annotate man/glossary.texi @ 77014:7f75e6af1a34

(ffap-file-at-point): Lower the priority of the ffap-ftp-sans-slash-regexp check.
author Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
date Sat, 07 Apr 2007 02:58:53 +0000
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1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual.
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2 @c Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, 2001, 2002,
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3 @c 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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4 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions.
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5 @node Glossary, Key Index, Intro, Top
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6 @unnumbered Glossary
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7
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8 @table @asis
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9 @item Abbrev
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10 An abbrev is a text string which expands into a different text string
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11 when present in the buffer. For example, you might define a few letters
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12 as an abbrev for a long phrase that you want to insert frequently.
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13 @xref{Abbrevs}.
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14
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15 @item Aborting
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16 Aborting means getting out of a recursive edit (q.v.@:). The
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17 commands @kbd{C-]} and @kbd{M-x top-level} are used for this.
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18 @xref{Quitting}.
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19
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20 @item Alt
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21 Alt is the name of a modifier bit which a keyboard input character may
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22 have. To make a character Alt, type it while holding down the @key{ALT}
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23 key. Such characters are given names that start with @kbd{Alt-}
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24 (usually written @kbd{A-} for short). (Note that many terminals have a
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25 key labeled @key{ALT} which is really a @key{META} key.) @xref{User
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26 Input, Alt}.
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27
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28 @item Argument
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29 See `numeric argument.'
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30
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31 @item @acronym{ASCII} character
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32 An @acronym{ASCII} character is either an @acronym{ASCII} control character or an @acronym{ASCII}
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33 printing character. @xref{User Input}.
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34
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35 @item @acronym{ASCII} control character
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36 An @acronym{ASCII} control character is the Control version of an upper-case
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37 letter, or the Control version of one of the characters @samp{@@[\]^_?}.
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38
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39 @item @acronym{ASCII} printing character
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40 @acronym{ASCII} printing characters include letters, digits, space, and these
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41 punctuation characters: @samp{!@@#$%^& *()_-+=|\~` @{@}[]:;"' <>,.?/}.
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42
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43 @item Auto Fill Mode
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44 Auto Fill mode is a minor mode in which text that you insert is
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45 automatically broken into lines of a given maximum width.
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46 @xref{Filling}.
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47
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48 @item Auto Saving
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49 Auto saving is the practice of saving the contents of an Emacs buffer in
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50 a specially-named file, so that the information will not be lost if the
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51 buffer is lost due to a system error or user error. @xref{Auto Save}.
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52
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53 @item Autoloading
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54 Emacs automatically loads Lisp libraries when a Lisp program requests a
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55 function or a variable from those libraries. This is called
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56 `autoloading'. @xref{Lisp Libraries}.
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57
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58 @item Backtrace
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59 A backtrace is a trace of a series of function calls showing how a
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60 program arrived to a certain point. It is used mainly for finding and
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61 correcting bugs (q.v.@:). Emacs can display a backtrace when it signals
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62 an error or when you type @kbd{C-g} (see `quitting'). @xref{Checklist}.
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63
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64 @item Backup File
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65 A backup file records the contents that a file had before the current
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66 editing session. Emacs makes backup files automatically to help you
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67 track down or cancel changes you later regret making. @xref{Backup}.
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68
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69 @item Balancing Parentheses
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70 Emacs can balance parentheses (or other matching delimiters) either
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71 manually or automatically. You do manual balancing with the commands
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72 to move over parenthetical groupings (@pxref{Moving by Parens}).
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73 Automatic balancing works by blinking or highlighting the delimiter
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74 that matches the one you just inserted (@pxref{Matching,,Matching
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75 Parens}).
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76
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77 @item Balanced Expressions
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78 A balanced expression is a syntactically recognizable expression, such
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79 as a symbol, number, string constant, block, or parenthesized expression
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80 in C. @xref{Expressions,Balanced Expressions}.
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81
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82 @item Balloon Help
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83 See `tooltips.'
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84
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85 @item Base Buffer
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86 A base buffer is a buffer whose text is shared by an indirect buffer
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87 (q.v.@:).
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88
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89 @item Bind
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90 To bind a key sequence means to give it a binding (q.v.@:).
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91 @xref{Rebinding}.
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92
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93 @item Binding
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94 A key sequence gets its meaning in Emacs by having a binding, which is a
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95 command (q.v.@:), a Lisp function that is run when the user types that
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96 sequence. @xref{Commands,Binding}. Customization often involves
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97 rebinding a character to a different command function. The bindings of
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98 all key sequences are recorded in the keymaps (q.v.@:). @xref{Keymaps}.
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99
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100 @item Blank Lines
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101 Blank lines are lines that contain only whitespace. Emacs has several
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102 commands for operating on the blank lines in the buffer.
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103
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104 @item Bookmark
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105 Bookmarks are akin to registers (q.v.@:) in that they record positions
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106 in buffers to which you can return later. Unlike registers, bookmarks
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107 persist between Emacs sessions.
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108
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109 @item Border
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110 A border is a thin space along the edge of the frame, used just for
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111 spacing, not for displaying anything. An Emacs frame has an ordinary
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112 external border, outside of everything including the menu bar, plus an
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113 internal border that surrounds the text windows and their scroll bars
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114 and separates them from the menu bar and tool bar. You can customize
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115 both borders with options and resources (@pxref{Borders X}). Borders
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116 are not the same as fringes (q.v.@:).
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117
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118 @item Buffer
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119 The buffer is the basic editing unit; one buffer corresponds to one text
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120 being edited. You can have several buffers, but at any time you are
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121 editing only one, the `current buffer,' though several can be visible
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122 when you are using multiple windows (q.v.@:). Most buffers are visiting
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123 (q.v.@:) some file. @xref{Buffers}.
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124
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125 @item Buffer Selection History
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126 Emacs keeps a buffer selection history which records how recently each
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127 Emacs buffer has been selected. This is used for choosing a buffer to
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128 select. @xref{Buffers}.
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129
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130 @item Bug
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131 A bug is an incorrect or unreasonable behavior of a program, or
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132 inaccurate or confusing documentation. Emacs developers treat bug
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133 reports, both in Emacs code and its documentation, very seriously and
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134 ask you to report any bugs you find. @xref{Bugs}.
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135
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136 @item Button Down Event
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137 A button down event is the kind of input event generated right away when
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138 you press down on a mouse button. @xref{Mouse Buttons}.
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139
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140 @item By Default
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141 See `default.'
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142
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143 @item Byte Compilation
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144 See `compilation.'
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145
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146 @item @kbd{C-}
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147 @kbd{C-} in the name of a character is an abbreviation for Control.
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148 @xref{User Input,C-}.
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149
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150 @item @kbd{C-M-}
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151 @kbd{C-M-} in the name of a character is an abbreviation for
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152 Control-Meta. @xref{User Input,C-M-}.
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153
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154 @item Case Conversion
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155 Case conversion means changing text from upper case to lower case or
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156 vice versa. @xref{Case}, for the commands for case conversion.
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157
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158 @item Character
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159 Characters form the contents of an Emacs buffer; see @ref{Text
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160 Characters}. Also, key sequences (q.v.@:) are usually made up of
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161 characters (though they may include other input events as well).
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162 @xref{User Input}.
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163
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164 @item Character Set
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165 Emacs supports a number of character sets, each of which represents a
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166 particular alphabet or script. @xref{International}.
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167
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168 @item Character Terminal
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169 See `text-only terminal.'
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170
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171 @item Click Event
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172 A click event is the kind of input event generated when you press a
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173 mouse button and release it without moving the mouse. @xref{Mouse Buttons}.
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174
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175 @item Clipboard
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176 A clipboard is a buffer provided by the window system for transferring
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177 text between applications. On the X Window system, the clipboard is
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178 provided in addition to the primary selection (q.v.@:); on MS-Windows and Mac,
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179 the clipboard is used @emph{instead} of the primary selection.
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180 @xref{Clipboard}.
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181
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182 @item Coding System
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183 A coding system is an encoding for representing text characters in a
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184 file or in a stream of information. Emacs has the ability to convert
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185 text to or from a variety of coding systems when reading or writing it.
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186 @xref{Coding Systems}.
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187
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188 @item Command
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189 A command is a Lisp function specially defined to be able to serve as a
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190 key binding in Emacs. When you type a key sequence (q.v.@:), its
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191 binding (q.v.@:) is looked up in the relevant keymaps (q.v.@:) to find
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192 the command to run. @xref{Commands}.
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193
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194 @item Command History
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195 See `minibuffer history.'
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196
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197 @item Command Name
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198 A command name is the name of a Lisp symbol which is a command
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199 (@pxref{Commands}). You can invoke any command by its name using
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200 @kbd{M-x} (@pxref{M-x,M-x,Running Commands by Name}).
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201
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202 @item Comment
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203 A comment is text in a program which is intended only for humans reading
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204 the program, and which is marked specially so that it will be ignored
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205 when the program is loaded or compiled. Emacs offers special commands
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206 for creating, aligning and killing comments. @xref{Comments}.
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207
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208 @item Common Lisp
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209 Common Lisp is a dialect of Lisp (q.v.@:) much larger and more powerful
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210 than Emacs Lisp. Emacs provides a subset of Common Lisp in the CL
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211 package. @xref{Top, Common Lisp, Overview, cl, Common Lisp Extensions}.
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212
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213 @item Compilation
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214 Compilation is the process of creating an executable program from source
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215 code. Emacs has commands for compiling files of Emacs Lisp code
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216 (@pxref{Byte Compilation,,, elisp, the Emacs Lisp
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217 Reference Manual}) and programs in C and other languages
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218 (@pxref{Compilation}).
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219
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220 @item Complete Key
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221 A complete key is a key sequence which fully specifies one action to be
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222 performed by Emacs. For example, @kbd{X} and @kbd{C-f} and @kbd{C-x m}
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223 are complete keys. Complete keys derive their meanings from being bound
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224 (q.v.@:) to commands (q.v.@:). Thus, @kbd{X} is conventionally bound to
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225 a command to insert @samp{X} in the buffer; @kbd{C-x m} is
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226 conventionally bound to a command to begin composing a mail message.
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227 @xref{Keys}.
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228
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229 @item Completion
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230 Completion is what Emacs does when it automatically fills out an
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231 abbreviation for a name into the entire name. Completion is done for
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232 minibuffer (q.v.@:) arguments when the set of possible valid inputs
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233 is known; for example, on command names, buffer names, and
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234 file names. Completion occurs when @key{TAB}, @key{SPC} or @key{RET}
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235 is typed. @xref{Completion}.@refill
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236
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237 @item Continuation Line
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238 When a line of text is longer than the width of the window, it
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239 takes up more than one screen line when displayed. We say that the
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240 text line is continued, and all screen lines used for it after the
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241 first are called continuation lines. @xref{Continuation Lines}.
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242 A related Emacs feature is `filling' (q.v.@:).
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243
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244 @item Control Character
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245 A control character is a character that you type by holding down the
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246 @key{CTRL} key. Some control characters also have their own keys, so
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247 that you can type them without using @key{CTRL}. For example,
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248 @key{RET}, @key{TAB}, @key{ESC} and @key{DEL} are all control
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249 characters. @xref{User Input}.
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250
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251 @item Copyleft
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252 A copyleft is a notice giving the public legal permission to
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253 redistribute and modify a program or other work of art, but requiring
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254 modified versions to carry similar permission. Copyright is normally
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255 used to keep users divided and helpless; with copyleft we turn that
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256 around to empower users and encourage them to cooperate.
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257
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258 The particular form of copyleft used by the GNU project is called the
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259 GNU General Public License. @xref{Copying}.
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260
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261 @item @key{CTRL}
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262 The @key{CTRL} or ``control'' key is what you hold down
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263 in order to enter a control character (q.v.).
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264
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265 @item Current Buffer
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266 The current buffer in Emacs is the Emacs buffer on which most editing
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267 commands operate. You can select any Emacs buffer as the current one.
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268 @xref{Buffers}.
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269
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270 @item Current Line
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271 The current line is the line that point is on (@pxref{Point}).
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272
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273 @item Current Paragraph
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274 The current paragraph is the paragraph that point is in. If point is
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275 between two paragraphs, the current paragraph is the one that follows
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276 point. @xref{Paragraphs}.
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277
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278 @item Current Defun
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279 The current defun is the defun (q.v.@:) that point is in. If point is
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280 between defuns, the current defun is the one that follows point.
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281 @xref{Defuns}.
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282
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283 @item Cursor
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284 The cursor is the rectangle on the screen which indicates the position
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285 called point (q.v.@:) at which insertion and deletion takes place.
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286 The cursor is on or under the character that follows point. Often
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287 people speak of `the cursor' when, strictly speaking, they mean
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288 `point.' @xref{Point,Cursor}.
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289
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290 @item Customization
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291 Customization is making minor changes in the way Emacs works. It is
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292 often done by setting variables (@pxref{Variables}) or faces
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293 (@pxref{Face Customization}), or by rebinding key sequences
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294 (@pxref{Keymaps}).
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295
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296 @cindex cut and paste
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297 @item Cut and Paste
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298 See `killing' and `yanking.'
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299
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300 @item Default Argument
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301 The default for an argument is the value that will be assumed if you
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302 do not specify one. When the minibuffer is used to read an argument,
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303 the default argument is used if you just type @key{RET}.
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304 @xref{Minibuffer}.
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305
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306 @item Default
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307 A default is the value that is used for a certain purpose if and when
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308 you do not specify a value to use.
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309
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310 @item Default Directory
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311 When you specify a file name that does not start with @samp{/} or @samp{~},
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312 it is interpreted relative to the current buffer's default directory.
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313 (On MS-Windows and MS-DOS, file names which start with a drive letter
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314 @samp{@var{x}:} are treated as absolute, not relative.)
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315 @xref{Minibuffer File,Default Directory}.
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316
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317 @item Defun
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318 A defun is a major definition at the top level in a program. The name
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319 `defun' comes from Lisp, where most such definitions use the construct
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320 @code{defun}. @xref{Defuns}.
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321
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322 @item @key{DEL}
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323 @key{DEL} is a character that runs the command to delete one character
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324 of text before the cursor. It is typically either the @key{DELETE}
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325 key or the @key{BACKSPACE} key, whichever one is easy to type.
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326 @xref{Erasing,DEL}.
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327
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328 @item Deletion
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329 Deletion means erasing text without copying it into the kill ring
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330 (q.v.@:). The alternative is killing (q.v.@:). @xref{Killing,Deletion}.
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331
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332 @item Deletion of Files
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333 Deleting a file means erasing it from the file system.
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334 @xref{Misc File Ops,Misc File Ops,Miscellaneous File Operations}.
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335
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336 @item Deletion of Messages
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337 Deleting a message means flagging it to be eliminated from your mail
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338 file. Until you expunge (q.v.@:) the Rmail file, you can still undelete
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339 the messages you have deleted. @xref{Rmail Deletion}.
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340
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341 @item Deletion of Windows
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342 Deleting a window means eliminating it from the screen. Other windows
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343 expand to use up the space. The deleted window can never come back,
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344 but no actual text is thereby lost. @xref{Windows}.
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345
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346 @item Directory
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347 File directories are named collections in the file system, within which
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348 you can place individual files or subdirectories. @xref{Directories}.
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349
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350 @item Dired
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351 Dired is the Emacs facility that displays the contents of a file
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352 directory and allows you to ``edit the directory,'' performing
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353 operations on the files in the directory. @xref{Dired}.
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354
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355 @item Disabled Command
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356 A disabled command is one that you may not run without special
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357 confirmation. The usual reason for disabling a command is that it is
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358 confusing for beginning users. @xref{Disabling}.
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359
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360 @item Down Event
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361 Short for `button down event' (q.v.@:).
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362
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363 @item Drag Event
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364 A drag event is the kind of input event generated when you press a mouse
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365 button, move the mouse, and then release the button. @xref{Mouse
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366 Buttons}.
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367
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368 @item Dribble File
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369 A dribble file is a file into which Emacs writes all the characters that
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370 you type on the keyboard. Dribble files are used to make a record
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371 for debugging Emacs bugs. Emacs does not make a dribble file unless you
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372 tell it to. @xref{Bugs}.
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373
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374 @item Echo Area
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375 The echo area is the bottom line of the screen, used for echoing the
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376 arguments to commands, for asking questions, and showing brief messages
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377 (including error messages). The messages are stored in the buffer
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378 @samp{*Messages*} so you can review them later. @xref{Echo Area}.
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379
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380 @item Echoing
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381 Echoing is acknowledging the receipt of input events by displaying
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382 them (in the echo area). Emacs never echoes single-character key
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
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383 sequences; longer key sequences echo only if you pause while typing
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384 them.
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385
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386 @item Electric
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387 We say that a character is electric if it is normally self-inserting
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388 (q.v.@:), but the current major mode (q.v.@:) redefines it to do something
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389 else as well. For example, some programming language major modes define
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390 particular delimiter characters to reindent the line or insert one or
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391 more newlines in addition to self-insertion.
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392
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393 @item End Of Line
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394 End of line is a character or a sequence of characters that indicate
5464ee1ba8e2 Minor cleanups.
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395 the end of a text line. On GNU and Unix systems, this is a newline
5464ee1ba8e2 Minor cleanups.
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396 (q.v.@:), but other systems have other conventions. @xref{Coding
5464ee1ba8e2 Minor cleanups.
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397 Systems,end-of-line}. Emacs can recognize several end-of-line
5464ee1ba8e2 Minor cleanups.
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398 conventions in files and convert between them.
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399
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
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400 @item Environment Variable
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
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parents: 36210
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401 An environment variable is one of a collection of variables stored by
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
402 the operating system, each one having a name and a value. Emacs can
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
403 access environment variables set by its parent shell, and it can set
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
404 variables in the environment it passes to programs it invokes.
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
405 @xref{Environment}.
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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406
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
407 @item EOL
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
408 See `end of line.'
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
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409
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410 @item Error
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411 An error occurs when an Emacs command cannot execute in the current
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diff changeset
412 circumstances. When an error occurs, execution of the command stops
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413 (unless the command has been programmed to do otherwise) and Emacs
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414 reports the error by displaying an error message (q.v.@:). Type-ahead
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415 is discarded. Then Emacs is ready to read another editing command.
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416
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diff changeset
417 @item Error Message
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418 An error message is a single line of output displayed by Emacs when the
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419 user asks for something impossible to do (such as, killing text
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420 forward when point is at the end of the buffer). They appear in the
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diff changeset
421 echo area, accompanied by a beep.
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422
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diff changeset
423 @item @key{ESC}
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diff changeset
424 @key{ESC} is a character used as a prefix for typing Meta characters on
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
425 keyboards lacking a @key{META} key. Unlike the @key{META} key (which,
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
426 like the @key{SHIFT} key, is held down while another character is
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
427 typed), you press the @key{ESC} key as you would press a letter key, and
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
428 it applies to the next character you type.
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diff changeset
429
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diff changeset
430 @item Expression
4ad633feb6bf Add Balanced Expressions.
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diff changeset
431 See `balanced expression.'
4ad633feb6bf Add Balanced Expressions.
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parents: 37845
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432
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433 @item Expunging
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
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434 Expunging an Rmail file or Dired buffer or a Gnus newsgroup buffer is an
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
435 operation that truly discards the messages or files you have previously
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
436 flagged for deletion.
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
437
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
438 @item Face
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
439 A face is a style of displaying characters. It specifies attributes
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
440 such as font family and size, foreground and background colors,
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
441 underline and strike-through, background stipple, etc. Emacs provides
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
442 features to associate specific faces with portions of buffer text, in
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
443 order to display that text as specified by the face attributes.
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61196709b8e6 (Glossary) <Faces>: Add xref.
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diff changeset
444 @xref{Faces}.
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445
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446 @item File Locking
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diff changeset
447 Emacs uses file locking to notice when two different users
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448 start to edit one file at the same time. @xref{Interlocking}.
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449
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450 @item File Name
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451 A file name is a name that refers to a file. File names may be relative
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diff changeset
452 or absolute; the meaning of a relative file name depends on the current
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453 directory, but an absolute file name refers to the same file regardless
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454 of which directory is current. On GNU and Unix systems, an absolute
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diff changeset
455 file name starts with a slash (the root directory) or with @samp{~/} or
73946
fc54af724e3c Fix typos.
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parents: 72101
diff changeset
456 @samp{~@var{user}/} (a home directory). On MS-Windows/MS-DOS, an
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
457 absolute file name can also start with a drive letter and a colon
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
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diff changeset
458 @samp{@var{d}:}.
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459
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
460 Some people use the term ``pathname'' for file names, but we do not;
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
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diff changeset
461 we use the word ``path'' only in the term ``search path'' (q.v.@:).
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462
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diff changeset
463 @item File-Name Component
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diff changeset
464 A file-name component names a file directly within a particular
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
465 directory. On GNU and Unix systems, a file name is a sequence of
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
466 file-name components, separated by slashes. For example, @file{foo/bar}
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diff changeset
467 is a file name containing two components, @samp{foo} and @samp{bar}; it
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diff changeset
468 refers to the file named @samp{bar} in the directory named @samp{foo} in
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
469 the current directory. MS-DOS/MS-Windows file names can also use
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
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diff changeset
470 backslashes to separate components, as in @file{foo\bar}.
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471
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472 @item Fill Prefix
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473 The fill prefix is a string that should be expected at the beginning
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diff changeset
474 of each line when filling is done. It is not regarded as part of the
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
475 text to be filled. @xref{Filling}.
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diff changeset
476
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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477 @item Filling
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478 Filling text means shifting text between consecutive lines so that all
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
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diff changeset
479 the lines are approximately the same length. @xref{Filling}. Some
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
480 other editors call this feature `line wrapping.'
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
481
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
482 @item Font Lock
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
483 Font Lock is a mode that highlights parts of buffer text according to
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
484 its syntax. @xref{Font Lock}.
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
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parents: 36210
diff changeset
485
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
486 @item Fontset
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
487 A fontset is a named collection of fonts. A fontset specification lists
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
488 character sets and which font to use to display each of them. Fontsets
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
489 make it easy to change several fonts at once by specifying the name of a
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
490 fontset, rather than changing each font separately. @xref{Fontsets}.
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diff changeset
491
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
492 @item Formatted Text
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diff changeset
493 Formatted text is text that displays with formatting information while
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
494 you edit. Formatting information includes fonts, colors, and specified
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parents:
diff changeset
495 margins. @xref{Formatted Text}.
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parents:
diff changeset
496
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diff changeset
497 @item Formfeed Character
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
498 See `page.'
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
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diff changeset
499
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500 @item Frame
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501 A frame is a rectangular cluster of Emacs windows. Emacs starts out
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parents:
diff changeset
502 with one frame, but you can create more. You can subdivide each frame
60428
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
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parents: 59799
diff changeset
503 into Emacs windows (q.v.@:). When you are using a window system
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
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parents: 59799
diff changeset
504 (q.v.@:), all the frames can be visible at the same time.
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
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parents: 59799
diff changeset
505 @xref{Frames}. Some other editors use the term ``window'' for this,
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
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parents: 59799
diff changeset
506 but in Emacs a window means something else.
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
507
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
508 @item Fringe
68690
1c1a7dd79bb3 Say "you", not "the user". Say "graphical display".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68639
diff changeset
509 On a graphical display (q.v.@:), there's a narrow portion of the
60428
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59799
diff changeset
510 frame (q.v.@:) between the text area and the window's border. Emacs
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59799
diff changeset
511 displays the fringe using a special face (q.v.@:) called
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59799
diff changeset
512 @code{fringe}. @xref{Faces,fringe}.
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
513
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
514 @item FTP
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
515 FTP is an acronym for File Transfer Protocol. Emacs uses an FTP client
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
516 program to provide access to remote files (q.v.@:).
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diff changeset
517
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
518 @item Function Key
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
519 A function key is a key on the keyboard that sends input but does not
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
520 correspond to any character. @xref{Function Keys}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
521
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
522 @item Global
36184
100feeadb597 Make quoting more uniform.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36158
diff changeset
523 Global means ``independent of the current environment; in effect
100feeadb597 Make quoting more uniform.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36158
diff changeset
524 throughout Emacs.'' It is the opposite of local (q.v.@:). Particular
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
525 examples of the use of `global' appear below.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
526
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
527 @item Global Abbrev
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
528 A global definition of an abbrev (q.v.@:) is effective in all major
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
529 modes that do not have local (q.v.@:) definitions for the same abbrev.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
530 @xref{Abbrevs}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
531
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
532 @item Global Keymap
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
533 The global keymap (q.v.@:) contains key bindings that are in effect
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
534 except when overridden by local key bindings in a major mode's local
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
535 keymap (q.v.@:). @xref{Keymaps}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
536
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
537 @item Global Mark Ring
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
538 The global mark ring records the series of buffers you have recently
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
539 set a mark (q.v.@:) in. In many cases you can use this to backtrack
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
540 through buffers you have been editing in, or in which you have found
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
541 tags (see `tags table'). @xref{Global Mark Ring}.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
542
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
543 @item Global Substitution
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
544 Global substitution means replacing each occurrence of one string by
38461
23f63206a867 Proofreading fixes from Chris Green <chris_e_green@yahoo.com>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38209
diff changeset
545 another string throughout a large amount of text. @xref{Replace}.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
546
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
547 @item Global Variable
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
548 The global value of a variable (q.v.@:) takes effect in all buffers
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
549 that do not have their own local (q.v.@:) values for the variable.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
550 @xref{Variables}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
551
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
552 @item Graphic Character
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
553 Graphic characters are those assigned pictorial images rather than
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
554 just names. All the non-Meta (q.v.@:) characters except for the
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
555 Control (q.v.@:) characters are graphic characters. These include
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
556 letters, digits, punctuation, and spaces; they do not include
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
557 @key{RET} or @key{ESC}. In Emacs, typing a graphic character inserts
54472
9ef962497917 Improve references.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 52979
diff changeset
558 that character (in ordinary editing modes). @xref{Inserting Text}.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
559
68690
1c1a7dd79bb3 Say "you", not "the user". Say "graphical display".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68639
diff changeset
560 @item Graphical Display
1c1a7dd79bb3 Say "you", not "the user". Say "graphical display".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68639
diff changeset
561 A graphical display is one that can display images and multiple fonts.
60428
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59799
diff changeset
562 Usually it also has a window system (q.v.@:).
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59799
diff changeset
563
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
564 @item Highlighting
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
565 Highlighting text means displaying it with a different foreground and/or
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
566 background color to make it stand out from the rest of the text in the
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
567 buffer.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
568
40589
c44c1b0bdf92 More explanation of "highlighting".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40015
diff changeset
569 Emacs uses highlighting in several ways. When you mark a region with
c44c1b0bdf92 More explanation of "highlighting".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40015
diff changeset
570 the mouse, the region is always highlighted. Optionally Emacs can
40615
fe4539abe84e Fix the previous change.
Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz>
parents: 40601
diff changeset
571 also highlight the region whenever it is active (@pxref{Transient
fe4539abe84e Fix the previous change.
Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz>
parents: 40601
diff changeset
572 Mark}). Incremental search also highlights matches (@pxref{Incremental
fe4539abe84e Fix the previous change.
Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz>
parents: 40601
diff changeset
573 Search}). See also `font lock'.
40589
c44c1b0bdf92 More explanation of "highlighting".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40015
diff changeset
574
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
575 @item Hardcopy
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
576 Hardcopy means printed output. Emacs has commands for making printed
63009
bde85f1b5180 (Glossary): Change Hardcopy xref to Printing.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 60471
diff changeset
577 listings of text in Emacs buffers. @xref{Printing}.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
578
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
579 @item @key{HELP}
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
580 @key{HELP} is the Emacs name for @kbd{C-h} or @key{F1}. You can type
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
581 @key{HELP} at any time to ask what options you have, or to ask what any
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
582 command does. @xref{Help}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
583
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
584 @item Help Echo
38870
d44abb4e68b2 Don't use "print" for displaying a message.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38745
diff changeset
585 Help echo is a short message displayed in the echo area when the mouse
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
586 pointer is located on portions of display that require some
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
587 explanations. Emacs displays help echo for menu items, parts of the
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
588 mode line, tool-bar buttons, etc. On graphics displays, the messages
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
589 can be displayed as tooltips (q.v.@:). @xref{Tooltips}.
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
590
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
591 @item Hook
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
592 A hook is a list of functions to be called on specific occasions, such
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
593 as saving a buffer in a file, major mode activation, etc. By
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
594 customizing the various hooks, you can modify Emacs's behavior without
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
595 changing any of its code. @xref{Hooks}.
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
596
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
597 @item Hyper
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
598 Hyper is the name of a modifier bit which a keyboard input character may
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
599 have. To make a character Hyper, type it while holding down the
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
600 @key{HYPER} key. Such characters are given names that start with
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
601 @kbd{Hyper-} (usually written @kbd{H-} for short). @xref{User Input,
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
602 Hyper}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
603
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
604 @item Inbox
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
605 An inbox is a file in which mail is delivered by the operating system.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
606 Rmail transfers mail from inboxes to Rmail files (q.v.@:) in which the
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
607 mail is then stored permanently or until explicitly deleted.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
608 @xref{Rmail Inbox}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
609
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
610 @item Incremental Search
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
611 Emacs provides an incremental search facility, whereby Emacs searches
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
612 for the string as you type it. @xref{Incremental Search}.
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
613
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
614 @item Indentation
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
615 Indentation means blank space at the beginning of a line. Most
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
616 programming languages have conventions for using indentation to
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
617 illuminate the structure of the program, and Emacs has special
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
618 commands to adjust indentation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
619 @xref{Indentation}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
620
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
621 @item Indirect Buffer
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
622 An indirect buffer is a buffer that shares the text of another buffer,
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
623 called its base buffer (q.v.@:). @xref{Indirect Buffers}.
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
624
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
625 @item Info
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
626 Info is the hypertext format used by the GNU project for writing
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
627 documentation.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
628
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
629 @item Input Event
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
630 An input event represents, within Emacs, one action taken by the user on
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
631 the terminal. Input events include typing characters, typing function
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
632 keys, pressing or releasing mouse buttons, and switching between Emacs
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
633 frames. @xref{User Input}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
634
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
635 @item Input Method
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
636 An input method is a system for entering non-@acronym{ASCII} text characters by
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
637 typing sequences of @acronym{ASCII} characters (q.v.@:). @xref{Input Methods}.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
638
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
639 @item Insertion
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
640 Insertion means copying text into the buffer, either from the keyboard
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
641 or from some other place in Emacs.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
642
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
643 @item Interlocking
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
644 Interlocking is a feature for warning when you start to alter a file
37845
ece336c2aab9 Add Text Properties item.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 37712
diff changeset
645 that someone else is already editing.
ece336c2aab9 Add Text Properties item.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 37712
diff changeset
646 @xref{Interlocking,Interlocking,Simultaneous Editing}.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
647
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
648 @item Isearch
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
649 See `incremental search.'
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
650
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
651 @item Justification
38461
23f63206a867 Proofreading fixes from Chris Green <chris_e_green@yahoo.com>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38209
diff changeset
652 Justification means adding extra spaces within lines of text to make
38490
1518ad710658 Fix last changes.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38461
diff changeset
653 them extend exactly to a specified width.
54472
9ef962497917 Improve references.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 52979
diff changeset
654 @xref{Format Justification}.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
655
60428
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59799
diff changeset
656 @item Keybinding
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59799
diff changeset
657 See `binding.'
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59799
diff changeset
658
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
659 @item Keyboard Macro
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
660 Keyboard macros are a way of defining new Emacs commands from
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
661 sequences of existing ones, with no need to write a Lisp program.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
662 @xref{Keyboard Macros}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
663
37712
76c9920b5791 Add an entry for keyboard shortcuts. Suggested by Kai Grossjohann.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36849
diff changeset
664 @cindex keyboard shortcuts
76c9920b5791 Add an entry for keyboard shortcuts. Suggested by Kai Grossjohann.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36849
diff changeset
665 @item Keyboard Shortcut
76c9920b5791 Add an entry for keyboard shortcuts. Suggested by Kai Grossjohann.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36849
diff changeset
666 A keyboard shortcut is a key sequence (q.v.@:) which invokes a
67512
979dc92f05ce (Glossary): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 65033
diff changeset
667 command. What some programs call ``assigning a keyboard shortcut,''
72101
c7e4f78b81a6 Move periods and commas inside quotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68845
diff changeset
668 Emacs calls ``binding a key sequence.'' See `binding.'
37712
76c9920b5791 Add an entry for keyboard shortcuts. Suggested by Kai Grossjohann.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36849
diff changeset
669
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
670 @item Key Sequence
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
671 A key sequence (key, for short) is a sequence of input events (q.v.@:)
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
672 that are meaningful as a single unit. If the key sequence is enough to
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
673 specify one action, it is a complete key (q.v.@:); if it is not enough,
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
674 it is a prefix key (q.v.@:). @xref{Keys}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
675
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
676 @item Keymap
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
677 The keymap is the data structure that records the bindings (q.v.@:) of
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
678 key sequences to the commands that they run. For example, the global
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
679 keymap binds the character @kbd{C-n} to the command function
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
680 @code{next-line}. @xref{Keymaps}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
681
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
682 @item Keyboard Translation Table
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
683 The keyboard translation table is an array that translates the character
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
684 codes that come from the terminal into the character codes that make up
65033
4340d5ef3c32 (Glossary): Delete xref.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64890
diff changeset
685 key sequences.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
686
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
687 @item Kill Ring
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
688 The kill ring is where all text you have killed recently is saved.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
689 You can reinsert any of the killed text still in the ring; this is
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
690 called yanking (q.v.@:). @xref{Yanking}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
691
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
692 @item Killing
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
693 Killing means erasing text and saving it on the kill ring so it can be
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
694 yanked (q.v.@:) later. Some other systems call this ``cutting.''
38461
23f63206a867 Proofreading fixes from Chris Green <chris_e_green@yahoo.com>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38209
diff changeset
695 Most Emacs commands that erase text perform killing, as opposed to
23f63206a867 Proofreading fixes from Chris Green <chris_e_green@yahoo.com>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38209
diff changeset
696 deletion (q.v.@:). @xref{Killing}.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
697
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
698 @item Killing a Job
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
699 Killing a job (such as, an invocation of Emacs) means making it cease
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
700 to exist. Any data within it, if not saved in a file, is lost.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
701 @xref{Exiting}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
702
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
703 @item Language Environment
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
704 Your choice of language environment specifies defaults for the input
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
705 method (q.v.@:) and coding system (q.v.@:). @xref{Language
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
706 Environments}. These defaults are relevant if you edit non-@acronym{ASCII} text
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
707 (@pxref{International}).
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
708
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
709 @item Line Wrapping
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
710 See `filling.'
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
711
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
712 @item Lisp
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
713 Lisp is a programming language. Most of Emacs is written in a dialect
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
714 of Lisp, called Emacs Lisp, that is extended with special features which
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
715 make it especially suitable for text editing tasks.
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
716
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
717 @item List
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
718 A list is, approximately, a text string beginning with an open
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
719 parenthesis and ending with the matching close parenthesis. In C mode
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
720 and other non-Lisp modes, groupings surrounded by other kinds of matched
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
721 delimiters appropriate to the language, such as braces, are also
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
722 considered lists. Emacs has special commands for many operations on
38209
4ad633feb6bf Add Balanced Expressions.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 37845
diff changeset
723 lists. @xref{Moving by Parens}.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
724
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
725 @item Local
36184
100feeadb597 Make quoting more uniform.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36158
diff changeset
726 Local means ``in effect only in a particular context''; the relevant
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
727 kind of context is a particular function execution, a particular
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
728 buffer, or a particular major mode. It is the opposite of `global'
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
729 (q.v.@:). Specific uses of `local' in Emacs terminology appear below.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
730
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
731 @item Local Abbrev
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
732 A local abbrev definition is effective only if a particular major mode
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
733 is selected. In that major mode, it overrides any global definition
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
734 for the same abbrev. @xref{Abbrevs}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
735
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
736 @item Local Keymap
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
737 A local keymap is used in a particular major mode; the key bindings
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
738 (q.v.@:) in the current local keymap override global bindings of the
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
739 same key sequences. @xref{Keymaps}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
740
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
741 @item Local Variable
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
742 A local value of a variable (q.v.@:) applies to only one buffer.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
743 @xref{Locals}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
744
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
745 @item @kbd{M-}
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
746 @kbd{M-} in the name of a character is an abbreviation for @key{META},
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
747 one of the modifier keys that can accompany any character.
54472
9ef962497917 Improve references.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 52979
diff changeset
748 @xref{User Input,M-}.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
749
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
750 @item @kbd{M-C-}
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
751 @kbd{M-C-} in the name of a character is an abbreviation for
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
752 Control-Meta; it means the same thing as @kbd{C-M-}. If your
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
753 terminal lacks a real @key{META} key, you type a Control-Meta character by
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
754 typing @key{ESC} and then typing the corresponding Control character.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
755 @xref{User Input,C-M-}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
756
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
757 @item @kbd{M-x}
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
758 @kbd{M-x} is the key sequence which is used to call an Emacs command by
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
759 name. This is how you run commands that are not bound to key sequences.
37845
ece336c2aab9 Add Text Properties item.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 37712
diff changeset
760 @xref{M-x,M-x,Running Commands by Name}.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
761
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
762 @item Mail
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
763 Mail means messages sent from one user to another through the computer
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
764 system, to be read at the recipient's convenience. Emacs has commands for
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
765 composing and sending mail, and for reading and editing the mail you have
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
766 received. @xref{Sending Mail}. @xref{Rmail}, for how to read mail.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
767
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
768 @item Mail Composition Method
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
769 A mail composition method is a program runnable within Emacs for editing
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
770 and sending a mail message. Emacs lets you select from several
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
771 alternative mail composition methods. @xref{Mail Methods}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
772
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
773 @item Major Mode
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
774 The Emacs major modes are a mutually exclusive set of options, each of
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
775 which configures Emacs for editing a certain sort of text. Ideally,
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
776 each programming language has its own major mode. @xref{Major Modes}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
777
60428
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59799
diff changeset
778 @item Margin
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59799
diff changeset
779 The space between the usable part of a window (including the
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59799
diff changeset
780 fringe) and the window edge.
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59799
diff changeset
781
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
782 @item Mark
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
783 The mark points to a position in the text. It specifies one end of the
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
784 region (q.v.@:), point being the other end. Many commands operate on
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
785 all the text from point to the mark. Each buffer has its own mark.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
786 @xref{Mark}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
787
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
788 @item Mark Ring
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
789 The mark ring is used to hold several recent previous locations of the
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
790 mark, just in case you want to move back to them. Each buffer has its
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
791 own mark ring; in addition, there is a single global mark ring (q.v.@:).
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
792 @xref{Mark Ring}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
793
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
794 @item Menu Bar
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
795 The menu bar is the line at the top of an Emacs frame. It contains
33746
e7c4d54b3991 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25829
diff changeset
796 words you can click on with the mouse to bring up menus, or you can use
e7c4d54b3991 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25829
diff changeset
797 a keyboard interface to navigate it. @xref{Menu Bars}.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
798
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
799 @item Message
36184
100feeadb597 Make quoting more uniform.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36158
diff changeset
800 See `mail.'
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
801
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
802 @item Meta
40732
74a8e2849d25 Add SPC, TAB, CTRL. Update DEL and Meta.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40615
diff changeset
803 Meta is the name of a modifier bit which you can use in a command
40763
f336a6703f79 Explain that DEL deletes backwards.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40732
diff changeset
804 character. To enter a meta character, you hold down the @key{META}
f336a6703f79 Explain that DEL deletes backwards.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40732
diff changeset
805 key while typing the character. We refer to such characters with
f336a6703f79 Explain that DEL deletes backwards.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40732
diff changeset
806 names that start with @kbd{Meta-} (usually written @kbd{M-} for
40732
74a8e2849d25 Add SPC, TAB, CTRL. Update DEL and Meta.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40615
diff changeset
807 short). For example, @kbd{M-<} is typed by holding down @key{META}
74a8e2849d25 Add SPC, TAB, CTRL. Update DEL and Meta.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40615
diff changeset
808 and at the same time typing @kbd{<} (which itself is done, on most
74a8e2849d25 Add SPC, TAB, CTRL. Update DEL and Meta.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40615
diff changeset
809 terminals, by holding down @key{SHIFT} and typing @kbd{,}).
74a8e2849d25 Add SPC, TAB, CTRL. Update DEL and Meta.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40615
diff changeset
810 @xref{User Input,Meta}.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
811
40763
f336a6703f79 Explain that DEL deletes backwards.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40732
diff changeset
812 On some terminals, the @key{META} key is actually labeled @key{ALT}
f336a6703f79 Explain that DEL deletes backwards.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40732
diff changeset
813 or @key{EDIT}.
f336a6703f79 Explain that DEL deletes backwards.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40732
diff changeset
814
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
815 @item Meta Character
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
816 A Meta character is one whose character code includes the Meta bit.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
817
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
818 @item Minibuffer
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
819 The minibuffer is the window that appears when necessary inside the
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
820 echo area (q.v.@:), used for reading arguments to commands.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
821 @xref{Minibuffer}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
822
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
823 @item Minibuffer History
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
824 The minibuffer history records the text you have specified in the past
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
825 for minibuffer arguments, so you can conveniently use the same text
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
826 again. @xref{Minibuffer History}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
827
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
828 @item Minor Mode
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
829 A minor mode is an optional feature of Emacs which can be switched on
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
830 or off independently of all other features. Each minor mode has a
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
831 command to turn it on or off. @xref{Minor Modes}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
832
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
833 @item Minor Mode Keymap
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
834 A minor mode keymap is a keymap that belongs to a minor mode and is
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
835 active when that mode is enabled. Minor mode keymaps take precedence
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
836 over the buffer's local keymap, just as the local keymap takes
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
837 precedence over the global keymap. @xref{Keymaps}.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
838
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
839 @item Mode Line
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
840 The mode line is the line at the bottom of each window (q.v.@:), giving
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
841 status information on the buffer displayed in that window. @xref{Mode
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
842 Line}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
843
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
844 @item Modified Buffer
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
845 A buffer (q.v.@:) is modified if its text has been changed since the
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
846 last time the buffer was saved (or since when it was created, if it
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
847 has never been saved). @xref{Saving}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
848
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
849 @item Moving Text
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
850 Moving text means erasing it from one place and inserting it in
73946
fc54af724e3c Fix typos.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
851 another. The usual way to move text is by killing (q.v.@:) it and then
fc54af724e3c Fix typos.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72101
diff changeset
852 yanking (q.v.@:) it. @xref{Killing}.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
853
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
854 @item MULE
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
855 MULE refers to the Emacs features for editing multilingual non-@acronym{ASCII} text
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
856 using multibyte characters (q.v.@:). @xref{International}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
857
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
858 @item Multibyte Character
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
859 A multibyte character is a character that takes up several bytes in a
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
860 buffer. Emacs uses multibyte characters to represent non-@acronym{ASCII} text,
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
861 since the number of non-@acronym{ASCII} characters is much more than 256.
37845
ece336c2aab9 Add Text Properties item.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 37712
diff changeset
862 @xref{International Chars, International Characters}.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
863
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
864 @item Named Mark
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
865 A named mark is a register (q.v.@:) in its role of recording a
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
866 location in text so that you can move point to that location.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
867 @xref{Registers}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
868
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
869 @item Narrowing
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
870 Narrowing means creating a restriction (q.v.@:) that limits editing in
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
871 the current buffer to only a part of the text in the buffer. Text
68690
1c1a7dd79bb3 Say "you", not "the user". Say "graphical display".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68639
diff changeset
872 outside that part is inaccessible for editing until the boundaries are
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
873 widened again, but it is still there, and saving the file saves it
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
874 all. @xref{Narrowing}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
875
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
876 @item Newline
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
877 Control-J characters in the buffer terminate lines of text and are
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
878 therefore also called newlines. @xref{Text Characters,Newline}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
879
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
880 @cindex nil
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
881 @cindex t
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
882 @item @code{nil}
36849
96998dbd0015 (Glossary): Fix last change.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36839
diff changeset
883 @code{nil} is a value usually interpreted as a logical ``false.'' Its
96998dbd0015 (Glossary): Fix last change.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36839
diff changeset
884 opposite is @code{t}, interpreted as ``true.''
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
885
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
886 @item Numeric Argument
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
887 A numeric argument is a number, specified before a command, to change
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
888 the effect of the command. Often the numeric argument serves as a
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
889 repeat count. @xref{Arguments}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
890
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
891 @item Overwrite Mode
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
892 Overwrite mode is a minor mode. When it is enabled, ordinary text
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
893 characters replace the existing text after point rather than pushing
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
894 it to the right. @xref{Minor Modes}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
895
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
896 @item Page
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
897 A page is a unit of text, delimited by formfeed characters (@acronym{ASCII}
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
898 control-L, code 014) coming at the beginning of a line. Some Emacs
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
899 commands are provided for moving over and operating on pages.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
900 @xref{Pages}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
901
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
902 @item Paragraph
36158
e30a5b375c97 Add Tool Bar. Minor cleanups.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 33746
diff changeset
903 Paragraphs are the medium-size unit of human-language text. There are
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
904 special Emacs commands for moving over and operating on paragraphs.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
905 @xref{Paragraphs}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
906
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
907 @item Parsing
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
908 We say that certain Emacs commands parse words or expressions in the
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
909 text being edited. Really, all they know how to do is find the other
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
910 end of a word or expression. @xref{Syntax}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
911
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
912 @item Point
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
913 Point is the place in the buffer at which insertion and deletion
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
914 occur. Point is considered to be between two characters, not at one
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
915 character. The terminal's cursor (q.v.@:) indicates the location of
54472
9ef962497917 Improve references.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 52979
diff changeset
916 point. @xref{Point}.
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 49592
diff changeset
917
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
918 @item Prefix Argument
36184
100feeadb597 Make quoting more uniform.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36158
diff changeset
919 See `numeric argument.'
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
920
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
921 @item Prefix Key
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
922 A prefix key is a key sequence (q.v.@:) whose sole function is to
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
923 introduce a set of longer key sequences. @kbd{C-x} is an example of
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
924 prefix key; any two-character sequence starting with @kbd{C-x} is
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
925 therefore a legitimate key sequence. @xref{Keys}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
926
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
927 @item Primary Rmail File
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
928 Your primary Rmail file is the file named @samp{RMAIL} in your home
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
929 directory. That's where Rmail stores your incoming mail, unless you
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
930 specify a different file name. @xref{Rmail}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
931
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
932 @item Primary Selection
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
933 The primary selection is one particular X selection (q.v.@:); it is the
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
934 selection that most X applications use for transferring text to and from
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
935 other applications.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
936
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
937 The Emacs kill commands set the primary selection and the yank command
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
938 uses the primary selection when appropriate. @xref{Killing}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
939
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
940 @item Prompt
38870
d44abb4e68b2 Don't use "print" for displaying a message.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38745
diff changeset
941 A prompt is text used to ask the user for input. Displaying a prompt
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
942 is called prompting. Emacs prompts always appear in the echo area
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
943 (q.v.@:). One kind of prompting happens when the minibuffer is used to
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
944 read an argument (@pxref{Minibuffer}); the echoing which happens when
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
945 you pause in the middle of typing a multi-character key sequence is also
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
946 a kind of prompting (@pxref{Echo Area}).
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
947
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
948 @item Query-Replace
36849
96998dbd0015 (Glossary): Fix last change.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36839
diff changeset
949 Query-replace is an interactive string replacement feature provided by
96998dbd0015 (Glossary): Fix last change.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36839
diff changeset
950 Emacs. @xref{Query Replace}.
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
951
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
952 @item Quitting
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
953 Quitting means canceling a partially typed command or a running
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
954 command, using @kbd{C-g} (or @kbd{C-@key{BREAK}} on MS-DOS). @xref{Quitting}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
955
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
956 @item Quoting
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
957 Quoting means depriving a character of its usual special significance.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
958 The most common kind of quoting in Emacs is with @kbd{C-q}. What
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
959 constitutes special significance depends on the context and on
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
960 convention. For example, an ``ordinary'' character as an Emacs command
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
961 inserts itself; so in this context, a special character is any character
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
962 that does not normally insert itself (such as @key{DEL}, for example),
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
963 and quoting it makes it insert itself as if it were not special. Not
54472
9ef962497917 Improve references.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 52979
diff changeset
964 all contexts allow quoting. @xref{Inserting Text,Quoting}.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
965
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
966 @item Quoting File Names
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
967 Quoting a file name turns off the special significance of constructs
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
968 such as @samp{$}, @samp{~} and @samp{:}. @xref{Quoted File Names}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
969
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
970 @item Read-Only Buffer
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
971 A read-only buffer is one whose text you are not allowed to change.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
972 Normally Emacs makes buffers read-only when they contain text which
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
973 has a special significance to Emacs; for example, Dired buffers.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
974 Visiting a file that is write-protected also makes a read-only buffer.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
975 @xref{Buffers}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
976
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
977 @item Rectangle
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
978 A rectangle consists of the text in a given range of columns on a given
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
979 range of lines. Normally you specify a rectangle by putting point at
38461
23f63206a867 Proofreading fixes from Chris Green <chris_e_green@yahoo.com>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38209
diff changeset
980 one corner and putting the mark at the diagonally opposite corner.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
981 @xref{Rectangles}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
982
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
983 @item Recursive Editing Level
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
984 A recursive editing level is a state in which part of the execution of
68690
1c1a7dd79bb3 Say "you", not "the user". Say "graphical display".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68639
diff changeset
985 a command involves asking you to edit some text. This text may
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
986 or may not be the same as the text to which the command was applied.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
987 The mode line indicates recursive editing levels with square brackets
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
988 (@samp{[} and @samp{]}). @xref{Recursive Edit}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
989
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
990 @item Redisplay
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
991 Redisplay is the process of correcting the image on the screen to
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
992 correspond to changes that have been made in the text being edited.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
993 @xref{Screen,Redisplay}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
994
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
995 @item Regexp
36184
100feeadb597 Make quoting more uniform.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36158
diff changeset
996 See `regular expression.'
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
997
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
998 @item Region
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
999 The region is the text between point (q.v.@:) and the mark (q.v.@:).
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1000 Many commands operate on the text of the region. @xref{Mark,Region}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1001
60428
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59799
diff changeset
1002 @item Register
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1003 Registers are named slots in which text or buffer positions or
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1004 rectangles can be saved for later use. @xref{Registers}. A related
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1005 Emacs feature is `bookmarks' (q.v.@:).
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1006
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1007 @item Regular Expression
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1008 A regular expression is a pattern that can match various text strings;
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1009 for example, @samp{a[0-9]+} matches @samp{a} followed by one or more
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1010 digits. @xref{Regexps}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1011
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1012 @item Remote File
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1013 A remote file is a file that is stored on a system other than your own.
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1014 Emacs can access files on other computers provided that they are
38461
23f63206a867 Proofreading fixes from Chris Green <chris_e_green@yahoo.com>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38209
diff changeset
1015 connected to the same network as your machine, and (obviously) that
23f63206a867 Proofreading fixes from Chris Green <chris_e_green@yahoo.com>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38209
diff changeset
1016 you have a supported method to gain access to those files.
23f63206a867 Proofreading fixes from Chris Green <chris_e_green@yahoo.com>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38209
diff changeset
1017 @xref{Remote Files}.
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1018
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1019 @item Repeat Count
36184
100feeadb597 Make quoting more uniform.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36158
diff changeset
1020 See `numeric argument.'
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1021
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1022 @item Replacement
36184
100feeadb597 Make quoting more uniform.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36158
diff changeset
1023 See `global substitution.'
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1024
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1025 @item Restriction
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1026 A buffer's restriction is the amount of text, at the beginning or the
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1027 end of the buffer, that is temporarily inaccessible. Giving a buffer a
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1028 nonzero amount of restriction is called narrowing (q.v.@:); removing
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1029 a restriction is called widening (q.v.@:). @xref{Narrowing}.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1030
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1031 @item @key{RET}
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1032 @key{RET} is a character that in Emacs runs the command to insert a
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1033 newline into the text. It is also used to terminate most arguments
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1034 read in the minibuffer (q.v.@:). @xref{User Input,Return}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1035
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1036 @item Reverting
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1037 Reverting means returning to the original state. Emacs lets you
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1038 revert a buffer by re-reading its file from disk. @xref{Reverting}.
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1039
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1040 @item Rmail File
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1041 An Rmail file is a file containing text in a special format used by
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1042 Rmail for storing mail. @xref{Rmail}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1043
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1044 @item Saving
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1045 Saving a buffer means copying its text into the file that was visited
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1046 (q.v.@:) in that buffer. This is the way text in files actually gets
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1047 changed by your Emacs editing. @xref{Saving}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1048
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1049 @item Scroll Bar
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1050 A scroll bar is a tall thin hollow box that appears at the side of a
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1051 window. You can use mouse commands in the scroll bar to scroll the
33746
e7c4d54b3991 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25829
diff changeset
1052 window. The scroll bar feature is supported only under windowing
e7c4d54b3991 *** empty log message ***
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25829
diff changeset
1053 systems. @xref{Scroll Bars}.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1054
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1055 @item Scrolling
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1056 Scrolling means shifting the text in the Emacs window so as to see a
54472
9ef962497917 Improve references.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 52979
diff changeset
1057 different part of the buffer. @xref{Scrolling}.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1058
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1059 @item Searching
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1060 Searching means moving point to the next occurrence of a specified
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1061 string or the next match for a specified regular expression.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1062 @xref{Search}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1063
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1064 @item Search Path
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1065 A search path is a list of directory names, to be used for searching for
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1066 files for certain purposes. For example, the variable @code{load-path}
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1067 holds a search path for finding Lisp library files. @xref{Lisp Libraries}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1068
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1069 @item Secondary Selection
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1070 The secondary selection is one particular X selection; some X
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1071 applications can use it for transferring text to and from other
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1072 applications. Emacs has special mouse commands for transferring text
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1073 using the secondary selection. @xref{Secondary Selection}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1074
60428
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59799
diff changeset
1075 @item Selected Frame
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59799
diff changeset
1076 The selected frame is the one your input currently operates on.
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59799
diff changeset
1077 @xref{Frames}.
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59799
diff changeset
1078
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59799
diff changeset
1079 @item Selected Window
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59799
diff changeset
1080 The selected frame is the one your input currently operates on.
60471
dab55a6027e5 (Glossary): Correct typo.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 60428
diff changeset
1081 @xref{Basic Window}.
60428
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59799
diff changeset
1082
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59799
diff changeset
1083 @item Selecting a Buffer
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1084 Selecting a buffer means making it the current (q.v.@:) buffer.
54472
9ef962497917 Improve references.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 52979
diff changeset
1085 @xref{Select Buffer}.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1086
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1087 @item Selection
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1088 Windowing systems allow an application program to specify
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1089 selections whose values are text. A program can also read the
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1090 selections that other programs have set up. This is the principal way
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1091 of transferring text between window applications. Emacs has commands to
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1092 work with the primary (q.v.@:) selection and the secondary (q.v.@:)
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1093 selection, and also with the clipboard (q.v.@:).
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1094
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1095 @item Self-Documentation
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1096 Self-documentation is the feature of Emacs which can tell you what any
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1097 command does, or give you a list of all commands related to a topic
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1098 you specify. You ask for self-documentation with the help character,
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1099 @kbd{C-h}. @xref{Help}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1100
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1101 @item Self-Inserting Character
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1102 A character is self-inserting if typing that character inserts that
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1103 character in the buffer. Ordinary printing and whitespace characters
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1104 are self-inserting in Emacs, except in certain special major modes.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1105
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1106 @item Sentences
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1107 Emacs has commands for moving by or killing by sentences.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1108 @xref{Sentences}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1109
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1110 @item Sexp
38209
4ad633feb6bf Add Balanced Expressions.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 37845
diff changeset
1111 A sexp (short for ``s-expression'') is the basic syntactic unit of
4ad633feb6bf Add Balanced Expressions.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 37845
diff changeset
1112 Lisp in its textual form: either a list, or Lisp atom. Sexps are also
4ad633feb6bf Add Balanced Expressions.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 37845
diff changeset
1113 the balanced expressions (q.v.@:) of the Lisp language; this is why
4ad633feb6bf Add Balanced Expressions.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 37845
diff changeset
1114 the commands for editing balanced expressions have `sexp' in their
4ad633feb6bf Add Balanced Expressions.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 37845
diff changeset
1115 name. @xref{Expressions,Sexps}.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1116
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1117 @item Simultaneous Editing
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1118 Simultaneous editing means two users modifying the same file at once.
38461
23f63206a867 Proofreading fixes from Chris Green <chris_e_green@yahoo.com>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38209
diff changeset
1119 Simultaneous editing, if not detected, can cause one user to lose his
38745
5464ee1ba8e2 Minor cleanups.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38490
diff changeset
1120 or her work. Emacs detects all cases of simultaneous editing, and
5464ee1ba8e2 Minor cleanups.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 38490
diff changeset
1121 warns one of the users to investigate.
37845
ece336c2aab9 Add Text Properties item.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 37712
diff changeset
1122 @xref{Interlocking,Interlocking,Simultaneous Editing}.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1123
40732
74a8e2849d25 Add SPC, TAB, CTRL. Update DEL and Meta.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40615
diff changeset
1124 @item @key{SPC}
74a8e2849d25 Add SPC, TAB, CTRL. Update DEL and Meta.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40615
diff changeset
1125 @key{SPC} is the space character, which you enter by pressing the
74a8e2849d25 Add SPC, TAB, CTRL. Update DEL and Meta.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40615
diff changeset
1126 space bar.
74a8e2849d25 Add SPC, TAB, CTRL. Update DEL and Meta.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40615
diff changeset
1127
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1128 @item Speedbar
60428
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59799
diff changeset
1129 The speedbar is a special tall frame that provides fast access to Emacs
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1130 buffers, functions within those buffers, Info nodes, and other
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1131 interesting parts of text within Emacs. @xref{Speedbar}.
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1132
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1133 @item Spell Checking
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1134 Spell checking means checking correctness of the written form of each
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1135 one of the words in a text. Emacs uses the Ispell spelling-checker
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1136 program to check the spelling of parts of a buffer via a convenient user
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1137 interface. @xref{Spelling}.
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1138
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1139 @item String
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1140 A string is a kind of Lisp data object which contains a sequence of
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1141 characters. Many Emacs variables are intended to have strings as
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1142 values. The Lisp syntax for a string consists of the characters in the
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1143 string with a @samp{"} before and another @samp{"} after. A @samp{"}
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1144 that is part of the string must be written as @samp{\"} and a @samp{\}
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1145 that is part of the string must be written as @samp{\\}. All other
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1146 characters, including newline, can be included just by writing them
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1147 inside the string; however, backslash sequences as in C, such as
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1148 @samp{\n} for newline or @samp{\241} using an octal character code, are
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1149 allowed as well.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1150
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1151 @item String Substitution
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1152 See `global substitution'.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1153
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1154 @item Syntax Highlighting
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1155 See `font lock.'
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1156
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1157 @item Syntax Table
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1158 The syntax table tells Emacs which characters are part of a word,
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1159 which characters balance each other like parentheses, etc.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1160 @xref{Syntax}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1161
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1162 @item Super
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1163 Super is the name of a modifier bit which a keyboard input character may
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1164 have. To make a character Super, type it while holding down the
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1165 @key{SUPER} key. Such characters are given names that start with
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1166 @kbd{Super-} (usually written @kbd{s-} for short). @xref{User Input,
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1167 Super}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1168
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1169 @item Suspending
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1170 Suspending Emacs means stopping it temporarily and returning control
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1171 to its parent process, which is usually a shell. Unlike killing a job
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1172 (q.v.@:), you can later resume the suspended Emacs job without losing
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1173 your buffers, unsaved edits, undo history, etc. @xref{Exiting}.
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1174
40732
74a8e2849d25 Add SPC, TAB, CTRL. Update DEL and Meta.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40615
diff changeset
1175 @item @key{TAB}
74a8e2849d25 Add SPC, TAB, CTRL. Update DEL and Meta.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40615
diff changeset
1176 @key{TAB} is the tab character. In Emacs it is typically used for
74a8e2849d25 Add SPC, TAB, CTRL. Update DEL and Meta.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40615
diff changeset
1177 indentation or completion.
74a8e2849d25 Add SPC, TAB, CTRL. Update DEL and Meta.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40615
diff changeset
1178
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1179 @item Tags Table
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1180 A tags table is a file that serves as an index to the function
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1181 definitions in one or more other files. @xref{Tags}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1182
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1183 @item Termscript File
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1184 A termscript file contains a record of all characters sent by Emacs to
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1185 the terminal. It is used for tracking down bugs in Emacs redisplay.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1186 Emacs does not make a termscript file unless you tell it to.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1187 @xref{Bugs}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1188
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1189 @item Text
38461
23f63206a867 Proofreading fixes from Chris Green <chris_e_green@yahoo.com>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38209
diff changeset
1190 `Text' has two meanings (@pxref{Text}):
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1191
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1192 @itemize @bullet
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1193 @item
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1194 Data consisting of a sequence of characters, as opposed to binary
37845
ece336c2aab9 Add Text Properties item.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 37712
diff changeset
1195 numbers, executable programs, and the like. The basic contents of an
ece336c2aab9 Add Text Properties item.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 37712
diff changeset
1196 Emacs buffer (aside from the text properties, q.v.@:) are always text
ece336c2aab9 Add Text Properties item.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 37712
diff changeset
1197 in this sense.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1198 @item
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1199 Data consisting of written human language, as opposed to programs,
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1200 or following the stylistic conventions of human language.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1201 @end itemize
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1202
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1203 @item Text-only Terminal
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1204 A text-only terminal is a display that is limited to displaying text in
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1205 character units. Such a terminal cannot control individual pixels it
36849
96998dbd0015 (Glossary): Fix last change.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36839
diff changeset
1206 displays. Emacs supports a subset of display features on text-only
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1207 terminals.
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1208
37845
ece336c2aab9 Add Text Properties item.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 37712
diff changeset
1209 @item Text Properties
ece336c2aab9 Add Text Properties item.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 37712
diff changeset
1210 Text properties are annotations recorded for particular characters in
ece336c2aab9 Add Text Properties item.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 37712
diff changeset
1211 the buffer. Images in the buffer are recorded as text properties;
ece336c2aab9 Add Text Properties item.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 37712
diff changeset
1212 they also specify formatting information. @xref{Editing Format Info}.
ece336c2aab9 Add Text Properties item.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 37712
diff changeset
1213
36158
e30a5b375c97 Add Tool Bar. Minor cleanups.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 33746
diff changeset
1214 @item Tool Bar
e30a5b375c97 Add Tool Bar. Minor cleanups.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 33746
diff changeset
1215 The tool bar is a line (sometimes multiple lines) of icons at the top
e30a5b375c97 Add Tool Bar. Minor cleanups.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 33746
diff changeset
1216 of an Emacs frame. Clicking on one of these icons executes a command.
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1217 You can think of this as a graphical relative of the menu bar (q.v.@:).
36210
6041f567600f Fix xref to Tool Bars.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36184
diff changeset
1218 @xref{Tool Bars}.
36158
e30a5b375c97 Add Tool Bar. Minor cleanups.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 33746
diff changeset
1219
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1220 @item Tooltips
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1221 Tooltips are small windows displaying a help echo (q.v.@:) text that
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1222 explains parts of the display, lists useful options available via mouse
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1223 clicks, etc. @xref{Tooltips}.
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1224
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1225 @item Top Level
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1226 Top level is the normal state of Emacs, in which you are editing the
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1227 text of the file you have visited. You are at top level whenever you
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1228 are not in a recursive editing level (q.v.@:) or the minibuffer
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1229 (q.v.@:), and not in the middle of a command. You can get back to top
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1230 level by aborting (q.v.@:) and quitting (q.v.@:). @xref{Quitting}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1231
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1232 @item Transposition
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1233 Transposing two units of text means putting each one into the place
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1234 formerly occupied by the other. There are Emacs commands to transpose
38209
4ad633feb6bf Add Balanced Expressions.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 37845
diff changeset
1235 two adjacent characters, words, balanced expressions (q.v.@:) or lines
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1236 (@pxref{Transpose}).
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1237
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1238 @item Truncation
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1239 Truncating text lines in the display means leaving out any text on a
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1240 line that does not fit within the right margin of the window
36184
100feeadb597 Make quoting more uniform.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36158
diff changeset
1241 displaying it. See also `continuation line.'
54472
9ef962497917 Improve references.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 52979
diff changeset
1242 @xref{Continuation Lines,Truncation}.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1243
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1244 @item TTY
36849
96998dbd0015 (Glossary): Fix last change.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36839
diff changeset
1245 See `text-only terminal.'
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1246
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1247 @item Undoing
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1248 Undoing means making your previous editing go in reverse, bringing
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1249 back the text that existed earlier in the editing session.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1250 @xref{Undo}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1251
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1252 @item User Option
59799
61196709b8e6 (Glossary) <Faces>: Add xref.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 54472
diff changeset
1253 A user option is a face (q.v.@:) or a variable (q.v.@:) that exists so
61196709b8e6 (Glossary) <Faces>: Add xref.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 54472
diff changeset
1254 that you can customize Emacs by setting it to a new value.
61196709b8e6 (Glossary) <Faces>: Add xref.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 54472
diff changeset
1255 @xref{Easy Customization}.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1256
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1257 @item Variable
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1258 A variable is an object in Lisp that can store an arbitrary value.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1259 Emacs uses some variables for internal purposes, and has others (known
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1260 as `user options' (q.v.@:)) just so that you can set their values to
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1261 control the behavior of Emacs. The variables used in Emacs that you
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1262 are likely to be interested in are listed in the Variables Index in
37845
ece336c2aab9 Add Text Properties item.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 37712
diff changeset
1263 this manual (@pxref{Variable Index}). @xref{Variables}, for
ece336c2aab9 Add Text Properties item.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 37712
diff changeset
1264 information on variables.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1265
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1266 @item Version Control
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1267 Version control systems keep track of multiple versions of a source file.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1268 They provide a more powerful alternative to keeping backup files (q.v.@:).
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1269 @xref{Version Control}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1270
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1271 @item Visiting
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1272 Visiting a file means loading its contents into a buffer (q.v.@:)
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1273 where they can be edited. @xref{Visiting}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1274
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1275 @item Whitespace
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1276 Whitespace is any run of consecutive formatting characters (space,
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1277 tab, newline, and backspace).
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1278
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1279 @item Widening
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1280 Widening is removing any restriction (q.v.@:) on the current buffer;
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1281 it is the opposite of narrowing (q.v.@:). @xref{Narrowing}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1282
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1283 @item Window
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1284 Emacs divides a frame (q.v.@:) into one or more windows, each of which
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1285 can display the contents of one buffer (q.v.@:) at any time.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1286 @xref{Screen}, for basic information on how Emacs uses the screen.
36839
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1287 @xref{Windows}, for commands to control the use of windows. Some
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1288 other editors use the term ``window'' for what we call a `frame'
3919e7300eea (Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36210
diff changeset
1289 (q.v.@:) in Emacs.
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1290
60428
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59799
diff changeset
1291 @item Window System
68690
1c1a7dd79bb3 Say "you", not "the user". Say "graphical display".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68639
diff changeset
1292 A window system is software that operates on a graphical display
1c1a7dd79bb3 Say "you", not "the user". Say "graphical display".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68639
diff changeset
1293 (q.v.@:), to subdivide the screen so that multiple applications can
1c1a7dd79bb3 Say "you", not "the user". Say "graphical display".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68639
diff changeset
1294 have their] own windows at the same time. All modern operating systems
1c1a7dd79bb3 Say "you", not "the user". Say "graphical display".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 68639
diff changeset
1295 include a window system.
60428
2e103c7354f7 (Glossary): Rename "Balance Parentheses" to "Balancing...".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59799
diff changeset
1296
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1297 @item Word Abbrev
36184
100feeadb597 Make quoting more uniform.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36158
diff changeset
1298 See `abbrev.'
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1299
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1300 @item Word Search
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1301 Word search is searching for a sequence of words, considering the
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1302 punctuation between them as insignificant. @xref{Word Search}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1303
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1304 @item WYSIWYG
36184
100feeadb597 Make quoting more uniform.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36158
diff changeset
1305 WYSIWYG stands for ``What you see is what you get.'' Emacs generally
25829
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1306 provides WYSIWYG editing for files of characters; in Enriched mode
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1307 (@pxref{Formatted Text}), it provides WYSIWYG editing for files that
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1308 include text formatting information.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1309
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1310 @item Yanking
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1311 Yanking means reinserting text previously killed. It can be used to
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1312 undo a mistaken kill, or for copying or moving text. Some other
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1313 systems call this ``pasting.'' @xref{Yanking}.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1314 @end table
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1315
52401
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
1316 @ignore
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
1317 arch-tag: 0dd53ce1-5f09-4ac2-b13b-cf22b0f28d23
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
1318 @end ignore