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annotate man/dired.texi @ 42179:87092eec53dc
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author | Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz> |
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date | Wed, 19 Dec 2001 07:23:54 +0000 |
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25829 | 1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual. |
39287 | 2 @c Copyright (C) 1985,86,87,93,94,95,97,2000,2001 |
28126 | 3 @c Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
25829 | 4 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions. |
5 @node Dired, Calendar/Diary, Rmail, Top | |
6 @chapter Dired, the Directory Editor | |
7 @cindex Dired | |
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8 @cindex file management |
25829 | 9 |
10 Dired makes an Emacs buffer containing a listing of a directory, and | |
11 optionally some of its subdirectories as well. You can use the normal | |
12 Emacs commands to move around in this buffer, and special Dired commands | |
13 to operate on the files listed. | |
14 | |
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15 The Dired buffer is ``read-only,'' and inserting text in it is not |
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16 useful, so ordinary printing characters such as @kbd{d} and @kbd{x} are |
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17 used for special Dired commands. Some Dired commands @dfn{mark} or |
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18 @dfn{flag} the @dfn{current file} (that is, the file on the current |
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19 line); other commands operate on the marked files or on the flagged |
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20 files. |
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21 |
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22 The Dired-X package provides various extra features for Dired mode. |
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23 @xref{Dired-X,,,dired-x, Dired Extra Version 2 User's Manual}. |
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24 |
25829 | 25 @menu |
26 * Enter: Dired Enter. How to invoke Dired. | |
38745 | 27 * Navigation: Dired Navigation. Special motion commands in the Dired buffer. |
25829 | 28 * Deletion: Dired Deletion. Deleting files with Dired. |
29 * Flagging Many Files:: Flagging files based on their names. | |
30 * Visit: Dired Visiting. Other file operations through Dired. | |
31 * Marks vs Flags:: Flagging for deletion vs marking. | |
32 * Operating on Files:: How to copy, rename, print, compress, etc. | |
33 either one file or several files. | |
34 * Shell Commands in Dired:: Running a shell command on the marked files. | |
35 * Transforming File Names:: Using patterns to rename multiple files. | |
36 * Comparison in Dired:: Running `diff' by way of Dired. | |
37 * Subdirectories in Dired:: Adding subdirectories to the Dired buffer. | |
38 * Subdirectory Motion:: Moving across subdirectories, and up and down. | |
39 * Hiding Subdirectories:: Making subdirectories visible or invisible. | |
40 * Updating: Dired Updating. Discarding lines for files of no interest. | |
41 * Find: Dired and Find. Using `find' to choose the files for Dired. | |
42 @end menu | |
43 | |
44 @node Dired Enter | |
45 @section Entering Dired | |
46 | |
47 @findex dired | |
48 @kindex C-x d | |
49 @vindex dired-listing-switches | |
50 To invoke Dired, do @kbd{C-x d} or @kbd{M-x dired}. The command reads | |
51 a directory name or wildcard file name pattern as a minibuffer argument | |
52 to specify which files to list. Where @code{dired} differs from | |
53 @code{list-directory} is in putting the buffer into Dired mode so that | |
54 the special commands of Dired are available. | |
55 | |
56 The variable @code{dired-listing-switches} specifies the options to | |
57 give to @code{ls} for listing directory; this string @emph{must} contain | |
58 @samp{-l}. If you use a numeric prefix argument with the @code{dired} | |
59 command, you can specify the @code{ls} switches with the minibuffer | |
60 before you enter the directory specification. | |
61 | |
62 @findex dired-other-window | |
63 @kindex C-x 4 d | |
64 @findex dired-other-frame | |
65 @kindex C-x 5 d | |
66 To display the Dired buffer in another window rather than in the | |
67 selected window, use @kbd{C-x 4 d} (@code{dired-other-window}) instead | |
68 of @kbd{C-x d}. @kbd{C-x 5 d} (@code{dired-other-frame}) uses a | |
69 separate frame to display the Dired buffer. | |
70 | |
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71 @node Dired Navigation |
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72 @section Navigation in the Dired Buffer |
25829 | 73 |
74 @kindex C-n @r{(Dired)} | |
75 @kindex C-p @r{(Dired)} | |
76 All the usual Emacs cursor motion commands are available in Dired | |
77 buffers. Some special-purpose cursor motion commands are also | |
78 provided. The keys @kbd{C-n} and @kbd{C-p} are redefined to put the | |
79 cursor at the beginning of the file name on the line, rather than at the | |
80 beginning of the line. | |
81 | |
82 @kindex SPC @r{(Dired)} | |
83 For extra convenience, @key{SPC} and @kbd{n} in Dired are equivalent | |
84 to @kbd{C-n}. @kbd{p} is equivalent to @kbd{C-p}. (Moving by lines is | |
85 so common in Dired that it deserves to be easy to type.) @key{DEL} | |
86 (move up and unflag) is often useful simply for moving up. | |
87 | |
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88 Some additional navigation commands are available when the Dired |
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89 buffer includes several directories. @xref{Subdirectory Motion}. |
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90 |
25829 | 91 @node Dired Deletion |
92 @section Deleting Files with Dired | |
93 @cindex flagging files (in Dired) | |
94 @cindex deleting files (in Dired) | |
95 | |
38745 | 96 One of the most frequent uses of Dired is to first @dfn{flag} files for |
97 deletion, then delete the files that were flagged. | |
25829 | 98 |
99 @table @kbd | |
100 @item d | |
101 Flag this file for deletion. | |
102 @item u | |
103 Remove deletion flag on this line. | |
104 @item @key{DEL} | |
105 Move point to previous line and remove the deletion flag on that line. | |
106 @item x | |
107 Delete the files that are flagged for deletion. | |
108 @end table | |
109 | |
110 @kindex d @r{(Dired)} | |
111 @findex dired-flag-file-deletion | |
112 You can flag a file for deletion by moving to the line describing the | |
113 file and typing @kbd{d} (@code{dired-flag-file-deletion}). The deletion flag is visible as a @samp{D} at | |
114 the beginning of the line. This command moves point to the next line, | |
115 so that repeated @kbd{d} commands flag successive files. A numeric | |
116 argument serves as a repeat count. | |
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117 |
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118 @cindex recursive deletion |
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119 @vindex dired-recursive-deletes |
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120 The variable @code{dired-recursive-deletes} controls whether the |
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121 delete command will delete non-empty directories (including their |
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122 contents). The default is to delete only empty directories. |
25829 | 123 |
124 @kindex u @r{(Dired deletion)} | |
125 @kindex DEL @r{(Dired)} | |
126 The files are flagged for deletion rather than deleted immediately to | |
127 reduce the danger of deleting a file accidentally. Until you direct | |
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128 Dired to delete the flagged files, you can remove deletion flags using |
25829 | 129 the commands @kbd{u} and @key{DEL}. @kbd{u} (@code{dired-unmark}) works |
130 just like @kbd{d}, but removes flags rather than making flags. | |
131 @key{DEL} (@code{dired-unmark-backward}) moves upward, removing flags; | |
132 it is like @kbd{u} with argument @minus{}1. | |
133 | |
134 @kindex x @r{(Dired)} | |
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135 @findex dired-do-flagged-delete |
25829 | 136 @cindex expunging (Dired) |
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137 To delete the flagged files, type @kbd{x} (@code{dired-do-flagged-delete}). |
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138 (This is also known as @dfn{expunging}.) |
25829 | 139 This command first displays a list of all the file names flagged for |
140 deletion, and requests confirmation with @kbd{yes}. If you confirm, | |
141 Dired deletes the flagged files, then deletes their lines from the text | |
142 of the Dired buffer. The shortened Dired buffer remains selected. | |
143 | |
144 If you answer @kbd{no} or quit with @kbd{C-g} when asked to confirm, you | |
145 return immediately to Dired, with the deletion flags still present in | |
146 the buffer, and no files actually deleted. | |
147 | |
148 @node Flagging Many Files | |
149 @section Flagging Many Files at Once | |
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150 @cindex flagging many files for deletion (in Dired) |
25829 | 151 |
152 @table @kbd | |
153 @item # | |
154 Flag all auto-save files (files whose names start and end with @samp{#}) | |
155 for deletion (@pxref{Auto Save}). | |
156 | |
157 @item ~ | |
158 Flag all backup files (files whose names end with @samp{~}) for deletion | |
159 (@pxref{Backup}). | |
160 | |
161 @item & | |
162 Flag for deletion all files with certain kinds of names, names that | |
163 suggest you could easily create the files again. | |
164 | |
165 @item .@: @r{(Period)} | |
166 Flag excess numeric backup files for deletion. The oldest and newest | |
167 few backup files of any one file are exempt; the middle ones are | |
168 flagged. | |
169 | |
170 @item % d @var{regexp} @key{RET} | |
171 Flag for deletion all files whose names match the regular expression | |
172 @var{regexp}. | |
173 @end table | |
174 | |
175 The @kbd{#}, @kbd{~}, @kbd{&}, and @kbd{.} commands flag many files for | |
176 deletion, based on their file names. These commands are useful | |
177 precisely because they do not themselves delete any files; you can | |
178 remove the deletion flags from any flagged files that you really wish to | |
179 keep.@refill | |
180 | |
181 @kindex & @r{(Dired)} | |
182 @findex dired-flag-garbage-files | |
183 @vindex dired-garbage-files-regexp | |
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184 @cindex deleting some backup files |
25829 | 185 @kbd{&} (@code{dired-flag-garbage-files}) flags files whose names |
186 match the regular expression specified by the variable | |
187 @code{dired-garbage-files-regexp}. By default, this matches certain | |
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188 files produced by @TeX{}, @samp{.bak} files, and the @samp{.orig} and |
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189 @samp{.rej} files produced by @code{patch}. |
25829 | 190 |
191 @kindex # @r{(Dired)} | |
192 @findex dired-flag-auto-save-files | |
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193 @cindex deleting auto-save files |
25829 | 194 @kbd{#} (@code{dired-flag-auto-save-files}) flags for deletion all |
195 files whose names look like auto-save files (@pxref{Auto Save})---that | |
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196 is, files whose names begin and end with @samp{#}. |
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197 |
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198 @kindex ~ @r{(Dired)} |
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199 @findex dired-flag-backup-files |
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200 @kbd{~} (@code{dired-flag-backup-files}) flags for deletion all files |
38745 | 201 whose names say they are backup files (@pxref{Backup})---that is, files |
202 whose names end in @samp{~}. | |
25829 | 203 |
204 @kindex . @r{(Dired)} | |
205 @vindex dired-kept-versions | |
206 @findex dired-clean-directory | |
207 @kbd{.} (period, @code{dired-clean-directory}) flags just some of the | |
208 backup files for deletion: all but the oldest few and newest few backups | |
209 of any one file. Normally @code{dired-kept-versions} (@strong{not} | |
210 @code{kept-new-versions}; that applies only when saving) specifies the | |
211 number of newest versions of each file to keep, and | |
212 @code{kept-old-versions} specifies the number of oldest versions to | |
213 keep. | |
214 | |
215 Period with a positive numeric argument, as in @kbd{C-u 3 .}, | |
216 specifies the number of newest versions to keep, overriding | |
217 @code{dired-kept-versions}. A negative numeric argument overrides | |
218 @code{kept-old-versions}, using minus the value of the argument to | |
219 specify the number of oldest versions of each file to keep. | |
220 | |
221 @findex dired-flag-files-regexp | |
222 @kindex % d @r{(Dired)} | |
223 The @kbd{% d} command flags all files whose names match a specified | |
224 regular expression (@code{dired-flag-files-regexp}). Only the | |
225 non-directory part of the file name is used in matching. You can use | |
226 @samp{^} and @samp{$} to anchor matches. You can exclude subdirectories | |
227 by hiding them (@pxref{Hiding Subdirectories}). | |
228 | |
229 @node Dired Visiting | |
230 @section Visiting Files in Dired | |
231 | |
232 There are several Dired commands for visiting or examining the files | |
233 listed in the Dired buffer. All of them apply to the current line's | |
234 file; if that file is really a directory, these commands invoke Dired on | |
235 that subdirectory (making a separate Dired buffer). | |
236 | |
237 @table @kbd | |
238 @item f | |
239 @kindex f @r{(Dired)} | |
240 @findex dired-find-file | |
241 Visit the file described on the current line, like typing @kbd{C-x C-f} | |
242 and supplying that file name (@code{dired-find-file}). @xref{Visiting}. | |
243 | |
244 @item @key{RET} | |
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245 @itemx e |
25829 | 246 @kindex RET @r{(Dired)} |
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247 @kindex e @r{(Dired)} |
25829 | 248 Equivalent to @kbd{f}. |
249 | |
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250 @item a |
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251 @kindex a @r{(Dired)} |
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252 @findex dired-find-alternate-file |
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253 Like @kbd{f}, but replaces the contents of the Dired buffer with |
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254 that of an alternate file or directory (@code{dired-find-alternate-file}). |
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255 |
25829 | 256 @item o |
257 @kindex o @r{(Dired)} | |
258 @findex dired-find-file-other-window | |
259 Like @kbd{f}, but uses another window to display the file's buffer | |
260 (@code{dired-find-file-other-window}). The Dired buffer remains visible | |
261 in the first window. This is like using @kbd{C-x 4 C-f} to visit the | |
262 file. @xref{Windows}. | |
263 | |
264 @item C-o | |
265 @kindex C-o @r{(Dired)} | |
266 @findex dired-display-file | |
267 Visit the file described on the current line, and display the buffer in | |
268 another window, but do not select that window (@code{dired-display-file}). | |
269 | |
270 @item Mouse-2 | |
271 @findex dired-mouse-find-file-other-window | |
272 Visit the file named by the line you click on | |
273 (@code{dired-mouse-find-file-other-window}). This uses another window | |
274 to display the file, like the @kbd{o} command. | |
275 | |
276 @item v | |
277 @kindex v @r{(Dired)} | |
278 @findex dired-view-file | |
279 View the file described on the current line, using @kbd{M-x view-file} | |
280 (@code{dired-view-file}). | |
281 | |
282 Viewing a file is like visiting it, but is slanted toward moving around | |
283 in the file conveniently and does not allow changing the file. | |
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284 @xref{Misc File Ops,View File, Miscellaneous File Operations}. |
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285 |
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286 @item ^ |
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287 @kindex ^ @r{(Dired)} |
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288 @findex dired-up-directory |
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289 Visit the parent directory of the current directory |
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290 (@code{dired-up-directory}). This is more convenient than moving to |
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291 the parent directory's line and typing @kbd{f} there. |
25829 | 292 @end table |
293 | |
294 @node Marks vs Flags | |
295 @section Dired Marks vs. Flags | |
296 | |
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297 @cindex marking many files (in Dired) |
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298 Instead of flagging a file with @samp{D}, you can @dfn{mark} the |
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299 file with some other character (usually @samp{*}). Most Dired |
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300 commands to operate on files use the files marked with @samp{*}, the |
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301 exception being @kbd{x} which deletes the flagged files. |
25829 | 302 |
303 Here are some commands for marking with @samp{*}, or for unmarking or | |
304 operating on marks. (@xref{Dired Deletion}, for commands to flag and | |
305 unflag files.) | |
306 | |
307 @table @kbd | |
308 @item m | |
309 @itemx * m | |
310 @kindex m @r{(Dired)} | |
311 @kindex * m @r{(Dired)} | |
312 @findex dired-mark | |
313 Mark the current file with @samp{*} (@code{dired-mark}). With a numeric | |
314 argument @var{n}, mark the next @var{n} files starting with the current | |
315 file. (If @var{n} is negative, mark the previous @minus{}@var{n} | |
316 files.) | |
317 | |
318 @item * * | |
319 @kindex * * @r{(Dired)} | |
320 @findex dired-mark-executables | |
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321 @cindex marking executable files (in Dired) |
25829 | 322 Mark all executable files with @samp{*} |
323 (@code{dired-mark-executables}). With a numeric argument, unmark all | |
324 those files. | |
325 | |
326 @item * @@ | |
327 @kindex * @@ @r{(Dired)} | |
328 @findex dired-mark-symlinks | |
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329 @cindex marking symlinks (in Dired) |
25829 | 330 Mark all symbolic links with @samp{*} (@code{dired-mark-symlinks}). |
331 With a numeric argument, unmark all those files. | |
332 | |
333 @item * / | |
334 @kindex * / @r{(Dired)} | |
335 @findex dired-mark-directories | |
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336 @cindex marking subdirectories (in Dired) |
25829 | 337 Mark with @samp{*} all files which are actually directories, except for |
338 @file{.} and @file{..} (@code{dired-mark-directories}). With a numeric | |
339 argument, unmark all those files. | |
340 | |
341 @item * s | |
342 @kindex * s @r{(Dired)} | |
343 @findex dired-mark-subdir-files | |
344 Mark all the files in the current subdirectory, aside from @file{.} | |
345 and @file{..} (@code{dired-mark-subdir-files}). | |
346 | |
347 @item u | |
348 @itemx * u | |
349 @kindex u @r{(Dired)} | |
350 @kindex * u @r{(Dired)} | |
351 @findex dired-unmark | |
352 Remove any mark on this line (@code{dired-unmark}). | |
353 | |
354 @item @key{DEL} | |
355 @itemx * @key{DEL} | |
356 @kindex * DEL @r{(Dired)} | |
357 @findex dired-unmark-backward | |
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358 @cindex unmarking files (in Dired) |
25829 | 359 Move point to previous line and remove any mark on that line |
360 (@code{dired-unmark-backward}). | |
361 | |
362 @item * ! | |
363 @kindex * ! @r{(Dired)} | |
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364 @findex dired-unmark-all-marks |
25829 | 365 Remove all marks from all the files in this Dired buffer |
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366 (@code{dired-unmark-all-marks}). |
25829 | 367 |
368 @item * ? @var{markchar} | |
369 @kindex * ? @r{(Dired)} | |
370 @findex dired-unmark-all-files | |
371 Remove all marks that use the character @var{markchar} | |
372 (@code{dired-unmark-all-files}). The argument is a single | |
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373 character---do not use @key{RET} to terminate it. See the description |
36507 | 374 of the @kbd{* c} command below, which lets you replace one mark |
375 character with another. | |
25829 | 376 |
377 With a numeric argument, this command queries about each marked file, | |
378 asking whether to remove its mark. You can answer @kbd{y} meaning yes, | |
379 @kbd{n} meaning no, or @kbd{!} to remove the marks from the remaining | |
380 files without asking about them. | |
381 | |
382 @item * C-n | |
383 @findex dired-next-marked-file | |
384 @kindex * C-n @r{(Dired)} | |
385 Move down to the next marked file (@code{dired-next-marked-file}) | |
386 A file is ``marked'' if it has any kind of mark. | |
387 | |
388 @item * C-p | |
389 @findex dired-prev-marked-file | |
390 @kindex * C-p @r{(Dired)} | |
391 Move up to the previous marked file (@code{dired-prev-marked-file}) | |
392 | |
393 @item * t | |
394 @kindex * t @r{(Dired)} | |
395 @findex dired-do-toggle | |
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396 @cindex toggling marks (in Dired) |
25829 | 397 Toggle all marks (@code{dired-do-toggle}): files marked with @samp{*} |
398 become unmarked, and unmarked files are marked with @samp{*}. Files | |
399 marked in any other way are not affected. | |
400 | |
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401 @item * c @var{old-markchar} @var{new-markchar} |
25829 | 402 @kindex * c @r{(Dired)} |
403 @findex dired-change-marks | |
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404 Replace all marks that use the character @var{old-markchar} with marks |
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405 that use the character @var{new-markchar} (@code{dired-change-marks}). |
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406 This command is the primary way to create or use marks other than |
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407 @samp{*} or @samp{D}. The arguments are single characters---do not use |
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408 @key{RET} to terminate them. |
25829 | 409 |
410 You can use almost any character as a mark character by means of this | |
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411 command, to distinguish various classes of files. If @var{old-markchar} |
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412 is a space (@samp{ }), then the command operates on all unmarked files; |
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413 if @var{new-markchar} is a space, then the command unmarks the files it |
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414 acts on. |
25829 | 415 |
416 To illustrate the power of this command, here is how to put @samp{D} | |
417 flags on all the files that have no marks, while unflagging all those | |
418 that already have @samp{D} flags: | |
419 | |
420 @example | |
421 * c D t * c SPC D * c t SPC | |
422 @end example | |
423 | |
36507 | 424 This assumes that no files were already marked with @samp{t}. |
25829 | 425 |
426 @item % m @var{regexp} @key{RET} | |
427 @itemx * % @var{regexp} @key{RET} | |
428 @findex dired-mark-files-regexp | |
429 @kindex % m @r{(Dired)} | |
430 @kindex * % @r{(Dired)} | |
431 Mark (with @samp{*}) all files whose names match the regular expression | |
432 @var{regexp} (@code{dired-mark-files-regexp}). This command is like | |
433 @kbd{% d}, except that it marks files with @samp{*} instead of flagging | |
434 with @samp{D}. @xref{Flagging Many Files}. | |
435 | |
436 Only the non-directory part of the file name is used in matching. Use | |
437 @samp{^} and @samp{$} to anchor matches. Exclude subdirectories by | |
438 hiding them (@pxref{Hiding Subdirectories}). | |
439 | |
440 @item % g @var{regexp} @key{RET} | |
441 @findex dired-mark-files-containing-regexp | |
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442 @kindex % g @r{(Dired)} |
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443 @cindex finding files containing regexp matches (in Dired) |
25829 | 444 Mark (with @samp{*}) all files whose @emph{contents} contain a match for |
445 the regular expression @var{regexp} | |
446 (@code{dired-mark-files-containing-regexp}). This command is like | |
447 @kbd{% m}, except that it searches the file contents instead of the file | |
448 name. | |
449 | |
450 @item C-_ | |
451 @kindex C-_ @r{(Dired)} | |
452 @findex dired-undo | |
453 Undo changes in the Dired buffer, such as adding or removing | |
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454 marks (@code{dired-undo}). @emph{This command does not revert the |
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455 actual file operations, nor recover lost files!} It just undoes |
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456 changes in the buffer itself. For example, if used after renaming one |
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457 or more files, @code{dired-undo} restores the original names, which |
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458 will get the Dired buffer out of sync with the actual contents of the |
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459 directory. |
25829 | 460 @end table |
461 | |
462 @node Operating on Files | |
463 @section Operating on Files | |
464 @cindex operating on files in Dired | |
465 | |
466 This section describes the basic Dired commands to operate on one file | |
467 or several files. All of these commands are capital letters; all of | |
468 them use the minibuffer, either to read an argument or to ask for | |
469 confirmation, before they act. All of them give you several ways to | |
470 specify which files to manipulate: | |
471 | |
472 @itemize @bullet | |
473 @item | |
474 If you give the command a numeric prefix argument @var{n}, it operates | |
475 on the next @var{n} files, starting with the current file. (If @var{n} | |
476 is negative, the command operates on the @minus{}@var{n} files preceding | |
477 the current line.) | |
478 | |
479 @item | |
480 Otherwise, if some files are marked with @samp{*}, the command operates | |
481 on all those files. | |
482 | |
483 @item | |
484 Otherwise, the command operates on the current file only. | |
485 @end itemize | |
486 | |
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487 @vindex dired-dwim-target |
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488 @cindex two directories (in Dired) |
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489 Commands which ask for a destination directory, such as those which |
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490 copy and rename files or create links for them, try to guess the default |
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491 target directory for the operation. Normally, they suggest the Dired |
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492 buffer's default directory, but if the variable @code{dired-dwim-target} |
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493 is non-@code{nil}, and if there is another Dired buffer displayed in the |
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494 next window, that other buffer's directory is suggested instead. |
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495 |
25829 | 496 Here are the file-manipulating commands that operate on files in this |
497 way. (Some other Dired commands, such as @kbd{!} and the @samp{%} | |
498 commands, also use these conventions to decide which files to work on.) | |
499 | |
500 @table @kbd | |
501 @findex dired-do-copy | |
502 @kindex C @r{(Dired)} | |
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503 @cindex copying files (in Dired) |
25829 | 504 @item C @var{new} @key{RET} |
505 Copy the specified files (@code{dired-do-copy}). The argument @var{new} | |
506 is the directory to copy into, or (if copying a single file) the new | |
507 name. | |
508 | |
509 @vindex dired-copy-preserve-time | |
510 If @code{dired-copy-preserve-time} is non-@code{nil}, then copying with | |
511 this command sets the modification time of the new file to be the same | |
512 as that of the old file. | |
513 | |
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514 @vindex dired-recursive-copies |
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515 @cindex recursive copying |
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516 The variable @code{dired-recursive-copies} controls whether |
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517 directories are copied recursively. The default is to not copy |
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518 recursively, which means that directories cannot be copied. |
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519 |
25829 | 520 @item D |
521 @findex dired-do-delete | |
522 @kindex D @r{(Dired)} | |
523 Delete the specified files (@code{dired-do-delete}). Like the other | |
524 commands in this section, this command operates on the @emph{marked} | |
525 files, or the next @var{n} files. By contrast, @kbd{x} | |
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526 (@code{dired-do-flagged-delete}) deletes all @dfn{flagged} files. |
25829 | 527 |
528 @findex dired-do-rename | |
529 @kindex R @r{(Dired)} | |
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530 @cindex renaming files (in Dired) |
25829 | 531 @item R @var{new} @key{RET} |
532 Rename the specified files (@code{dired-do-rename}). The argument | |
533 @var{new} is the directory to rename into, or (if renaming a single | |
534 file) the new name. | |
535 | |
536 Dired automatically changes the visited file name of buffers associated | |
537 with renamed files so that they refer to the new names. | |
538 | |
539 @findex dired-do-hardlink | |
540 @kindex H @r{(Dired)} | |
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541 @cindex hard links (in Dired) |
25829 | 542 @item H @var{new} @key{RET} |
543 Make hard links to the specified files (@code{dired-do-hardlink}). The | |
544 argument @var{new} is the directory to make the links in, or (if making | |
545 just one link) the name to give the link. | |
546 | |
547 @findex dired-do-symlink | |
548 @kindex S @r{(Dired)} | |
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549 @cindex symlinks (in Dired) |
25829 | 550 @item S @var{new} @key{RET} |
551 Make symbolic links to the specified files (@code{dired-do-symlink}). | |
552 The argument @var{new} is the directory to make the links in, or (if | |
553 making just one link) the name to give the link. | |
554 | |
555 @findex dired-do-chmod | |
556 @kindex M @r{(Dired)} | |
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557 @cindex changing file permissions (in Dired) |
25829 | 558 @item M @var{modespec} @key{RET} |
559 Change the mode (also called ``permission bits'') of the specified files | |
560 (@code{dired-do-chmod}). This uses the @code{chmod} program, so | |
561 @var{modespec} can be any argument that @code{chmod} can handle. | |
562 | |
563 @findex dired-do-chgrp | |
564 @kindex G @r{(Dired)} | |
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565 @cindex changing file group (in Dired) |
25829 | 566 @item G @var{newgroup} @key{RET} |
567 Change the group of the specified files to @var{newgroup} | |
568 (@code{dired-do-chgrp}). | |
569 | |
570 @findex dired-do-chown | |
571 @kindex O @r{(Dired)} | |
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572 @cindex changing file owner (in Dired) |
25829 | 573 @item O @var{newowner} @key{RET} |
574 Change the owner of the specified files to @var{newowner} | |
575 (@code{dired-do-chown}). (On most systems, only the superuser can do | |
576 this.) | |
577 | |
578 @vindex dired-chown-program | |
579 The variable @code{dired-chown-program} specifies the name of the | |
580 program to use to do the work (different systems put @code{chown} in | |
581 different places). | |
582 | |
583 @findex dired-do-print | |
584 @kindex P @r{(Dired)} | |
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585 @cindex printing files (in Dired) |
25829 | 586 @item P @var{command} @key{RET} |
587 Print the specified files (@code{dired-do-print}). You must specify the | |
588 command to print them with, but the minibuffer starts out with a | |
589 suitable guess made using the variables @code{lpr-command} and | |
590 @code{lpr-switches} (the same variables that @code{lpr-buffer} uses; | |
591 @pxref{Hardcopy}). | |
592 | |
593 @findex dired-do-compress | |
594 @kindex Z @r{(Dired)} | |
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595 @cindex compressing files (in Dired) |
25829 | 596 @item Z |
597 Compress the specified files (@code{dired-do-compress}). If the file | |
598 appears to be a compressed file already, it is uncompressed instead. | |
599 | |
600 @findex dired-do-load | |
601 @kindex L @r{(Dired)} | |
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602 @cindex loading several files (in Dired) |
25829 | 603 @item L |
604 Load the specified Emacs Lisp files (@code{dired-do-load}). | |
605 @xref{Lisp Libraries}. | |
606 | |
607 @findex dired-do-byte-compile | |
608 @kindex B @r{(Dired)} | |
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609 @cindex byte-compiling several files (in Dired) |
25829 | 610 @item B |
611 Byte compile the specified Emacs Lisp files | |
612 (@code{dired-do-byte-compile}). @xref{Byte Compilation,, Byte | |
613 Compilation, elisp, The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}. | |
614 | |
615 @kindex A @r{(Dired)} | |
616 @findex dired-do-search | |
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617 @cindex search multiple files (in Dired) |
25829 | 618 @item A @var{regexp} @key{RET} |
619 Search all the specified files for the regular expression @var{regexp} | |
620 (@code{dired-do-search}). | |
621 | |
622 This command is a variant of @code{tags-search}. The search stops at | |
623 the first match it finds; use @kbd{M-,} to resume the search and find | |
624 the next match. @xref{Tags Search}. | |
625 | |
626 @kindex Q @r{(Dired)} | |
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627 @findex dired-do-query-replace-regexp |
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628 @cindex search and replace in multiple files (in Dired) |
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629 @item Q @var{regexp} @key{RET} @var{to} @key{RET} |
25829 | 630 Perform @code{query-replace-regexp} on each of the specified files, |
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631 replacing matches for @var{regexp} with the string |
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632 @var{to} (@code{dired-do-query-replace-regexp}). |
25829 | 633 |
634 This command is a variant of @code{tags-query-replace}. If you exit the | |
635 query replace loop, you can use @kbd{M-,} to resume the scan and replace | |
636 more matches. @xref{Tags Search}. | |
637 @end table | |
638 | |
639 @kindex + @r{(Dired)} | |
640 @findex dired-create-directory | |
641 One special file-operation command is @kbd{+} | |
642 (@code{dired-create-directory}). This command reads a directory name and | |
643 creates the directory if it does not already exist. | |
644 | |
645 @node Shell Commands in Dired | |
646 @section Shell Commands in Dired | |
647 @cindex shell commands, Dired | |
648 | |
649 @findex dired-do-shell-command | |
650 @kindex ! @r{(Dired)} | |
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651 @kindex X @r{(Dired)} |
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652 The Dired command @kbd{!} (@code{dired-do-shell-command}) reads a shell |
25829 | 653 command string in the minibuffer and runs that shell command on all the |
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654 specified files. @kbd{X} is a synonym for @kbd{!}. You can specify the |
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655 files to operate on in the usual ways for Dired commands |
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656 (@pxref{Operating on Files}). There are two ways of applying a shell |
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657 command to multiple files: |
25829 | 658 |
659 @itemize @bullet | |
660 @item | |
661 If you use @samp{*} in the shell command, then it runs just once, with | |
662 the list of file names substituted for the @samp{*}. The order of file | |
663 names is the order of appearance in the Dired buffer. | |
664 | |
665 Thus, @kbd{! tar cf foo.tar * @key{RET}} runs @code{tar} on the entire | |
666 list of file names, putting them into one tar file @file{foo.tar}. | |
667 | |
668 @item | |
669 If the command string doesn't contain @samp{*}, then it runs once | |
670 @emph{for each file}, with the file name added at the end. | |
671 | |
672 For example, @kbd{! uudecode @key{RET}} runs @code{uudecode} on each | |
673 file. | |
674 @end itemize | |
675 | |
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676 What if you want to run the shell command once for each file, with the |
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677 file name inserted in the middle? You can use @samp{?} in the command |
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678 instead of @samp{*}. The current file name is substituted for |
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679 @samp{?}. You can use @samp{?} more than once. For instance, here is |
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680 how to uuencode each file, making the output file name by appending |
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681 @samp{.uu} to the input file name: |
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682 |
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683 @example |
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684 uuencode ? ? > ?.uu |
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685 @end example |
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686 |
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687 To use the file names in a more complicated fashion, you can use a |
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688 shell loop. For example, this shell command is another way to |
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689 uuencode each file: |
25829 | 690 |
691 @example | |
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692 for file in *; do uuencode "$file" "$file" >"$file".uu; done |
25829 | 693 @end example |
694 | |
695 The working directory for the shell command is the top-level directory | |
696 of the Dired buffer. | |
697 | |
698 The @kbd{!} command does not attempt to update the Dired buffer to show | |
699 new or modified files, because it doesn't really understand shell | |
700 commands, and does not know what files the shell command changed. Use | |
701 the @kbd{g} command to update the Dired buffer (@pxref{Dired | |
702 Updating}). | |
703 | |
704 @node Transforming File Names | |
705 @section Transforming File Names in Dired | |
706 | |
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707 This section describes Dired commands which alter file names in a |
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708 systematic way. |
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709 |
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710 Like the basic Dired file-manipulation commands (@pxref{Operating on |
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711 Files}), the commands described here operate either on the next |
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712 @var{n} files, or on all files marked with @samp{*}, or on the current |
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713 file. (To mark files, use the commands described in @ref{Marks vs |
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714 Flags}.) |
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715 |
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716 All of the commands described in this section work |
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717 @emph{interactively}: they ask you to confirm the operation for each |
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718 candidate file. Thus, you can select more files than you actually |
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719 need to operate on (e.g., with a regexp that matches many files), and |
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720 then refine the selection by typing @kbd{y} or @kbd{n} when the |
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721 command prompts for confirmation. |
25829 | 722 |
723 @table @kbd | |
724 @findex dired-upcase | |
725 @kindex % u @r{(Dired)} | |
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726 @cindex upcase file names |
25829 | 727 @item % u |
728 Rename each of the selected files to an upper-case name | |
729 (@code{dired-upcase}). If the old file names are @file{Foo} | |
730 and @file{bar}, the new names are @file{FOO} and @file{BAR}. | |
731 | |
732 @item % l | |
733 @findex dired-downcase | |
734 @kindex % l @r{(Dired)} | |
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735 @cindex downcase file names |
25829 | 736 Rename each of the selected files to a lower-case name |
737 (@code{dired-downcase}). If the old file names are @file{Foo} and | |
738 @file{bar}, the new names are @file{foo} and @file{bar}. | |
739 | |
740 @item % R @var{from} @key{RET} @var{to} @key{RET} | |
741 @kindex % R @r{(Dired)} | |
742 @findex dired-do-rename-regexp | |
743 @itemx % C @var{from} @key{RET} @var{to} @key{RET} | |
744 @kindex % C @r{(Dired)} | |
745 @findex dired-do-copy-regexp | |
746 @itemx % H @var{from} @key{RET} @var{to} @key{RET} | |
747 @kindex % H @r{(Dired)} | |
748 @findex dired-do-hardlink-regexp | |
749 @itemx % S @var{from} @key{RET} @var{to} @key{RET} | |
750 @kindex % S @r{(Dired)} | |
751 @findex dired-do-symlink-regexp | |
752 These four commands rename, copy, make hard links and make soft links, | |
753 in each case computing the new name by regular-expression substitution | |
754 from the name of the old file. | |
755 @end table | |
756 | |
757 The four regular-expression substitution commands effectively perform | |
758 a search-and-replace on the selected file names in the Dired buffer. | |
759 They read two arguments: a regular expression @var{from}, and a | |
760 substitution pattern @var{to}. | |
761 | |
762 The commands match each ``old'' file name against the regular | |
763 expression @var{from}, and then replace the matching part with @var{to}. | |
764 You can use @samp{\&} and @samp{\@var{digit}} in @var{to} to refer to | |
765 all or part of what the pattern matched in the old file name, as in | |
766 @code{replace-regexp} (@pxref{Regexp Replace}). If the regular expression | |
767 matches more than once in a file name, only the first match is replaced. | |
768 | |
769 For example, @kbd{% R ^.*$ @key{RET} x-\& @key{RET}} renames each | |
770 selected file by prepending @samp{x-} to its name. The inverse of this, | |
771 removing @samp{x-} from the front of each file name, is also possible: | |
772 one method is @kbd{% R ^x-\(.*\)$ @key{RET} \1 @key{RET}}; another is | |
773 @kbd{% R ^x- @key{RET} @key{RET}}. (Use @samp{^} and @samp{$} to anchor | |
774 matches that should span the whole filename.) | |
775 | |
776 Normally, the replacement process does not consider the files' | |
777 directory names; it operates on the file name within the directory. If | |
778 you specify a numeric argument of zero, then replacement affects the | |
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779 entire absolute file name including directory name. (Non-zero |
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780 argument specifies the number of files to operate on.) |
25829 | 781 |
782 Often you will want to select the set of files to operate on using the | |
783 same @var{regexp} that you will use to operate on them. To do this, | |
784 mark those files with @kbd{% m @var{regexp} @key{RET}}, then use the | |
785 same regular expression in the command to operate on the files. To make | |
786 this easier, the @kbd{%} commands to operate on files use the last | |
787 regular expression specified in any @kbd{%} command as a default. | |
788 | |
789 @node Comparison in Dired | |
790 @section File Comparison with Dired | |
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791 @cindex file comparison (in Dired) |
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792 @cindex compare files (in Dired) |
25829 | 793 |
794 Here are two Dired commands that compare specified files using | |
795 @code{diff}. | |
796 | |
797 @table @kbd | |
798 @item = | |
799 @findex dired-diff | |
800 @kindex = @r{(Dired)} | |
801 Compare the current file (the file at point) with another file (the file | |
802 at the mark) using the @code{diff} program (@code{dired-diff}). The | |
803 file at the mark is the first argument of @code{diff}, and the file at | |
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804 point is the second argument. Use @kbd{C-@key{SPC}} |
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805 (@code{set-mark-command}) to set the mark at the first file's line |
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806 (@pxref{Setting Mark}), since @code{dired-diff} ignores the files marked |
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807 with the Dired's @kbd{m} command. |
25829 | 808 |
809 @findex dired-backup-diff | |
810 @kindex M-= @r{(Dired)} | |
811 @item M-= | |
812 Compare the current file with its latest backup file | |
813 (@code{dired-backup-diff}). If the current file is itself a backup, | |
814 compare it with the file it is a backup of; this way, you can compare | |
815 a file with any backup version of your choice. | |
816 | |
817 The backup file is the first file given to @code{diff}. | |
818 @end table | |
819 | |
820 @node Subdirectories in Dired | |
821 @section Subdirectories in Dired | |
822 @cindex subdirectories in Dired | |
823 @cindex expanding subdirectories in Dired | |
824 | |
825 A Dired buffer displays just one directory in the normal case; | |
826 but you can optionally include its subdirectories as well. | |
827 | |
828 The simplest way to include multiple directories in one Dired buffer is | |
829 to specify the options @samp{-lR} for running @code{ls}. (If you give a | |
830 numeric argument when you run Dired, then you can specify these options | |
831 in the minibuffer.) That produces a recursive directory listing showing | |
832 all subdirectories at all levels. | |
833 | |
834 But usually all the subdirectories are too many; usually you will | |
835 prefer to include specific subdirectories only. You can do this with | |
836 the @kbd{i} command: | |
837 | |
838 @table @kbd | |
839 @findex dired-maybe-insert-subdir | |
840 @kindex i @r{(Dired)} | |
841 @item i | |
842 @cindex inserted subdirectory (Dired) | |
843 @cindex in-situ subdirectory (Dired) | |
844 Insert the contents of a subdirectory later in the buffer. | |
845 @end table | |
846 | |
847 Use the @kbd{i} (@code{dired-maybe-insert-subdir}) command on a line | |
848 that describes a file which is a directory. It inserts the contents of | |
849 that directory into the same Dired buffer, and moves there. Inserted | |
850 subdirectory contents follow the top-level directory of the Dired | |
851 buffer, just as they do in @samp{ls -lR} output. | |
852 | |
853 If the subdirectory's contents are already present in the buffer, the | |
854 @kbd{i} command just moves to it. | |
855 | |
856 In either case, @kbd{i} sets the Emacs mark before moving, so @kbd{C-u | |
857 C-@key{SPC}} takes you back to the old position in the buffer (the line | |
858 describing that subdirectory). | |
859 | |
860 Use the @kbd{l} command (@code{dired-do-redisplay}) to update the | |
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861 subdirectory's contents. Use @kbd{C-u k} on the subdirectory header |
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862 line to delete the subdirectory. @xref{Dired Updating}. |
25829 | 863 |
864 @node Subdirectory Motion | |
865 @section Moving Over Subdirectories | |
866 | |
867 When a Dired buffer lists subdirectories, you can use the page motion | |
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868 commands @kbd{C-x [} and @kbd{C-x ]} to move by entire directories |
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869 (@pxref{Pages}). |
25829 | 870 |
871 @cindex header line (Dired) | |
872 @cindex directory header lines | |
873 The following commands move across, up and down in the tree of | |
874 directories within one Dired buffer. They move to @dfn{directory header | |
875 lines}, which are the lines that give a directory's name, at the | |
876 beginning of the directory's contents. | |
877 | |
878 @table @kbd | |
879 @findex dired-next-subdir | |
880 @kindex C-M-n @r{(Dired)} | |
881 @item C-M-n | |
882 Go to next subdirectory header line, regardless of level | |
883 (@code{dired-next-subdir}). | |
884 | |
885 @findex dired-prev-subdir | |
886 @kindex C-M-p @r{(Dired)} | |
887 @item C-M-p | |
888 Go to previous subdirectory header line, regardless of level | |
889 (@code{dired-prev-subdir}). | |
890 | |
891 @findex dired-tree-up | |
892 @kindex C-M-u @r{(Dired)} | |
893 @item C-M-u | |
894 Go up to the parent directory's header line (@code{dired-tree-up}). | |
895 | |
896 @findex dired-tree-down | |
897 @kindex C-M-d @r{(Dired)} | |
898 @item C-M-d | |
899 Go down in the directory tree, to the first subdirectory's header line | |
900 (@code{dired-tree-down}). | |
901 | |
902 @findex dired-prev-dirline | |
903 @kindex < @r{(Dired)} | |
904 @item < | |
905 Move up to the previous directory-file line (@code{dired-prev-dirline}). | |
906 These lines are the ones that describe a directory as a file in its | |
907 parent directory. | |
908 | |
909 @findex dired-next-dirline | |
910 @kindex > @r{(Dired)} | |
911 @item > | |
912 Move down to the next directory-file line (@code{dired-prev-dirline}). | |
913 @end table | |
914 | |
915 @node Hiding Subdirectories | |
916 @section Hiding Subdirectories | |
917 | |
918 @cindex hiding in Dired (Dired) | |
919 @dfn{Hiding} a subdirectory means to make it invisible, except for its | |
920 header line, via selective display (@pxref{Selective Display}). | |
921 | |
922 @table @kbd | |
923 @item $ | |
924 @findex dired-hide-subdir | |
925 @kindex $ @r{(Dired)} | |
926 Hide or reveal the subdirectory that point is in, and move point to the | |
927 next subdirectory (@code{dired-hide-subdir}). A numeric argument serves | |
928 as a repeat count. | |
929 | |
930 @item M-$ | |
931 @findex dired-hide-all | |
932 @kindex M-$ @r{(Dired)} | |
933 Hide all subdirectories in this Dired buffer, leaving only their header | |
934 lines (@code{dired-hide-all}). Or, if any subdirectory is currently | |
935 hidden, make all subdirectories visible again. You can use this command | |
936 to get an overview in very deep directory trees or to move quickly to | |
937 subdirectories far away. | |
938 @end table | |
939 | |
940 Ordinary Dired commands never consider files inside a hidden | |
941 subdirectory. For example, the commands to operate on marked files | |
942 ignore files in hidden directories even if they are marked. Thus you | |
943 can use hiding to temporarily exclude subdirectories from operations | |
944 without having to remove the markers. | |
945 | |
946 The subdirectory hiding commands toggle; that is, they hide what was | |
947 visible, and show what was hidden. | |
948 | |
949 @node Dired Updating | |
950 @section Updating the Dired Buffer | |
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951 @cindex updating Dired buffer |
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952 @cindex refreshing displayed files |
25829 | 953 |
954 This section describes commands to update the Dired buffer to reflect | |
955 outside (non-Dired) changes in the directories and files, and to delete | |
956 part of the Dired buffer. | |
957 | |
958 @table @kbd | |
959 @item g | |
960 Update the entire contents of the Dired buffer (@code{revert-buffer}). | |
961 | |
962 @item l | |
963 Update the specified files (@code{dired-do-redisplay}). | |
964 | |
965 @item k | |
966 Delete the specified @emph{file lines}---not the files, just the lines | |
967 (@code{dired-do-kill-lines}). | |
968 | |
969 @item s | |
970 Toggle between alphabetical order and date/time order | |
971 (@code{dired-sort-toggle-or-edit}). | |
972 | |
973 @item C-u s @var{switches} @key{RET} | |
974 Refresh the Dired buffer using @var{switches} as | |
975 @code{dired-listing-switches}. | |
976 @end table | |
977 | |
978 @kindex g @r{(Dired)} | |
979 @findex revert-buffer @r{(Dired)} | |
980 Type @kbd{g} (@code{revert-buffer}) to update the contents of the | |
981 Dired buffer, based on changes in the files and directories listed. | |
982 This preserves all marks except for those on files that have vanished. | |
983 Hidden subdirectories are updated but remain hidden. | |
984 | |
985 @kindex l @r{(Dired)} | |
986 @findex dired-do-redisplay | |
987 To update only some of the files, type @kbd{l} | |
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988 (@code{dired-do-redisplay}). Like the Dired file-operating commands, |
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989 this command operates on the next @var{n} files (or previous |
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990 @minus{}@var{n} files), or on the marked files if any, or on the |
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991 current file. Updating the files means reading their current status, |
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992 then updating their lines in the buffer to indicate that status. |
25829 | 993 |
994 If you use @kbd{l} on a subdirectory header line, it updates the | |
995 contents of the corresponding subdirectory. | |
996 | |
997 @kindex k @r{(Dired)} | |
998 @findex dired-do-kill-lines | |
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999 To delete the specified @emph{file lines} from the buffer---not |
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1000 delete the files---type @kbd{k} (@code{dired-do-kill-lines}). Like |
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1001 the file-operating commands, this command operates on the next @var{n} |
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1002 files, or on the marked files if any; but it does not operate on the |
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1003 current file as a last resort. |
25829 | 1004 |
1005 If you kill the line for a file that is a directory, the directory's | |
1006 contents are also deleted from the buffer. Typing @kbd{C-u k} on the | |
1007 header line for a subdirectory is another way to delete a subdirectory | |
1008 from the Dired buffer. | |
1009 | |
1010 The @kbd{g} command brings back any individual lines that you have | |
1011 killed in this way, but not subdirectories---you must use @kbd{i} to | |
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1012 reinsert a subdirectory. |
25829 | 1013 |
1014 @cindex Dired sorting | |
1015 @cindex sorting Dired buffer | |
1016 @kindex s @r{(Dired)} | |
1017 @findex dired-sort-toggle-or-edit | |
1018 The files in a Dired buffers are normally listed in alphabetical order | |
1019 by file names. Alternatively Dired can sort them by date/time. The | |
1020 Dired command @kbd{s} (@code{dired-sort-toggle-or-edit}) switches | |
1021 between these two sorting modes. The mode line in a Dired buffer | |
1022 indicates which way it is currently sorted---by name, or by date. | |
1023 | |
1024 @kbd{C-u s @var{switches} @key{RET}} lets you specify a new value for | |
1025 @code{dired-listing-switches}. | |
1026 | |
1027 @node Dired and Find | |
1028 @section Dired and @code{find} | |
1029 @cindex @code{find} and Dired | |
1030 | |
1031 You can select a set of files for display in a Dired buffer more | |
1032 flexibly by using the @code{find} utility to choose the files. | |
1033 | |
1034 @findex find-name-dired | |
1035 To search for files with names matching a wildcard pattern use | |
1036 @kbd{M-x find-name-dired}. It reads arguments @var{directory} and | |
1037 @var{pattern}, and chooses all the files in @var{directory} or its | |
1038 subdirectories whose individual names match @var{pattern}. | |
1039 | |
1040 The files thus chosen are displayed in a Dired buffer in which the | |
1041 ordinary Dired commands are available. | |
1042 | |
1043 @findex find-grep-dired | |
1044 If you want to test the contents of files, rather than their names, | |
1045 use @kbd{M-x find-grep-dired}. This command reads two minibuffer | |
1046 arguments, @var{directory} and @var{regexp}; it chooses all the files in | |
1047 @var{directory} or its subdirectories that contain a match for | |
1048 @var{regexp}. It works by running the programs @code{find} and | |
1049 @code{grep}. See also @kbd{M-x grep-find}, in @ref{Compilation}. | |
1050 Remember to write the regular expression for @code{grep}, not for Emacs. | |
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1051 (An alternative method of showing files whose contents match a given |
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1052 regexp is the @kbd{% g @var{regexp}} command, see @ref{Marks vs Flags}.) |
25829 | 1053 |
1054 @findex find-dired | |
1055 The most general command in this series is @kbd{M-x find-dired}, which | |
1056 lets you specify any condition that @code{find} can test. It takes two | |
1057 minibuffer arguments, @var{directory} and @var{find-args}; it runs | |
1058 @code{find} in @var{directory}, passing @var{find-args} to tell | |
1059 @code{find} what condition to test. To use this command, you need to | |
1060 know how to use @code{find}. | |
1061 | |
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1062 @findex locate |
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1063 @findex locate-with-filter |
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1064 @cindex file database (locate) |
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1065 @vindex locate-command |
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1066 @kbd{M-x locate} provides a similar interface to the @code{locate} |
38156 | 1067 program. @kbd{M-x locate-with-filter} is similar, but keeps only lines |
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1068 matching a given regular expression. |
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1069 |
25829 | 1070 @vindex find-ls-option |
1071 The format of listing produced by these commands is controlled by the | |
1072 variable @code{find-ls-option}, whose default value specifies using | |
1073 options @samp{-ld} for @code{ls}. If your listings are corrupted, you | |
1074 may need to change the value of this variable. |