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author | Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org> |
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date | Tue, 19 Aug 2003 23:47:22 +0000 |
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25829 | 1 \input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*- |
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2 @c $Id: mh-e.texi,v 1.13 2002/10/02 23:24:31 karl Exp $ |
25829 | 3 @c %**start of header |
4 @setfilename ../info/mh-e | |
5 @settitle mh-e | |
6 @c %**end of header | |
7 | |
8 @c Version variables. | |
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9 @set EDITION 1.3 |
25829 | 10 @set VERSION 5.0.2 |
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11 @set UPDATED 18 February 2001 |
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12 @set UPDATE-MONTH February 2001 |
25829 | 13 |
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14 @copying |
25829 | 15 This is Edition @value{EDITION}, last updated @value{UPDATED}, of |
16 @cite{mh-e, The Emacs Interface to MH}, for mh-e, Version | |
17 @value{VERSION}. | |
18 | |
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19 Copyright 1995, 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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20 |
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21 @quotation |
32315 | 22 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document |
23 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or | |
24 any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no | |
25 Invariant Sections, with the Front-Cover texts being ``A GNU | |
26 Manual'', and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below. A copy of the | |
27 license is included in the section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation | |
28 License'' in the Emacs manual. | |
29 | |
30 (a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: ``You have freedom to copy and modify | |
31 this GNU Manual, like GNU software. Copies published by the Free | |
32 Software Foundation raise funds for GNU development.'' | |
33 | |
34 This document is part of a collection distributed under the GNU Free | |
35 Documentation License. If you want to distribute this document | |
36 separately from the collection, you can do so by adding a copy of the | |
37 license to the document, as described in section 6 of the license. | |
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38 @end quotation |
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39 @end copying |
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40 |
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41 @setchapternewpage odd |
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42 |
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43 @dircategory Emacs |
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44 @direntry |
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45 * MH-E: (mh-e). Emacs interface to the MH mail system. |
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46 @end direntry |
25829 | 47 |
48 @titlepage | |
49 @sp 10 | |
50 @center @titlefont{mh-e} | |
51 @sp 2 | |
52 @center The Emacs Interface to MH | |
53 @sp 2 | |
54 @center by Bill Wohler | |
55 @sp 2 | |
56 @center Edition @value{EDITION} for mh-e Version @value{VERSION} | |
57 @sp 2 | |
58 @center @value{UPDATE-MONTH} | |
59 | |
60 @page | |
61 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll | |
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62 Copyright @copyright{} 1995, 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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63 @insertcopying |
25829 | 64 @end titlepage |
65 | |
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66 @ifnottex |
25829 | 67 @node Top, Preface, (dir), (dir) |
68 @top MH and Emacs | |
69 This is Edition @value{EDITION} of @cite{mh-e, The Emacs Interface to | |
70 MH}, last updated @value{UPDATED} for mh-e Version @value{VERSION}. | |
71 | |
72 @menu | |
73 * Preface:: Introduction to mh-e. | |
74 * Tour Through mh-e:: Use mh-e quickly! | |
75 * Using mh-e:: Documentation for all commands. | |
76 * Customizing mh-e:: Documentation for all variables. | |
77 * Odds and Ends:: Getting mh-e, reporting bugs, mailing | |
78 list and FAQ. | |
79 * History:: The authors speak up! | |
80 * Copying:: The GNU General Public License | |
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81 * Command Index:: |
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82 * Variable Index:: |
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83 * Concept Index:: |
25829 | 84 @end menu |
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85 @end ifnottex |
25829 | 86 |
87 @node Preface, Tour Through mh-e, Top, Top | |
88 @unnumbered Preface | |
89 | |
90 @cindex Emacs | |
91 @cindex Unix commands, Emacs | |
92 | |
93 These chapters introduce another interface to MH that is accessible | |
94 through the GNU Emacs editor, namely, @emph{mh-e}. mh-e is easy to use. | |
95 I don't assume that you know GNU Emacs or even MH at this point, since I | |
96 didn't know either of them when I discovered mh-e. However, mh-e was | |
97 the tip of the iceberg, and I discovered more and more niceties about | |
98 GNU Emacs and MH@. Now I'm fully hooked on both of them. | |
99 | |
100 @cindex history | |
101 | |
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102 The mh-e package is distributed with GNU Emacs, @footnote{Note that |
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103 mh-e is supported with MH 6 and @w{Emacs 18} through @w{Emacs 21}. |
25829 | 104 Reportedly, large parts of it work with @w{MH 5} and also with |
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105 Lucid/XEmacs and Epoch, but there are no guarantees. It is also |
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106 distributed with Lucid/XEmacs, as well as with MH itself.} so you |
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107 shouldn't have to do anything special to use it. But it's important to |
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108 note a brief history of mh-e. @w{Version 3} was prevalent through the |
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109 @w{Emacs 18} and early @w{Emacs 19} years. Then @w{Version 4} came out |
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110 (@w{Emacs 19.23}), which introduced several new and changed commands. |
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111 Finally, @w{Version 5.0} was released, which fixed some bugs and |
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112 incompatibilities, and was incorporated into @w{Emacs 19.29}. This is |
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113 the version covered by this manual. @ref{Getting Started} will help |
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114 you decide which version you have. |
25829 | 115 |
116 If you don't already use GNU Emacs but want to learn more, you can read | |
117 an online tutorial by starting GNU Emacs and typing @kbd{C-h t} | |
118 (@code{help-with-tutorial}). (This notation is described in | |
119 @ref{Conventions}.) If you want to take the plunge, consult the | |
120 @iftex | |
121 @cite{GNU Emacs Manual}, | |
122 @end iftex | |
123 @ifinfo | |
124 @ref{top, , GNU Emacs Manual, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}, | |
125 @end ifinfo | |
126 from the Free Software Foundation. | |
127 | |
128 If more information is needed, you can go to the Unix manual pages of | |
129 the individual MH commands. When the name is not obvious, I'll guide | |
130 you to a relevant MH manual page that describes the action more fully. | |
131 | |
132 I hope you enjoy these chapters! If you have any comments, or | |
133 suggestions for this document, please let me know. | |
134 | |
135 @noindent | |
136 Bill Wohler <@i{wohler@@newt.com}>@* | |
137 8 February 1995 | |
138 | |
139 @node Tour Through mh-e, Using mh-e, Preface, Top | |
140 @chapter Tour Through mh-e | |
141 | |
142 This chapter introduces some of the terms you'll need to know and then | |
143 takes you on a tour of mh-e. @footnote{The keys mentioned in these | |
144 chapters refer to the default key bindings. If you've changed the | |
145 bindings, refer to the command summaries at the beginning of each major | |
146 section in @ref{Using mh-e}, for a mapping between default key bindings | |
147 and function names.} When you're done, you'll be able to send, read, | |
148 and file mail, which is all that a lot of people ever do. But if you're | |
149 the curious type, you'll read @ref{Using mh-e} to be able to use all | |
150 the features of mh-e. If you're the adventurous type, you'll read | |
151 @ref{Customizing mh-e} to make mh-e do what you want. I suggest you | |
152 read this chapter first to get the big picture, and then you can read | |
153 the other two as you wish. | |
154 | |
155 @menu | |
156 * Conventions:: GNU Emacs Terms and Conventions | |
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157 * Getting Started:: |
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158 * Sending Mail Tour:: |
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159 * Reading Mail Tour:: |
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160 * Processing Mail Tour:: |
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161 * Leaving mh-e:: |
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162 * More About mh-e:: |
25829 | 163 @end menu |
164 | |
165 @node Conventions, Getting Started, Tour Through mh-e, Tour Through mh-e | |
166 @section GNU Emacs Terms and Conventions | |
167 | |
168 @cindex Emacs, terms and conventions | |
169 | |
170 @cindex Emacs | |
171 @cindex Unix commands, Emacs | |
172 | |
173 If you're an experienced Emacs user, you can skip the following | |
174 conventions and definition of terms and go directly to @ref{Getting | |
175 Started} below. The conventions are as follows: | |
176 | |
177 @table @kbd | |
178 @item C-x | |
179 Hold down the @key{CTRL} (Control) key and press the @kbd{x} key. | |
180 @item M-x | |
181 Hold down the @key{META} or @key{ALT} key and press the @kbd{x} key. | |
182 | |
183 Since some keyboards don't have a @key{META} key, you can generate | |
184 @kbd{M-x}, for example, by pressing @key{ESC} (Escape), @emph{releasing | |
185 it}, @footnote{This is emphasized because pressing ESC twice or holding | |
186 it down a second too long so that it repeats gives you an error message.} | |
187 and then pressing the @kbd{x} key. | |
188 @item RET | |
189 Press the @key{RETURN} or @key{ENTER} key. This is normally used to | |
190 complete a command. | |
191 @item SPC | |
192 Press the space bar. | |
193 @item TAB | |
194 Press the @key{TAB} key. | |
195 @item DEL | |
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196 Press the @key{DELETE} key. |
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197 @item BS |
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198 Press the @key{BACKSPACE} key. @footnote{If you are using Version 20 |
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199 or earlier of Emacs, you will need to use the @key{DEL} key.} |
25829 | 200 @end table |
201 | |
202 @cindex Emacs, prefix argument | |
203 @cindex prefix argument | |
204 | |
205 A @dfn{prefix argument} allows you to pass an argument to any Emacs | |
206 function. To pass an argument, type @kbd{C-u} before the Emacs command | |
207 or keystroke. Numeric arguments can be passed as well. For example, to | |
208 insert five f's, use @kbd{C-u 5 f}. There is a default of four when | |
209 using @kbd{C-u}, and you can use multiple prefix arguments to provide | |
210 arguments of powers of four. To continue our example, you could insert | |
211 four f's with @kbd{C-u f}, 16 f's with @kbd{C-u C-u f}, 64 f's with | |
212 @kbd{C-u C-u C-u f}, and so on. Numeric and valueless negative | |
213 arguments can also be inserted with the @key{META} key. Examples | |
214 include @kbd{M-5} to specify an argument of 5, or @kbd{M--} which | |
215 specifies a negative argument with no particular value. | |
216 | |
217 @sp 2 | |
218 @need 1000 | |
219 @center @strong{NOTE} | |
220 | |
221 @quotation | |
222 The prefix @kbd{C-u} or @kbd{M-} is not necessary in mh-e's MH-Folder | |
223 modes (@pxref{Reading Mail Tour}). In these modes, simply enter the | |
224 numerical argument before entering the command. | |
225 @end quotation | |
226 | |
227 @cindex point | |
228 @cindex Emacs, point | |
229 @cindex mark | |
230 @cindex Emacs, mark | |
231 @cindex region | |
232 @cindex Emacs, region | |
233 | |
234 There are several other terms that are used in Emacs that you should | |
235 know. The @dfn{point} is where the cursor currently is. You can save | |
236 your current place in the file by setting a @dfn{mark}. This operation | |
237 is useful in several ways. The mark can be later used when defining a | |
238 @dfn{region}, which is the text between the point and mark. Many | |
239 commands operate on regions, such as those for deleting text or filling | |
240 paragraphs. A mark can be set with @kbd{C-@@} (or @kbd{C-SPC}). | |
241 | |
242 @cindex minibuffer | |
243 @cindex Emacs, minibuffer | |
244 @cindex file completion | |
245 @cindex Emacs, file completion | |
246 | |
247 The @dfn{minibuffer} is the bottom line of the Emacs window, where all | |
248 prompting and multiple-character input is directed. If you are prompted | |
249 for information in the minibuffer, such as a filename, Emacs can help | |
250 you complete your answer if you type @key{SPC} or @key{TAB}. A second | |
251 @key{SPC} or @key{TAB} will list all possibilities at that point. The | |
252 minibuffer is also where you enter Emacs function names after typing | |
253 @kbd{M-x}. For example, in the first paragraph, I mentioned that you | |
254 could obtain help with @kbd{C-h t} (@code{help-with-tutorial}). What | |
255 this means is that you can get a tutorial by typing either @kbd{C-h t} | |
256 or @kbd{M-x help-with-tutorial}. In the latter case, you are prompted | |
257 for @samp{help-with-tutorial} in the minibuffer after typing @kbd{M-x}. | |
258 | |
259 @cindex interrupting | |
260 @cindex Emacs, interrupting | |
261 @cindex quitting | |
262 @cindex Emacs, quitting | |
263 | |
264 @i{In case of trouble:} Emacs can be interrupted at any time with | |
265 @kbd{C-g}. For example, if you've started a command that requests that | |
266 you enter something in the minibuffer, but then you change your mind, | |
267 type @kbd{C-g} and you'll be back where you started. If you want to | |
268 exit Emacs entirely, use @kbd{C-x C-c}. | |
269 | |
270 @node Getting Started, Sending Mail Tour, Conventions, Tour Through mh-e | |
271 @section Getting Started | |
272 | |
273 Because there are many old versions of mh-e out there, it is important to | |
274 know which version you have. I'll be talking about @w{Version 5} which | |
275 is similar to @w{Version 4} and vastly different from @w{Version 3}. | |
276 | |
277 First, enter @kbd{M-x load-library @key{RET} mh-e | |
278 @key{RET}}. @footnote{You wouldn't ordinarily do this.} The message, | |
279 @samp{Loading mh-e...done}, should be displayed in the minibuffer. If | |
280 you get @samp{Cannot open load file: mh-e}, then your Emacs is very | |
281 badly configured, or mh-e is missing. You may wish to have your system | |
282 administrator install a new Emacs or at least the latest mh-e files. | |
283 | |
284 Having loaded mh-e successfully, enter @kbd{M-x mh-version @key{RET}}. | |
285 The version of mh-e should be displayed. Hopefully it says that you're | |
286 running @w{Version @value{VERSION}} which is the latest version as of | |
287 this printing. If instead Emacs beeps and says @samp{[No match]}, then | |
288 you're running an old version of mh-e. | |
289 | |
290 If these tests reveal a non-existent or old version of mh-e, please | |
291 consider obtaining a new version. You can have your system | |
292 administrator upgrade the system-wide version, or you can install your | |
293 own personal version. It's really quite easy; instructions for getting | |
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294 and installing mh-e are in @ref{Getting mh-e}. |
25829 | 295 |
296 @cindex @code{install-mh} | |
297 @cindex MH commands, @code{install-mh} | |
298 | |
299 Also, older versions of mh-e assumed that you had already set up your MH | |
300 environment. Newer versions set up a new MH environment for you by | |
301 running @code{install-mh} and notifying you of this fact with the | |
302 message in a temporary buffer: | |
303 | |
304 @example | |
305 I'm going to create the standard MH path for you. | |
306 @end example | |
307 | |
308 Therefore, if you've never run MH before and you're using an old version | |
309 of mh-e, you need to run @code{install-mh} from the shell before you | |
310 continue the tour. If you don't, you'll be greeted with the error | |
311 message: @samp{Can't find MH profile}. | |
312 | |
313 @cindex @file{.emacs} | |
314 @cindex files, @file{.emacs} | |
315 | |
316 If, during the tour described in this chapter, you see a message like: | |
317 @samp{Searching for program: no such file or directory, | |
318 /usr/local/bin/mhpath}, it means that the MH programs and files are kept | |
319 in a nonstandard directory. In this case, simply add the following to | |
320 @file{~/.emacs} and restart @code{emacs}. | |
321 | |
322 @vindex @code{mh-progs}, example | |
323 @vindex @code{mh-lib}, example | |
324 | |
325 @c XXX Real example for really naive user? | |
326 @example | |
327 @group | |
328 (setq mh-progs "@var{/path/to/MH/binary/directory/}") | |
329 (setq mh-lib "@var{/path/to/MH/library/directory/}") | |
330 @end group | |
331 @end example | |
332 | |
333 @cindex ~ | |
334 | |
335 The @samp{~} notation used by @file{~/.emacs} above represents your home | |
336 directory. This is used by the @code{bash} and @code{csh} shells. If | |
337 your shell does not support this feature, you could use the environment | |
338 variable @samp{$HOME} (such as @file{$HOME/.emacs}) or the absolute path | |
339 (as in @file{/home/wohler/.emacs}) instead. | |
340 | |
341 At this point, you should see something like the screen in the | |
342 figure in @ref{Reading Mail Tour}. We're now ready to move on. | |
343 | |
344 @node Sending Mail Tour, Reading Mail Tour, Getting Started, Tour Through mh-e | |
345 @section Sending Mail | |
346 | |
347 @cindex sending mail | |
348 @findex @code{mh-smail} | |
349 | |
350 Let's start our tour by sending ourselves a message which we can later | |
351 read and process. Enter @kbd{M-x mh-smail} to invoke the mh-e program | |
352 to send messages. You will be prompted in the minibuffer by @samp{To:}. | |
353 Enter your login name. The next prompt is @samp{cc:}. Hit @key{RET} to | |
354 indicate that no carbon copies are to be sent. At the @samp{Subject:} | |
355 prompt, enter @kbd{Test} or anything else that comes to mind. | |
356 | |
357 @cindex MH-Letter mode | |
358 @cindex modes, MH-Letter | |
359 @cindex mode | |
360 | |
361 Once you've specified the recipients and subject, your message appears | |
362 in an Emacs buffer whose mode @footnote{A @dfn{mode} changes Emacs to | |
363 make it easier to edit a particular type of text.} is MH-Letter. | |
364 Enter some text in the body of the message, using normal Emacs commands. | |
365 You should now have something like this: @footnote{If you're running Emacs | |
366 under the X Window System, then you would also see a menubar. I've left | |
367 out the menubar in all of the example screens.} | |
368 | |
369 @example | |
370 @group | |
371 @cartouche | |
372 | |
373 | |
374 | |
375 | |
376 | |
377 | |
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378 -----Emacs: *scratch* (Lisp Interaction)--All------------------- |
25829 | 379 To: wohler |
380 cc: | |
381 Subject: Test | |
382 -------- | |
383 This is a test message to get the wheels churning...# | |
384 | |
385 | |
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386 --**-@{draft@} (MH-Letter)--All------------------------------------- |
25829 | 387 |
388 @end cartouche | |
389 @i{mh-e message composition window} | |
390 @end group | |
391 @end example | |
392 | |
393 @cindex MH-Letter mode | |
394 @cindex modes, MH-Letter | |
395 | |
396 Note the line of dashes that separates the header and the body of the | |
397 message. It is essential that these dashes (or a blank line) are | |
398 present or the body of your message will be considered to be part of | |
399 the header. | |
400 | |
401 There are several commands specific to MH-Letter mode, but at | |
402 this time we'll only use @kbd{C-c C-c} to send your message. Type | |
403 @kbd{C-c C-c} now. That's all there is to it! | |
404 | |
405 @node Reading Mail Tour, Processing Mail Tour, Sending Mail Tour, Tour Through mh-e | |
406 @section Receiving Mail | |
407 | |
408 @cindex reading mail | |
409 @findex @code{mh-rmail} | |
410 @cindex @code{inc} | |
411 @cindex MH commands, @code{inc} | |
412 @cindex @code{scan} | |
413 @cindex MH commands, @code{scan} | |
414 @cindex MH-Folder mode | |
415 @cindex modes, MH-Folder | |
416 | |
417 To read the mail you've just sent yourself, enter @kbd{M-x mh-rmail}. | |
418 This incorporates the new mail and put the output from @code{inc} | |
419 (called @dfn{scan lines} after the MH program @code{scan} which prints a | |
420 one-line summary of each message) into a buffer called @samp{+inbox} | |
421 whose major mode is MH-Folder. | |
422 | |
423 @sp 2 | |
424 @need 1000 | |
425 @center @strong{NOTE} | |
426 | |
427 @quotation | |
428 The @kbd{M-x mh-rmail} command will show you only new mail, not old | |
429 mail. If you were to run this tour again, you would use @kbd{M-r} to | |
430 pull all your messages into mh-e. | |
431 @end quotation | |
432 | |
433 You should see the scan line for your message, and perhaps others. Use | |
434 @kbd{n} or @kbd{p} to move the cursor to your test message and type | |
435 @key{RET} to read your message. You should see something like: | |
436 | |
437 @example | |
438 @group | |
439 @cartouche | |
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440 3 24Aug root received fax files on Wed Aug 24 11:00:13 PDT 1994 |
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441 # 4+ 24Aug To:wohler Test<<This is a test message to get the wheels chu |
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442 |
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443 --%%-@{+inbox@} 4 msgs (1-4) (MH-Folder Show)--Bot------------------ |
25829 | 444 To: wohler |
445 Subject: Test | |
446 Date: Wed, 24 Aug 1994 13:01:13 -0700 | |
447 From: Bill Wohler <wohler@@newt.com> | |
448 | |
449 This is a test message to get the wheels churning... | |
450 | |
451 | |
452 | |
453 | |
454 | |
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455 -----@{show-+inbox@} 4 (MH-Show)--Bot------------------------------- |
25829 | 456 |
457 @end cartouche | |
458 @i{After incorporating new messages} | |
459 @end group | |
460 @end example | |
461 | |
462 If you typed a long message, you can view subsequent pages with @key{SPC} | |
463 and previous pages with @key{DEL}. | |
464 | |
465 @node Processing Mail Tour, Leaving mh-e, Reading Mail Tour, Tour Through mh-e | |
466 @section Processing Mail | |
467 | |
468 @cindex processing mail | |
469 | |
470 The first thing we want to do is reply to the message that we sent | |
471 ourselves. Ensure that the cursor is still on the same line as your | |
472 test message and type @kbd{r}. You are prompted in the minibuffer with | |
473 @samp{Reply to whom:}. Here mh-e is asking whether you'd like to reply | |
474 to the original sender only, to the sender and primary recipients, or to | |
475 the sender and all recipients. If you simply hit @key{RET}, you'll | |
476 reply only to the sender. Hit @key{RET} now. | |
477 | |
478 You'll find yourself in an Emacs buffer similar to that when you were | |
479 sending the original message, like this: | |
480 | |
481 @example | |
482 @group | |
483 @cartouche | |
484 To: wohler | |
485 Subject: Re: Test | |
486 In-reply-to: Bill Wohler's message of Wed, 24 Aug 1994 13:01:13 -0700 | |
487 <199408242001.NAA00505@@newt.com> | |
488 -------- | |
489 # | |
490 | |
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491 --**-@{draft@} (MH-Letter)--All------------------------------------- |
25829 | 492 To: wohler |
493 Subject: Test | |
494 Date: Wed, 24 Aug 1994 13:01:13 -0700 | |
495 From: Bill Wohler <wohler@@newt.com> | |
496 | |
497 This is a test message to get the wheels churning... | |
498 | |
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499 -----@{show-+inbox@} 4 (MH-Show)--Bot------------------------------- |
25829 | 500 Composing a reply...done |
501 @end cartouche | |
502 @i{Composition window during reply} | |
503 @end group | |
504 @end example | |
505 | |
506 By default, MH will not add you to the address list of your replies, so | |
507 if you find that the @samp{To:} header field is missing, don't worry. | |
508 In this case, type @kbd{C-c C-f C-t} to create and go to the @samp{To:} | |
509 field, where you can type your login name again. You can move around | |
510 with the arrow keys or with @kbd{C-p} (@code{previous-line}), @kbd{C-n} | |
511 (@code{next-line}), @kbd{C-b} (@code{backward-char}), and @kbd{C-f} | |
512 (@code{forward-char}) and can delete the previous character with | |
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513 @key{BS}. When you're finished editing your message, send it with |
25829 | 514 @kbd{C-c C-c} as before. |
515 | |
516 @cindex folder | |
517 | |
518 You'll often want to save messages that were sent to you in an organized | |
519 fashion. This is done with @dfn{folders}. You can use folders to keep | |
520 messages from your friends, or messages related to a particular topic. | |
521 With your cursor in the MH-Folder buffer and positioned on the message | |
522 you sent to yourself, type @kbd{o} to output (@code{refile} in MH | |
523 parlance) that message to a folder. Enter @kbd{test} at the | |
524 @samp{Destination:} prompt and type @kbd{y} (or @key{SPC}) when mh-e | |
525 asks to create the folder @samp{+test}. Note that a @samp{^} (caret) | |
526 appears next to the message number, which means that the message has | |
527 been marked for refiling but has not yet been refiled. We'll talk about | |
528 how the refile is actually carried out in a moment. | |
529 | |
530 @cindex MH-Folder mode | |
531 @cindex modes, MH-Folder | |
532 | |
533 Your previous reply is now waiting in the system mailbox. You | |
534 incorporate this mail into your MH-Folder buffer named @samp{+inbox} | |
535 with the @kbd{i} command. Do this now. After the mail is incorporated, | |
536 use @kbd{n} or @kbd{p} to move the cursor to the new message, and read | |
537 it with @key{RET}. Let's delete this message by typing @kbd{d}. Note | |
538 that a @samp{D} appears next to the message number. This means that the | |
539 message is marked for deletion but is not yet deleted. To perform the | |
540 deletion (and the refile we did previously), use the @kbd{x} command. | |
541 | |
542 @findex @code{mh-smail} | |
543 | |
544 If you want to send another message you can use @kbd{m} instead of | |
545 @kbd{M-x mh-smail}. So go ahead, send some mail to your friends! | |
546 | |
547 @node Leaving mh-e, More About mh-e, Processing Mail Tour, Tour Through mh-e | |
548 @section Leaving mh-e | |
549 | |
550 @cindex Emacs, quitting | |
551 @cindex quitting | |
552 | |
553 You may now wish to exit @code{emacs} entirely. Use @kbd{C-x C-c} to | |
554 exit @code{emacs}. If you exited without running @kbd{x} in the | |
555 @samp{+inbox} buffer, Emacs will offer to save it for you. Type @kbd{y} | |
556 or @key{SPC} to save @samp{+inbox} changes, which means to perform any refiles | |
557 and deletes that you did there. | |
558 | |
559 If you don't want to leave Emacs, you can type @kbd{q} to bury (hide) | |
560 the mh-e folder or delete them entirely with @kbd{C-x k}. You can then | |
561 later recall them with @kbd{C-x b} or @kbd{M-x mh-rmail}. | |
562 | |
563 @node More About mh-e, , Leaving mh-e, Tour Through mh-e | |
564 @section More About mh-e | |
565 | |
566 These are the basic commands to get you going, but there are plenty | |
567 more. If you think that mh-e is for you, read @ref{Using mh-e} and | |
568 @ref{Customizing mh-e} to find out how you can: | |
569 | |
570 @itemize @bullet | |
571 @item | |
572 Print your messages. (@ref{Printing} and @ref{Customizing Printing}.) | |
573 @item | |
574 Edit messages and include your signature. (@ref{Draft Editing} | |
575 and @ref{Customizing Draft Editing}.) | |
576 @item | |
577 Forward messages. (@ref{Forwarding} and @ref{Customizing Forwarding}.) | |
578 @item | |
579 Read digests. (@ref{Viewing}.) | |
580 @item | |
581 Edit bounced messages. (@ref{Old Drafts} and @ref{Customizing Old Drafts}.) | |
582 @item | |
583 Send multimedia messages. (@ref{Editing MIME} and @ref{Customizing Editing MIME}.) | |
584 @item | |
585 Process mail that was sent with @code{shar} or @code{uuencode}. | |
586 (@ref{Files and Pipes}.) | |
587 @item | |
588 Use sequences conveniently. (@ref{Sequences}.) | |
589 @item | |
590 Show header fields in different fonts. (@ref{Customizing Viewing}.) | |
591 @item | |
592 Find previously refiled messages. (@ref{Searching}.) | |
593 @item | |
594 Place messages in a file. (@ref{Files and Pipes}.) | |
595 @end itemize | |
596 | |
597 Remember that you can also use MH commands when you're not running mh-e | |
598 (and when you are!). | |
599 | |
600 @node Using mh-e, Customizing mh-e, Tour Through mh-e, Top | |
601 @chapter Using mh-e | |
602 | |
603 This chapter leaves the tutorial style and goes into more detail about | |
604 every mh-e command. The default, or "out of the box," behavior is | |
605 documented. If this is not to your liking (for instance, you print with | |
606 something other than @code{lpr)}, see the associated section in | |
607 @ref{Customizing mh-e} which is organized exactly like this chapter. | |
608 | |
609 @cindex Emacs, functions; describe-mode | |
610 @cindex Emacs, online help | |
611 @cindex online help | |
612 | |
613 There are many commands, but don't get intimidated. There are command | |
614 summaries at the beginning of each section. In case you have or would | |
615 like to rebind the keys, the command summaries also list the associated | |
616 Emacs Lisp function. Furthermore, even if you're stranded on a desert | |
617 island with a laptop and are without your manuals, you can get a summary | |
618 of all these commands with GNU Emacs online help: use @kbd{C-h m} | |
619 (@code{describe-mode}) for a brief summary of commands or @kbd{C-h i} to | |
620 read this manual via Info. The online help is quite good; try running | |
621 @kbd{C-h C-h C-h}. This brings up a list of available help topics, one | |
622 of which displays the documentation for a given key (like @kbd{C-h k | |
623 C-n}). In addition, review @ref{Conventions}, if any of the GNU Emacs | |
624 conventions are strange to you. | |
625 | |
626 Let's get started! | |
627 | |
628 @menu | |
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629 * Reading Mail:: |
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630 * Sending Mail:: |
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631 * Draft Editing:: |
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632 * Moving Mail:: |
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633 * Searching:: |
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634 * Sequences:: |
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635 * Miscellaneous:: |
25829 | 636 @end menu |
637 | |
638 @node Reading Mail, Sending Mail, Using mh-e, Using mh-e | |
639 @section Reading Your Mail | |
640 | |
641 @cindex reading mail | |
642 @findex @code{mh-rmail} | |
643 @cindex MH-Folder mode | |
644 @cindex modes, MH-Folder | |
645 | |
646 The mh-e entry point for reading mail is @kbd{M-x mh-rmail}. This | |
647 command incorporates your mail and creates a buffer called @samp{+inbox} | |
648 in MH-Folder mode. The @kbd{M-x mh-rmail} command shows you only new | |
649 mail, not old mail. @footnote{If you want to see your old mail as well, | |
650 use @kbd{M-r} to pull all your messages into mh-e. Or, give a prefix | |
651 argument to @code{mh-rmail} so it will prompt you for folder to visit | |
652 like @kbd{M-f} (for example, @kbd{C-u M-x mh-rmail @key{RET} bob | |
653 @key{RET}}). Both @kbd{M-r} and @kbd{M-f} are described in | |
654 @ref{Organizing}.} The @samp{+inbox} buffer contains @dfn{scan lines}, | |
655 which are one-line summaries of each incorporated message. You can | |
656 perform most MH commands on these messages via one-letter commands | |
657 discussed in this chapter. See @code{scan}(1) for a description of the | |
658 contents of the scan lines, and see the Figure in @ref{Reading Mail | |
659 Tour}, for an example. | |
660 | |
661 @table @kbd | |
662 @item RET | |
663 Display a message (@code{mh-show}). | |
664 | |
665 @item SPC | |
666 Go to next page in message (@code{mh-page-msg}). | |
667 | |
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668 @item BS |
25829 | 669 Go to previous page in message (@code{mh-previous-page}). |
670 | |
671 @item , (comma) | |
672 Display a message with all header fields (@code{mh-header-display}). | |
673 | |
674 @item M-SPC | |
675 Go to next message in digest (@code{mh-page-digest}). | |
676 | |
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677 @item M-BS |
25829 | 678 Go to previous message in digest (@code{mh-page-digest-backwards}). |
679 | |
680 @item M-b | |
681 Break up digest into separate messages (@code{mh-burst-digest}). | |
682 | |
683 @item n | |
684 Display next message (@code{mh-next-undeleted-msg}). | |
685 | |
686 @item p | |
687 Display previous message (@code{mh-previous-undeleted-msg}). | |
688 | |
689 @item g | |
690 Go to a message (@code{mh-goto-msg}). | |
691 | |
692 @item M-< | |
693 Go to first message (@code{mh-first-msg}). | |
694 | |
695 @item M-> | |
696 Go to last message (@code{mh-last-msg}). | |
697 | |
698 @item t | |
699 Toggle between MH-Folder and MH-Folder Show modes (@code{mh-toggle-showing}). | |
700 @end table | |
701 | |
702 @menu | |
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703 * Viewing:: |
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704 * Moving Around:: |
25829 | 705 @end menu |
706 | |
707 @node Viewing, Moving Around, Reading Mail, Reading Mail | |
708 @subsection Viewing Your Mail | |
709 | |
710 @findex @code{mh-show} | |
711 @findex @code{mh-page-msg} | |
712 @findex @code{mh-previous-page} | |
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713 @findex @code{mh-header-display} |
25829 | 714 |
715 The @kbd{RET} (@code{mh-show}) command displays the message that the | |
716 cursor is on. If the message is already displayed, it scrolls to the | |
717 beginning of the message. Use @key{SPC} (@code{mh-page-msg}) and | |
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718 @key{BS} (@code{mh-previous-page}) to move forwards and backwards one |
25829 | 719 page at a time through the message. You can give either of these |
720 commands a prefix argument that specifies the number of lines to scroll | |
721 (such as @kbd{10 SPC}). mh-e normally hides a lot of the | |
722 superfluous header fields that mailers add to a message, but if you wish | |
723 to see all of them, use the @kbd{,} (comma; @code{mh-header-display}) | |
724 command. | |
725 | |
726 @menu | |
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727 * Reading Digests:: |
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728 * Reading MIME:: |
25829 | 729 @end menu |
730 | |
731 @node Reading Digests, Reading MIME, Viewing, Viewing | |
732 @subsubsection Reading Digests | |
733 | |
734 @cindex digests | |
735 @findex @code{mh-page-digest} | |
736 @findex @code{mh-page-digest-backwards} | |
737 | |
738 A digest is a message that contains other messages. Special mh-e | |
739 commands let you read digests conveniently. You can use @key{SPC} and | |
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740 @key{BS} to page through the digest as if it were a normal message, but |
25829 | 741 if you wish to skip to the next message in the digest, use @kbd{M-SPC} |
742 (@code{mh-page-digest}). To return to a previous message, use | |
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743 @kbd{M-BS} (@code{mh-page-digest-backwards}). |
25829 | 744 |
745 @cindex @code{burst} | |
746 @cindex MH commands, @code{burst} | |
747 @cindex MH-Folder Show mode | |
748 @cindex modes, MH-Folder Show | |
749 @findex @code{mh-burst-digest} | |
750 | |
751 @c There was a page break at the colon in the following paragraph which | |
752 @c broke the transition to the example. | |
753 @need 2000 | |
754 | |
755 Another handy command is @kbd{M-b} (@code{mh-burst-digest}). This | |
756 command uses the MH command @code{burst} to break out each message in | |
757 the digest into its own message. Using this command, you can quickly | |
758 delete unwanted messages, like this: Once the digest is split up, toggle | |
759 out of MH-Folder Show mode with @kbd{t} (@pxref{Moving Around}) so that | |
760 the scan lines fill the screen and messages aren't displayed. Then use | |
761 @kbd{d} (@pxref{Deleting}) to quickly delete messages that you don't | |
762 want to read (based on the @samp{Subject:} header field). You can also | |
763 burst the digest to reply directly to the people who posted the messages | |
764 in the digest. One problem you may encounter is that the @samp{From:} | |
765 header fields are preceded with a @samp{>} so that your reply can't | |
766 create the @samp{To:} field correctly. In this case, you must correct | |
767 the @samp{To:} field yourself. This is described later in @ref{Editing | |
768 Textual}. | |
769 | |
770 @node Reading MIME, , Reading Digests, Viewing | |
771 @subsubsection Reading Multimedia Mail | |
772 | |
773 @cindex multimedia mail | |
774 @cindex MIME | |
775 @cindex @code{show} | |
776 @cindex MH commands, @code{show} | |
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777 @cindex @code{mhshow} |
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778 @cindex MH commands, @code{mhshow} |
25829 | 779 |
780 MH has the ability to read @dfn{@sc{mime}} (Multipurpose Internet Mail | |
781 Extensions) messages. Unfortunately, mh-e does not yet have this | |
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782 ability, so you have to use the MH commands @code{show} or @code{mhshow} |
25829 | 783 from the shell to read @sc{mime} messages. @footnote{You can call them |
784 directly from Emacs if you're running the X Window System: type @kbd{M-! | |
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785 xterm -e mhshow @var{message-number}}. You can leave out the @code{xterm |
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786 -e} if you use @code{mhlist} or @code{mhstore}.} |
25829 | 787 |
788 @node Moving Around, , Viewing, Reading Mail | |
789 @subsection Moving Around | |
790 | |
791 @cindex moving between messages | |
792 @findex @code{mh-next-undeleted-msg} | |
793 @findex @code{mh-previous-undeleted-msg} | |
794 @findex @code{mh-goto-msg} | |
795 @findex @code{mh-last-msg} | |
796 @findex @code{mh-first-msg} | |
797 | |
798 To move on to the next message, use the @kbd{n} | |
799 (@code{mh-next-undeleted-msg}) command; use the @kbd{p} | |
800 (@code{mh-previous-undeleted-msg}) command to read the previous message. | |
801 Both of these commands can be given a prefix argument to specify how | |
802 many messages to skip (for example, @kbd{5 n}). You can also move to a | |
803 specific message with @kbd{g} (@code{mh-goto-msg}). You can enter the | |
804 message number either before or after typing @kbd{g}. In the latter | |
805 case, Emacs prompts you. Finally, you can go to the first or last | |
806 message with @kbd{M-<} (@code{mh-first-msg}) and @kbd{M->} | |
807 (@code{mh-last-msg}) respectively. | |
808 | |
809 @cindex MH-Folder mode | |
810 @cindex modes, MH-Folder | |
811 | |
812 You can also use the Emacs commands @kbd{C-p} (@code{previous-line}) and | |
813 @kbd{C-n} (@code{next-line}) to move up and down the scan lines in the | |
814 MH-Folder window. These commands can be used in conjunction with | |
815 @kbd{RET} to look at deleted or refiled messages. | |
816 | |
817 @cindex MH-Folder mode | |
818 @cindex modes, MH-Folder | |
819 @cindex MH-Folder Show mode | |
820 @cindex modes, MH-Folder Show | |
821 @cindex junk mail | |
822 @findex @code{mh-toggle-showing} | |
823 | |
824 The command @kbd{t} (@code{mh-toggle-showing}) switches between | |
825 MH-Folder mode and MH-Folder Show mode. @footnote{For you Emacs | |
826 wizards, this is implemented as an Emacs minor mode.} MH-Folder mode | |
827 turns off the associated show buffer so that you can perform operations | |
828 on the messages quickly without reading them. This is an excellent way | |
829 to prune out your junk mail or to refile a group of messages to another | |
830 folder for later examination. | |
831 | |
832 @node Sending Mail, Draft Editing, Reading Mail, Using mh-e | |
833 @section Sending Mail | |
834 | |
835 @cindex sending mail | |
836 @findex @code{mh-smail} | |
837 | |
838 You can send a mail message in several ways. You can call @kbd{M-x | |
839 mh-smail} directly, or from the command line like this: | |
840 | |
841 @cindex starting from command line | |
842 | |
843 @example | |
844 % @kbd{emacs -f mh-smail} | |
845 @end example | |
846 | |
847 From within mh-e's MH-Folder mode, other methods of sending mail | |
848 are available as well: | |
849 | |
850 @table @kbd | |
851 @item m | |
852 Compose a message (@code{mh-send}). | |
853 | |
854 @item r | |
855 Reply to a message (@code{mh-reply}). | |
856 | |
857 @item f | |
858 Forward message(s) (@code{mh-forward}). | |
859 | |
860 @item M-d | |
861 Redistribute a message (@code{mh-redistribute}). | |
862 | |
863 @item M-e | |
864 Edit a message that was bounced by mailer (@code{mh-extract-rejected-mail}). | |
865 | |
866 @item M-a | |
867 Edit a message to send it again (@code{mh-edit-again}). | |
868 @end table | |
869 | |
870 @cindex MH-Folder mode | |
871 @cindex modes, MH-Folder | |
872 @cindex MH-Letter mode | |
873 @cindex modes, MH-Letter | |
874 @findex @code{mh-send} | |
875 | |
876 From within a MH-Folder buffer, you can simply use the command @kbd{m} | |
877 (@code{mh-send}). However you invoke @code{mh-send}, you are prompted | |
878 for the @samp{To:}, @samp{cc:}, and @samp{Subject:} header fields. Once | |
879 you've specified the recipients and subject, your message appears in an | |
880 Emacs buffer whose mode is MH-Letter (see the Figure in @ref{Sending | |
881 Mail} to see what the buffer looks like). MH-Letter mode allows you to | |
882 edit your message, to check the validity of the recipients, to insert | |
883 other messages into your message, and to send the message. We'll go | |
884 more into depth about editing a @dfn{draft} @footnote{I highly recommend | |
885 that you use a @dfn{draft folder} so that you can edit several drafts in | |
886 parallel. To do so, create a folder (e.g., @file{+drafts}), and add a | |
887 profile component called @samp{Draft-Folder:} which contains | |
888 @file{+drafts} (see @code{mh-profile}(5)).} (a message you're composing) | |
889 in just a moment. | |
890 | |
891 @findex @code{mh-smail} | |
892 @findex @code{mh-smail-other-window} | |
893 | |
894 @code{mh-smail} always creates a two-window layout with the current | |
895 buffer on top and the draft on the bottom. If you would rather preserve | |
896 the window layout, use @kbd{M-x mh-smail-other-window}. | |
897 | |
898 @menu | |
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899 * Replying:: |
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900 * Forwarding:: |
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901 * Redistributing:: |
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902 * Old Drafts:: |
25829 | 903 @end menu |
904 | |
905 @node Replying, Forwarding, Sending Mail, Sending Mail | |
906 @subsection Replying to Mail | |
907 | |
908 @cindex replying | |
909 @cindex @code{mhl} | |
910 @cindex MH commands, @code{mhl} | |
911 @cindex @file{mhl.reply} | |
912 @cindex files, @file{mhl.reply} | |
913 @findex @code{mh-reply} | |
914 | |
915 To compose a reply to a message, use the @kbd{r} (@code{mh-reply}) | |
916 command. If you supply a prefix argument (as in @kbd{C-u r}), the | |
917 message you are replying to is inserted in your reply after having first | |
918 been run through @code{mhl} with the format file @file{mhl.reply}. See | |
919 @code{mhl}(1) to see how you can modify the default @file{mhl.reply} | |
920 file. | |
921 | |
922 When you reply to a message, you are first prompted with @samp{Reply to | |
923 whom?}. You have several choices here. | |
924 | |
925 @example | |
926 @group | |
927 @b{Response} @b{Reply Goes To} | |
928 | |
929 @kbd{from} @r{The person who sent the message. This is the default,} | |
930 @r{so @key{RET} is sufficient.} | |
931 | |
932 @kbd{to} @r{Replies to the sender, plus all recipients in the} | |
933 @r{@samp{To:} header field.} | |
934 | |
935 @kbd{all} | |
936 @kbd{cc} @r{Forms a reply to the sender, plus all recipients.} | |
937 @end group | |
938 @end example | |
939 | |
940 @cindex @code{repl} | |
941 @cindex MH commands, @code{repl} | |
942 | |
943 Depending on your answer, @code{repl} is given a different argument to | |
944 form your reply. Specifically, a choice of @kbd{from} or none at all | |
945 runs @code{repl -nocc all}, and a choice of @kbd{to} runs @code{repl -cc | |
946 to}. Finally, either @kbd{cc} or @kbd{all} runs @code{repl -cc all | |
947 -nocc me}. | |
948 | |
949 @cindex MH-Letter mode | |
950 @cindex modes, MH-Letter | |
951 | |
952 Two windows are then created. One window contains the message to which | |
953 you are replying. Your draft, in MH-Letter mode (described in | |
954 @ref{Draft Editing}), is in the other window. | |
955 | |
956 If you wish to customize the header or other parts of the reply draft, | |
957 please see @code{repl}(1) and @code{mh-format}(5). | |
958 | |
959 @node Forwarding, Redistributing, Replying, Sending Mail | |
960 @subsection Forwarding Mail | |
961 | |
962 @cindex forwarding | |
963 @cindex @code{forw} | |
964 @cindex MH commands, @code{forw} | |
965 @findex @code{mh-forward} | |
966 | |
967 To forward a message, use the @kbd{f} (@code{mh-forward}) command. You | |
968 are given a draft to edit that looks like it would if you had run the MH | |
969 command @code{forw}. You are given a chance to add some text (see | |
970 @ref{Draft Editing}). | |
971 | |
972 You can forward several messages by using a prefix argument; in this | |
973 case, you are prompted for the name of a @dfn{sequence}, a symbolic name | |
974 that represents a list or range of message numbers (for example, | |
975 @kbd{C-u f forbob @key{RET}}). All of the messages in the sequence are | |
976 inserted into your draft. By the way, although sequences are often | |
977 mentioned in this chapter, you don't have to worry about them for now; | |
978 the full description of sequences in mh-e is at the end in | |
979 @ref{Sequences}. To learn more about sequences in general, please see | |
980 @code{mh-sequence}(5). | |
981 | |
982 @node Redistributing, Old Drafts, Forwarding, Sending Mail | |
983 @subsection Redistributing Your Mail | |
984 | |
985 @cindex redistributing | |
986 @findex @code{mh-redistribute} | |
987 | |
988 The command @kbd{M-d} (@code{mh-redistribute}) is similar in function to | |
989 forwarding mail, but it does not allow you to edit the message, nor does | |
990 it add your name to the @samp{From:} header field. It appears to the | |
991 recipient as if the message had come from the original sender. For more | |
992 information on redistributing messages, see @code{dist}(1). Also | |
993 investigate the @kbd{M-a} (@code{mh-edit-again}) command in @ref{Old | |
994 Drafts}, for another way to redistribute messages. | |
995 | |
996 @node Old Drafts, , Redistributing, Sending Mail | |
997 @subsection Editing Old Drafts and Bounced Messages | |
998 | |
999 @cindex re-editing drafts | |
1000 @cindex @file{draft} | |
1001 @cindex files, @file{draft} | |
1002 @findex @code{mh-edit-again} | |
1003 | |
1004 If you don't complete a draft for one reason or another, and if the | |
1005 draft buffer is no longer available, you can pick your draft up again | |
1006 with @kbd{M-a} (@code{mh-edit-again}). If you don't use a draft folder, | |
1007 your last @file{draft} file will be used. If you use draft folders, | |
1008 you'll need to visit the draft folder with @kbd{M-f drafts @key{RET}}, | |
1009 use @kbd{n} to move to the appropriate message, and then use @kbd{M-a} | |
1010 to prepare the message for editing. | |
1011 | |
1012 The @kbd{M-a} command can also be used to take messages that were sent | |
1013 to you and to send them to more people. | |
1014 | |
1015 @cindex Mailer-Daemon | |
1016 @findex @code{mh-extract-rejected-mail} | |
1017 | |
1018 Don't use @kbd{M-a} to re-edit a message from a @i{Mailer-Daemon} who | |
1019 complained that your mail wasn't posted for some reason or another. In | |
1020 this case, use @kbd{M-e} (@code{mh-extract-rejected-mail}) to prepare | |
1021 the message for editing by removing the @i{Mailer-Daemon} envelope and | |
1022 unneeded header fields. Fix whatever addressing problem you had, and | |
1023 send the message again with @kbd{C-c C-c}. | |
1024 | |
1025 @node Draft Editing, Moving Mail, Sending Mail, Using mh-e | |
1026 @section Editing a Draft | |
1027 | |
1028 @cindex editing draft | |
1029 @cindex MH-Letter mode | |
1030 @cindex modes, MH-Letter | |
1031 | |
1032 When you edit a message that you want to send (called a @dfn{draft} in | |
1033 this case), the mode used is MH-Letter. This mode provides | |
1034 several commands in addition to the normal Emacs editing commands to | |
1035 help you edit your draft. | |
1036 | |
1037 @table @kbd | |
1038 @item C-c C-y | |
1039 Insert contents of message to which you're replying (@code{mh-yank-cur-msg}). | |
1040 | |
1041 @item C-c C-i | |
1042 Insert a message from a folder (@code{mh-insert-letter}). | |
1043 | |
1044 @item C-c C-f C-t | |
1045 Move to @samp{To:} header field (@code{mh-to-field}). | |
1046 | |
1047 @item C-c C-f C-c | |
1048 Move to @samp{cc:} header field (@code{mh-to-field}). | |
1049 | |
1050 @item C-c C-f C-s | |
1051 Move to @samp{Subject:} header field (@code{mh-to-field}). | |
1052 | |
1053 @item C-c C-f C-f | |
1054 Move to @samp{From:} header field (@code{mh-to-field}). | |
1055 | |
1056 @item C-c C-f C-b | |
1057 Move to @samp{Bcc:} header field (@code{mh-to-field}). | |
1058 | |
1059 @item C-c C-f C-f | |
1060 Move to @samp{Fcc:} header field (@code{mh-to-fcc}). | |
1061 | |
1062 @item C-c C-f C-d | |
1063 Move to @samp{Dcc:} header field (@code{mh-to-field}). | |
1064 | |
1065 @item C-c C-w | |
1066 Display expanded recipient list (@code{mh-check-whom}). | |
1067 | |
1068 @item C-c C-s | |
1069 Insert signature in message (@code{mh-insert-signature}). | |
1070 | |
1071 @item C-c C-m C-f | |
1072 Include forwarded message (@sc{mime}) (@code{mh-mhn-compose-forw}). | |
1073 | |
1074 @item C-c C-m C-e | |
1075 Include anonymous ftp reference (@sc{mime}) (@code{mh-mhn-compose-anon-ftp}). | |
1076 | |
1077 @item C-c C-m C-t | |
1078 Include anonymous ftp reference to compressed tar file (@sc{mime}) | |
1079 (@code{mh-mhn-compose-external-compressed-tar}). | |
1080 | |
1081 @item C-c C-m C-i | |
1082 Include binary, image, sound, etc. (@sc{mime}) | |
1083 (@code{mh-mhn-compose-insertion}). | |
1084 | |
1085 @item C-c C-e | |
1086 Run through @code{mhn} before sending (@code{mh-edit-mhn}). | |
1087 | |
1088 @item C-c C-m C-u | |
1089 Undo effects of @code{mhn} (@code{mh-revert-mhn-edit}). | |
1090 | |
1091 @item C-c C-c | |
1092 Save draft and send message (@code{mh-send-letter}). | |
1093 | |
1094 @item C-c C-q | |
1095 Quit editing and delete draft message (@code{mh-fully-kill-draft}). | |
1096 @end table | |
1097 | |
1098 @menu | |
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1099 * Editing Textual:: |
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1100 * Editing MIME:: |
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1101 * Sending Message:: |
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1102 * Killing Draft:: |
25829 | 1103 @end menu |
1104 | |
1105 @node Editing Textual, Editing MIME, Draft Editing, Draft Editing | |
1106 @subsection Editing Textual Messages | |
1107 | |
1108 The following sections show you how to edit a draft. | |
1109 The commands described here are also applicable to messages that have | |
1110 multimedia components. | |
1111 | |
1112 @menu | |
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1113 * Inserting Letter:: |
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1114 * Inserting Messages:: |
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1115 * Header:: |
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1116 * Recipients:: |
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1117 * Signature:: |
25829 | 1118 @end menu |
1119 | |
1120 @node Inserting Letter, Inserting Messages, Editing Textual, Editing Textual | |
1121 @subsubsection Inserting letter to which you're replying | |
1122 | |
1123 @cindex inserting messages | |
1124 @findex @code{mh-yank-cur-msg} | |
1125 | |
1126 It is often useful to insert a snippet of text from a letter that | |
1127 someone mailed to provide some context for your reply. The command | |
1128 @kbd{C-c C-y} (@code{mh-yank-cur-msg}) does this by yanking a portion of | |
1129 text from the message to which you're replying and inserting @samp{> } | |
1130 before each line. | |
1131 | |
1132 @cindex mark | |
1133 @cindex Emacs, mark | |
1134 @cindex point | |
1135 @cindex Emacs, point | |
1136 @cindex region | |
1137 @cindex Emacs, region | |
1138 | |
1139 You can control how much text is included when you run this command. If | |
1140 you run this command right away, without entering the buffer containing | |
1141 the message to you, this command will yank the entire message, as is, | |
1142 into your reply. @footnote{If you'd rather have the header cleaned up, | |
1143 use @kbd{C-u r} instead of @kbd{r} when replying (see @ref{Replying}).} | |
1144 If you enter the buffer containing the message sent to you and move the | |
1145 cursor to a certain point and return to your reply and run @kbd{C-c | |
1146 C-y}, then the text yanked will range from that point to the end of the | |
1147 message. Finally, the most common action you'll perform is to enter the | |
1148 message sent to you, move the cursor to the beginning of a paragraph or | |
1149 phrase, set the @dfn{mark} with @kbd{C-SPC} or @kbd{C-@@}, and move the | |
1150 cursor to the end of the paragraph or phrase. The cursor position is | |
1151 called the @dfn{point}, and the space between the mark and point is | |
1152 called the @dfn{region}. Having done that, @kbd{C-c C-y} will insert | |
1153 the region you selected. | |
1154 | |
1155 @node Inserting Messages, Header, Inserting Letter, Editing Textual | |
1156 @subsubsection Inserting messages | |
1157 | |
1158 @cindex inserting messages | |
1159 @findex @code{mh-insert-letter} | |
1160 | |
1161 Messages can be inserted with @kbd{C-c C-i} (@code{mh-insert-letter}). | |
1162 This command prompts you for the folder and message number and inserts | |
1163 the message, indented by @samp{> }. Certain undesirable header fields | |
1164 are removed before insertion. If given a prefix argument (like @kbd{C-u | |
1165 C-c C-i}), the header is left intact, the message is not indented, and | |
1166 @samp{> } is not inserted before each line. | |
1167 | |
1168 @node Header, Recipients, Inserting Messages, Editing Textual | |
1169 @subsubsection Editing the header | |
1170 | |
1171 @cindex editing header | |
1172 @findex @code{mh-to-field} | |
1173 | |
1174 Because the header is part of the message, you can edit the header | |
1175 fields as you wish. However, several convenience functions exist to | |
1176 help you create and edit them. For example, the command @kbd{C-c C-f | |
1177 C-t} (@code{mh-to-field}; alternatively, @kbd{C-c C-f t}) moves the | |
1178 cursor to the @samp{To:} header field, creating it if necessary. The | |
1179 functions to move to the @samp{cc:}, @samp{Subject:}, @samp{From:}, | |
1180 @samp{Bcc:}, and @samp{Dcc:} header fields are similar. | |
1181 | |
1182 @findex @code{mh-to-fcc} | |
1183 | |
1184 One function behaves differently from the others, namely, @kbd{C-c C-f | |
1185 C-f} (@code{mh-to-fcc}; alternatively, @kbd{C-c C-f f}). This function | |
1186 will prompt you for the folder name in which to file a copy of the draft. | |
1187 | |
1188 Be sure to leave a row of dashes or a blank line between the header and | |
1189 the body of the message. | |
1190 | |
1191 @node Recipients, Signature, Header, Editing Textual | |
1192 @subsubsection Checking recipients | |
1193 | |
1194 @cindex checking recipients | |
1195 @cindex @code{whom} | |
1196 @cindex MH commands, @code{whom} | |
1197 @findex @code{mh-check-whom} | |
1198 | |
1199 The @kbd{C-c C-w} (@code{mh-check-whom}) command expands aliases so you | |
1200 can check the actual address(es) in the alias. A new buffer is created | |
1201 with the output of @code{whom}. | |
1202 | |
1203 @node Signature, , Recipients, Editing Textual | |
1204 @subsubsection Inserting your signature | |
1205 | |
1206 @cindex inserting signature | |
1207 @cindex signature | |
1208 @cindex @file{.signature} | |
1209 @cindex files, @file{.signature} | |
1210 @findex @code{mh-insert-signature} | |
1211 | |
1212 You can insert your signature at the current cursor location with the | |
1213 @kbd{C-c C-s} (@code{mh-insert-signature}) command. The text of your | |
1214 signature is taken from the file @file{~/.signature}. | |
1215 | |
1216 @node Editing MIME, Sending Message, Editing Textual, Draft Editing | |
1217 @subsection Editing Multimedia Messages | |
1218 | |
1219 @cindex MIME | |
1220 @cindex multimedia mail | |
1221 @cindex @code{mhn} | |
1222 @cindex MH commands, @code{mhn} | |
1223 | |
1224 mh-e has the capability to create multimedia messages. It uses the | |
1225 @sc{mime} (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) protocol. The | |
1226 @sc{mime} protocol allows you to incorporate images, sound, video, | |
1227 binary files, and even commands that fetch a file with @samp{ftp} when | |
1228 your recipient reads the message! If you were to create a multimedia | |
1229 message with plain MH commands, you would use @code{mhn}. Indeed, the | |
1230 mh-e @sc{mime} commands merely insert @code{mhn} directives which are | |
1231 later expanded by @code{mhn}. | |
1232 | |
1233 Each of the mh-e commands for editing multimedia messages or for | |
1234 incorporating multimedia objects is prefixed with @kbd{C-c C-m} . | |
1235 | |
1236 @cindex content types | |
1237 @cindex MIME, content types | |
1238 | |
1239 Several @sc{mime} objects are defined. They are called @dfn{content | |
1240 types}. The table in @ref{Customizing Draft Editing} contains a list of | |
1241 the content types that mh-e currently knows about. Several of the mh-e | |
1242 commands fill in the content type for you, whereas others require you to | |
1243 enter one. Most of the time, it should be obvious which one to use | |
1244 (e.g., use @kbd{image/jpeg} to include a @sc{jpeg} image). If not, you | |
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1245 can refer to @sc{rfc} 1521, |
25829 | 1246 @c Footnotes are very fragile. Hence the duplication. |
1247 @c The line break in the footnote was necessary since TeX wasn't creating one. | |
1248 @ifclear html | |
1249 @footnote{This @sc{rfc} (Request For Comments) is | |
1250 available via the @sc{url} @* | |
1251 @file{ftp://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc1521.txt}.} | |
1252 @end ifclear | |
1253 @ifset html | |
1254 @footnote{This @sc{rfc} (Request For Comments) is | |
1255 available via the @sc{url} @* | |
1256 @file{<A HREF="ftp://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc1521.txt">ftp://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc1521.txt</A>}.} | |
1257 @end ifset | |
1258 which defines the @sc{mime} protocol, for a list of valid content types. | |
1259 | |
1260 @cindex content description | |
1261 @cindex MIME, content description | |
1262 | |
1263 You are also sometimes asked for a @dfn{content description}. This is | |
1264 simply an optional brief phrase, in your own words, that describes the | |
1265 object. If you don't care to enter a content description, just press | |
1266 return and none will be included; however, a reader may skip over | |
1267 multimedia fields unless the content description is compelling. | |
1268 | |
1269 Remember: you can always add @code{mhn} directives by hand. | |
1270 | |
1271 @menu | |
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1272 * Forwarding MIME:: |
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1273 * FTP:: |
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1274 * Tar:: |
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1275 * Other MIME Objects:: |
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1276 * Sending MIME:: |
25829 | 1277 @end menu |
1278 | |
1279 @node Forwarding MIME, FTP, Editing MIME, Editing MIME | |
1280 @subsubsection Forwarding multimedia messages | |
1281 | |
1282 @findex @code{mh-mhn-compose-forw} | |
1283 | |
1284 Mail may be forwarded with @sc{mime} using the command @kbd{C-c C-m C-f} | |
1285 (@code{mh-mhn-compose-forw}). You are prompted for a content | |
1286 description, the name of the folder in which the messages to forward are | |
1287 located, and the messages' numbers. | |
1288 | |
1289 @node FTP, Tar, Forwarding MIME, Editing MIME | |
1290 @subsubsection Including an ftp reference | |
1291 | |
1292 @cindex @code{ftp} | |
1293 @cindex Unix commands, @code{ftp} | |
1294 @cindex MIME, @code{ftp} | |
1295 @findex @code{mh-mhn-compose-anon-ftp} | |
1296 | |
1297 You can even have your message initiate an @code{ftp} transfer when the | |
1298 recipient reads the message. To do this, use the @kbd{C-c C-m C-e} | |
1299 (@code{mh-mhn-compose-anon-ftp}) command. You are prompted for the | |
1300 remote host and pathname, the content type, and the content description. | |
1301 | |
1302 @node Tar, Other MIME Objects, FTP, Editing MIME | |
1303 @subsubsection Including tar files | |
1304 | |
1305 @cindex @code{tar} | |
1306 @cindex Unix commands, @code{tar} | |
1307 @cindex MIME, @code{tar} | |
1308 @cindex @code{ftp} | |
1309 @cindex Unix commands, @code{ftp} | |
1310 @cindex MIME, @code{ftp} | |
1311 @findex @code{mh-mhn-compose-external-compressed-tar} | |
1312 | |
1313 If the remote file (@pxref{FTP}) is a compressed tar file, you can use | |
1314 @kbd{C-c C-m C-t} (@code{mh-mhn-compose-external-compressed-tar}). | |
1315 Then, in addition to retrieving the file via anonymous @emph{ftp}, the | |
1316 file will also be uncompressed and untarred. You are prompted for the | |
1317 remote host and pathname and the content description. The pathname | |
1318 should contain at least one @samp{/} (slash), because the pathname is | |
1319 broken up into directory and name components. | |
1320 | |
1321 @node Other MIME Objects, Sending MIME, Tar, Editing MIME | |
1322 @subsubsection Including other multimedia objects | |
1323 | |
1324 @cindex images | |
1325 @cindex MIME, images | |
1326 @cindex sound | |
1327 @cindex MIME, sound | |
1328 @cindex video | |
1329 @cindex MIME, video | |
1330 @findex @code{mh-mhn-compose-insertion} | |
1331 | |
1332 Images, sound, and video can be inserted in your message with the | |
1333 @kbd{C-c C-m C-i} (@code{mh-mhn-compose-insertion}) command. You are | |
1334 prompted for the filename containing the object, the content type, and a | |
1335 content description of the object. | |
1336 | |
1337 @node Sending MIME, , Other MIME Objects, Editing MIME | |
1338 @subsubsection Readying multimedia messages for sending | |
1339 | |
1340 When you are finished editing a @sc{mime} message, it might look like this: | |
1341 | |
1342 @example | |
1343 @group | |
1344 @cartouche | |
1345 3 24Aug root received fax files on Wed Aug 24 11:00:13 | |
1346 4+ 24Aug To:wohler Test<<This is a test message to get the wh | |
1347 | |
1348 | |
1349 | |
1350 | |
1351 | |
1352 --%%-@{+inbox@} 4 msgs (1-4) (MH-Folder Show)--Bot------------------- | |
1353 To: wohler | |
1354 cc: | |
1355 Subject: Test of MIME | |
1356 -------- | |
1357 #@@application/octet-stream [Nonexistent ftp test file] \ | |
1358 access-type=anon-ftp; site=berzerk.com; name=panacea.tar.gz; \ | |
1359 directory="/pub/" | |
1360 #audio/basic [Test sound bite] /tmp/noise.au | |
1361 --**-@{draft@} (MH-Letter)--All-------------------------------------- | |
1362 | |
1363 @end cartouche | |
1364 @i{mh-e @sc{mime} draft} | |
1365 @end group | |
1366 @end example | |
1367 | |
1368 @cindex @code{mhn} | |
1369 @cindex MH commands, @code{mhn} | |
1370 @findex @code{mh-edit-mhn} | |
1371 | |
1372 The lines added by the previous commands are @code{mhn} directives and | |
1373 need to be converted to @sc{mime} directives before sending. This is | |
1374 accomplished by the command @kbd{C-c C-e} (@code{mh-edit-mhn}), which | |
1375 runs @code{mhn} on the message. The following screen shows what those | |
1376 commands look like in full @sc{mime} format. You can see why mail user | |
1377 agents are usually built to hide these details from the user. | |
1378 | |
1379 @example | |
1380 @group | |
1381 @cartouche | |
1382 To: wohler | |
1383 cc: | |
1384 Subject: Test of MIME | |
1385 MIME-Version: 1.0 | |
1386 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="----- =_aaaaaaaaaa0" | |
1387 Content-ID: <1623.777796162.0@@newt.com> | |
1388 | |
1389 ------- =_aaaaaaaaaa0 | |
1390 Content-Type: message/external-body; access-type="anon-ftp"; | |
1391 site="berzerk.com"; name="panacea.tar.gz"; directory="/pub/" | |
1392 | |
1393 Content-Type: application/octet-stream | |
1394 Content-ID: <1623.777796162.1@@newt.com> | |
1395 Content-Description: Nonexistent ftp test file | |
1396 | |
1397 ------- =_aaaaaaaaaa0 | |
1398 Content-Type: audio/basic | |
1399 Content-ID: <1623.777796162.2@@newt.com> | |
1400 Content-Description: Test sound bite | |
1401 Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 | |
1402 | |
1403 Q3JlYXRpdmUgVm9pY2UgRmlsZRoaAAoBKREBQh8AgwCAgH9/f35+fn59fX5+fn5+f39/f39/f3 | |
1404 f4B/f39/f39/f39/f39/f39+f39+f39/f39/f4B/f39/fn5/f39/f3+Af39/f39/gH9/f39/fn | |
1405 -----@{draft@} (MH-Letter)--Top-------------------------------------- | |
1406 | |
1407 @end cartouche | |
1408 @i{mh-e @sc{mime} draft ready to send} | |
1409 @end group | |
1410 @end example | |
1411 | |
1412 @findex @code{mh-revert-mhn-edit} | |
1413 | |
1414 This action can be undone by running @kbd{C-c C-m C-u} | |
1415 (@code{mh-revert-mhn-edit}). It does this by reverting to a backup | |
1416 file. You are prompted to confirm this action, but you can avoid the | |
1417 confirmation by adding an argument (for example, @kbd{C-u C-c C-m C-u}). | |
1418 | |
1419 @node Sending Message, Killing Draft, Editing MIME, Draft Editing | |
1420 @subsection Sending a Message | |
1421 | |
1422 @cindex sending mail | |
1423 @findex @code{mh-send-letter} | |
1424 | |
1425 When you are all through editing a message, you send it with the | |
1426 @kbd{C-c C-c} (@code{mh-send-letter}) command. You can give an argument | |
1427 (as in @kbd{C-u C-c C-c}) to monitor the first stage of the delivery. | |
1428 | |
1429 @node Killing Draft, , Sending Message, Draft Editing | |
1430 @subsection Killing the Draft | |
1431 | |
1432 @cindex killing draft | |
1433 @findex @code{mh-fully-kill-draft} | |
1434 | |
1435 If for some reason you are not happy with the draft, you can kill it | |
1436 instead with @kbd{C-c C-q} (@code{mh-fully-kill-draft}). Emacs then | |
1437 kills the draft buffer and deletes the draft message. | |
1438 | |
1439 @node Moving Mail, Searching, Draft Editing, Using mh-e | |
1440 @section Moving Your Mail Around | |
1441 | |
1442 @cindex processing mail | |
1443 | |
1444 This section covers how messages and folders can be moved about or | |
1445 manipulated. Messages may be incorporated into your @file{+inbox}, | |
1446 deleted, and refiled. Messages containing @code{shar} or | |
1447 @code{uuencode} output can be stored. Folders can be visited, sorted, | |
1448 packed, or deleted. Here's a list of the available commands to do these | |
1449 things: | |
1450 | |
1451 @c Stephen thinks that ? should be documented here, since it also shows | |
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1452 @c which folders a message will be refiled to. XXX |
25829 | 1453 |
1454 @table @kbd | |
1455 @item i | |
1456 Incorporate new mail into folder (@code{mh-inc-folder}). | |
1457 | |
1458 @item d | |
1459 Delete message (@code{mh-delete-msg}). | |
1460 | |
1461 @item C-d | |
1462 Delete message, don't move to next message (@code{mh-delete-msg-no-motion}). | |
1463 | |
1464 @item M-s | |
1465 Find messages that meet search criteria (@code{mh-search-folder}). | |
1466 | |
1467 @item o | |
1468 Output (refile) message to folder (@code{mh-refile-msg}). | |
1469 | |
1470 @item c | |
1471 Copy message to folder (@code{mh-copy-msg}). | |
1472 | |
1473 @item C-o | |
1474 Output (write) message to file (@code{mh-write-msg-to-file}). | |
1475 | |
1476 @item ! | |
1477 Repeat last output command (@code{mh-refile-or-write-again}). | |
1478 | |
1479 @item l | |
1480 Print message with @code{lpr} (@code{mh-print-msg}). | |
1481 | |
1482 @item | | |
1483 Pipe message through shell command (@code{mh-pipe-msg}). | |
1484 | |
1485 @item M-n | |
1486 Unpack message created with @code{uudecode} or @code{shar} | |
1487 (@code{mh-store-msg}). | |
1488 | |
1489 @item M-l | |
1490 List all folders (@code{mh-list-folders}). | |
1491 | |
1492 @item M-f | |
1493 Visit folder (@code{mh-visit-folder}). | |
1494 | |
1495 @item M-r | |
1496 Regenerate scan lines (@code{mh-rescan-folder}). | |
1497 | |
1498 @item M-x mh-sort-folder | |
1499 Sort folder. | |
1500 | |
1501 @item M-p | |
1502 Pack folder (@code{mh-pack-folder}). | |
1503 | |
1504 @item M-k | |
1505 Remove folder (@code{mh-kill-folder}). | |
1506 | |
1507 @item x | |
1508 Execute pending refiles and deletes (@code{mh-execute-commands}). | |
1509 | |
1510 @item u | |
1511 Undo pending refile or delete (@code{mh-undo}). | |
1512 | |
1513 @item M-u | |
1514 Undo all pending refiles and deletes (@code{mh-undo-folder}). | |
1515 | |
1516 @item q | |
1517 Quit (@code{mh-quit}). | |
1518 @end table | |
1519 | |
1520 @menu | |
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1521 * Incorporating:: |
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1522 * Deleting:: |
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1523 * Organizing:: |
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1524 * Printing:: |
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1525 * Files and Pipes:: |
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1526 * Finishing Up:: |
25829 | 1527 @end menu |
1528 | |
1529 @node Incorporating, Deleting, Moving Mail, Moving Mail | |
1530 @subsection Incorporating Your Mail | |
1531 | |
1532 @cindex incorporating | |
1533 @findex @code{mh-inc-folder} | |
1534 | |
1535 If at any time you receive new mail, incorporate the new mail into your | |
1536 @samp{+inbox} buffer with @kbd{i} (@code{mh-inc-folder}). Note that | |
1537 @kbd{i} will display the @samp{+inbox} buffer, even if there isn't any | |
1538 new mail. You can incorporate mail from any file into the current | |
1539 folder by specifying a prefix argument; you'll be prompted for the name | |
1540 of the file to use (for example, @kbd{C-u i ~/mbox @key{RET}}). | |
1541 | |
1542 @cindex Emacs, notification of new mail | |
1543 @cindex notification of new mail | |
1544 @cindex new mail | |
1545 @cindex @file{.emacs} | |
1546 @cindex files, @file{.emacs} | |
1547 | |
1548 Emacs can notify you when you have new mail by displaying @samp{Mail} in | |
1549 the mode line. To enable this behavior, and to have a clock in the mode | |
1550 line besides, add the following to @file{~/.emacs}: | |
1551 | |
1552 @findex @code{display-time} | |
1553 | |
1554 @lisp | |
1555 (display-time) | |
1556 @end lisp | |
1557 | |
1558 @node Deleting, Organizing, Incorporating, Moving Mail | |
1559 @subsection Deleting Your Mail | |
1560 | |
1561 @cindex deleting | |
1562 @findex @code{mh-delete-msg} | |
1563 @findex @code{mh-delete-msg-no-motion} | |
1564 | |
1565 To mark a message for deletion, use the @kbd{d} (@code{mh-delete-msg}) | |
1566 command. A @samp{D} is placed by the message in the scan window, and | |
1567 the next message is displayed. If the previous command had been | |
1568 @kbd{p}, then the next message displayed is the message previous to the | |
1569 message just deleted. If you specify a prefix argument, you will be | |
1570 prompted for a sequence (@pxref{Sequences}) to delete (for example, | |
1571 @kbd{C-u d frombob RET}). The @kbd{x} command actually carries out the | |
1572 deletion (@pxref{Finishing Up}). @kbd{C-d} | |
1573 (@code{mh-delete-msg-no-motion}) marks the message for deletion but | |
1574 leaves the cursor at the current message in case you wish to perform | |
1575 other operations on the message. | |
1576 | |
1577 @node Organizing, Printing, Deleting, Moving Mail | |
1578 @subsection Organizing Your Mail with Folders | |
1579 | |
1580 @cindex using folders | |
1581 @cindex @code{folder} | |
1582 @cindex MH commands, @code{folder} | |
1583 @cindex @code{refile} | |
1584 @cindex MH commands, @code{refile} | |
1585 @findex @code{mh-refile-msg} | |
1586 | |
1587 mh-e has analogies for each of the MH @code{folder} and @code{refile} | |
1588 commands. To refile a message in another folder, use the @kbd{o} | |
1589 (@code{mh-refile-msg}) (mnemonic: ``output'') command. You are prompted | |
1590 for the folder name. | |
1591 | |
1592 @findex @code{mh-refile-or-write-again} | |
1593 | |
1594 If you are refiling several messages into the same folder, you can use | |
1595 the @kbd{!} (@code{mh-refile-or-write-again}) command to repeat the last | |
1596 refile or write (see the description of @kbd{C-o} in @ref{Files and | |
1597 Pipes}). Or, place the messages into a sequence (@ref{Sequences}) and | |
1598 specify a prefix argument to @kbd{o}, in which case you'll be prompted | |
1599 for the name of the sequence (for example, @kbd{C-u o search RET}). | |
1600 | |
1601 @findex @code{mh-copy-msg} | |
1602 | |
1603 If you wish to copy a message to another folder, you can use the @kbd{c} | |
1604 (@code{mh-copy-msg}) command (see the @code{-link} argument to | |
1605 @code{refile}(1)). You are prompted for a folder, and you can specify a | |
1606 prefix argument if you want to copy a sequence into another folder. In | |
1607 this case, you are then prompted for the sequence. Note that unlike the | |
1608 @kbd{o} command, the copy takes place immediately. The original copy | |
1609 remains in the current folder. | |
1610 | |
1611 @findex @code{mh-visit-folder} | |
1612 | |
1613 When you want to read the messages that you have refiled into folders, | |
1614 use the @kbd{M-f} (@code{mh-visit-folder}) command to visit the folder. | |
1615 You are prompted for the folder name. | |
1616 | |
1617 @findex @code{mh-list-folders} | |
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1618 @findex @code{mh-kill-folder} |
25829 | 1619 @findex @code{mh-visit-folder} |
1620 @findex @code{mh-sort-folder} | |
1621 @findex @code{mh-pack-folder} | |
1622 @findex @code{mh-rescan-folder} | |
1623 | |
1624 Other commands you can perform on folders include: @kbd{M-l} | |
1625 (@code{mh-list-folders}), to list all the folders in your mail | |
1626 directory; @kbd{M-k} (@code{mh-kill-folder}), to remove a folder; | |
1627 @kbd{M-x mh-sort-folder}, to sort the messages by date (see | |
1628 @code{sortm}(1) to see how to sort by other criteria); @kbd{M-p} | |
1629 (@code{mh-pack-folder}), to pack a folder, removing gaps from the | |
1630 numbering sequence; and @kbd{M-r} (@code{mh-rescan-folder}), to rescan | |
1631 the folder, which is useful to grab all messages in your @file{+inbox} | |
1632 after processing your new mail for the first time. If you don't want to | |
1633 rescan the entire folder, give @kbd{M-r} or @kbd{M-p} a prefix argument | |
1634 and you'll be prompted for a range of messages to display (for instance, | |
1635 @kbd{C-u M-r last:50 RET}). | |
1636 | |
1637 @node Printing, Files and Pipes, Organizing, Moving Mail | |
1638 @subsection Printing Your Mail | |
1639 | |
1640 @cindex printing | |
1641 @cindex @code{mhl} | |
1642 @cindex MH commands, @code{mhl} | |
1643 @cindex @code{lpr} | |
1644 @cindex Unix commands, @code{lpr} | |
1645 @findex @code{mh-print-msg} | |
1646 | |
1647 Printing mail is simple. Enter @kbd{l} (@code{mh-print-msg}) (for | |
1648 @i{l}ine printer or @i{l}pr). The message is formatted with @code{mhl} | |
1649 and printed with the @code{lpr} command. You can print all the messages | |
1650 in a sequence by specifying a prefix argument, in which case you are | |
1651 prompted for the name of the sequence (as in @kbd{C-u l frombob RET}). | |
1652 | |
1653 @node Files and Pipes, Finishing Up, Printing, Moving Mail | |
1654 @subsection Files and Pipes | |
1655 | |
1656 @cindex using files | |
1657 @cindex using pipes | |
1658 @findex @code{mh-write-msg-to-file} | |
1659 | |
1660 mh-e does offer a couple of commands that are not a part of MH@. The | |
1661 first one, @kbd{C-o} (@code{mh-write-msg-to-file}), writes a message to | |
1662 a file (think of the @kbd{o} as in "output"). You are prompted for the | |
1663 filename. If the file already exists, the message is appended to it. | |
1664 You can also write the message to the file without the header by | |
1665 specifying a prefix argument (such as @kbd{C-u C-o /tmp/foobar RET}). | |
1666 Subsequent writes to the same file can be made with the @kbd{!} | |
1667 command. | |
1668 | |
1669 @findex @code{mh-pipe-msg} | |
1670 | |
1671 You can also pipe the message through a Unix shell command with the | |
1672 @kbd{|} (@code{mh-pipe-msg}) command. You are prompted for the | |
1673 Unix command through which you wish to run your message. If you | |
1674 give an argument to this command, the message header is included in the | |
1675 text passed to the command (the contrived example @kbd{C-u | lpr} | |
1676 would be done with the @kbd{l} command instead). | |
1677 | |
1678 @cindex @code{shar} | |
1679 @cindex Unix commands, @code{shar} | |
1680 @cindex @code{uuencode} | |
1681 @cindex Unix commands, @code{uuencode} | |
1682 @findex @code{mh-store-msg} | |
1683 | |
1684 If the message is a shell archive @code{shar} or has been run through | |
1685 @code{uuencode} use @kbd{M-n} (@code{mh-store-msg}) to extract the body | |
1686 of the message. The default directory for extraction is the current | |
1687 directory, and you have a chance to specify a different extraction | |
1688 directory. The next time you use this command, the default directory is | |
1689 the last directory you used. | |
1690 | |
1691 @node Finishing Up, , Files and Pipes, Moving Mail | |
1692 @subsection Finishing Up | |
1693 | |
1694 @cindex expunging refiles and deletes | |
1695 @findex @code{mh-undo} | |
1696 @findex @code{mh-undo-folder} | |
1697 | |
1698 If you've deleted a message or refiled it, but changed your mind, you | |
1699 can cancel the action before you've executed it. Use @kbd{u} | |
1700 (@code{mh-undo}) to undo a refile on or deletion of a single message. | |
1701 You can also undo refiles and deletes for messages that belong to a | |
1702 given sequence by specifying a prefix argument. You'll be prompted for | |
1703 the name of the sequence (as in @kbd{C-u u frombob RET}). | |
1704 Alternatively, you can use @kbd{M-u} (@code{mh-undo-folder}) to undo all | |
1705 refiles or deletes in the current folder. | |
1706 | |
1707 @findex @code{mh-execute-commands} | |
1708 | |
1709 If you've marked messages to be deleted or refiled and you want to go | |
1710 ahead and delete or refile the messages, use @kbd{x} | |
1711 (@code{mh-execute-commands}). Many mh-e commands that may affect the | |
1712 numbering of the messages (such as @kbd{M-r} or @kbd{M-p}) will ask if you | |
1713 want to process refiles or deletes first and then either run @kbd{x} for | |
1714 you or undo the pending refiles and deletes, which are lost. | |
1715 | |
1716 @findex @code{mh-rmail} | |
1717 @findex @code{mh-quit} | |
1718 | |
1719 When you want to quit using mh-e and go back to editing, you can use the | |
1720 @kbd{q} (@code{mh-quit}) command. This buries the buffers of the | |
1721 current mh-e folder and restores the buffers that were present when you | |
1722 first ran @kbd{M-x mh-rmail}. You can later restore your mh-e session | |
1723 by selecting the @samp{+inbox} buffer or by running @kbd{M-x mh-rmail} | |
1724 again. | |
1725 | |
1726 @node Searching, Sequences, Moving Mail, Using mh-e | |
1727 @section Searching Through Messages | |
1728 | |
1729 @cindex searching | |
1730 @findex @code{mh-search-folder} | |
1731 | |
1732 You can search a folder for messages to or from a particular person or | |
1733 about a particular subject. In fact, you can also search for messages | |
1734 containing selected strings in any arbitrary header field or any string | |
1735 found within the messages. Use the @kbd{M-s} (@code{mh-search-folder}) | |
1736 command. You are first prompted for the name of the folder to search | |
1737 and then placed in the following buffer in MH-Pick mode: | |
1738 | |
1739 @example | |
1740 @group | |
1741 @cartouche | |
1742 From: # | |
1743 To: | |
1744 Cc: | |
1745 Date: | |
1746 Subject: | |
1747 -------- | |
1748 | |
1749 | |
1750 | |
1751 | |
1752 | |
1753 | |
1754 | |
1755 | |
1756 | |
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1757 --**-Emacs: pick-pattern (MH-Pick)------All-------------------------- |
25829 | 1758 |
1759 @end cartouche | |
1760 @i{Pick window} | |
1761 @end group | |
1762 @end example | |
1763 | |
1764 @cindex @code{pick} | |
1765 @cindex MH commands, @code{pick} | |
1766 | |
1767 Edit this template by entering your search criteria in an appropriate | |
1768 header field that is already there, or create a new field yourself. If | |
1769 the string you're looking for could be anywhere in a message, then place | |
1770 the string underneath the row of dashes. The @kbd{M-s} command uses the | |
1771 MH command @code{pick} to do the real work, so read @code{pick}(1) to | |
1772 find out more about how to enter the criteria. | |
1773 | |
1774 There are no semantics associated with the search criteria---they are | |
1775 simply treated as strings. Case is ignored when all lowercase is used, | |
1776 and regular expressions (a la @code{ed}) are available. It is all right | |
1777 to specify several search criteria. What happens then is that a logical | |
1778 @emph{and} of the various fields is performed. If you prefer a logical | |
1779 @emph{or} operation, run @kbd{M-s} multiple times. | |
1780 | |
1781 As an example, let's say that we want to find messages from Ginnean | |
1782 about horseback riding in the Kosciusko National Park (Australia) during | |
1783 January, 1994. Normally we would start with a broad search and narrow | |
1784 it down if necessary to produce a manageable amount of data, but we'll | |
1785 cut to the chase and create a fairly restrictive set of criteria as | |
1786 follows: | |
1787 | |
1788 @example | |
1789 @group | |
1790 From: ginnean | |
1791 To: | |
1792 Cc: | |
1793 Date: Jan 1994 | |
1794 Subject: horse.*kosciusko | |
1795 -------- | |
1796 @end group | |
1797 @end example | |
1798 | |
1799 @findex @code{mh-to-field} | |
1800 | |
1801 As with MH-Letter mode, MH-Pick provides commands like | |
1802 @kbd{C-c C-f C-t} to help you fill in the blanks. | |
1803 | |
1804 @table @kbd | |
1805 @item C-c C-f C-t | |
1806 Move to @samp{To:} header field (@code{mh-to-field}). | |
1807 | |
1808 @item C-c C-f C-c | |
1809 Move to @samp{cc:} header field (@code{mh-to-field}). | |
1810 | |
1811 @item C-c C-f C-s | |
1812 Move to @samp{Subject:} header field (@code{mh-to-field}). | |
1813 | |
1814 @item C-c C-f C-f | |
1815 Move to @samp{From:} header field (@code{mh-to-field}). | |
1816 | |
1817 @item C-c C-f C-b | |
1818 Move to @samp{Bcc:} header field (@code{mh-to-field}). | |
1819 | |
1820 @item C-c C-f C-f | |
1821 Move to @samp{Fcc:} header field (@code{mh-to-field}). | |
1822 | |
1823 @item C-c C-f C-d | |
1824 Move to @samp{Dcc:} header field (@code{mh-to-field}). | |
1825 | |
1826 @item C-c C-c | |
1827 Execute the search (@code{mh-do-pick-search}). | |
1828 @end table | |
1829 | |
1830 @findex @code{mh-do-pick-search} | |
1831 | |
1832 To perform the search, type @kbd{C-c C-c} (@code{mh-do-pick-search}). | |
1833 The selected messages are placed in the @i{search} sequence, which you | |
1834 can use later in forwarding (@pxref{Forwarding}), printing | |
1835 (@pxref{Printing}), or narrowing your field of view (@pxref{Sequences}). | |
1836 Subsequent searches are appended to the @i{search} sequence. If, | |
1837 however, you wish to start with a clean slate, first delete the | |
1838 @i{search} sequence (how to do this is discussed in @ref{Sequences}). | |
1839 | |
1840 @cindex MH-Folder mode | |
1841 @cindex modes, MH-Folder | |
1842 | |
1843 If you're searching in a folder that is already displayed in a | |
1844 MH-Folder buffer, only those messages contained in the buffer are | |
1845 used for the search. Therefore, if you want to search in all messages, | |
1846 first kill the folder's buffer with @kbd{C-x k} or scan the entire | |
1847 folder with @kbd{M-r}. | |
1848 | |
1849 @node Sequences, Miscellaneous, Searching, Using mh-e | |
1850 @section Using Sequences | |
1851 | |
1852 @cindex sequences | |
1853 | |
1854 For the whole scoop on MH sequences, refer to @code{mh-sequence}(5). As | |
1855 you've read, several of the mh-e commands can operate on a sequence, | |
1856 which is a shorthand for a range or group of messages. For example, you | |
1857 might want to forward several messages to a friend or colleague. Here's | |
1858 how to manipulate sequences. | |
1859 | |
1860 @table @kbd | |
1861 @item % | |
1862 Put message in a sequence (@code{mh-put-msg-in-seq}). | |
1863 | |
1864 @item ? | |
1865 Display sequences that message belongs to (@code{mh-msg-is-in-seq}). | |
1866 | |
1867 @item M-q | |
1868 List all sequences in folder (@code{mh-list-sequences}). | |
1869 | |
1870 @item M-% | |
1871 Remove message from sequence (@code{mh-delete-msg-from-seq}). | |
1872 | |
1873 @item M-# | |
1874 Delete sequence (@code{mh-delete-seq}). | |
1875 | |
1876 @item C-x n | |
1877 Restrict display to messages in sequence (@code{mh-narrow-to-seq}). | |
1878 | |
1879 @item C-x w | |
1880 Remove restriction; display all messages (@code{mh-widen}). | |
1881 | |
1882 @item M-x mh-update-sequences | |
1883 Push mh-e's state out to MH@. | |
1884 @end table | |
1885 | |
1886 @cindex @code{pick} | |
1887 @cindex MH commands, @code{pick} | |
1888 @findex @code{mh-put-msg-in-seq} | |
1889 | |
1890 To place a message in a sequence, use @kbd{%} (@code{mh-put-msg-in-seq}) | |
1891 to do it manually, or use the MH command @code{pick} or the mh-e version | |
1892 of @code{pick} (@ref{Searching}) which create a sequence automatically. | |
1893 Give @kbd{%} a prefix argument and you can add all the messages in one | |
1894 sequence to another sequence (for example, @kbd{C-u % SourceSequence | |
1895 RET}). | |
1896 | |
1897 @cindex MH-Folder mode | |
1898 @cindex modes, MH-Folder | |
1899 @findex @code{mh-narrow-to-seq} | |
1900 @findex @code{mh-widen} | |
1901 | |
1902 Once you've placed some messages in a sequence, you may wish to narrow | |
1903 the field of view to just those messages in the sequence you've created. | |
1904 To do this, use @kbd{C-x n} (@code{mh-narrow-to-seq}). You are prompted | |
1905 for the name of the sequence. What this does is show only those | |
1906 messages that are in the selected sequence in the MH-Folder buffer. In | |
1907 addition, it limits further mh-e searches to just those messages. When | |
1908 you want to widen the view to all your messages again, use @kbd{C-x w} | |
1909 (@code{mh-widen}). | |
1910 | |
1911 @findex @code{mh-msg-is-in-seq} | |
1912 @findex @code{mh-list-sequences} | |
1913 | |
1914 You can see which sequences a message is in with the @kbd{?} | |
1915 (@code{mh-msg-is-in-seq}) command. | |
1916 @c Doesn't work: | |
1917 @c use a prefix argument to query a | |
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1918 @c message other than the current one (as in @kbd{C-u ? 42 RET}). XXX |
25829 | 1919 Or, you can list all sequences in a selected folder (default is current |
1920 folder) with @kbd{M-q} (@code{mh-list-sequences}). | |
1921 | |
1922 @findex @code{mh-delete-msg-from-seq} | |
1923 @findex @code{mh-delete-seq} | |
1924 | |
1925 If you want to remove a message from a sequence, use @kbd{M-%} | |
1926 (@code{mh-delete-msg-from-seq}), and if you want to delete an entire | |
1927 sequence, use @kbd{M-#} (@code{mh-delete-seq}). In the latter case you | |
1928 are prompted for the sequence to delete. Note that this deletes only | |
1929 the sequence, not the messages in the sequence. If you want to delete | |
1930 the messages, use @kbd{C-u d} (see @ref{Deleting} above). | |
1931 | |
1932 @cindex @code{mark} | |
1933 @cindex MH commands, @code{mark} | |
1934 | |
1935 @findex @code{mh-update-sequences} | |
1936 | |
1937 Two sequences are maintained internally by mh-e and pushed out to MH | |
1938 when you type either the @kbd{x} or @kbd{q} command. They are the | |
1939 sequence specified by your @samp{Unseen-Sequence:} profile entry and | |
1940 @i{cur}. However, you can also just update MH's state with the command | |
1941 @kbd{M-x mh-update-sequences}. See @ref{Customizing Viewing} for an | |
1942 example of how this command might be used. | |
1943 | |
1944 With the exceptions of @kbd{C-x n} and @kbd{C-x w}, the underlying MH | |
1945 command dealing with sequences is @code{mark}. | |
1946 | |
1947 @node Miscellaneous, , Sequences, Using mh-e | |
1948 @section Miscellaneous Commands | |
1949 | |
1950 @findex @code{mh-version} | |
1951 | |
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1952 One other command worth noting is @kbd{M-x mh-version}. You can |
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1953 compare the version this command prints to the latest release |
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1954 (@pxref{Getting mh-e}). The output of @kbd{M-x mh-version} should |
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1955 always be included with any bug report you submit (@pxref{Bug Reports}). |
25829 | 1956 |
1957 @node Customizing mh-e, Odds and Ends, Using mh-e, Top | |
1958 @chapter Customizing mh-e | |
1959 | |
1960 Until now, we've talked about the mh-e commands as they work ``out of the | |
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1961 box.'' Of course, it is also possible to reconfigure mh-e |
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1962 to fit the needs of even the most demanding user. |
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1963 The following sections describe all of the |
25829 | 1964 customization variables, show the defaults, and make recommendations for |
1965 customization. The outline of this chapter is identical to that of | |
1966 @ref{Using mh-e}, to make it easier to find the variables you'd need to | |
1967 modify to affect a particular command. | |
1968 | |
1969 However, when customizing your mail environment, first try to change | |
1970 what you want in MH, and only change mh-e if changing MH is not | |
1971 possible. That way you will get the same behavior inside and outside | |
1972 GNU Emacs. Note that mh-e does not provide hooks for customizations | |
1973 that can be done in MH; this omission is intentional. | |
1974 | |
1975 @cindex @file{.emacs} | |
1976 @cindex files, @file{.emacs} | |
1977 | |
1978 Many string or integer variables are easy enough to modify using Emacs | |
1979 Lisp. Any such modifications should be placed in a file called | |
1980 @file{.emacs} in your home directory (that is, @file{~/.emacs}). For | |
1981 example, to modify the variable that controls printing, you could add: | |
1982 | |
1983 @vindex @code{mh-lpr-command-format}, example | |
1984 | |
1985 @lisp | |
1986 (setq mh-lpr-command-format "nenscript -G -r -2 -i'%s'") | |
1987 @end lisp | |
1988 | |
1989 @ref{Customizing Printing} talks more about this variable. | |
1990 | |
1991 @cindex setting variables | |
1992 @cindex Emacs, setting variables | |
1993 | |
1994 Variables can also hold Boolean values. In Emacs Lisp, the Boolean | |
1995 values are @code{nil}, which means false, and @code{t}, which means true. | |
1996 Usually, variables are turned off by setting their value to @code{nil}, as | |
1997 in | |
1998 | |
1999 @vindex @code{mh-bury-show-buffer}, example | |
2000 | |
2001 @lisp | |
2002 (setq mh-bury-show-buffer nil) | |
2003 @end lisp | |
2004 | |
2005 which keeps the MH-Show buffer at the top of the buffer stack. | |
2006 To turn a variable on, you use | |
2007 | |
2008 @lisp | |
2009 (setq mh-bury-show-buffer t) | |
2010 @end lisp | |
2011 | |
2012 which places the MH-Show buffer at the bottom of the buffer | |
2013 stack. However, the text says to turn on a variable by setting it to a | |
2014 @emph{non-@code{nil}} value, because sometimes values other than @code{t} are | |
2015 meaningful (for example, see @code{mhl-formfile}, described in | |
2016 @ref{Customizing Viewing}). Other variables, such as hooks, involve a | |
2017 little more Emacs Lisp programming expertise. | |
2018 | |
2019 You can also ``preview'' the effects of changing variables before | |
2020 committing the changes to @file{~/.emacs}. Variables can be changed in | |
2021 the current Emacs session by using @kbd{M-x set-variable}. | |
2022 | |
2023 @c XXX Stephen says: would be easier to just call them functions, which | |
2024 @c you mostly do. | |
2025 In general, @dfn{commands} in this text refer to Emacs Lisp functions. | |
2026 Programs outside of Emacs are specifically called MH commands, shell | |
2027 commands, or Unix commands. | |
2028 | |
2029 @cindex Emacs, Emacs Lisp manual | |
2030 @cindex Emacs, online help | |
2031 @cindex online help | |
2032 @cindex Emacs, info | |
2033 @cindex info | |
2034 | |
2035 I hope I've included enough examples here to get you well on your way. | |
2036 If you want to explore Emacs Lisp further, a programming manual does | |
2037 exist, | |
2038 @c Yes, some of the stuff in the following sections is redundant, but | |
2039 @c TeX barfs if the @ifs are inside the @footnote. | |
2040 @iftex | |
2041 @footnote{The @cite{GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual} may be available | |
2042 online in the Info system by typing @kbd{C-h i m Emacs Lisp RET}. If | |
2043 not, you can order a printed manual, which has the desirable side-effect | |
2044 of helping to support the Free Software Foundation which made all this | |
2045 great software available. You can find an order form by running | |
2046 @kbd{C-h C-d}, or you can request an order form from | |
2047 @i{gnu@@gnu.org}.} | |
2048 @end iftex | |
2049 @ifinfo | |
2050 @footnote{Perhaps you can find the online version of @ref{Top, The GNU | |
2051 Emacs Lisp Reference Manual, , elisp, GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}. | |
2052 If not, you can order a printed manual, which has the desirable | |
2053 side-effect of helping to support the Free Software Foundation which | |
2054 made all this great software available. You can find an order form by | |
2055 running @kbd{C-h C-d}, or you can request an order form from | |
2056 @i{gnu@@gnu.org}.} | |
2057 @end ifinfo | |
2058 and you can look at the code itself for examples. Look in the Emacs | |
2059 Lisp directory on your system (such as @file{/usr/local/lib/emacs/lisp}) | |
2060 and find all the @file{mh-*.el} files there. When calling mh-e and | |
2061 other Emacs Lisp functions directly from Emacs Lisp code, you'll need to | |
2062 know the correct arguments. Use the online help for this. For example, | |
2063 try @kbd{C-h f mh-execute-commands RET}. If you write your own | |
2064 functions, please do not prefix your symbols (variables and functions) | |
2065 with @code{mh-}. This prefix is reserved for the mh-e package. To | |
2066 avoid conflicts with existing mh-e symbols, use a prefix like @code{my-} | |
2067 or your initials. | |
2068 | |
2069 @menu | |
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2070 * Customizing Reading:: |
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2071 * Customizing Sending:: |
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2072 * Customizing Draft Editing:: |
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2073 * Customizing Moving Mail:: |
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2074 * Customizing Searching:: |
25829 | 2075 @end menu |
2076 | |
2077 @node Customizing Reading, Customizing Sending, Customizing mh-e, Customizing mh-e | |
2078 @section Reading Your Mail | |
2079 | |
2080 @cindex reading mail | |
2081 @cindex @file{.emacs} | |
2082 @cindex files, @file{.emacs} | |
2083 | |
2084 I'll start out by including a function that I use as a front end to | |
2085 mh-e. @footnote{Stephen Gildea's favorite binding is | |
2086 @kbd{(global-set-key "\C-cr" 'mh-rmail)}.} It toggles between your | |
2087 working window configuration, which may be quite involved---windows | |
2088 filled with source, compilation output, man pages, and other | |
2089 documentation---and your mh-e window configuration. Like the rest of | |
2090 the customization described in this chapter, simply add the following | |
2091 code to @file{~/.emacs}. Don't be intimidated by the size of this | |
2092 example; most customizations are only one line. | |
2093 | |
2094 @iftex | |
2095 @filbreak | |
2096 @end iftex | |
2097 | |
2098 @findex @code{mh-rmail}, example | |
2099 | |
2100 @lisp | |
2101 @group | |
2102 @i{Starting mh-e} | |
2103 | |
2104 (defvar my-mh-screen-saved nil | |
2105 "Set to non-@code{nil} when mh-e window configuration shown.") | |
2106 (defvar my-normal-screen nil "Normal window configuration.") | |
2107 (defvar my-mh-screen nil "mh-e window configuration.") | |
2108 | |
2109 (defun my-mh-rmail (&optional arg) | |
2110 "Toggle between mh-e and normal screen configurations. | |
2111 With non-@code{nil} or prefix argument, @i{inc} mailbox as well | |
2112 when going into mail." | |
2113 (interactive "P") ; @r{user callable function, P=prefix arg} | |
2114 (setq my-mh-screen-saved ; @r{save state} | |
2115 (cond | |
2116 ;; @r{Bring up mh-e screen if arg or normal window configuration.} | |
2117 ;; @r{If arg or +inbox buffer doesn't exist, run mh-rmail.} | |
2118 ((or arg (null my-mh-screen-saved)) | |
2119 (setq my-normal-screen (current-window-configuration)) | |
2120 (if (or arg (null (get-buffer "+inbox"))) | |
2121 (mh-rmail) | |
2122 (set-window-configuration my-mh-screen)) | |
2123 t) ; @r{set my-mh-screen-saved to @code{t}} | |
2124 ;; @r{Otherwise, save mh-e screen and restore normal screen.} | |
2125 (t | |
2126 (setq my-mh-screen (current-window-configuration)) | |
2127 (set-window-configuration my-normal-screen) | |
2128 nil)))) ; @r{set my-mh-screen-saved to nil} | |
2129 | |
2130 (global-set-key "\C-x\r" 'my-mh-rmail) ;@r{ call with C-x RET} | |
2131 @end group | |
2132 @end lisp | |
2133 | |
2134 If you type an argument (@kbd{C-u}) or if @code{my-mh-screen-saved} | |
2135 is @code{nil} (meaning a non-mh-e window configuration), the current window | |
2136 configuration is saved, either +inbox is displayed or @code{mh-rmail} is | |
2137 run, and the mh-e window configuration is shown. Otherwise, the mh-e | |
2138 window configuration is saved and the original configuration is | |
2139 displayed. | |
2140 | |
2141 Now to configure mh-e. The following table lists general mh-e variables | |
2142 and variables that are used while reading mail. | |
2143 @c XXX Seth wishes the descriptions to be more parallel. That is, | |
2144 @c some are actions, and some are objects. Hmmm. | |
2145 | |
2146 @table @code | |
2147 @item mh-progs | |
2148 Directory containing MH programs (default: dynamic). | |
2149 | |
2150 @item mh-lib | |
2151 Directory containing MH support files and programs (default: dynamic). | |
2152 | |
2153 @item mh-do-not-confirm | |
2154 Don't confirm on non-reversible commands (default: @code{nil}). | |
2155 | |
2156 @item mh-summary-height | |
2157 Number of scan lines to show (includes mode line) (default: 4). | |
2158 | |
2159 @item mh-folder-mode-hook | |
2160 Functions to run in MH-Folder mode (default: @code{nil}). | |
2161 | |
2162 @item mh-clean-message-header | |
2163 Remove extraneous headers (default: @code{nil}). | |
2164 | |
2165 @item mh-invisible-headers | |
2166 Headers to hide (default: @samp{"^Received: \\| ^Message-Id: \\| | |
2167 ^Remailed-\\| ^Via: \\| ^Mail-from: \\| ^Return-Path: \\| ^In-Reply-To: | |
2168 \\| ^Resent-"}). | |
2169 | |
2170 @item mh-visible-headers | |
2171 Headers to display (default: @code{nil}). | |
2172 | |
2173 @item mhl-formfile | |
2174 Format file for @code{mhl} (default: @code{nil}). | |
2175 | |
2176 @item mh-show-hook | |
2177 Functions to run when showing message (default: @code{nil}). | |
2178 | |
2179 @item mh-show-mode-hook | |
2180 Functions to run when showing message (default: @code{nil}). | |
2181 | |
2182 @item mh-bury-show-buffer | |
2183 Leave show buffer at bottom of stack (default: @code{t}). | |
2184 | |
2185 @item mh-show-buffer-mode-line-buffer-id | |
2186 Name of show buffer in mode line (default: @samp{"@{show-%s@} %d"}). | |
2187 @end table | |
2188 | |
2189 @vindex @code{mh-progs} | |
2190 @vindex @code{mh-lib} | |
2191 | |
2192 The two variables @code{mh-progs} and @code{mh-lib} are used to tell | |
2193 mh-e where the MH programs and supporting files are kept, respectively. | |
2194 mh-e does try to figure out where they are kept for itself by looking in | |
2195 common places and in the user's @samp{PATH} environment variable, but if | |
2196 it cannot find the directories, or finds the wrong ones, you should set | |
2197 these variables. The name of the directory should be placed in double | |
2198 quotes, and there should be a | |
2199 trailing slash (@samp{/}). See the example in @ref{Getting Started}. | |
2200 | |
2201 @vindex @code{mh-do-not-confirm} | |
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2202 @findex @code{mh-kill-folder} |
25829 | 2203 |
2204 If you never make mistakes, and you do not like confirmations for your | |
2205 actions, you can set @code{mh-do-not-confirm} to a non-@code{nil} value to | |
2206 disable confirmation for unrecoverable commands such as @kbd{M-k} | |
2207 (@code{mh-kill-folder}) and @kbd{M-u} (@code{mh-undo-folder}). Here's | |
2208 how you set boolean values: | |
2209 | |
2210 @lisp | |
2211 (setq mh-do-not-confirm t) | |
2212 @end lisp | |
2213 | |
2214 @vindex @code{mh-summary-height} | |
2215 @cindex MH-Folder mode | |
2216 @cindex modes, MH-Folder | |
2217 | |
2218 @c Prevent page break between paragraph and example. | |
2219 @need 2000 | |
2220 The variable @code{mh-summary-height} controls the number of scan lines | |
2221 displayed in the MH-Folder window, including the mode line. The | |
2222 default value of 4 means that 3 scan lines are displayed. Here's how | |
2223 you set numerical values: | |
2224 | |
2225 @lisp | |
2226 (setq mh-summary-height 2) ; @r{only show the current scan line} | |
2227 @end lisp | |
2228 | |
2229 @vindex @code{mh-bury-show-buffer} | |
2230 @cindex MH-Folder mode | |
2231 @cindex modes, MH-Folder | |
2232 | |
2233 Normally the buffer for displaying messages is buried at the bottom at | |
2234 the buffer stack. You may wish to disable this feature by setting | |
2235 @code{mh-bury-show-buffer} to @code{nil}. One advantage of not burying the | |
2236 show buffer is that one can delete the show buffer more easily in an | |
2237 electric buffer list because of its proximity to its associated | |
2238 MH-Folder buffer. Try running @kbd{M-x electric-buffer-list} to | |
2239 see what I mean. | |
2240 | |
2241 @vindex @code{mh-folder-mode-hook} | |
2242 @cindex MH-Folder mode | |
2243 @cindex modes, MH-Folder | |
2244 | |
2245 The hook @code{mh-folder-mode-hook} is called when a new folder is | |
2246 created with MH-Folder mode. This could be used to set your own | |
2247 key bindings, for example: | |
2248 | |
2249 @vindex @code{mh-folder-mode-hook}, example | |
2250 | |
2251 @lisp | |
2252 @group | |
2253 @i{Create additional key bindings via mh-folder-mode-hook} | |
2254 | |
2255 (defvar my-mh-init-done nil "Non-@code{nil} when one-time mh-e settings made.") | |
2256 | |
2257 (defun my-mh-folder-mode-hook () | |
2258 "Hook to set key bindings in MH-Folder mode." | |
2259 (if (not my-mh-init-done) ; @r{only need to bind the keys once } | |
2260 (progn | |
2261 (local-set-key "/" 'search-msg) | |
2262 (local-set-key "b" 'mh-burst-digest) ; @r{better use of @kbd{b}} | |
2263 (setq my-mh-init-done t)))) | |
2264 | |
2265 ;;; @r{Emacs 19} | |
2266 (add-hook 'mh-folder-mode-hook 'my-mh-folder-mode-hook) | |
2267 ;;; @r{Emacs 18} | |
2268 ;;; @r{(setq mh-folder-mode-hook (cons 'my-mh-folder-mode-hook} | |
2269 ;;; @r{mh-folder-mode-hook))} | |
2270 | |
2271 (defun search-msg () | |
2272 "Search for a regexp in the current message." | |
2273 (interactive) ; @r{user function} | |
2274 (save-window-excursion | |
2275 (other-window 1) ; @r{go to next window} | |
2276 (isearch-forward-regexp))) ; @r{string search; hit return (ESC} | |
2277 ; @r{in Emacs 18) when done} | |
2278 @end group | |
2279 @end lisp | |
2280 | |
2281 @menu | |
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2282 * Customizing Viewing:: |
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2283 * Customizing Moving Around:: |
25829 | 2284 @end menu |
2285 | |
2286 @node Customizing Viewing, Customizing Moving Around, Customizing Reading, Customizing Reading | |
2287 @subsection Viewing Your Mail | |
2288 | |
2289 @vindex @code{mh-clean-message-header} | |
2290 @vindex @code{mh-invisible-headers} | |
2291 @vindex @code{mh-visible-headers} | |
2292 | |
2293 Several variables control what displayed messages look like. Normally | |
2294 messages are delivered with a handful of uninteresting header fields. | |
2295 You can make them go away by setting @code{mh-clean-message-header} to a | |
2296 non-@code{nil} value. The header can then be cleaned up in two ways. By | |
2297 default, the header fields in @code{mh-invisible-headers} are removed. | |
2298 On the other hand, you could set @code{mh-visible-headers} to the fields | |
2299 that you would like to see. If this variable is set, | |
2300 @code{mh-invisible-headers} is ignored. I suggest that you not set | |
2301 @code{mh-visible-headers} since if you use this variable, you might miss | |
2302 a lot of header fields that you'd rather not miss. As an example of how | |
2303 to set a string variable, @code{mh-visible-headers} can be set to show a | |
2304 minimum set of header fields (see (@ref{Regexps, , Syntax of Regular | |
2305 Expressions, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}, for a description of the | |
2306 special characters in this string): | |
2307 | |
2308 @lisp | |
2309 (setq mh-visible-headers "^From: \\|^Subject: \\|^Date: ") | |
2310 @end lisp | |
2311 | |
2312 @cindex @code{mhl} | |
2313 @cindex MH commands, @code{mhl} | |
2314 @vindex @code{mhl-formfile} | |
2315 | |
2316 Normally mh-e takes care of displaying messages itself (rather than | |
2317 calling an MH program to do the work). If you'd rather have @code{mhl} | |
2318 display the message (within mh-e), set the variable @code{mhl-formfile} | |
2319 to a non-@code{nil} value. You can set this variable either to @code{t} | |
2320 to use the default format file or to a filename if you have your own | |
2321 format file (@code{mhl}(1) tells you how to write one). When writing | |
2322 your own format file, use a nonzero value for @code{overflowoffset} to | |
2323 ensure the header is RFC 822 compliant and parsable by mh-e. | |
2324 @code{mhl} is always used for printing and forwarding; in this case, the | |
2325 value of @code{mhl-formfile} is consulted if it is a filename. | |
2326 | |
2327 @vindex @code{mh-show-mode-hook} | |
2328 | |
2329 Two hooks can be used to control how messages are displayed. The first | |
2330 hook, @code{mh-show-mode-hook}, is called early on in the process of | |
2331 displaying of messages. It is used to perform some actions on the | |
2332 contents of messages, such as highlighting the header fields. If you're | |
2333 running Emacs 19 under the X Window System, the following example will | |
2334 highlight the @samp{From:} and @samp{Subject:} header fields. This is a | |
2335 very nice feature indeed. | |
2336 | |
2337 @vindex @code{mh-show-mode-hook}, example | |
2338 | |
2339 @lisp | |
2340 @group | |
2341 @i{Emphasize header fields in different fonts via mh-show-mode-hook} | |
2342 | |
2343 (defvar my-mh-keywords | |
2344 '(("^From: \\(.*\\)" 1 'bold t) | |
2345 ("^Subject: \\(.*\\)" 1 'highlight t)) | |
2346 "mh-e additions for font-lock-keywords.") | |
2347 | |
2348 (defun my-mh-show-mode-hook () | |
2349 "Hook to turn on and customize fonts." | |
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2350 (font-lock-add-keywords nil my-mh-keywords)) |
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2351 |
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2352 (add-hook 'mh-show-mode-hook 'my-mh-show-mode-hook)) |
25829 | 2353 @end group |
2354 @end lisp | |
2355 | |
2356 @vindex @code{mh-show-hook} | |
2357 | |
2358 The second hook, @code{mh-show-hook}, is the last thing called after | |
2359 messages are displayed. It's used to affect the behavior of mh-e in | |
2360 general or when @code{mh-show-mode-hook} is too early. For example, if | |
2361 you wanted to keep mh-e in sync with MH, you could use | |
2362 @code{mh-show-hook} as follows: | |
2363 | |
2364 @vindex @code{mh-show-hook}, example | |
2365 | |
2366 @lisp | |
2367 (add-hook 'mh-show-hook 'mh-update-sequences) | |
2368 @end lisp | |
2369 | |
2370 @vindex @code{mh-show-buffer-mode-line-buffer-id} | |
2371 @cindex MH-Show mode | |
2372 @cindex modes, MH-Show | |
2373 | |
2374 The function @code{mh-update-sequences} is documented in @ref{Finishing | |
2375 Up}. For those who like to modify their mode lines, use | |
2376 @code{mh-show-buffer-mode-line-buffer-id} to modify the mode line in the | |
2377 MH-Show buffers. Place the two escape strings @samp{%s} and @samp{%d}, | |
2378 which will display the folder name and the message number, respectively, | |
2379 somewhere in the string in that order. The default value of | |
2380 @samp{"@{show-%s@} %d"} yields a mode line of | |
2381 | |
2382 @example | |
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2383 -----@{show-+inbox@} 4 (MH-Show)--Bot-------------------------------- |
25829 | 2384 @end example |
2385 | |
2386 @node Customizing Moving Around, , Customizing Viewing, Customizing Reading | |
2387 @subsection Moving Around | |
2388 | |
2389 @cindex moving between messages | |
2390 @cindex MH-Show mode | |
2391 @cindex modes, MH-Show | |
2392 @cindex MH-Folder mode | |
2393 @cindex modes, MH-Folder | |
2394 @vindex @code{mh-recenter-summary-p} | |
2395 | |
2396 When you use @kbd{t} (@code{mh-toggle-showing}) to toggle between show | |
2397 mode and scan mode, the MH-Show buffer is hidden and the | |
2398 MH-Folder buffer is left alone. Setting | |
2399 @code{mh-recenter-summary-p} to a non-@code{nil} value causes the toggle to | |
2400 display as many scan lines as possible, with the cursor at the middle. | |
2401 The effect of @code{mh-recenter-summary-p} is rather useful, but it can | |
2402 be annoying on a slow network connection. | |
2403 | |
2404 @node Customizing Sending, Customizing Draft Editing, Customizing Reading, Customizing mh-e | |
2405 @section Sending Mail | |
2406 | |
2407 @cindex sending mail | |
2408 | |
2409 You may wish to start off by adding the following useful key bindings to | |
2410 your @file{.emacs} file: | |
2411 | |
2412 @lisp | |
2413 (global-set-key "\C-xm" 'mh-smail) | |
2414 (global-set-key "\C-x4m" 'mh-smail-other-window) | |
2415 @end lisp | |
2416 | |
2417 In addition, several variables are useful when sending mail or replying | |
2418 to mail. They are summarized in the following table. | |
2419 | |
2420 @table @code | |
2421 @item mh-comp-formfile | |
2422 Format file for drafts (default: @samp{"components"}). | |
2423 | |
2424 @item mh-repl-formfile | |
2425 Format file for replies (default: @samp{"replcomps"}). | |
2426 | |
2427 @item mh-letter-mode-hook | |
2428 Functions to run in MH-Letter mode (default: @code{nil}). | |
2429 | |
2430 @item mh-compose-letter-function | |
2431 Functions to run when starting a new draft (default: @code{nil}). | |
2432 | |
2433 @item mh-reply-default-reply-to | |
2434 Whom reply goes to (default: @code{nil}). | |
2435 | |
2436 @item mh-forward-subject-format | |
2437 Format string for forwarded message subject (default: @samp{"%s: %s"}). | |
2438 | |
2439 @item mh-redist-full-contents | |
2440 @code{send} requires entire message (default: @code{nil}). | |
2441 | |
2442 @item mh-new-draft-cleaned-headers | |
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2443 Remove these header fields from re-edited draft. The default is: |
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2444 @example |
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2445 "^Date:\\| ^Received:\\| ^Message-Id:\\| ^From:\\| |
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2446 ^Sender:\\| ^Delivery-Date:\\| ^Return-Path:". |
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2447 @end example |
25829 | 2448 @end table |
2449 | |
2450 @cindex @code{comp} | |
2451 @cindex MH commands, @code{comp} | |
2452 @vindex @code{mh-comp-formfile} | |
2453 @cindex @file{components} | |
2454 @cindex files, @file{components} | |
2455 @cindex @code{repl} | |
2456 @cindex MH commands, @code{repl} | |
2457 @cindex @file{replcomps} | |
2458 @cindex files, @file{replcomps} | |
2459 @vindex @code{mh-repl-formfile} | |
2460 | |
2461 Since mh-e does not use @code{comp} to create the initial draft, you | |
2462 need to set @code{mh-comp-formfile} to the name of your components file | |
2463 if it isn't @file{components}. This is the name of the file that | |
2464 contains the form for composing messages. If it does not contain an | |
2465 absolute pathname, mh-e searches for the file first in your MH directory | |
2466 and then in the system MH library directory (such as | |
2467 @file{/usr/local/lib/mh}). Replies, on the other hand, are built using | |
2468 @code{repl}. You can change the location of the field file from the | |
2469 default of @file{replcomps} by modifying @code{mh-repl-formfile}. | |
2470 | |
2471 @vindex @code{mh-letter-mode-hook} | |
2472 @cindex @code{repl} | |
2473 @cindex MH commands, @code{repl} | |
2474 @cindex @file{components} | |
2475 @cindex files, @file{components} | |
2476 | |
2477 Two hooks are provided to run commands on your freshly created draft. | |
2478 The first hook, @code{mh-letter-mode-hook}, allows you to do some | |
2479 processing before editing a letter. For example, you may wish to modify | |
2480 the header after @code{repl} has done its work, or you may have a | |
2481 complicated @file{components} file and need to tell mh-e where the | |
2482 cursor should go. Here's an example of how you would use this hook---all | |
2483 of the other hooks are set in this fashion as well. | |
2484 | |
2485 @findex @code{mh-insert-signature}, example | |
2486 | |
2487 @lisp | |
2488 @group | |
2489 @i{Prepare draft for editing via mh-letter-mode-hook} | |
2490 | |
2491 (defvar letter-mode-init-done nil | |
2492 "Non-@code{nil} when one-time mh-e settings have made.") | |
2493 | |
2494 (defun my-mh-letter-mode-hook () | |
2495 "Hook to prepare letter for editing." | |
2496 (if (not letter-mode-init-done) ; @r{only need to bind the keys once} | |
2497 (progn | |
2498 (local-set-key "\C-ctb" 'add-enriched-text) | |
2499 (local-set-key "\C-cti" 'add-enriched-text) | |
2500 (local-set-key "\C-ctf" 'add-enriched-text) | |
2501 (local-set-key "\C-cts" 'add-enriched-text) | |
2502 (local-set-key "\C-ctB" 'add-enriched-text) | |
2503 (local-set-key "\C-ctu" 'add-enriched-text) | |
2504 (local-set-key "\C-ctc" 'add-enriched-text) | |
2505 (setq letter-mode-init-done t))) | |
2506 (setq fill-prefix " ") ; @r{I find indented text easier to read} | |
2507 (save-excursion | |
2508 (goto-char (point-max)) ; @r{go to end of message to} | |
2509 (mh-insert-signature))) ; @r{insert signature} | |
2510 | |
2511 (add-hook 'mh-letter-mode-hook 'my-mh-letter-mode-hook) | |
2512 @end group | |
2513 @end lisp | |
2514 | |
2515 The function, @code{add-enriched-text} is defined in the example in | |
2516 @ref{Customizing Editing MIME}. | |
2517 | |
2518 @vindex @code{mh-compose-letter-function} | |
2519 | |
2520 The second hook, a function really, is | |
2521 @code{mh-compose-letter-function}. Like @code{mh-letter-mode-hook}, it | |
2522 is called just before editing a new message; however, it is the last | |
2523 function called before you edit your message. The consequence of this | |
2524 is that you can write a function to write and send the message for you. | |
2525 This function is passed three arguments: the contents of the @samp{To:}, | |
2526 @samp{Subject:}, and @samp{cc:} header fields. | |
2527 | |
2528 @menu | |
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2529 * Customizing Replying:: |
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2530 * Customizing Forwarding:: |
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2531 * Customizing Redistributing:: |
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2532 * Customizing Old Drafts:: |
25829 | 2533 @end menu |
2534 | |
2535 @node Customizing Replying, Customizing Forwarding, Customizing Sending, Customizing Sending | |
2536 @subsection Replying to Mail | |
2537 | |
2538 @cindex replying | |
2539 @vindex @code{mh-reply-default-reply-to} | |
2540 | |
2541 If you find that most of the time that you specify @kbd{cc} when you | |
2542 reply to a message, set @code{mh-reply-default-reply-to} to @samp{cc}. | |
2543 This variable is normally set to @code{nil} so that you are prompted for | |
2544 the recipient of a reply. It can be set to one of @samp{from}, | |
2545 @samp{to}, or @samp{cc}; you are then no longer prompted for the | |
2546 recipient(s) of your reply. | |
2547 | |
2548 @node Customizing Forwarding, Customizing Redistributing, Customizing Replying, Customizing Sending | |
2549 @subsection Forwarding Mail | |
2550 | |
2551 @cindex forwarding | |
2552 @vindex @code{mh-forward-subject-format} | |
2553 | |
2554 When forwarding a message, the format of the @samp{Subject:} header | |
2555 field can be modified by the variable @code{mh-forward-subject-format}. | |
2556 This variable is a string which includes two escapes (@samp{%s}). The | |
2557 first @samp{%s} is replaced with the sender of the original message, and | |
2558 the second one is replaced with the original @samp{Subject:}. The | |
2559 default value of @samp{"%s: %s"} takes a message with the header: | |
2560 | |
2561 @example | |
2562 @group | |
2563 To: Bill Wohler <wohler@@newt.com> | |
2564 Subject: Re: 49er football | |
2565 From: Greg DesBrisay <gd@@cellnet.com> | |
2566 @end group | |
2567 @end example | |
2568 | |
2569 and creates a subject header field of: | |
2570 | |
2571 @example | |
2572 Subject: Greg DesBrisay: Re: 49er football | |
2573 @end example | |
2574 | |
2575 @node Customizing Redistributing, Customizing Old Drafts, Customizing Forwarding, Customizing Sending | |
2576 @subsection Redistributing Your Mail | |
2577 | |
2578 @cindex redistributing | |
2579 @vindex @code{mh-redist-full-contents} | |
2580 @cindex @code{dist} | |
2581 @cindex MH commands, @code{dist} | |
2582 @cindex @code{send} | |
2583 @cindex MH commands, @code{send} | |
2584 | |
2585 The variable @code{mh-redist-full-contents} must be set to non-@code{nil} if | |
2586 @code{dist} requires the whole letter for redistribution, which is the | |
2587 case if @code{send} is compiled with the @sc{berk} @footnote{To see which | |
2588 options your copy of MH was compiled with, use @kbd{M-x mh-version} | |
2589 (@ref{Miscellaneous}).} option (which many people abhor). If you find | |
2590 that MH will not allow you to redistribute a message that has been | |
2591 redistributed before, this variable should be set to @code{nil}. | |
2592 | |
2593 @node Customizing Old Drafts, , Customizing Redistributing, Customizing Sending | |
2594 @subsection Editing Old Drafts and Bounced Messages | |
2595 | |
2596 @cindex re-editing drafts | |
2597 @vindex @code{mh-new-draft-cleaned-headers} | |
2598 | |
2599 The header fields specified by @code{mh-new-draft-cleaned-headers} are | |
2600 removed from an old draft that has been recreated with @kbd{M-e} | |
2601 (@code{mh-extract-rejected-mail}) or @kbd{M-a} (@code{mh-edit-again}). | |
2602 If when you edit an old draft with these commands you find that there | |
2603 are header fields that you don't want included, you can append them to | |
2604 this variable. For example, | |
2605 | |
2606 @vindex @code{mh-new-draft-cleaned-headers}, example | |
2607 | |
2608 @lisp | |
2609 (setq mh-new-draft-cleaned-headers | |
2610 (concat mh-new-draft-cleaned-headers "\\|^Some-Field:")) | |
2611 @end lisp | |
2612 | |
2613 @cindex regular expressions | |
2614 | |
2615 This appends the regular expression @samp{\\|^Some-Field:} to the | |
2616 variable (@pxref{Regexps, , Syntax of Regular Expressions, emacs, The | |
2617 GNU Emacs Manual}). The @samp{\\|} means @emph{or}, and the @samp{^} | |
2618 (caret) matches the beginning of the line. This is done to be very | |
2619 specific about which fields match. The literal @samp{:} is appended for | |
2620 the same reason. | |
2621 | |
2622 @node Customizing Draft Editing, Customizing Moving Mail, Customizing Sending, Customizing mh-e | |
2623 @section Editing a Draft | |
2624 | |
2625 @cindex editing draft | |
2626 | |
2627 There are several variables used during the draft editing phase. | |
2628 Examples include changing the name of the file that holds your signature | |
2629 or telling mh-e about new multimedia types. They are: | |
2630 | |
2631 @table @code | |
2632 @item mh-yank-from-start-of-msg | |
2633 How to yank when region not set (default: @code{t}). | |
2634 | |
2635 @item mh-ins-buf-prefix | |
2636 Indent for yanked messages (default: @samp{"> "}). | |
2637 | |
2638 @item mail-citation-hook | |
2639 Functions to run on yanked messages (default: @code{nil}). | |
2640 | |
2641 @item mh-delete-yanked-msg-window | |
2642 Delete message window on yank (default: @code{nil}). | |
2643 | |
2644 @c Need the @* because otherwise TeX fills it wrong and complains | |
2645 @c about overfull hbox. | |
2646 @item mh-mime-content-types | |
2647 List of valid content types (default: @samp{'(("text/plain")@* | |
2648 ("text/richtext") ("multipart/mixed") ("multipart/alternative")@* | |
2649 ("multipart/digest") ("multipart/parallel") ("message/rfc822")@* | |
2650 ("message/partial") ("message/external-body")@* | |
2651 ("application/octet-stream") ("application/postscript")@* | |
2652 ("image/jpeg") ("image/gif") ("audio/basic") ("video/mpeg"))}). | |
2653 | |
2654 @item mh-mhn-args | |
2655 Additional arguments for @code{mhn} (default: @code{nil}). | |
2656 | |
2657 @item mh-signature-file-name | |
2658 File containing signature (default: @samp{"~/.signature"}). | |
2659 | |
2660 @item mh-before-send-letter-hook | |
2661 Functions to run before sending draft (default: @code{nil}). | |
2662 | |
2663 @item mh-send-prog | |
2664 MH program used to send messages (default: @samp{"send"}). | |
2665 @end table | |
2666 | |
2667 @menu | |
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2668 * Customizing Editing Textual:: |
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2669 * Customizing Editing MIME:: |
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2670 * Customizing Sending Message:: |
25829 | 2671 @end menu |
2672 | |
2673 @node Customizing Editing Textual, Customizing Editing MIME, Customizing Draft Editing, Customizing Draft Editing | |
2674 @subsection Editing Textual Messages | |
2675 | |
2676 The following two sections include variables that customize the way you | |
2677 edit a draft. The discussion here applies to editing multimedia | |
2678 messages as well. | |
2679 | |
2680 @menu | |
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2681 * Customizing Inserting Letter:: |
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2682 * Customizing Signature:: |
25829 | 2683 @end menu |
2684 | |
2685 @node Customizing Inserting Letter, Customizing Signature, Customizing Editing Textual, Customizing Editing Textual | |
2686 @subsubsection Inserting letter to which you're replying | |
2687 | |
2688 @cindex inserting messages | |
2689 @vindex @code{mh-yank-from-start-of-msg} | |
2690 @vindex @code{mh-ins-buf-prefix} | |
2691 @vindex @code{mail-citation-hook} | |
2692 @vindex @code{mh-ins-buf-prefix} | |
2693 @vindex @code{mh-delete-yanked-msg-window} | |
2694 | |
2695 To control how much of the message to which you are replying is yanked | |
2696 by @kbd{C-c C-y} (@code{mh-yank-cur-msg}) into your reply, modify | |
2697 @code{mh-yank-from-start-of-msg}. The default value of @code{t} means | |
2698 that the entire message is copied. If it is set to @code{'body} (don't | |
2699 forget the apostrophe), then only the message body is copied. If it is | |
2700 set to @code{nil}, only the part of the message following point (the | |
2701 current cursor position in the message's buffer) is copied. In any | |
2702 case, this variable is ignored if a region is set in the message you are | |
2703 replying to. The string contained in @code{mh-ins-buf-prefix} is | |
2704 inserted before each line of a message that is inserted into a draft | |
2705 with @kbd{C-c C-y} (@code{mh-yank-cur-msg}). I suggest that you not | |
2706 modify this variable. The default value of @samp{"> "} is the default | |
2707 string for many mailers and news readers: messages are far easier to | |
2708 read if several included messages have all been indented by the same | |
2709 string. The variable @code{mail-citation-hook} is @code{nil} by | |
2710 default, which means that when a message is inserted into the letter, | |
2711 each line is prefixed by @code{mh-ins-buf-prefix}. Otherwise, it can be | |
2712 set to a function that modifies an included | |
2713 @cindex Emacs, packages, supercite | |
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2714 citation. |
25829 | 2715 @c Footnotes are fragile; hence the redundancy. |
2716 @c TeX not inserting a line break; hence the @* | |
2717 @ifclear html | |
2718 @footnote{@emph{Supercite} is an example of a full-bodied, full-featured | |
2719 citation package. It is in Emacs versions 19.15 and later, and can be | |
2720 found via anonymous @code{ftp} on @samp{archive.cis.ohio-state.edu} in | |
2721 @* @file{/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages/sc3.1.tar.Z}} | |
2722 @end ifclear | |
2723 @ifset html | |
2724 @footnote{@emph{Supercite} is an example of a full-bodied, | |
2725 full-featured citation package. It is in Emacs versions 19.15 and | |
2726 later, and its @sc{url} is @* | |
2727 @file{<A HREF="ftp://archive.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages/sc3.1.tar.Z">ftp://archive.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages/sc3.1.tar.Z</A>}} | |
2728 @end ifset | |
2729 If you like to yank all the text from the message you're replying to in | |
2730 one go, set @code{mh-delete-yanked-msg-window} to non-@code{nil} to delete | |
2731 the window containing the original message after yanking it to make more | |
2732 room on your screen for your reply. | |
2733 | |
2734 @node Customizing Signature, , Customizing Inserting Letter, Customizing Editing Textual | |
2735 @subsubsection Inserting your signature | |
2736 | |
2737 @cindex inserting signature | |
2738 @cindex signature | |
2739 @vindex @code{mh-signature-file-name} | |
2740 @cindex @file{.signature} | |
2741 @cindex files, @file{.signature} | |
2742 | |
2743 You can change the name of the file inserted with @kbd{C-c C-s} | |
2744 (@code{mh-insert-signature}) by changing @code{mh-signature-file-name} | |
2745 (default: @file{"~/.signature"}). | |
2746 | |
2747 @node Customizing Editing MIME, Customizing Sending Message, Customizing Editing Textual, Customizing Draft Editing | |
2748 @subsection Editing Multimedia Messages | |
2749 | |
2750 @cindex MIME | |
2751 @cindex multimedia mail | |
2752 @vindex @code{mh-mime-content-types} | |
2753 | |
2754 The variable @code{mh-mime-content-types} contains a list of the | |
2755 currently valid content types. They are listed in the table in | |
2756 @ref{Customizing Draft Editing}. If you encounter a new content type, | |
2757 you can add it like this: | |
2758 | |
2759 @vindex @code{mh-mime-content-types}, example | |
2760 | |
2761 @lisp | |
2762 (setq mh-mime-content-types (append mh-mime-content-types | |
2763 '(("@var{new/type}")))) | |
2764 @end lisp | |
2765 | |
2766 Emacs macros can be used to insert enriched text directives like | |
2767 @samp{<bold>}. The following code will make, for example, @kbd{C-c t | |
2768 b} insert the @samp{<bold>} directive. | |
2769 | |
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2770 @smallexample |
25829 | 2771 @group |
2772 @i{Emacs macros for entering enriched text} | |
2773 | |
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2774 (defvar enriched-text-types '(("b" . "bold") ("i" . "italic") |
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2775 ("f" . "fixed") ("s" . "smaller") |
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2776 ("B" . "bigger") ("u" . "underline") |
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2777 ("c" . "center")) |
25829 | 2778 "Alist of (final-character . directive) choices for add-enriched-text. |
2779 Additional types can be found in RFC 1563.") | |
2780 | |
2781 (defun add-enriched-text (begin end) | |
2782 "Add enriched text directives around region. | |
2783 The directive used comes from the list enriched-text-types and is | |
2784 specified by the last keystroke of the command. When called from Lisp, | |
2785 arguments are BEGIN and END@." | |
2786 (interactive "r") | |
2787 ;; @r{Set type to the directive indicated by the last keystroke.} | |
2788 (let ((type (cdr (assoc (char-to-string (logior last-input-char ?@w{`})) | |
2789 enriched-text-types)))) | |
2790 (save-restriction ; @r{restores state from narrow-to-region} | |
2791 (narrow-to-region begin end) ; @r{narrow view to region} | |
2792 (goto-char (point-min)) ; @r{move to beginning of text} | |
2793 (insert "<" type ">") ; @r{insert beginning directive} | |
2794 (goto-char (point-max)) ; @r{move to end of text} | |
2795 (insert "</" type ">")))) ; @r{insert terminating directive} | |
2796 @end group | |
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2797 @end smallexample |
25829 | 2798 |
39268 | 2799 To use the function @code{add-enriched-text}, first create key bindings |
25829 | 2800 for it (@pxref{Customizing Sending}). Then, set the mark with |
2801 @kbd{C-@@} or @kbd{C-SPC}, type in the text to be highlighted, and type | |
2802 @kbd{C-c t b}. This adds @samp{<bold>} where you set the mark and | |
2803 adds @samp{</bold>} at the location of your cursor, giving you something | |
2804 like: @samp{You should be <bold>very</bold>}. You may also be | |
2805 interested in investigating @code{sgml-mode}. | |
2806 | |
2807 @menu | |
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2808 * Customizing Sending MIME:: |
25829 | 2809 @end menu |
2810 | |
2811 @node Customizing Sending MIME, , Customizing Editing MIME, Customizing Editing MIME | |
2812 @subsubsection Readying multimedia messages for sending | |
2813 | |
2814 @vindex @code{mh-mhn-args} | |
2815 | |
2816 If you wish to pass additional arguments to @code{mhn} to affect how it | |
2817 builds your message, use the variable @code{mh-mhn-args}. For example, | |
2818 you can build a consistency check into the message by setting | |
2819 @code{mh-mhn-args} to @code{-check}. The recipient of your message can | |
2820 then run @code{mhn -check} on the message---@code{mhn} will complain if | |
2821 the message has been corrupted on the way. The @kbd{C-c C-e} | |
2822 (@code{mh-mhn-edit}) command only consults this variable when given a | |
2823 prefix argument. | |
2824 | |
2825 @node Customizing Sending Message, , Customizing Editing MIME, Customizing Draft Editing | |
2826 @subsection Sending a Message | |
2827 | |
2828 @cindex sending mail | |
2829 @cindex spell check | |
2830 @vindex @code{mh-before-send-letter-hook} | |
2831 | |
2832 If you want to check your spelling in your message before sending, use | |
2833 @code{mh-before-send-letter-hook} like this: | |
2834 | |
2835 @i{Spell-check message via mh-before-send-letter-hook} | |
2836 | |
2837 @vindex @code{mh-before-send-letter-hook}, example | |
2838 | |
2839 @lisp | |
2840 (add-hook 'mh-before-send-letter-hook 'ispell-message) | |
2841 @end lisp | |
2842 | |
2843 @cindex @code{send} | |
2844 @cindex MH commands, @code{send} | |
2845 @vindex @code{mh-send-prog} | |
2846 | |
2847 In case the MH @code{send} program is installed under a different name, | |
2848 use @code{mh-send-prog} to tell mh-e the name. | |
2849 | |
2850 @node Customizing Moving Mail, Customizing Searching, Customizing Draft Editing, Customizing mh-e | |
2851 @section Moving Your Mail Around | |
2852 | |
2853 @cindex processing mail | |
2854 | |
2855 If you change the name of some of the MH programs or have your own | |
2856 printing programs, the following variables can help you. | |
2857 They are described in detail in the subsequent sections. | |
2858 | |
2859 @table @code | |
2860 @item mh-inc-prog | |
2861 Program to incorporate mail (default: @samp{"inc"}). | |
2862 | |
2863 @item mh-inc-folder-hook | |
2864 Functions to run when incorporating mail (default: @code{nil}). | |
2865 | |
2866 @item mh-delete-msg-hook | |
2867 Functions to run when deleting messages (default: @code{nil}). | |
2868 | |
2869 @item mh-print-background | |
2870 Print in foreground or background (default: @code{nil}). | |
2871 | |
2872 @item mh-lpr-command-format | |
2873 Command used to print (default: @samp{"lpr -J '%s'"}). | |
2874 | |
2875 @item mh-default-folder-for-message-function | |
2876 Function to generate a default folder (default: @code{nil}). | |
2877 | |
2878 @item mh-auto-folder-collect | |
2879 Collect folder names in background at startup (default: @code{t}). | |
2880 | |
2881 @item mh-recursive-folders | |
2882 Collect nested folders (default: @code{nil}). | |
2883 | |
2884 @item mh-refile-msg-hook | |
2885 Functions to run when refiling message (default: @code{nil}). | |
2886 | |
2887 @item mh-store-default-directory | |
2888 Default directory for storing files created by @code{uuencode} or @code{shar} | |
2889 (default: @code{nil}). | |
2890 | |
2891 @item mh-sortm-args | |
2892 Additional arguments for @code{sortm} (default: @code{nil}). | |
2893 | |
2894 @item mh-scan-prog | |
2895 Program to scan messages (default: @samp{"scan"}). | |
2896 | |
2897 @item mh-before-quit-hook | |
2898 Functions to run before quitting (default: @code{nil}). See also | |
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2899 @code{mh-quit-hook}. |
25829 | 2900 |
2901 @item mh-quit-hook | |
2902 Functions to run after quitting (default: @code{nil}). See also | |
2903 @code{mh-before-quit-hook}. | |
2904 @end table | |
2905 | |
2906 @menu | |
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2907 * Customizing Incorporating:: |
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2908 * Customizing Deleting:: |
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2909 * Customizing Organizing:: |
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2910 * Customizing Printing:: |
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2911 * Customizing Files and Pipes:: |
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2912 * Customizing Finishing Up:: |
25829 | 2913 @end menu |
2914 | |
2915 @node Customizing Incorporating, Customizing Deleting, Customizing Moving Mail, Customizing Moving Mail | |
2916 @subsection Incorporating Your Mail | |
2917 | |
2918 @cindex incorporating | |
2919 @vindex @code{mh-inc-prog} | |
2920 @cindex @code{inc} | |
2921 @cindex MH commands, @code{inc} | |
2922 @vindex @code{mh-progs} | |
2923 @vindex @code{mh-scan-prog} | |
2924 @vindex @code{mh-inc-folder-hook} | |
2925 | |
2926 The name of the program that incorporates new mail is stored in | |
2927 @code{mh-inc-prog}; it is @samp{"inc"} by default. This program | |
2928 generates a one-line summary for each of the new messages. Unless it is | |
2929 an absolute pathname, the file is assumed to be in the @code{mh-progs} | |
2930 directory. You may also link a file to @code{inc} that uses a different | |
2931 format (see @code{mh-profile}(5)). You'll then need to modify several | |
2932 variables appropriately; see @code{mh-scan-prog} below. You can set the | |
2933 hook @code{mh-inc-folder-hook}, which is called after new mail is | |
2934 incorporated by the @kbd{i} (@code{mh-inc-folder}) command. A good use | |
2935 of this hook is to rescan the whole folder either after running @kbd{M-x | |
2936 mh-rmail} the first time or when you've changed the message numbers from | |
2937 outside of mh-e. | |
2938 | |
2939 @findex @code{mh-execute-commands} | |
2940 @findex @code{mh-rescan-folder}, example | |
2941 @findex @code{mh-show}, example | |
2942 @vindex @code{mh-inc-folder-hook}, example | |
2943 | |
2944 @lisp | |
2945 @group | |
2946 @i{Rescan folder after incorporating new mail via mh-inc-folder-hook} | |
2947 | |
2948 (defun my-mh-inc-folder-hook () | |
2949 "Hook to rescan folder after incorporating mail." | |
2950 (if (buffer-modified-p) ; @r{if outstanding refiles and deletes,} | |
2951 (mh-execute-commands)) ; @r{carry them out} | |
2952 (mh-rescan-folder) ; @r{synchronize with +inbox} | |
2953 (mh-show)) ; @r{show the current message} | |
2954 | |
2955 (add-hook 'mh-inc-folder-hook 'my-mh-inc-folder-hook) | |
2956 @end group | |
2957 @end lisp | |
2958 | |
2959 @node Customizing Deleting, Customizing Organizing, Customizing Incorporating, Customizing Moving Mail | |
2960 @subsection Deleting Your Mail | |
2961 | |
2962 @cindex deleting | |
2963 @vindex @code{mh-delete-msg-hook} | |
2964 | |
2965 The hook @code{mh-delete-msg-hook} is called after you mark a message | |
2966 for deletion. For example, the current maintainer of mh-e used this | |
2967 once when he kept statistics on his mail usage. | |
2968 | |
2969 @node Customizing Organizing, Customizing Printing, Customizing Deleting, Customizing Moving Mail | |
2970 @subsection Organizing Your Mail with Folders | |
2971 | |
2972 @cindex using folders | |
2973 @vindex @code{mh-recursive-folders} | |
2974 @vindex @code{mh-auto-folder-collect} | |
2975 | |
2976 By default, operations on folders work only one level at a time. Set | |
2977 @code{mh-recursive-folders} to non-@code{nil} to operate on all folders. | |
2978 This mostly means that you'll be able to see all your folders when you | |
2979 press @key{TAB} when prompted for a folder name. The variable | |
2980 @code{mh-auto-folder-collect} is normally turned on to generate a list | |
2981 of folder names in the background as soon as mh-e is loaded. Otherwise, | |
2982 the list is generated when you need a folder name the first time (as | |
2983 with @kbd{o} (@code{mh-refile-msg})). If you have a lot of folders and | |
2984 you have @code{mh-recursive-folders} set, this could take a while, which | |
2985 is why it's nice to do the folder collection in the background. | |
2986 | |
2987 @vindex @code{mh-default-folder-for-message-function} | |
2988 @findex @code{mh-refile-msg} | |
2989 @findex @code{mh-to-fcc} | |
2990 @cindex @file{.emacs} | |
2991 @cindex files, @file{.emacs} | |
2992 | |
2993 The function @code{mh-default-folder-for-message-function} is used by | |
2994 @kbd{o} (@code{mh-refile-msg}) and @kbd{C-c C-f C-f} (@code{mh-to-fcc}) | |
2995 to generate a default folder. The generated folder name should be a | |
2996 string with a @samp{+} before it. For each of my correspondents, I use the | |
2997 same name for both an alias and a folder. So, I wrote a function that | |
2998 takes the address in the @samp{From:} header field, finds it in my alias | |
2999 file, and returns the alias, which is used as a default folder name. | |
3000 This is the most complicated example given here, and it demonstrates | |
3001 several features of Emacs Lisp programming. You should be able to drop | |
3002 this into @file{~/.emacs}, however. If you use this to store messages | |
3003 in a subfolder of your Mail directory, you can modify the line that | |
3004 starts @samp{(format +%s...} and insert your subfolder after the folder | |
3005 symbol @samp{+}. | |
3006 @c Note for me: if I insert a new version, don't forget to remove the | |
3007 @c "a/" from the folder name. | |
3008 | |
3009 @iftex | |
3010 @filbreak | |
3011 @end iftex | |
3012 | |
3013 @vindex @code{mh-default-folder-for-message-function}, example | |
3014 @vindex @code{mh-user-path}, example | |
3015 | |
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3016 @smallexample |
25829 | 3017 @group |
3018 @i{Creating useful default folder for refiling via mh-default-folder-for-message-function} | |
3019 | |
3020 (defun my-mh-folder-from-address () | |
3021 "Determine folder name from address. | |
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3022 Takes the address in the From: header field, and returns its |
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3023 corresponding alias from the user's personal aliases file. Returns |
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3024 @code{nil} if the address was not found." |
25829 | 3025 (require 'rfc822) ; @r{for the rfc822 functions} |
3026 (search-forward-regexp "^From: \\(.*\\)") ; @r{grab header field contents} | |
3027 (save-excursion ; @r{save state} | |
3028 (let ((addr (car (rfc822-addresses ; @r{get address} | |
3029 (buffer-substring (match-beginning 1) | |
3030 (match-end 1))))) | |
3031 (buffer (get-buffer-create " *temp*")) ; @r{set local variables} | |
3032 folder) | |
3033 (set-buffer buffer) ; @r{jump to temporary buffer} | |
3034 (unwind-protect ; @r{run kill-buffer when done} | |
3035 (progn ; @r{function grouping construct} | |
3036 (insert-file-contents (expand-file-name "aliases" | |
3037 mh-user-path)) | |
3038 (goto-char (point-min)) ; @r{grab aliases file and go to start} | |
3039 (setq folder | |
3040 ;; @r{Search for the given address, even commented-out} | |
3041 ;; @r{addresses are found!} | |
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3042 ;; @r{The function search-forward-regexp sets values that} |
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3043 ;; @r{are later used by match-beginning and match-end.} |
25829 | 3044 (if (search-forward-regexp (format "^;*\\(.*\\):.*%s" |
3045 addr) nil t) | |
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3046 ;; @r{NOTE WELL: this is what the return value looks} |
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3047 ;; @r{like. You can modify the format string to match} |
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3048 ;; @r{your own Mail hierarchy.} |
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3049 (format "+%s" (buffer-substring |
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3050 (match-beginning 1) |
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3051 (match-end 1)))))) |
25829 | 3052 (kill-buffer buffer)) ; @r{get rid of our temporary buffer} |
3053 folder))) ; @r{function's return value} | |
3054 | |
3055 (setq mh-default-folder-for-message-function 'my-mh-folder-from-address) | |
3056 @end group | |
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3057 @end smallexample |
25829 | 3058 |
3059 @vindex @code{mh-refile-msg-hook} | |
3060 | |
3061 The hook @code{mh-refile-msg-hook} is called after a message is marked | |
3062 to be refiled. | |
3063 | |
3064 @vindex @code{mh-sortm-args} | |
3065 @cindex @code{sortm} | |
3066 @cindex MH commands, @code{sortm} | |
3067 @findex @code{mh-sort-folder} | |
3068 @cindex MH profile components, @code{sortm} | |
3069 @cindex @file{.mh_profile} | |
3070 @cindex files, @file{.mh_profile} | |
3071 | |
3072 The variable @code{mh-sortm-args} holds extra arguments to pass on to | |
3073 the @code{sortm} command. Note: this variable is only consulted when a | |
3074 prefix argument is given to @kbd{M-x mh-sort-folder}. It is used to | |
3075 override any arguments given in a @code{sortm:} entry in your MH profile | |
3076 (@file{~/.mh_profile}). | |
3077 | |
3078 @menu | |
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3079 * Customizing Scan Line Formats:: |
25829 | 3080 @end menu |
3081 | |
3082 @node Customizing Scan Line Formats, , Customizing Organizing, Customizing Organizing | |
3083 @subsubsection Scan line formatting | |
3084 | |
3085 @vindex @code{mh-scan-prog} | |
3086 @cindex @code{scan} | |
3087 @cindex MH commands, @code{scan} | |
3088 @vindex @code{mh-progs} | |
3089 | |
3090 The name of the program that generates a listing of one line per message | |
3091 is held in @code{mh-scan-prog} (default: @samp{"scan"}). Unless this | |
3092 variable contains an absolute pathname, it is assumed to be in the | |
3093 @code{mh-progs} directory. You may link another program to @code{scan} | |
3094 (see @code{mh-profile}(5)) to produce a different type of listing. | |
3095 | |
3096 If you change the format of the scan lines you'll need to tell mh-e how | |
3097 to parse the new format. As you see, quite a lot of variables are | |
3098 involved to do that. The first variable has to do with pruning out | |
3099 garbage. | |
3100 | |
3101 @table @code | |
3102 @item mh-valid-scan-line | |
3103 @vindex @code{mh-valid-scan-line} | |
3104 @cindex @code{inc} | |
3105 @cindex MH commands, @code{inc} | |
3106 @cindex @code{scan} | |
3107 @cindex MH commands, @code{scan} | |
3108 This regular expression describes a valid scan line. This is used to | |
3109 eliminate error messages that are occasionally produced by @code{inc} or | |
3110 @code{scan} (default: @samp{"^ *[0-9]"}). | |
3111 @end table | |
3112 | |
3113 Next, two variables control how the message numbers are parsed. | |
3114 | |
3115 @table @code | |
3116 | |
3117 @item mh-msg-number-regexp | |
3118 @vindex @code{mh-msg-number-regexp} | |
3119 This regular expression is used to extract the message number from a | |
3120 scan line. Note that the message number must be placed in quoted | |
3121 parentheses, (\\(...\\)), as in the default of @w{@samp{"^ | |
3122 *\\([0-9]+\\)"}}. | |
3123 | |
3124 @item mh-msg-search-regexp | |
3125 @vindex @code{mh-msg-search-regexp} | |
3126 Given a message number (which is inserted in @samp{%d}), this regular | |
3127 expression will match the scan line that it represents (default: | |
3128 @samp{"^[^0-9]*%d[^0-9]"}). | |
3129 @end table | |
3130 | |
3131 Finally, there are a slew of variables that control how mh-e marks up | |
3132 the scan lines. | |
3133 | |
3134 @table @code | |
3135 @item mh-cmd-note | |
3136 @vindex @code{mh-cmd-note} | |
3137 Number of characters to skip over before inserting notation (default: | |
3138 4). Note how it relates to the following regular expressions. | |
3139 | |
3140 @item mh-deleted-msg-regexp | |
3141 @vindex @code{mh-deleted-msg-regexp} | |
3142 This regular expression describes deleted messages (default: | |
3143 @samp{"^....D"}). See also @code{mh-note-deleted}. | |
3144 | |
3145 @item mh-refiled-msg-regexp | |
3146 @vindex @code{mh-refiled-msg-regexp} | |
3147 This regular expression describes refiled messages (default: | |
3148 @samp{"^....\\^"}). See also @code{mh-note-refiled}. | |
3149 | |
3150 @item mh-cur-scan-msg-regexp | |
3151 @vindex @code{mh-cur-scan-msg-regexp} | |
3152 This regular expression matches the current message (default: | |
3153 @samp{"^....\\+"}). See also @code{mh-note-cur}. | |
3154 | |
3155 @item mh-good-msg-regexp | |
3156 @vindex @code{mh-good-msg-regexp} | |
3157 This regular expression describes which messages should be shown when | |
3158 mh-e goes to the next or previous message. Normally, deleted or refiled | |
3159 messages are skipped over (default: @samp{"^....[^D^]"}). | |
3160 | |
3161 @item mh-note-deleted | |
3162 @vindex @code{mh-note-deleted} | |
3163 Messages that have been deleted to are marked by this string (default: | |
3164 @samp{"D"}). See also @code{mh-deleted-msg-regexp}. | |
3165 | |
3166 @item mh-note-refiled | |
3167 @vindex @code{mh-note-refiled} | |
3168 Messages that have been refiled are marked by this string (default: | |
3169 @samp{"^"}). See also @code{mh-refiled-msg-regexp}. | |
3170 | |
3171 @item mh-note-copied | |
3172 @vindex @code{mh-note-copied} | |
3173 Messages that have been copied are marked by this string (default: | |
3174 @samp{"C"}). | |
3175 | |
3176 @item mh-note-cur | |
3177 @vindex @code{mh-note-cur} | |
3178 The current message (in MH, not in mh-e) is marked by this string | |
3179 (default: @samp{"+"}). See also @code{mh-cur-scan-msg-regexp}. | |
3180 | |
3181 @item mh-note-repl | |
3182 @vindex @code{mh-note-repl} | |
3183 Messages that have been replied to are marked by this string (default: | |
3184 @samp{"-"}). | |
3185 | |
3186 @item mh-note-forw | |
3187 @vindex @code{mh-note-forw} | |
3188 Messages that have been forwarded are marked by this string (default: | |
3189 @samp{"F"}). | |
3190 | |
3191 @item mh-note-dist | |
3192 @vindex @code{mh-note-dist} | |
3193 Messages that have been redistributed are marked by this string | |
3194 (default: @samp{"R"}). | |
3195 | |
3196 @item mh-note-printed | |
3197 @vindex @code{mh-note-printed} | |
3198 Messages that have been printed are marked by this string (default: | |
3199 @samp{"P"}). | |
3200 | |
3201 @item mh-note-seq | |
3202 @vindex @code{mh-note-seq} | |
3203 Messages in a sequence are marked by this string (default: @samp{"%"}). | |
3204 @end table | |
3205 | |
3206 @node Customizing Printing, Customizing Files and Pipes, Customizing Organizing, Customizing Moving Mail | |
3207 @subsection Printing Your Mail | |
3208 | |
3209 @cindex printing | |
3210 @vindex @code{mh-print-background} | |
3211 @vindex @code{mh-lpr-command-format} | |
3212 @cindex @code{lpr} | |
3213 @cindex Unix commands, @code{lpr} | |
3214 | |
3215 Normally messages are printed in the foreground. If this is slow on | |
3216 your system, you may elect to set @code{mh-print-background} to | |
3217 non-@code{nil} to print in the background. If you do this, do not delete | |
3218 the message until it is printed or else the output may be truncated. | |
3219 The variable @code{mh-lpr-command-format} controls how the printing is | |
3220 actually done. The string can contain one escape, @samp{%s}, which is | |
3221 filled with the name of the folder and the message number and is useful | |
3222 for print job names. As an example, the default is @samp{"lpr -J | |
3223 '%s'"}. | |
3224 | |
3225 @node Customizing Files and Pipes, Customizing Finishing Up, Customizing Printing, Customizing Moving Mail | |
3226 @subsection Files and Pipes | |
3227 | |
3228 @cindex using files | |
3229 @cindex using pipes | |
3230 @findex @code{mh-store-msg} | |
3231 @vindex @code{mh-store-default-directory} | |
3232 | |
3233 The initial directory for the @code{mh-store-msg} command is held in | |
3234 @code{mh-store-default-directory}. Since I almost always run | |
3235 @code{mh-store-msg} on sources, I set it to my personal source directory | |
3236 like this: | |
3237 | |
3238 @vindex @code{mh-store-default-directory}, example | |
3239 | |
3240 @lisp | |
3241 (setq mh-store-default-directory (expand-file-name "~/src/")) | |
3242 @end lisp | |
3243 | |
3244 @findex @code{mh-store-buffer} | |
3245 @cindex @code{uuencode} | |
3246 @cindex Unix commands, @code{uuencode} | |
3247 @cindex @code{shar} | |
3248 @cindex Unix commands, @code{shar} | |
3249 | |
3250 Subsequent incarnations of @code{mh-store-msg} offer the last directory | |
3251 used as the default. By the way, @code{mh-store-msg} calls the Emacs | |
3252 Lisp function @code{mh-store-buffer}. I mention this because you can use | |
3253 it directly if you're editing a buffer that contains a file that has | |
3254 been run through @code{uuencode} or @code{shar}. For example, you can | |
3255 extract the contents of the current buffer in your home directory by | |
3256 typing @kbd{M-x mh-store-buffer @key{RET} ~ @key{RET}}. | |
3257 | |
3258 @node Customizing Finishing Up, , Customizing Files and Pipes, Customizing Moving Mail | |
3259 @subsection Finishing Up | |
3260 | |
3261 @cindex quitting | |
3262 @vindex @code{mh-before-quit-hook} | |
3263 @vindex @code{mh-quit-hook} | |
3264 @findex @code{mh-execute-commands} | |
3265 | |
3266 The two variables @code{mh-before-quit-hook} and @code{mh-quit-hook} are | |
3267 called by @kbd{q} (@code{mh-quit}). The former one is called before the | |
3268 quit occurs, so you might use it to perform any mh-e operations; you | |
3269 could perform some query and abort the quit or call | |
3270 @code{mh-execute-commands}, for example. The latter is not run in an | |
3271 mh-e context, so you might use it to modify the window setup. | |
3272 | |
3273 @node Customizing Searching, , Customizing Moving Mail, Customizing mh-e | |
3274 @section Searching Through Messages | |
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3275 |
25829 | 3276 @cindex searching |
3277 @vindex @code{mh-pick-mode-hook} | |
3278 @vindex @code{mh-partial-folder-mode-line-annotation} | |
3279 | |
3280 If you find that you do the same thing over and over when editing the | |
3281 search template, you may wish to bind some shortcuts to keys. This can | |
3282 be done with the variable @code{mh-pick-mode-hook}, which is called when | |
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3283 @kbd{M-s} (@code{mh-search-folder}) is run on a new pattern. |
25829 | 3284 |
3285 The string | |
3286 @code{mh-partial-folder-mode-line-annotation} is used to annotate the | |
3287 mode line when only a portion of the folder is shown. For example, this | |
3288 will be displayed after running @kbd{M-s} (@code{mh-search-folder}) to | |
3289 list messages based on some search criteria (see @ref{Searching}). The | |
3290 default annotation of @samp{"select"} yields a mode line that looks | |
3291 like: | |
3292 | |
3293 @example | |
3294 --%%-@{+inbox/select@} 2 msgs (2-3) (MH-Folder)--All----------------- | |
3295 @end example | |
3296 | |
3297 @node Odds and Ends, History, Customizing mh-e, Top | |
3298 @appendix Odds and Ends | |
3299 | |
3300 This appendix covers a few topics that don't fit elsewhere. Here I tell | |
3301 you how to report bugs and how to get on the mh-e mailing list. I also | |
3302 point out some additional sources of information. | |
3303 | |
3304 @menu | |
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3305 * Bug Reports:: |
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3306 * Mailing List:: |
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3307 * MH FAQ:: |
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3308 * Getting mh-e:: |
25829 | 3309 @end menu |
3310 | |
3311 @node Bug Reports, Mailing List, Odds and Ends, Odds and Ends | |
3312 @appendixsec Bug Reports | |
3313 | |
3314 @cindex bugs | |
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3315 @cindex Wohler, Bill |
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3316 @cindex SourceForge |
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3317 |
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3318 The current maintainer of mh-e is Bill Wohler |
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3319 <@i{wohler@@newt.com}>. Bug reports should be filed at |
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3320 @uref{https://sourceforge.net/bugs/?group_id=13357, SourceForge}. |
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3321 Please include the output of |
25829 | 3322 @kbd{M-x mh-version} (@pxref{Miscellaneous}) in any bug report you send. |
3323 | |
3324 @node Mailing List, MH FAQ, Bug Reports, Odds and Ends | |
3325 @appendixsec mh-e Mailing List | |
3326 | |
3327 @cindex mailing list | |
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3328 @cindex SourceForge |
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3329 |
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3330 There are actually several mailing lists for mh-e. They are |
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3331 @i{mh-e-users@@lists.sourceforge.net}, |
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3332 @i{mh-e-announce@@lists.sourceforge.net}, and |
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3333 @i{mh-e-devel@@lists.sourceforge.net}. You can subscribe or view the |
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3334 archives at @uref{https://sourceforge.net/mail/?group_id=13357, |
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3335 SourceForge}. Do not report bugs on these lists; please submit them |
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3336 via SourceForge (@pxref{Bug Reports}). |
25829 | 3337 |
3338 @node MH FAQ, Getting mh-e, Mailing List, Odds and Ends | |
3339 @appendixsec MH FAQ | |
3340 | |
3341 @cindex MH FAQ | |
3342 @cindex FAQ | |
3343 | |
3344 An FAQ appears monthly in the newsgroup @samp{comp.mail.mh}. While very | |
3345 little is there that deals with mh-e specifically, there is an | |
3346 incredible wealth of material about MH itself which you will find | |
3347 useful. The subject of the FAQ is @cite{MH Frequently Asked Questions | |
3348 (FAQ) with Answers}. | |
3349 | |
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3350 The FAQ is available via the World Wide Web (WWW) at |
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3351 @uref{http://www.faqs.org/faqs/mail/mh-faq/part1/preamble.html, faqs.org}. |
25829 | 3352 |
3353 @node Getting mh-e, , MH FAQ, Odds and Ends | |
3354 @appendixsec Getting mh-e | |
3355 | |
3356 @cindex obtaining mh-e | |
3357 | |
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|
3358 The version of mh-e in the current version of Emacs should be up to |
3f52023cf745
Release mh-e-doc-1.3 for Emacs 21.1.
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|
3359 date. It is most likely to be more up to date than the copy that comes |
36329
8c99f1078bb9
(Getting mh-e): Remove doubled `the'.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
36207
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|
3360 with the MH distribution in @file{miscellany/mh-e}. |
36207
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3361 |
37802
953a442c9130
Avoid overfull hboxes wherever possible.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3362 @c intentionally wordy to avoid overfull hbox |
37822
1a52bb462cc9
Fix a typo in the last change.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37802
diff
changeset
|
3363 New mh-e releases are always available for downloading at |
36207
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|
3364 @uref{https://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=13357, |
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|
3365 SourceForge} before they appear in an Emacs release. You can read the |
3f52023cf745
Release mh-e-doc-1.3 for Emacs 21.1.
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|
3366 release notes on that page to determine if the given release of mh-e |
3f52023cf745
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changeset
|
3367 is already installed in your version of Emacs. |
3f52023cf745
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|
3368 |
3f52023cf745
Release mh-e-doc-1.3 for Emacs 21.1.
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diff
changeset
|
3369 If you go this route, I suggest that you extract the files from |
3f52023cf745
Release mh-e-doc-1.3 for Emacs 21.1.
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|
3370 @file{mh-e-@var{m.n}.tgz} in the following fashion: |
25829 | 3371 |
37802
953a442c9130
Avoid overfull hboxes wherever possible.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
3372 @smallexample |
25829 | 3373 @group |
3374 % @kbd{cd} # @r{Start in your home directory} | |
3375 % @kbd{mkdir lib lib/emacs} # @r{Create directory for mh-e} | |
3376 % @kbd{cd lib/emacs} | |
36207
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3377 % @kbd{zcat @var{path/to/}mh-e-@var{m.n}.tgz | tar xvf -} # @r{Extract files} |
25829 | 3378 @end group |
37802
953a442c9130
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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|
3379 @end smallexample |
25829 | 3380 |
3381 @cindex @file{.emacs} | |
3382 @cindex files, @file{.emacs} | |
3383 | |
3384 To use these new files, add the following to @file{~/.emacs}: | |
3385 | |
3386 @lisp | |
3387 (setq load-path (cons (expand-file-name "~/lib/emacs") load-path)) | |
3388 @end lisp | |
3389 | |
3390 @cindex news | |
3391 @cindex files, @samp{MH-E-NEWS} | |
3392 | |
3393 That's it! If you're already running Emacs, please quit that session | |
3394 and start again to load in the new mh-e. Check that you're running the | |
3395 new version with the command @kbd{M-x mh-version} after running any mh-e | |
3396 command. The distribution comes with a file called @file{MH-E-NEWS} so | |
3397 you can see what's new. | |
3398 | |
36207
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|
3399 @node History, Copying, Odds and Ends, Top |
25829 | 3400 @appendix History of mh-e |
3401 | |
36207
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|
3402 @cindex Gildea, Stephen |
3f52023cf745
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|
3403 @cindex Larus, Jim |
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|
3404 @cindex Reid, Brian |
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|
3405 @cindex SourceForge |
25829 | 3406 @cindex history of mh-e |
3407 | |
36207
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3408 mh-e was originally written by Brian Reid in 1983 and has changed |
3f52023cf745
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|
3409 hands several times since then. Jim Larus wanted to do something |
3f52023cf745
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3410 similar for GNU Emacs, and ended up completely rewriting it that same |
3f52023cf745
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|
3411 year. In 1989, Stephen Gildea picked it up and added many improvements. |
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3412 Bill Wohler then took over in 2000 and moved its development to |
3f52023cf745
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|
3413 @uref{http://sourceforge.net/, SourceForge}. |
25829 | 3414 |
3415 @menu | |
49600
23a1cea22d13
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3416 * From Brian Reid:: |
23a1cea22d13
Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
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3417 * From Jim Larus:: |
23a1cea22d13
Trailing whitespace deleted.
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3418 * From Stephen Gildea:: |
25829 | 3419 @end menu |
3420 | |
3421 @node From Brian Reid, From Jim Larus, History, History | |
3422 @appendixsec From Brian Reid | |
3423 | |
3424 @cindex Reid, Brian | |
3425 | |
3426 One day in 1983 I got the flu and had to stay home from work for three | |
3427 days with nothing to do. I used that time to write MHE@. The | |
3428 fundamental idea behind MHE was that it was a ``puppeteer'' driving the MH | |
3429 programs underneath it. MH had a model that the editor was supposed to | |
3430 run as a subprocess of the mailer, which seemed to me at the time to be | |
3431 the tail wagging the dog. So I turned it around and made the editor | |
3432 drive the MH programs. I made sure that the UCI people (who were | |
3433 maintaining MH at the time) took in my changes and made them stick. | |
3434 | |
3435 Today, I still use my own version of MHE because I don't at all like the | |
3436 way that GNU mh-e works and I've never gotten to be good enough at | |
3437 hacking Emacs Lisp to make GNU mh-e do what I want. The Gosling-emacs | |
3438 version of MHE and the GNU Emacs version of mh-e have almost nothing in | |
3439 common except similar names. They work differently, have different | |
3440 conceptual models, and have different key bindings. @footnote{After | |
3441 reading this article, I questioned Brian about his version of MHE, and | |
3442 received some great ideas for improving mh-e such as a dired-like method | |
3443 of selecting folders; and removing the prompting when sending mail, | |
3444 filling in the blanks in the draft buffer instead. I passed them on to | |
3445 Stephen Gildea, the current maintainer, and he was excited about the | |
3446 ideas as well. Perhaps one day, mh-e will again resemble MHE, although | |
3447 none of these ideas are manifest in Version 5.0.} | |
3448 | |
3449 Brian Reid, June 1994 | |
3450 | |
3451 @node From Jim Larus, From Stephen Gildea, From Brian Reid, History | |
3452 @appendixsec From Jim Larus | |
3453 | |
3454 @cindex Larus, Jim | |
3455 | |
3456 Brian Reid, while at CMU or shortly after going to Stanford wrote a mail | |
3457 reading program called MHE for Gosling Emacs. It had much the same | |
3458 structure as mh-e (i.e., invoked MH programs), though it was simpler and | |
3459 the commands were slightly different. Unfortunately, I no longer have a | |
3460 copy so the differences are lost in the mists of time. | |
3461 | |
3462 In '82-83, I was working at BBN and wrote a lot of mlisp code in Gosling | |
3463 Emacs to make it look more like Tennex Emacs. One of the packages that | |
3464 I picked up and improved was Reid's mail system. In '83, I went back to | |
3465 Berkeley. About that time, Stallman's first version of GNU Emacs came | |
3466 out and people started to move to it from Gosling Emacs (as I recall, | |
3467 the transition took a year or two). I decided to port Reid's MHE and | |
3468 used the mlisp to Emacs Lisp translator that came with GNU Emacs. It | |
3469 did a lousy job and the resulting code didn't work, so I bit the bullet | |
3470 and rewrote the code by hand (it was a lot smaller and simpler then, so | |
3471 it took only a day or two). | |
3472 | |
3473 Soon after that, mh-e became part of the standard Emacs distribution and | |
3474 suggestions kept dribbling in for improvements. mh-e soon reached | |
3475 sufficient functionality to keep me happy, but I kept on improving it | |
3476 because I was a graduate student with plenty of time on my hands and it | |
3477 was more fun than my dissertation. In retrospect, the one thing that I | |
3478 regret is not writing any documentation, which seriously limited the use | |
3479 and appeal of the package. | |
3480 | |
3481 @cindex @code{xmh}, in mh-e history | |
3482 | |
3483 In '89, I came to Wisconsin as a professor and decided not to work on | |
3484 mh-e. It was stable, except for minor bugs, and had enough | |
3485 functionality, so I let it be for a few years. Stephen Gildea of BBN | |
3486 began to pester me about the bugs, but I ignored them. In 1990, he went | |
3487 off to the X Consortium, said good bye, and said that he would now be | |
3488 using @code{xmh}. A few months later, he came back and said that he | |
3489 couldn't stand @code{xmh} and could I put a few more bug fixes into | |
3490 mh-e. At that point, I had no interest in fixing mh-e, so I gave the | |
3491 responsibility of maintenance to him and he has done a fine job since | |
3492 then. | |
3493 | |
3494 Jim Larus, June 1994 | |
3495 | |
3496 @node From Stephen Gildea, , From Jim Larus, History | |
3497 @appendixsec From Stephen Gildea | |
3498 | |
3499 @cindex Gildea, Stephen | |
3500 | |
3501 In 1987 I went to work for Bolt Beranek and Newman, as Jim had before | |
3502 me. In my previous job, I had been using RMAIL, but as my folders tend | |
3503 to run large, I was frustrated with the speed of RMAIL@. However, I | |
3504 stuck with it because I wanted the GNU Emacs interface. I am very | |
3505 familiar and comfortable with the Emacs interface (with just a few | |
3506 modifications of my own) and dislike having to use applications with | |
3507 embedded editors; they never live up to Emacs. | |
3508 | |
3509 MH is the mail reader of choice at BBN, so I converted to it. Since I | |
3510 didn't want to give up using an Emacs interface, I started using mh-e. | |
3511 As is my wont, I started hacking on it almost immediately. I first used | |
3512 version 3.4m. One of the first features I added was to treat the folder | |
3513 buffer as a file-visiting buffer: you could lock it, save it, and be | |
3514 warned of unsaved changes when killing it. I also worked to bring its | |
3515 functionality a little closer to RMAIL@. Jim Larus was very cooperative | |
3516 about merging in my changes, and my efforts first appeared in version | |
3517 3.6, distributed with Emacs 18.52 in 1988. Next I decided mh-e was too | |
3518 slow and optimized it a lot. Version, 3.7, distributed with Emacs 18.56 | |
3519 in 1990, was noticeably faster. | |
3520 | |
3521 When I moved to the X Consortium I became the first person there to not | |
3522 use xmh. (There is now one other engineer there using mh-e.) About | |
3523 this point I took over maintenance of mh-e from Jim and was finally able | |
3524 to add some features Jim hadn't accepted, such as the backward searching | |
3525 undo. My first release was 3.8 (Emacs 18.58) in 1992. | |
3526 | |
3527 Now, in 1994, we see a flurry of releases, with both 4.0 and 5.0. | |
3528 Version 4.0 added many new features, including background folder | |
3529 collection and support for composing @sc{mime} messages. (Reading | |
3530 @sc{mime} messages remains to be done, alas.) While writing this book, | |
3531 Bill Wohler gave mh-e its closest examination ever, uncovering bugs and | |
3532 inconsistencies that required a new major version to fix, and so version | |
3533 5 was released. | |
3534 | |
3535 Stephen Gildea, June 1994 | |
3536 | |
36207
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3537 @node Copying, Command Index, History, Top |
25829 | 3538 @appendix GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE |
36207
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3539 |
25829 | 3540 @center Version 2, June 1991 |
3541 | |
3542 @display | |
3543 Copyright @copyright{} 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. | |
3544 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA | |
3545 | |
3546 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies | |
3547 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. | |
3548 @end display | |
3549 | |
3550 @appendixsec Preamble | |
3551 | |
3552 The licenses for most software are designed to take away your | |
3553 freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public | |
3554 License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free | |
3555 software---to make sure the software is free for all its users. This | |
3556 General Public License applies to most of the Free Software | |
3557 Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to | |
3558 using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by | |
3559 the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to | |
3560 your programs, too. | |
3561 | |
3562 When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not | |
3563 price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you | |
3564 have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for | |
3565 this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it | |
3566 if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it | |
3567 in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things. | |
3568 | |
3569 To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid | |
3570 anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. | |
3571 These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you | |
3572 distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it. | |
3573 | |
3574 For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether | |
3575 gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that | |
3576 you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the | |
3577 source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their | |
3578 rights. | |
3579 | |
3580 We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and | |
3581 (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, | |
3582 distribute and/or modify the software. | |
3583 | |
3584 Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain | |
3585 that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free | |
3586 software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we | |
3587 want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so | |
3588 that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original | |
3589 authors' reputations. | |
3590 | |
3591 Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software | |
3592 patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free | |
3593 program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the | |
3594 program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any | |
3595 patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all. | |
3596 | |
3597 The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and | |
3598 modification follow. | |
3599 | |
3600 @iftex | |
3601 @appendixsec TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION | |
3602 @end iftex | |
3603 @ifinfo | |
3604 @center TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION | |
3605 @end ifinfo | |
3606 | |
3607 @enumerate 0 | |
3608 @item | |
3609 This License applies to any program or other work which contains | |
3610 a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed | |
36168
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
3611 under the terms of this General Public License. The ``Program,'' below, |
25829 | 3612 refers to any such program or work, and a ``work based on the Program'' |
3613 means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: | |
3614 that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it, | |
3615 either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another | |
3616 language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in | |
36168
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
3617 the term ``modification.'') Each licensee is addressed as ``you.'' |
25829 | 3618 |
3619 Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not | |
3620 covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of | |
3621 running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program | |
3622 is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the | |
3623 Program (independent of having been made by running the Program). | |
3624 Whether that is true depends on what the Program does. | |
3625 | |
3626 @item | |
3627 You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's | |
3628 source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you | |
3629 conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate | |
3630 copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the | |
3631 notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; | |
3632 and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License | |
3633 along with the Program. | |
3634 | |
3635 You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and | |
3636 you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. | |
3637 | |
3638 @item | |
3639 You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion | |
3640 of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and | |
3641 distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 | |
3642 above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions: | |
3643 | |
3644 @enumerate a | |
3645 @item | |
3646 You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices | |
3647 stating that you changed the files and the date of any change. | |
3648 | |
3649 @item | |
3650 You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in | |
3651 whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any | |
3652 part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third | |
3653 parties under the terms of this License. | |
3654 | |
3655 @item | |
3656 If the modified program normally reads commands interactively | |
3657 when run, you must cause it, when started running for such | |
3658 interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an | |
3659 announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a | |
3660 notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide | |
3661 a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under | |
3662 these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this | |
3663 License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but | |
3664 does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on | |
3665 the Program is not required to print an announcement.) | |
3666 @end enumerate | |
3667 | |
3668 These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If | |
3669 identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program, | |
3670 and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in | |
3671 themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those | |
3672 sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you | |
3673 distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based | |
3674 on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of | |
3675 this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the | |
3676 entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it. | |
3677 | |
3678 Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest | |
3679 your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to | |
3680 exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or | |
3681 collective works based on the Program. | |
3682 | |
3683 In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program | |
3684 with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of | |
3685 a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under | |
3686 the scope of this License. | |
3687 | |
3688 @item | |
3689 You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, | |
3690 under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of | |
3691 Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following: | |
3692 | |
3693 @enumerate a | |
3694 @item | |
3695 Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable | |
3696 source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections | |
3697 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, | |
3698 | |
3699 @item | |
3700 Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three | |
3701 years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your | |
3702 cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete | |
3703 machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be | |
3704 distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium | |
3705 customarily used for software interchange; or, | |
3706 | |
3707 @item | |
3708 Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer | |
3709 to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is | |
3710 allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you | |
3711 received the program in object code or executable form with such | |
3712 an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.) | |
3713 @end enumerate | |
3714 | |
3715 The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for | |
3716 making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source | |
3717 code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any | |
3718 associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to | |
3719 control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a | |
3720 special exception, the source code distributed need not include | |
3721 anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary | |
3722 form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the | |
3723 operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component | |
3724 itself accompanies the executable. | |
3725 | |
3726 If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering | |
3727 access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent | |
3728 access to copy the source code from the same place counts as | |
3729 distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not | |
3730 compelled to copy the source along with the object code. | |
3731 | |
3732 @item | |
3733 You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program | |
3734 except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt | |
3735 otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is | |
3736 void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. | |
3737 However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under | |
3738 this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such | |
3739 parties remain in full compliance. | |
3740 | |
3741 @item | |
3742 You are not required to accept this License, since you have not | |
3743 signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or | |
3744 distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are | |
3745 prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by | |
3746 modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the | |
3747 Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and | |
3748 all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying | |
3749 the Program or works based on it. | |
3750 | |
3751 @item | |
3752 Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the | |
3753 Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the | |
3754 original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to | |
3755 these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further | |
3756 restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. | |
3757 You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to | |
3758 this License. | |
3759 | |
3760 @item | |
3761 If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent | |
3762 infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), | |
3763 conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or | |
3764 otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not | |
3765 excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot | |
3766 distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this | |
3767 License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you | |
3768 may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent | |
3769 license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by | |
3770 all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then | |
3771 the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to | |
3772 refrain entirely from distribution of the Program. | |
3773 | |
3774 If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under | |
3775 any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to | |
3776 apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other | |
3777 circumstances. | |
3778 | |
3779 It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any | |
3780 patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any | |
3781 such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the | |
3782 integrity of the free software distribution system, which is | |
3783 implemented by public license practices. Many people have made | |
3784 generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed | |
3785 through that system in reliance on consistent application of that | |
3786 system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing | |
3787 to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot | |
3788 impose that choice. | |
3789 | |
3790 This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to | |
3791 be a consequence of the rest of this License. | |
3792 | |
3793 @item | |
3794 If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in | |
3795 certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the | |
3796 original copyright holder who places the Program under this License | |
3797 may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding | |
3798 those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among | |
3799 countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates | |
3800 the limitation as if written in the body of this License. | |
3801 | |
3802 @item | |
3803 The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions | |
3804 of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will | |
3805 be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to | |
3806 address new problems or concerns. | |
3807 | |
3808 Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program | |
3809 specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and ``any | |
36168
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Clean up close-quote punctuation.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
32315
diff
changeset
|
3810 later version,'' you have the option of following the terms and conditions |
25829 | 3811 either of that version or of any later version published by the Free |
3812 Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of | |
3813 this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software | |
3814 Foundation. | |
3815 | |
3816 @item | |
3817 If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free | |
3818 programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author | |
3819 to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free | |
3820 Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes | |
3821 make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals | |
3822 of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and | |
3823 of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally. | |
3824 | |
3825 @iftex | |
3826 @heading NO WARRANTY | |
3827 @end iftex | |
3828 @ifinfo | |
3829 @center NO WARRANTY | |
3830 @end ifinfo | |
3831 | |
3832 @item | |
3833 BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY | |
3834 FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW@. EXCEPT WHEN | |
3835 OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES | |
3836 PROVIDE THE PROGRAM ``AS IS'' WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED | |
3837 OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF | |
3838 MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE@. THE ENTIRE RISK AS | |
3839 TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU@. SHOULD THE | |
3840 PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, | |
3841 REPAIR OR CORRECTION. | |
3842 | |
3843 @item | |
3844 IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING | |
3845 WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR | |
3846 REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, | |
3847 INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING | |
3848 OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED | |
3849 TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY | |
3850 YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER | |
3851 PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE | |
3852 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. | |
3853 @end enumerate | |
3854 | |
3855 @iftex | |
3856 @heading END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS | |
3857 @end iftex | |
3858 @ifinfo | |
3859 @center END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS | |
3860 @end ifinfo | |
3861 | |
3862 @page | |
3863 @appendixsec How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs | |
3864 | |
3865 If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest | |
3866 possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it | |
3867 free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. | |
3868 | |
3869 To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest | |
3870 to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively | |
3871 convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least | |
3872 the ``copyright'' line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. | |
3873 | |
3874 @smallexample | |
3875 @var{one line to give the program's name and an idea of what it does.} | |
32112
18b192483928
(Copying): Change example year to `20yy'.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
30009
diff
changeset
|
3876 Copyright (C) 20@var{yy} @var{name of author} |
25829 | 3877 |
3878 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or | |
3879 modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License | |
3880 as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 | |
3881 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. | |
3882 | |
3883 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, | |
3884 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of | |
3885 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE@. See the | |
3886 GNU General Public License for more details. | |
3887 | |
3888 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along | |
3889 with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., | |
3890 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. | |
3891 @end smallexample | |
3892 | |
3893 Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. | |
3894 | |
3895 If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this | |
3896 when it starts in an interactive mode: | |
3897 | |
3898 @smallexample | |
32112
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(Copying): Change example year to `20yy'.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
30009
diff
changeset
|
3899 Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 20@var{yy} @var{name of author} |
25829 | 3900 Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details |
3901 type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome | |
49600
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Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
47737
diff
changeset
|
3902 to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c' |
25829 | 3903 for details. |
3904 @end smallexample | |
3905 | |
3906 The hypothetical commands @samp{show w} and @samp{show c} should show | |
3907 the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the | |
3908 commands you use may be called something other than @samp{show w} and | |
3909 @samp{show c}; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items---whatever | |
3910 suits your program. | |
3911 | |
3912 You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your | |
3913 school, if any, to sign a ``copyright disclaimer'' for the program, if | |
3914 necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names: | |
3915 | |
3916 @smallexample | |
3917 @group | |
3918 Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright | |
3919 interest in the program `Gnomovision' | |
49600
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Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
47737
diff
changeset
|
3920 (which makes passes at compilers) written |
25829 | 3921 by James Hacker. |
3922 | |
3923 @var{signature of Ty Coon}, 1 April 1989 | |
3924 Ty Coon, President of Vice | |
3925 @end group | |
3926 @end smallexample | |
3927 | |
3928 This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into | |
3929 proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may | |
3930 consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the | |
3931 library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General | |
3932 Public License instead of this License. | |
3933 | |
3934 @node Command Index, Variable Index, Copying, Top | |
3935 @unnumbered Command Index | |
3936 | |
3937 @printindex fn | |
3938 | |
3939 @node Variable Index, Concept Index, Command Index, Top | |
3940 @unnumbered Variable Index | |
3941 | |
3942 @printindex vr | |
3943 | |
3944 @node Concept Index, , Variable Index, Top | |
3945 @unnumbered Concept Index | |
3946 | |
3947 @printindex cp | |
3948 | |
3949 @contents | |
3950 @bye | |
3951 | |
3952 @c XXX In the sections on customizing mh-e, you can add cross-references | |
3953 @c to the Emacs manual and the Emacs Lisp manual wherever they are | |
3954 @c useful. @pxref{node, , section, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual} |