Mercurial > emacs
annotate man/xresources.texi @ 42179:87092eec53dc
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author | Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz> |
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date | Wed, 19 Dec 2001 07:23:54 +0000 |
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1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual. |
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2 @c Copyright (C) 1987,93,94,95,1997,2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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3 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions. |
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4 @node X Resources, Antinews, Command Arguments, Top |
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5 @appendix X Options and Resources |
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6 |
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7 You can customize some X-related aspects of Emacs behavior using X |
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8 resources, as is usual for programs that use X. X resources are the |
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9 only way to customize tooltip windows and LessTif menus, since the |
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10 libraries that implement them don't provide for customization through |
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11 Emacs. This appendix describes the X resources that Emacs recognizes |
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12 and how to use them. |
40591 | 13 |
14 @menu | |
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15 * Resources:: Using X resources with Emacs (in general). |
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16 * Table of Resources:: Table of specific X resources that affect Emacs. |
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17 * Face Resources:: X resources for customizing faces. |
40591 | 18 * Lucid Resources:: X resources for Lucid menus. |
19 * LessTif Resources:: X resources for LessTif and Motif menus. | |
20 @end menu | |
21 | |
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22 @node Resources |
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23 @appendixsec X Resources |
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24 @cindex resources |
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25 |
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26 @cindex X resources, @file{~/.Xdefaults} file |
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27 Programs running under the X Window System organize their user options |
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28 under a hierarchy of classes and resources. You can specify default |
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29 values for these options in your X resources file, usually named |
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30 @file{~/.Xdefaults}. |
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31 |
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32 Each line in the file specifies a value for one option or for a |
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33 collection of related options, for one program or for several programs |
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34 (optionally even for all programs). |
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35 |
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36 @cindex Registry (MS-Windows) |
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37 @cindex @file{.Xdefaults} file, and MS-Windows |
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38 MS-Windows systems don't support @file{~/.Xdefaults} files, but |
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39 Emacs compiled for Windows looks for X resources in the Windows |
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40 Registry, under the keys @samp{HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\GNU\Emacs} |
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41 and @samp{HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\GNU\Emacs}. |
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42 |
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43 Programs define named resources with particular meanings. They also |
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44 define how to group resources into named classes. For instance, in |
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45 Emacs, the @samp{internalBorder} resource controls the width of the |
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46 internal border, and the @samp{borderWidth} resource controls the width |
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47 of the external border. Both of these resources are part of the |
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48 @samp{BorderWidth} class. Case distinctions are significant in these |
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49 names. |
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50 |
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51 In @file{~/.Xdefaults}, you can specify a value for a single resource |
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52 on one line, like this: |
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53 |
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54 @example |
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55 emacs.borderWidth: 2 |
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56 @end example |
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57 |
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58 @noindent |
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59 Or you can use a class name to specify the same value for all resources |
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60 in that class. Here's an example: |
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61 |
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62 @example |
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63 emacs.BorderWidth: 2 |
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64 @end example |
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65 |
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66 If you specify a value for a class, it becomes the default for all |
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67 resources in that class. You can specify values for individual |
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68 resources as well; these override the class value, for those particular |
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69 resources. Thus, this example specifies 2 as the default width for all |
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70 borders, but overrides this value with 4 for the external border: |
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71 |
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72 @example |
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73 emacs.BorderWidth: 2 |
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74 emacs.borderWidth: 4 |
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75 @end example |
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76 |
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77 The order in which the lines appear in the file does not matter. |
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78 Also, command-line options always override the X resources file. |
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79 |
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80 The string @samp{emacs} in the examples above is also a resource |
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81 name. It actually represents the name of the executable file that you |
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82 invoke to run Emacs. If Emacs is installed under a different name, it |
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83 looks for resources under that name instead of @samp{emacs}. |
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84 |
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85 @table @samp |
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86 @item -name @var{name} |
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87 @opindex --name |
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88 @itemx --name=@var{name} |
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89 @cindex resource name, command-line argument |
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90 Use @var{name} as the resource name (and the title) for the initial |
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91 Emacs frame. This option does not affect subsequent frames, but Lisp |
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92 programs can specify frame names when they create frames. |
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93 |
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94 If you don't specify this option, the default is to use the Emacs |
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95 executable's name as the resource name. |
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96 |
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97 @item -xrm @var{resource-values} |
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98 @opindex --xrm |
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99 @itemx --xrm=@var{resource-values} |
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100 @cindex resource values, command-line argument |
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101 Specify X resource values for this Emacs job (see below). |
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102 @end table |
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103 |
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104 For consistency, @samp{-name} also specifies the name to use for |
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105 other resource values that do not belong to any particular frame. |
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106 |
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107 The resources that name Emacs invocations also belong to a class; its |
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108 name is @samp{Emacs}. If you write @samp{Emacs} instead of |
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109 @samp{emacs}, the resource applies to all frames in all Emacs jobs, |
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110 regardless of frame titles and regardless of the name of the executable |
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111 file. Here is an example: |
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112 |
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113 @example |
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114 Emacs.BorderWidth: 2 |
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115 Emacs.borderWidth: 4 |
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116 @end example |
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117 |
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118 You can specify a string of additional resource values for Emacs to |
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119 use with the command line option @samp{-xrm @var{resources}}. The text |
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120 @var{resources} should have the same format that you would use inside a file |
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121 of X resources. To include multiple resource specifications in |
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122 @var{resources}, put a newline between them, just as you would in a file. |
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123 You can also use @samp{#include "@var{filename}"} to include a file full |
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124 of resource specifications. Resource values specified with @samp{-xrm} |
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125 take precedence over all other resource specifications. |
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126 |
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127 One way to experiment with the effect of different resource settings |
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128 is to use the @code{editres} program. Select @samp{Get Tree} from the |
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129 @samp{Commands} menu, then click on an Emacs frame. This will display |
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130 a tree showing the structure of X toolkit widgets used in an Emacs |
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131 frame. Select one of them, such as @samp{menubar}, then select |
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132 @samp{Show Resource Box} from the @samp{Commands} menu. This displays |
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133 a list of all the meaningful X resources and allows you to edit them. |
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134 Changes take effect immediately if you click on the @samp{Apply} button. |
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135 |
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136 @node Table of Resources |
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137 @appendixsec Table of X Resources for Emacs |
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138 |
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139 This table lists the resource names that designate options for |
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140 Emacs, each with the class that it belongs to: |
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141 |
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142 @table @asis |
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143 @item @code{background} (class @code{Background}) |
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144 Background color name. |
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145 |
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146 @item @code{bitmapIcon} (class @code{BitmapIcon}) |
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147 Use a bitmap icon (a picture of a gnu) if @samp{on}, let the window |
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148 manager choose an icon if @samp{off}. |
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149 |
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150 @item @code{borderColor} (class @code{BorderColor}) |
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151 Color name for the external border. |
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152 |
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153 @item @code{borderWidth} (class @code{BorderWidth}) |
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154 Width in pixels of the external border. |
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155 |
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156 @item @code{cursorColor} (class @code{Foreground}) |
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157 Color name for text cursor (point). |
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158 |
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159 @item @code{font} (class @code{Font}) |
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160 Font name for text (or fontset name, @pxref{Fontsets}). |
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161 |
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162 @item @code{foreground} (class @code{Foreground}) |
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163 Color name for text. |
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164 |
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165 @item @code{geometry} (class @code{Geometry}) |
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166 Window size and position. Be careful not to specify this resource as |
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167 @samp{emacs*geometry}, because that may affect individual menus as well |
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168 as the Emacs frame itself. |
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169 |
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170 If this resource specifies a position, that position applies only to the |
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171 initial Emacs frame (or, in the case of a resource for a specific frame |
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172 name, only that frame). However, the size, if specified here, applies to |
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173 all frames. |
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174 |
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175 @item @code{iconName} (class @code{Title}) |
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176 Name to display in the icon. |
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177 |
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178 @item @code{internalBorder} (class @code{BorderWidth}) |
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179 Width in pixels of the internal border. |
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180 |
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181 @item @code{lineSpacing} (class @code{LineSpacing}) |
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182 @cindex line spacing |
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183 @cindex leading |
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184 Additional space (@dfn{leading}) between lines, in pixels. |
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185 |
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186 @item @code{menuBar} (class @code{MenuBar}) |
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187 Give frames menu bars if @samp{on}; don't have menu bars if @samp{off}. |
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188 |
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189 @item @code{toolBar} (class @code{ToolBar}) |
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190 Number of lines to reserve for the tool bar. A zero value suppresses |
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191 the tool bar. If the value is non-zero and |
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192 @code{auto-resize-tool-bars} is non-@code{nil}, the tool bar's size |
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193 will be changed automatically so that all tool bar items are visible. |
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194 |
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195 @item @code{minibuffer} (class @code{Minibuffer}) |
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196 If @samp{none}, don't make a minibuffer in this frame. |
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197 It will use a separate minibuffer frame instead. |
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198 |
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199 @item @code{paneFont} (class @code{Font}) |
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200 @cindex font for menus |
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201 Font name for menu pane titles, in non-toolkit versions of Emacs. |
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202 |
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203 @item @code{pointerColor} (class @code{Foreground}) |
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204 Color of the mouse cursor. |
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205 |
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206 @ignore |
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207 @item @code{privateColormap} (class @code{PrivateColormap}) |
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208 If @samp{on}, use a private color map, in the case where the ``default |
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209 visual'' of class PseudoColor and Emacs is using it. |
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210 @end ignore |
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211 |
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212 @item @code{reverseVideo} (class @code{ReverseVideo}) |
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213 Switch foreground and background default colors if @samp{on}, use colors as |
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214 specified if @samp{off}. |
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215 |
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216 @item @code{screenGamma} (class @code{ScreenGamma}) |
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217 @cindex gamma correction |
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218 Gamma correction for colors, equivalent to the frame parameter |
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219 @code{screen-gamma}. |
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220 |
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221 @item @code{selectionFont} (class @code{Font}) |
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222 Font name for pop-up menu items, in non-toolkit versions of Emacs. (For |
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223 toolkit versions, see @ref{Lucid Resources}, also see @ref{LessTif |
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224 Resources}.) |
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225 |
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226 @item @code{synchronous} (class @code{Synchronous}) |
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227 @cindex debugging X problems |
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228 @cindex synchronous X mode |
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229 Run Emacs in synchronous mode if @samp{on}. Synchronous mode is |
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230 useful for debugging X problems. |
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231 |
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232 @item @code{title} (class @code{Title}) |
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233 Name to display in the title bar of the initial Emacs frame. |
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234 |
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235 @item @code{verticalScrollBars} (class @code{ScrollBars}) |
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236 Give frames scroll bars if @samp{on}; don't have scroll bars if |
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237 @samp{off}. |
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238 @end table |
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239 |
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240 @node Face Resources |
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241 @appendixsec X Resources for Faces |
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242 |
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243 You can also use resources to customize the appearance of particular |
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244 faces (@pxref{Faces}): |
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245 |
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246 @table @code |
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247 @item @var{face}.attributeFont |
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248 Font for face @var{face}. |
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249 @item @var{face}.attributeForeground |
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250 Foreground color for face @var{face}. |
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251 @item @var{face}.attributeBackground |
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252 Background color for face @var{face}. |
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253 @item @var{face}.attributeUnderline |
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254 Underline flag for face @var{face}. Use @samp{on} or @samp{true} for |
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255 yes. |
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256 @item @var{face}.attributeFamily |
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257 Font family for face @var{face}. |
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258 @item @var{face}.attributeWidth |
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259 Relative proportional width of the font to use for face @var{face}. |
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260 It should be one of @code{ultra-condensed}, @code{extra-condensed}, |
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261 @code{condensed}, @code{semi-condensed}, @code{normal}, |
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262 @code{semi-expanded}, @code{expanded}, @code{extra-expanded}, or |
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263 @code{ultra-expanded}. |
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264 @item @var{face}.attributeHeight |
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265 Height of the font to use for face @var{face}: either an integer |
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266 specifying the height in units of 1/10@dmn{pt}, or a floating point |
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267 number that specifies a scale factor to scale the underlying face's |
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268 default font, or a function to be called with the default height which |
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269 will return a new height. |
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270 @item @var{face}.attributeWeight |
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271 A weight to use for the face @var{face}. It must be one of |
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272 @code{ultra-bold}, @code{extra-bold}, @code{bold}, |
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273 @code{semi-bold}, @code{normal}, @code{semi-light}, @code{light}, |
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274 @code{extra-light}, @code{ultra-light}. |
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275 @item @var{face}.attributeSlant |
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276 The slant to use for the font of face @var{face}. It must be one of |
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277 @code{italic}, @code{oblique}, @code{normal}, |
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278 @code{reverse-italic}, or @code{reverse-oblique}. |
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279 @item @var{face}.attributeStrikeThrough |
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280 Whether the face @var{face} should be drawn with a line striking |
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281 through the characters. |
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282 @item @var{face}.attributeOverline |
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283 Whether the characters in the face @var{face} should be overlined. |
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284 @item @var{face}.attributeBox |
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285 Whether to draw a box around the characters in face @var{face}. |
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286 @item @var{face}.attributeInverse |
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287 Whether to display the characters in face @var{face} in inverse |
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288 video. |
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289 @item @var{face}.attributeStipple |
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290 The name of a pixmap data file to use for the stipple pattern, or |
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291 @code{false} to not use stipple for the face @var{face}. |
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292 @item @var{face}.attributeBackgroundPixmap |
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293 The background pixmap for the face @var{face}. Should be a name of a |
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294 pixmap file or @code{false}. |
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295 @item @var{face}.attributeBold |
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296 Whether to draw the characters in the face @var{face} as bold. |
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297 @item @var{face}.attributeItalic |
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298 Whether to draw the characters in the face @var{face} as italic. |
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299 @end table |
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300 |
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301 @node Lucid Resources |
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302 @appendixsec Lucid Menu X Resources |
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303 @cindex Menu X Resources (Lucid widgets) |
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304 @cindex Lucid Widget X Resources |
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305 |
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306 If the Emacs installed at your site was built to use the X toolkit |
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307 with the Lucid menu widgets, then the menu bar is a separate widget and |
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308 has its own resources. The resource names contain @samp{pane.menubar} |
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309 (following, as always, the name of the Emacs invocation, or @samp{Emacs}, |
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310 which stands for all Emacs invocations). Specify them like this: |
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311 |
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312 @example |
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313 Emacs.pane.menubar.@var{resource}: @var{value} |
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314 @end example |
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315 |
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316 @noindent |
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317 For example, to specify the font @samp{8x16} for the menu-bar items, |
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318 write this: |
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319 |
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320 @example |
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321 Emacs.pane.menubar.font: 8x16 |
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322 @end example |
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323 |
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324 @noindent |
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325 Resources for @emph{non-menubar} toolkit pop-up menus have |
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326 @samp{menu*}, in like fashion. For example, to specify the font |
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327 @samp{8x16} for the pop-up menu items, write this: |
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328 |
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329 @example |
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330 Emacs.menu*.font: 8x16 |
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331 @end example |
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332 |
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333 @noindent |
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334 For dialog boxes, use @samp{dialog} instead of @samp{menu}: |
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335 |
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336 @example |
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337 Emacs.dialog*.font: 8x16 |
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338 @end example |
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339 |
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340 @noindent |
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341 Experience shows that on some systems you may need to add |
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342 @samp{shell.}@: before the @samp{pane.menubar} or @samp{menu*}. On |
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343 some other systems, you must not add @samp{shell.}. |
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344 |
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345 Here is a list of the specific resources for menu bars and pop-up menus: |
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346 |
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347 @table @code |
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348 @item font |
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349 Font for menu item text. |
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350 @item foreground |
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351 Color of the foreground. |
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352 @item background |
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353 Color of the background. |
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354 @item buttonForeground |
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355 In the menu bar, the color of the foreground for a selected item. |
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356 @item horizontalSpacing |
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357 Horizontal spacing in pixels between items. Default is 3. |
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358 @item verticalSpacing |
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359 Vertical spacing in pixels between items. Default is 1. |
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360 @item arrowSpacing |
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361 Horizontal spacing between the arrow (which indicates a submenu) and |
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362 the associated text. Default is 10. |
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363 @item shadowThickness |
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364 Thickness of shadow line around the widget. |
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365 @item margin |
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366 The margin of the menu bar, in characters. The default of 4 makes the |
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367 menu bar appear like the LessTif/Motif one. |
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368 @end table |
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369 |
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370 @node LessTif Resources |
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371 @appendixsec LessTif Menu X Resources |
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372 @cindex Menu X Resources (LessTif widgets) |
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373 @cindex LessTif Widget X Resources |
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374 |
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375 If the Emacs installed at your site was built to use the X toolkit |
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376 with the LessTif or Motif widgets, then the menu bar, the dialog |
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377 boxes, the pop-up menus, and the file-selection box are separate |
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378 widgets and have their own resources. |
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379 |
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380 The resource names for the menu bar contain @samp{pane.menubar} |
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381 (following, as always, the name of the Emacs invocation, or |
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382 @samp{Emacs}, which stands for all Emacs invocations). Specify them |
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383 like this: |
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384 |
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385 @smallexample |
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386 Emacs.pane.menubar.@var{subwidget}.@var{resource}: @var{value} |
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387 @end smallexample |
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388 |
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389 Each individual string in the menu bar is a subwidget; the subwidget's |
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390 name is the same as the menu item string. For example, the word |
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391 @samp{File} in the menu bar is part of a subwidget named |
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392 @samp{emacs.pane.menubar.File}. Most likely, you want to specify the |
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393 same resources for the whole menu bar. To do this, use @samp{*} instead |
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394 of a specific subwidget name. For example, to specify the font |
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395 @samp{8x16} for the menu-bar items, write this: |
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396 |
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397 @smallexample |
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398 Emacs.pane.menubar.*.fontList: 8x16 |
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399 @end smallexample |
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400 |
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401 @noindent |
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402 This also specifies the resource value for submenus. |
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403 |
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404 Each item in a submenu in the menu bar also has its own name for X |
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405 resources; for example, the @samp{File} submenu has an item named |
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406 @samp{Save (current buffer)}. A resource specification for a submenu |
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407 item looks like this: |
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408 |
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409 @smallexample |
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410 Emacs.pane.menubar.popup_*.@var{menu}.@var{item}.@var{resource}: @var{value} |
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411 @end smallexample |
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412 |
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413 @noindent |
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414 For example, here's how to specify the font for the @samp{Save (current |
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415 buffer)} item: |
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416 |
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417 @smallexample |
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418 Emacs.pane.menubar.popup_*.File.Save (current buffer).fontList: 8x16 |
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419 @end smallexample |
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420 |
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421 @noindent |
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422 For an item in a second-level submenu, such as @samp{Complete Word} |
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423 under @samp{Spell Checking} under @samp{Tools}, the resource fits this |
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424 template: |
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425 |
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426 @smallexample |
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427 Emacs.pane.menubar.popup_*.popup_*.@var{menu}.@var{resource}: @var{value} |
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428 @end smallexample |
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429 |
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430 @noindent |
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431 For example, |
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432 |
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433 @smallexample |
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434 Emacs.pane.menubar.popup_*.popup_*.Spell Checking.Complete Word: @var{value} |
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435 @end smallexample |
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436 |
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437 @noindent |
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438 (This should be one long line.) |
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439 |
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440 It's impossible to specify a resource for all the menu-bar items |
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441 without also specifying it for the submenus as well. So if you want the |
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442 submenu items to look different from the menu bar itself, you must ask |
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443 for that in two steps. First, specify the resource for all of them; |
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444 then, override the value for submenus alone. Here is an example: |
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445 |
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446 @smallexample |
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447 Emacs.pane.menubar.*.fontList: 8x16 |
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448 Emacs.pane.menubar.popup_*.fontList: 8x16 |
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449 @end smallexample |
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450 |
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451 @noindent |
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452 For LessTif pop-up menus, use @samp{menu*} instead of |
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453 @samp{pane.menubar}. For example, to specify the font @samp{8x16} for |
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454 the pop-up menu items, write this: |
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455 |
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456 @smallexample |
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457 Emacs.menu*.fontList: 8x16 |
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458 @end smallexample |
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459 |
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460 @noindent |
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461 For LessTif dialog boxes, use @samp{dialog} instead of @samp{menu}: |
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462 |
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463 @example |
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464 Emacs.dialog*.fontList: 8x16 |
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465 Emacs.dialog*.foreground: hotpink |
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466 @end example |
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467 |
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468 To specify resources for the LessTif file-selection box, use |
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469 @samp{fsb*}, like this: |
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470 |
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471 @example |
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472 Emacs.fsb*.fontList: 8x16 |
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473 @end example |
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474 |
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475 @iftex |
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476 @medbreak |
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477 @end iftex |
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478 Here is a list of the specific resources for LessTif menu bars and |
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479 pop-up menus: |
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480 |
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481 @table @code |
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482 @item armColor |
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483 The color to show in an armed button. |
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484 @item fontList |
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485 The font to use. |
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486 @item marginBottom |
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487 @itemx marginHeight |
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488 @itemx marginLeft |
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489 @itemx marginRight |
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490 @itemx marginTop |
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491 @itemx marginWidth |
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492 Amount of space to leave around the item, within the border. |
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493 @item borderWidth |
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494 The width of the border around the menu item, on all sides. |
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495 @item shadowThickness |
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496 The width of the border shadow. |
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497 @item bottomShadowColor |
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498 The color for the border shadow, on the bottom and the right. |
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499 @item topShadowColor |
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500 The color for the border shadow, on the top and the left. |
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501 @end table |