custom): Add `overflow-newline-into-fringe',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 56779
diff changeset
1165
72556
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1166 This section describes variables (@pxref{Variables}) that you can
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1167 change to customize how Emacs displays. Beginning users can skip
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1168 it.
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1169 @c the reason for that pxref is because an xref early in the
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1170 @c ``echo area'' section leads here.
57194
4871edb9e1d3 (Display Custom): Add `overflow-newline-into-fringe',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 56779
diff changeset
1171
72556
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1172 @vindex inverse-video
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1173 If the variable @code{inverse-video} is non-@code{nil}, Emacs attempts
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1174 to invert all the lines of the display from what they normally are.
57251
f4a2067d260e (Display Custom) <indicate-buffer-boundaries>:
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 57200
diff changeset
1175
72556
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1176 @vindex visible-bell
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1177 If the variable @code{visible-bell} is non-@code{nil}, Emacs attempts
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1178 to make the whole screen blink when it would normally make an audible bell
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1179 sound. This variable has no effect if your terminal does not have a way
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1180 to make the screen blink.
57194
4871edb9e1d3 (Display Custom): Add `overflow-newline-into-fringe',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 56779
diff changeset
1181
72556
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1182 @vindex echo-keystrokes
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1183 The variable @code{echo-keystrokes} controls the echoing of multi-character
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1184 keys; its value is the number of seconds of pause required to cause echoing
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1185 to start, or zero, meaning don't echo at all. The value takes effect when
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1186 there is someting to echo. @xref{Echo Area}.
57194
4871edb9e1d3 (Display Custom): Add `overflow-newline-into-fringe',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 56779
diff changeset
1187
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1188 @vindex baud-rate
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1189 The variable @anchor{baud-rate}@code{baud-rate} holds the output
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1190 speed of the terminal, as far as Emacs knows. Setting this variable
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1191 does not change the speed of actual data transmission, but the value
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1192 is used for calculations. On text-only terminals, it affects padding,
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1193 and decisions about whether to scroll part of the screen or redraw it
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1194 instead. It also affects the behavior of incremental search.
32624
cc6228b81571 (Display Vars): Fix description of the role of
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 31188
diff changeset
1195
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1196 On graphical displays, @code{baud-rate} is only used to determine
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1197 how frequently to look for pending input during display updating. A
36150
46e59561af4c Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 35433
diff changeset
1198 higher value of @code{baud-rate} means that check for pending input
46e59561af4c Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 35433
diff changeset
1199 will be done less frequently.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1200
36260
0d7feed66bac busy-cursor -> hourglass.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36246
diff changeset
1201 @cindex hourglass pointer display
0d7feed66bac busy-cursor -> hourglass.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36246
diff changeset
1202 @vindex hourglass-delay
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1203 On graphical display, Emacs can optionally display the mouse pointer
36156
3a9de976b35c Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36151
diff changeset
1204 in a special shape to say that Emacs is busy. To turn this feature on
3a9de976b35c Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36151
diff changeset
1205 or off, customize the group @code{cursor}. You can also control the
3a9de976b35c Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36151
diff changeset
1206 amount of time Emacs must remain busy before the busy indicator is
36260
0d7feed66bac busy-cursor -> hourglass.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36246
diff changeset
1207 displayed, by setting the variable @code{hourglass-delay}.
36156
3a9de976b35c Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36151
diff changeset
1208
72556
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1209 @vindex overline-margin
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1210 On graphical display, this variables specifies the vertical position
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1211 of an overline above the text, including the height of the overline
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1212 itself (1 pixel). The default value is 2 pixels.
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1213
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1214 @vindex x-underline-at-descent-line
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1215 On graphical display, Emacs normally draws an underline at the
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1216 baseline level of the font. If @code{x-underline-at-descent-line} is
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1217 non-@code{nil}, Emacs draws the underline at the same height as the
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1218 font's descent line.
bb3f9c6499b6 (Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72526
diff changeset
1219
39162
af44a4698df4 Describe tty-suppress-bold-inverse-default-colors.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38939
diff changeset
1220 @findex tty-suppress-bold-inverse-default-colors
af44a4698df4 Describe tty-suppress-bold-inverse-default-colors.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38939
diff changeset
1221 On some text-only terminals, bold face and inverse video together
af44a4698df4 Describe tty-suppress-bold-inverse-default-colors.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38939
diff changeset
1222 result in text that is hard to read. Call the function
af44a4698df4 Describe tty-suppress-bold-inverse-default-colors.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38939
diff changeset
1223 @code{tty-suppress-bold-inverse-default-colors} with a non-@code{nil}
af44a4698df4 Describe tty-suppress-bold-inverse-default-colors.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38939
diff changeset
1224 argument to suppress the effect of bold-face in this case.
af44a4698df4 Describe tty-suppress-bold-inverse-default-colors.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38939
diff changeset
1225
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1226 @vindex no-redraw-on-reenter
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1227 On a text-only terminal, when you reenter Emacs after suspending, Emacs
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1228 normally clears the screen and redraws the entire display. On some
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1229 terminals with more than one page of memory, it is possible to arrange
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1230 the termcap entry so that the @samp{ti} and @samp{te} strings (output
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1231 to the terminal when Emacs is entered and exited, respectively) switch
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1232 between pages of memory so as to use one page for Emacs and another
71581
e0b0c80d7e1c (Auto Scrolling): New node, broken out of Scrolling.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70483
diff changeset
1233 page for other output. On such terminals, you might want to set the variable
68516
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1234 @code{no-redraw-on-reenter} non-@code{nil}; this tells Emacs to
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1235 assume, when resumed, that the screen page it is using still contains
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1236 what Emacs last wrote there.
9141c59ac209 Minor clarifications.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68455
diff changeset
1237
52401
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 51810
diff changeset
1238 @ignore
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 51810
diff changeset
1239 arch-tag: 2219f910-2ff0-4521-b059-1bd231a536c4
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 51810
diff changeset
1240 @end ignore